workshop - University Of Worcester

WORKSHOP
LATEST TECHNOLOGIES
FOR
CROP IMPROVEMENT
22-27 February, 2015,
Venezia Palace Hotel, Antalya, Turkey
WORKSHOP
LATEST
TECHNOLOGIES
FOR CROP
IMPROVEMENT
22-27 February, 2015,
Venezia Palace Hotel, Antalya,
Turkey
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WORKSHOP
LATEST TECHNOLOGIES FOR
CROP IMPROVEMENT
Organized by
University of Worcester, UK,
University of Warwick, UK,
Sabanci University, Turkey
Trakya University, Turkey
With support from
British Council,
Turkish Seed Union (TURKTOB),
Plant Breeders Union of Turkey (BISAB),
Turkish Seed Industry and Producers Union (TSUAB)
Turkish Plant Breeders Association (TUBID),
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ORGANIZING COMMITTEE
NAME
Prof Dr Mahmut TÖR
INSTITUTION
University of Worcester-UNITED KINGDOM
DUTY
UK Coordinator
Prof Dr Hikmet BUDAK
Sabanci University - TURKEY
Turkish Coordinator
Assoc Prof Dr Yalçın KAYA
Trakya University – TURKEY
Mentor
Prof Dr Eric HOLUB
University of Warwick - UNITED KINGDOM
Mentor
SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE
NAME
DUTY
COUNTRY
INSTITUTION
University of
Prof Dr Mahmut TÖR
UK Coordinator
UNITED KINGDOM
Prof Dr Hikmet BUDAK
Turkish Coordinator TURKEY
Sabanci University
Assoc Prof Dr Yalçın KAYA
Mentor
Trakya University
TURKEY
Worcester
University of
Prof Dr Eric HOLUB
Prof Dr Ian CRUTE
Mentor
UNITED KINGDOM
Warwick
Agric & Hortic. Dev.
Member
UNITED KINGDOM
Board
Asst Prof Dr Necmi BEŞER
Member
TURKEY
Trakya University
Assoc Prof Dr Taner AKAR
Member
TURKEY
Akdeniz University
Prof Dr Bülent UZUN
Member
TURKEY
Akdeniz University
Asst Prof Dr Semra
Member
HASANCEBI
Asst Prof Dr Ufuk DEMIREL Member
TURKEY
Trakya University
TURKEY
Niğde University
THE EDITORS OF PROCEEDING BOOK OF ABSTRACTS
Assoc Prof Dr Yalcin KAYA,
Prof Dr Mahmut TÖR,
Prof Dr Hikmet BUDAK,
Prof Dr Eric HOLUB
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“LATEST TECHNOLOGIES FOR CROP IMPROVEMENT” WORKSHOP PROGRAMME
SUNDAY, FEBRUARY 22, 2015
16 00 - 17 30 REGISTRATION
17 30 - 18 30 WELCOME COCKTAIL
MONDAY, FEBRUARY 23, 2015
8 30 9 30
Registration
30
45
9 10
Opening Talk:
Prof Dr. Mahmut TÖR (University of Worcester)
45
30
9 10
Key Note Speaker: Prof Ian Crute
Science and Agricultural Productivity: placing crop genetic improvement into context,
Session Chair: Prof Eric Holub (University of Warwick)
30
00
10 11
Coffee break
1100 1300 1st Session: Speed Networking
Session Chair: Prof Eric Holub (University of Warwick)
Participants each spend 5min with one other before moving to a new partner. This will
introduce them to each other and enable them to learn about each other’s work.
00
00
13 14
Lunch
2nd Session: Bioinformatics-Next generation genomics
Session Chair : Assoc. Prof Yalçın Kaya (Trakya University)
1400 1420 Tool kits for breeders-Next generation sequencing: Dr. Bala Akpinar (Sabanci University)
1420 1440 SNP discovery and subsequent use Dr. Stuart Lucas (Sabanci University)
1440 1500
1500 1520
1530 1600
1600 1800
1900
miRNA discovery and subsequent use Dr. Melda Kantar (Sabanci University)
A pipeline for effectors discovery using NGS and its application in marker-assisted breeding Dr. Richard Harrison (East Malling Research Station)
Coffee Break
Poster Session
Dinner
TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 24, 2015
0915 1000 Key Note Speaker: Assoc. Prof. Masum Burak, Director General, GDAR-Turkey
Biotechnology in the Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock of Republic of Turkey
Session Chair: Prof Dr. Mahmut TÖR (University of Worcester)
3rd Session: New genetic tools for plant breeding
Session Chair: Prof Hikmet Budak (Sabancı University)
1000 1030 Crop improvement using TAL effectors - History, mechanism and applications for plant
genome editing.
Dr Sebastian Schornack (Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge)
30
00
10 11
Coffee break
1100 1130
1130 1200
1200 1230
1230 1430
CRISPR system and Genome Editing-application in plant breeding
Dr Yasin Dağdaş (Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich)
Utilization of association mapping in plants
Dr Muhammed Sakiroglu (Kafkas University)
Resistance gene enrichment sequencing technique and its applications in R gene
identification in crop and model species.
Dr Oliver Furzer (Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich)
Lunch and Networking
5
1430 1450
1450 1510
1510 1530
1530 1600
1600 1620
1620 1640
1640 1700
1700 1830
1900
4th Session: Case studies: application of technologies
Session Chair: Dr Ufuk Demirel (Niğde University)
Future-proofing potato – protecting tuberization from environmental stress:
Dr Wayne Morris (James Hutton Institute)
Vernalisation - a cold-induced epigenetic switch
Dr Jie Song (Imperial College)
Screening plants for resistance sources using pathogen effectors
Dr Tolga Bozkurt (Imperial College)
Coffee Break
5th Session: Case studies: application of technologies (Continued)
Session Chair: Dr Ahmet Tek (Harran University)
Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) mapping for crop improvement
Dr Peter Walley (University of Warwick)
Current statues of phenomics and its application for crop improvement
Dr Özlem Yilmaz (Sabancı University)
Water-use efficiency in vegetable crops:
Dr Sajjad Awan (University of Warwick)
Poster Session
Dinner
WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 25, 2015
6th Session: Research Funding
00
09 National and International Funding Programs in TÜBİTAK:
0930
Çınar Adalı Öner (TÜBİTAK)
0930 1000 TÜBİTAK Bilateral Co-operations:
1000 1030 British Council and other UK opportunities
1030 11 00 Coffee break
1100 1300 7th session: Mentor-led discussion
-Major Challenges in crop improvement - Profs Ian Crute, Mahmut Tör
-Knowledge Transfer from institute to farmers - Profs Hikmet Budak, Yalçın Kaya & Eric
Holub
1300 1400 Lunch
1400 1530 8th Session: Networking possible areas of collaboration
Session Chair: Prof Ian Crute
00
30
15 15
Information feedback from putative collaboration
1530 1600 Coffee break
1600-1730 9th session. Future directions
Prof Hikmet Budak (Sabancı University)
00
00
19 -20
Workshop Dinner & GALA NIGHT
THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 26, 2015
0900 Technical Trip and Excursion in Antalya
1730
1800 1900 Closing Ceromony
1900Dinner
FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 26, 2015
Checking out of Hotel
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PARTICIPANT LIST
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COUNTRY
ALGERIA
ALGERIA
COMPANY
Algeria INRAA
Algeria INRAA
E-MAIL
AZERBAIJAN
BULGARIA
GERMANY
GERMANY
Azerbaijan Crop Institute
Sofia University,
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
KAZAKHSTAN
KAZAKHSTAN
KAZAKHSTAN
CIMMYT
CIMMYT
Kazakh Res Inst.
MACEDONIA
MOROCCO
MOROCCO
NIGERIA
SAUDI ARABIA
SCOTLAND
SERBIA
SERBIA
Prilep Tobacco Institute
Citrus Breeding Lab INRA
University Ibn Tofail of Sci
National Hortİc Res Inst
King Saud University
The James Hutton Inst
Educons University
Phenogeno Roses DOO
SERBIA
Phenogeno Roses DOO
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NAME &SURNAME
Ali Guendouz
Zine E A Fellahi
Halima
Mammadova
Goritsa Rakleova
Cumali Yükselen
Hovik Makhsudyan
Gulya
Kunypiyayeva
Rauan Zhapayev
Aigul Abugalieva
Ana KorubinAleksoska
Najat Handaji
Kawtar Label
Olagorite Adetula
Salem Alghamdi
Wayne Lee Morris
Dejana Pankovic
Biljana B. Tanjga
Mirjana
Vukosavljev
Marufqul
Mahkamov
Aouida Marwa
Borji Manel
TAJIKISTAN
TUNISIA
TUNISIA
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Gonca G. Dalkılıç
TURKEY
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Özlem Akan
Silva G. Mlakar
Zeynel Dalkılıç
Duran ZARARSIZ
Adnan Aydın
Birgül Güden
Duygu Sarı Yol
Emine Uygur Göçer
Engin Yol
Mehmet Tekin
Muhammet Yıldız
Rüstem Üstün
Taner Akar
Yeşim Sıla Tuğran
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
CIMMYT
Center BiotecH Borj Cédria
Center BiotecH Borj Cédria
Adnan Menderes
University
Adnan Menderes
University
Adnan Menderes Univ.
Adnan Menderes Univ.
Agromar Seed Co
Akdeniz University
Akdeniz University
Akdeniz University
Akdeniz University
Akdeniz University
Akdeniz University
Akdeniz University
Akdeniz University
Akdeniz University
Akdeniz University
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[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
m.vukosavljev@phenogenoroses.
com
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
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Altin Seed Co
Anadolu Efes Seed Co
Anamas Seed Co
Anadolu Efes Seed Co
Art Laborteknik Ltd. Co
Anamas Seed Co
Art Laborteknik Ltd. Co
Ayer Tarim Seed Co
Ayer Tarim Seed Co
Ayer Tarim Seed Co
BATEM Instutue
Beta Ziraat Seed Co
BISAB
BISAB
BISAB
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
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Serkan Yıldızlı
Sertaç Sevimay
Onur Kıllı
Tayyib Arslan
Çelebi Çelik
Serkan Kasapoğlu
Selçuk Güler
Arif Bey
Ergün Erünal
Tuba Topçu
Meral Yılmaz
Servet Sarı
Ali Koç
Bayram Özdemir
Büşra Yapıcı
Mehmet
Hüsemoğlu
Miktat OLGUN
Murat Mete Şölen
Mustafa Akın
Osman Barış Kılınç
Sinan Berksan
Vehbi Eser
Yunus Yumuşak
Elif Dağgeçen
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Özlem Gökalp
Arzu Ünal
Banu Efeoğlu
Alexey Morgunov
Emrah Koç
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
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Kemal Subaşı
Nurberdi
Gummadov
Zhanat Akhmetova
Beyhan Akın
Aybegüm Ton
Ertuğrul Filiz
Gizem Çivi
Hüseyin Satılmış
Serkan Çorbacı
Appelman Dennis
Elif Gamze Doğan
Fatma Günal Mat
Hasan Topuz
TURKEY
CIMMYT- ANKARA
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
CIMMYT- ANKARA
CIMMYT- ANKARA
CIMMYT-İZMIR
Çukurova University
Düzce University
Ege University
Ege-Cem Tarim
Ekmen Tarım
Enza Zaden Tarım R & D
Enza Zaden Tarım R & D
Enza Zaden Tarım R & D
Enza Zaden Tarım R & D
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TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
BISAB
BISAB
BISAB
BISAB
BISAB
BISAB
BISAB
Biyotek Seed Co
British Council
British Council
Biotech Research Center
Biotechnology Res Center
CIMMYT- ANKARA
CIMMYT- ANKARA
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[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
m.tr
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected].
tr
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
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İnci Coltart
Metin Sabancı
Yusuf Şen
Kahraman Kepenek
Hüseyin
Tombuloğlu
Abdullah KANKAYA
Atilla AŞKIN
Cahit PİŞKİN
Cevat ESEN
Hasan ÇELİK
İzzet PARLAR
Kürşad DURMAZ
Lütfi İ. OKUMUŞ
Sadi OLCAY
Aydın BARS
Cahit ÖZER
Hüseyin ÖZEN
Kamil YELBOĞA
Mümin ŞAHİN
Rasim ÇAVAŞ
Ahmet Sırrı Şensoy
Atıf ÇAPAR
Gürbüz CANDAN
Gürsel TANRIVER
İsmail ATLİYA
Mehmet BAYRAM
Mehmet ERGENE
Mümin KARGI
Nihat EREN
Sedat DERELİ
Kubilay Yıldırım
Himmet Fidan
Ahmet Seçim
Ahmet Latif Tek
Songül Tuna İndibi
Hasan CÇ Sarısu
Mesut Keser
Fikret Budak
Ilgın Akpınar
Nihal Gören Sağlam
Muhammet
Şakiroğlu
Yücel Kılıç
Geoffrey L. Thomas
Hasan Özgür Şığva
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
Enza Zaden Tarım R & D
Enza Zaden Tarım R & D
Enza Zaden Tarım R & D
Süleyman Demirel Univ.
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
Fatih University
FIDEBIRLIK
FIDEBIRLIK
FIDEBIRLIK
FIDEBIRLIK
FIDEBIRLIK
FIDEBIRLIK
FIDEBIRLIK
FIDEBIRLIK
FIDEBIRLIK
FIDEBIRLIK
FIDEBIRLIK
FIDEBIRLIK
FIDEBIRLIK
FIDEBIRLIK
FIDEBIRLIK
Fito Seed Co
FÜAB
FÜAB
FÜAB
FÜAB
FÜAB
FÜAB
FÜAB
FÜAB
FÜAB
Gaziosmanpasa University
Genagri Seed Co
Gento Seed Co
Harran University
Hazera Seed Co
Hortic Res Station - Eğridir
ICARDA, Ankara
Iğdır University
İstanbul University
İstanbul University
[email protected]
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
Kafkas University
Limagrain
May Agro
May Agro
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[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
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İbrahim Selçuk
Selhaalolin Selçuk
Sezgi Pekşen
Hamit E. Somer
Nihal Poyraz
Hüsnü Ekiz
Gulru Yücel
Behiye Banu Bilgen
Gülsemin S. Tuna
İlker Nizam
Metin Tuna
Sheida Daneshvar
Royandazagh
Ufuk Demirel
Elif Uçar
Cemal Yücel
Hassan Sayed Sadık
Kubilay K. Baştaş
Soner Başaran
Hüseyin Güngör
Canseri Bozkuş
Damla Turan
Büyükdinç
Fatih Seyis
Alessandro
Maggioni
Wijbe HSV SCHAAR
Bala Anı Akpınar
Burcu Alptekin
Hikmet Budak
Melda kantar
Naimat Ullah
Özlem Yılmaz
Rayyan Khan
Reyyan Bulut
Stuart James Lucas
Sumia Ali
Handan Aydın
Kıvanç Gökbörü
Barış IŞIK
Eda E. GÖKDUMAN
Hatice ÜNAL
Savaş AKCAN
Selahattin ALTUN
Yasin OTUZOĞLU
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
Medsantek
Medsantek
Medsantek
Mtn Seed Co
Mtn Seed Co
Nadide Seed Co
Namık Kemal University
Namık Kemal University
Namık Kemal University
Namık Kemal University
Namık Kemal University
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
Namık Kemal University
Nigde University,
Orhas Seed Co.
Pioneer Overseas Co.
Pioneer Overseas Co.
Plant Bacteriologist
Polen Seed Co
Progen Seed
Proto Seed Co
[email protected]
[email protected]
TURKEY
TURKEY
Recep Tayyip Erdogan Un.
Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Un
[email protected]
[email protected]
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
Rijk Zwaan Tarim
Rijk Zwaan Tarim
Sabanci University
Sabanci University
Sabanci University
Sabanci University
Sabanci University
Sabanci University
Sabanci University
Sabanci University
Sabanci University
Sabanci University
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
Ses van der have Inter.
