Institutional Development For Integrated Fire Management in South

Transcription

South Sumatra Forest Fire Management Project
Jl. Jenderal Sudirman No. 2837 KM 3,5 – PO Box 1229
Palembang 30129 – Sumatera Selatan – Indonesia
Telp: (62) 711-377821, Fax: (62) 711-353176
Institutional Development for
Integrated Fire Management in
South Sumatra, Part III: Draft
of an Interagency Fire
Management Master Plan
Anja A. Hoffmann
and
Rosdiana
May 2005
Telp: (62) 711-377821, Fax: (62) 711-353176
PREFACE
The South Sumatra Forest Fire Management Project (SSFFMP) is a
technical co-operation project jointly funded, in terms of the financing
memorandum IDN/RELEX/1999/0103, by the European Commission
and by the Government of the Republic of Indonesia through the
Ministry of Forestry (MoF).
This report has been completed in accordance with the project Overall
Work Plan (OWP) and
in part fulfilment of Activity 2.1, “Support government agencies, private
companies, rural communities and other relevant stakeholders to
improve fire management capacity at province and district levels”,
to achieve Result 2 “Stakeholders enabled to organize and apply fire
management mechanisms in their areas”,
to realise the five-year project purpose, which is “Aid and facilitate the
establishment of a coordinated system of fire management at province,
district, sub district and village level throughout South Sumatra province
in which all involved stakeholders, including the private sector, work
together to reduce the negative impact of fire on the natural and social
environment”.
This report has been prepared with financial assistance from the
Commission of the European Communities. The opinions, views and
recommendations expressed are those of the author and in no way reflect
the official opinion of the Commission.
The report has been prepared by:
Anja A. Hoffmann
The report is acknowledged and approved for circulation by the Project
Co-Directors when duly signed below.
Palembang,
Dr. Ir. Dodi Supriadi
National Co-Director
Dr. Karl-Heinz Steinmann
EU Co-Director
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The author would like to thank the South Sumatra Fire Management
Project and in particular its team leader Dr. Karl Heinz Steinmann as well
as the Indonesian counterparts for their efforts that enabled me to carry
out the task.
Moreover the author is very grateful to Mrs. Rosdiana for her work
assistance, contribution and efforts to accomplish the difficult task to
draft an institutional master plan and particularly the necessary budget for
fire management in South Sumatra.
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The third mission on Institutional development for Integrated Fire
Management in South Sumatra aimed to draft a Fire Management Master
Plan delineating the main functions and objectives of fire management
elements with regard to the respective implementing agencies in South
Sumatra. The overall fire management master plan or concept intends to
guide on how, when and who is to be involved and mobilized at what
stage of fire danger.
According to the five functional elements of fire management such as
analysis and information, prevention, preparedness, response and
rehabilitation main tasks were formulated and further broken down to
main activities to be carried out following Readiness levels (Normal, IIII). An understanding of the roles each agency has at each level is
necessary to maximise the benefits of interagency coordination and
ensure the fulfilment of agency responsibility. In addition, the necessary
activities and estimated budget needs for integrated fire management are
outlined.
The master and budget plan has to be seen as a first draft and does not
claim to be the final version. By incorporating known regulations,
examples, knowledge, references and guidelines existing in Indonesia and
elsewhere the document is not a static one but should be reviewed and
updated as needed by management teams to review policies, roles,
responsibilities and delegation of authorities as well as budget needs.
Furthermore the draft master and budget plan provide guidance and
serve as a discussion basis for further refinement of current fire
management structure of South Sumatra, since not only the individual
roles have to be understood but also the pattern of agency cooperation.
Interagency cooperation is vital in attaining fire management program
objectives. The ability of a single agency to implement fire management
programs is limited without coordination and assistance from other
organisations. Interagency cooperation and coordination of shared
resources and common activities is imperative at all organisational levels.
Therefore the document shall be the agency’s basis for compatible fire
management planning processes, funding mechanisms, training and
qualification requirements, operational procedures, and public education
and awareness programs.
Based on this master plan capacity building measures for the respective
agencies can be tailored and implemented in order to help them to carry
out their tasks.
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ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS
Abbreviation
Indonesian
English
APBD
Anggaran Belanaja Pendapatan
Daerah
Local Income Budget Expenses
APBN
Anggaran Belanja Pendapatan
Nasional
National Income Budget Expenses
BAKORNAS PBP
Badan Koordinasi Nasional
Penganggulangan Bencana
National Co-ordinating Agency for
Emergencies (Disasters)
Bapedalda
Badan Pengendalian Dampak
Lingkunan
Environmental Control Agency on the
Provincial Level
BAPPEDA
Badan Perencanan
Pembangunan Daerah
Regional Development Planning Board
BKSDA
Balai Konservasi Sumber Daya
Alam
Agency for Natural Resource
Conservation
BMG
Badan Meteorologi dan Geofiskia
Agency for Meteorology and Geophysics
BPN
Badan Pertahanan Nasional
National Land Agency
BPPT
Badan Pengkajian Dan
Penerapan Teknologi
Agency for Assessment and Application
of Technology
BrigDalKarhut
Brigade Pengendalian
Kebakaran Hutan
Forest Fire brigades
Damkar
Pemadaman Kebakaran
Fire suppression
DAOPS
Daerah Operasi
Operational area
DR
Dana Reboisasi
Rehabilitation Fund
DIS
Kabupaten
District
Dishut
Dinas Kehutanan
Forestry Department
Dishutbun
Dinas Kehutanan dan
Perkebunan
Forestry and Estate Crop Department
Distan
Dins Pertanian
Agriculture Department
Disdik
Dinas Penedidikan
Education Department
Dislinkup Pertanian
Dinas-dinas pada lingkup
pertanian
Similar to Agriculture Departement
Distamben & LH
Dinas Pertambangan &
Lingungkan Hidup
Mining and Environment Department
DJ PHKA
Direktorat Jenderal Perlindungan
Hutan dan Konservasi Alam
Directorate General of Forest Protection
and Nature Conservation
Dinas Kesos
Dinas Kesejahteraan Sosial
Social Welfare Service
EU
Uni Eropa
European Union
FIS
Sistem Informasi Kebakaran
Fire Information System
Biro Hukum & Ortala
Dinas Pertanian Tanaman
Pangan
FMP
Fire Management Program/Plan
GTZ
German Technical Co-operation/
Gesellschaft für Technische
Zusammenarbeit
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Infokom
Informasi dan Komunikasi
Information and communication
Japanese International Cooperation
Agency
JICA
Kab.
Kabupaten
District
Kadishut
Kepala Dinas Kehutanan
Head of Forestry Department
Kalinmas
Kantor Lingkungan Masyarakat
Bureau for Civil Society Protection
Kec.
Kecamatan
Subdistrict
KesBangLinMas
Kesatuan Bangsa dan
Lingkungan Masyrakat
Agency for National Unity and Civil
Society Protection
MNLH
Kementrian Lingkungan Hidup
Ministry of Environment
KARHUT-LA
Kebakaran Hutan dan Lahan
Forest and Land Fire
KTNA
Kelompok Tani dan Nelayan
Andalan
Advance Farmers and Fishermen Group
LAPAN
Lembaga Antariksa dan
Penerbangan Nasional
Indonesian Space and Aviation Agency
LSM
Lembaga Swadaya Masyarakat
Non-Governmental Organisation
Menko Kesra
Menteri Koordinator
Kesejahteraan Rakyat
Coordinating Minister for People’s
Welfare
MoF
Departemen Kehutanan
Ministry of Forestry
MoU
Perjanjian Kerjasama
Memorandum of Understanding
ORMAS
Organisasi Masyarakat
Community cooperative
PBK
Regu Pemadam Kebakaran
Fire suppression crew
PDE
Pusat Data Electronic
Electronic data centre
POLDA
Polisi Daerah
Regional Police
POLRI
Kepolisian Negara Republik
Indonesia
National Indonesian Police
PPNS
Penyidik Pegawai Negri Sipil
Government Employee investigator
Prop
Propinsi
Province
PUSDALKARHUTLA
Pusat Pengendalian Kebakaran
Hutan dan Lahan
Forest and Land Fire
Control/Management Centre
PUSDALOPS
Pusat Pengendalian Operasional
Fire suppression Centre
Satgas
Satuan Tugas PBP
Task Force PBP
SATKORLAK PBP
Satuan Koordinasi Pelaksana
PBP
Implementation Coordination Unit PBP
SATLAK
Satuan Pelaksana PBP
Implementation Unit PBP
SATLAKDALKARHUTLA
Satuan Pelaksana Pengendalian
Kebakaran Hutan dan Lahan
PBP
Implementation Unit for Forest and Land
Fire Control
Kajadi
SSFFMP
South Sumatra Forest Fire Management
project
SOP
Standard Operating Procedures
Subdin
Sub Dinas
Subordinate Agency
TN
Taman National
National Park
TNI
Tentara Nasional Indonesia
National Indonesian Military
UPTD
Unit Pelaskana Teknik Daerah
Technical Implementation Unit
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Wil
Wilayah
Region
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Table of Contents
PREFACE.......................................................................................................................... ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................................................. iii
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.............................................................................................. iv
RINGKASAN (Indonesian Summary).............................................................................. v
ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ........................................................................ vi
1 OBJECTIVE OF THE MISSION .............................................................................. 1
2 WORK APPROACH ................................................................................................... 2
3 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................ 3
4 SUMMARY OF THE RESULTS FOR THE COUNTERPART ............................ 4
4.1 Current laws and regulations for fire management in Indonesia and South Sumatra. 4
4.2 Draft fire management master plan for interagency fire management ....................... 4
4.2.1 Readiness level determination ....................................................................... 4
4.3 Draft budget plan for the fire management activities.................................................. 4
4.4 Draft institutional structure for fire management in South Sumatra........................... 4
5 OVERALL CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS .................................. 7
5.1 Main recommendation................................................................................................. 9
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List of Appendices
Appendix 1
Appendix 2
Appendix 3
Appendix 4
Appendix 5
Appendix 6
Appendix 7
Terms of References .......................................................................................................................................... 10
Determination of Readiness levels ..................................................................................................................... 13
Laws and Regulations ........................................................................................................................................ 26
Draft Fire Management Master Plan (English) ..................................................................................................29
Draft Fire Management Master Plan (Indonesian) ............................................................................................. 30
Draft Fire Management Budget Plan ................................................................................................................. 31
Current Fire Management Structures in Indonesia............................................................................................. 32
List of Tables
Table 1:
Table 2:
Table 3:
Table 4:
Table 5:
Table 6:
Tingkat Bahaya Kebakaran .............................................................................................................................. 16
Ramalan Cuaca Kota Samarinda...................................................................................................................... 17
Tabel ringkasan buletin mingguan ................................................................................................................... 22
Elemen-elemen Tingkat Kesiagaan dan Tabel evaluasinya ............................................................................. 22
Penentuan Tingkat Kesiagaan .......................................................................................................................... 23
Panduan Evaluasi Elemen-elemen Tingkat Kesiagaan..................................................................................... 23
List of Figures
Figure 1:
Figure 2:
Proposal 1 for institutional structure for fire management in South Sumatra .................................................... 5
Proposal 2 for institutional structure for fire management in South Sumatra .................................................... 6
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Institutional Development for Integrated Fire Management in SumSel – Part II –
December 2004
1 Objective of the mission
The South Sumatra Forest Fire Management Project is a co-operation
project between the Government of Indonesia and the European Union. It
aims to:
Aid and facilitate the establishment of a coordinated system of fire
management at the province, district, sub-district, and village level
throughout South Sumatra in which the local communities, private sector
companies and government agencies work together to reduce negative
impact of fires on the natural and social environment.
In this context the third mission on Institutional Development for
Integrated Fire Management in South Sumatra aimed to draft a Fire
Management master plan delineating the main functions and objectives of
fire management elements with regard to the respective implementing
agencies in South Sumatra. In addition the necessary activities and budget
needs for Integrated Fire Management are outlined in relation to fire
preparedness/readiness levels. The document drafted intends to provide
references and guidance for consistent Integrated Fire Management
practices of and amongst the governmental and other agencies playing a
role in fire management. It shall be the agency’s basis for compatible fire
management planning processes, funding mechanisms, training and
qualification requirements, operational procedures, and public education
and awareness programs. By accomplishing this draft fire management
master plan, roles and responsibilities among involved parties are further
clarified. The listed detailed activities to be carried out will assist to submit
more successful fire management programs and hence budget proposals by
the respective agencies to the local government.
Based on this master plan capacity building measures for the respective
agencies can be tailored and implemented in order to help them to carry
out their tasks.
Readers of report III are encouraged to read also report I & II of
“Institutional Development for Fire management in South Sumatra” as
well as report on “A Fire Information System for South Sumatra:
Stakeholder Analysis and Draft concepts”.
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December 2004
2 Work approach
The approach was to draft a fire management master plan for South
Sumatra based on the existing legislations and the national legal framework
given. By incorporating known regulations, examples, knowledge,
references and guidelines existing in Indonesia and elsewhere the
document is not a static one but should be reviewed annually and updated
as needed by management teams once a year to review policies, roles,
responsibilities and delegation of authorities. Almost all reference,
guidelines and handbooks are available in Indonesian language and
available at the SSFFM Project.
According to the five functional elements of fire management such as
analysis and information, prevention, preparedness, response and
rehabilitation main tasks were formulated and further broken down to
main activities to be carried out following Readiness levels (Normal, I-III).
Readiness level determination follows the existing guidelines from East
Kalimantan (see Appendix 2). Additionally, based on given examples and
experiences budgets proposal for the functional elements and related
activities have been made.
The overall fire management master plan or concept intends to guide on
how, when and who is to be involved and mobilized at what stage of fire
danger associated with the needed routine budget.
The master plan has been presented to the relevant provincial and district
audience. Comments and inputs so far provided during this presentation
have been included. Furthermore the master plan has been presented and
discussed with the Directorate of Forest Fire Control of the Ministry of
Forestry in Jakarta; comments and inputs have been included. Hardcopy
and softcopy of the master plan have also been handed over to Ministry of
Environment and its division for Land and Forest Fires (schedules for a
presentation could unfortunately not arranged). Comments wanted to be
send to SSFFMP directly.
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December 2004
3 Introduction
Fire management is a structured way/are activities concerned with the
protection of people, property and land/forest areas from unwanted fires
and concerned with the use of fire as a tool for the attainment of land
management objectives; all conducted in a manner that considers
environmental, social and economic criteria. Fire management activities
that are planning, preparedness, prevention, suppression, fire use,
restoration and rehabilitation, law enforcement and prosecution,
monitoring, research, and education will be conducted on an interagency
basis with the involvement of co-operators and partners.
The given fire problem in Indonesia (underlying fire causes and
motivations for fires to be started) require a comprehensive approach of
fire management including the main elements (see Report on Institutional
Development part I & II). The desirable success of such a comprehensive
fire management concept requires the active involvement of other
important governmental land management agencies, the private sector, and
the local communities. Ideally each land manager and land management
agency and others concerned with fire need to have a Fire Management
Plan (FMP) being a strategic plan that defines programs to manage fire.
The FMP must provide for prevention workers and fire-fighter and public
safety and includes therefore fire management strategies, tactics,
communication plans, addresses values to be protected and public health
issues as well as rehabilitation measures. It must be consistent with
resources management objectives and environmental laws and regulations. 
In this context interagency cooperation is vital in attaining fire
management program objectives. The ability of a single agency to
implement Fire Management Programs/Plans is limited without
coordination and assistance from other organisations. Interagency
cooperation and coordination of shared resources and common activities is
imperative at all organisational levels. An understanding of the roles each
agency has at each level is necessary to maximise the benefits of
interagency coordination and ensure the fulfilment of agency responsibility.
The provided draft fire management master plan aims towards an
interagency fire management approach outlining major tasks and activities
of involved agents and it is its first kind in Indonesia.
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December 2004
4 Summary of the results for the counterpart
4.1
Current laws and regulations for fire management in Indonesia and South
Sumatra
See appendix 3
4.2
Draft fire management master plan for interagency fire management
See appendix 4 (English version) & appendix 5 (Indonesian version)
4.2.1
Readiness level determination
See appendix 2 and SSFFMP report January 2005 on “A Fire Information
System for South Sumatra: Stakeholder Analysis and Draft concepts” by
A.A. Hoffmann.
4.3
Draft budget plan for the fire management activities
See appendix 6
4.4
Draft institutional structure for fire management in South Sumatra
There are currently two proposals for an institutional structure for fire
management existing in South Sumatra. Both proposals are based under
the already known framework of the so called “Pusat Pengendalian
Kebakaran Hutan dan Lahan” –PUSDALKARHUTLA (Forest and Land
Fire Control/Management Centre) generally involving the relevant sectors
but previously missing a comprehensive strategy and related Fire
Management Plans/Programs.
Proposal 1 (Figure 1) is the result of ongoing discussions between the
main agents for fire management in South Sumatra that are the Forestry,
Environmental, Estate Crop Services and the Disaster Management
Service. It foresees four sections that are Fire Monitoring, Information and
Law Enforcement under the coordination of the Environmental Service,
Fire Prevention and Suppression under the coordination of the Forestry
Service, Rehabilitation under the coordination of Estate Crop Service and a
Secretariat under the coordination of the Forestry Service or Disaster
Management Service. The main supporting agencies for each section are
given below (for abbreviation and acronyms see list).
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December 2004
Figure 1:
Sumatra
Proposal 1 for institutional structure for fire management in South
Proposal 2 (Figure 2) has been submitted by the Provincial Forestry
Service. It foresees fives sections that are Fire Monitoring and Information,
Fire Prevention and Suppression, Rehabilitation and Law Enforcement. All
is under the coordination of the Fire Control section of the Forestry
Service of South Sumatra. Supporting agencies and organisations are given
below.
Appendix 7 shows all currently in Indonesia existing fire management
structures. For the abbreviations & acronyms see list. For further
descriptions see Report I & II by A.A. Hoffmann.
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December 2004
Figure 2:
Sumatra
Proposal 2 for institutional structure for fire management in South
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December 2004
5 Overall conclusion and recommendations
The master plan has to be seen as a first draft and does not claim to be the
final version. The master plan has been drafted with best knowledge and
practise considering existing material and experience in and also outside
Indonesia. SSFFMP should initiate and facilitate the constant review in
consultation and cooperation with the mentioned parties to continue the
clarification of tasks and more importantly the activities to be carried out in
such an interagency framework. Management teams of mentioned agencies
need to meet regularly in order to review fire policies, roles, responsibilities and
delegation of authorities for instant fire operation activities in case of fires.
The same is true for the related budget plan. The budget plan is mainly based
on experiences from the fire management agency of East Kalimantan; it is not
yet complete and must be changed to the conditions in South Sumatra. Its
completion is only realistic if related institutions, their knowledge and work
input are involved. Budget resources for fire management activities can be:
Local Income Budget Expenses (APBD - Anggaran Belanaja Pendapatan
Daerah), National Income Budget Expenses (APBN - Anggaran Belanja
Pendapatan Nasional), Forest Rehabilitation Fund (DR - Dana Reboisasi) and
in case of fire emergency situations ”On Call” budget from the National
Disaster Management Board.
There are still major gaps in both plans mainly related to aspects of
rehabilitation, since experiences in this field are limited. Furthermore
prevention measures and activities of the Agriculture Service are only
fragmentarily covered.
The plans shall provide a basis to arrange the Fire Management
Plans/Programs (FMP) and the related budget in accordance with given tasks
and functions necessary for successful fire management. It is inevitable that all
involved land and environmental agencies have their own, however integrated,
Fire Management Plans/Programs and that necessary budget needs to be
provided for them. With this understanding it is furthermore essential to
facilitate and advise the dialogue of the Planning Agency (Bappeda) and the
land and environmental agencies related to local Provincial budget (APBD)
and specific sector-related national finance services (ABPN and DR) for the
Provincial Forest Services. The Planning Agency needs to recognize the fact
that fire management activities have to be carried out on an interagency basis,
thus approving integrated programs of the involved agency and ensuring
budget.
The institutional structure currently aligned will only be functional if the
agencies involved have a clear understanding of each agency’s role at each
administrative level. Therefore, the draft master and budget plan provide
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December 2004
guidance and serve as a discussion basis for further refinement of this
structure. Moreover, not only the individual roles have to be understood but
also the pattern of agency cooperation such as using compatible planning
processes, funding mechanisms, training and qualification requirements as well
as operational procedures. Cooperation amongst agencies and other partners is
a must, since the ability of a single agency to implement successful fire
management is limited and especially in the important field of fire prevention
and public education programs. In this case agreements, integrated annual
operation plans and contracts as well as interagency mobilisation on an
interagency basis are required. Guidance for these aspects can be found in the
“Interagency Standards for Fire and Fire Aviation 2003” of the National
Interagency Fire Centre of the United States (available at project site).
In addition the institutional structure currently discussed must consider the
basis of the authority level, at which it wants to operate. It will only be limited
use, if the new structure has no policy and law enforcement authority, hence
falling back to the “toothless tiger” of the fire management structure of the
previous years such as PUSDALKARHUTLA. In this context the structural
name of PUSDALKARHUTLA can be both an advantage and disadvantage.
In the past and still until today people are associating PUSDALKARHUTLA
with a fire management structure, however also associating with it an
inefficient and “talk only” structure. Whereas inefficiency of this structure is
not a matter of names but rather a matter of the chronically diseases in
Indonesia: little sense of collaboration and cooperation paired with egosectoral thinking and corruption. Providing a new name for the South Sumatra
fire management structure could bear also the change to overcome old
prejudices.
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December 2004
5.1
Main recommendation

