მნიშვნელოვანი მოვლენა ქართული არქეოლოგია დღეს

მნიშვნელოვანი მოვლენა ქართული არქეოლოგია დღეს

მნიშვნელოვანი მოვლენა
ქართული არქეოლოგია დღეს კვლავ მძიმედ, მაგრამ მაინც იწყებს აღმა სვლას. ეს გარდუვალი
პროცესია
არქეოლოგიური
მემკვიდრეობით
ისე
გაჯერებულ
ქვეყანაში,
როგორიც
საქართველოა. საზოგადოდ კი, არქეოლოგია არის ქართველოლოგიურ მეცნიერებათა დარგებს
შორის სრულიად გამორჩეული თავის ინტერნაციონალური ხასიათით, რაც -პირველ რიგშიგანპირობებულია
ათასწლეულების მანძილზე ჩვენი წინაპრების მიერ განხორციელებული
მრავალრიცხოვანი საგარეო ურთიერთობებით. არქეოლოგიის ამავე ხასიათის
საფუძველია
ყველაზე თანამედროვე მიღწევების ამ დარგში დანეგვის შეუქცევადი პროცესი, რასაც
არქეოლოგია დარგთაშორისი
მეცნიერების
ორბიტაზე
გაჰყავს.
შესაბამისად,
ქართული
არქეოლოგიის მომავლის ანუ ქართველი სტუდენტობის წინსვლის ერთ-ერთი აუცილებელი
პირობა
არის
პუბლიკაციების,
უცხოენოვანი
ლიტერატურის,
პირველ
რიგში
კი,
ინგლისურენოვანი
სწრაფად გამოყენება და ათვისება. ბუნებრივია, რომ ამ პროცესში დიდი
მნიშვნელობა ენიჭება სპეციალურად ამ დარგისათის განკუთვნილი ლექსიკონის არსებობას.
სწორედ ეს აუცილებლობა ჰქონდა გათვალისწინებული ქალბატონ მარინა კაპანაძეს, როდესაც
მან მრავალი წლის წინ ქართულ-ინგლისური და ინგლისურ-ქართული არქეოლოგიური
ლექსიკონის შექმნაზე დაიწყო მუშაობა. არ შეიძლება არ აღინიშნოს, რომ ლექსიკონზე მუშაობა
სრულიად განსხვავებული, მძიმე და ხშირად არც თუ სათანადოდ დაფასებული შრომაა.
სწორედ ამიტომ ამბობდნენ რომაელები, რომ ვინც ღმერთმა გაიმეტა, მას ლექსიკონის შექმნა
დაავალაო. ამ ხანგრძლივი შრომის შედეგი კი ქალბატონმა მარინამ ამ რამოდენიმე ხნის წინ ივ.
ჯავახიშვილის სახ. თბილისის სახელმწიფო უნივერსიტეტის არქეოლოგიის ინსტიტუტში
მოიტანა
ერთადერთი
თხოვნით
-
ლექსიკონის
გამოყენების
საშუალება
მისცემოდა
არქეოლოგთა ახალგაზრდა თაობას.
ამჯერად საუნივერსიტეტო ვებ-გვერდზე ლექსიკონის ელექტრონული ვარიანტი განთავსდა,
თუმცა დიდი იმედი მაქვს, რომ მალე მისი გამოცემაც მოხერხდება.
ვსარგებლობ შემთხვევით და თსუ-ს არქეოლოგიის ინსტიტუტის სახელით უღრმეს მადლობას
მოვახსენებ ქალბატონ მარინა კაპანაძეს ამ შესანიშნავი საჩუქრისათვის
ვახტანგ ლიჩელი
winasityvaoba
Tqven winaSea inglisel, amerikel da avstraliel avtorTa naSromebidan 36 wlis
manZilze amokrefili sityvebisa da frazebis mcire krebuli, romlis daniSnulebaa
daexmaros arqeologs Tavisuflad waikiTxos da gaigos misTvis saintereso teqsti,
xolo survilis SemTxvevaSi Tavadac daweros naSromi inglisurad, radgan
leqsikoni Seicavs, magaliTad, abanos, aguris, beWdis, daTariRebis, Tixis, iaraRis,
keramikis, kecis, monetis, mZivis, nagebobis, obsidianisa da qvis nivTebis, ornamentis,
retuSis, samajuris, samarxis, saxuravis,
feris, WurWlis sxvadasxva saxeobaTa
aRmniSvnel terminebs. inglisur-qarTul teqstSi ki mTeli rigi terminebi, frazebi
da frazuli zmnebis mravalnairi formebia warmodgenili. amrigad, es patara wigni
araa marto sityvaTa krebuli, riTic igi gansxvavdeba Cveulebrivi leqsikonebisagan,
romelSic zogjer ramdenime gverdiani statiis wakiTxvaa saWiro, rom miagno im
zust mniSvnelobas, romelic arqeologs SeiZleba gamoadges. Tu oqsfordis
cnobil leqsikonSi naxavT sityvebs be, do, get, have, let, make, set da bevr sxvasac,
amaSi advilad darwmundebiT. aRarafers vambob frazul zmnebზე, romlebic xSirad
iwvevs gaugebrobas teqstis Targmnisas. aq ar aris arcerTi sityva da fraza,
romelic Cemi Targmnilia inglisurad. TiToeuli maTgani aRebulia originaluri
teqstebidan, magaliTad, esa, Tu is ornamenti, romelic am teqstebSia CamoTvlili,
nanaxia TandarTul ilustraciaze, Sedarebulia qarTul dasaxelebasTan da ise
aqvs miwerili Targmani.
zogierT sityvas, qarTulsa Tu inglisurs, uweria ramdenime sinonimi, rac
saSualebas mogcemT SearCioT is, romelic yvelaze ukeT gamoxatavs Tqven azrs ama
Tu im mocemul SemTxvevaSi.
wignSi Sesulia sakuTar da geogrაfiul saxelTa mcire nusxa orive enaze da
gamoyenebul SemoklebaTa sruli sia.
sityvaTa am mcire krebuli dagexmarebaT gacilebiT advilad da bevrad naklebi
drois danaxarjiT gaigoT ucxoeli kolegis naSromi da Tavadac scadoT
inglisurad daweroT rame, Tu gramatikis saTanado codnac geqnebaT, radgan
gaumarTav winadadebas mainc veravin gaigebs...
mkiTxveli advilad mixvdeba, rom es naSromi ar warmoadgens srulyofilebis
nimuSs, radgan es Cems Zalebs aRemateba da arc arsebobs aseTi leqsikoni erTi
ubralo mizezis gamo-ena mudmivad icvleba da am cvlilebas TiTqmis veravin ver
eweva...egaa mxolod, aucilebelia arsebobdes rac SeiZleba meti sacnobaro
literatura da mkiTxveli Tavad moZebnis imas, romelic mas gamoadgeba...
me mecadineoba ar damiklia am TiTqmis oTxi aTeuli wlis ganmavlobaSi, rom am
krebuls es saxe mieRo. SeiZleba iyos orTografiuli Secdomebi gaparuli,
risganac Tavis dazRveva, veWvob, rom gamiWirdeboda, radgan kompiuteri jiutad
“aprotestebda” orenovan teqsts, qarTulis gamo yvelafers “Secdomad” miTvlida
da klaknili xazebiT gadamiwiTlebda xolme mTel teqsts. albaT waawydebiT
Secdomas aqa-iq, Tumca amas gavlena ar mouxdenia terminTa sizusteze. amitom
umorCilesad gTxovT, SemindoT, rom ver vajobe am manqanas...
siamovnebiT miviReb da didi gulisyuriT movekidebi yvela keTilganwyobil
SeniSvnas da rCevas, romelTac uSurvelad gadavcem imas, vinc isev SeeWideba am
saqmes im ganzraxviT, rom gaakeTos amaze ufro srulyofili da daxvewili
leqsikoni, romelic yovelTvis saWiroa ucxo enaze dawerilis ukeT gasagebad,
radgan erTi enis miTi babilonis godolTan erTad daingra da sxvadasxva xalxebma
maTTvis gaugebar enebs ucxo daarqves. aseTi cnobarebi namdvilad arasodes ar
iqneba zedmeti samecniero sazogadoebisaTvis da arc mjobnis mjobni daileva.
pativiscemiT,
m. kapanaZe,
avtori.
.
a
abazana v bath-tub,alveus/alveusi sing/pl Lat
~gverdiTi
flanking bath
~Rrma
plunge
~
abano n baths(pl),thermae/thermarum sing/pl
Lat
~anfiladuri n bath-suite
~grili n cool bath
~Tbili n warm ~ / tepidarium/tepidarii
sing/pl Lat
~mSrali n dry-heat room
~orTqlis n sweating bath/room
~civi n cold bath,frigidarium/frigidarii sing/
pl Lat.
~cxeli n hot bath,calidarium/calidarii Lat.
abanoTubani n Sulphur Bath Complex/Site
abanos gaTboba heat(ing) system
~
~ iatakis qveS hypocaustus/hypocausta sing/pl Lat
~ ~ orTqliT
damp heat(ing) system
~gamxurebeli n adj heater, heating
~gasaxdeli changing room, apoditerium/
apoditerii n sing/pl Lat
~saqvabe n furnace room
~saSxape n
shower-bath
~sacecxle n heating,praefurnium/praefurnii n sing/pl Lat
~fila Sverilebiani tigula/tigulae mamatae n sing/pl Lat
~qvabi n boiler
~qvabis Semkrebi n junction box
~horizontaluri gaTbobis mili epicaustum/epicausta n sing/pl Lat
abedi(s) n adj amadeu,tinder
abzinda(si)=avSani/avSnisa n adj wormwood, Artemisia Lat.
abzindi(s) n adj clasp
~ena n tongue,ligula/ligulae sing/pl Lat.
abma(ix.abneva)
v tie up
abmuli
adj tied/tying up
abneva(ix.dabneva) v n confuse,confusion
~mZivis
v rope,string,thread
abneuli/abneulad adj adv inextricable(ly)
abraamis xe/xis n adj Vitex(icis)angus castus
abreSumi(s) n adj silk
~gza
n Silk Road/Rout
~elvareba n shot
~parki n adj cocoon
~sasarCule n adj sarsenet
~ Wia n silikworm
abreSumiviT adj silken
abrisiF(germ) n sharp delineation, abriß Ger.
absida=afsida
n adj apse,absis/absidis
~Sverili/win waweuli n extending/projecting apse
absiduri=afsiduri adj apsidal
aburZgnuli adj disheveled
abjar-saWurveli n amour =armor
abjari(ix.javSani) n a suite of armour,chain-mail,cataprahrt,harness
~majis n braser,wrist cover/guard
~muxlis n
knee ~
~
~sabarkuli n leg armour,thigh band,cover
for thigh
~saidayve n elbow cover, pass guard
~samkerduli(ix.polotiki) n breast
plate
~samklauri n oversleeve
~sayelo n gordet
~sawvive n leg armour,shin-ped
abjarSi Casma v n encase(ment)
abjriT Semosili adj
mail clad
abjris firfita scale(s) of armour
~ostati/abjrosani n
armourer
~wvivsakravi
n pl usu. greaves
agarani n villa, resort
ageba v n build,compose,construct(ion),form(ing)of sth,creat(ion)
~Zvel saZirkvelze construct on the top of
earlier layer
agebuleba n fabric,pattern,structure,texture
agebuli adj built,composed,constructed,created,formed
~tradiciaze/tradiciiT built/building on
tradition
agegmva v ger plan(record,survey)(ing)
agvisto(ix.axalwlisani,mariamobisa,qvel
Tobisa) n August
agia-triada=sameba n the Trinity
agora
n
agora
agoranomos=bazrobebis zedamxedveli
n sing/pl Gr. Agoranomos/agoranomi
agrafa n agrapha
agrafi=balTa n agraphe, buckle
aguri n adj brick
aliz ~ lump/mud ~
~bzenarevi=umi adobe ~, chaff tempered
~brtyel-amoburculi plano-convex ~
~brtyel-Cazneqili plano-concave ~
~gamomSrali
air/lump ~
~gamomwvari baked(bakened/burnt) ~
~gamouwvavi=umi not burnt(lump/pale) ~
~ganivi
broad ~
~damwvari
over-burnt ~
~TaRis
arch ~
~Tixis
clay ~
~lavgardanis
cornice ~
~marTkuTxa
right-angled ~
~mzeze gamomSrali sun-dried ~
~mosapirkeTebeli facing ~
naxevari ~
half-brick
~saqusle
abutment ~
~saRumele
kiln ~
~solisebri key(voussoir/wedge-shaped)~
~urTierTgadamkveTi RarebiT ~ with
crossing grooves
~futuro
hollow ~
~”qarTuli”
quadrel,plinth ~
~qvedis
fire ~
~Rariani
channeled/grooved ~
~xelnakeTi
hand-made/lump ~
aguriT adv
in brick
~naSeni adj n
brick-built, brickwork
aguris(ix.Rumeli) adj brick
~grZeli gverdi n edge/stretcher
~gunda n lump
~damwyobi n
~ layer/mason
~zeda farTe piri(ix.qveda) upper bed
~mkeTebeli=meagure n ~ maker
~safeni n ~ flooring
~qarxana n brickworks
~ qveda farTe piri(ix. zada) lower bed
~ wyoba n bricking,brick-work
~ ~ ganivad adv header
~ ~ ganivi adj bricking in width,brickwork
~ ~ gverdiTi adj ~ in carinated side
~ ~ grZeli=viwro gverdiT on edge,
edgewise,stretcher on edge
~ ~ grZivi adj
~
in length
~ ~ Tarazuli adj coursed/horizontal~
~ ~farTe gverdiT adv
~ on bed
~ wyobaSi Casmuli brick-work bond
agurfenili n adj brick paved/paving,paved with bricks
agurfila(filis)
n adj
tile brick
adaTebrivi adj customary
adaTi n custom, rite
~yvelafris dawvis n holocaust
adamamdeli adj pre-Adamite=Preadmite
adamanti(s)/almasi(s) n adj diamond
adamiani n Homo ergaster,human(being),man
~avadmyofuri(dabali/zrdaSeferxebuli
stunted growth
~gamarTulad mosiarule Homo erectus,
upright
~gamarTuli adj upright
~gamoCenili foremost sb, celebrity
~damkvidrebuli based in(country/place)
~didebuli n grandee
~Tanmxlebi n attendant
~iaraRis momxmarebeli tool-using human
~mkvidri adj indigenous(eg Georgian)
~mozrdili adj adult, mature(age)
~moxrilad mosiarule
adj slouching
~pirvelyofili
early human
~
~ tandabali short stature
~rigiTi commoner
~risxva thunderbolt
~saSualo simaRlis average stature
~tanmaRali(Tanamedrove) adj tall
~tanmorCili adj short,not tall
~ucxo outlier
~frinveli human-bird
~Sua xnis adj middle-aged
=winapari n forebear(s),forefather(s),founder,predecessor(s) of sb
~xelsawyos momxmarebeli tool using human
~jansaRi robust
adamianis
adj human,man‟s
~buneba humanity
~gakeTebuli adj man-made, handiwork
~zemoqmedeba bunebaze/Careva human interference on…
~Taviani adj human headed
~miTiuri gadaqceva mglad n lycanththropy
~msgavsi maimuni anthropoid
~msxverplSewirva human sacrifice
~mxari(ix,WurWlis) n shoulder
~
~ daqanebuli drooping shoulder(s)
~nacxovrebi/saqmianoba human occupation
~oTxad gakveTa v ger quarter(ing)
~ostatoba/xelovneba human ingenuity
~risxva thunderbolts
~saqmianoba/Zalahuman agency/occupation
~simaRle life-size
~Seqmnili man-made
~cxovreba n life
~warbzeda nawili n
superciliary
~winapari n
hominid
adamianisebri adj anthropomorphic, manlike
~ maimuni n ape
adamianissaxovani adj with human face
adamianoba n humanity
adamianurad adv humanly
2
adamianuri adj (human) agency
~buneba/Tvisebebi the Humanities,humanity
~mcdeloba/Zalisxmeva human endeavour
~ostatoba/xelovaneba
~
ingenuity
~faqtori human agency
adamis da evas samosi (sb in one‟s ) birthday suite
~vaSli
Adam‟s apple
adasturebs v attests,confirms,documents,
proves,testifies,testimonies,witnesses
warrants
~arsebobas sth confirms the existence of sth
~erTxel kidev/ufro rom... sty provides
yet further demonstration of the fact that..
~popularobas
sth attests to a popularity
~sapirispiros sty militates against sth
~termins warrants the term
~warmomavlobas attests to roots
adgeba=argia v fits
adgil-mamuli(s) adj farmstead
adgilmdebareoba n locality,location,placement,seat,site,locus/loci n sing/pl Lat.
adgilnacvali adj displaced,dislocated,relocated,replaced
~piri
displaced person
adgilsamyofeli n original spot,seat,whereabouts
dgilobrivad adv locally
adgili n area,locality,home,place(ment),point,position,post,room,seat,site,space,
spot
~aRmoCenis/povnis find spot,locality,location
~ beWdis/damRis locus sigili Lat.
~gadabmis
isthmus
~gadagrexis bending
~gasaCerebeli/dgomis stopping place
~dabadebis
birthplace
~dakrZalvis
place of burying
~damzadebis/warmoebis ~ of production
~ daniSnulebis n (place of) destination,
goal,point,summit
~vake plane
~zarafxanis
coinage place
~igive
at the same venue
~maRali high(est) altitude/place
~mTavari Zeglze central focus of the site
~mTiani mountainous terrain,rugged highlands(landscape/terrain)
~moqmedebis scene
~rTuli tangled
~saTanado/saWiro the right place
~sakuTari original/own ~
~samsxverplo sacrifial/sacrifice ~
~sasurveli/sayvareli stpmp(ing) ground
~saxelwarmoqmnis/warmoSobis eponymous site
~uSoresi centridan outmost
~fexmosakidi footing,stepping stone
~yvelaze Sori centridan outmost
~SeerTebis joint,junction,juncture,tie line
~SemoRobili enclosure
~Sesqelebuli node of sth
~Cavardnili depressed/depression,sunken
place,low lying area
~Camoyalibebis formation zone
~Casaxvis/warmoSobis home,place/point of/
for origin
~carieli
blanck/empty place
~centraluri central(ity)
~ZiriTadi
entire place/region
~warmomavlobis/warmoSobis locality/
place of origin
~ wminda Holy/sacred place, sacred precinct
~ ~ da xelSeuvali n sacrosanct
adgilis adj of area (locality,site,spot)
~daTmoba give way to sb/sth
~deda n
hearth Goddess
~sataxto=sajdomi seat of sb
~Sesavsebad (as if) to fit the space
adgilmdebareoba n sing/pl Lat. locus/loci,
seat,site
adgilnacvali adj sth offset (by sb/sth)
adgilobriv adv locally,on the spot
adgilobrivi adj domestic,host,indigenous,
local,native,stationary,vernacular
~versia local version
~Tavisebureba local peculiarity
~mosaxleoba
native people,the locals
~nairsaxeoba
local variety
~samyaro
~ world
~saxe
~ shape
~saxesxvaoba
~ distinction
~tom(eb)i
~ communities/tribes
~forma
~ shape
~civilizacia
indigenous civilization(s)
~warmoeba/warmoebis (of) local production
~warmomavloba
authencity of sb/sth
~jiSi home grown
adgilobrioba n authencity
adgilsamyofeli n seat
advilad adv easily,loosily,readily,simply
~asaxsneli simple to explain
~aRmosaCeni
detectable
3
~aRsadgeni
easy restored
~gasagebi intelligeble
~gasarCevi identifiable
~gasawmendi
easily cleansable
~dasamuSavebeli easy treated/worked
~misadgomi easy access,accessible,accessibly
~sacnobi readily recognized
advildnobadi adj easy melted/melting
advili adj easy
advilsapobi adj
~ split
advilxsnadi adj
~
soluble, solvent
adideT! v glorify, worship
adidva v draw
adiutanti n Lat. adjutans, Fr. Aide-de-camp
administraciuli adj administrative
~erTeuli
lathe
~centri
administrative centre for…
adre adj adv early,earlier,previously
~arsebuli antecedent,predecessor,preexistent/existing,ancestral to,origin
~didi xniT long before the modern era
samiwaTmoqmedo early agrarian(farming/pre
agricultural) economy
adreulad adv precociously
adreuli(ix.qveda)adj early,earlier than any…
=pirveli earlier, original
~warmomavlobis sth of early/earlier origin
aerTianebs v combines,comprises,incorporates
aerofoto n aerial photo(graphy)/view
~gadaReba v take ~ ~
avadmyofi adj ailing,ill,sick
suliT ~
adj insane
avadmyofoba n disease,illness,melady,sickness
avadsaxsenebeli ill famed,infamous,notorious
avaza n panther
avanposti n outpost
avanscena n foreground,proscenium/proscenii
Lat.
avanturini(s) n adj gold stone
avanturisti n maverik
avgarozi(s) n adj amulet(ic)
avguri n augur
avdari n storm
aversi=Subli n obverse,heads (pl usu)
aveji n fixture, furniture
~msubuqi flimsy ~
~saojaxo domestic equipment,fitment(s)
avejiT gawyoba v appoint
avzi n cistern, tank
avTenturi adj authentic
avTenturoba n authenticity
avTvisebiani adj malignant
avi adj bad,evil,fierce,malignant,nasty,terrible
wicked
~Tvali
evil eye
~Tvalis axsna v exorcise=exorcize
avis movlineba vinmeze inflict evil on sb
~momaswavebeli adj dire
avladideba n belongings (pl usu),property
avlosi(sakravi) n sing/pl Lat. aula/aulae
avJandi n stirrup
avtarqia n autarky
avtokefalia n self governance,autokephaley
avtokefaluri adj autokephale Gr.
avtonomia n autonomy
avtonomiuri adj autonomous
avtoportreti n self-portrait
avtoreferati n abstract
avtori n author,originator,writer
ucnobi ~
anonymous author
avtoqtoni n autochton
avtoqtonuri adj autochtonous
avukulati n avunculate
avSani=abzinda(mcenare)(is) n adj wormwood, Artemisia Lat.
avSara(ix.cxenis) n halter
avxorcoba n adj adv lust(ful)(ly)
azaralebs lambasting
azela v ger knid(ing),(s)mash(ing),pug(ing)
azelili adj knidded,(s)mashed,pugged
aziaro(mRvdelma) v communicate,give communion
~rasme v expose to,introduce sb to sth
aziduli adj stretched up
azis(mag,saxeluri) v sth is set on sth
aznauri(kaci/qali) n baron(ess),count(ess),
nobleman/lady
azomva v ger measure(record,survey)(ing)
azrze mimxroba v associate with sb in…
azrTa sxvaoba n discord
azri n assumption,claim upon,concept,essence,idea,meaning,mind,notion,opinion,point of view,implication,observation,reflection
sense,significance,pronouncement,suggestion,theory,thinking,thought,statement,judgement,view,position
~brZnuli n adage,quaint
azurite=lurji malaqiti(s) n adj azurite
aTabagi n atabeg
aTasi/aTasobiT num adj thousand(s) (of)
4
aTaswleuli n sing/pl millennium/millennia
aTaswlovani adj
millennial
aTdRiuri(aTwleuli/aTwliuri) n decade
aTeuli(aTeulobiT/aTobiT) num adj
tens (of)
aTviseba v ger master(ing)
~adgilis v n accumulate(ion),occupy/
occupation of the areas
~miwebis v ger open(ing) up
~produqtis v consume
=swavla v pick up
farTo ~
full use of sth
aTla iribad ~
v bevel
~Txlad v press of sth
aTleti=mZleosani/Zalosani n athlete
aTmagi adj tenfold
aTqalaqi n Decapolis
aTwaxnaga n adj decagon
aTwleulis xnisa/aTwlovani adj decade
(s)-old
aiazma/aiazmis n adj Holy Water
~sasxurebeli n (a)sprinkle
aivani n balcony
~gadmokidebuli ~ projecting out over sth
aivniani adj balconied
akademiis gamocema n academic periodical
akademiuri(ix.done) adj academic
~gamocema scholarly edition
~wreebi
academic world
akazmuloba=aRkazmuloba n ammunition
akanTi(s) n sing/pl Lat. acanthi/acanthi
~msgavsi adj acanthus-like
akecva(ix.zeviT) v turn up
akvamarini(s) n adj aquamarine
akvani n cradle
~civilizaciis home of civilization(s)
akveduki=belRari n aqueduct Lat.
akinaki(ix.maxvili) n lance,spear
akldama(is) n charnel house,sepulcher,shrine
~gvaris
clan vault
~TaxCa n bay,berth
akme(izmi) n akme(ism) Gr.
akrefa v pick, hand picking
~masalis v collect,pick,hand picking
~teqstis v compose/set up the text
akroliTuri adj acrolithic
akropolisi n acropolis Gr.
akroteriumi(ix.frontoni) n sing/pl Lat.
acroterium/acroteria(acroteriumi); acroacroterion (Gr)
akrostixi n akrostichis Gr.
akrZalva v n ban,forbid,prohibit/prohibit-
ion,prevent sb to dosth,disallow(ance),
taboo
akrZaluli adj forbidden, tabooed
~xili
forbidden fruit
akuratuli adj accurate, precise
akuratuloba n accuracy, precision
alabastri(s)=alabastroni(s) n adj alabaster
alage n stile
alageba(ix.samarxis) v remove
alao(si) n adj malt
~ dalboba v liquer
alayafi(ix.WiSkari) n gate
~asawevi n portcullies
alebarda n Germ. hellebarde
alesva v ger sharpen(ing)
alesili adj sharpened
aleqsandriti(s) n adj Alexandrite
alvis xe/xis n adj aspen,poplar
alTe(si) n adj hollyhock=Altheae rosea
~samkurnalo n adj marsh-mallow=Althae
officialis Lat.
alTuni(moneta) n altun
ali n flame
~tyis feria n mermaid
~wylis ~ n water-sprite, witch
alibWe n flue
aliz-aguri(s) n adj adobe(AmE),mudbrick (BrE)
alizi n mud
~bzenarevi n chaff-tempered ~
aliziT adv
adobe, mud
~Selesili adj clay-coated
~Semtkicebuli adj sth held together with
mortar
alizi(s)(ix.baTqaSi) n adj adobe,mud,pisé Fr., daub
~Semzadeba(kedlis ZirSi)mortar bedding
~xsnari(s) n adj mortar
alTe(si) n adj hollyhock, Althea rosea Lat.
~samkurnalo n adj marsh-mallow, Althea
officinalis Lat.
alilo n Christmas carol, Colyada (Gr)
alisebri adj flame/flamy-like
alkuni=Warli n kingfisher=Alcedinidae
fam, Lat
almandini(s)=wiTeli iagundi(s)n adj
almandine
almandiniti(s) n adj almandinite
almasi(s) n adj uncut diamond
alpuri adj alpine
aluviuri adj alluvial
5
alqimia n alchemy
alqimikosi n alchemist
alqimiuri adj alchemical
alya n v siege
~nadirze/tyveebze v round up captives
alyaSi moqceva v besiege/impale enemy
alyis Semortyma v besiege,lay siege
alCu da/Tu Toxani
cross and/or pile
amala n retinue,suite,tendence,throng,rout
amalgama/amalgamis n adj amalgama
amalgamiT dafarva v foil
amao adj futile,plough the sand,it is a dead fish
~Sroma unrewarded work
amaod adv in vain, unsuccessfully
amarTuli adj elated,emerging,topped,erected,upright,uplifted
amaRleba(ix.SemaRleba) v n elevate/elevation,highten,make higher,raise
~iesosi(dRe)=koxinjroba n v Ascension
Day,Ascend(ing), Elevation (of the Host)
~jvris Exaltation of the Cross
amaRlebuli adj elevated,raised
ambavi(ix.gadmocema) n fable,happening(s),
incident,legend,matter,narration,story,tale,tradition
~gamogonili fabulous,imaginary,made up
~naambobi narrated,narration,narrative
~namdvili episode,fact,true story
ambioni n ambo, pulpit
~sinagogaSi AAlmimari Theba
ambis gadacema n v propagate/propagation,
transmit/transmission
ambra/ambris n adj ambergris
ameTvisto(si) n adj amethyst
amier(gaaCnia romeli qveynidan) pref.
trans..,ultra..,cis…
amierkavkasia(saqarTvelosTvis)(ix.imier)
n Ciscaucasia=cis-Caucasia
amilaxvari=amilaxori=mejinibeTuxucesi n equarry
amin! excl. Amen!
WeSmaritad! ~ verily
amirbari n admiral
amirspasalari/spaspeti n commander-inchief,field-marshal
amisos(moneta)n sing/pl Lat. Amisus/Amisos
amoberili adj convex, swollen
amoberiloba n convexity, swelling
amobrunebuli adj inverted,overturned
amoburcva v buckle
amoburcul-reliefuri(ix.ornamenti) adj
relief
~Cawneuli adj convex and pressed
amoburculi adj convex,hogged, proturberant,relief,swelling outwards,buckle
amogdeba v knock out
amogeba v dress,line
amogebuli(ix.qviT) adj dressed, lined
~kedlebi lined walls
~TixiT
clay lined
~ZelebiT lined with logs,timber framing of
logs
amoglesa=amogozva v doub with
amoglesili=amogozili adj doubed with
amogleja v pull out
amovseba v fill in, pile up
~siTxis Sesakaveblad v stop a leak
amovsebuli adj filled in,inserted,piled up
amozneqil-Cazneqili adj convexo-concave
amozneqili adj buckle,curved, hogged
amozurguli adj backed
amoTlili adj chiseled,hollowed
amoTxra v n dig out,disinterred,exhume/
exhumation,unearth
amoTxrili adj dug out,disinterred,exhumed,
unearthed
amoicnoba v identify,recognize
amokawvra v scratch out
amokawruli adj scratched out
amokveTa(ix.amoWra,mokveTa) v chase,curve,
cut out,engrave,incise,sculpture
~adre amokveTilze v overengrave
~liTonze v engrave,incise/incision
~warweris v inscribe
amokverva(ix.kverva) v hammer
amokiTxva v reading
=gaSifvra v decode,interpret
amokrefa v ger pick(ing), sort(ing) out
~madnis xeliT hand picking=benefication
~teqstidan
v pick up
amolesva/amolesili v adj close(d) up
amomavali adj rising
amomarTuli adj emerged/emerging,elevated from sth, topped
amomtvreva/amongreva v n gauge
amomwvari adj
burnt out
amomwuravi/amomwuravad adj comprehensive(ly)
~bibliografia/monacemebi exhaustive
bibliography/data
amonabeWdi(naSromi) n presswork,printout,
reprint
amonaridi=citata v n cite/citation,quote/
quotation
6
amonaridis moSvelieba=citireba v quote
amonayari(Teslidan) n sucker
~mcenaris tanze n sprout
amonagleji=amonatexi n hollow,loophole
amonaWeri n cutting out
amongreva v hollow out
amorCeva v adj choose/chosen,select(ed),sort(ed) out
amosavali=sawyisin initial,code word,primary
~TariRi pivotal date
~qronologiaSi pivotal for/in chronology
~wertili
point of departure
amosvla v arise
~miwidan mcenaris v throw up
amotexva v thrust out
amotexili=amonatexi n adj loophole
amotvifvra v adj impress(ed),imprint(ed),
press(ed)out,stamp(ed)
amotivtiveba v appear,float,resurface
amotumbva v pump out
amoucnobi adj enigmatic,un(re)solved
amouwuravi adj inexhaustible,overwhelming
amofena/amofenili v adj cover/pave(ed)
amofrqveva qanebis v n uplift(s)
amofxaWna/amofxeka v scrape out
amofrqveva v n erupt(ion)
amoqargva/amoqarguli v adj embroider(ed)
amoqmedeba v drive,enact,enable,put into operation,trigger
~ramis v enable sth
amoqolva/amoqolili v adj block(ed),close(d) seal(ed)
~qvebiT block(ed) by stone walling
amoRarva/amoRaruli v adj excise/recess
(ed)
~fuZe hollow base(d)
amoReba v n extract(ion),take out
~konteqtidan v abstract
~siidan v delete
~xmarebidan v withdraw
amoRrueba/amoRruebuli v adj curve(d)/
hollow(ed) out,notch(ed)
amoRunuli adj convex,curved
amoSeneba(ix.amoqolva)v block up,build,cover,face
amoSenebuli adj blocked up,built,covered
amoSla/amoSlili v adj n delete(d)/delation,erase(obliterate,outline,remove,efface(d), sharp deliniation
amoSroba/amoSrobiliv adj dry/dried out/up
amoCiCqna/amoCiCqnili v adj pluck (ed) out
amocnoba(ix.cnobadi) v n identify/identifica-
tion,recognize/recognition
~SesaZlebelia sth is identifiable/recognizeable,sth is possible to identify/
recognize
~SeuZlebelia sth is not identifiable/recognizable,sth is not possible to identify/
recognize
amocnobili adj identified,recognized,unrevealed
amoZirkva/amoZirkvuliv adj deteriorate(ing)
root out,uproot(ed)
amoZraveba v drive, trigger
~raime momarTulebiT propel towards…
amoZroba/amoZrobili v adj knock(ed) out,
remove(d)
amoweva v lift, dessect
amowva v burn out
~xeze poker-work
amowurva/amowuruli v adj deplete(ed),
exhaust(ed),fade(d) out,peter out
amowydoma=amowyveta v become extinct,die
out
amoWma liTonze v ger etch(ing)
amoWra/amoWrili v adj cut out
~liTonze v engrave
~qvaze/xeze v carve,curve
amoxapva/amoxapuli v adj bale(rake,scoop)
(ed) out
amoxveva/amoxveuli v adj twist(ed)
amoxocva/amoxocili v adj kill/massacre(d)
amoxsna n v clue,solve
=gasaRebi n key to
ampiri n adj (Fr) Empire
amJamindeli adj current
amJRavnebs v bears,reveals,shows
~gavlenas sth bears influence of sb/sth
~kavSirs sth reveals/shows links with…
~msgavsebas sth bears resemblance to sth
amridi(mexis/wylis) n offset
amsaxavi adj reflective,representative
amsaxveli adj reflective of sth
amtani adj enduring, tough(er)
amtanoba(ix.gamZleoba) n durability, stamina
amfiTeatri n amphitheatron
amfitrioni n amphitryon
amfiqtioni n amphictyony
amfora n sing/pl Lat. amphora/amphorae
~apuliis n
Puglia ~
~dergi
n
jar-like ~
~zarisebri n
bell
~
~TiTistarisebri n spindle-shaped ~
~maragis Sesanaxi n storing ~
7
~maRalyeliani n
neck ~
~ritoni n ~ rhyton
~sakidi n ~ pendant,amphora-like pendant
~stafilosebri n carrot-shaped ~
~tara n ~ tara,carrying/transport ~
~quslwvetiani n ~ with pointed saucer
~welwvrili n ~ with interseption
amforiski n sing/pl Lat. amphoriskos/amphoriskoi
amqveyniuri adj eartherly, mundane
amSenebeli(ix.eklesiis) n builder
amCnevia v sth bears traces…
amZravi adj driving
amxedreba(winaaRmdeg)v play off one against
amxedrebuli cxovelze astride animal(s)
amxsneli adj exponent of, explanatory
anabeWdi n mark,impress,(im)print,trace,cachet (Fr)
~TiTis n fingerprint
anabeWdis gamosaxuleba n seal impression
anazRaureba v n compensate/compensation
for…
anazomebi n pl usu. measurements
anaTali qvaze n sposeshaves
anaTema n Gr. Anathema
anaTemaze gadacema v anathemize
anakrefi adj collected, picked up
~masala surface material
~ ~ zedapirze collect from the surface
analebi n pl usu
annals
anali(1wlis) n annal
analizi n sing/pl analysis/analyses
v
analysis
~gamowvlilviTi/dawuruli adj catchmment analysis
=moxseneba analysis report
~mxatvruli artistic analysis
analogi n analogy,correspondence
analogiiT adv by analogy with…
analogis mixedviT adv at the analogy
analogiuri adj analogous
anakrefi masala n surface findings
anamtvrevi n adj chip(ed)
anarekli n adj reflection,repercussion
~zusti mirrored image
anasaxi n mark,doing traces of… trace
anatvifri n cast, imprint
~micvalebulis n death mask
anatkecebiT Semosworeba trim edges by removing small falakes
~cal mxareze uniface,unifacial
anatkecebis mocilebiT Semosworeba trim
edges by removing flakes
~anatkecebis Camomtvreva detach lithic
flakes
anatkecze iaraRis keTeba make tool on
flake
anatkci ~ secondary flake
anatkeci(s) n adj chip,flake(d),long blade,
lithic flake
~amtvreva v flake
~kaJis n chert
~momtvreva remove flake
~moSoreba remove a flake
~wvetiani bolo distal edge of the flake
anatomiuri wesrigi n anatomical order
anafora n Gr. anaphora, cowl
anaqoreti n sing/pl Gr anchorite/anchorites
anaqronizmi n anachronism
anaqronistuli adj anachronistic
anbani(s) n alphabeth , ABC elements
~arqona illiteracy
~marcvlovani n syllabar
~qona literacy
anbanuri adj alphabetical
~WeSmariteba n copy-book maxim
angeloza(tyis mc.) n adj angelica= Angelica hirsuta Lat.
angelozi n angel, ethereal messenger
~mfarveli tutelary angel
~fuZis guardian angel
angelozma daifara v protected the angel
angelozni n pl the heavenly hosts
angreva v destroy,smash
~iatakis remove the floor
angreuli adj beated,destroyed,smashed
andaza n proverb,saw,adage
~brZnuli n wise saw
andamati n charm, magic
anderZi n deed,testament,will
~politikuri political demice
anderZiT uaris Tqma v bequest
anderZiT/anderZis datoveba v bequeath
anderZis datoveba(ix.aRsruleba) v bequeath,deed,make a testament
~damtovebeli n bequeathed
aneuli n fallow, spring crop
aneqsia v n annex(ation)
anTimoni(s)(ix.saolavi) n adj antimony,
cohl
anTimoniti(s) n adj antimonite
anTologia n sing/pl Lat. corpus/corpora
anTropogenezi n anthropogenesis
8
anTropogenuri adj anthropogenic
anTropomorfuli adj anthropomorphous
ankeri/ankeriT gamagreba/damagreba n v
anchor(age),grapple with
ankesi n hook
ankesis eklebi n pl barbs
anklavi n enclave (Lat); enoikismos (Gr)
anomalia n anomaly (to)
anomaluri adj anomalous
anonimi n anonym,anonymos (Gr)
anonimuri adj anonymous
anotacia n v annotate/annotation
ansambli n company,ensemble
antablementi n antablature=entablement
(Fr)
ante=anti n sing/pl Lat. anta/antae
antefiqsi n sing/pl Lat antefixa/antefixorum
anti... pref anti… counter…
antiTeza n antithesis
antiTezuri adj antithetical
antikvari(adamiani) n antiquarian
~ nivTi n antiquary,antique(s)
antikvaruli adj antique,antiquarian
antikuri(ix.xana) n Antique
~samyaro Ancient=Antique World
~swavlebani Antique Studies
=Zveli adj ancient
~xanidan dRemde from Antiquity to the present
antikuroba n Antiquity
antiseismuri adj antiseismic
antresoli=qoredi n attic,loft,mezzanine
anfasi=winxedi
n full face,en face (Fr)
anfilada n row(series/suite) of rooms
anwli(ს) n adj elderberry. Sambukus spp Lat.
anjama/anjamiani(ix.urmis) n hinge(d)
anjamis Reraki n
~ pin
aorTqleba v n evaporate/evaporation
aorTqlebuli adj evaporated
aoSva=gadaxvna v plough over/up again
apadana n apadana
apani/apnisi(ix.ianvari,surwyunisi) n January
aparati n apparatus
samecnero ~ scholarly(sciential/scientific)~
saxelmwifo ~ apparatus of state
apnisi(ix.dekemberi,tirisdeni,qristeSobisa) n December
apoikia n apoicia (Lat),apoikia/apoikiai (Gr)
apokalifsi(ioane) n the Revelation
apokrifi/apokrifuli n adj apocryp(al)
apologia n apology
apostati n apostate
apotrofuli adj apotropaic
aprili(ix.vardobisai,igrika) n April
aJuri n ajour (Fr)
~xuroTmoZRvruli n tracery
aJuruli=Wviruli adj filigree,open-work
~naqsovi open-work lace
araberZnuli adj non-Greek=Nongreek
arabeski(arabeskebi)Nn arabesque (Fr)
arabi n Arab(ian),Saracen
arabuli adj AArabian
aragamZle adj perishable(s),unstable
aragoniti(s) n adj aragonite
aradamajerebeli adj flimsy
aradasavluri adj nonwestern
aradidgvarovani n adj nonelite
aradidgvarovnuli adj non-elite(s)
araerTxel adv repeatedly
araierarqiuli adj nonhierarchical
arakeTilSobili(ix.avi) adv base,lowborn,
lowclass,ignoble,malignant,mean
aramecnieruli adj non/unscientific
aramiwiereba n unworldliness
aramiwieri adj not of this world, unworldly
aramomTabaruli adj nonnomadic(al)
aramonaTesave adj unrelated to…
aramudmivi adj ephemeral,short-lived,uneven
aramyarad adv unsubstantially
aramyari adj unstable,unsubstantial
aramwarmoebluri(dargi) adj nonprofit(able)
aranatifad adv carelessly
aranatifi adj careless,offhand
araorganuli adj inorganic
arasacxovrebeli adj nondomestic
arasrulad adv briefly,imperfectly,incompletely,insufficiently
~Seswavlili sth imperfectly studied
arasruli adj brief,fractional,fragmentary,incomplete,lacking/missing sty,sketchy,insufficient,scanty,simple
arasruloba n incompleteness,sketchiness
arasrulfasovani adj inadequate,not of
full value
arasrulfasovnad adv inadequately
arasrulfasovneba n inadequatness
arasrulyofilad adv imperfectly,insufficiently, sketchily
arasrulyofileba n disadvantage(s),imperfection,sketchiness of sth,shortcoming(s)
9
arasrulyofili adj imperfect,insufficient,
sketchy
arasrulwlovaneba n infancy
arasrulwlovani adj minor
arastumarTmoyvrulad adv inhospitably
arastumarTmoyvruli adj inhospitable
araswori adj adj erratic,imperfect,inadequate
incorrect,wrong
~azri/termini improper/misleading view/
term
~axsna/gageba v n misinterpret(ation
~gageba v n imperfect understanding
~wakiTxva v n misread(ing)
~xmareba(saxelis/sityvis) v misnomer,
misuse
aratradiciulad adv uncommonly,unconventionally,unusually
aratradiciuli adj rare,uncommon,unfamiliar,unusual,unconventional
arauadres adv no(t) earlier than…
araumetes adv mere, …(and) not more…
arafriT gamorCeuli adj undistinguishable
undistinguished
araqristiani n ignorant
arayi/aryis n adj Arab. arak=arrak
araCveulebrivad adv incredibly,singularly
araCveulebrivi adj exquisite,extraordinary,
incredible,outstanding,remarkable,striking,unequal,unusual,prime
~bavSvi=ieso
Special Child
~ostatobiT of extraordinary workmanship
arawvetiani adj pointless
arawminda adj evil
argani n cudgel, rod
argonavti n sing/pl Lat argonauta/argonautae
are n span
are(ali)n area(l), field,natural habitat,sphere
~gavrcelebis pattern of distribution
~Tematuri coverage of…
areva v n fuse/fusion,disorder,mix(ing),intersperse with sth,perplex(ing)
~rameSi v confuse with sth
are-mare n neighbourhood(s)
arena n sing/pl Lat. arena/arenae; scaffold
areopagi n areopagus
areuli adj bedeviled, bewildering set of sth,
inextricable,untidy
areuloba(ix.xana) n clutter,disorder,instability,riot,turmoil,unrest
~politikuri/samxedro unrest,upheaval
ariTezisi=samkveTlo n sing/pl Gr. postophorium/postoporiumi
aristokrati n aristocrat
~STamomavlobiTi (sb of) blue/high blood
aristokratia(ix. samxedro) n aristocracy,
gentility,nobles
~miwaTmflobeli
landed aristocracy
aristokratulad adv aristocratically
aristokratuli
adj aristocratic,select
arkada n ambulatory, cloister
armila n sing/pl Lat. armila/armilae
armireba(ix.gamagreba) v n reinforce(ment)
~ramiT reinforce sth by sth
arnadi n fork for chaff
arseba=qmnileba n being,creature
arsebiT(Tavisi) adv inherently
arsebiTad adv in essence,virtually,intrinsically,substantially
arsebiTi adj actual,essential,intrinsic,integral
substantial
arseboba n v accommodate, existence,function,presense,subsistence
~ganagrZo live(d) on
~ganaxlda life/presence resumed
~dasturdeba sth provides testimony of
existence of sth; sth proves/proving
the existence; there is concerned the
existence of sth
~Sewyda sth ceased to exist/failed to survive
~xangrZlivad sth persist(s)(ed) for a long
time
arsebobis bolo wlebi waning years
~ekon.forma mode of economis subsistence
~saSualeba resourses for subsistence
~wesi subsistence pattern
arsebobisas adv during/in the timelife
arsebobs v exists,sth is in presense/is present,sth survives
~raRac droidan sth was created from…
~raRacis safuZvelze sth exists in the
base of presense…
~sakmao sabuTi daskvnisTvis the evidence is enough to establish that…
arsebuli adj actual,available,common,current,existent,existing,extant,present
~adre/manamde sth ancestral to,antecedent,
preexisting(existent/existence),predecessor,origin
~odesme ever exist(ant)
~ukve inherent
xangrZliv ~
sth long-lived/held
arsi=arseba n core,entity,essence,implication,matter,outline
~ist. simarTlis kernel of historical truth
~sakiTxis gist of argument
10
arsiT adv in essence
arsSi wvdoma v penetrate into very core of
sth
artaSani n splint
artaxi n band(age)
artileria n artillery
artiSoki(s) n adj artichoke=Cynara Scolumus Lat.
arfa n harp
arqeografia n archaeography
arqeologia n archaeology
arqeologiurad adv archaeologically
~dadgena identify archaeologically
~dadastureba attested/establish ~
~dadgena identify ~
~dadgenili attested (established,located,
witnessed) ~
arqeologiuri(ix.dazverva) adj archaeological
~gaTxrebi
~ excavations
~ ~ didi imedis momcemi rich excavation perspectives
~ ~ sistemuri systematic ~
~simdidre(ebi) ~ riches
~gaTxrebis Catareba conduct/undertake ~
~ ~ (s) warmoebisas through archaeological
~
~gaTxrebma gamoavlina emerged(revealed,yielded) from ~ ~
~
~ gviCvena ~ ~ demonstrated
~
~ daadastura it has (been) appointed
(fixed,established)
~
~
~ TariRi established date for…
~dakvirveba v n supervise/supervision
~kompleqsi n complex,context
~monapovari/masala n evidence(s),find(s)
~monacemi n evidence(s)
~arqeologiuri simdidre ~ riches
arqeometalurgi(a) n archaeometallurgy/archaeometallurgist
arqetipi n archtype
arqi...
pref
archi…
arqidiakoni n Archdeacon
arqieli n Gr. Archiereus
arqiepiskoposi n Archbishop,Primacy
arqieratikoni n Gr. archieraticos
arqivi n pl archives
=Senaxva v ger archive(ing)
arqivolti n archivolt
~sami lilvakiT ~ with three fasciae
arqimandriti n Gr. Aarchimandrites
arqiteqtonika n Gr. architektonike
arqitravi n archtrave
~ori lilvakiT ~ with two fasciae
~solisebri=solisebri qvebiT nagebi
voussoir ~
arqonti n Gr. archon(tos)
arRavani(s)/iudas xe/xis n adj Juda‟s tree
arRani n hurdy-gurdi
aryis xe/xis n adj birch –tree
arSia n border,fringe,hem
arSiamovlebuli adj bordered,fringed
arSiebis wyeba n series of borders
arCeva v choose,elect,opt,select
arCevani n choice,election,option for,selection
arCeviTi adj selective
arCevnebi n pl election
~parlamentSi
general ~
~Sualeduri n midterms
arCeuli adj chosen, elected,selected
arCivi n lot,share
arwivi(s) n eagle
~bude n aerie=aery
~marTve n eaglet
~mTis n golden eagle
~frTagaSlili in spread eagle position
arxari n moufflon sheep
arxi(ix.Rari,wyalamridi) n channel
~amridi n drain
~Tixis=keremikuli n tile-drain
~sakanalizacio n sewer
~saniaRvre n ditch
~sarwyavi n arable/irrigation ditch
~sawreti draining channel
~quCis n
drain-pipe
~wyalsawreti n catch-water drain
~wylis n ditch, water-pipe
~
~ xelovnuri n canal
asazrdoebs v fuels
asaki(T)(s) n adv adj age
~ daaxloebiT sb (of) about…years old
mag.20-25 wlis adult/sb between 20-25;
sb in his/her 30s or 40s; sb aged between 13 and 16-17 years
~zrdausruli subadult age
yvela ~
every age
asali(ix.cxenis) n horse-cloth
asatani adj bearable,tolerable
asaxavs v chronicles,depicts,mirrors,illustrates,
portrays,reflects,traces
~mkafiod clearly reflected
~farTod sth amply reflected
~xarisxs
sty reflects thedegree/quality
asaxva v depict,mirror,portray,reflect,reproduce
11
cohorts of…
audencia n audience
auzi n basin,pool,pond,notation/notationis (n
sing/pl Lat)
~tbis basin of lake
aucilebeli adj essential,needed,requisite
~gamosakvebad wherewidal to feed
auwonavi adj incalculable
afTari n hyena
mRvimis ~
cave ~
afTiaqari/afTiaqi n apothecary, chemist
aforizmi n saw, dictum/dicta (sing/pl Lat)
aphorismos Gr.
afra n sail
afriani n adj sailer
afsida(ix.absida) n apse
afsiduri adj apsidal
afski(s) n adj film
~frinvelis/cxovelis fexis n pellicle
afcqvna/afcqvnili v adj chip(ed)
afxeka v peel off
aqandazi n dustpan,scoop,shovel,battilum/battili sing/pl Lat.
aqati(s) n adj agate
aqsonometria n axonometry
aqsonometriuli adj axonometric projection
aRapi n funeral/funerary banquit/feast,agape Gr.
~dakrZalvamde n wake
aRbeWdva v engrave,impress,imprint,mirror,
mould the fact of…
~mexsierebaSi imprint sty in one‟s memory
~ramiT mark with sth
aRgva v blend,crumble,decay,wipe off,tuck
away,(full)sweep
~pirisagan miwisa
vanish(ed) from the
faceof the earth,wipe of the face of
the earth
aRgvili adj decayed,vanished,wiped off
aRdga v emerged,regained,prospered
~nangrevebidan sth rose from ruins and
ashes
aRdgena v innovate,prosper again,reconstract,
reestablish,regenerate,restore,
rehabilitate
~viTarebis redress situation
~imisa,risi ~ SeiZleba v retrieve
~imisgan,rac darCa v n reconstitute(ion)
~masalis v n restore/restoration,retrive/
retrieval
~mexsierebaSi v furbish
~momxdaris/suraTis v build up,restore
~nawarmoebSi/naxatze v portray
asaxtomad SemarTuli adj leaping
asaxuli adj depicted,mirrored,portrayed,refthis
~nangrevebSi illustrated in ruins
asdevs v run(s)(ing) up
aseulobiT num adv hundredsof,hundreds
upon hundreds
asvla v n climb,go up,mount,ascend/ascend
~taxtze v n access(ion),ascend/ascend
the throne,enthrone(ment),the reign
asTakvi=kiborCxala n lobster
asisTavi n centurion
asket(izm)i n askesis, ascetism
asketuri adj ascetic
asli(s) n copy,counterpart,duplication,forgeimitation,replica,mirror image
~zusti mirror image
~keTeba v copy,duplicate,make a copy/replica,counterpart,replicate
~mkeTebeli n copy maker,forger
asli(s)(mcenare) n adj spelt, German wheat
aso(ix.damwerloba) n character, letter
~mTavruli=didi n capital/initial letter
~patara n low case/small ~
aso-aso=zustad adj literatim
~Tqma sityvis v spell(ing)(of) a word
asokirkita n literalist
asomTavruli n adj majuscule
asortimenti n assortment (of articles)
farTo ~ wide range of assortment
asociaciuri adj associational
asparezi n field,realm
~samecniero
in the field of science
aspidi(s)=fiqali/fiqlis n adj shale
astinomi n astynom(s)
astragalosi n sing/pl Lat astragalus/astragali
astronomiuli adj astronomical
asfalti(s) n adj asphalt
asxma n v rope,string, thread
asxmula n rope/strand of (eg beads)
atana v bear,endure, (with)stand sb/sth
~zeviT v take sth up(stairs)
atarebs v wears, wearing
atimia n Gr. Atimia
atkecva dartymiTi percussion flaking
~dawneviT pressure flaking
~Camonatexidan n v flake
atriumi n atrium
auarebeli adj abundant,a lot of,lots of,numerous,overwhelming,countless,pile of,
12
~qvaSi v retain in stone
aRdgenili asj furbished,reestablished,regenerated,restored,rehabilitated,retrieved
aRdgineba v n back from death,repair,rise again from the death,restore alive,resurrect
(ion),resurgence of sth
aRdgoma n adj resurgence,resurgent,revive
aRdgoma(ix.saaRdgomo) n Easter
~ebraelTa n Passover
~mkvdreTiT v n resurgence,resurgent
aRdgomidan amaRlebamde adv Easter-tide
time
aRdgomis kvira n Easter week
~meore dRe n Easter Monday
aReb-micemoba n v commerce,give-and-take
aReba(ix.mosavlis) v ger derive, take(ing)
~qalaqis/cixis v dismantle, take, pick up
aRviris amodeba v n coercion
aRzeveba(ix.xana) v n ascent,ascension,peak
(ing),rise of sb/sth,have one‟s heyday
aRzrda v bring up,raise,rear,train,raise,nurture,foster,upbring(ing)
~ganaTleba v n educate/education
aRzrdilni n sing/pl alumnae/alumnus Lat.
aRzrdiloba n Lat. decorum/decora
aRTqma v behest,covenant, pledge,vow
axali ~ the New Testament(Book/Law)
ucolobis/qalwulobis ~ celibacy/chastity,take a vow not to marry
Zveli ~ the Old Testament(Book/Law)
aRTqmis dadeba=Tqma v vow
Zveli ~ wignebi n pl Scrolls
aRTqmuli adj promised, votive
~miwa Promised Land; Land of Covenant
aRiareba v n accept(ance/ing),acknowledge
(ment),admit,appreciate(ion),approve
(ance),confess(ion),proclaim,recognize/recognition
~vinmes avtoritetis conform to sb
~damoukideblobis/mefed hail sb/sth
~vinmes Zalauflebis assert sb‟s power
~kultis
practice cult of sb/sth
~faqtis v n acknowledge(ment)
aRiarebis done n degree of acceptance
aRiarebuli(a) adj accept,acknowledged,approved, is/was belived/conventional,
proclaimed,recognized,timehonoured
honoured
~sayovelTaod/Cveulebriv adj generally accepted
~ adamiani/faqti timehonoured,acknowledged
~wesebis sapirispiro(d) adj adv un-
conventional(ly)
sty is/was marked/noted
(by sb)
~dResaswauli/TariRi sth celebrated
by sb
aRkazmuli(ix.akazmuloba,sartylis) adj
vestured
aRkveTa v cut short,repel,suppress
aRkveca(berad/monazvnad)(ix.Sedgoma) v
become a monk/nun,make a retreat,take monastic vows/the veil
aRkvecili(kaci/qali) n votary/votaress
aRlumi(ix.saaRlumo) n v parade
aRmavali adj ascending, rising
aRmavloba(ix.xana) n height, rise
aRmarTva v elevate,erect,mount,raise,rise
~borcvisa samarxze
heap the mound
~miwis zedapiridan rising above…
~rameze perch on (top of sth)
~saZirkvelze erect on foundation(s) of sth
~Zvel ~
~ upon existing foundation
~taZris/Zeglis
v erect,rear
aRmarTi n climb,rise
aRmasvla v rise
~da daRmasvla rise and fall
~swrafi v upsurge
aRmatebuleba vinme (his,her,your) highness
aRmatebuli adj overarching,superlative,
surpassed
aRmdgari(ix.mkvdreTiT) adj renewed,rebuilt
aRmzrdeli(ix.moZRvari) n counselor,tutor
aRmniSvneli adj emblematic,marking
aRmomCeni n discoverer
pirvel ~
the first ~
aRmonaceni n pl shoots
aRmosavleTi n the east,the Orient, Levant
axlo ~
n
Near(Mid/ East) Asia
ukiduresi ~ easternmost, most easterly
Soreuli ~ n Far East
Sua ~(arabeTi) n Middle East
aRmosavleTiT adv eastwards=eastings,in
the east
aRmosavleTmcodne n Orientalist
aRmosavleTmcodneoba n Oriental Studies
aRmosavlelebi n pl easterners, the Orientals
aRmosavluri adj eastern,Oriental,Levantine
~gavleniT Orientallize(ing)
~gavlenis mqone(ni)
Orientalia
aRmosavluroba n Orientalization
aRmouCeneli adj
undiscovered
aRiniSna(ramiT)
13
v
aRmoCena v n bring to light,discover(y),detect
(ion),find,manifest,recover,turn up,uncover,unearth
~asabuTebs discovery provides (a) testimony of existence of sth
~dakvirvebis Sedegad v n observe
(ation)
=saidumlos gaxsna v n manifest(ation),
reveal/revelation
~SemTxveviTi accidental/chance discovery/find(s)
aRmoCenebi n pl evidence(s), find(s)
calkeuli ~ individual ~
aRmoCenebiT adv through finds…
aRmoCenili(a) adj (is) brought to light,discovered,found,revealed,unearthed,
uncovered
~sadme sth comes from N site/place
aRmoCnda v appeared,came from/to light,emerged,is proven to be…turned out
~amao sth proved futile
aRmoCenis adgili n find spot,location,provenance
~momentSi at the time of discovery
~pirobebi the find circumstances of sth
aRmoceneba v advent,emerge,come to being,
get sth start,grow up,rise of sth
~ mcenaris/ramis v spring up
aRmsarebeli=aRsarebis mTqmeli n confesant
~romelime religiis n believer
aRmsarebloba n acceptance,adoption(of
certain religion)
aRmsareblobis Tavisufleba n religious
freedom
aRmweri n interpreter
aRnagoba n fabric, structure
aRniSvna v mark,mention,note,point out,refer
to,state
~glovis v observe
~dResaswaulis v n celebrate sth,decoration of sth
religiuri ~ ~
v observe
~wlisTavis v honour/mark an anniversary
aRniSvnis Rirsi(a) adj notable,noteworthy,
remarkable,sth worth of mention(ing)/
noting,sth deserves special mention,
sth especially noteworthy
aRniSnuli adj marked,mentioned,noted,pointed out
winaswar
~ previously noted
aRnusxva n v ger census,fix(ing),inventory,
recording/registering,registration
aRorZineba n v generate/generation,prosper,regain,reconstruct(ion),revive/revival,Renaisance,resurrect(ion),resurgence of sth
aRorZinebis gza n
revitalizing routs
aRorZinebuli adj generated,prosperous,regained,reconstructed,revived
aRreva v ger n confound(ing),confuse(ion),
mingle(ing) sth
aRricxva v ger fix/record(ing),register/registration
aRsavali=aRsavlis kari n Holy Doors,
Royal Gates
aRsazrdeli(ix,aRzrdilni) n sing/pl Lat
alumnus/alumni
aRsaniSnavi adj notable,noteworthy,outstanding,remarkable,spectacular,significant,sth
worth mentioning
aRsaniSnavia v sth noteworthy/significant,
sth worth mentioning
aRsareba v n adj confess(ion)
mTqmeli ~
n cofessant
oTaxi ~
n confessional
aRsaydreba v n elevate/elevation,enthrone
(ment)
aRsruleba v n accomplish(ment),execute,
execution,fulfil(ment),implement(ation)
resolve/resolution,administer
~ceremonialis
perform a ceremony
aRtaceba n v admire/admiration,awe,delight,
enthusiasm
aRfrTovaneba n v (be) enrapture(d) by sth
aRfrTovanebuli adj enraptured
aRqma v conceive,perceive/perception
aRqmuli adj perceived
aRwevs v extends,lasts
2
zoma sth amounts to eg 3-5 m
~piks v peak(ing)
~rasme v reach(es)
aRwera v n account,catalogue,chronicle,depict(ion),describe/description,document,
(ation),portray,record
~masalis v n record(ing),describe/description
~mosaxleobis n census
~mxatvruli artistic description
~cxovrebis n biography,life story
aRwerili adj catalogued,chronicled,discribed,documented,pertrayed,recorded
aRweriloba n description,record
aRwerilobiTi adj descriptive
aRweris furceli n recording sheet
14
aRWurva v equip,fit(furnish,provide,refit,supply) with sth
~axleburad v refit
~mowyobilobiT equip with installation
~ndobiT commission(ed) sb by sb
~uflebiT appoint,empower(give/invest)
sb with authority
aRWurvili adj equipped,furnished,provided
with sty,well found,empovered(invested,given) authority
~materialurad materially equipped
aRWurviloba n ammunition,armour,equipment,furnishing,implementation,facilities,gear,paraphernalia(pl),set of armour
~materialuri material equipments
~saomari
a set of accoutrements
ayvaveba v n ger advance,flourish(ing),flower
(ing),prosper(ity),revive/revival
ayvavebuli adj flourishing,prospering,prosperous,thriving,blossoming
ayvana v pick
~taxtze v n elevate/elevation,enthrone
(ment)
~Segirdad v ger apprentice,apprenticing
ayra v throw up
~iatakis/fenis v n remove/removal
~xalxis v n (e)migrate(ion),resettle(ment)
aSeneba v ger build(construct,erect)(ing)
~nangrevebze build upon ruins
~Zvel saZirkvelze build on top of earlier
foundation/structure
~xelaxla build anew, rebuild
aSia=arSia(ix.SeniSvna) n border,hem
~wignSi n margin
aSliloba n (civil) unrest
aSurma=yawimi n baldric, cross belt
aSuRi n minstrel poet
aCvenebs v displays, shows
aCqareba v quicken
aCqarebuli adj quickened, rapid
aCrdili n shadow
acdena v miss
aciveba(swrafi) cold snap
acileba v avoid,challenge,eliminate,neglect,
preclude,prevent,ward off
Tavidan v avoid,escape,honder,ignore,obviate,preclude,prevent,shield,ward off
mizanze ~ n miss the target
acla v peel off
acma(ix.asxma) v n rope,string,thread
acqvetili adj erect(ed)(ing),jutting
~yurebi
prick-ears
acxadebs v argues, claims
aZvelebs v antedates, makes sth older
aZlierebs v heightens,strengthens…
aZnelebs v makes sth difficult
aw...
adv now,from now on
~ gardacvlili adj the late
~ da maradis adv now and forever
awarmoebs v sb makes(manifactures,produces,has in production)
aweva v n ger elevate(ion),lift(ing),raise
aweria v sth is inscribed/bears an inscription
awesebs
v awards,impose,ordain
aweuli adj elevated,lifted,upward directed,
raised
awon-dawonva v consider,deliberate
awyoba v ger construct,compose,fit(ing),install,
make up,mend(ing)
~teqstis v compose,set up
awyobili adj composed,constructed,hung on
installed,made up,mended,set up,
aWreleba v spot with
aWarbebs v preponderates,prevales
~didad far exceeds
axal...
pref
new(ly)
axalgazrda adj adolescent, young
~vaJi n fellow, youth
~qali n girl, young lady
axalgazrdoba n adolescency
axalgazrduli adj adolescent
axaldaqorwinebuli=axalyoilni adj
newly-wed, just married
axali adj fresh,latter-day,modern,novel,recent,up-to-date,innovative
=bolo adj (most)recent
~gamocema n new edition,recent publication
~kvleva n recent study
sul
~
adj brand new
=ucnobi
adj novel
axalmoduri adj sty of new fashion
axalmosuli n newcomer,recent arrivals
axalmSenebloba(ni) n (new)building activity/
activities,building campaign
axaluxi n shirt
axalSeni n colony
axalSobili n neonate
axalwlisa(ix.enkenisTve,seqtemberi,sTulisa) n September
axalwlisani(ix.agvisto,mariamobisa,qvel
Tobisa) n August
axasiaTebs v characterizes
axdena v n embody(ment),fulfil(ment)
axla adv currently,in a moment,in modern
15
times,now(adays)at the present times,
newly,recently,at the time being
axlad adv newly
~aRmoCenili
~ discovered
~gaCenili adj emergent,emerging
~moqceva v n convert,proselytize(ation)
~moqceuli n novice,(newly)converted,
ptoselytising
~Seqmnili/Camoyalibebuli adj newly
formed,emergent
axlavs v accompanies,conducts,sth is back
ed up with sth
~raime sabuTi v n encloses,enclosure
axlandeli adj current,modern,nowadays,
present,recent
axleburad adv anew, in a new manner
axleburi adj current,innovative,novel
axlo adv close(by),near(by),hereabout(s),
next to
~analogi
close analogy of sth
~dasaruli near end
~erTmaneTTan in lockstep with sb
~TanamSromloba
~ collaboration
~kavSiri ~ links/have strong links,lease=
liase
~msgavseba ~ comparison with sth,close similarity
~paraleli
close parallel
~urTierToba
~ association with
axlo-maxlo adv in the vicinity of…
axlobeli adj akin to sb, familiar
axlos(aa) adv close by,closely,near,in two
stone shots from some place
=gavs(dgas/kavSirSia)
resembles, is closely associated with sth
~stiliT sth is close in style to sth
~Zalian adv (in)close proximity,at doorstep
axo(ix.saaxoe) n the clear land,slash-burn
clearing
axsna v n clarify/clarification,clue,explain/explanation,interpret(ation),illuminate(ion),
elucidate
~arasworad v n misinterpret(ation)
~axleburad v n re-interpret(ation)
axsovs v remembers,retains
axsenebs v reminds
~vinme vinmes/rames v mentions
ajagruli adj bristled up
ajamebs v summarise(s),sum(s) up
ajanyeba v n revolt against,rebel(lion),mutiny,insurrection
ajanyebis mowyoba v be in revolt, rise in rebellion against
~Sekaveba v coercion
~CaxSoba v n suppress(ion)
ajanyebuli n adj v insurgent, rebel
ajoba(ix.jobnis) v superior to sb/sth,emulate,get upper hand,overcome,preponderate
b
babilo(ix. maRlari) n arbor
babTa n band, bow,stole,ribbon
babuawvera(si) n adj dandelion,taraxacum
baga n crib,manger,trough
bage=tuCi/bagis n lip
~safari n
~ cover
bageti n corner-and-base moulding
bagini n altar,temple,sanctuary
baginTmZarcveli n sanctuary robber
bagiri(s) n adj tow-rope
baguri adj stalled
badagi(s) n adj must
badaxSi(s)=lali(s) n adj ruby
bade/badis n adj net
~TevzsaWeri n siene
~ ~ tvirTebi n pl usu. weights
~kvadratebis n grid
~sakidebi n pl stone weights
~ ~ tyviis n pl leads,net sinkers
~saqsovi n warp
~saqsov dazgaze gadaWimuli weighted
warp
~ujredi n mesh
=cxrili n networks
badisebri adj netted
badro(s) n sing/pl Lat. discus/disci
mtyorcneli n discus thrower
badura adj
latticework,meshy,network
bavSvi n child,immature
=Cvili n infant
=ZuZuTa n suckling
= 4 wlamde n juvenile
bavSvis gaCena v give birth
bavSvobis wlebi n pl (in) formative years
baza n base(line)
bazari/bazris n bazaar,fair,market
~rigi n booth
~samomxmareblo consumer ~
~Canasaxovani burgeoning ~ ~
bazilevsi=basilevsi n sing/pl Lat. basileius/basilei
bazilika n sing/pl Lat basilica/basilicae
~erTnaviani single-nave chapel
~orabsidiani
two-apse ~
16
~or/sameklesiani two/three church ~
~wyvilabsidiani
twin-apse ~
bazilikuri adj basilican
bazisi n sing/pl Lat basis/basisi,base(line)
bazo n edge
~detalze edge trenching
bazroba n fair, flea market
bazrobis dRe(8 dRian kviraSi) n sing/pl
Lat. nundium/nundini
baTqaSi(s) n adj v ger mortar grout,plaster(ing),staff
~TabaSiris
plastering gypsum
~Tixis=alizis
grout
~wyalgaumtari
hydraulic grout
~xvinWanarevi pebble-dash
=xsnari
staff
baTqaSis pirveli/uxeSi fena rough coat
of plaster,pebble-dash
baia(mcenare) n cowslips=Primula veris,marsh-marigold=Calta palustris
~mindvris n adj buttercup=Ranunculus
acris (Lat)
bakani n wash-basin
~kusi n adj tortoise-shell
baki n pen
~wylis n cistern,tank
balani/balnis(ix.ZaZa) n adj hair
balaxeuloba n herbage,herbs
balaxi(s) n adj grass
~safari n herbage
~Rero n blade
balaxoba v graze
baldaqini n canopy; sing/pl Lat. ciborum/
ciboria
balzami(s) n adj balsam
balTa/balTis n adj buckle,buckle-loop,belt-clasp
~ena n tongue
~kauWi n chape
~rkali n loop
~fexsacmlis n shoe-buckle
~qamris n belt-fastening
bali/blis n adj cherry
balianoba(miwisZvris) n force,point
baliSi n cushion,pillow
~micvalebulis n head-stone
~cxovelis TaTis n pad
balustra(da) n baluster,balustrade
bambuki(s) n adj cane
banaki n camp,stopping place
~gaSla v set up a campA
bani(ani)(ix.saxuravi) n adj flat-roof(ed)
= xma maRali bass
= ~ dabali baritone
baJi(s) n adj dues,tax(a)
~akrefa/daweseba v n tax(ation)
~gadaxda v n pay(ment)
~ ~ naxiriT animal taxa
baraTi(ix.werili) n letter
barambo(si) n adj borage=Borango officinallis Lat.
baraqiani adj abundant
barbarosi n barbarian
barbarosuli adj barbaric,barbarous,butchery
barbotini n barbotine, ivy leaves
barda/bardis n adj pie=Pisum Sativum Lat.
bareliefi n bas-relief
bari=niCabi n spade
=dablobi n dale,lowlands
barispiri n blade
=siRrme spade‟s depth
bartyi n birdy
barZayi(s)(ix.Zvali) n adj thigh
barZayisa adj femoral
~da menjis SeerTebis adgili n hip
barji n fish spear, harpoon
basri n keen, sharp, subtle
bastioni n bastion,rampart
batkani=kravi n lamb
~saRvTo n sacral ~
bati n goose
frTa n goose-quill
batisti(s)(fr)
n adj cambric, lawn
batiyela n goose-neck; ogee; sing/pl
Lat. cuma/cumae
~rvianis formis cuma reversa=ogee
moulding
~swori sinuous profile=cuma recta curve
batonkacoba v n dominate/domination
=xalxi n pl usu. nobles
baton-patroni n sb a complete master of
sb/sth
batoni n lord, master,overlord
~cxovelTa ruler of beasts
batoniSvili(ix.ufliswuli vaJi/qali) n
infant(a),prince(ss)
batonoba v n dominate(ion), exercise dominance,primacy,reignhold command over…
~diplomatiaSi exercise in diplomacy
~dampyroblis n supremacy
~vinmesi n (over)lordship of sb
~ucxo foreign domination/rule
batonobis gaZliereba v exert hegemony
17
over sb
~qveS adv fall under domination/rule
batonymoba n serfdom
gauqmeba v abolish ~
baqanze adv onto terrace(s)/platform(s)
baqanTa rigi n benches,series of level platforms/terraces
baqani n dais,footing,lending,platform,substructure,terrace,tiere
baqiaoba v brag about
baqnebad danawevreba v make series of level
platforms,spill off into terraces,terrace
~danawevrebuli leveled platforms,terraced
baqnebiani adj steppd, tiered
baqnebis rigi series of terraces
baqnis sayrdeni kedeli terrace wall
baqteriuli adj bacterial
baRi n garden
~ xilis n orchard
baRCa n dooryard
baZgi(s)(mcenare)
n adj holly,Ilex gen. Lat
bawari/bawris n adj rope,stringe,tench
~grexa n v twine
be=windi n gage
begqondara(si) n adj thyme, Satureia hortensis=Thumus Lat.
bebia n grand-mother
bebiaqali n midwife
begara n assessment
~fuladi quit rent
~SromiTi ervice rent, covree (Fr)
begiauri(s) n adj cleaver=Galium aparine
begqondara(si) n adj thyme=Thumus=Satureia hortensis (Lat)
bedi(ix.danaTvla) n destiny,fate,fortune
~gaiziara suffer the same fate
bediswera n destiny,doom,fate, Providence
beladi
n
leader
~gvaris clan ~
~tomis
chieftain, tribal chief
beladoba n chiefdom
belvederi n pinnacle
beli n cub,whelp
belti(s)=kordi(s) n adj turf
belRari=akveduki n Lat. aquaduct(us)
bema n bema
beJva v crumple
beri n mendicant,monk
~gadamdgari renounced monk
~dayudebuli n anchorite,hermit,recluse
~meklituri n sacrist
~mesawole n chamberlain
~mefsalmune n psalm reader, olonn
~meWurWle n sacrist,treasurer
~momxre(kaci/qali) n votary/votaress
=moxuci n old
~mwiri(kaci/qali) n monk/nun
beris gakreWa v unfrock
berketi n v level
beroba(ix.aRkveca) n monastism
berobaze uaris Tqma v n renunciate(ion)
berZenTmoyvare=filenisti n adj
philhellene
berZnul(i) adj pref
Graeco=Greco
berwi adj barren
betoni(s) n v adj concrete
~Casasxmeli CarCo ficris n shattering
beReli(ix.qveyana) n barn-shed,corn barn,
garner,granary
=xaro casemate
bewveuli n peltry ware
bewvi(s)(ix,balani,tyavi) n adj hair
~mosasxami n stole
~cxovelis n adj fur
~cveTa v shed
beWdva v ger (re)print(ing),type(ing)
~stamburi v ger print(ing)
~fotosi v ger produce(ing)
beWedi(ix.damRa) n (finger)ring,ringlet,cachet
(Fr)
~brtyeli n hoop
~Tvliani finger-ring set with an inset
~sabeWdavi n seal/signet ring
~samefo/saxelmwifo n Great(Privi,State)
Seal
~Sekiduli hanging/tied up finger-ring
beWdis axsna(ix.ganamtkica)
v
unseal
~adgili locus sigili Lat.
~dasma v affix a seal,authrnticate,(put a)
stamp
~Tvalbude n mount for an inset,setting
~Tvali n gemstone,inset,insertion
~Tvlis CarCo n (in)band
~ ~
Casma v insert, mount in
~mcveli=mordari n keeper of the State
Seal,refendary
~rkali n ring
~faraki(termini momawoda d. kaWaravam
1982 w.) n bezel
beWduri wera v ger write(ing) in block
capitals
bejiTad adv diligently,hard,painstakingly,steadily
~damuSavebuli
sty treated elaborately
18
hard-working,painstaking,studious
bza/bzis n adj box, willow
bzari n cleft,crack,fissure
~Tixaze n crack, flaw
~kedelze n chink
~liTonze n chap, flaw
~minaze n crack
~qvaze n flaw
bze/bzis n adj chaff,shale,straw
bzoba n
Palm Sunday
bzobis kvira n Palm week
bzinva(re) adj v gleaming,glossy, sheen
~tyviisebri galena
~foladis n gloss, metal-burnish(ing)
bzinvareba n sheen
~tyviisebri galena
bibilo n lobe
~mamlis n crest
biblia n (the) Bible/Scriptures
bibliis mcodne n sb versed on the Bible/
Scriptures
~nawili,romelic xmamaRla ikiTxeba
wirvisas
n
lesson
~simfonia n reference (of) the Bible
~wignebi Zv.aRTqmis
Books of the Old
Covenant, Scroll(s)
~ ~ axali aRTqmis Books of the New
Covenant
bibliografia n bibliograohy, literature
~yovlismomcveli exhaustive ~
bigi(s)
n adj tent-pole,timber
bivrili=bivriti=berili(s)(ix.akvamarini)
n adj beryl
bikonusuri adj bicone/biconical
biliki n alley(lane,path,track)way,chare,foot
path
~mTis n bargh,a path sloped up/down hill
~sacalfexo n foottrack
~Zelis/Zeluri n log-paved path
~xeobaSi n defile
bilwi adj vicious
bimetali(s)/bimetaluri n adj bimetal(lic)
bina n accommodation,apartment,flat,home,
housing,residence,settling,settlement
binadari
n inhabitant,resident,settler
binadroba n v home,house,reside
binadruli(ix.cxovreba) adj settled
binebad danawevreba v compartmentalize
bipiramiduli adj bipyramidal
birTvi n ball,bulk,core;nucleus/nuclei Lat
~sabrZolo
fighting weight
bejiTi
adj
biskviti n biscuit
bisoni(s) n adj byssus
bitumi(s) n adj bitumen
biurokratia n bureaucracy
biusti n bust
=mkerdi n bossom
biZgi(s) n v impuls,impetus behihind sth,
spark,spur to sth,stimulus,trigger
~mimcemi provoking(stimulating/treggering) factor
~ramac azri dabada v n induce(ment)
~ramis spur on by sth
biwiereba n profanity
bijgi n prop,strut
biji n spacing,pitch
= nabiji n step
blagvi adj blunt,pointless
blanti adj boggy, sticky
bliskini n moat
bloki(qvis/xis) n block
blokireba v block,seal off
blomad adv plentiful(ly)
blumingi v ger bloom(ing)
bma nagebobis nawilebis v n reinforce
(ment)
bneli adj dark,murky,obscure,shadowy
~saqmeni
hole and corner
bneliT mosili in/is mystery, mysterious,
shrouded
bogiri n bridge
~Celtis road of brushwood
bokveri n cub, whelp
boli/bolva n v smoke
bolo adj the end(ing)/last,final
~gaxsnili loose end
~dartyma final blow
~safexuri/faza closing stage,final phase
~saxe final form
sul ~ hindermost
=ukana tail end
=ukanaskneli the last, ultimate impuls
~wertili tail end
wvetiani ~ cusp
~wlebi final years
boloze wamosacmeli terminal mounting
bolSi gamoyvana
v ger smoke(ing)
bomoni n altar, temple
=cecxlis taZari fire altar
borani n ferry(boat)
boranjo(si)=kitrisuna(si)=saro(si) n
adj borange=Borango gen. Lat.
borbali=Tvali(ix.urmis,RvTis) n wheel
19
~kbilebiani toothed ~ ; cone-peg
borbliani adj wheeled
~transporti n vehicle
bordiuri n Fr. bordure,kerb
borkilebi n pl bonds
borkili n fetter, gives,shackle
boroti adj cruel,evil,malignant, wicked
~vinme n serpent
~suli n malignant d(a)emon(s),incubus/
incubu sing/pl Lat.
~ ~ mouvlino inflict evil on sb
borcvi(ix.samarxis)n hill(lock),knap,knill,rise
~bunebrivi natural eminence
~vulkanis lavis shield volcano
~xelovnuri
artificial hill
~xeluxlebel in the native state
borcvqveS(a) adv adj beneath the mound
boseli n animal/cow shed,barn,byre,cattlehouse
bostani n kitchen garden
boyvi n bast,basket,punnet
boZali n prick
boZeba v award, confer, grant
~saxelosi v belt
~titulis v dub
~wodebis v estate investiture
boZi n block,chock,pole,pillar,post,shaft,stanchion
deda/Sua ~ king post
~Tavisuflad mdgomi detached point
karvis sayrdeni ~ n tent-pole
boZkinti n stake
boWko(vani) n adj fibre,fibrous,filament
~xis n grain
bJutva v adj smoulder(ing)=smolder(ing)
brali n fault
braldeba v n accuse/accusation, claim upon
braqikrani n brachycranium
braqikranuli adj brachycranial
brawixe/xis (mc) n adj Spiraea Lat.
brbo n crowd, flock, mob, throng
brilianti(s) n adj diamond
briyvi adj ignorant
brinjao(ix.naleqi)
n bronze
~anTimoniani
antimony ~
~dariSxaniani arsenic/arsenious ~
~kalamcire
little tinned
~kalauxvi
high tinned ~
~kaliani
tinned/stannous ~
~klasikuri classical ~
~sarkisebri plate-glass ~
v adj
bronze(d)
brinjaos kultura Bronze culture
~mdnobeli/Camomsxmeli bronze caster/
worker
~naleqi n patina
~nivTebi
bronzes,bronzework
~sartyeli n bronze belt-plate
~swavlebani Bronze Studies
~fulamdeli funqcia pre-monetary function of ~
brinjaosgan/brinjaosi adj (in) bronze
brma adj blind
brmad mibaZva copy slavishly
broli(s)(ix.mTis) n adj cut glass
brtyel-amoburculi adj planoconvex
brtyelTava adj flat headed/topped
brtyeli adj even,flat,level,plain, platy
brtyelmkerdiani adj flat-chested
brtylad dawyobili laid flat
brunva(ix.fuli) v n adj circle over,circucirculate(ion),revolve around,turn(ing)
~detalis v pivot
~RerZze v n rotate/rotation
bruni(ix.naxevar)
n ger turn(ing)
brZaneba v n command,order; sing/pl Lat.
edictum/edicti
brZanebiT/brZanebulebiT adv under the orders,by sb‟s orders
brZanebis gacema v order,(relay) command
brZanebuleba(eklesiis/mefis) n v creed,
decree
brZeni n adj wise
brZenkaci n ancient, wise man
brZmedi n blast,forge,furnace
brZnuli adj quaint, wise
~gamonaTqvami n adage
brZola n v battle,clash,combat,fight(s),fight
(a battle),struggle,warfare
~aragadamwyveti indecisive war
~gadarCenisaTvis battle(fight/struggle)for
survival
generaluri ~
decisive battle
~vinmes/ramis winaaRmdeg battle(ing) sb,
Campaign against sb/sth
mTavari ~
battle royal
=omi warfare
~omSi(ix.omi) serve in the war
~patiosani straight fight
=Cxubi n v fight
~cxare tough battle
~xelCarTuli hand to hand fight
brinjaoTi dafarva/dafaruli
20
brZolaSi adv in combat/fight
~gamowveva v defy
~dacema vinmesi fall on battlefield
~ ~ qalaqis/qveynis the fall
brZolebs Soris Sesveneba n truce
brZolis veli n battle-field,plain
~iaraRi n weapon
~velze dacema fall on battlefield the fall
~ ~ marodieri(Fr) n v salvage
~miReba v accept a battle
~mogeba v gain a battle
~Sewyveta armistice
brwyinva v sheen, sparkle, star
brwyinvale adj brightest,brilliant,celebrated,
gorgeous,luminous,marvelous,splended
~ostatoba superb workmanship
~Svideuli
Easter Week
brwyinvaleba n brilliance,luster,resplendence,splendour
vinme
sb‟s excellence/lordship
brwyinvaled adv splendidly,superbly
brWyalebi(teqstSi) n pl quotes=quotation
marks
brWyali n claw
brWyviala
adj sparkling
bude(ix.tyavis) n casing,housing,mortise,
nest,pod,rebate,sheath,slo
~detalis Casasmelad n slot
~revolveris n holster
~Sverilis/wkiris n mortise
budeSi Casma v accomodate
~Casmuli adj accommodated,embedded/
imbedded,inserted,secured,set in
buera(si)(mcenare) n adj butterbur=Patasites gen. Lat.
buzmenti n stripe
buki n trumpet
bula n bulla,docket
bule n bula; sing/pl Lat. bule/bulae
bumberazi n adj
giant, great, huge
bumbuli(s)
n adj feather
~nawarmi
n featherwork
bunagi n den,kennel, lair
bundovaneba n distraction, grey area,obcurity
bundovani adj ambiguous,faint,indefinite,mat,
obscure,sketchy,unclear,unrestrived,alusive,blurred,fugitive,shadowy,vague
bundovnad adv ambiguously,plainly,scarcely
vaguely
buneba n landscape,nature,scenery
~guluxvi adj n benevolent/benevolence
~dazianebuli broken nature
~vinmesi/ramisa nature of sb/sth
zerele ~
cursory nature
~iZleva v nature provides
~rTuli intricate nature
~usiamo/civi bleak landscape
~Sesaferisi ramisTvis n hospitable lands
=xasiaTi n nature
~xeluxlebeli in the native satate
bunebaSi=Tavisuflad adv on the loose
bunebiT... adv by nature of sb/sth
bunebis...
…of nature…
~Zalebi n pl elements
bunebrivad adv by birth,naturally
bunebrivi adj artless,born,by birth,inborn,
indigeneous,innate,native,natural,plain
~gadarCeva v survive
~dacva
natural defence
=Tandayolili indigeneous
=TviTnabadi organic
~movlenebi natural elements
~niWi
native wit
~pirobebi natural condition(s)
~pirobebis zegavlena
exposure
~resursebi
natural resource(s)
~Semcveloba (high/low)natural consentration of sth in sth
=xeluxlebeli sth in the native state
buni(ki) n bush,plug,shoe,stock
bunis qva n support
bunioba n Midsummer‟s day, solstice
burbuSela(xis) n pl shavings
burTisebri adj ball-shaped
burTula n ball
burusi(ani) n adj mist(y)
burusiT mosili adj clouded by, obscure
burRva v ger bore(ing),drill(ing),pierce(ing)
burRi n auger, burin, drill
~patara microburin
burcobi n swelling
burji(ix.sivrce) n buttress,pile,pier,stronghold
~kedlis
wall-supporting post
~Senobis
support-bearing post
~xidis
(bridge) pier
buteroli Fr. n bouterolle
butko n pistil, stamen
buRa
n bull
cxviris rgoli n nose-ring
~wylis n bittern=Botaurus stellaris Lat.
buSti liTonSi/minaSi n bubble, blister
buCqi(ix.xe) n bush,shrub
buCqnari n bushes, brushwood
21
~tyeSi n coppice,young forest,bushy
buxari n fire(place)
buxris gverdiTi kedlebi n pl jambs
~Taro hob
~nivTebi n pl fire-irons
~Sida Taro n hob
bWe n door, gate(way)
bjenebiani TaRi/kamara corbelled arch
bjeni(s)(ix.sabjeni) n adj console,corbel,pier
~TaRi/kamara
corbel arch
bjeniani adj corbelled/corbelling
gabrtyelebuli adj flattened
gabrZoleba v make an attempt to hold/
keep
gabrwyineba v star
gabundovaneba n v blur
gaburRva v ger drill(bore,pierce)(ing)
gaburRuli adj pierced
gagdeba v n bunish from some place,expel,expulsion,get sb out,remove
gageba v n perceive/perception
~Canafiqris v apprehend
gagzavna v n dispatch, send, transmit/
transmission
~vinmesi raime mizniT v rout
~fostiT v (e-)mail, post
gagrZeleba v n continue/continuity,continuation,extend,go(hold/keep)on,pursue,last
ar/ver~ v n discontinue,discontinuous
(ness)
~ufro didxans v out last
~Zveli Cvevis carry over sth
gagrZelebuli adj continued, continuing
gadaadgileba v n dislocate(ion),displace
(ment),move to,replace(ment),shift of sth,
travel,transmit/transmission,transfer(ing),
traction,portability,mobility
axali ~ a new shift of sth(eg evidence)
mosaxleobis ~ population shift
kulturis/formis v n transmit/transmission
~teqtonuri filebis n upheaval
gadaadgilebuli adj dislocated,displaced,
replaced,shifted,transmitted,offset
gadabargeba n adj
logistics, logistical
gadabeWdva v ger ropy(ing),re(type)(ing)
gadabma v n ger bind(bond,bridge,link,join,
tie)(ing),linkage
uwyveti ~
v ger dovetail(ing)
gadabmis ganiva tie-rod beam
~detali n binding piece
~RerZi liTonis tie-rod
gadabmuli adj bound,bridge(join,link)(ed)
gadabruneba v invert,turn over/upside down
gadabrunebuli adj inverted, turned over/
upside down
gadabugva v burn down
gadabuguli adj burnt down
gadagdeba v throw away
gadagdebuli adj thrown away
gadagvareba v n degenerate/degeneration,
degrade/degradation
gadagvarebuli adj degenerate/degrade(d)
g
become human,humanify
humanification,humanize
gaadamianebuli
adj humanized
gaafTrebuli adj tough
gaaRmosavlureba v n ger Orientalize(ion)
(ing)
gaaRmosavlurebuli adj Orientalized
gabatoneba v n (pre)dominate(ion),exercise
dominance
gabatonebuli adj (pre)dominant,
~mdebareoba commanding position/view
~rameze hold command over sth
~srulad(yvelgan,Zalze) overvelmingly
dominant
gabawvra/gabawruli v string along
gabedva v dare,endeavour,make an effort,venture(s)
gabedulad adv boldly,courageously,vigor
(ous)ly
gabeduleba n bravery,endeavor,prowess,vigour
gabeduli adj bold,brave,daring,intrepid,proud head,facy,venture,vigor(ous)
gaberva v ger blow(ing)
~ambis v belly sth
gaberili(ix.naberi) adj blown, swollen
gaberZnuleba v n Hellenize(ation)
gaberZnulebuli adj Hellenized
gabzarva/bzari v n crack
gabzaruli adj cracked,flawy, spung
gabneva v n disseminate(ion),dispersal of
sth,disperse among,disseminatein number of sth,scatter about/over,strew across
TviT ~ selfdisperse/dispersal
gabneulad adv sparsely,strewn across sth
gabneuli adj dispersed,disseminated,scattered,setter about/over,strewn
~mSenebloba rambling building
gabrtyeleba v ger flatten(ing)
gaadamianeba
v n
22
gadagrexa v ger bend/twist(ing)
gadagrexili(ix.adgili) adj bent
~erTmaneTze adj twisted
gadadgma v n move/put aside
~nabijis v take step
~xelaxla v n rearrange(ment)
gadadgmuli adj moved/put aside,rearrang
ed
gadadgoma v n retire(ment),resign(ation),
quit on,step aside/down
~mefis
v n abdicate/abdication
~ ~ vinmes sasargeblod ~ in favour of sb
gadadeba v delay,defer,postpone,put off until
a late time
~gverdze v put/set aside
gadadis v sth moves onwards to/runs into
~raime rameSi
sth passes into sth
~saukune/weli saukuneSi/welSi-N turns
to N
gadadnoba v ger smelt(ing)
gadavardna xelisuflebis v extinguish
gadavarcxna v comb
~ukan ~ back,sweepback (hair)
gadavla v ger cross(ing)
~Semoseuli mtris v march upon,override
sth,sweep across
gadavleba Tvalis v take a look at sth
gadazidva v ger n carry(ing),transport(ation)
shipment
~sazRvao sth sea-borne
gadazrda rameSi v grow/invigorate into
gadazrdili adj grown into
gadaTariReba(ix.TariRi)
v ger change
the date,redate(ing)
gadaTariRebuli adj redated
gadaTeTrebuli naweri n fair copy
gadaTxra/gadaTxrili v adj turn(ed) up
gadaiylapa(qveyana) v tuck(ed) away (with)
gadakeTeba v n alter(ation),change,convert/co
nversion,modernize(ation),modify/modification,rearrange(ment),recreate(ion),redecorate(ion),(re)(design,fashion,model,work)
reshape,restructure(ation),rebuild,transform
(ation),turn into sth
gadakeTebuli adj altered,changed,converted,,modernized,rearranged,modified,recreated,redecorated,redesigned,refashioned,remodeled,transformed,remade,
rebuilt,turned into sth
gadaketva v tap (into sth)
gadakecva v bend over,fold,turn
~zeviT v turn up
~qveviT v
~ down
gadakecili adj bent over,turned up/down
gadakveTa v cross,cut, traverse the area
~ori ramis v n intersect(ion)
~urTierT v cross/intersect each other/
one another
~quCebis n crossroads,intersection,junction
~jvaredinad v n criss-cross
gadakocna jvaredinad v oath-taking
gadalaxva v cross,pass over,overcome an
ordeal,subdue,surmount
gadalesva v seal,smear,topcoat
gadalesili adj sealed, smeared,topcoated
gadamdgari adj retired,resignated,quitted on
gadamdnari adj smelted
gadameteba v exceed
gadametwrToba v ger overtemper(ing)
gadametwrTobili adj overtempered
gadamzadeba v n transform(ation)
gadamkveTi adj crossing,intersecting each
other/one another
gadamrCeni adj salvation
~adamiani n rescuer
gadamtani n carrier,carrying,transmitter
gadamuSaveba v convert to,make/work into,
(re)make(cycle/work)
~xelaxla v ger re-make/shape(ing)
~naSromis ~ v ger re-cast(ing)
gadamcemi n transmitter
gadamweri n scribe
gadamwvari adj burnt down,overburnt
gadamwyvetadadv determinative,pronouncedly
gadamwyveti adj crusial,decisive,deciding,
determinative,firm,key,resolute,vigorous
~dartyma crusial blow,vital
~movlena key event
~momenti/niSani decisive point in/for
~niSani decisive point in/for…
~roli decisive role
~sityva the final say
~Zegli
crusial site
~xma
casting/deciding vote
gadamWreli adj absolute,deciding,decisive,
definite,determined,firm
gadanakeci n fold
gadanatexi(ix. T.W) n break,fragment
gadanayari adj cast(s), reject(ed)
gadanacvleba v n dislocate(ion),displace
(ment),shift,travel
~urTierTdakavSirebuli associated
shifts in sth
gadanacvlebuli adj dislocated,displaced,
shifted
23
gadanawileba v n re-aliot(ment),re-distribute
(ion),re-assign,re-divide/division
gadanaxva reserve sth for sb/sth
gadapranWuli
adj
florid,spectacular
gadarecxva v n denude(ation),(under)cut/
mine
gadarecxili adj denuded
~wyliT adj water-worn
gadarTva ramidan rameze switch from…to...
gadarCeva v n classify/classification,select
(ion)
~uvargisis v ger cull(ing)
gadarCeuli adj selected,selective
gadarCena v n rescue sb/sth from sth,keep
safe,retrieve/retrival,salvage/salvation,
save,survive/survival,surviving,endure,
preserve,shed(ing)
~uzrunvelyo ensure survival
gadarCeniTi adj rescue/salvage operation
gadarCenili adj kept safe,rescued,saved,
survived/surviving
gadarCenis mizniT adv with salvage aim
gadarwmuneba v argue out of sth
gadasasvleli n corridor,cross, pass
gadasatani adj portable
~advilad sth of easy carriage
gadasafarebeli n cover, ceiling
~sakurTxevlis n vestment
~saceremonio ceremonial cover
gadasaxadi n charge(s),contribution(s),duty,
due(s),fee,impost,payment,tax,toll
~erT sulze (pay)a polltax, fee
gadasaxadis amoqmedeba v enact (the) tax
(ation)
~gauqmeba
abolish the tax
~dadgena v n enact(ion)
~dakisreba v n impose(ition) the tax
~daweseba v exact, levy
gadasaxadisgan gaTavisufleba v exempt,
remit
~Tavisufali free from/of charge,taxfree
gadasaxedidan.... adv from (eg Greek) perspective
gadasaxleba v n deport(ation),displace/reset
tle(ment)migrate(ion)
gadasvla v n migrate(ion),mobility,moving,
shift,transmit/transmission,disgression
gadasinjva v n overlook,reconsider(ation),rerevise/revision
gadasinjuli adj overlook(reconsider,revise)
(ed)
gadasuli erTimeoreze/erTmaneTze adj
clinker built,overlapping/ridden
erTmaneTze ~ boloebi (sth with) the
ends intermingled
gadatan-gadmotana v carry(take/transport)
from one place to another,carrying,transtrffic(ing),porting
gadatana v ger n carry(ing),carriage,convey,
displace(ment),endure,relocate(ion),
traction,,transfer(ing),transport(ation)
=gaZleba to weather (great) satback(s)
~yuradRebis divert attention from…to…
~xelaxla v re-install(ation)
gadatanili adj carried,conveyed,relocated,
transferred,transported
gadatvirTuli adj over loaded/weight
gadatixvra v n partition
gadatixruli adj partitioned
gadatrialeba v
turn down
~polit./saxelmw. n upheaval
gadaudebeli adj clamorous,expedient to
do sth,urgent,prompt
gadaudebliv adv (do sth) without delay
~Semowmeba sth cries out for testing
gadaulaxavi adj compelling,insurmountable,
unconquerable
~sirTuleebis Seqmna vinmesTvis v defy,
pose problem(s)
gadaurCa v survived
gadauwyveteli adj unresolved,unsettled
gadauWreli adj unresolved,unsolvable,unsolved,inextricable
gadafareba v cover sth with sth
gadafarebuli adj sth covered with sth
gadafarva v abolish,overlap/shadow,overlie,
span by
~zevidan v superimpose by sth
~erTmaneTis v overlap
~ramiT overlap sth wit sth
gadafaseba v n reappraise,reassess(ment),
revalue/revaluation
gadafxeka v peel off,scrape out
gadaqceva v n begin to become..,converse/
convert(ion),change into sb/sty,transform(ation),turn sth into sth
gadaReba v n adopt(ion),borrow,copy,share,
take from sb
~brmad copy slavishly
~formis v n pattern
~fotosi
v take a photo
gadaRma adv prep. across, beyond
zRvis ~
oversea(s)
mTis=piriqiTa cis Caucasus=north ~
gadaRobva v cut/partition off,fence in
gadayeneba v n dispose(ition),disposit(ion),
24
oust(ed)(er)
gadayvana v transfer
~xalxis pass over sb,human porterage
~ ~ gemidan gemze n transshipment
gadayra v discard,throw away
gadayrili adj discarded,thrown away
gadaSeneba v n come to an end, die out,extinct(ion),wither
gadaSenebis piras adv sth endangered
gadaSenebisagan xsna v save sb/sth from
extinction
gadaSla=waSla v delete,erase,obliterate
gadaSlili=waSlili adj delate(erase,obliterate(ed)
gadaCveva v give up, stop (doing) sth
gadacema v n convey,dispose/disposal,propagate,transmit/transmission,hand over,pass
~enis/informaciis convay
~zepirsityvierebis ~ from mouth to mouth
~ostatobis/xelobis skill passes on from
sb to sb
gadacvla v n exchange
gadacureba v ger slip(ing)
gadaweva v put/set aside, remove
gadawera v make a copy,re-write
~pirjvris v cross oneself
gadawva v burn to the ground,fire swept through, set on fire
gadawvdoma v span
gadawyveta v decide,(re)solve,way out
gadawyvetiT adv staunchly
gadawyvetileba n decision,(re)solution,perccept,determination,counsel,verdict
gadawyvetilebis miReba v decide,make a
a decision/decision making,pass a
resolution,resolve,settle
gadawyvetiT adv staunchly
gadawyvetili adj decided, solved
gadaWarbeba v exaggerate,exceed,overdraw in
sth
gadaWarbebiT adv predominately
~Sefaseba emphasize,overestimate,overstate
gadaWarbebulad adv overrepresented,predominately
gadaWarbebuli adj exaggerated,exceed
~morTuloba drastic/exuberant decoration/ornamentation
gadaWdobili adj tied together
gadaWimva (qargaze) v stretch
gadaWimuli teritoria stretches from…to..
gadaWra(ix.gaWra) v cut away
gadaxazva(ix.naxazis) v cross,delete,efface
gadaxda v n pay(ment)
~valis v n return the debt,repay(ment)
~sikeTisTvis
v n reward
~winaswar v n pre-pay(ment)
gadaxdis forma n form of payment
gadaxdisunariani adj
payable
gadaxedva v look through,overlook,reexamine/view,revise
gadaxveva v ger
twist(ing), wind(ing)
~xelaxla v ger re-wind(ing)
gadaxveuli adj twisted, winded
gadaxvna=aoSva v plough up again/over
gadaxlarTva v twist
gadaxra v n abnormality,anomality,bias,contrast,diverge/divergence,diversion,discrepancy,gravitate,incline(ation),lean
towards sb/sth,skew,slope,tend
gadaxrili adj leaning,incline(d),oblique(ly),
bent,slumping aside/down
~ukan/win bent backward/forward
gadaxrukuli adj hard-baked
gadaxsna(ix.gaxsna) v open,(un)cover(open,
seal,veil)
gadaxureba v ger overheat(ing)
gadaxurva(ix.saxuravi) v ger cap(cover
roof)(ing),span by,tile
gadaxurvis saSualeba means of coping/rofing
gadaxuruli adj cap (cover/roof)(ed)
gadaxCuebuli adj decrepit
gadajaWva v interwine/twist
gadajaWvuli adj intertwined/twisted
gadajvaredinebuli adj criss-cross,crossed,
crosswise
gadahyurebs v sth is facing sth,overlooks
~dablobs sth dominates(river)valley
gadideba v n amplify/amplification,enchance/
enlarge(ment)
gadidebuli adj enlarged
gadineba v flow away from…
gadis(ix.midis) v sth goes across/along,crosses,progresses,passes through,via…
=fanjara (mag.quCaze) (window) facing…
gadmodineba n v cascades
gadmokecili adj outturned, turned out
gadmokidebuli adj perched in/out,projecting out over sth
gadmonaSTi n holdover,relic(s),survival,survivor(s),vestige
gadmosxma v pour, tip
gadmotana v borrow,copy,derive,move
gadmotvirTva v ger unload(ing)
25
gadmofrqveva v cascade, pour out
gadmoReba v n adopt(ion), borrow
gadmoRebuli(ix.gadmotana) adj adopted,
alien,borrowed,dependent on (some)
model,derived
gadmoRma=piraqeTa pref. transCaucasus=south Caucasus
gadmoSverili adj overhanging
gadmocema v n record,render/rendition,story
~ambis v n interpret(ation),render/rendition
=daxatva v n ger render(ing)/rendition
~Temis/sakiTxis v n treat(ment)
=micema v ger give(ing)
=naweriT/teqstiT v n articulate(ion)
~naxati(suraTi/qandakeba) v n articulate
(ion), depict(ion),render/rendition
gadmocemis Tanaxmad adv it is clamed
that… story goes that…
~manera manner/way of rendition/treatment
gadmocemuli(a) v adj recorded
~wina Taobebidan
sth is heritaged…
gaelveba n a glimpse
~wamieri a snapshot of sth
gaemarTa=gaeSura v headed,marched,set
off to some place
gaerTianeba v n centralize/consolidate(ation)
of sb/sth,incorporate(ion) within,merge(nce),unify,unite,union,conjoint
~erT blokad absorb in block
~erT qveynad
unify as one state
~ramesTan
combine with sth
=SeerTeba v conflate
=Sekvra v conjoin
=CarTva v n incorporate/incorporation
~wevrad v n affiliate(ion) with sb
~xelisuflebis qveS unify under a rule
gaerTianebiT adv by the incorporation/mergence
gaerTianebuli adj centralize(consolidate,
conjoint,incorporate,join,unify,unite)(ed)
gaeSura v gear towards,head to,march,set off
to some place
gava(ix.Zvali) n sacrum
gavarvarebuli adj white-hot
gavleba sazRvris v border
~xazis v draw
gavlena v n affect,effect,impact,influence,
have a bearing/power on sb/sth,repercussion
gavleniani adj influential, prominent
gavleniT adv influenced,under the influence
gavliT adv by way of… via…
gavrceleba v n distribute(ion),disseminate
(ion),dispersal,diffusion,expance(ion),
expand,extend,introduce,prevelance,
proliferate(ion),expand,extend,propagate(ion),span,spread(ing) of
~gavlenis extend the influence
~gansxvavdeba nimuSebiT distribution is
different with examples
~droSi distribution in time
~sivrceze distribution/expand(ing) across
broad area(geographic/time expance)
~swrafi
rapid spread
~farTo wide distribution/expansion of sth
~farTod was dominant in sth/widely distributed,distribution of sth as widely
as possible
~yvelaze/yvelgan spread above all…
gavrcelebis (sa)zRvari line of distribution/
expansion
~areali/ruka distribution map/zone
~forma pattern of distribution
~formebi mechanisms of spreading
gavrcelebuli adj common,distributed,extending,prevalent,predominantspanning,
(wide)spread,sth appears to run through
~yvelaze most common
~Warbad sth (is) prevalent
gavrcoba v ger n branch(ing),expand,extent
(ion),radiate(ion),spread across,span(ing),broaden
~miwebis v extend lands
gavrcobili adj branched,extended,spread
across
gavs(ix.imeorebs,) v bear resemblance,copy,
duplicate,echo,is like(ned)/reminiscent,redolent of sth,resembles/resembling
gazavebuli(ix.wyliT) adj deluted
gazeTva v smear with
gazviadeba v n embellish(ment)
gazi(ix.Txisfexa) n pl usu. pliers,tongs
gaziareba v associate,impart,share,eliminate,
enjoy
gazomva v n measure(ment)
gazrda v n amass,enlarge(ment),exaggerate
expand,extend,grow,increase,raise,
scsle up
gazrdili(ix.zrda) adj advanced,enlarged,
extended,grown,increased
~zomaSi sth increased in size
~ramiT enhance by sth
gaTavadeba v ennoble
gaTaveba v end, finish
gaTaviseba v n absorb(tion),acquaint,adopt
26
(ion),acquire,become familiar with..,
bring in sth
gaTavisebuli adj acquired
gaTavisufleba v discharge,free/set free,give freedom,liberate(ation),release,rescue
~monobisgan emancipate,free
~tvirTisgan releave of load
~codvisgan absolve of sin
gaTavisuflebuli adj discharged,freed,liberated,released,rescued
~mona/yma n freedman
gaTamameba v be(come) bold
gaTanabreba v n align with sth,equate(ion)
sb/sth with sb/sth
gaTanabrebuli
adj
equated
gaTboba(ix.abano) v heat,make sb/sth warm
gaTeTreba v bleach,whiten
~kiriT v lime-wash
gaTeTrebuli adj bleached,whitened
~kiriT lime-washed
gaTelva v override sth
gaTvalva v bedevil,bewitch,put the evil eye
on…
gaTvaliswineba v n consider(ation),envisage,make allowance,heed,note,reckon,realize(ation),take(ing) into account,make allowwance
gaTvaliswinebuli adj considered,taken
into account(consideration/view)
gaTviTcnobierebuli adj knowledgeable
gaTvla v n calculate(ion),think out
ver ~ v n miscalculate(ion)
gaTla v ger hew(ing)
~raime nayofis v ger peel(ing)
~wveris/wvetis v ger sharpen(ing)
gaTlili adj dress(peel,sharpen)(ed),hewn
~kargad carefully dressed
~odnav dressed/hewn a little
~uxeSad roughly dressed/hewn,crudely curved,dressed
gaTxevadeba v liqueify
gaTxeleba v ger thin(ing)
gaTxova v call back, recall
gaTxra v ger dig(ing) up,disintere,excavavate(ion)(s),expose to view,uncover
~gadarCeniTi
rescue excavation(s)
~didi imedis momcemi excavation(s) of/
with rich perspectives
=iTxreba axlais currently under excavation
~intensiuri extensive(ly) excavate(d)(ion)
~sistemuri systematic excavation(s)
~xelaxla v n
re-excavate(ion)(s)
gaTxrebis gangrZoba v ger dig(ing) on,go
on digging/excavating
~mimdinareobisas during/through excavations
~Sedegad from/in the result of excavations
~Sedegebi excavation results
~Semdgom(i)
after/post excavations
~Catareba conduct/undertake excavations
~warmoeba carry on/out excavations
gaTxrebisas gamoCena v come to light,dismantle,expose,exposure
gaTxrebma gamoavlina excavations revealed,sth has emerged/yielded from excavations
~gviCvena excavations (have) demonstrated
(showed/yielded)
~daadastura excavations confirmed/evidenced
~
~ Zeglze
deposited on the site
gaigiveba v n assimilate(ion) to,associate
(ion) with,identify/identification with sth
~ramesTan v associate,equate. identify
gaigivebuli adj associated,equated,identified
gaidialeba v n idealize/idealization
gakafva v cut down bushes and trees
gakeTeba v devise,do,fashion,make,manufactu
re,produce,provide,craft,execute
~erTi naWrisagan make in one single piece
~raRaciT
make sth by/with sth
~xelaxla v anew,remake
gakeTebuli adj devised,done,fashioned frfrom sth,made,manufactured,produced,provided,crafted
gakeTilSobileba v n ger age(ing),ennoble
(ment),refine(ment)
gakeTilSobilebuli adj aged,ennobled,refined
gakvalva=gakvleva v feel(find,force,pave) a
way
gakvaluli adj rut
gakvirtuli adj budding
gakirva v ger whitewash(ing)
gakicxva v condemn,convinct, rebuke
gakontroleba v ger control(ing),command
~teritoriis take(over) of (eg.Georgia)
gakreWa(ix.beris)
v
cut,clip,share
gakrialeba v polish, (re)furbish
gakritikeba=ukmayofileba v castigate
gakultureba v n acculturate(ion),cultivate
(ion),culture,domesticate(ation)
gakulturebuli adj cultivated,cultured
galavanze sasiarulo biliki/gza battle-
27
mentt/rampart walk
~garedan midgmuli koSki tower projecting from the wall
galavani n fortress wall(ing),enclosing wall,en
enclosure,surrounding wall
~damcavi defencive/retaining wall(ing),fortification,rampart
~iaqTaRebiT adj buttressed
~qalaqis n city/town wall
~Zelebis n stockade
galavanSi CaSenebuli koSki n turret
galavniani adj fortified, walled
galavnis kedelSi saTofuri n crenelation,pigeon hole
~iaqTaRi n battress
~ ~
garedan n external ~
~ ~
TaRiani n arc boundant
~ ~
Signidan n internal battress
~kuTxeebSi koSki tower where the angle of
the wall changes
~qonguri n merlon
~Sverili zed asasvlelad n orillion
galamazeba v ger dress(ing),intersperse with
sth
galamazebuli adj dressed
galaSqreba v campaign in,march,ready to
to take the field,rise up against sb/sth
galeva/ganleva v ebb,start to wane,temper,
wipe off,wither
galeniti(s) n adj galena
galerea n gallery
~daxuruli n ambulatory,porch
galesva(ix.Selesva) v hone, whet
galewva v ger thresh(ing)
galewili(ix.qveyana)
adj
threshed
galife n riding breeches
galoba v sing hymns
gama(ix.ferTa) n gamut
gamagreba(ix.Semtkicebuli) v ger n buttress,entrench,fortify,harden,make stronger,reinforce(ment),strengthen(ing),toughten
~masis/xsnaris v ger concrete,harden(ing)
~cixis v n fortify/fortification
gamagrebuli(ix.masa) adj fix(fortify,harden,
reinforce,strengthen)(ed)
gamaerTianebeli adj centralizing,unifying
gamavali adj effluent, through.., via…
=gadahyurebs adj facing(eg street)
gamalebuli adj aspiring
gamamxnevebeli adj encouraging in…
gamanadgurebeli adj devastating,sweeping
~Tavdasxma v n depredate/depredation
gamaognebeli adj amazing,breathstaking,bewildering.embarassing,incredible,puzzling,startling,striking,daunting,dazzling
gamargvla v ger weed(ing)
gamarTva v arrange,organize,repair,set up,undertake,equip with installations
gamarTleba v n acquit(al),excuse,discharge
(ment),justify/justification,warrant
gamarTlebis moZebna v invent justification
gamarTlebuli(a) adj (is) acquitte(discharge,
justify)(ed)
gamarTulebeli adj complicating factor
gamarTuli(ix.adamiani) adj arrange(organize,repair,wellappoint)(ed),serviceable,
undertaken
gamartiveba v n facilitate,(over)simplify/simplification
gamartivebuli adj facilitated,oversimplified
gamarjveba v n carry the day,(win the)victory,resulting victory
Zviri/Zvirfasi ~ dearly-bought victory
gamarjvebis ganmtkiceba claim victory
gamarjvebuli adj victor(ious), winner
~saxiT
in the winning position
gamaspinZleba v n entertain(ment),host,regale,treat sb
gamaRizianebeli adj provoking
gamajansaRebeli adj curative,recreat(ion)
(ive)
gambedavi adj vigorous
gamgzavreba=wasvla n departure
gamge n head of, be in charge of sth
gamgrZelebeli(gvaris,saqmis) n successor
gamdidreba v n become rich,enrich(ment),ex
tend
~niadagis v fertilize
gameoreba v imitate,recurrent,repeat,revise
~ramis keTebis v n reiterate(ion)
gamefeba v n accession,become a king,enthrone(ment),(the)reign
gamzadeba v make ready
gamzadebuli adj ready(made)
gamzrdeli n educator,tutor
gamTxreli n excavator
gamiznulad adv intentionally, purposely
gamiznuli(a) adj concerned,designed,extend
ed,intended,purposeful/purposive
gamiri kuTxovani n crump
~nalisebri n staple
gamijvna v delimit,deliniate,draw the line between this and that
~mkveTrad sharp deliniation
28
gamijnuli adj delimited,deliniated
gamkeTebeli n creator,doer,maker
gamkveTreba v emphasise,pick out,sharpen
stress
gamkvriveba v ger become hard,harden(ing),
toughten
gamkvrivebuli adj hardened
gamklaveba v n handle, resist(ance)
~ mtris v stand out
gamo(isobiT) accordingly,because of sb/sth,
sth,on account of..,owed/owing to sth
gamoavlina v sb/sth revealed sth
gamoangariSeba v n calculate(ion),compute,
measure(ment), subtract
gamoaSkaraveba v ger appear(bring/come)
to light,manifest/reveal(ing),belie/bely sth
gamoaSkaravebuli adj brought to light,reveiled
gamoaCina v yield(ed)
gamoberili adj bulging
gamobrZmeda v ger harden(ing),temper(ing)
gamobrZmedili adj hardened,tempered
gamoburcva v protrude
gamoburculi adj convex,protruding,protuberrant,prominence
gamoburculoba n convexity,prominence,
protrusion
gamogoneba(ix.saxelis) v n contrive(ance),
devicse/device,invent(ion),notion
~gonebamaxviluri contraption invent
~xelaxla v n reinvent(ion)
gamogonili adj fabulous,fiction,imaginary,invented
gamodgeba v sth will fit(hold.serve,suite)(as) to
do sth
gamodevna(ix.gandevna) v sth replaces sth
gamodevneba v chase,persue(ing)
~nadirobisas v spy
gamodis(ix.ibeWdeba) v (it) appears/comes
out
gamodnoba(ix.dnoba) v extract,obtain,release
gamodnobiT adv by smelting
gamovlena v n bring/come to light,demonstrate(ion),reveal/uncover sth,yield,identify,evolve
~ostatobis display(high level of)skill
~Zalis tour de force
gamovlenili adj appeared,brought/come to
light,reveal(uncover,yield)(ed)
gamovlineba(ni) n pl manifestation(s) of sth,
gamozamTreba v ger hibernate, winter(ing)
gamoziduli adj projecting
gamozneqili adj convex,in relief,protuberant
gamoTavisufleba v disentangle
gamoTvla v n calculate(ion),
~wlebis v ger reckon(ing)
gamoTla v n curve(hew,shape,square,sculpture,trim)(ing),carve from,cut
=gadakeTeba v recut
gamoTlili adj curved,hewn,shaped,squared,sculptured,trimmed,carved,cut
gamoTqma v n designate,express(ion),pronoun
ce/pronunciation,provide an idea/opinion,put forward,state(ment),voice
gamoirCeva v distinctive,distinguished,defined,stands out
gamoiyeneba v sth is available/employed as..,
continues to be used,is used/is in use
as.., is practiced/utilized as..,serves as...