Sinerji Lab Co
SÜSBIR
SÜSBIR
SÜSBIR
SÜSBIR
SÜSBIR
SÜSBIR
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[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
m
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
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Ramis Özgen Akın
Ahmet Konuk
Mehmet Tezel
Özkan Taşpınar
Işık Aşar
Kadir Akan
Ayhan BİLGİN
Mehmet DÖLEK
Mehmet ŞAHİN
Murat Coşar KUTLU
Mustafa DOĞAN
Selahattin DERİCİ
Ayhan Öztürk
Barış Ayyıldız
Ekrem İşcan
Ersel Tekin
Hamdi Çivitcioğlu
İbrahim Küçük
İsmail Yurtan
Mehmet Köse
Şükrü Beyazkaya
Yusuf Demir
Behzat Göğebakan
Fatih Leblebici
Göksel Evci
İbrahim M Yılmaz
Merve Güzel
Metin Babaoğlu
Veli Pekcan
Yalçın KAYA
Ali NERGİS
Ali ÖZEN
Ali ÜSTÜN
Ayhan ATALAY
Ayşe S. ARIKAN
Burhanettin
TOPSAKAL
Eyüp KÖKSAL
Ökkeş YILDIRIM
Refik AKÇAKAYA
Tayfur ÇAĞLAYAN
Veli ALAN
Yıldıray GENÇER
Müfit ENGIZ
GALİP UMUT ÖZDİL
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
Tarım Türk TV
Taşpinar Seed Co
Taşpinar Seed Co
Taşpinar Seed Co
TEYDEB-BIYOTEG
Central Res Inst Field Crops
TODAB
TODAB
TODAB
TODAB
TODAB
TODAB
Tohum Yet Birlik
Tohum Yet Birlik
Tohum Yet Birlik
Tohum Yet Birlik
Tohum Yet Birlik
Tohum Yet Birlik
Tohum Yet Birlik
Tohum Yet Birlik
Tohum Yet Birlik
Tohum Yet Birlik
Toprak Mahsülleri Ofisi
Toprak Mahsülleri Ofisi
Trakya Agric Res Inst
Trakya Agric Res Inst
Trakya Agric Res Inst
Trakya Agric Res Inst
Trakya Agric Res Inst
Trakya Universty
TSUAB
TSUAB
TSUAB
TSUAB
TSUAB
[email protected]
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TSUAB
TSUAB
TSUAB
TSUAB
TSUAB
TSUAB
TSUAB
TURKTED
TURKTOB
[email protected];
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected];
[email protected];
[email protected]
[email protected]
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[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected];
[email protected];
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Gülay ÇALIŞKAN
Muhteşem TORUN
Asuman Cansev
Meryem İpek
Irmak Gürsoy
Bahar Soğutmaz
Özdemir
Ali Osman SARI
Masum BURAK
Ian Crute
Andrew Armitage
Helen Cockerton
Richard Harrison
Jie Song
Tolga O. Bozkurt
Sophie Bouvaine
Anneka Prins
Doug Orr
Andy Tock
Sebastian Fairhead
Oliver Furzer
Volkan Cevik
Yasin Dağdaş
Selman Uluışık
Sebastian
Schornack
Rashed Alarfaj
Eric Holub
Peter Glen Walley
Sajjad Awan
Andrew Taylor
Mahmut Tör
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
TURKEY
ENGLAND
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ENGLAND
ENGLAND
ENGLAND
ENGLAND
ENGLAND
ENGLAND
ENGLAND
ENGLAND
ENGLAND
ENGLAND
ENGLAND
ENGLAND
TURKTOB
TURKTOB
Uludağ University
Uludağ University
Vilmorin Anadolu Tohum
Yeditepe University Genetic
and Bioengineering
Gen Dir. Agric Research
Gen Dir. Agric Research
Agric & Hortic. Dev. Board
East Malling Research
East Malling Research
East Malling Research
Imperial College London
Imperial College London
University Of Greenwich
Rothamsted Research
Rothamsted Research
University Of Warwick
University Of Warwick
The Sainsbury Laboratory
The Sainsbury Laboratory
The Sainsbury Laboratory
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THE LIST OF PAPERS
1. A PROPOSAL FOR CITRUS DIVERSIFICATION IN MOROCCO - Handaji N., N. Arsalane, Essalhi
M., Label K., Aderdour T., H. Benyahia
2. EVALUATION OF FRUIT CHARACTERISTICS AMONG NATURALLY GROWN WILD FRUIT
ELAEAGNUS ANGUSTIFOLIA GENOTYPES IN TURKEY - Asuman CANSEV, Yasemin Şahan,
Emine Aydin, Ayşe N. Dundar, Dilek Dulger, F. Betul Kaplan, Asli Kilci
3. DEVELOPMENT OF NEW BELL PEPPER (CAPSICUM ANNUM L.) LINES AND CULTIVARS
RESISTANT TO TOSPOVIRUS AND TOBAMOVIRUS USING MOLECULAR BREEDING METHODS Duran ŞİMŞEK
4. SELECTION FOR OBTAINING TOBACCO GENOTIPES FOR DROUGHT TOLERANCE - Ana
KORUBIN-ALEKSOSKA
5. ANTIOXIDANT RESPONSE SYSTEM IN CHROMIUM (VI) - TREATED TRITICUM AESTIVUM L. &
TRITICUM DURUM DESF. SEEDLINGS - ALAYAT Amel, SOUIKI Linda, BOUMEDRIS Zine Eddine,
BENOSMANE Sana, MOUMENI Ouissem, BENAMARA Maroua, AMAMRA Rima, OTMANI
Hadjer, DJEBAR Mohammed Réda
6. COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE TOLERANCE OF FIFTEEN CITRUS ROOTSTOCKS TO SALT STRESS
- Ait El Aouad Bouchra, Aderdour Tarik, Talha Abd Elhak, Benkirane Rachid, Benyahia Hamid
7. RESPONSES OF ANTIOXIDANTS IN FLAVOPARMELIA CAPERATA (L.) HALE TO THE
ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION AIR AT TWO URBAN AND SEMI-URBAN AREAS IN THE REGION OF
ANNABA (EAST OF ALGERIA) - Boumedris Zine Eddine, Alayat Amel, Serradj Ali Ahmed Monia,
Benosmane Sana, Djebar Mohammed Réda
8. DIFFERENTIAL PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES OF DIFFERENT WHEAT VARIETIES TO PLANTDERIVED SMOKE SOLUTION - Muhammad Mudasar ASLAM, Muhammad JAMIL, Amna
KHATOON, Shafiq Ur REHMAN
9. UNDERSTANDING THE GENETIC CONTROL OF PATHOGENICITY AND RESISTANCE FOR
FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM IN ONION - A. Taylor, A. Jackson, G. Teakle, R. Harrison, A. Armitage,
R. De Heer, T. Ferber, H. Van Den Biggelaar, S. Ott, L. Baxter, J.P. Clarkson
10. GRAIN YIELD AND ITS COMPONENTS STUDY AND THEIR ASSOCIATION WITH NDVI UNDER
TERMINAL WATER DEFICIT AND WELL-IRRIGATED CONDITIONS IN WHEAT (TRITICUM DURUM
DESF AND TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.). - Mekliche A., Hanifi-Mekliche L., Aidaoui A., Monneveux
Ph.
11. STUDY OF THE VARIABILITY OF AGRONOMIC AND BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF 10
CLONES CLEMENTINE (CITRUS CLEMENTINA) - ESSALHI EL Mustapha, BRHADDA Najiba,
GMIRA Najib, BENYAHYA Hamid, ARSALANE Najat, HANDAJI Najat
12. EFFECT OF GERMINATION TIME ON BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS, TOTAL ANTIOXIDANT
CAPACITY AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF SESAME SEEDS (SESAMUM INDICUM .L) - H.
RIZKI, F. KZAIBER, M. EL HARFI, H. LATRACH, H.HANINE
13. TOWARD CONSERVATION AND SUSTAINABLE UTILIZATION OF FOOD CEREALS AND LEGUMES
GENETIC RESOURCES IN SAUDI ARABIA - Salem S. Alghamdi
14. EFFECT OF GAMMA RAY IRRADIATION ON THE VARIABILITY OF SOME QUALITY CRITERIA IN
MARISOL CLEMENTINE - Aderdour Tarik, Ait El Aouad Bouchra, Arsalane Najat, BenYahia
Hamid, Brhadda Najiba, Handaji Najat
15. STUDIES ON GENETIC VARIABILITY OF QUALITY TRAITS AND AGRONOMIC CHARACTERS
AMONG CLEMENTINES CULTIVARS - EL MustaphaESSALHI, Hamid BENYAHYA, Najiba
BRHADDA, Najib GMIRA, Najat ARSALANE, Najat HANDAJI
16. NEXT GENERATION CROPS: INTEGRATING PROTEOMICS APPROACHES TOWARD
SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE - Goritsa RAKLEOVA, Ivelin PANCHEV, Atanas ATANASSOV,
Magdalena TCHORBADJIEVA
13
17. IDENTIFICATION OF WATER-USE-EFFICIENCY QTL IN BRASSICA OLERACEA - Sajjad Awan, Peter
Walley, Guy Barker, Graham Teakle, Graham Farquhar, Andrew Thompson
18. ASSESSMENT OF THE GENETIC DIVERSITY IN FOREST TREE POPULATIONS USING MOLECULAR
MARKERS: A CASE STUDY ON PINUS SYLVESTRIS - Behiye Banu BILGEN, Deniz GUNEY, Nuray
KAYA
19. CORRELATION BETWEEN LIGNIN AMOUNT IN CORTEX AND CHERRY ROOTSTOCK VIGOUR Hasan Cumhur Sarısu, Ömer Faruk Karamürsel, Fatma Pınar Öztürk, İsmail Demirtaş, İbrahim
Gür, Hakkı Koçal, Mehmet Aksu, Zehra Babalık, Şafak Sekmen
20. EXPRESSION OF PL6 GENE IN LEAVES OF TWO NILs AFTER INFECTION WITH SPORES OF
Plasmopara halstedii - Nataša Ćurčić, Ljiljana Prokić, Siniša Jocić, Dragan Škorić, Dejana
Panković
21. IMPROVING DISEASE RESISTANCE IN STRAWBERRY - ANDREW D. ARMITAGE, CHARLOTTE F.
NELLIST, ROBERT J. VICKERSTAFF, RICHARD J. HARRISON
22. AN EVERGREEN USEFUL METHOD: USE OF EMBRYO CULTURE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF
RESYNTHESIZED RAPESEED (BRASSICA NAPUS L.) FORMS DSIPLAYING EDIBLE OIL QUALITY Fatih SEYİS
23. SCIENCE AND AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY: PLACING CROP GENETIC IMPROVEMENT INTO
CONTEXT - IAN CRUTE
24. THE BEHAVIOUR DYNAMIC OF THE ALTERNATIVE MODEL PARAMECIUM SP. TREATED BY A
PESTICIDE - Benamara M, Benosmane S, Berrebah H, Djebar M.R
25. BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION AND CONTRIBUTION TO VALORIZATION OF SOME
VARIETIES OF OPUNTIA FICUS INDICA - Jihane OUMATO, Saadia ZRIRA, Bouchta SAIDI,
Mohammed BOUJNAH
26. CHICKPEA (CICER ARIETINUM L.) CALLUS INDUCTION - Zohra IGHILHARIZ
27. SNP DISCOVERY AND SUBSEQUENT USE - Stuart J. Lucas, Bala Anı Akpınar, Burcu Alptekin,
Hikmet Budak
28. SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS FROM LEAF SEGMENTS OF FIG (FICUS CARICA L. CV. ‘SARILOP’) Damla TURAN BÜYÜKDİNÇ, Gonca GÜNVER DALKILIÇ
29. EFFECTS OF THREE FUNGICIDES WIDELY USED FOR THE TREATMENT OF WHEAT SEED ON
MYCELIAL GROWTH OF THE TARGET PEST FUSARIUM SP., Djekoun M, Berrebah H, Djebar
M.R
30. A BETTER RUBISCO FOR CROPS: IMPROVING CROP PRODUCTIVITY THROUGH INCREASED
PHOTOSYNTHESIS - Doug Orr, André Alcântara, Elizabete Carmo-Silva, John Andralojc, Martin
Parry
31. GENETIC STUDIES ON SEED YIELD AND STRESS TOLERANCE RELATED TRAITS IN SPRING
WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.) CROSSES - Zine El Abidine Fellahi, Abderrahmane Hannachi,
Hamenna Bouzerzour
32. IN SILICO CHARACTERIZATION AND MOLECULAR MODELING OF CHORISMATE SYNTHASE (CS)
PROTEINS IN PLANTS - Ertugrul FILIZ, Ibrahim KOC
33. RESISTANCE GENE ENRICHMENT SEQUENCING TECHNIQUE AND ITS APPLICATIONS IN R GENE
IDENTIFICATION IN CROP AND MODEL SPECIES - OLIVER J. FURZER, VOLKAN ÇEVIK,
JONATHAN D. G. JONES
34. A PIPELINE FOR EFFECTOR DISCOVERY USING NGS AND ITS APPLICATION IN MARKERASSISTED BREEDING - RICHARD HARRISON, CHARLOTTE NELLIST, ROBERT VICKERSTAFF,
SOPHIEN KAMOUN, ANDREW ARMITAGE
35. THE PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF THIRAM ON MAIZE - Ilgın AKPINAR, Muammer ÜNAL
36. RECENT INSIGHTS INTO THE PATHOGENICITY OF ERWINIA AMYLOVORA - Kubilay Kurtulus
BASTAS
14
37. THE ROLE OF THE POPLAR FOR THE PHYTOEXTRACTION OF BORON FROM CONTAMINATED
SOIL AND INVESTIGATION OF POPLAR GENES RESPONSIBLE IN TOLERANCE TO BORON
TOXICITY - Kubilay Yildirim, Dilek Kaya Ozdogan, Teoman Kahraman
38. PHENOTYPING PATHOGEN RESISTANCE IN CULTIVATED STRAWBERRY ROOTS USING
HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGING - HELEN COCKERTON, BO LI, RICHARD J. HARRISON
39. MOLECULAR MARKERS CORRELATED WITH FRUITS CHARACTERS IN OLIVE - Meryem Ipek,
Murat Seker, Ahmet Ipek
40. FUTURE-PROOFING POTATO – PROTECTING TUBERIZATION FROM ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS WAYNE MORRIS, ROBERT HANCOCK, LAURENCE DUCREUX, PETE HEDLEY, JENNY MORRIS,
GLENN BRYAN, SUSAN VERRALL, MUHAMMAD USMAN, MARK TAYLOR
41. EVALUATION OF ADVANCED CHICKPEA (CICER ARIETINUM L.) ACCESSIONS BASED ON
DROUGHT TOLERANCE INDICES AND SSR MARKERS AGAINST DIFFERENT WATER
TREATMENTS - Muhammad Amir Maqbool, Muhammad Aslam, Hina Ali, Tariq Mahmud Shah
42. CELL TYPE SPECIFIC ANALYSIS FOR UNDERSTANDING THE REGULATORY MECHANISM OF LEAF
SENESCENCE - NİHAL GÖREN-SAĞLAM, VICKY BUCHANAN-WOLLASTON
43. COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF SSR AND SRAP MARKERS FOR CHARACTERIZATION OF SEVEN
ACCESSIONS OF CITRUS - Adetula Olagorite
44. PLANT GENOME EDITING USING CRISPR/CAS9 SYSTEM - Yasin F Dagdas, Vladimir Nekrasov,
Angela Chaparro Garcia, Khaoula Belhaj, Sophien Kamoun
45. PRESENT TRENDS IN WINTER OILSEED RAPE BREEDING - Fatih SEYİS
46. RUBISCO PROPERTIES OF WHEAT RELATIVES PROVIDE SCOPE FOR IMPROVEMENT OF
PHOTOSYNTHESIS - ANNEKE PRINS, DOUGLAS J. ORR, P. JOHN ANDRALOJC, MATTHEW P.
REYNOLDS, ELIZABETE CARMO-SILVA, MARTIN A. J. PARRY
47. RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN APOIDEA AND PLANTS (HYMENOPTERA, APOIDEA) IN THE SUBURB
OF EL HARRACH (ALGIERS, ALGERIA) - BOUTI Fella, DOUMANDJI Salaheddine
48. OVERVIEW OF POLLINATION BY THE HONEY BEE APIS MELLIFERA (L., 1758) (HYMENOPTERA,
APOIDEA, APINAE) OF SOME PLANT SPECIES SPONTANEOUS ORNAMENTAL AND GROWN IN
THE SUBURB OF EL HARRACH (ALGIERS, ALGERIA) - BOUTI Fella, DOUMANDJI Salaheddine
49. UTILIZATION OF ASSOCIATION MAPPING IN PLANT BREEDING PROGRAMS - Muhammet
ŞAKİROĞLU
50. CROP IMPROVEMENT USING TAL EFFECTORS - HISTORY, MECHANISM AND APPLICATIONS
FOR PLANT GENOME EDITING - SEBASTIAN SCHORNACK
51. IDENTIFICATION OF A GENE CONTROLLING TOMATO FRUIT TEXTURE - Selman Uluisik
52. COMBINING ABILITY ANALYSIS AND HETEROTIC EFFECTS FOR COTTON FIBER QUALITY TRAITS
- Remzi Ekinci, Sema Basbag
53. “WHEAT × MAIZE CROSSING SYSTEM” AN EFFICIENT WAY OF PRODUCING DOUBLED
HAPLOIDS IN WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.) - Shadab Shaukat, Muhammad Ahsan Khan,
Abdus Salam Khan, Muhammad Kashif, Javed Ahmad, Ihsan Khaliq
54. PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND FTIR STUDIES ON TUNISIAN VICIA SATIVA SEEDS - Aouida
Marwa, Khediri Mannai, Jebara Moez
55. DETERMINATION OF OUTCROSSING DISTANCE AND RATE IN SOME COWPEA (Vigna sinensis
L.) ECOTYPES - Özlem AKAN, Tulin BAŞ
56. BREEDING ACTIVITIES OF KASIB NETWORK ON CREATING NEW VARIETIES IN KAZAKHSTAN
AND RUSSIA - Zhapayev R., Zelenskiy Y., Karabayev M., Tsigankov V., Sereda G., Chudinov V.,
Bekenova L., Belan I., Tyslenko A., Ganeyev V., Shamanin V., Akhmetova A., Abugaliyeva A.,
Morgounov A.
57. ANALYSIS OF BREAD MAKING QUALITY PARAMETERS OF TAJIK WHEAT VARIETIES AND LINES Eva Johansson, Hafiz Muminjanov, Larisa Gustavsson, Marufqul Mahkamov
15
58. VARIATION OF COLEOPTILE LENGTH IN DIFFERENT TYPES OF WINTER WHEAT GERMPLASM
AND ITS EFFECT ON AGRONOMIC TRAITS - E. Koc, B. Akın, S.Belen, N. Gummadov, U.
Kucukozdemir, E. Ozer, I. Ozturk, K.Subasi, A.Morgounov
59. IDENTIFICATION OF CLEMENTINE × BODRUM MANDARIN HYBRIDS USING PCR-BASED RAPD
MARKERS - Zeynel DALKILIÇ, Ahmet Rıza AĞIR, Anıl AYDOĞANLAR, Kağan AVCILAR
60. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SEEDLING AND ADULT PLANT RESISTANCE FOR YELLOW AND LEAF
RUST IN WINTER WHEAT - K. Subasi, K. Akan, B. Akin, E. Koc, Z. Mert, K. Nazari, I. Ozseven, A.
Morgunov
61. POSSIBILITIES OF LEGUME FORAGE SEED PRODUCTION IN TURKEY - Aybegün TON, A. Emin
ANLARSAL
62. IDENTIFICATION OF BROADLY ADAPTED WINTER WHEAT GENOTYPES BASED ON
INTERNATIONAL TRIALS - Gummadov N., Akin B., Keser M., Koc E., Sharma R. C., Subasi K.,
Morgounov A.
63. THE PROBLEMS OF LEGUME FORAGE SEED PRODUCTION IN TURKEY, Aybegün TON, A. Emin
ANLARSAL
64. DISCRIMINATION OF TUNISIAN CULTIVATED OATS USING ELECTROPHORESIS OF AVENIN
PROTEIN PATTERN IN MATURE SEEDS, Manel BORGI, CHIBANI Farhat, ZOGHLAMI Najia,
BOUAMAMA Badra, Abdelwahed GHORBEL
65. AGROBACTERIUM MEDIATED GENETIC TRANSFORMATION OF PAPAVER SOMNIFERUM L.
USING SEMI SOLID AGAR GELLED PRIMED SEEDS AS EXPLANT - S. D. Royandezagh, K. M.