Recommendations made in report I & II are still valid.

The plans need further discussion and refinement for operational use.
Therefore SSSFMP should initiate and facilitate the constant review of the
master and budget plan on individual agency basis but also on interagency
basis at all administrative levels (national, provincial and district). For this
purpose facilitate and organise workshops/work meetings with the
management and operational teams of the agencies mentioned in the master
plan. The result should be that agencies acknowledge ownership and
responsibility and ensure incorporation of the master plan into their daily
business.

Initiate, facilitate, monitor and advise the dialogue between the Planning
Agency and the Land and Environmental Services with regard to successful
submission of budget proposals for their Fire Management Programs/Plans.
In this respect the institutionalisation (Governor and Parliament approval) of
a fire management structure based on a solid understanding of the fire
management functions will be a first step to ensure routine fire management
budget.

With regard to the establishment of the “Fire Brigades” (Manggala Agni – see
Report I) in South Sumatra SSFFMP initiate and facilitate workshops and
meetings between the National and Provincial representatives of the
“Manggala Agni” Fire Brigades and the local fire management stakeholders.
This shall further stimulate the multi-stakeholder and interagency fire
management approach. It shall furthermore ensure that the “Manggala Agni”
Fire Brigades are well embedded in the existing and currently developing fire
management structures and plans of the provincial fie management agents.
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December 2004
Appendix 1
Terms of References
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December 2004
Terms of Reference / Work approach
For International Short-term Institutional Development
Draft a Fire Management Master Plan for South Sumatra, assigning
functions and responsibilities to relevant institutions
Background:

Fire history in South-Sumatra and SSFFMP goals.

The EU program in Indonesia.

Earlier institutional analysis studies

Known and available laws, regulations and guidelines
Main Tasks:

Draft a fire management master plan guided by the experiences from East Kalimantan and the
Riau set up.

The Master plan should contain:
1. Relevant institutions
2. Responsibilities of the institutions based on laws
3. Tasks of these institutions to fulfil the requirements and to add to a comprehensive fire
management
4. A matrix containing all activities to be performed and assigned to the institutions
5. Minimum personnel, infrastructure and equipment needs
6. Yearly monitoring and respective fine-tuning for the plan
7. Estimates of costs for the FM set up per year and major institutions
8. Indicate coordination aspects and requirements between the Centre and the Sub –
Centres at district level
9. Develop standard operating procedures for the various readiness levels at provincial and
district level taking into account existing parts or components from MoF or earlier projects
10. Define necessary steps for the integration and future co-ordination with the to be
established “Manggala Agni” Fire Brigade(s) in South Sumatra.
11. Provide recommendations for the implementation of the guidelines
12. Socialise the draft to the stakeholders via a seminar at the end of the assignment
Duration and Time:



The International expert shall cover the tasks within two-person month (2PM).
Main task No. 7 of Master plan shall be supported by a local expert (1/2 PM) covered by the
International Expert’s contract.
The assignment should start end of February 2005 and be finished before end of May 2005.
Results and Outputs of the Assignment:

Main stakeholders of South Sumatra have clear assigned functions and responsibilities

Type of activities for an integrated fire management are defined within a matrix and estimates
are provided on required funding.
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December 2004

The establishment of the “Manggala Agni” fire brigade in South Sumatra is integrated and
being supported.

Recommendations are available to further fine tune the set up

The set up is socialised and receives the support of the provincial government
Deliverables / Reporting Requirements:

The consultant will submit a draft report, comprising the major findings and recommendations
and according to the format which will be agreed upon with the Teamleader, to the SSFFMP
Project Management Unit (PMU) / Teamleader in electronic and printed version during the
final week of the consultancy visit. The draft report will be discussed with the PMU prior to the
end of the consultancy visit.

A final report in electronic and printed version, incorporating comments from the PMU, will be
submitted to the PMU, within two weeks after receipt of such comments. Additionally, Time
Sheets will be submitted to PMU together with the final report.

An electronic and printed version of the final report and a printed version of the time-sheets
will be submitted together with the final invoice to Michaela Haaser, GTZ IS Eschborn.
Profile:

He/she should have a master degree in natural resource science with experience in tropical
fire management and its related issues. Additional experience in organizing and facilitating
seminars, workshops and presentations as well as multi-stakeholder processes.

The expert must have a thorough knowledge and understanding of the existing fire
management concept and activities ongoing in Indonesia including the Indonesian government
activities as well as other (donor-supported) fire projects. Additional knowledge and
understanding of the Indonesian decentralisation processes is desirable.

The expert must have excellent interpersonal, professional and diplomatic skills, a clear
understanding of the advisory role in a technical cooperation project and should be used to
acting in the role of mentor and trainer.

The expert should be able to work productively with a broad range of professional
counterparts, including governmental and non-governmental organizations, EU officials.

Outstanding writing skill is required with the ability to meet deadlines, and provide concise
report.

Written and oral fluency in English is required, and understand Indonesian language is
desirable.

Basic computer skills.
Experience:

A minimum ten (10) years of professional work experience, including at least five (5) years in
Asian, in the content of the tasks and responsibilities as described above.

Experience in integrating tropical fire management issues into all aspects of project planning.

Proven ability to work effectively in a team environment and productively work to achieve
results.

A good understanding of technical cooperation, society, government in Indonesia is desirable.