~farTod
increasingly used
gamoicnoba v sb/sth (is) identified by/as
gamoiwvia v caused(generated,triggered) sth
gamoixata raRacaSi sth result in sth
gamoixateba v is expressed,sth lies/results in
sth
gamokveTa v ger carve,curve,hew,model,sculpture,shape,stress,trim(ing)
~mkveTrad v clear-cut,deliniate,sharpen
focus
~ramis v ger shape(ing),strike off
~sakiTxis v delineate, highlight, stress
~teqstSi v mark(ing). pick out in black
~qvisgan v chip,knap,sculp
gamokveTilad adv definitely
gamokveTili adj carved,curved,cut,hewn,mo
deled,sculptured,shaped,stressed,trimmed
explicit,well-defined
~erTi naWrisgan
curved in one piece
~kargad/mkveTrad pronounced
~mTlianad curved in the round
gamokvleva v n examine(explore,observe(ation),investigate(ion),study,survey
gamokvleuli adj explore(investigate,study,
survey)ed
~kargad/cudad well/poorly served/studied
gamokverva v ger hammer(ing),shape(ing)
gamokverili adj hammered,shaped
gamokleba v n subtract(ion)
gamoleva v peter out
gamolocva v ger charm(ing),spell(ing)
gamomavali adj running away from…
gamomgonebeli n inventor
gamomgonebloba n ingenuity
gamomgonebluri adj inventive
gamomdinare adj coming/derived from,conesquential,emanating from,emergimg
29
from sth,hense,sth inferred
adv consequently
~raRacidan/raRacisgan emanating from...
gamomdinareobs v sth is deduced as followes,
sth derived from sth,sth results from sth
gamometyveleba(ix.saxis) n appearance,countenance,expression,mimic/miming
gamomzeureba v bring to light,recover
gamomJRavneba v bring out,make known,reveal
gamomricxavi adj exclusive
gamomsaxveli adj depicting,express(ing),featuring,impressive,portraying,reproducing
gamomsaxveloba n artristry,expression,expressiveness
gamomsaxvelobas matebs sth adds further
definition
gamomsaxvelobiTi adj concise,expressive,
eloquent,figurative,pithy
gamomsaxvelobis miniWeba v emphasize
gamomuSaveba v elaborate,provide,work out/up
gamomuSavebuli adj provided,worked out/
up
gamomSvidobeba n adj forwell,retirement
gamomSrali adj dried
~haerze adj air-dried
gamomcemeli n publisher
gamomcemloba n press,publishing house
gamomwvari adj baked,burnt/burned,kilned
~kargad well-baked/fired
~cudad poorly fired
gamomwvevi n challenging,provoking
~mizezi agent of sth,cause for,triggering factor
gamomxatveli n adj indicative/indicator
gamomjobineba v n recover(y)
gamonabolqvi n pl fumes
gamonagoni n imagery
gamonaTeba n pl gleams of… a glimpse of…
gamonaTqvamin adage,pronouncement,saying,
dictum/dicta n sing/pl Lat
gamonaklisi n adj exception(al), sth singular
gamonaklisiT adv with (few) exception
gamonaklisis gareSe adv without exception
gamonaklisoba n exclusivity
gamonaxva v find
~saerTo enis v find common ground
gamongreva v break open
gamorecxva(saZirkvlis/sayrdenis) v
(under)cut/mine
gamoricxva v exclude, ignore, omit, remove,
eliminate,rule out
gamorCeva v contrast,define,discern,distinguish
differentiate,distinct,reveal,winnow
~ramiT v distinguish by sth
~uvargisis v ger cull(ing)
~calke v differentiate
gamorCena n an act from mercenary motives
=gamoparva sth escaped sb
=gamotoveba v leave out
gamorCenili adj left out, omitted
gamorCeulad adv distinctively,exceptionally,
particularly,significantly
gamorCeuli adj distinctive,distinguished/distinguishing,delimited by,outstanding,
eminent,significant,unusual,contrasting,discerned by sth
gamorCeuloba n conspicuousness,distinctness,exclusivity/exclusiveness,significance
gamosadegi adj applicable,available,constructive,expedient,usable,useful,viable,
apt,suitable,conductive,serviceable
~nakleb less useful,little avail
gamosadegoba n usefulness,utilitarian,utility
gamosavali n issue,way out,path away from
sth
gamosavlianoba n output
gamosavlis moZebna v find an outlet in sth
gamosaTqmelad advili adj pronounceable
gamosaTxovari n farewell,funeral,parting
~sityva funeral oration
gamosakvlevi(a) v sth is a problem area,sth
must be still explored
gamosasyidi n ransom
gamosaqveynebeli(a) v sth still awaits (final)
publication
gamosaRebi n duty,payment,tax
gamosaCeni adj (sth is) presentable
gamosaxavs v depicts,expesses,mirrors,features,portrayes
gamosaxva v n depict(ion),feature,mirror,portray,render/rendition,reproduce/reproduction,express(ion),pattern
~grafikulad v figure
~mxatvrulad artistic expression
~wina planze show front-on
gamosaxvis manera n manner/way of rendering/rendition,treatment
~simkveTre n verve
~teqnika n technique of execution
gamosaxuleba n depiction,device,figure,(icon
image,imagery,impression,portrait/portrayal,reflection,rendition,reproduction,
representation
30
~anabeWdi n impression, imprint
~bundovani/gadRabnili splayed image
~grafikuli line drawing
~damaxinjebuli adj deform(distort,mutilate,warp)(ed)
~Tavis n representation of a head
~Tanmxlebi satellite image
~ikiTxeba v sth is properly faced/read
~kameasaviT qvaze portrayal
~mxatvruli artistic expression
~nakveTi ingraving(s)
~nivTze/scena a scene of… subject matter
~plastikuri representation
~portretuli pictorial representation
~religiuri religious expression
~reliefuri relief imprint
~sagnis n depiction (of sth)
~sarkismieri n reflection
~saxis facial expression(image,representation)
~skulpturuli
sculpture(d) image(s)
~sqematuri
diagrammatic depiction
~uxeSi crude image
~figuruli figurative
~frontaluri adj forefront
~qandakeba image of sb/sth
~welamde=welszeviT bust shot,representation up to the waist
~xazebiT/joxebiT stick figure(s)
~xazovani liniar representation
gamosaxulebani n pl imagery
gamosaxulebiT... adv sth depicting sth
gamosaxulebis amoSla(gadaxazva.waSla)
v afface
gamosaxuli adj depict(mirror,portray,represent,reproduce)(ed),shown,embodied
~daxvewilad/ostaturad elaborately patterned
~rogorc... sth depicted as…
~scena/scenebi sth bearing a scene of…
gamosvla v come out
~vinmes winaaRmdeg inveigh against sb
~krizisidan emerge from the crisis
gamoslvaTa(bibliis me-2 wigni) n (the)
Exodus
gamosyidva(ix.codvis) v n atone(ment),ransom
gamosworeba v n improve(ment),retrieve/retrieval,redress,correct
~Secdomis v rectify
gamosworebuli adj improved
gamosxiveba v n radiate(ion)
gamotana v bring forward,draw from,remove
~mzis sinaTleze v n expose/exposure
gamotexva v break open
gamotireba deplore one‟s inability to do sth
gamotoveba v n ignore,leave out,miss,omit/
omission,sth escaped sb
=gadaxtoma v pass over
gamotovebuli adj left out, omited
gamouvali adj bind sb with sth,desperate,hopeless,inextricable
gamouTqmeli adj expressless
gamoukveTeli adj unrestricted
gamoukvleveliadj undiscovered,unexplored
gamousadegari adj impracticable,insignificant
unwanted,uselwss,worthless,irrelevant
incongruous with sth,unavailable,unsui
table,sth is no help in sth,intangible
gamousadegroba n disadvantage(s),imponderables
gamousworebeli adj ill-suited for..,irrecoverable
gamouqveynebeli adj sth still awaiting publication,unpublished
gamouyenebeli adj disused
gamoucdeli adj inexperienced,novice,unskilled,suckling
~vinme n suckling
~vinmes gakeTebuli inexpertly done
gamoucnobi adj enigmatic,mysterious,uncommon,unknown
gamouwvavi adj
unbacked
gamofena v n display,exhibit(ion),exposition,
layout,parad of..,show
~grZeldeba exhibition runs from…until…
~kargi
well appointed display/exhibition
~moZravi traveling exhibition
~mudmivmoqmedi continuous display/exhibition
~muzeumSi (be on) display,material on show
gamofitva v ger drain,dry(ing),weather(ing)
exhaust,deplete(ion)
~adamianis v adj prostrate
gamofituli adj dried,prostrated,weathered,
exhausted,depleted
gamofuturoeba/gamofuRuroeba v holow
gamoqandakeba v ger model/sculpt(ure)(ing)
gamoqandakebuli adj modeled,sculptured
gamoqarva v ger weather(ing)
~advilad sth subject to ~/suffered from ~
gamoqvabuli=qvabi n cave,cavern,cavity,
hollow,rock shelter
~sacxovreblad living rock,rock shelter
~xelovnuri n grotto
31
gamoqveyneba v n ger publish(ing),publication
gamoqveynebuli adj advertised, published
gamoqna v ger form/trim(ing)
gamoqnili adj form/trim(ed)
gamoqomageba v n defend(ance), protect(ion)
gamoRviZeba v dawn, revive
gamoRma adv at this bank, cis…
gamoyenebav n apply to,accept(ance),embrace,
employ(ment),exploit(ation),put into
practice,use,usage,in use,utilize
~meoradi adj secondary use
~mravalferovani multifarious use
~samxedro military use
~sruli full use
~sxvadasxva sth of intermediate use
~terminis use a term
~farTo developed use,use sth widely,increasingly used
~SezRuduli restricted use of sth
~Sewyda sth ceased to be used
~xelaxla recycle,reuse,repeated use
gamoyenebis gareSe without reference/use
gamoyenebuli adj used,utilized
gamoyvana v remove,take out
~bolSi v ger smoke(ing)
~kargad adv well finiSed
~mzeze v ger jerk(ing)
~formis v ger shape(ing)
~jiSis v ger nurture(ing)
gamoyofa v n allocate(ion),apportiont(ment),
detail,discern,distinguish,emphasize,highlight,isolate/isolation,identify/identification,
delineate/deliniation,differentiate(ion),release,demakate(ion),segregate(ion),single out
~mkveTrad v accentuate,steeply separate
~niSnebis v pick out features/signs
~tipis v delineate a type
~calke v pick/single out
gamoyofili adj allocated,apportioned,detail
ed,discerned,differentiated,deliniated,emphasized,highlited,identified,
isolated,released,segregated,singled out
gamoSveba v let out sb/sth,issue sth
~nawarmis(tyveobidan/cixidan)v release
gamoSverili adj extending,perched out
from,projecting,out of plumb
gamoSigvna v remove organs,scrape(ing)
gamoSroba v dessicate, dry out
gamoCena v n ger advent,appear(ance),arrive/
arrival,arise,dawn,emerge(nce),expose/ex
posure in an open emergence,extend,manifestation,occur(ance),reveal,turn up,come into existence,dawn,uncover,yield
~gaTxrisasv n dismantle,expose/exposure
~dRis sinaTleze come to light
~daiwyo v sth began to appear
~mkafiod
sth came to the fore
~moulodneli fleeting appearance,intrude/intrusion
~pirveli=uadresi the first emergence,
the earliest arrival/manifestation,
the first trickle of sth appears…
~raRacasTan erTad sth evolve along sth
~xelaxla
re-appear(ance),resurface
gamoCenamde adv before the advent of sth
gamoCenasTan erTad=gamoCenisTanave adv
with the appearance of sth somewhere
gamoCenili adj emerging,occurred,revealed,
turned up,salient,uncovered
~adamiani best known,celebrated,celebrity,
eminent,famous,outstanding,well-known,prime(sb),prominence/prominent
gamoCiCqna v pluck out
gamoCorkna v work up roughly
gamocalkeveba v n detail,distinguish,differentiate(ion),divide off,isolate(ion),separate(ion) from/of,single out,define,discern, insulate(ion)
~konteqstidan abstract sth from context
gamocalkevebuli adj discrete,differentiate,
isolated,separated from,singled out
gamocana/gamocanis n mystery,puzzle,riddle
~amoucnobi enigma(tic),mysterious
~gamocnoba v solve
gamocda v n adj examine(ation),experience,
test(ing),trial(s)
~drois the test of time
gamocdileba n confidence,experience,profic
iency,workmanship
gamocdilebis SeZena v gain ~
gamocdili n adj expert,experienced,keen,
skilled
~xeliT nakeTebi sth expertly done
gamocema v n edit(ion),organize,issue,publication,publish
~avtoris gardacvalebis Semdgomi
posthumous edition
~akademiuri
academic edition/periodical
~pirveli beWduri Lat. edition princeps
~sruyofili/yovlismomcveli definitive
publication of sth
~Sevsebuli da Sesworebuli revised
edition
~calke separate edition
~xelaxla v n reprint,republish,repeated
publication
32
gamocemaTa seria Temaze... a series of publications on (theme)…
gamocvla v n change,replace(ment)
gamocnoba v n guess, identify sth by sth,
unreveal
=saidumlos gaxsna v ger break(ing),
crack(ing)
gamocnobili adj unrevealed
gamococxleba v n liven up,nourish(ment),
revive/revival,reviving,vivify
gamocxadeba v n announce(ment),declare(ation),proclaim/proclamation,publicize
~angelozis
message of…
~bibliuri
the Advent
~ioanesi the Revalation
~memkvidris v n appoint(ment)
~religiis v found of (the Christianity…)
~RmerTis/RvTis the Epiphany
=xilva n providence
gamocxoba v ger bake(ing)
gamoZaxili v n echo, repercussion(s)
~Soreuli a far cry from..
gamoZerwva v n model(ing)
~saxis v n depict(ion)
gamoZerwili adj modeled
gamoweva v pull out
gamoweuli adj jutted out,prominent,protrude
(ing)
gamowva v ger anneal,bake(burn,fire,kiln)(ing)
calcine,lcination
~gakontrolebuli controlled firing
~msubuqi light firing
~sxvadasxva ferad fire to distinct shades
of (some color)
~Ria open firing
gamowveva v call forth,cause,challenge=issue
challenge,impel,inspire by sb,orchestrate
(provoke,cause,engender) sth
~interesis generate interest
~omis/ramis v trigger
~sulebis v n evoke,invoke
gamowvevis miReba v plung=take the plung
~winaSe face up to challenge
gamowveuli adj (to be) caused by sth,cinsider sth/by sth
gamowvlilviT v work out sth in detail(elaborately,meticulously),punctiliously,in
fine details, thoroughly
~Seswavlili sth studied in most details
by scholars
gamowvlilviTi adj elaborate,meticulous,
precise,punctilious,catchment analyses
gamownexa/gamownexili v adj press(ed)
back
gamowrToba v ger anneal(ing),temper(ing)
~wyalSi ger quench-hardening
gamowrTobili adj tempered
gamowurva v n ger extract(ion)(ing)
~madnidan v n isolate(ion)
gamowuruli adj extracted,isolated
gamoWedva v ger beat(ing),forge(ing),hammer(ing),mint(ing)
gamoWedili adj beaten,forged,hammered,minted
gamoWra v ger cut(ing) out
gamoxazva v ger draw(ing)
gamoxarateba v ger chise(ing)
gamoxaratebuli adj chiseled
gamoxarSva v ger n bleach/extrac(ing),
distil(ation)
gamoxarSuli adj bleach(distil,extract)(ed)
gamoxatva v n depict(demonstrate,express,
indicate(ion),display,represent(ation),
signify
~daniSnulebis assume N significance
~kvlevebSi spill over into issues
gamoxatvis manera n manner of depiction
~saSualeba media of expression
~stilisturi xerxi v n device/devise,instrument(s)
gamoxatuleba n demonstration,depiction,expression,implication,impression,indication
~mWevrmetyveli the most telling indication
of sth
gamoxatuli adj articulated,depicted,exemplified by sth,expressed,reflected
~kargad well accentuated/depicted
~mkveTrad accentuated,ambiguous,marked,
pronounced
gamoxveta v clear away,shovel out,sweep
gamoxmaureba v acclaim,answer,echo,react,
reply,respond
~naSromze press comment on..,reference
to sth
gamoxsna v disentangle
gamojanmrTeleba v n recuperate(ion)
gamprialebeli n burnisher, polisher
gamJRavneba v break a secret,leak out,reveal
~saidumlosi break a secret
gamravleba v n multiply/multiplication,procreate(ion),proliferate(ion),propagate(ion)
gamravalferovneba v n diversify,diversification
gamrudeba v n warp(ing)
gamrudebuli adj warped
33
gamsxvileba v ger thicken(ing)
gamsxvilebuli adj thickened
gamsWvalva v n penetrate(ion)
gamsWvaluli adj penetrated
gamtvreva ramiT v breach by sth
gamtkiceba v harden, make firm,substantiate
gamtkicebuli
adj
substantiated
gamurva v ger blacken(ing)
gamuruli adj sooty, smulty
gamqrali adj defunct,disappeared,extinct,vanished
gamyareba v harden strengthen
gamyivani(xma)=tenori n tenor
gamyinvareba n adj glaciations
gamyinvarebisSemdgomi...n adj postglaciation
gamZafreba v n intensify/intensification
gamZvinvareba v be/get angry/irate,storm off in
anger
~RvTaebis storm off in anger
gamyofi adj dividing,separating
gamZvinvarebuli adj irate, tough
gamZle adj long-live/stand(ing),enduring,last
(ing),persistent,rigid,stable,steadfast,substantial,tough,sturdy,table,serviceable,
~masala adj durable,substantial
gamZleoba n durability,rigidness,stability,stedfastness,toughness
gamwevi(ix.wyvili) adj traction
gamwvaveba v peak
gamWvirvale(d) adj adv transparent(ly)
~naxevrad adj translucent
gamWvirvaloba n serenity,transparence,transparent
gamWoli adj transverce
gamWriaxi n adj astute,a person of penetration,shrewd,subtle
gamWriaxoba n insight
gamWriaxobiT adv sth done with necessary
acumen by sb
gamxdari adj meager
gamxela v undo (secret)
gamxmari adj dried, hardened
gamxneveba v n encourage(ment)(s),imbue
gamxsneli n adj solvent
ganagdo v disavow,give up,renounce
ganago v n control,disposal,rule,run
ganagrZo v continue,go/keep on,pursue sth
~arseboba sty (seems) to continue well
~keTeba sb continues doing sth/the practice
ganadgureba v n abolish,annihilate,bring to
heel,delete,demolish,devastate,extingish,full sweep of sth,obliterate)(ion),be-
come run down,cncel(ation),crush,destroy,destruction,havoc,overcome,overthrow,override,perish,ravage of sb,slaughter,vanish,bring down,eliminate,impoverish,fall,bring to heel,override
~xanZarSi end in fire
ganadgurebuli adj abolish(annihilate,crush,
delete,demolish,destroy,devastate,
obliterate,perish,vanish)(ed)… overcome with,overthrown
ganaTeba v ger light(ing), torch
ganaTebuli adj lighted/lit (badly/well)
ganaTleba v n educate(ion),enlighten(ment),
intelligence,intellect,scholarship
ganaTlebuli adj educate,enlighten,learn(ed
intellectual,intelligent,literate,scholar
ganaTlebuloba n intelligence,literacy,scholarship,enlightenment
ganakidi=ganayeli n overhang(ing) eaves
ganamarxebuli adj fossil
ganamtkica v reinforced,strengthened
~beWdiT v sealed
ganapira(ix.qveynis) adj extreme,marginal,
outlier,outlying,outside,outskirts of..,
periphery/peripherial,on the periphery
ganapiroba... v is/was inspired by sb/sth
ganapirobebs... v presupposes
ganasxvavebs... v contrasts, distinguishes,tells
them apart
ganaRdeba(ara fulis) v secure(d) sth
ganayofiereba v n fertilize/fertilization,impregnate
ganaSenianeba ger house building
ganaCeni n doom, sentence, verdict
ganawileba v n arrange(ment),apportion,distribute(ion),separate,share,shift
ganawyobs... v disposes/inclines to…
~sawinaaRmdegod v advise/incite against,
dissuade
ganaWeri n cut
ganaxevreba v halve, semify
ganaxevrebuli adj halved,semified
ganaxleba v n ger anew(al),innovate(ion),
mend(ing),regain,renewal,renovate,restore(ation),resume/resumption,resurface,restart,revise,modify/modification
ganaxlebadi adj innovative
ganaxlebuli adj anew(innovate,mend,modify,regain,renew,renovate,restore,resume,resurface,restart,revise)(ed),re
trospective=retroactive,newborn
ganbanva(ix.tilo,WurWeli) v n ablution(s),
lavabo(s),perform one‟s ablutions,cle-
34
ansing
gangaSi n v alarm
gangaSis zarebi alarm bells ring
gangeb adv consciously,deliberately,purposely
gangeba n fate, fortune, lot, Providence
gangmirva v impale, slay
gangmiruli adj impaled, sline
gangrZoba v continue,go/keep on
gandgoma v deceive
gandgomili n adj apostate
~qveynis nawili
break away region
gandegili n ascet,hermit,recluse,reclusive
gandevna v n banish(ment) from,displace
(ment),drive away,exile,expel from,force/obliterate out,oust,proscribe/proscription
~eSmakis v n exorcise/exorcism
~mtris v besiege
~teritoriidan v evict from
gandevnili adj banished from,besieged,driven away,exiled,exorcised,evictedfrom,
forsed/obliterated out,ousted/ouster
gandideba v extol, glorify,glory, resound,thank
TviT ~ v n aggrandisze(ment)
~RvTisa/RmerTisa v glorify, worship
gandobili n devotee, sacred
~vinme initiative figure
ganebivreba v gratify, indulge, spoil
ganebivrebuli adj indulgent, spoilt
ganedi(geogr) n latitude
ganeitraleba v n neutralize/neutralization
~gavlenis kill on impact
~ubedurebis v n filtrate(ion) with disaster
ganeleba v cool,deteriorate(ion),lessen
~interesis v decrease,diminish,lessen,reduce
ganelebuli adj cooled,lessened,decreased,
diminished,reduced
ganviTareba v n advance, develop(ment),evvolve,elaborate(ion),carry forward,culivate(ion),carry forward,elaborate,evolution,expand,start to,stimulate(ion)
~dargis the spread of…
~naxtomisebri adj leapfrogging model
~raRacisgan derive/evolve from…
~Sewyda cut abruptly short by,continuity was
lost,sth was discontinued
ganviTarebadi adj developing,emerging,evolv
ing system of sth,progressive
ganviTarebuli adv advance(develop,expaevolve,cultivated,elaborate)(ed),
extensive, flourishing
ganze(ix.gani) adv breadthwise,crosswisw
~dgoma v keep aloof from, stand aside
=yiraze(wyoba) adv in headers
ganzogadeba v n generalize(ation)
ganzomileba(ni) n dimension(s)
ganzrax adj adv deliberate(ly)
~damaxinjebuli deliberately mutilated
~deformireba premediate deformity
ganzraxva v n intend,intention
~winaswar(i) intention(al)(ly)
ganzraxviT adv bias,deliberately,with intention of…
ganzraxuli(a) v sth is intended
~winaswar adj deliberate,intentional,predicted
ganTavseba v n arrange(install,place)(ment),di
stribute(ion),logistic,position
ganTiadi n dawn
ganTqmuli adj best-known,noted,outstanding,promoted,sth reputed to be…
~nayofierebiT
promoted fertility
gani n breadth
~yira wyoba n header
ganze=yiraze(wyoba) n in headers
ganiaveba v n air(ing),ventilate(ion)
ganiaraReba v n disarm(ament),dismantle
ganiaraRebuli adj disarmed,dismantled
ganieri adj broad, wide
ganiva n beam,cross bar,stringer,tie-beam,
transom,traverse beam
~oTxkuTxa square-sectioned beam
ganivad adv crosswise
ganivi adj cross(wise), transepted,transverse
~gayofa v cross division
ganivkveTi n cross section
ganivkveTSi adv in cross section
ganisazRvra v sth attributed(defined,identified) as sth
~rogorc raRac tipi sth is attributable
to (some) type
ganisvenebs (aq) v here dwells…
ganicdis(gavlenas) sb/sth bears influence/
experiences sth,deals with sth
~naklebobas
sb/sth is short of sth
~cvlilebas sth undergoes transformation
ganiZarcva v dismantle
ganixileba v sth is in question/under discussion,is viewed as…
~rogorc... sth is considered(discussed,regarded,viewed) as sth
gankiTxva v give alms to sb, judge
gankiTxvis dRe the Doomsday,Judgement
Day
35
gankuTvnili adj reserved for sb/sth
gankurneba v ger cure,heal/mend(ing)
ganlageba v n arrange(ment),disposal,dispose,disposition,house,lay on/out,distribute (ion),place(ment),position,
localise(ation),deposite(ion)
~erT xazze v n align(ment)
~morgeba v n accommodate/accomodation
~mWidrod closely packed
~jarebis v n deploy(ment),station
ganlagebuli adj arrange(dispose,house,
place,deploy,station)(ed),lied
localized,deposited
ganleva v temper
ganleqva v n seclude,seclusion
ganmavlobaSi adv during+noun, for,in the
course of..,over along,through any/
some period,thoroughout,while+verb,
within overall rang of(centuries,years),
over a/the period of…
droTa ~ duration,during,eventually,in the
course of...,as time progressed
mokle drois ~ over a short period
ganmaTavisuflebeli n liberator
ganmamtkicebeli adj corroborative
ganmanaTlebeli n bringer of Christ,enlightener,Unimatrix(eg St Nino in Georgia),
Illuminator(eg. St. Giorgi)
ganmarteba v n define/definition,clarify/clarification,exemplify sth,illuminate(ion),
elucidate through,interpret(ation)
~axleburad v n reinterpret(ation)
~mizezis v n interpret(ation) (of) the reasons for sth
ganmartebiTi adj elucidative,explanatory,illuminating
ganmartoebiT adv alone,in solitude,secluded,in seclusion
ganmartoebuli adj secluded,in seclusion,sole,solitary
ganmasxvavebeli adj distinctive,distinguishing,
indicative
~erTmaneTisgan diagnostic,distinguishing
~niSani distinctive/distinguishing feature
ganmbjeni n push,reinforcement
ganmge(beli) n master, sovereign
ganmeorebadi adj recurrent,retroactive,repeating,repeatitive
ganmeorebiT adv anew,repeatedly
ganmeorebiTi adj repeated, secondary
ganmeorebuli adj repeated
ganmmartebeli n adj interpreter,explanatory,exponent of…
ganmsazRvreli adj attributive,diagnostic,determinative,defining,definitive,identifying,indicator
~maCvenebeli indication/indicator of sth…
ganmtkiceba v n cement,corroborate,make
sth stronger,reinforce(ment),strengthen,
consolidate,maintenance of sth,secure
~rameSi be confirmed in sth
~saxelmwifosi maintain/maintenance of
the state
ganmxoloeba v n isolate(ion)
ganmxoloebuli adj isolated
ganoyiereba v n fertilize/fertilization
ganpatiJeba v n execute(ion),punish(ment)
ganpirobeba v n be due to sth,determine
(ation)
ganpirobebuli adj conventional
ganpirobebulia v sth is bound/submitted
by sth,sth is subordinated to sb/sth,sth is
due to sb/sth,sb bound to do sth,submitted
by,determined with
ganrigi n agenda,itinerary,schedule,timetable
ganrisxeba v anger,enrage,fly into a rage,
storm off in anger
ganrisxebuli adj irate
gansazRvra v n adj attribute(ion),asses(me
nt),catalogize,define/definition,attribute/attribution,determine(ation),fix(ation)
identify/identification,designate,limit/limitation
~fasis v n appreciate(ion)
~winaswar v n presuppose/presupposition,
predetermine/predetermination
~xelaxla redefine/redefinition
gansazRvreba n determination,determinative,
limitation,attribution
gansazRvrisaTvis... adv for definition of…
gansazRvro rogorc... v designate as…
gansazRvruli adj attributed,attributable to
sth,considerable,considered,defined,
identified,limited,particular,precise,explicit,strict,subordinated
~xelaxla v n redefine/redefinition
gansakuTrebiT adv chief(ly),(e)specially,exceptionally,exclusively,most importantly,namely,in particular,particularly,singularly,specifically,largerly
gansakuTrebulad adv especially,particularly
gansakuTrebuli adj distinctive,exclusive,exquisite,extraordinary,outstanding,particular,special,specific,emphasized,preeminent for certain reasons,singular
36
~mniSvnelobis
sth of exclusive/paramount
importance/interest
gansakuTrebuloba n exclusiveness,exclusivity
gansveneba v lie to rest
gansasvenebeli n resting place, shrine
gansacdeli n disaster,misfortune,the trial(s),
trouble(s)
gansawmendeli n Purgatory
gansaxiereba v n image,embody(ment),perform(ance),represent(ation)
gansaxierebuli adj embody(incarnate,perform(ed)
gansaxilvelad adv for review
gansaxilveli(a) sth is to be discussed/under
discussion
gansaxleba v ger settle/settling
gansvenebuli n adj dead,departed,expired
aw
~
the late
ganswavla n ger scholarship,train(ing)
~bibliaSi (sb) verse(d) in the Bible
~Rrmad deep/profound education
ganswavluli n adj sb (deeply)educated,
sb trained
Rrmad ~
sb profound/deeply educated
gansxeuleba v n embody(ment)
gansxeulebuli adj embodied
gansxvavdeba v sb/sth contrasts with sth,differs/diverges from,is at variance
~droSi differs in time
~TvisebiT ~ in quality
~ramisgan sth stands in(sharp)contrast to sth
~raRaciT sth contrasting from sth with sth
~Zireulad sb/sth differs in essential way
gansxvaveba n v contrast/difference,discrepancy,dissimilarity,distinction,divergence,oddness,differentiate,distinguish,
be at odds with sth,contrast,inequality,otherness
~mdgomareobs difference consists in…
gansaxavebiT adv in divergence from..,in contrast to sth,by way of contrast,apart from..,unlike sth
~ramisgan/raRacisgan quite apart from..,
by/in contrast with/to sth,in contradictionto..,unlike (of) sth
~sxvebisgan unlike the other examples
gansxvavebuli adj contrasted/contrasting,different/differing,distinct(ive),disparate,
dissimilar to,discrepant,diverse,divergent,distinguishing,odd,unlike,unusual
~warmomavlobis sth of diverse origin,sth
of other than (certain) origin
gansxvavebuloba n difference,distinctiveness
gansja v n judge(ing)(ment), view
gantotvili adj branchy
ganuviTarebeli adj undeveloped
ganuzomlad adv immeasurably
ganuzomeli adj immeasurable
ganukurnebeli adj incurable
ganumeorebeli adj exceptional,extraordinary,incomparably,outstanding,remarkable,unequaled,unexampled,unique,
unparalleled,unprecedented
ganurCevlad adv indiscriminately,indistinguishably
ganusazRvreli adj indefinite,not attributed
(defined/determined),indistinguishable
undefined,unidentified,unspecified,indistinct
ganusxvavebeli adj indistinguishable
ganusxvaveblad adv indistinguishably
ganuyofeli adj inseperable,integral,undivided
~nawili ramisa n counterpart,the essentials
ganuwyvetliv
adv continually
ganuxorcielebeli adj impracticable,irrealizable
ganfena v n lay out,radiate(ion)
ganfenili adj lied out,layered,radiated
ganqorwineba v n divorse
ganyofileba n body,branch,department,
unit
~krebulSi n section
ganSla(ni) n front view(s)
ganSoreba v ger part(ing)
~sulisa sxeulTan v n divorse
ganStoeba n branch(ing),extention,offshoot
ganCineba n precept, verdict
gancalkeveba v n isolate/separate(ion),grow
apart
gancalkevebiT adv be apart of sb/sth,separately
~dgas/mdgomi sth stands/standing apart
gancalkevebuli adj isolated,(semi)detached,separated,sole
gancda n excitement,experience,feeling
~sulieri n experience, trial
gancxadeba v n advertise(ment),appeal,inform(ation),proposition,report,statement,
proclamation,pronouncement
gancxroma v n amuse/enjoy(ment),delight,
pleasure
ganZze nadiroba n treasure hunt(ing)
ganZTsacavi n the Treasury,thesaurus/the-
37
sauri (n sing/pl Lat),treasure house
ganZi n treasure
~mravalnivTiani great number hoard
~ucnobi treasure trove
~fulis n hoard
ganZis maZiebeli(monadire) n treasure hunter
~mcveli n treasurer
~samalavi n hideway
~Camarxva/dafvla v dig,hide
~Segroveba v treasure
ganwiruli adj condemn/doom(ed),be bound
to do sth
~akeTo rame be bound to do sth
ganwmenda n v ger ablution,cleancing,purge
(ing),purify,purification(s)
~monaniebiT v expiate
~msxverplSewirviT v n lustrate(ion)
ganwyoba n mood,sense, temper
~winaswari v n predispose/predisposition
ganWvreta v n adj contemplate/predict(ion),
discern,foresee(able)
~winaswar v n adj (fore)sight/tell,predict
(able)(ion)
ganxeTqileba v n chasm=chism between,di
sagree(ment)discord(ance),disrupt(ion)
split
ganxeTqilebis vaSli apple of discord, bone
of contention
~Semomtani n disenter
ganxilva v n confer,contemple,consider,deal with,debate,,discuss,examine(ation),
(re)view,reason,scrutinize,treat(ment),
councel,judgement,reason with sb,reckon(ing),treat(ment),judge,counsel,reckon
~xelaxla v n reconsider(ation)
ganxiluli adj dealt with,debate(discuss,examine,treat,(re)view)(ed)
~zemoT/winaswar sth previously discussed
ganxorcieleba v n accomplish/fulfil(ment),
bring to fruition,effect,enjoy,implement/
realize(ation),promote(ion),exercise
~proeqtis v n implement(ation),launch
~Zalauflebis v exrcise power/one‟s authority
ganjina n alcove,cupboard
gaogneba v adj dazzle,startle(d) by sth
gaoTxmageba v quadruple
gaoreba=1:2 v n bifurcate/bifurcation
gaorebuli
adj two-fold
gaormageba=1x2 v ger entwist,(re)double(ing)
twin(ing)
gaormagebuli adj entertwisted,(re)double/
twin(ed),binary
gapartaxeba v n disolate/devastate(ion),
gapartaxebuli adj devastated
gapentva v ger beat(ing)
gapentili adj beaten
gapirovneba v allot, assign
=pirovnebad qceva v n personify/personification
gapoba v ger cleave/crack(ing),split
gapobili adj cracked, cleft,split
gaprialeba v ger glaze(gloss,poilish,rub(ing)
up
gaprialebuli adj polished, rubbed
gaJleta v n
massacre
gaJonva v n filter into/through,infiltrate(ion),leleak out
gaJRenTva v imbue,oil,soak,steep
gaJRenTili adj imbue(oil,soak,waterlog)(ed)
garantirebuli adj guarantee(d),warrant sth
gardamavali adj intermediate,intervening,passing from…to..,transitional
~mdgomareoba (take) an intermediate stand
~mTavroba provisional government
~periodi passing, transitional
gardamoxsna v n deposit(ion),descend from
the Cross
=tilo Shroud of Christ
gardasaxva v n (re)incarnate(ion),transform
(ation) into sth
gardasaxuli adj (re)incarnated,transformed
gardatexa n crisis,critical moment,sudden
change,turning point
gardauvali adj imminent,inescapable,inevitable,inavoidable
garduvlad=gardauvalad
adv inevitably
gardaqmna v n change,convert/convention,
precreate/transform(ation) into…
gardaqmnili adj change(convert,transform)
(ed)
gardaqmnis xana transformational era
gardacvaleba v n ger cross the Great Divide/Stygian,death,depart(ure),lifeliving,expire,perish,pass away,demise
~moulodneli a sudden pass
~udroo premature demise
gardacvalebis Semdeg/Semdgomi adj adv
posthumous(ly)
~dideba/saxeli ~
fame
gardacvlili(ix.aw...) adj dead,decease/dedepart(ed)
gardi-gardmo adv transverse
gare adv external,exterior,out(er)(lying)(most),
outside
38
~sivrce exterior space
garegani adj extrinsic
garegnoba n appearance,countenance
~uRimRamo
humble/modest ~
garegnobiT... adv in appearance
garegnulad adv in appearance/general outline,extrinsically,seemingly,visually
garegnuli adj external
~gansxvaveba difference,sty differing in shape(design,form)
~iersaxe n appearance,design principle
~niSani/niSnebi n sing/pl features(s)
~niSnebiT sb/sth in external attributes
garedan adv from/on outside,on the exterior
gareT adv in open air,on the exterior,on the
outside
gareva v ger implicate mix(ing)
gareT(a) adj adv exterior,external,out(er)(side)(wards)
garemo n environment(s),midst,milieux/milien
(Fr),scenery,setting,sphere,surroundings,
setting
~bunebrivi/Cveuli n habitat
~kulturuli cultural ambience
~nayofieri favourable circumstances
~saTanado/nayofieri favourable circumstances
~usiamo/qariani/civi bleak landsacape
~xelsayreli comfort zone
garemoebaTa gamo adv because/on occasi
on of (certain) circumstance(s)
~gaTvaliswinebiT after considering certain circumstances
~damTxveva
juncture of ~
~mixedviT depending on ~
garemoeba(ni) n sing/pl circumstance(moment,occasion,situation)(s)
~ojaxuri (due to) family circumstances
~Semarbilebeli extentuating ~
garemos damcveli n environmentalist
~dacviTi adj environmental
garemoSi Cawerili adj inserted in environments
garesamyaro n outside world, exterior
garesamyarosTan dakavSirebuli adj sb/
sth linked with the exterior (in the direction of sth)
gareubani n outskirt(s), suburb
gareuli adj savage,wild
~rameSi vinme adj sb involve(d) in sth
gareSe adj beyond,external,extraneous
garToba v n amuse(enjoy,entertain)(ment)
garTuleba v n complicate(ion),enchance
(ment),hamper,hinder
garTulebuli adj complicated,involved
garTuli adj be engrossed/involved in
doing sth
garTxmuli/garTxma(Zirs) adj v n prostrate(ion)
garigeba v n agree(ment),pact,treaty
garideba saSiSroebas v ger flee(ing)
gariJraJi n daybreak
gariskva v n risk,run the risk of+gerund,
take a plug,venture
gariyva v run aground,supplant
gariyuli adj marginal,supplanted
garicxva v n expel,expulsion
garkveva v n clarify/clarification,clear up,determine(ation),elucidate,explain,identify,
shed light on sth
~situaciaSi have to come to terms with
sth
garkveviT adv clearly,definitely,distinctly,directly
garkveulad adv certainly,distinctly
garkveuli adj certain,clear/clarified,considerable,distinct,precise
garkveulia adj sth is clear/clarified
garkveuloba n clarity,distinctness
garkveulwilad adv in certain/some ways
garnizoni(ix.cixioni) n garrison
garnituri n mounting,set,suite,garniture(Fr)
gars... adv (a)round
~akravs sth encloses sth
~uvlis teritorias v circuit,(en)copass,
fring(ing) N area,rim
~WurWels v rim
garsakravi n foil,sheathing
garsi(ix.feradi) n coat,cover,jacket,shell
garsSemovlebuli adj bordered(enclosed/
enclosing)with,encompassed
garsSemosavleli n aisle,ambulatory,areaway,walking around area
garRveva v n advance,breakthrough,make
breakthrough,rip,undo,unstitch
~alyis/dacvis v breach, break
~mcdeloba make a breakthrough/thrust to
~saqmeSi v break through,tour de force (Fr)
garRveuli adj ripped, undone
garyvna v carnalize,subvert
garyvnili adj vicious
garSemo adv around,surrounding
garSemortyma v encircle,enclose,encompass
girdle about,surround by sb/sth
garSemortymuli adj encircle(enclose,surr-
39
ound)(ed),surrounding,encompassed
garSemoweriloba n circuit of,around/in circumference, girth
garCeva v discern,distinguish,perceive
~SeiZleba sth can be discerned/distinguished
~Znelia sth is indistinguishable from sth
gasaazreblad adv for considering sth
gasagebi(a) adj clear,comprehensible,intelligible,luminous,relevant,tangible,
understandable
gasakviri adj astonishing,surprising
gasamagreblad adv for strengthening of sth
gasamagrebeli adj fix(fortify,reinforce,strengthen,support)(ing)
gasamarTleba v n judge,a trial on sb
gasammageba v triple
gasammagebuli adj triple(d),threefold
gasamrjelo n allowance,fee,salary,wages
gasamrjelos mopoveba v earn money
gasanTvla v ger wax(ing)
gasanTluli adj waxed, waxy
gasaocari adj astonish(embarrase,surprise,
strike)(ing)
gasaocrad adv embarrassingly,surprisingly,
strikingly,unequaly
gasarkvevi adj sth needing/needs clarification/
needs to be clarified
gasarCevi adj identifiable
~aSkarad clearly ~
~Znelad indistinguishable from sth
gasasvleli n alley(gang/passage)way,corridor,cross(ing),exit
~Senobebs Soris n areaway
gasaRebi n key
=amoxsna key to
~saidumlosi v n clue
gasayari n ridge beam of the roof
gasayidi adj goods bound to market
~fasi
selling price
gasacvlelad/gasacvleli adv adj
sth
for exchange
gasawmendad advili adj easily cleansable
gasaWiri n crisis,difficulty,trouble(s)
~daZleva overcome an ordeal/pallor of death
~momakvdinebeli the pallor of death
gasaxdeli(ix.abano) n cloack room
gasaxleba v n banish(ment) from..,deport(ation), oust
gasdevs v sth runs along/parallel,sth running
from…to…
gasvla(ix.gariyva) v go out
~napirze v go ashore
gasigrZeganeba v realize
gasinjva=sinjva/cda v ger try(out),test(ing)
~samedicino v ger examine,probe(ing)
gasrola v fire,shoot,throw
gasuli
adj last,past
~weli n adj yesteryear
gasqeleba v ger thicken(ing)
gasceniureba v
stage-craft
gaswvriv adv along(the course), lengthwise
~miwasTan ravages of sth
~RerZis along axis
gaswvrivi adj long
gasworeba v n ger correct(ion),align,even,
level(line,make)(ing) up,right,rectify
~miwasTan n pl usu. ravages of sb
gasworebuli adj corrected,leveled,made
up,rectified
gaswreba(ix.win) v outstrip,surpass
~droSi v antedate,predate,presede
gasxvla v ger lop off, prune(ing)
gatana v n carry away,export(ion),remove,take out
gataceba n be mad about sth,passion,predilection
~adamianis v ger capture,kidnap/steal(ing)
=motaceba v n abduct(ion) of sb
~ramiT/SromiT adj be carried away,engrossed,inclined
gatenili adj packed with sth
gatexva v n ger break(age)(ing)
~sulierad v adj downheart(ed),prostrate
gatexili adj broken/breakage
gatoleba v equate with sb/sth, match
gatyaveba v fell, scrape
gatyianeba v n aforest(ation)
gauareseba v n become worse,deteriorate
(ion),come down,worsen
~stilis/formis v n deteriorate(ion)
gaubedavi/gaubedavad adj adv indecisive(ly)
~moqmedeba v falter
gaubraloeba v n debase(ment)
gaugebari adj ambiguous,incomprehensible
involved,obscure,uncertain,unclear,weired
gaugebrad adv ambiguously,inclearly
gaugebroba n conflict,misconsept(ion),misunderstand(ing)(s)
gaugonari adj unprecedent(ed)
gaugrZelebloba v adj n discontinue,discontinuesness
gaudabureba v ravages of sth
gauvali adj impenetrable(ness)
40
gauvnebelyofa v n neutralize/neutralization
gauTavebeli adj continual,endless,inexhaustible
gauTvaliswinebeli adj sth not considered,
(un)foreseen(expected,predictable,
suspected)
gauTvaliwineblad adv without considering sth,unexpectedly
gauTvaliswinebloba n override sth
gauTleli adj coarse,rough
gaukacrieleba v n abandon(ment),depopulate(ion),depletion,desert,devastate
gaukacrielebuli adj abandone(depopulate,desert,devastate)(ed),depletion
gaumarTaoba n sth in disorder/direpair
gaumarTlebeli adj sth that cannot be
justified,sth unjustified
gaumaZRari adj insatiable,voracious appetite
~Zarcva rapacious plunder
gaumaZRrad adv insatiably
gaumaZRroba n insatiability
gaumaZRrad adv insatiably
gaumjobeseba v n improve(ment),modify/modification,cultivate(ion),recover(y),
refine(ment),rectify,enrich(ment),
heighten,ameliorate
gaunaTlebeli adj ignorant
gaunaTlebloba n ignorance
gaurkveveli adj abstract,ambiguous,eratic,illegible,insignificant,indefinite,indistinct,
mysterious,not determined/identified,obscure,unclear,uncertain,unidentified,unknown,intricate
~daniSnulebis sth of uncertain/unknown
use
~sfero bizarre area
~(xel)naweri illegible/indecipherable manuscript/writing
gaurkvevlad adv ambiguously,illegibly,obscurely
gaurkvevloba n ambiguity,discrepancy,obscurity,(sth Is a) grey area,uncertainty,
tangle(d)(n v adj)
gaurkvevlobaSi CaZiruli dormant in obcurity
~Cakarguli dwindled in obscurity
~CaZiruli dormant ~
~
gausworde vinmes v deal with sb,dispatch
gauswordes=gautoldes
v match
gautexeli adj unbowed
gauferuleba v n discolor(ate)(ion),wither
gauqmeba v n abolish/abolition,annul(ation),
call off,cease to function,cancel,die away,
defeat,nullify,rescind,reverse,stop
gauqmebuli adj abolish(annule,cancel,cease
to function,nullify,reverse,stop)(ed),died
away
gauyo=uwilado v share
gauZlo v weather
gauwafavi adj amateur,prentice hand,raw,
unskillful/unskilled
gauwafavoba n unskilfulness
gauwonasworebeli adj erratic, not balanced
gauxednavi adj unbroken
gafantva v n dispel,disperse/dispersal,dissminate(ion),scatter,spread,strew across,
throw about
gafantulad adv isolated,separately
gafantuli adj disperse(disseminate,scatter
(ed) about/over,spread,thrown about
gafarToeba v n ger amplify/amplification,
enlarge(ment),expand(ing),flear out,
splay,widen,broaden,evolve,extend
~miRma extend beyond sth
gafarToebuli adj amplify(enlarge,expand,
extend,splay,widen)(ed),flear(ing)
gafermkrTaleba v fade, pale
gafermkrTalebuli adj faded, pale
gafiltvra/gafiltruli v adj filter(ed)
gaflangva v waste
gaflanguli adj squandered,wasted
gaformeba Zunwad/Zunwi sth modest(ly) ornamentation/ornamented,decoration/
decorated
gafrena(ix.buzi) v n fly
= manZili n flight
gafrenili=mfrinavi
adj flying
gafrTxileba v n caution, warn(ing) against sth
gafurCqvna v n flourish
gafufqva v n scald
gafuWeba v n damage,decay,deteriorate(ion)
deprecate,ravages of sb,spoil
gafuWebuli adj damage(decay,deprecate)
(ed),spoiled/spoilt
gafcqvna v ger peel(ing), shell(ing)
gafcqvnili adj peeled, shelled
gafxviereba/gafxvierebuli v adj loosen
(ed)
gaqalaqeba=qalaqad qceva v n urbanize(ation)
gaqvaveba v n fossil(ize)(ation),harden,lapidify,pertify,turn to stone
gaqvavebuli adj fossilize(harden,lapidify)(ed)
turned to stone
41
gaqristianeba(ix.moqceva) v n Christenize/
Christenization,convert to Christianity
gaqristianebuli adj Chrisenized/Christened,converted to Christianity
gaqroba v come to an end,cease to exist,deccay,decline,die away/out,disappear,ebb,
(become)extinct,extinguish,fade out,gone,pass from the scene,vanish,wipe off,
wither
~srulad lape completely
gaqrobis piras on the way to extinction,die
~saSiSroebasth is in danger of disappearing
gaquculi adj lean
gaqceva v allude sb/sth,escape,flee,run,take
flight
gaqceuli adj escaped,fleeing, running
~cixidan n fugitive
gaRaribeba/gaRatakeba v n impoverish(ed)
(ment)
gaReba v ger open(ing), unseal
~mowyalebis v n ger donate(ion),give/
render(ing)
gaRviveba v light,,kindle,make a fire
a fire
gaRma adv prep across,beyond,at the opposite bank
gaRmerTeba v n diefy/deification,divinize,hoidolize=idolose(ation),homage,worship
gaRmerTebuli adj deified, worshipped
gaRrmaveba v deepen,enhance,exacerbate,
make deep(er)
gaRrmavebuli adj deepened
gaRunva
v ger bend(ing), warp(ing)
gaRunuli
adj bent, warped
gayalbeba v n ger falsify/falsification,fabricate(ion) forge(ing),mimic sth
=is, rac yalibdeba
folsifiable
gayalbebuli adj falsified, forged
gayidva v n ger market/sell(ing)
gayinva(ix.xana) v ger freeze(ing)
gayinuli adj frozen
gayola v follow
gayofa v n divide/division,separate(ion)
~Tanabrad v ger halve(ing)
=uwilado vinmes v share
=gamoyofa v apportion out to sb
gaSaveba v ger blacken(ing)
gaSavebuli adj blackened
gaSveba v release
gaSverili win adj protrude(ing) in front
gaSifvra v n code-breaking,decode,deciphere(ment),interpret(ation)
gaSifruli adj decoded,deciphered,inter-
preted
gaSiSvleba v n denude(ation),dismantle,expose/exposure
gaSiSvlebuli adj (de)nude(d),dismantled
gaSla v n deploy(ment),diffuse(ion),distribute(ion),expand,unfold
~Temis v evolve
gaSlili adj expanded,open,spread onto/
over
~did sivrceze adj wideranging
gaSotili adj be flat on one‟s back,extended
stretched,supine
gaSroba v ger air(ing),dessicate, dry(ing)
gaSuqeba v throw a light on.., cover widely in
the literature,enlighten
gaCaReba(ix.omis) v burst of sth
~cecxlis v make a fire
gaCena v advent,birth/rise of sth,come to being,
emerge,generate,make appearance,
proliferate,spring up,start off
=dabadeba ramis give rise to the birth
~saWiroebis need arise,originate
~swrafad fast emerging
gaCenamde adv before the advent of sth
gaCenisTanave adv from the first emergence
gaCexva(ix.Cexva) v clear, fell
gaCexili adj cleared, felled
gaCveuli adj familiar(ity) with sth
gaCnda v appeared,emerged
gaCorkna v ger
hew(ing)
gaCorknili adj hewn
gacalkeveba v n detach(ment),disarticulate/
disarticulation
gacdena(ix.acdena) v miss
gacdunebs
v sth is tempting
gacelili mtrisgan(qveyana) swathes of N
land
gacema v give, render
gacveTa v decripite,rub,wear out, wither
gacveTili adj deteriorated,rubbed,worn
down/out
~kide/piri abride(d) edge(s)
~fraza hackneyed phrase
~xmarebiT overuse(d)
gacveTiloba n decrepitude
gacvla v n barter, exchange
~saCuqrebis
gift exchange
gacvlili
adj exchanged
gacvlis kursi
exchange rate=rate of ~
gaciveba
v ger chill(ing)
gacivebuli adj cool,cold,hardened,rigid
42
gacnoba v acquaint,make acquaintance,get
acquainted with sb,become familiar with
sb/sth,introduce/ontroduction
~adgilis
get to know a locality
gacnobiTi
adj introductory
gacofebuli adj frenzied
gacocxleba v n animate(ion),back from the
death,breath the life, bring back to life,enliven,nourish,revitalize(ation),regain,revive,
vivify/vivification,infuse deceased with life
~bibl. come back to life,restore(ation) alive
gacocxlebuli adj animated,regained,revitalilized,revived,restored alive
gacra v screen, sieve, sift
gacrili
adj screened, sifted
gacxadeba v allege,claim,contend sth,voice,
argue,manifest
gacxovelebuli adj active,brisk,bustling,extensive
gaZarcva v depredation of sb,loot,plunder,ransack,ravages of sb,rob
gaZarculi adj loot(plunder,ransack,rob)(ed)
gaZeveba v banish from, expel,ouster of sb
gaZvaleba v n ossify/ossification
gaZleba v endure,last,weather,withstand
gaZliereba v n amplify,back up,become
more intence,empower,enhance,entrench,escalate(ion),fortify,fuel,grow toprominence,make stronger,reinforce(ment),
accelerate(ion),be on the rise,rise to prominence,strengthen,support
gaZlierebuli adj amplified,backed up
empowered,enhanced,escalated,fortified,fueled,reinforced,strengthened,supported,exacerbated
gaZneleba v n hinder(ance)
gaZRola v carry out,conduct,head,hold,lead,
manage,run sth
gawafva v ger master(ing),skill
gawafuli adj sb advanced in doing sth,
handy,mastered,skilled
~xeli
dub hand,skilful fingers
gawafuloba v n skill
gawevrianeba v n incorporate(ion)
gawvda xelis v hold out,outstretch,stretch
forward
~saqmes v n manage(ment)
gawvdili adj held out,outstretched,stretched
forward,protrude in front
gaweva v n (re)move,traction
~ukan v move back
~ ~ =mofareba v overshadow
~Sromis v n invest(ment (of) labour
gawelva v lengthen, make sth longer,stretch
gawelili adj lengthened,made longer,protracted
gawveva v recrute
~ ukan vinmesi/ramis call off on(some reason),challenge,move back,
recrute from,reverse
gawvrileba (ramis) v battice,taper(ing)
gawirva v condemn,doom, leave to the mercy of fate
~marcxisTvis inflict defeat on sb/sth
gawmenda v n ger clean(ing),cleance,purify/
purification,(re)furbish,rectify
gawola v ger lie,lying
gawolili adj lying,stretched
gawonasworeba v n (counter)balance
gawonasworebuli adj (well) balanced
gawurva v strain,wring
gawydoma v come to an end, die out
gawyveta v break of sth
~tradiciis break of tradition
~xalxis n pl usu. depredations of sb
gawyoba v n adorn(ment),decorate(ion),furnish
~sufris v serve
gaWedva=CaWedva v be stuck,instuck,impact
gaWvartluli
adj smutty, sooty
gaWianureba v n procrastinate(ion),protract
gaWimva v alongate,extend
gaWirveba n pl difficulty(es),hardship(s),endurance,pallor,privations,trouble(s)
gaWirvebaSi Cavardna v plung into…
gaWirvebidan gamoyvana v carry sb through
troubles
gaWirvebiT adv painstakingly,with difficulty
gaWirvebisas adv at sb‟s hour of need
gaWra v ger cut(ing)
gaWyleta v squeeze
gaxangrZliveba v prolonge
~drois alongate,long
gaxda v become, take off
~cnobili vinme came to prominence
gaxedna v break in,manage(able)
gaxexva v ger rub(ing)
gaxexili adj abrasion, rubbed
gaxvreta v hole,perforate,pierce,prick,spike
gaxvretili adj holed,perforated,pierced,
pricked,spiked
gaxleCa v ger crack(ing),split
gaxmaureba=gaxmianeba v publicize, voice
gaxmoba(balaxis/naTesis) v wither
gaxrwna v decay,mould away/down,perish
gaxseneba v recall sth,remember,remind
43
gaxsna v open,uncover,undo,unearth,unseal,
unveil
~saidumlosi v break a secret, crack(ing)
~xelaxla v ger re-open(ing)
gaxsnili adj open(ed),uncovered,unearthed,
unsealed,unveiled
~bolo loose end
~ramisTvis
sb/sth open to sth
gaxuneba v ger fade(ing)
gaxunebuli adj discoloured,faded,tarnished
gaxureba v ger anneal,heat(ing)
gaxurebuli
adj
annealed,heated
gajavreba v n be angry of/with sth/sb,anger
gajereba v imbue,impregnate,replete with sth
~ramiT touch with sth
gegma(ix.generaluri,samuSao,Sors) n concept,design,device,draft,plan,plot,
project,stratrgy
~badisebri grid-plan layout
~generaluri general plan, master plot
~kvadratuli squarish in plan
~logikuri coherent plan
~samnawiliani tripartite ~
~senakisebri cell-plan bulding
~situaciuri area sketch,environmental
record,sketch location/plan,site record,sketch location/plan,site plan
~sworxazovani rectiliar plan
~Sekruli/Semkvreli agglutinative plan
~winaswar Sedgenili predetermined ~
~jgufuri clustered ~
gegmaze datana v ger plot(ing)
gegmazomieri adj regular, systematic
gegmareba(ix.gegma) n layout,planning
~swori/xazovani
regular plan/layout
~Wadrakuli chess(board)/chequered plan
gegmarebiT,gegmiT,gegmaSi n adv in plan
gegmis ganxorcieleba v n implement(ation
~SemuSaveba v design(devise,nurture) a plan
~Sesruleba v carry out a ~
gezi n rout
geizeri/geizeruli n adj geiser(ic)
gela(xelsawyo) n poker
gelazi n oilpess,oil stone
gem(m)a n gem(m),gem-cutting,gemma/gemmae sing/pl Lat.
gemTmSenebloba n marine engineering
gemi(s) n adj
ship(„s), vessel
~satvirTo n cargo
~ConCxi n hull
~cxviri n prow
~ ~ Semkuli n sing/pl Lat. rostrum/rostra
gemo n v taste for sth,relish
~icodnen had taste for sth
gemovneba
n
taste
~ mdare
chaste taste
~mxatvruli
artistis ~
~natifi
good
~
gemsaSeni n shipyard
genealogia n adj genealogy
genealogiuri xe
n family tree
genezisi n sing/pl Lat. genesis/geneses
geni n gene, sing/pl Lat. gens/gentis
genia n d(a)emon
~niWi
n the genius
genialuri adj genius of sth
genialuroba n genius
geniosi n sing/pl Lat. genius/genii
geodezia n land survey
geodezisti(ix.topografi) n leveler
geometriuli adj geometric(al)
georgina n dahlia
gerbTmcodne n herald
gerbTmcodneoba n heraldry
gerbi=Rerbi n arms
~farze n coat of arms
gerbiani=Rerbiani adj
stamped
gva(ix.dagva) v ger sweep(ing)
gvagonebs v recalls,resembles
~Zalian closely resembles/resembling
gvavaraudebinebs siggest(ing)(s) sth
gvaiZulebs v sty makes/reinforces to do sth
~vivaraudoT sth reinforces to view that…
gvalva n arid spell=Younger Dryas,arid perod,drought
gvalviani adj droughty,dry,hard baked
naxevrad ~ semiarid
gvami(ix.uxrwneli)
n
corpse
gvamcnobs v indicates(informs,reports)
gvari(ix.muxli,sxvadasxva,Sto) n family/
last name,clan
~mamis saxelidan/warmomavlobis maCvenebeli n patronymic (name)
~qaliSvilobis
maiden name
gvarianad adv considerably,fairly,generously
gvariT naTesaoba n descent relationship
gvaris
adj clan
~muxli n decent
~fuZemdebeli n progenitor
~Camomavali n descendant
gvarianad adv good deal
gvariSviloba n ancestry
gvarovnuli adj clan
Sida ~
adj intraclan
44
gvarwmunebs v convinces
gvatyobinebs v informs
gvafiqrebinebs v suggest(ing)(ive)(s),suppose/think that..,provides grounds to think…
gvawvdis v offers,provides sb with sth,providing sth,shows
gvaxsenebs v reminds
gvela(si)
n adj serpentine
gveleSapi n dragon
~frTiani n wivern=wyvern
gvelTava adj snake-headed
gveli(s) v adj snake( „s)
=adamiani n serpent
~ena n tang
~tyavis gamocvla v molt
~wiwili n young snake
gvelisebri=gveliseburi
adj snaky
gvelsaxe
adj
snake face(d)
gvergvi(ix.xatisuReli) n coil,collar,hoop,
neck-ring/torque
gverdela adj crooked,lopsided,oblique
gverdze adv adjacently,close/next to, near
~gadadeba
leave(put/set) aside
~gadaxra tilt
~gasdevs/misdevs
followes
~gaweva v push aside
zed ~ at(on/over) the side
gverdi n face,flank,folio page,side
~swori straight side
~wiboiani carinated/inverted side
gverdi-gverd adv abreast,juxtaposed,side
by side
gverdiT adv abreast,alongside,at the side of,
beside,hereabouts,next to,there immedialy,in the direct vicinity
~dadeba v juxtaposed
gverdiTi adj adjacent,adjoining,flank(ing),
lateral,side
=mimdebare adjacent to sth
~mniSvneloba connotation
~nageboba contiguous structure
~xedi side-on rendering
gverdis avla v avoid,escape,ignore,leave,
leave(ing) aside
~aSia=mindori n margin;
~bolos SeniSvna n footnote
gverdulad adv sidevise
gverdSezneqili adj concavesided, ogee
gverdSi dgoma
v back sb
gverCacelili adj side-notched
gverdxedi n side elevation/view,side-on rendering
v recounts, tells,the story goes
that…
~teqsti/warwera (text/inscription) runs as
followes…
gvianmosuli
adj
latecomer
gvibiZgebs v sth hints/leads to…
gvimi(ix.Wa) n shell of well
gvimra/gvimris n adj fern
~tyis n adj Asplenium rutamurraria,Ophioglossum vulgatum,Adiantum,Polystichum
gvirabi(s) n tunnel
~gaWra v drive a ~
~kari postern gate
gvirgvini n corona,crown,garland,headband,
herms
~saqmis
coping stone
~Senobis n coping
gvirgviniani adj crowned
gvirgviniT Semkoba v lie a wreath on crown
gvirgvinis dadgma v n crown,coronation
~dabruneba recover crown
~dawvna v braid
~mopoveba v take the throne
=jvriswera v wedding ceremony
gvirgvinisebri adj coronal
gvirgvinosan(ni) adj (the) crowned(heads)
gvirila(ix.ZaRlisqinZa) n adj comomile
~gzispirebis n adj cloveleaf,mastricaria
Lat.
~mindvris n adj ox-eye daisy
~samkurnalo n adj Arctic comomile
gviristi v n stitch
gviCvenebs v demonstrates,documents,exhibits,indicates,illustrates,represents,
performs,displays,shows,suggests
gvxvdeba(ix.saxeli,Cveulebriv) v sth is
encountered(found,known,seen),occurs
gza n high/roadway,road,rout,traffic,trip,via/
track,viae(sing/pl Lat.),way
~aRorZinebis revitalizing routs
~vinmes cxovrebis=kariera becom(ing)
sb
~zRvis/sazRvao
sea lines/routs,seaways
~mixveul-moxveuli winding road
~navali
beaten track
~oRro-CoRro bumpy,full of holes,ruttled road, tortous
~savaWro=saqaravno
trade road/rout
~samdinaro
river road/rout,waterway
~samxedro
military rout/highway
~saurme
cart-track
gviambobs
45
~saxmeleTo land/valley road/rout(s),plain ~
~ukana return journey
~ukanaskneli
last journey
~SemovliTi
detour, roundabout
~SemoqmedebiTi
career
~Sua
halfway,midway(down the road)
~Celtis
road of brushwood
~cudi
heavy road
~cxovrebis becoming sb
~Zelfenili log-paved/wooden foot passage
~xeobaSi
defile, ridgeway
gzad=gavliT adv by way of… via…
gzavnili n letter, message
gzamkvlevi n itinerary, road map
gzas acdena v go(lead.run) astray
gzatkecili n highway
gzaSi adv along the way, en rout (Fr)
gzawvrili n foot passage, trackway
gzajvaredini n crossroad(s), intersection
gzebi n pl. usu. Lines,ways
gzidan gadaxveva kamaTisas disgress to discuss
gziT=saSualebiT
adv through sth
gzis asaqcevi
n
detour
~gakvalva v inch one‟s way through,lay/pave the way for…
~gakafva v
make way to…
~gakeTeba=mgzavroba make (a) track
~gakvleva v elbow(find,force) one‟s way
~gamkvalavi n sb leading the way
~gaswvriv adv along road(s)
~gayvana v raise the road
~dageba v pave,plank
~mosaxvevi n bend,curve,turning
gzispira/gzispiri adj road/wayside
gzispirebSi adv at the roadside
gigantic/giganturi n giant,gigant(ic)
gildia n guild
gimnazia n gymnasia
giorgobisa(ix.noemberi,tirisdeni,tiriskoni) n November
girCa/girCis n adj fir-cone
gisosebi=cxauri n adj lattice work
giSeri/giSris=saTi(s) n adj gagate,jade,
jet
gladiatorTa
adj gladiatorial
gladiatori n gladiator
glaukonituri adj glauconitic
glemurZi(ix.tyavi)=kanqveSa qoni n fat
glexi n countryman,farmer,farmhand,peasant
gliptika n glyptic,gliptique
gliptikosi n gluptikos Gr.
glova v n adj greeve/mourn for/over,grief
glovaSi adv in mourning
glovis dRe n (observe) a day of mourning
gluvi adj even, smooth
gmanva v caulk
gmani n caulk(ing) crown
gmiri(s) n adj hero(ine)( „s)
~kulti n hero-cult
~mTavari n central character
~nawarmoebis n character
gmiroba n enduring feat,heroism
gmiroba(ni) n pl deed(s),exploit(s),heroism
gmiruli adj epic, heroic
gmoba(ix.RvTis) v abuse
gmobiT adv deplorably
gnoma n Gr. gnome
gobeleni n gobelin, tapestry(work)
gogirdovani adj hydrogen
~wyali
sulphide water
gogona n girl, maiden
gogra/gogris
n adj pumpkin,squanche,
squash=Cucurbita maxima Lat,
~orSimo n adj gourd
godebav n ger adj lament,mourn(ing),screed
godoli
n tower
~galavanSi n turret
~kedlis sangrevi n sing/pl Lat. helepolis/helepolim
~calke mdgomi n keep
godori(ix.kalaTi) n basket
godoryuri n fish-trap
golgoTa n Calvary
goliaTi n giant
~bibliuri n Goliath
goliaTuri adj gigantic
gomi/gomuri n
enclosure
gomuri=sacxovrisi n pit-house
gonio n goniometer, square
gora(ki) n hill(lock),rise
gorgolaWi n castor
gorda(ix.xmali)
n sword
gorva v ger roll(ing)
gofrirebuli adj corrugated
goSia=mliqvneli/morCili n hanchman
gragnili n roll, scroll
gradacia n gradation, scale
graviura n engraving, print
graki=grakla=grakli=brawixe n adj Lat.
Spirala (mc)
granat-piropi(s) n adj garnet-pyropus/piropi
46
grandiozuli adj immence, superb
grandiozuloba
n immencity
grafi(ix.aznauri)(kaci/qali) n count(ess)
grafika/grafikuli n adj graphic,line drawing
~weris n drawing of script
grafiki n schedule
grafikosi n draughtsman/woman
grafito n sing/pl Lat.
graffito/graffiti
gracia(ix.qalRmerTebi) n sing/pl Lat.
Grace(Gratia/Gratiae);n sing/pl Gr.
Charit/Charites
graciozuli=moxdenili adj graceful
grdemli(s) n envil
~gadasatani n stake
~Sverili n beak
grekofili n adj
philhellene
grexa v ger bend( twine,twist,wind)(ing)
grexili(ix.xveuli) adj interlaced,rope,sinuous,tendril,twirled,twisted,twirly,winding
grexilxazovani adj curvilinear
grigali n vortex
grili adj cool
grifeli n adj slate pencil
grifoni(s) n griffin=griffon=gryphon
~msgavsi adj griffin-shaped
~ufrTo adj wingless griffin
~frTiani adj winged
~
grova n v ger bunch(heap,nucleus,pile)of sth,
cache(Fr),mass,package,stack
~nagvis/fekaliebis n midden
~xalxis n collection of people, crowd
grunti(s)(ix.wyali) n adj earth,soil
~saxatav tiloze
(first) coat(ing)
grZedi n longitude
grZeldeba v continues=goes on,lasts,proceeds/stretches from…to
~gamoyeneba sth continues in use/to be used
~damzadeba sth continues to be made
~droSi sth continues/lasts into/through
(any/all) period of time(age,day,week,
year,century)
~muSaoba/samuSao works are in progress
~sigrZeSi sth extends
grZelvadiani adj long-dated
grZeli adj long, lengthy
grZelfexa adj long-legged
grZivi adj continuous,long,longitudinal
grZneuleba n wizardry
grZneuli n adj magic(ian),soothsayer,wizard
gube
n puddle
guda
n bag, sack
guda-nabadi n pl usu
belongings
gudastviri n pl usu
bagpipes
gudura n bundle
guTani n plough (Br),plow (Am)
~gasawevi n traction plough
guTneuli n plough relay/team
guTnisdeda n ploughman/boy, tiller
~piri n share of the plough
~piris frTa n mould board
gula
n core
gulani n collection of Christian Hymns and
books,Gradual
gularZnili adj hardhearted
gulaRma adv backwards,on one‟s back
gulaxdiloba=gulwrfeloba n fairness
gulgula n core
~aqerclili chipped ~
~badrosebri disk-shaped ~
~dartymis mza moedniT platform prepared
~erTfuZiani single-based ~
~iaraRi
tool
~konusuri cone-shaped ~
~orpolusiani two-pole ~
~ orfuZiani two-based ~
~prizmisebri prisme-shaped ~
~saWrisi chisel/cutter ~
~solisebri tapered/wedge-shaped ~
gulTmisani n prophet
guli=wiaRi n heart
~sagnis n core
=sarTvi n filling,staff
gulis guli n heart of hearts
gulisebri adj heart-shaped
guliskari n auricle
gulispiri n shirt-front
gul-mkerdi(s) n breast, chest
~mala n sing/pl Lat. breast vertebra/vertebrae
~Rru n thorax
gulmxeci/gulqva adj hardhearted
gulsabnevi(s) n brooch, pin
~diskosebri n saucer brooch
~CarCo n brooch
gulsavse(sagani) adj full, solid
gulsakidi n pendant
gulsakinZi n breast fastening,clasp,pin
gulqandi n brooch, pendant
gulwiTela Citi n robin
gulxeldakrefili adj arms folded across
breasts
gumbaTi n cupola,dome;cupole Lat.
~bolowvrili/konusuri conical dome
47
~naxevarwriuli
n arch
~sferuli n dome
~wvrili/wvetiani n spire
gumbaTiani adj arched,domed,vaulted
gumbaTis yeli n dome( trunk),drum
~ialqnebi n pl pendentives
~wveti n pinnacle
gumbaTisebri adj cupola-like,dome-shaped
gumbaTovani adj domed
gunda n (snow) ball
~Tixis/miwis n clod, pad
gundad adv lumped together
gundi n collection, group, team
~saero n chorus
~saeklesio n choir
gundruki(s) n adj Benjamin,frankincense,
incense,myrrh
~kmeva v prise to the skies
~kmeva=pirferoba v
burn incense to sb
~xe/xis n adj Benjamin/myrrh tree
gundurad adv all together, in group
gunduri adj team
gujari n (title) deed
~Rirebuleba n low price/value
dabanakeba(ix.jaris) v ger camp(ing)
dabaRi n tanner
dabaxana n tannery
dabegvra v n assess(ment),impost,tax(ation)
dabegrili adj imposted, taxed
dabeveba v n reserve(ation)
dabevebuli adj reserved
dabeJva v crumple
dabeJili
adj crumpled
dabereba v ger age(ing)
dabetoneba v n concrete
dabeWdva/dagozva v ger seal(ing)
~teqstis v ger print(ing), type(ing)
dabeWdili adj printed,sealed, typed
dabejiTebiT adv be precise/sure about
sth,confidently,securely,tough,firmly
~Tqma say/state sth with a good degree of
probability/every confidence
dabzarva v ger chap(ing),crack(ing)
dabzaruli adj chapped, cracked
dabinaveba v n ger accommodate(ion),logistic,house/settle(ing),home,store
~mosavlis n v adj garner(ed)
dabinavebuli adj house(settle,store)(ed)
dabinduli
adj dull,mat, smoke-coloured
dabinZureba v n contaminate(ion),defile(ment),pollute/pollution
dabinZerebuli adj contaminate(defile,pollute
(ed)
dabla adv below,down,lower
~daweva v discharge, lower
dablagveba v ger blunt(ing),dull
dablagvebuli
adj
blunt
dablobi n dale,lowland(s),low place,plain,
valley floor
~datborili flooded plain
~mdinariT floodplain,plain area of the river basin/valley
dablobSi adv down dale,in lowlands
dabneva v scatter sth about/over
=abneva v n confuse(ion)
~ramisa rameze v pin
dabneleba v ger grow dark, darken(ing)
~mzis/mTvaris n eclipse
dabneuli adj scattered about/over,dispersed
~rame rameze adj pinned
daboloeba v n ger conclude/conclusion,
end/finish(ing),terminate(ion)
~ramiT
end/terminate sth with sth
daboloebuli adj end(finish,terminate)(ed)
dabraleba v blame
d
daadastura
v admit(affirm,confirm)(ed)
daavadeba(ni) n sing/pl malady/maladies
daarseba v ger constitute sth,establish/found(ing),start sth
~xelaxla v n refound(ation)
daarsebuli adj established,founded,started
daaCqara v precipitate
daaxloebav approximate,bring/draw together
daaxloebiT adv v about,approximate(ly),
around,roughly
daaxloebiTi adj
approximate
daba n country town
dabadeba n v birth,engender,give rise to the
birth of sth
=Sesaqme n Genesis,the Nativity Story
~xelaxla n re-birth
dabadebiT,mag.qarTveli adj Georgian by
by birth
dabadebuli adj born
dabalzameba v n ger embalm(ing),mummify
mummification
dabal... adj adv low…
~doneze (at) reduced level
dabali adj diminutive height,low,short,squat
~doneze reduced level
~donis inferior,low-level
~sinji
n
low grade
48
dabreca v twist or turn to one side
dabrecili adj (a)skew
dabrkoleba v n ger block(ing),barrier,handicap,hinder(ance),obstacle,obstruct(ion)
dabrtyeleba v ger flatten(ing)
dabrtyelebuli adj
flattened
dabruneba v come/give back, return
~vinmes rame restore sth to sb
~istoriaSi bring back into history
~ramisa v n regain,retrieve/retrieval
~sawyis mdgomareobaSi v retrieve
~ukan v give/move back back,return,work
backward
~ ~ sakiTxze digress to discuss
~qonebis pirveli mflobelisaTvis v
n revert,reversion
~Zvel mdgomareobaSi v n reinstate
(ment)
~Zvel rwmenaze sb revert to sth
~warTmeulis v recede,recover,resumption
dabjena v prop up, support on/upon
dabjenili adj propping up, supported on
dagdeba v drop
dageba v fix,floor,haft,lay,mount,pave,pin,plank,put on,stick,trap
dagebuli adj fix(floor,haft,mount,pave,pin,
trap)(ed),laid,put on,stuck
dagegmareba v ger arrange(ment),design,lay
out,plan/project(ing)
~baduri grid/street plan
~da mSenebloba
engineering
~xelaxla v ger replane(ing)
dagegmarebuli adj arrange(design,plan,project)(ed)
dagegmva v appoint, plan, schedule
~winaswar plan ahead
dagegmili adj planned,scheduled
~Tavidanve planned from the outset
dageSva v break in
dagva v ger sweep(ing)
dagvianeba v be late,detain sth,outdate
~droSi time lag
dagvirgvineba v ger crown/top(ing),put a
coping stone
dagvirgvinebuli adj crown/top(ed)
dagleja/daglejili v adj tatter(ed)
dagmanva v block,brick up,caulk,immure,seal
dagmanuli adj block(brick,immure,seal)(ed)
dagmoba v n condemn/deplore(ation)
dagmobili adj condemned
dagozva v caulk, putty,seal
dagozili adj caulked, puttied, sealed
dagragna v ger roll(ing) up
dagragnili adj rolled up
dagrexa v ger curl up, twist(ing)
dagrexili adj curled up,sinuous,twisted
dagroveba v n accumulate(ion),amass,(com)
pool,pile,save,store
dagrovili adj accumulate(compile,pile,pool,save,store)(ed)
dagubeba v ger dam(ing)
dagrZeleba v n ger add,alongate(ion),lengthen(ing),make sth longer,oblong
dagrZelebuli adj alongate(lengthen,oblonge(ed)
dadableba v ger drop to,lower(ing),make
sth lower,reduce the height of sth
dadablebuli adj lowered,made lower,reduced in height
dadamRva v ger brand(mark,stamp)(ing)
dadanaSauleba v n accuse(ation) sb for sth
dadasturda(ix.Zeglze) v sth has been
affirmed(attested,confirmed,established
proved)
ar ~ sth disproved
~arseboba sth has been recorde
~krizisi witnessed a crisis
~magaliTiT exemplified/documented by…
~monapovriT documented by finds
~ramiT confirmed by sth
~raRac droidan attested from the Nth
century/millennium onwards
dadastureba v n acknowledge(ment),admit,
affirm(ation),attest,confirm(ation),exemplify,
indicate(ion),prove/proof,reassert,verify,
reassert,witness
~arqeologiurad identify archaeologicaly
~dokumenturad v document
~ramiT evidenced by sth
~ramis
sth argues sth
~ ~ arsebobis v record
~rom arasworia/sworia prove that sth
is wrong/right,sth is proved wrong/right
~SeiZleba sth is verifiable/witnessed
dadasturebuli adj acknowledge(admit,attest,confirm,prove,record,witness)(ed)
~arqeologiurad identified archaeologicaly
~aqamde so far documented
~ramiT evidenced by sth
~Zeglze be in evidence at the site
dadgena v n allocate(ion),appoint,ascertain,
assess(ment),clear up,determine(ation),
document,employ,establish(ment),find
out,fix,identify/identification,institute,limit,restrict,set,settle,state,substantiate,tra-
49
ce,mark,adjust,designate,define,impose,
adjust, constitute,institute,validate
~kultis v ordain N cult/deity
~raime niSniT identify sth by sth
dadgenileba n creed,decision,resolution
~ winaswari draft resolution
dadgenili(ix.saxe) adj allocate(appoint,ascertain,document,establish,fix,identify,institute,prescribe,settle,state,trace,adjust,
mark,prescribe)(ed),set
dadgma v mount sth with sth,place(ment),posit,
put,set on/up
~piesis v stage
~ramisa rameze v rest upon,superimpose
sth,surmount sth by sth
~xelaxla v n re-install(ation)
dadgmuli adj sth mounted with sth,placed,
posited,put,set,staged
~rame rameze sth terminating sth,sth terminated (with) sth
dadgoma(drois) v n advance,advent,arrive/
arrival,onset,start to set in
dadgomamde adv before the advent/onset of
sth
dadgomasTan erTad=dadgomisTanave adv
with the advent/onset of(century/time)
dadgomiT(drois) at the beginning of…
dadgomisas ~ adv by comingling,at the beginning/turn of eg. MBA
dadeba v mount,place(ment),put,superimpose
~zavis enter into peace treaty with sb
~ramisa rameze superimpose sth
dadebiTad adv assertively,favourably,positively
dadebiTi adj assertive,favourable,positive
dadnoba v ger (s)melt(ing)
daduReba(liToniT) v mend(eg leadmend),
weld on
daduRebiT SekeTeba v cast on,mend,repair
daerqva... sth is/was ascribed(dubbed/termed).
daeWveba v n challenge
dava v n argue with sb, controversy
davakeba v ger
level(ing)
=vake v level ground
daviTis varskvlavi n Hexogram
daviwroveba v battice,narrow,tapper
~zeviT n battice
daviwrovebuli adj narrow(ed),tapered
daviwyeba v forget
daviwyebas mieca v n condone/condonation,
decayed into oblivion
dazaveba make paece/treaty with sb
dazaraleba v affect,damage,suffer from
sth,lambast,undermine
~vinmesi/ramisa v affect,lambast
dazarelebuli adj affected,damaged
dazga n bench
~sazeinklo n lathe
dazela v ger knead/pug(ing)
dazverva v n reconnoitre/reconnaissance,
intelligence
~arqeologiuri v n ger explore(ation)
prospect/sound(ing),survey,track up
~zedapiruli surface examination/prospecting
dazverviTi adj exploratory,prospecting
dazianeba v n damage,deteriorate(ion),disturb(ance),harm,injure,destruction,
suffer from sth
~bun. movlenebiT ger adj weathering,weathr beaten
~sxeulze bodily injury
~qalaze lesion
dazianebuli adj damage(deteriorate,disturb,
injure)(ed)
~naleqebiT weather-beaten
dazogva v n adj spare
dazusteba v ascertain,define more precisely,
elaborate(ion),indicate,make sure,
rectify/rectification
dazustebuli adj ascertained,defined more
precisely,elaborated,indicated,rectified
dazRveva v n ensure,insure/insurance
dazRveuli adj insured
daTabaSireba(ix.TabaSiri) v gypsum
daTabaSirebuli adj gypsumed
daTanxmeba v n be content with sth,accept (ance),approve/approval,agree/concur(ance),endorse to
daTariReba(ix.TariRdeba,TariRi,saukune,
qronologia) v n ger ascribe/provide
the date,date(ing),provision of the date,
put sth in N cent/mill
~arazusti/susti loose chronology
~arq.kompleqsis mixedviT date(d)(ing)
by archaelogical context
~savaraudo(d) adj adv tentative(ly)
~SeiZleba sth can(may/might) be dated,sth
dated/datable(by/to)
~SeuZlebelia sty does not lend itself to an
exact date;sth is undatable
~jvaredini cross dating
daTariRebis mizani n purpose of dating
~mizniT
for dating purpose
~piroba/sabuTi reliable hallmark for dating
daTariRebisas dayrdnoba v rely upon sth
50
for dating
daTariRebisaTvis vargisi adj (sth)datable
daTariRebuli adj datable/dated(by/to),dateshaped/dating from...
~saerTo aRiarebiT admittedly dated
daTvaliereba(ix.movla) v n examine(explore,obseve(ation),survey
~gamofenis/xedis v ger view(ing)
daTvi n bear
~ganamarxebuli n fossil ~ Ursus deningeri
~mura ~
brown ~
~mRvimis ~ cave ~
daTvisterfa(si) n (sing/pl.Lat), adj acanthus/acanthi
daTmoba v concede,let,recede
ar ~ hold one‟s own
daTqma v n arrange(ment),reserve(ation)
daTqmis gareSe adv without arrangement
daira n tambourine
daisi n decline,declining days,sunset
dakaveba(ix.ukavia) v hold, occupy
=dapatimreba v arrest,detain
dakavebuli adj arrested,busy,employed,engaged in,involved,occupied
dakavSireba v n associate(ion),bind to,conduct,combine(ation),connect(ion),co-ordinate(ion),link(age),relate(ion),sandwich
tie,annex(ation),bridge(ing)
dakavSirebiT...with regard to sth
dakavSirebuli adj associated,bound,combined,connected,co-ordinated,in cojuncton
with sth,intertwined,linked,related,tied,
sandwiched,annexed
~mWidrod closely connected/touched,relevant
~ramisa ramesTan v associate,attach,bind,
combine,connect,dove-tail,link
urTierT ~ associated,coherent,connected,interconnected,interlinking,related
dakanoneba v n canonize/legalize(ation),legitimate,legitimize
dakanonebuli
adj canonized,legalized
dakargva v lose,miss,vanish
~kontrolis lose control of sth
~teritoriis v n disrupt(ion)
~ugzoukvlod
v go missing
~upiratesobis lose favor to sth
dakarguli adj lost,missing,vaned
dakawruli adj scraped
dakbiluli adj cog(dentate,jag,notch,prong,denticulate,rib,scallop,serrate)(ed)
dakemsva/dakemsili v ger adj darn(ed)(ing)
dakepva/dakepili v adj ger grind(ed)(ing)
dakerva=dakereba v ger patch(ing)
dakerili
adj patched
dakeWna/dakeWnili v adj incise(d),notch(ed)
dakvadrateba v ger grid(ing),square off
dakvanZuli adj knotty
dakveTa v n book,order,reserve
dakvirveba v n ger consider(ation),observe
(ation),monitor(ing),supervise(ion)
dakvla(ix.samsxverplod) v butcher,kill,slaughter,stick
dakvra(ix.dakroba) v play(ing)
dakideba v hang, suspend
~jaWvze/jaWviT v hang by chains
dakidebuli adj hanging,hung,suspended
dakisreba v n confer, impose/imposition
daklaknili adj serpentine,snaky,winding
dakleba v become less,downgrade,lessen,
recede,satback(s),wane
dakmayofileba v n appease,confirm(ation),
conform,satisfy/satisfication,stir
~saWiroebis
satisfy needs for sth
dakmayofilebuli adj satisfied
daknineba v n decay into(eg town into village)
degrade/degradation,discount
~vinmesi v dwarf sb by sb
~mniSvnelobis/ramis downplay sth
dakninebuli adj degraded
dakodva v n castrate(ion),wound
dakodili adj castrated,wounded
dakonkreteba v give concrete expression
to sth,render sth concret
dakonserveba v n conserve/conservation
dakroba/dakruli v attach(ed),stick/stuck
dakrZalva v n ger burial/bury(ing),deposit
(ion),deposit(ion),dispose/disposal of a
a dead,inhume(ation),nterre/interment,
make interment,lay to rest
~meoradi
re-bury(ing),second burying
~iesosi
the Entomb(ment)
~wesi burial rite(s),mortuary practice
~ ~ aRsruleba administer a rite of funeral
dakrZaluli adj bury(deposit,entomb,interre)(ed)
dakuTxuli adj angular,cut,faceted
naxevrad ~ adj
sub-angular
dalageba v n ger arrange(ment),tide(ing)
~doneebis/fenebis mixedviT v adj superimpose(d)
~niSnebis mixedviT arrangement determined by…
dalamva v cover(ed) with silt
dalamuli adj silted
51
dalarva v whip
dalaqaveba/dalaqavebuli v adj spot(ed),
blur(ed),mottle(d) with sth
dalboba
v ger
soak(ing)
daleqva v n settle at the bottom,sediment
(ation)
dalocva v bless,give one‟s blessing
~wirvis bolos v n benedict(ion)
~jvriT v sain
dalocvili adj blessed(with sth)
dalursmva
v ger nail(ing)
~iesosi v ger
rivet(ing)
dalursmuli adj nailed, riveted
daluqva/daluquli v ger adj seal(ing)(ed)
dalpoba v split, rot
damaarsebeli n founder,originator
damabneveli adj baffle(confuse,disconcern,
mislead,perplex,puzzle(ing),distractive
damaboloebeli adj ending,final,terminal,
terminating
damabrmavebeli adj dazzling
damagvirgvinebeli(ix.qva) adj coping
damagreba v n attach,haft,hold by,pin,reinfrce(ment)
~liToniT v weld on
~ramis Tavze v mount on
~RerZze v pivot
damadasturebeli adj admit(attest,confirm,
document,exemplify,prove,witness(ing)
argumentative,assertive,corroborative,
indicative
damaimedebeli adj encouraging in.., sth of
great promise
damakavSirebeli adj bind(connect,link)(ing)
damakmayofilebeli adj satisfactory
damakmayofileblad(ix.miCneva) adv in
satifactory way,satisfactorily
damaluli adj hidden from
damamzadebeli n manufacturer
damamTavrebeliadj conclude(final,terminate)
(ing)
damamkvidrebeli adj establishing
damamtkicebeli adj corroborative,vindicating
~sabuTis gareSe sth without document/
evidence
damamcirebeli adj abusive,humiliating,insulting
damangreveli adj destructive,internecine
~vinme n destroyer
damangrevlad adv destructively
damarcxeba v n beat,defeat,fail(ure),fall,fizzle
out,overcome,prostrate(ion),vanquish
=jobna v take over
damarcxebis Tavs moxveva inflict defeat on
damarcxebuli adj beaten,defeated,fallen,
prostrate,vanquished,in smiting position
damarxva v ger bury/seal(ing)
~cocxlad bury alive
damasrulebeli adj ending,finishing
damateba v n ger add(ing)(ition),annex(ation)
attachment,complenent/supply(ing)
damatebani n pl additions,supplements,addendum/addenda,appendix/appendices
n sing/pl Lat.
damatebiT adv in addition to sth,additionally
damatebiTi adj additional,adjunctive,ancillary
complementary,external,extra,adjunct,
subsidiary,supplement(al)(ary)
damatebuli ram n added piece
damatyvevebeli adj captivating
damaSvrali
n adj bay
damaxasiaTebeli adj characteristic,diagnostic,distinctive,distinguishing,indicative,
indigeneous,inherent,peculiar,signifiicant for,similar,specific,typical
~raime adgilisTvis local to city/village,city/village specific,vernacular
damaxasiaTeblad adv characteristically
damaxinjeba v n deform(ation),distort(ion),
deform(ation),distort(ion),mutilate,warp
damaxinjebuli adj corrupt(deformdistort,misname,mutilate,warp)(ed)
damaxsovreba v keep/hold in mind,memorize,
remember,retain
damajerebeli adj cogent,convincing/convictive,credible,eloquent,persuasive,
plausible,trustful,valid,weight
damajereblad adv confidently,cogently,con
vincingly,eloquently,plausibly,trustfully
damgegmavi n planner
damdgeni adj determinative
damdegi
adj coming, ushering in
damdnari adj (s)melted
damzadeba v ger craft(fabricate,process,work)
(ing),make,manufacture,produce
~ramiT
make with
~ramisa ramisgan v fabricate/manufacture
sth from sth
~ramisgan make of/from sth
~iafi/Zviri cheap/expensive to make
damzadebuli adj craft(fabricate,manufacture
process,produce,work)(ed),made
damTavreba v be over, end, finish
damTavrebisTanave adv shortly after sth
damTavrebuli adj ended, finished
damTariRebeli adj dating
52
~ niSani
dating indication
damTxveva v n agree/coincide/coincidence,correlate/correlation
~nawilobriv(i)
partial coincidence
damTxveuli adj coincident,combined currently,correlative
~nawilobriv partially coincident
damizneba v ger aim(ing),align,lay
damkanonebeli n adj legislator,legislative,validating
damkveTi n client
damkvidrda v centered,deeply rooted,established,perpetuated
damkvidreba v n assert,constitute(ion),establish(ment),institute(ion)
~mosazrebis v n constitute(ion)
~sacxovreblad/momTabaris v sag,sink,
subside
~Cveulebis v become a custom
~xangrZlivad adv long establish(ed)
~xelaxla v n (re)assert(ion)/establish(me
nt)
damkvidrebuli adj asserted,(long/well)established, instiituted,ingrained,longstanding,persistant
damkvirvebeli n monitor,observer
damnaSave n criminal,sb guilty of sth
damokidebuleba v n attitude,concern,disposition,dependence,relation,treat(ment)
damokidebulebaSi...adv in relation to..,in connection with sb/sth
damokidebuli adj be bound,depend(ed/ent/
ing),subordinated
~vinme n a subject (eg king)
damokleba v ger shorten(ing),truncate
damoklebuli adj shorten/truncate(ed)
damoneba v n enslave(ment),subject(ion)
damonebuli adj enslave/subject(ed)
damontaJeba/damontaJebuli v n adj install
(ation)(ed)
damorCileba v n bring under,obey,subdue,
submit/submission to,subordinate/
subordination,subjugate,subjugation
~dampyrobelze v fallto sb
~vinmeze lay in the power of..,subjugated/
subordinated to sb/sth
~vinmes mier subjugate sb by sb
~rames conform to sth
~moTxovnebze/wesebze v comply with sth,
obeisance,submit the rules/rites
~xelaxla v reassign
damorCilebuli adj subject/subordinate(ed)
damoukidebeli adj independent,sb self-suff-
icient in sth,unaffiliated
damoukideblad adv independently,self-sufficiently,singularly,without outside help
~amisa/imisa adv
irrespective of sth
damoukidebloba n independence,selfsufficiency
damoqloneba(ix.moqloni) v ger rivet(ing)
damoqlonebuli adj riveted
damoZRvra v n adj admonish(ment),admonition,admonitory,lecture(n/v)
damowmeba v n confirm(ation),testify/testification,witness,be witnesed
~beWdiT v affix aseal,put a stump, stump
~sasargeblod/sapirispirod v testify
against/to
~saxalxod v n proclaim/proclamation
damowmebuli adj concern(confirm,witness)
(ed)
dampali adj decayed,rotten, split
dampyrob(el/lur)i adj n conquering,connqueror,invider,intruder,occupant,
subjugator
damrgvaleba v make sth round, round
damrgvalebuli adj rounded
damreci adj n (gently) sloping,inclined,oblique,receding,racking,slanting,steep
damsaxureba v n confer,deserve,earn,gain,
merit,win
damsaxurebiT
adv in sb‟s/its own merit
damsaxurebis qona v render great services
damsaxurebisamebr adv according to merit
damskdari adj crackled
damsxvreva v n batter,break(age),crack,crush
destroy,fracture,fragment,shatter,smash
damsxvreuli adj battered,broken,cracked,
crushed,destroyed,fractured,fragmented/fragmentary,smashed
~wvrilad adj shattered
damsjeli adj n vindictive,punisher
damtvreva v beat,crush,fragment into pieces
damtvreuli adj beaten,fallen into pieces
damtkiceba v n manifest(ation),prove
damtkicebuli adj proved,substantiated,validated
damumieba v n mummify/mummification
damuqreba v endanger,threaten,warn against
damuSaveba v n ger master/process(ing),modify,trade,treat(ment),trim(ing),work(ing),
sth into sth,cultivate(ion),exploit(ation)
~daxvewilad work out carefully,scrutinize
~zedmiwevniT v n elaborate/elaboration
~imis,risi ~SeiZleba v workable
~madnis v n exploit(ation)
53
~miwis v n cultivate/cultivation
~mSvenivrad
work out delicately
~naxevrad
half-work
~uxeSad
roughly worked
~winaswar pre-teat(ment)
~xelaxla re-make/work,second work-up
damuSavebis procesi n (re)cycling process
damuSavebisas
adv in working practices
damuSavebuli adj master(process,treat)(ed)
~naxevrad adj half-worked; worked up
damfuZnebeli n founder
damRa n brand,mark(er),punch,seal,stamp
~piradi(Zv.romSi) n sing/pl Lat. Secretum/secreta
~cxovelis yurze n earmark
~damsmeli
n marker
damRupveli adj disastrous, fatal
damyareba v base on/upon,establish,focus
on,rely on/upon
damyoli adj sth accommodating to sb/sth,
amenable,manageable,pliable
damSvideba v appease ,calm down,console,
pacify,placate,relieve,sedate
damSvidobeba n v adj farewell,retirement
damSrali adj dried
damcavi adj conservative,difencive,preserving,
protecting,protective,preventive
damcveli n advocate,assertor,defender,guardian,protector
mxurvale ~ fervent advocate
damcireba v n abuse,belittle,dishonour,humilitate/humiliation,insult,prostrate
~vinmes winaSe v adj prostrate
damcirebuli adj dishonoured,humiliated
damcroba v n belittle,diminish,discharge,reduce/reduction,restrict,come down,
wane,weaken
~teritoriis v recede
damcrobili adj diminish(discharge,reduce,
recede,restrict,wane,weaken(ed)
damZimeba v laden,weight
damwerloba n script,writing,written language
~antikuri berZ/egv.
hieratic script
~asomTavruli majuscule ~
~asuruli/lursmuli cuneiform=wedgeshaped characters
~gamartivebuli
demotic script
~nusxa-xucuri=nusxuri minuscule ~
~piktografiuli picture writing
~xazovani
liniar script
damwerlobamdeli
adj prehistory, pre/
proto literate
adj literate,recorded history
damwvari adj burnt down/out,scorched
Zlier ~ overburnt
damwifeba v ger ripen, season(ing)
damwifebuli
adj ripe, seasoned
damwyebi n beginner,novice
damWeri n catcher,cramp, holder
~samedicino n depressor
damxvduri n v host
damxmare adj aid,ancillary,auxiliary,facilitator,
helpful,subsidiary
~adamiani n assistant,helper,supporter
damxoba v turn sth upside down,subvert
~pirqve adamianis v prostrate oneself
damxroba v n orient(ate)(ion) towards…
damxrobili adj oriented/orientated towards..
damjdari adj seated
~mosaxleoba/cxovreba n adj sedentary/
sedentism
damjere adj amenable
dana(ix.danis) n knife
~basri subtle ~
~gamosaSigni curving ~
~erT/calfxiani one/single bladed ~
~zurgiani/yuiani
lop-eared ~
~namgala
sockle-like ~
~naxevarmTvarisebri bow-bladed ~
~pirwvrili
narrow-bladed ~
~samdicino
dissector
~sasxlavi
pruning knife
~saxvreti
flake
~
~tyavis budiT
~ on a leather sheath
~qvis knife(like) tool
~yasbis
butchering ~ cleaver
~walda
chopper
~xerxispiriani saw-bladed knife
danaTvla bedis v foretell
~saxelis v Christen (any name)
danakargi n toll, waste
danakeceba v n corrugate(ion)
danakuweba v hack and hew
danaleqebi n pl sediments
danaleqi n adj alluvium/alluvial,deposit(ed),
sediment(ary)
~zrdapiruli sedimentary deposition,surface stripping
~meoradi placer=secondary deposit
~narCeni residue
~xelaxali recurrent deposition
danaleqis warmoqmna v n precipitate(ion)
danamati adj n added/addition(s),additive(s),
damwerlobis Semdgomi
54
adjust,appendage
danamdvilebiT adv certainly,plausibly,presumably
~codna ramis know sth for sure
danarTi n annex,supplement
~naSromze/wignze n sing/pl Lat. appendix/appendices,index/indices
~werilze=baraTze n enclosure(s)
danarCeni n adj the rest/remaining,reminder
danayva(ix.nayva) v crush,mill, pound
danayofi n division,section
~yuTSi/CarCoSi n partition
danaSauli n criminal, fault
danaSaulis gamosyidva v n atone(ment)
danaSrevi n adj sediment(s)
danawevreba v n break down,destruction,
disintegrate(ion),dismember,diverge,divide/division,fragment(ation),mould,segregate/separate(ion),split,structure
~nawilebad spill off sth into sth
~farTobis v screen by partitions
~qveynis v adj batter(ed)
~tixriT/farTobis screen by partitions
~wvrilad
(fracture in) small scale pieces
danawevrebuli adj broken down,divided,
dismembered,fragmented/fragmentary,
segmented,separated,regularly spaced
~Tanabar nawilebad regularly spaced
~metyveleba v n articulate/articulation
danawileba v n disaggregate/distribute(ion),
fragment,(sub)divide/division
~vinmeze v apportion out to sb
danawilebuli adj distributed,fragmented/
disaggregated,fragmentary,subdivided
danaxarji/danaxarjebi n costs,expenditure
~drois constraints of time,time consuming
~mcdelobis v n invest(ment) of effort
~fulis/Sromis v n invest(ment) of money/
labour
danaxSireba v n ger carbonize(ation),char
(ing)
danaxSirebuli adj carbonized, charred
dangreva v n collapse,demolish(ion),destroy/
destruction,fall in ruins,pill/tear down,remove,ruin
dangreuli adj collapsed,destroyed,fallen
in ruin,pulled/torn dow,ruined
naxevrad ~ adj tumbledown
qveyana adj battered
dandobiT adv sparingly
danduri(s) n adj purslane, Portulaca oleraceea Lat.
danebeba(mters) v n surrender
~Tavis v give up, leave alone
danergva v n inculcate,ingrain,introduce,propagete(ion),spread,begin to practice
danergili adj inculcated,ingrained,introduuced,spread
danestianeba v moisten
danestianebuli adj moist,sodden
danis(ix.dana) mkeTebeli
n cutler
~piri
n
blade
~piris keTebis xerxi blade technology
~yunwi n haft, shaft
danisebri(ix.firfita)
adj knife-shaped
daniSvna v n ger appoint(ment),constitute(ion),mark(ing)
~qalis v n betroth(al),intend,affiance
daniSnuleba=daniSnulebis n a clear
meaning of sth,function,purpose,role,
significance,status,task
~savaWro
sth trade oriented
~sakulto/saritualo- sth for cult/ritual
purpose,cult,sacral
~samxedro/saomari of military/(war)fare pur
pose
~sxvadasxva
of intermediate use
daniSnulebiT=daniSnulebis adv adj of
purpose(s),intended for…
daniSnuli adj affiance(allocate,appoint.
assigne,betrothe,commission,intend,mark,note)(ed)
danomvra v n ger number(ing)
~winaswar v ger prenumber(ing)
daobeba v ger mould(ing)
daoTxili adj in all fours
daokeba v harness,straddle
daorsuleba v impregnate
daostateba v gain mastery of doing sth,
mastering
daostatebuli adj keen,mastered, skilled,
skillful
dapataraveba v dwarf,make sth less/smaller,
snap into sth
dapatimreba v ger arrest,detain,imprison,restrain
dapatimrebuli adj arrested,detained,imprisoned
dapireba v n be aiming to do sth,intend/intetion,pledge,promise,vow
dapirebuli adj promised,vowed
dapirispireba v n confront(ation),hostility,op
pose/opposition
dapirispirebuli adj opposed,opposing
dapkureba v sprinkle,trickle
55
~nelsacxeblis v perfume,scent
dapoba/dapobili v ger adj chop(ed)(ing)
daproeqteba v design,devise,project
daproeqtebuli adj designed,projected
dapyroba v n annex(ation),bring under
control,capture,conquer/conquest,
occupy/occupation,subdue by…
~xelaxla v reconquer
dapyrobili adj conquered,occupied,subdued
daJangva(ix.Jangi)
v corrode,patinate, rust
daJanguli adj corroded, patinated,rusted
daJinebiT adv insistantly,persistently,steadily
strongly
~moTxovna
insist/persist in doing sth
daraba n face-board,form(work),shutter
~xis face board,timber shuttering
darabebi n pl formwork,timber-shuttering
darabebiT dafarva v ger shutter(ing)
darabis frTa n leaf/wing of a sutter
darbeva v n crackdown,massacre,sacrilege
darbazin auditorium,chamber,hall,large room
~audenciebis/sefe darbazi audiencehall
~misaRebi(sazeimo) reception room
~mosacdeli vestibule
~sataxto
throne room
darbileba v soften
darbilebuli adj softened
dargva v ger plant(ing)
dargi n area of.., branch, field
~aramwarmoebluri adj nonprofit(able)
darTva(Zafis) v ger
spin(ing)
~ramisa rameze v apply,attach,enclose
darTuli(Zafi) adj
spun
=Tan applied,attached,enclosed
darigeba v n deliver(y)
dariSxani(s) n adj arsenic
dariSxaniani adj arsenical,arsenius
dariCini(s)(sakmazi) n adj cinnamon=cinnamonum gen (Lat)
dartyma v n blow,hit,impact,persecution,strike,thrust on
~bolo final blow
dartymiTi adj percussion
dartymis moedani striking platform
~wertili n bulb of percussion
darqmeva v call sb/sth somehow,dub,label,name,proclaim,term
darRveva v break,confound,destroy,disturb,violate/violation
darRveuli adj broken,confounded,destroy-
ed,disturbed,violated
darCa v remained,retained in(eg stone),stayed
darCena v n remain,stay,survive/survival
darCenili adj left over,remained/reminder,re
sidual,the rest,stayed,survivor
darCeva v ger shell(ing)
darCeuli=garCeuli
adj shelled
darCilva v solder, weld on
darCiluli adj soldered, welded on
darwmuneba v argue,assume,assure,convince/convinction,ensure,persuade
darwmunebiT adv confidently,convincingly,
certainly,(un)plausibly
darwmunebuli adj be certain(confident,convinced,reliant,sure)
darwmunebuloba n convonction
darwyuleba v drink
= bibl. v have a big drink
darWoba v pierce, thrust
darWobili
adj pierced
dasabami v n adv give birth/rise to sth,origin,
from the very beginning,from time
immemorial
dasabuTeba v n argument,document(ation),
justify/justification,postulate(ion),reason
dasabuTebuli adj documented,justified,proved,substantiated,reasonable,valid,
witnessed
dasadgmeli ram(zevidan) n added piece
dasavleT(i) n adj Hesperia,Occident(al),west,westward
=evropa/evropuli
OOccident(al)
ukiduresi ~ most westernly,westmost
dasavleTiT adv westwards=westings
~mimarTuli adj west bound
dasavlelebi v pl the Occidentals,westerners
dasavlurad=evropulad adv Occidentally
dasavluri adj Occidental, western
~mimdinareoba n west bound train
dasaTaureba v n (en)(sub)title, head
dasakeraveba
v n
patch
dasklavi xelsawyo n killing tool
dasakrZalavi(ix.episedioni) adj funeral,
funerary,mortuary
~baldaxini n sing/pl Lat. ciborum/ciboria
~
~
naWeri n canopy
~gvirgvini n
funeral wreath
~darbazi n burial/funerary chamber
~doqi,urna,qila n cinerary urn/vase
~etli n chariot,hearse
~simRera n v lament, Epicedion(i) n sing/pl
Gr.
56
epicedion(i)
~taZari n funerary temple
~forani n wooden bier
~Senoba n charnel house
dasamaxsovrebeli adj memorable,momentous
dasamtkiceblad advili adj provable
~Zneli adj unprovable
dasamuSaveblad vargisi adj workable
~uvargisi adj not workable
dasasrulamde miyvana bring to heel
dasasrul(s)...adv at the end..,and finaly,summing up…
~miaxloeba encounter (the) end
dasasruli n climax,commencement,decline,
end of sth,fall,final end/years,finish,end
of sth,near end,waning years,tail end of..
~daaCqara precipitate the end of sth
dasasrulisken adv near end,start to wane,
towards the end
dasasruls miaxloveba v encounter end
dasaRupad ganwiruli adj sb doomed
dasayrdeni n
footing, prop, support
dasaSvebi(a) adj admittable,admissible,plausible,(very)probable
dasaCuqreba v n confer,(gift)-giving,grant,
endowe,present
dasawyisi v n commence(ment),( (very)beginning,(the)start of,daybreak,prelude
dasawyisidan(ve) adv at the start,initially,originally,at/from the outset
dasawyisisTvis adv at the turn of (eg.MBA)
~drois by the beginning of (eg. MBA)
dasawyisSi adv at the beginning/start,daybreak,head,initially,in early(eg 1920s),
at first,onset of sth
dasawyisSive adv from the onset/outset of…
dasaxeleba(ix.saxeli) n v appelation,cite,
designation,mention(ing),name(ing),nomenclature
dasaWuriseba v castrate,emasculate
dasaxeleba v ger nam(ing)
dasaxleba v n habitate(ion),inhabit,hamlet,
occupy/occupation,people,populate,
settle(ment)
~gafantuld/dafantulad sparcely settled
~gviani/mogviano latesty occupation
~meCxeri thinly occupied (site)
~mogviano ater occupation of the site
~mudmivi permanent settlement
~mcired low population
~mZlavri extensive ~
~mWidro densely populated (site)
~mWidrod teeming with residents/people
~saero
temporal settling
~savaWro
trade settlement
~sanavsadguro
port settlement
~sofluri
rural area/settlement
~qalaquri
township.urban settlement
~xalxis v n populate/population
~ ~ xelaxla v n repopulate/population
~xelaxla v n reoccupy/occupation
dasaxlebis simZlavre n intensity
~simWidrove n density of population
dasaxlebuli adj inhabited/inhabiting by,
occupied,populated,settled
~dafantulad/Txlad sparsely settled
~mcired low population,thinly populated
~mWidrod/Warbad densely/heavily populated,overpopulated,teeming with residents/
people
dasajerebeli
adj believable
~Znelad/Zneli hard to believe,highly unlikely
daserva v ger cut(ing),incise
dasveleba v ger moisten(ing), wet(ing)
dasveneba v ger rest(ing), lie/lying
~micvalebulis TaviT... with head oriented towards…
~
~ gamosaTxovrad lie sb in state
dasvra n v blur, grime
dasi n assembly,company,throng,troup
daskvna v n assume/assumption,conclude/conclusion,concept,consequence,inference,
observation,state(ment),sum up,summary
synopsis/synopses (Lat),upshot
~amagrebs reinforce conclusion
~TavSekavebuli sobering ~
~naucbaTevi/naCqarevi hurried ~
daskvnamde misvla v come to the conclusion
daskvniTi adj concludive/conclusive,drastic,
final,summary,ultimate
daskvnis gadaxedva v n revise/revision
~gakeTeba/gamotana n v resume
~saxiT summaringly
dasma v perch,put,set,sit
~mTis Tavze v perch on,set into/onto
~ramisa rameze n mount on,put/rest on/
upon,sit(surmount,superimpose)sth
by/on sth
~sadgarze/fexze v set/sit sty on a stand
~sakiTxis v put forward
daspirtva
v
preserve in alcohol
dasresa/dasresili v sdj stir, stirred
dasrulda v ended,finished,resulted in sth
57
dasruleba v n accomplish, bring to an end
complete/completion,conclude/conclusion,end
(ing),finish,result,terminate(ion),put an end
to sth,bring to heel
dasrulebuli adj accomplished,ended,finifinished,terminated
~saxiT consolidated(eg report),final form
dasturdeba sth(is) attested(borne out by sth,
confirmed,proved,recorded,witnessed)
sth can be traced…
~arq.monapovriT shy is illustrated by the
archaeological evidence
ver ~
sth remains unproved
~magaliTiT sth is exemplified by/with
~sabuTiT/CanaweriT sth is recorded from..
dasturi n attestation,confirmation,indication,
evidence,justification,proof,testimony
~arsebobis an indication of sth
~aSkara the clearest indication of sth
~kidev erTi n by the same token
mSvenieri ~ fine demonstration of sth
naTeli ~ a stanning illustration of/to sth
~pirdapiri/srulyofili stark testimony
~ramisa testimony of sth,sth is ~ of sth
~srulyofili stark testimony to sth
~utyuari/mware poignant testimony
dasusteba v ger n delute,emasculate,debilitate(ion)prostrate,start to wane,weakaken(ing)
dasustebuli adj weakened, prostrate
daswreba v n anticipate,admit/admission,participate/participation
dasja v n execute(ion), punish(ment)
dasjerda/dasjerde v sb is content/satisfied
dasjili
adj punished
datana v complete sth,draw(plot/trace)on,inscribe,maintain,superimpose,transfer
~anabeWdis v stencil
~naxazze v plot/trace on
~rukaze v map(plot/trace) on
~xelsawyoTi apply with sth
datanili adj sth completed with sth,drawn
(plotted/traced) on,inscribed,maintained
dataceba v n depredate/depredation(s)
datborva v ger drawn(dump/flood)(ing)
datborili adj drawned,dumping grounds,
flooded area
datenianeba v ger moisten(ing)
datena=datenva v ger fill(pack,staff)(ing)
datenili adj packed
datvirTva v ger charge/load(ing),replete
~Tanabrad ganawilebuli diagonal
thrust
~mTeli n emphasis placed on sth
datvirTuli adj charge(load,pack)ed,laden
datvifvra v ger press(punch,stamp)(ing)
datvifruli adj
pressed, stamped
datireba n v cry for sb,lament, wailing
datixvra v n compartmentalize,partition,screen by partitions
datixruli adj compartmentalized,partitioned,screened by partitions
datkepna v ger beat, tamp(ing),tread(ing)
datkepnili adj primed,rammed,trampled,
trodden
datoveba v leave,walkout
datotvili adj branchy
datyveveba v n allure,cage-up,capture,captivate/captivation
datyvevebuli adj caged-up,captivated,captured
daudasturebeli adj disproved,not confirmed/documented,unjustified,unproved
daudgeneli adj not definite(determined,documented),still debated,uncertain,undefined,unidentified,unrestricted,unsettled,unspecified,disputed,vague
~warmomavlobis sth of uncertain origin
daudgenloba n ambiguity,obscurity,uncertainty
daudevrad adv awkwardly,carelessly,clumsily,incompletely,in a slip-shod way,
offhand
daudevroba n awkwardness,carelessness,
clumsiness,incomplectness
dauviwyari adj memorable,unforgettable
dauzianebeli adj complete,intact,undisturbed
dauzustebeli adj not uncertainable,uncetain
dauTariRebeli adj undated
daukonkretebeli adj vague
daumagrebeli
adj not fixed,unattached
daumarcxebeli adj invincible, undefeated,
unconquerable
daumorCilebeli adj recalcitrant,refractory,
unbowed,unruly,unsubjugated
~da mRelvare turbulent
~qalaqi/cixe adj impregnable
daumorCilebloba n v defy
daumuSavebeli adj crude,raw,rough
daunawevrebeli adj unbroken,unpartitioned
daundobeli adj grim,ruthless,severe
daundoblad adv grimly,severely
dauokebeli adj insatiable,overwhelming,pas
58
sionate,varacious
dauokeblad adv insatiably,varaciously
dauokebloba n insatiability
daupyrobeli adj unconquerable
daurwmunebloba n qualm
dausabuTebeli adj not documented,flimsy,
precarious,superficial,unfounded,unproved,
unreasonable,unsupported,unsubstantial
~varaudis gamoTqma n v conjecture
dausabuTeblad adv unsubstantially
dausaxlebeli adj free land,not occupied
(settled,uninhabited)
dausrulebeli adj continuing,endless,not
finished,unfinished
dautixravi adj unpartitioned
daufaravi
adj unconcealed
daufasebeli adj unrewarded
daufasebloba v n underestimate(ion)
dauRalavi/daucxromeli adj tireless
dauRvinebeli adj
immature
dauyovnebeli adj (most) immediate
dauyovnebliv adv immediately,instantly,momentarily,promptly,without delay
dauyovneblivi adj immediate,momentarily,
prompt
dauyoliebeli adj recalcitrant
dauyofeli adj not divided,unpartitioned
dauSreteli/daucxrobeli adj inexhaustible
daucalkevebeli
adj undivided
daucvelad adv insecurely,unsecured
daucveli adj insecure,unsecure
dauZinebeli mteri adj tireless,untired
dauZleveli adj invincible,unconquerable
dauZlurebuli adj weakened
dauxelovnebeli
adj pedlar
dauxvewavi adj careless,crude,immature,offhand,rough,unkempt,unsophisticated,
not refined
dauxvewaoba n carelessness,roughness,uncertainty
daujdomeli(bibl.) n Gr. Akathistos
daujerebeli adj implausible,omprobable,
incredible,sth highly unlike,unbelievable
daujereblad adv highly unlikely,incredibly,
unbelievably
daujerebloba
n incredibility
daujildoebeli adj unrewarded
dafa n board,plank,plate,slab,scutcheon
dafanjruli adj filigree,open-work
dafarva v conceal,cope,cover,deem,hide,
overshadow, roof,shelter
~gzebiT/qseliT v network
~TovliT/ramiT v blanket
~Txlad v thinly-clad
~naTesebiT v carpet,cover
~wyliT v dump,flood
dafaruli adj conceal(cover,deem,overshadow,roof,shelter)(ed), hidden
dafarcxva v ger harrow(ing)
dafdafi n (kettle)drum
dafena v ger floor(pave,plank)(ing)
dafeneba v n accumulate/deposit(ion),strip
~vulkanuri fenebis stratovolcano
~zedapiruli surface deposition/stripping
dafenebuli adj accumulated,belaid down,
deposited,juxtaposed,superimposed
dafenili adj sth covered(floored/paved)
with sth
daferdeba n inclination,slope
daferdebuli adj sloping
daferva
v ger plate(ing)
daferili
adj equipped, plated
daferflili adj sth reduced to ashes
dafvla
v bury, dig,hide
dafluli adj buried, dug, hidden
dafna/dafnis adj bay,lourel,Laurus nobilis L.
~gvirgvini
~ wreath
~gvirgvinosani loureat(ed)
~ foTlisebri bay leaf-shaped
dafoladeba v forge, weld on with steel
dafufqva v scald
dafuZneba v n base,found(ation), establish
(ment),start
=dasaxleba v settle
~rameze base/found on sth
dafuZnebuli adj base(establish,found,settle,
start)(ed)
dafqva v ger grind(ing),mill(ing),pound(ing)
dafqvili adj grinded,milled,pounded
dafSvna v ger crumple(crush,grind)(ing),fracture,grate
dafSvnili adj crumbled,crushed,fractured,
grated,grinded
dafxvna/dafxvnili v adj crumble/crush(ed)
~wvrilad v adj fragment(ed)
daqadneba v pledge
daqaneba/daqanebuloba adj n v slope,steep(ness)
daqanebuli(ix.mxari) adj gently sloping,
slanting,steep
daqancva v exhaust
daqaragmeba v (use) tilde (titlo)
daqveiTeba v n degrade(ation),scale down
daqvemdebareba v n depend(ance),subordi-
59
~naSromze refer(ing) to…
~rameze v embark on sth
~ramisa rameze v rest upon,support on/upon
~faqtze v pin down
dayrdnobili(a) adj sth carries(eg the roof),
sth rested upon sth/supported by sth
dayursuli adj sb/sth with pricked ears
=daxunZluli adj sth dotted/pappered
with sth
daSeneba v build on(to),construct on the top of
earlier foundation/layer,raise the height
~adrindel saZirkvelze/fenaze construct
on top of earlier foundation/level
daSenebuli adj sth built on(to)/upon
daSveba v ger descend from sth,lower(ing)
~ramis v n accept sth as sth,acknowledge,
dge,admit that sth could be done,
assume/assumption,concede,permit,presume,presuppose
~sadme v let in
~qveviT v descend upon sth,come/go down
~xelis v let down an arm/a hand down
daSvebuli adj assumed,lowered
~azri/moqmedeba admitted,allowed
daSineba v ger bully(ing),frighten,intimidate
daSinebuli adj bullied,frightened,intimidated
daSifvra v code,encipher
daSla v n breakdown,disintegrate/disaggregate(ion),dismantle,disperse,disrupt(ion),fall into pieces,fragment(ation),disaggregate
(ion),mould away/down,perish,split
naxevrad ~
v n semidissociate(ion)
daSna(safarikao) n foil
daSoreba raRacisgan v ger recede(ing)
daSorebuli(ix.qveynis) adj far, remote
daSoSmineba v placate
daSreveba v n bedding,deposit(ion),sediment
stratify/stratification
daSrevebuli adj accumulate/deposit(ed),
sedimentary
daSroba v dry-up
daStrixva v ger hatch(ure)(ing),shade(ing)
daStrixuli adj hatchured,shaded
daCeCva v ger
nap(ing)
daCvretili adj holed/holey,perforate/prick
(ed)
daCiTva v ger print(ing),stamp(ing)
daCiTuli adj
printed, stamped
daCoqeba v genuflect,go down/sink on one‟s
knees,kneel down
daCoqili adj genuflected, knelt
daCrdilva v dazzle,obscure, shade
daCutva v n collapse
nate(ion) to
daqvemdebarebuli adj depended,subordinated,subsidiary
daqvrivebuli
adj widowed
daqiraveba v employ,hire,loan,rent
daqiravebuli adj employed,hired,loaned,
rented
~vinme n
employee
daqorwineba v ger marry(ing)
daqorwinebuli adj married
daqucmacebav disintegrate(ion),fragment(ing),
hack and hew,tack in(to) pieces
daqucmacebuliadj disintegrated,fragmented,
hacked and hewn,tacked in(to) pieces
daRarva v ger channel,corrugate,floot/groove(ing),strait,slot
~kverviT
v hammer
daRaruli adj corrugate(floot,groove,hammered,striate)(ed)
daRvenTeba v ger pour(ing), spill
daRvineba v ger (vint)age(ing),season(ing)
daRvra v spill
~sisxlisa qveynisaTvis shed blood (for
one‟s country)
daRi n v brand,mark,stamp
~sircxvilis n sing/pl Lat. stigma(tis)
daRmavali adj descending
daRmarTi n declivity, slope(ing)
daRupva v n die/death,destroy/destruction,
downfall,loss,perish,ruin
daRupuli adj dead,destroyed,lost,perished,
ruined
dayalibeba v ger cast(form,model,mould)
(ing)
dayalibebuli adj cast, formed,moulded
dayeneba v n install(ation)(ment),put sth on
sth,set up
~xelaxla v n re-install(ation)(ment)
dayenebuli adj installed
dayvana v reduce sth to sth,refine down into…
dayovneba
v delay, pause
dayolieba vinmesi v reason
dayofa v n break down,divide,class,fragment(ation),separate(ion),structure,categorise
dayofili adj broken down,divided,classed,
fragmented,separated,structured
~nawilebad
dismember(ed)
dayra/dayrili v adj
pile(d)
dayrdnoba v base/focus on,lean on/upon,
rest on,support,terminate(ion)
~daTariRebisas rely upon sth for dating
~kamaTisas base sb‟s argument on sth;on
the basis of sth
60
daCqareba v n ger accelerate(ion),quicken
(ing),precipitate(ion)(ing)
~movlenebis v precipitate the matters
daCxvleta v ger prick(ing), score
dacalkeveba v n disaggregate/separate(ion),
differentiate(ion),grow apart
dacalkevebuli adj discrete,separated
dacarieleba(ix.dacla) v empty
dacarielebuli adj empty/emptied
dacema v n be saked,dawn(drop,fall),fall away
/down,decline,decrease,discharge,(down)
drop,prostrate,reduce/reduction,satback(s),
suffer collapse,wane,wither
~brZolaSi fall on battlefield
~qalaqis/cixis v n fall
~xarisxis quality/standard drop
dacemis wlebi waning years
dacereba n battice,glacis,scarf
~zeviT battice
dacerebuli adj squint, warped
dacva v n ger custody,defend,difence,house,
guard,keepsafe,preserve(ation),protect
(ing)(ion),secure,shelter,support,wall
=mofareba n v overshadow,shield
~piradi body guard
~SesaZlebelia sth is defencible
dacvarva v n dew, granulate(ion)
dacveTa/dacveTili v adj wear/worn out
dacviTi adj defencive
dacvis saWiroeba n need of security
dacilebuli adj far(away),remote
dacla v n empty,devastate(ion),depopulate
(ion),havoc
~soflis/qveynis v ravage sth
dacliliadj emptied,devastated,depopulated
=uqoneli material referent
dacoba/dacobili v adj cork(plug,stopper)
(ed)
daculad adj defended,housed,kept safe,held in store,preserve(protectsecure,shelter,
support,wall)(ed),safe,secure(ly)
daculoba n defencibility,keeping,providence
preservation,security,safety
dacureba/dacurebuli v adj drift/slip(ed),
dacxriluli adj honeycombed
dacxroma v calm down
~rameze v swoop down/on
daZabva v n intensify/intensification,tense/tension
daZabuli adj intense,intensive,strained,
strenuous,taut
~urTierTobebi n pl usu. tensions
daZabuloba n intencity,strain,tension(s),turb-
ulence
daZerwva v apply/attach to,lay on
daZerwili adj applied/attached to, laid on
daZveleba v ger age(ing),make sth older
daZvelebuli adj aged,dilapidated
daZirva v ger sink(ing)
daZleva v get over,master(ing) of sth,overcome,undertake
daZmobileba v ger twin(ing)
daZonZili adj tattered
dawaxnageba v cut, facet
dawaxnagebuli adj faceted
dawalikebuli adj move(ing) nose to tail
dawebeba v attach,paste,stick on
dawebebuli adj attached, stuck
daweva v catch up
dawera/dawerli v adj inscribe(d),write/
written
~ise,rom ar waiSalos
~ ~ indelibly
daweriloba n outline,spelling,tracing,way of
writing
daweseba v award,inact,ompose,institute,orddain,prescribe
dawesebuli adj award(impose,institute)(ed)
daweuli adj lowered, reduced
dawewva v ger nap(ing)
dawva(ix.wesi) v burn down, scorch
~koconze/cecxlze burn at the stake;commit to the flames
~micvalebulis v n cremate(ion), pyre
~yvelafris n holocaust
~jojoxeTSi v burn in hell
dawveTeba v pour, spill
dawvna v braid, plait
dawvrileba qvevidan zeviT v battice
dawvrilebiT adv in details,explicitely,precisely
dawvrilebiTi adj detailed
~aRwera detailed/elaborate description
dawvrilebuli adj tapered
dawinaureba v leave behind sb
dawindva v n betrothe/betrothal
dawinduli adj betrothed
dawinwkvla v mottle,spatter,speckle,spot
dawinwkluli adj dot(spatter,mottle,speckle,
spot)(ed),polka
dawmenda v n purify,purification,refine(ment)
dawmendili adj purified
dawnuli adj braided,interwoven,plaited
dawola v n levy,lie,(put) pressure,tension
dawolili
adj lain
dawreta v channel off
61
dawuneba v despise,discard,dislike,reject
dawunebuli adj discarded,rejected
dawyeba v n ger begin(ing),commence(ment),
dawn,get sth start to develop,give way
to sth,initiate,rise,start
~ xelaxla v restsrt
dawyebiTi adj beginning,initial,original,primary,starting
dawyebisas adv at the commencement of sth
dawyebisTanave adv with the commencement
of sth
dawyebuli
adj begun,initiated,started
dawyevla v n curse,consign to,damn(ation),
imprication,prediction,put curse on sb
dawyevlili adj
damned,cursed
dawyvileba v ger pair(ing),twin(ing)
dawyvilebuli adj paired, twinned
dawyoba v lay out, load,place,put
~rigSi
align
daWdeva v engrave,impress,incise,notch,stamp
daWdeuli adj impressed,incised,notched
daWedeba v ger hammer(ing), nail(ing)
daWedva(cxovelis) v hill, nail up, shoe
daWera v arrest, catch
~CarCoTi
hold by frame
~xelSi
hold
daWeWyili adj crushed
daWimva n v stretch
daWimuli adj stretched,taut
daWimuloba n
tension
daWirveba v necessitate sth
daWirxna v ger beat,ram(ing),supercharge
daWirxnuli adj rammed, supercharged
daWknoba/damWkanari v adj wither(ed)
daWmuWvna v crickle,crumple,rumple,trumple
daWra/daWrili v adj apiece(d), cut
~arseba v adj hurt(ed),wound(ed)
daWyleta/daWyletiliv ger adj press(ed)
daxavseba v be overgrown with moss
daxarisxeba v n ger categorize(ation),classify/classification,screen/sort(ing)
daxarisxebuli adj classified,sorted out
daxasiaTeba v n categorize/characterize(ation),interpret(ation),portray
daxatva=xatva v ger draw(paint,render)(ing)
~zevidan Zvelze draw/paint on top of sth,
superimpose by sth
daxatuli adj drawv, painted
daxeva ukan v retreat
daxelovneba v n master,practice,specialize
(ation) in sth
=xelovaneba n artistry
daxerxva=xerxva v saw
(da)xveva v (en)wind, wind round
daxveuli adj enwinded,twisted,winding
daxvewa v n ger accomplish(ment),master
(ing),refine(ment),sophisticate(ion),
work carefully out
daxvewilad adv deftly,elaborately,masterly,ornately
~gakeTebuli expertly done/made,well crafted
~gamosaxuli elaborately patterned
daxvewili adj accurate,accomplished,advanced,efficient,delicate,elaborate,expressive,
elegant,,fancy,fine,graceful,high skill,mastered,mature,neat,ornate,quaint,refined,sophisticated,subtle,terse
daxvewiloba n delicacy,elaboration/elaboratness,neatness,refinement,sophistication,subtlery
daxvreta/daxvretili v adj hole(y)
daxlarTuli adj knotty
daxli n booth, counter
daxmareba v n aid,assist(anance),contribute
(ion),help,promote(ion),support,
accommodate(ion),administer
daxra v n incline/inclination,slope
daxrilad
adv bias, pitched
daxrili adj be askew,bias,inclined,leaning,
oblique,pitched,slope/sloping
~cal mxares adj slanting, splay
~Sesasvleli/Casasvleli ramp, slope
daxriloba n bias,gradient,inclination,pitch,
glacis,slope,steepness
~ganivi adj
lateral tilt
~grZivi adj
liniar ~
daxrilobis kuTxe n pitch
daxraxna v ger screw(ing)
daxsomeba v bear in mind,remember,retain
daxunZluli(ara xe) adj (an area thickly)
dotted/peppered with sth
daxurva
v ger block(ing),close,cover,roof,
shut
=dasruleba v bring the curtain down on sth
daxuruli adj block(close,cover,roof)(ed),
shut
daxSoba v close,lock
wyaros ~ deprive of (re)source(s)
dajabna v get upper hand,oppress,suppress
dajameba v ger bulk,sum(marise)(ing),total
dajarimeba v n fine,penalty,punish
dajaxeba v n collide/collision
dajgufeba v n ger assemblage/assemble,
assembly,group(ing)
62
~mWidrod tightly grouped
~jgufad grouped together
dajgufebuli adj assembled, grouped
dajda=Rirda v sth cost
dajildoeba(ix.jildo) v n grace sth with
sth,grant,endowe,reward
dajildoebuli adj bestowed,granted,rewarded sb by sb
~niWiT sb gifted,endowed with..,
~raime TvisebiT adj imbued
~wiaRiseuliT adj endowed,furnished
dajira(mc) n (Lat) Salvia verticillata
dgari n king post,stud,tent-pole
dgas v stands/is standing,positioned
~axlos=gavs v sth closely resembles…
~gamarTulad v sb stands upright
~rameze v sty rests upon
~calke stand(s) alone
dgeba=iwyeba v sth comes into being at/in
dgimi n hackle, reed
dgoma inf. standing
mxarSi ~ v support sb
dgomis adgili n stopping place
debiti n debitage
debuleba n statement
dedaboZi n bearing/king post,central pole
~T-s formis n T-shaped pillar
dedakaci=mdedri n female, woman
dedamiwa(ix.qerqi) n the earth
dedamZuZe n foster-mother, wet-nurse
dedani n adj original=genuine
dedaqalaqi n capital(town),dominant city
Tana ~
n co-capital
kuTxis/mxaris ~ cantonal/regional capital
saerTo ~
central ~
dedaqani(s) n adj alluvial(bed,native,parent)
rock
dedofali n queen
dedoflis yvavili(mc) n nasturtium=Tropaeolum Lat.
devna v n persecute/persecution,persue/persuit
~fexdafex adv hang on the rear
devnili
n adj exile,outlaw,refugee
=gaqceuli patimari n fugitive
=kanongareSe gamocxadebuli vinme
outlaw
devnilobaSi adv in exile/wondering exile
dezertiri n a fugitive from a battle
dezi n claw
dezisebri adj claw-shaped
deka/dekis n adj Rhpdendron Caucasica Lat
dekanozi n archpriest
dekemberi(ix.apnisi,tirisdeni,qristeSobisa) n December
dekeuli n heifer
dekoratiuli
adj decorative
dekreti
n decree
demarSi
v n walkout
demiTologizacia v n demithologise
(ation)
demoni n d(a)emon(s), Gr. daimon
denari=dinari n sing/pl Lat. denarius/denarii
dendrologia n dendrology
dendroqronologia n dendrochronology
dendroqronologiuri adj dendrochronological
denTi(s)=Tofis wamali(ix.sapirwamle) n
adj gun-powder
~ =tyvia-wamlis sawyobi n powder
magazine
derefani n corridor, gallery,passage(way)
despoti(a) n Gr. despot(ia)
despoturad adv arbitrarily
despoturi adj despotic
detalebi=nawilebi n pl fitments,fittings
detalebis damWeri soli n cleat
~Semkvreli nawili binding piece
detali(ix.sxmuli) n detail
detalizacia v adj work out in detail,detailed
detalurad adv elaborately, in detail(s)
definicia v n define/definition
deficituri=iSviaTi adj sth in short supply,scarce
deformacia v n deform(ity)
~bunebrivi
natural deformity
~ganzrax
premidiate ~
~gaciebisas
shrinking ~
~grZivi liniar ~
~dasaSvebi
permissible ~
~moculobiTi size ~
~sicocxleSi ~ in lifetime
~uneblie
unpremidiated ~
~wrTobisas
by hardening/tempering ~
~xelovnuri
artificial ~
deformirebuli adj deformed, warped
dvrili n nipple
dvrilisebri adj nipple-shaped
dvrini(xma) bass profundo=profondo
dvutavrebi(ani) double T or W or H beam ceiling when space between them is bowshaped
63
diabazi=dioriti(s) n adj diabase,greenstone
diagonalze=diagonalurad adv diagonal
ly
diagonali n diagonal
diagrama/diagramuli n adj chart diagram
(atic),sharp deliniation
diadema n diadem
diadi adj grand, great, majestic
diadoxos n sing/pl Gr. Diadochos/diadochoi
diakvani=diakoni n deacon,reader,sacristan,
saxton
diakvnoba n diaconate
diakritika n diacritics
diametri
n diameter=dia
~ganivi
cross ~
~gare
outer ~
~grZivi longitudinal ~
~saSualo medium ~
~udidesi
the longest/maximum ~
~umciresi the smallest/minimum ~
~Sida
inner ~
diametrulad
adv diametrically
~sapirispiro
~ opposite
diaspora n Gr.
diaspora
diatomuri(ix.wyalmcenare) adj diatom
diaqronuli adj diachronic(al)
did...
pref large,big
~farTobze
over a vast/wide area
~xans adv for (a) long (time),over a long
didad(ix.metismetad) adv greatly,profoundly
~aWarbebs v far exceeds
~damaimedebeli adj
encouraging
~madlieri adj (be) most grateful
didgvarovani n adj noble
didgvarovneba n celebrity
didgvarovnebi n pl nobility
didgula(si)(mc) n adj Sambucus rocemosa
Lat
dideba n glory,glories of magnificenc,splendour,fame,grandeur
~gardasul droTa prosperity of earlier
times
ukvdavi ~ imperishable glory
Zveli
~
former ~
warsuli ~ the glories of the past,earlier
prosperity,prosperity of earlier times
didebiT adv with glory
didebis dReebi greatest days
~mwvervali/mwvervalze n pinnacle
~xana age of greatness
didebulad adv prominently,superbly
didebuleba n bravery,greatness,grandour,
gorgeousnessmagnificence,majesty,fame,
numinous,resplendence,splendour
didebuli adj dazzling,distinguished,grand(eur),great(est),glorious,elevated,intrepid
majestic,magnificent,outstanding,prominent,splendid,superb
= adamiani n grandee
~karis n cortier,Gentleman of the household, nobleman
didebulni n pl nobles,nobility
gvaris ~ clan aristocracy/nobility
didi adj big,grand,great,large,major,prominent,vast, widescale
~adamiani,mecnieri,swavluli n the
Great(s)
~deda RmerTi the Great Mother Goddess
didkacoba n lordliness
didmarxva=saaRdgomo(ix.marxva) n Lent
didmarxvis pirveli dRe Ash Wednnesday
~
~ orSabaTi first Monday in
Lent
~ wina dRe n Shrove Tuesday
didmowame n Great Martyr
didostati n Great Master
didcxvira adj big-nosed
didZali adv multitudes of(objects/people)
diTirambi n dithyramb
dinasti(a) n dynast(y)
~damkanonebeli/kanonmdebeli validating
~modis... ~ descend(ed)(s) from sb N
dinastiuri
adj dynastic
~kavSiri/jaWvi ~ coherence
dineba(ix.qve...)
n current, flow, stream
~mudmivi constant flux
dinebis sapirispirod
adv upstream
dingi n snout
dioriti n adj diorite
diofiziti n adj Dyophysit
diplomatia n diplomacy
~saxalxo relations on human level
diplomatiuri adj diplomatic
~korpusi
~ corpse
~samsaxuri ~ service,exercise diplomacy
~urTierTobani
~ exchange
~urTieTobaTa Sewyveta close down ~ ~
dipteruli adj dipteral
diptixi n diptych
dire n bar, beam,floor joist, girder,joist
~ganivi
cross/grating beam
dirhami=dirhemi n dirham
64
diskanti(xma)
n treble
disko n disc=disk
=firfita
n plaque
diqtatori n dictator
diqtatura n dictatorship
dnoba=lRoba v n ger fuse,fusing,fusion,
(s)melt(ing)
dnobadi=lRobadi adj fusible
dnobiT Sereva=Sednoba v …by alloying
dnobis wertili n melting point
dnobisas Sereva v alloy with sth
do/dosi n adj buttermilk
dogma n dogma
dogmati n doctrine,dogma,law,tenet
dogmaturi adj dogmatic
doza=ulufa n dosage/dose
doziT adv to a certain extent
doinji n one‟s hands akimbo
dokumentacia n documentation, record(s)
dokumentaciis Seqmna v ger record(ing)
dokumentirebuli adj documented
dokumenturi adj documentary
dolabi(s) n adj milstone
~zeda n runner
~zeTsaxdeli n oil press/stone
~qveda n bedstone
doli n drum
~cxvarSi v calve, lambing
doliqokrani/doliqokranuli n sing/pl
Lat. dolichocranium/dolichocrania
dolmeni(s)(ix.samarxi) n dolmen,megalithic
chamber
~saxuravi qva n cap stone
domba Bison bonanus Lat.
domeni n Fr. domain
domestikosi
n Gr. domestikus
dominireba v n (pre)dominate(ion)
done n altitude,degree,grade,level,,parameters,phase,stage,state
~akademiuri
academic standard(s)
~ganviTarebuli advanced stage
~dalagebuli superimposed levels
~danawevrebuli split ~
~erTmaneTis momdevno successive levels
~velis n level
~zeda
upper ~
~Tanamedrove current ~
~mecnieruli high/low level of scholarship,
scientific experience
~mcdelobis level of effort
~samSeneblo altitude,building level
~umaRlesi highest ~
~qveda
lower ~
~wylis
water level/tabb
doneze adv on a level…
erTnair ~ flush with…
doniT
adv with a level…
doJi n doge (Ital), dux (Lat)
doRi n horse-race
drakoni=gveleSapi n dragon
drakonuli adj draconian
drama(tuli)(tulad) n adj adv drama(tic)
(al)(ly)
dramaturgi n play-writh
drapireba=danakeceba v ger drape(ing)
draqma n sing/pl Lat. drachma/drachmae
naxevar ~ n sing/pl Lat.half/hemi drachma/
drachmae
drekadi adj flexible,mild,plastic,pliable,tough
drenaJi n drainage
~daxuruli coverd ~
droebiT(ad) adv temporarily
droebiTi(ix.sadgomi) adj casual,interim,
provisional,temporal,temporary,tentative,transient,fugitive
~mTavroba interim government
droTa ganmavlobaSi adv in the course of
time,as time went by..,meanwhile,over
time
N droidan moyolebuli da Semdeg... adv
thereafter
drois aTvla/gamoTvla v time reckoning
~dadgoma/mosvla v advance,arrive
~morevSi Cakarguli adj lost in the dark
abysm of time
~Sesabamisi adj update, up-to-date
~Skala time scale
~wyvetili hiatus of time
~xangrZlivoba n timespan
dromaderi n dromader
dromosi(ix,samarxis)
n Lat. dromos
dromoWmuli adj absolete,antiquated,dilapidilapidated,out-of-mode,outmoded
dromoWmuloba n dilapidation
droulad adv in time
drouli adj apportune,appropriate,relevant
~adamiani
adj aged
droSi adv in certain time
~gadafaravs
sty overlaps sty in time
~gamZleoba n durability,persistence,stability
~nacadi adj timehonoured
~Rrmad sth stretch(es)(ing) back into N period
yvela ~ at all times
65
~SezRudulilimited temporarily
~CamorCena v timelag between…
Cvens ~ nowadays
dugma dedali Nn pl usu. eyes
~ mamali
n pl usu. hooks
dugmisebri adj hook-shaped
dumili v n (keep)silence,be silent
«duJini» (Fr. douzaine) n dosen
durgali(ix.dazga) n carpenter,joiner
durgloba
n carpentry
duqardi
n pl usu. (a pair of) shares
duRabi(s) n adj mortar
~ Txevadi
n grout
~daWirxna v ger supercharge(ing)
duRili v ger boil(ing)
~azris/politikuri n passion
dRe n day(time)
gankiTxvis ~ Doomsday,Judgement day
~da Ram
around-the-clock
dResaswaulis ~ holiday
~wina ~ n eve
uqme ~ n day off, Sabbath (Jewish)
dRegrZeloba n long-live(d)
dRevandeli adj current,modern/present
day,nowadays,today‟s,up-to-date
dReisTvis adv nowadays,at the time being
dRemde adv before us,hitherto,to this day,so
far,up-to-date/present,recently
~ cnobili hitherto/so far known
dRes adv nowadays, today
dResaswauli n festival,festivities, holiday
~moZravi
movable holiday
~sataZro
patronal festive
~uZravi
immovable holiday
dResaswaulis aRniSvna v n celebrate(ion)
dRveba
v ger churn(ing), skim(ing)
dRis n day‟s,daytime
~sinaTle
n daylight
~
~
ixila came to light
~sinaTleze
appear to ~
~
~
gamotana
bring/come to ~
~wesrigi
n agenda
dRiurad/dRiuri
adv adj
daily
dRiuri(s) n diary
~warmoeba v ger record(ing)
~qva/qvis
n adj
moonstone
ebjineba v props up, terminates on/upon
egvteri=ekvderi
n chapel(side)
egzarqosi(ix.saegzarqoso) n Gr. exarch
(os)
edemi n Eden=Gardens of Eden
evaleba v sb is obliged to do sth
evangele=oTxTavi=saxareba n the Gospels
evoluciuri adj evolutionary
evpatori n eupator
evqaristia n Gr. Eucharistia=Eucharist,the
Blessed/Holy Sacrament
eziaro(ix.ziareba) v communicate
~mag.xelovnebas
v expose to
ezo(ix.moZRvari) n court/door(yard)
~sameurneo n household
~samSeneblo adj building site
~sasaxlis n court-yard
~ukana back-yard,patio/patios n sing/pl Lat
~Sida courtyard,atrium/atree (n sing/pl Lat
~wina n
forecourt
eTnarqi n etnarch
eTnikuri adj ethnic(al)
~umciresoba
~ minority
Sida ~/eTnosTSorisi intraethnic
~warmomavloba ethnic significance
~wmenda
~ cleansing
eTnikuroba n ethnicity
ekala(si)(mc) n adj Smilax,acis
ekali(ix.eklis) n barb, prickle,thorn
ekvderi=egvteri
n
chapel(side)
ekvris v abutting/abuts,adjoins,is adjacent,
~sofels/qalaqs ... is abutted by.., abutting…
eklebiani
adj barbed,prickly,thorny
eklesia n church,ecclesia,ekklesia/ekklesiae (Gr)
~absidiani apsed church
~axlad miRebuli damoukideblobiT
emergent church
~ganivi nefiT traverse-nave type ~ (N-S)
~gumbaTovani domed
~
~danawevrebuli mklavebiT ~ segmented
by transepts
~darbazuli aisless vaulted/a single-nave
hall ~; kuppelhalle (Germ)
~darbazuli,minaSen(eb)iT aisles vaulted
~ with annex(es)
~erTnaviani single nave ~
~israelitTa moZravi ~ Tabernacle
=kaTedrali cathedral, chapter (house)
~karis
court ~
e
ebani=qnari
n lyre
ebraelTa gafantva v the Dispersion,Diaspora
ebraeli/ebrauli n adj Hebrew,Jew(ish)
~saritualo sakvebi kosher product
66
~kvadratSi Casmuli jvris gegmiT
cross-in- square plan ~
=lavra
n laura,monastery
~miZinebis Assumption church
~monastris monastery ~
~moqmedi used church
~orabsidiani
two-apse ~
~orgumbaTovani two-dome/cupola ~
~sameklesiiani three-church ecclesia
~ugumbaTo
domeless church
~umoqmedo
disused
~
~Sverilabsidiani ~ with extending/perched out apse
~Caxazuli jvris formis ~ of an “insertted Cross” type
~Cndeba emerging church
~centralurgumbaTovani central-dome
~centralursaxuraviani central-roofed
~centralurjvargumbaTovani centraldome cruciform ~
~waxnagovanabsidiani ~ with faceted
apse
~win waweuli absidiT ~ with a projecting
apse
~wyvilabsidini
twin-apse ~
~jvris formis
cross-shaped ~
eklesiaste n Ecclesiastes
eklesiaSi ganxeTqileba v n disrupt(ion)
~eqvsi,an meti afsida/sveti n lobe
~zaris rekva ZRvenis mirTmevisas sacring bell
~kverTxis mtvirTveli n verger
~mitanili ZRvenis kurTxeva n sacring
~puroba
church Feast
~samsaxuri v officiate,celebrate,conduct
~qadageba kaTedridan v pulpit
~ZRvenis mitana v n donate(ion),expose
eklesiidan gankveTa/mokveTa v n communicate(ion),curse by bell,book and candle
eklesiis(ix.monastris,saeklesio,samonastro,taZris) adj church‟s
~amSenebeli=maSenebeli n Gr. Ktitor,
donator (?)