Khawar
66. VERNALIZATION – AN EPIGENETIC SWITCH - Jie Song, Andrew Angel, Martin Howard, Caroline
Dean
67. PLOIDY DETERMINATION IN Agropyron cristatum (L.) Gaertn POPULATIONS COLLECTED
FROM EASTERN ANATOLIA REGION OF TURKEY BY USING FLOW CYTOMETER - Gulsemin
Savas Tuna, Gulru Yucel, Huseyin Keles, Ilker Nizam, Evren Cabi, Metin Tuna
16
A PROPOSAL FOR CITRUS DIVERSIFICATION IN MOROCCO
Handaji N., N. Arsalane, Essalhi M., Label K., Aderdour T., H. Benyahia
BP.257, INRA KENITRA MAROC
[email protected]
Absract
Citrus is regarded as a universal fruit being produced on all six continents. It is the most important
tree crop, having a world production far exceeding that of deciduous fruit. Morocco is one of major
citrus producing countries in the world. Having nearly 118000 ha with yearly production of 2,2
millions tones of witch 52,7% of small citrus and 45,5% of oranges and of witch over than 50%
intended to export. There is tendency to increase the number of citrus cultivars with the high quality
because of domestic or export market in the future. The main objectives of the scion breeding
program are to develop new mandarins and oranges cultivars suitables for fresh fruit market. Three
major approaches are being used; the first breeding work relied on the selection from bud mutation
and chance seedling. The second major component of breeding is development of hybrids early and
late maturing mandarin types through hybridization. The end approach is based on biotechnology.
Most of emphasis in this program is development of seedless triploids hybrids. This paper reports the
characteristics of some cultivars recently realized by the INRA El Menzeh Experiment station and the
promising selection under study. Many hybrids, having promising fruit quality attributes, are
recommended for larger trials to evaluate yield potential and commercial acceptance of fruit.
Key words: Citrus/ Cultivars/ breeding/ Quality/ Selection
17
EVALUATION OF FRUIT CHARACTERISTICS AMONG NATURALLY GROWN WILD FRUIT ELAEAGNUS
ANGUSTIFOLIA GENOTYPES IN TURKEY
Asuman CANSEVa, Yasemin Şahanb, Emine Aydinc, Ayşe N. Dundard, Dilek Dulgere, F. Betul Kaplanf,
Asli Kilcig
a
Uludag Univ., Faculty of Agric., Dep. of Horticulture, TR 16059 Bursa, Turkey, [email protected]
Uludag Univ., Faculty of Agric., Dep. of Food Eng., TR 16059 Bursa, Turkey
c
Uludag Univ., Keles Voc. High School, Dep. of Food Tech.,Bursa, Turkey
d
Uludag Univ., Yenisehir Ibrahim Orhan Voc. High School, Dep. of Food Tech., Bursa, Turkey
e
İstanbul Aydın Univ., Anadolu Bil Voc. High School, Dep. of Flour and Bakery Products Tech., Istanbul,
Turkey
f
Pamukkale Univ., Faculty of Engineering, Dep. of Food Eng., Denizli, Turkey
g
Uludag Univ., Faculty of Science and Arts, Dep. of Chemistry,TR 16059 Bursa, Turkey
b
Absract
Oleaster (Elaeagnus angustifolia) belongs to Elaeagnus L. genus and the Elaeagnaceae family. This
species shows a broad geographical range, occurring widely in Asia and Europe. Although this species
is used as an ornamental tree in many European cities, it is widely cultivated for its edible fruits in
Middle and East Anatolia. It is consumed as fresh fruit but may also be dried and eaten as an
appetizer. In addition, this fruit is used as an alternative medicine for fever, against kidney disorders
(inflammation or kidney stone) and diarrhea. Although it grows almost everywhere in Turkey, use of
its fruits is limited. In this study, fruit characteristics among 25 E. angustifolia genotypes collected
from various regions of Turkey were determined. Results revealed that fruit weights varied between
1.57-2.85 g, fruit diameter between 0.99-1.67 cm, fruit length between 1.38-2.73 cm and seed
diameter and length varied between 0.49-0.59 cm and 1.19-2.27 cm, respectively. Statistically
significant differences among these genotypes were found for the fruit and seed characters studied.
*This research was supported by grant from The Scientific and Technological Research Council of
Turkey (TUBITAK) (Project No: TOVAG 110 O 060).
18
DEVELOPMENT OF NEW BELL PEPPER (CAPSICUM ANNUM L.) LINES AND CULTIVARS RESISTANT TO
TOSPOVIRUS AND TOBAMOVIRUS USING MOLECULAR BREEDING METHODS
Duran ŞİMŞEK
Bircan Seed, Antalya
Abstract
Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV), tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) and tomato spotted wilt virus
(TSWV) may severly hamper pepper production. Both TMV and TSWV resistance are needed in and
around the Mediterranean region. The objective of this study was to develop pepper lines resistant
to TMV and TSWV viruses using L3, L4, and Tsw linked molecular markers in a marker assisted
backcrosing program. The 2400 plants obtained from backcrossing and selfing were tested with the
molecular markers, and single plant selection for agronomic characters was carried out. The 45 lines
with resistance for TMV and TSWV were crossed with susceptible parental lines to create 100 multi
virus resistant candidate hybrids. The three F1 hybrid were determined to be canditate commercialy
acceptable F1 hybrids. Results showed that molecular assisted backcrossing along with single plant
selection for agronomic characters are suitable to develop multi-virus resistant hybrid pepper
cultivars.
Key words: Pepper, L3, L4, Tsw
19
SELECTION FOR OBTAINING TOBACCO GENOTIPES FOR DROUGHT TOLERANCE
Ana KORUBIN-ALEKSOSKA
Scientific tobacco institute–Prilep, University of "St. Kliment Ohridski"– Bitola,
Republic of Macedonia
Abstract
The oriental aromatic sun-cured tobacco does not require large quantities of water, but certain
amounts of precipitation during the growing season are still necessary for obtaining a good quality
raw material. The shortage of rain and possibilities for irrigation can be overcome by selection of
varieties tolerant to drought. Tobacco Institute – Prilep has developed programs for investigation of
the assortment and improvement of the existing varieties and creation of new genotypes. The
investigation included eight varieties belonging to different types of tobacco, a part of which have
been commercially used in the Republic of Macedonia and others are kept for further breeding. The
trial was set up in the Experimental field of the Institute during 2012, 2013 and 2014 in randomized
blocks with three replications. Each variant was investigated in conditions with and without
irrigation. The aim of the paper was to study the oriental varieties in order to obtain data on their
tolerance to drought and to supply material for further selection. Drought tolerance was determined
by classical breeding methods based on phenotypic expression of morphological and production
traits. For this purpose, modern breeding programs are using molecular markers in different stages
of the selection process. The highest degree of tolerance to drought was observed in genotypes P–
84, P 12–2/1 and P–2. These genotypes can be included in the programs for improvement of the
investigated trait.
Keywords: Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.); oriental varieties; morphological traits; production
traits; tolerance to drought.
20
ANTIOXIDANT RESPONSE SYSTEM IN CHROMIUM (VI) - TREATED TRITICUM AESTIVUM L. &
TRITICUM DURUM DESF. SEEDLINGS
ALAYAT Amel 1*, SOUIKI Linda2, BOUMEDRIS Zine Eddine1, BENOSMANE Sana1, MOUMENI
Ouissem1, BENAMARA Maroua1, AMAMRA Rima1, OTMANI Hadjer1 and DJEBAR Mohammed Réda1
1
Laboratory of Cell Toxicology, Badji Mokhtar University, Annaba, 23000, Algeria
2
Department of Biology, 8 May 1945 University, Guelma, 24000, Algeria
[email protected]
Abstract:
Chromium is one of the most widely used metals in the industry; it is mainly present in the
environment in two forms: the Cr (III) and Cr (VI). The hexavalent form, found in industrial effluents,
is highly toxic and highly soluble in water. This solubility gives it great mobility in ecosystems, makes
it easily absorbed by plants and therefore rapidly toxic. Chromium can cause oxidative damage by
increasing the cellular concentration of reactive oxygen species and reduced antioxidant power of
the cell. Excess Chrome disrupts several physiological metabolisms in the plant such as
photosynthesis, water uptake and minerals, evapotranspiration or respiration. As a result of mineral
deficiencies, dehydration and oxidation of cellular components which cause chlorosis, root browning
and slower growth eventually leading to death of the plant. In this work, we set out to assess the
impact of chromium on the growth of wheat plants, the relative water content, as well as some of
the antioxidant system enzymes such as catalase (CAT), guaiacol peroxidase (GPX) and ascorbate
peroxidase (APX) and examine differences in these parameters between a variety of durum wheat
(simeto) and a variety of wheat (HD1220). The results illustrate a stressful effect of chromium on the
two varieties of durum and soft wheat. First, we observed inhibition of plant growth is to say a
reduction of the average length of the roots and leaves as well as a reduction in water potential. On
the other hand, the presence of chromium in leaves resulted in both cereals studied inhibition of
enzyme activity.
Key words: Chromium, Triticum aestivum, Triticum durum, Antioxidant enzymes, toxicity, oxidative
stress.
21
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE TOLERANCE OF FIFTEEN CITRUS ROOTSTOCKS TO SALT STRESS
Ait El Aouad Bouchra½, Aderdour Tarik1/2, Talha Abd Elhak1, Benkirane Rachid2, Benyahia Hamid1.
1
Regional Institute for Agricultural Research Kenitra, Research Unit on plant breeding and
conservation of plant genetic resources, Maroc
2
Ibn Tofail University of Kenitra, microorganisms Laboratory of Plant Protection, Maroc
[email protected]
Abstract
Citrus are classified among the most sensitive species to salinity. This constraint affects the morphophysiology of the plant and ultimately leads to a reduction in yields. To assess the effect of salinity on
some physio-biochemical parameters in plants of 15 different citrus rootstocks, Citrumelo 57-98-502,
Citrumelo swingle F9-22-55 (80-11), Citrumelo 57-98-506, Citrumelo swingle 74-1, Citrumelo Winter
Haven B2, Citrange. Carizo 28608, Citrange Troyer C35B6A11, Citrange Troyer B2 31655, Citrumélo
4475 B2G3, Citrumelo 4475 B B6A5, Citrumelo 4475 A B6A4, Citrumelo Sacaton 30057, Gou-Tou SRA
506, C. Volkameriana B2 28613 and Citrange Troyer. An in vivo screening test was performed under
controlled saline conditions. Plants were subjected to four salt treatments 0 (control), 2 and 5g NaCl
for 90 days in sand culture. Salinity affected all of the parameters under study. The high salt
concentrations caused a great reduction in growth parameters such as fresh and dry weights of
shoots and roots especially for Citrumelo 57- 98-502 (1), Citrumelo swingle F9-22-55 (80-11) (2),
Citrange Carrizo 28608 (F7) and Citrumelo 4475 BB6A5 (F12). These changes were associated with
decrease in chlorophyll contents in leaves in Citrumelo 4475 B B6A5. With the increase in salinity
level, the proline and sugar contents were increased especially for Citrumelo 4475 A B6A4 and
Citrumlo sacaton 30057, and it was concluded that these osmolytes play a key role in generating
tolerance against salt stress.
Key words: Citrus, rootstocks, salt stress
22
RESPONSES OF ANTIOXIDANTS IN FLAVOPARMELIA CAPERATA (L.) HALE TO THE ATMOSPHERIC
POLLUTION AIR AT TWO URBAN AND SEMI-URBAN AREAS IN THE REGION OF ANNABA (EAST OF
ALGERIA)
Boumedris Zine Eddine 1*, Alayat Amel1, Serradj Ali Ahmed Monia2, Benosmane Sana1 & Djebar
Mohammed Réda1
1
Laboratory of Cell Toxicology, Badji Mokhtar University, Annaba, 23000, Algeria
2
Laboratory of Environmental and plant biology. Department of Biology. Badji Mokhtar University,
Annaba, 23000, Algeria.
[email protected]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify, in the lichen Flavoparmelia caperata (L.) Hale, antioxidants
that may provide indications of stress of air pollution. Flavoparmelia caperata (L.) Hale was
transplanted from its natural habitat relatively unpolluted (forest of Bougous) in two polluted areas:
urban and semi-urban, for a maximum period of 4 months. The first signs of stress were detected by
the increase in the contents of proteins in a significant way in space thereafter, by the increase very
highly significant in the activity of the enzymes Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and Guaïacol-peroxidase
(GPX) in space. On the other hand Catalase (CAT) presents only significant activity in space. We noted
a clear increase in these parameters in the transplants of Flavoparmelia caperata (L.) Hale on the
level of the urban area compared to the semi urban area. On the other hand, the content of protein
and the activity of different enzymes is very low at the control region (forest of Bougous). There are
few publications dealing with the interaction of metallic and gaseous pollutants, while they may be
present together on the same site (urban or industrial) and thus act in concert on the physiology of
lichens. Indeed, our results reflect very well this phenomenon (interaction lead and gaseous
pollutants such as the NOx) through increased levels of proteins that normally under the effect of
stress will increase their catabolism.
Keywords: lichen, atmospheric pollution, stress, transplantation, enzymes, proteins.
23
DIFFERENTIAL PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES OF DIFFERENT WHEAT VARIETIES TO PLANT-DERIVED
SMOKE SOLUTION
Muhammad Mudasar ASLAM1, Muhammad JAMIL2, Amna KHATOON1 & Shafiq Ur REHMAN1
1
Department of Botany, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat
2
Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science and Technology,
Kohat
[email protected]
Abstract
Plant derived smoke is well known for its promotry effects on seed germination and seedling growth.
Aqueous extract of Bauhinia variegate smoke solution having 1:500 dilution was applied on 15 wheat
varieties. It was found that seed germination of Shehkar, Local, Iqbal-2000, Pasban-90, Kherman and
Fakhr-e-Sarhad varieties of wheat was increased. Root length of Shehkar, Sahar-2006, Pasban-90,
Bathai, Fakhr-e-Sarhad, Local and Kherman varieties was also promoted while shoot length was
similar to control. Seedling weight of Bathai, Aquab-2000, Naib-Faisalabad, NIFA Bathoor-2008,
Shehkar, Iqbal-2000, Kherman and Marvi-2000 varieties were increased by smoke solution. It was
noted that seed germination, root length and seedling mass was inhibited by concentrated smoke
solution. These results suggest that response of the different varieties of same crop show different
response to the same smoke solution. Furthermore, growth promotion in wheat seedlings reflect
that smoke solution may be used as a growth promoter which is environment friendly and
economically cheap to produce.
Key words: Plant-derived smoke solution, Seed germination, Seedling length.
24
UNDERSTANDING THE GENETIC CONTROL OF PATHOGENICITY AND RESISTANCE FOR FUSARIUM
OXYSPORUM IN ONION
A. Taylor1, A. Jackson1, G. Teakle1, R. Harrison2, A. Armitage2, R. De Heer3, T. Ferber3, H. Van Den
Biggelaar3, S. Ott4, L. Baxter4, J.P. Clarkson1
1
Warwick Crop Centre, University of Warwick, UK
2
East Malling Research, UK
3
Hazera Seeds B.V., The Netherlands
4
Systems Biology, University of Warwick, UK.
Bulb onion (Allium cepa L.) is a crop which is farmed throughout the world and fungal diseases are
one of the major constraints on production. Fusarium oxysporum is an important soilborne
pathogen of many crops and has different sub-species (formae speciales) which infect particular
hosts. In onion, F. oxysporum forma specialis cepae (FOC) can cause disease at any growth stage
resulting in 'damping-off' of seedlings and a basal rot of bulbs with losses estimated at £11M per
annum in the UK alone. As FOC produces long-lived chlamydospores that survive in soil for many
years, disease management is difficult and has previously relied on chemical approaches. Identifying
onions with resistance to FOC is therefore very desirable. A highly pathogenic FOC isolate was used in
a rapid screening test with onion seedlings to identify lines with much higher levels of basal rot
resistance compared with current commercial cultivars. From this material, new onion populations
that segregate for FOC resistance are now being developed to enable identification of resistance
markers and the breeding of a basal rot resistant cultivar. This will potentially offer a more
sustainable option for onion basal rot control in the future. Research is also investigating the genetic
basis for pathogenicity in FOC. Through infection studies and whole genome sequencing using a
diverse range of pathogenic and non-pathogenic F. oxysporum isolates from onion, we identified an
almost complete correlation between pathogenicity and the presence of putative effector genes,
some of which have homologues in other F. oxysporum formae speciales.
25
GRAIN YIELD AND ITS COMPONENTS STUDY AND THEIR ASSOCIATION WITH NDVI UNDER
TERMINAL WATER DEFICIT AND WELL-IRRIGATED CONDITIONS IN WHEAT (TRITICUM DURUM DESF
AND TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.).
Mekliche A.1, Hanifi-Mekliche L.1, Aïdaoui A.1, Monneveux Ph.2
1
Laboratoire de recherche « Production Végétale » Département de Phytotechnie Ecole Nationale
Supérieure Agronomique (ex INA), El-Harrach, Alger, Algérie ;
2
SUPAGRO Montpellier (present adress : CIP, LA MOLINA 1895, LA MOLINA, LIMA, PERU)
Abstract
Six (1991) and four (1992) wheat varieties (one variety of Triticum durum Desf. in the two tests and
five in the first and three in the second test of Triticum aestivum L.) were studied in two (1991) and
three (1992) different water regimes: full irrigation (R1), mild water stress (R3) and severe water
stress (R2) at Magneraud (France). Traits evaluated were grain yield and its components, Stress
Susceptibility Index (SSI) and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). The analysis of variance
revealed significant differences between regimes and among the cultivars for all traits except
between regimes for thousand grains weight in 1991. The regime × variety interaction was significant
for grain yield, thousand grains weight and NDVI in 1992 and for grain yield in 1991. For all traits
durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) has the highest reduction in the two water stress than the
common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Correlations studies revealed that grain yield, grains
number/m², thousand grains weight and NDVI were associated with each other except for
correlations between thousand grains weight on one hand and grain yield (1992) and grains
number/m² (1991) on the other hand. 51.55 %, 27.88 %, 4.12 % (1991) and 75 %, 43 % and 20.2 %
(1992) of grain yield, grains/m² and thousand grains weight variability respectively were explained by
means NDVI variability. The grain yield and grains number/m² could be predicted using a single
regression, with NDVI.
Keywords: Grain yield, grain yield components, NDVI, durum wheat and bread wheat
26
STUDY OF THE VARIABILITY OF AGRONOMIC AND BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF 10 CLONES
CLEMENTINE (CITRUS CLEMENTINA)
ESSALHI EL Mustapha1/2, BRHADDA Najiba 2, GMIRA Najib2, BENYAHYA Hamid1, ARSALANE Najat1,
HANDAJI Najat1
1
BP.257 Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique Kenitra, Maroc
Université ibn toufail, Faculté des sciences Kenitra. Laboratoire de Biodiversité et Ressources
Naturelles, Maroc
2
[email protected]
Abstract
In Morocco, the citrus industry has an important place at the National level and especially for the
export of small citrus fruits, such as clementine. The objective of this study is to evaluate the
variability of fruit quality and production of some clones clementine. 10 varieties of clementine
grafted onto the troyer citrange, were planted at a density of 6 X 4 m² at the area of El Menzeh
Kenitra in Morocco. The biochemical composition of fruits was studied for five years. Sugar, acidity,
number of seed per fruit, average fruit weight, the percentage of juice and the ratio sugar content
and acidity were defined. For the characters studied, analysis of the results showed great variability
among clones clementine, sugar content varies between 7 and 13.4 with the sweetest clones Sidi
Aisa, Marisol, and Berkane Jnv- 1, in addition the acidity varies from 0.47 to 1.51 with a low content
in Berkane clones and NID-1. In addition outputs from 8 Kg minimum value as observed in Sidi Aisa
and 113 Kg observed in NID-1. The variability of the composition of fruits highlighted will be the basis
for a genetic and biotechnological improvement program.