Familiarity and experience with EU systems is desirable.
- 12 -
December 2004
Appendix 2
Determination of Readiness levels
- 13 -
December 2004
PENENTUAN KRITERIA SIAGA KEBAKARAN
HUTAN DAN LAHAN
PROPINSI KALIMANTAN TIMUR
PENDAHULUAN
1. Latar Belakang
Tingkat kesiagaan menggambarkan kondisi kewaspadaan dan persiapan dari organisasi
pengelola kebakaran hutan dan lahan. Hasil dari perhitungan tingkat siaga ini yang kemudian
dijadikan sebagai landasan kegiatan oleh setiap pihak yang terkait untuk dapat melakukan
kegiatan sesuai dengan prosedur yang telah ditetapkan dalam upaya pengendalian kebakaran
hutan dan lahan.
Sejak kejadian kebakaran hutan dan lahan tahun 1982 sampai dengan tahun 1997 secara
umum Indonesia belum memiliki kriteria penentuan siaga dalam kebakaran hutan dan lahan,
penentuan siaga lebih banyak ditinjau dari segi politis bukan berdasarkan pada elemen-elemen
perubahan lingkungan yang sedang terjadi.
Keadaan ini diperburuk lagi dengan tidak
adanya tindak lanjut yang jelas dengan
penentuan siaga yang diberlakukan, pemberitahuan siaga hanya bersifat pengumuman yang
setiap pihak harus waspada terhadap bahaya yang mengancam, sehingga opini yang ada dalam
masyarakat dengan penentuan Siaga II atau I akan datang ancaman yang tidak dapat
dikendalikan lagi, hal ini karena tidak ada acuan yang jelas untuk melakukan tindakan apa yang
harus dilakukan oleh instansi terkait bila ditentukan Siaga II atau Siaga I, sehingga bahaya atau
ancaman tidak dapat dicegah dan ditangani sedini mungkin.
2. Tujuan
Penentuan tingkat Siaga dalam kebakaran hutan dan lahan merupakan suatu upaya untuk
memberikan informasi kepada seluruh masyarakat dan instansi yang terkait mengenai beberapa
hal :
a.
Perubahan cuaca kearah yang semakin mengkhawatirkan akan terjadinya kebakaran hutan dan
lahan.
b.
Perkembangan perubahan kondisi lingkungan akibat musim panas yang berkepanjangan.
- 14 -
December 2004
c.
Langkah-langkah yang harus dilakukan dalam upaya pengendalian kebakaran hutan dan lahan.
DASAR-DASAR KRITERIA
Penentuan tingkat Siaga kebakaran hutan dan lahan ditentukan oleh beberapa elemen yang
dikumpulkan dan kemudian diolah untuk menentukan tingkat Siaga sesuai dengan kondisi yang
sedang terjadi, pembagian tingkatan ini dimulai dari kondisi Normal, Siaga III, II dan I.
Untuk mendapatkan hasil ini maka elemen-elemen yang dijadikan dasar adalah:
Tingkat Bahaya Kebakaran atau Fire Danger Rating (FDR)
Satu aspek yang sangat penting untuk mencegah bencana kebakaran di masa yang akan datang
adalah tingkat kesadaran yang dapat diperoleh dengan adanya suatu sistem peringatan dini seperti
Sistem Penilaian Tingkat Bahaya Kebakaran (Fire Danger Rating System-FDRS).
Sistem Penilaian Tingkat Bahaya Kebakaran menunjukkan bahaya kebakaran atau tingkat
kekeringan dari suatu keragaman kondisi alam secara meteorologis. Sistem ini dimaksudkan
untuk menilai bahaya kebakaran dengan cara yang mudah tanpa dibutuhkan banyak dana dan
keahlian teknik, serta harus dapat diadaptasikan dengan mudah terhadap kondisi alam
Kalimantan.
1.
Kecepatan hilangnya kelembaban di kawasan hutan tergantung kepada tingginya
penguapan vegetasi. Selanjutnya besarnya penguapan vegetasi disesuaikan dengan nilai
rata-rata curah hujan tahunan. Jumlah dan karakter vegetasi telah dikembangkan untuk
menentukan nilai KBDI (Keetch-Byram Drought Index) dengan menggunakan sebagian
besar unsur kelembaban tanah yang tersedia.
2.
Kecepatan hilangnya kelembaban tanah ditentukan oleh evapotranspirasi dan
kandungan kelembaban tanah. Hubungan ini paling baik bila ditaksir dari fungsi
eksponensialnya yang semakin menurun di mana hilangnya kelembaban potensial
merupakan fungsi dari nilai rata-rata hujan tahunan.
3.
Kedalaman lapisan tanah yang dipengaruhi oleh kekeringan yang serius yang
mempengaruhi hutan dan daya hangus tanah organik memiliki kapasitas lapang delapan
inch (203 mm).
Disamping asumsi-asumsi di atas serta metode perhitungan yang sangat sederhana, karena
hanya memerlukan tiga variabel untuk menghitung nilai tingkat bahaya kebakaran dan semuanya
tersedia di stasiun pengamat cuaca (Badan Meteorologi ) setempat, yaitu:
- 15 -
December 2004
1. Rata-rata tertinggi curah hujan tahunan dari stasiun cuaca setempat/lokal.
2. Suhu maksimum hari ini
3. Curah hujan harian
WEIDEMANN (1999) dalam Interim Report 1998-1999 IFFM-Dephut/gtz memberikan deskripsi
dari grafik Indeks Kekeringan Keetch-Byram dalam tiga kelas, yaitu: RENDAH (0-999),
SEDANG (1000-1499) dan TINGGI (1500-2000).
Dalam perkembangan selanjutnya, sehubungan dengan disusunnya satu Prosedur Standar
Operasional/SOP (Standard Operating Procedure) bersama dengan divisi terkait (Opersional dan
Pencegahan), interpretasi dari grafik Indeks Kekeringan Keetch-Byram mengalami perubahan.
Perubahan terhadap tingkat bahaya kebakaran tersebut dimaksudkan untuk mengantisipasi
kondisi kekeringan pada tingkat di atas 1750, sehingga dibentuk satu tingkat baru yaitu tingkat
EKSTRIM, dengan rentang kelas indeks bahaya kebakaran 1750-2000.
Dengan demikian nilai indeks yang dihasilkan dari perhitungan dengan menggunakan formula
Indeks Kekeringan Keetch-Byram dibagi dalam empat tingkat bahaya kebakaran, seperti pada tabel
berikut:
Table 1:
Tingkat Bahaya Kebakaran
Skala Numerik
Skala Sifat
0-999
Rendah
1000-1499
Sedang
1500-1749
Tinggi
1750-2000
Ekstrim
Skala yang berbeda menunjukkan tingkat kekeringan dari bahan bakar yang tersedia (DEEMING,
1995). Sebagai contoh, jika Indeks Kekeringan Keetch-Byram
menunjukkan nilai 0, ini
mendeskripsikan kondisi tanah yang penuh dengan air (lembab), dalam kondisi ini tanaman dapat
tumbuh dengan baik. Sementara bila Indeks Kekeringan Keetch-Byram menunjukkan nilai 2000,
ini mendeskripsikan sama sekali tidak ada kelembaban tanah, sehingga bila tanah kering tentunya
tidak ada daya dukung yang cukup untuk menumbuhkan tanaman diatasnya. Pada kondisi tanah
dan vegetasi kering, menyebabkan tersedianya bahan bakar menjadi lebih besar.
- 16 -
December 2004
Seperti telah ditunjukkan pada Tabel 1 diatas, bahwa Indeks Kekeringan Keetch-Byram
dapat ditampilkan dengan dua cara, yaitu dengan skala numerik dan skala sifat. Pada
perkembangan selanjutnya, skala sifat merupakan dasar dalam penyusunan prosedur standar
operasional (SOP) untuk penanggulangan kebakaran hutan dan lahan.
Sistem ini juga telah dikembangkan di beberapa daerah lain seperti di daerah Sumatera Selatan
melalui proyek Uni-Eropa, di beberapa lokasi di Indonesia dilakukan oleh JICA-Jepang, serta negara
tetangga seperti di Sabah (Malaysia) dan Australia. Informasi yang lain sehubungan dengan sistem
penilaian tingkat bahaya kebakaran dan sistem informasi kebakaran untuk Propinsi Kalimantan Timur
dapat dilihat pada situs IFFM-Dephut/gtz atau UPTD.PKHL: http://www.iffm.org dan situs ASEAN
Fire Weather Information System: http://fms.nofc.cfs.nrcan.gc.ca/asean/.
Berdasarkan pengalaman masing-masing daerah dan beberapa negara tetangga dapat
disimpulkan secara keseluruhan, bahwa
sistem penilaian tingkat bahaya kebakaran yang
dikembangkan atas dasar Indeks Kekeringan Keetch-Byram ini telah memiliki keakuratan yang
cukup baik.
Prakiraan Cuaca
Data prakiraan cuaca dapat diperoleh dari situs internet http://www.accuweather.com yang
berbasis di Amerika, situs ini memuat informasi selama lima hari kedepan tentang cuaca di beberapa
kota di Indonesia , termasuk Kalimantan Timur.
Data yang dapat diperoleh berupa :
a. Penutupan awan
b. Temperatur
c. Hari Hujan
Table 2:
Ramalan Cuaca Kota Samarinda
Wednesday
Cloudy with a stray t-storm.
High 32° C / RealFeel[TM] 39. Max. UV 4.
Thursday
A brief shower or two early.
High 32° C / RF 39° C. Low 24° C / RF 28° C. Max. UV 4.
Friday
T-storms.
Saturday
Mostly cloudy and very humid.
- 17 -
December 2004
Sunday
T-shower.
Monday
Mostly cloudy and very humid.
Tuesday
A couple of thunderstorms late.
Gambar 3 : Ramalan Cuaca Kota Samarinda Tgl. 22 s.d 28 Januari 2003
Titik Panas (Hot Spot)
Hotspot secara harfiah dapat diartikan sebagai “titik panas”. Namun pada kenyataannya, hot spot
dapat mengindikasikan lokasi kebakaran vegetasi yang terpantau oleh satelit NOAA-AVHRR (National
Oceanic Atmospheric Administration – Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer) milik Amerika
Serikat.
Data hotspot dihasilkan dari pengolahan citra satelit NOAA-AVHRR yang dilakukan di stasiunstasiun penerima data satelit NOAA-AVHRR, dimana di Indonesia sendiri terdapat beberapa stasiun
yang tersebar di beberapa propinsi, antara lain di Palembang – Sumatera Selatan, Jakarta, Bogor – Jawa
Barat, Samarinda – Kalimantan Timur.
Hasil dari pengolahan citra tersebut berbentuk titik-titik
koordinat yang kemudian dapat ditampilkan berupa peta yang dilengkapi dengan informasi lainnya
seperti sungai, batas administratif, lokasi pemukiman, batas penggunaan lahan dan lain sebagainya
dengan menggunakan teknologi Sistem Informasi Geografi (SIG).
Data hotspot tidak dapat digunakan untuk memberikan informasi mengenai jumlah, ukuran dan
intensitas kebakaran serta seberapa luas area yang terbakar (Malingerau, 1990), karena resolusi citranya
yang kasar (1 pixel = 1,1 km2), disamping itu proses deteksi kebakarannya berdasarkan pada
pengukuran temperatur permukaan bumi yang menggunakan sensor optis satelit. Sensor satelit ini
tidak dapat menembus awan dan asap tebal, sehingga tidak ada informasi untuk area yang tertutup awan
dan asap. Sebuah pixel kebakaran atau hot spot memiliki area tetap seluas 1,1 km2. Hal tersebut
mengindikasikan bahwa terdapat satu atau lebih kebakaran di dalam area tersebut (Hoffmann dkk.,
1999). Adapun keakuratan koordinat hotspot tergantung pada beberapa faktor, antara lain: kualitas
citra yang digunakan, keakuratan registrasi citra, alogaritma yang dipakai, pengalaman
operator, serta temperatur ambang batas yang digunakan.
Sejauh ini pengalaman IFFM-
GTZ/UPTD PKHL yang mengelola stasiun penerima satelit NOAA di Samarinda, keakuratan data
hotspot cukup memuaskan dan jarak toleransi antara titik koordinat hotspot yang terdeteksi dan lokasi
kebakaran vegetasi di lapangan berada dalam radius 500 m dan terjauh yang pernah terjadi adalah
sekitar 3 km.
- 18 -
December 2004
Data hotspot sangat berguna untuk memonitor dan memberikan informasi untuk melakukan
pemadaman awal dalam penanggulangan kebakaran, karena data hotspot tersedia secara real-time setiap
harinya dan mencakup area yang cukup luas pada permukaan bumi, disamping itu juga dapat digunakan
untuk menganalisis kronologis penyebaran atau penjalaran api.
Sejak bulan April 1996 IFFM-Dephut/GTZ yang dilanjutkan oleh UPTD PKHL telah
menerima citra dari Satelit NOAA 12 dan NOAA 14 sebanyak empat kali dalam sehari diatas
pulau Kalimantan. Satelit-satelit NOAA mencakup area permukaan bumi selebar 2.700 km
dari ketinggian kurang lebih 860 km dan memiliki resolusi medan 1,1 km2 (ukuran pixel).
Satelit-satelit ini memiliki sensor AVHRR (Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer),
sebuah radiometer pemantauan dengan lima saluran yang masing-masing memiliki
karakteristik spektral yang berbeda (tampak, infra merah dekat, tengah dan jauh). Di Kantor
UPTD PKHL, tampilan dan analisis kuantitatif citra satelit AVHRR dilakukan dengan
perangkat lunak Sea Scan STARS (Satelite Analysis and Reaserch System). Data AVHRR
diterima oleh sistem penerimaan HRPT (High Resolution Picture System) yang disediakan oleh
Sea Scan dan dirakit oleh Sistem Satelit Dundee (WANNAMAKER, 1996). Proses geografis
lebih jauh dilakukan dengan Sistem Tampilan dan Analisa Geografis (Geographic Analysis
Display System) dan Arc View 3.2.
Dengan tingkat pengulangannya yang tinggi NOAA-AVHRR memiliki kemampuan
untuk mendeteksi aktifitas kebakaran High Temperature Event (HTE) atau hot spot
berdasarkan pengukuran temperatur pada waktu sebenarnya.
Kondisi asap/kabut
Kondisi asap dan kabut yang mempengaruhi jarak pandang penerbangan atau secara umum dapat
mengganggu lalu lintas transportasi baik darat, laut dan udara dapat diperoleh melalui situs internet
http://www.nofc.forestry.ca/fire/asean/ dan http://www.gov.sg/metsin.
Beberapa informasi dari situs ini yang dapat diperoleh adalah :
a. Sebaran Kabut Asap
b. Temperatur udara
c. Kelembaban relatif
d. Durasi sejak turun hujan
e. Arah dan kecepatan angin
f. Jarak Pandang
g. Gejala El-Nino
- 19 -
December 2004
Perkembangan kondisi ini dapat diperoleh setiap hari yang kemudian diproses atau
dianalisis sebagai data pendukung.
Aktivitas Kebakaran
Aktivitas kebakaran merupakan upaya penanggulangan kebakaran hutan dan lahan yang
dilakukan oleh Instansi yang berwenang, pengguna lahan dan masyarakat.
Untuk mendapatkan informasi aktivitas kebakaran yang terjadi di seluruh Kalimantan
Timur, UPTD PKHL telah membuat kesepakatan dengan seluruh Dinas Kehutanan Kabupaten
dan Kota untuk melaporkan kejadian kebakaran setiap minggu secara rutin. Informasi lain di
dapat dari para pengguna lahan seperti HPH, HPHTI dan Perkebunan. Informasi aktivitas
kebakaran ini kemudian digunakan untuk mendukung perhitungan Tingkat Siaga baik secara
umum atau regional daerah masing-masing.
Sumberdaya Pemadaman Kebakaran Hutan
Elemen/unsur ketersediaan sumberdaya (personil dan peralatan) kebakaran hutan di
lapangan juga dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu elemen tambahan untuk menentukan tingkat
kesiagaan suatu daerah.
Elemen ini masih sulit diterapkan di Kalimantan Timur, karena di
setiap daerah belum memiliki organisasi yang jelas dan belum dilengkapi dengan Standar
Prosedur Operasi.
PERHITUNGAN TINGKAT SIAGA
Seksi Monitoring dan Evaluasi UPTD PKHL mengumpulkan data mengenai elemen-elemen
Kriteria Siaga tersebut di atas. Setiap minggu, masing-masing Seksi (Monev, Pencegahan dan
Operasional) mengevaluasi dan menganalisis elemen-elemen tersebut untuk memperhitungkan dan
memprakirakan situasi dan kondisi
status
Siaga Kebakaran untuk minggu berikutnya pada
kabupaten/kota di Kalimantan Timur antara lain :
Kabupaten Nunukan
Kabupaten Bulungan
Kota Tarakan
Kabupaten Berau
Kota Samarinda
Kota Balikpapan
- 20 -
December 2004
Sementara ini kabupaten/kota lain masih belum memiliki stasiun pengamat cuaca yang
berhubungan dengan Badan Meteorologi dan Geofisika (BMG) Balikpapan, sehingga
kabupaten/kota tersebut belum dapat dihitung tingkat kesiagaannya.
Berikut ini adalah proses menganalisis Tingkat Kesiagaan :
1. Mengevaluasi dan mengolah seluruh informasi dan laporan kebakaran hutan dan lahan mingguan dari
kabupaten/kota.
2. Menghimpun data prakiraan cuaca, kondisi kabut asap, arah angin, hari hujan, temperatur, kelembaban,
hot spot dan FDR, kemudian ditampilkan dalam Tabel 1.
3. Data dan informasi tersebut diolah menjadi data kuantitatif dan dimasukkan dalam Tabel 2 skoring
tingkat kesiagaan.
4. Skoring dalam Tabel 2 tersebut dijumlahkan sehingga diperoleh nilai kriteria tingkat kesiagaan dalam
empat kriteria yaitu :
a. Normal
b. Siaga Tiga
c. Siaga Dua
d. Siaga Satu
5. Menentukan Tingkat Kesiagaan yang sesuai dengan Tabel 3.
6. Memasukkan Tingkat Kesiagaan pada laporan Situasi Kebakaran Mingguan dan menentukan tindakan
yang perlu dilakukan sesuai dengan Prosedur Standar Operasi.
Dalam pengisian setiap tabel mengacu kepada Panduan Evaluasi Elemen-elemen Kesiagaan
sebagai mana tercantum dalam Tabel 4.
- 21 -
December 2004
Table 3:
Tabel ringkasan buletin mingguan
Tabel Ringkasan
Wilayah
FDR
Samarinda
Tinggi
Balikpapan
Rendah
Tanjung
Redeb/Berau
Ekstrim
TanjungSelor/
Bulungan
Menengah
Hot
spot
Laporan
dari
Kabupaten
Tidak
Terde
teksi
Tidak
Terde
teksi
11
Tidak ada
aktifitas
Berawan, cerah,
hangat dan
lembab
Tidak ada
aktifitas
Berawan, cerah,
hangat dan
lembab
Tidak ada
aktifitas
Tidak ada
aktifitas
Berawan, cerah,
hangat dan
lembab
Berawan, hangat
dan lembab
Tidak ada
aktifitas
Berawan, hangat
dan lembab
Tarakan
Rendah
Nunukan
Rendah
Tidak
Terde
teksi
Tidak
Terde
teksi
7
Kutai Timur
/Sangatta
Kutai
Kertanegara/
Tengah
Kutai
Barat/Melak
Malinau
-
9
-
10
-
7
-
Pasir
-
Tidak
Terde
teksi
11
Bontang
-
6
Rata-rata 6
Wilayah
Table 4:
Rendah
61
Ramalan
Cuaca
Tidak ada
aktifitas
Tidak ada
aktifitas
Tidak ada
aktifitas
-
Tidak ada
aktifitas
Tidak ada
laporan
-
Tidak ada
aktifitas
Tidak ada
aktifitas
-
Tingkat Siaga
N
3
2
1
Catatan
-
-
Berawan, cerah,
hangat dan
lembab
-
Elemen-elemen Tingkat Kesiagaan dan Tabel evaluasinya
Elemen
Rendah
Menegah
Tinggi
Ekstrim
(Skor 1)
(Skor 2)
(Skor 3)
(Skor 4)
1. Peringkat Bahaya Kebakaran
X
2. Ramalan Cuaca
X
3. Hot spot NOAA
X
4. Kondisi Asap/Kabut
X
5. Aktivitas Kebakaran di Kabupaten
X
- 22 -
December 2004
Sub-Total Skor
Table 5:
= 9
El Nino? (Ya +1, Tidak +0)
=
1
Total Skor
=
10
Penentuan Tingkat Kesiagaan
Tingkat Kesiagaan
Penggolongan Total Skor
I
II
III
Normal
(16 +)
(12-15)
(8-11)
(<8)
Total Skor Saat ini
Table 6:
X
Panduan Evaluasi Elemen-elemen Tingkat Kesiagaan
Elemen
Rendah
(Skor 1)
Menengah
(Skor 2)
Tinggi
(Skor 3)
Ektrim
(Skor 4)
1 Peringkat bahaya
Kebakaran (FDR)
Rendah
Menengah
Tinggi
Ektrim
2. Prakiraan Cuaca
Hujan
diramalkan
terjadi terusmenerus atau
secara periodik
Berawan hangat
dan lembab
Berawan,
Panas dan
tidak ada
gerimis atau
hujan
Kering yang
berkesinambun
gan
Kurang dari 10
titik
11 – 12 titik
21 – 60 titik
Lebih dari 60
titik
0 – 60 titik
61 – 120 titik
121 – 360 titik
Lebih dari 60
titik
4. Kondisi Asap
Tidak ada
Kadang-kadang
asap dipagi hari
Teradapat asap
disiang hari