~afsida n apse
~aRsavlis kari n Holy Doors,Royal Gates
~brma TaRi kedelze blind arch
~ganivi navi=nefi=transepti cross aisle
~garSemo teritoria n parish
~garsSemosavleli ambulatory,round-about area/way
~gverdiTi minaSeni cross isle
~gumbaTi(ix.gumbaTi) n dome
~gumbaTis yeli n drum
~dagvirgvineba gumbaTiT v cap
~daraji n sing/pl Gr. Basilicarius/basilicarii
~darbazi mixakis foTlis formis n
clover-leaf-shaped hall
~ezo n church yard, courtyard
~ ~ galavniani n precinct
~ekvderi n sing/pl Lat. sacrarium/sacraria
~kaTedra n pew,pulpit
~kalTa/wiaRi n folds(of church)
~kandelaki/meklituri n sacrist(an)
~kankeli n chancel, iconostass
~karibWe/winkari n church-porch,episthodomos (Gr)
~kverTxis mtvirTveli n verger
~kibeebiani/xarisxedi safuZveli n
sing/pl Lat. pidium/podia
~konqi n conch, domed roof of church,semi
circular apse
~rebuli n sing/pl Lat. clerus/cleri
~kurTxeva v n dedicate/dedication
~ ~ wawymedilis v n reconcile(ation)
~kripta n crypt
~mamasaxlisi n churchwarden
~mamebi n pl usu. fathers of the church
~mamuli/Semosavali n temporalty
~mgalobeli n chorister
~mekuWnave n cellarer
~meklituri/meWurWle(ix.aqve mcveli)
n sacrist,treasurer
~minaSeni(ix.ekvderi) n annexe,sacrarium/
sacraria (n sing/pl Lat),side chamber
~mklavi=ganivi navi/nefi n transept(s)
~morCili n lay brother/sister
~moxatva v n embellish(ment)
~mcveli(ix.aqve meklituri) n sacrist(an)
~navi/nefi n nave
~narTeqsi narthex
~nefi(gverdiTi minaSeni) n aisle
~ganivi ~
n cross aisle
~oqsino n church curtain
~patronike=qandara n gallery=a raised
floor/platform extending from an inner of
a hall/church
~saaRmsareblo n adj confessional
~sadiakvne/salaro n sacristry, vestry
~sakurTxeveli n altar (table)=Holy table
~salaro n sacristry,vestry
~samTaRiani kari triple arched porch
~samkveTlo n sing/pl Lat. postophorium/
postophoriumi; Arithesis Gr.
67
~samreklo n belfry,bell/church tower,steeple
~samosis Sesanaxi robing room=metatorium
~sanaTlio n baptistery
~sarkmelTa zeda rigi qorosTan n
clerestory
~satrapezo n refrectory
~safarveli n cope
~safsalmune
n ambo, pulpit
~saWurWle n treasury
~saxuravi(s)
n roof(ing)
~
~ ganakidi=karnizis kiduli n eave
~
~
sayrdeni n point
~senaki n cell
~sveti n pillar
~siwminde n holiness, sanctity
~siwmindeTa xelyofa n v sacrilege,
commit ~
~stoa=stova n Gr. stoa
~qoro n choir
~SemoRobili teritoria n compound
~Zarcva v ger rob(ing)
~warCinebulni n dignitary of church
~wiaRSi dabruneba v
back to the folds
~winamZRvari n father/mither superior,prior(ess)
~winkari n opisthodomos
~wminda adgili sacred precinct
~xarisxedi safuZveli n sing/pl Lat. podium/podia
eklesiuri adj monastic
eklis gvirgvini n crown of thorns
ekonomia v economize, save on
ekonomika/ekonomikis n economy(„s)
~aramdgradi discrete economic system
~sagareo
outward-looking ~
~saSinao
inward-looking ~
~susti
diminutive ~
ekonomiurad
adv
economically
ekonomiuri
adj
economic
~arsebobis forma mode of economical susistance
~safuZveli
~ basis/foundation for…
~saSualeba ~ subsistance
~urTierTobani
~ interactions
ekuTvnis v belongs to sb/sth,refers to
elastiuri adj plastic, strechy
elegia n eulogy
elementi n feature,element,type
eleqtrumi(s) n adj electrum=alloy of gold
and silver
elvareba n v brightness,brilliance,play of
colours,shine,tint
elviseburi/elviseburad adj abrupt(ly)
elituri adj elites
eloliaveba(imeds/ocnebas) v nourish(es)
elferi n cast,hue,shade, tint
elCi(s) n ambassador/ambassadress
~TanaSemwe
n envoy
elCoba n embassy
emTxveva v accords(agrees,coincides,correlates,corresponds)with,equates,followes,
serves,tends
emisari n emissry
emisia
v n emit, emission
emijneba vinme sb refuses to acknowledge/
dissociates oneself from sb/sth
~rame sth abuts against(on/onto), sth is adjacent
emorCileba v sb/sth is subordinated to sb/
sth
emporiumi n sing/pl Lat. emporium/emporia
emsaxureba v
serves, tends
emyareba v sth (is) based on sth
emCneva v sth exhibits sty, sth seems…
~kvali
sth bears traces of sth
ena n tongue
gamarTuli ~
directness of language
~da damwerloba language and script
~damwerlobis mqone wtitten language
~ mSobliuri mother/vernacular speech/
language
~popularuli ~ (in)popularized manner/
language
~salaparako ~
n
language
~saliteraturo ~
literary ~
~ucxo
foreign ~
Svili ~ daughter ~
Ziri
~
parent ~
enagadmogdebuli adj (with) tongue put out
enaze Sewyda wera language ceased to be
written
enaTesaveba(ix.SeiZleba) v (co)relates to, is
akin/related
endro(si) n adj Rubia(ca)=Galium spurium
(Lat)
enebi klasikuri the Humanirties
eniT uTqmeli adj expressless,inexpressible
cocxali ~ in lively prose
“enimki”=enis,istoriis da materialuri
Kulturis instituti) ILHMC=the
Institute of Language,History and Material Culture
enis gadacema language convey
68
~saSualebiT=zepirad convey by language
~weris sistema writing system
enkaustika v wax colour(ing)
enkenisTve(ix.axalwlisa,seqtemberi,sTul
isari) n September
enqeri
n waistcoat
eparqia n eparchy,eparchia (Gr)
eparqiosi n eparch
epigoni n epigon
epigrafi n motto
epiTalama=saqorwino simRera n sing/pl
Gr. Epithalamium/epithalamiumi
epikuri
adj epic
epikurieli n feaster
episedioni=dasakrZalavi simRera n sing/
pl Gr. epicedion/epicedioni
episkoposi n episcope
episkoposis adj episcopal, episcope‟s
~xarisxSi ayvana v episcopize
epistemologiurad adv epistemologically
epistemologiuri
adj
epistemological
epistole n sing/pl Lat. epistola/epistolae;
epistole (Gr)
epitafia
n epitaph
epitimia
n penance
epitimiadadebuli
n patient
epicentri n epicenter
eponomi n eponym
eposi n epos,epic literature
cxovelTa
~ n bestiary
epoqa=era
n age, epoch, era
epoqis Sesabamisi adj period-specific sth
era n era
erbo(si)
n adj grease, run butter
erboqva/qvis n adj touchstone
ergeba
v fall to one‟s lot, sth passes to sb
=morgeba v pertain to sth
erdo(ix.saxuravi) n flat roof
eresi=mwvalebloba n chris, heresy;
hairesis(Gr)
eretikosi=mwvalebeli n heretic
eretikosis dawva koconze v faggot
eretikuli=mwvalebluri adj heretical
erT...
pref
one…
~xmaSi
speak in/with one voice
erTad adv along(side)/together with sb/sty,
(all)together,in association with,sb juxtaposed with sth,juxtaposition of sth and sth
~vinmesTan jointly with sb
~inventarTan along with inventory of grave
goods
~yofna n togetherness
~SeerTeba/Sekvra
hold together
erTaderTi n but one,one and alone,the lone
erTgvaroba n homogeneity, uniformity
erTgvarovani adj compact,homogeneous,
uniform
erTgvarovnad adv evenly,homogeneously
erTgvarovneba n homogeneity,the sameness
~tipebis
~
of types
erTdroulad adv at one and the same time,
concurrently,contemporaneously,simultaneously
~xdeba sth runs parallel to sth
erTdrouli adj combined,concutternt,contemporary,simultaneous
~damTxveva n contemporaneousness,simultaneousness
~ramesTan adj adv concurrently
erTdrouloba n contemporaneousness
erTeuli n individual,separate,unit
~zomis measure/measuring unit
~monapovari isolated/single artifacts/finds
~nivTi
single example(item,specimen)
~nimuSebi isolated examples
~sacvleli exchange unit
~Semadgeneli constituent ~ of…
~SemTxveva/SemTxvevebi solitary instance,
isolated case(s)
erTaderTi adj only one,single,unitary
erTvis v joins
~baraTs/naSroms ... is enclosed herewith
~Tan
is applied/attached
erTi num adj one,only(one),single
~mTeli
sth in one piece, sth as a whole
~ ~ naWrisgan sty made in one single
piece,sth one-piece-cast
erTiani adj cumulative,unified,united
erTianoba n assemblage,togetherness,uniformity,unity
erTierTmaneTze
adv
one over another
~gadasuli overlapping
~damokidebuli adj inter-dependent
~miyolebuli one after another
erTimeoris miyolebiT one behind the
other
~cvla succeed each other
erTmagi
adj single
erTmaneTze adv one over another
~gadasuli clinker built,overlapping
~
~
boloebi intermingled ends
~dayrili heap(ed) upon one another
~miwyobili=qereWi
puttee
erTmaneTi
pron
each other, one another
69
erTmaneTis gadafarva v overlap
~miyolebiT adv alongside one another
~momdevno adj consecutive,successive
~msgavsi adj similar
~pirispir adv opposed,opposing
erTmaneTSi gamavali adj contiguous,interconnecting
erTmmarTveli n sole ruler
erTmmarTveloba n autocracy,joint rule of sth
one man rule
erTnairad
adv equally
erTnairi adj equal,identical,repeating,similar
erTnairoba n equality,sameness,similarity,
uniformity
erToba n association,combination,entity,togethrness,uniformity,unity
~cocxali vital entity
~xalxis n commune,community,confederation
erToblivad
adv jointly
erToblivi adj cumulative,joint,unified,united
~muSaoba/samuSao v n collaborate(ion)
erToblioba n v aggregate(ion),association,
entity,synergy
erTobliobaSi adv collectivity,collectively
erToTaxiani adj single-roomed
erTpirovnulad adv individually,personally
erTpirovnuli
adj individual, personal
~mmarTveloba
one man rule
erTsaxovani/erTsaxovneba adj n uniform(ity)
erTferovani/erTferovnad adj adv monotonous(ly)
erTferovneba n monotony
erTxel... adv once…
~dReSi/kviraSi...
per day(week,year)
~saukuneSi
celential
erTjer(adad)
adv one at a time
eri=xalxi
n nation, pew
wvrili ~ n common people,mob,people of humble birth; n sing/pl Lat.
plebs/plebes
eris mama n Pater patriae
erisa=saero
adj
secular
erisTavT-erisTavi
n Duke od Dukes
erisTavi n duke, earl(?)
eriskaci=mamuliSvili(ix.saero piri) n
eminent/time honoured person
eriskacobaSi adv in the world
erkemali(ix.nerbi) n ram
erkeri n Erker (Germ)
erovneba n ethnicity, nationality
erovnuli
adj national
~erToba
n
~
unity
~erTobis mTavroba National Unity Government
~TviTmyofadoba
national identiry
~samzareulo n
~
cuisine
~warmomavloba n ethnicity
erozia v n denude(ation), erosion
esazRvreba v adjoins,borders,marches along,
sth is adjacent to sth
esaWiroeba v requires, is required
eskadroni n squadron
eskizi n sketch,scantling, trial
esse(i) n essay
etapebad dayofa v phase
etapi n phase,stage
etapobrivi adj phased
etiketi n etiquette
arq. masalis ~ n v label, tag
mimagreba etiketis v tally
sagnis ~
n v label
etimologia
n
etimology
etimologizacia v etymologize
etiologi(uri) n adj etiology, etiological
etli(ix.sazidari,oTxTvala) n cart,chariot
~dasakrZalavi n chariot,funeral ~, hearse
~erTadgiliani n box chariot
~msubuqi n light chariot
~orTvala n carriage
~orcxena
n two-horse team
~oTxcxena n quadriga
~sabrZolo n chariot
=sazidari n cart,carriage,vehicle
~samTvala n tricycle
~sarbolo n race-chariot
~taxti n chariot-throne
~Wadrakis n rook
etlis marTva v ride up a chariot
~ostati n cartwright
etrati n parchment
efineba v build up on sth,floor,pave,plank
efuZneba v base,sth is rooted in sth
eqvemdebareba v is liable/subject to, prones to
eqvsgverda adj n hexagon
eqvskuTxa/eqvskuTxedi adj n hexahedral
eqvsmxrivi adj six party
eqvswaxnaga adj n hexahedron
eqimbaSi n quack sorcerer, witch doctor
eqini n sing/pl Lat. echinus/echini
eqo v n echo,repercussion
eqsedra n sing/pl Lat. exedra/exedrae
eqskursi n digression,excursus
70
eqsoria
n v exile
eqsoriaqmnili adj exiled
eqspansia
n
expansion
eqspansionisturi adj expansionistic
eqspedicia
n expedition
~mudmivmoqmedi a continuously in field
(archaeological) expedition
eqspediciis mowyoba/Catareba v set up/
undertake excavations;take place
eqspertiza
v n examine(ation)
eqsploatacia v n exploitate(ion)
eqsploatatoruli adj exploitative
eqspozicia=gamofena n v display,expose
(tion)
~mudmivi
permanent ~
~
eqsponati n exibit, museum piece
eqstrapolacia n extrepolation
eqceva v someone treats sb somehow
~droSi/rameSi
sty fall(s) in /within
eyrdnoba v abutting from, rests upon,supports on,,terminates
~azrs/monacems
rely upon
~naSroms
refer to
eSafoti n scaffold
eSveba v ger descend(ing) from/towards
eSvi(ix.kbili)(gvelis/ZaRlis) n fang
~spilosi/Roris n tusk
eSmakeuli=eSmakis msaxuri n d(a)emon, a
servant of a Devil
gandevna v drive, exorcise
eSmakoba n v deception,ploy,use stelth to lure
eSmakurad
adv cunningly
eSmakuri adv cunning, tricky
eSxi n zest
eCo
n edze
ecado v fledge/make an attempt,strive for sth,
try
~Zalian
do sb‟s utmost
eZRvneba v (is) dedicated… to sb…
eweva v sb pulls sth/smokes
~saqmianobas sb carries on(enjoys/practices)
ewereba(garemoSi) v insert(ed)
ewinaaRmdegeba v confronts,contradicts,opposes,resists,withstands,sth is contrary to sth
ewoda v dubbed (by sb)
ewodeba/uwodeben v sb/sth is called/named
as..;claim to be,identify,name
~saxeli/saxels
sb/sth by name…
eWvi n v doubt about sth,surmise,suspicion,
suspect,qualm
eWvmitanili n adj suspect(ed)
exeba v applies(concerns,refers) to...
~vinme raime sakiTxs naSromSi
ers) to…
touches on…
naSromi ~ … refers to…
sabuTi ~ document touches…
exi n
cave, hollow
exmianeba v achoes,foreshadows,resounds
responds,resonate
v
vadagasuli adj
out-of-time
vadamde adre adv before some time, prior
vazi(s) n adj vine,Vitis Vinifera L. Lat
~dagrexili adj sinuous
~veluri n adj Vitis silvestris Lat.
~kulturuli n Vitis Vinifera
~rqa n rod
~toti n grape vine
~ulvaSi
n
tendril
~usurvazi n adj Vitis silvestris Gmell Lat.
vake(ix.dablobi) n adj level ground,lowland
(s),plain
valdebuleba n obligation
valdebulebisgan gaTavisufleba v n
exempt(ion) from duties
valdebuli adj be due(intended/obliged)
to sth,have/ought to..,should
vali n credit,debt,impost,obligation
valmoxda v pay a tribute
vaJkacoba n bravery,prowess
varaudi v n assume/assumption,contemplate(ion),guess,hypothesis/hypotheses (Lat),infer(ence),presume,suppose/supposition,surmise
~dausabuTebeli n v conjecture
~winaswari v n presuppose/presupposition,presumably, realized
varaudiT
adv randomly
varayi(ani)
n adj gilt, gloss(y)
vargisi adj applicable,appropriate,apt,availlable,germane,pertinent,relevant,satisfactory,feacible,fitting,suitable,usable,
tangible, valid
~gamosayeneblad
worth of use
~dasaTariReblad
datable
~sakvebad
edible
~saCveneblad
presentable
~sacxovreblad
habitable
vargisianoba n availability feacibility,validity,
aptitude in sth,useful(ness)
vardi(s)
n adj rose(bush)
~asfurcela n adj cabbage rose, Rosa
71
centifolia (Lat)
vardkaWaWa n adj chicory=Cichorum Intubus
Lat.
vardna/vardnili v adj drop/fall(ing),slide
~wylis
n falls
vardobisa(ix.maisi,mariali(sa)n May,June
vardobisai(ix.aprili,igrika) n April
varianti
n variant, variety, version
~adgilobrivi
local peculiarity/version
varskvlavi
n v star
~daviTis n Exogramm
~miuZRoda(mogvebs)…a star led them
varduli
n rosette
varcli n trough
varcxniloba(ix.Tma) n hair(do,cut,dressing,
style)
vasali n retainer, vassal
vasaloba n allegiance from…to…
vaci n
billy/he goat
gantevebis ~
scapegoat
vaWari n merchant, trader
~Rvinis n wine merchant
~Sualeduri n entrepot trader
vaWroba v ger merchandise/market(ing)
~sazRvao
sea-based trade(ing)
~saxmeleTo overland
~
~RviniT
wine
~
=saz. fena
tradespeople,the trade
vaWrobaze gaTvlili sth trade-oriented
vaWruli
adj
mercenary
vedreba v n ger appeal,beg,entreat(y),favour,intercede,invoke,pray/plead(ing)
~gulmxurvale appeal hauntingly
~RmerTisadmi
beseech/invoke God
veeba adj huge
veziri n vizir
velad adv afield
velze(ve)(ix.ubani) adv afield,in the field,on
site
~daculi adj
protected,sheltered
~nakveTi n plot, section
~Wrili n cutting
veli(ix.dablobi,vake)
n dale, field
~arqeologiuri n field, site
~brZolis n battle-field
~magnituri adj
confining field
velis done(ix.done)
n level, phase
~Tanamedrove done(ze) modern/present
ground level(plain/surface)
~zeda
upper level
~samSeneblo building ~
~qveda
lower
~
~ Sua
middle ~
velurad adv wild
~izrdeba v grow in the wild
veluri(ix.cxovreba)
adj
wild
~adamiani n adj barbarian, sevage
veluroba n savagery, wildness
venaxi=zvari n vineyard
veneras Tma/Tmis(mcenare) n adj Adiantum
veragi adj perfidious
veragoba n perfedity
veraguli adj deceiful
vertikaluri/vertikalurad adj adv upright,vertical(ly)
vercxleuli(sufris) n plate, silverware
vercxli(s)(ix.zodi,feri) n adj silver
~masa fulSi n
bulk ~
~minarevebiani adj
base ~
~nivT(eb)sty n silver object, silverwork
~samkauli n ~ jewellery,silverwork
vercxlis nivTi silver object,silverwork
~sulfidi n adj silver glance=sulfid
~sufTa n adj
pure silver
~qloridi n adj horn silver=chloride
vercxlmkedi(s) n adj silver thread
vercxlmWedeli n silversmith
vercxlmWedloba n silversmithary
verxvi(s) TeTri n adj
poplar
~Savi n adj black
~
vestibiuli n vestibule
veto(s)
n veto
~ufleba right of ~
veSapi
n whale
=qandakeba n vishap
verZi(ix.erkemali,cxvari)
n ram
=saomari manqana n buttering ram
viTareba(ni) n circumstance(s),condition(s),
moment,scene,state,term
vilaieTi n vilayet
vinaoba n identification,identity,name
vinme(s) n somebody,someone
~wyalobiT
owing to sb
viri n ass, donkey
~veluri n anager Gr.
viristerfa(si)=joristerfa(si) n adj
coltsfoot
virtuozi n adj virtuoso
virtuozuli adj masterly
vitraJi(ix.mina) n stained glasswindow
vitrina(fr) n (shop) window
~muzeumSi
n (show)case, vitrine (Fr)
viwro adj confined,narrow
~gasasvleli n interstices,narrow passage
72
viwroebi n pl narrows
vneba n lust, passion
=tkena/tkivili
v n hurt, pain
~xorcieli n adj carnal(ity)
vnebaTaRelva n passion,trouble
vinmes/ramis gamo the trouble with sb/sth
vnebis kvira=didi Svideuli n Passion
Week
~
~ dRe
n Passion Sunday
~kviris orSabaTi Saint Monday
~ ~ samSabaTi Good/Shrove Tuesday
~ ~ oTxSabaTi the Annunciation
~ ~ xuTSabaTi
Moundy Thursday
~ ~ paraskevi(wiTeli) Good Friday
~ ~ SabaTi
Easter Eve, Holy Saturday
~miyeneba v n affect
~ yvavili(s) n adj passion flower=Passiflora gen. Lat.
voluta n sing/pl Lat. volute/volutae
vrceldeba v extends/ runs through,sapans,
spreads
~xangrZlivad sth with a long-lasting distribution
vrceli adj broad,expanded,vast
vulkani n volcano
~mTvlemare/Camqrali dormant ~
vulkanis krateri n caldera
~amofrqveviT Seqmnili borcvi shield
volcano
~krateris wina ferdi n ante-caldera
~nacris fena n tephra layer
vulkanuri ferflis fena tephra layer
zardaxSa
n
casket
~sabuTebis n deed box
zari(s)(ix.zaraki,rekva)
n bell
~dakrZalvisas n passing bell, toll(n/v)
~datireba n v ger lament, wail(ing)
~samgloviaro n (a/the) knell
zaris ena n clapper, tongue
~liToni n bell-metal
~mrekavi n bell-ringer
~rekva v n chime, peal
~yuri n tang
zarisebri adj bellshaped
zarniSi n inlay
zafrana/zafranis(sakmazi) n adj saffron=
Crocus savitis Lat.
zeadamianuri
adj transhuman
zeapyrobili adj raised (eyes,hands)
zeasvla v ger ascend(ing)
zeaweuli adj elevated,high-swang, raised
zebunebrivi adj uncunny, weird
zegavlena n adj imfact on,influence,pressure on
zegani(ix.plato) n highlands(s), upland
zeda(ix.done) adv supermost, upper
~zRvari n upper border/limit
~nawili/tani n upper part
~sarTuli n upstears
sul ~ n sth topmost/supermost
zedadgari/zedsadgari n trivet
zedamxedveli
n overseer, supervisor
~cixis n jailer
zedamxedveloba v n supervise,supervision
zedapirze adv on the face/surface
gare ~
~ ~ exterior/outside ~
Sida ~
~ ~ interior/inside ~
zedapiri n area,side, surface
~gadalesili adj topcoated
~gare(Ta) n exterior,face,outer surface
~daxrili adj sloping ~
~erTgvarovani/erTferovani plain/smooth
~Tanamedrove present ground level
~koncentruli xazebiT ~ with concentric
lines
~miwis terrain
~saxmari
bearing ~
~swori
even(level/plane) ~
~ukana
negative ~
~uswormasworo
chipped ~
~uxeSi
grind(hard/rough) ~
~Sida
inner(interior,reverse) ~
~wina
positive ~
~xaoian-zoliani/xaoiani strained/striat-
z
zadi n damage, defect, lost
zavi n treaty
~brZolebs Soris n armistice, truce
~samSvidobo n a peace treaty
zavis dadeba v conclude/make treaty(peace)
enter into peace treaty with sb
zambaxi(s) n adj iris
zamTris Zili v n hibernate(ion)
zamTrisa adj wintry
zanduki=skivri n chest
zaraki(ix.zari) n rattle
zarali n damage,loss(es),waste
v suffer losses
zarafi=mezarafxane(ix.moneta) n coiner,
(coin)minter
zarafxana n mint
zarafxanis baJi n ~ duty
zarbazani n
canon
zarbaznis sazidari n gun-carriage
73
ion ~
zedapiris damuSaveba v n treat(ment)
~
~
siTxiT v slip (wash)
~gazrda ornamentis saSualebiT corrugate the surface
~mosworeba v ger dress(ing),making
smooth,smooth(ing),trim(ing)
zedapiruli adj cursory,shallow,superficial,
surface
~dafeneba/damuSaveba surface stripping
~kvleva
suface survey
zedapiruloba
n sketchiness of sth
zedaSe(ix.sazedaSe) n adj Holy/sacramental
wine
zedized adj adv consecutive(ly)
zedmetad adv additionally,excessively,over
(emphasized),too(much)
zedmeti adj additional,excessive,extra,surplus
~dro/fuli
odd moment/mone
~saxeli n nickname
~xarji
overhead costs
zedmetoba n surplus
zedmiwevniT(i) adv accurate(ly),meticulous
(ly),precise(ly)
~damuSaveba v n elaborate(ion)
~zusti adj meticulous,precise,precision
zedmiwevniT(i) adj
meticulous(ly)
zednaSeni n superstructure
zedsadgami n added piece,extention
zedsakravi n packing
zedxedi n plan view
zevidan adv above,from above/over
~adevs v overlies
~gadafarva v superimpose by sth
~dadgmuli adj mounted, overlain
~dadebuli adj sth lengthened,mounted,
with,superimposed
~dasadgmeli
adj
added piece
zeviT adv above,over,up(stairs),upward(s),
at the summit
~akecili adj upturned
~Tavze/TavSi adv at the summit, over
=wverze adv atop
adj ~mimarTuli adj upward directed
zeTi(s) n adj oil
wminda ~ n adj Holy oil
zeTiT gaJRenTili adj oiled, oily
zeTisxili(s) n adj olive
~xe/xis n adj ~ tree
zeTovani adj oily
~mcenare
oil-yielding plant
n oil mill/press,
oil-stone
zeimi n v celebrate(ion),commemorate
zeinkali n locksmith
zekari n pass
zela=zelva v ger knead/pug(ing)
zemo adj up(per)
zemoT adv above, over,up(stairs)
zemoqmedeba v n effect, impact,induce
~ TanabarZaliani diagonal thrust
zemoxsenebuli adj above/previously mentioned,noted earlier
zeniti n heyday,zenith
ganviTarebis ~
v n heyday=hey
day,flourish/peak of sth
zeoba n heyday=hey day,period of greatness,
in one‟s height/peak,have one‟s heyday
zepirad adv by heart, oral(ly)
~Tqma v recite
zepiri gadmocema n legend, tradition
zepirsityvierad adv from mouth to mouth
zepirsityviereba n narrative art,oral literatuure
zerele adj casual,cursory,inadvertent,sketchy,superficial
~buneba/xasiaTi
cursory nature
zereled adv casually, cursorily,in most genearl llight,inadvertently,supeficially
zereloba n sketchiness
zeSTagoneba n revelation
zeca
n heaven, sky
zecad amaRleba/asvla rise into the sky
zecieri adj celestial
zeciereba n unworldliness
zecis manaTobelni=angelozni the heavenly hosts
~mnaTob(n) n sing/pl the heavenly bodies
zeciuri adj heavenly
~meufe n
~
King
~mxedroba/Zalebi n pl
Hosts
zeZirkveli=cokoli n
sockle
zewari(xuroTmoZRvruli) n purlin
zewola v n (create) pressure/tension
zvavi n avalanche, lump
zvaraki n sacrifice, sin offering
zvini(s) n adj heycock, rick, stack
~dadgma v raise a haycock
zvinuli(ix.samarxis)
n heap, mound
~damcavi adj embankment, rampart
~miwis n agger, earthenwall
~xis earth and timber wall
ziani n lesion
zeTsaxdeli(ix.dolabi)
74
ziareba(ix,wminda) n v communion,receive~
~sikvdilis win to administer extreme unction, to anoint
~wminda Blessed Sacrament
ziari adj common,exposed to, share sth
zigurati/zikurati n ziggurat
zili(xma)=kontralto n contralto
zodi n bar, ingot
~vercxlis n
silver bullion
zoli n applique,band,cordon,line,rib,stripe
~damcavi n preventive line
~viwro n pl fringes of…
~sanapiro coast(al)(line),(fringe) sea shore
zoma n dimension(s),measure(ment)(s),magnitude,size
~namdvili instrument(length,width,height)
~naturaluri
actual/full size
~saerTo
overall dimensions
~saSualo medium,normal
zomas gadasuli
adj excessive
zomaSi momatebuli adj extended
2
zomebia...
eg sth measuring 3 by 5 m
zomebis miReba v provide measures,take steps
zomierad adv moderately,modestly,sparingly
zomiereba n temperatness
zomieri adv moderate,modest,reasonable,
temperate
zomiT...adv measures/ measuring by… in size
with..,dimensions from…to…
~didi adj exaggerate(d)
~erTi/erTnairi adj (sth of) uniform size
raRac ~ adv at certain extent
~saSualo adj (sth of) medium ~
~sWarbobs v surpass(ing)sth in ~
~Sesabamisi adj weiiproportioned
zomis dadgena v delineate,fix
~erTeuli n measuring unit
zona n region, zone
~bunebrivi environmetal zone
~buferuli buffer ~
~geografiuli n zone
~klimaturi n climatic ~
~moqmedebis n region/zone
=sartyeli n climate/temperate zone
~sasazRvro frontier ~
zonari/zonris n adj band, cord, lace
~gayra v lice, tie
=Tavsakravi n headband
zondi n probe
=kovzi n spoon-probe
~martivi simple-specillum probe
~qirurgiuli n specillum
~yuris n ear-probe,ligula/ligulae (Lat)
zondireba v ger probe(ing),sound(ing)
zoroastri/zoroastruli n adj Zoroastrian
zoroastrizmi adj Zoroastrianism
zrda v n enhance,enlarge(ment),grow(th),
heighten,increase
~popularobis v increase in popularity
~raodenobrivi v proliferate
~Sesabamisi adj corresponding increase in..
increasing,progressive
zrdadi adj excessive,expanding,increasing,
growing,progressive
zrdasruli adj adult, mature
zrdausruli adj immature, subadult age
zro=tani xis
n stuff,trunk
zubri n auroch=Bos bonanus Lat.
zurgze adv on/upon back
~mimagrebuli
sth attached to the back
~mwolare (sb lying) backwards, on one‟s
back
zurgi n back, reverse
zurgiani=amozurguli
adj backed
zurgiT erTmaneTisaken=zurgSeqceuli
adv back to back
zurgimxare n rear surface
zurgis gamagreba=mxardaWera v back
zurgs ukan adv
behind someone‟s back
~umagrebs sth is backed up with sty; sb
backs sb/sth
zurgSeqceviT erTmaneTTan adv adorsed
zurgCanTa n rucksack, valice
~eqimis
n kit
zurmuxti(s) n adj emerald
zustad adv accurately,definitely,exactly,explicetely,in impressive manner,precisely,properly,strictly,definitely,literary,aptly
zusti adj apt,definite,detailed,explicit,exact,
exquisite,precise,proper,secure,strict
zuCi
n
helmet
zRapari
n fable, tale
zRapruli adj fabulous
zRva/zRvis n adj sea
~ekvris N sea washes N country
~masala n extensive quantity of material(s),
wealth of information
~Sida adj inland/landlocked sea
zRvaze adv at/on (the) sea
~batonoba Lat. imperium maritimum
~gasasvleli access to the sea,sea passage
75
zRvaosani(ix.mezRvauri) n seafarer
zRvaosnoba n seafaring
zRvarze yofna v be on the verge of sth
zRvari n border,bound(ary),confine,edge,
mere,side,limit,line,level,margin,threshold,
verge
~zeda
upper bed(border/limit)
~zusti exact line
~kulturuli cultural interface
~qveda
lower bed/limit
zRve
n cattle-shed
zRviT adv sea (communication) routs
~da xmeleTiT sea and valley ~
zRvis(a) adj sea,marine,maritime,seaward
~auzi n basin
~gadaRma/gadaRmeli adv adj overseas
~gayolebiT fringe seashore
~gza maritime rout(s)
~done
n sea-level, Ordnance Datum
~doneze dabla adv low-lying coast
~ ~
~ daweva v n transgress
(ion)
~donidan (height) above sea-level; at an/
the altitude
~donis cvlileba change in level of the
sea
~viwro sanapiro zoli fringe sea shore
~zRarbi
n urchin
~iqiTa adj oversea(s),cis+ any sea
~moqceva v n flow,flux
~moqceva-ukuqceva n tide
~mucelfexa marine gastropod
~napira adj
seaside
~napiri=sanapiro n coast, shore
~pira adj maritime
~sanapiro adj coast(al),quay,seaboard/side,shore,littoral
~sanapiroze
adv ashore, on the shore
~sarewi
n
sea trade
~ukuqceva v n ebb, reflux
~SesarTavi n
mouth
~cxoveli n sea creature
zRvisken adv seaward (orientation)
zRvispira/sazRvao adj maritime
~zoli n
~
belt
~ ~ viwro fringe sea shore
zRvispireTi n seaside
zRvispiruli adj littoral
zRvrebSi(jdeba) adv within the confines
zRvruli adj confined,critical,limited,maximum,utmost
zRudari(ix.uReli) n dam
zRude(ix.galavani) n barrier against,cofine,enclosing(enclosure/surrounding)
wall
~qvis n stone wall
~Zelis n double timber, timber wall
zRuderi n a site of ancient settlement
zRurbli n doorstep, threshold
= kari
n door-sill
zRurblispira adj liminal space
T
TabaSiri(s) n adj gypsum,calcium sulphate,
plaster of Paris
~gamomwvari n adj calcined gypsum
~xsnari gypsum plaster,calcium sulfate
TabaSiriT Selesva/Selesili v adj gypsum plaster(ed)
Tagvisara(si)=Zmerxli(s) n adj butcher‟s
broom=box/knee holly=sweetbroom=
Ruscus Aculaetus(angustifolim) Lat.
Tavadaznauroba n the nobility, noblemen
Tavadi(s)
n
earl, graf
~batonoba n lordship of…
~didi n Grand Duke
Tavbrtyeli adj sth flat/plain headed/topped
TavburTula adj ball-ended,spherical-headed
Tavgadasavali n adventure,biography,hagiography
Tavdamsxmeli n assaulter intruder,invader
Tavdapirvelad adv entirely,from the outset,originally,previously
Tavdapirvelad adv initially,originally
Tavdapirveli adj initial,original
~niSani original feature
~warmomavloba original significance
Tavdasxma v n attack,invade/invasion,incurssion,impact,depredation,inroad,intrusion,overrun,raid,rush,sortie
~gamanadgurebeli depredation of sb
~faruli adj sneackattack
TavdaRma/TavdaRmarT(S)i adv downhill
Tavdayira adv inverted,turned upside down,
top to botteom
Tavdacva v n defend/defence from against
attack
TavdacviTi adj defensive
Tavdacvis unaris mqone adj tenable
TavdacvisTvis uvargisi adj untenable
Tavdacobili adj corked up
Tavdaxveuli adj sth with tied/twisted end/top
Tavdaxra=Tavis dakvra v n (low) bow, nod
~miwamde
bow to the ground
76
covered/mounted with,
capped
Taveli n ear, spike
TavebiT erTmaneTze mikruli adj opposing heads
Tavze
adv
above/over,at/on the top of
~dadgma/dasma v perch on sth,superimpose,
top sth by sth
~dadgmuli/damagrebuli sth mounted
with sth,superimposed,topped by sth
~wamosacmeli n cover,terminal mounting
TavTavi(sebri) v adj spike/spiky
TavTuxi(s)(ix.xorbali) n adj hard wheat
~rbili n adj soft ~ , eincorn
TavTxeli n ford, shallow water,shallowness
Tavi n crown,cupola,head, -self,top
~msxlisebri
pear-shaped head
~reliefuri
embossed/raised ~
~satexisebri chisel-shaped
~
~sferuli
sphere-shaped ~
~taris(ix.satevris) plug, tip
~wignSi n chapter
~Wviruli adj open-work head
Tavidan adv again,at the outset of sth,from
the beginning,initially,primary
~dawyeba
v restart
Tavidanve adv entirely,from the first,initially,
originally,previously,right from the begginning(outset/start)
~Caisaxa v stem(ed) originally from…
TaviT saiTme adv head oriented towards…
Tavis pron his, her(s), its
~danebeba v give up
~TavSi moicavs sth largerly comprises/involves
~mokveTa v behead,dicapitate
~portreti
portrait head
~qala(s) n sing/pl Lat. cranium/crania,skull
~dazianeba n lesion
~ ~ deformacia
skull deformity
~ ~ deformirebuli deformed skull
~ ~ Txemi(s)
n adj sinciput(al)
~ ~ kefa n
back of the head
~ ~ nakeri n suture
~Sekaveba v refrain from sth
~Semofargvla v limit onrself to…
~Sefareba v shelter
~Sewirva saqmisTvis apply oneself to do
(ing) sth,vow oneself to a life of selsacrifice
~Svela flee, take flight
~wardgena v present oneself
Tavdaxuruli
adj
Tavisebureba(ni) n characteristic feature(s),
condition,distinctness,peculiarity,property,pattern of sth,trait(s)
Taviseburi adj characteristic,distinctive,individual,peculiar,singular,specific,typical
TaviskveTa v n ger behead(ing),decapitation
TavisTavadoba n adentity
TavisTvis yofna v hold sb‟s own,keep to
sb‟s self
Tavisufali adj
free
~ramisgan adj devoid of sth
Tavisuflad adv easily,freely,on the loose,
loosely,comfortably
~kiduli
dangling
~mdgomi(mag.sayrdeni) detouched point,
free-standing
Tavisufleba n freedom,liberty
~rwmenis
~
of worship
~sityvis
~
of speech
Tavkveriani adj hammer-headed
Tavla n stable
Tavmdabali
adj humble, modest
Tavmdabloba n humbleness,modesty
Tavminebebuli adj abandoned, neglected
Tavmoyvareoba n self-respect
Tavmoyra v n ger accumulate(ion),aggregate(ion),(a)mass,assemble/assemblage,concentrate(ion),consolidate(ion),converge(nce
gather(ing),agglomerate(ion),bring/crowd to
gether,cluster,group
Tavmoyrili adj accumulated,aggregated,
contracted,consolidated,gathered,convergent
~raRacis garSemo centered around sty
Tavmjdomareoba v n chair, preside(ncy)
TavmjdomareobiT adv under chairmanship
Tavs datydoma=Wiri
n v plague
~daitexo rame v incure
~iwonebs v sports
~moxveva
v n impose/imposition
Tavsaburavi=Tavsarqmeli n head(dress/
gear)
Tavsakravi Tasma n headband
TavsarTi(ix.wignSi) n illumination
~sityvis n prefix
TavsasTumali n leaning headrest
Tavsafari n kerchief,scarf
Tavqudmoglejili adj adv frantic(al)(ly)
Tavyriloba n congregation,convention,
gathering
TavSava(si)(mc) n adj marjoram=Origanummarjorana Lat.
TavSekavebuli adj sobering,temperate
77
TavSesafari n v asylum,care home,charity,
receptacle, refuge,shelter
~obolTa n orphanage
TavSesafris micemav accommodate,harbore
~moTxovnis ufleba right of sanctuary
TavSeukavebeli adj intemperate
TavSeyra v congregate
Tavxe n gable, lintel
Tavxvia adj roll-headed
TaTi n
paw
=Sverili n tongue
~farfliani flipper ~
TaTis baliSi
n pad
Taiguli n bunch (of flowers)
Talgamura=miwamxala n adj swede
Tamasa n cleat, rod
Tamasuqi
n bill
Tana.... pref
co…
~avtori/avtoroba n co-author(ship)
~arseboba v n co-exist(ance),sth sits with
sth
~dasaxleba n emporion, sub-settlement
~droulad adv contemporaneous/simultaneously with sth
~drouli adj contemporaneous/contemporary with,coterminous,current,sth of equivalent date,simultaneous,update
~drouloba n contemporaneousness,
contemporaniety,simultaneousness
~mdgomi=Tanamesagre n
running mate
~mdevi
adj concomitant(ly),ensuing
~ ~ =aucilebeli(mag.omisa-gaWirveba)
sth bringing sty in its wake
~ ~ movlena raRacis Semdeg adj
(con)sequent(ial)
~monawileoba v n involve(ment),participate(ion),in sth
Tanabar manZilze adv regularly spaced
Tanabari adj
(co)equal
TanabarZaliani (ze)moqmedeba diagonal
thrust
Tanabarwilad
adv on equal terms
Tanabarxelisuflebianoba n balance of
power
Tanabrad adv equally, evenly,steadily
Tanadgoma
v n assist(ance)
~brZolaSi v flock to sb‟s banner
Tanavarskvlavedi n constellation
Tanaziari n believer
Tanamgzavri n adj satellite
Tanamdgomi=Tanamesagre n running mate
Tanamdevi adj concomitant,consequent,con-
current(ly)
TanamebrZoli v to flock to sb‟s banner
Tanamedrove adj current,modernpresent,reccent,up to date
~vinme vinmesi n contemporary sb
Tanamedroveni n pl contemporaries
Tanamedroveoba n modernity
Tanamedroveobamde adv before the modern
era,to this day
~didi xniT adre long before the modern
era
Tanameinaxeoba n commensality
Tanamemamule n adj (fellow) countryman
Tanamesaydre=TanammarTveli n adj coruller,counterpart
Tanamecxedre=meuRle n husband/wife
Tanamoazre n follower,like-minded person,
proponent
Tanamonawileoba n emplication
Tanamosaubre n counterpart
Tanamosaqme/moZme n counterpart
TanamSromloba v n collaborate(cooperate,
contribute)(ion),work alongside with sb
(ion),work alongside with
Tanatomeli n cognate/fellow tribesman
Tana(deda)qalaqi n co-capital
Tandayolili adj by birth,inborn,indigenous,innate,ingrained,inherent,native
Tanmdevi adj concomitant,consequent(ial)
Tanameinaxeoba n commensality
Tanamesagre=Tanamdgomi n running mate
Tanmimdevroba n order,sequence
~aRmavali ascending order
~daRmavali descending ~
~fenebis sequence of deposition
~logikuri coherent account
~sanimuSo master sequence
Tanmimdevrulad adv gradually,(con)sequentially
Tanmimdevruli adj coherent,consecutive,
consequent,gradual
Tanmimdevruloba n cohesion,sequence,suc
cession
Tanmxvedri
adj coincident
~droSi coinciding/coincident in time with sth
Tanmxlebi adj accompanying,companion,
attendant,satellite
~masala/masaliT (with)accompanying
pieces
~masalis gareSe without
~ ~
~nivTi accompanying/concomitant item
Tanmxlebi n adj attendant,satellite
TanSezrdili
adj inherent
78
Tanxvdeba v accords,agrees,coincides,converges,correspond,match,resonate
Tanxvedra v n accord(ance) with,agree
(ment) of,in accordance with,coincide,
coincidence,correspond(ence),correlate
(ion),conform,equate,the sameness
Tanxvedrili adj coincident,corresponding,
correlative,reconcileable
Tanxleba v n accompany(ment),attendd
(ance),conduct,to float to sb‟s banner
Tanxmoba v n accept(ance),agree(ment),apprve/approval,consent,convention,endorse
cohesion,understanding
sruli/udao ~ unquestioning acceptance
Taoba n generation
momavali Taoba/Taobebi n posterity
Taobebze gadacemav n transmit/transmission
Taobebi momdevno n pl descendant(s)
Taobebis ganmavlobaSi adv generational
Taobidan Taobas adv generational, hereditrary,mouth to mouth
Tarazo n
spirit/water level
Tarazulad=horizontalurad adv cross
wise,horisontally
Tarazuli adj cross,horizontal
Targi n model,pattern,matrix/matrices (n
sing/pl Lat)
Targmna v n interpret(ation),translate(ion)
~pirdapiri literar translation
~sxva enaze v n render/rendition
TariRdeba v sth is datable to..,dating/dates,
is dated to/by,is ascribed/assigned a date,sth comes from N cent/mil
~advilad sth is more readily/easily datable
~adreuli xaniTsth dated by/to early period
ar/ver ~ sth is undatable
~araugvianes...
dated no later than…
=arsebobs/xdeba
sth exists/happens
~aTasw/sauk.ganmavlobaSi sth ~ ~
through N mill/cent
~
~ N aTasw/sauk. da Semdgom
sth ~ ~ in the N mill/cent
mill/cent.and beyond
~
~ N aTasw/sauk. dasawyisidan
M-mde sth ~ ~ from the beginIng of the N to the M mill/cent.
~ arq.kompleqsiT sth dated by archaeological context
~bolo wlebiT sth dating from final years
~gviani xaniT sth dated to/by late period,
postdates
~daaxloebiT date(ing) around/by…
~dasawyisiT dated/dating to/by; dating from
the beginning(years) of the N cent/mill
~ N aTasw/saukunidan M-is CaTvliT sth ~ ~ in the N to through the M
cent/mill
~
~ N aTasw/saukunidan M-mde
from the N to the M mil/cent.
~
~ Sua xanebiT sth dated to/by
middle late period
~zustad
sth is firmly dated to/by…
~TiTqos.... sth seem(s) to date to/by…
~ ~ Tanadrouli xaniT sth dating
roughly contemporaneous of…
~imave droiT
sth date/dating in the same
time
~iseTi adreuli xaniT,rogoricaa...
sth may be dated as far back as N
cent/mill
~mijniT sth dating at the turn of..,sth date/
dating from between the turn of N-M
cent/mill
~nivTiT/niSniT sth dated by some artifact/
feature
~savaraudod ostensibly/tentatively dated to
~sandod securely dated to…
~ukana ricxviT v antedates/antedating
~umetesad/umeteswiladmostly dated/dating
~ufro gviani ricxviT sty dates/dating
by/to much later period
~N aTasw/sauk. I naxevris dasawyisiT
sth dating from the beginning of the
1st=earlier half/part of the N mill/cent
~N aTasw/sauk. I naxevriT sth dating to/
from the 1st=earlier half/part of the N
mill/cent.
~N aTasw/sauk. dasawyisiT sth dating to/
From the beginning of the N mill/cent
~ N aTasw/sauk. I,II,III,IV meoTxediT sth
dated to/dating from the1st(2nd,3rd,4th)
quarter of the N mill/cent
~N aTasw/sauk. SuaxanebiT sth dated to/
dating from the mid N mill/cent
~N aTasw/sauk.ori Sua meoTxediT sth
dated to/dating from the two middle
quarters of the N mill/cent
~N aTasw/sauk. II naxevris dasawyisiT
sth dated to/dating from the beginning
of the 2nd half/part of the N mill/cent
~N aTasw/sauk. II naxevriT sth dated to/
dating from the 2nd=later half/part of
the N mill/cent.
~N aTasw/sauk. boloTi sth dated to/
dating from the end.fall of the N mill/cent.
~N aTasw/sauk. dasasruliswina xaniT
sth dated to/dating from before the
~
79
close of the N mill/cent; sth dating
by late in the N mill/cent.
~N aTasw/sauk. boloTi an M-is dasawyisiT sth dated to/dating from the late
N mill/cent. or early M mill/cent.
~N-M aTasw/sauk.mijniT sth dated to/
dating from between the turn of the
N-N mill/cent.
~N an TiTqmis M aTasw/sauk. sth dated
to/dating from the N or even M cent/mill.
TariRi n v date/dating
~absoluturi
absolute ~ ~
~adreuli/dawyebis early/earlier ~ ~; low
chronology
~amosavali chronological anchor,pivotal date
~arazusti/susti loose chronology/date, ~
loose in parts
~aramdgradi/cvalebadi vagary date/dating
~gadadis/scildeba
date runs into following (period of time)
~ganisazRvreba ~is attributable to N period
~ganmavlobaSi through/in any part of(period,time)
~gaurkveveli date loose in parts
~gviani
sth late(r)(st) in date
~ ~
droiT
postdate
~ ~
SuaxanebiT
middledate
~daarsebis
foundation date
~daaxloebiT sadRac…sometime around…
~dadgenili fixed date
~damrgvalebuli rounded ~
~droebiTi/pirobiTi provisional ~
~emTxveva date corresponds,in date sth falls
in…
~erTnairi/Tanadrouli equivalent date
~eqceva sth dated within (any) mill/cent.
~eyrdnoba
date rests upon sth
~zedmiwevniT miaxloebuli closely approximate date
~zerele/zogadi rough date; sth roughly
dated
~zusti
exact/precise date
~TanmimdevrobiTi
sequence dating
~ixreba... date inclines to the…
~meryevi/cvalebadi
erratic date
~meryeobs
dates/rangs from… in…
~miaxloebiTi approximate/rough date
~midis date may be traced back to N cent/mill
~ ~ Rrmad droSi date stretches back
into X priod
~ ~Rrmad, roca...date goes back to time
when…
~miekuTvneba
sth dates drom…
~miewereba ~ is attributable to N period
~modis the ~ lies..,the ~may be traced back
to N cent/mill
~ ~ mijnaze ~ ~ ~ at the turn of…
~moyolebuli …dan da Semdeg from…onwards
~sadao
disputable/disputed date
~savaraudo conjectural(hypothetical/ostensible ~
~sando reliable/secure ~
~sawyisi baseline about.., starting ~
~susti loose chronology/date
~swvdeba date spans/stretches from…to…
~tipologiuri typology dating
~uswrebs sth precede sth
~faravs raRac periods
date spans…
~fenebis mixedviT
varve dating
~SedarebiTi
comperative date
~SeiZleba mivakuTvnoT... sth could date
to N period/century
~
~
Cajdes date can be placed..,
date rangs from the N to the M; date falls in
period..,in date sth falls in…
~SemosazRvruli
date is confined to the
N period(century/millennium)
~Seusabamo
insufficient date
~SefardebiTi relative dating
~Sua xanebamde
sth dating before the
middle...
~Suaxanebi middle stretch of…
~ ~ xanebis Semdeg sth dating after the
middle…
~Cadis Rrmad... date stretches back into the
N period
~cvalebadi vagary date/dating
~ZiriTadi pivotal date
~jdeba the date lies/spans…
~
~ zRvrebSi...
date lies within the
confines
~ jvaredini
cross dating
TariRTan dakavSirebiT uxerxuloba unease about dates
TariRiT erTnairi
equivalent in date
~uswrebs
v predates
TariRis gansazRvra/dadgena v n asses/
establish(ment),provide the date for sth
~aTvla iwyeba... baseline(is) about N cent…
~gaaxalgazrdaveba push (date)forward
~gadaxra v n incline(ation) of the date
~damadasturebeli masala examples
providing confirmation of the date
~daZveleba push (date) back
~mixedviT...in date sth falls…
80
~Secvla v ger change the date,redate(ing)
~cvalebadoba vagary of dating
TariRs aaxalgazrdavebs
v postdates
~amyarebs sth (strongly) supports the date
(ing) of sth
~aZvelebs antedates,stretch back to N cent/
mill,pushes back to…
~gvTavazobs/iZleva
date is suggested by
sb/sth; sb/sth gives/offers the date
~Seesabameba sth corresponds to some date(ing)
Taro(ix.buxaris) n
shelf
Tasma n cord,fillet,strap,string,twine
~Tavse/Tavis n headband
~fexsacmlis n shoe-string
Tasmisebri
adj straplike
Tafli(s) n adj honey
Tafonomuri adj taphonomic
TaRebis SeerTebis adgili n groin
TaRedi=TaRnari n arcade,archway
TaRTaSorisi sivrce
n bay
TaRi(ix.kamara n adj arch,canopy
~brtyeli/damreci flat/straight arch
~bjenebiani/bjenis corbel ~
~bjeniani/Sveriliani
corbelling ~
~ bjenis
corbel ~
~ganmtvirTavi/Semamsubuqebeli discharging/relieving ~
~gvirabis n barrel
~ eyrdnoba... abutting from, rests upon
~kasrisebri(naxvarwriuli/cilindruli
barrel(tunnel/wagon) arch
~ mavritanuli/nalisebri horseshoe arch
~nalisebri horse-shoe ~
~ naxevarwriuli full center(perfect/roundhead),centering ~
~samcentriani basket ~
~svetebze dayrdnobili stiltered ~
~triumfaluri
triumphal arch
~unagira
strainer ~
~Sveriliani corbel ~
~cilindruli tunnel/wagon vault
~cicabo stilted ~
~cru corbelled ~
~jvriseburi cross/groin vault
TaRiani adj arched
TaRis adj arch
~gare/zeda zedapiri extrados
~naxevarrkali/qusli n haunch
~pilastri(ix.naxevarpiloni) n respond
~rkali n haunch, ogee
~ube
n spandrel
~ ~ qandake(be)biT~ decorated with figures
~qva n arch/vault stone
~qusli n cousinet,haunch,impost
~quslis qva n springer
~Sida zedapiri n intrados
~Sua qva n keystone
TaRiseburad
adv archwise
~gakeTebuli
sty made by cupping
TaRiseburi
adj
arch-like
TaRszeda adj
above/over arch
~nageboba n spandrel
Tayvaniscema v admire,adore,venerate
TaxCa n alcove,niche
Tbili=tfili adj
warm
TbogamZle
adj heatproof
Tburi adj thermal
Teatraluri adj scenic
Teatri(s) n adj theatre
Tebervali(ix.mihrakani,surwyunisi) n
February
Tegva v ger draw(ing)
Tevzaoba v ger fish(ing)
~badiT v siene
TevzWera n fishery
sanapiro ~ strand ~
Tezisebi n pl. proceedings(eg of symposium)
Tezisi n sing/pl Lat. thesis/thesisis
TeTra(si) n adj white lead,zink white,ceruse
= umarili(s) n adj
whitewash
TerTyvavila(si) n adj comfrey, Symphytum
gen. Officinale gen.
TeTrwvera adamiani beard hoar with age
Tela/Telis n adj elmtree=Ulmus (Lat)
Telva
v ger full(ing)
Temi n commune,community
Teodoliti n transit
Teoforuli adj
Theoporic
Termuli(ix.wyaro)
thermal
~damuSaveba v n ger thermo-treat(ment)
(ing)
Tesva
v ger sow(ing)
TesvisSorisi kulturebi n pl catch
crops
Tesli
n seed
Teslbrunva
v n rotation of crops
TefSebi(sakravi)(ix.WurWeli) n pl cymbal
TeZo(ix.Zvali) n hounch
TeZos Tavi
n hip
~saxvevi n loincloth
Tejiri
n screen
Tvala=Tvaledi(ix.ornamenti) adj netted
Tvalbude(ix.beWdis)
n eye-socket
81
TvalzomiT(i)
v n estimate(ion) by eye
Tvali(ix.beWdis,urmis)
n eye
avi ~
evil ~
maxvili ~ eagle-eye(d),keen sight(ed)
~patiosani/Zvirfasi precious/splendid
stone
~uWiravs v eye
~Casasmeli n inset, insertion
TvalisCini=mxedveloba n eye-sight
cular,pronouncd,visual
TvalsaCino adj spectacular
Tvalsawierze adv in sight,within proximity
Tvalsawieri(s) n horizon,sight,vicinity
~miRma
adv within the sight
TvalsawierSi adv within proximity/sight
Tvalyuris devneba
v n observe(ation),
watch
TvalSisacemad adv markedly,remarkably,
strikingly
TvalSisacemi adj conspicuous,distinctive,
insistant,manifest,notable,noticeable,prominent,pronounced,remarkablesignificant,
striking,apparent,showy
TvalCasmuli
adj inserted/studded in
Tvalwarmtaci adj catchy,dazzling,picturesque,spectacular,eye catching
TviT... adv pref. even, self~gabneva v selddisperse/dispersal
~gamanadgurebeli/damangreveli adj selfdestruvtive act
~gamorkveva v n self-determine(ation)
~gamravlebav n self-propagate/propagation
~gandideba v n self-aggrandisze(ment)
~gvema v n self-mortify/mortification
~kmayofileba v n self-satisfy/satisfaction
~marqvia=cru n adj imposter
~mmarTveloba n selfgovernance/rule
~ ~ qalaqis n adj municipal(ity)
~mpyrobeli n autocrat
~mpyrobeloba n autocracy
~myofadi
adj native, original
~myofadoba n identity, originality
erovnuli
~ ~ national identity
~mxilveli n eye-witness
~nabadi
adj innate,native,nugget,pure
~ ~ madnis naWeri n adj post
~neburad adv arbitrarily,self-willfully
~neburi adj arbitrary,self-willed/wilful
~Sewirva v self-sacrifice
Tviseba n feature,property,quality,trait
~memkvidreobiTi hereditary feature
=unari n capacity to do sth
Tvisobrivad adv qualitatively
Tvisobrivi adj qualitative
Tvistomi n fellow tribesman
Tvlebiani=Tvliani=TvlebiT Semkuli
adj inlayed with stones
~samkauli inlayed/set with(any adornment)
Tvlebiani=Tvliani adj wheeled
~sazidari
n carriage,cart
~transporti n vehicle
Tvlema=wyvetili
v n ger nod(ing)
Tibva
v ger
mow(ing)
Tibisai(ix.vardobisa,ivnisi,marialisa) n
June
Tiva/Tivis n adj straw,veld/wild grasses,thatch
TiTberi/TiTbris n adj v brass
TiTi(ix.mokecili) n finger
~araTiTi=usaxelo ring ~ ; annulary
~bera=cera
thumb
~neki/neka
little finger
~saCvenebeli fore/index ~
~fexis
toe(s)
~Sua
middle finger
TiTis gaSvera v finger
TiTistari(s)
n adj spindle
~Tavi
n ~ tip
Tikuni n nickname
Tilisma n amulet,talisman
Tilismis Zala n
amuletic/talismanic
power
Tirkmela soko(si) n adj truffle=Tuber
brumale Lat.
Tirkmeli/Tirkmlis n kidney
~qva n ~ stone,calculus/calculi(sing/pl Lat)
Tixa/Tixis(ix.Tixis,uTixo) n clay,paste,
pottery
~bzenarevi ~ n adj chaff/straw-tempered~
~blanti ~ n adj tought ~
~gamomwvari ~ n adj baked ~
~
~ cudad n adj poorly-fired ~
~gamouwvavi n adj unbaked ~
~ganleqili n adj grinded/levigated ~
~ ~ kargad n adj secluded(well-worked
levigated) ~
~ ~ saSualod n adj medium-worked ~
~ ~ cudad n adj badly-worked ~
~damwvari n adj (over) burnt ~
~danaleqi n adj alluvial ~
~TeTri n adj china/porcelain
~Txeli n adj watery ~
~kiriani ~ n adj
limed ~
~maudis mosaTeli ~ n adj fuller‟s earth
82
~ minarevebiani ~ n adj clay with dashes
(inclusions,insertions)
~mkvrivi n adj tight clay
~mkvrivmarcvlovani n adj hard grain/
granular
~mozelili n adj kneaded/pugged ~
~msxvilmarcvlovani n adj coarse grain/granular ~
~mqise n adj rouch/rough ~
~mWle n adj adobe(lean,loam,poor) ~
~ nazeli(ix.Tixatkepnili) adj v beat
(en),tamp/temper(ed) mud, pisè (Fr)
~natkepni v adj beat(en)/packed ~
~ rbili n adj soft ~
~romelic yvelganaa ubiquity
~saagure n adj brick(loam,pug) ~
~sameTuneo n adj ~ for pottering,pottery~
~sayalibe n adj
foundary ~
~saZerwi n adj ~ for modeling,modeling
~uxeSi n adj rough ~
~fiqlis=aspidis n adj shale
~forebiani n adj porous clay
~fxvieri n adj friable ~
~Semavsebeli clay fill
~cecxlgamZle n adj fire ~
~cximovani n adj loam ~
~webovani tenacious ~
~wvrilmarcvlovani n adj fine-grain/
granular ~
~wyalgaumtari waterproof ~
~xvinWanarevi pebble-dash/grit tempered ~
~ ~ mosalesi pisé- work ~
Tixalesili adj clayed,clay-lined
Tixamiwa/miwis n adj loam(y)
Tixatkepnili n adj beaten,cob,doubed
(tamped/tempered)mud,paddle,pisè (Fr)
clay ground surface
TixaSi Sereva ramis v switch
~koStebi lumps,lumped together
Tixiani adj clayey
TixiT adv in/with clay
~Sevseba v clay fill
~Selesili adj clay-coated(covered,lined)
Tixis adj
(in) clay
~gunda n clay ball,clod,lump of clay,pad
~emulsia n ~ emulsion
~zedapiri clay ground surface
~zela v ger knead(make,pug,temper)(ing)
~konusi n clay-nail
~lilvaki n
rim, roller
~nakeToba/nawarmi n pottery,ware
~orTiTi
n clay fork
~sarevi n
~ mixer
~saZvale n ossuary
~tkepna v beat,pack
~fila(iatakis) n paving tile
~firfita
n tablet
~comi(s) n adj paste
~WurWeli(ix.WurWeli) n container,pottery,
vessel,ware
~WurWlis natexi n (pot) fragment/sherd
~ ~ ~Sesafaseblad vargisi adj tangible
~
~
~ warweriT n astracon
=astrakon (?)
~xsnari(s) n adj clay mortar
Tixnari(s) n adj clayey/loam soil,clay ground
Tixovani adj argillaceous,clayey
~fiqali/fiqlis n adj shale
Tla(ix.xis) v ger hew(sharpen,trim)(ing)
Tlili(ix.mina)
adj cut, faceted
Tma/Tmis n adj hair
~aweuli da ukan Sekruli ~pulled up in a
bun on top of the head
~afuebuli
( ~ dressed in) fringe
~ukan gadavarcxnili ~ pulled back
~ ~ Sekruli=cxenis kudi ~ ~ ~ in a bun
~uxeSi kululebi frizzy hair
~Sekruli
~ arranged closely
~xveuli
curle(d),wave/waving ~
~jagara
wiry ~
Tmis dawvna
v plait
~nawnavi n pigtail
~rgoli n lobed ~ ring
~samkauli=mZivi
n string
~sarWi n pin
~sayofi n head-dress
~SeWra=monazvnoba make a retreat,take
a vail
~Ziri
n
hair-root
Toki(s) n adj cord,rope,string
TokiT Sekvra v ger lash(ing)
Tokis gorgali
n coil
Tokisebri adj cord(rope,string)-like
Tolosi n sing/pl Lat. tholos/tholoi
Tone n bread (clay) oven
=sacxobi n bake-house, bakery
Tora
n Torah
Toras Sesanaxi karada (Jew) Aron ha kodeshi
Tori=Torni n carslet=carselet
Tormeti(ix.mociquli) num adj twelve
Tofi
n gun,musket,rifle
~dasateni n single-action gun/rifle
~kaJiani n firelock
83
~orluliani n double-barrel gun
~filTa n linstock
Tofis wamali/wamlis n aj gunpowder
~wamlis qisa n powder-flask
~wamlis n powder magazine
ToqmaCi=spilenZis da TiTbris xelosani
n brazier
Toxi(s) n
bill, hoe
~basri
bladed hoe
~viwropiriani
narrow bladed ~
~Tixis/qvis
n bathroi
~piri n blade
~rqis n horn-hoe
~farTepiriani
wide-bladed hoe
Toxisebri
adj hoe-like
Toxli n young ewe
Tojina n doll
=marioneti tight-rope walked by sb
TrTvili(s) n adj hoar
Trimli(s) n adj Cotinus coggygria=Rhus
Cotinus (Lat)
TuTa/TuTis
n adj mulberry(tree)
TuTubo(si) n adj Rhus coriaria (Lat)
Tumc(a) adv conj (al)though,however,nonetheless,nevertheless, thense,though
Tundac adv even, at least
Tuni n furnace,kiln
Tunis mili n tile
Tunuqi(s) n adj tin-plate
Txa(ix.vaci,Txis,nebrida) n goat
~gareuli
n
caprid
~Sinauris winapari n bezoar=Capra aegagrus Lat.
Txevadi=Txieri(ix.siTxe) adj liquid
~saqoneli(savaWro) n pl commodities
Txeli adj fine,shallow,slender,subtle,thin,
watery
Txemi(ix.qala,Zvali) n crest,peak,top
Txemla/Txemlis n adj Alnus barbata Lat.
Txilamuri n snow-shoe, ski
Txili(s) n nut; Corylus=Corulis avellana
L. (Lat)
~miwis n peanut=Arachis hypogaea Lat.
~tyis n hasel-nut
Txa n goat
~gareuli,Sinauris winapari n bezoar=
Capra aegagrus Lat.
Txis(a) adj caprine
~rqa/rqis n adj Capricorn
~tyavi(s)=Sevro(si) n adj caprid,ovicaprine
Txisfexa(kbilis amosaRebi gazi) n molar forceps
Txle(si) n adj sediment
Txmela(si)(ix.muryani) n adj alder-tree
Txra v ger n delve,dig(ing),excavate(ion),
scoop
Txrili(ix.nayari,Wrili) n ditch,trench
~TavdacviTi n moat, fossa=fosse,rampart
TavdacviT Txrilze sasiarulo biliki rampart walk
TavdacviTi Txrilis gareTa damreci
kedeli n casemate
~sadazvervo
sondage trench
~sacdeli
exploratory/sounding ~;test pit/
well
~saZirkvlis Casadgmelifoundation trench
Txrilis piri n
lip of the ditch/trench
~Ziri n foot of the ~
~
TxrilSi(ix.WrilSi) adv in the trench/section
Txroba=mboba v n narrate(ion)(ive),recount,
(re)tell
TxrobaSi CarTuli adj blend into single
thread of narrative
TxrobiTi adj narrative
Txrobis xelovneba n narrative art
i
iagundi(s)-lurji=safironi(s) n adj sapphire
~wiTeli=lali(s) n adj ruby
iadgari n deed, title deed
iavnana n cradle song
ialqani(ix.Senobis) n sail
iambi n
iamb
iambiko/iamburi n adj blank verse
ianvari(ix.apani,surwyunisi) n January
iaraRi n implement,tool,weapon
~Tavdasxmis=Setevis offencive weapon
~Tavdacvis
defencive
~
~kaJis
flint ~ ~ ~
~mosaklavi n killing ~
~sabrZolo=brZolis n arms, weapon
~samedicino n instrument
~sameurneo agricultural implement,farming
utensils
~satyorcni
missle
~saZgerebeli
stubbing/thrusting weapon
~qvargvalis
flat/round
~
~qvis
pebble
~
~ ~ satyorcni n sing/pl Lat. anager/
anageri
=xelsawyo
n tool
iaraRis bude(ix.qarqaSi) n case
~galesva v whet
84
~dayra v come down,lay down one‟s arms
~kexi/nawiburi
arris with fillet
~JRaruni/qneva brandist(ing) weapons
~qedi n (central) rib(bing)
~ ~ kexiT/nawiburiT arris with fillet
iarliyi n v docket,label,mark,tag,tally
iarseba(ix.TariRi) v accommodated(existed,persisted) until…subsisted through
N time,lasted, lived on…
~mravali saukune sth enjoyed lifespan of
of many centuries
~N saukuneSi
existed in the N century
~N saukunidan M saukunis CaTvliT ~
in the N century to through the M century
~N saukunidan M saukunemde ~ from the
N century to the M century
~ N saukunis ganmavlobaSi ~ through N
century
~ ~
~
~ da Semdgom ~ beyond N
century and onwards
~N saukunis dasawyisidan M saukunemde
~from the beginning of the N century to M
century
~raRac dro lasted,lived on,subsist through
N time
iarusebiani adj graduated, stepped
iarusi n circle,stage,tiere
iaspi(s)(ix.iaSma,liditi) n adj jasper
iatagani n yataghan
iataki(s)(ix.Zelfenili) n adj
floor(ing)
~gamarTva v carry on,lounch,plank(a floor)
~dasagebi Zelebis CarCo bridging joist
~dasagebi Zelfenili floor-joist
~daweuli/CaRrmavebuli sunken floor
~Tixatkepnili(ix.Tixa) pisè flooring Fr.
~Tixis fila n floor/pavin tile
~Tixis filebiT mogebuli=filaqani
tiled floor,tile flppring
~kenWebiT mogebuli cobbled area
~kirqvisa da nagleji qvebis Semtkicebu
li cementisebri xsnariT Terazzo floor
~koWi floor joist
~mzidi Zelfenili joist=bearing/floor joist
~mofilaqneba v ger tile-floor(ing)
~mofilaqnebuli adj tile(d) floor(ing)
~nagleji qvis Terrazo floor
~fila Tixis n floor/paving-tile
~ficari floor board
~ficris/xis floor(ing) of deckboards,wooden floor(ing)=floor boards
=parketi wooden floot=parquet
iatakqveSa adj clandestine
iafi=iaffasiani adj cheap
~damzadeba v cheap to make
iaqTaRi=kontrforsi(fr)(ix.kuTxis) n
buttress,pier
~TaRiani n arc boundant
~kedlis garedan external buttress(ed)
~ ~
Signidan internal
~
iaSma/iaSmis(ix.iaspi,liditi) n adj jasper
ibeWdeba=gamodis v sth is in press/in progress,is forthcoming
igavi
n fable
igrika(ix.aprili,marti,mirkani) March,April
idayvi(ix.Zvali)
n elbow
idea n brainchild,concept,idea,notion
idilia n
idyle
idiliuri adj idyllic
idumaleba n mystery
idumali adj mysterious,weird
idResaswauleba=izeimeba v is selebrated
iezuiti n adj Jesuit
ieratiuli
adj hieratic
ierarqi(a)(ix.kibe)
n hierarch(y)
ierarqiuli
adj hierarchic(al)(ly)
ieri n face,look,representation,shape
ieroglifi n hieroglyph
ieroglifuri adj hieroglyphic
iersaxe
n shape
garegnuli ~
n
appearance
ieso(ix.mwyemsi,qriste,RmerTi) Jesus
yrma ~ Infant, Special Child
iesos gamosaxuleba eklis gvirgviniT n
ecce
~deda Mother of God, Theotokos Gr.
~vnebani(ix.vnebis)
n the Passion
~kvarTi n crucifixion coat
~sxeulis zeimi samebis kviris momdevno xuTSabaTs Corpus Christi
~mkvdreTiT aRdgineba n v resurrect,
the Resurrection
~Soba(ix.Soba) birth of Christ
~Sobis adgilis(suraTis/modelis)
Ggamosaxuleba the Nativity
~Sobis eklesia the Nativity Church
~ ~ naxati
Nativity
iesosTan(axalSobil) mogvTa misvla
ZRveniT Magnificat
ivaraudeba v sth is presumed/supposed
ivlisi(ix.kvirikobisa,mkaTaTve,quelTobai)
July
ivnisi(ix.vardobisa,Tibisai,marialisa)
June
ivriti n Ivrit
85
izolacia v n insulate/isolate(ion)
izolireba v n segregate(ion)
izometria
n
isometry
izometruli adj isometric
izrdeba v sth increases/is increasing
iTifaluri adj ithyphallic
iTxovs
v demands, requires
iTxreba/iTxreboda v (the site) is/was currently being excavated;excavations hahave/had been undertaken
ikvebeba v is fed by.., lives on…
ikveTeba=Cans v sth is to be observed
ikveceba v ceases (to be)… decreases
ikiTxeba v the script reads/isread,it says…;
it runs as follows…
ar ~ v sth is illegible
~gamosaxuleba sth is properly faced/read
~naTlad
sth is clearly read
iklebs v sth decreases
ikonografia n iconography
ikonografiiT/ikonografiulad adv in
iconography
ikonografiuli adj iconographic(al)
ilari
n earwig
ili=hili(s) n adj cardamon
iluzionisti n wizard
ilustracia=suraTi n illustration,picture
ilustrireba=dasuraTeba v illustrate,picture
ilustrirebuli=dasuraTebuli adj illustrated
~mdidrulad/uxvad ~ richly
~
imedgacrueba v n frustrate,frustration
imedi(ix.momavlis) n v hope
~minavlebuli smoulder=smolder(ing) hope
~qona v be hopeful, hope
imeorebs v copies/copying sth,duplicates/
duplicating sth,followes,imitates/imitating sth,sth is an echo of sth,sth echoes,sth,mirrors,repeats,shares
imierkavkasia(saqarTvelosTvis ix.amier)
n Ciscaucasia=cisCaucasia
imitacia(raime masalis) n simulating (eg
marble)
imperatori n imperator,emperor/empress
imperatoris,imperiis,imperiuli,saimperio adj imperial
~gvardia n Lat. praefectus
~tituli romSi
princeps (Lat)
~prefeqtis rezidencia n sing/pl Lat.
praetorium/praetoriumi
imperia n empire
~ararsebuli/gamqrali defunct ~
~sazRvao empire of the seas
impluviumi n sing/pl Lat. impluvium/impluviumi
impozanturi=gadapranWuli adj spectacular
imposti=TaRis qusli n impost (capital)
~sayrdeni n impost-seating
impostis Casasameli sayrdeni n impost
seating
impulsi(ix.biZgi) n impetus,impuls
imJamad adv then (currently)
imJamindeli adj the then (current)
imsaxurebs v deserves/deserving,merits
ina=hina/inisa n adj henna
inarCunebs(ix.qondaT) v maintain/retain(s)
(ing)
inaxavs v house(s)(ing)/keep(s)(ing) safe
inaxeba v sth is held in store (housed,kept)
indauri(s) n turkey
~xorTumi n wattle
indiqti n indication
inertuloba n heaviness, inertness
inventari n assemblage,equipment,inventory,stock
~Tanmxlebi accompanying/companion
grave goods/pieces
~samarxis context,funerary contents,grave goods,offerings
investitura n Investitura Lat
inicialebi(s)
n pl initials
~dasma
v initial
inkrustacia(ix.sadafiT) v n incrustate/
incise(ion),inlay
inspirireba v n inspire/inspiration
insignia n sing/pl insignia,symbol of authority
intalio
n sing/pl Lat. intaglio/intaglio
intensivoba
n intensity
intensiurad adv intensively
~Seiswavleba sth is ~ studied
~nawyvet-nawyveti sketchy information
incesti(s)
n incest
~Camdeni
sb incestuous
ionja birkiani n adj Grufberg=Medicago
minima Lat.
iota(ix.mZivi) n minute bead
ipodromi n hippodrome
iraga=kamania(si) n adj chamomile=Anthemis ssp Lat.
iranizacia v n Iranianise,Iranianisation
iremi n sing. only deer
~giganturi Giant deer=Megalaceros Lat.
86
~mamri 1 wlis
n fawn
~furi n doe
~xari n buck,moose,stag
iremlaRi
n roebuck
iribad adv obliquely,slanting,slantwise
~Cacelili
adj mowed
iribana n (counter)brace,strut
irizebuli adj irisated,iridescent
irmis(a) adj corvine
~myviraloba belling/ruttling time
~rqa utotebo n spice
~rqebi=qorbuda n pl only antlers
~rqis iaraRi antler tool
~ ~ naWeri
~ segment
~ ~ samagri
~ fastening/toggle
~ ~ toti
~ prong/tine
~ ~ Reri
~ rod
~ ~ warmoeba ~ industry
irmismxala(si)(mc) n adj Serratula
isari n arrow
~xuroTmoZRvruli ornamenti n dart
isarmtyorcni n bow, scorpion
islamizacia v n Islamise/Islamisation
isli(s)
n adj thatch
isris gasrolaze
adv at bowshot
isrisebri
adj lancet
isrispiri=isriswveri n arrowhead
~gverdamoRaruli~ with a groove on one
side
~elifsisebri
elliptic/spatulate ~
~lancetisebri
lanceolate
~
~nestrisebri stinge-like/shaped ~
~ovaluri
ovate ~
~or/ormagzurgiani double-backed blade
~ormxrivdaqanebuli mxrebiT ogee ~
~orkapayunwiani
~ with barbed deltoid
tang
~orfrTiani grZeli yunwiT deltoid
longtanged ~
~
~
mokle
~
deltoid ~
~rombisebri
lozenge-shaped ~
~sadgisisebri pricker-shaped ~
~samfrTiani barbed deltoid ~ with a tang
~skviTuri
Scythian ~
~sqelzurgiani heavy backed blade
~fiTxisebri
iniar ~
~foTlisebri leaf-shaped ~
~frTebdaSvebuli tanged and barbed ~
~fuZe/quslamoRaruli hollow-based ~
~yunwiani
~ with a shaft
~wagrZelebuli oblonged ~
~wamaxulwvetiani
pointed ~
isriswveris mWreli piri n blade
~tari n arrow shaft
~fuZe n stem
~qedi
n rib
~yunwi n shaft,tang
~wveti n point, tip
isruli adj lancet, spire
istoria(ix.saistorio,xelovnebis) history
=ambavi n story, tale
~bibliuri
Bible story
~romlis Semowmebac SeiZleba verifiable~
istoriaze gadasvla disgression on ~
~gavlena have a (no) bearing on ~
istoriaSi Sesvla v enter historical stage
istoriidan gaqroba disappear from historical records
istoriis Semoqmedi/Semqmneli n history
maker
~sawyisi
dawn of history
istoriisaTvis adv towards a history of sth
istoriuli adj historic(al)(o)
~garemo/CarCo
historical setting
=dokumenturi/realuri adj historical
~viTareba
historical condition(s)
~saxe ramisa historic fabric of sth
~simarTle kernel of historical truth
~sinamdvile historical conditions/realities
~qarga/ConCxi
~
skeleton
~CarCo
~
framework/setting
~cnoba n record
istoriuloba
n historicity
itevs v accommodates, houses, sth has
(certain)capacity,is enough,seats
ityobineba v reports
iudas xe/xis=arRavani(s) n adj Juda‟s tree
iudevelTa
adj Jewish
~diaspora
n Dispersion
iudeveli n Jew(ish)
ifani/ifnis n adj ashtree, Fraxinus (Lat)
iRlia
n armpit
iRumeni(a) n Father/Mother Superior, hegumenos Gr.
iSviaTad adv infrequently,lessfrequently,occasionally,rarely,seldom
iSviaTi adj infrequent,occasional,rare,scanty,
scarce,uncommon
~gamoCena rare/scattered occurance
~xseneba
little mention
iSviaToba n infrequency,rarity,scarcity,scantiness
icavs v advocates, protects
icvleba v changes,undergoes,transforms,
87
varies
v sth is familiar(identified,identifiable
recognizable)
iZireba(advilad) adj sinkable
iZleva v gives,offers,provides
~SesaZleblobas sb/sth provides a possibility
iZuleba v be forced, force sb, induce,sb/sth
compelled/made sb do,constraint,necessitate,resolve
iZulebiT adv under constrait,induced by…
iZulebiTi adj enforced,obliged
iZulebuli adj induced by sb/sth
iwamo v believe sth
iwarmoeba v sth is manufactured/inproduction
iwevs=matulobs v exceeds
iwvevs v sth causes sth,calls for,stimulates
iwinaswarmetyveleba sth is predictable
ver ~ sth (is) unpredictable
iwyeba v sth begins, sth comes into being at/in
starts off,stems from
ixmareba v sth is used/in use/current
~kvlav sth continues/persists in use, sth
Is still in use
~farTod sth is in common use, sth seem
seem(s) current
ixreba v inclines(leads,tends) to..,striding…
ixsenebs v recalls
ixsenieba/ixseniebs v sb/sth figures/is mentioned
ar ~ there is no mention (in the)…
ixsna v rescue sb from sth
ijra(sakvebi) n meal
adv with communications(contacts,links)
kavSirze miuTiTebs sth points to the ties
with..,sth reveals links with…
kavSiri n v cohesion,contact,link(age),tie
wminda ~ the Holy Alliance
kazemati n casemate=a box of mud brick
~oTxkuTxa n enciente
kazmi(s)
n adj dosage
~CasatvirTi xvreli n hopper
~CatvirTva v stoke
kaTalikosi n Gr. katholikos
kaTarzisi n catharsis
kaTarzisuli adj cathartic
kaTedra n platform, sing/pl Lat. rostra/
rostrum
~eklesiaSi n pulpit,
Gr. kathedra
~universitetSi n chair, sub-faculty
kaTedrali n cathedral,chapter
=Senoba n chapter house
kaTolike/kaTolikuri n adj Roman
Catholic
kaTolikoba/kaTolicizmi n Catholicism
kakabi n partridge
kakali/kaklis n adj walnut(tree), Junglas
Regia Lat.
kala/kalis
n adj tin
~namwvis fena n tin slag deposit
~sabado n tannery
~Semcveli adj tin-bearing
kalaTa n basket, frail
~SroSanis formis n sing/pl Lat. calathus/calathi
kalaTwvna n basketry
kalamburi n pun
kalami
n nib
~namyenis n graft
kalapoti(ix.mdinaris) n shoe
kalatozi n brick layer, (stone)mason
kalendari/kalendaruli n adj calendar
(ical)
kalTagrZeli adj long flapped
kalTebdaqanebuli adj sloping sided
kalipteri(ix.kramiti) n grooved tile
kalmaxi n trout
kalmistari n (fountain) pen, stylograph
kalo n barn, threshing floor
kalooba n threshing
kaloriferi(fr) n heater, n Fr. calorifere
kama/kamis(sakmazi) n adj fennel=Foeniculum
vulgare
kamaTeli n pl only dice
kavSirebiT
icnoba
k
kaba n dress,rob,skirt
~didkalTiani n folded skirt
~kudiT=SleifiT
n Gr. syrma
~nakecebiani
appliated/pliated dress
qveda ~
n skirt
kabis bolo=Sleifi
n hem, train
~bolos damWeri vinme n train-bearer
~kalTa n lap, tail
~nakeci n full-front
kavi n ploughshare
~mecxvaris/faraonis n crook
kavSirebi n pl communications,contacts,
connotations,links,ties
~savaWro
trade links
~sazRvao
sea
~
~samdinaro water ~
~saxmeleTo land ~
88
kamaTi n v controversy,debate,discussion
kamaTlebi(ix.koWis) n pl only die/dice
kamania=iraga(si) n adj chamomile=Anthemis ssp. Lat.
kamara(ix.bjeni,TaRi) n (cloister) vault
~brtyeli
flat(plain,straight) vault
~
~
damreci flat arch
~bjenebiani(bjeniani/Sveriliani corbelled ~ ; corbelling
~bjenis
corbel
~
~ganmtvirTavi discharging/relieving ~
~gumbaTovani/qolgisebri domed ~
~damreci
flat ~ ~
~varskvlava
star-like ~
~karvisebri
hipped ~
~kasrisebri barrel/tunnel-vault
~moSvilduli bow-shaped ~
~nalisebri
horse-shoe ~ ~
~naxevradbrtyeli half-flat ~
~naxevradcilindruli wagon ~
~naxevarwriuli barrel(centering,centre,full,
perfect,roundhead,semicircular) arch/vault
tunnel vault
~orisruli double arrow/lancet ~
~samcentriani basket ~
~safexuredi stepped ~
~sferuli cul de four (Fr)
~unagira
strainer arch
~qvis
stone ~
~Seisruli arrow/lancet-shaped ~
~Sveriliani corbel(ing) ~ ~
~cilindruli barrel(tunnel/wagon) vault
~cicabo stilted ~ ~
~cru corbelled ~ ~
~wriuli barrel vault
~jvruli/jvaredini cruciform ~/groinvault
~jvrisebri cross/groin vault
kamariseburad adj archwise
kamariszeda adj above/over arch/vault
kamaris solebis SeerTebis adgili n
groin
~gare/zeda zedapiri n extrados
~ ialqnebi n pl pendentives
~naxevarrkali/qusli n haunch
~sawyisi/Ziri springing line
~soli
n quoin
~fuZe=sawyisi=zeviT mimavali xazi
springing line
~qusli n skewback
~Rari
n chute
~Sida zedapiri n intrados
kamea n cameo
~gem(m)iT n cameo-cut gem(m)
kameis keTebis teqnika cameo technique
kamera n chamber,loculus/loculi Lat.
kameraluri/kameruli adj chamber
kampania(ix.sabrZolo,savele) n campaign,
expedition
~mimarTo... wage ~ against sb
kanabe n canaba
kanalizacia n canalization,drain,sewer(age)
~daxurulin cesspit,covered sewer system
~sawreti mili cesspipe
~wyalgayvanilobasTan erTad sanitation system
kanalizaciis Semkrebi n collector, sewer
kanafi(s) n adj hemp
kandeli
n icon-lamp
kanelurebi(ani)
n adj fluting,fluted
~xSiri
dence flutes
kaneluri n flute/fluting
kani(s) n adj cortex,skin
~kaklis/kvercxis n bobe,shell,lobus/
lobi (Gr)
~marcvleulis n hool
~naoWebiani
creased/wrinkled skin
~xis
n rind
kanioni
n canyon, water-gap
~viwro
narrow gully
~mSrali
arid/shallow ~
kanongareSe/gandevnili vinme adj outlaw
~gamocxadeba v n prescript(ion),ban
kanonzomiereba n normality, regularity
kanonzomieri adj normal, regular
kanoni
n
law
~adgilobrivi
local canon/law
~bunebis
natural law(s)
~dauwereli
prescription
~saxelmwifo
public law/life
kanonieri adj lawful
kanonizacia v n canonize/canonization
~wmindanad
v saint
kanoniT
adv (by) decree
kanonikuri
adj canonical,iconic
kanonmdebeli
n law giver/maker
kanti=yaiTani n stripe
kancelaria n chancellery
kancleri n chancellor
kanWi
n calf
kanjari n anager, Equus heminius Lat.
kaparWi n quiver
kapelani n chaplain
kapitaluri adj main
kapiteli
n
cap(ital)
89
~bizantiuri BByzantine ~
~doriuli
Dorian
~
~ionuri
Ionic
~
~kompozituri=ionuri+korinTuli
composite
~korinTuli
Korinthian ~
~romanuli
Italic
kapitelis lilvaki
n
balteus
~ylorti
n
caulicole
kapituli n Lat. Capitulum
kapiSoni=kunkuli
n cowl
kapucini n Capuchin
kaJi(s) n adj
flint, fire stone
~anatkeci n chert
~damuSaveba n flintwork
~dana
flint knife
~iaraRi(s)
~ weapon
~ ~ saxelosno silicon-mine-working
~Semcveli adj silicious
~sawarmo n silicious plant
~saWrisi flint knife
~furclovani tabular flint
~xelsawyo silicious implement/tool
~
~
kaJis piriT flint-edge-tool
kaJiani adj flinty
kaJiT dakawruli adj flint scraped
~momarageba v flint
kaJmiwa/miwis
n adj silica
karabadini n book of home cure
karavi n marque, tent
~mxedarTmTavris/Stabis n praetorium
Lat.
=parlamenti
n assembly
karalioki(s) n adj goldcrest
karati=yiraTi
n carat
karauli=jori n mule
kargad
adv well
kargi adj good,fine,kind,perfect
karvis sayrdeni boZi n tent-pole
kari n door(way)
~asawev-daswevi n portcullies
~gamavali communicating/leading door
~gverdiTi(ukana/faruli) n postern
~kedlis centrSi centrally placed doorway
~niSebiani nitched doorway
~orsagduliani
bivalve ~
~orfrTiani
two-fold ~
~ukana back door,postern
~flankirebuli flanking entrance
~ ~ orive mxares koSkebiT towers flanking entrance
~Semavali a door approached by stairs
~cru n false door
~wirTxli n gate-post,jamb,lintel
karibWe n gate(way)
kariera(ix.Semoqmedeba)n career,curriculum/
curricula Lat.
karieri=axo n quarry
karieris damuSaveba v n exploit(ation)
kari(s) amyoli n door-post,jamb
~amyoli/wirTxli n stile,stud
~dgari=gverdiTi ~
wide-cheeks
~didebul(n)i n courtier
~ eklesia court church
~zRurbli n door-sill,doorstep
~kamara n lintel
~kaci n guard
~kaci=moxele n official
~mwerali n scribe
~sapire n frame
~frTa/daraba n doorleaf/wing
~qusli n abutment
~RerZi n door-bar
~Riobi/CarCo n doorsocket,doorway,passage
~Suali(aseve fanjris) n mullion
~CarCo n door frame/setting
karnizi=lavgardani n cornice,moulding
karsti(s) n v
carse
karCaketilad adv in seclusion, unsociably
karCaketili adj secluded, unsociable
~vinme adj reclusive
karCaketiloba n (in) seclusion
kasri n barrel
~sabanao
n washing-vat
katabalaxa(si)=katispitna n adj catnip=
Nepeta Cataria Lat.
katalogi n catalogue,collection of articles
~arq. masalis n handlist
katalogis Sedgena v catalogue
katafalki (ital)=salxinebeli n hearse
katexizmo n catechism
katisebrni n felid/feline
katorRa(ix.samuSao) n penal servitude
kauri(s)
n adj cowrie=cowry
kauWi n clasp,hob, hook
=sakidi n hinge(pin)
=sayrdeni n projection
kaSkaSa adj bright
kaSxali n v
dam
= sagubari n weir
kac-dRe
n person-day
kaci(ix.tyis,Sua,xazi) n male, man
~Tovlis Ice man
90
~qalis msgavsi
n
androgene
Sua ~ n go between/middle man
kacis simaRle n life size
kaciWamia
n cannibal
~eposSi n ogre
kacobrioba/kacobriobis n humanity,mankind
~warsuli human past
kacuna
n diminutive
kaWari(ix.qva) n boulder
kaWkaWi n mocking bird
kbilana n cog,denticle,dentil,scallop,tenon
kbilebiani adj cog(jagged,notched,prong,rib,
serrate,tooth)(ed)
~borbali toothed wheel
wminda ~ sth with small cogs
kbili
n tooth
~axali
second teeth
~gverdiTi lateral ~
~eSvi zeda
eye-tooth
~ ~ qveda canine
~nivris n clove
~orfesviani(8c) bicuspid
~raime detalis n tenon
~samfesviani=saZire molar teeth
~sarZeve
child‟s first ~, milktooth/teeth
~saZire
axle/back(pre)molar,second) ~
~saWreli
incisor ~
kbilis amosaRebi gazi=Txisfexa molar
forceps
~gvirgvini n crown
~fesvi n point
~foso n socket
~cveTa v shed
kbode n bank,cliff,crag,precipice,steep
kedari/kedris
n adj cedar
kedelze kiduli
adj wall-hanging
kedeli
n wall(ing)
~amogebuli lined wall
~amridi
retaining ~
~baqnebis sayrdeni embanking/terrase ~
~brma=yru blank ~
~galavnis koSkebs Soris curtain=curtine~
~gamagrebuli(ix.iaqTaRi) battered ~
~ganivi cross/wide ~
~gare=mosapirkeTebeli n face
~grZivi far/long ~ ; long pan
~ ~ mzidi(Sida) spine ~
~dabali dwarf(low/short) ~
~damakavSirebeli
chord ~
~damcavi defencive(fortification/retaining)~
~ ~
= zRude enclosing ~
~dangreuli battered ~
~dawaxnagebuli morebis short ~
~idayvamde/welamde waist-height ~
~kazematis=saTofuris casemate ~
~kapitaluri=mzidi load-bearing ~
main/principal ~
~kibis Wauris string ~
~mzidi(Sida) load bearing(spin/supporting) ~
~(ara) mzidi(Sida) non-load-bearing ~
~natkepni miwis rammed earth/pisé ~
~niSebiani niched ~
~orferda gable ~
~ramis garSemo all-encompassing ~
~saerTo(ori saTavsis)
party/share ~
~saTofurebiani ~ topped by crenellation
~safexuredi
stepped
~sayrdeni retaining(revetment/terrace) ~
=tixari/tixris partition ~
~facxis ~ of light framing of poles and twigs/wattles= ~ of woven latticework of wattles
~qvis orive mxridan mopirkeTebuli ~
of rubble core sandwiched between ashlar
masonry
~qongurebiani
a ~ with battlement(s)
=Robe
enclosure ~
~yru
blind/solid ~
~Sida spin ~
~SiSveli
blank ~
~Sua
pier
~Camketi closing ~
~cixe-simagris curtain=curtine wall
~Zlieri sturdy wall
~wnelis reed/wattle ~
=xis CarCo timber-framing
~xsnariT Semtkicebuli wall held together with mortar
kedlebis garSemoweriloba n circuit of
walls
kedlidan gamoSverili projecting from the
line of wall(s)
kedlis amoyvana/ayvana v n erect(ion)/rise
of a wall
~burji n stronghold, wall supporting post
~gadawyoba v re-lay the masonry
~galesva/mopirkeTebav ger coat/finish(ing)
~garRveva
v burst/rip the wall
~gaswvriv SemaRleba side bench(es)
~TefSi
wall plate
~mxatvroba n murals, mural/wall paintings
~ngreva v ger ram(ing)
~pirimxaris wyoba facing
91
~samagri
n gudgeon
~samkauli n wall ornament
~sangrevi godoli n sing/pl Lat. helepolis/helepolim
~
~
manqana n battering ram
~sahaero n wall-flue
~ simkvrive face
~ube n bay
~fasadin sing/pl Gr.orthostata/orthostatae
~qveda sqeli nawili step=thickening
~qveS underneath of the wall
~Selesiloba n coat(dress,plaster)(ing)
~
~
I fena
rendering
~Semovleba v encompass
~Sida sivrce walled area
~Camketi
closing wall
~Ziri n base of the wall,floor,footing
~ZirSi Semzadeba n bed(foot,ground)(ing)
in
~ ~
~ alizis mortar bedding
~xis CarCo timber framing
kedelSi Cataneba v immure
~agurebis/qvebis samagri n gudgeon
~kera wall fitted with a hearth
~Riobi/xvreli (wall)opening
~Casmuli raime sth engaged into the wall
~Catanebuli bede(ebi) ramis CasasmelAad n pigeon-hole
~CaSenebuli intramural(ly)
kevri n thresher
keTeba v ger do(make,manufacture)(ing)
~namzadis
v rough out
~reliefis=ornamentis v relieve
~rukis v map
keTebis xelovneba n skill
~xerxi n means of solution,method,way of
keTilmorwmune adj righteous
keTilmowyobili adj comfortable,convenient
keTilmsaxuri n adj devout, pious
keTilsurneleba n fragrance
keTilsurnelovani adj fragrant,redolent,
sweetsmelting
keTilSobileba(ix.simbolo) n nobility,
nobleness,virtue
keTilSobili adj chivalrous,generous,noble
pious
keTilSobiluri adj chivalry
keisari n ceaser
keklucoba sarkeSi v ger preen/tide(ing)
oneself
kelaptari n candle
kenkra
n pl berries
~ 1 marcvali n berry
kentad adv solely
kentavri n centaur
kenti
adj sole
~ricxvi
odd number
kenwero
n top
kenWebiT mofenili/moSandakebuli adj
pebbly,shingly,covered with pebble flooring
kenWebis safeni/baliSi n cobble/pebble
bed/flooring
kenWi(s)/kenWovani n adj pebble, shingle
~kenWisyris
n lot
kenWisyra
v ballot, cast/drow lots
kera n centre, seat, nidus/nidi (sing/pl Lat.)
~adgilobrivi
local centre/seat
~mSobliuri one‟s hearth and home
~uZravi immovable hearth
keria=kera n hearth
~iatakSi=uZravi ~ fixed into the floor
~moZravi
portable ~
~uZravi
immovable ~
~SuaSi
central ~
keramika(ix.Tixa,WurWeli) n pl ceramist,
(earthen)ware,pottery
~bevri bzenarevi chaff-faced ~ ~
~bze/namjanarevi chaff-tempered ~ ~
~brwyinvaled naprialebi brilliantly polished ~
~ganaTxari
excavated pottery
~ganleqili Tixis lavigated ~
~gluvzedapiriani smooth ~
~dakbiluli ~ with cogs,ribbed/serrated~
~damtvreuli adj beaten
~daxvewili,mSvenieri,Zvirfasis fine ware
~vardisfersarCuliani
pink-lined pottery/ware
~zedapirgaprialebuli/zedapirulad
gamomwvari perfunctory burnished ~
~zonarsaxiani
cord pottery/ware
~TeTrgruntiani white ground pottery
~TeTrfiguruli
white-figured ~ /ware
~TeTrad moxatuli white-painted ~ ~
~Tokisebri corded ~ ~ =Liniarbandkeramik (Ger)
~Txelkedliani eggshell(shallow,slender)~
~inkrustirebuli inlayed ~ ~
~kanelurebiani
fluted ~ ~
~kaklis naWuWisebri walnut-shell ~ ~
~kanopuri
Canopic ~ ~
~kargad gamomwvari high burnish ~ ~
92
~kopebdasmuli
pottery surmounted by
knobs
~lenturi band/tape ~ ~ coil-built ~ ~
~liTonuri bzinvarebiT metal luster, imitating metallic surface, bearing/imitating
silvery sheen
~morgvze/Carxze nakeTebi wheel-made ~
~ = pottered/shaped on potter‟s wheel
~moWiquli
glazed ~ ~
~moxatuli
painted ~ ~
~mravalfiguriani many-figured ~ ~
~mcirefiguruli small-figured ~ ~
~mxatvruli design ~ ~
~nakadebiani serrated-stream ~ ~
~naprialebi burnished/polished ~ ~
~naWriTmogluvebuli cloth wiped ~ ~
~orferad SeRebili polychrome painted ~
~poliqromuli polychromic(al) ~ ~
~sada/Seumkobeli plain ~
~savarcxlispirul-talRuri serratedwavy ~
~samosuri
Samian ~ ~
~samSeneblo building ~
~sarCuliani(ix.vardisfer...)
lined ~ ~
~saxis gamosaxulebiani anthropomorphous ~
~simboloiani
symbol ~ ~
~spiralurad naprialebi spiral burnished
~sqelkedliani thick-shell ~ ~
~uxeSad naZerwi ~ made in a slip-shod
way; offhand ~ ~
~uxeSi barbotine/surface roughhand ~
coarse/rough ~
~figurebiT Semkuli
~ decorated/painted with figures
~fosoebiani ~ with cavities/holes
~fosoebian-savarcxlispiruli ~ with
holes and ribs
~qsoviliani matting/sacking ~ ~
~Savad gamomwvari black-burnt/baked ~ ~
~Savad moxatuli black-painted
~ ~
~Savlakiani
black slip/varnished ~ ~
~Savpriala black-burnishe/polished,lustrous
black burnished
~Savfiguruli black-figured ~ ~
~SavWiquriani
black-glazed ~ ~
~Zalian priala high polish/highly burnished
~ZaZiani
boggy/sacking ~ ~
~ZelebiT nagebi samarxis
timber ~ ~
~Zlier gamomwvari hard fired ~ ~
~wabla/wiTeli brown ~
~wernaqiani
engobaged ~ ~
~wiTelkeciani red-clay ~
~wiTellakiani red-slip/varnished ~ ~
~wiTelfiguruli
red-figured ~ ~
~wiTelwernaqiani red slipped ware
~ ~ Savi sartyliT red-black banded ~
~wiTlad gamomwvari red-baked(burnt/fired)
~wiTlad moxatuli/SeRebili red painted
painted ~
~Wilofiani
matting ~ ~
~xeliT naZerwi built by hand,handmade,
handmodeled
keramikaze liTonis bzinvareba n metal
luster
keramikis(ix,Tixa,keci) adj ceramics,pottery
~zedapiruli gamowva perfunctory burnish
~keTeba/mzadeba n pottery-making
~nawarmi n ceramic product, pottery
~teqnologia(Si) (in) ceramic tacnology
~Rumeli=Tuni n furnace kiln
~warmoeba n ceramic/pottery production
~wuni n regect
keramikosi=meTune n ceramist, potter
keramikuli(ix.winare) adj ceramic, clay
~masa
~ ceramic clay/paste
~nawarmi n earthen/stone(ware),pottery,
~fxvnili n ceramic powder; opus albarum/caementium Lat.
~yuTebi(sakvamuris) n box-tile
kerati
n boar, hog
kerpad qceva v n idolize/idolization
kerpTayvanismcemeli n idolater/idolatress
kerpTayvanismcemloba n idolatry,paganism,
superstition
kerpTayvanismcemluri adj idolatory,idolatrous
kerpTmsaxuri n priest
kerpi n icon,idol,image
kerZi(ix.ulufa) n dish, meal
kerZis mzadeba v ger cook(ing)
kerZo adj distinct,individual,own,particular,
personal,private
~sakuTreba private property
~SekveTa private/special order
~SemTxveva distinct case,phenomenon/phenomena Lat. sing/pl
~xasiaTi
speciality in sth
kerZod... adv mainly,namely,notably,(in)
particular(ly)
kesoni
n coffer; caisson (Fr)
ket-kombali
n stave
keti n baton,club,rod
kefa(ix.Zvali) n back of the head,occipit
93
keci(ix.WurWeli)
n clay,fabric
~minarevebiani ~ ~ with inclusions/insertions
~uxeSi
coarse fabric
~fSvnadi crisp
~
~cecxlSi damskadari fire cracked
~wminda
fine
~
~
~xvinWanarevi grit-tempered
kexze adv atop
kvadratebad dayofa v ger grid(ing)
~dayofili
afj gridded
kvadratebis bade n grid
kvadrati(ix.CaWdeuli)
n square(d) circle
kvadratuli
adj
quadratic, square
2
~metri
m
~formis micema v square
kvadri n block; sing/pl Lat. quadrum/quadro
kvadriga n sing/pl Lat. quadriga/quadrigae
kvadrigariusi n sing/pl Lat. quadrigarius/
quadrigarii
kvazi...
combining form quasi…
kvaldakval adv in the footsteps of…
kvali(ix.cecxlis,cxovrebis) n evidence,
imprint,mark,scar,sign,trace
=anasaxi n imprint, trace
= = namoqmedaris
doing trace(s)
~dazianebis n scar/trace of damage
~emCneva v
sth bears traces of…
~ar ~ v sty is not to be traced
~ngrevis n
trace(s) of destruction
= niSani n evidence,mark, sign
kvals miyola v follow sb‟s steps
kvamlsadeni(ix.sakvamuri) n chimney
kvanZi n knot, nodule
kvarva v spear
kvarTi n garment
~iesosi/uflis chasuble,crucifixion coat
kvari n torch
kvartali(ix.sacxovrebeli) n district, quarter
kvarci(s)
n adj quartz
kvarciti(s) n adj quartzite
kvarcxlbeki(s) n base,pedestal,pediment,
plinth
~TaRnaris n sing/pl Lat. stylobates/stylobatis
~kubi
n dado
kvdoma v decay,decrease,die out
kveba n v diet,feed,live on,nourish,subsistance
kveTa v ger carve,curve,etch,fret,hew(ing)
~daxvewili adj delicate curving
~liTonze v ger engrave(ing)
~linoliumze v ger linocut(ing)
~samedicino v n excise/excision
~spilenZze v copperplate
~uxeSad v n rough out
kveTili adj carved,curved,hewn,opus interralize
kverva v ger cold hammer(ing), pinch
kverviT daRarva v ger hammer(ing)
kverTxi mefis
n staff, warder
~mRvdlis n crosier=crozier
=Standarti n mace, standard
kverTxisTavi n mace head,knob,standard
mount
kveri n flat cake
~sakulto
angel food, cult loaf
~Saqris/naxSiris
n knob
=CaquCi n hammer
= ~ xis
n mallet, punch
kverna n marten=Martes gen. Lat.
kvercxi(s)
n adj egg
~matlis n larva
~naWuWi(s) n adj shell
~formis adj egg-shaped,ovate,ovolo
kves-abedi(ix.tal-kvesi) n steel and tinder
kvesi(s) n adj steel
kvestori n questor
kvexna v brag about
kvinariusi n sing/pl Lat. Quinarus/Quinarii
kvintesencia n quintessentia
kvira(ix.yovel) n week
~dRe(mzisa,sauflo) n Sunday
Sobis ~ n Christmastide
kviracxovloba(ix.Toma) Thomas' Sunday/
Week
kvirikobisa(ix.ivlisi,mkaTaTve,quelTobai) n July
kvirti n bloom, bud
kvici n foal
kviristavi(ix.Zvali) n knee-cup
~TiTistarze n spindle-whorl
kvlav(ix.ixmareba) adv (once) again/more
kvlavindeburad adv
still, as usual
kvleva v n examine/explore(ation),investigate
(ion),research,study,survey
~zedapiruli v n ger prospest(ion)(ing),
surface survey
~Zieba n v research, survey
kvleviTi adj research
kvlevis sagani subject of study
~Sedegi product of research
kvrinCxi(s) n adj sloe-bush=Prunus spinosa
kibe(ix.xveuli) n flight/set of steps,stairs,
94
staircase/way
~adis staircase ascends
~baqnidan baqnamde flight of stairs
~ierarqiuli
hierarchic stairs
~karTan (a chamber) with a stair-case at the
door
~karSi Semavali a door approached by
stair-case
~gadasatani/misadgmeli n ladder,scale
~Cadis staircase descends
kibis baqani
n landing
~dasawyisi foot
~Tavi top
~moajiri n pl usu. banisters
~safexuri n step
~safexuris sayrdeni/SemaRleba riser board,corbel
~saqcevi flight of stairs
~ujredi n flight of steps
~Cana n string wall,stringer,stair-well,staircase well
~Wauri n stair well
~Wauris kedeli string-well
kibo zRvis(ix.asTakvi) n crab
~aTfexa=langusti n lobster
~mdinaris
n crowfish
kiborumi n sing/pl Gr. ciborium=ciboria/cibriae
kide(ix.napiri) n edge,frontier,lip,mere,pheriphery,verge
~gare(Ta) adj outer edge
~Sida adj
inner
~
kideebdakbiluli adj cogged(jagged,notched,serrated) edge/side
kideebiT erTmaneTs mibjenili
sth carvel-built/joined edge to edge
kideebs gadacilebuli adj sty puddling
out of the edge
~mibjenili sty puddling out to the edge
kidev adv again,once again/more
kideze adv at the edge
kidia adj suspending
kididan kidemde adv from edge to edge
kidisken adv towards the edge
kidobani n shrine
~aRTqmis Ark of Covenant, Shrine
~noesi
Noa‟s ark/boat
kiduli adj (over)hang(ing),pendant,pendulous,suspend(ed)(ing),eaves
Tavisuflad ~ adj dangle(ing)
kidura adj sth on the periphery,peripherial
kiduri n limb
~zeda
upper ~
~ukana
hind feet
~qveda
lower limb
~wina
front feet
kiTara n sing/pl Lat. citara/citarae
kilamura(si)(balaxi) n Polipodium vulgare
kilita(ix.sasfante) n applique, button
kilita/kiliti n tab
~brWyviala n sparkle
kilo n adj kilo
=bude n mortise
~sagnis n rebate
kilokavi n dialect
kimaTioni=qimationi n Lat. cymatium
(sing),cymation/cymationi (pl)
kiparisi(s)
n adj Cypress
kiri(s)(ix.kirqva) n adj lime
~gamosawvavi Rumeli n lime-kiln
~damwvari burnt ~
~karieri n lime-pit
~Camqrali hydrated=slaked ~
~Caumqrali quick ~
~wyliani
hydrated ~
kiriT Selesva/Selesili v adj lime/white
plaster(ed)/wash(ed)
~SeTeTreba/SeTeTrebuli v lime-wash(ed)
kiriani(ix.Tixa,qviSa)
adj calcareous
kirkali n neck-ring
kirqva/kirqvis n adj limestone=calcium carbonate
~gamomwvari burnt lime=calcium oxide
~kaJiani=fiqali n adj chert
~Camqrali slaked lime=calcium hydroxide
kirxsnari(s)(ix.WurWeli) n adj lime-wash/
white,lime milk
~keramikuli fxvnilis Semcveli opus
caementium
~samSeneblo/Sesalesi n lime mortar
kiseri n neck
kistani n bludgeon
kistofori(moneta) n cistophori
kiteli n tunic
kitrana(si) n adj zucchini
kitrisuna(si)=boranjo=saro n adj borage=Borago gen=Borango officinalis Lat.
kicura n beam(pole/ridge)
kicuras sveti n ridge-pole
~
Zeli n ridge-beam
klanWi n claw
klasebad dayofa v n stratify,stratification
klasi=fena n class
klasikuri adj classic(al)(s)
95
~kvlevebi/swavlebani Classical Studies
klasifikacia(ix.qve) v n classify/classification
~ganmeorebiT reclassify/classification
klasicizmi n classicism
klasobrivi
adj class
~gansxvaveba
~ distinction
~sazogadoeba stratified society
klde/kldis
n adj
cliff, crag, rock
~gamokveTili living rock
~kalTaze adv on precipice
~madani/madnis n adj rock
~maRali/frialo towering crag(s)
~Sverili n hanging rock,rock-shelter
~Sveuli/cicabo precipitous, clove
~wvetiani
towering cliff
kldeze kveTa v rock curve/curving
~nakawri/naxati n graffiti=graffito
kldekari n gorge,ravine
kldeSi nakveTi adj rock-hewn
kldovani adj rocken composition,rocky,
~xevi n clove
kleba v become less,decrease,diminish,lessen(ing),diminution in sth,downdrop,fade,
fall away,flow awayfrom,recede,reduce,
wane,weaken(ing)
klebadi adj diminishing
klimati n climate
~araxelsayreli/mavne adverse ~
~zomieri
moderate,temperate ~
~mavne/usiamo adverse ~
~mkacri/mZime
harsh ~
~mSrali
hard baked
~notio
humid ~
~rbili
clemency, mild ~
~sveli
wet ~
~civi
cold ~
klimatis gaumjobeseba amelioration of ~
~cvlileba climat spell
klimaturi adj climatic
~aramdgradoba
~
instability
~Taviseburebani
~ features
~pirobebi
~ conditions
~stiqiebi n pl usu. elements
kmeva v incense
kobalti(s)
n adj cobalt
kodeqsi n code, sing/pl Lat. Codex/Codeces
~ muxli
n article,sentence
kodva(ix.mkodavi)
v n castrate/castration
~qvis v curve, quarry
kodi n code
kodis gaxsna v crack, decode
kovzi(s)(ix.zondi) n adj spoon
~sinjis n test ~
~tari n shank
koine n Gr. koine
kokori
n
bud
koleqtiuri
adj collective
~mflobeloba
joint ownership
koleqcioneri
n collector
koleqcia
n collection
koleqciis Sekreba v n amass,collect(ion)
kolonada=TaRnari
n pillaring; collonade
(Fr)
kolonadebiani adj colonnaded
kolonia(ix.winare) n sing/pl Lat. collonia/
colloniae
kolonizatoruli
adj colonizing
kolonizacia(ix.winare) v n colonize(ation)
kolonizaciamdeli adj precolonization
koloriti n colour(ing)
kolorituli
adj colourful,picturesque
kolosaluri
adj colossal
kolosi n sing/pl Lat. collosos/colossus
kombali
n club
~mecxvaris n crook
komentari
n v comment(ate)
komentatori n commentator,exponent of,
interpreter
komli n homestead
~umiwo
landless ~
komodi
n chest of drowers, dresser
kompleqsi(ix.samarxeuli) n block,complex,set
kompleqsidan amoReba v abstract sth from~
kompleqsuri adj sth all embracing,complex,
comprehensive
kompleqsuroba
n complexity
kompleqti n set
kompliviumi n sing/pl Lat. compluvium/
compluviumi
kompozicia n composition
kompoziciuri
adj composite,composed
kona(ix.Sekvra)
n bunch,faggot,sheaf
sxivTa ~
box of beams,shaft of light
kondaki n Hymnal; n Gr. kondakion
konebad Sekvra v faggot
konkretuli adj concrete, specific
konservacia v n conserve/conservation
konsoli=kronSteini n bracket,console,
corbel,prop
konspeqti n sing/pl Lat. sullabus/sullabi,
synopsis/synopses
=monaxazi n abstract,outline,sketch
96
konstatacia
v n state(ment)(s)
konstruqtori n structural engineer
konstruqcia n structure
konstruqciuli adj constructional,constructive
konsultanti=mrCeveli n adviser
~swavluli n boffin
~universitetis UUniversity Wits
konteqsti n (overall) context
konteqstidan amoReba v abstract sth from ~
konteqsturi adj context(ual)
konteqstSi
adv in/within (certain) context
~gaazreba/ganxilva treat sth within context
~CarTuli integrated in(some kind of)context
kontinenturi
adj mainland
kontrabanda
v ger smuggle(ing)
kontrabandisti
n
smuggler
kontrasti=gansxvaveba
n contrast
kontrastisTvis=sxvaobisaTvis adv by ~
kontroli v n control,hold ~ of sb/sth
~gadavida v control of sth went to sb
~swyuria v hanker after control
kontrolqveS adv sb/sth under control of sb
kontrforsi(fr)=iaqTaRi n v buttress
~TaRiani
arc boundant
konturi n v conour, outline
konusi n cone, taper
~ormagi
double cone
konusisebri adj cone-shaped
konusurTaviani adj cone-headed
konusuri adj conical,tapered
konferencia
n conference
konfiguracia
n configuration
konqi n conch=domed roof of semicircular
apse
koncentruli adj concentric
koncxi n cape, height,promontory
kopebdasmuli adj sth surmounted by knobs
kopebiani
adj knobbed, warty
kopi n bulge,boss,knob,wart
~ZuZusebri
mamiform boss
~ZuZusTavisebri nipple-like ~
koplebiani adj speckled
koptoni(s)=wewoni(s) n adj cake
kordi=belti
n turf
kordian-humusiani adj turf and humus layer
ading,correct the press
koromi
n clump,grove,wooded site
korpis xe/xis
v adj cork-oak
korpusi
n block (of flats)
~diplomatiuri/samxedro n corpse
korZebiani
adj knotty
korZi n out growth, tumour
~xis n knot hole
kosmiuri adj mundane
kota(ix.satevari)
n pommel
=Sverili budeSi Casasmeli n tenon
~mimmarTveli n bare-faced ~
~Sida n free ~
kofo
n box-seat,coach-box,perch
koSkebiani adj tower
koSki(ix.cixe) n tower
~galavanSi
n turret
~garedan midgmuli tower projecting from
the wall
~TavdacviTi n guard tower
~kedelSi saTofurebiT~ with crenelations
~kuTxeebSi ...where the angle of the wall cha
nges
~saTvalTvalo n patrol/wath tower/turret
~sasignalo n signal tower
~Catanebuli budeebiT pigeon tower
~calke mdgomi n keep
~WiSkris orive mxares towers flanking the
gateway
kocna=gadakocna jvaredinad ger oathtaking
koconze dasawvvad boZze mibma v stake
~dawva v burn at the stake,commit to the
flames
~ ~ dakrZalvamde
pyre
koSt(eb)i n lumped together, lump(s)
koconi n fire
~sasignalo n beacon-fire
~sakremacio
cremation ~
=sasjeli
the flames/stake
~saweso
ceremonial(ritual,sacral) fire
kowaxuri(s) n adj berberis=Berberis vulgaris Lat.
koWa n reel, spool
=Zira/Zirasi(mc)
n adj caraway
koWa(si)=janjafili(s) n adj ginger=Zingiber officinale Lat.
koWebi saTamaSo
n
cast(s)
~samarCielo guesswork knuckle bones,
oracle bones
koWi(ix.Zvali) n ankle,bar,beam,girdle,joist
~gadabmis collar beam
~ganiva/mzidi
n cross-bar,tie beam
~ganivi n cross/grating bar
~grZivi n sole beam
~iatakis n floor joist
~ mzidi/mwe n bressumer=breastsummer
~cxovelis n sing/pl Lat. astragalus/ast-
97
ragali
~Weris n beam, girder
koWis gagoreba=mliqvneloba roll the dice
koWisebri adj reel/spool-shaped
koWli adj lame
koWloba v limp
koxinjroba n Ascension Day
koxta(d) adj adv accurate(ly),dainty,elegant,
graceful(ly),neat(ly),refined,slender
~gamoyvanili
sth neatly shaped
kohorta
n cogort
kravi
n lamb
~dakarguli
lost sheep
~RvTis
Lamb of God
kraveli(s)
n adj lambskin
kravs erTad v tie together
krazana foTola(si)(mc) n adj Hypercifolia
Lat.
kramiti(s)(ix.fila)
n adj tile
~brtyeli
flat/plain ~
~ ~ gverdebakecili flat ~ with sides
turned up
~damtvreuli crushed ~
=kalipteri grooved ~
=keramida
~
~ with sides turned up
~kexis bridge(bonnet,crest,ridge) ~
~kvadratuli quadrel
~kidis/kiduri
edge/side ~
~lorfini
flag ~
~naribandiani=narimandiani bent/gutter ~
~sakvamuris
box/flue ~
~saperange
facing ~
~saxuravis
roof(ing) ~
~solisebri/soluri oussoir ~
~Rariani channeled/grooved ~ ,pantile,imbrex/imbricis n sing/pl Lat.