Keywords: Citrus, Clementine, Improvement, Quality
27
EFFECT OF GERMINATION TIME ON BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS, TOTAL ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY AND
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF SESAME SEEDS (SESAMUM INDICUM .L)
H.RIZKI1, F.KZAIBER2, M.ELHARFI1, H.LATRACH1, H.HANINE1.
1
Laboratory of valorisation and security of food products, FST Beni-Mellal, Beni-Mellal, Morocco.
Laboratory of applied spectro-chimie and environnement, FST Beni-Mellal, Beni-Mellal, Morocco.
2
[email protected]
Abstract
Germinated sesame seeds rich in bioactive antioxidant substances are used extensively as an
important ingredient in daily food preparations and herbal formulations. The present study was
carried out to identify active antioxidant principles, the changes of chemical composition and
functional properties of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) seeds before, during, and after germination.
Sesame seeds were germinated for 168 hours; the replicates of 100 seeds were place in Petri dishes
with filter paper.30 seeds per Petri dish were randomly selected, and measured for the germination
ratio and the changes in root length. A collective sample of 100 seeds from the replicates was used to
estimate their weight changes, phenolic, flavonoids, flavonols, antioxidant activity and chemical
compounds. More than 70% of the seeds germinated after day 2. At the end of day 3, close to 95% of
sesame seeds had already germinated, the most weight gain occurred between day 3 and day 4. The
most significant seedling growth, evidenced by the most increase in sesame root length, was
observed from day 2 to day 3, reaching 4.76 cm after day 3. Phenolic, flavonoids and flavonols
contents were found in sesame seeds during germination with high quantity, the content of those
compounds were increased steadily from the first until the day 4 of germination, this study indicates
the potential of germinated sesame seeds for the development of effective physiologically bioactive
compounds.
28
TOWARD CONSERVATION AND SUSTAINABLE UTILIZATION OF FOOD CEREALS AND LEGUMES
GENETIC RESOURCES IN SAUDI ARABIA
Salem S. Alghamdi
King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Abstract
Massive loss of valuable plant species in the past centuries and its adverse impact on environmental
and socioeconomic values has triggered the conservation of plant resources. Changes in farming
practices, influx of breeds and cultivars from elsewhere and introduction of parasites and pathogens
could result in loss of priceless genetic material. Activities addressing conservation of plant genetic
resources have started recently in the collage of food and agricultural sciences at the King Saud
University. In 2008, a food legume research unit was established at the college of agriculture with the
main mandate of improvement of legume crops utilizing classical and modern tools. The importance
of cereals and legume crops in food security is undoubtful as a source of protein and carbohydrates.
For that, this project is raised to sustainable manage of cereals and legumes genetic diversity, guide
national efforts to strengthen the contribution of these genetic resources and their products to food
security and rural development and to prevent the erosion of these resources from the kingdom
through collection, documentation, conservation and evaluation of these resources to be used in
crop improvement. Appropriate identification and characterization of plant materials is essential for
the successful conservation of plant resources and to ensure their sustainable useMolecular tools
developed in the past few years provide easy, less laborious means for assigning known and
unknown plant taxa. These techniques answer many new evolutionary and taxonomic questions,
which were not previously possible with only phenotypic methods. These techniques differ in their
resolving power to detect genetic differences, type of data they generate and their applicability to
particular taxonomic levels. More than 100 accessions represented cereals and legume species were
collected and conserved in the legume research unit (genebank) at department of plant production/
College of food and agricultural sciences/King Saud University and one copy from these accessions
were prepared to be conserved at the national gene bank at The Ministry of Agriculture. The
collected accessions from germplasms of barley, Wheat, Sorghum, Pearl millet, Chickpea, cowpea,
Corn, Trigonella, mungbean, Lintel, Alfalfa, Rice, and faba bean were morphological characterization
and seed increased. Molecular characterization was assessed using SRAP and AFLP markers for these
accessions. The results of morphological and molecular showed wide intra and inter genetic diversity
among accessions collected from these crops. This information will be useful for breeding programs
to improve local germplasm for harsh environments. To assist in establishing cereal and legumes
germplasm data base, gather information in relation with crops genetic resources status of
conservation especially dedicated for old crops varieties, a professional questionnaire was
developed. Descriptor list for cereals and legumes (wheat and faba bean) an examples was proposed
to be used in description and evaluation of cereal and legume.
29
EFFECT OF GAMMA RAY IRRADIATION ON THE VARIABILITY OF SOME QUALITY CRITERIA IN
MARISOL CLEMENTINE
Aderdour Tarik1/2, Ait El Aouad Bouchra½, Arsalane Najat 1, BenYahia Hamid 1, Brhadda Najiba 4, et
Handaji Najat 1
1
Regional Institute for Agricultural Research Kenitra, Research Unit on plant breeding and
conservation of plant genetic resources, Kenitra, Maroc
2
Ibn Tofail University of Kenitra, microorganisms Laboratory of Plant Protection, Kenitra, Maroc
[email protected]
Abstract
Citrus fruits are a great socio-economic importance nationally. This work is part of a program of
improvement and genetic diversification of citrus its purpose is to study the variability of selection
criteria related to the quality of the fruit. 107 clones of clementine were applied by from gamma ray
irradiation Buds Marisol’s clementine. They were grafted onto macrophylla and planted with a
spacing of 3x5 m2. The evaluation was focused on the organoleptic and pomological criteria.
Statistical analysis showed significant differences between the control and irradiated clones
Clementine (Marisol) for all variables studied (sugar content, number of seeds per fruit, average fruit
weight and percentage of juice and maturity index) except for the acidity of the fruit. Four clones of
clementine from irradiation were selected because of the good quality (seedless fruits, large caliber)
and later that Marisol clementine.
Keywords: Citrus, clémentines, irradiation, variability, quality.
30
STUDIES ON GENETIC VARIABILITY OF QUALITY TRAITS AND AGRONOMIC CHARACTERS AMONG
CLEMENTINES CULTIVARS
EL MustaphaESSALHI 1/2, Hamid BENYAHYA1, Najiba BRHADDA 2, Najib GMIRA2, Najat ARSALANE 1,
Najat HANDAJI 1
1
BP.257 Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique Kenitra
Université Ibn toufail, Faculté des sciences Kenitra. laboratoire de Biodiversité et Ressources
Naturelles
2
[email protected]
Abstract
The Moroccan citrus sector is one of the most important sectors of the national economy and plays
an important socio-economic role. However varietal profile is restricted. Fot that, this study was
undertaken evaluate genetic variability of quality and agronomic traits among 10 clementines
cultivars grafted on troyer citrange rootstock. The trial was planted with density of 6 X 4 m² in INRA
Morocco. During five years of study, statistic analysis showed great variability among clones
clementine for all traits as sugar content (E), acidity (A), seed number per fruit, average fruit weight,
juice content, maturity ratio (E/A) and.yield (kg/tree). Also, year effect is significant. Sugar content
varies between 7 and 13.4 with the sweetest clones Sidi Aisa, Marisol, and Berkane Jnv- 1, the acidity
varies from 0.47 to 1.51 with a low content in Berkane clones and Janvier-1.. These results prove that
the genetic variability among clementines can provide parents basis for citrus improvement program.
Keywords: Citrus, Clementine, breeding, genetic variability, Quality, agronomic traits
31
NEXT GENERATION CROPS: INTEGRATING PROTEOMICS APPROACHES TOWARD
SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE
Goritsa RAKLEOVA1, Ivelin PANCHEV1, Atanas ATANASSOV2, Magdalena TCHORBADJIEVA1
1
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University, Dragan Tzankov Str. 8, 1164 Sofia,
Bulgaria
2
Joint Genomic Center, Dragan Tzankov Str. 8, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
[email protected]
Abstract
Food shortages will be one of the most critical world issues by mid-21st century. The world
population will increase to 9 billion people till 2050. That would call for a 70 % increase in food to
meet demand. However, the main part of the land that is not already being farmed is with
suboptimal characteristics for plant growth. In order to meet all these challenges, the genes and
proteins that build the architecture of crop plants as well as stress resistance and tolerance must be
identified to improve the crop productivity. Understanding the basics of these mechanisms is of
considerable interest for building up agriculture breeding strategies which to result in sustainable
productivity. DNA markers have been extensively used in plant breeding to follow the inheritance of
major genes. However in the last decade the application of proteomics technologies to advance our
knowledge in crop plant abiotic stress tolerance have gained increasing importance. A key advantage
of proteomics over other “Omics” techniques is its possibility to reveal post-translational
modifications (PTMs), which is a precondition for determining their functional impact on crop plant
productivity. The two main techniques widely used in the proteomics field are two-dimensional
electrophoresis (2-DE) and liquid chromatography (LC) followed by varieties of mass spectroscopy
(MS) analysis. Systems biology approach, that includes proteomics, holds great promise for crop
improvements and for the future of agriculture as a whole.
32
IDENTIFICATION OF WATER-USE-EFFICIENCY QTL IN BRASSICA OLERACEA
Sajjad Awan1, Peter Walley1, Guy Barker1, Graham Teakle1, Graham Farquhar2, and Andrew
Thompson3
1
School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Wellesbourne, CV35 9EF, UK;
ANU College of Medicine, Biology and Environment, Canberra, Australia;
3
Cranfield Soil and Agrifood Institute, University of Cranfield, UK.
2
Abstract
Global changes in climatic conditions are expected to upsurge the intensity and spatial extent of
drought caused by higher evapotranspiration driven by high temperature and erratic rainfall
distribution. Rapid rise in world population also demands higher agricultural input efficiencies from
new cultivars. The aim of present work is to improve our understanding of the genetic control of
WUE by using genetic and genomic resources available in B. oleracea. During this study, phenotypic
characterisation of a segregating mapping population (A12DHd x GDDH33) was carried out to identify
WUE QTL. Subsequently, a panel of (A12DHd x GDDH33) substitution lines and 99 members of a B.
oleracea Diversity Fixed Foundation Set (DFFS) were characterised under field and glasshouse
conditions. Characterisation was achieved by measuring carbon isotope composition (δ13C),
transpiration (δ18O), leaf chlorophyll content (SPAD) and specific leaf area (g DW cm-2). The aboveground dry biomass was also measured to establish if WUE gains were at the expense of crop
productivity. As a result of both field and glasshouse phenotyping an interesting substitution line
(SL118) have been identified with significant QTL on BoLG01, BoLG06 and BoLG07 for WUE. Further
characterisation of substitution lines using SNP markers and association mapping is targeted at
providing molecular markers for WUE to facilitate genetic improvement of crops to allow sustainable
production where water resources are limiting.
33
ASSESSMENT OF THE GENETIC DIVERSITY IN FOREST TREE POPULATIONS USING MOLECULAR
MARKERS: A CASE STUDY ON PINUS SYLVESTRIS
Behiye Banu BILGEN1, Deniz GUNEY2 and Nuray KAYA3
1-Namık Kemal University, Faculty of Agriculture, Agricultural Biotechnology Department, 59000
Tekirdağ-TURKEY, [email protected]
2-Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty of Forestry, 61080 Trabzon-TURKEY
3-Akdeniz University, Faculty of Science, Biology Department, 07058 Antalya-TURKEY
In this study, the use of molecular markers for assessment of the genetic diversity in forest tree
populations is determined. Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) is the most widely distributed member of
the Pinaceae family in the world and the most southern populations of P. sylvestris lie in Turkey. Six
cpSSR loci and 4 nSSR loci were analyzed. A total of 32 alleles and 78 alleles were determined for six
cpSSR and four nSSR loci, respectively. The chloroplast microsatellite alleles were combined in 87
different haplotypes. 65.52% of the determined haplotypes were private and/or unique. Genetic
diversity parameters for cpSSR; mean observed number of alleles was 4.07, effective allele number
was 2.56, Shannon’s information index was 0.98. Genetic diversity parameters for nSSR; mean
observed number of alleles was 12.75, effective allele number was 5.86, observed and expected
heterozygosity were 0.667 and 0.758, respectively. AMOVA results for cpSSR and nSSR revealed that
the genetic diversity within populations was very high proportion (99.3 % and 98 % respectively).
Although the populations studied are the most southern populations of P. sylvestris, they still have
high genetic variation. Populations with higher genetic variation have potential for adaptation to a
changing environment. The results of our study suggest that populations with higher genetic
variation should be given high priority for forestry practices such as selection of seed sources and in
situ conservation activities. The most convenient populations for these purposes should be
determined with strong emphasis on the consideration of geographic region and elevation gradients.
34
CORRELATION BETWEEN LIGNIN AMOUNT IN CORTEX AND CHERRY ROOTSTOCK VIGOUR
Hasan Cumhur Sarısu, Ömer Faruk Karamürsel, Fatma Pınar Öztürk, İsmail Demirtaş, İbrahim Gür,
Hakkı Koçal, Mehmet Aksu, Zehra Babalık, Şafak Sekmen
Fruit Research Station, Egirdir, Isparta, TURKEY
[email protected]
Abstract
Cherries are important temperate fruits in Turkey. Prunus avium L., Prunus mahalep L. and Prunus
cerasus L. seedlings and clones are used for cherries as rootstocks. Recently, hybrid rootstocks which
have been obtained crosses between different species are also used in cherry growing. These
rootstocks have been classified with vigour and adaptation talents to soil conditions. Dwarf and semidwarf rootstocks are important for decreasing of growing costs such as handling, pruning etc. in fresh
sweet cherry cultivation. Selection or hybridization breeding in fruit rootstocks takes a long time. In
this study, we looked for answer whether lignin in the cortex related to rootstocks vigour or not. We
examined SL-64 (Prunus mahalep L.), Gisela 6 (P. cerasus × P. canescens), Gisela 5 (P. cerasus × P.
canescens) standard rootstocks and K1, S13, KS5, S4 that we selected them from wild Prunus cerasus
L. populations in Turkey. Lignin amounts of cortex in these rootstocks have been investigated via
histological methods. Lignin layer measured with computer analysis program in tissue cross sections
which were stained with safranin. Eventually, the highest lignin level was measured in the cortex of
the strongest rootstock (SL-64; 185.38 µm). The lowest lignin level was 41.28 µm in the S4 which was
the most dwarf rootstock. It was found positive correlation between K1, S13, KS5 and S4 lignin levels
and their vigour. This method may be used for pre-selection in rootstocks breeding.
35
EXPRESSION OF PL6 GENE IN LEAVES OF TWO NILs AFTER INFECTION WITH SPORES OF Plasmopara
halstedii
Nataša Ćurčić1 , Ljiljana Prokić2 , Siniša Jocić3, Dragan Škorić4, Dejana Panković1
1
Faculty of Environmental Protection, Educons University, Vojvode Putnika 87, 21208 Sremska
Kamenica, Serbia,
2
Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
3
Institute of field and vegetable crops, Maksima Gorkog 30, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
4
Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Begrade Branch in Novi Sad, Nikole Pašića 6, 21000 Novi Sad
[email protected]
ABSTRACT
Pl6 is a downy mildew resistance gene belonging to the class of TIR-NBS-LRR plant resistance genes.
It is identified on linkage group 8 of the public sunflower genetic map and confers resistance to at
least 11 races of P. halstedii. The aim of this work was to examine the early response of Pl6 gene to
downy mildew infection in sunflower near isogenic lines. Sunflower seed of two NILs, with and
without Pl6 gene, i.e. resistant and susceptible to downy mildew were surface sterilized and
germinated. Healthy and uniform seedlings were transfered to trays with a mixture of peat:sand
(3V:1V). Plants were grown in climate chamber at light intensity 10 000-12 000 lux (16h),
temperature 17-190C and 70% humidity. When the first pair of true leaves appeared plants were
spreyed with water (control) or with suspension of spores of P. halstedii (race 730). In the time
period of 2 to 96 hours after treatment leaves were harvested and immediately frozen in liquid
nitrogen. Total RNA was isolated by RNAeasy kit (Quiagen). cDNA, synthetised by RevertAid First
Stand cDNA Synthesis Kit (Fermentas) was used as template in PCR to examine the expression
pattern of Pl6 gene. The amplicifation product was digested with RsaI and HhaI restriction enyzmes.
Fragment of the same size ( 800 bp) was expressed constitutively in both NIL’s. The more significant
difference between susceptible and resistant lines that was observed after digestion with resitriction
enzymes is presented and disscussed. The results contribute to better understanding of sunflower
resistance to downy mildew.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The research is co-financed by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Serbia
(Project No. III43010).
36
IMPROVING DISEASE RESISTANCE IN STRAWBERRY
ANDREW D. ARMITAGE1, CHARLOTTE F. NELLIST1, ROBERT J. VICKERSTAFF1 AND RICHARD J.
HARRISON1
1
East Malling Research, East Malling, Kent ME19 6BJ, UK
Abstract
The UK strawberry industry faces major challenges, with growers encountering increasing
unpredictable and variable weather conditions, as well as the withdrawal of many fungicides and soil
fumigants. These challenges are resulting in increased crop losses due to soil-borne diseases such as
strawberry crown rot and strawberry red core, caused by the oomycete pathogens Phytophthora
cactorum and Phytophthora fragariae, respectively. The aim of the project is to identify and
characterise pathogen effectors necessary for the infection process as well as identify and map
resistance quantitative trait loci (QTL) in strawberry (Fragariae spp.). These markers for pathogen
resistance will then be pyramided in parental germplasm, leading to disease resistant strawberry
cultivars. Mapping populations segregating for resistance to P. cactorum and P. fragariae have been
established and are being screened for resistance/susceptibility. The mapping populations have
been SNP genotyped to produce a highly saturated octoploid strawberry linkage map. Genome
sequencing of strawberry P. cactorum has shown that the RxLR and crinkler compliments are
different between isolates. RNAseq experiments will allow the identification of key effectors and
help determine the genetic basis for pathogen-host interactions. By studying both pathogen and
host diversity simultaneously, this will enable us to provide more durable resistance against these
devastating soil-borne pathogens.