Jarang pandang
tergangu
5. Aktifitas
Kebakaran
Tidak ada
laporan
kebakaran
Mulai ada
kebakaran
Laporan
kebarakan
sering terjadi
Banyak
terdapat
kebakaran dan
meluas
6. Ketersediaan
Sumber daya
Tidak
digunakan
untuk
pemadaman
Kadang-kadang
digunakan untuk
memadamkan
(serangan dini
dalam satu hari
pulang)
Terus-menerus
digunakan
untuk
pemadaman
kebakaran
Kekurangan
personil untuk
mengatasi
kebakaran
yang terjadi
3. Hot Spot
- Kab. / Kota
- Propinsi
- 23 -
December 2004
D. TINDAKAN DALAM TINGKAT SIAGA
Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan kriteria tingkat siaga, maka akan diperoleh tingkat kesiagaan
pada masing-masing daerah yaitu Normal, Siaga III, Siaga II dan Siaga I.
Tindakan – tindakan yang perlu dilakukan sesuai dengan status siaga kebakaran hutan dan
lahan adalah :
1. NORMAL
 Tidak diperlukan patroli atau pendeteksian langsung di lapangan (taktis).
 Memastikan semua peralatan pemadaman siap dipergunakan.
 Melaksanakan program penyadaran untuk pencegahan kebakaran hutan dan lahan.
 Melakukan kegiatan pelatihan penyegaran tahunan untuk staf pemadam kebakaran.
 Memadamkan kebakaran hutan dan lahan apabila kebakaran tersebut mengancam daerahdaerah tertentu yang memiliki nilai sumberdaya atau yang diputuskan harus dilindungi dari
kebakaran
2. SIAGA III
 Patroli atau deteksi taktis dilakukan apabila diperlukan, tergantung pada kondisi lokal.
 Memastikan semua peralatan dan personil pemadaman siap dipergunakan.
 Melanjutkan program-program pencegahan kebakaran pada daerah-daerah
rawan
kebakaran hutan dan lahan.
 Mempersiapkan posko-posko pemadam kebakaran hutan dan lahan.
 Memadamkan kebakaran hutan dan lahan yang tidak dikehendaki.
3. SIAGA II
 Patroli dan deteksi taktis dilakukan minimal 5 hari per minggu.
 Slip-on unit dan pick-up telah dilengkapi dengan peralatan pemadaman awal.
 Memfokuskan program pencegahan kebakaran pada daerah yang memiliki resiko tinggi.
 Pemadaman kebakaran hutan dan lahan dilakukan seawal mungkin (penanganan dini).
 Melakukan kampanye dan penyebarluasan informasi melalui media masa.
 Memberikan saran kepada pengambil keputusan untuk dikeluarkannya seruan laranagan
membakar apabila kondisi semakin memburuk.
- 24 -
December 2004
4. SIAGA I
 Patroli dan deteksi taktis dilakukan 7 hari per minggu.
 Seluruh staff Pusat Kebakaran Lokal harus siap untuk mendukung kegiatan pemadaman.
 Semua bentuk kebakaran hutan dan lahan harus dipadamkan.
 Memohon kepada Gubernur/Bupati/Walikota mengeluarkan ketentuan larangan membakar.
 Memohon kepada Gubernur/Bupati/Walikota memerintahkan jajarannya untuk siap setiap
saat jika diperlukan untuk mobilisasi operasi pemadaman.
E. Daftar Pustaka
-
-
-
-
-
ARINO O., MELINOTTE, J.M. (1995). Fire Index Atlas, Earth Observation Quarterly,
ESA, 50, 11-16.
DOZIER, J. (1981). A method for satellite identification of surface temperature fields
on sup-pixel resolution. Remote Sensing of Environment, 11, 221-228.
KAUFMANN, Y. J., SETZER, A., JUSTICE, C., TUCKER, C. J., M. G. PERREIRA &
I. FUNG (1990a). Remote Sensing of Biomass Burning in the Tropics. In: Fire in the
tropical Biota. Ecosystems Process and Global Challenge. (Goldammer, J.G ed.) 371383. Ecological Studies 84, Springer-Verlag, Berlin -Heidelberg-New York.
KAUFMANN, Y., TUCKER C. J. & FUNG, I. (1990b). Remote sensing of biomass
burning in the tropics. J. Geophys. Res., 95, 9927-9939.
KENNEDY P. J., BELWARD, A. S. & GRÉGOIRE, J-M. (1994), An improved
approach to fire monitoring in West Africa using AVHRR data. Int. J. Remote Sens.
15, 2235-255.
MALINGREAU J.-P. (1990), The contribution of remote sensing to the Global
Monitoring of Fires in Tropical and Subtropical Ecosystems. In: Fire in the tropical
Biota. Ecosystems Process and Global Challenge. (Goldammer, J.G ed.) 371-383.
Ecological Studies 84, Springer-Verlag, Berlin -Heidelberg-New York.
WANNAMAKER B. (1996). Sea Scan STARS User Manual. Sea Scan Oceanographic
and Remote Sensing Consultants, Canada, unpublished.
MALINGREAU J.-P. (1990), The contribution of remote sensing to the Global
Monitoring of Fires in Tropical and Subtropical Ecosystems. In: Fire in the tropical
Biota. Ecosystems Process and Global Challenge. (Goldammer, J.G ed.) 371-383.
Ecological Studies 84, Springer-Verlag, Berlin -Heidelberg-New York.
HOFFMANN A. A. et al. (1999), Fire Damage in East Kalimantan in 1997/98 Related
to The Land Use and Vegetation Classes: Satellite Radar Inventory Results and
Proposals for Further Actions, 5.
- 25 -
December 2004
Appendix 3
Laws and Regulations
- 26 -
December 2004
A. Tingkat Undang-undang, Peraturan Pemerintah dan Keppres
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
UU No. 5 Tahun 1990 Tentang Konservasi Sumberdaya Alam Hayati dan Ekosistemnya
UU No. 24 Tahun 1992 Tentang Penataan Ruang
UU No. 23 Tahun 1997 Tentang Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup
UU No. 41 Tahun 1999 Tentang Kehutanan
UU No. 32 Tahun 2004 Tentang Pemerintahan Daerah
UU No. 18 Tahun 2005 Tentang Perkebunan
7. PP No. 25 Tahun 2000 Tentang Kewenangan Pusat dan Kewenangan Propinsi Daerah Otonom
8. PP No. 4 Tahun 2001 Tentang Pengendalian Kerusakan dan Atau Pencemaran Lingkungan Hidup yang
Berkaitan dengan Kebakaran Hutan dan atau Lahan
9. PP No. 45 Tahun 2004 Tentang Perlindungan Hutan, BAB III Perlindungan Hutan dari Kebakaran.
10. Keppres No. 3 Tahun 2001 Tentang Badan Koordinasi Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana dan
Penanganan Pengungsi
11. Keppres No. 111 Tahun 2001 Tentang Perubahan Keppres No. 3 Tahun 2001 Tentang Badan
Koordinasi Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana dan Penanganan Pengungsi.
B. Tingkat Keputusan Menteri
12. Keputusan Menteri Kehutanan No.97/Kpts-II/1998 Tentang Prosedur Penanganan Krisis Kebakaran
Hutan
13. Keputusan Menteri Dalam Negeri Nomor 131 Tahun 2003 Tentang Pedoman Penanggulangan Bencana
dan Penanganan Pengungsi di Daerah
14. Keputusan Menteri Kehutanan No. 97/Kpts-II/1998 Tentang Prosedur Penanganan Krisis Kebakaran
Hutan
C. Tingkat Propinsi
15. Perda Propinsi Daerah Tingkat I Sumatera Selatan No. 2 Tahun 1987 Tentang Usaha Pencegahan dan
Pemadaman Kebakaran Hutan Dalam Daerah Propinsi Daerah Tingkat I Sumatera Selatan
16. Keputusan Gubernur Kepala Daerah Tingkat I Sumatera Selatan No. 7 Tahun 1995 Tentang
Pembentukan Pusat Pengendalian (PUSDAL) dan Pos Komando Pelaksana (POSKOLAK) Serta Satuan
Pelaksana (Satlak) Usaha Pencegahan Kebakaran Hutan Dalam Propinsi Sumatera Selatan.
17. Keputusan Gubernur No. 538/KPTS/KEHUT/2001, Tentang Sususan Keanggotaan Tim Koordinasi
Yustisia Pengamanan dan Pengendalian Kebakaran Hutan dan Lahan Propinsi Sumatera Selatan.
18. Keputusan Gubernur Sumatera Selatan No. 377/KPTS/BAN-KBLM/2002 Tentang Pembentukan
Satuan Kordinasi pelaksana Penanggulangan Bencana dan Penanganan Pengungsi (SATKORLAK
PBP) Propinsi Sumatera Selatan
19. Pedoman Kerja Tim Reaksi Cepat Satkorlak PBP propinsi Sumatera Selatan (Dokumen yang diperoleh
tanpa tanggal dan tanpa tahun. Pedoman ini dalam rangka menindaklanjuti Kep. Gub No. 377 Tahun
2002)
20. Keputusan Gubernur Sumatera Selatan No. 211/KPTS/HUT/2003 Tentang Pembentukan Project
Coordinating Committee (PCC) dalam Rangka Kerjasama Pencegahan dan Penanggulangan Kebakaran
Hutan Propinsi Sumatera Selatan
21. Keputusan Gubernur Sumatera Selatan No. 234 Tahun 2003 Tentang Prosedur Tetap Penanggulangan
Bencana dan Pengungsi di Propinsi Sumatera Selatan.
22. Keputusan Gubernur Sumatera Selatan No. 24/KPTS/PU.AIR/2005 Tentang Pembentukan Tim
Pengarah Pengelolaan/Pengembangan Daerah Rawa.
D. Tingkat Kabupaten
23. Pemda Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin PROTAP No. 1214/VII/1994 Tentang Satuan Pelaksana
Penanggulangan Bencana. (1994).
- 27 -
December 2004
24. Bagan Struktur Organisasi Kantor Kesatuan Bangsa dan Perlindungan Masyarakat (Kesbanglitmas)
Kab. Musi Banyuasin (2003).
25. Keputusan Bupati Musi Banyuasin No. 585 Tahun 2003 Tentang Pembentukan Tim Koordinasi
Pemerintah Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin dan SSFFMP dalam Rangka Kerjasama Pencegahan Dan
penanggulangan Kebakaran Hutan di Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin.
26. Keputusan Bupati Musi Banyuasin No. 083 Tahun 2004 Tentang Pembentukan Multi-stakeholders
Forum (MSF) Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin (dalam rangka menindaklanjuti kerjasama EU-RI yang
membentuk SSFFMP)
27. Keputusan Bupati Banyuasin No. 344 Tahun 2003 Tentang Pembentukan Satuan Pelaksanan
Penanggulangan Bencana dan Penanganan Pengungsi (Satlak PBP) Kabupaten Banyuasin.
28. Keputusan Bupati Banyuasin No. 345 Tahun 2003 Tentang Penunjukan Pelaksana Harian Sekretaris
dan Penetapan Sekretariat Satuan Penanggulangan Bencana dan Penanganan Pengungsi (Satlak PBP).
29. Keputusan Bupati Banyuasin No. 083 Tahun 2004 Tentang Pembentukan Multi-stakeholders Forum
(MSF) Pelaksana Pencegahan dan Penanggulangan Kebakaran Hutan dan Lahan Kabupaten Banyuasin
(yang mencabut Keputusan Bupati Banyuasin No. 5560 Tahun 2003 Tentang Pembentukan Forum
Pelaksana Pencegahan dan Penanggulangan Kebakaran Hutan dan Lahan Kabupaten Banyuasin).
30. Keputusan Bupati Ogan Komering Ilir No. 210 Tahun 2003 Tentang Pembentukan Tim Koordinasi
Kerjasama Antara Pemerintah OKI dengan SSFFMP dalam Rangka Pencegahan dan Penanggulangan
Kebakaran Lahan dan Hutan di Kabupaten OKI
31. Keputusan Bupati Ogan Komering Ilir No. 303 Tahun 2003 Tentang Pembentukan MSF Kabupaten
Ogan Komering Ilir.
E. Tingkat Desa
Belum ada Data.
- 28 -
December 2004
Appendix 4
Draft Fire Management Master Plan
(English)
- 29 -
Draft Fire Management Master plan for Sumse l
Regulations, roles and tasks in an interagency structure for fire management
This document intends to provide references and guidance for consistent integrated fire management practices of and amongst the governmental and other agencies playing a role in fire management. This document should be
reviewed annually and updated as needed by management teams once a year to review policies, roles, responsibilities and delegation of authorities.
 General definition of Fire Management: Fire management is a structured way/are activities concerned with the protection of people, property and land/forest areas from unwanted vegetation fires and use of fire as a tool for the attainment of land
management objectives; all conducted in a manner that considers environmental, social and economic criteria.
 Fire management activities are: Planning, preparedness, prevention, suppression, fire use, restoration and rehabilitation, law enforcement and prosecution, monitoring, research, and education and will be conducted on an interagency basis with the
involvement of co-operators and partners.
t Interagency cooperation is vital in attaining fire management program objectives. The ability of a single agency to implement fire management programs is limited without coordination and assistance from other organisations. Interagency cooperation and coordination of
shared resources and common activities is imperative at all organisational levels. An understanding of the roles each agency has at each level is necessary to maximise the benefits of interagency coordination and ensure the fulfilment of agency responsibility.
t Agencies must ensure their capability to provide cost-effective fire management programs in support of land and resource management plans through appropriate planning, staffing, training, and equipment. Preparedness planning must be accomplished annually at all
organisational levels. When conditions exceed those of normal fire year, severity planning must be developed to consider agency needs on a local, regional or national level.
Minimum performance requirements for an
Interagency Fire Management structure:
t Agencies will work together and with their partners and other affected groups and individuals to work out prevention programs based on a foundation of the best available knowledge and science of the underlying fire causes (reason to lit fires).
t Agencies must use compatible planning processes, funding mechanism, training and qualification requirements, operational procedures, and public education and awareness programs for all fire management activities
t Each land manager and land management agency needs to have a Fire Management Plan (FMP) being a strategic plan that defines programs to manage fire. The FMP must provide for fire-fighters, prevention workers and public safety and includes therefore fire
management strategies, tactics, addresses values to be protected and public health issues. It must be consistent with resources management objectives and environmental law and regulations.
t Underpinning scientific knowledge and information needed to support fire management shall be developed through an integrated interagency fire science program.
The overall international framework for
fire management is given by:
t The commitment of the Indonesian Government to contribute to the implementation of the international forest-related commitments of UNCED (United Nations Conference on Environment and Development), AGENDA 21, chapter 9 (Protection of the Atmosphere), chapter 11 (Combating deforestation) and
chapter 15 (Conservation of Biological Diversity), and follow-up processes (Commission on Sustainable Development-CSD) that Indonesia is part of and has adopted the principles. One of the key agreements adopted at Rio was the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) that has been outline d in
Biodiversity Action Plan for Indonesia. Member of ASEAN Haze agreement
t The Indonesia’s National objectives and priorities that are to foster the utilisation of the biological resources in a sustainable and less harmful way. This objectives are supported by efforts of implementing fire management at all administrative levels and the involvement of the priva
encouragement of the use of alternative methods of fire use and the promotion of integrated fire management as an inevitable part for sustainable forest resource management.
te s
ector as well as the
t The ASEAN Agreement on Transboundary Haze Pollution
The overall legal framework is provided by
the Disaster Management Board (Bakornas)
and assignment principles for fire
management responsibilities are based on
existing laws and regulations (see also
Annex 1)
t Keppres No. 3 Tahun 2001 Tentang Badan Koordinasi Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana dan Penanganan Pengungsi
tKeppres No. 111 Tahun 2001 Tentang Perubahan Keppres No. 3 Tahun 2001 Tentang Badan Koordinasi Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana dan Penanganan Pengungsi.
t Keputusan Menteri Dalam Negeri Nomor 131 Tahun 2003 Tentang Pedoman Penanggulangan Bencana dan Penanganan Pengungsi di Daerah
t PP No. 4 Tahun 2001 Tentang Pengendalian Kerusakan dan Atau Pencemaran Lingkungan Hidup yang Berkaitan dengan Kebakaran Hutan dan atau Lahan
tPP No. 45 Tahun 2004 Tentang Perlindungan Hutan, BAB III Perlindungan Hutan dari Kebakaran.
Overall Fire Management vision in South
Sumatra and its related fire management
organisational structure (PusDalKarHutLa)
To operate an efficient and functioning fire management organization that integrates the main responsible governmental agencies as well as the private and village stakeholders towards minimizing forest and land fires and to protect life, property and the environment.
could be:
Overall Fire Management mission in South
Sumatra and its related fire management
organisational structure (PusDalKarHutLa)
To provide policies, services, guidelines, coordination and support to all fire management stakeholders within the province, with the aim of preventing, suppressing, and monitoring forest and land fires. This mission is achieved through continuous dissemination of current and
forecasted fire-related information, providing training, developing cooperative agreements, and through the sharing of fire fighting supplies, equipment, and personnel to facilitate efficient and cost-effective fire management.
could be:
t Protect human life and property and natural/cultural resources both within and adjacent to agency administered land.
t Prevent and investigate all unwanted (human-caused) fires
t Minimize damage of unwanted fires within the framework of land use objectives and resource management plans
t Promote an interagency approach to managing fires on a sustainable basis
Fire management objectives for each land &
t Promote public and political understanding of fire management programs and objectives
environmental management agency could be:
t Restore and rehabilitate resources lost in or damages by fire or suppression activities
t Organize fire staff that can apply the high standards of professional and technical expertise
t Encourage research to advance understanding of fire behaviour, effects, ecology, and management
t Integrate fire management through all levels of the planning processes such land use planning, budget etc.
Main agents for fire management are:
Overall main support agencies for daily
Forestry Services, Environmental Service, Agriculture Service, Estate Crop Service, Disaster Management
Meteorological Service
National Land Service
Planning Agency
Education Service
Health Service
Police & Prosecutor Services