~Sublis frontal ~ ,antefixa/antefixorum Lat
kramitiT daxuruli adj tiled, tile-roofed
kramitis akecili gverdi
n flange
~dasawyobi CarCo=Calangara n rafter
~
~
Zelebi
tile pillars
~lilvaki
tile groove/rim
~qarxana n tillery
~Rumeli
tile kiln
~ sakeci=iRlia=sagduli n leaf
kreba(ix.sesia,sxdoma,mowveva) n convention,meeting
~saeklesio
ecumenical council
~saxalxo n sing/pl Lat. comitium/comitii
krebiTi(ix.nakrebi)
adj summary
krebuli(ix.eklesiis) n collection,corpus/
corpora (n sing/pl Lat.)
~nivTebis
assemblage, set
~himnebis
Gradual, Hymnal
krematoriumi
n cinerator
kremacia
v n
cremate/cremation
kremaciuli
adj cremation
kremli
n sing/pl Lat. arx/arcis
~rusuli
n kremlin
kriala
adj lustrous,polished
kriali v sheen
krialosani
n pl only
beads
krini (xma) n soprano
kripta n sing/pl Lat. crypta/crypte; n Gr.
krypte
kriteriumi(s) n sing/pl Lat. criterion/criteria
~dadgena v n hallmark
~raRacis
n pl only criteria for sty
kroki (fr) (ix.gegma)
n area sketch
kronSteini(germ)=konsoli n bracket,corbel,prop
krZalva/krZalulebav n respect(ful)(ness),
venerate/veneration,reverence (v)
ku n tortoise
~zRvis n turtle
kubi n cube, regular hexahedron
kubisebri(ix.Zvali) adj cubical
kubo n coffin
~gaurandavi
rude-timber ~
kubokruli adj tartan
3
kuburi=kubSi
adj cube (cm )
kudi n tail
kuzi(ani) n adj hump(ed)
kuTvnileba n identity,possession
~ramisadmi
n attribution
kuTvnili(ix.adgili,wili) adj due,own,
rewarding
kuTxe/kuTxis(ix.midgomis,qveynis) n angle,
corner,quoin
~blagvi
obtuce angle
~gadakveTis crossing/intersecting ~
~gamoSverili salient ~
0
~gaSlili flat/straight=180 angle
~daxrili skew angle
~daxrilobis ~ of dip/obliquity,tilt
0
~marTi quadrantal angle=90
~maxvili
acute angle, arris
0
~ 45
mitre angle
~mravalkuTxa polyhedral angle
~swori right/straight ~
~Sveuli vertical ~
~Sida interior/internal angle,quoin(ing)
kuTxeSi mimwyvdeva v ger corner(ing)
kuTxiT ramesTan
adv at angles with…
98
kuTxis(a) adj angle,angular,corner
~gradusi/xarisxi n angle degree
~iaqTaRi corner buttress
~muxli n bend
~sveti corner pillar
~qva n angular stone, quoin
~Ziri
corner bottom
kuTxovana
n angle-iron
kuTxovani
adj angular,corner, squarish
kulinaria
n cookery
kulisebi/kulisebs miRma n backstage
kulminacia n culmination point
kuloni=sakidi n pendant
kulti(s)(ix.xelosnobis)
n adj cult
~gavrceleba
~ spread
~gamosaxuleba
~ image
~dadgena v ordain ~ of…
~saflavis
grave ~
~sikvdilis
~ of death
kultmsaxureba
n pl only cult practices
kultmsaxuri
n priest
kultura n culture
~materialuri material ~
~samzareulos narCenTa Kitchen midden ~
~sulieri intellectual development,spiritual~
kulturam gaZlo v ~ endured long(er)
kulturaSi Semotana v release sth in N ~
kulturis Camoyalibeba v n form(ation)
kulturuli adj cultivated,cultural
~garemo ~ environment/setting
~zRvari cultural interface
~TvalsazrisiT adv in terms of ~ affinities
~memkvidreoba
~ heritage
~mimdinareoba
~ pattern
~naSTebi n pl ~ debris
~wyvetili n
~ break
kululi
n curl, ringlet
kuneli(s) n adj haw(thorn)
~ Savi n adj black haw
kunkuli=kapiSoni n cowl
kunZi
n
log, post
~TavsakveTi/sajalaTo n the block
~fesvebiT
tree stamp
kunZuli
n island
naxevar ~ peninsula
kunwula
n truss
~yurZnis mtevani n bunch
~xilis
swag of fruit
kupidoni n cupid
kupri(s)
n adj tar
~mcenaris(ix.fisi) n adj pitch
kurTxeva=mironcxeba v n bless,sanctify/
sanctification
~eklesiis v n dedicate/dedication
~mefis,mRvdlis v n anoint(ment),ordain,
sacring
~mironis v n consecrate the chrism
~raindad
v ger dub(ing)
~puriT da RviniT bless with bread and
wine
~sakurTxis/ZRvenis v sacring
~wawymendili eklesiis v n reconcile/
reconciliation
~winaswar v pre-sanctify
~wmindanad
v n saint
kurTxeva(d) xeldasma v ordain, sacrifice
kurTxevani n prayer book
kurTxeviT adv give sb‟s blessing to sb/sth
kurTxeuli adj the Blessed
~miwa
blessed soil
~winaswar adj pre-sanctified
kuria
n curia
kurka/kurkis
n stone
kurkovan(eb)i n stone-fruit
kurkuma/kurkumis n adj Curcuma longa
kuwubebiani
adj barbed
kuwubo n
scallop
kuWis(a) n adj stomach(ic)
kuWis Tavi=mzis/faSvis wnuli solar plexus
l
labarumi
n sing/pl Lat. labarum/labari
lagamamodebuli adj bridled
lagami(ix.cxenis) n bitwear/ n v bridle
lavgardani=karnizi n coping,cornise,moulding
~ Taroiani shelved moulding
lavra(ix.eklesia)
n laura
lazieri
n queen
laki(s) n adj laquer, slip, varnish
~minanqruli
enamel slip
ლakiani/ლაკწასმული
adj laquered, slip
lakonikumi n sing/pl Lat. laconicum/laconicumi=laconoci (Lat)
lali(s)=wiTeli iagundi(s) n adj ruby
lamaza(mc.) n adj compion, Lychnis/Silene
spp. Lat.
lamazi adj beautiful,nice,pretty
lamela n sing/pl Lat. lamella/lamellae
lami(s)(ix.dalamva)
n adj silt
lampari n icon(lamp)
lanCa n foot(ing), sole, loculus/loculi (n
sing/pl Lat)
99
ability/faculty of speech,
verbal ability
~niWi
innate eloquence
lapislazuli(s)=lilaqva/qvis n adj lapis-lasuli
laJvardi(s) n adj azure
lari=Toki
n rope, string
=keris mfarveli n sing/pl Lat. lar/laris
lariqsi(s) n adj larch(tree), Larix (Lat)
lartya n cleat, lath, slat
~geodezistis
n batten
lartyiT Sekvra v batten
lartyula n batten,lath
lasti mownuli
n adj wattle
~safeni
pole/stake flooring
latani(s) n adj pole, stake
latifundia n latifundia
laureati n lauriate, prize winner
lafani/lafnis n adj lime bast,bark=Pterocarya pterocarpa Lat.
~xe/xis n adj hasel tree
laqa n v
spot, stain
laqaSi(s)
n adj cattail, reed
laqebiani adj spotted, stained
laRi adj daring,fast,free,majestic,proud
laye
adj bad, rotten
layuCebi n otolith
laSqara(si)=mxalSava=Savbalaxa n adj
comfrey=Symphytum/Officinale gen. Lat.
laSqari
n host
laSqroba v n campaign against,launch,
campaign,expedition,(rout)march(ing)
=salaSqrod mzad ready to take field
laSqrobis Sedegi n upshot of the ~
laWe=sveli adj moist,wet
laxvari
n lance, pike
laxtisTavi=kverTxisTavi n mace head,
standard mount
lebani n bean
~kaklis
n karnel
lebesi n sing/pl Lat. lebes/lebetis
lebnianebi(ix.lobio)
n pl beans
legenda n legend,tale,traditional story
legendaruli adj legendary
legioneri n legionary
legioni n legion
leibi
n bedding
lekverTxi=sakverTuli n garter,gaiter
strap
leli(s)/lelqaSi(s) n adj rush
lenti=babTa
n band, ribbon
lentisebri
adj strapelike
lenturi(ix.Zerwva)
n bandlike
leopardi n leopard
lerwami/lerwmis n adj reed, rush
~safeni n rush,matting
lerwi(mosawnavi)
n rod, with
~vazis n adj tendril
lerwisebri adj tendril-like
lesva=galesva v n hone
leqi(s) n adj sediment
leqsi(ix.metri) n verse
leqsis kiTxva v recite
leqsika n vocabulary
leqsikoni
n dictionary
~naSromis/wignis bolos n glossary
leSi n corpse
~frinvels/cxovelis n carcass
ligatura n ligature, monogram
liditi(s)=iaSma=iaspi(s) n adj jasper
livlivi v play of colors, tint
liTondamuSaveba=meliToneoba n metal
crafts/working
~ganviTarebuli precocious metalworking
liTonze minaduRi n soldering,scum(y)
~amokveTili cut in metal,engraved
~kveTa
metal chasing/engraving
~kupelireba cupellation technique
~nakeri n gap,joint line,junction,ridge
liTonTa Sednoba v conflate(meld/weld)
into each other
liToni(ix.xeze)
n adj
metal
~advildnobadi
soldering ~
~TviTnabadi
native/virgin ~
~Txieri
molten ~
~iSviaTi
rare earth ~
~keTilSobili
precious ~
~minarevebiani
base/impure ~
~ morTuloba n v embosse(ment)
~naprialebi
burnished ~
~naWedi
beaten ~
~ornamentirebuli embossed ~
~uminarevo
non-shrinking ~
~uwrTobi
non-tempered ~
~feradi
non-ferrous ~
~furclovani
sheet-metal
~ Casasxmeli Riobi n opening for…
~Cofura
corroded ~
~Zneldnobadi
refractory ~
liToniT damagreba=CaduReba=Camagreba
v ger
weld(ing) on/into, mend(ing)
~mdidari metalliferrous site
~Raribi
less metal rich
~Cakereba
v cast on, repair
laparakis unari
100
liTonmopoveba v n exploit(ation) of metals
liTonmqandakebloba n metal-chasing
liTonis adj (in) metal
~aRmoCenamde adv Old World, pre-metal
~bzinva(reba) n gloss,metal-burnish/luster
~(gamo)wrToba v ger temper(ing)
~gaxureba
v ger anneal(ing)
~gza n metal road
~gube n stir
~gunda n bloom
~zodi n bar, ingot
~zoli n metal stripe
~kveTa v ger chase(cut,engrave)(ing)
~masa monetaSi n bulk of (gold/silver…)
~mdnobeli n rafter
~miReba madnidan technique of recovering
the metal from ore
~mopoveba v ger obtain(ing) metal(s)
~morTuloba v n embosse(ment)
~moZieba m metaldetecting
~mxatvruli damuSaveba v ger chase(ing)
~nakeri n gap,joint (line),junction,ridge
~naprialebi adj burnished
~nawarmi n pl metalwors
~naWeri n bar, piece
~naxSirbadiT damuSaveba v n cement(ate
~nivTTa tipebi
metal types
~nuJri
n honeycomb
~rgoli n quoit
~sadnobi avzi/tigeli n crucible,melting
pot, pool
~sakerveli n clamp
~samkauli
n torque
~samsxmelo Riobi opening for input of
molten metal
~saZiebeli xelsawyo n metal detector
~furceli n plate,sheet
~furclis gamokvervav hammer into sheet
~fufxi/qerqi n patina,scab
~Reri
n rod
~Semkoba v ger emboss(ing)
~Semcveli adj metalliferrous
~Secxoba v nodulize
~CaduReba
v
weld into
~ Cakereba
v cast on, repair
~Casasxmeli Riobi n opening for input
of molten metal
~wyluli n corrosion, scab
~xveuli=xvia(samkauli) n torque
liTonisebri adj metal-like
liTonsadnobi qarxana n steelworks
~Rumeli
n melting furnace
liTonuri adj
metallic
~bzinvareba metal luster,metallic surface,
silvery sheen
liTonSi/sxmulSi haeris buSti n blister,
bubble
liTonwarmoeba n metal producing/production
lilaqva=lapislazuli(s) n adj lapislasuli
lilvaki=lilvi
n roller
~iaraRze/nivTze
n rib(ing)
~naoTxali n echinus
=sartyeli n sing/pl Lat. fascia/fasciae
=sorsoli n plait,rim,roller
lilvsamkauli n grooved ornament
limani
n liman
limbi n sing/pl Lat. limbus/limbi
linza n lens
linzis formis
adj lentiform,lentoid
lipariti=rioliti(s) n adj rhyolite
lira=ebani=qnari
n lyre
listeli n listel
litavra(berZ)
n kettledrum
litania
n litaneia
literaturuli adj literary
~wyaro
~ source
liturgia(berZ) n liturgia,mass for sb
saRmrTo ~ Communion service
lobio(si)
n adj kidney bean
lodebiT nagebi made up of blocks
lodebis zvavi
n lump
lodi(s)(ix.qva) n adj block,boulder,lump
~gaTlili n adj ashlar
~daumuSavebeli unworked block
=kaWari n adj boulder
lodini v ger
wait(ing)
~xangrZlivi long wait
lolua n icicle
lomi
n lion(ess)
=xelsawyo n scrap iron
lomis bokveri
n cub
~msgavsi adj lionine
lomsaxe
n adj lion-faced
loJa n box
~TeatrSi n pew
~masonTa
n logge
lorfini(ix.kramiti) n flat tile/stone,flagging stone
losi n elk
loya=Rawvi n cheek
locva(ix.safeni) v ger n pray(er)(ing),devotions
101
~vinmesTvis
mass for sb
~mwuxris Evening Prayer,for ever,vespers,
vigil(s)
~samadlobeli thanksgiving service
~sauflo
the Lord‟s prayer
~ciskris
matins
~Wamis win/mere
benediction
locvani n the Prayer Book
locvaSi garTuli
adj discrete
~RamisTeva virgil(s)
locvis aRvlena v offer up a prayer
~Catareba v conduct a prayer
lpoba(di) v adj decay, rot(ing)
ltolva v n aspire/aspiration
ltolvili n adj refugee
luTerani/luTeranuli n adj Lutheran
lula
n barrel, muzzle
lursmani/lursmnis n adj nail
~Tixis clay nail
~konusuri cone peg
~farTeTaviani
n stud, tingle
=Wikarti n tack
~xis n (wooden)peg; peg figurine=nail
lursmnebiT moWedva
v ger stud(ing)
lursmuli adj cuneiform,wedge-shaped
~asoebi cuneiform characters
~wera
write in ~ script
luskuma
n shrine
luwi ricxvi n regular number
lRoba=dnoba v ger melt(ing)
lRobadi=dnobadi adj fusible
lRobis wertili
n melting point
lxini
n banquit,feast; sing/pl Lat. symposium/symposii
~tualetis n dressing ~
magistrosi
n magistros
magiuri
adj magic(al)
~Tviseba/unari magical preoperty(ies)
magnituri veli n confining field
madani/madneuli(ix.wiaRiseuli) n ore
~gamdidrebuli
dressed ~
~damtvreuli drag ~
~TviTnabadi embryonic/pure ~
~miwis zedapirze conspicuous/exposed ~
~mongreuli freed ~
~SiSveli outcrop
~Cawolili embede(d) ~
~ZarRvis matrix
madli n blessing,good deed,grace
madliani(ix.qveynis) adj abundant,benefitial,
vitrous
madnidan miReba/gamowurva v n ger extract(ion),refine/recover(ing) metal from
the ore,smelt(ing)
madniT mdidari qanebi extensive deposits
madnis gamdidreba v recover metal from the
ore
~gamosavlianoba extraction(al) level,output
~
~ dabali
poor ~ ~
~
~ maRali
high ~ ~
~
~ saSualo medium ~ ~
~damuSaveba v n exploit(ation)
~ ~ cikluri v ger (re)cycling stripping
~zedapiruli/Ria ~ surface stripping
~TviTnabadi naWeri n post
~maragi
n deposit
~mongreva v shatter the ore
~mopoveba v ger n mine(ing),output, work
over mines
~ ~
maRaroSi v ger mine(ing)
~ ~ Ria wesiT surface stripping
~ ~ maRaroSi v ger mine(ing) by gallery
~ ~ SaxtSi v ger ~ by vertical shaft
~natexi n squat
~recxva v wash(ing) ores
~Semcveli adj ore-bearing
~ZarRvi
n vein
~ ~
SiSveli
outcropping ~
~xeliT akrefa v n benefication=hand pick
ing
mavedrebeli n adj interceding
mavzoleumi n sing/pl Lat. mausoleum/mausolea
mavTuli(s)
n adj wire
~grexili stranded ~
~msxvili
heavy-gauge ~
m
magaliTze adv on the pattern,after the
example
magaliTi n example,instance,sample
~naTeli
striking example
~nacnobi familiar sample
~wina
the foregoing ~ ~
magaliTis damowmeba v refer to...,testify
with…
~moyvana/moSvelieba v cite example(s)
magari adj firm,hard,rebust,solid,strong,stout,sturdy,substantial,tough
magaroni=megaroni n hall-porch burial,magaron=megaron
magia
n magic
~Savi wizard(ry)
magida n table
102
mavne adj penocious
mavritaneli/mavritanuli adj Moorish
mazdeani n fire-worshipper
mazdeanoba n fire-worshipping
maTraxi n v switch, whip
=faraoni n scourge
maiolika/maiolikis n adj maiolica=majolica
maisi(ix.vardobisa,mariali) n May
makebria(si)=cxeniskbila n adj pigeon‟s
milk
maketi
n mode(l)
makratela SeerTeba n dovetailing
makrateli n pl usu scissors
~baRis
n bill
~zambariani n pl usu scissors with spring
~samedicino/cxvris saparsi n pl usu.
shares
mala(ix.Zvali) n sing/pl Lat. vertebra/vertebrae
~kisris
neck ~ ; neck bone
~mkerdis chest ~
~nagebobis n bay, range
~welis n lumbar vertebra
~xidis n span
malamo(si)=salbuni(s) n adj ointment,unguent
~wasma v rub on
malaqiti(s) n adj malachite
~lurji n adj azurite
male adv presently,rapidly,soon,shortly after
malamsrboli/Sikriki n courier
malfuWadi adj perishable(s)
mama(o)(ix.eris) n father
Rirsi ~ venerable Father
mamakaci n adj male,man
mamakacis welze Semosaxvevi sasqeso organos damcavi n jock-strap
mamamTavari n forefather,founder
mamamZuZe n foster father, tropeios (Gr)
mama-papeuli n ancestral property
mamasaxlisi(ix.eklesiis) n head,official,
senior man
~soflis n village headman
mamaRmerTi n God the Father,the Lord god
Pantocrator
mamaci
adj valorous
mamacoba n prowess
mamebi=winaprebi(ix,eklesiis) n pl ancestors,ancestry,forefathers
mamis=mamris xazi n male(paternal/patronal) line
~saxeli patronymic name
mamiseuli n adj paternal
mamoba/mamobrivi v father(ed)
mamoZravebeli n adj driver of sth,mover(s),
become a vehicle for sth
mamri n adj male
mamris=meomris Tviseba masculine=warlike
quality
mamruli=(mama)kacuri n maleness
mamuli(ix.eklesiis)
n estate,seat
~ijariT
n holding
~samemkvidreo
n patrimony
=samSoblo n home country
~feodalis sasaxlianad n manor
mamuliSvili n eminent/time honoured
person
manaTobeli n adj luminous
=mnaTobi n heavenly body
manana(ix.nami)
n adj heather,manna
mananis buCqnari n adj moorland
mandili
n scarf
mandilioni=tilo iesos saxis anabeWdiT n Mandylion Gr.
manevruloba
n maneuverability, mobility
manera(ix.poza,Sesrulebis,xerxi) n manner
~damzadebis
manner of manufacture
~damuSavebis
method of treatment
~dauxvewavi careless(crude,cursory,immature,offhand,rough,unkempt)manner
~daxvewili accurate(accomplished,delicate,
elaborate,expressive,neat,sophisticsted) manner
~Cveulebrivi (in)general manner
maneriT adv in fashion/manner
maniSnebeli adj hinting/pointing to sth,indicative factor for sth,foreshadow/signaling sth
~niSani n indication,hallmark,hint/point to
mansarda n attic
~sacxovrebeli loft conversion
mantia n cloack
manZilze adv at(the) length of… within
(certain) distance
manZili n distance,flight,passage
~Tanabari sth at regular intervals,equidistant
~mokle short distance,shortline between…
~Sori long distance
manWvali n kingpin,stud,tack
manWkvala(si) n adj armillariella mellea Lat.
~ cru
n adj hypholoma sublateritium Lat
maoxari n waster
103
maJalo(si)
n adj crab, white apple
maragi(s) n adj fund,stock,storage,store,supply of sth
~bevri plenty(ful) supply
~gamoleva v (be) out of stock
~Sevseba v stock,supply
~Sesanaxi n storage facilities,storeroom
maradi(uli)(ix.cxovreba) adj eternal,everlasting,forever.timeless,timelife
maradisoba n perpetuity,timelessness
maradiulad adv timelessly
maradiuloba n eternity, timelessness
maradmwvane adj evergreen
marani(ix.WurWeli) n press-room,winecellar
marao(sebri)(ix.sarkmeli) n adj fan(like)
margaliti(s)(ix.sadafi) n adj pearl
~oboli n adj
pearl of orient
~erTi brtyeli gverdiT n adj tympanium
margvla v ger hoe,uproot,weed (ing)
margili(s)
n adj picket, stake
~samijne n landmark
~Casma
v mark out
mardi adj pernicious
mareki
n beater
marTali adj honest,just,tighteous,true,
trustful
marTebs=davalebulia=unda v owes
marTebuli adj appropriate, relevant
marTebuloba n on the relevance,relevancy
marTva(ix.mmarTveloba,saxelmwifosi) v
n administer/administration,come to controll,control,direct,drive system,helm,
hold,lead,manage(ment),marshal into
labour force,manage, run
~mkacrad rule gravely/severely
~msubuqad rule with right hand
marTvis saWe/berketebi n paraphernalia
~xelovneba n state craft
marTkuTxa adj rectangular,right angled
marTkuTxedi n rectangle
~mogrZo n squarish
marTlmadidebeli n adj orthodox,catholicus(a)(um) (sing/pl Gr)
marTlmadidebloba n Orthodoxy
marTlmadidebluri adj orthodox,catholice
(Gr)
mariali(sa)(ix.maisi,vardobisa) n May,
June
mariamobisa(ix.agvisto,axalwlisani,qvel
Tobisa) n August
mariamsakmeli/sakmlisa(ix.tegani) n adj
rue, Ruta Lat.
marili(s)(ix.eSxi)
n adj salt
marmarilo(si)
n adj marble
marmarilosebri=marmarisebri adj marbled,marble-like
martvili n adj
martyr
martviloba n martyrdom, torment (life)
marti(ix.igrika,mirkani)
n March
martivad
adv simply
~nakveTi/naZerwi
~ moulded
martivi adj artless,plain,rudimentary,simple,
unsophisticated
martiriumi n sing/pl Lat. martyrium/martyrii
marto adv alone,isolated,lonely,singly,solely
martoobaSi adv in privacy, loneless
martoxela adj single
martuReli
n (horse)collar
marula
n horse-race
maryuJi
n knot, loop
marSruti/samarSruto n adj rout
marCieli
n fortune-teller
marCieloba v n divine(ation),fortune telling,
tell fortune,guesswork
marcvali n bean,corn,grain,seed
marcvleuli/marcvlovnebi n adj Poaceae,
poaceous cereal crops
~umTavresi principal crops
~wamyvani
staple crops/cereals
marcvleulis ganiaveba(ix.qvis) v ger winnow(ing)
~moyvana v n cultivate,cultivation
~ormo n granary,grain,pit,storage pit
~sasresi n quern,wheat stone
~saSrobi n barn, hopper
~Sroba
ger corn-drying
~wyaro
source of grain
~jiSi
strain of crops/grain
marcxena
adj left
marcxi n v defeat, fizzle out
marcxnidan marjvniv adv left to right
marcxniv adv at/on the left,left-hand/wards
marwuxi n pl usu pincers,tongs
marwyva balaxi(s) n adj Potentilla recta
Hampe
marwyvi(s) n adj strawberry
~mindvris n adj wild ~
marxva/marxuloba(ix.didmarxva,saSobao)
v ger fast(ing)
~samdRiani
ember fast,season,tide week
marxvis gatexa v break a fast=breakfast
~wina dRe
1st day before fast
104
marxili n sledge, sligh
~cxenSebmuli horse sligh(rides)
marjani/marjnis
n adj coral
marjve
adj convenient,proper
marjvena adj right
marjveni
n spear
marjvnidan marcxniv adv right to left
marjvniv adv at/on the left,right-hand
masa n mass
~gamagrebuli concreted/hardened ~
~gaciebuli
hardened/rigid ~
~liTonisa monetaSi bulk of…
~miniseburi
glaze ~
~moqnili
plastic ~
~mWidi
cementing ~ ; tough
~sagozavi putty
~Secxobili clinker
~ZiriTadi bulk of sth
masazrdoebeli
adj life-giving
masala n artifact=artifact,evidence,fabric,find,
material
~anakrefi/zedapiruli surface/top finds,
material collected on the surface,surface
material
~arqeologiuri archaeological material/
record
~auarebeli flood of evidence/documentary
~aRmoCenili/nivTieri artefactual evidence
~bevri
sth found in profussion in…
~gamZle adj durble
~ver ~ adj perishable
~zRva wealth of evidence/information
~TariRis damadasturebeli examples/
finds providing confirmation of date
~keramikuli ceramic evidence
~maRali xarisxis high value material
~meti
far more material
~minisebri vitreous ~
~momdinare saidanme material coming/deriving from N place(burial,settlement
~moqnili plastic material
~mravalferovani (far) wider rang of material(s)
~mcire patchy evidence
~mwiri/uRimRamo meager/scanty material(s),
scantiness of finds
~mWidi/Semkvreli bind(bond,cement,connect(ing) material
~nedli raw material
~nivTieri artefacts=artifcts,pieces,things
~ramis gasakeTeblad material(s)
~romelime Zeglis body of finds
~romelic qreba perishable material
~ ~
~ advilad material (so) subject to decay
~romlis damuSavebac SeiZleba workable
~samuzeumo
staff for museum
~samSeneblo building/generic material
~ sacavSi daculi safe kept
~sicarielis Semavsebeli space-filling ~
~udreki
rigid ~
~uCveulo/ucxo alien ~
~Semavsebeli n fill(s)
~Semkvreli agglutinative/binding material,
matrix
~Sesabamisi appropriate/respective fabric/
material
~Sesaswavli
study material
~Wilofis matting material
~Wreli patchy evidence
masalebi n pl contents of, materials
~konferenciis/simpoziumis proceedings of…
masaliT adv of (in,with)(certain,proper) material
masalis agebuleba/Semadgenloba n fabric,
ingredients, texture
~agebuleba/Semadgenloba n texture,ingredient(s)
~gamZleoba n durability/survival of material
~dalageba v n arrange(ment )(of) the ~
~Tavisebureba(ni) n particularity(ies)of ~
~katalogi n handlist
~mixedviT (designate) in terms of excavated
material
~simdidre/siuxve panoply of (grave) goods
~simravle/wyeba strands of evidence
~simcire patchiness/scrapes of evidence
~raodenoba n amount(body,bulk,quantity)
of finds
~simravle strands of evidence
masivi n mass
=teritoria
n massif
masiurad adv massively
masiuri adj mass(ive)(process),prominent
=ara fuye
adj solid
~gatana/Semotana v export/import of sth
massive scale
~nawarmi mass production items/pieces
~raodenobiT(formiT/woniT)adv massive
~warmoeba v mass produced/production,masive process of mastering sth eg.
iron-making
~warmoebis adj mass produced works
105
masiuroba n solidity
maskarone n mascherone Ital.
masobrivi adj massive
~warmoeba mass production
~xasiaTi(s)
~ character
maspinZeli(kaci/qali)
n host(ess)
maspinZloba v host, be a host
uxvi ~ lavish entertainment
masra n plug, socket, staff
masriseburi adj
plug-shaped
mastaba n mastaba
masStabi n scale
~didi
grand/large ~
~mcire micro/small ~
~farTo grand ~
masStaburoba n sth of large dimention(extensiveness,rang,scale)
maswavlebeli/ostati n master,teacher,
preceptor
matarebeli
n bearer
~niSnebis bearer of clear features/signs
=transporti n train
mateba v n access(ion),add(ing),augment(ation),enlarge(ment),exceed,growth,heighten
increase,promote,raise
matebs
v adds
materialur-teqnikuri adj logistic(al)
~uzrunvelyofa sth logistically provided
materialurad adv materially
~aRWurvili
~ equipped
materialuri adj material
~aRWurviloba
~ equipment(s)
~gamoxatuleba tangible expression
~kultura
material culture
~narCenebi
tangible remains
~naSTebi
material relics
~simdidre
~
wealth
materiki=kontinenti(kunZulisTvis) n
mainland
matiane
n pl
annals, chronicles
~ 1 wlis
n sing annal, chronicle
matitela(si)n adj Lat. Polygonum aviculre
matli n
(earth) worm
~kvercxi
n larva
matrica
n sing/pl Lat. matrix/matrices
matulobs v exeeds,extends,increases
matyli(s) n adj fleece, wool(en)
~momcemi adj wool-bearing
~CeCva ger carding
matyuara adj deceptive, false, lier
mauwyebeli n forerunner,foreshadow,harbinger,messenger,precursor
~krizisis n indication/indicator of crisis
maqmani(s) n adj v tat
maqo n lock-stitch, shuttle
maRalganviTarebuli adj sth of high quality,highly developed/sophisticated
maRalzurgiani adj high-backed
maRali adj elevant,high,tall
~done high level
~sinji
high grade
~sfero(sazogadoebis)the high/upper crust
~Rirebuleba high price/value
maRalkeTilSobileba(v) (your)Excellency
maRalmTiani adj Alpine, highlands
maRalmxatvruli adj highly artistic
maRalmxatvruloba n high artistry
maRaluwmindesoba(v) (your) Eminence/Grace
maRalfardovani adj high flown
maRalfexiani adj
~ pedestalled
maRalyeliani adj straight necked
maRaro(s)(ix,Saxti) n adit, gallery,mine
~gasafarToebeli xelsawyo n reamer
~derefani gallery
~Ria open pit mine
maRaroeli=memeRaroe(ix.meSaxte) n miner
=mngreveli n coal/ore-hewer,getter
maRlari=babilo=talaveri n arbor,avenenue of high trunk vine trees;pergelle/
pergellato (Ital)
maRlivi adj highrise building/structure,tower
block
maRlobebze n/pl adv on heights(of N areas)
maRlobi
n height,hill, rise
mayali n brazier(for Georgian barbecue)
mayvali/mayvlis(ix.Jolo,ZaRlmayvala) n
adj blackberry
maSa=sakece n poker,tongs
~samedicino
n pl tweezers
maSin
adv then
maSindeli adv (the) then, up-to-then
~donis zeviT above the then level
~ ~
qveviT below ~ ~ ~
maCvenebeli n indication/indicator of sth,
marking pointer of sth
~maRali donis sth display(ing) high level
~mimarTuli adj indicator pointing…
~naSromis bolos n sing/pl Lat. index/
indices
~niSani n indicator
~ramis indicative(medium/suggestive) of sth
~rogorc as an indiction of sth
~xiluli conspicuous indicator of sth
maCvi n badger
106
macdunebeli adj seductive, tempting
macduneblad adv seductively
macdurad adv deceitfully
macduri n adj d(a)emon(s),deceitful
macne(ix.mauwyebeli) n inquirer
= samecn.gamocema bulletin
macocxlebeli adj life-giving
macxovari n Christ the Saviour
macxovrebeli n habitant,resident, settler
macxovris kari Saviour‟s Gate
~saxe tiloze gadasuli=mandilioni
n Mandylion Gr.
mawoni/mawvnis n adj Caucasian/sour milk
maWankali(kaci) n procurer
~qali n match-maker
maWankloba v n procure(ment)
maWari/maWris
n adj mustum=new wine
maxaTi n bodkin
maxarebeli n Annunciator, evangelist
maxarobeli n messenger of good news
maxasiaTebeli adj n characteristic, feature
ZiriTadi ~ essential feature
maxe=xaro
n v trap
maxvilgonivruli adj witty
maxvilTaRiani adj vaulted
maxvili(ix.satevari)
adj pointed,sharp
~goneba acute, subtle
~Tvali eagle-eye(d),keen-sight(ed)
=iaraRi n sword
~bolokveTili ~ with cut-away end
~kreta-mikenuri Creta-Mycenae ~
~ mokle
bill, short sword
~muxliani cranked ~
~namglisebri sickle-like ~
~orlesuli/orfxiani double-bladed ~
~saorxelo ~ held in both hands/used
with both hands
~saCxvleti
sharp ~
~saZgerebeli stubbing/thrusting ~
~calfxiani
single-bladed ~
~xmlisebri
saber
maxvilis dasma vn emphasis(e),make points
maxvilwiboiani adj planed
maxlobeli adj near
maxrCobela(si)(mcen) n adj tussock-grass,
Aira caespitosa Lat.
maja/majis(ix.abjari) n adj wrist
mahmadiani n adj Mohammedan,Saracen
mahmadianoba
n Mohammedanism
mbzinavi adj bright, glossy
mboba=Txroba v n narrate(ion),recount,(re)
tell
~dawvrilebiT n v recount
mbJutavi adj smoulder(ing)=smolder(ing)
mbrunavi(ix.wre) adj revolving, rotating,
turning
mbrZanebeli n master/mistress
mgalobeli
n chorister
~Citi n song bird
mgel-ZaRla n wolf-hound,dog wolf=wolf
dog
mgzavri n passenger, treveller
mgzavroba v n journey,track,travel, trip
= gza n passage, trip
mgzavrobisas adv in rout (Fr)
mgznebare
adj vehement
mglad qceva(miTiuri)adamianisa n lycanthropy
mdabio(ri) n adj baseblood,low-class, a
person of humble position,peasant,
plebeian
~warmomavlobis a person from a humble
position
mdabiorni(ix.eri) n pl the common people,people of humble birth,mob,plebs/
plebes (Lat)
mdare
adj low grade,shoddy sort
~xarisxis sty of low/poor(er) quality,low
grade, shoddy sort
mdaRveli=Wdis damsmeli n marker
mdgomareoba n arrangement,circumstances,
conditions,position,state,status
~gabatonebuli n principality
~gamouvali n quagmire
~mdgradi adj firm
~myari n foothold
~sazogadoebrivi be lower/higher in society
~ ~ maRali n eminence
~saomari
martial law
~socialuri social identity, ststus
~cudi sth (is) in disrepair
mdgomi(ix.Tavisuflad,calke) adj standing
mdgradi adj conservative,persistent,stable
~moxazuloba/forma rigid outline/form
~pirobebi stable conditions
~safuZveli firm(er) ground
mdgradoba n persistence,stability
mdebare adj located,lying, situated
~mTis ZirSi adj submontane
mdebareoba n disposal,locality,(on the) location,position,setting,sircumstance,site
~gabatonebuli commanding position/view
~geografiuli geographic position
107
~zusti precise location
mdabareobs v lies, is located/situated,stretches,extends,stands
mdedri=dedakaci n adj female
~merZeuli lactating ~
mdedris xazi
~ line
mdedruli(Sdr.mamruli) Tviseba love quality
~sawyisi ~ origin
mdelo n grassland/plot,lawn,meadow
mdidari adj ample,opulent,replete with sth,
rich in sth,superb, wealthy
~mecn.memkvidreoba ample scientific heritage
~wyaroebiT adj rich in sources
mdidrulad adv abundantly,elaborately,lavis
hly,exuberantly,richly superbly,sumptously
mdidruli adj abundant,elaborate,exuberant,
affluent,fashionable,imposing,lavish,luxurious,sumptuous,superb
mdivani n scribe,scriptor,secretary
~piradi
private secretary
~swavluli
secretary
mdinare n river
~arasanaosno adj non-shipping,useless for
transport
~daklaknili
meandering ~
~erTvis mdinares ~ flows into together,
confluent ~
~ ~
zRvas
~ flows into the sea
~Tavad Wris kalapots ~ etches the way
~kveTs qeds/xeobas ~ cuts through
~mdore
soft/still flowing ~
~mTis
mountain stream
~miedineba/moedineba ~flows/sprangs forth
~saTaves iRebs v ~ rise(s)
~sanaosno adj navigable/waterway ~
~swrafi adj fast-flowing ~
~wyaluxvi a ~ with great deep/volume
mdinareze adv on the river
mdinaris
adj fluvial, river‟s
~auzi=qvabuli(ix.zRvis) n basin,watersh
ed
~gadalaxva v cross
~gadaketva/damorCileba v dam,straddle
~gadavla kalapotidan burst the banks,
overflow
~ganStoeba
n remification
~gza n waterway
~dablobi
n floodplain, valley
~debiti
n affluent
~dinebis sapirispirod adv upstream
~zemo dineba/weli=dinebaze n adv ~
~zemoqmedebiT adv through ~ action
~kalapoti
n bed
~
~
damSrali
dry bed
~
~
Zveli
old
~ kaSxali/jebiri n weir
~toti
n arm
~muxli
n reach
~napiri
n bank, riverside
~ ~ cicabo n pl bluffs
~napiris daxriloba steepness of the ~
~piri/pira, napirebi n riverine area(s)
~riye
n daw bank of the ~
~ riyis qva(ix.qva) n adj riverine stone
~saTave
n ~ head, upper reaches
~sanapiro n riverside
~foni n
ford
~qvemo dineba/weli n down/lower stream
~SeerTebis adgili mouth of confluence
~
~
~ zRvasTan n estuary,mouth
~Senakadi n tributary
~SesarTavi=wyalSesayari n cofluence
~Suaweli/welze n adv middle area/reaches
~Casma kalapotSi v n encase(ment)
~xeoba
n gorge
jebiri ~ gaswvriv n embankment
~ ~
~ Camketi n dam,dike-dyke,weir
mdored adv smoothly
mdumare(d) adj adv silent(ly)
mdumareba n silence
~gardamavali periodis passing nod
meabreSumeoba n silkworm husbandry
meabjre n armourer
meandri n sing/pl meander
~talRuri
vawy ~
~xazovani
liniar ~
mebaduri
n seiner
mebalzame n embalmer
mebaJe
n tax collector
mebaReoba n arboriculture
mebostne n market gardener
mebotneoba n market-gardening
mebrZoli n adj fighter,fighting,militant,warrior
megaroni n sing/pl megaron/megara Lat.
megzuri
n guide
=wigni
~ book=(K.Baedeker) (Germ)
megobari n friend
~uaxloesi n bosom friend
medaviTne n reader, sacristan, sexton
medaviTneoba n dogmatism
medali n medal
108
medalioni n locket, medallion
medasavleTeoba=evropisken mimarTuli
n Occidentalism
medegi(ix.gamZle) adj persistant,stable,steadfast
medegoba n resistance, stability
medlis moWra v strike
meetle n coachman
~meomari n charioteer, chariot-warrior
~raindoba n chariot-knighthood
meetleoba n chariotry
~xeloba n carriagecraft
mevaxSe
n money-lender,argentarius
mevenaxe n vinedresser/grower
mevenaxeoba n vine-growing, viniculture
mezarafxane=zarafi n coiner
mezobeli n adj neighbor(ing)
~axlo
immediate neighbor
~kuTxe adjoining region
~teritoriebi surrounding regions
~qveynebi countries adjoining one another
~Zegli nearby site
mezoblad
adv adjacently,in the direct vicinity,in neighbourhood/proximity,nearby,
side by side,thereabouts of…
mezobloba n adjacency,neighbourhood,proximity
mezoblobaSi adv (in) thereabouts of…
mezoblurad adv neighbourly
mezokranuli adj mesocranium
mezRvauri(ix.zRvaosani) n sailor, seafarer
meTauri(ix.fexosanTa) n head, leader
meTauroba v n head/helm at,leadership,primacy
meTaurobiT adv headed by sb
meTesleoba
n
seed-growing
meTvalyure(ix.muzeumi) n inspector,spectator,supervisor,monitor
meTvalyureoba v n ger control,inspect(ation)(orate),monitori(ing),supervise(ion),
watch(ing)
meTodi(ix.xerxi) n method, way of…
meTodis SemuSaveba v n define/evolve a
method,define a method,definition of a
method
meTodologia(ze)(Si) n (on/in) methodology
meTuluxCe n water-carrier
meTune=keramikosi(ix.sameTuneo) n ceramist,potter
meTuneTa ubani n the Potteries
meTunis damRa
n potter‟s mark
~morgvi=Carxi n potter‟s wheel
n pottery making/
production,pottering
meTuneobamdeli adj aceramic,pre-pottery
mekavSire n orderly
mekasre
n cooper
mekerme
n money-changer
mekubove n coffin-maker, undertaker
mela(mamri/mdedri) n fox/vixen
mura ~ red fox
melani/melnis
n adj ink
~romelic ar iSleba/qreba indelible ~
meliTone
n metalsmith/worker
meliToneoba(ix.metalurgia) n metalsmithary/working,metallurgy
~mxatvruli artistic metalwork
~feradi non-ferrous metallurgy
~Savi
ferrous
~
melodia/melodiuri
n adj tune(ful)
melqiori(s) n/adj cupro-nickel, German
silver
memadne(oba)(ix.madani) n miner, mine(ing)
memamule=miwaTmflobeli n landowner,
landlord/lady
memamulisa adj manorial
mematiane n annalist, chronicler
memindvre-mesaqonle n agropastorialist
~measaqonleoba n agropastoralism
~miwaTmoqmedi n agriculturalist,farmer
memindvreoba=miwaTmoqmedeba n agriculture,
farming
memindvria(cxoveli)
n Microtina
memkvidre(kaci/qali)(ix.samemkvidreo) n
heir(ess),inheritor/inheritress,offspring,successor
~pirdapiri=uSualo immediate ~
=saqmis gamgrZelebeli n successor
~taxtis crown prince(ss),Prince(ss) Royal,crown hereditary prince(ss)
memkvidreebis daxocva bavSvobaSi v n dispatch=despatch
memkvidreoba n heredity,heritage,inheritance
heritance,legacy of sth,asset
~kulturuli
cultural heritage
~mdidari
ample
~
~samSeneblo
building ~
~sulieri
intellectual ~
~taxtis
n succession to the throne
memkvidreobaze pretenzia make claims on
the legacy of sb
memkvidreobiT miReba v adj n inhere in,
inherited,heritage(v),hereditably,hereditarity,heritably,inherent,ancestral
meTuneoba(ix.sameTuneo)
109
~gadacemagadacema v n transmit,transmission
~datovebis sabuTi n deed
~miReba v heritance
memkvidreobiTi adj hereditary
~Tviseba ~
feature
~mtroba n feud
memkvidreobiToba n (dynastic) succession,
heredity, survivance
memkvidreobisa n adj descent
memkvidreobis wesi rule of succession
memozaike n mosaic maker
memoriali n memorial (to)
memorialuri adj (co)memorial,memento of…
~nivTebi n pl usu memorabilia of…
memuarebi n pl memoirs
menaxire n herdsman
menaxSire n charcoal-burner
menji(ix.Zvali) n femour;pelvis/pelves Lat.
meoTxedi(ix.ukana) num n quarter
meoTxeuli adj quarternary
meomari/molaSqre n combatant,military,soldier,warrior
~daqiravebuli mercenary
~meetle
charioteer
~fexosani=qveiTi soldier on foot,infantryman
~cxenosani
cavalry soldier
~xalxi
warlike people
meomruli/meomruloba adj n militancy,
worlike
meoradi(ix.dakrZalva) adj second hand,
secondary
~gamoyeneba
secondary use
meordeba v re-appears,repeatedly re-occurs,
is repeated,retroacts
meore num adj the second,secondly
~naxevari
the latter, second part
oridan ~ adj the latter
=sxva
pron. another
~xarisxovani
adj secondary
meored adv for the second time, secondly
~misvla
second coming
~ gamoyeneba(ix.meoradi) second(ary)(arily) use(d)
meores mxriv adv secondly,on the other hand
meorexarisxovani adj collateral,minor,secondary
meocnebe n adj visionary
meox meyav!
Patronimize me!
meoxeba v n encourage(ment),patronize/patronage,support
meoxebiT
adv under/with patronage of sb
meoxi n patron,protector
mepatrone n owner
mereme n horse-breeder/herd
meriqife
n cup-bearer
merqani/merqnis
n adj timber,wood,woodpulp
~rbilobi(s) n adj pith
merqnisebri adj hard
meryevi adj fluctuating,oscilating,varying
meryeoba v rang from…to; vary (greatly)
meryeobs... v average between…
merZeuli adj lactating
merxi=grZeli skami n bench
~gverdiTi n side bench
mesakuTre n man of property,proprietor,owner
wvrili ~ petty proprietor
mesakuTrulad/mesakuTruli gonebiT
adv entrepreneurially-minded
mesameuli adj tertiary
mesaflave n grave-digger, interrer
mesaqonle=mecxovele n breeder,cattleman/
farmer,pastorlist,stock breeder
mesaqonleoba(ix.mecxoveleoba) n cattlebreeding,stock breeding/rising economy,
animal husbandry,herding
v raise lifestock
mesaydre(ix.Tanamesaydre) n successor
mesawole n chamberlain
mesaWe n the person at the helm
mesaWurvle(ix.saWurveli,xelosani) n
armourer,gunsmith
meseri=Robe n fence,parapet.stokade,double palisade=pailing,timber
mesvete n the Devout, pillarist, Stylite
mesia bibl. n Messiah
mestvire n piper
metalurgia(ix.meliToneoba) n metellurgy
metalurgiaSi daostatebuli sb‟s great
familiarity with ~
metalurgiuli adj metallurgical
~saqmianoba
~ activity
meteori n shooting star
meti adv (far) more, N times as many as sth
~da ~ increasingly, more and more
~da mravalferovani (far) more and
wider range of sth
metismetad adv badly,enormously,excessively,heavily,highly,lavishly,strongly,too,utterly,very
~gamartiveba v n oversimplify/simplification
~mniSvnelovani sth highly significant for…
110
metismeti adj excessive,lavish,over…
metnaklebad/naklebi adv adj mor or less
metobiT adv sth in excess of eg. 200
metopi n metope; metopa/metopae (sing/pl
Lat)
metopuri adj metopic
metoqe(oba) n rival(ry)
metri n meter
=adamiani n master
~leqsis
n metre
metruli adj metric
metropolia n centre of empire, mother
country
metsaxeli(s) n v nickname
~Serqmeva v dub
metyeve n forester
metyveleba v speak
metyvelebis unari n faculty of speech,oral/verbal ability
metyveli adj (the most) telling,impressive
~dasturi/sabuTi telling evidence
~magaliTi
~
example
metyvelebs v speaks
Tavad ~
~ for itself
~sasargrblod
in respect of sth
meudabnoe(ix.udabno)
n anchorite,hermit
meurve(oba) n v custodian,custody,guard
(ian)(ship),tutor(ship),ward(ship)
meurne n farmer
meurneoba n economic life,economy,farm
~naturaluri kind-economy
~saaxoe slash-and-barn=swidden cultivation
meufe(ix.tyis) n Heavenly King, Lord
=adamiani
n master/mistress
=mRvdeli n (arch)bishop,metropolitan,reverend sb
meuRle=Tanamecxedre=qmari/coli n
yoke-mate
~mefis kacis n queen
~ ~ qalis prince consort
mefe(ix.qveSevrdomi) n king
~brwyinvale/mnaTobi the Resplendent
~gadamdgari adj abdicated king
~gaugebarigaurkveveli obscure ~
~gvariT/STamomavlobiT patronymic ~
~dakarguli/Cakarguli slot kings into lacuna of records
~damkanonebeli/kanonmdebeli validating ~
~damokidebuli adj subject(ed) ~
~daumorCilebeli unsubdued ~
~didi Great King
~momdevno(ebi) subsequaent king(s)
=monarqi n monarch
~moqmedi reigning ~
~mjdomi...residing king
~pativmoyvare/trabaxa vainglorious ~
~sulieri adj spiritual ~
~susti/uunaro impotent ~
~yofili n
viceroy
~cru adj
false/moking king
~wminda da xelSeuvali
sacrosanct
mefed kurTxeva v n ger anoint(ment),
crown(ing)
mefeTa rigi series of kings
mefeTmefe n King of Kings
mefis nacvali(ix.qvrivi) n viceroy
~gadadgoma v n abdicate/abdication (in favour of sb)
~dasma v n install(ment)(of) a king
~meurve
lord protector
~mier taxtis memkvidreobiT miReba v
succeed to the throne
~mironcxeba/kurTxeva
ger sacring
~taxtis miReba sb assume(s)(d) the title of~
~Camogdeba v n dethrone(ment),overthrow
~Zlierebis xana (in the) plentitude of king‟s
power
mefisa=dedoflisa=samefo adj royal
mefiswuli=ufliswuli=batoniSvili n
inante/infanta, prince(ss)
mefoba v n hold scepter,king,reign,royalty
=batonoba n kingship
~erTi vadiT one-reign monarch
~ewera/uweria be bound to king…
=skiptris pyroba wielde the sceptre
~xangrZlivi/xanmokle long/short-reigning
king/monarch
mefobis dros/xana n (during) the reign/royalty
~simbolo n crown (is emblematic of royalty)
~weli n regnal year of sb
~xelT aReba v take over kingship
mefobisas adv under (series of) king(s)
mefobisTvis ganwiruli be bound to king…
mefrinveleoba n poultry husbandry
mefsalmune n psalm reader, sexton
mefuri adj kingly, regal, royal
mefutkre n honey-farmer
mefutkreoba n apiculture, bee-culture
~tyis wild-honey farming
meqalamne n bast-shoe maker
meqanikuri adj power-driven/press
meqnare
n harpist
meqsele=mqsoveli n weaver
111
meqrTameoba n bribary
meRvine
n wine-grower
meRvineTuxucesi n butler, cellarer
meRvineoba(ix.vaWari) n wine-making
meyvseulad adv all of a sudden, suddenly
meSaxte n collier,miner
meCeTi
n mosque
meCxerad adv sparsely,thinly
meCxeri adj scanty, sparce, thin
mecadineoba v ger study(ing), do lessons
=mcdeloba v efforts (pl usu),endeavor
mecenati n patron(ess)
mecixovne=cixioni n guard, sentinel
~jari n garrison
mecniereba n sciency, thought
~humanitaruli n humanities,scholarship
mecnierebaSi mimdinareoba school of
thought
mecnierTa jgufi scientific (advisory)body
mecnieri n scholar,scientist
didi ~ the great
msoflio saxelis mqone scholar of international distinction
wamyvani ~ top scientist
mecniermuSaki n research fellow/assistant
mecnierulad adv learnedly,scientifically
mecnieruli adj scholarly,scientific
~dakvirveba v n observe/observation
~memkvidreoba
scientific heritage
~
~
mdidari ample ~ ~
~Semoqmedeba scholarly/scientific creativity
mecxeneoba n horse-breeding
mecxvare(kaci/qali) n shepherd(ess)
mecxvareoba n sheep-rearing
mecxoveleoba(ix.mesaqonleoba) n animal
husbandry,stock-rising
~baguri
stalled ~
~bagur-mwyemsuri stalled and posture ~
~mkvidri
settled ~
~momTabare
pastoral-nomad ~
~produqtebi pastoral production
~samTabaro
posturing ~
mecxoveleobis produqt(eb)i pastoral production
meZebari=ZaRli
n hound, retriver
mewarme n manufacturer
mewarmeoba n entrepreneurship,manufacturing
activity
mewaRe
n cobbler, shoemaker
mewveli saqoneli
diary cattle, milch
mewvrilmane(vaWari/xelosani) n petty
trader
mewinave
n adj leader,leading
mewisqvile
n
miller
mewisqvileoba ger milling
mewyeri n avalanche, landfall(slide/slip)
mewyvile n running mate
meWeWi n wart
meWde n cutter, notcher
meWurWleTuxucesi n minister of finances,
treasurer
mexi n thunder(bolt)(s)
mexileoba n arboriculture, fruit-growing
mexis mfrqveveli the thunderer, Zeus
mexofe=meniCbe
n oarsman, rower
mexre n teamster
~Ramis
n night ~
~Ziris n driver, teamster
mexsiereba n memory, retention
mexsierebaSi aRdgena v n furbish, mental
reproduction
mejvare nefis n groomsman
mejinibe n stable-man, groom
mejinibeTuxucesi(ix.amilaxvari) n equarry
mejoge
n drower,herdsman, horse-herd
mehari=urvadi=yalimi n bride money
mza(ix.nawarmi) adj finished, ready
mzad adj adv ready/readily, be ready
~salaSqrod/saomrad ready to take field
mzadeba v n arrange(ment)(s),prepare(ation)
(s)
~sakvebis v n ger cook(ing),prepare/preparation
mzadyofna n preparedness, react positively,
readily,willingness
mzardad adv excessively, increasingly
mzardi adj excessive,expand,extend,increase)(ing),progressive
~gamoyeneba increasing(ly) use(d)
~sofeli/qalaqi bustling (city/village)
mzareuloba n culinary practice
mze n the sun
mzebudoba n Midsummer‟s day, solstice
mzeze gamoyvana v ger dry(ing), jerk(ing)
mzeTunaxavi n the (reigning) beauty
mziani adj sunny
mzidi adj bearing, supporting
mziTvi n dowry
mzis(ix.kuWis Tavi) adj solar
~etli
sun boat
~saaTi n gnomon, sundial
~sinaTleze gamotana v n expose/expos
ure
112
~Casveneba
v n decay, wither up
~Casvla v ger set(ing)
mzomi xelsawyo n gauge
mzralad xvna v autumnal ploughing
mzrunveli n caretaker, custodian,guardian
mTa(ix.mTebi) n hill, mountain
~aRmarTuli v adj rise(s)(ing)
~dabali n quite
~dablobze aziduli raising above plain
=(bevri) saqme
mass of work to do
~cicabo steep hill
mTagoriani=mTiani adj hilly(ground),mountaineous,jugged terrain,rolling ground/hill(s),
rugged landscape
mTagrexili n chain(s) of mountains=mountain chain/ridge
mTagrexilis orive mxares adv sth lies/lying astride a mountain ridge
mTavarangelozi n archangel
mTavardiakoni
n archdeacon
mTavarepiskoposi n archbishop
mTavar(i) adj basic,chief,crusial,deciding,dominant,essential,focus,fundamental,head,
important,key,main,major,pilot,pivotal,primary,principal,top,underlying
=tituli n Duke
mTavarmarTebeli n general-governor
mTavarsardalin commander in chief,worlord
~ umaRlesi n supreme commander
mTavrdeba v sth breaks off/ends,starts to
wane
mTavroba n government
~droebiTi provisional ~
~erovnuli erTobis National Unity ~
~koaliciuri coalition ~
mTaze dadgmuli/mikruli sth perch(ing) on
slope/top of a mountain
mTaTa warmoqmna v mountain building
~rigebi/wyeba tangle of mountains
mTaSi=mTebSi adv in the highland(s)/mountains,on the heighs of..,up hill
~ da velebi n pl hills and dales
mTebis sartyeli n belt(s) of ranges
mTebSi adv intermontane zone
mTel(i)(s) adj adv complete,entire,intact,safe
unbroken,whole,sum total,total
~nawili n constituent part
~periodis ganmavlobaSi within the overall
range of N period
~rogorc erTi n as a whole
~cxovreba n lifetime
mTels... adv thorough the…
mTvare n the moon
~axali/namgala crescent/new ~
~iklebs/klebulobs v ger wane(ing)
~imatebs/matulobs v ger waxe(ing)
naxevar ~ crescent, half ~
~savse/Zveli
full ~
mTvaris rkali(axali)
n cusp
~simbolo
moon symbol
~formis
crescent
~qalRmerTi
Moon Goddess
~qva/qvis n adj moonstone
mTvarisebri
adj lunate
naxevar ~ adj lunate,semilunar
mTavarmarTebeli n general governor
mTvlemare(ix.vulkani) adj nodding
mTianeTi n rugged highland(s),intermontane
zone,upland
mTiani=mTagoriani adj hilly,jugged terrain,
mountainous,rolling ground/hill
mTibavi n cleaver,hay-maker, mower
mTieli n highlender,hillman
mTis adj mountain
~broli(s) n adj rock crystal
~bokvi(s)=nekerCxali n adj sycamore
~bruca(cxoveli) n Spalax
~ganStoeba
n
spur
~kalTa/ferdi n flanck,hillside/slope
~Tavze adv on the top of a mountain
~ ~ mdgomi ram sth perch(ing) on top of ~
~naSali(s) n adj hill-wash
~niaRvari n adj mountain stream
~Sverili n brow of the hill
~Zira/wina adj foothill,submontane
~Ziri n foot of mountain,piedmont,root of
the hill
~wina/wineTi/wini adj n foothills,submontane
mTixvi n squash
mTlad adv entirely,fully,wholly,very…
mTlianad adv completely,entirely,fully,in all/
whole,totally,wholly
mTlianadsxmuli adj one piece casting
mTliani=erTi mTeli adj all-in-one,comple
te,solid,whole
~morisgan sth made from the trunk of single
log
~naWrisgan sth made in one single piece
~raodenoba
overall number/quantity
mTlianoba n integrity
mTlianobaSi adv in all,entirely,on the
whole,so far..,sth integral
mTxovneli n applicant
113
miamiti adj rustic
miamitoba n rusticity
miamit(a)(ura)d adv rustically
miando vinmes rame v commission
mianiSnebs v hints/points to,indicates,sth makes it likely that..,signals
miaRwia v reached
~zenits
sb/sht ~ (his/her,its) zenith
~rames v achieve(d),persue(d)
miaxleba v kiss the ground,prostrate oneself
=axlos misvla v come nearer
miaxloeba v approach, come closer/nearer
~gamoTvlisas v n approximate(ion)
~dasasruls near end
miaxloebiT adv approximately, roughly
miaxloebiTi adj approximate(d)
~formiT approximating to some shape
mibaZva(ix.minabaZi) v acquire,adopt,borrow,
copy,emulate/imitate(ion),intercept,replicate,share
mibaZviT adv in imitation of sb/sth
mibma v n annex(ation),bind(ing),coordinate
(ion),dovetail,lash,sandwich,tie
mibmuli adj annexed,bound,coordinated,tied
mibneva=mimagreba v fix, pin
mibruneba v go back to, (re)turn(ing)
~sakiTxze v n resume/resumption
~saqmeze
v n retrieve/retrieval,revert back to sth
~ukan v disgress to do sth,recede
mibjena v n lean to, terminate/termination
mibjenili adj adjoining,leaned/leaning to,terminated
migeba(ix.pativis) v ansver, pay, reward
~misageblisa
do homage
migebeba v come/go out to meet, welcome
migvaniSnebs v hints to, points at(out,to)
migviZRvis/mivyavarT v sb/sth leads to…
migracia v n migrate(ion),transhumance
migraciuli adj migration, migratory,transhumant
migroveba(ix.mixveta) v pile, shovel
midamoebi n pl surroundings
midgma v attach sth to sth,fix, lean to
midgmuli=mibjenili adj leaned to,fixed
sth against sth,attachmmnet
midgoma v n access,approach
~axleburi
novel approach
~obieqturi
objective/unbiased ~
~subieqturi biased/subjective ~
midgomis kuTxe/mxare
n angle of…
midevna ramis v persecute
midis v moves, continues, progresses
midreka v incline to, whirl
midrekileba n flair,inclination,liability,passion,penchant,predilection,proneness,
relish,tend(ency)
~ ramisadmi n flair,proclivity/taste for sth
midrekili adj be inclined,proned,tended to
to evolve into sth,liable
miduReba v ger solder(ing)/weld(ing) on
miduRebuli adj soldered/welded on
miekuTvneba v sth attributed to sth,sb/sth belongs to/is assigned to
miendo vinmes
v trust sb
mierTeba v n annex(ation),attach with
mierTebis manera/xerxi method/way of
attachment
mierTebuli adj attached,incorporated
miesadageba v sth is relevant to sth
miewereba v sth is ascribed/assigned to sth,
attributed,prescribed/prescripted to sb/sth,
sth is credited with…
miviwyeba v forget
miviwyebuli adj cowed,downtrodden,forgotten
mizani n aim,cause,intention.goal,objective,
purpose of,reason for,summit,target
mizandasaxuloba n intention
mizanSewonili adj expedient
mizanSewoniloba n expedience=expediency
mizanSi amoReba v sight,take a sight,target
mizezi n cause,reason,the root factor
mizniT adv with the aim/purpose of doing sth
miznis miRweva v achieve the aim
miznobrivi adj international
~daxmareba
grant-in-aid
miTviseba v n appropriate(ation)
miTi
n myth
miTiTeba v n indicate(ion),check,note,hint to
guide-line,point-out/to,precept,prescription,refer/tend,signal,tip,trace
~gverdis bolos foot note
miTis Seqmna ger
mythmaking
miTiuri adj fabulous, mythical
naxevrad ~ semimythic
miTologia=miTosi n mythology
miTologizacia v n mythologise(ation)(ing)
miTologiuri
adj mythological
miipyro=miiqcia
v attracted, captured
miiRo v get,receive,take
~saxe
sth took the form of…
114
~Camoyalibebuli saxe
sth assumed a regular character
~xasiaTi sth acquired/took upon a character of…
mikedleba v join
mikedleuli adj joined
mikereba v gold together
mikerZoeba v (have a) bias towards,prejudice
~sawinaaRmdegod (have a) bias against
mikerZoebuli v adj be biased towards..,preferential,prejudiced
mikroba v adhere to,attach,cling
mikruli adj adhered,attached,clung
mikroliTi(s) n adj microlith
~segmenturi segmented ~
~sworkuTxa rectangle ~
~trapeciuli
trapezoid ~
mikroCasarTi(s) n adj microinset
mikuTvneba v n assigne(ment),identify/identification,include/inclusion, label sth
~ramisadmi v n attribute/attribution to…
~saxelis v apply a name/epithet,name after
mikuTvnebuli adj assigned,attributed,belonging to,included in,labeled
milaki n tube
milgayvaniloba n duct, pipe
milebiani adj piped
mileva v ger wane(ing)
mili(s) n adj hose, pipe
~muxli n elbow
~sakanalizacio n sewer
~sawvimari kedelze n (descent) gutter
~wyalsawreti catch-water drain
milisebri adj tubular
milocva v n congratulate(ion) on…
milsadeni(s) n adj pipe-line
~gayvana v n install(ation)(ment)
mimagreba v n (a)fix(ation),attach/fasten to,attachment,fit,peg,pin
mimagrebis xerxi method of fitting
mimagrebuli adj (a)fixed,attached,bonded,fastened,fitted,pegged,pinned
mimavali adj going,marching,walking
mimarTebaSi vinmesTan/ramesTan adv in
respect/with regard to sb/sth,in relation with sb/sth,in terms of sth
mimarTva v apply/appeal to sb,approach/reach with,address sb,direct,gear towards
~TxovniT make a request,have a favour to
ask sb/sth,appeal, apply
~naSromze refer to
mimarTuleba n asphect,direction,trend
~mTavari
mainstream
~mxatvruli artistic tendency, trend
~ZiriTadi n foundation courses
mimarTulebiT adv along the course of..,
in the direction of…
mimarTulebis Secvla v turnaround
mimarTuli adj directed toward,focused on
on sth,targeted for
~gareT outward directed/direction, in the direction of exterior
~erTmaneTisken opposed directed/direction
~zeviT
upward directed
~mizanze
targeted for
~qveviT
downward directed/direction
~Signi inward directed, in the direction of interior
mimbaZvelad adv slavishly
mimbaZveli n imitator
mimdebare adj abutting,adjacent,close/tight fitting,nearby,neighboring,adjoining
mimdevari adj follower,persecutor,persuing
mimdevroba/mimdevrobiTi n adj sequence/
sequential
mimdinare adj current,developing,modern,
passing,present
~viTareba current state of sth
mimdinareoba n course,edifice,path,tendency,trend
~xelovnebaSi artistic school
mimdinareobisas adv in the course of sth
mimdinareobs v sth is conducted/current,
sth is in progress,sth proceeds/is undergoing
mimzidvelad adv engagingly, attractively
mimzidveli adj anticing,attractive,catching,
catchy,captivating,engaging,inviting,spectacular
~Tema/sakiTxi focus of sth
mimzidveloba n allurement(s),relish
~dakarga v lose appeal
mimino n hawk
mimmarTvli n adj directing,directional
mimndobi adj unsuspecting
mimobneva/mimofantva v strew across
mimobneuli/mimofantuli adj interspersed,scattered,spread about/over,strewn
mimoqceva(ix.fulis) v circulate,flow of sth
in and out,function
mimoqcevaSi adv in circulation/currency
mimomxilveli n observer,reviewer
mimoxilva v n (over)view,review,survey
~mokle
n sketch
=naSromi n review,survey
115
~sakiTxis
overview/review on N problem/
topic
mimoxilviTi adj (over)(re)view article
mimsgavsebuli adj likened
mimqrolavi adj running, flying
mimRebi
n adj recipient, receiver
mimxroba v accede to,endorse(ment),flock to
sb‟s banner
~vinmeze
v rejoin/support sb
~Tavisken v incline to
~rwmenaze v adhere to
mimxrobili adj adherent,satellite
~rwmenas n adherent
mina(ix.minis) n adj glass
~brma
blind ~
~dabinduli/Sebinduli frosted ~
~vitraJis=feradi
stained ~
~Tlili
cut ~
~Txieri
molten ~
~kobaltiani
smalt ~
~fanjris
window pane
minabaZi n adaptation,copy,imitation,replica
~ucxo(uri) foreign adaptation
minavleba v mute,perish,smoulder
minavlebuli adj muted
minaduRi(ix.liToni)
n adj scum(y)
minanqari(minanqris/minanqruli) n adj
enamel, glaze
~masa
~ mass
~tixruli
cloisonné (Fr), shippo
minanqriani adj enamel(ed)
~nivTebi
enamel work
minarevi n additive(s), impurity(ies),
minareTi
n minarety
minaSeni n annexe,lean to-construction,lean-to
-shed
=farduli n apprentice
=fligeli n wing
minaweri n postscript
minaZerwi
n sticky, stuck
mindobiloba
n v commission
mindor-veli n grassland
mindori n lawn,meadow,green
~borcviani
tussocky
~rveulis/wignis
n margin
~saTesi n fledging field
~faris
field of a shield
mindorSi adv afield
minerali/mineraluri n adj mineral
~resursi
~ resourse(s)
miniatura n miniature
miniaturisti n miniature-painter
miniaturuli adj diminutive
minimaluri
adj minimal,minimized
~raodenoba n horsts
=sawyisi initial, minimum
~codna
~ knowledge
minimum...
adv (at a) minimum…
minimumamde dayvana v minimize
minis(ix.mina) adj glass
~Tla/kveTa v ger
cut(ing)
~masa/masis
n adj molten glass
~mberavi n blower
~mkveTeli n glass-cutter
~pasta/pastis n adj glass paste
~saberi mili n
blow-pipe
~comi(s) n adj
paste
miniseburi(ix.masa) adj glassen, glassy
miniSneba v n cue,facilitate,flag,hint.point,imply,indicate,prompt,signal
~rameze v allude to sth,tend to
miniWeba v attach,award,confer,impute
~mniSvnelobis v place sth on a par with sth
~uflebis v n entitle(ment)
~wodebis(aristokratis) v ennoble
~ ~ (oficris) v n commission,estate investiture
~xarisxis v give degree of…
minotavri n minotaur
mipyroba v n attract(ion)
mirTmeva v make a present,present
=Sewirva v offer to, vote
=Wama v ger eat(ing)
mironi(s) n adj chrism
mironmdinare adj (a plant) yielding ~
mironcxeba
v n anoint(ment),anele,baptize,Christene,chrisma,sacring
mironcxebuli adj anointed,aneled,baptized,Christened
mirqma v cuddele
mirCilva v ger solder(ing)
mirCiluli adj soldered
misabaZi
adj exemplary
misabjeni n brace,strut
misagebeli(ix.migeba) n payment,recompence
misadageba v n accomode,adapt to,apply,conform(ity)
misadagebuli adj sth applicable for sth,appropriate,apt,available,comfortable,
conformist
misadgomebTan adv on the approaches of…
misadgomebi n pl access(es),approach(es)
~advili/moxerxebuli easy access(es)
116
~gadaketili sealed off ~ ~
~Caketili adj blocked access(es)
~Zneli
difficult access(es)
misadgomi adj
access(able)
misamZimreba v offer condolences
misani
n magician, sorcerer/sorceress
misasalmebeli adj welcoming
misasvleli(ix.misadgomebi) n access
misaqseli n weft, woof
misaqcieli n bent, turning
misaRebad
adv acceptably
misaRebi adj acceptable,afficient,appropriate
conciderable,illigible,perceptible,plaucible,preferable,sustainable
misaRwevi adj pursue
misawvdomi adj accessible
~gaxado
make sth available
~gaxda
sth became ~
misawvdomoba n accessibility of/to sth
misaxvedri adj comprehensible
misdevs v adhere,accompany,pursue
~religias sb practice(s)(ing) a certain religion
~saqmianobas sb carry(s)(ing) out business
misvla v arrive, come
misia n mission
misioneri/misioneroba/misioneruli n missionary
misnoba n sorcery,practice magic
misteria n mystery
mistikuri adj mistic
mistikosi n visionary,visionist
miswrafeba n v aspiration,be keen to do sth,in
ntention,passion/penchant for,strive for
misja v doom, sentence
~ sasjelis n v inflect(ion)
misjili adj doomed, sentenced
mitana v take,transport
mitaceba v capture, seize/seizure
mitacebuli adj captured,seized
mitoveba v abandone,desert,desolate,depopulate,devastate,neglect
~adgilis v retreat from some place
mitovebuli adj abandoned,deserted,desolated,depopulated,devastated,left to
itself,neglected
mitra n mitre, mitra (Gr)
mitropoliti n metropolitan
mityueba v beckon,lure sb back
~eSmakobiT use steakth to lure sb
miudgomeli adj inaccessible,approachless,
impenetrable
~qalaqi/cixe adj impregnable
miudgomloba n inaccessibility,impenetrability
miuTiTebs v argues,alerts,fingers,implies,indicates,points,remarks,signals,sth argues/speaks for sth
~sapirispiros militates against
miukerZoebeli adj impartial,unbiased
miukerZoeblad adv detachedly,without bias/prejudice to sty
miukerZoebloba n detachment, impartiality
miumagrebeli adj unattached
miumxrobeli adj neutral
miumxrobloba n neutrality
miuRebeli(ix.yovlad) adj improper,unfamiliar,unacceptable
miuRebloba n rejection
miuwvdomeli adj inaccessible,irreproachable
not available,unachievable,unsurpassed,
unattainable,unavailable,unrivalled
miqceva v draw
miReba(ix.mopoveba) v absorb,accept,acquaint,admit,adopt,approve,embrace,extract,
get,obtain,provide,participate,provide,perceive,take part in sth,achieve
~gulTbili give sb a warm welcome/a
cordial reception
~miwebis v acquire territories
~monawileobis participate/take part in..,
partake in of..,intake
~oficialuri n reception
~rezoluciis adopt(carry/pass) a resolution
~rwmenis v embrace (some) faith
~sakvebis/wamlisv n consume/consumption
~formis
take the form of sth
~cnobis get/glean information from sb/sth
~xarisxis v commence the degree
miRebis done/zoma degree of acceptance
miRebuli adj absorbed,accepted,acquainted,
adopted,approved,sth is believed(practiced,
widespread),customary,embraced,got,obtained,taken in...
~wesi accepted practice,procurement pattern
miRma adv behind, beyond
miRmuri adj weired
miRweva v n achieve,acquire(accomplish,advvance,attain)(ment),achieve,pursue,
reach
miRweuli adj achieved,acquired,attained,reached
miyeneba/miyrdnoba v lean against
miyvana v drive,lead, take
117
miyveba(ix.gasdevs,Semosdevs,Semouyveba)
v accompanies,followes
~paralelurad runs parallel
miyolebiT adv point after point
miyra v pile
miSenebuli adj adjoining (chamber/room)
miSvera v ger aim(ing)
miSverili
adj aimed
miCneva v consider,identify(interpret,regard) sth
as sth,find sth expedient to do sth,think,
be reputed as..,reckon,conceive,ascribe,
deem,refer,perceive
~damakmayofileblad find sth satisfactory
~rogorc... consider/perceived sb/sth as…
~simarTled take sth for granted
miCneuli adj considered,found,identified,regarded,reputed,suggested,thought
miCumaTeba v silence
miCqmalva v draw a veil over sth,overshadow,veil
miCqmaluli adj overshadowed,veiled
micvalebulze xorcis mocileba v deflesh bidy,remove flesh from body
micvalebulTa Tayvaniscema v n venerate,
veneration
~saxli n a house of the dead
~sulebi n sing/pl Lat. numen/numina,numinous
micvalebuli(ix.ConCxi) n adj corpse,dead,
deceased,occupant of the tomb
~baliSi=sasTumali n head-stone
~gvirgvini n (burial) wreath, herm(s)
~dakrZalva v lie to rest
~dasveneba gamosaTxovrad lie sb in state
~dawva v n cremate(ion)
~ ~ dakrZalvis win v pyre
~Tavsakravi n mortuary headbands
~sareceli
n bier, couch
micvalebulisTvis Cataneba v accompany
by gifts, put
micvalebuls Catanebuli qonda... body
(is/was) accompanied/conducted with…
miZerwili adj set on
miZineba v n repose, pass away
= bibl.
the Assumption
miZRvna v n concecrate(ion),devote(dedicate,
sacred)to,ordain,present
=teqsti
n dedication
~xsovnisadmi concecrate to the memory of
sb
miwa/miwis(ix,niadagi) n adj earth,ground,land,soil
~berwi/unayofo barren/sterile soil
~gadaxrukuli hard baked ~
~damuSavebuli/saxnavi arable ground
~datborili
dumping grounds
~daumuSavebeli/mouxnavi untilled ~
~daweuli sunken ground
~vargisi terrain conductive for farming
~Tavisufali
free land(s)
~ijariT
holding
~kordian-humusiani turf and humus earth
~kordiani turf
~mosavliani/nayofieri fertile ground
~muSavdeba
land under cultivation
~namkali
reaped area
~nasveni of many years standing fallow
~natkepni
rammed earth
~nayari (loose) spoil ~
~nayofieri
fertile/fecund soil
~nacriT ganoyierebuli ash-enriched ~
~nawyalobevi allotment
~nestiani/notio wetland
~noyieri
fertile/mould soil
~saTemo=saxalxo civic/community land
~saufliswulo/samefo crown domain/
land,royal land(s)
~uvargisi bad(dry,unpromising,useless) soil
~urwyavi
dry-farming land
~uZravi
not dug/virgin soil
~yamiri
fallow land,fresh soil
~CamonaSali eroded land
~Camowolili dislocated(slid/slipped) land
wminda ~ the Holy Land
miwad qceuli
adj vitrified
miwaTmoqmedeba(ix.samiwaTmoqmedo,soflis meurneoba) n agriculture,farming,
husbandry
~guTnuri plough cultivation,tillage farming
~primitiuli
primitive farming
~sarwyavi
irrigated
~
~saxnavi plough agriculture
miwaTmoqmedi n agriculturalist,farmer
miwaTmflobeli n land(lady,lord,owner)
miwamxala(si)=Talgamura(si)n/adj swede
miwas mowyvetili adj discrete
miwasTan gasworeba v demolish,raze to the
ground
miwayrili(s)(ix.zvinuli) n bulwark
~wina daqaneba/saxriloba n glacis
miwaSi amoTxrili dug into the earth
~Cadgmuli sunken (below floor)
~Casmuli sunk into the earth
~Cafluli naxevrad partly sunken
miwebeba v stick
118
miwera ramisa rameze v ascribe sth to sth
~ramisa vinmeze v assign/attribute sth to sb
miweriloba n v precept,prescript(ion)
miwvdena xelis v reach up one‟s hand to…
miwveva/mowveva v n invite/invitation
~krebis call/invite a meeting
miwieri adj earthly,terrain,worldly
miwis aTviseba v ger open(ing)
~azomva n v survet
~aTviseba/gamoyeneba/damuSavebav landuse
~gayidva/yidva/Cuqebis sabuTi n deed
~goroxi/gunda clod(lump,pad) of earth
~damuSaveba v n break the soil,cultivate(ion)
finish,tillage,treat(ment)
~zeda adj above ground,overland/ground
surface
~zeda fena n topsoil land
~zedapirze adv flush with the ground
~zedapiri n surface, terrain
~Tanamedrove ~ n topsoil land
~Txeli fena n sparse topsoil
~kide zRvasTan/sazRvarTan n tip
~masivi
n land-mass
~mzomeli n surveyer, topographer
~miReba/SemoerTeba v acquire territory(ies)
~mosworeba v ger level(line,surface)(ing)
~muSa n farmhand
~nakveTi n area,isolated pocket of land,plot
~ ~ nagebobebiT n farmstead
~nayofiereba n fertility,fecundity
~samuSaoebi n pl agricultural activities,earthwork
~simcire=survili n land-hunger
~ufali
n master of the earth
~Cawola v n dislocate(ion)
~wiaRi n bowels of the earth
~qveS(a) adj subterrarean,underground
~ ~ gasasvleli n underpass
~ ~ ryeva
n tremor
miwisqveSeTi(ix.jurRmuli) n cave,underworld
miwisZvra n assumption,eartgquack/shaking,
shock
=dartyma n v blow
~Zlieri adj violent (effect)
~izomeba
~ measuring… eg 3-4 point on
Richter scale
miwisZvris gamZle adj earthquake-proof
~Zala n force
miwodeba v held to,make sth available,pass,
submit,supply
~masalis/saqonlis v n provide sb to sth,
procurement
miwuri n dug-out=dugout,pit house
=gomuri pigeon hole
naxevrad ~ n adj half sunk into the ground,semidugout,semi/subterrarian
miwyoba erTmaneTze v juxtapose
miwyobili ~ adj juxtaposed
miWdobili adj contiguous
miWedebuli adj nailed
mixaki(s)(yvavili) n adj carnation
=sakmazi n adj clove
=xe/xis n adj clove-tree
mixedva v look
=movla v look after
~ukan
a look back at sb/sth
mixedviT(ix.modelis,saxelis,tradiciis)
adv according/adhere to…
~vinmesi
after sb
~ramisa
by shape/site
mixvedra(ix.Cawvdoma) v n conceive,comprehend,guess,perceive,percept(ion),realize,
winnow sth
mixvedriloba n acumen of sb,insight,perception,penetration
mixveta(ix.migroveba) v pile,shovel,sweep
mixrwnili adj sb in declining years,hoar
mijna(ix.samijne) n border,boundary,limit,
margin,mere,limes/limitis (sing/pl Lat)
=margili/qva=samani n landmark
mijnaze adv between the turn of …
mijriT(i) adv adj abbuted, close
mihrakani(ix.Tebervali,surwyunisi) n
February
mka v ger reap(ing)
mkaTaTve(ix.ivlisi,kvirikobisa,quelTobai) n July
mkalavi
n tinker
mkafio(ix.mkveTrad) adj ample,bold,brilliant,
clear,highlighring,outstanding,sound,unambiguous,valid
~dasturi
ample confirmation
~magaliTi valid sample
~mtkicebuleba bold claim(s)
~nimuSi
clear pattern
~niSani
sound feature(sign,signal,trace)
mkafiod adv amply,bildly,brilliantly,clearly,
soundly
~Cans v sth came to the fore,sth figures prominently
mkacrad adv harshly,gravely,strictly,severely
mkacri adj harsh,rigid,severe,strict,tough
mkerdi(s) n adj bosom,breast,chest
~qalis n (female) breast
119
~win wamoweuli out thrust breast
mkerdsakinZi(ix.sakinZi) n breast fastening,
brooch,clasp
mkvdrediT aRdgoma
v n rise,rise again/
from the death
~aRmdgari
resurrected
mkveTrad adv brightly,(most)clearly(of all),
definitely,noticeably,obviously,sharply,
distinctly,pronouncedly,steeply,strongly
~gamoyofili adj accentuated,steeply separated
~gamoxatuli niSani pronounced feature
(mark,sign)
~moxazuli sth delin eated/traced in clearcut manner
mkveTri adj bold,bright,emphazing,intence,sharp,intence,significant,strident,valid
~gamoTqma
firm pronouncement(s) on...
mkvidrad adv solidly,sufficiently
mkvidri(ix.mosaxleoba) adj indigeneous,native,solid,well-built
=mcxovrebi n husband man,resident,settler
mkvlevari n explorer,investigator,researcher
mkvleli n assassine,killer,murderer
~tiranis n tyrannicide
mkvleloba v n assassine(ation),homicide,
kill,murder
mkvrivi adj compact,dense,solid,tight
mkiTxavi n soothsayer,sorcerer/sorceress
~frinvelebis frenaze n auger
~cxovelis Signeulobaze heruspices
mkiTxaoba n v augery,divination/divining,practice magic,sorcery
mkirwylavi n paviour
mklavi(ix.Zvali) n arm.branch,hose
mkodavi(ix.kodva) n cutter, notcher
mkrexeli n blasphemer
mkrexeloba v n blaspheme/blasphemy,sacrilege
mkrexelobis Cadena v commit sacrilege
mkrexeluri adj blasphemous,sacrilegious
mkrTali(ix.feri) adj pale
mkurnali(ix.saxalxo) n healer,physician
mkurnaloba v ger n cure,heal(ing),treat
(ment)
mlaSe=mwuTxe adj saline, salty
mlocveli n celebrant,prayer,worshipper
adj interceding,praying,worshipping
mmarTveli(s) n adj governor/governing,official,operator,ruler/ruling
~kanonmdebeli n validating ruler
~kuTxis/mxaris n provincial/regional governor
~kulti ruller cult
~faqtiuri n regent
~wreebi
rulling elite
mmarTveloba(ix.marTva) v n administer/administration,control,govern(ance),regi
ment,rule,run
~erTpirovnuli autocracy,one-man rule
~koleqtiuri
joint partnership
~msubuqi rule with light hand
~mZime rule with heavy hand
~rkinis xeliT ironfist rule
~sruli
complete control
mmarTvelobiTi adj administrative
mmarTvelobis qveS adv under control/suppervision
~ ~ moqceva v fall under power/rule
~sistema n regim(ent)
mnaTe(ix.eklesia/eklesiis) n sacristan,sexton
mnaTlavi n Baptist,Christener
mnaTobi(ix.mefe) n heavenly body
mnaTobis naTeli(ix.wmindanis) n sing/pl
Lat. corona/coronae
mnaxveli(ix.stumari) n visitor
mniSvneloba(ix.sasicocxlo) n implicati
on,importance,meaning,range,significance of sth
~gansakuTrebuli singular importance
~gverdiTi/damatebiTi n connotation
~damTariRebeli dating significance
~sawyisi original meaning(importance/significance)
~ZiriTadi primary meaning
mniSvnelobiT adv with importance/meaning,
in range
mniSvnelobis daknineba v downplay importance of sth
~micema v place importance of sth
~ ~ simbolosTvis v embody a symbol
~mqone v sth looms large
~Semcireba v n deteriorate,deterioration
~warmoCena/xazgasma v highlight
mniSvnelovani adj consequential,important,
major,meaningful,notable,noteworthy,noteciable,profound,remarkable,significant,
sunstantial,prime,striking,crusial,momentous,focal point,marked,fundamental,showy
mniSvnelovanwilad adv substantially,to a
great extent
mniSvnelovnad adv considerably,importantly,
noticeably,strikingly,substantiallly
moazreba v associate as… think out
moazrovne n thinker
120
~cocxlobs... memory lives on…
mogonebaRa darCa... sth became but memory
mogonebebi n pl memories,recollections,reminicences
mogonili adj fabulous,fiction,imaginary
mogrexa v ger bend(ing)
mogroveba v n ger collect(ion),compile,focus,gather(ing),pile,build up on sth,makeup,agglomerate/agglomeration
mogrovili adj collected compiled,gathered,
agglomerated,madeup,piled
mogrZo adj elongated,oblong
moda n fashion,mode
modaSi(a)/moduri adj be in fashion/mode,
fashionable,stylish
~Semosvla v come into vogue
modgma n breed,tribe; genus/genera (n sing/
pl Lat)
modebuli(ix.gavrcelebuli) adj extended/extending,spanning
modeli(s) n adj mode(l),pattern
~mixedviT follow(ing) N model
modernizmi n modernity
modidan gasvla v go out of fashion,outdated.outmode,unfashionable
modis v descends(extending,stems) from sth
modreka v ger bend(ing)
~Tavis v bow,make obeisance
~sulieri n adj depression,depressed
modurad adj in the height of fashion
moduri(ix.modaSia) adj fashionable,modish
moedani n area,esplanade,landing,platform,
square
~bazris
market place
~dartymis striking platform
~samSeneblo building area/site
moevlina v sb/sth appeared/made an appearance
moelvare adj iridescent
movale(valis amRebi) n debtor
movaleoba v charge,duty,responsibility,onus,
task
movarayebuli adj glossy, plated
movercxvla v foil,silver
~Sida inner silver-plate
movercxlili adj silvered
movla v look after,nurse,run by,take care
=daTvaliereba v n visit(ation)
=patronoba v n maintain/maintenance
movlena n affair,episode,event,evidence,instance,matter,occasion,phenomenon/
phenomena n sing/pl Lat.
~saRad adj generous-minded
moalva v ger scorch(ing)
moambe=macne n herald,messenger
=samecn.gamocema n bulletin, chronicle
moaswavebs(ix.momaswavebeli) v foreruns,
foreshadows
moaRwia(ix.Cvenamde) v reached
moaxle
n maid
moajiri n balustrade
~kibis n pl usu banisters
mobaTqaSeba v ger coat/plaster(ing)
mobaTqaSebuli adj coated, plastered
mobeltva(ix,belti) v turf
mobibine=moelvare adj iridescent
mobrecili adj skew
mobruneba v ger turn(ing)
mogeba(ix.gamarjveba) v get profit; n avail,
benefits,interest,profit,spoils
=dageba/mofena v cover,face,floor,pave,surfa
ce
~kenWebiT shingly pavement
~morebiT
wood
~
mogebiT=momgebianad adv at a profit
mogerieba v drive back
~Setevis v fend off, repuls
mogvagonebs v sth is reminiscent of sth from
(certain period/place),sth reminds sb/
sth,recalls,resembles
mogvare n namesake
mogvareba v establish,fix,organize,settle,(re)solve sth
~SesaZlebelia sth can be solved/is solvable
~Znelia sth is difficult to establish/fix
mogvarebuli adj organized,(re)solved,settled
mogvepoveba v have (got)
mogvTa misvla iesos sanaxavad 6 ianvars
n Epiphany, Magnificat
mogvebis mosvla(ix.naTlisReba) Epiphany
mogvi n sing/pl Lat. magus/magi
mogvianebiT adv later on,eventually,subsequently
mogviano adj hense,later,subsequent
~periodi later period
mogviTxrobs(teqsti) (text) runs as followes
mogzauri n adj traveler, traveling
mogzauroba v n journey,tour(about),travel,
trip
mogluveba v even, smooth
mogoneba v memory,recall,recollect,remind,remember,reminesce
121
=gamoCena=movlineba v n appear(ance)
=didi(dasamaxsovrebeli/RirsSesaniSnavi) momentous happening(s)
=movlineba (bibl) n Advent
~mTavari key event
~Cveuli inherent episode/event
movlenaTa azri/arsi implication of events
~ganviTareba proceed(ing) of events
movlenebi n pl developments
~bunebrivi n pl natural elements
movlenebiT savse adj eventful
movlineba n v descent
movleniT aRiniSna v highlight by sth
mozaika/mozaikis n adj mosaic(s),tessalated
~kenWebis
pebble mosaic
mozaikiT dafaruli/mogebuli inlayed
with mosaic,installed,mosaiced.tesselated
~mogeba/mofena v n install(ation)
mozaikis dageba/mogeba v n inlay,install
(ation)
~kenWi n sing/pl Lat. tessera/tesserae
~ostati n mosaic maker, mosaisist
~teqnika
tessera technique
mozaikur(i) adj mosaic, tessellated
~lenturi adj
Lat. opus vermiculatum
~Sedgenili adj sectile
mozardi n adj immature,juvenile,teenager,youth/girl,subadult age
mozveri n ox
~dakodili n steer
mozidva(moizido) v ger bring(ing)
mozomva v (make) measure(ment)(s)
~miwaze
v mark out
mozomili adj measured,tempered
mozrdili(ix.adamiani) adj sth good sized/
sizeable
moTavseba v n dispose/disposal,house(v),mount,logistic/place(ment) within,accomodate,position,insert,situate
~gverdiT v adj flank(ed)(ing)
moTavsebuli adj disposed,housed,mounted
placed on(upon,within),situated
moTaTbireba v n consult(ation) with sb
moTelva(matylis) v felt
moTelili(Sali)
adj felted
moTviniereba/moTvinierebuli v adj tame(d)
moTiTbrva/moTiTbruli(ix.TiTberi) v
adj brass(ed)
moTmena v bear,endure,tolerate,tolerance(n)
moTmineba n patience
moTminebiT adv with patience,patiently
moTokva v n humble,hurness
moTqma
v n screech
moTxova v n argue,ask,demand,request
moTxovna v n call/demand for,challenge,claim,contend,postulate,require(ment)(s),
requisition
moTxovnebi n pl call for,demands,objectives,
requirements,sth desired
moTxovnebis Sesabamisad adv under conditions(needs,requirements)
moTxovnileba n v dearth,need for,necessitate,demand
moTxovnilebaTa gaTvaliswineba v meet
needs/requirements for sth
~dakmayofileba v satisfy needs/requirements for sth,accommodate needs
moTxroba n story
moiazreba v sth is associated with sth
moiTvlis v number
moiTxovs v cries out for..,demands,implies
sth,is intended/required,requires,seeks to..
moimata v enlarged, increased
moimka/moimko Sedegi sb reap(ed) benefit
of sth
moimoqmedo
v do sth
moipoveba sth is provided at/in
moicavs v comprise,compile,cover,contain,include,incorporate,embrace,network,involve,accommodate,harbour
~mTel cikls v comprehend
~ramdenime rames v constitute
~sivrces v cover an area
=swvdeba v embrace, span
~teritorias v encompase
~farTod sth largely comprises sth
moixsenieba(ix.moxsenieba,saxeli,xseneba)
v sth (is) mentioned by/in
~mravalnairad sth is mentioned under various forms
moijare n tenant
mokavSire n v ally, alied,alien
mokazmva v n decorate/decoration
~sarkeSi v ger preen(ing)/tide(ing) oneself
mokalva v ger tin(ing)
mokamaTe n contestant
mokauWebuli adj beaked, hooked
mokecva v bend,curve,fold
mokecili adj bent,curved,folded
~TiTebi clenched hand
mokvdavi(ix.ubralo) n adj mortal
mokvdineba
v slay
mokvdinebuli adj assassinated,commissioed by,slain
122
mokveTa v cut away,pierce
mokvla
v assassinate,kill,mortify,murder
mokvleva v n survey
mokiTxva v enquire=inquire,convey,greetings
send one‟s greetings,give sb sb‟s best/
kind regards to sb,remember sb to sb
mokirwyvla v ger brick(ing),cobble,pave(ing)
mokirwyluli adj brick(cobble,paveslab)(ed)
mokle adj brief,concise,short,minute,stubby,
succinct
~droSi adv briefly
moklebuli rasme sb/sth devoit of sth,lacking sth
mokled adv briefly,in short/sum,shortly
moklematyliani adj short haired/wool
mokletariani adj short handled
mokluli adj assassinated,killed
mokrZaleba n homage,reverence
mokrZalebuli adj unpretentious
mokrZalebulad adv shyly,simply,timidly,
unpretentiously
mokrZalebuli adj humble, moderate,modest,simple,timid
mokupvra v ger tar(ing)
molaparakeba(ni) v n negotiate(ion)(s),hold
talk(s),treaty
molaparakebis warmarTva n confer
molesili adj clay-lined,coated,plastered
molivlive adj iridisent,soaring
molodini v n ger anticipate(ion),expect(ation)(s),prospect,wait(ing)for…
moluski(s) n clam
~kibos msgsvsi n shellfish
~niJara n cockle shell
momavali adj future,further,prospective
uaxloesi ~ immediate/near future
momavalSi adv at a future date, in future
uaxloes ~ in immediate/near future
momavlis imediT/momavlisken yureba
look ahead to the future
~saqmea...
sth lies in the future
momakvdinebeli(ix.codva) adj deadly,mortal
the pallor if death
momarageba v n cater,feed,furnish,fund,provide,provision,stock,store,supply,accomodate
momaswavebeli adj diagnostic,forerunner,foreshadowing,signaling
momateba v add,enlarge,extend,increase
momatebuli adj added,enlarged,extended,increased
momgebiani adj available,expedient,gainful,
profitable
~urTierT mutually benefitial
momdevno adj sb/sth following after sb/sth,further,succeeding,successive,subsequent,
sth following sth
~Taobebi
n descendant
~mxare
contiguous side
~nivTi/sagani consecutive
~ufro gviani adj succeeding,subsequent
~weli
subsequent year/period
momdinare(a) adv adj sth coming from…
momdinareobs v coming/deriving from, sth is
current/originated,originating from sth/
somewhere,sth is provided by sb,sth
stamps from…
mometebulad adv increasingly
mometebuli adj added,increase(d)(ing)
momzadeba v n arrange(ment)(s),get ready,
organize(ation),prepare(ation)(s)
=gawrTvna raime saqmianobisTvis v groom for (certain) career
momzadebuli adj arranged,organized,prepared
momTabare n adj nomad(ic)(al)
momTabaris damkvidreba sacxovreblad
v sag,sink
momTmeni(ix.Semwynarebeli) adj patient
mominanqreba v enamel
mominanqrebuli adj enameled
momijnave adj adjacent,abutted
momlodine adj v contemplating
momlocveli n pilgrim
sastumto n pilgrim rooms
mommaragebeli n supplier
momnusxavi adj enchanting
momoqmedeba v effect
momrgvaleba v make sty round
momrgvalebuli adj rounded
~kargad
adj well-rounded
momrgvalo adj rounded a little
momrigebeli n arbiter/arbitrator,go between
man,mediator
momqmedi adj (acting) currently,active,valid
~gmiri/piri character,dramatic personal
momSvilduli adj bow-shaped
momCivani n pretender
momcveli adj covering,incorporating,involve
(ing) all of sth,comprising,embracing
momwamvleli adj poisonous
momwvari adj annealed
momwifeba v ger age/season(ing),maturate
momwifebuli adj matured, seasoned
momwyvdeva v drive in,enclose,pen,trap
123
momwyvdeuli adj driven in,enclosed,penned,
trapped
momwyobi n organizer
momxdari adj sth ensued
momxduri n enemy,rival
momxiblaviadj attractive,captivating,engaging
momxmarebeli n buyer,consumer,user
momxre n adherent,ally,allied/allying,loyalist,
pro..,supporter
~raime rwmenis n adj adherent
momxsenebeli n speaker
mona(ix,monoba) n servant,slave
~Tavisufali
n freedman
~morCili(Tqveni) your obedient servant…
~sataZro
n hierodul
monad gayidva v sell into slavery
monadire n hunter
~Semgrovebeli n hunter-gatherer
monazoni n nun,votaress
monaTesave adj akin,cognate with sb,related,
relative
~sisxliT adj akin, cognate
~kultura/suli kindered culture/spirit
monaTvla v ger Baptise/Christene(ing)
~wyalSi v n immerse/immersion
monaTxrobi n adj narration, narrated
monakveTi n length, passage
monamtvrevi adj clastic
monanie adj repentant
monanieba v n confess(ion),repent(ance) for…
monapovari n evidence,find/offering(s),gain,
common heritage of sth
~mwiri meager/scant evidence
~savele field evidence
~uxvi strands of ~
monapovris Seswavla v harness the ~
monasmi n dub, stroke
Tavisufali ~ easy ~ ~
monasteri(ix.eklesia,savane,samonastro)
n cloister,monastery; monasterium/
monasterii (n sing/pl Gr)
dedaTa ~ n convent
=kaTedrali n chapter(house)
~mcire/patara n cell
monastruli adj monastic
monatreba v long sb, miss
~samSoblosi v n homesick(ness)
monacemebi(s) n pl (body of)data,facts,grounds
~damTxveva v n adj coincide,coincidence,coincident
~mcire/Wreli patchiness of evidence
~raodenoba n body of data
~fiz/qim. n pl readings eg. C14
monacemi n (sing/pl Lat) datum/data,information,record
monacvleobiT adv sth proceeding byturns/
taken in turn
monawile n actor,figurant,part of,participant
monawileoba v n assist(ance),figure in,intervent,partake,participate(ion),play/take
part in sth
monaxazi(ix.winaswari) n (out)line
~mokle n outline, rough draft
~naSromis
draft, sketch
mondomeba=survili v be keen on sth,want
mondomebuli adj keen to do/on doing sth
monebiT vaWroba slavery business
moneta(ix.samoneto,fuli) n coin
~avtonomiuri autonomous ~
~bilonuri=xurda billon ~
~gacveTili
trite
~
~dawunebuli
pattern ~
~eleqtrumis
electrum ~
~zodi
bar/ingot ~
~minabaZi imitative ~
~miZRvnili
donative ~
~mxatvruli
decorative ~
~samaxsovro
memorial ~
~samajuri
bracelet ~
~samefo
royal ~
~srulfasovani full-value ~
~suberatiuli
suberative ~
~sxivana gvirgviniT adiate ~
~Sesawiri
votive ~
~Cazneqili
bent inwards ~
~calmxrivi
one-sided ~
~cru avtonomiuri pseudo autonomous~
monetaSi liTonis masa bulk of gold(silver…)
monetaruli/samoneto adj coinage,monetary
winare ~
adj pre-monetary
monetis gamoyeneba n v
coinage
~gamosaxuleba/warwera waSlili adj
effaced
~gamoSveba v n issue, pass current
~ganZi
n
hoard, treasure
~gacvlis kursi rate
~zurgi n
pile, reverse
~kanoniT daSvebuli sinjis/wonis dak
leba
n
remedium
~kverva ger coin-stamping
~kide
n tail; lituus/lituii (sing/pl Lat)
~liToni n coin metal
124
~moWra v ger
coinage, mint(ing)
~moWris gadasadi n mint duty
~ ~ teqnika n coin mint technique
~mWreli=zarafi n caulker,coiner,minter
~nominali n face value,nominalis/nominale (n sing/pl Lat)
~raodenoba gansazRvruli wonis liTonisagan
n coin heap/pile
~regalia
n
~ regalia
~rkali=CarCo
n tail
~tipi
n
coin type
~Rirebuleba n
~ domination
~
~
dabali ~ of small ~
~
~
maRali
~ of high ~
~Subli=piri
n heads, obverse
~CarCo n tail
~waSlili gamosaxuleba/warwera effaced coin
~wibo
n plane, ridge, verge
moniSvna v ger n designate(ion),label,mark
(note,trace)(ing)
moniSnuli adj appointed
monoba v n bondage,dept slavery,slaving
monobaSi adv in bondage
monobis gauqmeba v n abolish, abolition
monograma n monogram
monoliTi/monoliTuri n adj monolithic
monofiziti n adj monophysit=monophysis
monumenturi adj
monumental
monumenturoba n monumental(ity)
monurad adv slavishly
monusxva(ix.gaTvalva) v n bewitch,cast a
magic spell over sb/sth,divine(ation),enchant
mooqroveba v gild,foil,gold-plate
~Sida
inner gold-plate(d)
mooqrovili adj gilded,dilt,gold-plated
mooWva v enlay/furnish with,stud
mooWvili adj enlaid/furnished with,studded
mopirdapire mxare(vinme) n counterpart
mopirva v ger sharpen(ing)
mopirkeTeba v ger n brick(dress,face,finish,
line,pave,rivet)(ing),pavement,rivetment
mopirkeTebuli adj brick(dress,face,line,pave,rivet)(ed)
mopkureba v besprinkle,pour,spill,sprinkle
mopoveba v n achieve/acquire(ment),attain,conquest,earn,extract,gain,get,obtain,output,
quarry,procure(ment),retrieve/retrival,scoop,
win,work out
~miwis qveS
v ger mine/mining
~sabuTis/cnobis v gain ground,glean
~xelaxla v regain
mopovebuli saqonlis raodenoba n casts
morgeba v n accommodate/adapt(ation)(ing),
adjust(ment),fit,match,rejoin,true out
morgebulad adv aptly,fitting(ly)
morgebuli adj afficient,apt,fitted/fitting,geared,matched,suited,adhere
morgvi
n skein
=meTunis Carxi
n potter‟s wheel
mordari(ix.samefo) n a keeper of the State/
Great Seal
morevi n vortex
morTva
v adorn,decorate,dress,embellish,
emboss,intersperse sth with sth,ornament,garnish,spruce
~figurebiT v figure
~xelaxla v n redecorate/decoration
morTuli adj adorne(decorate,dress,embelish,emboss,ornament,garnish)(ed)
morTuloba n appeal,attire,decoration,embelishment,ornamentation
~adamianis n adornment
~gare
exterior decoration
~liTonze/liTonis v n embosse(ment)
~nivTis n embellishment,decoration
~Sida
interior decoration
~Zunwi
humble/modest ~
~xuroTmoZRvruli architectural ~
mori n beam,block,felling,log,round billet/timber,stake,thick wood
morigeba=garigeba n agreement, treaty
morideba v aschew, beware sth
morkalva v arch
morkaluli adj arched/arching bow-shaped
~piri(mag.danis) arched blade
moryeva/moryeuli v adj shake(n)
morCi n nodule,offshoot
morCilad adv obediently
morCileba n v loyalty,obey/obedience,make
obeisance,serve,submission to sb
morCilebaSi yola v bring sb into submission
morCili adj loyal,obedient,sb in sb‟s power,
be under sb
morwmune n adj believer,faithful,pious
morwmuneoba n faithfulness,piety,religiousness
morwyva(ix.arxi) v n irrigate/irrigation
mosagonari n rememberance,reminder
mosagonrad adv in rememberance of sb/sth
memorials held for sb
vinmes ~ in (loving) memory
mosavali n crops, harvest
125
~kargi
good crop
~mcire
low yield
~uxvi
bumper crop
~cudi
bad yield
~wlis n sing/pl Lat. annona/annonae
misavliani adj fertile (ground)
mosavlianoba n productivity
mosavlis aReba v ger harvest(ing)
~moyvana v ger grow(ing)
mosazreba n argument,assumption,concept
(ion),consideration,idea,interpretation,
judgement,opinion,point of view/view
(point),reflection,statement,theory
mosazRvre adj adjacent,adjoin(ing),border(ing
on area,coterminous
mosaTmeni adj bearable,tolerable
mosalodneli adj anticipated,expectable,predictable,prospective,suspectable
mosalodneloba n probability
mosamzadebeli adj preparatory,preliminary
~periodi
the level of effort
~samuSao
arrangements,spade-work
mosapirkeTebeli adj facing
mosarTavi(ix.cxenis) n lackle,trinket
mosarkuli adj smooth
mosasxami
n cloack,garment,topcoat
~bewvis n stole
=samefo porfiri
n mantle
mosaxerxebeli adj convenient,suitable
mosaxvevi(ix.gzis) n scarf
mosaxle(ix.mcxovrebi) n settler
~mkvidri n husband man, native settler
mosaxleoba n population
~axalmosuli
n newcomer(s)
~damjdari sedentary
~mkvidri
native people
~mosuli
alien
~
~mWidro dense population, overcrowd(ed)
~soflis parish, villagers
~qveSevrdomi subject population
~Sereuli/Wreli heterogeneous/mixed
population
~Warbi
overpopulation/populated
mosaxleobis raodenoba size of population
~raodenoba/sixSire (high) density of ~
~Sereva
demic diffusion
mosaxleobisgan gawmenda v n devastate
(ion)
mosaxseneblad micvalebulis(ix,sakursakurTxi,sulis...) drink/pray in rememberance of the seceased
mosdevs v sth followes sth,sth is followed by
~erTmaneTs
sth is successive
~yvela danarCeni all else followes
mosevadeba(ix.sevada) v ger blue(burnish,
enamel,nieloe)(ing)
mosevadebuli adj blue(blue,burnish,enamel,nieloe)(ed)
mosvla v n ger arrive/arrival,come(ing)
meored ~ second coming
~drois/xalxis v n arrive, arrival
mosilva v ger silt(ing)
mosiluli
adj silted
mosinjva
v n ger examine/explore(ation),
sound(ing),try/trial
mosirmuli adj gold/silver-woven
mospoba v n collapse,extinguish,march upon,
obliterate(ion),remove/removal
mosriale(caze/wyalze)
adj floating
mosuli(mteri/xalxi) n intruder
mosufTaveba v clean out/up, wipe
moswavle(ix.qristesi) n pupil/student;
alumna/alumnae (sing/pl Lat)
mosworeba v ger level(line,surface)(ing)
mosworebuli adj level(line,surface)(ed)
motana v bring in from… fetch,transport
motanili adj brought in from… fetched,
transported
motaceba v abduct,capture,kidnap
motexva
v break away
motexili adj broken away
motexiloba n ger break(ing)
motivi
n motive(ation), theme
~mTavari/wamyvani n key-pattern
motivtive
adj floating
motiral(n)(i) n adj mourner(s),mourning
motyueba v cheat,deceive,impose,jokey
motyuebuli adj deceived
mougvarebeli
adj unresolved
moudrekavi(sulierad) adj unshakable
mouvleli adj unkempt,untidy,neglected
mouvlina... v inflict sth on sb (eg evil)
mouTvinierebeli adj untamed
mouTmeneli
adj impatience
mouTmenlad
adv impatiently
mouTokavi
adj indomitable spirit
moulodnelad adv all of a sudden,suddenly
moulodneli adj abrupt,intrusive,sudden,unexpected,unsuspected
~gamoCena v fleeting/make appearance,come
into existence,turn up
~wawydoma v encounter
moulodneloba n suddenness,uexpectedness
126
moumzadebeli
adj not ready
moumzadeblad
adv abruptly
moumwifebeli adj immature
mouravi n district/region chief
mouqneli adj awkward,clumsy,hard,rigid,
stiff
mouqneloba n awkwardness,clumsiness,
heaviness,hardness,rigidness,stiffness
mouxelTebeli
adj indomitable
mouxerxebeli adj awkward,inconvenient,
undue,unsuitable
mouxerxebloba n disadvantage,inconvenience(n/v)
mouxeSavi adj cumbersome
mouxsenebloba v ger not mention(ing),
omit(ing)
mofareba v hide,shelter from,shield
=ukan gaweva v overshadow
mofarebuli adj hidden,obscure,sheltered
from…
mofarcxva
v ger harrow(ing)
mofena v cover,face,floor,pave
~naTelis v cast(shed,throw) light on/upon,clarify,highlightsth,make sth clear
~naTlis v bless,consecrate,saint,sanctify
mofenili(ix.mogebuli) adj cover(face,floor,pave)(ed)
mofilaqneba v n pave(ment)
mofiqrali
adj thinking,thinker
mofiqreba v develop an idea,elaborate,speculate,think about.after,reason
mofiqrebuli adj thought about/after
mofriale adj floating
mofxeka v scrape
moqanave=kiduli
adj pendulous,tottering
moqandake(kaci/qali) n sculptor(ess)
moqancva v exhaust,override,tire out
moqanculi adj exhausted,tired out
moqargva/moqarguli v adj embroider(ed)
moqiravne n adj hireling
moqloni(s) n v adj rivet
~Tavi
head/top of ~
~moSoreba v ger rerivet(ing)
~naxvreti n rivet hafting/hole
moqmedeba v n act,activity(es),afoot to,function,
operate,interplay
~saomari military operation(s)
~sapasuxo v n react(ion)
~Sewyda v sth ceased to function
moqmedebaSi adv be in operation
moqmedi adj acting,active,current,efficient,valid(still),vigorous
moqnili adj flexible,tempered
moqniloba n facility,flexibility,plasticity
moqceva(ix.zRvis) v n behave,behaviour
~ramisa rameSi v accommodate,place sth
into sth
~CrdilSi v shade
moqcevaÁ v n convert/conversion to faith
moqceuli adj converted
moRalate n adj perfidious,traitor,treacherous
moRalaturad/moRalaturi adv adj deceatfully/deceatful
moRvawe(ix.saxelmwifo) Honored sb
~TvalsaCino eminent figure/sb
~sazogado
public figure/man
moRvaweoba n activity(es),preoccupation
~didi adamianis v flourish
=cxovreba
n affairs,life
moRvaweobis sfero n (in the)realm of…
moRobili adj n enclosed,enclosure,fenced
moRoniereba v n ger inhance(ment), strengthen(ing)
moRorRva v cover with ballast
moRunva
v bend,curve
moRweuli(ix.Cvenamde) adj sth (remained)
extant
moyvana v bring/transport sb
moyvaruli
n adj amateur,lover/loving
moyvasi(s) n neighbour
~siyvaruli love of ~
moyinva/moyinuli v adj freeze/frozen,ice/icy
moyola=mboba v narrate,pour out,retell
moyra ramisa rameze v sprinkle
moSandakeba(ix.kenWebiT)
v ger level(ing)
moSvelieba(paralelis) v cite examples/
parallels
moSvilduli adj arched,bow-shaped
moSinaureba v n ger domesticate(ion),tame
(ing)
moSinaurebuli adj domestic(ated)
moSla v n disrupt(ion),erase,remove/removal
moSoreba(ix.Tavidan,niSnis) v dismantle,
discard,remove/removal,wipe
moSorebuli(ix.Sori) adj removed,taken
away
moSurne(ix.Suriani) n adj envy,envious
moSuSeba v ger heal(ing)
moCarCoeba v border,case,edge,frame
moCarCoebuli adj bordered,cased,edged,
framed
moCveneba n ghost,mirage, pretend (v)
moCvenebiTad adv unsubstantially
moCvenebiTi adj alleged,apparent,elusive,ep-
127
hemeral,mirage,specious,unsubstantial,visionery,weired
moCvenebiToba n elusiveness,visibility
moCiTuli(ix.CiTva) adj printed
moCuqurTmeba
v ger curve(ing)
moCxubari
adj fighting
mocaleoba(mocla/mocliloba) n in one‟s
spare time,at leisure,leisure(time)
mocemuli adj given, offered,present
mocva(mag.sakiTxis) v embrace
mocvarva
v n granulate/granulation
mocvi(s) n adj billberry(blueberry/whimberry),
Vaccinium mirtillus Lat.
mocile
n rival
mocileba=mocla v clean,discard,remove,
wipe
mociqulTa swori(ix.wigni) adj coequal
mociquli(ix.Suamavali) n apostle,disciple
Tormeti ~
The Twelve
moculoba n bulk,capacity,volume
~naSromis
length of paper
moculobiTi adj solid,space,by volume,volumetric
mocxari(s) n adj currant(bush), Ribes ssp
~Savi n adj black ~ Ribes nigrum Lat.
~wiTeli n adj red ~ Ribes rubrum Lat.
moZalade n offender
moZaleba=raodenobis mateba v ger add/
increase(ing)
moZebna=moZieba
v adduce,look/seek for
moZvelebuli
adj antiquated,obsolete
moZravi adj mobile,movable,migratory,portable
moZraoba v n circulate/navigate(ion),gesture
motion,move(ment)
~ramisken v ger inch(ing),itch(ing)
moZRvari n clergyman,pastor,priest
=aRmzrdeli n master,mentor,metre,tutor
ezoÁs moZRvari Father procurator/procuratoris (n sing/pl Gr)
~sulieri n confessor
moZRvreba n conception,doctrine,teaching(s)
moZRvroba
n tutorship
mowadinebuli adj anxious,keen to do/on
doing
mowamvla=sawamlavi v n infect,poison
mowame
n martyr
pirvel ~ proto martyr
mowafe(ix.moswavle)
n pupil,student
mowernaqeba(ix.wernaqi) v angobe/angobage,dip in(to) a slip,raddle=ruddle
mowesrigeba v n adjust(ment),discipline,get/
keep sth in order,handle sth,rectify,
spurse, stabilize(ation)
~urTierTobebis establish relations
mowesrigebuli
adj discipline(establish,
stabilize(ed),kept in order,rectified
mowesrigebuloba n accuracy
mowva v anneal
~medicinaSi
cautery
mowveva v n convoke,essemble,invite/invita
tion,summon
mowvna(ix.mownuli) v plait
mowinaaRmdege
n v adj sb competing sb,
con(tra) sb,counter..,opponent,rival,insurgent
mowinave adj n advanced,leader/leading
mowinwkvla v splash
mowifuli(ix.ostati) adj adult,advanced,
mature
mowiweba n v awe
mowme(ix.TviTmxilveli) n v witness
mowmoba n v certificate
mownuli adj basketry,cane,wattle,wicker
(work)
mowodeba v n call on sb (to do sth),proclaim/
proclamation,provide
mowoneba v n be keener on sth,favour,gain favor,like,please
mowyaleba n benefaction,charity,clemency,favour,grace,mercy
~ RvTisa
(by the) grace of God
mowyalebav(Tqveno) your Grace!
mowyale(d) adj adv gracious(ly)
mowyvladi adj vulnerable
mowyoba v administer,arrange,make,organize,
repair,run sth,set up
~ xelaxla v n re-establish(ment)
mowyobili adj arranged,organized,run
mowyobiloba n arrangement,device,equipment(s),facilities,fitment(s),gear,outfit,
tackle
mowyurebulad adv insatiably
mowyurebuli(ix.saqmes) adj insatiable,thirsty
~swavlas adj acquisitive,mind(ed)
mowyurebuloba n insatiability
moWedva(ix.lursmnebiT) v ger bind(hammer,hoop)(ing)
moWediloba(ix.xatis) n mantle
moWera v n squeeze, tighten
moWerilad adv tightly
moWerili adv tight
moWiquli adj glazed
moWra(ix.medlis,monetis) v cut away
moWyleta v squeeze
128
mraval... pref many… multy… poly…
~kuTxa/kuTxedi adj
polygonal
~mxrivi adj versatile
~oTaxiani adj multyroomed
~Jamier n adv
Polychronion (Gr)
~saTavsoiani adj multychambered
~saukunovani adj centuries old
~safexuriani adj many/multy staged
~saxeoba n diversity/variety of shapes
~saxovani adj many sided/shaped
~sxiva
adj many beamed
~feniani adj multy-layer
~feri adj fency,many colored,multiply
colors,polychrome
~ferovani adj diverse,diversified,varied,
bevildering,variegated,variety,various
~ferovneba n diversity/variety of sth,mixed character of sth,complexity
~fexiani adj polypod
~figuriani adj many-figured
~foTliani/furcliani adj multy-petalled
~friziani adj multyfrieze
~RmerTianoba n polytheism
~Sriani adj manylayered
~ZarRva(si) n adj plaintain,Plantago lanceolata Lat.