37
AN EVERGREEN USEFUL METHOD: USE OF EMBRYO CULTURE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF
RESYNTHESIZED RAPESEED (BRASSICA NAPUS L.) FORMS DSIPLAYING EDIBLE OIL QUALITY
Fatih SEYİS
Faculty of Agricultural and Natural Sciences, Field Crops Department, Kirazlık Mahallesi, Katori Mevki,
Pazar/RİZE
[email protected]
Abstract
To broaden the diversity within Brassica napus gene pool, studies on resynthesis of rapeseed through
crossing of selected subspecies of Brassica rapa L. and Brassica oleracea L. and obtaining plants
through in vitro culture of isolated embryos in the early stage of their development have been
published based on several investigations. It has been proved, that resynthesized plants are distinct
from cultivars of winter oilseed rape which are bred and cultivated nowadays, so they would serve as
sources of new genetic variability in rapeseed breeding programmes, including cytoplasmic and
nuclear male sterility, resistance to diseases, insect or nematode pests and tolerance to cold, salt and
drought conditions. The use embyo culture technique in Brassica species were ndeveloped in 1930’ s,
but up to now it serves as a effective agent in the development of new germplasm for further
Brassica breeding. The use of embryo culture in Brassica napus breeding programmes will be
discussed in detail.
38
SCIENCE AND AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY: PLACING CROP GENETIC IMPROVEMENT INTO
CONTEXT
IAN CRUTE
Agriculture & Horticulture Development Board, Stoneleigh Park, Warwickshire, CV8 2TL, UK
Abstract
During the last decade the need to increase the quantity and nutritional quality of food has been
widely accepted as a global challenge with high priority; the reasons for this have been well
elaborated in the “Perfect Storm” scenario enunciated since 2007. However, a step change in
agricultural system performance is required to achieve a long-term balance between food supply and
demand in the face of projected global climate change and the need to halt or reverse environmental
degradation. Requirements for land, fresh water and other resources will have to reduce (or at least
not increase) while production per unit of resource use is increased. This objective is captured in the
concept of “sustainable intensification”. The genetic improvement of crops for yield and quality is a
fundamental component of future production systems defined by their increased resource-use
efficiency. However, genetic knowledge and technologies do not, on their own, deliver the required
outcomes. The routes to delivery of practical outcomes from advances in science and technology are
diverse and complex. They involve many payers and components other than genetic gain (important
though this is). This paper will seek to place the importance of crop genetic improvement into the
wider context of science and the management of agricultural systems. It is necessary to recognise the
need for integration of knowledge and skills throughout the complex network of interactions that lie
between progress in the research laboratory and increased productivity in farmers’ fields.
39
THE BEHAVIOUR DYNAMIC OF THE ALTERNATIVE MODEL PARAMECIUM SP. TREATED BY A
PESTICIDE
Benamara M, Benosmane S, Berrebah H, Djebar M.R
Cellular Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biology
Po Box 12, 23000. Annaba - Algeria
[email protected]
Abstract:
The abusive use of the pesticides had procreated an important loss of balance up to standard of the
different ecosystem and the freshwater particularly. Our work is based and aimed to study the toxic
effect of an fungicidal widely used in Algeria, on a alternative biological pattern (model), bioindicator
of pollution Paramecium sp. In the beginning, we were interested to follow of the growth kinetics.
Our results show an inhibition of the growth and disturbance in the motion of microorganisms.
Biochemical assays showed a significant increase in the rate of the total protein. However, the
application of the biomarker has firstly shown a significant reduction of the catalase and on the other
hand, it showed a disturbance in the AChE activity.
Keywords: fungicide, Paramecium sp., toxicity, xénoéstrogen, CAT, AchE.
40
BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION AND CONTRIBUTION TO VALORIZATION OF SOME VARIETIES
OF OPUNTIA FICUS INDICA
Jihane OUMATO1, Saadia ZRIRA1, Bouchta SAIDI1, Mohammed BOUJNAH2
1
Institut Agronomique et Vétérinaire Hassan II. B.P. 6202. Madinat Al Irfane. Rabat
2
INRA Institut National de Recherche Agronomique - Rabat
Abstract:
The cactus is a xerophytic plant that produces edible fruit and fodder for livestock. His snowshoes are
rich in water and nutrients. It can be considered an adequate species for sustainable agriculture in
arid and semi-arid, thanks to its drought resistance and its contribution in the diet of humans and
livestock. In Morocco, as in other North African countries, the species of cactus the most widespread
are dillenii Opuntia, Opuntia vulgaris, Opuntia compressa and Opuntia ficus indica. The latter is the
main species that produces edible fruits (prickly pears). The aim of this work is to determine the
morphological and physico-chemical characteristics of some Opuntia Ficus Indica cultivars the most
abundant in Morocco, and to extract the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) responsible for flavor
by Solid-Phase Microextraction (SPME) coupled with Gaz- Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GCMS). This work based also to valorize the plant through the production of candied fruits and flavored
yoghurts. These new products will be subject to hedonic tests and various monitoring and controls,
among other things, compariason the chemical composition of candied fruit with that of fresh and
microbilogical conrole to ensure good quality and product stability. This work will allow te realice a
cartography of Opuntia Ficus Indica cultivars traited , it will alwo allow the implementation of two
new products on the market: Candied fruits and flavored yogurts and to assure the popularization of
the virtues of these products and integrate them into the field of the agro-industry.
Key words: Opuntia Ficus Indica, volatile organic compounds, SPME, GC-MS, candied fruits, flavored
yoghurts
41
CHICKPEA (CICER ARIETINUM L.) CALLUS INDUCTION
Zohra IGHILHARIZ
Biology Department, Nature and life Sciences Faculty, University of Oran 1 , Algeria.
[email protected]
ABSTRACT:
Chickpea Callus induction of was studied in leaflets and internodes of three cultivars, ICC 3996 C,
Zouaoui and Flip 82 150 C on MS (Murashige and Skoog) nutrient medium, supplemented with
several hormonal combinations of 2, 4-D (2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid), NAA (1Naphthaleneacetic acid) and BAP (6-Benzylaminopurine). The results show that rates of callus
production was significantly influenced at 5 % level, by individual and interactive genotype, explants
source, hormonal balance added to the nutrient medium effects. Among the genotypes tested,
Zouaoui cultivar showed better callogenic ability (61, 66%) compared to ICC 3996 C (50, 66%) and Flip
82 150 C (45, 75%). The two types of explants explained different reactivity. Internodes were
significantly more callogenic and formed 61, 66 % of produced callus, whereas with leaflets, only 45%
were obtained. In addition, from the range of hormonal regime tested, MS medium containing 1
mg/l BAP 0, 5 mg 2, 4-D, or 0,5 mg/l NAA with 2,25 mg/l BAP, expressed the greatest callus formation
rate with respectively 76,80% and 71,92%. However, MS containing 2, 4-D or NAA without
cytokinine, showed low percentages of produced callus.
Key words: Cicer arietinum L., Genotype, Growth regulators, Iinternodes, Leaflets.
42
SNP DISCOVERY AND SUBSEQUENT USE
Stuart J. Lucas1, Bala Anı Akpınar2, Burcu Alptekin2, Hikmet Budak1,2
1
Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Centre (SUNUM), Sabanci University,
Universite Cad. 27, Orhanlı, Tuzla, Istanbul
2
Sabancı University, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Universite Cad. 27, Orhanlı, Tuzla,
Istanbul
Abstract
Molecular markers have an important role in modern crop improvement, as they enable breeders
rapidly to screen large numbers of plants for traits for which the phenotype cannot easily be
measured – the basis of Marker Assisted Selection (MAS). Among the many marker types that have
been developed, Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) offer unparalled opportunities for research
and breeding. SNPs are by far the most abundant and ubiquitous differences between any two
genomes, meaning that they are highly effective for resolving the location of important trait genes.
They are also readily amenable to high-throughput screening. In the last decade, Next-Generation
Sequencing techniques have provided a rapid increase in the availability of crop genome sequences,
which are a rich resource for SNP discovery. We are mining the recently published draft genome
sequences of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to discover SNPs that will be a useful tool for
improving a crop whose large, complex genome and low recombination rate have been a major
hindrance to genetic mapping and marker-assisted breeding. The challenges of accurately identifying
SNPs in NGS datasets from complex genomes will be discussed, along with the bioinformatic tools
and strategies available to address them. Technical methods available for employing SNPs in
breeding programmes will also be presented. Using these methods, it is becoming increasingly
possible to screen and select for complex, multi-component traits such as drought resistance.
43
SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS FROM LEAF SEGMENTS OF FIG (FICUS CARICA L. CV. ‘SARILOP’)
Damla TURAN BÜYÜKDİNÇ ¹ Gonca GÜNVER DALKILIDz
¹ Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Science, Department of
Horticulture Rize, Turkey
² Adnan Menderes University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Horticulture Aydın, Turkey
[email protected]
Abstract
Somatic embryogenesis has a considerable potential of quick formation and genetic transformation
studies of fig. In this study, multiple somatic embryo is targeted via direct and indirect somatic
embryogenesis using leaf segments of “Sarılop” fig cultivar which has a good fresh and drying quality.
The apical buds taken from “Sarılop” fig trees in November and March were proliferated in
Murashige-Skoog (MS) nutrient medium, then developed leaves were used as explants. Callus
(66.66%) were obtained on the leaves in spring K-2 combination (2 mg/L 2,4-D and 0.2 mg/L kinetin)
of MS medium for indirect somatic embryogenesis, but somatic embryo growth was not acquired.
For direct somatic embryo formation, leaf explants were cultivated in MS medium containing TDZ
(Thidiazuron) and 2IP (N6-2-isopentenyladenine) combinations, and callus formation, explant
elongation, root formation and embryo formation were observed. In elongation of leaf explants, the
longest leaf length is measured as 3.09 cm on average in spring. The highest root formation ratio
(42.76%) and the highest embryo formation ratio (20%) were obtained in spring regenerants of DE-4
(MS + 2 mg/L TDZ + 8 mg/L 2IP) combination. Somatic embryo per explant is 0.83. In DE-2 (MS + 2
mg/L TDZ + 4 mg/L 2IP) medium, 83% callus growth ratio was observed.
Keywords: Fig, Ficus carica L.,’’Sarılop‟, somatic embryogenesis.
44
EFFECTS OF THREE FUNGICIDES WIDELY USED FOR THE TREATMENT OF WHEAT SEED ON MYCELIAL
GROWTH OF THE TARGET PEST FUSARIUM SP.
Djekoun M*, Berrebah H, Djebar M.R
Laboratory of Cell Toxicology , Department of Biology, Badji Mokhtar University. PO Box 12, 23000.
Annaba. Algeria.
[email protected]
Abstract:
Fusarium wilt attack the plants of major economic interest including wheat. This disease causes many
problems for farmers and economic loss resulting are often very heavy. Chemical control is currently
one of the most effective ways to fight against these diseases. In this study, the efficacy of three
fungicides (tebuconazole, thiram and fludioxonil - difenoconazole mixture) was tested, in vitro, on
the phytopathogenic Fusarium sp. isolated from seeds of wheat. The active ingredients were tested
at different concentrations: 0.06, 1.39, 2.79, 5.58 and 11.16 mg/l for tebuconazole, 0.026, 0.052,
0.105, 0.21 and 0.42 mg/l for thiram and finally, for the mixture fludioxonil- difenoconazole 4
concentrations were tested : 0.05, 0.1, 0.5 and 1 mg/l. Toxicity responses were expressed as effective
concentration, which inhibits mycelial growth by 50%, (EC50). Of the three selected fungicides,
thirame proved to be the most effective with EC50 value of the order of 0.15 mg/l followed by the
mixture of fludioxonil - difenoconazole with 0.27 mg/l and finally tebuconazole with a value of 3.79
mg / l.
Keywords: Fusarium sp., thiram, tebuconazole, fludioxonil, difenoconazole, EC50
45
A BETTER RUBISCO FOR CROPS: IMPROVING CROP PRODUCTIVITY THROUGH INCREASED
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
Doug Orr, André Alcântara, Elizabete Carmo-Silva, John Andralojc, Martin Parry
Plant Biology and Crop Science, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Herts, AL5 2JQ, UK
Abstract
Rubisco (ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP) carboxylase/oxygenase) enables net carbon fixation
through the carboxylation of RuBP during photosynthesis. Rubisco first evolved 3 billion years ago, in
a CO2-rich environment with very little molecular oxygen. The enzyme found in land plants today
resulted from multiple changes in the primary structure that accumulated slowly over the aeons.
Some characteristics of Rubisco are still constrained by its ancient reaction mechanism, making the
enzyme surprisingly inefficient and compromising photosynthetic productivity in current and future
crops. Even though only a small fraction of the diverse forms of Rubisco have been characterized,
natural variation in its catalytic properties has already been seen. This suggests that further natural
variation in Rubisco characteristics exists in nature. Selection of a better Rubisco has the potential to
deliver improved photosynthetic performance in specific crops and environments. Establishing
natural variation in Rubisco kinetics in search of a better enzyme is one of the objectives of RIPE:
Realising Increased Photosynthetic Efficiency for Sustainable Increases in Crop Yield.
Germplasm
has been selected for screening Rubisco catalytic properties on the basis of fast plant growth rates
(predicted to have fast carboxylation rates) and performance under less favourable conditions such
as hot-arid environments (predicted to have high CO2/O2 specificity). Rubisco catalytic properties are
being characterised in the selected genotypes to identify superior Rubisco forms that can be
exploited to improve photosynthesis in the RIPE mandate crops: rice, soybean and cassava.
Presented will be catalytic data from a diverse range of plant species.
46
GENETIC STUDIES ON SEED YIELD AND STRESS TOLERANCE RELATED TRAITS IN SPRING WHEAT
(TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.) CROSSES
Zine El Abidine Fellahi 1,*, Abderrahmane Hannachi 1, Hamenna Bouzerzour 2
1
Algerian National Institute of Agronomic Research (INRAA), Research Unit of Setif, Algeria.
Ecology & Biology Dept., Fac. Life and Natural Sciences, LVRBN Laboratory, Ferhat Abbas University,
Setif 1, Algeria.
2
[email protected]
Abstract
The present study was carried out at the National Agronomic Research Institute of Algeria (INRAA),
Unit of Setif, during 2012/13 crop season. This study aimed to determine the inheritance mechanism
of yield and some traits related to abiotic stress tolerance in F1 and F2 populations of two spring
wheat crosses (Acsad1135 × Hidhab and Ain Abid × Rmada). Significant genotypic differences were
observed within and among the studied generations for all the traits under consideration. F2 broad
sense heritability estimates were moderately high for chlorophyll content (0.67-0.57), Plant height
(0.61-0.80), spike length (0.50-0.62) and thousand-grain weight (0.72-0.55), but were somewhat
lower for grain yield (0.44-0.17). A large number of effective genes, involved in the genetic control of
yield indicated polygenic inheritance of this trait. Gain from selection is amendable by selection for
all the traits. Desirable significant heterosis was found for all traits except chlorophyll content and
thousand-grain weight in both crosses. Inbreeding depression was observed in both crosses for plant
height (3.05 - 0.22), thousand-grain weight (13.54-12.31) and grain yield (44.17-21.63). Potence ratio
indicated partial to over-dominance for all studied traits in the two crosses except for plant height in
the cross Ain Abid × Rmada, suggesting that delayed selection would be better to practice.
Altogether, the obtained results indicated that the crosses understudy would be of interest in the
breeding program and an effective progress for yield improvement in the considered populations can
be made through selection under rainfed environment.
Keywords: Bread wheat, heterosis, inbreeding depression, semi-arid, variances, yield.
47
IN SILICO CHARACTERIZATION AND MOLECULAR MODELING OF CHORISMATE SYNTHASE (CS)
PROTEINS IN PLANTS
Ertugrul FILIZ1 Ibrahim KOC2
1
Duzce University, Department of Crop and Animal Production, Cilimli Vocational School, 81750,
Cilimli, Duzce, Turkey
2
Gebze Institute of Technology, Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics,
Gebze, Kocaeli, 41400, Turkey
Abstract
The shikimate pathway is crucial for biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids in fungi, bacteria, and plant
species and the chorismate synthase (EC 4.6.1.4) is one of the most important enzymes in shikimate
pathway. In this study, we have performed in silico analyses of CS genes and proteins in six plant
species, including Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Glycine max, Populus trichocarpa, Solanum
lycopersicum, Vitis vinifera, and Zea mays. Based on domain analyses, all CS proteins contained
chorismate synthase (Pfam:01264) domain and all CS were in slightly basic in character except for G.
max. The analyses of sub-cellular prediction revealed that all CSs were predicted to be localized in
chloroplast. The interacting partners of CS were found as including 5-enolpyruvyl-shikimate 3phosphate (EPSP) synthase, chorismate mutase, anthranilate mutase, p-aminobenzoate, and
isochorismate synthase. In silico analysis of CS gene expression profile showed that the highest ratio
of expression level was found in leaves in both tomato and maize among different anatomical parts.
Phylogenetic analyses revealed that green alga, monocot, and dicots separated from each other, but
monocot and dicot clustered in group A. According to the 3D structure and active site analysis of CSs,
some structural and sequence divergence were detected. Notably, green alga C. reinhardtii indicated
more diverged 3D structure and active site than other higher plants.
48
RESISTANCE GENE ENRICHMENT SEQUENCING TECHNIQUE AND ITS APPLICATIONS IN R GENE
IDENTIFICATION IN CROP AND MODEL SPECIES
OLIVER J. FURZER1, VOLKAN ÇEVIK1AND JONATHAN D. G. JONES1
1
The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK.
Abstract
In plants, strong immunity against pathogens and pests such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, oomycetes
and insects is conferred by so-called Resistance genes (R genes). R genes typically encode nucleotide
binding, leucine rich repeat proteins (NB-LRRs). R gene enrichment sequencing (“RenSeq”) is a state
of the art, RNA bait based method, that can be used to select the putative NB-LRR encoding gene
complement of a plant DNA sample (Jupe et al, 2013, The Plant Journal). Such enrichment makes
both the sequencing and downstream bioinformatics analyses more efficient. My presentation will
focus on two main applications of this method. The first is the identification of functional R genes
using RenSeq in combination with either classical or forward genetics. RenSeq was developed for this
purpose in the Solanaceae. We applied the method to the Brassicaceae, including accessions and
bulk segregant pools of Arabidopsis thaliana, Brassica oleracea and Brassica rapa. We used RenSeq
data and a “next-generation mapping” approach to identify several novel R genes in A. thaliana
against White Rust pathogen species. Secondly, I will highlight the potential of RenSeq in the study of
the natural diversity of NB-LRR encoding genes. In A. thaliana, large-scale sequencing projects have
revealed that NB-LRR clusters are incredibly diverse and difficult to resolve using short Illumina
reads. We are using RenSeq to build up our knowledge of the diversity of NB-LRRs and are using this
information to further our understanding of the evolutionary history of these fascinating genes.