efficient fire management are:
Integrated task/services of support
agencies in fire management
Regular Fire Danger Rating calculation and
dissemination, weather and climate forecasting (El
Nino)
Support Agencies for large scale fire
ABRI, Perhubungan, ORARI, PU,
GIS data on land use and rights,
administrative boundaries, infrastructure,
etc.
disasters
Overall coordination of all agencies
Disaster management regulations and guidelines, Disaster management services
Program planning & budgeting, overall
integrated (sustainable) land use planning
Environmental/fire prevention
curriculum and teaching program
Information and awareness rising of the negative
impact of smoke-haze
Legal investigation and law enforcement
the
Main functional elements and tasks required in fire management
The main components Information & Analysis and law
of fire management
enforcement
Prevention
Preparedness
Pre-suppression and suppression
Rehabilitation
Forest/Agriculture/Estate Crop
Forest (incl. BKSDA) and Estate crop
Forest (incl. BKSDA) and Estate
Planning services (land
services
Services
crop services
management agencies)
Coordination of interagency fire management activities
Key agencies that
hold responsibility at
all three
administrative levels
Environmental services
Disaster management services
(national, provincial,
district)
Main objectives
Establish an effective process to compile,
analyze and communicate fire relevant data
Develop and provide Community Based Fire
and information for monitoring vegetation
Management strategies and guidelines to
fires and related smoke-haze, identifying and
implement them.
mapping/inventorying fire risk areas to
managers, supervisors, and employees.
Prepare and provide fire management plans for fire
management activities to be carried out following
determined readiness levels
Implement fire management/suppression
plans according to the SOP standards
Coordinate and oversee the rehabilitation
To provide general description of all programs/activities needed to be functional prior to fire
measures of the respective land management
season
agencies
Determine readiness (preparedness) levels
based on fire information to assess the
current and predicted fire situation/danger in
order to conduct the necessary steps
needed.
Develop and conduct
awareness/environmental raising programs to
educate people about the negative impact of
fire and smoke onto health and economic.
Prepare and provide operational plans, including location
of dispatch centre, communication and command
structure, fields of cooperation with other agencies
(expertise, training, information, prevention etc.)
To provide and implement the physical and
technical capacities for initial fire attack
including prompt detection, patrols and fire
reporting (response mobilisation plan).
Ensure fire preventive rehabilitation measures Ensure that fire management programs of the respective agency are planned in an integrated
through proper land use planning and by
manner and complementary hence maximise synergies and avoiding overlapping and
acknowledging land use rights
redundancy
Ensure clear and concise communications
are maintained all levels and actively
disseminate fire information necessary for
main fire management stakeholders to
support and make decisions and
recommendations to political officials,
agencies, and institutions as well as
procedural direction for fire managers of the
fire management agencies.
Develop guidelines and regulations and
provide training for controlled burning in the
small holder sector (controlled fire use; only
applicable in non-peat areas)
Conduct regular resource assessments (equipment
conditions) and provide competent fire control staff
To provide and implement the technical means
for and carry out pre-suppression activates
such as fuel breaks, green belts in their
Ensure that rehabilitation programs support
respective jurisdiction (protected forest and
community welfare
estate crop) and to ensure and enforce that
land owners implement pre-suppression and
suppression measures
Ensure interconnected fire management budget plans of respective land management
agencies
Assess fire impact on environmental/
ecological scales (ecosystem and
biodiversity loss, carbon emission "green
house gases" etc.) in order to provide
recommendations for rehabilitation.
Develop fire free income programs through
research and implement and magnify them
through respective extension work
Provide and maintain necessary detection,
communication & response infrastructure to ensure
communication and standard interagency fire reporting
from and to all levels
To implement the capacities, coordination and
cooperation mechanism to respond to (large
scale) fire events
Ensure timely follow-up actions to program reviews, fire prevention and preparedness review,
fire operation plans review, cooperation and interagency agreements etc.
Monitor and assess air pollution and issue
warnings accordingly
Prepare operational Fire Prevention
Mobilization Plan (FPMP) to make the
prevention resource mobilization more
effective and efficient in the course of
increasing fire danger. This includes the
preparation and maintenance of fire prevention
data base (material and personnel) and
development of communication, coordination
and cooperation mechanism (cooperative
agreements with adjoining fire agencies,
communities and concession/estate crop
holders) to massively and widely disseminate
Prepare operational Fire Suppression Mobilization Plan
(FSMP) to make the resource mobilization more
effective and efficient in the case of fire emergency.
This includes the preparation and maintenance of fire
suppression/prevention data base and develop
communication, coordination and cooperation
mechanism (cooperative agreements with adjoining fire
agencies, communities and concession/estate crop
holders) to respond to (large scale) fire events
Enforce zero burning policy and
laws/regulations and permits for fire control
and fire use.
Enforce fire management plans and capacities
at concession, plantation and mining company
level..
Ensure the proper coordination amongst the fire management stakeholders through regular
work and coordination meetings
Identifying specialized fire positions and
qualifications and accordingly develop capacity
building program for system, organisational
and individual level
Ensure fire preventive measures through
proper land use planning and by
acknowledging land use rights
Main support agencies
Meteorological service, LAPAN, Forestry
department, National Land Agency, Police,
Respective internet sources for weather,
smoke etc. information
Environmental, Education and Health services,
Bapedalda, Kesbanglinmas, Agriculture services,
Environmental Education Network, BKD,
Perhubungan, PU,
Planning Services, Mining services.
Kesbanglinmas, Hansip
Forestry, Estate Crop, Agriculture services,
National Land Agency, Social service
Bappeda and fire/land management agencies
Existing SOPs, guidelines, examples,
Readiness level for Fire Management
references
Determination of Readiness Level follows Fire Danger Rating, Weather forecasting, Hotspot, Smoke-Haze conditions, and Fire Management
Activities
normal
Main fire
management
activities to be
carried out by the
main agents for
fire management
Level III
 Contoh Info Situasi Kebakaran Mingguan KalTim
Level II
Level I
1
Regularly monitor, analyse and process all information and
reporting of fire data from city and district level through all
available means
Regularly monitor, analyse and process all information
and reporting of fire data from city and district level
through all available means
Minimum 5 days a week monitor, analyse and process all
information and reporting of fire data from city and district
level through all available means
2
Disseminate fire information regularly to all relevant
stakeholders
Disseminate fire information regularly to all relevant
stakeholders
Disseminate fire information minimum 5 days a week to all Disseminate fire information daily to all relevant
relevant stakeholders
stakeholders
3
Planning and budgeting of fire management activities
predominate and up dating of the Provincial Fire
Suppression/Prevention Mobilization (FSPM) plan
Budget for fire management activities is in place and
FSPM is up to date
Based on fire information and instructed by political
leaders the Fire Suppression/Prevention
Budget for fire management activities is in place and FSPM
Mobilization (FSPM) plan takes place to suppress
is up to date
all vegetation fires in the province and additional (oncall) budget is available
4
No patrols or tactical detection necessary
Patrols or tactical detection performed as needed by
local conditions
Patrols and tactical detection occur minimum 5 days per
week
5
Ensure all suppression equipment is “fire ready” and
maintained
All suppression personal and equipment must be “fire
Ensure all suppression personal and equipment is “fire
ready” and slip-on Engines and pick-up trucks fully
ready” and maintained
equipped with initial attack equipment
All suppression personal and equipment must be
“fire ready” and slip-on Engines and pick-up trucks
fully equipped with initial and extended attack
equipment
6
Vegetation fires suppressed if threaten specific resource
values/ improvements
Vegetation fire suppressed if threaten specific
resource values/ improvements
Initial attack on fires that escape pre-planned boundaries
and if threaten specific resource values/ improvements
Instructed by political leaders the Fire Suppression
Mobilization (FSM) plan takes place to suppress all
vegetation fires in the province
7
Develop fire prevention awareness/education strategies and
continue the on-going prevention programs
Begin “targeting” fire prevention programs to “risk”
areas (socialization of laws & regulations, prevention
campaign, extension program's to local farmers etc)
Focus fire prevention programs to areas where fires are
occurring and other “high risk” areas
Focus fire prevention programs to areas where fires
are occurring and other “high risk” areas
8
Continuous training of staff for fire information, suppression
and prevention
Begin annual refresher training for fire suppression and
prevention staff
Inform and advise political leaders on possible need for
“burning ban” if conditions worsen and discourage local
community from using fire for land-clearing
Political leaders have to issue a “Burning Ban” and
strict law enforcement measures have to take place
9
 Contoh Pedoman Penentuan Kriteria Siaga Kebakran Hutan
dan Lahan Propsini Kalimantan Timur
Daily monitor, analyse and process all information
and reporting of fire data from city and district level
through all available means
Patrols and detection occur every day
normal
1
2
Environmental
services
Information &
Prepare routine fire information budgeting based on the
following activities
Level III
Budget for fire information activities is in place
Level II
Level I
Prepare a monthly fire situation report of the province/districts Prepare a weekly fire situation report of the
that includes:
province/district that includes
Prepare a daily fire situation report of the province/districts Prepare twice a day fire situation report of the
that includes
province/districts that includes
t Hotspot information (NOAA-AVHRR, MODIS etc.)
t Hotspot information (NOAA-AVHRR, MODIS
etc.)
t FDR information, weather/climate predictions
t Wind
t Smoke-haze and visibility information
t Satellite imagery burn scar
t El Nino forecasting
t Fire reports of the districts, sub districts or local fire
centres.
t Wind
centres.
t Wind
centres.
t Wind
t Fire reports of the districts, sub districts or local
fire centres.
Daily determined readiness level based on fire information
(mentioned above) and according to readiness
determination guideline
Daily determined readiness level based on fire
information (mentioned above) and according to
readiness determination guideline
Actively request fire reports from the respective land
management agencies
management agencies
Fire information is being reported directly or indirectly to the
agency responsible for the area that is on fire, or the
closest security agencies by using any kind of
communication means
Fire information is being reported directly or
indirectly to the agency responsible for the area that
is on fire, or the closest security agencies by using
any kind of communication means
3
Regularly determined readiness level based on fire information Weekly determined readiness level based on fire
(mentioned above) and according to readiness determination information (mentioned above) and according to
guideline
4
Training to new personal and additional training
Continuous training of staff for fire information,
suppression and prevention
5
Review and improve fire reporting system
management agencies
6
Fire information is being reported directly or indirectly to
Prepare information dissemination commando structure and
the agency responsible for the area that is on fire, or
list of involved fire management parties that include person in
the closest security agencies by using any kind of
charge, telephone number, e-mail, facsimile.
communication means
7
Prepare and up-date fire equipment and personal data bank
8
Request and compile digital spatial data (land cover,
infrastructure, settlements & transmigrations, land use & land
tenure boundaries) from the respective land management
agencies
9
Analyze historical fire statistics based on fire reports and burn
scar maps based on satellite information and prepare in
combination with digital land use data seasonal fire risk maps
10
Implement existing law enforcement team consisting of the
adequate personal (list of people, phone number, institutions
etc.) and develop investigation procedures based on the
current and actual laws and regulations
Existing SOPs, guidelines, examples, references
 Pedoman Penentuan Kriteria Siaga Kebakran Hutan dan Lahan
Propsini Kalimantan Timur
 Contoh Info Situasi Kebakaran Mingguan KalTim
 Pedoman Penentuan Kriteria Siaga Kebakran Hutan dan Lahan
Propsini Kalimantan Timur
Analysis and law
enforcement
 Contoh data base untuk SumSel disediakan oleh SSFFMP
Conduct fire investigation surveys based on fire
information
Conduct fire investigation surveys based on fire information
Conduct fire investigation surveys based on fire
information
normal
1
Prepare routine fire prevention budgeting based on the
following activities
2
Based on the fire causes prepare prevention strategy and
program.
3
Establish Community based Fire Management program such
as:
Level III
Level II
Level I
 CBFiM concept East Kalimantan, Materi Pelatihan Pemadam
Kabakaran Hutan SSFFMP
t Pembentukan Regu Pemadam di desa-desa.
t Pelatihan Dasar Pengelolaan Kebakaran.
t Penyediaan bantuan peralatan pemadam kebakaran
t Pemberian insentif lain (income generating activities)
t Pelatihan Sistem Informasi Kebakaran
t Pelatihan Kelembagaan Organisasi Tingkat Desa
(Institutional Strengthening)\
 Makalah: "Peraturan Kampung Sebagai Salah Satu Bentuk
Pelaksanaan otonomi kampung " oleh E. Marbyanto , CBFiM
concept East Kalimantan
t Penyusunan Peraturan Desa (Legal Drafting)
t Monitoring Regu Pemadam Kebakaran
t Pelatihan Training of Trainer (TOT) Pengelolaan
Kebakaran.
4
Prepare Fire Prevention Mobilisation Plan (FPMP) that include
t the preparation of fire prevention data base (trained
extension workers, teachers, Boy Scout, relevant NGOs) that
include also the available prevention material resources
Forest/Agriculture/
Estate Crop
t develop communication, coordination and cooperation
mechanism
Prevention
services
t establish cooperative agreements with adjoining fire
agencies, communities and concession/estate crop holders
and other relevant parties
5
Develop and review training programs and provide training of
trainer for school teachers, agricultural extension workers,
land management company staff, religious village
6
Identify, design and produce prevention/environmental
education and fire information material (school curriculum,
booklet, flyer, poster, Si Pongi comic books, etc.)
7
Apply prevention material through campaign and extension
programs to schools and communities
Intensify socialization of prevention material and
Continuous socialization of prevention material and
Highly intensify socialization of prevention material and
conduct extension of fire prevention activities in areas
conduct extension of fire prevention activities in
conduct extension of fire prevention activities in areas with
with high fire risk (according to fire information
areas with high fire risk (according to fire
high fire risk (according to fire information analysis)
analysis)
information analysis)
8
Produce and install public boards concerning fire prevention
information
Install and maintain boards concerning fire prevention
information
Install and maintain boards concerning fire prevention
information
Install and maintain boards concerning fire
prevention information
 Material from SSFFMP, MoF, UPTD-KalTim
9
Produce short TV spot and prevention messages about the
negative economic, ecologic and social impact of fire.
Advertised and air the prevention messages in the
press media and TV stations.
