Effective Quantitative Measures for the protection of groundwater

Nicosia, 2 November 2006, Taiex Seminar RTP 22916
Effective Quantitative Measures for
the protection of groundwater bodies
Arnaud Courtecuisse
Agence de l’Eau Artois-Picardie – France
7 novembre 2002
1
AC - Agence de l’eau Artois-Picardie
Nicosia, 2&3 November 2006
Content of the presentation
1. The Artois-Picardie basin’s context and the role
of the Water Agency
2. The quantitative measures for the protection of
groundwater :
illustration 1 : the use of the “fees” , an economic
approach
illustration 2 : the resource contract between
Houlle/Moule and Dunkerque
3. conclusions/discussion
7 novembre 2002
2
AC - Agence de l’eau Artois-Picardie
Nicosia, 2&3 November 2006
1. The Artois-Picardie basin’s context and
the role of the Water Agency
•
131 M€
213 M€
895 M€
•
•
435 M€
•
483 M€
•
187 M€
•
Artois Picardie :
• 20 000 Km2
• 4 700 000 inhabitants
Rhin Meuse :
• 32 700 Km2
• 4 000 000 inhabitants
Seine Normandie :
• 100 000 Km2
• 17 000 000 inhabitants
Loire Bretagne :
• 155 000 Km2
• 11 500 000 inhabitants
Adour Garonne :
• 116 000 km2
• 6 500 000 inhabitants
Rhône Méditerranée Corse
• 130 000 Km2
• 14 000 000 inhabitants
Budget (one year)
7 novembre 2002
3
AC - Agence de l’eau Artois-Picardie
Nicosia, 2&3 November 2006
1. The Artois-Picardie basin’s context and
the role of the Water Agency
The 6 french water agencies have been created
through the french water of 1964.
The mission of the water agencies is to implement
the water policy (designed at basin level) by :
• collecting fees (environmental taxes) from the
economic sectors (industry, households, agriculture)
who abstract water or discharge polluted waters,
• giving subsidies or soft loans to municipalities,
industrial or agriculture unit who invest for the
reduction of pollution (i.e. waste water treatment
plant, clean process,….).
7 novembre 2002
4
AC - Agence de l’eau Artois-Picardie
Nicosia, 2&3 November 2006
1. The Artois-Picardie basin’s context and
the role of the Water Agency
Users
Households
bc
Industry
River Basin
Agence de
l’Eau
Water Invoices
2.Collects
1.Pay
Pollution fee
Abstraction fee
Abstraction
fee
Pollution fee
Agriculture
3.Subsidies
Abstraction
fee
7 novembre 2002
5
Pollution fee
Urban and industrial
Waste Water Treatment
Plant, sewerage network,
river management
AC - Agence de l’eau Artois-Picardie
INVESTMENT COSTS
OPERATING COSTS
Nicosia, 2&3 November 2006
1. The Artois-Picardie basin’s context and
the role of the Water Agency
Each of the 6 french water agencies is ruled through
a basin committe composed of representatives from :
• State (representatives from the Ministry of
Environment, Prefect, Navigation,….)
• Municipalities and local authorities
• Users (Industry, Agriculture, Consumer,
Environmental NGO,…)
The Basin Committe votes the Programme (5 or 6
years action plan), the level of fees, the Masterplan
(SDAGE)
7 novembre 2002
6
AC - Agence de l’eau Artois-Picardie
Nicosia, 2&3 November 2006
1. The Artois-Picardie basin’s context and
the role of the Water Agency
The Masterplan (SDAGE) has been created through
the 1992 water law. It encompasses :
• rules (e.g map with protected areas)
• environmental objectives (for surface, underground
and costal waters)
The SDAGE will be revised next year in order to
integrate the River basin Management Plan and the
Programme of measures (WFD).