49
A PIPELINE FOR EFFECTOR DISCOVERY USING NGS AND ITS APPLICATION IN MARKER-ASSISTED
BREEDING
RICHARD HARRISON1, CHARLOTTE NELLIST1, ROBERT VICKERSTAFF1, SOPHIEN KAMOUN2 AND
ANDREW ARMITAGE1
1
East Malling Research, New Road, East Malling, Kent ME19 6BJ, UK.
2
The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK.
Abstract
Pathogen effectors are important tools in plant breeding, as the frequency and patterns of molecular
variation can be utilized to determine the evolutionary pressures acting upon them. Interpreting the
variation in the subset of effectors that are detected by known resistance genes allows plant
breeders to make judgments about which resistance genes to pyramid. Resistance genes detecting
effectors under the greatest degree of evolutionary constraint may, in combination, provide long
lasting resistance. This could be equally applicable to quantitative and major gene resistances.
Genome sequencing now allows the rapid and affordable characterization of pathogens at the
population level, however the current state of the art genome sequencing technologies lead to
fragmented genome assemblies and difficulties in assigning effectors into orthologous groups and
unambiguously identifying lineage-specific effectors. Furthermore, there may be many effectors in
pathogen genomes and so the identification of those effectors that cause host recognition is difficult
unless supplementary sources of information are present, such as in planta RNA sequencing data and
rapid assays to screen effectors. A set of bioinformatics tools to aid effector classification is
presented, along with a strategy for using these effectors as a tool for screening the host for
resistance.
50
THE PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF THIRAM ON MAIZE
Ilgın AKPINAR1, Muammer ÜNAL2
1
İstanbul University, Faculty of Science, Department of Botany, 34116, Istanbul, Turkey,
[email protected]
Abstract
In our study, the effects of fungicide, thiram, on germination rates, root growth, total peroxidase
were studied on maize (Zea mays L.). For the germination and physiological experiments, seeds of
maize was treated with one of the most common fungucide thiram in different doses (80,160 and
240 µM/L). Maize (Zea mays L.) seeds were obtained from the Pioneer Company of Turkey. Seeds
were surface sterilized in 1% NaOCl (w/v) for 20 min, rinsed with distilled water, and imbibed for 12
h. After imbibition, the seeds were placed in petri plates containing moist filter paper in the dark at
25 °C in an incubator for totally 5 days. The first leaves and roots of treated and control plants were
harvested 72h and 120h after the start of the thiram treatment, frozen in liquid N2, and stored at -80
°C until analysis. Some morphological defects occurred on the root tips of maize treated with thiram.
The root elongation was inhibited by the treatment with thiram . In conclusion, thiram showed
negative effects on germination rates, root morphology, root elongation and POX activity. At the end
of this research, physiological effects of fungicides have been detected on plants, which haven’t been
targeted. We realized that fungicides which under the group of other pesticides are all harmful on
plants. Because of that for protecting nature and environment preventing the pollution on the
agricultural fields more ecological techniques and biocontrol agents have to be use by farmers and
researchers.
Key words: Physiological effects, Fungicide, Maize, Thiram.
51
RECENT INSIGHTS INTO THE PATHOGENICITY OF ERWINIA AMYLOVORA
Kubilay Kurtulus BASTAS
Dept. of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Selcuk University, Campus, Konya, TR
Abstract
Fire blight, caused by the bacterium Erwinia amylovora (Ea), is a highly virulent necrogenic vascular
disease in Rosaceae family. Three main classes of virulence genes (ams, hrp and dsp) are crucial in Ea.
The hrp-associated enzymes region contains five genes, including three hrp-associated systemic
virulence genes, which have not been found within other bacterial pathogenicity islands. The
pathogenicity of Ea involves a hrp-dsp gene cluster including secretion genes that encode constituent
proteins of a type III secretion system (TTSS), and genes encoding secreted proteins that contribute
to virulence, and regulatory genes. The hrp/hrc region contains regulatory genes (hrpL, hrpS and
hrpXY), hrc genes constitute the core structural components of the TTSS, including HrpA, a pilin
protein, elicitor regions encode two harpin proteins (HrpN and HrpW). The effector genes [eop1,
eop3 (hopX1), eop4 (avrRpt2), dspA/E, and hopPtoC (hopC1)] and several chaperones (dspF/B, esc1
(orfC), and esc3) play a considerable role in virulence. Protein lysine acetylation (LysAc) profiles in Ea
alter the ability to cause disease on different apple genotypes. In addition, AmyR, an amylovoran
repressor, is an orphan protein and is characterized as a negative regulator of EPS production in Ea.
The RcsCDB, promoter of the ams operon involved in amylovoran biosynthesis, system is
demonstrated to be essential for virulence. Recently, the multiple Hfq-dependent sRNAs, a novel
sRNA RmaA, rpoN gene and ArcZ, which has a pleiotropic regulation of all major virulence factors
characterized in Ea has been evidenced to control various virulence functions and the pathogenicity.
In conclusion, gaining insight into infection strategies by Ea and defense mechanisms of the host
plant is crucial in obtaining a fire-blight-free environment.
52
THE ROLE OF THE POPLAR FOR THE PHYTOEXTRACTION OF BORON FROM CONTAMINATED SOIL
AND INVESTIGATION OF POPLAR GENES RESPONSIBLE IN TOLERANCE TO BORON TOXICITY
Kubilay Yildirim1, Dilek Kaya Ozdogan2, Teoman Kahraman3
1
Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey, 2Soil, Fertilizer and Water Resources Central Research
Institute, Ankara, Turkey, 3Poplar and Fast Growing Forest Trees Research Institute, Izmit, Turkey
Abstract
Boron pollution is one of the most serious environmental problems affecting more than 20% of
agricultural area in Turkey. The present study investigated the capacity of some populus species
(Populus alba, Populus nigra and hybrid poplar) for the phytomanagement of boron. For this
purpose, we established pot trial including one year old poplar seedlings. Then boron treatment was
applied within the irrigation water to these seedlings over the course of a growing season. The total
concentration of boron was measured in the roots, stems, green leaves, fallen leaves, and
thecorresponding soil. Our results indicated that all poplar species could resist 8 ppm boron
contamination in the soil. At this critical level poplar leaves had an average B concentration of 1050
mg/kg, while the stems contained 120 mg/kg B. Leaf B concentrations increased linearly with leaf age
and the fallen leaves had higher boron concentrations. Boron has an important usage in wood
industry as a fire retardant. Therefore, the wood material obtained from the boron treated seedling
were subjected to a burning test in the study. The results of this test indicated that the wood that is
obtained from the boron treated seedlings were 18% resistant to fire compared to control materials.
The study revealed that the poplar is an excellent species for phytoextraction of boron from the
contaminated sites. Harvesting alternate rows of trees on contaminated soils or river sites would
remove boron and produce high quality wood material that is resistant to fire. In the study, the
tolerant and sesceptible poplar clones have been also identified to compare gene profilies under
different boron toxicty levels. Totally 36 Affymetrix poplar genome arrays was used to study
differential gene expression in the leaves and the roots of the boron senstive and tolerant poplar
clones
53
PHENOTYPING PATHOGEN RESISTANCE IN CULTIVATED STRAWBERRY ROOTS USING
HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGING
HELEN COCKERTON, BO LI, RICHARD J. HARRISON
1
East Malling Research (EMR), New Road, East Malling, Kent ME19 6BJ
Abstract
Verticillium dahliae is a major soil-borne pathogen that causes a vascular wilt disease in cultivated
strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa) leading to substantial crop loses. The root lesion
nematode Pratylenchus penetrans has been reported to form a disease complex with V. dahliae on
the host plant strawberry. Specifically, the presence of P. penetrans, activates the disease potential
of V. dahliae at levels below the threshold that would normally cause disease. Thus far, eleven V.
dahliae resistance loci have been identified through aboveground phenotyping. The development of
a belowground phenotyping system using hyperspectral imaging will allow a faster and more
comprehensive assessment of disease symptoms. Preliminary experiments have determined a root
water index that can quantify the hydration level of roots. It is believed that the occlusion of xylem
vessels by V. dahliae will allow the root water index to be used as an infection indicator. Screening of
a mapping population segregating for resistance to P. penetrans will assist with the confirmation of
known quantitative trait loci (QTL) and also the identification of novel QTL controlling resistance to
both pathogens. Ultimately, the natural resistance alleles present in cultivated strawberry and their
wild relatives may be pyramided into high quality fruit lines in order to produce commercial cultivars
with robust resistance to V. dahliae and P. penetrans.
54
MOLECULAR MARKERS CORRELATED WITH FRUITS CHARACTERS IN OLIVE
Meryem Ipek1, Murat Seker2, Ahmet Ipek1
1
Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Uludağ University, Bursa, Turkey
Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Şırnak University, Şırnak, Turkey
2
[email protected]
Abstract
Olive has long juvenile period which restricts breeding studies in this important fruit crop. Therefore,
molecular markers linked to traits of interest are highly desirable in olive to improve breeding and
other genetic studies. In this study, in order to identify molecular markers significantly associated
with fruit traits, an olive core collection were characterized with amplified fragment length
polymorphism (AFLP) markers and fruit traits. A total of 168 polymorphic AFLP markers and seven
fruit traits including fruit weight, fruit width, fruit length, stone weight, stone width, stone length and
total polyphenols contents were used in correlation analysis. The correlation analysis with multiple
regression analysis (MRA) with stepwise addition of AFLP markers revealed five AFLP markers
significantly correlated with fruit weight, fruit length, stone weight, stone length and total
polyphenols (P < 0.05). The EACA/MCAT4382 marker correlated with four traits including fruit weight,
fruit width, fruit length, stone weight, and stone length. Only marker (EAGG/MCTC9246) had
correlation with total polyphenols contents of olive fruits. Molecular makers correlated with fruit
traits could be useful to increase selection efficiency of breeding programs in olive.
55
FUTURE-PROOFING POTATO – PROTECTING TUBERIZATION FROM ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS
WAYNE MORRIS1, ROBERT HANCOCK1, LAURENCE DUCREUX1, PETE HEDLEY1, JENNY MORRIS1,
GLENN BRYAN1, SUSAN VERRALL2, MUHAMMAD USMAN3, MARK TAYLOR1
1
Cell and Molecular Sciences, The James Hutton Institute, Dundee, DD2 5HZ, UK.
2
Information and Computational Sciences, The James Hutton Institute, Dundee, DD2 5HZ.
3
Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan.
Abstract
Potato is the third most important food crop in the world with global crop production exceeding 300
MT. The sensitivity of tuber yield to temperature is a serious constraint to production in many areas.
Good tuber yield under high temperature is thus increasingly becoming a target for potato breeders.
As heat stress tolerance is likely to be multi-genic, characterising the responses to elevated
temperatures is necessary to develop heat tolerant potato genotypes either by conventional or
transgenic approaches. Although a number of studies have previously examined heat stress
responses in potato they have primarily focussed on responses to heat shock or the immediate
acclimation phase following a shift to elevated temperature. Our study focuses on the impact of high
temperatures following acclimation of tuberizing plants to either normal daytime (22oC) or elevated
(30oC) temperature. We have combined physiological, biochemical and molecular analyses with a
detailed time series of transcriptional and metabolite profiles in both leaves and tubers. Our data
suggests that following acclimation potato plants grown under elevated temperatures are not
subject to stress and that observed yield reductions are instead the result of systemic transcriptional
reprogramming that results in alterations in carbon partitioning, shifts in metabolite pools and
favours aerial over tuber growth. We have also characterised the biochemical and transcriptional
responses in two divergent potato genotypes under contrasting day length regimes and revealed
new insights into tuberization, particularly the presence of an additional StSP6A allele that is
associated with tuber formation under long day-length conditions.
56
EVALUATION OF ADVANCED CHICKPEA (CICER ARIETINUM L.) ACCESSIONS BASED ON DROUGHT
TOLERANCE INDICES AND SSR MARKERS AGAINST DIFFERENT WATER TREATMENTS
Muhammad Amir Maqbool1, Muhammad Aslam*1, Hina Ali2, Tariq Mahmud Shah2
1
Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology (NIAB), Faisalabad, Pakistan
2
ABSTRACT
Chickpea is mainly grown in marginal lands and faces problem of erratic rainfall that causes lack of
water availability especially during terminal growth stages. Therefore, evaluation of chickpea
genotypes for drought tolerance especially at terminal growth stages is very effective for marginal
lands. Forty chickpea advanced lines were grown under three different water regimes; T1: one
irrigation during field bed preparation and 2nd irrigation at flowering stage, T2: single irrigation
applied during field bed preparation, T3: no irrigation given and lysimeter conditions provided in
which field beds were protected from rainfall by rain shelters. Same set of the experiment with same
treatments was repeated for two years (2012-13 and 2013-14). At physiological maturity data for
yield and yield components were collected which were subjected to three factor factorial analysis of
variance. Highly significant differences among genotypes and water treatments were observed. Grain
yield under rainfed was higher than under irrigated conditions which showed that irrigation at
flowering stage was not in favor of yield. Forty genotypes were categorized into four distinct groups
on the basis of PCA based biplot for different drought tolerance indices (Stress Tolerance Index,
Geometric Mean Productivity, Yield Index, Mean Productivity, Stress Susceptibility Index and Yield
Stability Index). Group-1 consists of drought tolerant genotypes and Group-4 consists of susceptible
genotypes. Genotypes in Group-2 perform better only under normal conditions while genotypes in
Group-3 perform better only under stress conditions. Twenty eight SSR primers were used for sorting
out genotypes either as drought tolerant or susceptible and to find association with results of
drought tolerance indices. Only nine markers were found to be polymorphic while others were either
monomorphic or not amplified. H3DO5 and TA8 with Group-I, TR19 and ICCM0035 with Group-II,
ICCM0035 with Group-III and TA25 was strongly correlated with results of Group-IV. Genotypes of
group-I (CH16/06, CH81/06 and D097-11) were selected as drought tolerant.
Key words: Chickpea, water deficit, Pakistan, irrigation, lysimeter, SSR markers and Biplot graph.
57
CELL TYPE SPECIFIC ANALYSIS FOR UNDERSTANDING THE REGULATORY MECHANISM OF LEAF
SENESCENCE
NİHAL GÖREN-SAĞLAM1, VICKY BUCHANAN-WOLLASTON2
1
Istanbul University, Faculty of Science, Department of Botany, Süleymaniye, Istanbul, TURKEY
2
Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill, CV35 9EF, UK.
Abstract
Senescence is an important developmental procedure which is seen in annual crop plants overlaps
with the reproductive phase and resulted in death of cell, tissue, organ or the whole plant. Despite of
plenty of studies conducted on senescence, its mechanism has not been fully elucidated yet. This
may result from the fact that internal and external factors may play a role in the regulation of
senescence, solely or together. Of internal factors, especially plant hormones can induce or inhibit
senescence. Dark is a very important external factor that induces senescence. Dark induction of
senescence has been utilized experimentally as an easy way to study the progress of leaf senescence.
In agriculture, leaf senescence is an important crop improvement. Understanding the regulatory
mechanism of leaf senescence is important for manipulating senescence for increasing crop yield.
Cell-specific resolution of gene activity is critical to understand specific developmental events.
However, such high resolution data have been difficult to obtain at a genomic level because specific
types of cell need to be isolated. One of the most efficient method to isolate specific cells from
neighboring cells in the same organ or tissue is FACS. The isolated cells can be used for genomic
analysis. In this study dark-induced senescent Arabidopsis thaliana leaves that the GFP genes
transferred were examined. After the protoplasting, GFP cells and other cells were sorted the
individual tubes using FACS machine. qPCR and microarray analysis were performed with obtaining
cells. The fractions sorted are highly enriched for GFP-containing cells, as demonstrated by qPCR.
58
COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF SSR AND SRAP MARKERS FOR CHARACTERIZATION OF SEVEN
ACCESSIONS OF CITRUS
Adetula Olagorite
National Horticultural Research Institute, Idi-Ishin P.M.B. 5432, Ibadan, Nigeria.
[email protected]
Abstract
Molecular marker techniques allow the analysis and detection of genetic variation at the genomic
level. The aim of the study is to compare different molecular markers (SSR and SRAP) and their
application in seven citrus characterization. The study would also evaluate the genetic similarity
obtained with both markers and compare their effectiveness in estimating genetic similarity among
the Citrus accessions. Young leaves of Citrus plant collected from National Center of Citrus Breeding
(NCCB), Huazhong Agricultural University (HZAU) Wuhan, China were used for genomic DNA
extraction. Simple sequence Repeat (SSR) and Sequence related amplified polymorphism (SRAP)
markers were used to identify, characterize and detect variation among the seven Citrus accessions.
Significant molecular marker polymorphisms were detected among seven Citrus. SSR proved to be
the most efficient marker because of their capacity to reveal several bands in single amplification.
The genetic relationship between the Citrus varieties was determined using Numerical Taxonomy
System (NTSYS) statistical software.
59
PLANT GENOME EDITING USING CRISPR/CAS9 SYSTEM
Yasin F Dagdas1, Vladimir Nekrasov1, Angela Chaparro Garcia1, Khaoula Belhaj1, Sophien Kamoun1
1
The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, NR4 7UH, UK
Abstract
CRISPR/Cas9 is a rapidly evolving targeted genome-editing technology that is considered as an
alternative to classical breeding and genetic modification techniques. Until recently, genome-editing
toolbox contained zinc finger nucleases and TAL effector nucleases. However, due to complicated
design and assembly procedures plant biology community did not exploit these tools widely.
CRISPR/Cas9 system is an easy and cheap genome editing technique, which has been shown to work
in many plant species. A short guide RNA is coexpressed with the Cas9 nuclease for targeted
modification of genomic DNA. The customizable flexible design and quick assembly protocols posit
CRISPR/Cas9 technique as a game changing technology for crop improvement. In this talk I will
present basics and recent advances of CRISPR/Cas9 technology in plant genome editing.