Continuously advertised and air the prevention messages
in the press media and TV station.
Continuously advertised and air he prevention
messages in the press media and TV station.
Stop agriculture burning
 Pembakaran terkendali oleh E. Marbyanto berdasarkan Sk
Dirjen Perlindungan Hutan dan Pelestarian Alam No. 47/KPTS/DJVI/1997 tentang Petunjuk Teknis Pembakaran Terkendali.,
Refresher training for extension worker etc.
Develop and review guidelines/regulations and provide training
Patrol areas of smallholder agriculture fire use and
10 for controlled burning in the small holder sector (fuel break,
supervise farmers in controlled burning
green belt, suppression techniques)
11
Prepare and review participative village/land use planning map
for sustainable village development
Develop fire free income programs through research and
12 implement and magnify them through respective extension
work
SSFFMP examples
 Establishment of field examples on income generating activities
as part of fire prevention measures-SSFFMP material
normal
1
Prepare routine and on-call fire preparedness budgeting
based on the following activities
2
Prepare operational Fire Suppression Mobilization Plan
(FSMP) to make the resource mobilization more effective and
efficient to respond to (large scale) fire events and fire
emergency. This include:
t data collection and preparation and maintenance of fire
suppression data base (equipment, personnel
Level III
Budget for fire preparedness and pre-suppression
activities is in place
Level II
Level I
Budget for fire preparedness and pre-suppression activities On call budget for fire suppression activities is in
is in place
place and additional (on call) budget is available
 South Sumatra Mobilisation Plan from 1999, Mobilisation Plan
Kutai Barat 2001
Check all fire suppression equipment and readiness of
the fire crews
t develop communication, coordination and cooperation
mechanism
t establish cooperative agreements with adjoining fire
agencies, communities and concession/estate crop holders
and other relevant parties
Forest (include.
BKSDA) and Estate
t Set up regional fire command posts (POSKO) with
sufficient trained personal, equipment and communication
tools
 Pembentukan Pusat Pengendalian Kabakaran Hutan Daerah
oleh UPTD Pengendalian Kebakaran Hutan dan Lahan die
Kalimantan Timur, Material from SSFFMP
3
Prepare and review fire management plans, as well as Conduct simulation on fire response/initial attack
operational plans for POSKO.
scenario
Operational Plan examples from SSFFMP, Kaltim and other
countries
4
Conduct regular resource assessments of the equipment
conditions, logistics, look out towers, purchase new
equipment if necessary and provide trained fire control staffs
5
Request up to date land use, fire risk information, maps etc.
from district and provincial level
6
Supervise and control the pre-suppression activates such as
fuel breaks, green belts in the respective area.
7
Prepare and review guideline of fire management and
supervise / control the fire management plans and capacities
of concession/plantation holders
8
Conduct refresher training and training for new crews
Continuous training of staff for fire suppression
9
Develop a detection network using fire crew patrols and
villager reports
Patrols or tactical detection performed as needed by
local conditions
Preparedness
crop Services
 Examples from SSFFMP, UPTD-Kaltim
Ensure that fire breaks are maintained and cleared
Patrols and tactical detection occur minimum 5 days per
week
Request (from Fire Information unit) or prepare, review maps
10 of the area of responsibility (initial response area) showing the
following locations:
t Security posts)
t Road, river network (closed or open)
t Pre-established fire breaks
t Water points – mark on map and ground
t Natural reserves/riparian strips/conservation areas
t Community residential and agricultural areas
t Topography
t Offices, residences, company infrastructure/buildings
t Vegetation cover/fuel loads/fire hazard/fire risk
t Land Use, administrative boundaries
t Warning sign boards
normal
1
Level III
Level II
Budget for fire suppression activities is in place and
additional (on call) budget is available
Level I
Budget for fire suppression activities is in place and
additional (on call) budget is available
Prepare routine fire suppression budgeting
Budget for fire suppression activities is in place
All agency fire personnel assigned to fire line duties will
complete annual refresher training
All agency fire personnel assigned to fire line duties will All agency fire personnel assigned to fire line duties will
All agency fire personnel assigned to fire line duties
will complete annual refresher training
Fire suppression of unwanted vegetation fires based on fire
response procedures for fire-fighter mobilisation, Incident
Command System organisation and Initial attack
Fire suppression of unwanted vegetation fires based on
Fire suppression of unwanted vegetation fires based on
fire response procedures for fire-fighter mobilisation,
fire response procedures for fire-fighter mobilisation,
Incident Command System organisation and Initial attack
Incident Command System organisation and Initial
and extended attack or large, multi-day fire fighting efforts
attack
(Fire Suppression/Prevention Plan)
Fire suppression of unwanted vegetation fires
based on fire response procedures for fire-fighter
mobilisation, Incident Command System
organisation and Initial attack and extended attack
or large, multi-day fire fighting efforts (Fire
Suppression/Prevention Plan)
Mopping up and Patrol
Forest (include.
BKSDA) and Estate
Suppression
crop services
2
3
 Many SOP examples for fire operations are available such as
from SSFFMP, East Kalimantan, other countries etc.
Planning services
(land management
Rehabilitation
1
Each agency prepares fire rehabilitation budgeting based on
burned area assessment and land use development plans
2
Coordinate and oversee the rehabilitation measures of the
respective land management agencies: Site Selection and
identification of future land use
3
Prepare the fire preventive rehabilitation measures
4
Prepare the rehabilitation programs to support the
communities
1
Initiate and conduct regular interagency coordination meetings
2
Collect data base and overall fire information to monitor and
control preparedness quality and anticipate up coming long
dry season and/or El Nino events
3
Prepare the cooperation policy among the fire management
agencies
4
Observe and protect the communities from the certain area
closed to the fire and evacuated them if necessary
5
Ensure dissemination and installation of fire danger
awareness and warning information
6
Evaluation of the fire activities implementation
agencies)
Disaster
management
services
Coordination of
interagency fire
management
activities
Monthly initiate and conduct regular interagency
coordination meetings
Biweekly Initiate and conduct regular interagency
Weekly initiate and conduct regular interagency
Example of Interagency Standards for fire and fire aviation
Operations 2003 from USA, book available at SSFFMP, Example
of Draft ASEAN agreement on regional interagency cooperation
December 2004
Appendix 5
Draft Fire Management Master Plan
(Indonesian)
- 30 -
Draft Master Plan Pengelolaan Kebakaran untuk Sumsel
Peraturan, Peran dan Fungsi dalam Struktur Multi Pihak Pengelolaan Kebakaran
Dokumen ini bermaksud menyediakan pedoman dan referensi untuk pengelolaan kebakaran terpadu yg konsisten dalam pelaksanaannya baik itu dari pemerintah atau lembaga lain yang bermain peran dalam pengelolaan kebakaran.
Dokumen tersebut seharusnya diperbaharui dan dirubah secara rutin apabila diperlukan oleh team pemerintah setahun sekali untuk memperbaharui kebijakan, peran, tanggung jawab dan pendelegasian otoritas.
 Definisi umum pengelolaan kebakaran: Pengelolaan kebakaran hutan dan Lahan adalah sebuah cara struktur/ kegiatan yg memperhatikan perlindungan masyarakat, tanah milik dan areal hutan dan lahan dari kebakaran vegetasi yg tidak diinginkan,
dan penggunaan api sbg alat untuk mencapai tujuan pengelolaan kebakaran ; semuanya terkait dgn kriteria lingkungan, sosial dan ekonomi.
 Kegiatan pengelolaan Kebakaran meliputi: Perencanaan, Kesiapsiagaan, Pencegahan, Pemadaman, Penegakan hukum, Penggunaan Api, Restorasi dan Rehabilitasi, Monitoring, Penelitian dan Pendidikan serta akan dilaksanakan sebagai dasar
peningkatan kerjasama antar lembaga dan rekan lainnya.
t Kerjasama antar lembaga merupakan alat tercapainya tujuan program pengelolaan kebakaran. Kemampuan suatu lembaga perorangan dalam melaksanakan program pengelolaan kebakaran sangat terbatas tanpa adanya koordinasi dan bantuan dari organisasi lainnya. Kerjasama dan koordinasi antar lembaga
berbagi sumber daya dan kegiatan bersama adalah penting untuk seluruh tingkatan organisasi. Pemahaman peran dr masing-masing lembaga disetiap tingkatan juga penting untuk memaksimalkan keuntungan dr koordinasi antar lembaga dan memastikan setiap lembaga bertanggung jawab penuh.
t Setiap lembaga harus yakin akan kemampuan masing-masing dlm penyediaan efektifitas biaya pengelolaan kebakaran untuk mendukung rencana pengelolaan sumber daya dan lahan melalui perencanaan yg tepat, staf, pelatihan dan peralatan. Rencana kesiapsiagaan harus tercapai tiap tahunnya di semu
organisasi. Ketika kondisi melebihi dr normal kebakaran tahunan, perencanaan yg matang harus dikembangkan untuk memperhatikan kebutuhan lembaga tingkatan lokal, propinsi dan nasional.
Syarat minimal yg harus digunakan untuk struktur
pengelolaan kebakaran :
t
unt
a ti
uk
ngkatan
Lembaga-lembaga akan bekerja bersama-sama dengan rekan kerja atau dengan kelompok yg efektif atau perorangan dlm program pencegahan berdasarkan ilmu dan pengetahuan yang dimiliki dengan mengaris bawahi penyebab kebakaran (alasan menyalakan api).
t Lembaga-lembaga seharusnya menggunakan proses perencanaan kompetible, mekanisme keuangan, pelatihan, permintaan qualifikasi, prosedur operasional, program pendidikan umum dan program peningkatan untuk semua kegiatan pengelolaan kebakaran
t
Setiap manajer dan instansi penggunan lahan perlu Perencanaan Pengelolaan Kebakaran yang strategis perencanaannya untuk mendifinisikan program pengelola kebakaran. Perencanaan Pengelola Kebakaran harus mencakup pasukan pemadam, penyuluh pencegahan dan keselamatan umum termasuk strategi
pengelolaan kebakaran, taktik, sumber-sumber yg dilindungi, isu umum kesehatan. Tujuan pengelolaan tsb haruslah konsisten berdasarkan sumber-sumber serta peraturan dan hukum lingkungan yang ada.
t
Keseluruhan kerangka kerja internasional dalam
pengelolaan kebakaran diberikan dlm rangka:
Pemahaman pengetahuan dan informasi merupakan tolak ukur yg diperlukan dalam mendukung pengelolaan kebakaran yang dikembangkan melalui program ilmu pengetahuan antar lembaga kebakaran.
t Komitmen dari pemerintah Indonesia memberikan kontribusi untuk melaksanakan komitmen dalam konferensi Internasional kehutanan dari UNCED (Konferensi PBB dalam Pengembangan Lingkungan), AGENDA 21, Bab 9, (Perlindungan Atmospir), Bab 11, (kombinasi deforestation) dan Bab 15 (Konservasi d
Diversity) dan tindak lanjut proses (Komisi Pengembangan Berkelanjutan/Commission on Suitainable Development-CDS) bahwa Indonesia merupakan bagian dan harus mengadopsi prinsip-prinsip yg ada didalamnya. Salah satu kunci perjanjian adalah mengadopsi dr pertemuan di Rio yaitu Convention Bi
olog
(CBD) bahwa telah jelas dalam Biodiversity Action Plan utk Indonesia. Anggota dr perjanjian Asap antar ASEAN / Member of ASEAN Haze agreement.
t Menyediakan kebijakan, layanan, pedoman, koordinasi dan dukungan kepada seluruh stakeholder pengelolaan kebakaran yang ada dipropinsi dengan tujuan pencegahan, pemadaman, dan monitoring kebakaran hutan dan lahan. Misi ini tercapai melalui penyebaran secara terus menerus ttg perkiraan i
ada, penyediaan pelatihan, pengembangan perjanjian kerjasama dan melalui berbagi perlengkapan pemadam kebakaran, peralatan dan personil utk efesien fasilitas dan efektif biaya pengelolaan kebakaran.
rBi
nfor
t ASEAN Agreement on Transboundary Haze Pollution
t PP No. 45 Tahun 2004 Tentang Perlindungan Hutan, BAB III Perlindungan Hutan dari Kebakaran.
Secara legal keseluruhan tanggung-jawab kerangka kerja
pengelolaan kebakaran telah tertuang dalam prinsipprinsip tugas Bakornas sesuai dgn peraturan dan hukum
yg berlaku pad lampiran 1.
t PP No. 4 Tahun 2001 Tentang Pengendalian Kerusakan dan Atau Pencemaran Lingkungan Hidup yang Berkaitan dengan Kebakaran Hutan dan atau Lahan
t Keppres No. 3 Tahun 2001 Tentang Badan Koordinasi Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana dan Penanganan Pengungsi
t Keppres No. 111 Tahun 2001 Tentang Perubahan Keppres No. 3 Tahun 2001 Tentang Badan Koordinasi Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana dan Penanganan Pengungsi.
Visi keseluruhan pengelolaan kebakaran di prop. Sumsel
dan terkait dgn struktur organisasi pengelolaan
kebakaran (PUSDALKARHUTLA) dapat sbb :
Beroperasional dan berfungsinya secara efesiensi organisasi pengelolaan kebakaran yang mana terintergasi dlm tanggung jawab pokok instansi pemerintah temasuk swasta dan stakeholder desa untuk menimalisasi kebakaran hutan dan lahan dan melindungi kehidupan, perumahan dan
lingkungan.
Misi keseluruhan pengelolaan kebakaran di prop. Sumsel
dan terkait dgn struktur organisasi pengelolaan
kebakaran (PUSDALKARHUTLA) dapat sbb :
Menyediakan kebijakan, layanan, pedoman, koordinasi dan dukungan kepada seluruh stakeholder pengelolaan kebakaran yang ada dipropinsi dengan tujuan pencegahan, pemadaman, dan monitoring kebakaran hutan dan lahan. Misi ini tercapai melalui penyebaran secara terus menerus dari
perkiraan informasi kebakaran yg ada, penyediaan pelatihan, pengembangan perjanjian kerjasama dan melalui berbagi perlengkapan pemadam kebakaran, peralatan dan personil utk efesien fasilitas dan efektif biaya pengelolaan kebakaran.
t Melindungi kehidupan, properti dan sumber daya alam/budaya diantara kedua batas lahan administrasi lembaga.
t Mencegah dan investigasi seluruh kebakaran (yg disebabkan manusia) yg tidak diinginkan.
t Meminimalisasi kerusakan dr kebakaran yg tidak diinginkan antara tujuan kerangka kerja penggunaan lahan dan rencana pengelolaan sumber daya
t Promosi pendekatan antar lembaga sebagai dasar pengelolaan kebakaran yang berkelanjutan
Tujuan Pengelolaan Kebakaran untuk setiap lembaga
pengelola lingkungan dan lahan dapat dijabarkan sbb:
t Promosi pemahaman secara politik dan umum tentang tujuan dan program pengelolaan kebakaran.
t Restorasi dan rehabilitasi hilangnya sumber-sumber atau kerusakan dr kegiatan pemadaman kebakaran
t Mengorganisasikan staf kebakaran utk dapat melamar (mendapatkan posisi) dlm profesional standar yg tinggi dan sbg tenaga ahli tehnik.
t Mengadakan penelitian untuk benar-benar memahami tingkah laku api, efeknya, ekologi dan pengelolaannya.
t Pengelolaan kebakaran terpadu melalui proses perencanaan seluruh tingkatan spt. perencanaan tata guna lahan dan anggaran, dll.
Instansi utama dlm pengelolaan kebakaran adalah :
Instansi pendukung utama secara keseluruhan dlm
efesiensi pengelolaan kebakaran setiap harinya adalah :
Integrasi tugas/jasa dr instansi pendukung dlm
pengelolaan kebakaran
Sektor Kehutanan, Lingkungan Hidup, Perkebunan, Pertanian dan Penanggulangan Bencana
Badan Meteorologi dan Geofisika
Badan Pertanahan Nasional
Regular perhitungan dan penyebaran
Data GIS dlm tata guna lahan dan hak batas
Penilaian Bahaya Kebakaran (FDR), cuaca administrasi, infrastruktur, dll.
dan ramalan iklim (El Nino)
Instansi dukungan dalam skala bencana kebakaran besar ABRI, Perhubungan, ORARI, PU,
Koordinasi keseluruhan dari semua instansi
Pedoman dan Peraturan dari Badan Koordinasi Bencana
Badan Perencanaan
Dinas Pendidikan
Rencana program dan anggaran, semuanya
Kurikulum pencegahan lingkungan/kebakaran dan
terintergrasi (berkelanjutan) dalam rencana tata guna program pengajaran
lahan
Dinas Kesehatan
Polisi dan Kejaksaan
Informasi dan peningkatan penyadaran tentang dampak negatif dr Legal investigasi dan penegakan hukum
asap-kabut
ology
ical Diversity
masi kebakaran yg
Unsur-unsur Fungsional dan Tugas-tugas utama yg diperlukan dalam Pengelolaan Kebakaran
Komponen utama dalam
pengelolaan kebakaran
Informasi, Pemantauan dan Penegakan hukum
Pencegahan
Kesiapsiagaan
Pra-pemadaman dan pemadaman
Sektor Kehutanan (termasuk BKSDA)
Sektor Kehutanan (termasuk BKSDA)
Sektor Kehutanan (termasuk
/Pertanian/Perkebunan
/Pertanian/Perkebunan
BKSDA) /Pertanian/Perkebunan
Rehabilitasi
Koordinasi kegiatan antar
lembaga pengelola kebakaran
Instansi utama yang bertanggung
jawab ditiga tingkatan
administrasi (nasional, propinsi
Sektor Lingkungan
Sektor Perencanaan Daerah
Sektor Penanggulangan Bencana
dan kab./kota)
Membangun proses efektif untuk mengumpulkan,
menganalisis dan mengkomunikasikan data yg relevan dan
penginformasian utk memonitoring vegetasi kebakaran dan
juga yg terkait dgn asap-kabut, mengidentifikasikan dan
memetakan/inventarisasi areal rawan kebakaran utk para
manajer, superviser dan karyawan-karyawan.
Mengembangkan strategi Pengelolaan
Kebakaran berbasis Masyarakat dan pedoman
pelaksanan kpd mereka.
Mengembangkan dan melaksanakan