…..the SDAGE contains all the documents from the
WFD but is more than the WFD (some objectives can
go further than these arising from the WFD, it
contains also topics – like flooding – which are only
partially covered by the WFD)
7 novembre 2002
7
AC - Agence de l’eau Artois-Picardie
Nicosia, 2&3 November 2006
1. The Artois-Picardie basin’s context and
the role of the Water Agency
Rivers quality
assessment
• 20 000 Km2
• 4,7 Millions inhabitants
• GDP: 98 billions €
• GPD/inhabitant: 21 107 €
• GPD/inh France: 25 978 €
• Unemployment rate: 12,7%
• France: 9,9 %
• 96% of drinkable water
come from groundwater
7 novembre 2002
8
AC - Agence de l’eau Artois-Picardie
Nicosia, 2&3 November 2006
1. The Artois-Picardie basin’s context and
the role of the Water Agency
Rate of
unemployement
7 novembre 2002
9
AC - Agence de l’eau Artois-Picardie
Nicosia, 2&3 November 2006
1. The Artois-Picardie basin’s context and
the role of the Water Agency
GPD/inhabitant
7 novembre 2002
10
AC - Agence de l’eau Artois-Picardie
Nicosia, 2&3 November 2006
1. The Artois-Picardie basin’s context and
the role of the Water Agency
7 novembre 2002
11
AC - Agence de l’eau Artois-Picardie
Nicosia, 2&3 November 2006
2. The quantitative measures for the protection
of groundwater
Groundwater : what is at stake for the Artois-Picardie
River basin ?
• 96% of the drinkable water consumed by the
households is coming from the underground
• quantitative issue because of qualitative issue (many
wells were closed because of an insufficient protection)
• for a long time period the solution was to look for
water “elsewhere” but there is no more “elsewhere”
7 novembre 2002
12
AC - Agence de l’eau Artois-Picardie
Nicosia, 2&3 November 2006
2. The quantitative measures for the protection
of groundwater
Which measures are used ?
• the use of fee (an economic tool)
• the protection of abstraction area (land buying by the
water agency, implementation of use constraints, rules
written in the SDAGE)
• specific measures in the Programme of Measures of
the WFD
• “resource contract” between municipalities
7 novembre 2002
13
AC - Agence de l’eau Artois-Picardie
Nicosia, 2&3 November 2006
2. The quantitative measures for the protection
of groundwater
The fee for water abstraction
Illustration 1
How is it calculated ?
Fee for net
comsumption of
surface water
Abstraction base
x mean rate (€/m3)
x aera coefficient
Abstraction base
discharge water base
-
Fee for abstraction of
surface
or underground water
x
mean rate (€/m3)
x
aera coefficient
There is a modulation of the rate per aera in order to
take into account the impact on the local water
availability
7 novembre 2002
14
AC - Agence de l’eau Artois-Picardie
Nicosia, 2&3 November 2006
2. The quantitative measures for the protection
of groundwater
The 6 water agencies are in charge of the
implementation of the Water Framework :
• leaded at basin level by the Basin Committee which
assess all documents provided (designation of water
bodies, characterisation document, public
consultation)
• with an important involvment of stakeholders
(several working groups : pressure & impacts +
Economic analysis, surface water, coastal water,
underground water)
7 novembre 2002
15
AC - Agence de l’eau Artois-Picardie
Nicosia, 2&3 November 2006
2. The quantitative measures for the protection
of groundwater
Risk Assesment for 2015
No risk
Risk
Doubt
7 novembre 2002
16
AC - Agence de l’eau Artois-Picardie
Nicosia, 2&3 November 2006
2. The quantitative measures for the protection
of groundwater
Illustration 2
The “resource contract”
• a huge municipality – Dunkerque – with no
underground water available
• two small rural villages – Houlle et Moulle – 30 km far
away are close from the underground resource used by
Dunkerque
• a small tax is paid by the people from consumers from
Dunkerque in order to finance the protection measures
implementated in Houlle-Moulle
7 novembre 2002
17
AC - Agence de l’eau Artois-Picardie
Nicosia, 2&3 November 2006
3. Conclusions- Discussions
• the protection of the underground resource is a crucial
issue for Artois-Picardie River basin
• there is a combination of economic tool and legal
constraints in order to encompass both quantitative and
qualitative aspects
• there is a need to take into account this issue at basin
level but also to take into account transboundary issues
7 novembre 2002
18
AC - Agence de l’eau Artois-Picardie
Nicosia, 2&3 November 2006
Thanks for
your
attention !
7 novembre 2002
19
AC - Agence de l’eau Artois-Picardie
Nicosia, 2&3 November 2006