60
PRESENT TRENDS IN WINTER OILSEED RAPE BREEDING
Fatih SEYİS
Faculty of Agricultural and Natural Sciences, Field Crops Department, Kirazlık Mahallesi, Katori Mevki,
Pazar/RİZE, TURKEY
[email protected]
Abstract
The breeding of oilseed rape is still largely done using classical breeding techniques and as breeding
technologies improve, new methods can and have been incorporated into this process. The breeding
process could be shortened using biotechnological methods, with microspores and double haploids
Work that was earlier carried out on the field can be now completed in greenhouses and
laboratories. Based on this advancement it is possible to produce more than one generation per year
and speed up the development of varieties with desired market traits e.g. high oil content etc. The
demands of the market change extremely quickly and therefore, breeding techniques that have a
quicker turnaround time are required.. With the use of modern technologies you can nearly predict
the result of a cross between two different oilseed rape plants. This reduces the lengthy, time
intensive and expensive test-cross-breeding in the field. Present trends in winter oilseed breeding
will be discussed in detail.
61
RUBISCO PROPERTIES OF WHEAT RELATIVES PROVIDE SCOPE FOR IMPROVEMENT OF
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
ANNEKE PRINS1, DOUGLAS J. ORR1, P. JOHN ANDRALOJC1, MATTHEW P. REYNOLDS2, ELIZABETE
CARMO-SILVA1, MARTIN A. J. PARRY1
1
Plant Biology and Crop Science Department, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, AL5 2JQ UK.
2
International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), El Batán, Texcoco CP 56130,
Mexico.
Abstract
Rubisco is the key enzyme that fixes carbon dioxide during photosynthesis. Constraints associated
with its complex reaction mechanism make the enzyme surprisingly inefficient and limit
photosynthetic productivity in current and projected climates. However, natural variation in Rubisco
kinetic properties exists and can be exploited to improve photosynthesis in crop species. We have
used biochemical activity assays to survey the kinetic properties and specificity factors of Rubisco
from 25 Triticeae species, including wild relatives of wheat. Measurements were taken at two
temperatures (25 and 35°C). For all genotypes, carboxylation rates were higher at 35°C than 25°C,
while specificity factor (Sc/o) was lower at the elevated temperature. A positive correlation was found
between carboxylation rate (Vc) and Michaelis-Menten constant for CO2 (Kc), while Vc and Sc/o were
inversely related. Some, but not all, of the observed variation was consistent with Rubisco large
subunit sequence polymorphism. Through modelling of photosynthetic rate using the measured
kinetic parameters, we have identified Rubisco from two Triticeae species that perform better than
control wheat Rubisco in a model wheat leaf. These species represent useful candidates for wheat
photosynthetic improvement through breeding or other techniques such as genetic engineering.
62
RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN APOIDEA AND PLANTS (HYMENOPTERA, APOIDEA) IN THE SUBURB OF
EL HARRACH (ALGIERS, ALGERIA)
BOUTI Fella 1 DOUMANDJI Salaheddine1
1
Agri. Forest. zool. Dep., Agri. Sup. Nati. Scho. El Harrach (Algiers)
[email protected]
Abstract:
This study is led during the period going of July 2012 until April 2013, concerning the diversity of the
group of Apoidea (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) in the oriental part of Mitidja. The observations reveal the
presence of 47 species of Apoidea, with 2 subspecies of honey bees, 5 families of apoidea
represented by 14 Kinds. These 5 families are Apidae with 37,0% abundance, represented by the
kinds Apis, Anthophora, Amegilla, Eucera, Melecta, Bombus and Xylocopa. Among Halictidae (30, 9%)
there are the kinds Halictus and Lasioglossum. Andrenidae corresponds to 22, 2% of the captured
species, with single kind Andrena. Megachilidae (8, 6%) is present by 3 kinds those of the Megachile,
Osmia and Heriades. Colletidae is little mentioned with a single species of the kind Hylaeus (1, 2%).
The diversity of the sampled species gets closer to the maximal value with a value of the index of
Shannon-Weaver equal to 5, 1 bits and equitability equal to 0, 91.
Keywords: Apoidea, El Harrach (Algiers), Andrenidae, Halictidae, Apidae
63
OVERVIEW OF POLLINATION BY THE HONEY BEE APIS MELLIFERA (L., 1758) (HYMENOPTERA,
APOIDEA, APINAE) OF SOME PLANT SPECIES SPONTANEOUS ORNAMENTAL AND GROWN IN THE
SUBURB OF EL HARRACH (ALGIERS, ALGERIA)
BOUTI Fella 1 DOUMANDJI Salaheddine 1
1
Agri. Forest. zool. Dep., Agri. Sup. Nati. Scho. El Harrach (Algiers)
[email protected]
Abstract:
This study was conducted during the period between September 2012 and April 2013 on pollination
by honey bees of spontaneous plants in the eastern part of the Mitidja (Algiers, Algeria). For the
plant species used by the honey bee and their favorite pastures, a census of the dominant vegetation
of the area is made. Vegetation identified during flowering is very diverse. 77 flowering plants were
observed during the study divided into 39 botanical families. The most mentioned family is
Asteraceae which corresponds to 15.6% of species. During the spring period, 57 species bloom in
March and April. They belong to 29 families, 74.0% of the vegetation identified. The abundance of
Apis mellifera visits followed on plants is 87.6%. The beginning of the daily activity of these bees is
irregular. It can start early in the morning from 6 h 40' or later from 10 h 30' in some cases. The bee
activity reached a maximum peak between 11 h 00' and 13 h 00', but at 15 h 00' it start to decrease.
The diversity of plants pollinated by Apis mellifera is 3.72 bits, with equal fairness 0.59. The Simpson
diversity index calculating floral visits of the honey bee is 0.11. The purpose of the food honey bee
foraging plants is studied. Visits for mixed crop of both pollen and nectar represent 52.9%. The
number of visits front, as positive affect harvesting pollen, corresponding to 28.5%. But 18.7% are
negative or side visits relate exclusively harvest nectar.
Keywords : Apis mellifera, Apoidea, Flora honey, Diversity, floral visit, Mitidja (Algiers)
64
UTILIZATION OF ASSOCIATION MAPPING IN PLANT BREEDING PROGRAMS
Muhammet ŞAKİROĞLU1
1
Department of Bioengineering, Kafkas University, 36100 Kars/TURKEY.
Abstract
Mapping the genomic regions that control agronomic traits and using those regions in selection
programs could speed the breeding process. There are two mapping approaches widely practiced to
achieve the goal. Classical biparental mapping uses two distinct parents and the created linkage
between phenotype and markers to detect the chromosomal segments that control the trait of
interest. However, Association mapping (AM) uses broad based populations with an aim to detect
marker-trait associations by taking advantage of historical linkage disequilibrium (LD). Nevertheless,
there are several challenges while conducting AM. One of the practical problems is the elevated
number of false positives arisen from population structure. A number of statistical approaches are
available to reduce the false positives. Estimating family structure and using as a control factor has
been proven to reduce the unreal associations. The other major challenge for wider application of
association mapping in plant breeding is the unavailability of a higher number of robust genomewide markers for many crop species. Candidate gene approaches could serve better tool if the
species of interest does not have a well established genomic resources. Recently, high-throughput
genotyping strategies becoming more cost effective and could provide a large number of robust
markers evenly distributed across the genome and thereby could increase the efficiency of the AM
strategies in plant breeding.
65
CROP IMPROVEMENT USING TAL EFFECTORS - HISTORY, MECHANISM AND APPLICATIONS FOR
PLANT GENOME EDITING
SEBASTIAN SCHORNACK
Sainsbury Laboratory (SLCU), University of Cambridge, 47 Bateman Street, Cambridge CB2 1LR, UK.
Abstract
Xanthomonas TAL effectors constitute a great example of how plant-microbe research can lead to
technological breakthroughs. TAL effectors are bacterial proteins which are secreted from
Xanthomonas species into host plant cells. Inside the host nucleus they bind DNA and activate
transcription of plant genes to support bacterial infection. The DNA-binding domain of TAL effectors
has a unique structure consisting of nearly identical amino acid repeats. However, variations of
amino acids 12 and 13 in each repeat facilitate binding to a DNA base with ultimate specificity. By
utilising this repeat – DNA base code we can generate customized repeat arrays, resulting in DNA
binding domains for any desired DNA sequence. This has led to the generation of TAL DNA binding
domain fusions to DNA nucleases which can be employed as molecular scissors to cut DNA in a
sequence specific fashion. The cell’s DNA repair machinery subsequently attempts to repair the cut,
which often results in loss or insertion of bases. The combination of cutting and imperfect repair
enables generation of stop codons or frame shifts which essentially switch off the targeted gene.
Sequence specific cuts in addition enable the site-specific integration of novel sequences. In
summary, TAL effector nucleases permit genome editing. In this presentation I will briefly summarise
history and mechanism of TAL effectors and will provide prominent examples of their use with a
focus on applications for improvement of crop plants.
66
IDENTIFICATION OF A GENE CONTROLLING TOMATO FRUIT TEXTURE
Selman Uluisik
School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, Leics LE12 5RD, UK.
Abstract
The cultivated tomato, Solanum lycopersicum, is probably the most important fruit crop, in the
human diet on the basis of amount consumed both as a fresh and processed product. Tomato is also
the model for investigating the biological basis of ripening in fleshy fruits. Ripening is an important
developmental process involving the expression of hundreds of genes that control the colour, texture
and flavour of the fruit. Texture is a particularly important quality attribute, but its molecular basis is
highly complex and still relatively poorly understood. Evidence indicates that texture of tomato
involves numerous cell wall remodelling events including pectin degradation caused by cell modifying
enzymes such as, polygalacturonase, pectin methylesterase and pectate lyase . In this project we
used the crop wild-species relative Solanum pennellii to resolve quantitative trait locus (QTL) for
texture. Introgression lines with S. pennellii segmented in a genetic background of S. lycopersicum
(M82) were previously screened and a texture QTL identified on Chromosome 3. Initial experiments
have mapped this effect to a 2.1 Mb interval on this chromosome. This project aims to identify the
gene under this texture QTL by further linkage mapping and then test candidate gene in transgenic
tomato fruits.
67
COMBINING ABILITY ANALYSIS AND HETEROTIC EFFECTS FOR COTTON FIBER QUALITY TRAITS
Remzi Ekinci
Sema Basbag
University of Dicle, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Field Crops, 21280 Diyarbakir, Turkey
[email protected]
ABSTRACT
Combining ability analysis and heterotic effects for cotton fiber quality traits were studied in a set of
diallel crosses involving six cotton genotypes. The aim of this study was to estimate general
combining ability of parents, special combining ability of F1 diallel crosses, heterotic effects of F1
diallel crosses in in the breeding programme to develop high quality cotton varieties. Randomized
complete block design was used to test 15 F1 diallel crosses, and 6 parents. Although analysis
revealed significant general combining ability effects for all the investigated traits and additive gene
effects were important in the inheritance of the traits, analysis revealed significant SCA effects for
only fiber fineness and spinning consistency index traits and additive and non-additive gene effects
were important in the inheritance of the traits. General combining ability was found significant for all
investigated traits, revealing the important role of additive gene effects. Specific combining ability
was found significant for the Mic and SCI, revealing that non-additive gene effects, as dominant or
epistatic are important, but not for Len, Str and SFI.
Keywords: Cotton, Fiber Quality, Gene Action, Diallel Analysis
68
“WHEAT × MAIZE CROSSING SYSTEM” AN EFFICIENT WAY OF PRODUCING DOUBLED HAPLOIDS IN
WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.)
Shadab Shaukat1*, Muhammad Ahsan Khan1, Abdus Salam Khan1, Muhammad Kashif1, Javed
Ahmad2, Ihsan Khaliq1
1
Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad.
Wheat Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad.
2
[email protected]
Abstract
The conventional breeding methods take 6-7 years, after which stability is achieved. So to avoid this
laborious and time consuming job we can produce homozygosity within two years through doubled
haploid (DH) technique. Wheat × maize cross have proved to be more efficient in the production of
DH lines than the anther or ovule culture techniques, because of its lower genetic specificity and
further maize pollens are highly responsive to wheat carpel which ultimately initiate stable
propagule population. Wheat is being used as female parent and maize as a male parent for the
production of doubled haploid. This technique facilitates the development of homozygous plants
within one generation. The system is developed through haploid production, followed by
chromosome doubling, to produce homozygous plants in a single generation. DH technology also
produced uniformity and homozygosity in our samples.The purpose of this study was to find out the
possibilities to improve efficiency of DH production of wheat via various protocols for haploid
embryo production. The information so obtained would be very useful for developing a practically
feasible haploid breeding program to enhance the wheat production in the country. The
development of DH is a significant advancement in wheat breeding because time period required for
repeated selection cycles is reduced, valuable homozygous DH lines make the identification of
superior genotypes easy.
69
PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND FTIR STUDIES ON TUNISIAN VICIA SATIVA SEEDS
Aouida Marwa1*, Khediri Mannai1, Jebara Moez1
1
Laboratory of Legumes, Center of Biotechnology- Borj Cédria,Tunisia
[email protected]
Anti-nutritional factors (ANFs) in grain legumes can be divided into several groups based on their
chemical and physical properties. Non protein amino acids, cyanogenic glycosides, pyrimidine
glycosides, isoflavones, tannins, oligosaccharides, saponins, phytates, lectins or protease inhibitors
are amongst these properties. In this investigation, preliminary phytochemical screening and
functional groups identification of cyanogenic compounds on seeds extracts of Vicia sativa Thus,
additional studies need to be carried out to reduce these anti-nutritional factors. Additionally, FTIR
spectra proved to be a powerful technique in rapid screening of cyanogenic compounds varieties was
performed. Three different subspecies, of Vicia sativa; Vicia sativa ssp sativa, Vicia sativa ssp
macrocarpa, and Vicia sativa ssp niga, were subjected to the screening using Fourier transform
infrared spectrophotometer. The seed extracts were further tested to investigate the availability of
cyanogenic compounds. The use of FTIR spectrum showed the presence of nitrile (C≡N stretching) in
the seeds extracts of these three subspecies. The results confirm that Vicia sativa possesses an
important content of cyanogenic compounds in grain legumes.
Keywords: Vicia sativa, ANFs, FTIR spectroscopy, C≡N stretching
70
DETERMINATION OF OUTCROSSING DISTANCE AND RATE IN SOME COWPEA (Vigna sinensis L.)
ECOTYPES
Özlem AKAN
Tulin BAŞ
Adnan Menderes University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Horticulture
Abstract
In this study, it was aimed to determine the outcrossing distances and rate of some local cowpea
ecotypes. At the beginning two ecotypes, which is collected from this region before, were used
(no:15, black eyed white seeded maternal parent and KK, black seeded paternal parent). At the
second repetition of the experiment another local ecotype was included (no:19 as second paternal
parent, brown seeded). Morphological markers were used to determine the outcrossing distances of
the landraces. Some traits, which are defined in IBPGR’s cowpea descriptor, were used for this
purpose. At the first year of the study (2005), to obtain information about the direction and the
distance of outcrossing, the landraces were planted in a special arrangement and allowed for
outcrossing. At the second year of the study (2006), the seeds obtained from the plants of the first
step were grown and observed as the second generation. At the following two years (2007-2008) the
study was repeated. The data subjected to cluster analysis and PCA by using NTSYSpc 2.2 version.
The plants which were in the same cluster with paternal ecotypes, accepted as outcrossed. At the
first study (2005), the outcrossing distance at north, south, east and west was 23m, 32m, 18m and
21m respectively; at the repetation of the study (2007) the outcrossing distance at north, south, east
and west was 8m, 5m, 4m and 17m respectively. It is supposed that the differences of outcrossing
distance between the two years is based on the ecological (especially the temperature and humidity)
factors and the differences between the activities of the pollinator insects in that conditions.
Although it is supposed to obtain natural outcrossing ratios by using inheritance of seed-colour
character, reliable results could not obtain because of the complication of seed colour inheritance.
Key words: Vigna sinensis L., cowpea, outcrossing rate, outcrossing distance, cluster analysis,
morphologic markers
71
BREEDING ACTIVITIES OF KASIB NETWORK ON CREATING NEW VARIETIES IN KAZAKHSTAN AND
RUSSIA
Zhapayev R.,1 Zelenskiy Y.,1 Karabayev M.,1 Tsigankov V.,3 Sereda G.,3 Chudinov V.,3 Bekenova
L., Belan I.,3 Tyslenko A.,4 Ganeyev V.,3 Shamanin V.,3 Akhmetova A.,1 Abugaliyeva A.,3 Morgounov
A.2
3
1
CIMMYT-Kazakhstan, PO 1443, 010000, Astana, Kazakhstan
CIMMYT, PO Box 39, Emek 06511, Ankara, Turkey
3
Kazakh-Siberian Network of Spring Wheat Improvement (KASIB), c/o CIMMYT
4
All-Russian Institute for Organic Fertilizers and Peat, Russia
2
Abstract
Spring wheat is the main food crop in North Kazakhstan, Western Siberia, Ural, Altay, and Volga
regions. This area represents relatively uniform conditions growing close to 20 million ha of spring
wheat. Average wheat yield is 1.0-1.8 t/ha depending on the year, and in favorable years up to 2.5
t/ha. The drought conditions, fertile soils and the grown genotypes provide with high protein (1318%) and gluten (25-34%) content. Wheat varieties grown in the regions are primarily developed by
the public research institutions. In 2000 CIMMYT established the Kazakhstan-Siberia Network of
Spring Wheat Improvement (KASIB), which unites now 19 breeding and research programs of
Kazakhstan and Russia. The goal of KASIB is to improve the breeding of spring wheat in Kazakhstan
and Siberia through the exchange of new varieties and involving international germplasm to the
breeding process. Over 600 varieties and advanced lines of bread and durum wheat have been
studied in KASIB nurseries within 15 years. "Shuttle breeding" program between KASIB and CIMMYTMexico was established to integrate resistance to leaf and stem rusts into local germplasm under
Kazakh-Shuttle Breeding Nurseries (KSBN). On the base of CIMMYT's genetic recourses and "Shuttle
material" the local breeders developed a range of new varieties of spring wheat such as Stepnaya 60,
CIMKAR 20, Sigma, Niva Priirtishiya, Ayna and triticale such as Amigo, Norman and Carmen. Thus,
KASIB become a very effective Network contributing to breeding of spring wheat in high latitude
regions.