Menyebarkan tingkat siaga (kesiapsiagaan) berdasarkan
penyuluha/peningkatan program lingkungan untuk
informasi kebakaran utk mengetahui keadaan dan prediksi
mendidik masyarakat tentang dampak negatif
situasi/penilaian kebakaran sehubungan dengan langkah apa
dari kebakaran dan asap terkait dgn kesehatan
yg harus diambil.
dan ekonomi.
Tujuan dan Tugas Utana
Menyediakan rencana pengelolaan kebakaran
(pedoman, peta-peta, SOP yg lengkap) utk kegiatan
pengelolaan kebakaran yg disesuaikan dg penentuan
tingkat kesiagaan.
Pelaksanaan rencana
pengelolaan/pemadaman kebakaran
berdasarkan standar SOP
Menyediakan dan melaksanakan secara fisik
Mennyiapkan dan melaksanakan rencana operasional
dan teknik kemampuan pemadaman dini
termasuk pusat lokasi pengiriman, struktur komando
termasuk pendiktesian yg cepat, patroli, dan
dan komunikasi, kerjasama dilapangan (pelatihan,
pelaporan kebakaran (rencana tindak lanjut
informasi, pencegahan,dll).
mobilisasi).
Memastikan komunikai berjalan singkat dan jelas di semua
tingkatan dan aktif menyebarkan informasi kebakaran yg
diperlukan untuk stakeholder pengelolaan kebakaran utama
untuk mendukung dan membuat keputusan dan rekomendasi
kpd para elit politik, lembaga dan instansi termasuk
pengaturan prosedur untuk para manajer kebakaran dr
lembaga pengelola kebakaran.
Mempersiapkan pedoman pearaturan desa dan
melaksanakan pelatihan pengendalian kebakaran Melaksanakan regular pendekatan sumber daya
dalam sektor lingkup kecil (kontrol penggunaan
(kondisi peralatan) dan menyediakan staf
api, hanya bisa dilaksanakan di daerah yg nonpengendalian kebakaran yg kompoten
gambut)
Perkiraan dampak kebakaran dlm skala lingkungan/ekologikal
(hilangnya ekosistem dan keanekaragaman hayati,
pengeluaran karbon/carbon emission, "green house gases"
dll) dlm kaitannya untuk pengrekomendasian rehabilitasi
Mempersiapkan dan melaksanakan program
pendapatan gratis (free income) melalui penelitian
dan penambahan pendapatan masyarakat
melalui perpanjangan kerja masing-masing.
Menyediakan dan memelihara penditeksian yang
Kemampuan melaksanakan mekanisme
diperlukan, komunikasi dan infrakstruktur respon untuk
koordinasi dan kerjasama untuk merespon
memastikan komunikasi dan pelaporan antar lembaga
(dlm skala besar) yg tepat.
dari semua tingkatan berjalan.
Memonitoring dan perkiraan polisi udara beserta peringatan
isu-isu yg sesuai.
Menyiapkan Rencana Mobilisasi Pencegahan
Kebakaran utk membuat sumber mobilisasi lebih
efektif dan efesien dlm keadaan darurat
kebakaran. Ini termasuk juga persiapan dan
pemeliharaan data dasar pencegahan kebakaran,
mengembangkan mekanisme koordinasi dan
kerjasama (perjanjian kerjasama dgn beberapa
lembaga, masyarakat, dan perusahaan
perkebunan/HPH) untuk penyebaran pesan
pencegahan secara luas.
Menyiapkan Rencana Mobilisasi Pemadaman
Kebakaran utk membuat sumber mobilisasi lebih
efektif dan efesien dlm keadaan darurat kebakaran. Ini
termasuk juga persiapan dan pemeliharaan data dasar
pencegahan dan pemadaman kebakaran,
mengembangkan mekanisme koordinasi dan
kerjasama (perjanjian kerjasama dgn beberapa
lembaga, masyarakat, dan perusahaan
perkebunan/HPH) utk merespon (dlm skala besar)
kebakaran yg tepat.
Melaksanakan kebijakandan hukum/peraturan tidak
membakar dan ijin untuk menggunakan api
Memastikan rencana dan kemampuan
pengelolaan kebakaran di HPH/HTI, perkebunan
dan pertambangan.
Koordinasi dan mengawasi
rehabilitasi luasan lahan dr lembaga
pengelola kebakaran yg ditunjuk.
Menyediakan diskripsi umum utk semua
program/kegiatan yg diperlukan utk dapat
berfungsi selama musim kebakaran
Memastikan luasan rehabilitasi
kebakaran dpt dicegah melalui
perencaan tata guna lahan dan
pengetahuan hak guna lahan
Memastikan bahwa program pengelolaan
kebakaran yg direncanakan oleh lembaga
terkait terintegrasi dan saling
mengisi/melengkapi untuk kesernegian dan
menghindari adanya tumpang tindih dan
kelebihan program.
Menyediakan dan melaksanakan secara
teknik pra-pemadaman seperti fuel break,
Memastikan program rehabilitasi
green belt di dalam yurisdiksi (hutan lindung,
mendukung kesejahteraan
perkebunan) dan memastikan serta
masyarakat
menjalankan pra-pemadaman dan
pemadaman di pemilik lahan dilaksanakan.
Memastikan rencana anggaran pengelolaan
kebakaran terhubungi/terpenuhi satu sama
lain dr lembaga pengelolaan lahan
Memastikan koordiansi berjalan anatar
stakeholder pengelola kebakaran melalui
rapat koordinasi dan tugas sehari-hari.
Mengidentifikasi spesialisasi dan kwalifikasi posisi
kebakaran serta pengembangan program
pembentukan kapasitas dalam sistem, organisasi
dan tingkat individu.
Lembaga Pendukung Utama
BMG, LAPAN, Dept. Kehutanan, BPN, Polri, internet yg
tersedia sbg sumber informasi cuaca, asap, dll.
Dinas Lingkungan, Pendidikan dan Kesehatan,
Jaringan Pendidikan Lingkungan (JPL), Badan
Kepegawaian Daerah (BKD), Dinas
Pertambangan
Bapedalda, Kesbanglinmas, Agriculture services,
Perhubungan, PU
Kesbanglinmas, Hansip, Private Sector
Dinas Kehutanan, Perkebunan,
Pertanian, BPN dan Dinas Sosial
Bappeda and instansi pengelola
kebakaran/lahan
SOPs, Pedoman, contoh,
Tingkatan Siaga berdasarkan data-data dan informasi-informasi kebakaran
referensi, dll. yg. sudah ada
Penetapan Tingkatan Siaga mengacu pada Fire Danger Rating, Prakiraan Cuaca, Titik Panas (Hotspot), Kondisi Asap dan Kabut, serta Kegiatan
 Contoh Pedoman Penentuan Kriteria
Siaga Kebakaran Hutan dan Lahan
Propisini Kalimantan Timur
Kebakaran
 Contoh Info Situasi Kebakaran
Mingguan KalTim
Catatan : Penentuan Siaga
normal
Siaga III
Siaga II
Siaga I
dikeluarkan/diintruksikan oleh para
penanggung jawab pengelola Lahan, Hutan,
pemerintah daerah Kabupaten/Kota, Propinsi
Secara regular memonitor, menganalis dan
memproses semua informasi dan laporan data
kebakaran dari tingkatan kab./kota melalui semua
alat yg tersedia
Secara regular memonitor, menganalis dan
memproses semua informasi dan laporan
data kebakaran dari tingkatan kab./kota
melalui semua alat yg tersedia
Minimal 5 hari seminggu memonitor,
menganalis dan memproses semua informasi
dan laporan data kebakaran dari tingkatan
kab./kota melalui semua alat yg tersedia
Setiap hari memonitor, menganalis dan
memproses semua informasi dan laporan data
kebakaran dari tingkatan kab./kota melalui
semua alat yg tersedia
2
Menyebarkan informasi kebakaran secara regular
kpd semua stakeholder yg relevan
Menyebarkan informasi kebakaran secara
regular kpd semua stakeholder yg relevan
Menyebarkan informasi kebakaran minimal 5
hari seminggu kpd semua stakeholder yg
relevan
Menyebarkan informasi kebakaran setiap hari
kpd semua stakeholder yg relevan
3
Perencanaan dan anggaran pradominan kegiatan
kebakaran dan memperbaharui data dr rencana
Moblisasi Pencegahan/Pemadaman (FSPM)
Propinsi
Anggaran untuk kegiatan pengelolaan
kebakaran tersedia dan data FSPM
diperbaharui
Anggaran untuk kegiatan pengelolaan
kebakaran tersedia dan data FSPM
diperbaharui
Berdasarkan dr informasi kebakaran dan
instruksi dr elit politik bahwa Mobilisasi
Pencegahan/Pemadaman (FSPM) mengambil
posisi dlm pemadaman semua kebakaran
vegetasi di propinsi dan tambahan anggaran (on
call) biaya tersedia.
4
Tidak dilakukannya patroli dan penditeksian
langsung dilapangan
Patroli atau diteksi taktis dilakukan apabila
diperlukan tergantung pada kondisi lokal
Patroli dan diteksi taktis dilakukan minimal 5
hari perminggu
Patroli dan diteksi dilakukan setiap hari
5
Memastikan semua peralatan kebakaran siap
digunakan dan terawat dgn baik.
Memastikan semua personil dan peralatan
kebakaran siap bergerak dan terawat dgn
baik.
Semua personil dan peralatan harus siap
pakai serta mesin slip on dan truk pick up
penuh dg alat sbg alat pemadaman awal/dini.
Semua personil dan peralatan harus siap pakai
dan mesin slip on unit dan truk pick up terisi dgn
alat sbg alat pemadaman dini dan seterusnya
6
Pemadaman kebakaran vegetasi apabila
mengancam spesifik thp sumber yg bernilai.
Pemadaman kebakaran vegetasi apabila
mengancam spesifik thp sumber yg bernilai.
Pemadaman dini thp kebakaran sbg jalan
keluar batas pra-perencanaan dan apabila
mengancam thp spesifik sumber yg bernilai.
Instruksi dari para pemimpin politik bahwa
rencana Mobilisasi Pemadaman Kebakaran
(FSM) telah siap utk memadamkan semua
kebakaran vegetasi di propinsi.
7
Mengembangkan dan memperbaharui strategi
peningkatan/pendidikan pencegahan kebakaran
dan melanjutkan program pencegahan seterusnya
Memulai "target" program pencegahan
kebakaran di "areal rawan" (sosialisasi
hukum dan peraturan, kampanye
pencegahan, perpanjangan program thp
petani lokal, dll)
Fokus program pencegahan kebakaran untuk Fokus program pencegahan kebakaran untuk
areal dimana api menyebar ke "areal yg tinggi areal dimana api menyebar ke "areal yg tinggi
rawan" kebakarannya
rawan" kebakarannya
8
Secara terus menerus melaksanakan pelatihan staf Memulai pelatihan penyegaran utk
informasi, pencegahan dan pemadaman kebakaran pemadaman kebakaran
1
sampai dengan tingkatan Nasional. Sebagai
contoh yaitu Kepala Taman Nasional,
Bupati/Walikota, Gubernur sampai dengan
Menteri dan apabila dirasa penting oleh
Presiden.
Kegiatan utama
yg diperlukan
9
Menginformasikan dan memberikan saran kpd
para pemimpin politik apabila diperlukan untuk Para pemimpin politik mengberitahukan
mengambil tindakan "larangan membakar"
"larangan membakar" dan perluasan penegakan
dan mengurangi penggunaan api dlm
hukum dilaksanakan
pembukaan lahan oleh masyarakat lokal.
normal
1
2
Environmental
services
enforcement
Level I
Prepare a monthly fire situation report of the
province/districts that includes:
Prepare a weekly fire situation report of the
province/district that includes
Prepare a daily fire situation report of the
Prepare twice a day fire situation report of the
etc.)
t Hotspot information (NOAA-AVHRR,
MODIS etc.)
t FDR information, weather/climate
predictions
t Wind
t Fire reports of the districts, sub districts or
local fire centres.
Weekly determined readiness level based on
fire information (mentioned above) and
according to readiness determination
guideline
Continuous training of staff for fire
information, suppression and prevention
Actively request fire reports from the
respective land management agencies
indirectly to the agency responsible for the
area that is on fire, or the closest security
agencies by using any kind of communication
means
t Hotspot information (NOAA-AVHRR,
MODIS etc.)
t FDR information, weather/climate
predictions
t Wind
local fire centres.
etc.)
3
Regularly determined readiness level based on fire
information (mentioned above) and according to
4
Training to new personal and additional training
5
Review and improve fire reporting system
6
Prepare information dissemination commando
structure and list of involved fire management
parties that include person in charge, telephone
number, e-mail, facsimile.
7
Prepare and up-date fire equipment and personal
data bank
8
Request and compile digital spatial data (land
cover, infrastructure, settlements & transmigrations,
land use & land tenure boundaries) from the
respective land management agencies
9
10
Analyze historical fire statistics based on fire reports
Implement existing law enforcement team
Conduct fire investigation surveys based on
Analysis and law
Level II
references
Prepare routine fire information budgeting based on
Budget for fire information activities is in place Budget for fire information activities is in place Budget for fire information activities is in place
the following activities
t Wind
t Fire reports of the districts, sub districts or local
fire centres.
Information &
Level III
t Wind
local fire centres.
Daily determined readiness level based on fire Daily determined readiness level based on fire
information (mentioned above) and according information (mentioned above) and according to
to readiness determination guideline
Actively request fire reports from the respective
land management agencies
indirectly to the agency responsible for the
area that is on fire, or the closest security
agencies by using any kind of communication
means
 Pedoman Penentuan Kriteria Siaga
Kebakran Hutan dan Lahan Propsini
Kalimantan Timur
 Contoh Info Situasi Kebakaran
Mingguan KalTim
 Pedoman Penentuan Kriteria Siaga
Kebakran Hutan dan Lahan Propsini
Kalimantan Timur
Actively request fire reports from the respective
land management agencies
indirectly to the agency responsible for the area
that is on fire, or the closest security agencies
by using any kind of communication means
 Contoh data base untuk SumSel
disediakan oleh SSFFMP
Conduct fire investigation surveys based on fire Conduct fire investigation surveys based on fire
references
1
2
3
normal
Prepare routine fire prevention budgeting based on
the following activities
Based on the fire causes prepare prevention
Establish Community based Fire Management
Level III
Level II
Level I
Budget for fire information activities is in place Budget for fire information activities is in place Budget for fire information activities is in place
 CBFiM concept East Kalimantan,
t Pembentukan Regu Pemadam di desa-desa.
t Pelatihan Dasar Pengelolaan Kebakaran.
t Penyediaan bantuan peralatan pemadam
t Pemberian insentif lain (income generating
t Pelatihan Sistem Informasi Kebakaran
t Pelatihan Kelembagaan Organisasi Tingkat
Desa (Institutional Strengthening)\
t Penyusunan Peraturan Desa (Legal Drafting)
4
Forest/Agricult
t Monitoring Regu Pemadam Kebakaran
t Pelatihan Training of Trainer (TOT)
Pengelolaan Kebakaran.
Prepare Fire Prevention Mobilisation Plan (FPMP)
that include
t the preparation of fire prevention data base
(trained extension workers, teachers, Boy Scout,
relevant NGOs) that include also the available
prevention material resources
t develop communication, coordination and
cooperation mechanism
 Makalah: "Peraturan Kampung
Sebagai Salah Satu Bentuk Pelaksanaan
otonomi kampung " oleh E. Marbyanto ,
CBFiM concept East Kalimantan
Forest/Agricult
ure/Estate
t establish cooperative agreements with adjoining
fire agencies, communities and concession/estate
crop holders and other relevant parties
Prevention
Crop services
5
6
7
8
9
Develop and review training programs and provide
training of trainer for school teachers, agricultural
extension workers, land management company
staff, religious village
Identify, design and produce
prevention/environmental education and fire
information material (school curriculum, booklet,
flyer, poster, Si Pongi comic books, etc.)
Apply prevention material through campaign and
extension programs to schools and communities
Produce and install public boards concerning fire
Produce short TV spot and prevention messages
about the negative economic, ecologic and social
impact of fire.
Refresher training for extension worker etc.
 Material from SSFFMP, MoF, UPTDKalTim
Intensify socialization of prevention material
and conduct extension of fire prevention
activities in areas with high fire risk (according
Highly intensify socialization of prevention
material and conduct extension of fire
prevention activities in areas with high fire risk
Continuous socialization of prevention material
and conduct extension of fire prevention
activities in areas with high fire risk (according
Advertised and air the prevention messages
in the press media and TV stations.
Continuously advertised and air the prevention Continuously advertised and air he prevention
messages in the press media and TV station. messages in the press media and TV station.
 Pembakaran terkendali oleh E.
Marbyanto berdasarkan Sk Dirjen
Perlindungan Hutan dan Pelestarian
Alam No. 47/KPTS/DJ-VI/1997 tentang
Petunjuk Teknis Pembakaran
Terkendali.,
10
Develop and review guidelines/regulations and
provide training for controlled burning in the small
holder sector (fuel break, green belt, suppression
techniques)
11
Prepare and review participative village/land use
planning map for sustainable village development
SSFFMP examples
12
Develop fire free income programs through research
and implement and magnify them through
respective extension work
 Establishment of field examples on
income generating activities as part of
fire prevention measures-SSFFMP
material
normal
1
Prepare routine and on-call fire preparedness
budgeting based on the following activities
2
Prepare operational Fire Suppression Mobilization
Plan (FSMP) to make the resource mobilization
more effective and efficient to respond to (large
scale) fire events and fire emergency. This include:
t data collection and preparation and
maintenance of fire suppression data base
(equipment, personnel
t develop communication, coordination and
cooperation mechanism
Patrol areas of smallholder agriculture fire
use and supervise farmers in controlled
burning
Level III
Budget for fire preparedness and presuppression activities is in place
Level II
Budget for fire preparedness and presuppression activities is in place
Level I
references
On call budget for fire suppression activities is in
place and additional (on call) budget is available
 South Sumatra Mobilisation Plan from
1999, Mobilisation Plan Kutai Barat 2001
Check all fire suppression equipment and
readiness of the fire crews
t establish cooperative agreements with adjoining
fire agencies, communities and concession/estate
crop holders and other relevant parties