~ZarRviani adj multiple
~waxnaga adj manysided,multy-facet,polyhedral/polyhedron
~wveriani adj multy-pointed
~wliani adj sth lasting/standing (for) many years
~jer
adv for many times
mravlad adv abundantly
mravlismetyveli adj eloquent
mravlismomswre(a)sty holds more of (N...X
centuries) history
mrboli=mqroli adj flying, running
mrgval-brtyeli adj lentiform,lentoid
mrgvalad adv in round
mrgvali(ix.firfita) adj circular,round(ed)
~guli (samosze) round neck
mrevli n congregation,flock,fold,the parish
mrevlis gaZRola v take up parish duties
~wevri
n layman/woman
mrewveli n manufacturer
mrewveloba v industry, manufacture
mrisxane adj fearsome,irate,severe,stern
mrisxaneba
n rage, severeness
mrokavi
adj dancing
mrudi adj curve, oblique,stud
moxazva v delineate,mark,outline,trace
moxazuloba n circuit of,configuration,contotour,deliniation,lay out,outline,shape,tracing
moxalise n amateur, volunteer
moxarke n tributary
moxarul(n)i var(T) (we) appriciate…
moxatva/moxatuloba v n paint(ing)
~xelaxla v ger repaint(ing)
moxatuli(ix.SeRebili)
adj painted
moxdena v happen,take place,turn up
moxdenilad adv aptly,engagingly,fittied/
fittingly,gracefully
moxdenili adv graceful
moxdeniloba
n elegance,grace
moxele n clerk,official,officer
moxerxebuli adj apt,comfortable,convenient,efficient,prompt,quiver
moxerxebuloba
n convenience,facility
moxetiale adj fugitive,nomadic, wandering
moxveWa(ix.saxelis) v gain, win
moxibvla(ix.mojadoeba) v allure,bewitch,
conjure up,impress
~silamaziT/WkuiT v captivate
moxilva(ix.Zeglebis) v n explore(ation),
survey
moxmara=moxmareba v n consume/consumption,employ(ment),exploit(ation),help,use
moxmoba
v call
~sabuTis v n adduce(ment),refer(ence)
moxra v bend,curve,flex,warp
moxreSva v n gravel
moxrili(ix.adamiani) adj bent,warped
moxseneba v n account, inform(ation), report
=sityva
n speech
=sityviT gamosvla give ~ to sb
moxsenieba v n commemorate(ion),mention/m
make a mention(ing), note
~naSromSi v n refer(ence) to sb
~raime saxeliT note sb/sth under N name
moxsna=moxda v dismantle,take off,uncover
moxucebuloba n old age,declining years
moxuci n adj aged sb,aged,old
~Rrmad adj elderly
moxSireba v frequenting
mojadoeba(ix.moxibvla) v n bedevil,bewitch
conjure up,enchant,witch(craft),wizard(ry)
mojadoebuli(ix.wre) adj bewitch/enchant
(ed),conjured up
mpyrobeli n possessor, sovereign
mJava n acid(acidification,acidify,acidity)
mJave adj acid, sour
mJauna(si) n adj sorrel=Rumax acetosa (Lat)
129
mrudxzovani adj curviliniar
mrCeveli n advisor,consultant,councellor
mrwamsi
n the Creed
msazRvreli n modifier
msaxureba v n serve, service
msaxureuli didebulni service class
msaxurTuxucesi n butler
msaxuri
n servant/maid
msajuli n judge
msgavsad... adv correspondingly,like(wise)
sb/sth,after sb, (sth) in an echo to sth
msgavseba n affinity,correspondence,equality,
identity,likeness to,likelyhood,parallelism,
resemblance,sameness,similarity, ties
msgavsi adj counterpart,equivalent to,identical,homogeneous,near,related,sth resembling sth,similar,sth bears similarities to sth
msgavsni
adj the like
msubuqad adv lightly;
msubuqi adj insubstantial,light,not heavy
msurveli n applicant
msuqani adj ample body,stout
msxverpli n prey,sacrifice,toll,victim
~usisxlo
bloodless victim
msxverplSewirva v n immolate(ion),make/
ordain sacrifice
~adamianis
human sacrifice
~usisxlo
bloodless ~
msxvili adj bold,large,stout,thick
msxvreva
v crush,ram,smash
msxali/msxlis n adj pear
~formis adj pear-shaped, puriform
msxlisebr wagrZelebuli adj oblonged
like pear
msjavrdebuli n adj convict, sentenced
msjavri n conviction, sentence
msjeloba v n discuss(ion)
mtanjveli adj harrowing,tantalizing
mtacebeli n adj predator
mtevani(ix.xelis) n bunch,cluster
mteri n enemy,foe,hostile,rival
~dauZinebeli bitter(tireless/untiring enemy
~mosuli n intruder
~Sida/Sinauri
enemy within
mtveri/mtvris n adj dust
~mcenaris
n adj pollen
mtvradqceuli adj poudered,pulverized
mtvreva v n batter,beat,break(age),crush,mash,ram,tamp
mtvrevadi adj brittle,fragile,rachis
mtvriana
n anther
mtvriani
adj dusty
mtkice(ix.sabuTi) adj firm,enduring,reliable,
resolute,secure,sound,sturdy,substantial,
tenacious,unshaken
mtkiceba v argue,claim as,contendsth,posit,
prove,state
~xelaxla v n restate(ment)
mtkicebuleba n claim,evidence,proof,statement,testimony
tkiced adv allegedly,be adhered to,firmly,
resolutely,staunchly,strongly
mtredi n dove
mtroba(ix.memkvidreobiTi) n v enmity,
hostility,rival(ry)
mtrulad/mtruli adv adj envious(ly),hostile
muguzali n brand,coal of fire,charred wood
mudara v entreat,plead
mudmiv adv always,in perpetuity
mudmiva n continuum
mudmivad adv constantly,continuously,currently,ever,invariably,regularly,steadily,
without break
mudmivi(ix.cecxli) adj constant,continu(ing)
continuous,(ever)lasting,invariable,long-lived,permanent,perpetual,persistant,regular
mudmivmoqmedi(ix.eqspedicia) adj adv permanent(ly)
mudmivoba n permanence,regularity
mueZini n muezzin
muzaradi
n helmet
~wvetiani
spiked ~
muzeum-qalaqi n museum city/town
muzeumi(ix.gamofena) n museum
~mxareTmcodneobis provincial/site ~
~Ria cis qveS open-air ~
muzeumis(ix,samuzeumo,xelSeuvali) adj
museum‟s
~eqsponati
n museum piece
~vitrina
n (show)case, vitrine (Fr)
~meTvalyure n custodian
~mcveli
n keeper
~ ~ seifis
n treasurer
~fondsacavi n museum‟s holdings(reserve
storage)
muTaqa
n bolser
mulaJi n plaster cast
mumia
n mummy
mumiis keTeba v n mummify/mummification
mundStuki(ix.cxenis) n cigarette-holder
murvi(s)
n adj glaze
muri(s)(ix.Semurva) n adj lamp-black,soot
=nelsacxebeli
n adj myrrh
muryani/murynis=Txmela/Txmelis n adj
130
alder-tree=Alnus (Lat)
murynari n alder-tree thicket
musika(ix.saero)
n music
musikaluri(ix.sakravi,yuTi) adj musical
musikosi n musician
muslimi n adj Moslem
mufTa/muftis n adj coupling sleeve,ferrule
mufti n Mufti
muqara v n ger brandishing,threat(en)
muqi(ix.feri)
adj bold,dark
muSa n labourer,worker
~dRiuri n day worker
~piri(mag.danis) n working end
~pirutyvi
beast of burden
~uvargisi/Savi n pedlar
muSamba/muSambis n adj oil-cloth
muSaoba v ger function/work(ing)
muSaxeli
n laborer, manpower
muceli(ix.cxovelis.WurWlis) n stomach
muWi n cupped hand
~raime mag.fqvili n handful
muxa/muxis n adj oak-tree=Quercus (Lat)
muxlamde
adv knee-length, up to knee
~siRrme
knee-deep
muxli
n knee
~gvarSi
n rod
muxliani
adj crank,elbow-shaped
muxlis modreka v n genuflect(ion),go down on one‟s knees
muxlmodrekili
adj genuflected
muxluxa/muxluxi adj n caterpillar
muxnari n oak-tree thicket
muxudo(si) n adj pea
~iisferi n adj parple ~
mujira(ix.Subispiri,wverwamocmuli) n
lancehead
mfarveli n patron,protective,protector,the
Good Shepherd
mfarveloba v n protect(ion)
mfeTqavi adj beating,palplable,throbbed,vibrant
mflobeli n holder,laird of sth,owner,possessor,proprietor
mflobelisTvis dabruneba v n revert,reversion
mflobeloba n domain, ownership
mfrinavi adj flying
mqadagebeli n preacher
mqadagebloba v ger preach(ing)
mqargveli
n embroiderer,needle-woman
mqmneli
n creator
mqone v adj n bearing..,having..,owner
mqselavi n warp winder
mqsoveli n knitter, weaver
mqrqali(ix.feri) adj dull, mat
mRelvare adj exciting,impassionate,turbulent
mRelvareba n excitement,riot,turbulence,tumult,unrest
mRera
v ger sing(ing)
mRvdeli(ix.Rirsi) n clergyman,divine,priest
~ziarebis mimRebi n celebrant
mRvdelmTavari(ix.taxti)n chief priest,High
Priest,(arch)bishop,metropolitan
mRvdelmTavris sataxto
n cathedral
mRvdelmsaxureba n religious right/service
mRvdlis samosi n cope,vestment
~Semosva/samoseli v n sacred vestments
~xarisxi
n curacy
~xeldasma v ordain
Rvime
n hollow,rock,shelter
~karstuli
n cave
~xelovnuri
n grotto
mRvimeli n hermit
mRvimovani adj area with many caves,honeycombed
mRvrie(ix.feri) adj dull
myarad
adv firmly
~damkvidreba establish ~
myari(ix.safuZveli) adj constant,consistent,firm,solid,substantial
~sakvebi n pl solids
myvinTavi
n diver
myviraloba n belling/rutling time
myinvari n glacier
myinvaruli(ix.xana)
adj glacial
myisierad adv immediately
myisieri adj immediate
myife
adj brittle, frgile,friable
mynoba(ix.kalami)
v ger graft(ing)
myrala=skunsi(cxoveli) n skunk, Mephitis
Lat.
~ balaxi(s) n adj skinking weed
myudro=mSvidi
adj homely
mSenebeli n builder
mSenebloba(ix.Seneba) v n building (actitivities),engineering,construct(ion)(ing)
~gabneuli/uwesrigo rambling building
mSeneblobis gaCaReba burst of construction
~kanoni/wesi code of building
~meTodi construction method
~teqnika n construction technique
mSvenieri adj delicate,delicious,delightful,elegant,fine,lovely,nice,pretty,semi-fine,
sheen,splendid
131
adv delicately,deliciously,finely,
fairly,in a remarkable way,lovinly,nicely,prettily,well
mSvidad adv quietly, peacefully
mSvidi adj homely,pacific,peaceful
mSvidoba n consolation,peace
mSvidobiani adj pacific,peace(ful/loving)
mSvidobiT adv peacefully
=damSvidobeba
forewell
=micvalebulTan
be/sleep in piece
mSvidobismoyvare
adj pacific
mSvidobismyofeli
n peace-maker
mSvild-isari
n bow and arrow
mSvilda
adj bow-shaped
mSvildi
n bow
~daWimuli drawn ~
Svildosani n archer, bowman
mSvildosnoba n archery
mSvildsakinZi n bow-shaped pin,fibula/
fibulae(Lat)
~arbaleturi cross-bow fibula
~budeabmuli ~ with a fastened catch plate
~budeakecili ~ with a urned up ~
~
~bologadagrexili/gadawnuli ~ with a
twisted end
~gadajvaredinebulrkaliani crossbow
~gvela
serpentine fibula
~diskosebri
disk
~
~zurgamokecili/idayvisebri elbowed ~
~TiTa
finger-like ~
~mTlianadnaWedi one piece hammered ~
~morkaluli/rkalisebri
ark bow
~mSvildakiani/xemiani bow-shaped fibula
~muxlzambariani ~ with a spring
~navisebri
boat-like ~
~nemsabmuli
~ with fastened pin
~orzambariani ~ with two springs
~ornawiliani
two-piece ~
~spiralisebri
spiral ~
~sxivana
beamed ~
~urCxulisebri
dragon ~
~qnarisebri
harp/lyra-shaped ~
~Cveulebrivi
violine bow
~wurblisebri
leech fibula
~Wvintiani
~ with long sharp tie
~jvrisebri
cross-like ~
mSvildskinZis bude
n catch-plate
~
~ grZeli elongated ~
~
~ diskosebri disk ~
~
~ Sverilebiani knobbed ~
~
~ oCofexa SesakraviT stilt ~
~ zambara
n psring
~ nemsi/ena n peg, pin
~ rkali
n bow
mSobeli
n parent
mSobiaroba v give birth,have a baby
~cxovelis
v calve
mSobiarobisas adv in childbirth
mSobliuri adj native,parent,vernacular
mSrali
adj arid, dessicated,dry
=gvalviani arid period
~naxevrad adj semiarid
mSralxevi n aridity,dry/shallow gully
mCagvreli n exploitator
mCagvreluri adj exploitative
mCiTavi
n linen printer
mCxibavi n sorcerer/sorceress
mcdari adj erroneous,fallacious,misleading,
mistaken
mcdaroba n error,sth erring towards sth,fallacy
mcdeloba n attempt,effort,endeavor
mcenare/mcenaris(ix.qarva) n adj plant
~bolqviani
n clove
~zeTovani oil-yielding plant
~mravalwliani perennial ~
~namyeni
grafted ~
~parkosani
leguminous ~
~saTesle
seed ~
~sakvebad vargisi edible ~ , wild ~food
~samkurnalo/sanelebeli herb(s)
~saRebavis
dye-plant
~teqnikuri
industrial crops
~xeze gasuli arboreal(vegetation)
mcenaris dargva(ix.fisi) v plant
~movla v nurture
~rbilobi(s) n adj pith
~saTesle parki
n pericarp
~qerqi
n bark, cortex
~Canasaxi
n germ
mcenareuli adj floral,vegetable,vegetational
~naSTi
floral/plant remains
~safari forest cover, vegetation
~saRebavi vegetable dye
mcenareuloba
n plants,vegetation
mcveli n guard(ian)
mcirdeba v sth becomes less/small(er),diminishes
mcire adj diminutive,meager,minute,minor,
negligible,not copious/great,peddle,
petty,restricted,small,slight,scanty
~azia n West Asia,Asia Minor
~masStabiani adj small-scale
~moculobis adj small volume
mSvenivrad
132
~nivTi
n
bagatelle
~plastika minor art
~ram fine
~figuruli
small figured
mcirericxovani adj less numerous,few/
very low in number
mcirewlovani
n adj juvenile
mcneba n commandment,precept
mcodne n expert,knowledgable about,learned,enlightened,connoisseur (Fr)
mcoxneli n adj ruminant
mcuravi adj floating,swimming
=gveli
n snake
mcxovrebi(ix.mosaxle) n dweller,habitant,
occupant, resident,settler
~pirveli
n the iriginal(s)
mZarcveli
n burglar,plunderer,robber
mZafri adj aspiring,intence,sharp,violent
mZebneli n searcher
mZevali
n hostage
mZerwavi n modeler,sculptor
mZvinvare
adj irate,severe
mZvinvareba n storm of in anger
mZivi(s) n adj bead
~bikonusuri
doubleconoid ~
~
~
grZeli
long ~ ~
~bipiramiduli double-pyramid ~
~borblisebri
wheel-shaped ~
~gamyofi/Sualeduri (inter)spacer ~
~gaxvretili holed,pierced,pricked ~
~dabalcilindruli biconvex/lozengeshaped ~
~dawaxnagebuli
diamond-shaped ~
~ ~ burTula faceted ball-shaped ~
~daxeTqili/napobi
chopped ~
~dekoratiuli
decorative ~
~dominosebri dominoshaped ~
~elifsuri
elliptic(al) ~
~Tvaledi
netted
~
~ToTxmetwaxnaga
fourteen-faceted ~
~iota
minute ~
~kasrisebri
barrel-shaped ~
~kvadratuli
square ~
~konusuri
conocal ~
~laqebiani
spotted ~
~linzisebri
lens-shaped ~
~milakisebri
tubular ~
~minis
bugles ~
~mogrZo-oTxkuTxa
rectangle ~
~movercxlili
silvered ~
~
~
Signidan inner silverplated ~
~mooqrovili
gilded ~
~
~ Signidan inner gold-plated ~
~moWiquli
glazed ~
~mrgval-brtyeli
discoid ~
~mrgval-wakveTili
lentoid ~
~msxlisebri
hub/pear-shaped ~
~ovaluri
ovoid ~
~oTxmagi xvia quadruple spiral ~
~rkalisebri
ring-shaped ~
~rombisebri
rhomboid ~
~sartylis
type-setting belt set
~sferuli dawaxnagebuli ribbed ballshaped
~sferuli
ball-shaped ~
~feradi
oloured ~
~futuro/fuye
hollow ~
~Semkrebi
junction ~
~Sewyvilebuli
twinned ~
~Sindis kurkisebri
dateshaped ~
~Sualeduri spacer ~
~calmxriv gaxvretili ~ pricked at one
end
~cilindruli
cylindrical ~
~waxnagebian-ormagkonusuri faceted
double conoid ~
~waxnagebiani
faceted ~
mZivis asxmula(ix.abma) n strand of beads
~gaxvreta v prick
~naxvreti n eye-let
mZivisebri adj beaded
mZivniRabi n mask-bead
mZivsakidi n pendant/pennant
mzivsamkauli n beaded design
mZivfoCi
n fringe
mZime(ix.samuSao) adj cumbersome,hard,heavy,massive
mZimed
adv hard,heavily
mZlavrad adv prominenetly
Zlavri(ix.simZlavre) adj extensive,intense,
powerful,prominent,strong,substantial,
vigo(u)r
mZlavroba v n dominate/domination
mZori(ix.cxovelis) n corpse, dead body
mware(d) adj adv bitter(ly),poignant(ly)
mwarmoebeli(ix.centri) n manufacturer,
producer,productive
mwarmoebloba n efficiency
mwarmoebluri adj efficient
mwde n cup-bearer
mweri(ix.qarva)
n insect
mwerali(ix.karis,sakaro) n novelist,scribe,
writer
~gamoCenili/didi n august,celebrity
133
mwvave(ix.umwvavesi)
adj burning, sharp
mwvalebeli/mwvalebluri n adj heretic(al)
mwvalebloba(ix.eresi) n heresy
mwvanili n herb(s)
mwvervalze adv at the summit
mwvervali n peak,pinnacle,summit,top
~ganviTarebis
heyday=hey day,in sb‟s
peak,peak of sth,at the apex of…
didebis ~ on the height of pinnacle
~mag. poeziis high water mark
=simaRle n apex
~civilizaciis high-water mark of civilization
mwignobari(ix.sefe)
n scholar
mwiri(ix.beri) adj meagre,poor,scanty,scattered,sketchy,sparce
=adamiani
n pilgrim,roamer,wanderer
~codna
nugatory/slight knowledge
=cota adj scant(y)
mwife(ix.simwife)
adj ripe
mwifobisa(ix.oqtomberi,tiriskani,Rvinobisa,sTvlisa) n October
mwkrivad adv empaneled
mwkrivi
n array,file,line,ridge,row
mwkrivSi adv in line, sth in a row
~gatareba
v gantlet=gauntlet
mwolare adj lying,reclining
~gverdze adv lying on one‟s side
~zurgze adv backwards, on one‟s back
~naxevrad adv
reclined
~pirqve adv prone,lying with face down
(wards)
mwuxareba v n grieve,grief
mwuxarebis gamoTqma v express condolence on
mwuxri(ix.locva) n twilight
mwyemsva v herd,shepherd, take care
mwyemsi(ix.menaxire,mecxvare) n shepherd
~keTili=ieso Good Shepherd
mwyemsmTavari n clergyman
mwyemsoba n pastoralism,herdind
mwyemsuri adj pastoral,posture
mwyobrad adv neatly
mwyobri
adj coherent, smooth,neat
mwyurvali adj thirsty
mWada(soko)(si) n adj Lactarius determinus
mWedeli(ix.mesaWurvle)
n blacksmith
mWedloba n blacksmithary
mWevrmetyvelad adv eloquently
mWevrmetyveleba
n eloquency,oratory
mWevrmetyveli adj eloquent,expressive,significant,most telling
mWevrmetyveluri adj sth the most telling
mWide=mWidi(ix.masa/masala) adj binding,
cementing,viscous
mWidro adj close,dence,tight,tough
~kavSiri n be in lockstep with sb
mWidrod adv closely,contiguously,densely,
hard packed,intimately,tightly,thickly
mWirxne(d)
adj adv close fitting,very close,
rigid(ly),tight(ly)
mWreli(ix.piri) adj cut(slash,spal)(ing)
mxazveli n draughtsman/woman
mxali/mxlis=fxali n adj wild plant
mxalSava(TeTryvavila,laSqara.Savbalaxa
comfrey,Symphytum/Officinale gen. Lat.
mxardamWeri adj n supporting,supporter,
sustainable
mxardamxar adv adj shoulder to shoulder
mxardaWera v n aid,acknowledge,back,endorse(ment),encourage(ment),maimtain/maintenance,make a commitment,retain(ment)
support,sustain
mxardaWeriT
adv with the support of sb
mxare n face,side,part
~gare external face, outer part/side
~orive (on) each/either side
~sapirispiro contrarywise
~susti
weak place/point
~Zlieri
strong ~
~
~ukana
rear part
~Sida
internal face,inner part/side
~wina
front part/side
mxari(ix.Zvali,WurWlis)
n shoulder
~daqanebuli
drooping ~
mxaris(ix.dedaqalaqi) adj cantonal,provincial,regional
~daWera rameSi
shore up sth for sb
mxarSi dgoma v n endorse,stand up for sb,
support
mxatvari(ix.fiTxi,xatis) n artist,draughtsman/woman,painter/intress (qali/kaci)
~ilustratori n illuminator
mxatvarTuxucesi
n Gr. archizographos
mxatvroba(ix.portreti,scenis) n the arts,
artistry
mxatvrulad adv artistically
mxatvruli adj artistic,picturesque,scenic
~aRwera artistic description
~gamosaxva v express artistically
~gamosaxuleba n artistic expression
~gaformeba v n artistic setting
~literatura n imaginative literature
~saxe
artistic design
134
~Semoqmedeba
~xelosnoba
mxatvruloba
mxatvrulobis
~ creativity
~
craftsmanship
n artistry, picturesquesness
TvalsazrisiT adv artistically
mxedarTa wodeba n knight estate
~wodebis wevri(kaci/qali) n equestrian/equestrienne
mxedari(ix.cxenosani,Wadrakis,javSnosani
n equestrian,horseman/woman,knight,
rider
mxedarmTavari
n commander, war-lord
mxedveloba n sight
mxedvelobaSi miReba v n notate/notation
take sth into account/consideration
mxedvelobiTi adj visual
mxedris qandakeba equestrian statue
mxedroba n cavalry,horse-riding aristocracy,
military men,warrior society
mxedruli(ix.damwerloba) adj martial,
military
mxevali(ix.xadumi) n attendant,handmaiden,
mxerxavi
n sawyer
mxeci(ix.nadiri) n beast,wild(life)
mxecsaxe=nadirsaxe
adj zoomorphic(al)
mxvnel-mTesveli n tiller
mxvneli
n ploughman
mxlebeli(ix.mxevali)
n attendant
mxolodSobili adj only begotten,single
mxrebisken mimarTuli(sagnis) adj tangetinal
mxsneli(ix.ufali) n rescuer
mxurvale dj fervent,hot,heating,impassionate
mxurvaleba n v ember(s), heat
mxcovani adj old and eminent,venerable
mjdomare(ix.cxenze) adj seated,sb in a ~
position
mjobni yvelasi adj pre-eminent
nagazi n sheep-dog, wolf-hound
nagebi adj built/constructed by/of
~mkvidrad adj
well-built
nageboba(ix. saxli) n arrangement,building,
construction,complex,structure
~arasacxovrebeli nondomestic building
~arxebiviT saZirkvliT channeled ~
~gadbmuli oTaxebiT ~ with a row of intervened rooms
~gamagrebuli buttressed structure
~gamZle sturdy building/construction
~gverdiTi contiguous ~ ~
~damatebiTi adjust/adjacent ~ ~
~damwvari burnt ~ ~
~damxmare
supporting structure
~ergatiuli ergative structure
~TavdacviTi n casemate
~iaqTaRiani(gare) externally buttressed
structure
~
~
(Sida) internally ~ ~
~kazematuri casaemate construction
~mTavari/ZiriTadi main building
~mTaze mikruli building perched on slope/
side of a mountain
~mTidan gadmokidebuli ~ perched in
~mTis wverze ~ perched on top of a ~
~mierTebuli
adjoined/adjoining ~
~mimRebi n receptacle
=minaSeni sxva nagebobaze lean-to construction=shed
~mkvidri
well-built ~
~msubuqi
light building/structure
~orboZiani
two-spindled ~ ~
~ormaliani
two-flenghted ~ ~
~orsenakiani
double chamber ~ ~
~safortifikacio enceinte structure
~senakisebri cell-like/plan building/hut
~skisebri beehive construction
~ukoWo
beam/girdles ~ ~
~frTebiani wing corridor house
~qoxisebri hut-like structure
~Semkvreli agglunative ~
~wyvili twin ~
~xis CarCoiani timber-framed building
~hilanis tipis Hilani type ~
nagebobani n pl installations
~dakavSirebuli erTmaneTTan ZiriTadi
birTviT clustertype=clustering/clusterity
~erTmaneTTan konstruqciulad dakavSirebuli agglunating/agglunative
nagebobis kuTxisa da fuZis morTuloba
(ix.Senobis) corner and base moulding
n
naadrevi
adj early(er)
naazrevi n interpretation
naambobi n adj narrated,narration,narrative
naanderZevi adj bequeathed,left to sb by sb
nabadi n (Caucasian) felt cloack
naberi adj blaster,(wind)blown,swell,swollen
nabeWdi adj (re)print-ed,typed
nabiZgebi adj triggered by sb/sth
nabij-nabij adv point after point,step by
step,inch(ing) towards sth
naboZebi(ix.boZeba)
adj granted
nagavi(ix.samzareulos,samSeneblo) n
garbage,midden,refuse,rubbish
135
~agebuleba n fabric, texture
~nawilebis gamagreba v n reinforce(ment)
~zeda zRvari upper bed
~qveda
~
lower bed
nagvemi adj hurt(ed)
nagverduli(s)(ix.ficari) n adj slab
nagvis grova n midden
~ormo n cesspool/pit,rubbish pit
nagleji(ix.lodi,qva) n adj a piece of sth
(eg cloth),coursing,crushed
nagorebi adj rolled
nagrami=Svili n sing/pl offspring
nadavli(ix.naqurdali,omis)=nanadirevi
n bag,booty,catch
nadebi(ix.naleqi,nafifqi) n dregs,patina,
sediment
nadimi n banquit,feast,regale,symposium/symposii (n sing/pl Lat)
nadiri(ix.mxeci) n beast,wild animal
nadiroba n v ger hunt(ing),prey
=scena
hunt scene
nadnobi(s)(ix.wida) n adj smelting
~narCeni n pl usu. casting remains
navali adj beaten track
navaraudevi adj conjectural,inferred,presumed,supposed
navardi v n gallop
navi(s) n adj boat
~formis adj naviform
~cxviri n bow,prow
navisebri
adj boat-shaped
navmisadgomi n quay
navsadguri(sayudeli/misadgomi) n bay,
harbor area/side,quay
~baJi
harbour dues
~savaWro port of trade
nazavi adj n mixed, mixture
nazeli
adj kneaded, pugged
nazi adj delicate,flimsy,insubstantial,subtle,
tender
nazmatyliani adj fine-haired
nazoli(ix.nakeri)
n champer,joint
~Tarazuli bed-joint
naTali(ix.tlanqad) adj sculptured,trimmed
naTel-mironi n relationship of god-parents
to godparents
naTelmosili adj radiant,resplendent
naTelmxilveli
n clairvoyant
naTeli adj apparent,bright,clear,explicit,intelligible,light(ed),luminous,manifest,obvious,
ostensible,overt,precise,pure,radiant,vivid
~wmindanis n sing/pl Lat. nimbus/nimbi
naTeli naTlisa
Light of Light
naTesavebi/naTesaoba n kindered
naTesavi(ix.sisxliT)
n kin, relative
~sisxliT cognate,kin(sman.ship)
~uaxloesi closest/immediate relative
naTesaoba(ix.gvariT,sisxliT) n kinship,
relations among/between
~ramesTan bear affinity with sth
~sulieri n affinity
naTesauri(ix.sisxliT)
adj akin
~siaxlove n affinity, kinship
naTesi n pl usu. siftings
~gazafxulis
sewn field
~Semodgomis
winter ~
~gamxmari withered
naTvla=naTloba v n ger baptize/baptism,
christen(ing)
=wyliT v n immerse/immersion
naTlad adv actually,clearly,definitely,explicitely,ostensibly,soundly,vividly
~ikiTxeba sth is clearly read/properly faced
naTlia=naTlimama/deda n god-father/
mother
naTlimamoba n favouritism,nepotism
naTlismcemeli n the Baptist/Christener
naTlisReba n ger christening
=dResaswauli n
Epiphany
naTlisRebis wina dRe Twelfthnight=eve of
the Twelfth night
naTlobis miReba v be baptized/christened
~saxeli
font name
~wveuleba
christening party
naTluli(vaJi/qali) n god-son/daughter
nairgvaroba n wealth of shapes
nairsaxeoba n offshoot,speciality in sth,variety of sth
nairferi(ix.feri) adj sth of diverse colour
nairferoba(ix.siWrele) n mixed character
of sth
nakadi(ix.wylis) n flow,stream,watercourse,
current
nakaduli n (mountain) stream
nakarnaxevi adj dictated by sb/sth,(as) suggested
nakafi n adj abates=abattis,clearing
nakawri n adj abrasion,scratch,chipped,combed
nakeTebi=nakeTi(ix.uxeSad) adj devised,
done,made,modeled
nakeTebi adj done,made,worked
nakeToba(ix.xis) n device, a piece of work
nakeli(s)
n adj (animal) dung,stallage
136
~soko n Lat. Sordaria Neurospora
nakeri(ix.nazoli,xazi) n adj joint,seam,
sewn
~Tarazuli(gadabmisas) n bed-joint
nakecebiani=nakecebiT adj appliated skirt,
drapery,(with)folds
nakeci(ix.naRuni) n adj bend(ing)/bent,tuck
nakeWni n adj v notch
nakvalevze adv in the wake of sth
nakvalevi(ix.urmis) n imprint,scars,trace,
track,vestige
nakveTi adj cut,faceted,incised,modeled,worked up
~amokveTili adj engraved,pecked
~kargad(ix.tlanqad,uxeSad) neatly cut
~miwis n area, plot,quarter
~ ~ nagebobebiT n farmstead
~reliefurad n glyph
nakvercxali/nakvercxlis n adj brand
~minavlebuli n adj ember
nakvTebi(ix.saxis) n pl points,traits
~wakveTili pitched features
nakleboba n infrequency,lack of sth,scarcity
deficiency,shortage,sparsity
nakli(ix.siave,codva) n defect,fault,flaw,lack/miss of sth,drawback,scar,
shortcoming(s),vice
naklovanebani n pl disadvantages,incompletenses
nakluli adj incomplete,lack of sth,sth is lacking/missing
nakrebi adj n assemblage,collected/collection,set(of sth),mounting,suite,corpus/corpora( n sing/pl) Lat
nakrialebi adj glazwd,glossyt,lustrous,polished
nakrZali n conservation park/woodland,
(p)reserve
nakurTxiadj Holy,blessed,consecrated,sacred
naleqi n dregs,pluvial,rain(s),rainy covditions,
snowfall(s),sediment
~brinjaoze n patina
naleqiani adj pluvious
naleqis mosvla v n precipitate,precipitation
nali(s) n adj (horse)shoe
~Sverili
n calk
nalia n barn, corn-drying,granary,hopper
nalisebri adj horseshoe-shaped
nalo n slide rails for rolling in/out
naloliavebi adj cherished,nourished
namarxi
adj fossilized
namgala
adj crescent(al)
namgali/namglis n adj reaping hook,sickle
~CasarTi sickle-bush/inset
namdvilad adv actually,certainly,clearly,definitely,genuinely,really,truly
namdvili(ix.ambavi,wevri) adj actual,authentic,genuine,natural,original,real,sheer,true
namdviloba n authenticity
nameti adj (sth) surplus (of sth)
namzadi(s) n half/semi-finished article/product,sketch,blanck
~keTeba v rough out
namkali(ix.nawverali) n harvest
namori(s) n adj beam,casemate,cast,round
billet(timber)
namosaxlari(s)(ix.nasadgomari,nasaxlari
n habitation site,occupation,settlement
~adreuli earlier occupation
~ganadgureba/ganadgurebuli v n adj
devastate/devastation,devastated
~gaCnda/daarsda occupation/settlement
grew up
~gora settlement mound
~kide n fringe(s)
~mogviano latter occupation
~mravalfeniani multy-layer/tiered settlement
~mWidrod dasaxlebuli ~ teeming with
residents
~simZlavre n intensity
~sxivebad radial settlement
~jgufad clustered ~
namoqmedari n activities/doing traces of sb
namsxvrevi/namtvrevi n chip,piece,scrap,shred/shred,splinter
~qanis n debris
namsxvrevebi n pl breakage,debris
~wvrili small scale pieces
namtvrevi(ix.namsxvrevi) adj chipped,chopped,crushed
namuSevari(ix.reliefuri) n piece of work,
product,work done
~mxatvruli artistic piece(s)
~SemoqmedebiTi creative work(s)
namyeni(ix.kalami) n adj grafted plant
namceci(s) n adj crumble
namwvi(ix.sanTlis) n burning cinders
namja/namjis n adj straw
nanadirevi(ix.nadavli) n bag, catch
nanaxi(ix.napovni) adj found,seen
nangrevi n debris,ruined,sth in ruins
naomari=omgamovlili adj war-torn
naosnoba v n ger navigate/navigation,sail
(ing)
~zRvaze
shipping in the sea
137
~mdinareze
~
on the river
~sanapiro
coastal shipping
naoWebi n pl gathers, puffs
~kanze/saxeze
creased, wrinkle(d)(s)
naperwkali/naperwklis
n adj spark
napiri n edge
napkurebi
adj trickled
~nelsacxebliT adj parfumed,scented
napobi(ix.dapobili) adj split
napovni(ix.SemTxveviTi) n adj discovered/
discovery,find/found,godsent
~odesme so far found (anywhere)
napralebi(ani) n pl adj fissured, interstices
naprali(ix.RreCo) n aperture,breach,cleft,
crack,fissure,fracture,gap,slit
~kldeSi n cleft, notch
~niadagSi n chasm
naprialebi(ix.liToni) adj polished
narandi n rebate
nargile n hookah
narevi adj n fused/fusion,mixed/mixture
narecxi(ix.naSali) n pl slops
narTeqsi n Gr narthex
nari(s)=narSavi(s) n adj thistle
=sawoli n plank-bed
~yazarmaSi/cixeSi n bunk
naribandi(s)=narimandi(s) n v chase,fillister,
groove,rabbet
~kuTxovani adj
mitered groove
~amoReba v chase,notch
~amosaRebi satexe n chasing chisel,gauge
nariyali n adj drift, shingle
narkvevi n sketch
narCevi(ix.CenCo) n adj selection(s),select(ed)
narCenebi/narCeni n pl debris,leftovers,refuse,remains,reminder,residual,survivor/
trace(s),vestige,wast
~samSeneblo n pl remnants,rubbish
narCili
adj n soldering
nasadgomari(ix.namosaxlari) n (ancient/
former) occupation,settlement
nasaxlari n (remains of earlier) human
habitation
naseri n cut, incision
nasesxebi(ix.gadmoRebuli) adj adopt(borrow,loan)(ed),lent
nasvreti n hole,sponge
natexi n scrap,shatter,sherd
~mcire fragment
natvifri(ix.tvifvra) adj pressed,stamped
natifi(ix.gemovneba) adj fine,slim,slender
natkepni adj packed,rammed
natura(mxatvris) n mode, sitter
naturalisturi/naturalisturad adj
adv naturalistical(ly)
naturaluri=bunebrivi/naturalurad
adj adv natural(ly)
naturmorti(s) n adj still life
naurmali n gauge
naucbaTevi
adj offhand
nafexuri n footprint
nafifqi n thin coating
nafoti(s) n adj chip, splinter
nafxaWni adj chip(ed)
naqalaqari n a site of ancient town
naqandakari adj sculpted,sculptured
naqargi(ix.qargva) n adj embroidered,needlework
naqargoba
n embroidery
naqlibi n filing
naqsovi(ix.Wviruli) adj n knitted,textile,weaved
naqurdali
n booty,loot
naqurTeni(s) n adj sapwood
naRara
n trumpet
naRari
n notch
naRaris dacema v blow a trumpet
naRvarevi(ix.xrami) n silt, torrent
naRvenTi n deposit, pool
naRuni=nakeci n v bend,buckle, fold
nayalbevi
n falsification, forgery,imitation
nayari(ix.wili) n debris,dung,embankment
~riTac samarxi/Txrilia amovsebuli
n pl only
falls
nayarSi gaWra/gaWrili
v adj mine(d)
nayva v ger pound(ing)
nayvavilari n pl, adj pockmarks, pocky
nayidi adj bought, purchaced
nayofi n fruit(s)
~ZuZumwovris, ufro adamianis 8 kviris asakSi n foetus
nayofiereba(ix.miwis) n efficiency,fertility
nayofierebis rituali
fertility rite(s)
~qalRmerTi
Goddess of Fertility
nayofieri adj abundant,fertile,fruitful,productive,profitic
naSali(ix.mTis,nayari) n debris
naSTebi n pl remains/remnants of sth
naSTi(ix.mcenareuli) n rest
~Sesafaseblad vargisi tangible remnants
naSieri=nagrami n offspring, scion (adamianis)
naSovni adj n pl earned/earnings, gained,
won
138
naSromze gamoxmaureba n comment on...
~SeniSvna/Sefaseba reference point
~savaWro
product traded
~xelosnuri n craft production
nawarmoebi(ix.asaxva) adj manufactured,produced
=naSromi/teqsti n text,work
nawarmoebis gmiri n character
~Tema/Sinaarsi n plot
nawerebi n pl manuscripts,writings,works
naweri(s) adj writing,written
~gadabeWvda v ger type(ing)
~gadaTeTrebuli
fair copy
nawverali(ix.namkali) n harvest/stubble
field
nawiburi
n edge,fillet,verge
nawiburiani adj voussoir
nawilaki n particle
nawilebad adv sth in parts
nawilebi(ix.wminda) n pl fittings,parts,pieces
nawilebis SeerTeba v n join(ery)
nawili n detail,fraction,a glimpse of sth,part,
portion,quarter,section,segment
~SemorCenili sth extant/(p)reserved
~Semadgeneli component member,constituent part,counterpart
~centraluri
middle part
~ZiriTadi fundamental component
nawil-nawil adv in part(s)
nawilobriv adv briefly,discretely,in part,partly,partially
nawilobrivi adv partial
nawlavebi n pl intestines
nawnavi n plait
nawrTobi adj tempered
nawyalobevi adj donated,granted,rewarded
nawyvet-nawyveti adj desultory,fragmentary,
sketchy
nawyveti n fragment,gobbet,a piece of sth
~teqstis
extract,fragment,passage
naWdevi(ix.ornamenti) adj n excised,incision
incised,notch(ing)
naWedi(ix.liToni)
adj hammered
~cxlad
adj forged
naWeri(ix.ulufa)
n piece
=qsovili n adj cloth,textile
~welze Semosaxvevi n loin-cloth
naWrebad daWra/daWrili v adj apiece(d)
naWrilobevi n scar, wound
naWuWgaclili
adj shelled
naWuWi n lobe,shell, lobus/lobi (sing/pl Lat)
naxazze datana v plot/trace on
~Crdili n v ger shade(ing)
~dayrdnobiT reference to sth
naSromi n article issue,paper,piece,publication,research,study treatise,work,writing(s)
~damajerebeli/sando persuasive work
~dasrulebuli through work
~Temaze/sakiTxze paper(study/work) on N
problem/topic
~mravali avtoris multyauthored study
~sanimuSo exemplary work
~srulyofili/yovlismomcveli magisterial work
~xelmZRvanelobiT... under supervision…
naSromis damowmeba/miTiTeba v reference
~ jvaredini ~ cross ~
~Semokleba v n abridge(ment)
naSuri n wane
naCexi adj chopped
naCvevi
adj familiar to,sty enjoyed
naCvenebi adj demonstrated,depicted,indicated,(re)presented,shown
naCvreti n gap,hole,perforation
naCuqari adj granted, presented
naCuqrobis sigeli n sunnud
naCqarevi=naucbaTevi adj hasty,hurried,precocious
nacari(ix.nacriani...) n ashes, cinder
nacartuta(d) adj pulverized
nacarqaTama(si) n adj goose-foot,orach,
Chenopodium sp (Lat)
~wiTeli Chenopodium rubrum (Lat)
nacarwmendili(s) n adj lye
nacemi adj
beaten
nacexvi adj threshing
nacnobi adj common, familiar, known
~adamiani
n acquaintance
nacriani/nacrovani adj ashy
nacris(ix.fena) adj ashes, cinder
~ormo n ashpit
nacxovrebi(ix.fena) adj inhabited
naZarcvi n booty
naZerwi adj modelled,moulded
~mSvenivrad finely modelled
~tlanqad/uxeSadvv
offhand,sth modelled in a slip-shod way/roughly modeled
naZvi(s)=soWi(s) n adj fir-tree
naZvnari(s)
n adj fir-wood
naZravi(ix.fena) adj dislocated,displaced,disturbed,removed
nawarmi n pl articles,fabrics,product(ion)
139
naxazi(ix.Strixi) n adj draughting,drawing,
film,record
~samuSao
working sketch
naxazis gadaxazva v ger redraw(ing)
naxazSi Casma v insert
naxanZrali n adj burnt site of fire,traces
of fire
naxati(ix.naxazi,Soba) n adj drawing,painting,record
~kargad gadmocemuli adv well-articulated
~kldeze painted image=pictograph
~xeze
paint(ed) on wood
naxevar...
pref. half… hemi… semi…
~bruni n half turn
~miwuri n partly sunken
~piloni(ix.TaRis...) n respond
~rkali n halfhoop,haunch
~sferuli adj semispherical
~toni(ix.feri) n half tint
~fabrikati n (sty) half-finished
~Crdili n penumbra
~wriuli adj semi-circular
naxevari adj half
naxevari adj pref. demi,half,hemi,partly,semi
naxevrad adv pref. half..,hemi..,semi..,sub...
~gamWvirvale adj semitransparent
~gvalviani adj semiarid
~daSla semi-dissociation
~daxvewili adj semi-fine
~mag. qarTveli adj Georgian half cast
~mTvarisebri adj semi-lunar
~miTiuri adj semi-mythic
~miwieri adj semi-subterrarian
~miwuri adj semi/sub-terrarian
~mudmivi adj semi-permanent
~sakuWnao/sawyobi
n semi-cellar
~sworkuTxa adj sub-rectangular
~udabno adj semiarid
~RmerTi n demigod
~Sebrunebuli adj half-faced/turned
~SiSveli
adj half-naked
~Zvirfasi
adj semiprecious
~wriuli
adj sub/semi-circular
~xis adj half-timbered
naxelavi n a piece of work, work
naxerxi(s) n adj sawdust
naxexi adj abrasion/abrasive,ground
naxva v find,see
~xelaxla v retrieve
naxvreti n hole,mesh,perforation
naxiri n cattle, lifestock
naxiris moparva v round up
naxmari(ix.gacveTili) adj used, second
hand,worn
naxnavi(s) n adj furrow, ploughland
~siRrme
n tilt
naxsenebi adj cited,mentioned
~axlaxans/zemoT just/above mentioned
~winaswar
previously mentioned
naxtomi n v caper,jump,leap,spring,sprut
~teqnologiaSi n upspring in technology
naxtomiseburi adj leapfrogging model
~wyvetili n intermittent
naxSirbadi(s)
n adj carbon
~monacemebi C14-sigma confidence
14
~radioaqtiuri ~ radioactive=C =C14
naxSirbadiani
adj carbonized
naxSiri(s) n adj (char)coal
~mura n adj lignite
ngreva(ix.kvali) v n crumble,demolish(ion),
destroy,destruction,fall down,havoc,rum
~sangrevi manqaniT v ger butter/rum(ing)
ngrevis gamomwvevi/mizezi n agent of destruction
~zona extent of ~
ndoba n v confidence,credence,credit,reliance/rely in(on,upon),feel/have reliance,
trust
ndobisa da erTgulebis niSani=wm.denisis droSa n oriflame
neba(ix.RvTis) n v will
nebadarTuli adj allowablw/allowed,permissible,permitted
~kanoniT adj authorized
nebarTva n v permit,permission
nebayoflobiT adv voluntarily
nebrida n wild goat‟s skin
nedlad adv crudely
nedleuli(s) n raw material(s),stock
~ZiriTadi n pl commodities
~wyaro n sourse of raw material(s)
nedli adj crude,immature, raw
nekerCxali/nekerCxlis=mTis bokvi n
adj maple-tree
neknebi erTad n pl rib-cage
nekni(s)
n adj rib
nekrologi n pl usu. obituaries
nekropoli
n sing/pl Lat. necropolis/necropolises
nel-nela/nel-nelobiT adv little by little
neli/nela adj adv slow(ly)
nelsacxebeli/nelsacxeblis(ix.muri,fiT
xi) n adj aromatic ointment(s),perfume,scent
140
~zeTovani
n adj anoint
~dapkureba v perfume,scent
~wasma v anoint
nemsi(s)(ix.naqargi) n needle(„s)
~yunwi
n eye
nerbi n ewe
nesti n humidity,moisture
nestiani adj humid,moist,sodden,wet
nesto(ebi) n nostril, nares (pl usu. Lat)
netarad adv blessfully
~aRiareba v n beatify,beatification
netarebani n pl the Beatitudes (Methew 311)
netari n adj sb the Blessed,beatific,blissful
nefe(ix.patarZali) n bridegroom
nefriti(s) n adj jage,greenstone,nephrite
neqtari/neqtris n adj nectar
neSti n ashes,dust,earth,remains
neSompala/neSompalis n adj humus
niadagi(s)(ix.gamdidreba,miwa,ucxo) n
adj soil,terrain
~ayalo clay/loam soil
~gamofituli exhausted ~
~danaleqi colluvial soil,deposit,alluvium/
alluvia Lat.
~eweri bushy/shraby soil
~Tixnari
clayey ~
~kiriani
limestone ~
~kldovani
rocky ~
~mwiri
hungry ~
~nariyi alluvial ~
~nayofieri ramis ganviTarebisTvis seedbed for (civilization)
~notio/wyliani wetland
~noyieri
fat/fruitful soil
=safuZveli
soil
~fxvieri
crumbly soil
~xvinWiani gravelly ~
niamori=qurciki n antilope,saiga
niaRvari n avalanche,flood,silt,stream,torrent
niaxuri(s) n adj celery=Apium graveolens
nivelireba v ger level(ing)=leveling
niveliri(ix.lartya) n level
nivTebi n pl articles,artifacts,items,objects,
things
~erTad sth juxtaposed/in a juxtaposition
~kuTvnili paraphernalia
~romlebic yvelganaa mag. qoTani obiquitous item(s)
~samsxverplo/Sesawiri votive objects
~saWiro/Cveuli utility,utilitarian ~
~Catanebuli funerary gift(s)
~jgufebad
clasterine
nivTi(s) n article,artifact,item,object,thing
~bunebiT by nature of N object
~gaurkveveli unknown
~
~damTariRebeli diagnostic/dating item
~dasrulebuli
finished article/object
~Tavisi xarisxiT sth in its merit
~mosagonari memento/memorabilia of…
~tipiuri
type item
~uxeSad damuSavebuli sth that received less attractive treatment=treated
less attractively
~Zvirfasi dear object, luxury item
nivTis(ix.morTuloba) bolo n end,terminal,tip
~gamZleoba n obstinatness
~moulodneli Sexvedra v come across
~oreuli
n counterpart
~sartyeli
n band, cordon
~qedi
n midrib,rib(ing),rim
nivTiereba(ix.mWide,Semkvreli)n substance
~xsnadi
adj solvable
nivTieri adj artifactual,material, substantial
~monapovari
found pieces
nivTSi CarCenili xis naSTi n stump
nivniva n rafter
~kuTxis hip ~
~mTavari/ZiriTadi common(main,principal)
=Zeli
joist
~wvrili valley rafter
nivnivas fexi common/valley rafter
nivnivebis damagreba=Sekvra
truss
nivnivqveSa Zeli n counter-lating
nikapi n chin
nimbi(ix.naTeli) n brouch, halo
~wmindanis n gloriole, nimbus/nimbi
(sing/pl Lat)
nimuSi n cast(s),example,pattern,sample,specimen,scantling
~miuwvdomeli unattainable example/specimen
~raRacis representative of sth
~calkeuli
isolated example(s)
~wina
the foregoing example/sample
nimuSis aReba(velze)=SerCeva n v sample
nimfa tyis/wylis n dryad/naiad
niori/nivris n adj garlic
~kbili
n clove
niJara/niJaris
n adj shell
~konqoiduri conchoidal fracture
~mamlis deziswbri dentalium/dentalia n
sing/pl Lat.
141
~maraosebri n fan-like shell canopy
~savarcxela n scallop-shell ~
~jamisebri n sing/pl Lat.calyx/calyces
~xveuli
n wreath
niJrovani
adj shell-rock
niskarti(ix.sawveTuri)
n beak
niskartisebri adj beak-like/shaped
niRabi
n mask
~dasakrZalavi=micvalebulis burying/
death ~
~portretuli
portrait ~
~saweso
ceremonial/ritual ~
~cxovelsaxiani
animal ~
niRbiani
adj masked sb
niyvi(s) n adj saffron milk-cap, Amanita caesarea Lat.
niSa(ix.walo)
n alcove,bay,niche,recess
~qandakebisaTvis kedelSi n hovel
~cxoveli
blazed (animal)
niSandoblivi adj diagnostic,(highly)significant,noteworthy
niSani n attribute,evidence,emblem,feature,hint,indication/indicator,(land)mark,mark,
(er),medium,omen,sign(al),significance,
siren,spark,symbol,trace,trait
~aradamaxasiaTebeli alien asphect of sth
~arsebiTi/ganuyofeli n integral feature
~brunvis n case ending
=gamoxatuleba n indication/indicator of sth
~damaxasiaTebeli n attribute,characteristic,
diagnostic,hallmark,trait
~damTariRebeli dating indication
~lursmul damwerlobaSi n glyph
~lursmuli sityvis aRmniSvneli n logo
gram
~mkveTrad gamosaxuliexaggerated feature
~ndobisa da erTgulebis n oriflame
~okulturi
n sigil
~pirobiTi
conventional sign
~rom nivTi originalia
cachet (Fr)
~savaWro
trade mark
~sasveni
punctuation mark
~saqonels yurze
n earmark
~samxedro damsaxurebisaTvis n medal
~sawyisi formative element
~ubralo/Cveulebrivi mere emblem/sign
~ucnauri bizzare feature
~SemTxveviTi fugitive trace
~SemorCenili extant/preserved feature
~cudi
ominous sign
~ZiriTadi essential feature
=winaTgrZnoba n anticipate(d),sign,weird
~wodebis aRmniSvneli badge(s) (of rank)
~wylis
water-mark
niSanwyali
not a scrap of sth
niSnad...
... as a mark/token of…
niSnebi(s)=niSani n pl usu. attributes,traits
~mqone charged with sth
~gadajaWvuli adj intertwined traits
~Semcirebuli adj sealed-down features
~Sereva v intertwine
niSnis dadeba(ix.Camocileba) v blaze
~damsmeli n marker
~micema v flag sth
niSnoba n v betrothal/betrothe,engage(ment)
niSnuli(s)
n hatchure, mere
~dasma velze v track up the site
~velze
n sample
niCabi n shovel,spade
~navis n oar
niCbisebri adj sth spatulate in shape
niWi n faculty for..,gift(s),genius,skill,talent,wit
~bunebrivi
native wit
~mxatvruli artistic skill
~naTeli
outstanding gifts
~samxedro military skill
=talanti
dowry
~RvTivbiZebuli=RvTiuri n sing/pl Gr.
c(h)arisma/c(h)arismata
niWieri adj sb able,bright,gifted,keen,skilled,
smart,talented
niWis gaRviveba
v nourish
nixri n pl usu. dues
noemberi(ix.tirisdeni,tiriskoni,giorgobisa) n November
nominali n face value,nominalis/nominale
(sing/pl Lat.)
nomokanoni n Nomocanon Lat.
norCi adj delicate,diminutive,tender,young
notacia n v lecture,notatia
notio adj damp
nukleusi n core, nucleus/nuclei (sing/pl Lat)
nukri=Svlis ~(ix.Sveli) n calf,fawn
nuncio n sing/pl Lat. nuncio/nuncios
nuJri(ix.liTonis) n hob, knot
nusxa n text
=sia
n list
nuSi(sebri) n adj almond(y)
o
oazisi
n sing/pl Lat. oasis/oases
obeliski n obelisk
obi(s)
n adj mould
oboli(ix.margaliti) adj orphan,parentless
142
=fuli
n sing/pl Lat. obolus/oboli
obsidian(s)(ix.retuSi,qva) n adj obsidian
~ze-tute n adj paralkaline ~
~madani/wyaro n adj deposit of ~
~tute-volframiti n adj cal-alkaline ~
oda(ix.saxli)
n ode
odiTgan adv from time immemorial
ovali/ovaluri n adj oval(oid),ovoid,ovate
~arawesieri roughly oval
~Suaze gaWrili bisected ~
oTaxi(ix.wyeba) n room
~misaRebi n parlour
~sastumro guest room
~wina/Sesasvleli n anteroom
oTx... pref
quadric… tetra…
oTxgverda/waxnagaadj four-sided,tetrahedral
oTxTavi=saxareba=evangele n (Four)
Gospels
oTxTvala n four wheel cart,wagon
oTxkuTxa adj quadrangular,rectangular,square(d)
~ganivkveTiani adj squaresectioned
oTxkuTxedi n quadrangle,rectangle,square
oTxkuTxediviT adj adv subrectangular
oTxmagi=oTxjeradi adj fourfold,quadruple
oTxmxrivi
adj quadrilateral
oTxnawiliani adj four-part, quadruple(d)
oTxfurcliani adj quadrifoil
oTxSabaTi(ermisa,merkuri) n Wednesday
oTxcxena n a coach and a four,quadriga/
quadrigae n sing/pl Lat.
oTxxmiani adj four part
oTxjer(adi) adv four times,quadruple(d)
olari n stole
ole n copse, coppice
~nakaduliT
n bayou
olqi n cantonal region
ombalo(si) n adj meadow sweet, Menta
pulegium=Pea pratensis Lat.
omboxi=yavarjeni n cramp
omgamovlili adj war-torn
omi n war(fare)
~aragadamwyveti/uSedego indecisive ~
=brZola v do battle with sb
~gamarjvebisaTvis war waged to win
~dapyrobiTi
~ of conquest
~dausrulebeli
inconclusive ~
~SesanarCuneblad ~ waged to hold
~samagieros gadaxda campaign of revenge
~samoqalaqo=Sina=ZmaTa civil/internecine~
struggle/war..,internal strife
omis gaCaReba v break out(outbreak/inleash)~
~biZgi n v trigger ~
~gamarjvebis simbolo
trophy
~gamowveva trigger war
~zurgi
home front, rear
~kvali
evidence of war
~manqana n war machine
~muqara
menace
~
~nadavli
prey
~Sedegi
war aftermath
~saSiSroeba
menace war
~Sedegi (war) aftermath
~Semdgomi
post-war
~wamowyeba
levi/unleash a war
~warmarTva feat a ~
~warmoeba v conduct ~
~wina
pre-war
~xelovneba art of warfare
omSi gamarjvebis simbolo n trophy
omfalosi n sing/pl Lat. omphalos/omphalomes
omfori(ix.xatis)
n chasuble
onagari
n battering ram
opisTodomosi n sing/pl Gr. opisthodomos
/opisthodomi
opozicia n opposition
~Sida backbench rebellion
or...
pref double… two…
or-orad
adv two-by-two
orad gayofili=1:2 adj bifurcated,one
devided into two
oraTeulobiT adv scores of =10+10
orakuli(ix,taZari) n oracle
or(mag)boloiani adj double-ended
orboZiani adj two-spindled
orgia n orgy
ordeni n order (eg Franciscan)
orderi(ix.nebarTva) n mode,order
=brZaneba
n v order
=sabuTi
n warrant
ordiskoiani adj double-disc
orenovani adj bilingual
oreuli n a person‟s double,twin
orvolutiani adj double-volute
orTabrZola n (single) combat
orTava adj bicepal,double/two headed
orTvala
adj two-wheeled
~etli
n carriage
~zarbaznis
n gun-carriage, limber
~msubuqi
n light chariot
orTiTa adj forked
orTiTi n bident,pitchfork
~Tixis
clay fork
143
orTostata n orthostat=basalt slabs
orTostataTa rigi row of orthostats
orTqli(s)(ix.abanos) n adj steam
orTqlsadeni
n ~ pipe
oriarusiani adj two-staged/tiered
originali adj authentic
=dedani
n original
orive(ix.ori)
adj both
~zedapirze adv on ~ faces
~mxares adv on either/each side
~SemTxvevaSi adv in either case
orisruli adj double arrow/lancet
orkapa adj two-horned/pointed
orlebniani n adj two-row
ormagad adv doubly
ormagboloiani adj double-ended
ormagtesebri adj beamed,double-crutch
ormagxvia adj double spiral/volute
ormagi adj double,dual,twofold
ormaliani adj two-flenghted
ormo n hole,pit
~maragis storage pit
~nagvis/fuWi qanisn rubbish pit,wast-dump
~narCenebis n bin,dumping rubbish,refuse
dump
~sakvebis mosamzadebeli/sacxobi
cooking/roasting pit
~sameurneo n refuse dump/pit
~sawreti vertical drain
~silosis storage bin/pit
ormwkriva(d) adj adv (in) double row
ormxrivamozneqili adj biface,lenticular
ormxrivdamuSavebuli adj bifacially worked
ormxrivdaqanebuli adj gable
ormxrivCazneqili adj double-concave(d)
ormxrivi adj bifacial/lateral,binaly opposites,double/two sided/fold
ormxrivoba n reciprocity
ornamenti(ix.ornamentirebuli,uornament
to,foTlis) n decoration,decorative pieces,design,embelishment,
motif,ornament(ation),pattern
~adamiani-cxoveli human-animal composition
~adamianis Tavis ornamentation in the form
of human head(s)
~amoburculi
cordon ornament
~ ~ zoli naWdevebiT applique
cordon(s)
~amokawruli
scratched out pattern
~amokveTil-amoRaruli chased and incised design
~amokveTili
chased ~
~amoRaruli
incised ~
~
~ reliefi grooving relief
~
~ sartyeli pressed band
~amoWmuli liTonze biting(aquatint,etching) design
~astragali n astragal
~badisebri net pattern,reticulate(d)
~badisebri rombebi hatchered triangles
~badura cross-hatchered/fret design,trellis
motif
~baduri samkuTxedebi cross-hatched traingles
~bawrisebri/Tokisebri(ix.grexili)
corded ornament
~berZnul-romauli farisebri pelta
motif
~bumbulisebri
feather ornament
~bunebis scenebi naturalistic design
~butkosebri
pestil design
~gamarjvebis
victory motif
~gamqrali kill-off pattern
~geometriuli
(sub)geometric pattern
~
~ araTanabari scaline geometric
~gvirgvinis
wreath motif
~gofrirebuli corrugated,fluting/rippled
design/pattern
~grexili(ix.bawrisebri) guilloche(rope,
tendril,wreathened) design/motif
~
~ mrudxaziani curvilinear pattern
~grexilxazovani curvilinear motif
~grigala=Tevzifxuri herring-bone decoration
~dakruli/reliefuri n sing/pl Lat.
emblema/emblemata
~daZerwili
applique design
~dekoratiuli
decorative pattern
~datvifruli
stamped decoration
~daRaruli chanelled/chased design/pattern
~daStrixul-daCvretili perforated
design
~daStrixuli
stroke ornament
~
~
samkuTxedebis rigebi rows of
hatchured triangles
~dawinwkluli mottle(d)
~daWdeuli
impressed design
~
~
wertilebi impessed (with) dots
~daxatuli Zvelze painted onto old/previous decoration
~daxvewili
carefully worked out ~
~daxlarTuli
mat design/pattern
144
~erTmaneTSi Caxveuli wreebi
interlacing circles
~vazis ulvaSisebri=lerwisebri tendrill-like motif
~zanuri/zenuri xviebi double curl (runing spiral,scroll,volute) design
~zigzagi lenturi band-like zigzag ~
~zoli
cordon pattern, appliqué
~zoomorfuli zoomorphic pattern
~Tevzis qerclisebri scale ~
~Tevzifxuri=grigala herring-bone
decoration
~Tvala
netted design
~TiTiT gakeTebuli rusticated ~
~Tokisebri(ix.bawrisebri) corded ornament
~inkrustacia inlaid design
~kalaTaSroSanisebri formis n sing/
pl Lat. calathus/calathi ~
~kvercxi(sebri)
egg/ovolo design
~kibis(ebri) ladder motif
~kiborCxalis sacecisebri lobster claw
lobe
~kiduli/Sveuli xazebi
lines pendant
from the rim
~kldeze nakveTi carved pecked motif,petroglyph
~kopebi bosses,bulgs,knobs,warts
~koWa/koWisebri
reel pattern
~kubokruli chequered pattern
~laqaSisebri
reeding ~
~lentur-Sevronuli band and chevron
design
~lenturi band stamps/band-like ~
~
~
zigzagi band-like zigzag ~
~lerwisebri=vazis ulvaSisebri tendril-like motif
~malturi jvrisebri Maltese-Cross ~
~martivi
simple design
~mdidruli rich/sophisticated decoration
~mTavari=wamyvani
key pattern
~mravalferovanibewildering array of motifs
~mcenareuli
floral design design
~
~
wnuli entwined vegetation ~
~nadirobis scenebi hunting pattern(s)
~nakawri
comb pattern
~nakawrebis erToblioba series of
scratches
~nakveTi cut/faceted design, opus
interralize
~naoWebis
design of gathers/puffs
~naCvretebiani
perforated design
~naZerwi
stucco ornament
~
~ bageti
moulding
~nawiburi=wibo
fillet=listel
~naWdevebis notching
~
~
sartyeli
line of notching
~naWdevi curved (impressed,sigilate)
pattern,incised feature(s)
~
~ xazebis incised (with) lines
~niJara
shell design
~ ~ maraosebri fan-like shell canopy
motif
~ ~ savarcxela scallop-shell canopy ~
~ormagxvia double spiral/volute design
~ ~ gvirgvinis/lavgardanis qveS
modillion with double volute=scroll
modillion
~
~ damarbilebeli as a mitigating double helix for sth
~ostaturad gamosaxuli elaborately pattterned
~peplisebri
design of butterfly triangles
~parketisebri parquet design
~reliefi(ix.reliefuri) relief decoration
~ ~
brtyeli flat relief
~ ~
dabali bas(low/shallow) ~
~ ~
kedlis
wall
~
~ ~
maRali
high
~
~ ~
msubuqi light/low relief ~
~ ~
natvifri stamped ~ ~
~ ~
ormxrivi
double
~ ~
~ ~
ornamentuli ornamental ~
~ ~
Rarebis
grooving ~
~ ~ cru
false relief decoration
~reliefuri relief decoration,emblema/
emblemata design Lat.
~rvianis formis
figure eight motif
~rTuli/uxvi
opulent decoration
~ ~ foTlis nawili n foliole
~rigebis sartyeli belt of rangs
~rombebi(T)
rhombi design
~rombuli xveulebi design of reticulated
rhombi
~S formis
S-motif,sigmate design
~savarcxlisebri(ix.niJara) comb impression ornament
~ ~ nakadebis comb-shaped stream-like
design
~ ~ natvifri
design of comb-shaped
stamps=stamped design
~ ~ wertilovani comb-shaped dotted ~
~samkuTxedebis bade cross hatchured trian-
145
gles
~sanadiro scenebiT
hunting motif
~sartyeli
band/belt design
~
~ Cawneuli interwoven bands
~
~ CaWdeuli recessed band ~
~
~ Caxveuli interlaced bands
~
~ xazebis
belt of lines
~safexuredi
stepped ~
~ ~
svetze/Senobaze
rings
~saxis gamosaxulebiani face design
~sworxazovan-geometriuli rectilineargeometric ~
~talRisebri curveliniar/rippled decoration
~texili xazebis
rocker pattern
~ ~ wertilovani beads of slanting
puncture line
~totisebri cauliculus/cauliculi (Lat)
design
~faris shield ~
~farflisebri flipper-shaped motif
~figuruli
figural design
~foTliani/foTlovani foil design/pattern,
leaf(y)motif/pattern,palmette/petalled
motif
~foTlis meoTxedi quarter round recto
~foTlovani leafy/palmette design,foliage
~
~
xvia design of leafy tendril
~fosoebi pattern with pits of sunken dots,
pitted decoration,cavetto motif,
dimple pattern
~foCebi/funjebi
fringy ~
~frinvelis
bid decoration
~frCxilis modillion,thumbnail curved line
~frCxilisebri finger nail/nail-shaped design
~qerclisebri
scale pattern
~qviT nagebi
stone-built design
~qsovilis textile design
~Rarebi reliefuri grooving relief
~Rari
canal, sima (Gr)
~Rariani=daRaruli chased pattern
~yvavili fleuron
~yvavilovani(ix.kalaTa) floral pattern
~Sereuli bewildering array of motifs
~Sveuli xazebis lines pendant from the rim
~Sida ornamenti interior decoration
~CaWdeuli sartyeli recessed band
pattern
~CaWrili
curved design
~CaxlarTuli
intricate/involved ~
~CxiriT gakeTebuli rusticated decoration
~cvara
bead(ed) design,granulation
~cxovelis saxis ornamentation in a form
of an animal shape
~cxoveluri
animal design
~Zunwi artless(humble,simple) decoration
~wertilebi TeTri pastiT Sevsebuli
white-filled pointileé design
~
~ wvrili rows of neat dots
~wertilTa rigebi rows of dots in several
bands
~wertilovan-texili dotted broken-line
design
~wertilovani dotted pattern,pointileè design,punctuate ornamentation,stripple ~
~wertilovanis msagavsi
likewise in
poitileè~
~wiwvisebri
pine-tree pattern
~wminda xis entwined vegetation of a sacred
tree design
~wnuli
guilloche design
~wreebi erTmaneTSi Caxveuli design
of interlacing circles
~wreebis decoration of lockrings,penanular
design
~wyvetili xazebis design of distinct jabs,
punctured pattern
~Wadrakuli
chess/chequered design
~xazebis erToblioba series of scratches
~ ~ sartyeli belt(s) of ranges
~xazTa konebis design of boxes of stripes
~xazovan-meandruli liniar-meander design
~ ~
nakveTi
liniar-cut ~
~ ~ wertilovani liniar and punctured ~
~xazovani liniar ~
~xazovani frizi liniar frieze ~
~xaris Tavis
bucranium ~
~xvia gaSlili loose coils
~xvia ornamentuli cartouche
~xviebis
curlicue design
~xveulebis scroll/curvilinear pattern
~xorblis marcvlisebri wheat-shaped
pattern,grain motif
~xSiri Sevronebis ornament of multiply
chevrons
~javSnisebri(meomris) trophy design
ornamentiT adv by decoration/ornamentation
ornamentirebuli adj adorned,decorated,
fancy,ornamented
~gadaWarbebulad drastic/exuberant decoration/ornamentation
~uxvad
highly ornamented
ornamentis gareSe=uornamento adj undecorated
~gareSe unadorned,undecorated
146
~dasatani borbali n roulette
~saxe n design,motif,pattern
~ ~ gamqrali kill-off pattern
~ ~ dadgenili/damkvidrebuli set pattern
ornamentuli
adj decorative (pieces)
~saxeebi decorative schemes
~ ~ yvelaze xSiri representational design
ornamentSi Casma/Cawera adj insert
ornawiliani(ix.yalibi) adj two-piece/part
oroli(s)(ix.Subi)
n lance,spear
~mtyorcneli n spear-thrower
or-orad(ix.wyvilad) adv two-by-two
orpolusiani adj two-pole
orprotomiani adj double-protomed
orrqiani adj two-horned
orsagduliani(ix.kari) adj bivalve
orsaTavsiani/senakiani adj double-chamber
orsafexuriani adj two-grade/stage
orsaxovani adj two-faced
orsvetiani adj two-columned/spindled
orsorsoliani adj double-barelled
orsulad adv be pregnant with…
orsuli(ix.samarxSi) adj pregnant
orsqesiani adj
bisexual
ortesebri adj
beamed,double-crutch
orfeniani adj
two-layered
orferda adj gable
orferi adj bichrome
orfrTiani(ix.kari) adj
olonnade
orfurcela adj two-petalled
orfxiani=orlesuli adj double-bladed
orRara
adj double-chanelled
orRerZiani adj two-spindled
orRobe n country-road,lane
orSabaTi(mTovarisa,MmTvare) n Monday
orSimo(ix.gogra)
n goud
orCliqiani
adj clown-footed
orZarRva adj twin-core
orwaxnaga adj two-sided/faceted
orwevri
adj binominal
orwvera adj double-pin
orwneliani adj double-twig
orxelisuflebianoba
n diarchy
osana Hossana
ospi(s)=ugrexeli(s) n adj lentil, Lens culinaris Lat.
ostati(ix.xelosani) n artisan,craftsman,
master
~gamocdili(daxelovnebuli/mowifuli)
master,skilled craftsman
~xelsawyos mkeTebeli n toolmaker
ostatoba n artisan skill,craft in..,craftsmanship,masterhood/ship,mastery,skill,
ingenuity,enduring feat,prowess,
workmanship
~daxvewili
skilled craftsmanship
=xelovaneba craft in,skill,workmanship
ostatobis gamovlena display high level of
skill
~mwvervali n sing. usu. acme
ostaturad adv deftly,elaborately,masterly,
skilfuly
ostaturi adj enduring,skilful
osteoqondrozi n osteohondromatose
osuariumi n sing/pl Lat. ossuarium/ossuarii
oforti(s) n etching
~keTeba v itch
oqra/oqris n adj ochre,sienna
~Savi n adj bog-ore
oqro(ix.oqros(i),feri) n gold
~bajaRlo n adj 24 carat(pure,solid) ~
~mkrTali n adj electrum
~rifebis n reef gold
~furclovani n adj gold foil
~Cveulebrivi n adj 14 carat ~
oqromkedi(s) n adj gold thread
~yalbi n adj tensil
oqromWedeli
n goldsmith
oqromWedloba=saiuveliro saqme n
goldsmithary,jewellery
oqromWedlobis skola school of ~
oqropiri n adj divine,gold-mouthed,Chrysostom (Gr)
oqros(i) adj
gold
~varayi n adj tensil
~zodi
gold bullion
~Tmiani adj golden-haired
~kveTa
golden section
~madani gold ore
~maragi
~ reserve
~masa fulSi bulk gold
~maZiebeli
gold digger
~nakeToba
goldwork,sth made of gold
~nivTebi
~
; gold objects
~recxva
gold washing
~sabado/sarewi
gold field,placer
~salaro
~ mine
~samkauli
jewellery=jewelry
~saukune
golden age
~sawmisi
~ fleece
~urdo
~ Hord
~firfita/folga
gold foil/leaf
147
~
~ mrgvali
~ plaque
~feri/ferad moelvare
goldish
~frTiani
gold-winged
~yaiTani
~ lace
~Semcveli
~ bearing
~
~ qviSa ~ dust/sand
~Sualedi
golden mean
~ZarRvi
gold(bearing) vein
~wesi Golden rule
~wvima
~
shower
~xelebi
skilful hands
oqrouloba n goldwork,jewellery=jewelery
oqroferili/curvili adj gilded,gold-plated
oqroqsovili(s) n adj gold-cloth/spun
oqrocercva(si) n adj pie
oqsino(si)(ix.eklesiis) n adj gold-woven
oqtomberi(ix.mwifobisa,sTvlisa,tiriskani,Rvinobisa) n October
oRro-CoRro
adj bumpy,full of holes
ocobiTi Tvla
n vegisimal system
owinari(ix.Wa)
n shadoof,sweep, winch,
wind-lass
oxeri=sabralo
adj homeless, poor
oxraxuSi(s) n adj parsley=Petroselium crispum Lat.
~veluri chervil, Anthriscus crispum Lat.
ojaxi(ix.samefo) n domus,family, household
=saxli/fuZe n family, hearth
~calke nuclear family
ojaxis adj domestic
~ufrosi n head of the family
ojaxoba
n family, home
=saqmianoba n householding/keeping
ojaxuri adj domestic,family,household
~cxovreba n domesticity
~wre
family circle
palimfsesti n palimpsest
palinologia n palinology/palynology
palitra(ix.ferTa gama) n palette
palma/palmis n adj palm-tree
palmeta n palmette
palo n peg, picket
panagea=panagia n panagia
panaSvidi n dirge
pandusi(fr) n ramp, slope
panegiriki n panegyric
panelebad/panelebianiadv adj empanneled
paneli(ix.cokoli) n panel(ing)=wainscot
~mosapirkeTebeli n face-board
~naxevardiumiani board=1,27 cm.
panTeoni n pantheon
pano n panel,plaque
panta vaSli(s) n adj wild apple
~msxali/msxlis
~ pear
papi
n Pope
papirologi n papyrologist
papirologia n papyrology
papirusi(s)(mcenare,qaRaldi,Zv.teqstebi)
n adj papyrus=papyrus/payri (Lat)
papis adj Pope‟s, papal
papoba n papacy
paraklisi(s) n public prayer,trental
~gadaxda
v n serve, service
paraleli n v comparable,parallel
paralelurad adv sth runs parallel with sth
paraleluri adv adj parallel
~droSi simultaneously
~mihyveba sth runs parallel
~Soreuli a far cry from…
parametri n parameter
parapeti n parapet
~saTofurebiT n battlement
paraskevi(diosisa,venera) n Friday
~wiTeli n Good Friday
pariki n wig
parki(ix.abreSumis) n bag, package
= baRi n park(land)
parkosnebi(mcenare) n pl beans,legumes,
leguminous plants,hulled,pulses,Legiminosa/Legiminisae Lat.
parkosnis CurCa n hull, pod
parfiumeria n perfume
pasaJi n arcade, passage
~lit/mus. n passage
paskvili n bill
pasportizacia v n ger certify/certification,
document(ation),label(ing)
pasportizebuli adj certified,documented,
p
paginacia n numbering (of) pages
paemani n appoint(arrange/engage)(ment)
paiki n pawn
paiWi(s)=paWiWi(ix.paWanaki) n gaiter,legging
~samagri
gaiter strap
palata n chamber
=sacavi n Armoury Museum
palati=darbazi=sasaxle n hall, palace
=saxlis qveda sarTuli n groundfloor
palestra
n sing/pl Lat. palestra/palestrae
148
labeled
pasta/pastis n adj paste
~miniseburi
glaze ~
pastoforiumi n sing/pl Lat. pastophorium/pastophorii
pasqalia
n paschal cycle/tables
patara(ix.cida) adj little, small
patarZali=dedofali(ix.nefe) n bride
~dobili n bridesmaid,maid of honour
patieba(ix.codvis) v excuse,forgive,pardon
pativayriloba n atimia
pativi n honour(s),homage,respect
pativis migeba(ix.Rirsi) v pay one‟s respect(homage,tribute) to sb
~micvalebulisaTvis pay (a) tribute(s)/last
respect to sb
pativiscema n v admire,do homage,esteem
sb,hold veneration,have respect for sb,
pay (a) tribute
pativiscemis gamomxatveli adj honorific
~niSani
mark of favour
~sagani
venerated object
pativsacemad
adv in honour
~Seqmna ramis design sth ~ ~
patimari
n prisoner
~gaqceuli n fugitive
patimris Sewyaleba n clemency
patimroba n imprisonment
~samudamo n v lifer,sentence sb to life,jail
for life
patina/patinis(ix.Jangi)
n adj patina
~avi
common(malignant,pernicious) ~
~keTilSobili
noble ~
patiniT dafarva v patinate, tarnish
~dafaruli adj patinated, tarnished
patiosani(ix.Tvali) adj fair,honest
~adamiani straight man
~brZola
~ fight
~sityva
word of honour
patiosneba n fairness,honesty,piety
patriarqati n patriarchat
patriarqi n (Gr) patriarch(os)
patrikiosi n patrician, patrikios (Gr)
patriciusi n patricius
patronaJiT...
in sb‟s charge
patronati/patronatuli n adj patronatus
patroni n holder,master,overlord,superior
=mfarveli n patron
~ramis n owner,proprietor
patronike
n gallery
patronoba v n own,patron,patronage for…
patronymoba n superiority
patruqi n wick
paqti n pact
pawawina adj diminutive,minute, tiny
paWanaki
n
strap
pemza/pemzis n adj pumice stone
pentva
v scotch
pepera n great grandfather
perangi(s)(ix.jaWvis) n shirt
~gulispiri n shirt-front
~qvis(gare)
stone dressing/facing
~ ~ (Siga)
fettling
pergamenti(s)(naweri teqsti) n adj parchment,pergament (Germ.)
periodebad dayofa v n divide/division into
periods
periodi n part/period of time,stage
~moicavs the period embraces/spans
~sawyisi initial period of sth
~wina
prelude
~winare preceding period, period after a
short period, in the wake of…
periodizaciav n devide/division into periods
perioduli adj periodical
perioduloba n recurrent
perimetri n perimeter
peripetia n sing/pl La. peripeteia/peripetia
peripteri n peripteros
peripteruli adj peripteral
peristili
n peristyle
peristiluri adj perisstylon
periferia(ze) n adv periphery, on the ~
periferiulad adv peripherially
periferiuli adv peripherial
personali n board,personale,personnel,staff
personaJi n character,personage
personifikacia=pirovnebad qceva v n
personify,personification
~raime abstraqtulisa n Gr. prosopopeia
personificirebuli adj personified
perspeqtiva n perspective,prospects
~moxazva v ger foreshorten(ing)
peSvi n cupped hand
~mag.fqvili n handful
pewi n gloss, zest
pigmenti n pigment
pikze adv at the peak
pilastri(ix.TaRis) n pilaster
piloni n Gr. pillar,pylon
naxevar ~ n respond
piradad adv in person, personally
piradi adj confidential,own,personal,private
~sakuTreba personal/private possession/
149
property
~Semadgenloba stuff
~wyena personal invective
piramida/piramiduli n adj pyramid
pirati/piratoba
n pirate, piracy
piraqeTa=gadmoRma pref. cis(eg Caucasia)
piraRma adv backwards,on one‟s back,supine
pirbade n veil
pirdapir adv actually,definitely,directly,particularly,really,literary,straightforwardly
pirdapiri(ix.STamomavali) adj direct, immediate,straight(forward),strict
~analogi direct analogy/parallel
~cnoba
firsthand information
pirdapiroba n directness,frontality
pirdaRebuli=pirRia adj open-mouthed
pirvandeli adj first,initial,original
pirvel... particle/pref first,primary,proto…
~mniSvnelovani adj sth of primary importance
~mosuli
n firstcomer
~rigSi adv firstly,primarily
~sataxto adj the first/oldest capital
~samSoblo
n proto-home
~sawyisi n antecedent,beginning,initial,original,primary,pioneering,the root,
spring-well
~qmnili adj primary,primaveral,primitive,primordial
~yofili adj primaveral,primitive,early human,savage
~yofileba n savagery
~wodebuli(mag.andria) pillar apostle
~wyaro(ix.cnoba) n first/initial principle,firsthand evidence/information,primary
origine/source
~xalxi n proto folk
~xarisxovani adj (sth of) first class/rite
~ ~ mniSvnelobis (sth of) paramount
importance
pirvelad adv efficiently,firstly,formarly,for
the first time,originally,at first
pirveladve adv originally
pirveladi adj immemorial,original,pioneering,primordial,primary(ly)
pirveli adj earliest,efficient,earliest,first,formative,foremost,initial,maiden,original
pioneer(ing),the premier
~gamoCena the earliest manifestation of sth
oridan ~ adj the former
pirveloba n supremacy
~gadadis...
~ passes to…
~sportuli n championship,competition
pirvelobaSi Secileba v contest
pirvelobis xana n days of one‟s prime
piri(ix.samuSao,tyis) n mouth
=adamiani=pirovneba n individual,person
~iaraRis/xelsawyosi working end
~momqmedi n character,dramatic personae
~mWreli
n blade-let,bush
~saero n civilian,layman,mundane
~sasuliero n clergyman
~saxe n face
ukuRma ~ adj wrong side
Sida ~ adj inner covering/surface
waRma ~
adj right ~
wina ~
adj front
piriani adj bladed
=patiosani adj honest
piriT...
adv sb/sth facing…
pirimxare
n front/right side
pirisagan miwisa wipe of the face of the
earth
pirispir adv v confronted sith sth,face(ing)
each other,face to face,opposed
piriqiTa=gadaRma pref. cis… (eg Caucasia)
piroba n v condition,promise
pirobebi(s) n pl usu. circumstances,conditions
~povnis
the find circumstances of sth
~samuSao working conditions
~saukeTeso adj optimum
~saWiro requisite
~
~Sesabamisad under ~
~cxovrebis
living ~
~ ~ Cveuli uniform conditions/housing
pirobiTad adv conventionally,relatively
pirobiTi
adj
conventional,provisional
pirobiToba n
convention
pirovneba n individual,person(ality)
pirovnebis dadgena v establish
pirovnuloba n personality
pirometalurgia n pyrometallurgy
pironebiani adj dovetailed
pironi n dowel
piropi(s) n adj pyrope
piroteqnologia n pyrotechnology
piruku adv contrariwise,counterrevolution
pirutyvi n animal,beast
pirqve adv inverted, upside down
~garTxma v n prostrate/prostration
~garTxmuli adj prostrate(d)
pirRia adj gaping mouth,open-mouthed
pirSuSxa(si) n adj horse-radish=Cochlearia
armoracia (Lat)
150
pirwminda(si)(balaxi) n adj horehound,
Ajuga reptans L, Marrubium vulgare
pirwmindad adv completely, totally
pirwavardnili adj egregious
pirjvari n (sign of) cross
pirjvris gadawera v cross/sign oneself
~sami TiTiTmark the sign with three fingers
pitiaxSi n Pers. Pitiax
pitna baRis n adj mint(s), Menta ssp Lat.
peppermint, Mentapiperita Lat.
~veluri=viris pitna n adj oregano,
Origanum majorana Lat.
piqtografiuli adj pictograph,picture
writing
pkureba v imbue,sprinkling of sb
plagiati v n plagiarize.plagiarism
plani
n plane
~ukana (against/on) background
~wina
foreground,front
planSeti n plane-table
plastika=xelovneba n (the) plastic arts
~mcire n minor art
~ ~ nimuSi n figurative moulding
plastikuri adj fluent, plastic
~gamosaxuleba figurative representation
plastikuroba n plasticity
plastilini(s) n adj plasticine
plato n sing/pl Lat. plateaux/plateau, table-land,upland
pleada n constellation
plebei/plebeuri n adj plebeian
pleqtra n sing/pl Lat. plectrum/plectra
plinTusi n plinth
podiumi(ix.safexuredi) n podium/podia
poezia poetry, verse
~zepiri oral poetry
povna v detect,find,pin down,retrieve
~SeiZleba v detectable
poza n condition,pose,posture,state,stance
~Tavisufali easy,natural,relaxed
=manera n condition,pose,stance
~mdgomare standing posture,stance
~mwolare reclining posture
~mjdomare seated ~
~taxtze mjdomi enthroned
pozaSi/pozis dayeneba v pose
pozicia n attitude,position
poligonaluri adj polygonal
polisi n Gr. polis,polity
politia n Gr. politia
politika n policy
~mcdari
erroneous ~
~ormagi
straddle/straddling ~
~swori
correct/proper ~
politikosi n politician
politikuri adj political
~gadatrialeba/Zvrebi
n upheaval(s)
~daZabuloba political constrait(s)
~duRili n
passion
~erTeuli n polity
~viTareba
political situation
~TamaSi play political hand
~iaraRi
~
weapon
~monapovari
n spoils
~upiratesoba v n dominate/domination
poliqromuli adj polychromic(al)
polotiki=samkerde iaraRi n breast
armour
pontifiki n sing/pl Lat. pontifex/pontificis
portali n portal
portiki
n porch,portico
portikiani adj porticoed
portreti(s) n adj icon,portrait
~Tavis
~
head
~mxatvroba n portraiture
portretisti n portraitist
portretuli adj iconic,portrait
~gamosaxuleba v n depict(ion)
~elementi v iconic element
porfiri(s) n adj porphyry
~mwvane n adj greenstone
~samefo n mantle
~wiTeli n adj purple ~
postoforiumi n sing/pl Lat. postoporium/
postoporii
prasi(s)=prasa n adj leek= Allium porrum
(Lat)
presbiteriumi n sing/pl Lat. presbiterium/
presbiterii
prestiJi/prestiJuli n adj prestige/prestigious
~saqoneli prestige goods
pretori n praetor,praetorius Lat.
pretoria n sing/pl Lat. praetorium/praetorii
prefeqti n prefect
priala adj glossy,lustrous,polished,shining
~nakleb adj low shine
priali n v gloss,luster,shine
prizma/prizmuli n adj prisma(tic)
principati n principate, principatus
principi n maxim,principle,tenet
~ZiriTadi
n fundamentals
principia n principium
programa n programme,sullabus/sullabi (Lat)
151
produqti n
output,product
~gverdiTi/Tanmdevi n by-product
~lpobis
decay product
~meoradi adj secondary ~
~mTavari adj staple ~
~narCeni
waste products
~saboloo
end/final product
~Sualeduri
intermediate ~
produqtiuli
adj efficient
produqtiuloba n afficiency
proeqti(s) n device,draft,project
~avtori n planner
~gakeTeba/Sedgena v design,identify
~wamyvani/winaswari pilot project
provincia=qveynis kuTxen cantone,province
provinciuli adj cantonal,provincial
proza n narration,prose
prozaikosi n novelist
prozauli=usaxuri adj unimaginative
prozelitizmi n proselytism
prokonsuli n sing/pl Lat. proconsul/proconsulares
prokonsulTa adj proconsularis
prokuratori n procurator
propileioni n propylaen
proporciebi n pl usu. proportions
~dawolili recumbent
~
~daxvewili accurate(delicate,refined,sophisticated) ~; sth elaborate/wellproportioned
proporciuli adj proportional,wellproportioned
proskenioni n Gr. proskenion
proskeniumi n sing/pl Lat. proscenium/proscenii; proscaenium
proskomidia(ix.samkveTlo) sacrifice/sacrifial on the credence table
prostili n Gr. prostylos
proto...
pref. proto…
protoma n curved in protome,protome
profesionali adj skilled
profili n profile
~msubuqi
delicate/gentle ~
~sagnis/Senobis n elevation
S ~ S - profile
profilirebuli adj profilered,profiler (Fr)
profilSi adv in profile,profile view
procesia
n procession
puansoni=punsoni n poinconè (Fr)
punqti
n paragraph,point
~amosavali/sawyisi starting point
~bolo
n terminal
~savaWro
trading station
~samxedro/sayrdeni (strong) point
puri(s)
n adj bread
~da Rvinis gadaqceva qristes xorcad
da sisxlad v n consecrate(ion)
~nakurTxi n eulogia
~safuvriani adj unleavened bread
~usafuvro adj leavened ~
~qerqi(s)
n adj crust
purni winadagebisani(msgefsamde yovel
SabaTs trapeze ideba 12 puri, romelsac miirTmevs marto mRvdeli
n shewbread
puroba
n banquit,feast
~eklesiaSi
church feast
pwkaredi(Targmani) n horse
J
Jadeiti(s)
n adj jade
JamTaaRmwereli n chronicler
Jami(ix.wirva) n time (for sty)
Jamianoba=Wiri n pest,plague
Jamn-gulani
n Gradual
Jamni(9 wigni) n Book of Hours
Jangva v corrode,patinate,rust
Jangi(s)(ix.patina) n adj rust
~moSoreba v (re)furbish
Jangiani adj patinated, rusted,rusty
Jangmia/miwis n adj ochre
Janri n genre, plot
Jasmini=ucveTela n adj jasmin
Jesti
n gesture
Jolo(s) n adj raspberry,crimson berry, Rubus ida eus Lat.
Jolosa da mayvlis hibridi n adj loganberry
Jonva v n leak(age)
JRaruna n adj rattle,rattling,trinket
JRera v chime
JReradi=mJReri adj voiced
JRurtuli v n chirrup,mattin
r
rabi=Sluzi n floodgate,lock
rabi(ni) n rabbi
radiokarbonati(s)/radiokarbonuli n
adj carbon radioactive
raza
n click,latch
raindi(ix.kurTxeva) n knight
raindoba(ix.xana)
n chivalry
raindulad adv chivalrously, in manner of
152
chivalry
~vake adj plane ~
~
~maRalmTiani adj highland terrain
~mTagoriani/mTiani adj mountaineous ~;
rugged highlands landscape(terrain/topography)
~rTuli adj tangled highland
~swori adj flat/plain ~
~wyalqveSa adj under-water ~
reliefiT...
adv sth in relief
reliefis keTeba v relieve
~keTebis teqnika repousee technique
reliefurad adv sth in clear-cut manner
~dakruli n sing/pl Lat. emblema/emblemata
~nakveTi adj glyph
reliefuri adj embossed/repose work/relief,
sth in relief
~namuSevari embossed/raised work
relikvariumi n sing/pl Lat. reliquarium/reliquarii
relikvia n sing/pl Lat. reliquia/reliquiae
reliqti/reliqturi n adj relic
rema(ix.cxeni,cxenis)
n sing/pl Lat. equitium/equitii
renesansi n Renaissance, renaissance
repertuari(s)
n adj repertoire=repertory
reproduqcia v n reproduce,reproduction
~naxatis
reproduce painting
reskripti=imperatoris werilobiTi pasuxi mimarTvaze,romelsac kanonis
Zala aqvs n sing/pl Lat. rescriptum/
rescriptumi
resursebis saWiroeba n covet resourses
resursi(T) n reserve,resource(s)
~mdidari adj resourse rich
~Raribi
adj
~ poor
restavratori n restorer
restavracia v n restore/restoration,retrieve
retuSi(s)(keTeba) n ger flacke/retouch(ing)
~(a)wneviTi
pressure ~
~brtyeli
plain
~
~gamafxianebeli
sharpening ~
~gamTanabrebeli
levelling ~
~gamrandavi
planning ~
~dakbiluli
notching/pronging ~
~damablagvebeli blunting ~
~damasrulebeli finishing ~
~damreci
sloping ~
~dartymiTi
blowing ~
~dawneviTi pressure ~
~irgvlivi
circular ~
~kidis
edge(marginal/rib) ~
rainduli adj chivalrous
raioni n district
rapira n (sword) rapier
rafa n window sill
rbili=lbili(ix.xasiaTi)
adj mild,soft,
tender
rbilobi(ix.mcenaris) n soft part of sth
rgoli(ix.xelis) n coil,hoop,link,ring(let)
Sua ~ middle ring
rgolisebri adj annular
realgari(s) n adj realgar
realur(i) adj actual,factual,real
~pirovneba a potentially identifiable/real
individual
regalia n sing/pl Lat. regale/regalia
regenti n regent
redaqtori n editor
~mTavari
GGeneral Editor
redaqcia n editorial office
~teqstis v ger n edify,editing,redaction
=sxvagvari wakiTxva v n edit(ion),interpret(ation),recension of the text
redkolegia n editorial board
revandi(s) n adj rhubarb, Rheum (Lat)
reversi=zurgi n pile,reverse
reziume n abstract,resumé,summary,synopsis/synopses (n sing/pl Lat)
rekva v ger clang(ing),ring(ing)
~zaris v n chime,peal,toll
rekonstruqcia v n reconstruct(ion),restore/restoration
religia n religion
~წarmarTuli n superstition
religiamdeli adj prelerigion
religiis msaxureba religious practices
~miReba v adopt,embrace
religiuri(ix.cxovreba) adj pious,religious,
sacred
~gamosaxuleba n religious expression(s)
~grZnoba n
~
sensibility
~Tanamdebobis piri ~ official
~saqmianoba n
~
activity
~Sewirva
~
dedication
~CarCoebi ~
precincts
~wyoba
~
institutions
reliefi(ix.ornamenti,xis)
n relief
~beqobiani
adj sloping/steepy ~
~borcviani adj downy/hilly
~
~brtyeli.swori adj planar relief
~daserili/daRaruli adj broken/indented
~daxrili
adj sloping terrain ~
153
~kontrdartymiTi counter-blowing ~
~kontrolirebadi controlled ~
~meoradi
secondary ~
~mkafio/mkveTri
abrupt/sharp ~
~msxvili
coarse/large-scale ~
~mcocavi
creeping ~
~nawilobrivi
partial ~
~naxevradRrma
half-deep ~
~naxevradcicabo
half abrupt/steep ~
~oriarusiani
distaged/double stage ~
~ormxrivi
bifacet(ed) ~
~pirimxaris front/right side ~
~regularuli=wesieri regular ~
~solutreuli
Solutrean ~
~uwesrigo
irregular ~
~Rrma
deep ~
~Canatexebiani ~ with breakings
~calmxrivi nonbiface ~
~cicabo
abrupt/steep ~
~wvrili/wminda
fine ~
~Wavlisebri
current ~
retuSis keTeba v ger fleke/retouch(ing),
work over
~ostati/xelsawyo n flaker
retuSori(piriani) n chisel-like ~
referati n abstract,essay
recenzenti
n reviewer
recenzia n review; v criticize,review
recepti n prescription,recipe
rehani(ix. SaSkvlavi) n adj basil, Ocinum
basilicum Lat
rvakuTxa n adj octagon(al)
rvawaxnaga n adj octahedron,octahedral
rvianis formis
adj figure-eight,sigmate
rTva v ger spin(ing)
rTveli
n v harvest,vintage
rTulad adv inextricably
rTuli adj alusive,complex,complicated,
compound,curlicue,difficult,elaborate,
opulent,problematic,sophisticated
rig... adv certain,desperate=disperate,some
riggareSe adj out of turn,(exra)ordinary,emergency
rigi... adj considerable…
rigi(ix.xazi) n array,order,range,rank,row,a
series of…
=wyeba n course,file of,line,queue,row
~wyobaSi(aguris/qvis) n course of
rigiTi adj common,ordinary
rigis mixedviT adv in a ranked order
rigSi(a) adv in the line(queue/stroke)
igive ~ adv on the same line
~Camwkrivebuli
(sth arranged in) street
type
~ Cawyoba
v n align(ed)(ment)
riza n cope,planet,vestment
rizaliti
n (Ital) risalita
rikuli n bar, baluster
rioliti=lipariti(s) n adj rhyolite
riski n v hazard,peril(s),risk
risxva v n fly into rage,proscription
ritorika/ritorikuli n adj rhetoric(a)
ritorikis gareSe adv to talk not posture
rituali(s)(ix.wesi) n ceremony,ritual,rite
~dakrZalvis funerary rite/ritual
~dacva observe the ritual,observance of ritual
practice
~Tanaxmad adv ritually
~saidumlo
mysterious ritual
~Sesruleba v perform/practice ~
~xangrZlivi protracted ~
ritualurad adv ritually
ritualuri adj ceremonial,cult,ritual(ized),
sacral
~danawevreba v ritual destruction through
burial
riye/riyis(ix.qva) n adj daw bank of the river
ricxvi(ix.cifri) n figure,numeral,number,
quantity
=TariRi n date
~iracionaluri
irrational number
~kenti
odd
~
~luwi
even
~
~martivi
prime ~
~mTeli
whole ~
~racionaluri rational ~
~ukana
antedate
~wina
postdate
ricxobrivi adj numerical
~upiratesoba
~
superiority
ricxovnoba n amount(s),number of sb/sth
rkali n ark,bow,brooch circle,ferrule,fillet,roundel,shaft
~amoRaruli/CaWdeuli recessed circle
~gadajvaredinebuli
crossbow ~
~zeviT gaxsnili
upward open ~
~marcxniv
~
circle open on the left
~marjvniv
~
~
~ ~ ~ right
~qveviT
~
downward open circle
rkalis garSemo adv around the circumference
~Sida mxare inner part of an arch/a hoop
rkalisebri adj arched,bowshaped,circular,penannular
154
rkaluri adj arched,bowshaped
rkina(ix.rkinis) n iron
~betoni(s) ferro-concrete,reinforces concrete
~ madneuli(s)
~ ore
~meteoruli n adj meteoric iron
rkinanarevi adj ferriferous
rkinaqva/qvis n adj iron-stone
rkiniT SeWedili adj iron-bound
rkinis(ix.Wedva,xana) adj iron
~gamoyeneba v ger iron-use(ing)
~damuSaveba v iron-working technology
~damuSavebis daxvewa mastering of ~ ~
~daferva v ger iron-plate(ing)
~dnoba v ger found(ing),melt(ing)
~madani/madnis n adj iron ore(s)
~ ~ motana v ger bring(ing) ores
~ ~ Semcveli adj iron bringing ore(s)
~madnidan gamodnoba v ger bloom(ing)
~masiuri warmoeba
massive process of
iron working
~miReba v n procure(ment) of ore/iron
~oqsidi(s) n adj oxide ore
~pirveli niSani first trickle of iron
~saidumlo n secret of iron
~saxelosno iron founding, foundry
~sulfidi(s) n adj sulphide ore
~farTo gavrceleba great expansion of
iron use,broad distribution of iron ore(s)
~Semosvla n emergence/introduction of iron
~Semcveli containing iron,ferruginous
rko(si) n adj acorn
rkosebri adj acorn-shaped
rodini(s)=qvasanayi(s) n grinding bowl,
mortar
~qva/qvis=filTaqva n adj pastle,pounder
rozmarini(s) n adj rosemary=Rosmarinus
offIcinalis (Lat)
rokaili n rocaille Fr.
roli(s)
n part,role
~gansazRvruli adj designated role
~Sesruleba v figure
~TamaSi v play a role
rom conj. But
romaeli mxedarTmTavris karavi n sing/pl
praetorium/ praetoriumi Lat.
romani(nawarmoebi) n novel
=siyvaruli n romance
romanuli adj Italic,Romany,Romanus,Romance
~enebi (the) Romance languages
~orderi
Italic order
romauli adj Roman
~banakis mTavari moedani=mxedarTmTavris karavi=samxedro sabWo=Stabi
n sing/pl Lat. praetorium/praetoriumi
rombi n sing/pl Lat. rhomb/rhombi
rombisebri/rombuli(ix.ornamenti) adj
rhomb-shaped
rostra
n sing/pl Lat. rostrum/rostra
rotonda
n rotonda
roWo n
capercailzie
rto=toti=Sto n branch
rtoebiani adj branchy
ruka
n map
rukaze datana v plot/trace on
~saxelis SenarCuneba v keep the name
on the map
~Strixi
n hatchure
rukis keTeba v ger map(ing)
rumbi(ix.tiki) n water/wine skin (usu.made
of ox-hide)
rustika/rusti n rusticus
rustikis keTeba v n rusticate(ion)
rqa/rqis=rqisebri Sverili(ix.sayviri) n
adj horn
~basri n adj sweeping horn(s)
~garsi(s)=rqovana(si) n adj cornea
~siuxvis Horn of Abundance/Plenty,cornucopia ( n sing/pl Lat)
rqamotexili adj polled
rqebdagrexili adj with horns bent
rRveva v n confound,destroy/destruction,dedeteriorate/deterioration
ryeva v n ger fluctuate/fluctuation,lumbast
(ing),sway,upheaval
=rxeva v ger shake(ing)
rCeba v remains,survives
rCeva v n advise/advice,recommend(ation),
suggest(ion)
~faseuli helpful suggertion
rCeuli(ix.Sromebi) adj distinguished,outstanding,selected,significant,terse
rCilva=darCilva v ger solder(ing) on
rCilviT Casmuli
adj
inserted
rcxila/rcxilis n adj beech-tree,Carpinus Caucasicus Lat.
rZe/rZis(ix.feri) n adj milk
~qalis
n adj
breast ~
~mowvela
v milk
rwmena n belief(in sth),consept,convention(s)
Creed,faith,persuasion,tonet
~aRiarebuli adj associate(d)
~warmodgenebi n pl usu. beliefs
rwmenaSi ganmtkiceba(ix.udreki) v be confirmed in confession of Christ,unwavering
155
in one‟sfaith
rwmenidan miqceuli n adj apostate
rwmenis Tavisufleba n freedom of worship,religious freedom
~kidobani(ebraelTa) Aron ha kodeshi
(Jew), Ark of Covenant, Shrine
~simbolo n symbol of persuasion
~Ralati give up/turn away from one‟s belief,apostacy=apostasy
rwmunebis sigeli n credential
rwmunebuli n attorney
rwyva v n irrigate/irrigation
rjuli n belief,faith
rjuls gandgomili adj apostate
rxeva v ger rock(ing)
~gamosavlianoba n ore output
~damuSaveba v work, be worked
~Ria n open pit mine
~ZarRvi/ZarRvuli n adj vein(mine)
sabazo adj base,basic
sabaziso adj basis
sabani Wreli n patchwork,quilt
sabaRe(ix.mebaReoba) adj horticultural
sabeli n rope,tie
saberveli n pl usu. bellows,blowpipe
sabeWdavi(ix.beWedi,Rili) n bullae,clay sea
ling,cretulae,sealing,signet,stamp seal
~brtyeli n stamp seal
~cilindruli n stamp cylinder
sabeWdavis gamosaxuleban seal impression
~saxeluri/yuri n knob
~teqsti n seal legend
sabeWuri(ix.samxariRlie) n shoulder strap
saboloo adj concludive,conclusive,consolidated,eventual,final,ultimate
~saxis micema
v finishing touch
sabolood adv at last,conclusively,entirely,
eventually,finaly,ultimately
sabrZolo(ix.xelovneba) adj battle, fighting
~naTloba
baptism of fire
sabuTi n argument,document,evidence,indication,proof,record,testimony
~gansxvavebuli adj contrasting evidence
=dasturi
n evidence,varrant
~mtkice adj firm evidence
~pirdapiri adj direct testimony,stark evidence
~udao adj irrefutable argument
~utyuari adj compelling evidence,poignant
testimony
=wyaro n source
sabuTiT…adv by an argument
sabZeli n hay-loft,a shed of chaff
sabjeni=bjeni n pier,prop
sagalobeli n chant,gospel,hymn
sagamofeno adj display,exhibition
sagamocemo(ix.wina) adj publication
sagani(ix.sagnis) n article,artifact,item,object,
subject
~ganxilvis n case in point
~gaurkveveli n miscellaneous object
~Tayvaniscemis n venerated
~
~romelic yvelganaa(mag.qoTani) n ubiquitous/utilitarian ~
~yoveldRiuri utilitirarian ~
saganZuri(s) n treasury
~mcveli
n treasurer
s
saabazano n bathroom
saagarako
adj country,resort
saaTi n
clock,watch
=drois monakveTi n hour
~mzis n
gnomon,sundial
~qviSis
n hour/sand glass
~wylis
n water-clock
saaTis isris mimarTulebiTadv clock-wise
~
~
sapirispirod
adv counter ~
~sizustiT adv like clockwork
saalyo adj siege
~manqana n scorpio,siege engine(s)
~nageboba(ni) n siege structure(s)/work(s)
saanderZo adj bequest
saarako adj epic
saarsebo adj living,subsistance
~modeli n subsistence model
~saqmianoba n
~
activity
~forma/wesi n mode of subsistance
saarqivo adj archival
saaqao n earthly/this life,life before the future
life
saaqimo adj curative,healing
~wigni book of home cure
saaRdgomo
adj paschal
~dResaswauli
Easter (holiday)
saaRlumo(ix.aRlumi) adj parade
saaRmsareblo(taZarSi) n adj confessional
saaRricxvo(ix.wigni) adj registration
~furceli recording sheet
saaxoe(ix.meurneoba) adj slash and burn/swidden cultivation
sabado(s) n adj mine, ore(deposit),outcrop
~aTviseba v n exploit(ation)
156
sagareo adj exterior,foreign,outer,outward
sagduli(ani) n adj leaf,valve(d)
sagebi(ix.safeni) n mat, rag
sagvareulo n adj ancestral,clan,descent,family,pedigree
~nivTi n heirloom=heir loom
sagvartomo adj pedigree
sagzali n provision
sagzebeli n fire-altar
saglinvela n roller
sagnebis nakrebi n set of…(certain objects)
sagnis anatvifri n cast,imprint
~bolo
n foot
~gverdi n side
~Tavi
n top
~profili n elevation
~warbi
n fold,groove(s),rabbet,slot
sagubari n dam lake,reservoir
saguSago n barrier,gate,guard post,outpost,
picket
sada adj artless,blank,humble,modest,plain,
simple
sadave(ebi) n halter,reins
sadazvervo adj exploratory,prospecting,sondage,sounding,trial
~ormo
n test-pit/well
~ ~ sakontrolo n control/testing pit
sadauroba vinmesi n etnicity
~ramis
origin,original significance
sadafi(s) n adj mother of pearl
sadafiT inkrustirebuli adj nacred
sadgami=sadgari n base,plinth,prop,stand,
support
sadgisi n awl,pricker
sadgomi n dwelling(place),lodging,housing,
home,settling site,stopping place
~droebiTi temporary fwelling/lodge
~monadireTa hunters‟ house
sadideblad adv extol(ing)
sadinarebiani adj chanelled
sadinari n mouth
sadiskusio(ix.sakamaTo) adj argumentative,controversial
sadme adv anywhere,elsewgere,wherever
~sxvagan elsewhere,somewhere else
sadnobi adj foundry,smeltry,smithy
sadrenaJo adj drain(ing)
sadurglo adj wood-working
sadResaswaulo adj celebratory,ceremonial,
festive,holiday
saegzarqoso adj exarchate
saeklesio(ix.eklesia,eklesiis,samonast-
ro) adj
church,ecclesiastical
~samosis salaro n sacristry
~samsaxuri v afficiate,celebrate,conduct,
serve/service(s)
~saqmianoba n religious work
~Semosavali n temporalty
~cxovreba ecclesiastical life,monasticway
of life
~wigni
vestry book
~xuroTmoZRvreba ecclesiastical architecture
saeparqio adj diocesan
~skola
church secondary school
saepiskoposo adj archbishopric,archdiocese,
Episcopal,Episcopate
saerTo adj common,communal,general,ovverall, total
~warmomavloba cognate origin/significance
saerTod adv formerly,in common/general,generaly
saerisTavo
n dukedom
saero(ix.piri,cxovreba,xelisufleba,xel
ovneba,xuroTmoZRvreba) adj lay,mundane,public,secular,social,temporal,worldly
~saqmeni
temporal affairs
~cxovrebidan gandgoma make a retreat
saeqsperto adj expertly (researches)
saeWvo adj ambiguous,doubtful,dubious,hesitant,questionable,precarious,suspectable,
suspicious,uncertain,challengeable
saeWvod adv ambiguously,doubtfully,questionably,precariously
savazne n bandoleer,cartridge belt
savalalo(d) adj adv regretful(ly),sad(ly)
savaldebulo adj indispensable/obligatory
to/for,required
savaluto adj currency
savane(ix.udabno)
n shrine
=monasteri n cell
=samoTxe n paradise
savaraudo adj anticipatory,assumed,assumptive,conjectural,expectable,feacible,hypothetical,inference,plausible,potential,presumed,presumptive,probable,provisional,
prospective,supposed,suspectable,alleged,eventual,suggesting,tentative
savaraudod adv apparently,considerably,hypothetically,possibly,presumably,presumptively,probably,randomly,supposedly,
tentativly
savarcxeli/(da)varcxna n v comb
savarcxlisebri adj comb-shaped
savaWro adj commercial,trade(ing)
157
~garigeba n bargain
~urTierTobani trade relations
~centri n trading post,emporium/emporia
(n sing/pl Lat.)
savedreblad...
adv entreaty
savele adj field
~dRiuri
~ diary, notes
~kvleva-Zieba
~ researches
~monapovari
~ evidence
~samuSao
~ work
~sezoni
~ season
savse
adj full/replete of sth
~pirTamde
sth packed with sth
~sicocxliT adj vibrant
sazavo SeTanxmeba n treaty trade
sazamTro=zamTris adj winter,wintry
sazedaSe
adj Holy, sacramental
sazeimo adj celebration,celebratory,ceremonial,triumphal
~miReba n reception
~ritualis monawile(ni) celebrant(s)
~Sexvedra tribute
saziaro
adj common,(to) share(d) sth
sazidari(ix.etli,oTxTvala) n cart,carriage,vehicle
~adamianis n sedan chair
~msubuqi light chariot
~samTvala n tricycle
sazogado(ix.moRvawe) adj common,public
sazogadodadv in general,generally speaking
sazogadoeba n public,society
~dabali general population/society,lower
classes
~maRali upper ranks of society,high classes
~narCevi select society
~saero secular
~
~saxelmwifoebriobamde misuli state level society
~swavlulTa learned society
sazogadoebaSi damkvidreba v obtain/win
the footing
~did simaRleze adv at the altitude
~mniSvnelovani mdgomareoban foreground
~triali v move/mingle in society
~cnobili vinme n eminence
sazogadoebidan gariyva v n ostracise/ostracism,supplant
~garideba v go into retreat
~gariyuli adj ostracized,social outcast
sazogadoebis ganStoeba n remification
~daSla v n disintegrate/disintegration
~fena n class,section,stratum/strata (n
sing/pl Lat)
~dabali fena lower class,general society
~zeda ~ upper crast(er)/ranks of society
~mravalricxovani ~ populous social strata
~saSualo ~ middle class
~fenebad dayofa v n stratify/stratification
~Sekvra v bond the society
sazogadoebrivi adj public,social
~xasiaTis adj public character
sazomi
n measure,yardstick
sazrdo n a living
sazrdooba v fuel
sazurge adj back,dorsal,over the shoulders
sazRauri n toll
sazRvao(ix,gza,saxelmwifo) adj maritime,
marine,sea(ward)
~vaWroba sea-based trade(ing)
~gadazidva
sea-borne
sazRvaosno adj nautical,naval
sazRvarze/sazRvarTan adv on the borders of (any country)
sazRvari(ix.tyis,WiSkari) n border(line),
boundary,confine,frontier,interface
between,threshold
~gadaulaxavi/dauZleveli unconquerable
frontier
~daculi fortified frontier,limes n Lat.
~kulturuli cultural interface
~saerTo share border
=CarCo n coverage,scope
sazRvravs v defines,determines,identifies,
judges,marks
sazRvrebs iqiT/miRma adv beyond confines
sazRvrebSi adv (sth lying) within the borders/confines
sazRvris gavleba(ix.qva) v border
~gareT adv beyond border(s)
~dadgena v define border(s)
~moSla v eraze (established) borders
~Signi
adv witin the confines of…
~sveti/qva n adj border post/stone
sazRvrispira adj frontier, marginal
saTadarigo
adj spare
~nawilebi n pl fitments,fittings
~nawili n sing spare part
saTavado
n duchy,principality
saTave n beginning,commencement,source
~daudo sb/sth gave birth/rise to sth
saTaveebze Tvalis gadavleba/gadevneba
v n affiliate/affiliation
saTaves iRebs…v sth is rooted in sth,sth stems
from sth
158
saTaveSi Cadgoma v head,set out/stand at
the head of sth
saTavis dadeba v lay the foundation,originate,give the rise to sth
~damdebi vinme n originator
~ ~
rame n originative
~moZieba v n affiliate/affiliation, look/seek
for
saTavno
n dowry
saTavsi=saTavso(ix.sakani) n chamber,copartment,structure,room
~damoukidebeli independent/separate
structure
~damxmare accessory(ancillary,subsidiary)
chamber,sacristry,supporting structure
~erTmaneTSi gamavali communicating
chambers/rooms
=minaSeni
annexe
~miwisqveSa n hypogeum
~ 1 oTaxiani single room structure
~ufanjro n blind chamber
saTamaSo n toy
saTanado adj appropriate,apt,aptitude,coherent,considerable,fair,fitting,formal,germane,proper,proxy,relevant,required,requisite,sufficient,sustainable
saTanadod adv appropriately,properly,relevantly,sufficiently,aptly
saTao
adj head,leading
saTauri(ix.qve...) n caption,head,title
saTauriT adv under (this) rubric
saTayvano=saTayvanebeli adj venerated
saTvalavSi Cagdeba v take sth into (a)count
saTevzao adj fishing
~mowyobiloba n fishing gear
saTvistomo n colony,friendly society of persons coming from same country
saTi(s)=giSeri/giSris n adj (g)agate
saTibi n meadow
saTiTe n thimble
saTleli(kaJis/obsid.) n piéce éqaille Fr
saTnoeba n virtue
saTofuri n crenellation,gap, loophole
saTofuris gakeTeba v crenellate
saTxari
n digging stick,trowel
saidumlo(ix.rituali,wminda) n adj clandestine,confidential,enigmatic,mysterious/mystery,sacrament(al),secret,secrecy
~naweri
cryptographic writing
~sabWo
Privi Council
~sacavi
hiding place, cashè (Fr)
~seroba the Last Supper
saidumlodadv clandestinely,in secret/secrecy
saidumloeba=saidumlo n enigma,mystery,sacrament,secret,secrecy
saidumloebiT mosili/moculi adj enigmatic,mysterious,sth surrounded by
mystery,weird
saidumloebrivi adj mysterious, weird
saidumlos amoxsna/gaxsna n v clue,expose/exposure
~gamJRavneba break a secret
saizolacio(ix.izolacia) adj insulating
sailustracio(d) adj adv exemplary,illustrative
~ramisa for illustration of sth
saimedo adj dependable,hopeful,never-failing,
reliable,safe,secure,trustworthy
~nakleb less secure
saimedod adv hopefully,safely,securely
saimedooba n reliability,solidity
saistorio adj historic(al)
saiqio(ix.saaqao,cxovreba) n afterlife,the
beyond,the future/other life,kingdom come,next world,Hades
sakaTalikoso(ix.kaTalikosi) adj Catholikos
sakaTedro
n adj cathedral,minstrel
sakalao=samkalao n tinning,tinsmith‟s shop
sakamaTo(a) adj controversial,debatable,matter of debate,debated,haggling,polemic,problrmatic,sth under discussion
sakamaTod adv polemically
sakanalizacio(ix.kanalizacia) adj canalization,sanitary
~mili n cesspipe
~nageboba sanitary engineering
~sawreti ormo catch pit
~sistemacanalization,sanitation,sewer system
sakani(ix,saTavsi,samarxis) n chamber,loculus/loculi (n sing/pl Lat.)
~cixis n (prison) cell
sakanWuri(ix.paiWi) n anklet,shin-pad,shackles
sakare(ix.karis) adj door
sakaro=karis(ix.samefo) adj courtly,royal
sakace(ix.taxtrevani) n litter, stretcher
sakeisro(kveTa)
adj Caesarian
sakerveli n patch
~liTonis
n clamp
sakerpe n idol place
saketi n bolt,closure,latch,lock,trigger
~TokiT gadbmuli n latch (tied with a rope)
=urduli n lock(ing)
sakece=maSa n pl usu. tongs
159
sakvamuri(s) n adj chimney,drain,flue,funnel
shaft
~keramikuli yuTebi Sedgenili 4 kramitisagan n box flue/tile
sakvarTuli(ix.lekverTxi) n gaiter strap
sakvebad vargisi adj edible
sakvebi(s)=saWmeli/saWmlis n diet,foodstaff,meal
~damzadeba v ger forage(ing)
~damamzadebeli n forager
~maragi n provision
~mTavari/ZiriTadi n core of sb‟s diete,dietary
~momzadeba v ger n cook(ing),prepare/preparathion,process(ing),produce/pdodduction
~mopoveba v n procure(ment)
~myari solids
~narCenebi food waste,garbage,remains
sakvlevi(Tema,sakiTxi) adj problem area
sakidi(ix.yunwi,yuri,Cxaruna) n peg,rack,
stand,tang
=kauWi n projection
=samkauli n pendant,pennant
=
~
suraTiT n locket
sakiTxze...
on aspects/the question…
sakiTxi n aspect,issue,matter,question,problem,theme,thing(s),topic
sakiTxisaTvis…on/towards a history ofsb/sth,
on aspects of…
sakinZi n brooch,clothes pin,fastener,fibula,
garment secure,hasp,(safty)pin
~borblisebri wheel-shaped pin
~burTula
ball/globe-headed ~
~gedis yelisebri swan-like ~
~grexili
twirly ~
~diskosebri
~ with discshaped head,
saucer-headed pin
~vazisebri
vase-headed ~
~Tavbrtyeli flat/plain headed=flat-topped
~TavburTula ball-ended(sphere,spherical)
~Tavkveriani/CaquCisebrTaviani hammerheaded ~
~Tavdaxveuli ~ with tied/twisted end/top
~Tavxvia n roll/spiral headed ~
~maryuJTaviani
knot/loop headed ~
~mzesumziris yvavilisebri sunflower ~
~morkaluli
ring-headed ~
~orTaviani
two-heade ~
~ormagtesebri
beamed double-crutch ~
~reliefurTaviani ~ with embossed/raised head
~samfrTaTaviani
~ with three lacinate
head
~satexisebri
~ with chisel-shaped head
~sekiraTaviani
~ with pole-axe head
~T- sebri
crutch-headed ~
~sferulTaviani ~ with sphere-shaped
head
~tansacmlis clothes pin
~tyavis ~ toggle
~yayaCos parkisebri
poppy-headed ~
~Sekiduli tied-up bow-shaped ~
~Zvlis n bone toggle
~WvirulTaviani ~ with open-work/filigree
head
~xaxvisTava
bulb-headed ~
sakinZis Tavi n pin-head/top
~damagreba/mimagreba v pin
~Reri n pin-rod
sakire ormo
n lime-pit
saklavi
n stock for slaughter
sakmazi(ix.Sekmazva) n spice
sakmao adj enough
sakmeveli/sakmevlis(ix.gundruki(s) n
adj incense, thus
sakontrolo adj control,testing
sakoWuri(ix,paiWi,sakanWuri) n strap
sakravi(ix.TefSebi) n (musical) instrument
~eniani the reeds of…
~klaviSebiani keyboard instrument
~sasule (xis)
the woods
~simebiani
stringed instrument
~Casaberi=sasule wind
~
sakravis satuCe
n mouthpiece
sakrebulo n assembly
sakrZalavi(ix.samarxi,saxli) n burial
sakuTari adj own,personal,private,self-centered
sakuTreba n belongings,property
sakuTrebaSi adv sth in possession
sakulto adj cult,religious,shrine
~darbazi n cella(e),cult chamber
~rituali n cult ritual
~saqmianoba n cultic practices
~sivrce n cult/sacred space
sakulule(samkauli) n spiral hair-pin
sakurTxeveli n altar,credence table,sancctuary,shrine
~warmarTuli pagan sanctuary
sakurTxevlis safari n vestment
sakurTxi n gifts for repose of sb‟s soul
sakuWnao(saostigno) n cellar,lumbar(stocking/store) room,pantry
160
salamuri n fife=pipe
salaSqrod adv ready to take field
salbi(s) n adj Sag, Salvia officinalis Lat.
salbuni(ix.malamo) n ointment
salesi(ix.qva) n grind/rub stone,knife-sharpener
~wmindamarcvlovani fine grain grind/rub
stone,touchstone
salewi(ix.lewva) adj threshing
salocavi(ix,taZari) n chapel,meeting house,place of worship,sanctuary
salte n fillet
salxinebeli(sulisa) n Purgatory
salxinebeli=katafalki(ital) n hearse
samagri(ix.gamiri,Cangali) n brace,factener
er,prop
~damWeri
n fitting, stud
~Tarazuli n clamp
~Senobis nawilebis(Tarazuli) n braces,timbering
~ Sveuli
n
dowel
samadlobeli
n thanks(giving)
~RvTis mimarT
Eucharist
samalavi n barrier,ceiling,screen,cachè (Fr)
~adamianis n hideout
samamulo adj domestic
samani=mijna boundary,landmark
=manZilis maCvenebeli n milestone
samanWvle n rivet(hole)
samarcxvino adj disgraceful
~daRi n sing/pl Lat. stigma/stigmatis
samarxebsSoris sivrce
intraburial space
samarxeuli adj burial
~kompleqsi ~ context(contents,sequence)
funerary context
~kompleqsis gareSe ~ lack(ing) (of)
archaeological context
~masala
~ set
~nivTebi n pl usu. finds,grave goods,offerings
samarxvo adj meager
samarxze borcvis aRmarTva v heap the
mound
~Zelfenili n over tomb girder
samarxi(ix.samare,saflavi) n burial,grave,
interment,a single cemetery,resting
place/point,tomb
~akldama
n charnel house,sepulcher,aqueldam (Jew)
~alizis
adobe/mud-brick burial/tomb
~arasruli/dazianebuli partial burial
~arxSi
trench grave
~bavSvis
infant/juvenile burial
~gauZarcvavi
unrifled burial/tomb
~gaZarculi
plundered/robbed ~ ~
~geja
burial log
~gorasamarxi=yorRani barrow burial,burial mound,tumulus/tumuli n sing/pl Lat.