72
ANALYSIS OF BREAD MAKING QUALITY PARAMETERS OF TAJIK WHEAT VARIETIES AND LINES
Eva Johansson1, Hafiz Muminjanov2, Larisa Gustavsson1, Marufqul Mahkamov 1, 2
1
SLU, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences,
TAU, Tajikistan,
2
[email protected]
Wheat is a major crop for human consumption in a number of countries around the world. Because
of the large consumption, wheat has a crucial role into the daily diet of human. The seed storage
components are important while consumed and also for baking bread or production of other types of
food from the grain flour. This work has focused on the evaluation of wheat quality of Tajik wheat
varieties and lines using a numbers of quality parameters. The protein composition and content,
thousand kernel weight, wet gluten, gluten deformation index, glassiness, bread volume, total and
dry gluten, falling number, water absorption and dough strength was analysed. A high variation in
protein composition was found among the investigated wheat varieties and lines. The most widely
present HMW-GS were 2*, 7+9 or 7+8 and 5+10 encoded on Glu-A1, Glu-B1, Glu-D1. The investigated
wheat varieties and lines were largely found to be inhomogeneous for the protein composition i.e.
several types of HMW-GS were found in the same wheat varieties and lines. Seventeen
varieties/lines out of 22 were found to carry glutenin subunits 5+10 encoded on Glu-D1 which is
positively correlated to gluten strength and bread making quality. The lines Vorona and Tnmu/munta
showed high protein concentration and the lines Cmn82a, Yn3np, Tam200 and Skauz showed higher
gluten strength as compared to the other cultivars and lines evaluated. The lines Yusufi and Sarvar
shoved the highest bread volume among the investigated varieties/lines and also compared to the
standard variety. Also two mentioned lines shoved higher value of dough strength as compared to
the other lines. Significantly positive and negative correlations were found between different protein
fractions and quality parameters. Significantly positive correlation was found between extractable
large monomeric proteins (eLMP), unextractable small monomeric proteins (uSMP) and gluten index.
The total extractable proteins (TOTE) also correlated significantly and positively with wet gluten.
73
VARIATION OF COLEOPTILE LENGTH IN DIFFERENT TYPES OF WINTER WHEAT GERMPLASM AND ITS
EFFECT ON AGRONOMIC TRAITS
E.Koc1*, B. Akın1, S.Belen2, N. Gummadov1 , U. Kucukozdemir3, E. Ozer4, I. Ozturk5, K. Subasi1, A.
Morgounov1
1
CIMMYT, Ankara, Turkey 2–Transitional Zone Agricultural Research Institute, Eskisehir, Turkey 3–East
Anatolian Agricultural Research Institute, Erzurum, Turkey 4–Bahri Dagdas International Agricultural
Research Institute, Konya, Turkey 5–Thrace Agricultural Research Institute, Edirne, Turkey
[email protected]
Abstract
This study was conducted during season of 2011-12 and 2012-13 in the field and at room conditions
at CIMMYT office in Ankara, Turkey. The main objective of this study was to determine the coleoptile
lengths of synthetic lines, landraces and modern germplasm and its effect on agronomic traits.
Coleoptile lengths were measured after 14th day and classified into four groups: under 5 cm is short
group, between 5-5,9 cm is medium group, 6-6,9 cm is medium-long group and bigger than 7 cm is
long coleoptile group. Coleoptile length of synthetic lines was found mostly in short and medium
group, landraces showed normal distribution and 17 landraces were measured longer than 7 cm and
included in long coleoptile group, modern germplasms were measured mostly under 5 cm in short
coleoptile group. Correlation was found between coleoptile length and plant height of modern
germplasm had positive and significant but in landraces had poor correlation. Positive correlation of
spike parameters with coleoptile length was effective on yield in synthetics. Positive but nonsignificant correlation was found between coleoptile length with 1000KW and yield in landraces and
modern germplasm.
Key Words: Coleoptile, synthetic, landrace, modern germplasm, correlation.
74
IDENTIFICATION OF CLEMENTINE × BODRUM MANDARIN HYBRIDS USING PCR-BASED RAPD
MARKERS
Zeynel DALKILIÇ1, Ahmet Rıza AĞIR2, Anıl AYDOĞANLAR2, Kağan AVCILAR2
Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Adnan Menderes University, South Campus
09100 Aydın, Turkey,
[email protected]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify the DNA fingerprinting of the hybrids obtained from Clementine
× Bodrum mandarin controlled crosses using RAPD markers in PCR analysis. Twenty four flowers at
the white balloon stage were hand pollinated on 13 April 2013. Fruit were harvested on 04 October
2013. Eleven seeds with testa (+) and 11 seeds without testa (-) obtained from one fruit were sown in
Petri dishes containing two-layer moistened Whatman papers. Seeds were incubated at 30°C in an
incubator until germinated. Total DNA from the fresh leaves of germinated seeds was extracted using
a commercial kit. Total of 15 µl solution mixture and seven different 10-mer primers (P) were used
during PCR analysis. PCR program used is as follows: 1) 94°C 5 min, 2) 94°C 30 s, 3) 35°C 30 s, 4) 72°C
1 min, 5) go to 2 × 34 cycle, 6) 72°C 5 min, 7) hold at 4°C to ∞. After amplified DNA samples were run
on 1% agarose prepared with 0.5% TBE buffer, their photographs were taken under ultravolet light.
When bant is present or absent, ‘1’ or ‘0’ is recorded, respectively. Fruit set was 16.7% and seed
number per fruit was 16.25. The seeds sown without testa started to and finished germination earlier
than that of with testa. While seedlings from without testa had more leaves than that of with testa,
they had similar seedling diameter and lesses height than that of testa. Out of seven RAPD primers
used, three polymorphic and total of 21 bands were obtained. P3, P5, and P8 primers had one
polymorphic band each and total of three, five, and six bands, respectively. Seedling Nos. 6+, 7+, 8+,
9+, 10+, 3-, 5-, and 9- were different than the other seedling showing polymorphism which identifed
their hybrid nature
Key words: Citrus reticulata, C.deliciosa, hand-made crossing, seed germination, RAPD markers, PCR,
DNA fingerprinting
*
Prepared in the Bachelor of Science (B. S.) BB402 Project and Thesis Study course
75
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SEEDLING AND ADULT PLANT RESISTANCE FOR YELLOW AND LEAF RUST
IN WINTER WHEAT
K. Subasi1*, K. Akan2, B. Akin1, E. Koc1, Z. Mert2, K. Nazari3, I. Ozseven4, A. Morgunov1
1
CIMMYT, Ankara, Turkey
Central Research Institute for Field Crop, Ankara, Turkey
3
ICARDA, Izmir, Turkey
4
Maize Research Station, Sakarya, Turkey
2
[email protected]
Abstract
This study was conducted in the season of 2012-13. The relation between resistance of winter wheat
during seedling and adult plant stages against to yellow rust and leaf rust reactions has been
determined. International Winter Wheat Improve Program (IWWIP) crossing program genotypes and
advanced genotypes came from outside have been used as material of the study. For seedling plant
reactions have determined in Ankara Yenimahalle Locations greenhouse condition. The material was
inoculated with local Pt and Pst populations. Stripe and leaf stem rust development on each entry
were scored twice using the McNeal scale (0-9) and PBI scale (0-4) respectively and when the
susceptible check Little Club and Demir 2000had reached 8 and 3 respectively. For adult plant
reactions; The Modified Cobb Scale method has been used to evaluate the disease data that is
collected from Sakarya, Ankara-Ikizce and Izmir locations fields. The correlation between IkizceAnkara and Izmir locations for yellow rust were positive and significant. Besides, considering the
number of lines used in this study, it can be observed that number of adult plant resistance is
relatively high. The number of major genes against to leaf rust was found higher than yellow rust in
Crossing block genotypes. Breeding lines and varieties with resistance to both rusts have been
identified.
Key Words: Leaf rust, yellow rust, wheat, adult-plant, seedling
76
POSSIBILITIES OF LEGUME FORAGE SEED PRODUCTION IN TURKEY
Aybegün TON1 A.Emin ANLARSAL1
1
Çukurova Üniversity, Agricultural Faculty Field Crop Department
[email protected]
Abstract
There are suitable ecological regions of Turkey for seed production of legume forage crops. Highquality seed is essential for good field stands. At the stage of blooming and seed maturation low
humidity and high temperature can cause to reduction in seed yield. Seed crops should be produced
taking into consideration with seed production rules. Control of seed quality in seed production
must conform to statutes of National Certification Standart. High yields of good quality seed are
obtained under good management such as sowing time and rate, irragation, fertilizer, weed control,
storage conditions isolation distance and certification rules. Public organizations should cooparate
with the contracted farmers to produce forage seed. The farmer producing seed crop should market
their products with satisfactory prices.
77
IDENTIFICATION OF BROADLY ADAPTED WINTER WHEAT GENOTYPES BASED ON INTERNATIONAL
TRIALS
Gummadov N.1, Akin B.1, Keser M.2, Koc E.1, Sharma R. C.3, Subasi K.1, Morgounov A.1
1
International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Emek, Ankara, Turkey
2
International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Emek, Ankara, Turkey
3
International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Tashkent, Uzbekistan
[email protected]
ABSTRACT
This study was conducted 2013-2014 growing season in 27 countries including in twelve countries
under rainfed conditions and fifteen countries under irrigated condition in the context of
International Winter Wheat Improvement Program (IWWIP: www.iwwip.org). Two trials were
conducted: 17th International Winter Wheat Yield Trial for irrigated conditions (IWWYT-IRR) and 16th
IWWYT for semi-arid conditions. The trials were conducted in randomized block design, with 2
replications. Thirty six varieties including checks were used in eachtrial. Main objective of the study
was identification of broadly adapted winter wheat genotypes. Grain yield, plant height, days to
heading, test weight and kernel thousand weight were measured in the trial. According to the
average yield and its stabilitythe following lines from 16th IWWYT-SA lines were the best: 9907
(T67/X84W063-9-45//KARL92/3/GUN91/MNCH/4/SAULESKU#44/TR810200),
9918
(W0405D
/HGF112//W7469C/HCF012/3/MERCAN-2), 9931 (OK05204), 9932 (BC01007-7), and 9933
(CO050322). The best performance in 6 locations with average yield under 3 t/h was obtained from
lines 9907, 9920 (MV DALMA//SHARK/F4105W2.1), 9928 (KARL//CTK /VEE /3/ F1502W9.01
/4/STEPHENS), 9932 and 9933. In the 17th IWWYT-IRR the highest yield and stability was observed for
lines 9815 (SERI.1B*2/3/KAUZ*2/BOW//KAUZ/4/BAGCI2002), 9816 (TAM200/HBB313E//2158
(OK98697)/5/SITE/MO/4/NAC/TH.AC//3*PVN/3/MIRLO/BUC/6/JGR/CUSTER//JGR*
(OK0062278)),
9822 (KARL//CTK/VEE/3/F1502W9.01/4/STEPHENS), 9830 (TURKOAZ) and 9933 (ATTILA/2*
PASTOR//YUMAI 29). Eleven lines from 16th IWWYT-SA and seven lines from the 17th IWWYT-IRR
showed better performance than local checks. The lines with superior performance can be used as
potential variety candidates or parents for crosses.
Key words: Winter bread wheat, grain yield and adaptation
78
THE PROBLEMS OF LEGUME FORAGE SEED PRODUCTION IN TURKEY
Aybegün TON1*
A.Emin ANLARSAL1
1
Çukurova Üniversity, Agricultural Faculty Field Crop Department
[email protected]
Abstract
Alfalfa, common vetch, sainfoin and clover are most important among the forage crops
cultivated in Turkey. Some cultivars belonging to above the mentioned species have been developed
in Turkey. However, seed production quantity and demand/supply rate have varied from year to
year due to changing sowing area. Seed production quantitiy in Turkey is too low to meet the needs
of legume forage seeds. Generally certificed alfalfa and vetch seed production is higher sainfoin.
Farmers haven’t got custom of variety using and their seed is expensive. Generally, the farmers are
using the seeds that they produce on their own. Some farmers use imported seed. The farmers
should provide cheaper seed and through an easier way. Widespread using certified seed will
increase profitability and quality of forage production .
79
DISCRIMINATION OF TUNISIAN CULTIVATED OATS USING ELECTROPHORESIS OF AVENIN PROTEIN
PATTERN IN MATURE SEEDS
Manel BORGI1, CHIBANI Farhat2, ZOGHLAMI Najia1, BOUAMAMA Badra1, Abdelwahed GHORBEL1
1
2
Laboratory of Molecular Plant Physiology, Center of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, Tunisia
Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Center of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, Tunisia
[email protected]
Abstract:
Identification of oat genotypic variability based on avenin protein pattern is important to accurately
differentiate and identify genotypes. Therefore, this study was accomplished to discriminate
cultivated oat accessions derived from 19 districts in Tunisia and two commercial (Avena sativa)
varieties (Madjerda and Meliane). Although, the batches of collected oat mature seeds are
heterogeneous, it is very difficult to distinguish varieties on the basis of morphological traits alone
(grain color and size). Consequently, avenin fractions (alcohol soluble proteins) were extracted with
ethanol (52%) from mature seeds and analyzed through sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel
electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The characterization technique of avenins showed a number of
discriminating bands among accessions and within the same batche. The analysis of number and
intensity bands and their molecular weights indicated that differences among genotypes were
significant. In fact, the number of bands detected for each accession ranged from 10 to 20 while their
molecular weights varied from 8 to 184.7 kDa. This demonstrates clearly the genotypic variability of
oats in Tunisia which are originated from different regions.
Key words: Avenin, SDS-PAGE, cultivated oat discrimination, mature seeds, genotypic variability
80
AGROBACTERIUM MEDIATED GENETIC TRANSFORMATION OF PAPAVER SOMNIFERUM L.
USING SEMI SOLID AGAR GELLED PRIMED SEEDS AS EXPLANT
S. D. Royandezagh, K. M. Khawar
Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Namik Kemal University, 59030
Tekirdag, Turkey
[email protected]
Abstract
The opium poppy Papaver somniferum is self-pollinating herbaceous annual plant with various rates
of out-crossing and is cultivated since prehistoric times. It is used to obtain number of medicinally
important alkaloids, rarely to obtain edible oil and is used as an ornamental plant. There is need to
improve poppy by developing objective oriented superior cultivars. Traditional breeding methods for
the development of improved new opium cultivars is very slow, due to high labor and lengthy
breeding procedures. This makes it necessarry to look alternatives like developing easy and
repeatable genetic transformation protocols. Previous reports in poppy suggest that it is very
recalcitrant to in vitro regeneration, rooting and is difficult to acclimatize. Moreover, all regeneration
protocols are variety and genotype dependent. The study aimed to develop an efficient genetic
transformation protocol in poppy. To achieve the objective various explants including hypocotylcotyledon explant and poppy cultivar Ofis 96 seeds primed on agar solidified MS medium for 7 days
were treated with with Agrobacterium tumefaciensstrain GV 2260 harbouring p35 GUS INT plasmid
for 30 minutes. Cocultivation was on MS medium for 48 hours. These seeds were selected on MS
selection medium containing 50 mg/l Kanamycin and 500 mg/l Augmentin. After achieving length of
5-6 cm, the putative transgenic seedlings were transferred to pots for growth, development and
acclimatisation. The leaves from acclimatised plants were subjected to GUS histochemical analysis.
Gus positive plants were further confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Putatve Transgenic
plants were grown in glasshouse to flower and set seeds.
Key words: Agrobacterium tumefaciens, PCR, GUS analysis , Papaver somniferum, transgenic
81
VERNALIZATION – AN EPIGENETIC SWITCH
Jie Song1, Andrew Angel2, Martin Howard3, Caroline Dean3
1
Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK;
2
University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK;
3
John Innes Centre, Norwich, NR4 7NH, UK
Plant growth and development are strongly influenced by environmental signals. However, it is still
unclear how plants measure and record exposure to their environment, in order to align
developmental transitions to specific seasons. Understanding of these features will significantly
expand our toolbox for crop improvement towards future food security. We study vernalization in
Arabidopsis. Plants remember the prolonged cold exposure in winter by quantitative silencing of a
floral repressor locus FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC), and hence accelerate floral transition. Through the
combination of molecular biology and computational modelling, our study reveals that the silencing
is epigenetically stable and is mediated by a conserved Polycomb-based epigenetic silencing
mechanism. The epigenetic stability, and the ability to switch to silencing, can be explained by
chromatin dynamics and localized nucleation of the chromatin-modifying Polycomb Repressive
Complex 2 (PRC2). Cold induces association of PRC2 with a specific region in the target locus and
therefore the local cluster of the chromatin mark H3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3). This
enables a cell-autonomous switch to the epigenetically silent state, marked by blanketing of the gene
with high levels of H3K27me3. This process occurs with different dynamics in natural accessions of
Arabidopsis adapted to a wide range of climates, which may be a general mechanism contributing to
evolutional change, and could potentially be used to model and predict crop yield in the changing
climate.
82
PLOIDY DETERMINATION IN Agropyron cristatum (L.) Gaertn POPULATIONS COLLECTED FROM
EASTERN ANATOLIA REGION OF TURKEY BY USING FLOW CYTOMETER
Gulsemin Savas Tuna1, Gulru Yucel2, Huseyin Keles2, Ilker Nizam2, Evren Cabi3, Metin Tuna2
1
Ebru Nayim Fen Lisesi, Tekirdag
Namik Kemal University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Field Crops, Tekirdag
3
Namik Kemal University, Faculty of Art and Science, Department of Biology, Tekirdag
2
[email protected]
Abstract
Agropyron cristatum (L.) Gaertn (Crested wheatgrass) is a long-lived perennial forage grass native to
the cold and dry plains of eastern Russia, western Siberia, Afghanistan, Turkey, and Iran. It is most
commonly used for pasture, hay, and soil conservation. Agropyron cristatum represents ploidy states
from diploid (2n=14) to hexaploid(2n=42). Therefore, ploidy determination of Agropyron
cristatum germplasm is necessary before it can be effectively used in breeding or genetic studies. The
objective of this study was to determine the ploidy of 15 populations of Agropyron cristatum
collected from Eastern Anatolia Region of Turkey. Ploidy analysis was done based on nuclear DNA
content of the plants determined by Flow cytometer using Secale cereale as internal standart.
Nuclear DNA content of the plants were correlated to ploidy level with root tip chromosome counts
on slected plants. On the basis of this study, the mean nuclear DNA content (2C value) of the
Agropyron cristatum populations were determined as 13.04 pg ± 0.05 while all the plants used in
chromosome counting determined to be diploid, with 2n=14 mitotic chromosomes suggesting that
tetraploid and hexaploid Agropyron cristatum plants are likely very rare or absent in Eastern Anatolia
region of Turkey.
Key words: Agropyron cristatum, Flow cytometer, nuclear DNA content, ploidy
This study was funded by TUBITAK (TOVAG 113O156)
83
OUR SUPPORTERS
84
TURKISH SEED UNION
www.turktob.org.tr
Turkish Plant Breeders Sub Union
www.bisab.org.tr
85
OUR SPONSORS
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TSÜAB
TURKISH SEED INDUSTRY AND
PRODUCERS SUB UNION
www.tsuab.org.tr
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