t Set up regional fire command posts (POSKO)
with sufficient trained personal, equipment and
communication tools
3
4
Forest
(include.
BKSDA) and
Preparedness
5
Request up to date land use, fire risk information,
maps etc. from district and provincial level
6
Supervise and control the pre-suppression activates
Ensure that fire breaks are maintained and
such as fuel breaks, green belts in the respective
cleared
area.
7
Prepare and review guideline of fire management
and supervise / control the fire management plans
and capacities of concession/plantation holders
Estate crop
Services
Prepare and review fire management plans, as well Conduct simulation on fire response/initial
as operational plans for POSKO.
attack scenario
Conduct regular resource assessments of the
equipment conditions, logistics, look out towers,
purchase new equipment if necessary and provide
trained fire control staffs
 Pembentukan Pusat Pengendalian
Kabakaran Hutan Daerah oleh UPTD
Pengendalian Kebakaran Hutan dan
Lahan die Kalimantan Timur, Material
from SSFFMP
Operational Plan examples from
SSFFMP, Kaltim and other countries
 Examples from SSFFMP, UPTDKaltim
8
9
10
Conduct refresher training and training for new
crews
Develop a detection network using fire crew patrols
and villager reports
Request (from Fire Information unit) or prepare,
review maps of the area of responsibility (initial
response area) showing the following locations:
t Security posts)
t Road, river network (closed or open)
t Pre-established fire breaks
t Water points – mark on map and ground
t Natural reserves/riparian strips/conservation
areas
t Community residential and agricultural areas
t Topography
t Offices, residences, company
infrastructure/buildings
Continuous training of staff for fire
suppression
Patrols or tactical detection performed as
needed by local conditions
Patrols and tactical detection occur minimum 5
days per week
t Vegetation cover/fuel loads/fire hazard/fire risk
t Land Use, administrative boundaries
t Warning sign boards
normal
1
Suppression
Estate crop
services
2
based on fire response procedures for fire-fighter
mobilisation, Incident Command System
organisation and Initial attack
3
1
Each agency prepares fire rehabilitation budgeting
based on burned area assessment and land use
development plans
2
Coordinate and oversee the rehabilitation measures
of the respective land management agencies: Site
Selection and identifcation of future land use
3
Prepare the fire preventive rehabilitation measures
4
Prepare the rehabilitation programs to support the
communities
Planning
services (land
management
Rehabilitation
agencies)
1
2
Disaster
management
services
Budget for fire suppression activities is in
place
Level II
Coordination of
interagency fire
Initiate and conduct regular interagency
Collect data base and overall fire information to
monitor and control preparedness quality and
anticipate up coming long dry season and/or El
Nino events
3
Prepare the cooperation policy among the fire
management agencies
4
Observe and protect the communities from the
certain area closed to the fire and evacuated them if
necessary
5
Ensure dissemination and installation of fire danger
awareness and warning information
6
Evaluation of the fire activities implementation
management
activities
Level I
references
Budget for fire suppression activities is in place Budget for fire suppression activities is in place
and additional (on call) budget is available
and additional (on call) budget is available
All agency fire personnel assigned to fire line duties All agency fire personnel assigned to fire line All agency fire personnel assigned to fire line
will complete annual refresher training
duties will complete annual refresher training duties will complete annual refresher training
Forest
(include.
BKSDA) and
Prepare routine fire suppression budgeting
Level III
All agency fire personnel assigned to fire line
duties will complete annual refresher training
based on fire response procedures for firefighter mobilisation, Incident Command
System organisation and Initial attack
based on fire response procedures for firefighter mobilisation, Incident Command
System organisation and Initial attack and
extended attack or large, multi-day fire fighting
efforts (Fire Suppression/Prevention Plan)
based on fire response procedures for firefighter mobilisation, Incident Command System
organisation and Initial attack and extended
attack or large, multi-day fire fighting efforts (Fire
Suppression/Prevention Plan)
Monthly initiate and conduct regular
interagency coordination meetings
Biweekly Initiate and conduct regular
interagency coordination meetings
Weekly initiate and conduct regular interagency
 Many SOP examples for fire
operations are available such as from
SSFFMP, East Kalimantan, other
countries etc.
Example of Interagency Standards for fire
and fire aviation Operations 2003 from
USA, book available at SSFFMP, Example
of DRAFt ASEAN agreement on regional
interagency cooperation
December 2004
Appendix 6
Draft Fire Management Budget Plan
- 31 -
Estimate Cost Forest Fire Management
Information & Analysis and Law Inforcement
Activities
No.
1
Amount
Total
Administration ;
-
1
packet
4.000.000
4.000.000
1
packet
5.000.000
5.000.000
1
packet
5.000.000
5.000.000
1
packet
6.000.000
6.000.000
Documentation
film, bateray, printing & film
develop, cassetes, CD transfers,
1
packet
5.000.000
5.000.000
2
Office procurement
computers, printer, plotter, GPS,
scanner, including catriges/inks,
1
packet
100.000.000
100.000.000
3
Digital datas collected Maps produceds by GIS
1
packet
10.000.000
10.000.000
-
Stationeries
papers, folders, envelopes, pens,
pencils, stapler, clips, stabiles,
Copy and binding
(data's, reporting,letters,etc)
-
Mailling and data/report distribution
letters, fire information data / report
-
Meeting /Workshop / Seminar
snacks and/or lunch
-
Forests, Plantations, HPH/HTI, and
adm.boundaries, settlements, land
cover, transmigrations datas
Maps produceds
5
6
7
-
Fire risk area maps
-
Land use village maps
-
Others
Maintenances and services
-
Telephone and facsimile
12
months
1.000.000
12.000.000
-
Internet / LC
12
months
5.000.000
60.000.000
-
Computer, printer, plotter, etc
1
packet
10.000.000
10.000.000
-
Weather stasion
1
packet
6.000.000
6.000.000
-
Travel to Jakarta and others
5
person
4.750.000
23.750.000
-
Within Sumsel
10
person
3.000.000
30.000.000
-
Fields checking; hotspot checking, etc
20
person
1.500.000
30.000.000
-
Computer plus data base, etc
1
packet
2.000.000
2.000.000
-
GPS trainning
1
packet
2.000.000
2.000.000
-
GIS training
1
packet
25.000.000
25.000.000
-
Fire reporting system training
1
packet
5.000.000
5.000.000
-
FDR training
1
packet
5.000.000
5.000.000
-
English training
1
packet
20.000.000
20.000.000
packet
100.000.000
100.000.000
Travel
Training
Cost includes;
Stationaries,training
material copies,
documentation,
certificate, banner,
invitations, etc.
Transport
Accomodation
Foods
Trainer fee/ speaker fee/ moderator fee
Committee member fee
Pocket money only for comunities
8
Law enforcement
1
investigation honorarium/insentives team
travel expenses
others;
Total
465.750.000
December 2004
Appendix 7
Current Fire Management Structures
in Indonesia
- 32 -
Kelembagaan Pengelolaan Kebakaran di
Indonesia
?
Kelembagaan di Indonesia saat ini
WAKIL PRESIDEN
NASIONAL
KETUA BAKORNAS PB&P
BAKORNAS PB&P
MENKO KESRA
SET BAKORNAS PB&P
Dephut
MNLH
BMG, LAPAN, BPPT, Perg.
Tinggi, BASARNAS, AU, dll
Proyek BLN (EU, JICA,
GTZ, ADB, dll)LSM
DJ PKHA
PUSDALOPS
GUBERNUR
PROPINSI
KASATKORLAK
Sek. SATKORLAK
Satkorlak PB&P
KesBangLinMas
Balai KSDA
BAPEDALDA
DISHUT PROP
BRIGDALKAR
BUPATI
KABUPATEN
St.BMG, Perg. Tinggi,
TNI/POLRI, Proyek BLN,
LSM,dll.
Seksi Wil. KSDA
KASATLAK
Sek. SATLAK
Satlak PB&P
BAPEDALKAB
KesBangLinMas
DISHUT KAB
Balai TN
Brigdalkar DAOPS
DAOPS
CAMAT
KECAMATAN & DESA
KAOPERASI
Unit Operasi PB&P
Kades/Lurah
KAHANSIP/LinMAS
Garis Kommando
Garis Koordinasi
Garis Regu Pemadaman
Regu Damkar
Lahan
-
Masyarakat
Lahan/
Perkebunan Inti
Rakyat
Hutan lindung
St.BMG, Perg. Tinggi,
TIMSAR, AU, TNI/POLRI,
Proyek BLN (EU, JICA,
GTZ, ADB, dll). LSM
Brigdalkarhut DAOPS
Swasta
(HPH/HTI/
Perkebunan)
Hutan produksi/
Perkebunan
LSM,Pramuka,
TNI,POLR,I dll
Kawasan Hutan
Konservasi
Kelembagaan Tingkat Nasional
Ikut Bakornas PBP, 2000
Sektor Utama
Penanggulangan Kebakaran Hutan/Lahan
Masyarakat
Pemerintah
Menko Kesra & Taskin
Ketua Bakornas PBP
LH
Pemantauan &
Evaluasi
Api, Asap,
Dampak
Lembaga daerah
Bapedalda
Pencegahan
Pelaporan
Pemadaman
Sekretariat
Bakornas PB
Dephut
Koordinasi
darurat
Api
& Asap
Operasi
Pemadaman
Kebakaran &
Pencegahan
LSM,
Pramuka,
dll.
Lembaga daerah
SATKORLAK/
SATLAK PBP
Lembaga daerah
DisHut/BKSDA
Swasta
Dukungan sumber daya dan informasi
LH
Pemantauan & Evaluasi
Api, Asap, Dampak
Peringatan dini
•Prediksi Cuaca
•Prediksi Dispersi
Asap
•Peta Risiko
•Peringkat Bahaya
Kebakaran
Diteksi
•Diteksi Sateli Hotspot
& Asap
•Diteksi area
kebakaran & Asap
•Tracking Api & Asap
•Investigasi Penyebab
Kebakaran &
Dampaknya
Advokasi
• Penegakan Hukum
•Informasi Kajian
Situasi
•Kerjasama Regional
(ASEAN agreement)
•Advokasi/Evaluasi
Repsons pemadaman
Dephut
Operasi
Pemadaman,Kebakaran &
Pencegahan
Pencegahan
•Pendidikan & Peningkatan
Kesadaran Masyarakat
•Perijinan Pengunan lahan: use
of fire, control, responsibility
•Mengelola bahan bakar
•Insentif Ekonomi & administrasi
Pemadaman
• Pra-Pemadaman: Kesiapsiagan,
diteksi lokal
•Pemadaman dini dengan sumber
sectoral
•Pemadaman skala besar (extended
attack) dengan sumber cross
sectoral (Mobilisasi dan koordinasi
dengan sektor lain
Struktur organisasi Brigade Pengendalian Kebakaran
(Mangala Agni)
Menteri Kehutanan
DIRJEN PHKA
PUDALOPS-NAS
Perencanaan
Operasi
Perencanaan
Pemadaman
Pasca Kebakaran
Balai KSDA
BRIGDALKARHUT Propinsi
Seksi Wil. KSDA
Seksi Wil. KSDA
Balai/Unit TN
BRIGDALKARHUT DAOPS I
Kab. A,B, C
BRIGDALKARHUT DAOPS
II Kab. D, E, F, G
BRIGDALKARHUT
DAOPS TN
Kawasan Hutan
Propinsi
PUSDALOPS-NAS
Kepala Balai KSDA
BRIGDALKARHUT
Propinsi
Perencanann
Sumber Daya
Mon., Analisis
& Program
SDM
Pencegahan
Regu DamKar
Anggaran
Logistik
Yustisi
Specialis
Kerugian &
Kompensasi
Pencegahan &
Pasca Kebakaran
Pasca- KarHut
BRIGDALKARHUT DAERAH
OPERASI
Operasi
Pemadaman
Wilayah KSDA
Kepala Balai KSDA
BRIGDALKARHUT
Propinsi
Kepala Seksi Wilayah
KSDA
BRIGDALKARHUT
DAERAH OPERASI
Perencanan
Pencegahan &
Yustisi
Logistik
Operasi
Pemadaman
Penyuluhan
Peralatan
Regu DamKar
Pengelolaan
Bahan Bakar
Akomodasi &
Konsumsi
Sukarelawan
Peringkatan &
Deteksi
Komunikasi
Yustisi
Transportasi
UPTD (DisHut) Pengendalian Kebakaran Hutan & Lahan
Kalimantan Timur
KEPALA UPTD
PENGENDALIAN
KEBAKARAN HUTAN
dan LAHAN
KASUBBAG TATA
USAHA
PERENCANAN &
PROGRAM
KEUANGAN
UMUM
KEPEGAWAIAN
KEPALA SEKSI
PENCEGAHAN DAN
OPERASIONAL
PENYULUHAN
&
PENDIDIDKAN
LINGKUNGAN
PENGENDALIAN
KEBAKARAN
BERBASIS
MASYARAKAT
KEPALA SEKSI
MONITORING & EVALUASI
PELATIHAN
&
PENGEMBANGAN
OPERASIONAL,
LOGISTIK &
PERGUDANGAN
PENGOLAHAN
DATA
PENGINDERAAN
JAUH, SIG &
INDEKS
KEKERINGAN
PENGUMPULAN,
DISTRIBUSI
&
KOORDINASI
INFORMASI
Struktur kelembagaan Pengendalian Kebakaran Hutan
dan Lahan Kabupaten Kutai Timur
BUPATI
BUPATI
UPTD
UPTDPKHL
PKHL
Kalimantan
KalimantanTimur
Timur
Dinas
DinasKehutanan
Kehutanan//
Lingkungan
LingkunganHidup
Hidup
Dinas
Dinas//Instansi
InstansiTerkait
Terkait
Pelaku
PelakuUsaha
Usahadan
danMasyarakat
Masyarakat
Kepala UPTD PKHL
Bagian Tata Usaha
Bagian Monitoring dan
Evaluasi
Bagian Operasional dan
Pencegahan
Regu Pemadam
Regu Pemadam
Regu Pemadam
UPTD PKHL Kabupaten Kutai Timur
Model Kelembagaan PKHL Kota Balikpapan
UPTD-PKHL
Samarinda
Kelembagaan AD HOC
Tk. Kota
Leader: BAPEDALDA
Member:
Ktr. Pemadam Kebakaran
KTR. PEMADAM
KEBAKARAN
UPTD Peredaran Hsl Hutan
PERTAMINA
UNOCAL
UPT-PKHL
KPK
POKMAS CEGAH
KARHUT
BP HLSW
UP-DIV PAM
TOTAL
INHUTANI
BAKOM PKB
Garis koordinasi/konsultasi
Garis kendali dan komando
Garis kendali dan komando internal
Model 2 Kelembagaan Ad Hoc PKHL Kab. Kutai
Penasehat
Barat
Garis Komando
Bupati
Garis Koordinasi
Administrasi
Dishut
Bid. Informasi
Humas Kab.
ORARI
Dishut
Ketua
Kadishut
Danramil
Bid. Pencegahan
Dishut
Distan
Dis. Pemb. Masy.
Dewan Adat
LSM
Keuangan
Dishut
Bid. Operasional
Dishut
Dishub
Seksi Pengolahan
Data dan Informasi
Seksi Pelatihan dan
Sosialisasi
Seksi Pemadaman
Seksi Penyebaran
Informasi
Seksi Peraturan dan
Perundang-undangan
Seksi Logistik/
Peralatan
Seksi Pengembangan
Organisasi
Seksi Mobilisasi &
Prosedur Tetap
Struktur organisasi Pusat Pengendalian Kebakaran
Hutan & Lahan (PUSDALKARHUTLA) di Riau
PUSDALKARHUTLA
Ketua
Pengarah / Pembina
Wakil Guburnur Riau
Wakil Ketua
MUSPIDA Riau
Assis.Ekbang & Kesra
Sekretaris bersama
Instansi terkait
Bidang
Pemantauan &
Pencegahan
Dinas/ Instansi
terkait
Bidang
Penanggulangan
(Pemadaman)
Bidang
Penegakan
Hukum (Yustisi)
Dinas/ Instansi
terkait
Dinas/ Instansi
terkait
SATLAK
DALKARHUTLA
SATGAS
DALKARHUTLA
REGDAMKARHUTLA
Propinsi
Kabupaten/Kota
Kecamatan
Desa/Lokasi/Perusahaan
Struktur SATKORLAK
Bagaimana bisa jalan di dalam aspek PKHL…?
Tingkat Nasional
Bakornas PBP
Sekretarias
Bakornas
Ketua Gubnr
Tingkat Propinsi
Gugus tugas khusus
kebakaran
Satkorlak PBP
Sekretaris Pelaksana
Harian KesBangLinMas
Ketua Bpti/Wkota
Anggota kebakaran
dari pihak yg. terkait
Gugus tugas khususTingkat
kebakaran
Satlak PBP
Sekretaris Pelaksana
Harian KesBangLinMas
Ketua Camat
Anggota kebakaran
dari pihak yg. terakit
Gugus tugas khususTingkat
kebakaran
Unit Operasi PBP
Pelaksana Harian
Pejabat Fungsi Linmas
Kabupaten
Regu-regu kebakaran
Kecamatan
Ketua
Gubernur
Struktur SATKORLAK di SumSel
mengenai masalah kebakaran….
Ketua I
Pangdem/Danrem
Ketua II
Kapolda/Kapolwil
Sekretaris Pelaksana Harian
SATKORLAK - KesBangLinMas
Tata usaha
Data &
Informasi
Logistik
Operasi
Tim Reaski Cepat
(TRC)
DisHut, Bapedalda, DisTrans,
KesBangLinMas, BMG, Air force, SAR,
DisKes,DisBun, DisHub, InfoKom,
Badan Ketanahan ,ORARI, Swasta (PT
PUSRI), PMI, YONIF 145, Pramuka.
Rehabilitasi,
rekonstruksi,
relokasi
GUGUS TUGAS
Pengendalian
Kebakaran
Hutan/Lahan
16 anggota + Ketua
Usualan I Pusat Pengelolaan Kebakaran Hutan dan Lahan Sumatra
Selatan Tingkat Propinsi
Ketua/Wakil Ketua
Assisten II
Bidang Secretariat
Koordinator bidang:
Dinas Kehutanan/Kesbanglinmas
Bidang Pemantauan
& Informasi & Yustisi
Bidang Pencegahan &
Penanggulangan
Kordinator/Tangung
Jawab: Bapedalda
Kordinator/Tangung
Jawab: Dinas
Kehutanan
Bidang Pemulihan
Kordinator/Tangung
Jawab: Perkebunan
Sektor utama yang kerjasama didalam program
1 BMG
2 Dinas Kehutanan
3 Dinas Kesehatan
4 Infokom
5 POLDA & Jajaranya
6 PPNS yg. terkait
7 Biro Hukum & Ortala
8 Kejadi
1 Kesbanglinmas
1 Bappeda
2 BKSDA
2 DinKesSos
3 Dinas Pertanian
Tanaman Pangan
3 Dinas Pertanian
Tanaman Pangan
4 Dinas Transmigrasi &
Pendukukan
4 Dinas Kehutanan
5 Dinas Pertambangan
6 PPDAS Musi
5 Bapedalda
Usualan II Pusat Pengelolaan Kebakaran Hutan dan Lahan
Sumatra Selatan Tingkat Propinsi
Ketua/Wakil Ketua
Assisten II
Bidang Secretariat
Dinas Kehutanan/Kasi
Penanggulangan Kebakaran Hutan
Bidang Pemantauan
& Informasi
Bidang Pencegahan &
Penanggulangan
1 Kepala BMG
1 Kepala Kesbanglinmas
2 Kepala Dinas Perhubungan
2 BKSDA
3 Kasubdin INTAG
Kehutanan
3 Kepala Dinas Pertanian
Tanaman Pangan
4 Technical Assistant GIS
SSFFMP
4 Kepala Dinas Transmigrasi &
Pendukukan
5 Kepala Dinas Pertambangan
& Pengembangan
6 Kasubdin Proteksi Tanaman
Dinas Perkebunan
Bidang Pemulihan
Bidang Yustisi/
Hukum
1 Kepala Dinas
Perkebunan
1 Kabid Pemulihan
Bapedlda
3 Dinas Pertanian
Tanaman Pangan
2 Kadit Serse Polda
4 Kasubdin RHL
Kehutanan
3 PPNS Kehutanan
Usulan berdasakan diskusi Struktur Kelembagaan
Pengelolaan Kebakaran Hutan dan Lahan di Kab. Muba
SATLAK
Pengeloloaan Kebakaran
Bidang Pencegahan &
Penyuluhan
Pertanian Perkebunan Kehutanan
Bidang Informasi &
Monitoring & Yustisi
Bapedalda
Infokom
Bagian Administrasi,
Keuangan & Koordinasi
KesBangLinMas
Bidang Operasional &
Penanggulangan
PDE
BKSDA
Kehutanan
Peraturan &
Perundangan
Pengumpulan &
Pengelolaan
data/informasi
Mobilisasi
Pelatihan,
Penyuluhan &
Sosialisasi
Penyebaran &
Pelaporan
data/informasi
Logisitk
Penegakan
Hukum
Pemadaman
Sumber bahan Pendidikan
Disdik, dll.
Sumber Informasi Kebakaran:
BMG, LAPAN, JICA, ASMC, dll.
Sumber regu-regu:
Dishut, masyrakat, swasta
dll.
Konsep dasar Kelembagan Pengelolaan
Kebakaran Hutan & Lahan di OKI
Oki Pokja I
Pencegahan & Penyuluhan
Pemadaman & Pengendalian
Restorasi & Rehabilitasi
SSFFMP
SSFFMP
SSFFMP
Dishutbun
Kantor Linmas
Disbun
Kalinmas
Disbun
Dislinkup Pertanian
Dislinkup Pertanian
Perusahan
Dinas Kesos
Perusahsan
Kantor Pertanbangan & LH
Perusahaan Perkebunan &
Kehutanan
Camat
Dinas Naker & Kesos
ORMAS
Kepala Desa
Camat
Lembaga Adat
Kepala Desa
Kelompok KTNA
Organisasi Masyrakat (ORMAS)
Konsep dasar Kelembagaan Pengelolaan
Kebakaran Hutan & Lahan di Banyuasin
Banyuasin Pokja I
Pencegahan & Penyuluhan
Pemadaman & Pengendalian
Restorasi & Rehabilitasi
Dishutbun
PBK Kesbang & Linmas
Bappeda
Distan
Regu Pemadam Kebakaran
Perusahan Perkebunan &
Kehutanan
Dishutbun
Kesbanglinmas
Karhutla Dishutbun
Perusahaan Perkebunan &
Kehutanan
Disdik
PT. Expan
PT. Exspan
Kepala Desa
Regu PBK Desa
BPN
Tokoh Masyrakat
Masyarakat
Distamben & LH

Institutional Development For Integrated Fire Management in South

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