~dazianebuli damaged(disturbed,incompLlete) burial/tomb
~didgvarovanTa elite tomb
~dolmeni dolmen,megalithic chamber,table-stone burial/tomb
~eklesiis iatakis qveS sing/pl Lat. crypta/crypte
~erTxel gamoyenebuli primary burial
~etli
chariot ~
~Taro burial/tomb with a shelf in one side
~Tixis yuTi
funeral urn of clay
~Tixisfila
clay plinth grave/tomb
~inhumaciuri
inhumation burial/grave
~katakombi
catacomb ~
~
~kacis
male
~
~kenotafi(ix,samaxsovro) sing/pl Lat.
cenotaphium/cenotaphi
~kldeSi nakveTi
rock-cut burial/tomb
~koleqtiuri
mass/multiply ~ ~
~kramitiT daxuruli tile-roofed ~
~kramitsamarxi
tile/tile-built ~
~kromlexi
cromlech (Welsh)
~lodsamarxi
stone-box burial/tomb
~samkuTxa V-perforation
samaradiso=samaradJamo(ix.wyevla) adj
endless,eternal,everlasting,forever
samaradisod=samaradJamod adv for..,
forever
~SenarCuneba v n perpetuate/perpetuation
samare(ix.samarxi) n grave
samarTebeli n razor
samariseburi adj deathly,sepulchral
samarovani=sasaflao n burial ground/site,
cemetery,grave yard,necropolis/necropolies (Lat)
~dasaxlebis miRma extramural cemetery
~kargad Semoxazuli well-circumscribed ~
~mravaliarusiani multy-stage cemetery
~mravalfeniani multy-layer(ed) ~
~mowyvetili/Sori distant ~
~ rigiTi
common/ordinary ~
~saerTo sargeblobiscommunal burial site
samarovnis kide n fringe
samartvilo
adj excruciating,torment
samarSruto
adj rout
samarCielo(ix.koWebi) adj divination
161
~magaroni/megaroni
hall-porch burial,magaron=megaron
~qvayuTi cist-grave,stone-lined cist tomb
~qvevrsamarxi ceramic container,clay cist
(jug/pithos)burial
~qviT nagebi=qvis stone-built/chamber ~
~qviT/ZegliT
n tomb
~Raribuli
scanty burial
~yorekldiani
quarry stone ~
~yuTi
funeral urn
~ ~ qvis
cist, urn of stone
~ ~ Tixis
urn of clay
~Saxturi(ix.Wa)
shaft grave
~CasasvleliT saxuravidanchamber tomb
~CaSvebuli
inlet burial/tomb
~ZelebiT amogebuli burial/tomb with timber framing of logs,log burial chamber
~Zelsamarxi
burial framework
~wriuli qvayriliT ~ with circular barrow
Wa~ (ix.Saxturi) burial well,burial in a well
~xeluxlebeli intact/undisturbed burial
samarxis alageba v ger collect(lift,pick)(ing)
~aRnagoba n burial construction
~borcvi
n
mound
~borcvis Tavi n summit of the mound
~borcvqveS(a) adv adj beneath the mound
~gareT adv out of/outside the grave
~ganwmenda v n purify/purification,rectify/
rectification
~gamarTva
v n arrange(ment)
~gamyofi fila
septal slab
~gaZarcva
v lot,plunder,rob
~gaxsna v bring to light,uncover,unearth
~gora n barrow
~ ~ qvamiwayriliani n ~of soil and stones
~dazianeba v n disturb(ance),intrude/intrusion
~darbazi n funerary chamber
~zvini/zvinuli n heap,mound
~inventari n companion/contemporary
objects,contents,context,grave goods
offerings
~kompleqsi n burial/grave context
~laqa
~ spot
~ormo n pit
~ ~ kuTxeebmomrgvalebuli subrectangular ~
~ ~ qviT nagebi da daxuruli cist tomb
~sakani/senaki
~ chamber
~saknis saxuravi qva n cover,lid,slab
~ ~
~
~ xvreliT n part-hole
slab
~saxuravi burial cover/roof
~mastaba
mastaba
~mdidruli burial rich of offerings,lavish
(richly furnished,wealthy) burial/tomb
rewarding in finds/offerings,burial with
panoply of goods
~mdinareSi
river burial
~mTavari
central/main tomb
~miwaSi earthen grave
~miwisqveSa (?) n hypogeum
~mravaljer gamoyenebuli multiply burial
~nawilobriv gaTxrili in part excavated
~ori micvalebuliT double burial
~oriarusiani
two-staged ~
~ormosamarxi earthen/roofed pit,pit/shaft tomb,simple pit interment
~orsenakiani double-chamber burial/tomb
~orsulis
burial of female with foetus
~orjer gamoyenebuli
secondary tomb
~oqroTi savse(ix.mdidruli) gold
laden ~
~ramdenime micvalebuliT(ix.koleqtiuri) multiply burial/tomb
~ritualuri
ritual ~
~
~sakani/senaki n
chamber
~saknis/senakis Sesasvleli n antechamber
~samarovnis gareT out of context tomb
~samaxsovro(ix.kenotafi) (co)memorial/
memorable burial/tomb
~saojaxo
family ~ ~
~sarkofagi sing/pl Lat. sarcophagus/sarcophagi
~safexurebiani
stapped burial/tomb
~saxeldaxelo
hasty
~
~saxlis iatakis qveS tomb sunken into
floor,grave sealed with floor
~taZari temple-tomb
~uzvinulo
moundless ~ ~
~uTavo micvalebulis decapitated burial
~uinventaro
empty ~
~uormoo
pitless ~
~urna
furerary urn
~uflis
Lord‟s grave
~filasamarxi plinth/slab-built burial/tomb
~filaqviT daxurulislab-covered ~ ~
~forani
wooden-bier
~
~
~qalis
female
~
~
~qvamiwayriliani soil and stone barrow
~qvasamarxi/qvayuTi
stone-box ~
~qvayriliani(ix.gora...) barrow
162
~
~
~
~
qvayuTis n cover, lid
gvirgviniT/sayrdenebiT corbelled roof
~
~
dolmenis
cap stone
~
~ Zelfenili girder/overtomb cover
~saxuravis Sida mxare
inner ceiling
~uReli
n baulk
~yrili(ix. gora)
n barrow, heap
~Sesasvleli n entrance shaft,porthole
~
~
daxrili
sloping ramp
~
~
derefani n antechamber
~
~
saxuravidan tomb approached
from above by staircase
~
~ qviT amogebuli porthole lined
with slabs,stones
~
~ filebiT mogebuli flagged
area
~Sesasvlelis mosagebi filebi
porthole slabs
~Signi
inside the grave
~wre qvebiT n peristalith
~xelaxla gaTxra v n re-excavate(ion)
~ ~
gaxsna
v ger re-open(ing)
~xis sareceli n wooden bier
samarxisTvis sagangebod sth for funerary
use,sth produced for funerary use
samarxSi aRmoCnda the tomb contained/yielded..,burial provided..,there have been
recovered from the burial…
~gamyofi fila septal slab
~micvalebuls axlda/Catanebuli
qonda... body was accompanied…
~nayari miwa n pl only
falls
~nivTebs Soris Camateba v intersperse
~Cadgma v construct,deposit,put in
~Casveneba v lie to rest
~Cataneba v accompany/conduct the body
~Cawyoba v encase gifts in the burial/tomb
samaxsovro adj comemorative,(co)memorial,memorable
~saCuqari n token
=saxsovari/mosagonari n rememberance
samajuri(ix.moneta,fexis) n bracelet
~boloebgadaRunuli ~ with the ends bent
~boloebgadaxveuli ~
~tied ends
~boloebgaSlili ~ ~ expanded ends
~boloebgafarToebuli ~ ~ widened~
~boloebgaxsnili ~ ~ open(penannular/loose) ~
~boloebdaxveuli/Tavebdaxveuli ~ with
twisted ~
~boloebSeerTebuli ~ with the ends held
together
~brtyeli
flat ~
~grexili/xveuli
torque/twisted ~
~erTmaneTze gadasuli boloebiT ~
with the ends intermingled
~zurgSedrekili ~ with the back bent inwards
~mklavis/samklauri
n armlet
~mSvildosnis n bracer, wristguard
samajuris Sesakravi n snap
samganzomilebiani adj three-dimensional
samganzomilebianoba n thee-dimensionality
samganyofilebiani adj tripartite
samgloviaro adj funeral,mournful
~galoba
n dirge
~zaris rekva v knell
~procesia
funeral procession
samdivno n secretariat
samdinaro(ix.mdinare,gza)
adj river
sameba n One in Three=Three in One=Trinity;
the Godhead/Godfather,the Son and
Holy Spirit
~dRe Whitsun Day
~dResaswauli Trinity Sunday
sameTuneo(ix.meTuneoba,qura,Rumeli) adj
potter(ing),potter‟s
samekavSireo adj liason
samemkvidreo(ix.memkvidreoba) adj inheritance
~baJi n
~ tax
~kanoni n ~ law
~mamuli n patrimony
samenovani adj trilingual
samercxuli n dovecot,gable window
sameurneo(ix.cxovreba) adj economic,household
~ormo
refuse dump
~saTavsi n household,larder, pantry
~ ~ damxmare n accessory chamber
samefo(ix.porfiri) n kingdom,realm,royal
(ty)
~brZaneba n royal command
~gaerTianebuli n coalescing kingdom
~gvaris sb of the royal blood
~didebuleba royal magnificence/manifestation
~kari(s) court(ly),royal(ty),Royal Household
~ ~ didebuli n courtier
~ojaxi(s)
Royal Family/Household
~ ~
wevri n royalty
~rezidencia royal resodence
~samflobelo n realm
163
~taxti n (royal) throne
~Zalaufleba n regal power
~warmomavloba n royalty
~xazi royal line
~xazis umcrosi Sto cadet branch of royal
line
~xelisufleba royal ~
~xelisuflebis simbolo emblem of royalty=crown
~jari royal troops
samefos adj kingdom,royal
~dasusteba v felter
~dacema v suffer collapse,wane
~Seqmna v create/forge kingdom
samecniero adj scholarly,sciential,scientific,
learned
~aparati
scholarly apparatus
~aparatiT aRWurva v reference
~dakvirveba v n observe/observation
~kvleviTi
adj research,scientific
~ ~ dawesebuleba n research centre
~literatura n scholarly literature
~literaturaSi/brunvaSi Semosvla
v filter into scholarly literature
~naSromi paper,treatise,work
~sabWo n board of scholars/scientists
~sazogadoeba
learned society
~xarisxi(s)
(university) degree
~ ~ miReba v n commence(ment) (of)~
~ ~ mopoveba v gain ~
~ xelmZRvaneli n supervisor of studies
samzareulo n adj cook house,kitchen
~erovnuli n cuisine
~nagavi
kitchen debris
~narCenebi ~ rubbish
~narCenTa kultura kitchen midden culture
~saqmianoba n kitchen practice
samzeri(ix.Cafxuti,CaCqani,wina) n visor
samTaviani adj three-headed
samTavro n dukedom,principality
~mcire petty principality
samTamadno adj ore mine(ing)
samTiTa=samTiTi
n trident
samTo(saqme)
adj n mining
~gamonamuSevari n mine work-out,mining
working
~samuSaoebi mining work
~xelsawyo(eb)i n pl miner tool(s)
samikitno n sing/pl Gr. thermopolium/thermopoliumi
samizne(ix.damizneba) n target
samiwaTmoqmedo adj agricultural,farming
samijne(ix.mijna,samani) adj landmark
samkauli(s) n adj adornment,mounting,dressing objects,ornament(s),decoration/decorative pieces
~saxe
n design
~mxatvruli saxe artistic ~
samkerde
adj breast
samkerduli(ix.polotiki,cxenis) n breast plate, pectoral
samkveTlo=ariTezisi(berZn) n sing/pl Lat.
pastophorium/pastophoriumi (Lat),credence table
samklauri n armlet
samkuTxa(ix.ornamenti) adj gabled,trefoil,
triangular
samkuTxedi n adj triangle
~araTanabargverdebiani scaline ~
~guli samosze(ix.mrgvali) n adj Vneck
~maxvilkuTxa n oxygon
~wveriT gareT outward pointing triangle
~ ~
zeviT upward
~
~
~ ~
qveviT downward ~
~
~ ~
Signi
inward
~
~
samkurnalo adj curative,healing
samlocvelo(ix,saxli,warmarTuli) n
chapel,sacrarium/sacraria(Lat),sanctuary,oracle,temple
~warmarTuli pagan sanctuary
sammagi adj threefold,triple
sammxrivi adj trilateral
samnawiliani adj threefold,tripartite
samoTxe
n Eden, paradise
~dedamiwaze
Heaven before sb dies
samomxmareblo adj consimer
samonastro(ix.saeklesio) adj conventual,
monastic
~kompleqsi monasterial complex
~meurneoba monastery economy/keeping
~miwebi
chapter lands
~skola
convent/priory school
~cxovreba
monastic way of life
samoneto(ix.moneta,monetaruli,monetis)
adj coinage,monetary
samosaxlo n settling
samosi(ix.porfiri) n costume,clothes,garments,array,rainment,robe,vesture
~viwro/momdgari adj tight,fitted tightly,
skin tight
~mdidruli adj smart clothes,finery
~micvalebulis n cerecloth
~mRvdlis n cope,sacred vestments
164
~saeklesio n attire,chasuble,riza,robs
~specialuri n habit
~talRisebri nakecebiT …with billowing
drapery
~ welSi gamoyvanili fitted tightly at the
waist
samoqalaqo adj civic,civil(ian)
~areuloba civil unrest
samociqulo adj apostolic(al)
~teqsti sakiTxavi
n Gr. Aprakos
samrevlo adj parish
~skola priory school
samrewvelo adj manufacturing
samsaxuri(ix.saeklesio,saxelmwifo,jari)
v n serve/service(s),employ(ment),function,work
samsaxuris gaweva v render the service
samsWvali n kingpin, nail,
samsxverplo n adj (sacrifice) altar,sacrificial
~mSvidobis
altar of piece
~qristianuli credence table
~cecxli(warmarTuli) sacrifial fire
samsxverplod dakvla n v mortuary,ritual
slaughter,sacrifice
samsxverplos dakvla v n immolate/immolation
samsxvrevela n crusher
samsxmelo(ix.WurWeli) adj n casting(founding,smelting) house,foudry
~nawiburi n cast line
~ormo
n casting/founding pit
~yalibi n cast,mould,casting mould
samtro
adj hostile
samtuCa(ix.WurWeli) adj triple rim,tripoid
(rimmed)
samudamo(ix.patimroba) adj lasting,longlived,perpetual
samudamod adv forever,irrevocably
samuzeumo(ix.masala,muzeumis,xelSeuvali) adj museum‟s
samuSao(ix.savele,samsaxuri) n affair(s),
labour,matter,job,occupation,work(ing)
~gadarCeniTi rescue operation
~gegma
working plan
~didi grand scale work
~iZulebiTi forced labour
~katorRuli penal service
~moedani n area,space
~mZime ard/robust labour/work
~Zala n manpower
~Zalis marTva marshal into labor force
~Zeglze v n excavate/excavation
~ ~ garda gaTxrisa n v ger record(ing)
~hipoTeza working hypothesis,tentative
problem
samuSaoTa warmoeba v carry out,direct,run
samfexa/samfexi(ix.Stativi) adj n threelegged,tripod
~cecxlze dasadgmeli n andiron,trivet
samflobelo n ager (Lat), compound,estate,domain,possession,realm
samfoTola adj tripetalous
samRebro n dye-house
samRvdeloeba n clergy,monks,ministry,priestly class,priesthood
~TeTri
secular clergy
~ maRali
dignitary
~Savi
regular clergy
samyaro(s) n macrocosm,universe,world,mileux/miliew (Fr)
~antikuri
Antique world/sphere
~berZnuli
Greek
~
~
~klasikuri Classical ~
~romauli
Roman
~
~Seqmna(ix.Sesaqme) v n create/creation of
the world
samyofeli
n home of…
=sacxovrisi n home,residence
samSabaTi(ariasi,marsi) n Tuesday
samSeneblo(ix.xelovneba,xe-tye) adj
building,construction,engineering
~detalebis samagri n brace(s)
~detali
constructive detail
~nagavi/narCeni n remnants,rubbish,spoilearth
~saqme
n building,engineering
~teqnika architectural engineering
~fena
building layer/level
~horizonti n phase
samSvenisi n knick-knack,trinket
samSvinveli n moving spirit and heart
samSoblo(ix.monatreba) n home(country/
land)
~meore second home
~pirveli(ramis) n home
samwaxnaga adj three-edged
samwevri
n adj trinominal
samwuxaro(d) adj adv alas,pitily,regretably,sad(ly),unfortunate(ly)
samwyemso(ix.mwyemsi) adj pastoral
samwyso n congregation,flock,fold,parish
samWedlo n forge,smithy,a shop for production of metal objects
samxareo adj cantonal,regional
165
samxariRlie(ix.sabeWuri) n baldric
~Tasma
n shoulder belt/strap
~savazne n bandoleer,cartridge belt
samxatvro adj art
samxedro adj military
~aRWurviloba n accountrement
~aristokratia warrior aristocracy
~banaki
military camp
~korpusi n pl usu. corps
~mTavroba
military government
~moqmedeba(ni)
~ act(ion)/operations
~saqme
soldiering
~tituli n rank
~xalxi n military establishment
~xuroTmoZRvreba ~ architecture
samxerxao
n timber works,sawmill(s)
samxece n menagerie
samxre(ix.sabeWuri,samxariRlie) n shoulder-belt/mantle
samxreTeli n southerner
samxreTi
n
south
samxreTiT adv southward(s),to the south
ukiduresi ~ most southern,southmost,
southernmost
samxreTuli adj southern
samjer adv three times,trice
~gazrdili adj threefold
sanadiro adj hunting
~bade n
~
net
sanavsadguro(ix.dasaxleba) adj port
sanaTlavi adj christening
sanaTlio n sing/pl Lat. baptisterium/baptiterii
sanaosno adj nautical,navigable
sanapiro adj marginal,quau
~dakbiluli deeply incised
~dacva
coastal defence
~zoli
coast land,coastal area/line,stripe
~zRvis quay,shore,seaside
~mdinaris river bank/side
~moqceviT datborili n foreshore
sanapiroze adv along/on the shore(s)
zustad ~ right on the coast of…
sanaqebo adj complimentary (person)
sanacre
adj ash
~ormo
n ashpit
sanawile n shrine
~moZravi=satarebeli n sing/pl Lat. ciborum/ciboria
sanaxaobrivi adj showy,spectacular,visual
sanaxevrod=naxevrad(ix.naxevar...) adv half
sangrevi=saomari adj battering
~manqana
~
ram
sanelebeli n seasoning(s), herb(s), spice
sanemse n etui=etwee
sanerge n sing/pl Lat. arboretum/arboreta
sanTeli/sanTlis n adj candle
~wvrili
n taper
~namwvi
n draft
sanTiobo n room for a newly-wed couple
saniavo(ix.ganiaveba) n adj ventilator
saniSne(ix.niSani) n landmark, sign
sanukvari adj precious,sacramental
saolavi n adj antimony,dye,hair/eyebrow,
kohl
saomari(ix.iaraRi) adj military,war(fare/like)
~teqnika n weaponry
saomrad ganwyobili adj sb bristle in….
saostigno(ix.sakuWnao) n lumbar/stocking,
room,pantry
saojaxo adj domestic,family,household
sapalne n load,pack
sapatimro cixe-simagreSi n cassemate
sapatio adj distinguished,honorary,respective
~wodeba honorary degree
sapatriarqo n adj patriarchy,patriarchal
saperange adj facing
sapirwamle n powder flask/horn
sapirwone n counterweight,tas-de-charge(Fr)
sapkurebeli n sprinkler
saprialebeli n adj polisher,polishing
saprocesio adj processional
sapyrobile(ix.qveskneli) n jail,prison
saraji n harness maker,saddler
sardali n commander
sardafi n basement,cellar for storage
~Rvinis(ix.marani,samikitno) wine cellar
sardioni(s) n adj carnelian=cornelian
sardoniqsi(s)=frcxila/frcxilis n adj
sardonyx
sarevela n weed(s)
sarevelebiani adj weedy
saredaqcio adj editorial
sarekela n trigger
sareceli=taxti(ix.micvalebulis) n
berth,bier,couch
~sasikvdilo n deathbed
sarze gasma v impale sb
sarTvi(ix.CarTva)
n filling
sarTuli n floor,storey
~pirveli
n groundfloor
sarTulSoris(i) adv adj interstorey
sari(s) n adj peg,picket,pole,post,stake
166
~ormo
post/stake hole
~Robis
railing pillar
~wvetiani
speky
saritualo adj ceremonial,ritual
~Cacma investiture scene
sarke/sarkis n adj looking glass,mirror
~mina
plate glass
~CarCo n brooch,frame
sarkinozi=arabi=mahmadiani n Saracen
sarkisebri adj smooth
sarkmeli/sarkmlis n adj window
~antresolis=qoredis
dormer ~
~asawev-dasawevi sash/sliding ~
~gadanakeci n fold
~gadmosakeci pivoted ~
~garedan midgmuli samCarCoiani bay ~
~dekoratiuli false ~
~erT alaTiani single-sashed ~
~erkeri=Sveriliani n bay ~
~ ~ nexevarwriuli n compass ~
~erkeruli oriel ~
~veneciuri picture ~
~Tavxe/kamara n lintel
~TaRiani round headed ~
~karisebri,ezoSi gamavali French ~
~maraosebri n
fan-light
~mbrunavi revolution ~
~mTlianminiani, didi picture ~
~mrgvali feradi miniT rose ~ with
stained glass
~rafa n ~ sill
~sagduliani sash ~
~saventilacio/sahaero ventilating ~
~
~
mbrunavi n airvent
~saTauri crest
~saTvalTvalo inspectation(view,watch)~
~sapire n (a window) bordered with frame,
framing
~saxuravSi gaWrili n skylight
~qarsis mica ~
~Seisruli lancet ~
~Suali n mullion
~Cveulebrivi=Cveneburi n casement
~Tavxe/kamara
n lintel
~framugiT transom ~
~qudi=warbi n window-beam
~cxauri n lattice-work
~wirTxli n stud
sarkmlebis zeda rigi taZarSi n clerestory
sarkofagi n sing/pl Lat. sarcophagus/sarcophagi
sartyeli(ix.lilvaki,mZivi) n band,belt,corbel
~brinjaosi n belt-plate
~geografiuli n area,zone
~klimaturi
climatic girdle/zone
~CaWdeuli
recessed band
sartylis aRkazmuloba(ix.mZivi) n beltset
sarCo(s)
n adj livelihood
~Sovna v earn one‟s ~ by doing sth (eg.
teaching sb sth)
sarCuli(ix.keramika) n lining,loculus/loculi
n sing/pl Lat.
sarwmunoeba(ix.rwmena,ucxo) n belief,faith
sarwmunoebaze mimxroba v adhere to (any)
faith
sarwmunoebis gavrceleba v n propagate
(ion)
~miReba v accept(adopt,embrace)the faith,
get any religion,be converted
~Secvla v n converse/conversion
sarwmunoebrivi adj confessional,religious
sarwyavi adj irrigation,irrigating
sarWi n peg
~Tmis
n hair pin
~nivTis n stud
sasazRvro adj boundary,frontier,marginal,
outlandish
~zoli border line
~zona
frontier zone
~posti boundary post
sasaklao n abattoir,butchery,slaughterhouse
sasamarTlo n court
nafic msajulTa ~ jury trial system
sasanTle n candelabrum,candlestick
sasafante kilita n ammunition pounch
sasafeTqle(ix.safeTqeli) adj temple
~rgoli
~ ring
~sakidi
~ pendant
sasaflao(ix.samarovani) n burial ground/
site,grave yard
sasaCuqre=sasaCuqro(ix.naCuqrobis) adj
donative
sasaxle n court house,mansion,palace,palattial building
=administracia administrative palace
system
sasaxlisa adj palatial
sasTumali(ix.micvalebulis) n pillow
sasikvdilo adj deadly
sasicocxlo(d) adj adv vital(ly)
167
~mniSvnelobis sth of vital importance
sasmeli n beverage,drink(s)
sasoflo/sofluri adj country,rural
~sameurneo adj agrarian,agricultural activity/
economy
sasowarkveTileba n dispear
sasresi(ix.wamlis) n grind stone,quern,
pastle
sasroli(ix.qvargvali) adj throwing
sastiki adj brutal,cruel,grim,inexorable,sharp
severe,tough
~TviT herodeze sb to out Herod
sasule(ix.sakravi) n air-hole,drain,flue,outlet
sasuliero adj church,ecclesiastical,relidious,
theological
~akademia/seminaria theological academy/
seminary
~musika sacred music
~piri n clergyman, priest
~wodeba n clergy,priesthood rank
~wodebis miniWeba v ordain
~ ~
miReba v enter the ministry,take
holy orders
sasufeveli n the Kingdom of Heaven
sasyideli n payment,recompence
saswavlo
adj educational
~dawesebuleba
~ institution
~centri
seat of learning
saswauli(s) n magic,marvel(s),miracle play,
sign,wonder
~moxdena v accomplish(perform,work) miracle/marvel(s)
saswaulmoqmedeba/moqmedi n miracleworking
saswori(s) n adj balance,scales (pl usu)
~zodiaqo n Scales
~pina n pan,scale
~uReli n beam
sasxlavi n bill,pruning knife
sasxleti n trigger
sasjeli(ix.RvTis) n punishment
~misja v n inflect(ion)
~oTxad gankveTa v quarter
satanjveli n grief,torment
satare(ix.Sverili,xvreli) n handle
satacuri(s) n adj asparagus, asparagus
Gr.
=sakvebi n adj Asparagus var.altiltis=Cato
=samkurnalo n adj Asparagus officinalis
sataZro(ix.mona) adj sth of church( place of
worship, temple)
~dResaswauli patronal festival
~
~
(qrist./warmarT.)
wakes
sataxto adj capital,seat of king,throne
satevari(ix.iatagani,maxvili) n dagger
~alisebri
flamy-shaped ~
~bolokveTili ~ with cut (away)end
~mTlianadsxmuli one piece cast(ing) ~
~morkaluli
~ with arched blade
~muxliani
cranked ~
~namglisebri sickle-like ~
~orlesuli=orfxiani double/two-bladed
~saCxvleti
pointed/sharp ~
~saZgerebeli
stubbing/thrusting ~
~uSaSaro ~ without flutes, unfluted ~
~farTeqediani ~ with wide rib(ing)
~foTlisebri
leaf-like ~
~fxiani
bladed ~
~qediani ~ with a rib, ribbed ~
~ yunw-Reroiani
stemmed
~SaSariani/SaSariT ~ with(a) chute(s)/
flute(s)
~Sedgeniltariani ~ with composite/
sectioned handle
~xmlisebri
sword-like ~
satevris vada
n ricasso, shaft
~kexi/kota n pommel
~kotisTavi n hilt pommel
~mxari n shoulder
~piri
n blade
~ ~ mWreli n edge
~samanWvle(naxvreti) n rivet hole/slot
~satare
n handle
~ ~ Sverili n haft,shaft
~ ~
xveli
n hole
~tari(ix.tari) n handle,handle-grip
~ ~ masriani/Rru
plug-shafted,socketed,staff
~ ~ orkapa
double funnel-shaped
~ ~ firfitebdakruli handle with a
pair of scales
~ = xelis Casavlebi n hilt
~ ~ xis
n buff
~taris dageba v fix,haft,mount,pin,put
on,stick
~ ~ dagebis xerxi method of hafting
~ ~ dasamagrebeli adgili pirze n
butt
~ ~ Tavi n haft,halve,handle,hilt,plug,
shaft,tip,top
~ ~ kide
n flange
~ ~ mili n hob
~ ~ qedi central ribbing,midrib
168
~ ~ ~ kexiT/nawiburiT arris with fillet
~ ~ qudi cupila, (head) top
~ ~ ~dafanjruli filigree,open-work
~ ~ Camagreba v haft,terminate
~ ~
~ liToniT v insert, weld
~fxa
n edge
~yunwi n tang
~SaSari n chute,flute
satexe(ix.Tavi,naribandi) n chisel
~brWyalisebri n claw ~
satvirTo(ix.gemi)
adj freight
satiri n satyr
satitulo(ix.furceli) adj title
satixre/tixari adj n partition
satkepni/satkepnela n rammer,roller
satomo/tomobrivi adj tribal
satransporto saSualeba(ix.transporti)
n mobility,means of transport
satrapezo n refrectory,triclinia=triclinium/tricliniae (n sing/pl Lat)
satrapi n satrap,governor
satrapia n satrapy
satrapiis/satrapuli adj satrapal
satriumfo adj triumphal
satuCe n mouthpiece
satyorcni adj throwing
~manqana n sing/pl Lat. ballista/ballistae
saukune(ix.TariRdeba,) n century=c
~arasruli scanty ~
~gadadis(mohyva,cvlis)saukuneSi/saukunes
~ turns to ~
saukuneebi n pl usu. centuries
~1 aTasw. bolo da meoris pirveli centuries straddling X and Y millenia
~Sua Middle Ages=MA
~ ~ adre
Early MA
~ ~ ganviTarebuli Advanced Feudalism,High MA
~ ~ gviani
Late MA
~gviani
middle late
saukuneebgamovlili adj timehonoured
saukuneTa ganmavlobaSi adv within the
overall range of centuries,over the ceturies
~mijna turn of X and Y centuries
~mtveri adv the mould of time
~siRrmeSi adv (in) anciency
~Sesayarzeadv between the turn of centuries
saukunes swvdeba sth span(ing) X century
saukuneSi erTxel adv secular
saukunis adj century‟s
~adreuli wlebi beginning of the ~
~bolo late X century,tail end of the X cent.
~ ~ wlebi final years of the century
~gviani wlebi late X century
~dadgomasTan erTad with the advent of ~
~dadgomisas as the ~ dawned,by the begof X ~
~dadgomisTanave with the onset of ~
~dasaruli the end of the ~
~dasasrulisTvis the ~ draw to close
~dasasruliswina before the close of the ~
~dasawyisi the beginning/turn of the ~
~dasawyisSi in the early X ~
~meoTxedi(romelime) 1st,2nd,3rd,4th quarter of ~
~naxevari ~ 1st-2nd half/part of the ~
~Sua(xanebi) mid Nth ~ ; mid century
saukuno(ix.saukuneSi) adj secular
saukunod adv for centuries
saukunoebrivi adj ancient,eternal,venerable
Sua ~ adj medieval=medeival
saurme(ix.gza)
adj cart
saufliswulo adj prince/princess‟s,seat of
prince
sauflo(ix.uflisa) adj domain estate
sauReltexilo adj crossing,pass,mountain
pass lands
saucxoo adj excellent,magnificent,splendid
safanti(s) n adj small-shot
safarveli(ix.eklesiis) cover(ing),cope,
mantle,tunic
safarvelis axda/Camocileba v dismantle,uncover
safari n adj cover(ing),cope,mantle
~Casasafrebeli n ambush
safarqveS adv under cover
safasuri n cost,payment in..,wages for…
safeTqeli n temple
safeni n bed,cover,cushion,pavement
~locvisTvis n prayer carpet/rag
~riyis qvebis cobble/pebble bed
safexuredi(ix.plintusi) n adj corbie
step,necking rings,staggered/
staggering,stepped
~saxuravze(ix.saxuravi) n crowstep
safexurebi urTierTmomdevno successive
stages
safexurebiani adj (1,2,3…) tiered
safexurze adv at/on this/that stage
safexuri n stage
~kibis n step
safexuriani/safexurebiani adj stepped
safironi(s)=lurji iagundi n adj saphir
169
saflavi(s)(ix.samare,samarxi) n grave
~kulti
grave cult
~qva
grave marker/stone,tomb stone
safortifikacio adj enceinte,fortification
safsalmune n ambo (Gr),pulpit
safutkre n bee-garden
safuZvelze adv on the base(basis/grounds)
of sth
safuZveli n base(line),basis,foot(ing),foundation,founding,ground(s),principle(s),
real cause
~mtkice/myari firm ground(s)
~Caeyara v stem from… (somewhere)
safuZvelSive(ix.ZirSive) adv entirely,fundamentally,inherently
safuZvlad dadeba v posit
~iqca v sth became the basis for sth
safuZvlebi n pl usu (the) very roots
safuZvlianad adv substantially,thoroughtly
safuZvliani adj thorough
safuZvlis moxmoba v substantiate
~Seqmna v form the basis,give the rise to…
provide grounds for/to,think
~Cayra v lay the basis/foundation
safqvavi n milling
safxeki n end/sidescrapper
~boloretuSiani n grattoir
saqalaqo adj city,municipal,urban
~cxovreba urban activity/life
saqalebo n sing/pl Lat. gynaeceon/gynaecee
saqaravno(ix.qaravani) adj caravan
saqajavi(s) n adj press
~lodi n weight
saqebi/saqebari adj complimentary
saqvabe(ix.abanos) n furnace room
saqme n affair,busuness,task,work
keTili ~
good deed(s)
saqme(ni)
n deed(s)
saqmes mowyurebuli adj zealous
saqmro n bridegroom,fiancé , suitor
saqoneli(ix.prestiJuli) n goods,staff,
ware
~gasayidi/savaWro commodities, goods
(bound to market)
~Txevadi n commodities
~iSviaTi
scarce goods/ware
~masiuri warmoebis mass produced goods
~malfuWadi
n perishable(s)
=naxiri/pirutyvi n cattle,(life)stock
~ ~ mewveli diary cattle,mammalian
~ ~ msxvilfexa drift,herd,large domestic animal
~
cloven footed cattle,
small domestic animal
~ fufunebis
luxury goods
saqonlis gadarekva v drift,pastoral mobility,
transhumance
~gadatana v n ger transport(ation)(ing)
~gamravleba v rear animals/stock
~gza n cattle track, droveway
~dakvla v n butcher(y)
~damRa n v mark
~damwyvdeva v pen livestosk
~iarliyi n v bulla=docket
~movla/Wmeva v ger nurture(ing)
~moparva v round up
~mravalferovneba/nairsaxeoba n wide
range of goods
~nasuqoba n fettening of cattle
~suladoba
n livestock
~warmoeba v manufacture,produce
saqorwino adj marriage,marital,wedding
~simRera n epithalamium/epithalamiumi n
sing/pl Gr.
~fici
n wedlock
saqristiano n adj Christiandom,Christian
saqsovi adj knitting,textile,weaving
~bade n warp
~badis tvirTebi n loom-weight(s)
~dazga n loom
~ maqo
n shuttle
~qseli n warp
saqusle adj shoe
saqSeni(ix.saberveli) n tuyere
saqcieli n behaviour,proceeding(s)
saRaravi adj goffering,waving
saRebavi(s)(ix.mcenare(uli),cvilis) n adj
dye,paint
~aramdgradi adj fugitive
~galesva
v ger grind(ing)
~gasalesi n pallete
~gaxuneba v ger tarnish(ing)
~kargi adj good,vitue of color
saRvTo/saRmrTo(ix.batkani,liturgia,werili) adj Holy, sacral
saRvTismetyvelo adj theological
saRi adj fresh,intact,prudent,sanity,virginal
saRirali n fee
sayalibe
adj mould
saybeuri(ix.cxenis)
n cheek-lace
saydari(ix.eklesia,saxelobaze) n church
sayevari n crow-bar,lever,swingle/whipple
tree
sayelo
n collar
170
~ wvrilfexa
sayviri n bugle
~rqis n horn
~ ~ formis n trumpet
sayinule n ice-box/house
sayoli=uaxloesi naTesavebi
sacdeli adj sounding,tentative,testing, trial
~ormo trial pit
sacduri n seduction
saceremonio=saweso adj ceremonial
~safari
~ cover
saceri/gacra n v screen=sieve
saceci
n claw
sacecxluri n censer
sacvleli adj changeable,exchange
~erTeuli n exchange unit
sacnobaro adj reference
sacobi n bung,plug,stopper
sacxedre=morgi n mortuary
sacxenosno adj equestrian
sacxobi n bekery
~Rumeli backing oven …
sacxovrebeli n adj domestic,dwelling,habitation site,home,house(ing),residence,residential
~kvartali n living/residential district/quarter(s)
~nageboba n domestic structure,house
~pirobebi n pl usu. accommodation facilities,living conditions
sacxovreblad vargisi adj habitable
~uvargisi adj untenable
sacxovreblis mowyoba v spurse up
sacxovrisi n adobe(cottage),dwelling(adobe
habit housing,living place,apartment,praetorii=praetorio Lat.
saZgidi n bulk head,cross piece,dam,straight arch,tie plate
saZerwi adj modeling,moulding,ctucco moulding
saZvale(Tixis)
n ossuary
saZiebeli(wignis) n sing/pl Lat. index/indices
saZiebo adj searching
saZiravi n bob,sinker,weight
saZirkvelze daSeneba v build on
Zvel ~ ~ build on top of/upon earlier/existing foundation
saZirkveli n basement,(foundation)deposit,
infrastructure,rubble-packing
~adrindeli/Zveli existing foundation
~zolebad/rigebad grill plan of supporting
stones
~mtkice sraime saqmisTvis sth built on a
rock
~qvis stone base/foundation
saZirkvlis dadeba=dawyeba v n initiate,initiation
~mrgvali SemaRleba(miwisa) n sing/pl
n pl usu.
relatives
=naxir-frinveli n pl usu. livestock
sayofacxovrebo adj communal
~nivTi n consumer
sayrdeni(ix.firfita) n basis,bolsar,buttress,footing,jamb,pile,pivot,point,pier,
prop,projection,resting place,stuncheon
support
~qva
n adj abutment stone
~wertili n support
sayure n ear-ring
~sxivana beamed ~
saSemodgomo adj autumnal
saSviliSvilo adj hereditary
saSinao/Sina
adj domestic
~moxmarebisaTvis sty for ~ consume/use
saSobao
adj Christmas=Xmas
~marxva
n Advent
saSualeba(ix.iZleva,xerxi) n aid,instrument,means,method,mode,source,way of
solution,tool
saSualo adj averaged,mean,medium,mid
(dle)
saSualod adv averagedly,in an average
of..,medium
saSualoze dabali/maRali adj below/
over average
saSuamavlo adj arbitrarianintermediary,mediatory,mediatorial,mediative
saSuble adj forehead
saCale n fuding/futing rack
saCeCeli n wool-carding
saCexi n animal-shed,byre,pen,run
saCvenebeli adj demonstration,significant
saCveneblad vargisi adj presentable
saCino adj eminent
=xiluli adj visible
saCrdilobeli n overhanging,penthouse
saCuqari n gift,grant,present
gacvla v ger gift-exchange(ing)
miReba
v accept/get present
micema ger gift-giving
sacavi(ix.saidumlo,siZveleTa) n receptale,repository,storage(room)
~Zvlovani masalis osteon storehouse
sacavSi daculi adj sth held in storage(chamber)
171
Lat. pulvinus/pulvini
~Cadgma/Cayra v lay/put the base/faundation
saZmo n brotherhood
saZovari n cattle-run,commonality,(grazing)
land,pasture
~saTemo n commomn,grazing area,lease,pasturage
saZovrad vargisi adj pasturable
saZromi n entry, manhole
sawamlavi/mowamvla n v poison
sawarmo n mill,works,undertaking(s)
sawarmoo adj producing,productive
~cikli
productive cycle
sawafi n dumb-bell,weight
saweri
adj writing
~mowyobiloba ~ implements/utensils,deskset
~frTa n goose-quill
sawerteli n goad
saweso adj cult,ritual
~ganbanva n Ablution
~koconi cult(ceremonial,ritual,sacral)fire
~cecxli n pire
sawvavi n adj fuel
ara ~ n adj nonfuel
sawveTuri n beak
sawvimari
n raincoat
~mili n gutter
~milis piri n mouth,spout,water-spote
~ ~ ~ cxovelis saxiT n adj gargoule
sawnaxeli n wine press(a one-piece-hewn
huge wooden container for pressing
grapes with men‟s bear feet)
sawoli n bed,berth,couch
sawoni n adj weight(ing)
~mowyobiloba
~ instruments
sawreti adj drain
~wvimis(Tixisa) n sing/pl Lat. imbrex/imbricis
~mili
n cesspipe,tile drain
~ormo
n catch pit
sawuri n screen,sieve
sawyisi n adj base/basic,beginning,initial,original,formative,pioneering,prime,primary,
very roots,spring-well
~miwieri n earthly origin
~moRvaweobis n apprenticeship,start career
~faza
n pioneering phase
~Camoyalibebis n formative stage,initial,em
ergent
=Canasaxovani infancy
~codna n initial knowledge
sawyisidan adv from the first principle
sawyisis micema v give rise to the birth of sth
~moZieba v n affiliate/affiliation
sawyisSive adv from the outset
sawyobi n storage chamber,storeroom/area,
store/warehouse
~satvirTo n magazine
saWapne
adj tug
saWe(qveynis) n the helm(of State)
~Caibaro=Seudge marTvas v take the helm
saWeTmpyrobeli=saWesTan n sb (be) at
the helm/realm
saWeqi n scraft
saWmeli(ix.sakvebi) n diet,food, meal
saWreTeli n chisel
saWrisi(ix.Tavi) n burin,chisel,knife
~amoRarulpiriani n convex chisel
saWurveli(ix.abjari) n armour
saWurvelTmtvirTveli(ix.mesaWurvle) n
armourer
saWurisi n eunuch
saxalifo n k(h)alipat
saxalxo adj public
~mkurnali=jara eqimi water-caster
saerTo ~ country wide
saxareba=oTxTavi=evangele n Gospel(s),
Scripture(s)
saxaso adj regal
saxate n icon room,iconostass
saxe n appearance,countenance,facefeature,
form, image,mode,pattern,shape,
significance
~bolo adj final form
=gamosaxuleba n depiction,icon-image,impression,portrayal,reflection,reproduction
~dadgenili set pattern
~vinmesi/ramisa n image
~sawyisi adj basic character
~umetyveloexpressionless face/countenance
~Cofura adj pitted
saxedari n donkey
saxelgatexili adj notorious
saxelganTqmuli/moxveWili adj celebrate,
famous,foremost,outstanding,
renowned,luminary
~vinme n celebrity
saxeldaxelo adj hasty,rough-and-ready
saxeldobr adv namely
saxelze/saxelobaze vinmesi adj dedicated to sb,named after
saxeli n label,name,term
172
~avi/cudi
ill fame
~adamianis n first name,forename
~damaxinjebuli misnomer,misname
~ewoda
sb/sth named (from)…
~kargi good name,fame
~mieniWa sth named after…
~modis/momdinareobs the name derives
from
~ukvdavi
imperishable name
~Sedgenili
hybrid ~
~Seiqmna
v coined from..,invented of…
~STamomavlobiTi/memkvidreobiTi
patronymic name
~jgufuri group term
saxeliT vinmesi adv in the name of..,on
behalf of..,in sb‟s name
saxelis araswori xmareba v misname
~gadarqmeva v re-name
~gamogoneba/Seqmna v n coin(age),invent(ion) name/word for…
~darqmeva v dub,term
~magieri an alies for (eg Paris)
~miniWeba/wodeba v name after
~mixedviT (as the name) suggests…
~mopoveba/moxveWa v achiev/gain fame/
name
~SenarCuneba rukaze v keep the name
on the map
~Secvla v rename
saxelmZRvanelo n guide to…
~damxmare n facility
=wigni n guide/text book,manual
saxelmwifo n realm,state,politia/politiae n
sing/pl Gr.
~aparati n apparatus of state
~axladwarmoqmnili/Canasaxovani n emerging state
~TviTmpyrobeluri n empire
~manqana
n state machine
~marTva v n govern(ance),be in government
~mniSvnelobis adj sth of state importance
~moRvawe n statesman
~moxele
n civil servant,official
~sazRvao n marine/naval power,maritime
state/thalassocracy,empire of the seas
~samsaxuri n public service
~simbolo
n state symbol
~urTierToba(ni) relation(s) on a state
level
~Ralati n high treason
~Semosavali n revenue
~Canasaxovani adj emerging state
~wyobileba n rule,statehood,state institutions
~xidi(kavkasia) n bridge land
saxelmwifoebrivi adj statehood
~wyoba n state institutions
~saxelmwifoebriobamde misuli n statelevel society
saxelmwifoTaSoris(i) adv adj state-tostate
saxelmwifos gaZRola v be at the helm
~daSla v n disintegrate/disintegration
~kuTvnili adj state-owned
~marTva v (be in) govern(ment), rule,run
~marTvis xelovneba n statecraft
~marTuli adj state-managed/run
~mfarvelobiT adv under the ouspices of
state
~SenarCuneba v n maintain/maintenance
~warmoSoba n v rise of state
saxelo
n sleeve
=Tanamdeboba n belt-power
saxelobaze... adj dedicated to…
saxelobis...
adj named from…
saxelovani adj famed,famous,important,wellknown
saxelos boZeba v belt
saxelosno n craft-shop,manufacturing(work)
shop
saxeluri n attachment,handle,hand-grip(ho
ld/grasping),shaft
~azis handle is set on…
~aqvs
sth is provided with a handle
~burTula n knob
~gauxvretavi n handle without ring
~grexili
n twisted handle
~ ~ yulfisebri n twisted loop ~
~dakbiluli n spurred ~
~zeaweuli n high-loop(swang)/upswang ~
~lenturi
n strap-like
~
~ maryuJisebri n loop ~
~mrgvalganivkveTiani n furrowed ~
~pirsa da mxarze~ linking rim and shoulder
~rqisebri n boast horned ~
=sakidi
~ for hanging
=Sverili n ledge handle, lug
=cru yuri
n false handle
saxeluris Tavi n handle-top,haft,halve,hilt,
shaft,top
~mimagreba v attach
~msgavsi
adj handlelike
~narCeni n remain/trace of attachment/handl
~Camagreba v haft,terminate
173
~
~
liToniT v weld,insert
~xvreli n eye
saxelSecvlili adj renamed
saxelwodeba n appellation,designation,name,term,title
saxeoba n form.kind,shape,sort,species
saxeobaTa zeda fenebi n pl upper story of
sorts
~nakrebi n corpus/corpora of shapes
~simravle wealth of shapes
saxeobrivi adj one of the kind
saxesxvaoba n variant/version of sth
saxecvlileba v n alter(ation)
saxecvlili adj altered
saxvevela n winch,windlass
saxvevi n bandage
saxvreti(ix.dana) n bore,drill,perforator,pricker
saxiani=nakveTi(ix.keramika,wyoba) adj
decorated,opus interralise Lat.
saxieri(ix.saxovani) adj sth with certain
features
saxizari n castle
saxiT adv in appearance(clear-cut manner/
form)
~vinmesi
in the person of…
saxis adj face,facial,one of the kind
~gamometyveleba n countenance
~gamosaxuleba
n facial expression
~micema v fshion into sth
~nakvTebi
n pl features,traits
yvela ~
sth of every kind
~Secvla change countenance(form/shape)
saxleuli/saxlkari n homestead
saxli(ix.RvTis) n building,home,house
~mag.bagratovanTa the Bagrations‟ House
~ezoTi/nakveTiT n farmstead
~isliT daxuruli n reed-covered ~
~minaSenebiT=frTebiani wing corridor house
~micvalebulTa a ~ of the dead,mortuary~
~miwuri n pit-house
~mrudxazovani n curvilinear ~
~oTaxebiani n cell ~
~oTaxebiT derefnis orive mxares corridor ~
~savaWro
n business house
~sakrZalavi/micvalebulTa n charnel/
mortuary ~
~samlocvelo n meeting ~
~senakisebri n cell-like hut
~svetebze n dwelling elevated on poles
~svetebiani n post ~
~RmerTebis n ~ of the gods
~ximinjebze n pile-dwelling
=xis oda
n blockhouse,log-cabin
saxlisa adj household
saxloba n family,household
saxmeleTo(ix.gza) adj land,terrestrial
saxmili(ix.qura,Rumeli) n furnace,kiln,oven,praefurnium/praefurnii (n sing/pl Lat)
saxnisi(s) n adj plough(share)
~piri n
~
blade/share
~frTa n mould board
~wveri n plough-tip
saxovani(ix.saxieri) adj decorated,picturesque
saxoki(ix.safxeki)
n racloir,scraper
saxotbo(ix.xotba) adj complimentary,eulogy, motto
saxraxnisi n wrench
saxrCobela n bough
saxsari(ix.cxovrebis) n joint
~detalebis SemaerTebeli n swivel
=finansebi
n financial capability
= Zala
n mainspring
saxsovari(ix,mosagonari,saCuqari) n rememberance,reminder
saxuravi n cover,lid,roof(ing),roof covering/
top
~banuri/erdo
flat roof
=bani/miwuri erdo
earthen ~
~gamZle sturdy ~
~ gvirgvinuli a) a roof of rows of beams.
b) stepped roof(ie when each course of
boads/stones partially over-sails the
one below it until the boards/stones
eventually meet or leave only a small
gap which can be spanned by a cap/
coping stone).
c) roof of rows of beams spanned by a
cap/coping stone.
d) each course of stones is stepped 5
5 to 10 cm behind the course below.
~gumbaTiani
domed(shell,vaulted) ~
~eyrdnoba rasme
sth carries the ~
~ ~
svetebs columns carry the ~
pillared ceiling/roof
~Tixatkepnili
doubed roof
~islis
reed covered/thatched ~
~kamariani
vaulted ~
~karvisebri bee-hive shaped,hipped(psvilion/pyramidal) ~
~kiduli(fardulis/Cardaxi) eaves,leanto construction/roof
174
~konusuri
conical ~
~koWovani
sole-beamed ~
~kramitis
tiled ~ , timber and tile ~
~lorfinis
flag-stone/tile ~
~orkalTa
four-fitched ~
~ormxrivdaqanebuli gambrel/saddle ~
saddle back/ridge ~
~ orferda sloping ~
~ ~
zed dadgmuli safexurediT
n crowstep
~orwvetiani hipped ~
~piramiduli
steeple ~
~samkuTxa
gabled ~
~sarTulebSorisi interstorey ceiling
~safexuredi stepped ~
~sayrdenebiani corbelled cover
~trapeciuli
trapezoid roof
~unagira saddle(back) ~
~ficris
~ of planks
~yavris batten ~
~calmxrivi(minaSenis) lean-to-roof
~calferda
pitch ~
~cilindruli barrel ~
~Zelebis log roofed,girder ~
~Zel-miwuri
earth and girder ~
~Zelfenili/Zelurigirder cover,log roofed
~wamaxulwvetiani peak-shrine
~wvetiani koSkurebiT roof with pinnacle(s)
saxuravidan ganaTeba light allowed in(to)
through a gap in the roof(ing)
saxuravis gamarTvav carry on,launch,set up
~gasayari=koWi n ridge beam of the roof
~Tavxe n gable,lintel
~Tavxis mali n bay,range
~kalTa/qanobi n pitch
~kexi n peak of gable
~kramiti n roof-tile
~lavgardani n coping,moulding
~lartya n roof-batten
~mansarda/qoredi n attic,garret, loft conversion,mezanine
~moajiri n parapet (Ital)
~sayrdeni(ix.eklesiaSi) n pier.pile
~
~
Sverili n squinch
~fila n flag-stone/tile,roof slab
~Sverili lavgardanis Tavze n eave
~Sida mxare n inner ceiling
~CarCo n framework,rafter
sajabadro n armoury,arsenal
sajaro(d) adj public(ly)
sajinibo n stable
~ 1 cxenis n stall
sajiSe n nursery, adj pedigree
sahaero(ix.Rumeli)
n air-hole, blast
~gziT adv by-air
~kedlebSi
n wall-flue
~foto
n aerial
~Saxti/xvreli air/wind-hole, wind catch
(er)(scoop,tower,trap)
segmenturi adj segmental=segmentary=
=segmented
sevada/sevadis(ix.mosevadeba) n adj nielo
~Savi
black enamel
sezonuri adj seasonal,transhumant
sezonuroba n seasonality
seismurad(ix.anti...) adv seismically
seismuri(ix. anti...) adj seismic
seifi(ix.saganZuri) n safe
seli(s) n adj flax(en)=Lunum usitatssimum
Lat.
~kolxuri n adj Linium bienne Mill Lat.
~qsovili(s) n adj linen
seminari n workshop
senaki(ix.samarxis)
n adobe,cell
senakisebri adj cell
senati n Senate
separatistuli kuTxe/mxare breakway
region
septemviri n sing/pl Lat. septemvir/septemviri
serafimi n seraph(ic)
seria/seriebi n serial, series(no sing)
~gamocemaTa a series of publication(on
theme…)
seroba(ix.saidumlo) n feast,Church Feast
sesterciusi n sing/pl Lat. sestertius/sestertiusi
sesxeba(ix.gadmoReba) v lend
sentencia n gnome,maxim
setyva n hail
sefe=sauflo=samefo adj the Lord‟s,Royal
~darbazi throne room
~droSa
processional flag
~mwignobari Secretary of State
~sityvaspeech of welcome,inaugural address
~qali n made of honour
~wuli=ufliswuli n prince(ss)
sefiskveri n communion bread,Host
seqstiliusi n sing/pl Lat. sextilius/sextilia
seqstus n sing/pl Lat. sextus/sextusi
seqtemberi(ix.axalwlisa,enkenisTve,sTul
lisari) n September
seqcia(ix.sesia)
n section
175
=sxdoma
n workshop
sexnia n namesake
svastika(ix.jvari) n swastika
svetebiani adj columned,colonnaded
svetebis bade n grid of pillars
sveti n column,pier,pillar,pole,post,support
~dolabebiani n column in drums
~erTi mTliani n monolithic column shaft
~Tavisuflad mdgomi n detouched column
~kanelurebiani n fluted/ribbed shaft
~maRali n high trunk column
~naTlisa n pillar of light
naxevar ~ n pilaster
~sayrdeni n support bearing column/post
~fanjris or frTas Soris(qvis/xis)
n mullion(ed)
~calke mdgomi n free stsnding pillar/post
~cxoveli n Life Pillar
~wina n advance post
svetis baliSi n dado
~gvirgvini n crown
~ ~ pirveli first ~ =ima folia Lat.
~ ~ meore second ~ =secunda folia Lat.
~gula n shaft
~dolabi n drum
~Tavi n drum-cap/capital
~Tavze safexuredi n necking rings ~
~ormo n posthole
~rkali(svetis garSemo) n sing/pl Lat.
astragal/astragali
~safeni n base
~safexuredi ornamenti n rings
~sayrdeni n bolsar,chock,footing
~tani/RerZi n shaft, trunk
~qusli
n abutment
~cilindruli nawili n drum
~Ziri n column base,sockle,stem
svetnari(s) n cloister,colonnade
~sayrdeni qvis fila n sing/pl Lat.stylobates/stylobatae (Gr)
svinaqsari n calendar, sunago (Gr)
svla n procession
~taqtikuri n ploy
sTvlisa(ix.oqtomberi,tiriskani,mwifobisa,Rvinobisa) n October
sTulisari(ix.axalwlis,enkenisTve,seqtemberi) n September
sia(ix.nusxa) n list,roster
siaSi Setana v n enroll(ment)
siadvile n easiness,simplicity
siave(ix.nakli) n evil,imperfectin,vice
~mouvlina v inflict evil
siamaye n pride
~Selaxuli wounded ~
siaruli n v ger walk(ing)
~gamarTuli upright (walking)
~moxrili
slouching gait
სიასამური(ს) n adj sable
siaxle n know-how,(in)novation,novel(ty)
~aqamde ucnobi n novel
~Semotanili
n adj novel(ize)(d)
siaxlove n affinity,closeness,nearness,proximity
siaxloveSi adv close by,in the neighbourhood of sth,in close proximity,in immediate vicinity of sth
sibere n old age, hoar
siberis wlebi n declining years
sibrtye n flatness,plane
~daxrili inclined plane/surface
sibrtyiT adv flat(wise),prone
sibrtyobrivi adj plane
sibrZne n wisdom
sigane n breadth,width,traverse
~raRacis CaTvliT ... width including…
siganeze adv across the breadth/width,breadth/crosswise,diametrical cross,at width
siganeSi adv in width
siganiT adv at ~
mTeli ~
at full ~
sigeli(ix.naCuqrobis) n (title)deed
dacvis ~ n safe-conduct deed
sigluve n smoothness
sigrZe(ix.SemorCenili) n footage, length
~metrobiT n footage
~raRacis CaTvliT …length including…
sigrZe-siganiT adv at (full) length and width
sigrZe-siganeze adv in ( ~ ) ~
~ ~
sigrZeze adv at length,length/longwise
sigrZeSi adv in
~
sigrZiv adv along,length/longwise,in length
sigrZivi adj far,in length,length/longwise
~gaZliereba v n exaggerate/exaggeration
sigrZivoba n lengthiness
sigrZiT...
adv …long, in length
mTeli ~ adv at full length
sidable n diminutive height
sidiade n eminence,hrandeur,greatness,loftiness,magnificence,majesty,magnitude,paramountcy,prominence,splendour
sidide n magnitude,quantity,paremountcy,
size,value
siviwrove n narrowness
~zRvruli confined ~
176
sivrce(ix.samarxebsSoris) n area,expance,
field,range,space,vicinity
~burjebs Soris n bay
~saz.sargeblobis public pricinct
~saerTo sargeblobis n communal open
space
~Ria open area/space
~Sevsebuli figurebiT space within sth fill
ed with figures
~Sualeduri n landing
sivrceze adv across/over area/expance,spatial(ly)
geografiul ~across geographic expance
did ~
over a large area
droiT ~
across time expance
farTo ~
~ broad ~
sivrcis dadgena v constitute the space
~SemosazRvra v border,confine,enclose,
outline
~Semavsebeli sogmani n dowel
sivrcobrivi/sivrcobriv(ad) adj adv spatial(ly)
sivrculi adj space,spacious,spatial
sizmari n dream
dasizmreba v dream of
sizuste n accuracy,certainty,confidence,exactness,fidelity,precision,punctuality,sureness
~udidesi utmost exactness/sureness of
touch
sizustiT(ix.saaTis) adv with accuracy(exactness/precision)
siTamame n boldness,courage
siTbo
n wormth
~gaumtari adj heatproof
siTxe(ix.Txevadi) n liquid
~Txeli
thin
~
~susti
weak ~
~mucelSi n ascite
~wyalwyala
watery liquid
sikvdili n die,cross the Styx
=dacema n v fall
~naadrevi/udroo premature end
~uecari
sudden end
sikvdilianoba n mortality
sikvdiliT dasja n Capital punishment,
death penalty
sikvdilis Semdgomi adj posthumous
siklosi n sing/pl Lat. siclos/siclus
sikoxtave n delicacy,elegance,neatness,preci
sion
sila/silis(ix.qviSa) n adj sand(s)
~msxvili/uxeSi
n adj coarse ~
~wminda n adj fine
~
silaburi adj syllabary
siliani=qviSiani(ix.mosilva) adj sandy
silosi(s) n adj silo
silueti n silhouette
sima=wyalsawreti n sing/pl Lat. sima/simae
simagre n hardness,solidity,strength
=kedeli n fortification wall
=Senoba n bastion,fort(ress)
simagrisTvis adv for stability
simamace n valour=valor
simarTle n fairness,truth
~(da)faruli the truth behind
simartive n facility,simplicity
simaRle n altitude,height,elevation,loftiness
~idayvamde/welamde waist height
~raRacis CaTvliT ...length including…
~sruli full elevation
~sxvadasxva various elevation
simaRleebis miRweva v attain new height
simaRleze adv elevation of…
simaRliT(mTeli)
adv at (full) height
simaRleSi adv in height
~mateba v ger rise(ing)
simaxvile(ramis)
n sharpness (of sth)
simbiozi n symbiosis
simbolizacia v n symbolize/symbolization
simbolizmi mdidari/Warbi n exuberant
symbolism
simbolizmiT datvirTuli adj replete with
symbolism
simbolo n emblematic,medium,symbol
~keTilSobilebis
~ of hono(u)r
~mefobis n crown emblematic of royalty
~omSi gamarjvebis n trophy
~rwmenis n creed,symbol of persuasion
~falosis n phallic symbol
~Zalauflebis n symbol of power
simboloTa jgufi n set of symbols
simbolos azri/arsi n meaning of symbol
simboluri adj emblematic,symbolic,
simdidre n affluence,fortune,luxury,richness,
splendor,wealth
~TvalSisacemi adj showy
simetria n symmetry
simeCxere=simeCxre n scantiness,sparseness,sparsity
simi n cord,string
simindi(s) n adj corn,maize
177
~taro
n ear
simkveTre n clarity,intensity
simkvrive n compaction,compactness,hardness,solidity,tension,thickness
simokle n conciness,shortness
simpoziumi n sing/pl Lat. symposium/symposii,workshop
simptomaturi adj diagnostic
simravle n abundance/abundness,array,extensiveness,great number of sth,large/legion,quantity,multitude of sb/sth,rout,profussion,array(flood,strands,wealth) of sth,
simrgvale n curvator=curving
simrude n incline,inclination,slope
simsubuqe
n facility,lightness
simtkice n density
~Zalis n energy ~
simqrqale(ix.feri) n matness
simRera(ix.mRera) n song
simyife
n brittleness
simcire n dearth,paucity of sth,rarity,scantiness,scarcity,sparcity,shortage,lack
~arq.masalis infrequency of finds,patchiness
scrapes of evidence
~cnobebis
sketchiness of information
simZime n heaviness,weight
simZlavre(ix.fenis) n capacity,power,strength,vigor=vigour
simwvave n sharpness
simwire n paucity,poverty,scantiness
simwife n maturity,ripeness
simWidrove n density
simxurvale n heat
sinagoga(Si) n synagogue
~ambioni n Almimari Theba (Jew)
~galera=xezraT naSim n Khezhrat
Nashim (Jew)
~karada,sadac Tora inaxeba n Aaron
ha-kodeshi (Jew)=Arck of Covenant,
Shrine
sinaze n brittleness,delicacy,softness
sinaTle n brightness,clarity,flash,light
sinaTlis mofena v elucidate
sinamdvile n evidence,real life,reality,reliabili
ty
~istoriuli historical conditions/realities
~ramis
n genuineness
sinamdvileSi adv in actual fact,in reality
sinamdvilis dadastureba v n authenticate/authentication
sinarnare n delicacy,facility,smoothness
sinatife n subtlery
singuri(s) wiTelin adj cinnabar,vermillion
sineste n humidity
sinTezi v n fuse/fusion,synthesize/synthesis
sinTrononi n synthronon
sinkretizmi n syncretism
sinodi(s) n adj Synod(al)
sinotive n humidity, moisture
sinqronuli adj contemporaneous,synchronous
sinjara n test-tube
sinjva v ger test(ing),try(ing) out
sinji(s) n hallmark,sample,standard
~aReba v sample,take a test
~damRa/dasma n v hallmark
siraji n wine-merchant,wintner
sirbile n softness
sirTule n complication,complexity,difficultty,disadvantage,elaboratness,problem,
trouble
sirinozi n mermaid,water-sprite
sirma n braid,galoon,lace
sircxvili(ix.daRi) n disgrace
sisadave n artlessness,plainness,simplicity,
restraint
sisvele n moist
sisrule n plenitude
sisruliT adv to full capacity
sistema(ix.gaTbobis,sakanalizacio,qseli
n edifice of sth, system
sistematuri adj regular,systematic
sistemuri adj system
sisufTave n cleanliness/cleanness,neatness,purity, tydeness
sisqe n density, thickness
~daSrevebis deepness/thickness of stratification
siswore n accuracy,correctness,fairness
sisxli(s) n adj blood
sisxliani/sisxlismRvreli adj bloody
sisxliT da gvariT naTesaoba kin and
discent relationship,proximity
~naTesavi blood/cognate with relative
~naTesaoba kinship,relationship
~naTesauri by birth, kin relationship
sisxlis gamoSveba(ix.WurWeli) v n ger
blood-let(ing), venesection
~daRvra samSoblosTvis v shed blood
for one's country
~Rvra n v bleed(ing)
~Sededeba v clot
sisxlisgan dacla v delute
sisxlismRvreli adj bloody
178
sisxlisRvra n bloodshed
sisxlZarRvi n blood vessel
sitara n citara
sityva n word
~gamosamSvidobebeli forewell speech
~daskvniTi concluding remarks
~misasalmebeli/sefe key note speech,
speech of welcome
~moswrebuli well-aimed word
=moxseneba n speech
~nasesxebi n loanword
~frTiani
n byword,pithy saying(s)
~Sesavali
introductory speech
sityva-sityviT adv literary,verbatim,word
for word
sityvaTa TamaSi n play of words
sityvani n glossary
sityvaZunwi adj concise,sparing of words
sityvierad adv in words,verbally
~gadmocema v verbalize
sityvis araswori xmareba v misname
n misnomer
~gadaxazva(amoSla/waSla) v efface
~gatexa v go back on one's promise
~micema
v give the floor
~fuZe n root
~Seqmna v n coin(age), invent(ion) for…
~Ziri n stem
siuJeti n subject matter,topic,subplot
siuxeSe n clumsiness,roughness
siuxve(ix.rqa) n abundance/abundness,opulence,plantiness,profussion of,splendour,extensivenessplentitude,repletion,flow
of sth,surpluses,surge of sth
sifrifana adj delicate,fine,flimsy,light,refined,slender,sparce,thin
siqa n caulking iron, dies (pl only)
siqvele(ix.omSi) n proweness
siRaribe(ix.Rariboba) n poverty,penury
~monapovris n meagerness/scantiness of
finds,remains
siRaribeSi adv (live) in penury
siRrme n depth(ness)
siRrmeSi adv in the depth of…
~midis v sth can be traced back to…
siRrmiseulad adv thoroughly
siRrue n cavity
siyvaruli n v love (of sb/sth)
~ramis v penchant/have taste for sth
siyrme n youth
siyrmis Svili n adj first born
siSore n remotness
siCqare n speed,velocity
sicariele n blank,emptiness,hollow,void of
lacuna/lacunae n sing/pl Lat.
sicocxle n life span/time-life,vivacity
~xangrZlivi long lifespan
~xanmokle short ~
sicocxleSi(ix.deformacia) adv during/in
the lifetime
~erTxel rac xdeba sth of a time-life
sicocxliT savse adj vibrant
sicocxlis bolo wlebi the twilight years
~gamoxatva v signify life
~gawirva/Sewirva v consecrate life to sth,
lay down one‟s life for sb/sth
~micema v engender/infuse life
~saSualeba/wyaro n means/sourse of livelihood
~Zala n life force,marrow
~xalisi n stamina
~xangrZlivoba n life-span/time,time-life
~saS.
~
life expentancy
~savaraudo ~ longevity,man's expectation
of life,life expectancy
~xe
n the Tree of Life
sicocxlisunariani adj resilient,viable,vital
sicocxlisunarianoba n durability,tenancy,
vitality
siZvele n anciency/ancienty,(hoar)antiquity,
oldness
WaRara ~ n adj hoar antiquity
siZveleebi n pl antiquities
siZveleTa sacavi n archive,repository
siZvelis grZnoba
n sense of age
siZliere n intensity,magnitude,prominence
siwminde(ix.taZari) n holiness,purity,sanctity,sacredness,sacrament
=raime n shrine
=sagani n object of worship,sacred object/
thing
siWabuke(ix.siyrme) n adolescence/adolescency,youth
siWarbe n abundance,affluence,domination,
prevalence,surpluses
siWrele n diversity of colors/sth else,mixed
character of sth,patchwork
sixSire n frequence=frequency,intencity
~aRmoCenebis (in)frequency of finds
ska n (bee)hive
~gareuli n wood-bine
skalpeli n dissector.scalpel
skami grZeli=merxi n bench
skarabea n scarab
179
skeptuxi n sing/pl Lat. sceptuchus/sceptuchi; Gr. skeptoukhai
skeptuxia n Gr. skeptouchoi
skene n sing/pl Lat. scenium/scenii; scene(?)
skivri n chest
skiptra n scepter=sceptre
skiptris pyroba=mefoba
hold sceptre
skulpturuli(ix.qandakeba) adj sculptured
~gamosaxulebani n imagery
skunsi=myrala n skunk, Mephitis Lat
skutumi n sing/pl Lat. scutum/scuti
sneuli/sneuleba n adj sick(ness)
sogmani n dowel
~Casma v interline
soio(si) n adj soya
soko(si)(ix.nakelis) n adj mashroom
~kedlis mxatvrobis damzianebeli n
sing/pl Lat. fungus/fungi
soli(s) n adj peg,spike,wedge
~detalebis damWeri n cleat
~formis micema v edge
~Casma v wedge in
solidi n sing/pl Lat. solidus/solidi
soliviT SeWra
v edge,lense
solisebr wamaxuli adj tapered
solisebri adj cuneiform,tapered,wedgeshaped
soliteri
n tapeworm
sonRuli(frinveli) n gerfalcon
sorgo(si) n adj sorghum
soro n barrow,den,hole,lair
sorsoli(ix.lilvaki) n barrel,braid,plait,
rim,roller,wisp
~wyvili double barrel(ed)
sofeli n country(side),settlement,village
~mTebSi n inundating within mountains
~patara n hamlet
soflis adj rural,village
~mamasxlisi n village headman
~meurneoba n agricultural activities,farming
and animal husbandry
~ ~ Camoyalebebuli fully fledged agriculture
~ ~ urwyavi
rain-fed farming
~muSa(ix.glexi) n farmer,farmhand
~mcxovrebni=mrevli n parish
sofluri adj bucolic,pastoral,rural
~Semogareni rural surroundings
sofiti n Ital. soffit
~kesonebiani
~ with coffers
~yvavilebiani kesoniT ~with fleuron coffer
status
soWi(s)=naZvi(s) n adj fir-tree
~evropuli n adj silver fir=Abies nordmanniana
soxane n adj earthen floor
spaspeti(ix.amirspasalari) n commanderin-chief
spilenZ-brinjao(si) n adj copper-bronze
~sadnobi adj copper-smelting
spilenZi(wiTeli) n adj (red)copper
~dariSxaniani n adj arsenic/arsenious ~
~TviTnabadi n adj native
~pirveladi
n adj crude ~
~teqnikurad sufTa n adj tough-cake
~yviTeli=TiTberi
n adj brass
spilenZiT dafarva v copper
spilenZis zodi
~
ingot
~kveTa
v copperplate
~madani/madnis n adj ~ ore,raw ~
~mdnobeli n ~ smith
~fuli
n ~ coin
~Semcveloba n mass of native copper
~ZarRvi n ~ vein,copperbearing vein
spilo(ix.jari) n elephant
spilos Zvali/Zvlis n adj ivory
~ZvliTa da oqroTi adj chryselephantine
spirali/spiraluri n adj convoluted,spiral
~ormagi
n adj double-spiral
spiralis 1 bruni/xvia
n wreat
sra(ix.sasaxle) n palace
sresa v ger stir(ing)
srola v throw
~TofiT
v fire, shoot
srulmasStabiani adj full-scale
sruluflebiani adj enjoing full rights,competent,full member
srulfasovani adj sth of full value
srulqmna/srulyofa v n accomplish(ment),
complete,finish
srulwlovani adj sb of lawful age
srute n crossing,strait
stadia n stage
stadioni n sing/pl Lat. stadium/stadia
stateri n sing/pl Lat. statera/staterae
statia(ix.naSromi) n article,essay,paper
=katalogi
n collection of articles
statiis bolos SeniSvna n sing/pl Lat.
appendix/appendices=appendixes
statikuri(ix.uZravi) adj static
~poza
~ pose/posture
statueti n statuette
statusi
n status
stela n stele, sing/pl Lat. stela/stelae
180
~gamarjvebis n victory ~
stendi n stand
stepi n steppe(land)(s)
stili n style
~ampiri
EEEEmpire ~
~aRmosavluri=orientalisturi OrientaOOOO OOOO
OO
listic ~
~gonebamaxviluri/rTuli Daedalic=Daedalian ~
~dauxvewavi unkempt ~
~dxvewili
terse ~
~lakonuri/SekumSuli pithy ~
~martivi
poor/simple ~
~mdidruli
opulent/rich ~
~metaforuli/saxovani figurative ~
~sofluri
rural ~
~cxoveluri animal ~
~Zveli
Old Style
stilizacia v n style, stylization
stilizebuli
adj stylized
~Zalze increasingly ~
stiliT adv in term of style
stilis gauareseba v n deteriorate(ion)
~damkvidreba v become persistant
~mimarTuleba n mainstream
~msgavseba
n similarity of style
~sakiTxSi
in terms of ~
~Semqmneli
n generator of N ~
~Casaxva/aRmoceneba the rise of ~
~Caqsova
fuse into a ~ of…
stilisturad adv stylistically
~axlos close in style
stilisturi adj stylistic
~ xerxi n ~ device
stilobati n sing/pl Lat. stylobate/stylobatae
stilosi n sing/pl Lat. stilus/stili
stilSi adv in sb's custom;in customs of sth
stiqari
n ebb,cotta
stiqarosani
n sticheron
stiqia/stiqiebi n element(s)=earth,air,fire,
water
=amindi n storm
stiqiuri adj elemental,spontaneous,uncontrolled
~ubedureba n natural calamity/disaster
stoa=stova n church-porch, stoa (Gr)
strategosi n Gr. strategos
stumarTmoyvare(ara~) adj (in)hospitable
stumarTmoyvareoba(ara~) n (in)hospitability
stumarTmoyvrulad(ara~)adv (in)hospitably
stumarmaspinZloba n hospitality
v n receive/recieval,reception
stumroba v n visit(ation)
stupa n stupa
sudara n cerements,grave clothes,sheet,
shroud
suvereniteti n sovereignty
suverenuli adj sovereign
suldgmuloba(suldgmulobs) v nourish
sulebis gamowveva v invocate,evoke
~gamomwvevi n invocative
~gandevna conjure away/out
suleTi n kingdom come
sulTmofenoba n the Whitsum Day
suli n genius,genii=geniuses,mentality,soul,
spirit
~ganuteva the breadth went out of sb
~da guli life and soul
~daumorCilebeli(mouTokavi,mRelvare
n indomitable spirit
~drois
the genius of period
epoqis ~
n Zeitgeist (Germ.)
sulierad SeZvra v move
suliereba n mentality
sulieri adj mental,spiritual,sacred,theological
~erToba n togetherness
~samyaro n inner world
~sialove n effinity
sulis mosaxsenebeli
n requiem
~SemZvreli adj breah-taking,harrowing,soul
shaking
~STaberva/Caberva v enliven,imbue,infuse,
inspire
suliskveTeba n aspiration to,striving for
sulisCamdgmeli n initiator,generator
suliwmi(n)da n Holy Spirit,Spirit of God
sunamo n amber,perfume,scent
suni(ix.surneli,usuno) n scent
~kargi n perfume
~cudi n odor
suniti n adj Sunnite
suraTi n depiction,photo,picture
surinji(s) n adj red lead
surneli n aroma,flewer,flavour,odour,scent
~damaTrobeli adj sth redolent of sth
surnelovani adj fragrant,perfumed,scented,
sweet
suro(si) n adj
ivy
sursaTi n (food) product
surwyunisi(ix,apani,ianvari) n January,
February
stumris miReba
181
sustad adv badly,poorly,weakly
susti adj faint,frail,poor,vulnerable,weak
sufTa(ix.wminda) adj clean,pure
sufra n table-cloth
sfero n area,field,realm,sphere
sferuli(ix.Tavi) adj global,spherical
sfinqsi n sing/pl Lat. sphinx/sphinges
sfragistika n sphragistics
sqeli adj thick,heavy
sqellanCiani adj thick-soled shoe
sqema n chart,diagram,device,pattern,scheme
sqematizacia v n schematize/schematization
sqematuri adj diagrammatic,schematic,schematized,sketchy
sqematuroba n sketchiness of sth
sqesi n gender, sex
sqizma n schism
sqolastikosi n scholasticos=scholasticus
scena n scene
~TeatrSi n boards,stage
~raime nivTze sth bearing a scene of…
scenaze dadgma v enact,stage
scenari n scenario,stage craft
scenidan wasvlav go off/pass from the scene
scenis mxatvroba n stage painting
sceniuri adj scenic
swavlebani n teaching(s)
=Studiebi n pl usu. studies
swavlul(n)i n sing/pl authority,learned
man/men,scholar,wit(s)
swvdeba v embrace(s), span(s)
~...dan...mde v sth ranging from…to;runs through…
sworgverda adj straight-sided
sworkuTxa adj rectangular,square-cut
sworkuTxedi n rectangle
~kuTxeebmomrgvalebuli n adj subrectangle/rectangular
sworupovari adj matchless
sworxazovani adj direct,(recti)liniar
sworxazovnad adv straightforwardly
sworxazovneba n straightforwardness
sxeuli n body,flesh;corpus/corpora (Lat)
~moqnili slender built body
~tlanqi
awkward/clumsy ~
~ucxo
extraneous/foreign ~
sxeulis dazela v n embrocate/embrocation
~dazianeba v n bodily injury
~morTva/moxatva v n decorate/decoration
~welszeda nawili n bust
sxvaoba n contrast,difference,variation
sxveni n attic,garret,loft
sxivana adj beamed,radiating
sxivebad gaSla v n radiate/radiation
~gafantva v divergent,in a radial fashion
sxivebi gafantuli adj divergent
sxivTa kona n box of beams,shaft of light
sxivi n beam,gleam,ray
sxivisa/sxivuri(ix.sxivana) adj radial
sxivmosili adj radiant
sxivmfeni adj beaming
sxivurad adv radially
~ganlagebuli adj radial
sxivuri adj radial
sxmuli n cast(ing),ingot,smelting
=detali n cast, detail
sjuli=rjuli belief,faith
sjulis ficari n records,table
t
tabaki n table,tray
tal-kvesi n flint and steel
talavari(ix.maRlari) n Khevsurian garment/shirt
talani n gallery,passage
talanti n gifts,talent
talaxi(s)(ani) n adj mud(dy)
talki(s) n adj soapstone,steatite
talRa n wave
talRisebri/talRovani adj curvilinear,rippled,wavy
tanadi adj stately
tangaZarculi adj dismantled
tandabali/tanmorCili adj not high/tall,
short
=pirvelyofili adamiani short stature
tani n body,shaft,stem,torso
~zeda nawili
upper part of body
~mTeli
life-size
~moqnili
slender-built body
~qveda nawili
lower part of ~
tanisamosi(ix.samosi) n clothes
~tanze momdgari adj skin-tight,tightly fitted
~yoveldRiuri adj casual
tanmaRali(ix,sveti,xe) adj tall
tanjva(ix.wameba) n v torment,torture
tanjuli(ix.wamebuli) adj torment,tortured
tarani n v ger ram(ing)
tareba v ger carry(ing)
~tansacmlis v ger wear(ing)
~titulis v carry a title
tarze mibma v bind sth to sth
tari n handle
182
~gaxvretili adj holed
taris dageba v fix,haft,mount,pin,put on,stick
~Tavi n handle top
~Camagreba v haft
tarsikoni(s) n adj morocco,Levanter
tarxuna/tarxunis(mwvanili) n adj terragon=Artemisia dracunculus Lat.
tafa gasaTbobad brazier=brazero
~
~
gadasatani portable ~ ~
tafobi n hollow,small valley
~tyiani wooded hollow
taZari(ix.eklesia,saydari) n cathedral,
church,oracle,shrine,temple
~samlocvelo n sanctuary
~siwmindis
n shrine of sanctity
~qalaqi
n city/town of worship
~cecxlis n fire altar/temple
~warmarTuli n oracle,sanctuary,shrine,
temple
taZrad miyvaneba v the presentation in the
temple
taZris teritoria/Semogareni n precincts
taxi n (wild) boar
~eSvi
n fang
taxtze asvla v ascend/come to the throne
~asvlis dRe n regnal day
~Tavdasxma/Seteva v assault on the throne
~mjdomi n enthroned figure
~uari memkvidris sasargeblod v (political) demise
taxti n throne
~mRvdelmTavris n table
~uflis
LLord's (the Holy) ~
~xis=sawoli n tresle-bed
taxtidan gadagoma v n abdicate/abdication
~ ~vinmes sasargeblod v abdicate in favor of sb
taxtis gadasvla v n pass
~ ~ memkvidreze v n demise
~dakaveba v assume/take the throne
~dakavebisas/miRebisas adv on assuming ~
~mitaceba v seize the ~
~miReba v assume the ~
~ ~ memkvidreobiT v succeed to the ~
~survilis arqona v eliminate claims to
the ~
~SenarCuneba v uphold the ~
taxtrevani n litter,palankeen=palanquin
tba
n lake
~damSrali dried ~
~xelovnuri n dam lake
tbispira/piri n lakeland/side
tegani(ix.mariamsakmeli)n adj rue,Ruta Lat.
tevadi adj capacious
tevadoba n bulk,(have) capacity
tevri n thicket
tengamZle adj moisture proof
tenva v ger pack(ing)
teniani adj moist
terasa(ix.baqani) n terrace
terasuli adj stepped,terraced
terakota/terakotis n adj terracotta
~ostati n coroplast
teritoria n domain,area,range,stretch,terrain,territory
~garSemo n neighbourhood(s),surrounding
regions/territory
~didi vast area/vicinity,vast/wide expance
extensive area,large territory,soil
~ekvris/mezobeli v abbuts,adjoins
~vinmes xelSi eg. Georgian-hold
~vrceli broad stretch of territory,vast area
~mosazRvre border(ing) on area/land
~mowyvetili=Sori n discrete area
~mcire
restricted area
=sivrce n range,stretch
2
~farTobiT... area ranging from N m
~Semorkaluli n an arc of territory
~SemoRobili n compound, walled area
~ZiriTadi n core territory
teritoriaze adv over/within the territory,on
sb's soil
~gadaWimuli adj running/stretched across
~gavlena v hold sway over an area
~Rrmad adv deep in the territory
~Zalauflebis gavrceleba v extend sb‟s
rule over territory
teritoriebi garSemo surrounding regions
teritoriis garSemo adv around the area
~dakaveba v take over the territory
~dakargva/Camocileba v n disrupt(ion)
~damcroba v recede into core/smaller territry
~dacla/mitoveba v n devastate(ion)
~mierTeba v n annex(ation)
~miRma adv outside the area
~nawili n part/slab of territory
~farTobi ramis garSemo n arc of land
~Semcireba v recede
teritoriuli adj territorial
~mTlianoba ~ integrity
~mowyoba
~ arrangement
~qseli n
~ network
teritoriuloba n territorialty
183
termini(s) n term
~dadastureba v warrant the term
~Seusabamo n antilogy
~Seqmna v coin/invent the term for…
terfi
n foot
tetradraqma n sing/pl Lat. Tetradrachma/
Tetradrachmae
tetratemorioni n sing/pl Lat. Tetratemorion/Tetratemorioni
tetrarqi(a)
n tetrarch(y)
teqnika n technique
~xelsawyo-iaraRebis keTebis tool/weapon working ~
teqnikuri adj technological,technical
teqnologia n technology
~Camoyalibebuli n mastered ~
~Canasaxovani fledging ~
teqstebis simravle n wealth od textual evidence
teqsti n (in)script(ion),record,text
~arasruli sketchy text
~gvatyobinebs/ikiTxeba=teqstSi weria
the script reads/runs as followes,says
~gviambobs v text concerns sb/sth
~dakavsirebuli ~ (is) concerned with sth
~damaxinjeb(a)(uli) v adj corrupt(ed) text
~exeba v text pertaining to sb/sth
~samuSao=qvaze gadasatani master ~
~ucvleli adj literatim
~qvaze n stone-written ~
teqstis aSia n margin
~aSiaze SeniSvna n apostil
~bolos SeniSvna n sing/pl Lat. appendix/appendices=appendixes
~gverdis bolos SeniSvna n foot-note
~nawyveti n passage,piece
~Sesworeba=koreqtura proof correcting/
reading,proofread,correct the press/text
teqstobrivad=zustad adv literatim,textutually
teqstobrivi adj textual
teqstSi SeniSvna n reference
~wyvetili n chasm
teqtonikuri adj tectonic
~napralebiT SemosazRvruli teritoria,romelic sxva adgilebTan SedarebiT dabla daweuli n graben=rift valley
~fila
n plate
~filebis gadaadgileba v plate shift,upheaval
~gaxsna/naprali v n fault
texili(ix.xazi) adj broken
tvini n brains
~zurgis n pith
~qerqi n adj cortex
tvirTbrunva n commodity circulation
tvirTmzidaoba n draught
tvirTva v burden,load
tvirTi n baggage,burden,charge,load
~mSoblis/Svilis n v tax
tvifvra v ger emboss/stamp(ing),
tiara n tiara
tibikoni=tipikoni n Gr. typikon
tivtiva n float
tivtivi v n ger float(ation)(ing)
tiki(ix.rumbi) n water/wine skin (usu.made
of goat-hide)
tilo(si) n adj cloth
~gansabaneli
n lavabo towel
~saxatavi
n canvas
~uxeSi
n adj sackcloth
~xami adj unbleached
timpani n sing/pl Lat. tympanum/tympani=
tympan(on)
tipi n type
~gabatonbuli predominant ~
~gavrcelebuli common,widespread ~
~ganmsazRvreli diagnostic(leader/leading)
~daxvewili accurate(afficient,ornate,refined
~ZiriTadi
basic ~
~wamyvani
leading ~
tipikoni n typicon
tipiuri/tipiurad adj adv typical(ly)
tipologia n typology
tipologiuri/tipologiurad adj adv
typological(ly)
tirani n tyrant
tirania n tyranny
tire n dash,hyphen
tirisdeni(ix.noemberi,tiriskoni,giorgobisa) n November,December
tiriskani(ix.mwifobisa,sTvlisa,oqtomberi,Rvinobisa) n October
tiriskoni(ix.noemberi,tirisdeni,giorgobisa) n November
tirifi=Zewna
n willow,with
tirifis=Zewnis(ix.wneli) adj withy
titveli adj bare,nacked,nude
titulatura n titulary
tituli(s) n title
~gadacema v descend
tixari(ix.datixvra,minanqari,) n partition
=kedeli
~ wall
184
~Sida inner ~
tixrebiT danawevreba v screen by partitions
tkboba n bliss,felicity; v admire,enjoy,feast
tkepna v ger ram(ing),tamp(ing),tread(ing)
tkeCi(s) n adj stave,tag
tkili(s) n adj malm,marl
~qva/qvis n adj malmstone
tkipa
n tick
tlanqad adv clumsily,roughly
~naTali/nakveTi roughly cut(hewn/worked
up)
~naZerwi
adj
~
modeled
tlanqi adj clumsy,rough
tobi(Tevzi) n Chondrostoma
toga n toga
tolaRi n foot binding,puttee
tolgverda adj equilateral
toli(a)(ix.udris) adj v equal,match,sth is
equivalent in value to sth
=gadasaxuri n roofing paper
=swori
adj
(co)equal
=fardi
adj
match
tolferda adj isosceles
tomara/tomris n adj sack
tomTa Soris(i) adj inter/intra clan
tomi n tribe
=wigni n volume
tomis adj tribal
~beladi n chieftain,tribal chief
tomobrivad adv tribally
tomobrivi adj agnatical,tribal
tondo
n Ital. tondo
toni(ix.naxevar..,feri) n tint
topografi n surveyer, topographer
topografiuli adj topographic
qveynis ~ samsaxuri n Ordnance Survey
torevti(ka) n toreut(ic)(s)
torsi n sing/pl Lat. torso/torsi
torfi(s) n adj beat bog,peats
torfnari(s) n peaty soil
totebiani=datotvili adj branchy
toti n branch,snag
~gverdiTi adj lateral branch
tradicia n heritagr,tradition
~gamZle/mtkice adj enduring tradition
~mxatvruli adj artistic ~
tradiciaze agebuli adj building/built on
tradition
tradiciiT adv by tradition,sth belongs to
X ~
tradiciis gagrZeleba(ix.uaryofa) v
carry on the ~
~gavlenis qveS adv influenced by traditions
~gaqroba v disappear,go out
~gawyveta v break of tradition
~damkvidreba v become/make a custom
~darRveva destroy the tradition(s)
~dacva v n observe/observance (of) ~
~mixedviT adv sth made in the N ~
~narCeni/naSTi n fronge of X tradition
~uaryofa v abandone/break with ~
~Sesusteba v n restrict(ion)
tradiciuli adj traditional,in the ~ of…
=Cveuli adj common,current
transgresia
n transgression
transkulturuli adj transcultural
transmigracia n transmigration
transporti(ix.satransporto) n transport
~borbliani n vehicle
transportiT adv on mobiliary
trapezi n dining/refectory table
v have a meal
trapecia n sing/pl Lat. trapezium/trapezia
trapeciuli adj trapezoid(al)
traqtati n treatise
~politikuri n agreement,treaty
triada n triad
triali v n ger circulate/circulation,revolve around sth,turn(ing)
triangulacia n triangulation
tribuna n platform, stand
tribuni n tribunus
triglifi n triglyph
triviumi n trivium
triklinumi n sing/pl Lat. triclinia=triclinium/
tricliniae
trikonqi n Gr. triconch
triptixi n Gr. triptych
triumvirati n triumvirate
triumviri n triumviri
triumfi n v triumph
~sruli crowning ~
trompi n Fr. trompe
tropari
n anthem, troparion (Gr)
trotuari n pavement,sidewalk (AmE)
tualeti(ix.magida) n latrine
=morTuloba/Cacmuloba n ger dress(ing)
tunika n sing/pl Lat. tunica/tunicae
turniri(ix.Sejibri) n tournamrnt
tufi(s) n adj hassock
~vulkanuri n adj tuff
~kiriani
n adj tufa
~miniseburi=ferflis n adj vitric tuff
185
~namtvrevi n adj ground tuff
tufis/tufogenuri adj tuffaceous
tuCi n lip
tuCiani(ix.WurWeli) adj beak-spouted
tuCsafari n lip-cover
tyavi(s)(ix.Txa/Txis,xaris,xis) n (raw) hide
~bewviT n felt,fur,hide
~bude n leather sheath
~gamoyvanili=tyavis n adj leather
~gamocvla(gvelis) v molt
~glemurZi=qoni n adj fat
~glemurZis/qonis mosaSorebeli kunZi
n stake
tyapuWi n sheepskin coat
tye(ix.tyiani,tyis,utyeo,Sori) n forest,
wood(land)
~axalgazrda new/young forest
-buCqi n coppice(d) woodland
- veli n forest-steppe
- mdelo n forest-meadow
~meCxeri
sparce wood
~nakafi
wood-cutting area
~namarxi
fossilized wood
~samSeneblo timber ~
- stepi n partially wooded steppe
~udaburi=uRrani n thicket
~foTlovani deciduous forest
~fstis pistachio woodland
~qserofiluri xerophile ~
~Sereuli
mixed ~
~wvrilfoTlovani small-deciduous ~
~wiwviani
coniferous ~
~xSiri n thicket
~jag-rcxilis wood of hornebeam
tyemali n wild plum-tree
tyve/datyveveba
n v captive
~omis n prisoner of war
tyveoba n captivity
tyvia n bullet
~gula/guli n ~ core
=liToni n adj lead
~ ~ naxSirbadiani=naxSirJangiani n
adj cerussite
tyvianarevi adj leaded
tyviiT daduReba/daduRebuli n adj
lead-mend
tyiani adj (area) dark with woods,wood(ed)
land,woody
~adgili/qveyana tinbered/thickly forested
area/country
~zona n timber line
tyiT dafarva v cloack with trees, wood
tyis gavrcelebis sazRvari timber line
~ganadgureba/Semcirebav n deforest(ation)
~gaSeneba v n forest(ation)
~gaCexva v forest clearance
~zoli n timber line
~kaci
n devil, wood goblin
~meufe
n master of wood
~nakveTi n tracks of timber
~napiri n outskirts of wood
~neiliTi n Forest Neolithic
~piri n edge of the forest/wood
~sakvebis damamzadebeli n forest forager
~safari n forest cover
~sixSire n density
~feria n dryad
~Cexva v ger fell(ing)
~Wra v lumber
tyorcna v sling,shoot,throw
tyruSuli n adj hurdle-work,twinning,wattle
~aliziT Selesili wattle and daub
hourdis
tyupi/tyupad(ix.gaormagebuli) n adj
twin(ed)
u
uadgilo adj irrelevant,out of place,no room
for sb/sty
~adgilas dadeba v mislay
uamravi adj heap/mass of sb/sth,large quantity/quantities,numerous,pile of,uncountable
uangaro adj gratuitous (work)
~daxmareba generous help
uari(s) v refuse,refusal
~Tqma n refuse,withdrow
~ ~ anderZiT v bequest
~ ~ miwaze/uflebaze sxva qveynis sasargeblod omis Sedegad v n cede(ssion)
uaryofa v cancel,challenge,demolish,disapprove/disapproval,disallow,neglect,overthrow,repel sb/sth,refuse,reject,resist
=acileba v n decline,refute(ation),repuls
challenge
~sazogadoebisagan v supplant
~cnobis v cull
uaxlovdeba v comes nearer,reaches
=gavs
sth is readily comparable
ubadlo adj incomparable,matchless,unequivalent,surpassed
ubani/ubnis n adj block,district,suberb
~velze
area,plot,site
~ufrosi n site supervisor
186
ubatono adj lordless
~xalxi unruly people
ube(kedelSi,xidis) n bay
=mkerdi n bossom
uberebeli adj timeless
ubiZga v push(ed) sb
ubralo adj artless,bare,cheap,artless,bare,
cheap,humble,mere,modest,natural,ordinary,plain,simple
~mokvdavi n a mere mortal,man of mould
ubralod adv intimately,merely,just a..,
simply
ubraloeba
n artlessness,simplicity
ubrZolvelad adv without striking a blow
ugvianesi adj the latest
ugzooba n absence of roads
ugzo-ukvlo(d) adj dissipation,senseless,
useless
~dakarguli sb go(es) missing
ugrexeli(s)=ospi(s) n adj lintel,wild buckwheat
udabno(ix.meudabnoe,savane)
n desert
=gandegilisTvis n hermitage
=monasteri n laura,monastery
~naxevrad n semiarid
udaburi adj deserted,not settled
udamwerlobo adj having no written language,prehistory
udanaSaulo
adj innocent
udidebulesoba(vinme) OOne‟s Magesty
udrekad adv firmly,impenetrably,unshakably
udreki(ix.masala) adj impenetrable,inflexible,rigid
~adamiani
firm/inexorable person
~rwmenaSi
unwavering in one‟s faith
udrekoba
n firmness,impenetrability
uduRabo(ix.wyoba) adj dry
uebro adj matchless,unequalled
uerTdeba v (ad)joins,links
uvado(ix,uwyveti) adj perpetual
uvargisi(ix,uRirsi) adj bad,imperfect,impracticable,poor,unfit,useless,worthless
uvercxlo=uqoneli adj propertyless
uvnebeli/uvneblad adj adv intact(ly)
uzado adj irreproachable,splendid
uzarmazari adj colossal,extensive,huge,immence,mass of..,overwhelming,profound,tremendous,utmost
~teritoria huge area,extensive territory
uzenaesi(ix.RmerTi)
adj imperial,supreme
uzrunveloba n carelessness
uzrunvelyofa v n ger assure,ensure/en-
surance,fund(ing),provide/provision,
secure,well-being
~ramis
v guarantee
uzrunvelyofili adj wellprovided for sth
~SemosavliT adj endowed with sth
uzurpacia v n usurp(ate)/usurpation
uzurpatori n usurper
uzustoba(ni) n ambiguity,suspicion,uncertainty/uncertainties
uTavo adj headless
~micvalebuli adj decapitated
uTanabro adj irregular,uneaven
uTanabroba n disparity,inequality,unevenness
uTanasworoba(ix.uflebrivi) n inequality
uTanxmoeba n v conflict,confront(ation),contention,controvert/controversy,
discrepancy
~vinmesTan v be at odds/bring into conflict
with sb
~socialuri n social conflict
uTvistomo adj sb of humble origin,sb without kith or kin
uTiTo adj lacking fingers or toes
uTixo(ix.ukeramiko) adj without clay
uTxovari(s)=wiTeli xe/xis n adj mahagony=Swetenia mahagony Lat.
uiaraRo adj unarmed
uimedo(d)adj adv beyond hope,failure,hopelless(ly)
uiRblo adj failure
ukadrisa=ZaRlis ena(mcenare) n adj dog‟s
/hound‟s tongue
ukan adv backward(s) behind,to the rear
~daubruneblad adv irrevocably
~daxeva/wasvla v digress,diversion,recede,
retreat,satback(s)
=win adv back(eg a year back)
~waReba v withdrow
ukana adj dorsal,hind(er),rear
=bolo adj tail end
~meoTxedi n hind quarter
~mxare
n rear surface,reverse
~mxares adv on the reverse
~nawili n backdrop of=backcloth
~naxevari n hind part
~win
adv hinder part before
~xedi n back sight
ukanasknel modaze adv in the latest fashion
~wlebSi adv in the last years
~xans
adv lately,recently
ukanaskneli adj the last,latter,recent,final,ul-
187
timate
=axali
adj recent
ukanono(d)adj adv illegal(ly),lawless,unlawful
~miTviseba v misappropriate
~Svili n baseblood,base-born,illegitimate
child
ukanonoba n illegitimacy
ukeramiko adj aceramic,pre-pottery
ukvdavad adv timelessly
ukvdaveba n eternity,immortality,life eternal,timelessness
ukvdavi adj enduring,eternal,everliving,immor
tal,imperishable,timeless
ukvdavyofa v n eternalize/eternize,immortalize,record
~vinmesi v n perpetuate(ion) (of)one‟s name
ukidegano adj boundless,infinite
ukiduresi adj extreme,marginal,tail end
uklaso adj classless
ukmarisoba n deficiency,lack of sth,paucity
uku adj adv conversely,inverse,inverted,recurrent,retroactive,reverse
~kavSiri n feedback
~Zala n imposed on by sb,retroactive
ukugdeba v n cast away,overthrow,refutation
~mtris
v repel
ukugeba/ukugebiTi(ukuqceviTi) v adj retroactive,returns(n pl)
ukudineba n back current
ukudo adj tailless
ukuviziri n backsight
ukuneTi n darkness
ukuniTi ukunisamde adv from time eternal
ukurkali
n reversed curve(bow,shaft)
meoTxedi ~ reverse quarter round
ukurnebeli adj incurable
ukuqceva v recede,reflux,repercussion
ukuRma adv back to the front,controversly,innner/wrong side,inside out
ukuRmidan adv on the inner side
ulevi/uleveli adj endless,inexhaustible,
never ending
uleveloba the Infinite
ulvaSi n moustache
ulufa n bit, portion
=kerZi/naWeri n helping
umagaliTo adj unprecedent
umaduri adj ungrateful
umaduroba n ungratefulness
umanko adj virgin
~Casaxva n the virgin birth,Immaculate Concaption
umarTeblo adj unacceptable
umarili(s) n adj whitewash
umartivesi adj elementary,easiest
umaqnisi adj sth ill suited for.., useless
umaRles adv adj top…
~mwvervalze be at its/one‟s greatness
umaRlesi adj highest,superb,supreme,tallest
umaRlesoba(vinme) (your) Honour/Worship
umboni n hogged plate,hog-locked plate,
n sing/pl Gr. umbo/umbonis
umetyvelo(saxe) adj expessionless
umecreba n (bonds of) ignorance
umTavresad adv mainly,most commonly,principally
umTavresi adj basic,chef,essential,fundamental,crusial,dominant,main,sth of major
importance,principal,primary,the root,
predominant,vital,sth (is) paramount
umi adj raw,uncooked
uminarevo
adj pure, solid
umiwawylo=umiwo adj landless
umiwoba n lack of land
umkerdo adj breastless
umoqmedo adj disused,dormant,ineffective
umrwmesi=umcrosi adj junior, minor,secundus
umciresi adj the least,minor
umciresoba(ix.eTnikuri) n minority
umwvavesi adj crucial
umwikvlo adj chaste,pure,righteous
umwifari adj immature,unripe,subadult
umjobesi adj fitting, preferable
unagira
adj two humped
unagiri(s)(ix.uRel..,cxenis) n saddle
~dadgma v saddle
~ ~ sapalnis v empanel
~Tasma mucelze n girth
~kexi n pommel
~qalis n side-saddle
~ostati n harness maker,saddler
unakero
adj seamless
unaklo adj intact,normal,perfect,safe,whole
unar-Cveva(ix.Cvevebi)
n awareness,skill
unari(ix.midrekileba,saqmianoba,Seswevs)
n ability,faculty,means,efficiency,skill(s)
~kiTxvis,metyvelebis,weris reading,oral,writing ability
unariani adj (sb) able (of sth)
unaris mqone adj capable,efficient
~armqone=unarSezRuduli adj disable
unarSezRuduli adj sb disable
unda (auxiliary word) have to,must,ought to,
188
should
adj unauthorized
adj adv accidental(ly),unintentional(ly)
unetaresi adj
Blessed
unetaresoba(ix.uwmindesoba) sb Blessful
unuJrebo adj straight grained
uomrad adv without striking a blow
uornamento adj chaste,plain,undecorated
upasuxo adj dumb,not/un answered
upativcemloba v n disrespect to sb/sth
upiratesad adv in favour of,in the main,
mainly,predominately,primarily,prevailing
(ly),respectively,sth is par exellence
upiratesi adj benefitial, pre-eminent,superior
upiratesoba n advantage(s) upon sth,benefit(s),preference,predominance,pre-eminennce,precedence,priority,prevelance,supremacy,dominate/dominance,benefit,privilege
upiratesobiT adv preferentially,in preference with…
~sargebloba v enjoy privileges
upiratesobis dakargva v lose favor to sth
~miniWeba v advantage,favour sb/sth,give
priority to sb/sth
~miniWeba v favor,give primacy to sth,predilection for sth,privilege
~miReba v enjoy privileges
~mopoveba v take advantage of sth,take the
lead in sth
~mqone adj favored
~qona
v hawk the superiority
upirovno adj impersonal
upriani adj apt,germane
upyria(ix.xelT) v grasps,holds,holding
uraSa(si)(balaxi) n adj Lat. Poterium
sanguisorba
urbanizacia v n urbanize/urbanization
urbanizebuli
adj urbanized
urdo n hord=horde
urduli n closures,lath,locking,slide-valve
~Rerakiani n pin tumbler lock
uremi n (ballock)cart
~borbliani n wheeled ~
~oTxTvala/saZne n four-wheeler ~,wagon
~orTvala n two-wheeled ~ ,wheeler
~Sebmuli n animal-drawn cart
~Cardaxiani
n tilt(ed) ~
urvadi=yalimi n bride money
urTierT
(part of Georgian compound nouns,adjectives) each ohter,one another,
mutual
~gadamkveTi adj crossing/intersecting each
other
~gadaWdobili adj interlocking
~gadaxveuli
adj interlase(d)(ing)
~dacilebuli adj diverging
~zurgSeqceuli adj adorsed,back to back
~momdevno adj consecutive,subsequent
~monacvle adj interchangeable
~monacvleobiT adv interchangeably
~Cawnuli/Caxveuli adj interlace(d)(ing),
interwoven
~CaWideba v interlock
urTxeli(s)
n adj yew ,Taxus gen
urika n wheel-barrow
~xelis n hand-barrow,cart
urmis gaweva v pull
~dandali/dandlebi n v batten
~Tvali n wheel
~ ~ manebiani adj spoke(d) wheel(ed)
~ ~ masiuri=umanebo adj disc/solid
wheel,wheel of solid wood
~ ~ jvaredinmanebiani adj cross-bar ~
~Tvlebis dasamagrebeli RerZi n axle-tree
~ ~ SemaerTebeli ~ n shaft
~ ~ RerZi gadis... axle passes…
~Tvlis garsakravi/salte n batten,felloe,rim,tyre
~ ~
~
liTonis n fender
~ ~mili RerZis Casasmelad n hob
~ ~ morgvi
n nave
~ ~ ~ manebiT n nave, hub
~ ~ nakvalevi n gauge,wheel-track
~ ~ ostati
n cart/wheelwright
~ ~ resori(laT)
n spring
~ ~ resorqveSa anjama n spring hinge
~ ~ rkali gare n felly
~ ~ ~ Sida n felly,hub(Sida/gare=
=fersos)
~ ~ sagduli
n brake
~ ~salte=garsakravi n batten
~ ~ferso n rim,stud
~ ~keTebis xelovneba n chariotry
~kandribi(kandrivi/kirkali) n ring
~rvili n (draught) pole,shaft
~uReli n (horn) yoke
~ ~ caluReli horse collar,whithers yoke
~uRlis apeur(eb)i n binding(s)
~ ~
tabiki
n king-bolt,pintle
~Sebma v attach to,harness,yoke
~Cardaxi n tilt
~CarCo n pl usu. chassis
~Zara
n (chariot) box
unebarTvo
uneblie(d)
189
~Zaris CarCo n undercarriage
~Wali=Wavli n peg
~Wilibi=WiWlaqi=riki n axle-pin
~xelna n pole,shafts
urna n (funerary) urn
uro(ix.qvis) n knob
=mcenare n Lat. Ischaemum Caucasicus
~mWedlis n hammer,sledge
~naxevarwriuli n gauge
~sabrZolo n battle hammer
urosmcemeli n hammerer
urqo adj hornless,polled
urRvevi adj indestructible
uryevad(ix.utexad,udrekad) adv adhere
uryevi(ix.udreki,utexi) adj abiding,constant,firm,inexorable,solid
urCxuli n dragon,monster
urCxulTan mebrZoli n dragon fighter
urci(s)(ix.qondara) n adj Ziziphora
urwmuno adj irreligious,unbeliever
~Toma Doubting Thomas
urwmunoeba n irreligion
usapiro adj uncovered
usafrTxo(d)
adj adv safe(ly),secure(ly)
usaxelo adj anonymous,nameless
usaxlkaro(ba) adj n homeless(ness)
usaxuravo adj roofless,unroofed
usaxuri adj faint,feature/shapeless,undistinguished,unimaginative,tonement
usistemo
adj unsystematic
usisxlo adj
bloodless
usiuJeto adj lack of/lacking subject/topic
usicocxlo(d) adj adv lifeless(ly)
usruli(ix.droSi) adj incomplete(d),perpetual,unfinished
usruloba n incompleteness,perpetuity
usulo adj inanimate
usuno adj odorless
usupi(s)(balaxi) n adj hyssop,Hyssopus
Lat.
usurvazi(s)
n adj (wild) vine
uswormasworo(d)
adj adv irregular(rough,
unequal,uneven)(ly)
uswrebs(ix.droSi) v precedes,preceding…
usxeulo(ix.uxorco)
adj incorporeal
utexad/utexi adv adj persistant(ly),unbearable/unbearably
utixro
adj unpartitioned
utyeo(ix.tyiani)
adj tree/woodless
uulvaSo adj moustachless
uuflebo(ix.mona,muSa) adj rightless,tied
ufali=mxsneli n Lord,Master,Saviour
angelozTa ~ Lord of Hosts
ufalo,Seismine! God,answer!
~Seiwyale! Lord,have mercy upon sb
ufero/uferuli(ix.feri) adj colourless,
discolored,dull,insipid
ufexo adj legless
uflebrivi adj legal,lawful,rightful
~Tanasworoba legal equality
~uTanasworoba
~ inequality
uflis(a) adj Lord's,Master‟s,Saviour‟s
~saflavi Holy Sepulcher (the)
~saxli
Master's palace
~taxti
Lord's (Holy) table
ufliswuli n archduke,prince(ss)
uformo
adj form/shapeless
ufrTo adj wingless
ufskero adj bottomless
ufskruli n abysm,precipice
uqme n dayoff,Sabbath
uqmi adj dissipate
uqoneli adj needy,propertiless
uqonloba n lack of sth
uqonlobiT
adv by lack of sth
uqrobi adj inextinguishable
uReli(ix.urmis,samarxis,Senobis,Wrilis)
n harness,yoke
mart/caluRelicxenis n horse collar,withers yoke
uReltexili(ix.gasasvleli) n corridor,
pass
gadasvla v traverse a pass
uRel-unagiri n yoke-seddle
uRelqveS/uRelSi adv under the heel/yoke
uRelSi Sebma v n harness
uRimRamo adj faint,modest,humble
uRirsi(ix.uvargisi) adj unworthy
uRmerTo
adj Godless,irreligious
uRmerToba n irreligion
uRrani(x.tye) n adj thicket
uRrmesi adj the deepest
uyalibo adj not moulded
uSno clumsy,odd
uSobeli n heifer
uSoresi(ix.warsuli) adj farthest
uSreti adj inexhaustible
uSurveli v adj lavish
uCarCoo
adj unframed
uCinari adj invisible,occulated
ucveTela(si)=Jasmini(s) n adj jasmine
ucveTeli adj durable,long-live
ucveTeloba=gamZleoba n durability
ucvleli adj constant,invariable,unchanged
190
unaltered,steady,undisturbed
ucnobi adj not defined/definity,illegible,mysryous,uncommon,undefined,undescribed,
unknown
~adamiani n stranger
~warmomavloba sth of undescribed nature,
sb/sth of unknown origin
ucodveli adj innocent
ucodveloba n innocence
ucolo
adj single
ucolobis aRTqma n adj celibacy,celibate,
take a vow not to marry
ucxviro adj noseless
ucxo adj alien,extraneous,foreigen(er),strange,uncommon,unknown,unusual
=gareSe foreign,outsider
~niadagze on foreign soil
~sarwmunoeba different faith
ucxoeli n foreigner,overseas(person),alien
ucxoobaSi adv in foreign,yore and foreign
ucxouri adj foreign,imported,overseas
uZvelesi adj oldest,(the most) ancient
~droidan dRemde from the earliest time
until today
uZravad
adv immovably,rigidly,tightly
=mWidrod adv close fitting,rigid,tight
uZravi adj immovable,not movable,motionless
standing,stationary,static
= ucvleli adj undisturbed,untouched
uwarwero adj uninscribed
uwesrigo(d) adj adv irregular,random(ly),
out of order
uwiboo
adj unribbed
uwignuri adj ignorant,illiteral
uwin=win adv N(time) back,before,early
uwindeli adj former,previous
uwmindesze uwmindesi(uwmindesTa Soris)
Soris) adj Holy of Holies
uwmindesi adj Holy, purest
uwmindesoba(vinme) one's Holiness,Reverence/Reverend
~da unetaresoba one's Holiness and
Beattitude
uwodeben(ix.ewodeba) v sb/sth is identified/
named as…
uwodo v claim to be,identify,name,refer to
uwonado adj weightless
uwrTobi adj not tempered
uwyalobo v beneficium,collate,grant
uwyvetad
adv ceaselessly,continuously,
perpetually
uwyveti adj continuing,continual,continuous,
consecutive,permanent,perpetual,unb-
roken,uninterrupted
~ganviTareba unbroken continuity
~xazi n continuous/solid line
uwyvetliv adv continuously,without break
uwyvetoba
n continuity,permanence
uwylo(ba)
adj n arid(ity),aridness
uWiravs
v holds,grasps,occupies
uWknobi adj adv n timeless(ly)(ness)
uxamlo
adj barefooted
uxarisxo(d) adj adv poor(ly),sth of poor
quality
uxerxul(ad)(i) adj adv awkward(ly),inconvenient(ly), mean
uxeSad adv coarsely,clumsily,crudely,offhand,scratchily
~damuSavebuli roughly worked
~nakeTi scratchily done,made
~nakveTi
roughly carved(cut,hewn)
uxeSi adj coarse,clumsy,rough.tough
uxeSmatyliani adj coarse hair
uxvad adj abundantly,lavishly
~Semkuli adj frequently embellished/
ornamented
uxvi adj abundant,lavish,opulent,plenty(ful)
~Semkuloba frequent embellishment/ornamentation
uxilavi(ix.Zala) adj allusive,hidden,invisible
uxmari adj disused,unused
uxorco adj ethereal, incorporeal
uxrwneli adj chaste
~gvami
adj imperishable
uxrwnelad adv chastely,imperishably
uxrwnelobis aRTqma n celibacy,celibate,
take a vow not to marry
uxsovari adj immemorial
~droidan/xanidan from time ~
~drois/xanis adj immemorial,primordial
uxucesTa sabWo n council of elders
uxucesi n adj doyen,elder,oldest,patriarch,
sb senior
ujiSo
adj base,low-born/bred
ujredebiani
adj meshy
ujredi
n cell
f
favni n Faun,Satyr; sing/pl Lat. faunus/fauni
faza
n phase
~momdevno adj sequential ~
~sawyisi adj initial ~
~wina adj earlier,previous
faTalo(si) n adj ivy
faiansi(s) n adj delf=delfth,faience
191
faifuri(s) n adj China clay,porcelain
~biskviti(s) n adj biscuit
fakiri n fakir
falangi n phalange
falari n sing/pl Lat. phalarae/phalarum
falosi n sing/pl Lat. phallus/phalii
~simbolo n phallic symbol
falosisebri
adj phallic
fanatikosi(ix.morwmune) n religionist
fantazia(ix.warmosaxva) v n fancy,fantacy,
image,imagination,invention(ion),involve(ment)
fantaziis nayofi n imaginary
fantastiuri
adj weird
fanqriT=fanqarSi adv in pencil
~naxati n drawing
~xatva
v ger
draw(ing)
fanqris narCeni n stump
fanCaturi n pavilion,summer house
fanjara(ix.sarkmeli) n casement,window
fara n flock,herd
faravs v covers
=moicavs v embraces
~Zvel saZirkvels v build up on sth
faraki n bezel (see Eng-Geo.text)
faraoni(s) n pharaoh(„s)
~maTraxi n scourge
farga(Tevzi) n pine-perch
farda n curtain
=safari
screen,veil
fardagi n rag,trapestry
fardi=toli adj match(ing)
fardis axda v belie
=gamJRavneba break a secret
farduli n booth,hovel,penth-house,shed
=minaSeni n apprentice,lean-to construction
farexi n pen,sheep-hold
farTe=farTo adj broad,comprehensive,
extensive,vast,wide
~aTviseba(teritoriis) extensive occupation
~ ~ = gamoyeneba
full use
~masStabiani adj extensive,large scale
farTi=are n span(of…)
farTobi n area,esplanade,square
~mTliani
total area
=nakveTi
n plot
~Zeglis
extent of the site
farTod adv broadly,extensively,widely
farTovdeba v widens,is widening
~boloSi/TavSi sth flears out at the end/top
~SuaSi sth widens at the middle area
farTxuna adj floppy
fari(s)(ix.Rerbi)
n adj draw,plate,shield
~berZnul-romauli n sing/pl Lat.pelta/
peltae
~garsakravi n shield bands
~mrgvali n roundel
~mindori n field of shield
farikaoba n fencing
farisebri adj shield-like
fariseveli adj n hypocrite, Pharisee
farisevloba n hypocrisy/hypocrite
farisevluri adj hypocritical
farsmanduki(s) n adj yarrow, Achillea
gen. Lat.
faruli adj clandestine,hidden,latent,mysterious,secret
~Zalebi
mystic powers
faruloba n secrecy
farfli
n fin
~qudis
n brim
farCa/farCis n adj brocade,goldcloth,tissue
farcxva/farcxi
v n harrow
fasadi n facade,front(age),fronted part,orthostata/orthostatae (sing/pl Gr),side
~mTeli entire facade
fasadiT... ken... adv fronted…
fasdaudebeli adj incalculable,inestimable,
invaluable,priceless
faseuli adj valid,valued,valuable
faseuloba n asset,value
~namdvili/WeSmariti intrinsic value
faseulobani n pl usu values,valuables
~sulieri n pl usu fundamentals
fasi n charge,cost,fee,price,(monetary) value
~gasayidi n rip/selling price
~nebismieri at all costs
fasis dadeba v n avaluate/avaluation
~codna v have taste for sth
fasobs v sth is appreciated/prized
faskunji n fire-bird
fauna,faunis,faunuri n adj fauna(l)
fafari
n mane
fafarayrili adj disheveled
faqizi adj exquisite,neat,refined,tide
faqsimile=xelrTva n signature
faqtoria n trading post
faqtura n sing/pl Lat. matrix/matrices,textture
faSa n pashe
faSvi n maw
~mzis wnuli=kuWis Tavi solar plexus
faCuCebi n pl booty
192
faceri
n casting-net,fish-trap
faceti(ix.wminda) n facet
facxa n reed-lined adoby,wattle (dwelling)
covered with clay,wattle and doub dweldwellindg/hut,light framing of poles and
twigs/wattles,a woven latticework of wattles doubed with clay,wattle-and-daub hut
fekalia n midden
~ganamarxebuli n pl usu coprolites
felsi(moneta) n follies (Gr)
fena n coating,deposit,layer,level,sequence,
ce,stratum/strata (sing/pl Lat)
~adamianis kult.narCenebis Semcveli
mantiferous layer
~bundovani/gaurkveveli woolly ~
~gamoqaruli weather(ing) ~
~danaleqi sedimentary deposition,superficial level
~dangreuli/ngrevis destruction ~
~dafenili adj coating,layered
~zeda=ukanaskneli(Tanamedrove velis
doneze) top(most)/uppermost area/layer
~kordian-humusiani turf and humus layer
~kordiani
turf ~
~kulturuli cultural layer/level,phase(s)
of occupation
~
~ sqeli
long cultural sequence
~meoradi danleqis placer/secondary deposit
~mWidrod dasaxlebuli populous social
strata
~nacris
n adj ash layer
~nacxovrebi altitude,habitation(inhabited,
occupation) area/level
~naZravi dislocated(displaced,disturbed,removed) layer
~nivTebis Semcveli artifact bearing ~
~pirveli(qveda,Zira) basal(first/lower) ~
~samSeneblo
building layer/level
~sezonuri danaleqis n varve
~uZravi in situ (Lat), virgin(al)soil,undespoiled/undisturbed ~
~qanis fenebs Soris interleaved with…
qve ~ n sing/pl Lat. substratum/strata
~qveda
underlying layer/level
~yadimi
virgin(al) soil
~Sua(ix.Sua) middle area/level
~CamonaSali eroded layer
~Camowolili dislocated(slid,slipped) ~
~Zvelze daSenebuli n constructed on top
of earlier ~
fenaTa rigi/wyeba(Zeglze) suite of layers
~Cawola v n dislocate/dislocation,fault,slip
fenaTaSorisi adj interlayer
fenaSi adv in/within level
fenebad adj accumulated,deposited,layered
~ganlageba v n superimpose/imposition
fenebi erTmaneTis momdevno n successive
layers/phases
fenebis Tanmimdevroba n sequence of deposition
fenis mocileba v dismantle,remove
~simZlavre n compaction
fenovani adj flacky,layer(ed)
feodali/feodaluri(ix.xana) n adj feudal
~swavlebani Feudal Studies
feodalizmi(ix.Sua saukuneebi)n feudalism
feodaluri feudal
feradi(ix.Wreli) adj colour(ed)(ful),florid,
multiply colors
~garsi
n iris
feradovani adj colourful
ferdi=gverdi=pandusin pitch,slope,sloping
ferdobi n hillslope/side
~ cicabo steep hillside
fergadasuli adj discolored
ferebi ZiriTadi
primary colours
ferebis simkveTre virtue of colors
~teqnika(several) colour technique eg
four-colour
~Sereva v intermingle
~Sexameba v n combine colors.color combination
ferTa gama n range(scale/shades) of colours
~TamaSi
v play of ~
~ siuxve
n richness of ~
~cvla v n alter colors,color alteration
feri
n colour=color
~aguri adj brick red,orange-on-buff,terracotta
~alisferi adj mauve,scarlet,vermillion
~aramdgradi adj fugitive cilor
~aramkveTri adj colourless
~baci adj dull,light,pale(colored),soft
~bolisferi adj
smoke-coloured
~brinjaosferi adj tan
~gaurkveveli adj floating color
~gardamavali adj intermediate
~gaxunebuli adj discolored
~dabinduli adj dull,matt,smoke-coloured
~erTi adj monochromatis
~vardisferi adj fugitive cilor,pink
~vercxlisferi adj silver
~Taflisferi adj (dark) brown
~Tbili adj soft color
193
~TeTri adj
white
~ ~ wiTelze adj white-on-red
~Tivis adj flaxen
~iasamnisferi adj lilac
~iisfer-wiTeli adj purplish-red
~iisferi adj
violet
~kvamla adj smoky,turbid
~kremisferi adj creamy
~ ~ TeTri adj creamy-white
~kupriviT Savi adj jet-black
~laJvardisferi adj sky-blue
~lega
adj dark grey
~lurji
adj blue
~ ~
muqi adj dark blue,indigo
~mdidruli adj
rich in colour
~mdogvis adj mustard yellow
~mewamuli adj
purple
~mkveTri
bright,intence,stronger in colour
~mkrTali adj
fade,pale
~movardisfro
pinkish
~ ~ lilisferi adj mauve tone
~movercxlisfro adj silvery
~moTaflisfro adj light brown
~moiasamnisfro adj
~ lilac
~moiisfro
adj
~ violet
~moTeTro
adj whitish
~molurjo
adj bluish
~ ~ nacrisferi adj slate
~ ~ foladisferi adj steel-blue
~momwvano adj greenish
~monacrisfro
adj grayish
~moyviTalo
adj
yellow
~ ~ wablisferi adj buff,fawn,tan
~ ~
~ Ria adj fawn
~ ~ mowiTalo adj rosewood
~mooqrosfro adj
goldish
~moSavo
adj
blacky
~ ~ lurji adj bluish-black
~mocisfro adj
pale-blue
~mowablisfro adj brownish
~mowiTalo adj reddish
~ ~ Jangisferi adj copper-coloured
~ ~ wablisferi adj purplish-brown
~ ~ wablisferi=Jangisferi adj ferruginous
~mrvalferi adj colorful
~mtredisferi adj blue-grey,dove-colour
~mura
adj
black,brown
~muqi
adj
dark color
~yviTeli/wiTuri adj tan ~
~mqrqali
adj dull,mat
~mRvrie
adj
dull,turbit
~mwvane
adj
green, jade
~ ~ baci adj gosling colour
~ ~ mkveTri adj meadow green
~naTeli adj bright/salient colour
~nairferi adj diverse ~
~narinjisferi adj orange ~
~nacrisferi
adj blae,grey
~oqrosferi
adj
golden
~oqrosfrad moelvare adj goldish
~orferi
adj
bichrome
~porfiri
adj purple
~Jangisferi-wiTeli(ix.mowiTalo) adj
rust-red
~Jolosferi adj
crimson
~JRali
adj
buff,oriole
~ruxi
adj
buff,grey
~rZis
adj
mat-white
~salaTis
adj
apple-green
~samferovani adj trichromatic
~sawyisi
adj
primary colour
~spilos Zvlis adj ivory-white
~tyviis
adj
blae,leaden-colored
~ufero/uferuli adj colourless,dull
~ferflis
adj
ashen
~firuzis
adj
azure,torquise
~foladis
adj
iron-grey
~qviSis
adj
sandy
~Rvinisferi adj
dark pink,reddish-brown
~yviTeli adj fugitive,yellow
~ ~
Ria adj flaxen
~yornisferi
adj
raven colour
~Sav-lega
adj
beige-black
~Savi
adj
black
~ ~ TeTrze
adj
black-on-white
~ ~ kupriviT adj jet black
~Sindisferi
adj crimson,purple
~Calisferi adj beige,light chestnut,flaxen
~cisferi
adj
pale-blue,sky-blue
~cocxali
adj
vivid colour
~ZiriTadi
adj
primary colour
~Zowisfweri
adj crimson,purple
~wablisferi adj
brown
~
~
baci adj ecru
~
~ dabinduli adj matt-brown
~
~ Ria adj biscuit/hazel color
~wiTel-iisfer-wiTeli adj purplish red
~ ~ mura
adj reddish-brown
~ ~
wablisferi adj deer
~wiTeli adj red
~
~ aramdgradi adj fugitive color
~
~ dawinwkluli adj mottled red
~
~ qliavisferi adj plum-red
194
~wiTliT kremisferze adj red on cream
~wiTuri
adj
auburn
~Wreli
adj manycoloured,motley
~WuWyisferi
adj drab
~xorcisferi
adj flash-coloured
feria(ix.tyis,wylis)
n fairy,mermaid
feris gafermkrTaleba n fade,pale
~naxevartoni
n half-tint
~simkveTre n intensity/virtue of color
~simkveTriT adv by ~ ~ ~
~toni
n tint
feri(s)cvaleba(bibl) n the Transfiguration
fermkrTali adj fade,pale
fermweri n artist,(icon) painter
ferumarili=fer-umarili n adj rouge
and ciruse
~wasma v whiten
ferfli(s)(ix.WurWeli) n adj ash(en)
~vulkanuri n adj tephra
ferSecvlili adj discolored
ferwera n figurative/imitative arts
~dazguri easel painting
ferxorciani adj corpulent,obese
ferxuli(ix.cxovrebis) n sing/pl Lat. chorea/chorea
fesvgadgmuli adj deeply rooted,ingrained
fesvebi(T) n pl usu. the origins/very roots
~aqvs=midis sth is rooted in sth…
~Rrmad midis ~ go back to..., have the
roots in…
fesvi(ix,kbili,Ziri)
n root
=sawyisi n radical
fesvgadgmuli/mokidebuli adj deepruted,
inveterate
fesi=feska
n tarboosh
festoni n v festoon
fetvi(s) n adj millet, Panicum miliaceum Lat
feStamali=winsafari n apron
fexbakiani adj palmette/webbed foot
fexdafex adv in the footsteps,in lockstep
with sb/sth,keep abreast
~devna v hang on the rear
=Tan adv in the wake of sth
fexebgadaSlili adj legs akimbo
fexebgaSlili dgoma/jdoma v straddle
fexebi/fexTa n pl legs
~ukana
hind ~
~qveS
adv beneath someone
~wina
fore ~
fexze dgoma(ix.siaruli) v stand upright
~mdgari adj standing,upright
fexi(ix.WurWlis) n leg
~fexze adv adj cross-legged
fexis awyoba cxovrebisTvis v catch up
~guli
n sole
~dasadgmeli/mosakidi n stepping stone
~
~
jdomisas
n plinth
~mokideba v settle,step,widespread
~nakvalevi n footprint
~rgoli
n anklet,bangle
fexmardi adj fleet on foot
fexmokidebuli adj widespread
fexosanTa meTaurin Lat. magister peditum
fexosani n soldier on foot
~fariT n targeteer
fexsacmeli n footgear/wear,shoe
~Wvintiani a shoe with upturned toes
fexsacmlis abzindi n shoe-buckle
~Tasma n shoe-string
~cxviri n toe
fexSiSveli adj bare-footed
fTila n tow
fibula(ix.mSvildsakinZi) n sing/pl Lat.
fibula/fubulae
figura(ix.mcire)
n figure,figurine
=adamiani
n figure
=didi ~ eminent ~
~ ~ n fulsome ~
~TabaSiris/pastis plaster-cast ~
~sqematuri n schematic ~
~joxis saxiT n stick ~
~hibriduli
hybrid ~
figuraluri/figuruli adj figurative
figurebiani=figuruliadj figured,stuccoed
figures damzadeba v figure
fiTxi=zondi n probe,situla/situlae Lat.
~mxatvris
n palette-knife
~nelsacxeblis/wamlis n dipstick,putty
fila(ix.qaSanuris,qvis)
n slab
~alizis/talaxis n mud slab
~gamyofi
n septal ~
~kramiti
n tile
=lodi
n flag stone
~saperange n facing slab/tile
~sasresi n grinding slab
~qvafenilis/xis n slab
filakvani(ix,Surduli,qvis) n catapult
filaqani n flagging,pavement,(area) paved
with slabs
filaqnis fila/qva n adj flagstone
filebiT mogebuli adj flagged,paved
filTa Tofi(ix.qva) n linstock
~qva n pastle,pounder
195
filenisti=berZenTmoyvare n philhellene
filigrani=Wviruli n filigree
filogenetikuri adj phylogenetic
finiki(s) n adj date(s)
~palma/palmis n adj date palm
~fitolitebi n pl date palm phytoliths
firmani n injuction,order
firuzi(s)
n adj turquoise
firusula(si) n adj primrose, Primula gen
firfita n foil,plaque,plate,scale,sheet,tablet
~anjamiT n hingrd tablet
~damWeri n catch plate
~danisebri n knife-shaped ~
~mrgvali
n plaque
~oTxmagi xvia n quadruple spiral
~sayrdeni n spacer sheet
~Sualeduri n spacer sheet
firfitadakruli adj plated
~tari n (handle with) a pair of plates(at
both of its sides)
firfitiseburi adj foil (plate,sheet)-like
firficari/ficris n adj playwood
~mosapirkrTebeli n adj vaneer
fisi(s)(ix.kupri)
n adj tar
~mcenaris n adj pitch,resin,thus
fisiani adj pitchy
fituli n staffed animal/bird
fiqali/fiqlis
n adj ground plate
=aspidi/Tixovani(ix.qarsi n adj shale
=kaJiani kirqva/kirqvis n adj chert
=Savi(WaWis qva/qvis) n adj schist
fiCxi(s) n adj brushwood
~kona n adj faggot wood
~konis Sekvra v faggot
ficari/ficris n adj wooden board, plank
~gaurandavi rude timber
~iatakis n deck/floor board,planked floor
~mosapirkeTebuli face board,finished planks
~nagverduli(s) n adj slab
~ 2 diumiani n adj plank=5,8 cm
~3 diumiani n adj timber=7,62 cm
~sqeli n timber plank
~SemaRlebis n rise-board
fici n v oath, swear,vow
saqorwino ~ n wedlock
ficis miReba v take the oath(s)
fiwali
n (pitch) fork
~orTiTa n socketed ~
~samTiTa n treedent ~
~saTive
n heyfork
fiwlis kbili
n prong
fiWa/fiWis
n adj honeycomb
fiWvi(s)
n adj pine-tree, Pinus (Lat)
flangi/flanki n flank
flankirebuli adj flanked,flanking
flate n precipice,ravine
fligeli n wing
floba v n ger possess(ion),hold(ing),have
(ing) sth in possession of…
~mdgomareobis v n control
~xelisuflebis v exercise power
floti
n fleet
foTliani(ornam) adj foile,leaf-motif,leafy
foTlis nawili svetze
n foliole
~meoTxedi n quarter round recto
foTlisebri adj leaf-like,petal-shaped
foTlovani(ix.xvia,xe) adj floral,leafy,palmette,petal(ed)
foToli n leaf
foTolwnuli n garland
fokusi n v focal point,focipe,focus
foladi(s) n adj steel
~mosevadebuli
blue-burnished ~
~rbili
mild ~
~sadnobi n
steelworks
~um.xarisxis
shear steel
~wrToba v ger steel(ing),temper(ing)
~ ~ wyalSi v ger quench-harden(ing)
foladisebri(ix.bzinvareba)adj metal/steel
folga/folgis n adj foil
folianti
n folio, foliant (Gr)
fondebis mcveli n keeper
~gacema/micema v ger fund(ing)
fondi(ix.xelSeuvali)
n fund
foni(ix.mdinaris) n background
forani(ix.dasakrZalavi) n bier
forebiani=forovani adj foraminated,porous
fori n pore
forma n figure,form,layout,makeup,mode,
pattern,shape
~gamZle/ucvleli
rigid outline
~daxvewili
sth terse (in) form
~Tavisufali/martivi easy form/style
~kuTxovani adj angular shape
~mravalnairi array/wide range of shapes/
varieties
~mxatvruli
artistic form
~sawyisi first/initial ~
~Camosxmuli
shaped ~
~warmoebuli derivative ~
~wesieri
regular ~ , shape
formiTadv by form,in the shape of..,in design
196
~msgavsi adj counterpart,in the shape of sth,
sth similar in form/shape
Secvlili ~ sth in altered form
formis aReba/miReba v take the form of sth
~gadaReba v adopt/borrow the form
~damkvidreba v become persistant
~micema v fashion,shape,work sth to proper
shape
~moxazuloba n shaped outline
~Sevseba v complete/fill in (the form)
forminqsi(sakravi)
n phorminx
forovaneba n porosity
forposti n frontier
foson cavetto,cavity,fillet,hole,grooving,mortise/swivel hole,sunken dot
~boZis/svetis n posthole
~brunvis n swivel-hole
foCi n sing/pl Lat. fimbria/fimbriae
=funjebi
n fringe,tassel
foCiani
adj fringy
focxi
n rake
fragmenti(ix.Tixis) n fragment,piece,scrap
fragmentuli adj fragmentary
fragmentuloba n gragmentariness
fraza n phrase
~gacveTili
hackneyed ~
frena v ger n fly(ing),flight
freska/freskis(ix.Semkuli) n fresco,mural
~teqnika
fresco technique
~Semkuli adj embellished,ornamented
~xatva mSral baTqaSze wylis saRebaviT n secco (Ital)
freskiT Semkuli adj frescoed
frTa(ix.guTnis,saweri) n wing
frTagaSlili adj flying
frTebiani/frTiani adj vaned,winged
frTosani(ix.cxeni,xari) adj winged
~suli n sing/pl Lat. ~ genius/genii
~qali n ~ female
frizi
n frieze
~morkaluli n sing/pl Lat. torus/tori
frinveli n bird
~gadamfreni n migratory ~ /~ of passage
~mtacebeli n ~ of pray
~Sinauri n fowl,poultry
~wylis
n waterfowl
~Waobis n wader
frinvelis mkerdis Zvali n wishbone
~ ~ ~ didi,wvetiani n carinate
~ frTa n flag, wing
frontaluri adj frontal
frontaluroba n frontality
frontoni(s) n attic,pediment,fronton (Fr)
~ornamenti-Sverili n sing/pl Lat.
acroterium/acroterii
~qva n fronton/pediment stone
~ ~ sayrdeni n kneeler
frCxili(ix.ornamenti) n (finger)nail
~sayrdeni gvirgvinis an lavgardanis
qveS n modillion
frCxilisebri adj finger-nail-shaped
frcxila/frcxilis=sardoniqsi(s) n adj
sardonyx
fsalmuni n psalm(os) Gr.
=krebuli n Psalter
fsevdo(part of compound word),adj pseudo…
fsevdonimi n pseudonym
~mwerlis n pen-name
fskeri
n bottom
fsta/fstis n adj pistachio
fuTa n bundle
fuladi adj monetary,pecuniary
~begara quit rent
~meurneoba n monetary management
~Rirebuleba n
~
value
~jildo n gratuity
fulamdeli
adj pre-monetary
~funqcia n
~ function
fuli(ix.moneta) n money
~auarebeli
a pot of ~
~gamomuSavebuli
earned ~ , earnings
~gamosasyidi
ransom
=zodi
currency bar
~mimoqcevaSi
(money) in currency
~mogroveba v collect, save
=moneta
coined money
~msxvili money in large domination
~spilenZis
copper coin
~Segrovili adj saved/savings, fund
~wvrili small coin, token money
~xurda
billon coin, change (n)
Ffulis adreuli niSani early form of
money
~brunva/mimoqceva v currency,monetary
circulation,function
~brunvaSi/mimoqcevaSi gaSveba v put
into circulation
~brunvidan/mimoqcevidan amoReba withdrow from circulation
~gadamcvleli=mekerme n money-changer
~gamoSveba n v issue (by sb)
~dagroveba,mogroveba v ger save(ing)(s)
~danaxarji n v invest(ment)
~Segroveba v collect,save
197
~ mimoqceva monetary transaction
~moWran v ger coinage,mint(ing),strike(ing)
~niSani
n bank note,bill
~nominalin face value,nominalis/nominale
(sing/pl Lat)
~Rirebuleba n (monetary) value
funduki
n arcade, town-house
funji(ix.foCiani,yalami) n brush
=samkauli n fringe,tassel
funjiani adj fringy
funjiT xatva=Rebva v ger paint(ing)
furi(ix.iremi) n cow
furne n bakery,bake-house,furnus/furni (Lat)
furceli n leaf,sheet of paper
~liTonis n plate
~nabeWdi n printed page,printer's sheet
~natvifri adj pressed/stamped ~
~satitulo adj front/title page
~ukana mxare n overleaf
~Ria
n authority paper
~yvavilis n petal
~Sewyvilebuli n double sheet
~CanarTi
n leaflet,loose leaf
~cal mxares danomrili n folio
furceliviT gabrtyeleba v hammer into
sheet
furclovani(ix.liToni)
adj sheet
futkari
n bee
~mamri n drone
futkris nestari/danestvra n v stinge
futuro(ix,fuye) adj hollow(ed),shallow(ed)
out
~milaki
n tubular cavity
fufuneba/fufunebisn adj luxury/luxurious
~sagnebi n pl luxuries,luxury items
~saqoneli n pl luxury goods
fuRuro n hive
fuye(ix.futuro) adj hollow,tubular
fuZe(ix.angelozi) n base
~mrgvali(miwis an qvis) n sing/pl Lat.
pulvinus/pulvini
=ojaxi/saxli n family, hearth
fuZeamoRaruli adj hollow-based
fuZemdebeli n creator,founder
~gvaris n ancestor,forefather,patriarch,
progenitor, root
fuZemdebluri adj the first principle
fuWi
adj empty,mere,vain
fSvnadi
adj friable
fxa/fxis n adj bone
~danis n edge
~mWreli n blade
fxali/fxlis=mxali/mxlisn adj wild plant
fxvieri
adj boggy
fxvnilad qceva v n levigate/levigation
fxvnili(s) n adj powder(y)
~galesva v ger grind(ing)
~salesi qva
n slab
fxiani=mWreli adj bladed
fxizeli adj shrewd
q
v n homily,preach(ify),propagate/
propagation
=Wkuis swavleba v n exhort(ation) about
qadagebani n pl Homilies
qadagebis wakiTxva eklesiis kaTedridan
v pulpit
qadagi n preacher
qala/qalas(ix.Tavis,kefa,Zvali)n adj skull,
cranium/crania (sing/pl Lat)
~dazianeba n lesion
~Txemi(s) n sinciput(al)
~nakeri n suture
~sarqveli n sing/pl Lat. calva/calvae
qalamani(ix.xamli) n bast-shoe,sandal
qalaqad qceva/qalaqmSenebloba v n develop into town,urbanize/urbanization
qalaqgareT adv country(out of town),suberb
qalaqgegmareba/gegmarebiTi n adj townplanning
qalaqelebi n town folk
qalaqva/qvis n adj stone image of a female
qalaqmSenebeli n urbanist
qalaqmSenebeli n urbanist
qalaqmSenebloba v n urbanize/urbanization
qalaqwarmoqmna n townformation
qalaqi n city(site),town
~ayvavebuli n thriving city
~axalSeni
n colony
~gamoqvabuli n cave city
~dgas/mdebareobs v lies,stands,is situated
~zemo n upper city
~Tavisufali n
free town
~mTavari dminant(major,mother,principal)~ ~
~muzeumi n museum ~ ~
~patara/daba n town
~pirveli/Ziri n mother ~ ~
~pirvelsataxto n the first/oldest capital
~savaWro-saxelosno n town of trade and
commerce
~sanapiro n coastal city
~sataxto
n capital ~
~saxelmwifo n city-state=polity
qadageba
198
~taZari n city/town of worship
~Camoyalibebuli n full fledged city
~cixe
citadel,stockaded town
~wminda
HHoly City
qalaqis adj city's,town's,municipal
~alya/Semowyoba n v siege,surround
~axlo(s) adv in the vicinity of city/town
~gavrceleba v n grow(th) of city
~galavani n city wall
~gareubani/Semogarenin pl outskirts,suberb
~gaCena
v n emerge(nce) of the city-site
~damSveneba v n embellish(ment)
~zRvari n town-line
~TviTmmarTveloba n municipality,municimunicipal/self-government
~kide n edge
~mTavari quCa n the main thoroughfare
~saqmiani nawili/centri n downtown
~saxeli Seiqmna/daerqva city derived its
name from…
~Semogareni n pl pricincts
~WiSkari n city gate
qalaqobamdeli adj pre-urban
qalaquri adj urban setting
qalaqwarmoqmna n townformation
qali(s) n female,woman
~mkerdi n female bosom/breast
~msgavsi kaci n androgyne
~xazi n female line
qaliSvili n maiden
qaliSvilobis gvari n ~ name
qalki(s) n adj Lat. chakcum/chalci
qalta
n cattle yard, pen
qaluri adj feminine
~sawyisi female origin
qaluroba/qaloba n feminity
qalRmerTi n goddess
~marcvleulis
corn ~
~nayofierebis
goddess of fertility
qalcedoni(s) n adj chalcedony
qalwuli n chaste,maiden,virgin
qalwulis sartyeli n sing/pl Lat. zona/
zonae
qalwulobis aRTqma(ix.ucolobis) n adj
v celibacy,celibate,take a viw not to marry
qamandi n v lasso,noose
qamari(ix.sartyeli) n belt,weist-band
qamriani/qamarSemortymuli adj belted
qamris balTa
n belt-clasp
~Semokvra v gird
~SemoWera=gaWirveba v tighten a belt
qandakeba n figure,image,sculpture,statuet(te)
~anabeWdi n squeeze of sculpture
~kargad gadmocemuli n adj well-articulated
~mrgvali n sculpture/statue (curved) in the
round
~msuqani/xorcsavse n obese figure,corpulent sculpture/statue
~mcire n figurine,a piece of sculpture,a small
sculpture,statuette
~patara n figurine
~filaze n statue-menhir
~SiSveli n nudity
qandakebaTa jgufi n statuary
qandakebis TvalebSi rkalebi n pl phosphenes
~teqnika n statuery technique
qanebis ganlageba n bedding,pattern
qani(s)
n adj rock
~axalgazrda adj
recent ~
~gamonamuSevari n exhausted ore,rock outcrops
~gamoqarva
v ger weather(ing)
~gaSiSvleba v n denude/denudation
deda ~
n parent rock,virgin soil
mcuravi ~
n
floating rock
~namtvrevi n clast,debris
~narCeni n residual rock
~rbili
n adj softstone
fuWi ~ n adj barren rock/ore
~CamonaSali
eroded ~ ~
~Camowolili n dislocated(embeded,slid,
slipped) rock
qanobi n pitch,slope side
qaragma n tilde,titlo
qaravani n caravan
~aqlemebis
n camelcade
qarafi n steep
qarbuqi n blizzard
qargva(ix.naqargi) v embroider
qargili n centering,full corner arch,stringer,
tubbing
qarva/qarvis n adj amber
mcenare qarvaSi ~ Flora
mweri/cxoveli
~ Fauna
Savi ~
n adj
jet
qarvasla n caravanserai,coaching inn
qari n wind
~wvimis momtani adj rain bearing wind
qarizma n Gr. c(h)arisma/c(h)arismata
qarizmatuli(ix.RvTivSTagonebuli) adj
c(h)arismatic
199
qariSxali n storm
qarsafari n windshield
qarsi(s)(ix.fiqali) n adj mica,shale
~Semcveli
adj micaceous
qartia n Charte
didi ~
Charta Magna
uflebaTa ~ Rights Charte
qarqaSi n v scabbard
~liTonis
n chape
~tyavis
n sheath
~ Cageba v sheathe
qarCi n mattock,winged axe
qato(si)
n no pl . adj brain
qafqiri
n straining spoon
qafCa n mortar board,trowel
qaSanuri(s)(ix.Sorenkeci,WurWeli) n adj
glazed clay
~fila/filis n adj glazed tile
qaCali adj bald
qacvi(s) n adj Sea Buckthorn, Hippophaё gen
qaji n elemon
qeba(i)(ix.Tavis)
n v praise
qebis Rirsi adj praiseworthy
qebuli/naqebi
adj praised
qedi(s)
n adj mountain,ridge,range
~ganStoeba
n remification
~sagnis
n crest,peak
~wyalgamyofi adj permeable of water
qedmoxra
v cringe; n servility
qeifi n v carous
~RamisTeviT
n v wake
qelexi n funerary banquit/feast
~dakrZalvamde n v wake
qereli(s)
n adj hemp
qereWi=qercli
n pl only scales
~erTmaneTze miwyobili adj puttee
qeri(s) n adj barley,oat, Hordeum vulgare spontaneum Lat.
~SiSvelmarcvlovani n adj Hordeum distichum Lat.
qerubimi/qerubini(ix.serafimi)n cherub(ic),
cherubim/cherubin (n sing/pl Lat)
qerqin envelope,jacket,cover, scales (pl only),
shell
~dedamiwis
n earth's crust
=safari
n cover,envelop
~teqtonikuri napralebiT SemosazRvru
li
n rift valley=graben
~tvinis n (cerebral) cortex
qerclisebri(ix.qereWi) adj flacky,imbricated,scaly
qeCa/qeCis n adj felt
qeCo n nape
qva(ix.qvaze,qviT,qvis...) n stone
~amosaqoli/saWeqi adj n seal ~
~anatkecebiT cal mxares adj n uniface/
unifacial ~
~beWdis/gemmis adj n gemstone
~bordiuris n adj kerb
~bunebrivi n adj Oriental+romelime jiSis qva
~gadabmis n adj bonder
~(ga)Tlili n adj ashlar(block),dressed
stone
~gverdebSemotexili n adj core
~damagvirgvinebeli n adj coping stone
~damuSavebuli n adj dressed(trimmed/woked) ~
~dasaklavi/mosaklavi n adj killing instrument
~dasamuSavebeli/xeluxlebeli n adj nodule,nucleus
~dasamuSaveblad vargisi n adj workable
stone
~dasartymeli n adj precursor
~daumuSavebeli n adj bastard(crude,rough,
undressed,unworked) stone
~daSlili n adj crumbled ~
~didi n adj knoll
~dolmenis saxuravi n adj cap ~
~veSapi n adj vishap
~vulkanuri=felziti=felsiti n adj pumice stone,felcite=felstone
~Tavkiduris n adj corner stone
~TaRis n adj arch/vault ~
~ ~ quslis n adj springer
~ ~ Sua n adj keystone
~TirkmelSi n adj kidney stone
~Tlili n adj ashlar-block,coating/curved ~
~kameris saxuravi n adj cover,lid,slab
~
~
~ xvreliT n adj part-hole ~
~kari n door block
~kaWari lodi n adj boulder
~ ~ qva n adj cobble(irregular,rag,rubble) ~
~kuTxedi/kuTxis n adj corner(key,quoin,toothing) ~
~lamis n adj mudstone
~lodi(ix.lodi) n adj stone block
~madani/madnis n adj block ore,rock outcrop
~marcvlis sasresi n adj wheat stone,manos and mutates (AmE)
~mosapirkeTebeli n adj coating stone,orthostat
~mfeneli n paviour
200
~nagleji(natexi/fleTili) n adj irregular
(rubble,rug) rock/stone
~nakveTi n adj sculptured ~
~namtvrevi n adj chipped ~
~naprialebi n adj abrasive/polished ~
~natexi(texili/fleTili) n adj lump,ruble ~
~naxevrdZvirfasi n adj semi-precious ~
~naxexi n adj ground ~
~or mxares anatkecebiT n adj biface/bifacial ~
~ormxriv atkecili n adj biface ~
~patiosani/Zvirfasi n adj precious/splendid ~
~rbili n adj softstone
~rgvali(s) n adj water-worn gravel/stone
~ ~ sasroli n adj flat/round weapon
~ ~
~ iaraRi n anager/anageri n
sing/pl Lat.
~riyis n adj daw(cobble,pebble,river) stone
riverine cobble/stone,core-form rock
~ ~ kenWi n adj (river) pebble
~ ~ xelsawyosTvis n adj core-form stone
~ qviT mogebuli adj cobbled area
~ qvis iaraRi n pebble stone weapon
~ ~ iataki n
~ flooring
~ ~ qvafenili n causeway,river-stone
road-way
~ ~ Sre n pebble layer
~ ~ xelsawyo n pebble stone tool
~rodinis(filTaqva/qvasanayi) n pastle,pounder
~rustikis(ix.aqve uxeSad) n adj boss
~sazRvris n adj border-stone
~salesi n adj grind(hone/rub) ~
~samSeneblo n adj building ~
~sanaxelao/sasinji n adj touchstone
~saniSne n adj sign stone
~saperange n adj coating/fscing slab/stone
~sapnis n adj steatite
~sasresi n adj grinding/wheat stone
~sasroli manqanis n adj flat/round ~
~satyorcni n adj ballista ~
~saflavis n adj grave/tomb stone/marker
~sayrdeni n adj abutment/supporting sone
~sawyisi n adj springer
~saxexi n adj grind stone
~ ~ qvis saprialebeli n adj abrider
~sveti(s) n adj landmark
~
~ sayrdeni n bolsar
~sipi n adj log
~uxeSad gaTlili=rustikis n adj boss,
rough ashlar,rusticated/roughly worked ~
~fenili n causeway,cobbled way,flagging,
paving,pavement
~filaqnis(ix.aqve lorfini) n adj flag ~
~fleTili n adj irregular(rubble,rug) ~
~frontonis n adj fronton/pediment ~
~
~ sayrdeni n adj kneeler
~qanidan momtvreuli n adj rock(s)
~ ~
~ xelsawyosTvis n adj tool stone
~qvafenilis n adj block/cobble ~
~quslis n adj pivot stone,springer
~Riobis n adj bond stone,parpen
~yoris(ix.yore) n adj boulder/rublle ~
~ ~ Semavsebeli n adj rubble-fill
~Sirimis=kiriani tufi n adj traventino
~Surdulis n adj sling missle/stone,round/
sphere sling-stone
~Camketi n adj filling slab/stone,key ~
~ ~ frCxilebiani n adj bracketed ~
~Camotexili n adj removed ~
~ ~ qvis dasamuSavebeli CaquCi n adj
soft hammer
~CuqurTmiani n adj molding=moulding
~Zalian magari n adj super hard stone
~wvetiani n adj pointed ~
~wuni n adj discard(ed) ~
~wyliT narecxi n adj water-worn ~
~xelsawyosTvis vargisi n adj core form,
core-form rock,lithic core
~xeluxlebeli n adj nodule
~xurda n adj cobble/rubble stone
qvabuli(ix.gamoqvabili,mdinaris,Senobis)
n hollow,robber-trench
qvaze adv in/on stone
~danaleqi fena n chemical coating,rock
varnish
~dartma v hit,percussion
~dartymis wertili n bulb of percussion
~kveTa v carve(curve/sculpture)(ing)
~naweri adj stone-written
~retuSi(ix.retuSi) n ger retouch(ing)
~saxeluris amosadebi rgoli n carrying
ring
~uxeSad kveTa v rough out
~CuqurTmis mWreli n lapicide
~xelis Casavlebi hand grasping,haft,to aid
grasping,proximal surface
qvaTesla(si)(mc) n adj Lithosperum orvence L
qvakaca n stone image of a male
qva-miwayrili(ani) n adj stone and soil barrow
201
qvaSi amokveTili adj curved/cut in stone
~darCa v retained in ~
~nakveTi adj curved from stone,sculpted,
stone curved
qve...
pref. sub… under(lying)
~periodi n sub-period
~safexuri n substage
~saxeoba n subspecies
~tipi n subtype
~faza n subphase
~fena n substratum/substrata n sing/pl Lat
~jgufi n subgroup
qvebi erTmaneTis momdevno n consecutive
blocks
qvebiT amoqolva v block by stone walling
qvebis gadabma kuTxeebSi v ger quoin(ing)
~morgeba v n accommodate/accommodation
qveda adj base,bottom,lower,inferior
=adreuli adj earlier
~done n lower level
qveiTi(ix.meomari) n walker
qveli adj valorous
qveskneli n hell, the underground
=sapyrobile n dungeon
qveyana n country, the world
~beReli n adj grain basket,sourse of grain
~dangreuli/danawevrebuli adj battered
~daclili adj depopulated,devastated
~zRvaze gasasvlelis gareSe adj landlocked
~mdidari n land of plenty,wealthy country
~ ~ liTonebiT adj metalliferrous
~ ~ wiariseuliT adj endoved,furnished,
rich of minerals
~mezobeli n neighbouring/surrounding counry/countries
~mSobeli n parent country
~wyaroebiT n sprigy ~
~mineraluri wylebiT n rich of wlls
~Warbi mosaxleobiT n overpopulated,
suffering from overpopulation
qveyanaSi Rrmad adv deep into the country/
within the territory,far inland
qveynis n country‟s
~aoxreba n v foray
~gaerTianeba v bring the country together
~ganapira(s) adj adv outlying,outskirts,periphery
~gaTavisufleba v n liberate/liberation
~ganapira(s) adj adv
~ganuyofeli nawili n inseperable part of
the country
~gaZRola/marTva v be at the helm,govern,
practice,rule
~guli/centri n core area,heartland,heart of
the country
~daqucmaceba v batter,partition
~dacla v depopulate,devastate,foray a land
~viwro zoli n fringr of the country
~Tovliani mwvervalebis n snow-capped
landscape
~kide n extremity of the country,ledge
~kuTxe/mxare n cardinal point,province,region
site
~ ~
~ vargisi ramisTvis(stumarTmoyvare/Sesabamisi) n hospitable lands
~ ~
~ mTa n high/up lands
~ ~
~mTianeTi n hilly,highland,mountaineus
~ ~
~mivardnili/miyruebuli n godforsaken
~ ~
~mowyvetili n breakaway,cut off
part(s)
~kuTxeebad.mxareebd dayofa v regional
makeup
~mierTeba v n annex(ation)
~nawili n part of the country
~ ~ ZiriTadi n core territory
~raioni n district
~siRrme n hinterland
~siRrmeSi adv deep in the country,far inland
~Siga/Sida n hinter land,inland,mainland,in
the interir
~Signi adv within the country
~Soreuli n cusp region,cut off part,far land,
outlying,uotmost,outermost
~
~ centridan n outmost part/region
~CamorCenili n sprawling region
qveynisTvis sisxlis daRvra v shed blood
for one‟s country
qveSevrdomi adj inferior,retainer,subordinate,
subject
=moqalaqe(oba) n citizen(ship)
qviani adj lapidose,stony
qvianoba n stoniness
qvidan momtvreva/Camotexa v remove
~gamokveTa v chip
qviT adv in/with stone
~amogeba(amoSeneba/mopirkeTeba) v stoneline
~nagebi adj stone-built
~Seneba v mason,stone-build
~xuro=kalatozi n stonemason
qvis adj lithic,(in) stone
202
~aTla Txlad v press off
~anaTali n spokeshaves
~anatkecebis mocilebiT Semosworeba v
trim edges by removing smaller edges
~ ~ Camomtvreva v detach lithic flakes
~anatkecze iaraRis keTeba v make tool of
flake
~anatkeci n flake,long bladelithic flake
~anatkecis amtvreva v flake
~ ~ momtvreva v remove flake
~ ~ wvetiani bolo n distal edge of the ~
~axo n ongoing source for stone,outcrop(ing),
quarry
~baliSi n headstone
~blagvi bolo n blunt/proximal end/surface
~burRi n burin,drill
~(gamo)kveTa v chip,curve,sculpture
~gamosavali n outcrop
~garSemo Semomtvreva v chip over
~gasrolaze adv stone shot
~gaxeTqva v break open
~grdemli n envil stone
~daTxeleba v ger thin(ing)
~damsxvreva v ger crus/knap(ing)
~damuSaveba v ger knap(shape,strike,work)(ing
~
~ dartymiT adv percussive
~dana n knife(like) tool
~dartymiT atkecva v percussive flaking
~dasrulebuli xelsawyo n finished tool
~dayvana saTanado formamde v n reduce/
reduction
~debiti n stone debitage
~zvavi n avalanche,lump
~industria n chipped stone/lithic industry
~kalatozi=xuro n stonemason
~kanis asacleli dana n spokeshave
~kide n edge
~kideebis Semosworeba n trim edges
~kodva/mtvreva v ger chop(curve,knap,quarry)(ing)
~maragi n stone deposit
~mTleli n stone curver/cutter
~mibma tarze v bind
~mmtvreveli(mtexeli,mkveTeli) n knapper
~mtexeli n stone crusher
~mtvreva uxeSi v rough out
~mcire natexebi n pl microliths
~mcodne(oba) n lithologist/lithology
~mWreli bolo n distal/sharp end
~mWreli piri n distal
~nageboba n stone structure
~nagleji n irregular (rubble,rug) stone
nagleji ~ naxexi nivTi n ground stone
artifact
nagleji ~ CaquCi n ground stone hammer
~namgali n sickle
~namzadi n blank
~namzadis damzadeba v rough out
~namtvrevi n chip
~nivTis gadakeTeba v n modify/modification,
rework
~ostati n knapper
~perangi n stone dressing/facing
~samtvrevi xelaswyo n knapper
~samtvrevi ~ CaquCi n hammer stone,hard
hammer
~sasresi n quern
~ ~ unagirisebri n saddle ~
~sasroli/satyorcni iaraRi n projectile
tool
~
~ iaraRi=filakvani n anager/anageri n sing/pl Lat.
~
~ manqana n ballista/ballistae n sing/pl
Lat.
~
~ manqanis qva(rgvali) n flat/round
stone
~satexe n celt
~safeni n pavement
~
~ cokoli n plinth,stone base
~safxeki n scraping tool
~saZirkveli n stone foundation/based
~sawarmo/warmoeba n stone industry
~saWrisi n cutting tool
~soli n toothing
~uro n stone hammer
~ ~ welSi gamoyvanili n stone hammer
with an interseption
~fila n flag-stone,stone slab
~filaze kveTa v incise
~SalaSini n spokeshave
~Semadgenloba n rock structure
~Camomtvreva v chip.strike
~Camonatexi n removed piece
~Camonatexidan atkecili n eraillure
~Camonatexis dasamuSavebeli CaquCi n
soft hammer
~CaquCi n hammer stone
~wanazardi n nodule
~wveti n sharp tip
~wuni n v discard
~wyoba(ix.wyoba) n stonework
~xelsawyo xorcisTvis n butchering tool
~xelsawyos keTeba v lithic produce/prodution
203
~xexva v ger grind(ing)
~xowi n adz
qvisgan adv in/out of stone
~gamokveTa v strike off
~zedmetis mocileba v come off the stone
qvitkiri(s) n adj stone and lime wall
qviSa n sand
~kiriani n adj malm
~msxvilmarcvlovani n adj coarse(grain)
sand
~oqros Semcveli n adj gold dust
~wmindamarcvlovani n adj fai(grain) sand
qviSamxali/mxlisa(mc)(ix. qoTana) n adj
compion,Lychnis ssp/Silene ssp Lat.
qviSanarevi adj gritty
qviSaqva/qvis n adj blae,sandstone
~kiriani n adj calcareous sandstone
~rbili n adj hassock
~udabnosi n adj sarcen
~carculi diunebis n adj sarcen
~wmindamarcvlovani n adj poststone
qviSiani adj sandy
qviSis(ix.feri) adj sand
~marcvali n ~ grain
~saaTi
n
~ glass
~sabado
n
~ pit
qviSrobi(s) n pl. only sands
qvrivi n widow
~kaci n widower
~mefis/mTavris n dowager
qimationi=kimationi n cumatium/cumationi=
cymation n sing/pl Lat.
qimi n crest
qimiuri Semadgenloba n chemicalcomposition/constituents
qinZi(s) n adj coriander=/Coriandrum sativum=
cilantro Lat.
qinZisTavi(ix,sakinZi) n safty pin
~Sublis n forehead pin
qiori=qoiri n funerary garland,wreath
qisa n purse
qitoni n chiton
qiSmiSi(s) n pl. usu..reisins
~1 marcvali n reisin
qlamida n chlamys
qlibi n file
qmna v n ger constitute,create/creation,form
(ing),make(ing),provide
qmnileba(ix.arseba) n creation
qnari=ebani
n lyre
qoba n hem
qoTana(ix.qviSamsxali) n adj compion
qolga n parasol,umbrella
qolgis damWeri n attendant,parasol bearer
qonguri n battlement (pl usu),corbie-step,
crenellation,merlon
~safexuredi crenelation,corbie-step
qondara(si)(ix.urci) n adj thyme
qondari/qondris(sakmazi) n adj savory=
Satureia (Lat)
qoneba/qonebrivi n adj estate,fortune,legacy,property,sufficiency,wealth
~mdgomareoba n factor of wealth,position
~moZravi nnnmovable property
~naSovni n pl usu. earnings
~piradi n paraphernalia,private property
~urTierToba(ni) n disposal
~uZravi n immovable property,realty
~cenzi n property qualification
qonebaze pretenzia make claims to the legacy of sb
qonebis dabruneba patronisTvis v n revert/reversion
~miTviseba v n appropriate/appropriation
~CamorTmeva v property forfeit
qoni(s)/gaqonva(ix.cximi) n v grease
qoniani adj greasy
qorbudan adj antlers (pl only),beamed horns
qoredi n attic,mezzanine
qorepiskoposi n suffragan bishop,vicar
qorkandeli n chandelier
qoronikoni n Chronicon,paschal cycle/table
qorwineba(cxovelTa,wminda,wesi) n marriage,matrimony,wedding
~kanonieri n wedlock
~saukeTeso n eloquent espose
~Sereuli n intermarriage
~SeuRleba v harness
~xelaxla v n remarry/marriage
qorwinebamdeli adj antenuptial,before marriage
qoxi n hut,log cabin
qrTami/micema n v bribe,cross sb's palms
qrizanTema/qrizanTemis n adj feverfew,
Chrisanthemum parthenium Lat.
qriste(s)(ix,ieso,RmerTi) Jesus Christ
~gamosaxuleba eklis gvirgviniTn ecce
~dalursmva
v
rivet
~meored mosvla Second Coming
~mimdevari/moswavle n disciple
~mkvdreTiT aRdgoma n the Resurrection
~swavlebani n pl teachings
~sxeuli=puri=sefiskveri
n Host
~sxeulis dResaswauli Corpus Christy
204
~taxtze mjdomi n Christ in Mjesty/Glory
~Soba
n birth of Christ, the Nativity
~Sobamde
before the birth of Christ=BC
~Sobidan after the birth of Christ=Anno Domini=AD
~xorcad da sisxlad gadaqceva purisa
da Rvinis v n consecrate/consecration
qristesisxla(si) n adj celandine=Chelidonium gen Lat.
qristeSobisa(ix.apnisi,dekemberi,tirisde
ni) n December
qristianad moqceva(ix.monaTvla) v n
Christenize/Christenization,convert to
Christianity
~axladmoqceuli n catechumen
qristiani/qristianuli(ix.samsxverplo)
n adj Chrisian
ara ~ n adj ignorant
qristianoba n Christianity
qristianobaze axlad moqceuli n catechumen
qristianobamdeli(ix.xana) adj pre-Christian=Prechristian
qristianobis gamomcxadebeli/damdgeni
n founder of Christianity
~amRiarebeli(Tanaziari/maRiarebeli)
n believer
~danergva v n ger found(ing),propagate/
propagation,spread
~Semotana v n introduce.introduction
qristianuli adj Christian
~sakurTxeveli credence table
qronika/qronikebi pl usu. annals,chronicles
qronografi(adamiani) n chronographi
qronografia
n chronography
qronologia(ix.daTariReba,TariRi,TariR
deba) n chronology
~absoluturi adj absolute ~
~arazusti adj loose ~
~zogan gaurkveveli n ~ loose in parts
~SedarebiTi
adj relative ~
~Camketi chronological anchor
qronologiaSi amosavali sth pivotal in/for
cgronology,chronological anchor
~wyvetili/xarvezi n gap,pause
~wyvetilis Sevseba v bridge(the gap)
qronologiis awyoba
v hang on
qronologiuri
adj chronological
~zRvari n ~ margin
~Tanmimdevroba n ~ (con)sequence
~TvalsazrisiT adv from ~ standpoint
~kvlevebi n pl usu. studies
~sazRvrebi n ~ coverage
~sayrdeni n ~ anchor
~CarCo
n ~ scope
~CarCoSi adv within the chronology
~cxrili
n chronological table
qronometri(a) n chronometer/chronometry
qrcvini n ferret, Mustela fure Lat.
qseli(ix.sistema) n net(works)
~momaragebis n procurement ~
~savaWro
n trading ~
~saqsovi
n warp
=sistema
n system
~Sualeduri n median networks
qsenoni=saavadmyofo n hospis,hospital
qsova v produce textile,textile production
~qsovilis v weave
~yaisnaRiT v crochet
~CxirebiT
v kneat
qsovili(s) n adj cloth,textile
=agebuleba n fabric,matrix,texture
~agebuleba n texture
~SeRebva v imbue
~warmoeba n textile manufactue
qtitori n Gr. donator, ktitor
qudi n cap,hat
~bewvis n fur hat,galerus/galeri (sing/pl.Lat)
~ebrauli n skull-cap
~skviTuri n callote
~ufarflebo n toque
~farfliani
n panama,sunhat
~Calma n turban
quelTobai(ix.ivlisi,kvirikobisa,mkaTaTve) n July
qulaja n short robe
qura(ix.Rumeli) n furnace,kiln,oven,stove
qurumi(ix.RvTaebis) n auger,priest,sacrificer,sorcerer
~berZnul periodSi n flamin
~egvipteSi
n hieratic
~kaci/qali n bacchant(e),priest(ess),sorcerer/sorceress
qurumoba n priesthood
=adamianebi n priestly cast
qurquma=kurkuma=ili n adj turmeric, Curcuma longa Lat.
qurciki n antilope,saiga
quslamoRaruli adj hollow based
qusli n heel, sima (Gr),haunch,swivel=pivot
~saxsriani(ix.quslis) n swivel
~fexsacmlis n sole
qusliani(ix.fexi,WurWeli) adj ring-based,
soled,leg with a hill
quslis bude n swivel-hole
205
quCa(ix.qalaqis)
n street
~gverdiTi n side ~
~mTavari n Lat. decumenus maximus
~ ~ meore ~ n sing/pl Lat. cardo/
cardiness
quCabandi/quCis Sesaxvevi n alley,lane
qceva(ix.gadaqceva,pirovnebad)v n behave,
behaviour,demeanor=demeanour,manners
qceviTi adj behavioral
~damagreba v pivot
RerZi n axis,pin,spindle,shank,stem
~mTavari
main/pivotal axis
~muxliani bent ~
Rvarcofi n mud and stone stream
RvarZli(s)(mc) n adj Lat. Lotium sp
Rvawli n pl usu. contributions
Rvawlmosili adj eminent,time honoured
Rvedi(ix.Wapnis) n strap,thong
RvTaeba n deity,divine/divinity,idol
~mdinare n river god
~mfarveli n protective/tutelary diety
~miwis mkurnali n healer of the earth
~nayofierebis n Goddess of Fertility
~qari
n wind god
RvTaebad qceva v n ger deify/deification,idolise=idolize, worship(ing)
RvTaebis qurumi n flamin
RvTaebriv(ad)(i) adv adj divinity,divinely,
divine,numinous(ly)
RvTaebrioba n divinity,numinousness
RvTivboZebuli(ix.niWi)adj God-given/send
RvTivkurTxeuliadj the Blessed,divine,right
RvTivSTagonebuli adj c(h)arismatic
RvTis(a) adj God‟s,Divine
~borbali
n God's Wheel
~(gan)dideba v glory,thank God/goddes
~gmoba v n blaspheme,blasphemy
~kari n God's gate
~kravi n Agnus Dey/Dei
~mgmobi adj blasphemous
~neba n providence
~sadidebeli n Gr. Doxology
~sasjeli visiting of plague
~saxli n Master's Palace
~Rrubeli n special cloud
~wyalobiT adv by the grace of God
~xalxi n God's people
~xalxis maswavlebeli n leader of ~ ~
~xma
n God's voice
~metyveleba n theology
~metyveli/metyveluri n adj divine,
Evangelist,theologian,theological
~morCileba(mosaoba) n godliness,piety
~moSiSi(moSiSoba) adj n god-fearing,
piety
~msaxureba n v ger liturgy, liturgical
service,worship(ing)
~msaxuri n God's helper, priest
RvTismSobeli n Mother of God=Our Lady=
the Virgin=Theotokos (Gr)
~oqrosTaviani n Gold-Headed Virgin=The-
R
Razli(s) n adj wool(en)
~Zafi(s) n adj yarn
Rala n quit rent,payment
Ralativ n abandone(ment),betray/betrayal,
deceive,mislead,perfidity,treachery
~meuRlis v n deceive,adultery (Fr)
~qveynis/RmerTis n treason
RamisTeva v be(keep,stay) awake
~avadmyofisTvis v sit up
~locvaSi n vigil(s)
~micvalebulisaTvis/taZarSin v wake
Rarva v cut,flute,goffer,wave
Rari(ix.arxi) n channel,chute,ditch,duct,groove,notch,slot,mortise
~sawreti n drain gutter
~Camosxmisas gaCenili n duct (produced
during the cast)
Rariani adj chanelled,chuted,chased,fluted
Raribad adv poorly
Raribi(ix.siRaribe)adj needy,poor,not copious,impoverished
~adamianis memkvidreoba/qoneba n asset
~monapovari scant(y) finds/remains
~cnobebi
sketchy information
Rariboba(xalxi)
n the poor
RaRadebs v speaks
~Tavad sth ~ for it/themselves
Rebva(ix.saRebavi) v ger colour/paint(ing)
Rele n brook,stream,watercourse
Reraki(ix.Rero) n peg,pin,rod
~futuro
tubular rod
~xis
n stick,(wooden) peg
Rerbi(s)
n adj (coat of) arms
~fari n scutcheon
Rero(ix.Reraki)
n rod,shaft,stick,stem
~narCeni
n stump
~foTlis/yvavilis n stalk
Rerovani adj stem
Reroiani adj stemmed
RerRili(s) n adj coarse-ground maize,grits
(pl only),hominy
RerZze adv along the axis
206
worthy of…
Rirsi adj be worthy,worthy of,deserving..,
venerable
~mama/mRvdeli (his/her) Reverence/Reverend, Saint
~mowame Venerable Martyr
Rirssaxsovari adj memorable
RirsSesaniSnaviadj momentous,notable,noteworthy,outstanding,remarkable,significant,very important,celebrated
RirsSesaniSnaoban landmark,show-piece/place,site
RiRilo(si)n adj daisy=centaurea=centaury
RmerTebis damSvideba v appeade
~didi deda n Great Mother of the gods
~mwkrivi/rigi n godly line
~saxli n temple tomb(and house of gods)=
hierothesion Gr.
RmerTi n God,god(ess),the Deity
~adgilobrivi n resident god/spirit
mama ~ the Lord God,Pantocrator
~mfarveli n God Protector/Saviour,Pastor,
Saviour,Shepherd
~uzenaesi n the Most High
~qariSxlis n storm-god
~yovlad brZeni All Wise God
~yovlismpyrobeli/Semoqmedi God Allmighty
~yovlisSemZle n the Omnipotent
RmerTisgan gamocda
v tax
RmerTma daifara
God took care
~Seismina
God answered
RmerTo,acxovne!(ix.ufalo) God! rest his/
her soul
~daifare! God! save him/her
RmerTqali(ix.qalRmerTi) n Goddess
Robe n paling,palisade,(railed)fence,railings,
surrounding wall
=kedeli n enclosure wall
~cocxali n hedge
Robis sarebi/ficrebi n railing pillars
~Semovleba v encompass
Romi(s) n adj Beauv,Italian millet,Sataria italica
Roris birka(si)(balaxi) n adj Xanthium
~soliteri n Taenia solium=Fasciola heapatia
RorRi(s) n adj ballast,crushed stone,gravel,grit
RoRnoSo(si)
n adj clamson
RreCo n clearance
Rrma(d) adj adv deep(ly)
~fesvgadgmuli adj deeply ingrained/rooted
otokos Chrysokephalos
RvTismSoblis gamocxadeba n the Annunciation(to Mary)
~gamocxadeba the Annunciation
~miZineba n the Assumption,Dormition of the
Virgin=Koimesis
~safarveli n Shroud
~safarvlis dResaswaulin the Protection
~Sobis dResaswauli=RvTisSobloba?
the Birth of Mary
RvTiuri adj divine,God-like
RvTiuroba n divinity
Rvia/Rviis n adj juniperberry, Juniperus gen.
Lat.
Rvinis(ix.vaWari,vaWroba,sardafi,WurWeli) adj wine
~mJava/mJavis n adj tartaric acid
~qva/qvis n adj tartar
~Sewirva v n (pre)libate/libation,pour a libation to…
~warmoeba v n produce,production
Rvino(ix.zedaSe) n wine
Rvinobisa(ix.mwifobisa,sTvlisa,oqtomberi,tiriskani) October
RviZli n adj liver
~da-Zma sibling
~naTesavebi n pl. siblings
RvlarWnili adj fanciful,intricate
Ria(ix,feri) adj exposed,open,overt,unlocked,unsealed
~cis qveS adv outdoor(s),open-air,open to
the elements
Riad adv explicitely
Rili(s)
n adj button
~sabeWdavi n button-seal
~yunwi n tang
Rilkilo(ix.yvavili) n button-hole
Riobi(ix.karis) n opening
Rirebuleban availability,cost,fee,charge,value, worthwileness of..,admittance
~mxatvruli n artistic value
~sacvleli n exchange ~
~sruli n full cost
Rirebuli adj available,costly,relevant,valid
valuable
Rirseba(ix.tituli) n benefitial properties,
dignity,merit,prestige,stature
Rirsebebi n pl usu. accomplishments,properties,qualities
~mxatvruli artistic qualities
Rirsebis grZnoba n dignity, self-respect
~simbolo n symbol of dignity
Rirseuli adj notable,respected,respecful,
207
~wasuli=Zveli sth goes back to the Nth
cent/mill
Rrmuli n cavetto,cavity,concavity
~litonis gaciebisas/Seklebisas n funnel
Rru(ix.futuro) n depression, dip
Rruiani adj hollowed,shallow
Ruza n anchor
Ruzis CaSveba v doke
Rumeli=qura n furnace,kiln,heater,oven,stove,uterus
~gamosawvavi n burning furnace/kiln
~TaRiani
n domed
~
~
~sadnobi
n melting
~
~sakremacio n cinirator
~sameTuneo
n potter's furnace
~sawrTobi
n temper
~
~civsaberi
n blower
Rumelis TaRi n roof, vault
~kazmis Rari n chute
~sawvavis CasatvirTi n stock-hole
~saxmili=sacecxle n sing/pl Lat. praefurnium/praefurnii
~saxmilze wamosacmeli n nozzle
~CatvirTva v stock
~xonCa n loading chute
Runva v bend,curve
yalimi=mehari=urvadi
n bride-money
yalioni(ix.xvirTqli)
n pipe
yamiri n bed-rock, fallow-land,fresh ground,
virgin soil
yana n ploughed field,siftings
yanis Wleqi(s)(balaxi) n adj Polygonum
convolvulus
yanwi n drinking horn
yaribi n roamer
yaryumi(s) n adj ermine
yasabi n butcher
yasbis dana n cleaver
yaCaRi/yaCaRoba n robber(y)
yaCaRobiT Tavis gatana v live from ~
yawimi=aSurma n baldric,cross belt
yajari n sing/pl Lat. ibis/ibis=ibides
yba n jaw
~zeda n upper ~
~qveda n lower ~ ; mandible
yda(ix.tarsikoni)
n binding cover
~qaRaldis n paperback
yezraT naSim=galerea sinagogaSi
Khezrat Nashim (Jew)
yelburi=gaTxovili qali n married lady
yeli(ix.kiseri,WurWlis)
n throat
~zRvis
n spit
~ ~ gasasvleli n isthmus
~xeobis n notch
yelsabami n necklace,strand of beads
yelCemi=gauTxovari qali n maiden
yvavili(s)(ix.Rero) n adj flower
~Txilis/kaklis n adj catkin
~mravalfoTliani n multy-petalled
~furceli n petal
~RilkiloSi n carnation
~jami n sing/pl Lat. calyx/calyces
yvaviloba(ix.ayvaveba) v flourish,flower
yvavilwnuli n v festoon,garland
yvelawmindis dRe n All Saints' Day
yvelganmyofi(ix.RmerTi) n Omnipotent
yveli(s)(ix.damwifeba) n adj cheese
yvelieri n Shrovetide
yvrimali(s) n adj cheek-bone
yidva v buy,consume,purchace
~gayidva v ger market(ing)
~gayidvis sagani n pl usu. commodities
yinvari n glacier
yinvaris maxlobeli adj peri-glacial
yinulis dnoba v thaw
yira(ix.wyoba) adj header
yiraTi=karati n Arab. carat
ylorti(s) n adj (off)shoot,sprout
y
yabalaxi
n hood
yadimi(s) n adj bed-rock,virgin soil
yavari/yavris n adj lath,loculus,shingle
yavarjeni=omboxi n cramp
yazarma n Ital. barracs
yaiTani n braid,lace,stripe
yaisnaRi(ix.qsova) n crochet
yalami(ix.funji) n brush
yalbi adj allege(d),false,pseudo
yalibi(ix.uyalibo) n cast,mo(u)ld
~daxuruli n closed mould=lost wax
~Tixis
n loam mould
~ornawiliani n two-piece ~
~orsagduliani n bivalve ~
~samsxmelo n casting ~
~Ria n open ~
~haerze gamomSrali air-dry sand ~
yalibiT adv obtain(ed) from mould
yalibis keTeba v mould making/working
~keTebis ostati n mould craftsman
~ ~ ostatoba n ~ craftsmanship
yalibSi Camosxmuli adj cast from the
mould
208
yma n bond(ager/man),serf
ymawvili n adolecent
ymawvilkacobaSi/qalobaSi adv in early
youth
ymoba(Si) n adv (sb in) bondage,dept-slavery
yovel
pron. each
~dRiuroba n daily life/routine,
~kvireuli/kvireulad adj adv weekly
~mxriv(i) adv adj comprehensive(ly)
~wliurad adv annually,yearly
~wliuri
adj annual
yovlismomcveli adj all embracing,comprehencive,consistent,largely,representative,magisterial,overall
yovlismomcveloba n complexity
yovlismpyrobeli n the Allmighty
yovlisSemZle n all-powerfull
~Semoqmedi the Omnipotent Creator
yovlisSemZleoba(ix.SemZleoba) n Omnipotence
yola(ix.qona) v have (got)
yore(ix.Zel..,wyoba) n rubble stone walling
~kedliani adj quarry stone walling
yoris amoSeneba v rubble,rubble fill/packing
~qva/qvis n adj rubble
~Semavsebeli qva n rubble-fill
yofa n entity,everyday terms
yofiTi adj household,social
yofili adj cidevant,ex..,former(ly),original
(ly),yesteryear
yofna v n abide,be,exist,presence
yofnis v accommodates, sth is enough
yoymani n v doubt,fluctuate,hesitate/hesitation,uncertainty
yoSi n dustpan,shovel
yoCi(faris) n bell-wether
yrili n barrow,bulk,embankment,heap
~sasimagro n agger,rampart,sheathing(s)
yriloba n assembly,convention
~adgili n assembly place
yrma
n infant
yru
adj damb
yua(ara puris)
n butt,hub
yuTi(ix.sabuTebis,wamlis) n box
~musikaluri n sounding ~
~saxuravis Sida mxare n inner ceiling
~qvis n larnax
~Calageba v ger box(ing),encase
yulfi n coil,knot,loop
~ormagi n double knot/looped
yunwi(ix.Sesabamis sagnebTan) n ring,shaft,
stock,tang
~orkapa n barbed-deltoid tang
yunwReroiani adj stemmed
yurad Reba v heed
yuradReba n attention
yuradRebiT adv attentively,take sth seriously
yuracqvetili adj prick-eared
yure n bay
yureba v contemplate,spectate,watch
yuri(ix.nivTis,WurWlis) n knob,handle,
ledge,lug
=sakidi n handle(ledge,lug) for hanging up
yuriani adj eared,handled,knobbed,lugged
yuriT moTreuli adj far-fetched
yuris bibilo
n lobe
~niJara n auricle
~narCeni nivTze n remain/trace of attaachment/handle
yurZeni/yurZnis(ix.vazi) n adj grapes
~kufxali/mtevani n cluster
~wipwa/wipwis n adj pip
S
SabaTi(kronosisa;ix.didi,ebraelTa) n
Sabbath,Holy Saturday,Saturday
Sabi(s) n adj aliem
Savbalaxa(si) n adj motherworth, Leonurus
gen. Lat.
Savebi=ZaZebi n pl only weeds; v wear
mourning for…
Savi zRva/zRvis(ix.auzi,magia,muSa,feri,xe
n adj Black Sea=BS,(Euxinus) Pontus
~garSemo adv around the BS,Cir(c)umpontic
~midamoebi
the BS/Pontic area
~mxare(Si) (in) the BS/Pontic region
~pira qveynebi countries adjoining BS
~pireTi/piruli Circumpontic area,the BS
lands/littoral
~sanapiroebze/sanapiroebi the BS littoral
littoral
SaviT TeTrze adv black-on-white
SalaSini(s) n adj plane
~kalapoti n stock
Samoti(s) n adj fire-clay
Samfuri n spit brooch
Sandali n candlestick
Saragza
n highway/road,track way
Saravandi-wmindanis n sing/pl Lat. nimbus/
nimbi
~mnaTobis n corona,halo
Sardi(s) n adj urine
~buSti n bladder
SariaTi n Sharia
SaSari(ix.satevari) n flute
209
n adj basil, Ocimum gen. Lat.
Saxti(ix.maRaro) n mine,pit/vertical shaft
Saxtis gasafarToebeli xelsawyo n reamer
~derefani n gallery
Sahi n Shah
Seberili adj swollen
Sebilwva(ix.dabinZureba)v n profane,profaniety
Sebinduli adj frosted
Sebma/Sebmuli(ix.urmis) v adj fasten tie
Sebolva/Sebolili v adj smoke(d)
Sebruneba/Sebrunebuli(ix.naxevrad) v
adj turne(d)
~sxvadasxva mxares v turn every which way
uku ~ adj inverted
Sebumbluli adj plumage
SebRalva(ix.Sebilwva) v n defile(ment),
profane,profaniety
Segirdi n (ap)prentice
Segirdoba n apprenticeship
Seglesva/Seglesili(ix.Selesva) v adj
doub(coat,plaster,putty,rough coat of
plaster
Segoneba v n advise/advice,command(ment),
exhort(ation) about,presept
Segragna/Segragnili v adj roll(ed)
Segroveba v n ger collect(ion),compile/compilation,gather(ing) (together),amass
~erT grovad v n cumulate/cumulation
~erT mTelad v n aggregate/aggregation
Segrovili(ix.fuli)adj collected,compiled,
cumulated,gathered (together)
Segueba v n adapt(ation) to sth,adjust to,agree
with,accommodate(ion),get used to
=TanamSromloba v work alongside with sb
Seguebis periodi n a passing nod to…
~unari n adaptability
~unaris mqone adj adaptable
Seguebuli adj adapted/adjusted to,used to
Sedarebav adjust,check,collate,compare,confer,correlate,verify
~ramisa ramesTan v n compare sth with sth,
juxtapose,versus sth
SedarebiT adv comperatively,considerably,
relatively
~mogviano adj subsequent
SedarebiTad adv comperatively,relatively
SedarebiTi adj comparable/comperative,relative
Sedgeba v comprises/consists of sth, sth is
composed of sth
Sedgena(ix.proeqtis) v n compile/compilation,compose/composition,design,make up
Sedgenili(ix.awyobili,saxeli)adj composite,composed,compound,mended,sectioned
Sedgeniloba n structure
Sedgoma berad/monazvnad(ix.aRkveca) v
make a retreat
~movaleobis Sesrulebis v take office
~saqmis v embark on the (eg study) of…
=Sekleba v contract,shrink in size
Sedegi n aftermath,consequence,crop(s),efffect,issue,outcome,repercussion,result,
upshot
Sedevri n masterpiece,masterwork
Sedis v sb/sth goes in,enters,is included,sth
involves sty,leads in(to)
Sednoba v n alloy,conflate(ion),frit
Sednobili adj conflated
SeduReba v ger conflate, solder/weld(ing)
SeduRebuli
adj soldered,welded
SeerTeba(ix.mimagreba) v (ad)join,connect,
hold together,link,compact,enroll,sandwich,unite
~gamWoli/Cacelili through-splayed scarf
~erTad v hold together
~erTmaneTze piris gadadebiT v lap
~TaTura halving lap,bird's mouth
~Tarazuli horizontal joint
~makratela/ulursmo dovetailing
~ori ramisa v n align(ment)(of) two pieces
~piri-pirze join edge to edge,bed joint
~saqmeSi be involved in(to),subscribe to
~qveynis v n annex(ation)
~SeWriT v mortise
~ ~
da kbiliT notched lap
~Sveuli vertical joint
=CarTva incorporate into
SeerTebis adgili(ix.xazi,xerxi) n bed
joint,junction,juncture
saxsrovani ~ bude
swivel hole
SeerTebuli(ix.mimagrebuli) adj joined,
connected,held together,linked,united
~raRaciT
adj joined by
~Sua feniT
adj sandwiched
Seesabameba v accords,corresponds,tallies
Seesatyviseba v sth coincides with sth
Seexedeba
part. sth is presentable
Sevardeni n falcon
Sevardna
v break through
SevardniT nadiroba n falconries
Seviwroveba v contract,intercept,make sth
narrower,narrow,squeeze
SaSkvlavi(s)(ix.rehani)
210
~vinmesi v be pushed,supplant,pressure on
Sevroni/Sevronuli n adj Fr. chevron
Sevseba(ix.maragis,wyvetilis) n v complete,(in)fill out,maintain,accession,makeup,
pack(ing)
=srulyofa v n supply/supplement
Sevsebuli adj filled out,completed,supplied
Sezidva v n bring in, import
Sezneqa v curve inwards
Sezneqilgverdebiani adj concavesided
Sezneqiliadj concave,curved inwards,incised
Sezneqiloba n concavity
Sezrdili adj fittingly matched
SezRudva v n circumscribe,confine,diminish,
limit(ation),restrain,restrict(ion)
SezRuduli adj frontier nature of sth,limited,
restricted,temperate,shallow
=damcrobili adj diminished
=viwro adj confined
~ramiT adj sth bounded by sth
SezRuduloba n constraint,meagerness
SeTavseba ramesTan v n combine/combination
SeTanazomeba v apportion out to…
SeTvaliereba v n contemplate,discern,eye,
survey,view
SeTviseba v n absorb(tion) into,acquire,master(ing),embrace,pick up,take in
SeTvla v send a word by messenger
SeTqma/SeTqmuli v n promise/vote(d),votive
SeTqmuleba v n consire/conspiracy,plot
SeTqmuli n conspirator
SeTxzva v n compose/composition,concoct
SeTxzuli adj composed,concocted,fabulous
SeTxova v ask, beg
SeiaraReban v arm(s),armament,armour,weaponry,fit,weaponize/weaponization
SeiaraRebuli adj armed
~kbilebamde adj Fr. cap-a-pie ?
~Seteva n assault(s)
Seisvleba(Sedis) v is approached/entered…
Seisruli adj lancet,spire
Seiswavleba v sth is studied/is under investigation/study,is suveyed
Seicavs v comprises/comprising sth,covers,
contains, includes,involves/involving sth,
incorporates,involves/involving sth,houses
Se(m)iwyale, ufalo! Lord, have mercy upon me/sb
Sekaveba(ix.Tavis) v n refrain,retent(ion),halt,
retain
Sekazmva(ix.cxenis) v harness
Sekveca/Sekvecili v adj cease,restrict(ed)
Sekvra(ix.kona) v bind,fasten,hold(piece,tie)
together,pack(age)
n sheaf
~aliansis v forge
~erTad adv arrange closely,fasten/hold totogether
=kona n box,bunch,sheaf
~rkalebiT v ger hoop(ing)
~wriulad/wris v conjoin in circle
Sekiduli adj hanging,tied up
Sekleba v n contract(ion),shrink in size
Sekmazva(ix.Sekazmva) v ger mix in,seson(ing)
Sekowiweba v cobble/piece together
Sekreba v n add(ition),assemble/assemblage,
bring/piece together,gather/meet(ing)
Sekrebili adj brought/pieced together,gathered
Sekruli adj agglunative,bound,consolidated
fastened,sandwiched,tied
~wre n conjoint circle
SekumSva v compact,compress,contract,constrict
SekumSuli adj concise,contracted,compaction,succinct
Selaxva v hurt sb's pride/rights,wound
Selaxuli adj hurted,wounded
Selesva(ix.TixiT,Seglesva) v coat.daub,
dress,plaster,stucco
~aliziT
v clay
~gare(dan)
v plaster,stucco
~kiriT
v limecoat
~TabaSiriT gypsum plaster
~sqlad v adj thick-plaster(ed)
~uxeSad roughly plasred
~xsnariT
v smear
Selesili adj clayed,coated,
plasered,stuccoed,limecoated
Selesiloba n coating,dressing,plaster(ing),
stucco
Selocva v n charm,incantation,invoke,
spell,sorcery
Selocvili(ix.gaTvaluli,monusxuli)
adj bewitched
Semadgeneli n component member(constituent) unit of sth,formative element/principle
Semadgenloba n assemblage,composition,
contents,fabric,makeup,matrix,texture
~qimiuri n chemical compound
Semavali adj incoming,incorporating,reflex
Semavsebeli n complementary,fill(ing)(s),infill,
subsidiary
211
SemarTuli adj raised
~asaxtomad adj leaping
~saqmisaTvis adj sb ready to do sth
SemaRleba n elevated point,elevation,eminennce,hillock,platform,rais(ed)/high place
~mrgvali(miwis/qvis) n sing/pl Lat. pulvinus/pulvini
~xelovnuri n podium
SemaRlebis saydeni n riser
~ficari n rise-board
SemaRlebuli adj elevated,raised,
Semajamebeli adj summarizing
Semgrovebeli(ix.monadire) n gatherer
Semgrovebloba n food gathering
Semguebeli/Semguebloba adj adaptive,adaptable,adaptability
Semdgeneli n compiler
Semzadeba(ix.kedlis) v n prepare/preparation
SemzRudveli adj limiting
SemTxveva n accident,case,chance,episode,ev
ent,incident,instance,occasion
SemTxveviT adv accidentally,by chance,casually,hapazardly,incidental,occasionally,
precariously,stray
SemTxveviTi adj accidental,casual,hapazard
incidental,occasional,odd,random,
stray,transient,sporadic
~monapovari/napovni sth found by chance
SemTxveviToba n (by) pure chance
Seminde, ufalo!
remit me, God!
Seminva v fit with glass
Semiwyale,ufalo! Lord,have mercy upon me
Semkavebeli v adj impede(ing),retain(ing)
Semkvreli adj agglutinative,binding,cementing,connecting
Semkoba v adorn,decorate,dress,embellish,em
boss,figure,furnish,grace,ornament
~xelaxla v n redecorate/decoration
Semkrebi n adj collector,junction
Semkuli adj adorned,decorated,dressed,embellished,embossed,fancy,figured,
furnished,ornamented
~dafnis gvirgviniT adj loureated
~mdidrulad adv exuberant decoration,
richly adorned
~freskiT adj frescoed
Semkuloban adornment,decoration,dressing,
embellishment,furnishing,ornamentation
Semlocveli n exorsist,whisperer
Semmurveli n embalmer
Semobruneba v ger turn(ing) (a)round
Semogareni n pl usu. neighbouring areas,su-
rroundings, thereabouts
SemogarenSi adv in the environs/vicinity of..,
within surroundings
Semoglesva/Semogozva v color(wash)
Semodgma ramisa rameze v elevate,superimpose
Semodgmuli adj perched on top of sth,superimposed
Semodgoma/Semodgomis(ix.saSemodgomo)
n adj
autumn(al)
~naTesi n winter field
SemoerTeba v bring into, include
Semovla v round
=Semowmeba v n inspect(ation)
~wm.adgilebis v n visit(ation)
Semovleba v border,encompass,outline
~rkaliviT v ark round
SemovliTi(ix.gza) adj roundabout
SemozRudva/SemozRuduli v adj enclose(d),enclosure,fence(d),wall(ed)
Semoifargleba v sth is confined to sth
Semokaveba v carry a fence around,circumscribe,enclose
Semokavebuli adj fenced around
~adgili n compound,enclosure
Semokleba v abbreviate,abridge,contract,curtail,shorten,make sth shorter
Semoklebani n pl usu. abbreviations
Semoklebuli adj abbreviated,abridged,brief,
contracted,shortened
~saxiT adj (in) brief
Semokreba v center around
Semokruli adj covered with,wrapped in
Semolageba v encircle sth with sth,put sth
(eg stones) around sth
Semomtani n bringer,importer,intruder
Semomqmedi n author,creator,founder
=RmerTi n the Creator
Semomavali adj incoming
Semomwirveli n benefactor,contributor,donator,voter
Semonaxva v keep,preserve,retain
Semonaxuli adj preserved, held in store
~kargad sth (is) in good condition
~cudad
sth poor in preservation
Semoparva v filter into
Semorkaluli adj arked around
SemorCa v remains,sth (has) survived
SemorCena v n preserve,survive/survival,remain,sustain
SemorCenili adj extant,left over,lingering,
preserved,remained,remaining,saved,
survived,surviving from..,survivor(s)
212
Semosavali n earning(s),income,issue,profit,spoils
Semosavleli n ambulatory,areaway,walking-around area
Semosavliani adj gainful
SemosazRvra v border,confine,enclose,outline,mark the edges of (certain place)
SemosazRvruli adj bordered/bounded by,
confined to,outlined,restricted
Semosdevs v sth runs (a)round (circumference)
Semoseva v n intrude/intrusion,raid
~mtris v march upon,sweep across
Semosva v apparel,clothe,dress
Semosvla v n arrive/arrival,filter into,income,influx,intrude/intrusion,pour in
Semosiliadj appareled,clad,clothed,dressed
Semosuli dj filtered into,introduced,inserted
imported,intruded/intruder
Semosworeba v touch up, trim
Semosworebuli adj tiouched up,trimmed
Semotana v n bring in from..,drow into,form,
import(ation),insert,introduce into,introduction of…
Semotanili adj brought in from..,drown
into/from,imported,introducwd by sb
Semoteva n v attack
SemousazRvravi adj unrestricted
Semouyveba v runs round
Semofantuli(ix.dakarguli) adj scattered over,spreaded,thrown about
Semofargvla v confine,limit
Semoqmedeba n creativity,creation of sb
SemqmedebiTi adj creative,originative
Semo(m)qmedi n the Creator
~adamiani n adj creator,creative
~yovlisa n the Omnipotent Creator
SemoReba v n adopt(ion),asher,bring in,employ(ment),institute/institution,introduce
~xelaxla v reintroduce
SemoRebuli adj adopted,ashered,brought in,
employed,instituted,introduced
SemoRobva v carry a fence around N area
~fiCxis konebiT(ix.fiCxi) v faggot
Semorobiliadj compounded by sth,enclosed
SemoSveba/SeSveba v admit,let in,inlet
SemoZarcva
v dismantle
SemoZarculi adj dismantled
Semowiruloba n aid,benevolence,contribution,grant
~miznobrivi n grant-in-aid
Semowmeba v adjust,check,collate,control,inspect,test,verify
~esaWiroeba sth cries out for testing
~xelaxla v n re-examine/examination
Semowmebuli adj adjusted,checked,collated,
controlled,inspected,tested,verified
Semowyoba(ix.alya) v enclose,outline
SemoWra v n influx,intrude/intrusion
SemoWrili adj n intrusive,influx,intruder
Semoxazvav n delineate,demarcate/demarcation,designate/designation,encircle,encompass,outline,sicumscribe,trace
Semoxazuli adj delineated,demarcated,designated,encircled,encompassed,outlined,sircumscribed,traced
Semoxveva/Semoxveuli v adj enwind(ed)
Semsubuqeba v alleviate,ease,facilitate,lighten
Semswavleli
adj study
Semtvreva v break in/open
Semtkiceba v ger cement(ing),hold together,
reinforce,stabilize
~xsnariT v hold together with mortar
Semtkicebuli adj cemented,held together,reinforced,stabilized
Semurva(ix.gamurva,Semmurveli) v embalm
Semusvra v destroy,demolish,ruin,shatter,
smash
SemuSaveba v design,devise,define,evolve,provide,set up,work out
SemuSavebuli adj designed,devised,defined,
evolved,provided,set up,worked out
Semfasebeli n referee
Semqmneli n author,creator,designer,formative,founder,generator,originator
SemSvebi n v inlet
SemSvelebeli n helper,spell
SemSleli adj hampering,hindering
SemCneva v detect,discern,notice,observe
SemCerebeli adj retaining
Semcdari adj mistaken
Semcveli adj sth bearing(consisting,containing)(of|) sth,comprising
Semcveloba n content,consentrating of sth
Semcvleli adj comprising,substitude,successor
Semcireba v alleviate,contract,curtail,decrease
diminish,discharge,downgrade,drop,
dwarf,lessen,reduce,scale down
Semcirebuli adj alleviated,contracted,curtailed,decreased,diminished,discharged,drop
ped,dwarfed,lessened,reduced,scaled down
Semcxvari=Secxobili adj baked,clotted,
coagulated
SemZvreli adj touching
SemZle(oba) adj n (cap)able,capability
213
~ekonomikuri economic subsistance
Semwynarebeli adj indulgent in, tolerant
Semwynarebloba n common will,indulgence,
tolerance
Semwynarebluri adj tolerable,tolerant
SemWidroeba v compact
SemWidroebuli adj concise,compact, (put
sth) in close order
Semxvedri adj counter… (eg answer/offer)
Semjdari(ix.cxenze) adj sb sitting on sth
Senadnobi(s) adj alloy,conflation of metals
SenaerTi n formation,unit
SenarCuneba v n hold,keep,keep safe,maintain/maintenance,preserve/preservation,retain,
survive/survival,sustain,uphold
~samudamod v n perpetuate(ion)
SenarCunebuli adj intact,kept safe,maintained,preserved
Senacvleba v substitute
SenaZeni n adj acquisition,consumed,purchased
~Zvirfasi n booty
Senaxva v house,keep,maintenance,store
Senaxuliadj housed,kept,held in store,maintained,stored,preserved
Sengreva v break throught
Sendeba v sth is being built
Sendoba v excuse,forgive,pardon,repose
SendobisaTvis adv for repose of sb
Seneba v ger n build(ing),construct(ing)(ion)
Seneleba v ger slow down,slackening
SeniSvna v n comment,note,notice,re-critisize/
criticism,remark
=aRniSvna v state
~aSiaze n apostil
~teqstSi n v reference
SeniSvnebi...
n pl usu. notes on…
Senoba n building,structure
~damxmare SenobebiT associated auxiliary ~
~konstruqciulad dakavSirebuli erTmaneTTan ZiriTadi birTviT cluster-type=clustering ~
~mTavari/ZiriTadi main building
=minaSeni lean-to construction=shed
~samaxsovro n commemorating building
~senakebisebri n cell-plan ~
~skisebri beehive structure
~Sewyvilebuli n twin structure
~STambeWdavi n imposing building
~xis CarCoTi n timber-framed building
Senobebi gverdi-gverd adj juxtaposed buildings
Senobis burji n support-bearing post
~gadaxurva(ix.saxuravi) v ger roof(ing)
~ganiavebis sistema wind-catch(er),windhole(tower/trap)
~gare mosapirkeTebeli zedapiri n face
~gvirgvini n corbelling,coping
~kexi
n crest
~ialqani n pendentive
~mala n bay,range
~miwiszeda nawili n superstructure
~ miwisqveda
~
n substructure
~nakveTuri n casemate
~nawilebi erTmaneTTan konstruqciulad erTmaneTTan dakavSirebuli adj
agglutinating, agglutinative
~nawilebis gamagreba v n reinforce(ment)
~perangi(gare) n dressing,facing
~
~ (Sida) n fettling
~sartyeli/Sverili n corbel
~safuZveli=saZirkveli n basement,foundation
~saxuravi n roof(ing)
~uReli
n edge
~fasadi n front
~frTa/fligeli n wing
~qvabuli n ditch,foundation,trench
~CarCo n body,carcass,(frame)work,skeleton
~ ~ xis timber frame(ing)(work)
~ConCxi n carcass,frame(work),shell,truss
~xedi romelime n elevation
~xis CarCo timber frame(ing/work)
Sepyroba v capture,seize,take
Sepyrobili vinme ramiT adj afflicated/possessed by sth,absessed by an idée fixe
Seracxva(raime cudis,ix.dabraleba) v
frame up
wmindanad ~ v n beatify/beatification
Serbileba v allay,alleviate,soften
Sereva v n add,blend together,combine/combination,fuse/fusion,influx,include/inclusion,intrude/intrusion,involve,merge into,
mix,stir,pemetrate/penetration,switch
Sereuli adj miscellaneous,mixed
Serujva/Serujuli v adj burn,burnt/burned
Serqmeva v proclaim
Seryeva v shake
~reputaciis v undermine
SerCeva(ix.nimuSis) v n choose,select(ion)
SerCeviTi adj selective
SerCeuli adj (well) chosen,selected
Serwyma v n bring together,combine,couple infuse/graft into,interflow,match,meld,mingle
214
merge(nce)
Serwymulad adv in combination with…
Serwymuli adj combined,merged
SerWoba v imbed,thrust in
Sesakravi n fastener,fastening
Sesamoseli(ix.samosi) n apparel,attire,clothes,dressing,mounting
Sesandobari n v remittal,repose
Sesasvleli(ix,saknis,samarxis) n access,
entrance,entry
~binaSi/SenobaSi n consistorium,porch
~ daxrili n (sloping) ramp
=xvreli n inlet
Sesaqme(ix.dabadeba) n the Genesis,the Book
of Creation
Sesayari(ix.saukuneTa) n crossroads
Sesawiri n adj donation,souvenir,(votive)
offering(s)
Sesawevari n offertory
Sesaxedaoban appearance,face,form,image,)
(out)look
Sesaxvevi(quCa) n alley,lane
Sesisxlxorcebav n acquire,acquisition,assert(ion)
Sesmena v realize,understand
~RmerTis mier God answered
Sesuaruli adj soiled,stained
Sesusteba(ix.gavlenis) v reduce,weaken
Sesqeleba/Sesqelebuli v adj thicken(ed)
Sesyidva v buy,purchace
Setakeba n clash,combat,encounter
Seteva v n attack,counter sb with sth,storm
~zurgidan v take the rear
~faruli n sneak attack
SeteviTi adj offencive
Setevis mogerieba v repuls
Setyueba v allure,backon,lure sb back
Setyupeba/Setyupebuli v adj twin(ed)
SeumCneveli adj invisible,not seen/noticed,
obscure
~TvaliT adj not perceptible
Seuswavleli adj unexplored,unknown
SeuRleba v n join,junction,juncture
SeuRlebuli adj harnessed,yoked in
Seuwynarebloba n intolerance
Seferva v ger colour(ing),touch up
Seferiloba n colouring
Seficva v swear,vow
Seficuli adj sworn,vowed
SefuTva v envelope,wrap
SefuTuli adj wrapped
Seqeba(ix.qebuli) v praise
Seqmna v create,design,develop,devise,embody,equip,execute,establish,fashion,furnish,invent,originate,produce,provide,shape,form
~xelaxla v n recreate/recreation,reinvent
(ion)
=xelovneba n skill
Seqmnili adj composed,created,creation,designed,devised,embodied,executed,forformed,invented,originated,produced,provided,shaped
Seqcevadi/Seqceuli adj opposite,reverse(d)
reversible
Seqceuli adj reverse
SeRrmavebuli adj recessed
SeRunva v curve inwards
SeRunuli adj concave,curved inwards
SeRweva v n penetrate/penetration,make
way to
Seyelva v ger cut(ing)
Seyvana v lead in/to,usher
SeSa/SeSis n adj fire-wood
SeCveneba v n curse,consigne,dumn(ation),
impricate/imprication
SeCvenebuli adj cursed, dumned
SeCveuli adj (be) accustomed/familiar to,
been/got used to
Secdomili adj n be in error,lost,sinful,sinner
Secileba/ciloba v n rival(ry)
~pirvelobaSi v contest
Secodeba(ix.codva) v be sorry for sb,pity
Secxoba(ix,Semcxvari)v bake,clot,coagulate
SeZRola(ix.gaZRola) v asher,lead
Sewebeba n v adhesion,gum,stick,become
sticky
Sewebebuli adj gummed,stuck
Seweva v push in(to),squeeze in
Sewevna(ix.Sesawiri)v n contribute/contribution,donate/donation
Sewera/Sewerili v adj appoint(ed)
SewinaaRmdegeba(ix.winaaRmdegoba) v n
contradict(ion),challenge,objecr(ion),
rejoinder
Sewirva v n donate(ion),immolate(ion),
offer,present,sacrifice,transfer,vote
~Sromis v apply oneself to doing sth
Sewiruloba(ix.Semowiruloba) n contribution,donation
Sewova v absorb(tion),take in
Sewyaleba(ix.patimris)n v clemency,mercy,
have mercy upon sb
Sewyvilebuli adj doubled,twinned
SeWedva/SeWediliv adj ger bind(ing),bound,
hooping, plate(ing)
215
SeWediloba n binding,cope,revetment(s)
SeWra v n cut,encroach,invade/invasion
SeWyleta/SeWyletiliv adj bend/bent,press
(ed) in
Sexameba v n adapt(ation)to,combine/combination,match
Sexamebuli adj adapted,combined,well matched
SejavSnuli adj steel armoured/clad
Sejaxeba v n clash
Sejvareba/Sejvarebuli v adj ger interbreed(ing),interbred
Sejibreba/Sejibri v n compete/competetion,contest,tournament
~smaSi n drinking bout
Sva(ix.Soba) v give birth
Sveli-furi (ix.iremi,iremlaRi,nukri,
Svlis) n doe
~xari n roebuck
Sveri n recess
~Cacelili n splayed ~
Sverilzurgiani adj hog-backed
Sverili(ix.bude) n boss,flange,knob,ledge,
lug,nubbin,overhang(ing),projecting;(adj)
projection,protrusion,sprout,tenon,corbel
(ing)
~aqsonometriuli axonometric projection
=ena n tang,tongue
=TaTi n tongue
~satare n haft,shaft
~wvetiani n spike
Sveriliani adj extending,flanged
Sveulad rameze adv flush with,perpendicular
to sth,plumb with sth
Sveuli(ix.klde) adj plumb,upright,vertical
ara Sveuli=gamoSverili out of plumb
=xelsawyo n plumb bob
Svideuli=vnebis kvira n Passion Week
brwyinvale ~ Easter Weel
Svidwaxnag(a)(i) n adj heptagon(al)
Svidmefoba
n heptarchy
SviTi(s)(ix. joriskuda) n adj horse/mare'stail
Svili(ix.nagrami) n child,offspring
~siyrmis n first-born
~ukanono n baseblood
~uZRebi n prodigal
Svilosnoba n child birth
Svindi=Sindi(s) n adj cornel,cornelian
cherry,dogwood, Cornus gen. Lat.
Svita(s) n adj horsetail, Equesetum gen Lat
Svria/Svriis n adj oaths, Avena sp Lat
STaberva v enliven, imbue
STavardna v plunge into
STamomavali n descendent
~pirdapiri n immediate/lineal ~
~Rirseuli n successor
STamomavloba n generation,posterity
STamomavlobiT adv descended from..,hereditably,heritably
STamomavlobiTi adj hereditary
STanTqma v n ger absorb(tion),merge(ing)
STasvla n Ascension
Siga adj core,domestic,inner,internal,interior
SigTavsi n contents,filling
Signeuloba
n pl usu. entrails,intestines
Sida(ix.ezo,winaaRmdegoba) adj inner,internal,interior
~ganxeTqileba n strife
Siiti n Sheete=Shia
Sikriki n courier,messenger
SimSa n line
SimSiloba n femine
Sinamosamsaxure n house-serf
~kaci n sevant
~qali n maid
Sinamrewveli n handycraftsman
Sinamrewveloba n cottage industry,handycraft
Sinauri adj domestic
Sinayma n serf,servant
SinnakeTi adj home made
Sinnaqsovi adj homespun
SiSveli adj bare,nacked,nude
~xelebiT
adv with bare hands
Siferi(s) n adj slate
Sifri(s) n adj code
~gaxsna crack the code,decode,decipher
Skala
n scale
Sla(ix.rRveva) v confound,crumble
Sladi adj perishable
Slaki(s)(ix.wida,juRa) n adj cinder,clinker
~ormo n cinder pit
Slami(s) n adj silt, v slime
Sleifi(ix.kabis) n tail
Sluzi(ix.rabi)
n lock
Soba(ix.kvira,Sva) v bear,give birth, n birth
=dResaswauli n Christmas=Xmas
=
~
wina dRe n Xmas Eve
=Soba iesosi=naxati n the Nativity
Sobamde 4 kviriani periodi n Advent
Solti/gaSoltva n v whip
Sorenkeci(s)(ix.qaSanuris) n adj tile
= "kafeli" n adj
Dutch ~
216
saperange ~ facing tile
SorsmWvreteli adj (sb) anticipated
SorsmWvreteloba v n anticipate/anticipation
Spati(s) n adj spar
Srameli n shed
Sre n deposit,layer;stratum/strata (Lat.sing/pl)
Sroma n labor=labour
~amao,daufasebeli,unayofo n unreward
(ed)(ing) ~
~mZime
n ard ~
~xeliT n manual job
SroSani(s)(ix.kalaTa) n adj lily
Stab-bina n headquarters
Stabi n staff
~generaluri n general ~
Standarti(ix.kverTxi,laxtisTavi) n
mace,standard
Sto(ix.rto,toti) n branch
=gvarSi n line
StoSi(s) n adj cranberry,Vaccinium sp (Lat)
Strixi n dash
~naxazze n stroke
=niSani n feature,trait
~rukaze n hatchure
Studiebi
n pl usu. studies
Sturmi=Seteva
n v storm
Sua(ledi) n mean,medium
Sualeduri adj intermediary,intermediate,
spacer
Suamavali adj n interpreneur,intermediary
SuamavlobiT adv through the medium og sb
Suasagebi n adj spacer
Subi(s)=oroli(s)(ix.Subsatyorcni) n
adj spear
~mtyorcneli n javelin/spear thrower
~satyorcni n javelin
=xelSubi
n lance
Subismagvari adj lanceolate
Subispiri/wveri n pike/spear-head,projectile point
~alisebri n flame/flamy-like spear-head
~grZelmasriani long-plugged ~
~masragaxsnili open-plug ~
~masriani plugged ~
~ ~ Rru tariT plug shafted/socketed~
~ormagzurgiani double backed blade
~patara=mujira(ix.wverwamocmuli) n
lance-head
~sqelzurgiani heavy backed blade
~foTlisebri leaf-like spear-head
~qediani
mid-ribbed ~
~wvermomrgvalebuli round-tipped ~
~wvetiani pointed ~
Subispiris masra n lance/spear rest
~ ~ boloSi gafarToebuli lance/
spear-head flearing out/widening at the end
~liTonis qarqaSi n chape
~qedi n midrib
~Rru tari n plug-shaft
Subldabali adj lowbrowe(d)
Subldaqanebuli adj retreated forehead
SublmaRali adj high-brow(ed)
Sublsakravi n frontlet diadem
Sublsafari n frontlet
Subli(s)(ix.monetis) n forehead
~samkauli n diadem,frontal adornment
~Rru n sinus
Subosani n lance-knight,soldier-on-foot
Subsatyorcni n spear-thrower
Suka n lane
Surduli(ix.filakvani) n catapult,slingshot
=Tokmobmuli qva n sling
SurduliT srola v sling a missle
Surdulis qva n round/sphere sling stone
SurTxi n wild turkey
Suq-Crdili n chiaroscuro,light and shade
effect,treatment with shade and light
Sxami(ani) n adj poison(ous)
Sxapri(s)(mcenare) n adj Sparganium
C
Caglesa v cement
Cadgma(ix.saZirkvlis)v construct(deposit,fit,
set) into,frame,insert,lower/put in
Cadgmuli(ix.Casmuli)dj constructed,(deposited,fitted,set)into,framed,inserted,lowered/put in
Cadgoma(ix.saTaveSi) v stand/step in
Cadri n yashmak
CaduRabeba/CaduRabebuli v adj cement
(ed),lime(d)
Cavardna v fall down,thumble into
Cavardnili adj fallen down/into,sunken,thumbled into
Cavleba(ix.xelis) v grasp,grip,hold
Cazneqa v bend/press in
Cazneqil-amozneqili adj convexo-concave,ogee
Cazneqili adj pressed in
~ormxriv adj double-concave(d)
Cakargva v be lost,dwindle in obscurity
~drois morevSi/wyvdiadSi be lost in the
dark abysm of time
Cakereba(ix.liTonis)
v sew in
Cakerebuli adj cast on,repaired,sewn in
217
v block,close,cage up,fasten,lock,
shut
Caketili adj blocked,closed,caged up,fastened,nclosed,locked,shut
Cakvdoma v n decay,decline/declination,decrease,die away,langwish,perish
Cakvla v mortify,tear the soul of sth
Cala/Calis
n adj chaff,straw
Calageba v ger bag(ing),pack(ing)
~nivTebs Soris v ger intervene(ing)
Calboba/Cambali v adj soak(ed),wet
Calma n turban
Camagreba v fix,frame,haft,hold by,insert,mould,terminate,weld
Camarxva v bury,interre
Camketi(ix.qva) adj barring,closing,stopper
Camkvdari adj decayed,decreed,died away,ex
tincted,languished,perished
Camogdeba v throw down
~taxtidan v n deposit(ion),dethrone(ment)
Camogdebuli adj dethroned,overthrown,thrown down
Camokideba/Camokidebuli=kiduli v adj
hang(ing),hung,suspend on…
Camomsxmeli n caster
Camomyalibebeli n adj former,formative
CamonaSali(ix.miwa,qani,Camowola)n debris
Camongreva(ix.Cangreva) v collapse,crush,destory,gobbet,push down,runoff
CamorTmeva v n expropriate(ion)
~qonebis v oust
~Semosavlis/wyalobis v n deprivate/deprivation,seize/seizure
CamorTmeuli adj deprivated,expropriated,
seized
CamorTmeulis dabruneba v n revert,reversion
CamorCena v lag
~droSi n time ~
CamorCeniloba n backwardness
Camosakidi(ix.Camokideba) adj hanging
Camosasvleli n discend
Camosacmeli n cover,mounting,terminal
Camosvla v n arrive/arrival,come down,descend
Camosxma v cast,found,mould,pour
~mxatvruli shaped casting
~uyalibo
not moulded casting
~yalibSi
cast(ing) from mould
Camosxmuli adj cast,moulded
Camotana(ix.motana) v ger bring(ing)
Camouyalibebeli adj unsettled
Camoqloneba v n ger rivet(ing)
Camoqna v ger form(trim/shape)(ing)
Camoqnili adj (perfectly) formed(shaped,
trimmed),slender
Camoqniloba n slenderness
Camoyalibeba(ix.Seqmna) v n create/creation,emerge(nce),form(ation),formulate/
formulation,constitute,fashion,forge,give
rise to sth,makeup,originate,refine,shape,
set up,structure
~dawvrilebiT v recount
=Seqmna v n establish(ment)
Camoyalibebis periodi/sawyisi n formative
stage
~wlebi n pl usu. formative years
Camoyalibebuli adj created,formed,formulated,established,mastered,originated,refined,shaped,set up
CamoSla v collapse,dislocate,slide,slip
CamoSoreba v cut off,remove,tuck away
~xelisuflebidan v rempve from power
CamoCexva v hack away/off
~weraqviT v hack
Camocileba v n eliminate,remove,removal
~niSnis v share off a feature,deny sth,the
character of sth
~ramisgan v ger decede(ing)
Camocla v unload
Camocma v draw/put on,move over,rejoin
Camocmuli adj drawn/put on,moved over
Camowola v collapse,dislocate,fault,slice,slip
CamoWra v curtail,cut/tuck away,hack off,truncate
CamoWrili adj curtailed,cut/tucked away,
hacked off,truncated
Camqrali(ix.kiri) adj extinguished
~vulkani
dormant volcano
Camwkriveba v aligne,file,juxtapose,line up
Camwkrivebuli
adj lined up
Camjdari
adj driven,edged into,sb sitted
~WuWyi n grime
Canavleba/Canavluli v adj perish(ed)
CanarTi(ix.danarTi,furceli)n bush,insert
(ion),inclusion
Canasaxi n foetus=fetus,simple beginning of st
Canasaxovani adj in embrio,embryonic,in infancy,rudimentary,seminal
~bazari adj burgeoning market
~warmoeba adj fledging industry
~xelisufleba adj fledging authority
CanasaxSive gaqroba v fizzle out
Canafiqri n conception,design of sth,intention
Caketva
218
CanafiqrSi adv in essence, intentionally
Canaweri n deed,note,record
CanaWeri n mortise
Canaxazi n drawing
Canaxati(fanqriT) n record,sketch (n/v)
Cangali(ix.gamiri) n fork
~buxarSi/keriaze n pot-hook
~nawilebis SemaerTebeli n brace
Cangreva v collapse,destroysink
Cangreuli adj collapsed,destroyed,sunken
Canergva v impress on,inculcate,instill
CanTqmuli adj tucked away
CanCqeri n pl usu. falls
Cardaxi(ix.urmis) n awning,eaves,penthhouse,shelter
Careva
v n intervene/intervention
~adamianis n human interference
CarTva v n comprise,incorporate/incorporateon,involve(ment),embed,engage,integrate/
integration,include/inclusion,key into,place
within
~ekonomiuri v economic inflication
~sarTvis v fill
~cxovrebaSi v draw into the life of…
~xelaxla v n reincorporate/reincorporation
Carigebuli rigSi adj aligned
CarCo n border,confine,framework,setting,
shell
~betonis Casasxmeli n incasement.shattering
~gemis n shell
~Tvlis n mount for,setting
~nagebobis n framework,shell
=sazRvari n coverage,scope
~Zaris n undercarriage
~xis n timber-frame
CarCoebs scildeba v sth passes outside/is
beyond the scope of sth
CarCoTi daWera v hold by a brooch/frame
~Sekvra v frame
CarCos gadacilebuli adj sth passes/runs
outside of brooch(confine,frame)
~mibjenili adj sth puddling out to the edge
CarCoSi(ix.qronologiuri) adv framed, in
frame
CarWoba v casp(dig,drive) in(to),embede,lower into ground/pit
Carxze amoyvana v throw on the wheel
Carxi=morgvi n potter's wheel
Carxis kvali n wheelmark
Casaberi(ix.sakravi) adj windblown
CasarTi(s)(ix.namglis) n liner
~mWreli piri n blade-let,bush
Casafreba(ix.safari) v n ambush,ensconce
Casaxva v n ger beginning,conceive,emerge
(nce),origin(ate),stem from sth/somewhere,rise, burgeon
Casaxleba v n colonize/colonization,settle,
populate/population
Casveneba(ix.mze) v n coffin,place/put into
Casma v accommodate,compress,embed,drive/
edge into,include,interline,insert,mount
(put,setwedge) in
~Tvlis v mount in,insert
~miwaSi v dig into ground, sink
~ramisa v key sth into stj
~ ~ ramiT v embed sth with sth
~sogmanis v interline
~Soris v embed/sandwich between
=Cayeneba
v frame,insert
Casmuli adj accommodated,bordered by,
compresseddriven/edged into,embeded in,included,interlined,mounted/set in
~ miwaSi sunk(en)
Cataneba(ix.kedelSi) v accompany by gifts,
place in burial,put in tomb
Catanebuli nivTebi n pl usu. funerary gifts
Catareba v carry out,conduct,hold/run sth,organize,perform,take place,undertake
Catena v prime
CatvirTva v charge,load
Catvifvra/Catvifruli v adj press(ed) in
CauZiravi adj unsinkable
Cafloba v immerse,inundate,sink into
Cafluli adj immersed,inundated,sunk into
Cafxuti(ix.CaCqani) n headgear,helmet
Cafxutiani adj helmed
Caqolva v flaile alive,hail with stones,stone
Caqsova v employ in,fuse into,interweave,
knit in
Caqroba v extinguish,slack
~CanasaxSive v fizzle out
CaquCi(ix.CaWedeba,xis) n hammer
~ormxrivi n two-sided ~
Caqceva v collapse
CaRarul-amoRaruli adj grooved
CaRaruli adj curved inwards
CaRrmaveba v deepen,dip
n cavity,depression,grooving,hole
CaRrmavebuli adj deepened,dipped,sunken
CaRunuli
adj curved inwards
Cayeneba(ix.Casma)
v frame,insert
Cayra v fill up,throw into
CaSeneba/CaSenebuli(ix.kedeli) v adj build
219
in,embed,immure
CaSla(ix.CamoSla) v fail to do sth,sth appeared/is the failure
CaCqani(ix.Cafxuti,samzeri) n helmet
Cacelva/Cacelili v adj mow(ed),splayed
Cacma v dress,put on
Cacmuloba n robs
Cacucquli adj sit(ing) on sb‟s hounches,squatted
CaZirva(ix.Cafloba) v merge into,sink
is, rac iZireba adj sinkable
CaZiruli adj sunk
~zRvaSi adj submerged
Cawera v inscribe,record,write down
Cawerili(ix.garemoSi,ornamentSi) adj
scribed,recorded,written down
CawveTeba v drip,pour
Cawvna/Cawnuli v adj plait(ed)/weave(d) into
interweave/interwoven=guilloche
Cawola v go to bed,lie down,collapse,dislocate,fault
Cawyoba v pack,put
~erT xazze/rigSi v n align(ment)
~nivTebs Soris v intervene
CaWdeva v incut,(im)press in
CaWdeuli adj incut,impressed,pressedin,superimposed
~kvadrati n quadratum incusum
CaWedeba=CaWedva v hammer,instuck=stuck in
CaWideba v cling
CaWra(ix.gaWra) v cut in/into,notch
CaWrili adj curved,cut in/into,notched
CaWyleta/CaWyletili v adj bend/bent,
dent(ed)
Caxazva v ger draw(ing),record(ing)
~ramisa rameSi n insert
Caxazuli
adj drawn,inserted,recorded
Caxergva/Caxergili v adj block(ed) in/up,
clog(ed)
Caxveva/Caxveuli v adj twist(ed) in
Caxveul-CaxlarTuli adj interlaced,quaint
CaxlarTuli adj complex,curlicue,elaborate,
inextricable,intricate,involved,knotted
CaxlarTuloba n complexity
Caxmaxi(s) n lock
~fexi n trigger
Caxraxna/Caxraxnili v adj wrench(ed) in
Caxuteba v cuddle
CaxSoba v mortify,subdue,suppress,vanish
Celti(s)(ix.gza) n adj brushwood,curdiroy,hurde
~safeni n pole/stake flooring
CenCo(si) n chaff,husks(pl only),marc
Ceqma(ix.cxenosnis) n boot
Cexva(ix.tyis) v chop,hack,hew
Cveva/.Cveuleba) n custom,habit
~myari
consistent habit(s),strong proven
abilities in sth
~SemorCenili extant habit(s)
Cvenamde adv before us
~moaRwia sth remained extant
~moRweuli sth extant
Cvili(2 wlamde) n infant,neonate; adj soft
Cviloba(Si) v adv (in) infancy
CiTva(daCiTva/moCiTva) v ger print(ing)
CiraRdani n torch
Cirgvi(ani) n adj bush(y)
Citi(ix.frinveli) n bird
~vaSla(s) yviTeli Acer palmatum Lat
~
~
wiTeli Pyracantha Lat
~mgalobeli n song ~
CitisTaviani adj bird-headed
Citis msgavsi adj bird-like
CiCaxvi n craw
Cixi n dead-lock,snap
CixSi momwyvdeva v confound,perplex
Cliqi/Cliqosani n adj hoof(ed)
ConCxedi n frame(work)
ConCxi(ix.micvalebuli) n skeleton
~arasruli fractional(incomplete/partial) ~
~gaSotili
extended ~
~dazianebuli damaged ~
~danawevrebuli diarticulated ~
~didi tanis robust ~
~zurgze mwoli ~ on (its)back
~TaviT... ~ head oriented/pointed to(wards)…
~TavmokveTili decapitated ~
~kidurebmoxrili crouched ~, ~ in a
contracted positin/withcurved extremities
~mokecili/moxrili in contracted position
~mokrunCxuli crouched(squatted/in tightly
flexed) position
~moxrili flexed ~
~muxlebmokecili ~ with bent/flexed legs
~mwolare lying ~
~ ~ gverdze ~ ~ on the left/right side
~ ~ zurgze ~ ~ on one's back,backwards,
supine
~ ~piraRma ~ ~ front up,supine
~ ~pirqve ~ ~ with face down(wards),
front down,prone
~fexebmokecili barZaysa da muxlSi
~ with legs crouched
220
~Canasaxis formiT in embryonic/foetal position
~Zalze moxrili tightly flexed position
~xel-fexgamarTuli=gaSotili ~ with
stretched extremities
~xel-fexmokecili(ix.kidurebmoxrili)
with crouched/curved extremities
ConCxis(a) adj skeletal
~Zvlebi areuli disarticulated bones
ConCxs Catanebuli hqonda skeleton(s) was/
were accorded grave goods…
Cofura(ix.liToni) adj pitted,pock-marked
face
CoCori n foal
Coxa(ix.axaluxi) n Caucasian coat
Crdili(ix.naxazi,naxati) n shade,shadow
CrdilSi moqceva v deem by, obscure
~Sesvla v n immerse/immersion
Crdilo adj north(ern)
CrdiloeTi n adj north
ukiduresi ~ northernmost
CrdiloeTiT adv northwards
Crdiloeli n Norse
Crdilouri adj northern
Cubini adj Argus-eyed
Cuglugi(ix.culi) n pole-axe
Cumi adj mute
Custi n slipper
~naWris n canvas sneakers
Cuqeba v n grant,present
CuqurTma n curve,fret-work,filigree
~waSlili adj obliterated
CuqurTmiani adj carved
CuqurTmis mWreli n curver
~qvaze n lapicide
~waSala v n obliterate/obliteration
~Wra v ger curve(ing)
CuxCuxi/CuxCuxa v adj bubble/gurgle(ing)
Cqifi n pl inly tweezers
Cxaruna n trinket
~sakidi n
~ pendant
Cxvleta v pin,stab,stick
Cxiri
n stick
~liTonis
n rod
~windis
n knitting pin
Cxubi/CxubSi n v adv (in) combat,fight
~mociquli n ethereal messenger
~naTeli n
~
light
~qveS adv under the sky
~ ~ =gareT/haerze adv open air
~qveSeTi
n the world
cad adv in the heaven/sky
calsaswori steelyard
cal mxares adv at one side
cali n one, piece,record
~wyvilis n one of a pair
calke adj alone,apart,distinct,individual,isolate(d),separate,single
adv privately,separately,singly,solely
~mdgomi adj alone,free-standing,(semi)
detached
calkeuli adj desultory,individual(istic),isolated,particular,scattered,separate,
single,stray
calmxrivad adv unilaterally
calmxrivi adj one sided/track,unilateral
calpira/calfxiani adj one/single bladed
calsaswori n steelyard
caluReli(ix.jidao) n horse-collar,withers
yoke
cal-calke adv alone,apart,each by itself,separately
carieli(ix.dacla)
adj empty
carci
n chalk
carciani/carcis(ix.xana) adj chalky
~qaRaldi chalk paper,everlay
cacxvi(s) n adj lime-tree, Tilia (Lat)
cda v n attempt,effort,endeavour,strive,seek
to learn,try/trial(s),test
cdomileba
n error,misclosure
cdomilebis zRvari n margin of error,closure error
cdomili(ix.Semcdari,cTomili,codvili)
adj sb misled/mistaken
cduneba(ix.Secdena) v n entice,seduce(me
nt)seduction,tempt(ation),lead sb into
temptation,lure,allurement
cela n sing/pl Lat. cella/cellae,shrine
celva v ger mow(ing),scythe
celi n mower,scythe
cementi(s) n v adj cement
cenzi n qualification,working experience
cenzori n censor
centraluroba n centrality
centri n center,core,focus,focal point,seat
~mTavari nerve-centre of sth
~mizidulobis center of gravity
~mwarmoebluri manufacturing/producing
centre
c
ca/cis(ix.zeca,feri)
n adj sky
~kamara n firmament
~kide/kiduri n horizon
~manana n manna,little pieces of bread
221
~ramis n v the core,focus,heart
~savaWro trading post
~samyarosi n hub
centridan gadaxrili adj off-center
centriT... adj centered/centering...,focused/
focusing
centris garSemo adv center around sth
centrSi adv sth centered sth
centuria n centuria
centurioni n centurion
cerad adv obliquely,slantwise
ceremoniali n ceremonial,paraphernalia
(pl usu)
~daxvedris welcoming ceremony
~sakulto/saritualo cult practice
cereco(si)(sakmazi) n adj dill=Anethum
graveolens Lat.
cerodena(ix.cida) n dwarf,pygmy
cerusiti(s) n adj cerussite
cercvela(si) n adj sweet-pie,vetch,Vicia
sp. Lat.
~mware n adj bitter vetch=Vicia sp. Lat.
cercvi(s) n adj pea
cecxlgamZle adj fire/heat-proof
cecxlTayvaniscema/cecxlTayvanismceml
loba=mazdeanoba n fireworshipping
cecxlTayvanismcemeli=mazdeani n fireworshipper
cecxli(ix.sagzebeli,samsxverplo,saweso
n fire
~gansawmendeli adj pure(ing),purifying ~
~minavlebuli adj smouldering=smoldering
~mudmivi adj flaming urn
~saweso n pire
~Sua n hearth
~Zlieri
adj roaring fire
cecxliTa da maxviliT adv with fire and
sword
cecxlis ali/ena n flame
~gaRviveba/gaCaReba v light,make a fire
~kvali
n fire trace(s)
~taZari n fire-altar
~SenarCuneba n custody
cecxlSi damskdari adj fire-cracked
~namyofi adj sth with coating from burning
cexva v ger thresh(ing)
cvalebadi adj changeable,changing,mobile,
shifting,unstable,varying,varied
~xarisxiT adv to varying degree
cvalebadoba n fluctuation,variability,variation,
variegation,variety,wavering,wwile sway
cvara n adj granulation,granulated
~ornamenti beaded design
cvaradasmuli adj sth covered with sweet
pies
cvari=nami(ix.wveTi) n adj dew
cveTa v wear
cviliT dafarva v waxen
cvili(s) n adj (bees) wax(en)
~gamoxda v ger bleach(ing)
~gareuli futkris n adj ozocerite=
=ozokerite
~modeli n wax pattern
~modeliT Camosxma v ger cast(ing) by
wax pattern
~modelis dakargvis xerxi closed=lostwax casting/technique
~saRebavi n wax colour
cvla v n alter(ation),change,diversify/diversification,transform(ation),vary/variation
cvladi
adj varying
cvlileba n alteration,change,modification,
shifr from…to,transformation,variation
cvlilebis Jams adv while the sway
~xana
transformational era
cvlis...
v sth passes into sth
cTomili(Sdr.cdomili) n planet
ciali v n play of colours,tint
cialinuri cista n hyalid cyst
cida(ix.cerodena)
n inch=2,54 cm
=patara adj dwarf,span
civad(ix.naWedi,Wedva) adv coldly
civWedva v ger rivet(ing)
cikani n kid
cikli(ix.moicavs,sawarmoo) n cycle
cilindri n barrel, cylinder
cilindruli/dabal ~ adj cylindric(al),low
cylinder
ciloba v n rival(ry)
cincxali adj brand new
circeli(s) n adj cranberry, Vaccinium ssp.
Lat.
cis adj celestial,heavenly
~qveS adv open to the elements
cisartyela/cisartyelis n adj rainbow
cisTvala(si) n adj bluebell, Scilla gen.Lat.
ciskari(ix.locva) n dawn,sunrise
cista(ix.samarxi) n cist-grave
cisferyanwelebi n pl usu. (society of poets and writers in the 1920s) Blue Horn
citadeli n citadel, arx/arcis ( sing/pl Lat)
citata n citation,excert,quote/quotation
citatis gamoyeneba/motana v cite, quote
ciuri adj astral,celestial,heavenly,stellar
222
~sxeuli n pl celestial body
~sxeulebis ganlageba alignment of celestia bodies
cifri(s) n adj figure,number
~datana naxazze v transfer a figure
ciyvi(ix.kverna) n squirrel
~zoliani chipmunk-Tamias gen Lat.
cicabo n adj precipitous,steep(ness),vertical
~ferdobi n hillside
~Casasvleli rapid descent
cicxvi n deeper,scoop
cixe/cixis n adj castle,citadel,jail,prison,
enceinte,castellum/casteli (n sing/pl Lat)
~bunebrivi natural fortress
~kedlis Ziridan damreci damcveli kedeli n stone glacis
~koSki mTaze n hillfort
~mdebareobs mTaze v fortress sits atop hill
~saSiSi n awesome fortress/fortificatio
~simagre
n bastion,castellum,citadel,fort
(ress),fortification,stronghold
~ ~ TxriliT n redout ?
~ ~ saTofurebiTa da qongurebiT
embattled citadel/stronghold
~simagreSi sapatimro n cassemate
~qalaqi n citadel,stockaded town
Sida ~ n sing/pl Lat. acropol/acropolies
=cxovreba n pl usu. bonds
cixeze Semowyoba v n enclose,siege,surround
cixidan gaTavisufleba v release
cixioni n garrison
cixis alya(ix.sakani,cixe) n v siege
~aReba=jobna=damarcxeba v take over
~galavani n fortress wall,walling
~ ~ koSkidan koSkamde n curtain wall
~koSki
n turret
~qonguri n merlon
Sverili ~ kedelze n orillion
cixoriumi(s)(mc.cikori) n adj cichorium
cneba n conception
cno=aRiaro v acknowledge
~vinme/rame ramed v recognize sb/sth as sb/
sth
=icno
v n recognize/recognition
cnoba v n acknowledge(ment),evidence,information,record
~araorazrovani adj unambiguous
=aRiareba v n recognize/recognition
~aSkara clear/firsthand evidence
~werilobiTi n v record
=wyaro n informarion.source
~Zalian bevri/zRva wealth of information
cnobadi adj cognizable,identifiable
cnobari n handbook,reference
~anbanze n directory
~mokle n shorthand manual
cnobebi n pl infirmities
~mwiri/wyvetili sketchy information
cnobili adj apparent,familiar,knowledgable,(well)known,notable,notorious,renowned
~adamiani n prominent,timehonoured
nakleb ~ poorly known
=saxelganTqmuli adj renowne
~xerxi n the known means
cobola n bung
codva n heresy,imperfection,sin stigma/stigmatis(n sing/pl Lat),vice
~momakvdinebeli n mortal sin
=nakli n vice
~sapatiebeli venial sin
codvaSi Cavardna v fall into heresy
codvili adj lost,sinful,stray; sinner (n)
codvis gamosyidva v n atone(ment),expiate
~patieba v absolve
~upatiebloba=dagmoba v condemn
~Sendoba v n be absolved in/of sin
~Cadena v commit a sin, sin
codna v n awarwness,be familiar with sth,familiarity with(certain)aspects of..,experience,intelligence,know(ing)(ledge),scholarship
codnis salaro n wellof knowledge
~taZari n shrine of ~
cokoli n footing,plinth, socle,substructure
=paneli n dado
coli n wife
~uncrosi n concubine
col-qmari n married couple
col-qmroba n matrimony,wedlock
col-qmruli adj matrimonial
comi(s)(ix.Tixis,minis) n adj dough,pastry
cocxa(si) n adj teff, Eragrostis abyssinca
Lat.
cocxali adj (a)live,animated,in flesh,living,
palpable,vibrant,vital
cocxana(si)(mc) n adj Lat.Verbena officinalis
cocxi n broom
cra v sieve
cremli n tear
cremlisebri adj drop-like
cru adj false,pseudo,quasi,specious
~morwmune adj superstitious
223
~rwmenan prejudice,popular belief,superstition
~Cveneba(ficis miuxedavad) n perjury
cudad(ix.uxarisxod) adv badly,poorly
~daculi adj sth in a very poor state
cul-samkauli n axe-pendant
~CaquCi/uro n axe-hammer
~weraqvi n mattock
culi(ix.sekira,qarCi,Ceglugi)n axe,wedge
~amorZaluri n pole-axe
~bolofrTiani n end-winged axe
~brtyeli n flat ~
~didi=mokletariani n hatchet
~egvipturi=axloaRmosavluri n anchor
axe,Near Eastern scallop axe
~mxrebiani n shouldered ~
~ormagi
n double ~
~oryura=satare xvreliT n socketed ~
~sabrZolo n battle ~
~solisebri n shoe-last celt ~
~frTiani=qarCi n winged ~
~qvargvalis n chopper
~qvis pirTxeli n ground axe
~yuadaqanebuli/daSvebuli n lop-eared ~
~yuakveriani n axe-sledge
~yuamiliani n socket-eared axe
~Ruzisebri(ix.egvipturi) n anchor ~
~Sverilebiani n trunion ~
~welSi gamoyvanili n an axe with interseption
~wiboiani n flanged axe
~xelculi n handaxe
culiT gamokveTili adj linrd with cobble
~moWra v chop with axe
culis dasamagrebeli Wrili n notch
~mili n socket
~piri
n cutting edge
~satare n haft,shaft-hole
~frTa n wing
~qusli/weli n stop-ridge
~yua n butt
~ ~ CaquCisebri n hammer butt
~Sverili n trunion
~wibo n flange
~warmoeba n axe manufacture
curvili adj plated
cxadi adj n licid(ity)
cxavi n screen,sifter,sieve
cxare adj burning,hot
~brZola/kamaTi adj tough
=cxoveli adj (most) intence,lively,heated
cxauri n lattice-work
cxedari n corpse
cxenTevza n sea-horse
cxenkaci=kentavri n sing/pl Lat. Centaurus/
Centauri
cxensaSeni
n stud farm
cxenebis Secvla v relay
cxenze mjdomi ride,(riding) upon back
~Sejdoma v mount in horseback
cxeni n horse,onagri=Equus anager
~ajilRa=faSati not emasculated ~
mare,vaulting ~
~bedauri/hune n fast/racer ~
~gauxednavi n unbroken ~
~gerge n a young ~
~gverdiTi n outrunner ~
~doRis n racer
~Tafla n (dark) brown ~
~iabo=taiWi n gelding ~
~lafSa n jade ~
~sabrZolo n cavalry(troop,war) ~
~samgzavro n saddle ~
~saspalne n pack ~
~ubelo
n bare-back ~
~ulayi n stallion
~fornis n dry-horse
~frTosani n Pegass,winged ~
~yalyze adj rear(ed) ~
~Sekazmuli adj harnessed/saddled ~
~Sesabmeli adj draught/wheeler ~
~Sua
adj draught ~
~calrqa n unicorn
~cxensaSenis n stud ~
~wabla n bay ~
~wminda sisxliani n thoroughbred ~
~Waki n mare ~
~xelniT adj shaft(thiller,wheeler) ~
~jiSiani adj pure-bred ~
cxenis alagmva(ix.unagiri) v bridle
~asali
n horse-cloth
~aRviri n bit,bridle
~ ~ lagmiani n bit,curb
~ ~ ulagmo
n shaffle(bit)
~avJandi n srirrup
~avSara
n halter
~balaxi(mcenare) n adj honey suckle
~gadasafarebeli n caparison
~gamxednavi n horse master
~daWedva v heel,nail up,shoe
~Tvalsafari n pl usu. blinkers
~kbila(makerbia/wamala)ZaRlniora=
ZaZa(mcenare) n adj pigeon‟s milk
~lagami n bitwear,(bitted) bridle,gear,mouth piece
224
~
~
misaSvebi saybeurebiT n bit with
let in shaffles
~ ~ 2-3 nawiliani n two/three link bit
~lagmis nawili n canon,one or two canon,bit
~ ~ tuCqveSa jaWvi n curb
~mosarTavebi n gear,harness,horse attachments(furniture,trappings)
~mosarTavis fgoli/maryuJi n larret
~mundStuki n horse bit,mouthpiece
~navardi n v gallop
~nali
n shoe
~nalis lursmani n horse nail
~sabmuri n tather
~sadave(ebi) n halter,reins (pl only)
~sadavis rgoli n rein-ring
~savarcxeli n horse-comb
~samkerduli n belly/breast band,saddlegirth
~saybeuri(ix.qalis) n cheek-piece,shafle
(s)
~saZue n breech-band,crupper,rump
~uzangi n stirrup
~unagiri(ix.unagiri) n saddle
~ ~ qalis side ~
~ ~ ostati=saraji n harness maker,
saddler
~uReli n horse-collar,withers yoke
~fafari n mane
~qedi/qeCo n withers
~qurdi n horse-stealer
~qurdoba n horse-stealing
~Sekazmva v harness
~wabla(si) n adj horse-chestnut,Aesculus
hippocastanum (Lat)
~wamala(si)=kbila(si) n adj pigeon‟s milk
cxenisebrni n equid
cxenosani n horseman/woman,mounted
~gvardia n Horse Guards
~
~
Royal Horse Guard
~da fexosani jari n horse and foot
~meomari cavalry/horse soldier,mounted
worrior
~msubuqi jari n light horse
~tomi n horse-riding tribe
~RmerTebi n pl rider-gods
cxenosnis Sarvali n riding breeches
~Ceqma n ~ boots
cxenosnoba n horseback riding
cxenSebmuli adj horse-drown
cxvar-Zroxa n cattle,drove
cxvari(ix.koWebi,makrateli) n sheep
~gareuli n moufflon ~=Ovis musimon Lat.
~dakarguli n lost ~
~dedali=nerbi n ewe
~dumiani n fatty-tailed=steatopygous sheep
~verZi n rum
~ ~ dakodili n wether
~make n ewe in yearn
~wiTeli n red sheep=Ovis orientalis
cxvirsafari n nose-cover
cxvirwamaxuli adj sharp-nosed,sharpened
nose
cxviri(ix.gemis,navis) n nose
~arwiviseburi n hooked ~
~kexiani n aquiline ~
cxviris kexi/fuZe(ix.xaris) n bridge of
the ~
cxvirismieri adj nasal
cximi/cximiani(ix.qoni) n adj fat(y)
cxlad(ix.naWedi) adv hotly
cxovel...…suff. animal..,animated,beast,life..,
living…
~frinvelTan seqsi n bestiality
cxovelmyofeli adj life giving
cxovelmyofloba n firmness,stability
cxovelsaxe adj zoomorphic
cxovel-Citi n bird-like animal
cxovelTa n pl animals‟
~batoni n ruler of the beasts
~eposi
n bestiary
~mfarveli n master/mistress of animals
~qorwineba n belling(rutling,pairing) season/time
~Sewirva v (mortuary) animal sacrifices
cxoveli suf. adj n animal,beast,bestia/bestiae(n sing/pl Lat), life,living
~aburZgnuli/ajagruli adj disheveled
~balaxismWameli adj herbivore animal
~gamwevi adj pack/traction ~
~ ~ wyvili adj paired draught
~gareuli adj wild animal
~enagadmogdebuli n tongue hanging out
~make animal in yarn
~mebrZoli/moCxubari adj fighting ~
~morqenali adj butter
~mtacebeli adj bloodthirsty ~ ; predator,
raptor
~ ~ xorcis mWameli n carnivore
~mcoxneli adj ruminant ~
~mwolare adj recumbent ~
~saSineli adj creature, monstrous ~
~tvirTmzidi adj pack ~
~ukana fexebze mdgari adj prance(d),
225
rampart
~Sxamiani n tount(ing)
~cocxali adj (a)live
wyaro ~ n life-spring
~wyvilCliqiani/Cliqiani n ortiodactyl
~xmeleTis(adamianic) n terrestial
cxovelis bewvi(s) n adj fur
~muceli n belly
~mZori/leSi n carcass
~ulvaSi n pl usu. wiskers
~saxis/formis in the shape of animal(s)
~qedi/qeCo n withers
~Sewirva v animal sacrifice
~wina nawili n forepart.protome
~ ~ fexebi fore legs
~ukana ~
hind ~
cxoveluri adj animal(istic)
~naSTebi n pl faunal remains
cxovreba(ix.miRvaweoba,CarTva,cixe) v n
adj activity,affairs,dwell,lifespan/time,
habitate/habitation,house(ing),life,
reside,resident
binadrul cxovrebaze gadasvla v
sag=subside=sink
~binadruli adj settled life
~damjdari adj n established(settled,village),sedentary ~,sedentism
~veluri n wildlife
~vinmesi n biography,life story,in the
footsteps of sb
~zRvarze adv live on the edge
~karCaketili adj secluded/unsociable life
~maradiuli adj eternal/everlasting ~,
time~
~miwieri adj worldly ~
~momTabare adj non-sedentary
~mSvidobiani adj live at piece (with sb)
~religiuri adj contemplative/religious ~
~saero adj secular/worldly ~
~sameurneo adj economic ~
~saqalaqo adj urban ~
~soflad/qalaqad adv village/city ~
~sulieri adj
intellectual.spiritual ~
~wmindanTa n life stories of saints
cxovrebaSi adv in sb's life,lifetime,time-life
~gatareba v n embody(ment)
cxovrebis ganaxleba v resume life
~kvali n evidence/mark of human occupation
~mizani n reason for living
~saxsari n livelihood
~ferxulSi adv in vital context
~Sewyveta v cease life
~waxnagebi n pl facets of life
~wesi n lifestyle(paradigms),residence rule,rules(styles,ways)of life,subsistance pattern
~xangrZlivoba n lifespan
cxovrebiseuli adj worldly
cxoneba v n save,eternal salvation
cxonebuli adj Blessed
cxratyava(si)(mc) n adj honeysuckle,Lonicera gen. Lat.
cxrili n networks,table
~monacemTa n data sheet
Z
Zabri n funnel
Zabrisebri adj crater-shaped
Zal-Rone n effort,force
Zala(ix.Zalis) n force,magnitude,might,power,strength
~gamwevi n pulling/traction power
~damcavi adj protective power(s)
~Tanabrad moqmedi diagonal thrust
Tilismis ~ talismanic power
~mamoZravebeli n driving force
~samuSao n labour force
~samxedro n force(s)
~uxilavi/faruli adj hidden ~
~SemoqmedebiTi adj creative power
~warmmarTveli n determining force
Zalagamoclili adj prostrated
Zaladoba(ix.moZaleba) v n dominate/domination,sway,violete/violence
Zaladobrivi adj violent
Zalaufleba(ix.samefo) n authority,might,
power
~usazRvro/SeuzRudavi n exuberant ~
ZalauflebiT aRWurva v invest authority
Zalauflebis aRiareba v assert one‟s power
~gavrcoba v display/extend rule
~ganxorcieleba v exercise of power
~zenitSi n in plantitude of sb‟s ~
~mitaceba v seize power
~mopoveba v gain power
~ ~ vinmeze v n (maintain) control
~mwvervalze adv at the height of one‟s power
~niSani n statement of ~
~siWarbe n exuberance of ~
~qona v power lay in the hands of sb
ZalauflebisTvis brZola v jostle for position
226
ZalaSi Sesvla v come into force,constitute
Zaldautaneblad adv easily
Zalebi aramiwieri n pl powers not of this
world
~reproduqciuli n pl reproductive powers
Zalze adv badly,crucially,closely,deeply,dramatically,extreme(ly),greatly,heavily,higly,immensely,increasingly,overwhelming
ly,particularly,severely,very,violently,utmost
~bevri adj outnumbering
~Sori adj extremes
Zalian adv absolutely,extremely,highly,intrinsically,specially,very(much)
~bevri adj outnumbering
ZaliT(ix.iZulebiT) adv by forse
mTeli ~ adv with ferver
Zalis aRdgena v regain strength,revive
~gmovlineba v tour de force Fr.
~gamocda v n emasculate/emasculation,pro
strate/prostration
mamoZravebeli ~ mopoveba v gain momentum
~micema(gamxneveba/Semateba) v n encourage(ment)
~mokreba v gather strength,mature
~mqone adj mighty,strong,valid
~simtkice n energy density
~Semateba v n add, encourage(ment)
Zalismieri adj forceful,violent
Zalisxmeva n v effort(s),endeavour,invest
(ment)(of) energy,strive for sth
Zara(ix.CarCo) n box,superstructure
ZarRvi(ani) n adj vein(ed)
~gaSiSvlebuli(madnis) outcropping vein
ZarRvuli(ix.sabado) adj vein
Zarcva v forge,pillage,plunder,prey,rob
~gaumaZRari n rapacious plunder(ing)
~dapyrobilis v sack
Zafi(s)(ix.Razli) n adj filament,string
~gaormagebuli adj intertwisted
~gorgali n skein
~Sulo n hank
Zafsagrexi dazga n spinning wheel
ZaRlis ena=ukadrisa(mc) n adj dog‟s/
hound‟s tongue
ZaRlisqinZa(si)=gvirila/gvirilis n adj
comomile
~gzispira n adj cloveleaf=Matricaria Lat
~mindvris n adj ox-eye daisy
~samkurnalo n adj Arctic comomile
ZaRliskbila(si)(mc) n adj adder‟s/spear
tongue
ZaRlis ena/enis(mcenare)=ukadrisa(si) n
adj dog‟s/hound‟s tongue
~pilwa(si)(mc) n adj Album graecum Lat.
~pitna/pitnis n adj deadly nightshade
ZaRlmayvala(si) n adj bramble,European
blackberry
ZaRlniora=cxeniskbila=ZaZa(mcenare) n
adj pigeon‟s milk
ZaRlyurZena(si) n adj Lat.Solanum nigrum
Lat,cow(fox/lingon)berry,red bilberry, red
whortleberry=Vaccinium vitis idaea Lat.
ZaZa(ix.ZaRlniora) n adj pigeon‟s milk
ZaZa/ZaZis balnis
n adj hair-cloth/shirt
~tomris n adj sackcloth
ZaZebi=Savebi n pl usu. mourning,be in ~
Zaxveli(s) n adj guelder-rose, Viburnum
opulus Lat.
~TeTri n adj snowball tree,wintorthur,
Viburnum nodum Lat.
Zgide n bulkhead,cross piece,dam,tie plate
Zebna v ger n delve(ing),detect(look,seek,search)(ing) for,hunt,navigate,pursue/pursuit,quest for,sound(ing)
Zegl(eb)ze(ve) adv in/on site(s),onsite
~aRmoCnda(ix.samuSao)the site provided sth
~dadasturda sth has been deposited on
the site
~mTavari adgili n central focus of the ~
~napovnia deposited on the site,originate(d)
site,originate(d)
~yvelaze Zveli adgili n vintage point
Zeglebi(s) n pl monuments, sites
~warsulis the record(s) of the past
~moxilva v n visit(ation)
ZeglTa dacva v n protect(ion)
~dacvis sammarTvelo (former) Main Directorate for Protecting Historical Monuments(later devided into two centres: 1Georgia Chubinashvili National Research Centre for Georgian Art History and
and Reservation. 2-National Agency for
Protection of Cultural Heritage
Zegli n monument site
~adgilis mixedviT(mTavari/ZiriTadi) n
eponymous site
~arqeologiuri n area,site
~gamarjvebis n victory monument
~ganmsazRvreli,mTavari adj key site
~dauzianebeli adj undisturbed ~
~daculi adj protected ~
~
~
velze adj sheltered ~
~iTxreba v is currently under excavation
~mezobeli n nearby ~
227
~mowyvladi n vulnerable ~
~rTuli adj complicated ~
~sanmuSo/tipiuri adj type ~
~umniSvnelovanesi adj crusial ~
~uZravi adj immuvable/standing ~ , monument
~Ria n open-air site
~Seiswavleba v is intensively examined
~Seiqmna v caary off
~wamyvani/ZiriTadi adj key/pilot site
~werilobiTi n record(s)
Zeglis aRmarTva v set up
~aRwera v ger record(ing)
~gadarCena v n save, salvage
~gavrcelebis farTobi extent of the site
~gaTxra/gamTxreli v n excavate/site
excavator
~gaTxris strategia n onsite strategy of
excavations
~gaxsna v unveil the monument
~ ~ velze v uncover,unearth,unseal
~ ~ xelaxla v ger re-open(ing)
~dacva v n preserve/preservation,protect
(ion)
~ ~ velze v ger shelter(ing)
~ ~ sacavSi v ger keep(ing) safe
~Sesaferisi kvleva v site-specific explora
tion
~Sida nawili n intersite=intrasite part
~centri n central focus of the site
Zeglisdeba/Zegliswera n code,collection
of laws,edict,decree
ZelebiT amogebuli(ix.galavani,saxuravi)
adj sth lined with logs,tinber framing
of logs
Zeli(s) n adj beam,log,purlin,tie-beam,timber
~gadabmis bridging joist,collar-beam,small
beam
~ganivi n cross/grating beam,stringer
~Tarazuli/mTavari n purlin
~mokle small beam
~romelsac eyrdnoba Senobis mTeli sa
xuravi=Tarazuli=mTavari ~ n purlin
~Casobili n stake
~cxoveli n Life Pillar
~wvrili n scantling
Zelmiwuri(s)(ix.saxuravi) n adj earth
and timber pile building
Zeluri(ix.biliki) adj timber
Zelfenili(ix.gza) n girder cover
~razec iataki igeba n bearing joist
~CarCo,romelzec ageben ficris iataks
floor bearing/bridging joist
Zelqva/Zelqvis n adj sycamore
Zel-yore/yoris n adj crib-work
ZenZ-foCebi n pl frayed edges
ZenZeruki n sing/pl Lat. ibis/ibides=ibis
ZenZi(s) n adj waste
Zera n kite,vulture
Zerwva(ix.Carxi) v ger model(ing),pot,sculpture
~lenturi n coil method to build a pot,modeling with clay bands
~tlanqi adj handmade,modeled by hands,
offhand
Zerwvis tradicia n potting tradition
ZeZvi(s) n adj blackthorn=buckthorn
Zewkvi(s)
n adj chain
Zewna=tirifi n willow,with
Zewnis
adj withy
Zvalze kveTa
v (bone) curve(ing)
ZvalTmcodne(oba) n osteologist,osteology
Zvali(ix.Zvlis,xerxemali) n bone
~barZayis n thighbone,femur/femora (Lat)
~beWis n shoulder blade,scapula/scapulae
~boqvenis n pubic/share bone
~gavis=jvriseburi n sacral ~
~enisqveSa n hyoid/lingual ~
~Tavis qala(s) n skull ~ ; cranium/crania
~ ~
~ firfita n table ~
~ ~
~ Zvali n pariental ~
~TeZosi n flank ~
~TiTis n finger ~
~Txemis n pariental/sinciputal ~
~ ~ da Sublis n calvaria,frontal bones
and parientals
~idayvis n cubit,funny bone,ulna/ulnae
~kefis n occipital ~
~kvadratuli n quadrate ~
~kviristavis n kneecap,patella/patellae
~kiduris(ix. kiduri) limb ~
~kisris I mala n atlas
~ ~
II mala ~
n axis
~koWis(adamianis) n ankle ~
~ ~ (cxovelis) n astragalus/astragali
~kubisebri n cube-shaped ~
~kudusunis n coccyx
~laviwis n collar ~ ; clavicle
~loyis n cheek/zygomatic ~
~lulovani n hollow ~
~majis n wrist ~
~menjis n pelvic ~
~ ~ ToToeuli n sing/pl ischium/ischia
~mkerdis n breast ~
228
~mtevnis=nebis n (meta)capral ~ (s)
~muxlis n knee ~
~mcire menjis n sing/pl .fibula/fibulae
~mxris n sing/pl . humerus/humeri
~wina ~ n forearm ~
~navisebri n crescent ~
~neknebi yvela n ribcage
~nekni n castal bone,rib
~safeTqlis n temporal ~
~saxis n face ~
~solisebri n cuniform=cuneiform ~;
lateral (sphenoid, wedge-shaped) ~
~sxivis n sing/pl Lat. radius/radii
~tabuxis n hesd.top of femur/femora
~terfis n foot ~ ; metatarsus/metatarsi
~wina ~ n (meta) tarsal ~
~falangis n phalange ~
~fexis=qv.kiduris n leg ~
~quslis n tarsal ~
~ybis(saxisa da qalas SemaerTebeli)
n yoke ~
~ ~ zeda n upper jaw ~
~ ~ qveda n lower ~ ~ ; mandible
~yuris n stirrup,stapes/stapedes
~Sublis n frontal ~
~ Zvlis Rru n frontal sinuce
~cxviris n nasal/nose ~; vomer
~ZiriTadi=naxevarmTvarisebri n semilunar ~
~wvivis didi n shinbone,tibia/tibiae
~ ~
mcire n sing/pl fibula/fibulae
~jvriseburi=gavis n sacral ~
ZvalSesalagi n burial,ossuary,shrine
Zvelad adv formerly,in ancient/old times,
in antiquity
=Zvel droSi adv in former/olden days
Zveleburad adv in timehonoured way
Zveleburi adj ancient,antique,old(fashioned)
timehonoured
ZvelTagan adv from the earlies times
ZvelTaganve
adv anciently
ZvelTaZveli adj inveterate
Zveli(ix.xalxi) adj ancient,old,proper
Zalian ~ adj Age-old,lapidated,old
ancient
Zvelmoduri adj anriquated,old-fashioned,outmoded,vintage
ZvelisZveli adj ancient, Age-old
ZviradRirebuli adj costly,expensive,highly priced
Zvirfaseuloba n items of value,jewelery,
valuables
Zvirfasiadj dear,dearlyloved,precious,sacred
~qvis mkveTeli n lapidary
~SenaZeni n booty
Zvliani=Zvlovani(ix.sacavi) adj bony,osteon
~masala n bone object(s)
Zvlis
adj (in) bone
~kveTa v bone carving/cutting
~mkveTeli/sakveTi n bone cutter
~morCi n apophysis
~namsxvrevebi n pl bone-splits
~simkvrive n bone density
~tvini(s) n adj marrow
Zvlissazrdela n periosteum
Zvrebi n pl usu. changes
~politikuri n pl usu. upheaval
Zieba(ix.Zebna) v search(ing) to find sth
Ziebani
n pl usu. researches,surveyes
=gamocema=Jurnali n Studies (eg in
History)
Zira(si)=koWa(si) n adj caraway
Zireulad adv drastically,essentially,in essentail way,fundamentally,principally
Zireuli adj drastic,essential,fundamental,
principal
ZirTeTra(si)n adj parsnip=Pastinaka savita
Ziri(ix.Wrilis) n base(ment),bottom,foundation,underside
Ziriani adj based
ZiriTadad adv basically,chiefly,essentially,
fundamentally,largerly,mainly,in main,
mostly,primarily,principally
ZiriTadi adj basic,entire,fundamental,key,
main,primary,principal,proper,staple
Ziris gamoTxra/gamorecxva v undercut/
mine
Zirtkbila(si)
n adj golden-locks
Zirfesvianad
adv to foundation
~SeZra shake to ~
ZirSive adv fundamentally,inherently
ZirZveli adj indigeneous,original, sth of
long standing,timehonoured
Zleva v conquer,defeat,win a victory
ZlevaÁ v n (gain the) victory
~sakvirveli n marvelous victory
Zlevamosileba/Zliereba n powerfulness
Zlevamosili adj potrnt(ial),powerful,triumphant,victorious
Zlier adv badly,bitterly,enormously,extensively,heavily,highly,sharply,strongly,violently
Zlieri adj extensive,powerful,strong,vigorous,tense
229
Zlierni ama qveynisani those in power
Zmadnafici/Zmadnaficoba n sworn brother
(hood)
ZmaTa omi n internecine war
Zmerxli=Tagvisara n adj butcher‟s/sweet
Broom,box/kneehole,Ruscus Aculeatus=
Ruscus aculeateus angustifolia Lat.
Zmoba n brotherhood,fraternity
Zmuri
adj brotherly
Zna/Znis
n adj sheaf
Znelbedoba n pl usu. hardships
Zneldnobadi adj refractory
Znelad adv hardly,scarcely,with difficulty
Zoveba v graze,pasture,tend
ZonZ(eb)i n pl usu. rag(s)
Zoweuli(ix.porfiri) n purple mantle
Zowi(s)(ix.feri)
n adj almandinite,garnet
Zu n adj female
Zua/Zuis
n adj horsehair
Zunwad adv modest(ly)
Zunwi adj humble,mean,miser,greedy
ZuZu n breast,teat
~cxovelis n gland
ZuZumte n foster brother/sister
ZuZumwovari
n adj mammal
~Canasaxi n embrio
ZuZusebri(ix.kopi) adj mamiform
ZRveni n gift,offering,present
~SeiZleba v readable
walekva v inundate,wash across
walo n alcove,bay,niche,recess
wamali/wamlis(ix.fiTxi) n adj medicine,
remedium,remedy
~momzadebis wesi n sing/pl Lat. Codex/
Codices
~galesva v ger grind(ing)
~gasalesi qva n stone slab
~yuTi n medical case
~Seyvana v convey
wamaxuli adj carinate(point,sharpen,taper)
(ed),well-defined
wameba(ix.jvarze) v n bring sb to trial,martyrize,torment,torture
=iwamo v believe
wamebuli n martyr
wamlekavi adj sweeping
wamodgoma v arise,get/stand up
wamomarTva v n emerge(nce)
wamomwyebi n initiator,originator,ring leader
wamosacmeli n cover,terminal mounting
wamosasxami
n cloack,mantle
wamoyeneba/wamoWra/wamoweva v advance
~Tezis v put forward
~xelaxla v reassert
wamocma v cover with,move over,put on,superimpose
wamoweva=daweva v catch up
wamowolili adj reclining
wamowyeba v n begin,commence(ment),enterprise,give start to sth,initiate,promoote(ion),undertake
wamtvreva v chip,crack
wamyvani adj chief,leading,top(eg scholar)
wanazardi n node,nodule,offshoot,outgrowth
wanwala(Waobze gadasasvleli) n side
walk pavement
warafi n coppice(ing),grove,spring wood
warbzeda adj superciliary
warbi(s) n adj brow
~nivTis/sagnis n fold,groove,rabbet,slot,
sima/simae (n sing/pl Lat)
~rkali n brow ridge
warTmeva(ix.wahgvaro) v deprive,take away
warmavali adj fugitive,temporal,transient
warmavaloba
n temporality
warmarTad moqceva
v n paganize(ation)
warmarTi n headen,infidel,ignorant,pagan,
warmarToba n heathenism,pagandom,paganism
warmarTuli adj heathenish,pagan(ized)
w
wabaZva v n imitate/imitation
wabilwva(ix.garyvna,waryvna) v n carnalize(ation),defile(ment),paganize(ation),
profane,profaniety
wabilwuli adj carnalize(defile,paganize)(d)
wabli(s)(xe)
n adj chestnut(tree)
cxenis ~ n adj horse ~
wagoreba
v ger roll(ing)
wagrexa
v ger wind(ing)
wagrZeleba v n alongate/alongation,extend,
oblong (Fr),stretch
wagrZelebuli adj alongated,long,oblong
(Fr)
wavi n (marsh)otter, mink
wakveTa v cutaway,cut rut,truncate
wakveTil-bikonusuri adj truncated-biconical
wakveTili adj cutaway,raked,truncated
wakiTxva v ger read(ing)
~araswori v misread
~leqsis
v recite
~sxvagvari v n edit(ion),interpret(ation),
resense/resension
230
~religia n superstition
~sakurTxeveli/samlocvelo
=sadauroba (eg Georgian) pedigree,sb of
(Georgian liniage/origin),descet/origin
= ~ gaurkveveli sb/sth of questionable origin
~saerTo cognate origin/significance, roots
(pl usu)
~savaraudo n alleged liniage of sb
~socialuri sb‟s social background
~sxvadasxva sth of different origin
~ucnobi sth of undescribed nature
=wyaro n pl usu. the origins,provenance of
warmomavlobis adj eg. Georgian-born
~dadastureba v attest roots
~dadgena v plot
~mixedviT adv on the pedigree of…
warmomdgari adj sth based on N prototype
warmomSobi adj n originative,originator
warmonaqmni
n body
warmosadgeni adj thinkable
warmosadegi adj stately
warmoqmna v n emerge(nce),originate/origination,form(ation),rise
warmoSva v give birth/rise to sth, provide
warmoSoba v n begin to emerge,birth,derive,
(spring,stem) sth from sth,origin(ate)sth,
occur(ance)
warmoSobili adj based,derived,originated,
produced
~raRacisgan sth stemmed from sth
~sadRac adj generated at/in
warmoSobiT(ix.warmomavloba) adj sb of
N (eg Georgian) origin,Georgian by discent,sb comes/hailes from (any country)
warmoSobs v arises,causes,constitutes,provokes,sth gives birth(rise,way) to sth,
derives,generates
~viRacisgan v descend from…
~nayofierebas v stems fecundity
~raRacisgan v descend/stemmed from…
=qmnis v promotes sth
warmoCena v bring to light,come to the fore,demonstrate,display,loom before sb,
expose,highlight,introduce,manifest,provide,render,reveal,unveil,yield
warmoCenili adj brought to the light,demonstrate(display,render,reveal(ed),shown
exposed,highlighted,introduced,loomed,
manifested,provided,unveiled,yielded
warmtaci adj delightful
warsuli n adj anciency/ancient,antiquity,gone,past,yesteryear
~uSoresi adj yore
~Rrma
extreme antiquity
n pagan
sanctuary
~samsxverplo n sacrifial altar
~taZari n oracle, temple
warmateba n advance,prosper(ity),success
warmatebis miRweva v prosper,succeed
~mwvervalze adv be at the height of one‟s
fame
warmatebuli adj blooming,prospering,prosperous,success(full),thriving
warmodgenebi(ix,rwmena) n imagery
warmoeba n v industry,manufacture,process
(ing)(ion),produce/production
~masobrivi n mass-production
~momgebiani n expedient
~sakvebis n food production
~saqmis v administrate,conduct
~Canasaxovani n fledging industry
~winareindustriuli n pre-ndustrial
~xelosnobis nawrmisv manufacture goods
~xelosnuri n craft industry/production
warmoebaSi damkvidrebuli adj sth (is)
dominant in production/manufacture
warmoebis adgili n place of production
~gamarTva v set up
~gaZRola v run
~kvdoma v decrease of production
~meTodi n method of manufacture
~teqnologia n manufacturing technology
~forma/wesi n mode of production
~centri n centreof/for production,production centre,seat of manufacture/production,factory site
~winare warmoeba n pre-industry/industrial
warmoebuli adj derived/derivative,manufactured, produced
~masobrivad adv mass-produced
warmoTqma v sound out words
warmomavloba n ancestry,background,identity,liniage,original significance,the origins
of sth,roots,provenance
~adreuli sth of early origin
~gansxvavebuli sth of diverse origin
~daudgeneli sth of uncertain/not well documented origin
~erovnuli n ethnicity
~Tavdapirveli original significance
~keTilSobili sb of noblr birth
~mdabio=araaristokratiuli
sb from
humble position
~ramisgan derived/derivation from sty
231
~Soreuli deep prehistory,distant past
warsulis gadmonaSTi n a survival of times
past
~Zeglebi records of the past
warsulSi Cakarguli adj lost in the dark
abysm of time
waruvali adj timeless
waruSleli
adj indelible
~STabeWdileba ~ impression
warRvna v n (water) flood
~bibliuri n the Deluge
waryvna v defile,paganize
warCinebuli n adj aristocrat,high rank(ing)
individual,noble(man/woman)
warCinebulni(ix.eklesiis,karis) n pl usu.
elite,nobles,the nobility
warwera(ix.damwerloba)n v adj inscription,
inscribe(d) with,label,script,text,writing
~anbanuri alphabetic inscription
~asomTavruli adj majuscule ~ (termini
(mogvawoda akad. z. aleqsiZem 2012 w)
=dawera v inscribe, write
~damTariRebeli adj dating inscription
~kldeze n rock ~, inscribed rock
~lapidaruli adj lapidaries ~
~maRalfardovani adj highflown ~
~miZRvnis/naCuqrobis adj dedicatory ~
~mosaxsenebeli adj prayer ~
~nusxa-xucuri=nusxuri(mrgvlovani
da kuTxovani) minuscule ~ (termini
mogvawoda akad. z. aleqsiZem 2012 w)
~orenovani
adj bilingual ~
~samaxsovro adj commemorative ~
~samkauli adj decorative.ornamental ~
~samSeneblo adj building ~
~saxotbo adj eulogistic ~
~freskuli adj fresco ~
~qvaze n stone-written ~
~qtitoris adj donator‟s,ktitor's ~
~Rerbze n motto
~Zeglze n monumental writing
~waSla
v efface
~waSlili adj effaced,obliterated inscrip
tion
~wertilovani adj dotted/pointilee ~
warweriani
adj inscribed
=warweriT adj sth bearing an inscription
warweris amokveTa(ix.datana) v inscribe
~mqone adj sth bearing an inscription
~waSla v efface
warxdoma v breathe one's last
wasma v apply
watexa v chip,crack
wauSlelad(ix.melani) adv indelibly
warTmeva v take sth away from sb
warTmeulis dabruneba v n revert,reversion
waqceva v fell down
waqceuli(ix.damarcxebuli)adj fallen down
waRma adj adv right (side)
waSla v delete,erase,obliterate
waSlili adj deleted,erased,obliterated
waZRola vinmesi
give access to…
wawera(ix.warwera) v inscribe
~Zvel nawerze v inscribe on top of (earlier
inscription/text)
wawveteba v ger sharpen(ing)
wawvetebuli adj sharpened,spired
wawydoma v n come across,encounter again
waxnagi n facet
wahgvaro=waarTva v n disallow(ance)
wberi n press
webo/dawebeba n v glue,gum
webovaneba n stickness,viscosity
webovani adj adhesive,sticky,tough,viscous
welamde adv up to the waist
welvadi adj lengthening,streachy
welze Semosaxvevi naWeri n lion-cloth
welTaRricxva(ix.qronologia) n chronology
weli
n waist
weli(wadi) n year
~wels cvlida v N year turned to M…
weliwadSi erTxel adv once a year,per
year,yearly
weliwdeuli adj annual,yearly
welszeda adj bust
~gamosaxuleba n bust shot
welSi gamoyvanili adj intersepted
~samosi ... fitted tightly at the waist
wera(ix.wawera) v scribe,write
~beWduri v write in block capitals
wera-kiTxvis/metyvelebis unari n oral
and writing ability
~mcodne n literate
~ucodinari n illiterate
~ucodinroba n illiteracy
weraqvi n bill,hack,mattock (n/v), pitcher
weriTi sistema n writing system
~sistemis gardaqmna v n convent(ion) of ~
~Cvevebi n pl writing habits
werili=baraTi(ix,wminda) n letter,message
screed
~mociqulTa Acts of Apostles,Epistles
232
~saRvTo/wminda(ix.wminda) n Holy Scipture/Writ,Scripture,Epistle,the Epistles
werilobiT
adv (in) written (form)
werilobiTi
adj epigraphic,written
~istoria n recorded history
~wyaro n (written) records/source
weris grafika n drawing of script
wernaqi(s) n adj angobe/angobage,ruddle,slip
wernaqiani/wernaqiT adj angobaged
wernaqiT dafarva v slip,dip into the slip
wero n crane,heron,Adeidae n Lat.
wertilebiT dafaruli adj sth thickly dotted,dotty
wertili(ix.ornamenti) n dott,full stop
~aTvlis/amosavali n point of departure
~bolo n tail end
~gadakveTis n node of sth
~dnobis/lRobis n melting point
~duRilis n boiling ~
~sawyisi n origin,starting ~
~sayrdeni n footing,foothold from where..
impost seating,point of rest,support
~umaRlesi n culmination/high ventage point
~(Se)mobrunebis) n turning ~
~Sexebis n meeting ground,point of contact
wertilis dasma v put an end
wertilovani(ix.ornamenti)adj beaded,dotted,dotty,pointileè
wertilovanis msgavsad adv likewise a
pointileè
wesebi n pl usu. practices,rules
wesebis dacva v confirm(observe,submit) to
the rites/rules,follow the rites/rules
=morCileba v comply with rites/rules
~sapirispirod adv unconventional(ly)
wesi n custom,habit,manner,mode,order,pattern,pracrice,principle,rite,rule
~dadgenili n routine
~dakrZalvis n burial(funeral,funerary,mortuary) rite of passage,burial customs/
practices,mortuary practices,practice
of burying
~dawvis n cremation,practice of burning, a
rite of commiting to flame
~miRebuli adj accepted rule
=rigi n order
=rituali n custom,practice,rite,ritual
~qorwinebis n marital/marriage patterns/
rites,the institution of marriage
~Sesruleba v n observe/observance,practice
~SeZenis n procurement pattern
~cxovrebis n mode of life
~ZiriTadi
n principle
~werilobiTi n canon
wesierad adv orderly
wesiereba n accuracy,regularity
wesieri(ix,forma) adj orderly,regular
~adamiani/saqme adj respectable
wesis ageba burial services
~ aRsruleba administer a rite
~gadacema v n propagate/propagation
~dadgena v enshrine
~darRveva v offence the rules
~dacva v n observe/observation
wesrigi n accuracy,order,regularity
~anatomiuri n anatomical order
wewoni(s)=koptoni(s) n adj cake
wvdoma v insight/penetrate into
~gamowvlilviT(i) detailed insight
~siRrmeebSi v pierce to the depth of…
~xeliT v grasp sth
wvevamdeli n recruit
wveTva v ger drip(ing)
wveTi n dribble,drop
wver-ulvaSi n beard and moustache
wveri n beard,turf
~borcvis/mTis n summit
~grZeli n long-grown beard
~ ~ TeTri beard hoar with age
~mTis n hill-top,summit
~sagnis n point.tip,top
wverze ramis adv atop (of sth)
wveriT gareT adj outward pointing tip
~zeviT
adj upward
~
~
~qveviT adj downward ~
~
~ Signi
adj inward
~
~
wverosani adj bearded
wverwamaxuli adj sth sharp-pointed/tipped,
spired
wverwamocmuli=mujira n sth tipped
wvetana n point(ed) ,sharpened, spired
~gverdCacelili n side-notched ~
wveti(ix.wveri) n point,tenon,tip,thorn
~ = wvetura n gable
wvetiani adj pointed,sharpened,spired
grZel ~ n tall pointed
wveuleba n gathering(s),party
wveulebis gamarTva v throw feast
wvivmaRali
adj sb long-legged
wvivsakravi(s)(ix.tolaRi) n garter strap,
stocking suspender
wvivi(s) n shin
wvlili(s) v n contribute/contribution(s) to,
233
input,put effort into sth
wvima n v rain(fall)
wliuri raodenoba n annual rainfall
wvimiani adj pluvial,rainy condition(s)
~Rrubeli n rain-bearing cloud(s)
wvna v braid,plait,tat,weave,wicker
~godris/Robis v ger twin(ing)
~ ~ kalaTis ger basket-making
wvrilad adv in small pieces
~damsxvreuli adj shattered
~danayili adj fine crushed/pounded
wvrili adj fine,sharp,slender,slim,sly
wvrilkbila adj small toothed,with samall
cogs
wvrilkristaluri adj fine crystalline
wvrilmani n fry/small items
~ambis/movlenis chapter and verse of sth
wvrilmarcvlovani adj fine grained
wvrilfexa(ix.saqoneli) adj small
wiaRi n bedding,heart,womb
wiaRiseuli(ix.madani) n mineral ore,riches
(sing/pl)
~sasargeblo n pl usu. minerals
~simdidre n mineral wealth
wiaRiseuliT dajildoebuliadj furnished
~mdidari adj minerally wealthy
wibo n arris,carination,fillet,listel
~mkveTri n sharp rib,sharply carinated
wiboiani(ix.gverdi) adj ribbed
wigni(ix.saaqimo) n book,volume
~aRweris n cadastre
~mociqulTa n pl usu. Books of Apostles
~saaRricxvo n register,registration book
~sainventaro n check list
~samagido n handbook
wigniereba n literacy
wignis n sing/pl Lat. appendix/appendices
~marjvena wina furceli n recto
~saZiebeli n sing/pl Lat. index/indices
~Semkuloba(ix.TavsarTi) n book illumination
wida/widis=juRa n adj burning,clinker,
dross,slag(ed)
~grova n slag heap
wivi(s) n adj dung
wiTeli xe=uTxovari(ix.feri) n adj mahhagony,Sweitenia mahagony Lat.
wiTlad(ix.paraskevi,feri,xe) adv sth in red
~SeRebili adj painted in red
~ ~
tuCi/Rawvi adj rouge(d)
wiTuri
adj auburn,ginger
wili(ix.nawili) n fortune,part,portion,share
win(ix.ukana) adv prep ahead,before,forward,
in front of..,pre…
~aRdgoma v resist sb/sth
~gaswreba/uswrebs v presedes/presseding,ante/predates
~gaSverili adj protrude(ing) in front
~gaWra v go ahead/forward
~uswrebsv foreshadows,outstrips,surpasses
~
~ droSi v antedates,predates,presedes
~wamoweva v put forward
~wamoweuli adj promoted
~wasuli adj well advanced
wlebis ~ adv years before
=uwin(droSi) adv eg years back(before,
early)
wina adj pref. earlier,front(al)(ly),pre…
~planze adv (sth shown) front-on
~plani n foreground
~samzeri=viziri n foresight
~ukan adv front part back,hinder part before
winaaRmdeg adv against, counter…
winaaRmdegi n adj contra(s)=con(s)
winaaRmdegoba v n confront(ation),contradict
(ion),controversy,discrepancy,object(ion),
disadvantage(s),oppose/opposition,resist(ance),rival(ry),withstand(ing)
~Sida(polit./samTavrobo) n backbanch
rebellion,rebellious(ly)(ness)
winaaRmdegobis gaweva v challenge,contradict,object,oppose,resist sth,withstand
winaaRmdegobrivi adj contradictory,controversial,discrepant
winaaRmdegobrioba n contradiction,controversy,opposition,resistance
winadacveTa v n castrate/castration,circumcise/circumcision
winamavali adj antecedent,foregoing,preceding,precursor
winamdebare(ix.naSromi) adj the present
= wina adj previous
winamorbedi=manamade arsebuli adj antecedent,fore(bear,most,runner),
precursor
~adamiani n ancestor,predecessor
winamZRvari n father/mother superior,prior
(ess),premise
=piroba n prerequisites
=wyaro
n source
winamZRoli n leader,prior
~Tavadaznaurobis n Marshal of nobility
winamZRoloba n leadership,take the lead in
sth
234
winaparTa kulti n ancestor worship
winapari n ancestor,antecedent,forebear(s),
forefather(s),founder,predecessor,progenitor
~bibliuri n root(pedigree)
~saerTo n the first father/mother
winapiroba n key to,precondition,predisposing condition(s),prerequisite,premise
winaprebi=mamebi n pl ancestry
winare prep adj pre.., preaccessible,pre-existing/existent
~keramikuli adj aceramic,pre-pottery
~kolonizaciamdeli adj precolonization
~koloniuri adj precolonising
~liTonis adj pre-metal using
~xanebi n preceding period(period after a
short period),in the wake of…
winasityvaoba n foreword, preface
winaswar adv ahead,beforehand,in advance,
presupposedly,previously,provisionally,tentatively
~ganzraxviT adv deliberately
~ganwyoba n v predispose/predisposition
~mWvreteli n visionary,visionist
~Sedgenili adj predetermined
winaswari adj precursor,prelude,previous,provisional,tentative
~monaxazi n preliminary/rough outline
winaswarmetyveleba v n divine/divination,
foretell,predict(ion),prophesy
~SeiZleba v (sth is) predictable
winaswarmetyveli n divine,divinatory,forerunner,precursor,predictor,prophet(ess),seer,
visioner
winaswarmetyvelurad adv anticipatorily
winaswarmetyveluri adj anticipatory,prophetic
winaswarmWvreteli n visionary/visionist
winaRoba n barrier/obstacle against
winaSe adv before,in face of sb/sth
windauxedaoba n precipitation
windaxedulad adv cautiously,with caution,
deliberately
windaxeduleba n caution,have foresight,
providence,wariness
windaxeduli adj cautious,prudent,wary
winda n sock,stocking
windi n gage
winidan adv (from) outside face/front side
winkari n hallway,porch,vestibule
winmswrebi adj ancestral to,antecedent,foremost,forerunner,foreshadowing,preceding
v n advance(ment),advantage,facilitate,headway,make advance(headwway,progress),prosper
winswreba v anticiparte,antedate,precede(nce
predate
winwila n cymbalo
winwkali n sweet pea,spot
winxedi n (front) elevation,full face,en face
(Fr)
winxediT/winxedSi adv by elevation
wipwa/wipwis n adj pip
wirva v n serve,service(s)
~mwuxris/serobis n for ever,vespers
~Jamis n song of liturgy
~samadlobeli thanksgiving ~
~ciskris n Matins
wirvis bolos dalocva v n benedicite/benediction
wirTxli(s) n adj gate post,jamb,stile
~zeda n lintel
~kamara n ~ arch
~karis/fanjris n stud
wirwkimali(s)(ix.wkiri) n peg
~bude n peg-hole
wisqvili(s)(ix.wisqvilis) n adj mill
~doluri n crushing cylinder
~saRvariani n mill race
~wylis n water-mill
~xelis n grain-rubber,hand-mill,quern
wisqvilis borbali n mill-wheel
~Tavara n stud
~qva n mill-stone
~ ~ zeda n runner
~ ~ qveda n bed stone
~Rari n chute,mill-race
~xvimiri n seeder
~xvimiris kriWa n phalii
wifeli/wiflis n adj beech-tree=Fagus
Silvatica
wiwaka n adj pepper, Piper gen. Lat
~cxare n adj hot/red pepper, Capsicum
annuum Lat.
wiwviani/wiwvovani adj conifer(ous)(s)
~fisi n adj thus
wiwvnari n adj conifer(s)
wiwibo(si) n adj beech nut
wiwibura(si) n adj buckwheat, Fagopurum
esculentum Lat.
wiwmati(s) n adj chenopod=Amaranthaceae,
Lat.
cress=Lapidium Lat.
wkiri(s) n adj dowel,joint,peg,wooden pin
~meore detalis fosoSi n tenon
winsvla
235
~Casma v drive/wedge in
wkriali n v ger peal(ing),ring(ing)
wlebi bolo/dasaruli adj final.waning years
~dacemis adj final years
~mZime/mSieri adj lean times
~Semdgomi adj years afterword
wlebiT ukan adv go back to some years,years back
wlebis ganmavlobaSi adv over years
wlebSi
adv in years
bolo ~ in recent years
ukanasknel ~ last years
wlis(a)mag.20-25 adj adult between/to 20-25
daaxloebiT 20-25 ~ sb about 20-25
years old
wlisTavi(s) n anniversary
~aRniSvna v commemorate/mark ~
wliuri/wliurad adj adv annual(ly),yearly
wmenda v purge
wminda adj divine,Holy,sacred,Saint
~adgili/sivrce n cult(sacred,holy) space
~andrias jvari Saltire
~marcvlovani adj fine grain
~nawilebi n pl usu. (holy) relics
=sufTa adj clean,pure
~teqstebi n pl usu. hieratica
~ufleba n divine right
~facetiani adj fine faceted
~qalaqi n Holy City
=Zvirfasi adj sacred
~werili Holy Script/Scripture
~werilis ganmarteba v expound
~wylis adj pure,very(eg very Greek)
=xalasi adj pure
wmindad
adv purely,sacredly
wmindaTawminda adj Holy of Holies
wmindani n divine,Holy,hypocrite,saint
mfarveli ~
patron duty/saint
wmindanoba n sainlines
wneli(s) n adj twig(s),wooden peg
~liTonis n rod
~mownuli adj woven wattle
~safeni n switch/twig flooring
~tirifis n with
wnexi
n v press(room)
~berketiani n lever press
~xraxniani
n screw ~
wnori(s)=tirifi(s) n adj willow
wnuli n adj guilloche,hurde,wattle,wickwork
~mosawnavi adj wicker
~cru n adj pseudospiral
~xvia n adj canning wattle,wreath
~xviara adj rambling wattle
wodeba n rank(junior/senior), title
~oficris n v commission,estate investiture
wodebis miniWeba v ennoble,grace
~miReba v assume rank/title
wre n circle,lock,ring
~mbrunavi adj
lathe-turned circle
~mojadoebuli adj vicious ~
~oficialuri adj official quarters
=sazogadoeba
n circle
~Sekruli n conjoint ~
wreta
v drain(age)
wrexazi n circle,circuit
wrToba v steel,temper
wriapi n crampon
wriulad adv in circuit/curves
wriuli adj annular,circular,circumscribed
wuni n v discard,drawback,refuse,reject
(ion)(s),waste
wuwuni v n complain(t)
wuxili n v grief,grieve,regret,sadden
wyalamridi/sawreti n drain(age)
~arxi n Fr. goût
wyalgamtari n water-ditch/pipe
wyalgamyofi(ix.qedi) adj water-parting/shed
wyalgaumtari(ix.baTqaSi) adj impenetrable,waterproof/tight
wyalgayvaniloba(ix.kanalizacia,wyalsadeni) n (water)pipe/supply,drain
wyaldidoba n water-flood
wyalvardnili n waterfall,falls(pl usu)
wyalze siaruli v ger walk(ing) on top of
the water
wyal(n)i n water
~gamdinare n running ~
~ganixvnen
v the ~ opened up
~gruntis n ground/subsoil ~
~macocxlebeli n live-giving ~ = ~ of ife
~mlaSe n adj brackish ~
~sasmeli n adj fresh ~
wyalmarCxi adj low-water level,not deep,
shallow
wyalmcenare n adj water plant,Dinoflagellata
~kaJis Semcveli n adj diatom
wyaloba v n donate/donation,grace,grant,
mercy
wyalobiT adv by the grace of sb,owed/owing to sb/sth
RvTis ~ by the grace of God
236
wyalobis CamorTmeva v n deprivate(ion)
wyalsatevi/sacavi n dam lake,pond,reservoir
wyalsaqcevi n discharge
wyalsacavi n dam lake,basin,pond
wyalsawreti n catch-water drain(pipe),gutter,
sewer
~Sveuli vertical drain
wyalqveSa adj underwater
wyalSemkrebin basin,catch-water drain,sewer
wyalwaRebuli adj failure
wyal-wyala adj watery
wyaro n 1. brook,spring(well); 2.background,
(origin,prodenitor; 3. information,source
~damatebiTi n complementary/supplementary source
~Termuli n thermal spring
~informaciis information source
~literaturuli n literary/literate context
~mTavari n actual/main source of sth
~mineraluri n well
~mTavari n basic headwaters/source
~moicavs v harbour
~nedleulis source of raw material
~saarsebo n subsistance
=saTave n source
~sinaTlis light shaft
~uSreti n everlasting/living ~
~cxoveli n life-spring
=warmomavloba n the origins,provenance
~werilobiTi n written record/source
wyarod (moe)dineba v jet spout
wyaroebidan qreba v disappear from the records
wyaroTmcodneoba n source study
wyeba=rigi n range,row,source,series of…
~oTaxebis n suite of rooms
~ubedurebaTa n chapter of accidents
wyevla n v curse,incantation,impricate/imprication
~krulvis SeuTvla... v hail curses on/upon
~samaradiso n eternal damnation
wyvdiadi n abusm,darkness
~drois
(sth lost in)dark abysm of time
wyveta n v break,discontinue/discontinuity,gap
interrupt(ion),pause
wyvwtadi adj discrete
wyvetilad adv intermittently
wyvetili(s) n break,discontinuosness,caesura/caesurae (n sing/pl Lat.),chasm,gap,
hiatus,interlude,pause
~iqmneba sth constitutes a gap in sth
~ucabedi n sharp break
~Sevseba v bridge/fill a gap
=Sualedi n interval
~xazi n punctured line
wyvilad adv in couples/pairs
wyviladi adj twin
wyvili n adj couple,pair,set
~gamwevi n paired draught
wyliT
adv by/with water
~gazavebuli adj watwred
~gaJRenTili adj saturated with,soak/step
(ed)in,waterlogged
~dafarva v drawn(ing) of sth
~momarageba v (water) supply
wylis adj water
~gamomSvebi n
~ outlet
~gamtari n
~ pipe
~gaumtari adj
~ tight
~dagroveba/Sekaveba v retain water
~debiti n abb,flow,debitage
~maZiebeli n
~ diviner
~nakadi n
~ course
~napiras adv at the water's edge
~saaTi n
~ clock
~sarke n face, ~ teble
~saqaCi n
~ pump
~sacavi n body of water
~feria n
~ sprite, witch
~qveSeTi n under ~ kingdom
~SemSvebi n ~ inlet
~SroSani n ~ lily
wylisgan/wyliT narecxi adj water-worn
wyluli(ix.liTonis) n nodule,ulcer
wyoba n bond,bricking,course,institution,layer,masonry,setting,structure,system
~aguris n course of bricks,coursed bricking
~ ~ grZeli gverdiT stretcher on edge,
edgewise
~gadabmulad/gadabmuli bonded ~
~gamTanabrebeli levelling course
~gani/yira
header, in headers
~ganivi adj inbod masonry
~gareT gamoburculi qvebiT=rustiki
n v bosse,rusticate(ion)
~grigala/Tevzifxuri adj herringbone
bond/work
~duRabiani n adj masonry
~isodomuri n adj isodomomos ~
~kedlis pirimxris
facing,veneer
~lenturi/mozaikuri n Lat. opus vermiculatum
~mSrali n adj ashlar technique,dry building/
stone masonry,stonework
237
~nakveTi/saxiani adj Lat. opus interralise
~orTostatuli adj orthotichous ~
~piri-pirze adj close-fitting ~
~rigebad adv adj coursed/coursing ~
~rombuli xveulebiT adj adv reticulated
~saxiani opus interralise
~socialuri social system
~uduRabo n adj dry ~
~uformo/uxeSi adj random ~
~qerclisebri adj embricated ~
~qvis n course of stones,stonework
~ ~ mSrali dry stone masonry/work
~qvitkiri n course of stones/stonework
(wall)held together with lime mortar,
stone and lime wall
~yira in headers
~yoruli n quarry stone masonry,rubble
stone wall(ing)
~ciklopuri adj Cyclopean ~
~WyorduRabis rubble masonry
wyobis gadawyoba v re-lay the masonry
~gamagreba v ger bond(ing)
~lodebi mWidrod closely joined ashlar
blocks
~rigi aguris/qvis n course (of masonry),
line,row (of orthostats)
~Sekvra v bond
~Semtkiceba v superimpose and stabilize
with mud mortar
~Sualeduri rigi course
~teqnika n masonry technique
~qveda nawili n lower courses
wyobileba(ix.saxelmwifo) n rule
wyobili adj coherent
wyrTa=idayvidan Sua TiTis wveramde) n
adj cubit=0,45cm; ell=1,4 cm
WapniT gadazidva v n cartage
Wapnis Rvedi n tag
Warbad
adv abundantly
~gavrcelebuli adj prevalent
~dasaxlebuli adj overpopulated
Warbi adj abundant,affluent,over...prolific,
too many/much,outnumbering
Warbobs v outnumbers,predominates,prevails,stands out
Warli=alkuni n kingfisher
Warxali wiTeli n adj beet(root), Beta
vulgaris Lat.
Wauri n shaft,well
~kibis n stair-well
~sahaero n air-shaft/vent
~sinaTlis light well/shaft
WaRara/WaRariT mosili adj hoar
~siZvele hoar antiquity
WaRi n chandelier,luster
WaSnagiri n cellarer
WaWa/WaWis n adj grape husks
Waxraki
n screw
Wde(ix.mdaRveli) n hew,incision,mark,notch
Wdeva v incise,impress,mark,stamp
Wedadi adj ductile,malleable
Wedadoba n ductility
Wedva v ger beat(ing),hammer(ing),repossage
~civad v ger cold hammer(ing)
~cxlad v ger forge(ing)
Wedvis teqnika n hammering technique
Weduroba(ix.xelovneba) n v copperplate,
engrave,relief work
~pirimxridanv chase,embosse/embossage
~ukuRmidan v low relief,repossé design/repossage
Weneba n v gallop
Weri(s)(ix,koWi) n ceiling
~dvutavrebze double T,H or W ceiling=beam ceiling with spaces between
the beams are bowed
~TaRi/rkali
~ arch
~Sida mxare inner ~
~svetebze n pillared ~;roof supported by
columns
WerqveS adv indoors
erT ~ adv under one roof
WeSmaritad!
excl.
verily!
=namdvilad adv actually,presumably,really,
truly
WeSmariteba n innate truth,maxim,truth,
~aRiarebuli n truism
~faruli the truth behind
W
Wa/Wis(ix.owinari)
n adj well
~Tavze rkaliT n arc well
Wabuki n adolescent,youth
Wabukoba n adolescecy
Wabukuri adj adolescent
Wadari/Wadris n adj plane-tree, sycamore
Wadraki(s) n adj chess
~dafa n check/chessboard
Wadrakuli(ix.gegmareba) adj chess,chequered
WanWiki n bolt
Waobi(ani) n adj bog(y),marshe(s),swamp(s)
(y)
Waobianoba n swampy nature of the terrain
Wapani n tag,tow
238
~RvTiuri n God's truth
WeSmariti adj authentic,genuine,sheer,sublime,true,veritable
~buneba n intrinsic nature of sth
~fasi n intrinsic value
~xelovneba n sublime art
WeWketa=mWada soko n adj Lactarius volumes
Lat.
Wvavi(s) n adj rey, Secale cereale Lat.
Wvartli(s) n adj grime
Wvinti n long sharp tip/toe
Wvintiani n shoes with upturned toes
Wviruli(ix.Tavi) adj ajour (Fr),claustra,filigree,sth (in) open-work
~naqsovi n adj open-work
~teqnika n filigree technique
Wvreta v contemplate,gaze
Widaoba(ix.brZola) v ger wrestle(ing)
Wikarti n tack
Wilofi(s) n adj mat,matting
~masala matting material
WinWari/WinWris
n adj Lat. Urtica
Wipi n bellybutton,navel
~samyarosi n bellybutton of the Universe
Wiri=Jamianoba n v plague
=ubedureba n pest,plague
Wirxli n hoar
Wiquri(s) n adj glaze(ing)
WiSkari n gate(way)
~pandusiT gate approached by ramp
=sazRvari n barrier,outpost
Wkua n mind,mentality,nous,wit
Wnavi(s)=circeli(s) n adj prickly ash,
Sorbus Lat.
Woni n furrier
Woromi n cataract,rapids
Worfliani adj freckled
WoWonaqi n windlass
Wra(ix.tyis) v ger cut(ing)
Wrela-Wrula adj patchwork
Wreli adj fancy,florid,morley,manycolored,
specky,variegated
Wrili n cut,section
~ganivi n cross section
~gverdiTi n profile ~
~grZivi n longitudinal ~
~dazianebuli n damaged/intruded ~
~velze=Txrili n trench
~sadazvervo n prospect ~
~Sveuli n elevation view
Wrilis gamoqarva v weathering
~uReli n baulk
~Ziri
n floor
Wriloba/daWra n v wound
~Ria adj sore ~
Wrilobis Sexorceba v heal
WrilSi adj adv in section
WurWeli n container,pottery containe/vessel,ware
~azarfeSa n wine bowl
~araRrma adj not deep/shallow ware
~alabastroni n Gr. alabastron
~aribalosi=sazeTe ~ n sing/pl Gr. arybalos/arybaloi
~badia n tub
~bakoiani adj rimmed
~barZimi n chalice
~bawrisebri n band-built
~bikonusuri n singular shouldered
~boTli n bottle,vial
~ ~ brtyeli n flagon
~bokali(ix.sirCa) n goblet
~
~ ufexo n beaker
~boca(minis) n carboy
~brtyelZiriani adj flat based/bottomed
container/ware
~gamoberili n swollen container
~gamZle n sturdy ~
~geja qvis n reservoir
~ ~ xis
n wash-tub
~gamoberili adj bulging ware
~gamouwvavi adj unbaked ~
~gamomwvari adj baked ~
~gamoZerwili adj fashioned/pottered ~
~ ~ raRac formiT ~ fashioned into a
shape of sth
~gansabaneli n lavabo basin
~gverdSezneqili/Cakecili adj concavesided/ogee vessel
~gluvzedapiriani n smooth-faced ware
~gobi n trough
~gogrisebri adj guard-shaped ware
~grafini(ix. boTli brtyeli) n flagon
~dabali adj squat-form ware
~ ~ xarisxis n drab/monochrome ~
~dabalmucliani n low-bellied container
~dabalyeliani adj low-necked ~
~damrecpiriani n a container with bewelled
rim
~damRiani adj ~ beari(ing/carrying a
stamp, ~ with the impression of a stamp
~damxmare n vessel-support (used in kiln)
~dekoratiuli adj decorative/display ware
~dergi n clay cistern,jar
239
~didi zomis
adj vessel larger in form/
plump in shape
~kiafosi n sing/pl Lat. cyathus/cyathi
~kilike n Lat. kylike,kylix
~kirxsnaris(saduRabe) n sing/pl Lat.
mortarium/mortarii
~koka=Cafi n pitcher
~kopebiani n knobbed ware
~kotila(0,273l) n kotylai
~koWobi n tumbler
~koxta adj slender ware
~krasauli=krasouli n krasobolion Gr.
~krateri n crater
~lambaqi n saucer
~langari(ix.sini) n ashet,dish,platter,tray,
patera/paterae (n sing/pl Lat)
~larnaki(ix.vaza) n vase
~lekoTosi n sing/pl Lat. lecythos/lecythi
~loTonis n metal ware,powter,utensils
~liTonisebr naprialebi n metallic ware
~luTeria n sing/pl Gr. luter/luteris
~maTara n (pilgrim) flask,water-bottle
~maragis Sesanaxi n food vesse,storage
bin,store jar
~marani n double/triple pot,kernos/kernoi
(n sing/pl Gr)
~maRalfexiani adj high-foot(ed)/stemmed=
pedestalled vessel
~maRalyeliani adj long/straight-necked ~
~mTeli adj complete/intact ~
~minis adj glass ware=glassware
~ ~ WurWlis gadasatani n crate for
packing glassware
~minosuri n depas-shape ware=depas/depata n sing/pl Lat.
~miwaSi Cafluli n container buried up to
the shoulders
~mravalfexa n polypod vessel=cult table
~mrgvalmucliani round-bodied ware
~mrgvalZiriani adj round based ~, container with rounded underside
~msxlis formis adj pear-shaped/pyriform
ware
~msxlisebr wagrZelebuli adj vessel
oblonged like a pear
~mudmivi cecxlis n flaming urn
~muqad gamomwvari n dark faces burnished
ware
~muqi n dark ware
~mucliani n fat ~
~mcire zomis n small ~
~mZime n heavy-duty ~
~naprialebi n burnished,polished ware
~ ~ Zalian n highly burnished ~
~dora n jar
~doqi n jug
~ ~ ukan gadaweuli yeliT n recess necked jar
~einoqoa=oinoqoa n ewer,oinochoe/oinochoai (n sing/pl Lat)
~embazi n font,luter/luteris (Gr. sing/pl)
~vaza/larnaki n vase
~ ~ maRalfexiani n high-footed ~
~ ~ qalis mkerdis formis n figure of a
bust
~ ~ sxeulis formis/figuruli n
figure~
~vardisfersarCuliani adj pink-lined
ware
~varcli
n trough,vat
~ ~ sabanao n bathtub
~vedro n bucket,pail,situla/situlae (Lat)
~viwroyeliani adj container with narrow
neck,narrow-necked ware
~zeTis(ix.aribalosi,sazeTe) n oil-can
~ziarebis n communion cup,pix=pyx (Lat)
~ ~ kveris Sesanaxi n pix-keeper
~ziarWurWeli n communicating vessel
~Tavdaxuruli adj lidded ware
~Tasi n bowl
~TaRari n jar with straight sedes
~TeTrgruntiani white ground ware
~TefSi n plate
~ ~ gadafriala n platter
~ ~ dabalkedliani n shallow plate
~Timiaterioni n sing/pl Gr. thymiaterium/thymiateria
~Tixis adj earthenware,pottery
~ ~ naWrebiT nagebi n pottery built with
slabs of clay
~Txelkedliani adj shallow/thin walled ware
~kaTxa n bowl,goblet
~ ~ yuriani n stainer
~ ~ yuriT da xufiT n trankard
~kaklis naWuWisebri adj walnut shellshaped
~kalTebdaqanebuli adj slopingsided
ware
~kasri n vat
~kedlis n plaque
~kenWis(yris) Casayreli n sing/pl Lat.
situla/situlae
~keci(mWadis) n sing/pl Lat. scaldino/
scaldini
240
~omfalosi n sing/pl Lat. omphalos/omphalomes
~ormagi adj twin pot
~oryura adj two-handled ware
~patera n sing/pl Lat. patera/paterae
~pelike n pelike
~piTosi n sing/pl Lat. pithos/pithoi
~pina n plate,pan
~pinaki n chalice,mesomphalos,phiala/phiala/phialae (n sing/pl Lat.),pinax/pinakes
(n sing/pl Gr)
~pirgadaSlili adj container with bent
out(offset,overturned,outcurving,sloping
out) rim
~pirmoyrili adj ~ with incurved/curved
inwards rim,rail-square rim
~odnav ~ bewelled vessel
~pirSesqelebuli adj ~ with rolled/thicken
ed rim
~piqsida n sing/pl Gr. pyxidis/pyxidas
~ritoni n sing/pl Gr. rhyton/rhyta
~rkalebiT nagebi n coil-built vessel,pottery built with coils
~rodini n grinding bowl,mortar
~rofi n tank, tub, vat
~sada n plain pottery/ware
~sadinariani n hole-mouth pot
~saduRabe n sing/pl Lat. mortarium/mortarii
~sadRvebeli n churn,creamery,skimmer
~
~ kasrisebri,mbrunavi barrel churn
~
~ sadinari n hole-mouth,tube
~sadResaswaulo adj festive ware
~sazeTe n oil can
~ ~ daCvretilsaxuraviani n flaskcastor,aryballos/aryballoi(n sing/pl Gr)
~sakvebis mosamzadebeli n food-processing ware
~sakrZalavi n interment vessel
~samarile n salt-cellar/holder
~samelne n ink-pot/stand
~sameurneo adj household ware
~samzareulo adj kitchen ~
~samtuCa adj vessel with triple rim.tripod/tripoid rimmed ~
~samfexa adj tripod ~
~sanaTlavi(ix.embazi) n font
~sanelsacxeble n sing/pl Lat. balsamarium/balsamarii; epichysis/epichysisis
(n sing/pl Gr); perfume/scent bottle
~saritualo adj ritual vessel
~sartyliani n banded ware
~sarZeve n milk bowl/jug
~sarwyulebeli n trough
~sarwyuli(ix.vedro) n bucket,pail
~ ~ minis n carafe,hydria/hydriae (Lat)
~sasakmevle n censer,thurible;btilum/batili
( n sing/pl Lat)
~sasmisi n beaker,drinking vessel,goblet,pa
tera/paterae,situla/situlae(n sing/pl Lat)
~sasmuri n container,drinking cup for wine
~saRebavis n painting utensil
~saRvine n sing/pl Gr. oinochoe/oinochoai
~
~
minis n carafe,ewer
~sacecxluri(ix.sasakmevle) n censer
~sacremle n sing/pl Lat. lacrimarium/lacrimarii
~saZvale n ossuary
~sawveleli(ix.sarZeve) n milking vessel
~sawuri n strainer
~sawyao n measuring vessel,chous/choes
(n sing/pl Gr)
~saxile n fruitstand,pedestalled,slenderstemmed bowl
~saxuraviani(ix.Tavdaxuruli) n lidded
vessel
~svetisebri n column-shaped ware
~sini(ix.langari) n ashet,tray
~sirCa(ix.bokali) n glass goblet
~sisxlis gamosaSvebi n bleeding cup
~situla n sing/pl Lat. situla/situlae
~skifosi n Gr. skyphoi; scyphus/scyphi
(n sing/pl Lat)
~sokos formis n mashroom-shaped ware
~sura
n jar
~ ~ minis n carafe
~ ~ samtuCa n tripoid rimmed jar
~ ~ tuCiT,fexiT,yuriT n ewer
~ ~ ukan gadaweuli yeliT n recessed
necked jar
~ ~ yuriani n jar
~sufris n cover(serving/table) vessel/ ware
~sferulmucliani adj globular ~
~sqelkedliani adj heavy,valled ~
~sworgverdiani n straight-sided ~
~tafa n brazier,frying pan
~ ~ gaTbobisaTvis cecxlis dasanTebaT n brazero=brazier
~ ~
~ gadasatani portable brazier
~tigeli n crucible,melting pot,pool
~tiki n water/wine-skin
~tolCa n mug
~tuCaweuli n vessel with rising spout
~tuCiani n spouted jar
~ubralo n plain pottery/ware
241
~uornamento n plain/undecorated ~
~ufexo n foot/stemless ~
~ufskero n bottomless
~uyuro n handleless
~uxeSad naZerwi n offhand/handmade ~,
wares modeled in a slip-shod way
~uxeSi n rough ware
~farTemucliani n broad-bodied/wide-bellied ~
~farTepiriani n wide-mouthed ~
~farTeZiriani n container with wide underside
~ferflis Casayreli (micvalebulis)
n ash/cinerary urn,recipient vessel
~fexiani adj footed/pedestalled ware;
a vessel on a stem
~fiala n chalice,vial,phiala/phialae (Lat)
~fialisebri adj chalice-form ware
~qanTarosi n sing/pl Lat. cantharus/
canthare
~qaSanuris adj gazed pottery/ware
~qvabi n cooking pot,(souce)pan,stew-jar,
stewing pot
~ ~ Tixis/liTonis n casserole
~ ~ patara n sing/pl Lat. patera/paterae
~ ~ saaraye n elembic
~ ~ samfexa 3-4 yuriT n cauldron
~ ~ spilenZis(Sdr.spilenZi) n copper
~qvabqoTana n jug,stewing pot,situla/situlae
n ing/pl (Lat)
~qvevri(s) n clay cistern, jug (buried up to
shoulders into the ground)
~ ~ saxuravi n wooden lid with an airhole through it
~qila n pot,trefoil-shaped jug
~ ~ uyuro n jar
~ ~ qusliani n jug
~qoTani n pot
~ ~ sakvebis mosaxarSad n cooking/stewing pot
~ ~ Ramis n urinal
~qoco n jar
~qusliani adj ring-based ware
~quslwvetiani adj container with pointed
underside
~Rvinis n ewer,wine-cup
~yelwvrili adj narrow/tubular necked
~yuriani adj handled ~
~Savpriala n dark burnished vessel
~Sezneqilgverdiani n concavesided ~
~SezneqilZiriani n concave based vessel,
omphalos
~Sesarevi/Semrevi n mixing ~
~Sesqelebuli n swollen container
~Sida(Wilofis) n inner vessel of mat
~Camosakidi n hanging ware
~Camosasxmeli n vessel for serving
~CamCa n dipper,ladle,situla/situlae ( n sing/pl
Lat)
~Carxze amoyvanili adj vessel thrown on
the wheel
~Cafi(ix.koka) n pitcher
~calyura adj one/single-handled ware
~cecxlSi namyofi adj vessel with fire
traces
~cicxvi(ix.CamCa) n dipper,scoop
~ ~ liTonis(Camosasxmeli) n shank
~Zvirfasi adj fine ware
~Zirbrtyeli adj flat based/bottomed ~
~ZirfarTo adj vessel with wide underside
~ZirSezneqili adj ~ with underside bent
inwards
~Zirwvetiani adj ~ with pointed underside
~wablisferkeciani adj brown-clay ware
~wamlis n sing/pl Lat. urguentarium/unguentarii
~wamwamebis saRebavis(ix.anTimoni;termini mogvawoda b-nma i.gagoSiZem 2003
w) n cohl tube
~welSi gamoyvanili intersepted
~wernaqiani n slip ware
~wvetiani n pointed ware
~wiboiani n angular body.shoulders
~wminda nawilebis n sing/pl Lat. chrismarium/chrismarii, shrine
~ ~
wylis n stoup
~wylis amosaRebi(Widan) n sing/pl Gr.
kados/kadoi
~Wraqi n oil-lamp
~xaxvis formis adj vessel with bulbous
body
~xeliT naZerwi adj hand-made/offhand
ware
~xelada n pitcher
~ ~ samtuCa n triple rimmed ~
~xeliT nagebi n band-built, pottery built
with slabs of clay,coil-built vessel,
pottery built with coils
~ ~ Sesawiri n libation bowl,patera/paterae
(n sing/pl Lat)
~yanwi n horn
~yeliani adj necked ware
~yelmaRali adj long-necked ~
242
~xonCa(ix.langari,sini) n tray
~xufiani adj lidded
~xrika n ladle/scoop made of goud
~jami n basin/bowl,cupel,patera/paterae Lat
~ ~ didi n pancheon
~ ~ kalTebdaqanebuli adj slopingsided ~
~ ~ samsxmelo/Camosaxmeli n pouring
bowl
~ jamis Sida sivrce n bowl
~ ~
~ fskeri n floor
~jamisebri adj chaliceform
~jamfila n chalice
~xrika n ladle/scoop made of goud
~hidria n bucket,pail,hydria/hydriae
(Lat.sing/pl)
WurWelze mimagrebuli adj n attach(ment)
WurWels aklia(nawili) a certain part/piece
is missing
~gars uvlis v rim
WurWlidan amoReba v n extract/extraction
~dasxma/Camosxma v pour,tip
WurWlis amoyvana v ger pot(tering),stretch/
throw on wheel
~bako=gvirgvini(ix.piri) n lip,rim
~ ~ gadaSlili adj bent-out(flaring,out
turned,splayed) ~
~ ~ ~ zevidan brtyeli adj tabled ledge
~ ~ gadmokecili,swori adj projecting ~
~ ~ ~ Zirs daxrili adj downturned ~
~ ~daZerwilSveriliani adj molded ~
~ ~zeviT akecili adj upturned ~
~ ~mkveTrad gadaSlili adj offset ~
~ ~pirmoyrili adj curved inwards ~
incurved/inverted ~
~ ~sorsoliani adj rolled ~
~ ~sqeli adj thick rim/roll
~ ~swori adj plain rim
~ ~talRovani adj rilled ~
~ ~Sesqelebuli adj thickened ~
~ ~gadakecili/Cacelili adj beveled ~
~ gverdi(ix.muceli,tani)n body wall,side
~ ~ gamozneqili adj convex ~
~ ~ kanelurebiani adj ribbed ~
~ ~ mkveTri wiboTi adj sharply carinated
~ ~ uwiboo adj unribbed ~
~ ~ Sezneqili adj concavesided/ogee~
~ ~ wiboiani adj sharply carinated/ribbed
~gverdis nawili n side piece/section
~zeda nawili n upper part
~zedapirze adv on the exterior
~zedapiri n exterior,surface
~
~
~
~
gare n exterior,outer surface
gluvi adj smooth ~ ~
erTgvarovani adj plain/smooth ~
koncentruli xazebiT adj ~ ~
with concentric lines
~
~ liTonuri bzinvarebiT silvery sheen
~
~ mogluvebuli adj smoothed ~ ~
~
~ ~ wyliT adj slip,surface-wash(ed)
~
~ ~ xeliT adj smoothed with wet
hands
~
~ uswormasworo adj chipped ~ ~
~
~ uxeSi,xaoiani,xorkliani adj
chipped(coarse/rough) ~ ~
~
~ xaoian-zoliani adj strained/striation ~ ~
~zedapiris gazrda gofrirebiT corruggated surface augment
~ ~ damuSaveba v n treat(ment)
~ ~ ~ siTxiT v slip,surface wash
~ ~ mosworeba v smooth(ing),surface
~kalTa(ix.kalTa) n hem, side
~keTeba bawrisebri TixiT v coil method
to build a pot
~keci(ix.Tixa) n clay,fabric
~ ~ minarevebiani adj ~ ~ with dashes
(inclusions,impurities,insertions)
~ ~ kvarcis ~
adj ~ ~ with quartz
~ ~ kiris
~
adj ~ ~ with lime
~ ~ qviSanarevi
adj ~ ~ gritty,with sand
~ ~ Carxis kvaliT adj ~ ~ with wheelmarks
~kopi(ix.kopi) n dot,knot,wart
~muceli=tani(ix.gverdi) n body
~ ~ bikonusuri adj biconical ~
~ ~ gamoberili adj bulging ~
~ ~ kvercxisebri adj egg-like ~
~ ~ konusuri adj conical ~
~ ~ msxlisebr wagrZelebuli adj ~
oblonged like a pair
~ ~ msxlisebri adj pear-shaped/puriform~
~ ~ sferuli adj globular ~
~ ~ swori adj straight ~
~ ~ swrafad gafarToebuli adj abruptly/sharply widening ~
~ ~ farTovdeba v ~ widens
~ ~ Seberili adj swollen ~
~ ~ Zirisken swrafad Seviwrovebuli
adj ~ narrowing abruptly to the body
~ ~ wiboiani adj carinated ~
~mxari(ix.mxari) n shoulder
243
~
~
~
~
~ ~ ganieri
adj wide ~
~ ~ daqanebuli adj sloping ~
~ ~ mkveTrad ~ adj sharply ~
~
~ ~ odnav ~
adj gently
~
~
~mxrisa da gverdis nawili n shoulder
and body piece/section
~moxatuloba(ix.ornamenti) n adornment,
decoration,ornamentation
~namtvrevebi
n junk, shred(s)
~pir-gverdi n rim and side piece/section
~piri(ix.bako) n lip,mouth,rim
~ ~ gadaSlili adj everted(flaring,splayed) ~ ~
~ ~ gadmokecili adj outturned(overlapping turned out) ~
~ ~ dakbiluli adj notched/serrated ~
~ ~ damreci adj beveled rim
~ ~ zevidan brtyeli adj flat ~
~ ~ lilvakiT/sorsoliT adj mouth
with roller
~ ~ moyrili curved inwards/inward curvved rim
~ ~ niskartisebri/aweuli beaked=rising
spout
~ ~ sayvirisebri adj trumpet-shaped ~
~ ~ farTovdeba v mouth flears out
~ ~
~ boloSi v ~ widens at the end
~ ~ ~ TavSi v flares out at the top
~ ~ ~ SuaSi v widens at the middle
~ ~ Sesqelebuli adj thickened
~piris qvemoT adv just below the rim
~raime nawili
n section
~sadgami n pedestal,stem
~sadinari/sawuri n hole for pouring,pierced tube
~sartyeli n band,cordon,girth
~sarCuli
n inside,line(ing)
~saxeluri(ix.yuri) n attachment,handle
~ ~ burTula n knob.lug
~ ~ gadakvanZuli n double handle
~ ~ gauxvretavi n handle without ring
~ ~ grexili n double-twisted loop,
twisted handle
~ ~ zeaRmarTuli n high-swang ~
~ ~ Tokisebri(ix.grexili) n rope ~
~ ~ kalaTisebri n basket ~
~ ~ kopiT Tavze n ~ with a wart
~ ~ lenturi n strap-like ~
~ ~ maryuJisebri n loop ~
~ ~ milisebri Tarazuli n cannonshaped ~
~ ~ mrgvalganivkveTiani n furrowed ~
~
~
~
~
~
mucelze n belly-handle(d)
rgoluri n ring handle
samnawiliani n tripartite ~
sacereTi Tavze n ~ with thumb rest
scildeba pirs zemoT ~ reaches
over the mouth/rim
~ ~ tuCsa da mxarze ~ from shoulder to lip
~ ~ ukan Cabrunebuli n recurved ~
~ ~ firfitiT da SveriliT with handle plate and spur
~ ~ yulfisebri n loop handle
~ ~ Sverili n ledge/projecting ~
~ ~ Sveriliani n spur
~ ~ Sverilisebri n lug
~ ~ cru
n false handle, lug
~saxeluris mimagreba v attach,fit
~ ~ mimagrebis xerxi n method/way of
fitting on…
~ ~ msgavsi adj handlelike
~ ~ narCeni
n remain/trace of…
~saxuravi/xufi n lid
~sipriale n burnish
~tani=muceli
n body
~tevadoba
n capacity
~tuCi
n lip,rim
~fexi n base,foot,pedestal,stem
~ ~ gadabrunebuli n turned foot
~ ~ gaSlili n spreading ring ~
~ ~ maRali n tall foot/stem
~ ~ mrgvali n ring-shaped base/foot
~ ~ naZerwi/figuruli n molded ~
~ ~ rgoluri n ring ~
~ ~ qusliani n ring base(d) ~
~ ~ Sveriliani projecting ~
~fexis da tanis nawili n foot and body/cup section
~ ~ zeda rkali n fillet
~fskeri(ix.Ziri) bottom,floor
~qoba
n rim
~qusli
n ring base
~ ~ aweuli n raised ring
~ ~ naxevarwriuli friziT n outer
face/torus
~ ~ orsafexuriani n lower member in
two
~ ~ tuCiani n concave moulding/lipped
~ ~ Sezneqili n concave moulding/molding
~ ~ Signi SeWrili n recessed bottom
~quslis baliSi n cushioned underside
~ ~ zeda nawili/yeli n upper member,
lip
244
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~ sayrdeni n resting surface
~
~ Rariani n grooved ~ ~
~ Raris qveda nawili n lower member with scraped groove
~ ~ Sida sicariele-konusi n cone
~ ~
~ Rru n concave underside/central nipple
~ ~ CaWrili zoli n scraped groove
~yeli
n neck(ing)
~ ~ gamouyofeli n non-separate ~
~ ~ ganieri
n wide ~
~ ~ dabali n short ~
~ ~ maRali n long ~
~ ~ farTovdeba v ~ widens,widening ~
~ ~ cilindruli n cylindric ~
~ ~ Zabrisebri n funnel-like ~
~ ~ wvrili n narrow/tubular ~
~yelisa da piris nawili neck and rim
piece/section
~
~
~ tanis ~ neck and body ~ ~
~yuri(ix.saxeluri) n attachment,hand
grip/hold,handle
~ ~ brtyeli n flat handle
~ ~ grexili yulfi n twisted loop ~
~ ~ dakbiluli n spurred ~
~ ~ dekoratiuli n ornamental ~
~ ~ zeaweuli n upswung ~
~ ~
~ maryuJisebri n high loop ~
~ ~ Tasmisebri/lenturi n strap-like ~
~ ~ irmis rqisebri n antler ~
~ ~ kalaTisebri n basket ~
~ ~ lentisebri n strap-like ~
~ ~ lentisebri SuaSi RariT
n ~ ~
with a chute
~ ~ ~ ~ wiboTi n ~ ~ with an arris
along it
~ ~ maryuJisebri n loop ~
~ ~ milisebri Tarazuli n canonshaped ~
~ ~ orluliani n double-barreled ~
~ ~ ormagi
n double-loop ~
~ ~ ~ grexili n double-twisted loop ~
~ ~ pirsa da mxarze n handle linking rim
and shoulder
~ ~ rqebiani n horned ~
~ ~ rqisebri,uxeSi n boast horned ~
~ ~ sakidi
n ~ for hanging up=hanging up handle
~ ~ ~ rgolebi n pl carrying/holding
rings
~ ~ Sverili n ledge,lug,handle
~ ~ Sveulad gaxvretili n vertically pi-
erced handle
~yuris narCeni n stamp (iof the handle)
~Sekowiweba=aRdgena v ger n gum(ing),
restore/restoration
~SemorCenili nawili n (p)reserved
part/section
~Sidapirze adv on the interior/inside
~Sidapiri n inner (sur)face,interior
~Sua nawili n middle part
~cxviri n spout
~Zir-gverdi n bottom and side piece/
section
~Ziri(ix.fskeri) n bottom,floor,resting
surface
~ ~ garedan n underside
~ ~ ~ brtyeli n flat ~
~ ~ ~ gamoburculi n protruding ~
~ ~ ~ Sezneqili n bent inwards ~
~ ~ ~ qusliani
n ring-based ~
~wveti
n point
~ wibo
n arris
~xazebad gamowva v streak-burnish
~xufi
n lid
WuWrutana
n peephole
WuWyi(ix.feri)
n dirth,drab,filth
~Camjdari n grim
WuWyiani adj dirty,untidy
Wyleta(gaWyleta,daWyleta) v squeeze
WyorduRabi(s)(ix.wyoba) n adj quarry
stone/rubble masonry
x
xadumi
n maid of honour
xavsebi(mcenare) n Sphagnum,sphagos/
sphagi (Lat.sing/pl)
xavsi(ani)
n adj moss(y)
xazgasma(ix.xazi) v n accentuate(ion),highlight,mark,(over)emphasize,stress,underline
xazgasmuli adj accentuated,emphasized,
delineated,stressed,underlined
xazva v n lune drawing
xazze dawyoba v form a line,(in the) line
xazi n line
~gadabmis ~ juncture
~gamyofi adj clear/deviding ~(between)
~gverdiTi adj sideline
~zusti adj exact ~
~kacis
adj male ~
~mTavari n mainstreem
~mokle n dash
=nakeri
n joint (line)
~naWdevi n incised ~
=rigi
n range of…
245
~talRisebri n rippled ~
~texili
adj broken line
~qalis
adj female ~
~SeerTebis n tie ~
~wyvetili punctured ~
xazina n fisc, fiscus/fisci (Lat.sing/pl)
~saturnis taZarSi n sing/pl Lat. aerarium/aerarii
xazis gavleba v line
~gasma(ix.xazgasma) v emphasize,stress
xazovaneba n liniarity
xazovani adj lined,liniar,ruled
xazSi adv in stroke
xalaTi n robe
xalasi(ix.wminda) adj native,pure,virgin
xalifa n calip=kalip
xaliCa n carpet
~mfrinavi n magic carpet
xalxebis Sereva v demic diffusion
xalxTa adj demic
~gadasaxleba v n re-settle(ment)
~didi ~
n folk movement
xalxi n folk,general population,men,people
~avtoritetuli n authority/authrities
~bareli n pl lowlanders
~bevri/uamravi n scores of people
~daumorCilebeli n unruly people
~erTad Sekrebili n assembled
=eri n nation
=wvrili eri n common people,mob,people of humble birth,plebs/plebes
~meomari n warlike people
~mesaqonle n cattle breeder(s)/men
mTeli ~ the entire ~
~miwaTmoqmedi n farming ~
~msajuli n People's court
~narevi/Sereuli adj admixtured ~
pirveli ~
n proto-folk
=fena n strata
~yvelaze meti n populous sacral strata
~Zveli
n the Ancients
xalxiT gaWedili adj teeming with people
xalxis(ix.RvTis) gadayvana v convey
~gabneva n v dispersal,disperse
~gadaadgileba/moZraoba v n move(ment)
transhumance/transhumant
~gadayvana v human porterage,pass over
~gawyveta v depredate/depredation
~grova/jgufi n collection of people
~erToba n commune,community
~masa n populace
~mozidva v attract people
~niaRvari n stream of people
~Sefareba v harbour
xalxisgan daclili adj depopulated,devastated
xalxuri(ix.xelovneba) adj folk
xamanwka n oyster
xami adj hard,rigid
~tilo(si) n adj unbleached textile
xamli n sing/pl Lat. sandalion/sandalia
xana n age,era,period
~adre(uli) adj early
~ ~ samiwaTmoqmedo adj early agrarian/farming,pre-agricultural
~ufro adreuli
adj earlier
~antikuramdeli adj Preantique=preAntique
~antikuri adj Antique (in Antiquity)
~areulobis adj troubled/unrest times
~arqauli adj Archaic
~aRzevebis adj have one‟ heyday,period of
greatness
~aRmavlobis adj ~ of height
~aRorZinebis adj Renaissance, revival
times
~aRmSeneblobis adj revival times
~ayvavebis adj period/time of flourish/prosper(ity)
~batonobis adj period/times of domination/supremacy
~bneli adj Dark Ages
~brinjao-rkinis adj Bronze-Iron Period
~brinjaosi adj Bronze Age/Period=AB
~adre ~ adj
Early Bronze ~ ~ =EB
~gviani ~ adj
Late
~
~ ~ =LB
~Sua
~ adj
Middle ~ ~ ~ =MB
~gadasvlis adj period of transition/transitional ~
~gamococxlebis adj nourishing/reviving~
~gardamaval(i) adj transitional ~; in transition
~ ~ xanis mdumareba n passing nod
~gardaqmnis adj transformational era
~gafurCqvnis n plentitude of one‟s power
~geometriuli adj Geometric
~gviandeli/gviani adj late(in date),Late
Ages
~ adre ~ adj
early mid…
~ Sua ~ adj
middle late
~gviani adj later,subsequent
~daisi/dasasrulis adj climax,decline/
declining days,end,finish,fall
~dacemis adj climax,down,wane
246
~didebis adj hours of greatness under sb,
greatest days,period of greatness
~dinastiuri adj Dynastic
~eladuri adj Helladic
~elinisturi adj Hellenistic
~eneoliTuri adj Eneolithic
~zeobis adj heyday=hey day,period of
greatness,in one‟s peak/height of reign,
flourish
~klasikuri adj Classic
~mezoliTis adj Mesolithic
~momdevno adj following,succeeding,subsequent
~musties adj Mousterian
~myinvaruli adj Ice Age
~neoliTis(ix.tyis) adj Neolithic
~paleoliTi n adj Palaeolithic
~adre/qveda ~ n adj Early/Lower ~
~gviani/zeda ~ n adj Late/Upper ~=Epipalaeolithic
~ ~ musties varianti adj Clactonian
~zeda ~
adj Upper ~
~qveda ~
adj
Lower ~
~Sua
~
adj
Middle ~
~pirvelobis adj days of one's prime
~plioceni n adj Pliocene
~plio-pleistocenin adj Plio-Pleistocene
~raindobis Age of chivalry
~rkinis adj Iron Age/Period= IA=IP
~ ~adre ~ adj Early Iron Period= EIA=EIP
~ ~gviani ~ adj Late Iron Period= LIA=LIP
~ ~ farTo aTvisebis adj a fully ironworking=Full Iron Age=established ironworking
~spilenZ-brinjaosi adj Copper-Bronze
period
~spilenZ-qvis adj Copper-Stone ~
~spilenZis adj Copper ~
~uadresi adj earliest ~
~udamwerlobo adj Prehistory
~ukeramiko=meTuneobamdeli=winarekeramikuli adj Prepottery period
~uliTono adj Premetal ~
~feodaluri(ix.Sua saukuneebi) adj
Feudal
~qalkoliTis adj Chalcolithic ~
~qvis adj Stone~
~qristianobamdeli=winareqristianuli
Prechristian=pre-Christian ~
~qristianuli adj Christian ~
~SedarebiT mogviano adj later,subsequent
~Sua(ix.Sua) adj middle
~ ~ xanebi n mid ages/years
~carculi adj Cretaceous
~cvlilebebis n adj transformational era
~Zveli adj anciency,Ancient,early
~wina(re)
pref
pre…
xanamde adv prior to N age
xanas wvdeba v span(ing) the period from N
to N
xanaSi adv in the age of.., at the time of…
~da Semdgom adv from/in N age/period
and onwards
Znelbedobis ~ adv in troubled times
xangamZleoba n the lengths of…
xangrZliv(ad) adv continuously, for a long
time,long held/lasting
xangrZliv arsebuli adv (too) long lived
~damkvidrebuli adj long established
xangrZlivi adj continuing/continuous,durable,lasting,long duration(standing,term),
prolonged,protracted,sustained
~rituali n protracted ritual
~sicocxle n lifespan of many centuries/
years,longevity
~tradicia n agelong tradition
xangrZlivoba n continuation,continuity,duration,durability,length of time,longivity,
time scale/span
~ramis n etend of sth
xandazmuli adj aged
xanebamde adv until long ago
xanebi(ix.xana) n pl usu. ages
gviani ~ later age(s)/year(s)
Sua ~ mid ages
~ gviani ~ mid ages/years
Sua xanebis Semdeg after the middle
of N cent/mill
xanebSi adv at N times, in ages
bolo ~ adv in recent years
xanidan(ix.uxsovar) adv from time…
xanis adj of N age/period
~bolo(s)adv (at) the end of period/closing
stage,tail end of the period
~ganmavlobaSi adv over the period
~gviani
~
adj (of) later in date
~dadgoma v advance/advent (of certain
time),arrive/arrival,onset of N period/
time
~dadgomisas with the advent/onset of…
~dasawyisi n by the beginning of N age
~wyvetili n gap,nod(ing),passing nod
xanmokle adj brief,ephemeral,short lived/term
247
not long lasting,succinct(ly)
~gamoCena v n fleeting appearance
xanmokleoba n short-live(d)
xans aklebs(ix.aaxalgazrdavebs) v postdates,makes sth younger
~matebs(ix.aZvelebs) v antedates,makes
sth older
ukanasknel ~ adv lately,recently
xanSi Sesuli adj elderly
mokle ~ in short order
xanZari n conflagration,(wild)fire
xanZarma daasrula v ended in fire
xanZarSi dawva v go up in flames
xao
n pile
xaoiani adj harsh,gritty
xaraCo n brace,scaffold,strut
xarbi(ix.sixarbe)
adj greedy
~Zarcva n rapacious plunder
xareba(bibl)
n the Annunciation
xarvezi(ix.wyvetili) n damage,defect
xari
n bull,ox
~dakodili n bullock
~zodiaqosi n Taurus
~uReli
n yokes-team
~ frTosani n bull-bird
xaris(a) adj ox's, bovine
~Tavi n ox-head
~ ~ qandakeba n sing/pl Lat. bucranium/
bucrane
~rqa/rqis n adj oxhorn
~tyavi(s) n adj bovid,oxhide
~cxviris rgoli n cattle-leader,nose-ring
xarisfaSva(si)(soko) n adj morel
xarisxedi n stepped podium/podia (Lat.
sing/pl)
xarisxi n degree,level,merits,quality,rate,
sort,standard,value
~dabali/mdare adj inferior/low quality
~maRali adj high-quality(rate,standard)
~samecniero n university degree
~umaRlesi adj sth of top quality
~cvalebadi adj varying degree
~cudi
adj inferior quality
xarisxiani adj good quality/standard,high grade
xarisxiT... adv in some degree
xarisxis gauareseba v ageing,drop of standard
xarisxobrivi adj one of degree,qualitative
xarki(s) n adj impost,toll,tribute
~dadeba
v tribute to…
~dakisreba v exact,impose, tribute is led…
~mZime adj heavy tribute
~Semosvla v pour in ~
xaro(ix.ormo,xafangi) n hole,pit
~beRelSi n casemate
~ marcvleulis n granary
~ormoSi marcvleulis n casemate
xar-uremi(ix.uremi) n bullock cart,oxcart
xarSebmuli adj ox-drawn
xarjze vinmesi/ramisa adv on the expence
of sb/sth,owing to…
xasa n concubine
xasiaTi n character,feature,nature
~gansxvavebuli n of different character
~uwyveti n sustained nature
xatva(ix.freska) v ger paint(ing)
~fanqriT
v ger draw(ing)
xati(ix.jvari) n icon
~gamosasvenebeli n Processional Icon
~karedi
n hinged ~
~samsxverplos ukan n altar piece
~xelTuqmneli n the Saviour not made
by hands,the Shroud,imprint on towel,
Ceramyon
xatis Tayvaniscema n ger icon-honouri(ing)
~moWediloba n cope,icon frame-work/
setting
~omfori n riza
xatisuReli(ix.gvergvi) n coil(pendant),
collar,neck-ring
xatmebrZoli n iconoclast
xatmweri
n icon-painter
xatwera n icon-painting
xatovaneba n picturesquessness
xatovani adj ideographic,pictographic,picturesque
xatwera v n icon-paint(ing)
xafangi(ix.xaro)
n v spring,trap
xaxa n jaws,mouth
xaxadaRebuli adj (with) jaws wide open
xdeba(ix.TariRdeba,TariRi) v sth is conducted,between..,sth takes place..,happens…
xe n tree,wood
~buCqi n shrub
~dagrexili n bentwood
~dapobili split wood
~eklebiani thorn tree
~maRali adj high-trunk tree
~napobi=dapobili split wood
~nuJrebiani knot-hole(d)
~tye(ix.xis masala) n adj timber
~ ~ samSeneblo n adj hardwod
248
~wiTeli=uTxovari
n adj mahagony=
Sweitenia mahagony
~wminda n the Holy Tree
xedva n look,opinion,view,vision
xedviTi adj visual
xedvis simkveTre
n ~ clarity
xedi n elevation,outlook,raised plan,scenery,
view(s)
~aerofotoTi n singlr view
~aqsonometriuli adj axonometric ~
~gabatonebuli adj commanding position
~gaswvrivi Wrilis adj cross sectional ~
~geometriuli flat projection
~gverdiTi adj side-on rendering
~grZivi adj longitudinal ~
~zevidan=zedxedi adj plan/top ~
~izometriuli flat projection
~msxvili planiT adj close ~
~nagebobis adj elevation ~
~nawilibrivi Wrilis adj cut-away ~
~perspeqtivaSi adj perspective ~
~sami meoTxedi adj three-quarter ~
~sarkismieri adj opposite hand ~
~ukana adj back elevation/sight
~uknidan adj dorsal/rear ~
~qvevidan adj bottom ~
~Sveuli Wrili/proeqcia adj elevation ~
~STambeWdavi imposing sight
~Sida adj inside ~
~winxedi/frontaluri adj front(al) ~
~WrilSi adj sectional ~
xevi(ix.xeoba) n gully
xeze(ix.amowva,naxati) adv over wood,on
the tree
~gadakruli liToni n beaten bronze/
gold
~gasuli mcenare n arboreal vegetation
~kveTa n wood curving
xeibari adj physically disable
xelapyrobili adj hand lifted up to God
xelaxla adv anew,newly,re-,repeatedly
~ageba/aSeneba v re-build/construct
~aRmoCena v rediscover
~gadakeTeba/mowyoba v n rearrange(ment
~gadamuSaveba naSromis v re-cast/make
~gadanawileba n re-allotment
~gaTxra v n re-excavate(ion)
~gamoyeneba v recycle,re-use,resurrect
~gamoCena v n reappear(ance),reoccure/reoccurrance
~ganawileba v n redistribute(ion),re-divide/
division
~gaxsna v ger re-open(ing)
~daarseba v n refound(ation),re-invent
~dabadeba n re-birth
~dakrZalva v re-bury
~damkvidreba/mowyoba v adj n re-establish(ed)(ment)
~dasaxleba/dapyroba v n reoccupy/reoccupation,resettle(ment)
~daxatva(moxatva,SeRebva) v repaint
~qorwineba v n remarry/remarriage
~Semkoba v n redecorate(ion)
~SemoReba ramis v n reintroduce/reintroduction
~Seswavla v re-examine(ation)
~Seqmna v reinvent(ion)
~warmoeba v n reproduce/reproduction
~xseneba repeated mention/reference
xelborkili n handcuffs,wristlet
xeldasma v impose,ordain
xelebaweuli adj sb with hands raised,outstretch above head
xelebgaSverili adj outstretched hands
xelebCamoSvebuliadj arms hanging at sides
xeleuri n sheaf
xeleCo n axe
xelT adv available,hold(in hand),have got,
at the hands of sb,sth in one‟s custody
~upyria clatch(grasp,hold)(ing)
~ ~ teritoria eg. Georgia-held
~ ~ Zalaufleba v power lay in the hands of sb
xelTaa(vinmesi) in one‟s custody
xelTaTmani n mitten
~TiTebiani n glove
xeli=mtevani(ix.SiSveli) n hand
~ar migviwvdeba sth is not available
~gauwafavi adj inexpertly (done),unskilled,
unskilful
~gawafuli adj dab hand
~TiTebmoxrili adj clenched ~
oqros ~ adj skilful fingers
xelidan gaSveba v miss(a chance)
xeliT nakeTebi adj handmade
~Sroma manual work
~wvdoma
v grasp
xelis gawvdenaze adv closer at hand
~Txova v ask hand in marriage,offer of marriage,propose/proposal
~miwvdena v access,reach
~mowera v affix,endorse,put one's signature,sign,subscribe
~rgoli n bangle
249
~Sevleba v touch
~SemSleli adj hampering,hindering,hampering,hindering,preventive,baffling/
complicating factor,impeding
~SeSla n v disadvantage,hamper,handicap,
hinder,preclude,prevent,prohibit,thwart,
be at pains to thwart
~Sewyoba v n assist(ance),promote(ion),
support,stimulate,fuel,contribute
~
~ ganviTarebis v foster
~
~ ramiT v prompt
~
~ =daCqareba v precipitate
~
~ raRac mimarTulebiT n propel sb
towards…
~ Cavleba v grasp,hold,thrust
~CamorTmeva v shake/sieze hands
~Casavlebi n attachment for grasping,aid
hafting,hand grasping
xelisguli n palm
xelismomkide n best man
~patarZlis n braidsmaid,maid of honour
xelisufali n authority,lord
xelisufleba n authorize/authority,power(s),
rule
~damkanonebeli adj validating authority
~saero adj temporal power
~umaRlesi
adj supremacy
~Canasaxovani adj fledging authority
xelisufalni n pl the powers that be…
xelisuflebaSi mosvla v come to power
~mosvlis pretenzia n claim to authority
~yofna v be in power
xelisuflebidan CamoSoreba v remove sb
from power
xelisuflebis gadavardna(ix.floba,xelSi) v extinguish
~damxoba/Camogdeba v breakdown,collapse
extinguish,overthrow,topple
~morCileba n allegiance,be loyal(ty)
~morCili adj be in sb's power/under power,be loyal
~niSani/simbolo n emblem of power,
insignia(pl usu),symbol (of authority),staff
~sajdomi n seat of power
~qveS adv under sb's power/a rule
~ ~ gaerTianeba n unify under a rule
~xelSi Cagdeba v sieze power
xelmeored(ix.xelaxla) adv once again
xelmisawvdomi adj accessible,attainable,
avaiable,readily,preaccessible,tangible
xelmisawvdomoba n accessibility,availability
xelmiuwvdomeli adj unavailable
xelmokleoba
n penury
xelmosakidi n boss,grasping,knob
xelmowera(ix.xelrTva) v n sign,signature
xelmoweriT... adj signed by sb
~da beWdiT adj signed and sealed
xelmwife n emperor,sovereign
xelmwifeba n autocracy,imperialty,reign
xelmwifebrivi adj kingly,regal,stately
xelmwifoba n v reign
xelnakeTi adj handmade,handicraft,handiwork manuals (n pl)
xelnaweri(ix.xelwera) n draught(BrE),draft
(AmE), hard copy,(manu)script
~gaurkveveli adj illegible
~TeTri n fair copy
~Savi
n rough ~
xelnaweris gamravleba
v mamfold
~Semkoba(ferebSi) v n illuminate(ion)
xelnawerSi adv in draft
xelnaxlebi adj damaged,disturbed
xeloba n craft(of sth),skill,trade
~daxvewa ger mastering
~daxvewili adj (sth made in) highest skill
xelobiT... adv (shoemaker) by trade
xelovaneba n arts and crafts,artistry,craft,facility,prowess,proficiency,human ingenuity,skill,workmanship
xelovneba n (fine)art(s),the arts field
~gamoyenebiTi adj applied/decorative arts
~ganzrax Seqmnili n deliberately contrived
hybrid art
~Tanamedrove adj contemporary art
~keTebis/qmnis n skill
~mdabiuri adj plebeian/popular art
~modernizmi n modernity
~monumenturi n monumental art
~mcire plastika n minor art
~omis n art of warfare
~oficialuri n official art
~plastikuri adj plastic arts
~sabrZolo
adj martial ~
~saeklesio adj ecclesiastical ~
~saero
adj secular art
~samSeneblo adj architecture,civil engineering
~sanaxaobrivi n visual art
~saxviTi adj pictorial arts
~ferwera n decorative arts
~cxenosnobis n horsemanship
~Weduri adj relief work
~WeSmariti adj sublime art
~xalxuri n folk art
250
~xelovnebisaTvis
Art for Art's sake
xelovnebaTmcodne n art critic,master of
arts
xelovnebaTmcodneoba n art criticism
xelovnebis gaCena/Casaxva v (a)rise (of art)
~istoria n history of art
~istoriuli buneba n art-historical nature
of sth
~mimdinaeoba n artistic school
~mcire nimuSi n mobiliary
~nimuSTa aralegaluri bazari n clandestine art market
~ ~ warmoeba n artistic production
~nawarmoebi/nimuSi n art object/work,mastearpiece,object/work of art
~skola n school of arts
~stili n art-style
~taZari n shrine of arts
~forma n art form,mode of art
xelovnuri
adj artificial,not natural
xelovnuroba n artificiality
xelosanTa uxucesi n Gr. ergasteriarchos
xelosani n artisan,craftsman
~damRa n craftsman's mark
~xalxi n craftspeople
xelosnebi n craftspeople
= xalxi n artisanship
xelosnoba=xeloba n artisanship,crafts
xelosnobis kulti n mastery cult
~nawarmi n craft product(s)/production,
craft item
~nimuSi n masterpiece of craftsmanship
~niWi n craft skill
xelosnuri saqmianoba n craft activity
~warmoeba n craft industry/production
xelrTva v n sign(ature)
xelsafqvavi n grainrubber,handmill
~qvis
n quern
xelsaqme n (handi)crafts(embroidery,knitting
sewing)
xelsayreli adj apt,auspicious,convenient,
condictive,desirable,favourable
xelsayreloba n desirebility
xelsawyo(ebi) n machine(s),tool(s)
~gamsworebeli n straightener
~damxmare n facilities
~damWeri
n holder
~Tixis dasamzadebeli n clay modeling
tool
~iaraRis damzadeba v tool working
~ mzomi
n gauge
~ramis dasamzadebeli n processing tool
~samedicino n instrument
~sameuneo n implement
~saprialebeli n burnisher,polisher
~saWiro
n requisite tool
~sxva xelsawyos gasakeTebeli n medidium for tool technology
~ufro mZime saqmisTvis n heavy-duty tool
xelsawyoze xmarebis kvali n notched tool,signs of wear
xelsawyos mkeTebeli/ostati n toolmaker
~xmareba n tool
~xmarebis kvali n tool mark(s)
xeluxlebeli(ix.uZravi) adj complete,intact,underspoiled,undisturbed,untouched,virginal, sth in the native state,untouchable
xelyofa
v n deprive,encroach(ment)
xelSekruleba n agreement,contract,conven
tion,pact
~samSvidobo n treaty
~Sesworebuli adj amended
xelSekrulebis dadeba v bond
~dacva/Sesruleba v n observe/observation
xelSeuvali adj kept,preserved,untouchable
~samuzeumo faseulobani n pl usu.
inalienable museum values
xelSeuxebeli adj (the) untouchable(s)
xelSubi(ix.Subi) n lance,javeline
xelSubispiri(ix.Subispiri) n lancehesd
xelculi(ix.culi) n handaxe/stone
xelwera(ix.xelnaweri) n handwriting
~gaurkveveli adj indecipherable ~
xeoba(ix.mdinaris,xevi) n basin,gorge,pass,
ravine
xeobis yeli(ix.gza) n notch
xergili n obstacle
xerTvisi n confluence,influx
xerxemali(ix.Zvali) n back-bone,spinal
column,vertebra/vertebrae (n sing/pl Lat)
~mkerdis nawili n breast part
~welis nawili
n lumbar ~
xerxva v ger saw(ing)
xerxi n saw,means(method,way)of practice,
technique
~damagrebis(zevidan) n method of hafting/mounting on
= manera,meTodi,saSualeba n method/
way of solution
~SeerTebis n jointing method,juncture
xerxkbila(si)(mc) n adj Screnata Lat.
xetiali v potter(ing) about,roam,wander at
random
251
xe-tye/tyis n adj lumber, timber
~avejis/samSeneblo n adj hardwood
~dacureba v n drift
xvadi
n adj male
xvavi(ix.simdidre) v n heap
xvarTqla(si)(balaxi)
n adj convonvulus
xvedri(ix.wili) n destiny,doom,fate,fortune,
the lot of sb
xveva v ger curl(twine,twit,wind)(ing)
xveta v ger sweep(ing)
xveulebi n pl scrolls
xveuli n curl,curve,ringlet,rolling,scroll
adj curlicue,curvilinear
=grexili adj winding,wreathen
=daxveuli adj enwinded,twisted,winding
~Tma n curley(curled,twisted,waved) hair
~kibe
n wrought staircase
~niJaris n wreath
~oTxmagi n quadruple spiral
~ ~ firfita ~
plaque
~ornamenti/samkauli adj torque
xvewi n racloir,scraper
xvia n cartouche,curlicue,helix/helices(n sing/
pl Lat),roll,scroll,spiral,tendril,torque,
rolling,volute,whorl
~zanuri/zenuri n double curl(scroll,volute),running spiral
~naxevari n half spiral/volute
~ormagxvia n double ~ ~
~foTlovani n leafy tendril
xviara adj creeping
~mcenare n clinging/creeping plant
xvinWa/xvinWis n adj grit,pebbles
xvinWanarevi(ix.Tixa) adj pebble-dash
xvirTqli(s)(minerali) n adj meerschaum
xvna(ix.naxnavi) v n cultivate/cultivation,till
~naxnavi tiled field
xvreli n aperture,breach,hole,hollow,perforation,vent
~amovseba v insert
~mZarcvelis robber-trench
xvreta v ger bore(drill,hole,prick)(ing)
xidi n bridge
~asawevi n draw/hoist ~
~bondis/dakidebuli n suspension ~
~gadasakidi bogiri n foot-bridge,
gang-way
~TaRisebri/morkaluli n hogged ~
~ZelebiT gakeTebuli n stringer ~
~ximinjebze n pier ~
xidis burji/sveti n pier,pile
~gadeba v bridge
~TaRi/Tvali n ~ arch
~mala n span
~savali nawili n stringer,superstructure
~ube
n bay
xiT SeWedili adj timbered,wooden-cored
xiTxuro=durgali n carpenter
xiTxurooba=durgloba n carpentry
xili(s) n adj fruit
~baRi n orchard
~gaTla v peel
~kunwula
swag of fruit
ximinji(ix.saxli,xidi) n stake, pila/pilae
(n sing/pl Lat)
~wyalSi n pile
xis adj of wood,timber,wood(en)
~boZi/sveti n pillar
~burbuSela n pl usu. shavings
~damuSaveba n carpentry,woodworking
~zrdis rgolebi n annular/growth rings
~Tla v ger trim(ing)
~kveri=CaquCi n mallet,punch
~korZi n knot hole
~kunZi/mori n log
~ ~ fesvebiT n tree-stump
~lursmani n wooden pin
~masala n adj timber
~moWra v ger fall(ing)
~nakeTobani n carpentry,woodwork
~narCeni nivTSi n stump
~nawili rbilobsa da naqurTens Soris
n adj heart wood
~naxSiri(s) n adj charcoal
~nuJri n knob,hob
~reliefi n wooden relief
~rkali n treering
~safeni n planking/timber flooring
~sveti(ix.saxli) n pillar
~tani n stock,trunk
~tari n butt
~taxti n tresle-bed
~tyavi=qerqi n adj rind
~cikli n annual growth cycle
~Ziri n stem
~wliuri rkali n girdle
~xuroTmoZRvreba n wooden architecture
xisti adj hard
xifTani n short robe
xiSti n bayonet
xiwvi n splinter
xleba v n accompany,attend(ance)
xma(ix.RvTis) n v sound,voice
~bani dabali n Ital. baritone
252
~ ~ maRali
n Ital. bass
~gadamwyveti adj casting/deciding vote
~gamyivani n Ital. tenor
~dvrini n Ital. bass profundo=profondo
~diskanti
n Ital. treble
~zili
n Ital. contralto
~krini n Ital. soprano
~moguduli
hollow sound
xmali n saber,sword
~gorda n single bladed sword
~sisxliT gausvreli n maiden ~
xmara/xmareba v n employ/employment,use
~grZeldeba v be in use,continues in use,
persists
~saxelis/sityvis arasworadn misnomer
~farTo v widespread use
xmarebaSi darCena v persists
~Semosvla come in(to) use
xmarebidan amoReba/gamosuli v adj outmode(d),obsolete,sth ceased to be used,
drop/go out of use,
xmarebis kvali n sign(s) of use/work
~xangrZlivi n have long be used
xmeleTi n earth
xmeleTiT(ix.zRviT) adv valley communication routs
xmeleTis
adj
terrestrial
xniT adv for(long,short) time/period of time
~adre
adv long before
xnis(a) adj …old (eg. decades-old)
Sua ~
middle age(d)
xnuli n farrow
xonCa n tray
xoragi n viants,victuals
xorbali/xorblis(ix.TavTuxi,jejili) n
adj club wheat,Triticum (Lat)
~magarin adj flint/ hard wheat,Triticum durum
~mdare n adj Lat. Triticum vulgare vill
~orTesliani/ormarcvala n adj emmer,
Triticum Schubl/tugidum dicoccoides
~puris n adj bread wheat,Triticum sp.
~rbili n adj soft wheat=einkorn,Triticum
cum aestivum/monococum (Lat)
~Rivi(s) n adj germ
xorbliT vaWroba v corn/grain trade
xorklebiani adj bumpy
xorklianoba n scaliness
xorci(s) n adj flash, meat
xorcieldeba... is underway to do sth
xorcieli adj carnal desire/pleasure
~garyvna/wabilwva n v carnality,carnalize,carnalization
xorcsavse adj ample body
xorcSesxma v n embody(ment),incarnate/incarnation
xorcSesxmuli adj embodied,incarnated
xotba
n eulogy,motto,praise
xotbis Sesxma v n libate/libation,praise
xocva-Jleta n v butchery,massacre,slaughter
xowi n adz
xoWo(romelic anadgurebs nivTebs miwaSi) n wireworm
xrami n gully
=naRvarevi
n silt,torrent
xreSi(s) n adj chad,gravel,grit,pebble
xrova n pack
xrtili n cartilage,tendon
xrtilovani adj cartilaginous
xseneba v cite,(make a) mention/reference
~araa v there is no reference there to sth
~xelaxla v repeated mention/reference
xsenebis gareSe v without reference to sth
xsenebul iyavn...
prayed for him/her
xsenebuli adj cited, mentioned
xsna n v boon,deliver sb from sth,rescue sb
from sth, salve/salvation
xsnari(s) n adj mixture,mortar,plaster
~alizis/Tixis n adj clay mortar
~Tixis clay mortar
~Txeli n adj watery ~
~kiris/kirxsnari n adj lime ~
~samSeneblo n adj grout,mortar
~sqeli n adj hard mortar
~Semkvreli n adj bind(cement,connect)
necting) ~
~Sesalesi=baTqaSi
n staff
~hidravlikuri n adj hydraulic grout=
opus signinum (Lat),water mortar
xsnariT galesva v plaster,smear
~Semtkicebuli adj held together with mortar,cemented with..,reinforced by sth,
stabilize with sth,superimpose and stabilize with mud mortar
xsnaris gamagreba v ger harden(ing)
xsnili n break of the fast=breakfast
xsnilis bolo dRe n last day before fast
xsovna n memory/memories
~da ar daviwyeba (as) a tribute to the memory of (the) dead
xsovnisadmi miZRvnili eg.tribute concert
xsomeba v bear in mind
xuTTavi n Pentateuch
xuTSabaTi(iupiterisa,afrodite) n
253
Thursday
didi ~ Moundy Thursday
xuTkuTxa adj pentagonal
xuTkuTxedi n pentagon
xundi n stock
xurda(ix.fuli,qva) n change
xuroTmoZRvreba(ix.saeklesio,samxedro)
n architecture
~saero n civil ~
xuroTmoZRvruli adj architectural
~aJuruli/Wviruli n tracery
xurtkmeli(s) n adj gooseberry (bush)
xurxumi(s)(mcenare) n adj Salsola nodulusa
xurjini n saddle/shoulder bag
xufi n cover,lid
xucesi n priest
xuWuWi adj curly,scroll
xSuli adj tight(y)
~ brigada
n brigade
~ garnizoni n garrison
~daqiravebuli/moqiravne adj auxiliary/
hired army,mercenary
~divizia n battalion
~korpusi n pl only corpses
~msubuqi cxenosani light horse cavalry
~polki n regiment
~saxmeleTo n ground forces
~spiloebze
n elephantry
~qveiTi n sing/pl infantryman/men
~cxenosani n cavalry
~ ~ da fexosani horse and foot army
~Zlieri n formidable
jaridan daTxova v release from service
jaris ganlageba v n distribute/distribution
~gaSla v n develop(ment),deploy(ment)
~dabanakeba v n garrison,station
~Tavmoyra v mass an army
~kaci n soldier,warrior
~ ~ ajanyebuli nawilidan n guerrilla
~saTaveSi sb set out at the head of army
~ukandaxeva v draw back
~Sekreba v master an army
~Semowyoba v enclose,siege,surround
~Seqmna
v set up
~Cayeneba v n station
jarima/dajarimeba n v penalty,penalize
jarSi gawveva v n recruit(ment)
~samsaxuri v n serve,service
jafara n jay
jayva n penknife
jaSuSad gadabireba v n recruit(ment)
jaSuSi/jaSuSoba n v ger spy(ing)
jaWvze dakideba v hang by chains
jaWvi(s)
n adj chain
~perangi n coat of chainmail,cuirass,mail,
shirt of mail hauberk
~perangiani adj sb mailed
~rgoli n link
jgufad adv in group,grouped,claster in
groups,cluster of sth/around sth
jgufi n body,collection,group,team
~sagnebis/Senobebis n cluster of…
~ucxo n outlier group
~Semswavleli n study group
~ZiriTadi n core ~
jgufurad adv in clastered composition
jgufuri adj clastered
jdeba(ix.TariRi) v falls(is placed,lies)
within the confines,embed,fit in sth
~saerTo suraTSi fit into picture
j
jagarayrili/aSlili adj disheveled
jagari n bristles
jagnari n shrubbery,bush,young forest
jagrcxila/rcxilis n adj (wood of)
hornbeam tree=Carpinus orientalis
jado n charms,magic(no pl),wizardry
~gakeTeba v bedevil
~sityva magic word
jadoTi Sekvra v exorcise=exorcize,spell
jadosnoba=jadoqroba v junx,sorcery,
witchcraft,wizardry
jadosnuri=jadoqruli
adj magic
jadoqari n magician,warlock,wizard
~qali n witch
javari(ani)
n adj waviness,wavy
javSani(ix.abjari) n armour,cuirass
~kibosi n crust
~kusi
n shell
~qvis n stone shell
javSnosani mxedari
n cuirassier
jalaTi n executioner
~sikvdilmisjilis n executor
janjafili(s) n adj ginger, Zingiber officenale Lat.
jara
n spinning wheel
~eqimi n water-caster
jargvali n reed-lined adoby,log cabin
jarTi(s) n adj scrap iron
jari n army,military,troops
~aqlemebze n camelry
~batalioni n battalion
~ batalionis nawili n company
254
jebiri(ix.mdinaris) n dam,dike=dyke,weir
jejili n pl usu. corn-shoots
jvalo(si) n adj sackcloth
jvaredi n cross
~gulisebri n heart-shped ~
jvaredinad adv crosswise,crucially
~Sekruli adj cross-hafted
jvaredini adj cross,crusial
~damowmeba literaturis v cross-reference
jvarze gakvra=jvarcma v n crucify,crucufixion
jvarTamaRleba
n the Ascenssion,Exaltation of the Cross
jvari(ix.xati) n Cross
~bolnuris msgavsi n Maltian/Maltese ~;
pattee
~gamosasvenebeli n Processional ~
~mkerdsakidi n breast/pectoral ~
~ormagi n the Diesis
~sawinamZRvro n Distinguished Service=
=Processional ~
=svastika n swastika pelta
~cxovelmyofeli n the Life-Giving ~
~wminda andriasi n Saltire
~wminda=egvipturi=sicocxlis simbolo
n Ankh-Ankh
jvarosani n crusader
= mcenare n sing/pl Lat. adj Crucifera/
Cruciferae
jvarosnuli laSqroba n crusade
~msvleloba n procession
jvridan gardamoxsna v descent from the
Cross deposit/deposition
jvriT dalocva v n sain(liness)
~jvris gamosaxva v touch Cross with
the image of Cross
jvris mklavi n transept
~tani n stem,trunk
jvrisebri=jvaruliadj cross-like,cruciform
jvriswera n wedding ceremony
jidao(ix.caluReli)
n withers yoke
jildo/dajildoeba n v award,reward
~omSi gamarjvebisa n decoration,trophy
jiqi n ounce,snow leopard
jiRa n crown
jiSi(s) n breed, species(pl.usu),pedigree
~adgilobrivi n home grown
~gamoyvana v breed,nurture
jiSiani adj high/pure bred
jixvi n Caucasian goat,ibex/ibices Lat.
jijilaya/jijilayis n adj amaranth=Am-
aranthus gen. Lat
jogi n drove,herd
jori n hinny,mule
joriskuda(si)=SviTi(s)
n adj
horse-tail=
mare's tail
n adj coltsfoot
joristerfa(si)
joxi n stick,staff
jojgina n brace,strut
jojoxeTi(s) n adj hell,inferno,Hell
~zRurbli/karibWe n limbo
jojoxeTuri adj hellish
jojoxeTSi STavardna v burn in Hell,the
Harrowing to Hell
jurRmuli n (confine in) dungeon
juRa(ix.wida) n clinker,slag
juja n squat
h
haergamwmendi xvreli n air-shaft/vent
haerze gamoSroba/gamomSrali v adj airdry(dried)
haeri(s)
n adj air
~buSti(liTonSi,minaSi) n bubble,blister
~gamWvirvaloba n serenity
~SekumSva v trap
haerovani
adj ethereal,flimsy,insubstantial
haerovneba n ethereality
haersadeni n blast
hava n climate
~zomieri adj temperate ~
~mSrali adj arid
~naxevrdmSrali adj semiarid
~naleqiani/wvimiani adj pluvial
~nestiani/notion adj humid,moist,sodden,
wet
~rbili adj mild
~civi
adj cold ~
~cxeli adj hot ~
haramxana n harem
harmonia(Si) n (in) harmony
harmoniulad adj harmoniously
harmoniuli adj harmonious
haji(adamiani) n Hadji
~meqaSi n hadj
hegemoni
n hegemon
hematiti(s) n adj haematite=hematite
hemitetartemorioni(moneta) n sing/pl
hemitetartemorion/hemitetartemorioni Lat
heptarqia n heptarchy
heraldi
n herald
heraldika n blazonry,heraldics
heraldikuri adj heraldic
255
kuTvnilebiTi saxelebi
n sing/pl Lat. herma/
hermae
hermafroditi n adj hermaphrodite
herodeze sastiki adj out- Herod
herodesaviT sastiki n Herodean
hercogi(ix.Tavadi)
n Duke
hetera n hetaira
heqsametri n hexameter
heqtari n hectare=ha
hibridi/hibriduli n adj hybrid
hidravlikuri(ix.xsnari) adj hydraulic
hilza n case
(h)ili(s) n adj cardamon
himationi n himation
himnebis wigni n hymnal
himni n chant,hymn
~saeklesio n gradual
~saxelmwifo n anthem
hipetraluri adj hypaetral
hipoTeza(ix.samuSao) n sing/pl Lat.
hypothesis/hypotheses,speculation
~gamoTqma v hypothesize
hipoTeturad adv hypothetically,tentatively
hipoTeturi adj hypothetic,tentative
hipostili/hipostiluri n adj hypostyle
holistikuri adj holistic
holokosti(ix.yvelafris dawvis wesi)
n Holocaust
homogenuroba n homogeneity
hopliti n sing/pl Lat. hoplete/hoplitai
horeliefi n high relief
horizontaluri=Tarazuli adj horizontal,level
horizonti n horizon
~zeda n surface
~ samSenebli/sacxovrebeli n level,
phase
~qveda n subsurface
humanitaruli adj humanitarian
~dargebi n scholarship
~dargebis mecnieri n scholar
humanuri adj humane
humanuroba n humanity
huni n Hun
herma(hermesis Tavi)
a
aaron
Aaron
abazgi
Abazgio (Gr), Abazgi (Lat)
abazgeTi
Abazgia
abdalonimus
Abdalonymus
abe (apolonis orakuli)
Abae
abel
bibl.
Abel
abesalom
bibl.
Absalom
abia
bibl.
Abijah
abigail=abigeil
bibl.
Abigail
abimeil
bibl.
Abimmail
abisinia=eTiopia bibl. Abyssinia
abiud
bibl.
Abiud
abraam
bibl.
Abram=Abraham
abu zimbel
Abu Simbel
agaTarqide
Agatharchides
agaTia sqolastikosi Agathias Scholasticos
agaTokle
Agathocles
agaTon
Agathon
agamemnon
Agamemnon
agariste
Agariste
agia triada
Hagia Trias-Ados=(H)agia
Triadha
agrikola
Agricola
agripa
Agrippa
agripina
Agrippina
ada
bibl.
Adah
adad
bibl.
Admah; Adad=Addu
(warmarTuli)
adadnirari
Adadnirari
adam
bibl.
Adam
adonis
Adonis (adonic)
adrian
(H)adrian
adriane
Adrian=Hadrian(us)
adrianes vila
Villa Adriana
adrianipolis
Adrianople=Adrianopolis
adriatikis zRva Adriatic Sea=Issa
ae=aia
Aea
aecius=ecius
Aetius
avan
bibl.
Javan
avgias Tavla Aegean Stables
avguste=avgustus
Augustus
avgustine (netari) Augustinus Sanctus=St
avenariusi
Avenarius
aviane
Avianus
avinioni
Avignion
avitus
Avitus
avicena/avicene
Avicenna=Ibn Sina
256
avreliane=aureliane
Aurelian
avreliusi
Aurelius
avrora
Aurora
avstralopiteki
Australopitekos
avRaneTi
Afganistan
azerbaijaneli
Azeri
azia
Asia
~mcire
Asia Minor
azo
Azo
azovi
Azov
azor
Azor
aTanadore
Athanadorus
aTanadore rodoseli Athanadorus of
Rhodes
aTanase aleqsandrieli
Athanasius of
Alexandria
aTena
Athena
aTena palada Athena Pallas ados=Pallados
aTena prTenonis
Athena Parthenos
aTeneli/aTenuri
Athenian
aTeneumi
Atheneum
aTeni
Athnae=Athens
aTonis iverTa monasteri
Hagion Oros
aTonis mTa
Mount Athos
aTqalaqi
Decapolis
ai
Ai
ai-eT Tel
Ai-Et Tell
ai xanum
Aï Khanoum
aia triada
Ayia=Hayia Triadha
aieti
Aeetes=Aietes
akvila
Aquila
akvilea
Aquileia
akvil(us) mani(us)
Aquilius Manius
akvinkum(i)
Aquincum
akvitania
Aquitania
akraga
Acragas
akusile argoseli Akusilaos of Argos
alalaxi=alalahi Alala(k)h
alamani
Alamanni
alan(eb)i
Alan(i)
alaja huiuki
Alaça Hüyük/Höyük
alah(i)
Al-lah
albinus=alsinus
Albinus=Alcinous
alepo
Alep(po)=Haleb
aleqsandre didi/makedoneli
Alexander
the Great=Alexander of Macedon
aleqsandre severosi Alexander Severus
aleqsandria
Alexandria
aleqsi
bibl.
Alexios=Alexius
aliSar huiuki
Alishar Höyük
alkamene
Alkamenes
alkibiade
Alcibiades
alkmeniande
Alkmaeonidae
al mina
Al-Mina
altamira
Altamira
alJiri
Algeria
amazaspi
Amazaspus
amaTefelni bibl.
Hemathite
amani
Amman
amastrisi
Aastris
ambrozi
Ambrose
ambrozia
Ambrosiae
ambrozio kontrini
Ambrozio Contrini
ambrosi=ambrozius
Ambrosius
ambrosi milaneli
Ambrose of Milan
amiane marcelini Ammianus Marcellinus
aminadab
Amminadab
amirani=promeTe
Prometheus
amon
bibl.
Amon
amonios saka
Ammonios Sakkas
amonios hermia
Ammonios Hermias
amoniusi
Ammonius
amorgos
Amorgos
amoreveli
Amorean=Amorite
amos
Amos
amuki
Amuq
amuru
Amurry
amfipolis
Amphipolis
amfitus(i)
Amphitus
ana
bibl.
Hanna(h)
anabazisi
Anabasis
anakofia
Anakopia
anakreon(i)
Anacreon
anakreonti
Anacreont
anastasi(os)
Anastasios
anastasi(us)
Anastasios=Anastasius
anatolia
Anatole; Anatolia (Gr);
Anadolu (Turk)
anaqsagora/anaqsagore Anaxagoras
anaqsimandre
Anaximander
anaqsimene
Anaximenes
anahita
Anahita
angelosebis dinastia
Angeloi
angicia
Angitia
angora=Ankara
Angora=Ankara
andaluzia
Andalusia
andoside
Andocides
andreas grifiusi Andreas Gryphius
andria kreteli
Andreas of Kresios
andria pirvelwodebuli Andrew the Pillar
Apostle
andrias (wm) jvari
Saltire
andromaqe
Andromachus
andromeda
Andromeda=Andromede
257
andonike kiroseli
Andronicus of Cyrrus
andrinike rodoseli Andronicus of Rhodes
anTemius
AAnthemius
anTeos/anteos
Antheus=Antaios
anTimoz iverieli
Antim Iverianul
ani(si)
Ani(s)
aniTa/anita
Anitta
anisete
Anicetus
ankus marcius
Ancus Marcius
anona
Annona
anJu
Anjou
anselm(i)
bibl.
Anselm
antigon gonaTa
Antigonus Gonatas
antigon calTvala Antigonus One-Eyed
antigone
Antigone
antimaqe/antimaqos
Antimachus
antinoe
Antinous
antipolis(i)
Antipolis
antiope
Antiope
antioqia
Antioch(eia)
antioqe/antioqos
Antiochus
antioqos askaloneli Antiochus of Ascalon
antitavros(i)
Anti-Toros/Taurus
antifane
Antiphanes
anton(i)
bibl.
Antony
antonia
Antonia
antoninianTa dinastia Antonine
antoninianus
Antoninianus
antonius(i)
Antony
antonius lucius(i)
Antonius Lucius
antonius markus(i) Antonius Marcus=Mark
Antony
antonius pius(i)
Antonius Pius
antoniusis kedeli Antonine Wall=Wall of
Antoninus
anqialos
Anchialus
apolinarius(i)
Apollinarius
apolodor damaskeli Apollodorus of Damascus
apolon(ios) rodoseli
Apollonius of
Rhodes/Apolonii Rhodii
apolon Hhegemoni Apollo Hegemon
apolonia
Apollonia
apolonis(a)
Apollinaris
apolonis dResaswaulebi Apollinares
apolonis taZari
Apollinare
apolonius
Apollonius
apoqsimene
Apoxymenes
apuleus(i)
Apuleius
apuleus seqstus(i)
Apuleius Sextus
apulia
Apulia
Puglia
Appian
Appia(n) Way (Eng); Via Appia
(Lat)
arabuli qveynebi
Middle East
aragvi
Aragus=Aragvi
aradelni
Arvadite
aram(i)
Aram=Ram
arameuli
Aramaic
arganTonius(i)
Arganthonius
argonavti
Argonaut
argonavtika
Argonautica
argos(i)
Argos=Argus
ardaSir(i)
Ardashir
ares
Ares
arete
Aretas
arzrumi
Erzurum
ariadne
Ariadne
ariadnes gorgali Ariadne‟s clew
ariane
Arrian
ariane flavius
Arrianus Flavius
arianeloba/arianizmi Arianism
aristagore
Aristagoras
aristarq(os)
Aristarchus
aristarq kolxeli Aristarchus of Colchian
aristarq samoTrakieli
Aristarchus of
Samothrace
aristarq samoseli Aristarchus of Samos
aristeqmos
Aristaechmus
aristide
Aristides
aristobol(i)
Aristobolus
aristokle
Aristocles
aristomaqe
Aristomachus
ariston qioseli
Ariston of Chios
aristotele
Aristotle
aristotelianoba
Aristotelianism
aristofane
Aristophanes
aristoqsene
Aristoxenus
arkadia
Arcadia
arkadius(i)
Arcadius
armagedon(i)
bibl.
Armageddon
armazcixe
Harmozika
arran
bibl.
Haron
arsen iyalToeli
Arsen of Ikalto
arsesilos
Arcesilaus
arsesilos sineli
Arcesilaus Cyrene
arsinea
Arsineous
arsinoe
Arsinoe=Arsinoë
arslanTefe
Arslantepe
artaban
Artabanus
artavaz(idebi)
Artavasd(es)
artaqse
Artaxes
apuliis
apiane
apiis gza
258
Artaxerxes
Artaxias
Artemis
Artemidorus of
Ephesus
artoke
Artoces
arukeveli
bibl.
Artike
arfaqsad
Arphaxad
arqanjelo lamberti Archangelo Lamberti
arqeme
Archemus
arqeopolisi=noqalaqevi=cixe-goji
Archaeopolis
arqileos
Archelaus
arqiloqe/arqiloqos
Archilochus
arqimede sirakuzeli Archumedes of Syracuse
arSak(i)
Arsaces
arSakidi
Arsacid
asa
Asa
asarmoT
bibl.
HHazarmavet
asizi/asisi
Assisi/Asisium
asineveli bibl.
Sinite
asiria/asureTi
Assyria
asklepiade samoseli Asclepiades of
Samos
asklepion(i)
Asclepion
asklepios(i)
Asclepios=Asclepius
asos(i)
Assos=Assus
aspasia
Aspasia
asparuk
Aspsuroukhis/Asparuces
asur/aSur(i)
Assur
asqanaz=aSkenaz(i)
Ashkenaz
ataulfi
Athaulf
atika
Attica
atikeli/atikuri
Attic
atila
Attila
atlanta
Atlanta
atlanti
Atlant=Atlas
atlasis mTebi
Atlas Mountains
atrevsi
Atreus
atropatena
Atropatene
aurelius/avrelius
Aurelius
afrodizia
Aphrodisias
afrodite
Aphrodite
afrodite knideli
A(p)rodite of Cnidos
afsarosi=afsarunti=gonio/md.Woroxi(?)
AApsarus=Apsarunt
afsirte
Apsyrtos=Asyrtus
afSil(eb)i
Apsilae/apsilii
aqadi
bibl.
Accad=Akkad
aqaz
Ahaz
aqea
Achea
artaqserqse
artaqsia
artemida/artemide
artemidore efeseli
aqevelTa/aqeveli
aqemenidi
aqemeniduri
aqilevsi
aqilevsis qusli
aqiles
aqim
bibl.
aqolis/axolis
aRaTi
aRa-mahmad-xani
aSeli(s)/aSeluri
aSkenazi/asqanazi
axaCCarku
axiava
axlamu
axul-abaa
ahuramazda
Achaean
Achaemenide
Achaemenian
Achilles
Achiles tendon
Achillas
Achim
Akholis
Agatha
Aga-Mohammad-Khan
Acheul(ian)
Ashkenaz
Akhachcharku
hhijavā=Ahhiuwa
Ahlamu
Akhul-Abaa
Ahuramazda
b
baal(i)
Baal
baalbek(i)
Baalbek
babilon(i) bibl.
Babylon; Babel (ebr)
babilonis godoli
Babel tower
babilobis oromtriali
Babel
babiSka
Babyshka
balbinusi da pupienusi Balbinus and Pupienus
balTazar(i)
Balthasar=Balthazar
balkaneTi(s) n-k
Balkan Peninsula
barbale
bibl.
Barbara
barTlome
bibl.
Bartholomew
bari
Bari
barnaba
bibl.
Barnabas=Barnaby
baroko
Baroque
barqai
Barqai
basil(i)
bibl.
Basil(ios)
basili kesarieli
Basil of Caesarea
basili sofoneli
Basil from/of Sofene
basili zarzmeli
Basil of Zarzma
baski
Basque
basra
Basra
baqkanalia
Bacchanalia
baqki (kaci/qali)
bacchant(e)
baqtria
Bactria
baRdadi
Bag(h)dad
baxus(i)
Bacchus
beTeli
bibl.
Beth-el=Bethel
beTlemi
bibl.
Bethlehem
beiruTi
Beiruth
beijesulTani
Beyçesultan
belvedere
Belvedere
belujistani
Beluchistan
259
beniamin(i)
bibl.
Benjamin
benediqt
bibl.
Benedict=Benedikt
beotia
Boeotia
berberi
Berber (person/people)
berezani
Berezan
berZeni/berZnuli
Graeco-Greco; Greek
(Br.E)
biblosi
Byblos
biTinia
Bithynia
bizantia
Bizantium=Byzantine
bizantioni
Byzantium
bikenti
Vincent
bil el-quT(i)
Bil El-Qutt
birafaraxi
Biraparakh
biuiuk giuluCek
Büyük Gülüçek
biSapuri
Bishapur
biWvinTa(biWvinta/pitiunti)
Pityuntis=Pitys
boa (dedofali)
Boa
bolduin(i)
Baldwin
bolonia
Bologn
boniface
Boniface
boos
Boaz
borea
Boreas
borisTene
Borysthenes
boskoreali
Boscoreale
bosfori (yirimis) Bosphorus (Crimean)
boRazyoi
Bogazkoy
brindizi
Brindisi(um)
brindiziumi (Teatri) Brindisiumi
brutus(i)
Brutus
buda
Buddah
bukoliki/bukolikuri
Bucolici
bucefali
Bucephalus
samxreTi
Cisalpina
Crdilo
Transalpina
galilea
Galilee
galileveli
Galilean
galus
Gallus
gamalieli
Gamaliel
gamocxadeba bibl. Revelation (the)
ganimede
Ganymedes
gebar
bibl.
Obal
gediqli-Turq
Gedikli-Turk
geTa/geta
Geta
gelasi kesarieli
Gelasius of Caesarea
genua
Genoa=Genua
geoTefe/gioTefe/goiTefe Gëitepe
georg(i)
George
gergesevelni
bibl. Gergasite
gerar
bibl.
Gerar
germania
Germania
germanikus
Germanicus
gibeon
Gibeon
gibraltaris srute the Straits of Gibraltar
gienos(oCamCire)(sTan) Gyenus
ginozar(i)
Ginozar
giozluyule
Gözlü Kule
giorgi kedrene
Georgius Cedrenus
giorgi pasimere
Georgius Pohymeres
gioqsis veli
Göksy Valley
giuldenStadt iohan anton Güldenstaedt
Johan Anton
glicerius
Glycerius
gneus
Gnaeus=Gn
gog(i)
Gog
goTi
Goth
golan(i)
Golan
golgoTa
Calvary=Golgotha
gomora
Gom(m)orah
gonzaga
Gonsaga
gonio
AApsarus/Gonio/Gonyo
gorgipia
Gorgippia
gorgona (meduza)
Gorgo (medusa)
gordia
Gordias
gordias kvanZi
Gordian knot
gordia(ne)
Gordian
godion(i)
Gordion
gotarze
Gotarzes
gra(k)xus
Gracchus
gracian(e)(i)
Gratian
grigol
Gregorius=Gregory
grigol nazianzeli Gregory of Nazianzus
grigol saswaulmoqmedi (?) Gregorius
(ho) Thaumaturgos
grigol sinaiti
Gregorius Sinaites
g
gabla
Gabla
gabriel bibl.
Gabrielle
gai(us)
Gaius
gaius iulius
Gaius Julius
gaius iulius sivilis Gaius Julius Civilis
gaius kaligula
Gaius Caligula
gaius keisari
Gaius Caesar
gaius helvius cina Gaius Helvius Cinna
galaTea
Galat(h)ea
galaTia
Galatia
gale/gali(kibeles qurumi)
Gallae
galenus
Gallienus
galerius
Galerius
gali(adamiani)
Gall
galia
Gallia
narbonis
Narbonensis=Narbonne
260
guadixu
gubaz
gurgen
Guad-vkhu
Gobazes
Gourgenes
diodore sikulus
Diodorus Siculus
diodore sicilieli Diodorus of Sicillia
diodote
Diodotes
diokletiane
Diocletian=Heathen
diokletiane gaius avrelius valer(us)
Diocletian Gaius Aurelius Valerius
diomide
Diomides
dion
Dion
dio(n) kasius
Dio Cassius
dionise
Dionisios=Dionysius=Dionysus
dionise aleqsandrieli Doinisius of Alexandria
dionise areopageli Dionisios of Areopagites
dionise mileTeli
Dionisius of Miletus
dionise periegete Dionisios (ho) Periegates
dionise sirakuzeli Dionisius of Syracuse
dionise halikarnaseli Dionisius of Halicanassus
dionisiebi
Dionysia
dioskurebi
DDioscoriades=Dioscurias
dioskuri
Dioscuri(ados)
dioskuria/cxumi/soxumi Dioscuria(s)
diofante
Diophantos
diubua de monpere Dubius de Montpereux
dodamin
Dodamin
dodona/dodone
Dodona=Dodone
doloqocefal(ur)i
Dolochocephale
doliqokrani
Dolochocranium
doloqokranuli
Dolichocrania
domicia(n)(e)
Domitia(n)
domicila
Domitilla
domicila aleqsandre Domitolla
Alexander
domicius
Domitius
domicius ulpiane
Domitius Ulpian(us)
dorielebi
Dorieis
dorieli
Dorian
doriuli
Doric
dorofore polikliteli Doryphorus of
Polyclitus
doroTea
bibl.
Dorothea
dorra
bibl.
Hadoram
dosiTeos
Dositheus
druzus/drusus
Drusus
druid(izm)i
Druid(ism)
drusila
Drusilla
duka/dukebi
Dukas/Dukai
dunai
Danube
dura evropos
Dura Europos
duumviri
Duumviri
d
daviT
David
daTan
bibl.
Dedan
dakia
Dacia
dalmacia
Dalmatia
dalmacius
Dalmatius
damasko
Damascus
danae/danaia
Danaë
danaelebi
Danaoi
danaidebi
Danaides
daniel mesvete
Daniel the Stylite
dante aligieri
Dante Alighieri
dardanelis srute/helesponti
Hellespont
darialis kari
Dariel=Daryal pass
darios
Darius
darius
Dareus=Darios
dase
bibl.
Rasen
dafne
Daphne
dafnisi
Daphnis
debora bibl.
Deborah
dedalosi
Daedalus
dedalusi(Zv. berZnul xelovnebaSi)
Daedalic
deklaÁDiklah
delos
Delos
delfos
Delphi
demetra
Demeter
demetrius
Demetrios=Demetrius
demikrite
Demokritus
demosTene
Demosthenes
decibalos
Decebalus
decius
Decius
diadumenianus
Diadumenianus
diana
Diana
diarbaqiri
Diyarbakir
didima
Didyma
didius iuliane
Didius Julianus
dio kok(c)ianus
Doi Cocceianus
diogene
Diogenes
diogene apoloneli Diogenes of Apollonia
diogene laert(el)i Diogenes Laertus
diogene sinopeli
Diogenes Sinopeus
diogene cinikosi
Diogenes the Cynic
diogenes kasri
Diogenis praetorium
diodore
Diodorus
diodore kronosi
Diodorus Cronus
diodore pasfaros
Diodorus Pasparos
261
e
el-akaba
El-akaba
el-mina
El Mina
el obeidi
El Obaid
el faoum
El Faium
el jem(i)
El Djem
elagabalos
Elagabalus
elalam/alim
bibl.
Elam
elam(i) (qveyana)
Elam
elene
bibl.
Ellen=Helen
elene mSvenieri
Helen of Troy
elefTer(i)
Elutherae
eleqtra
Electra
elia
Elea=Elia
elia/ilia
bibl.
Eljas=Elijah
eliazar
bibl.
Eleazar=Eleazer
eliakim
bibl.
Eliakim
elini
Hellen
elinizacia
Hellenize(ation)
elinizebuli
Hellenezed=/hellinized
elinizmi
Hellenism
elinisturi
Hellenistic
elinuri
Hellenic=Hellenistic
elisa/elise bibl. Elisha
elisabed
bibl. Elisabeth=Elizabeth
eliu
bibl. Elihu
eliud
bibl. Eliud
elius
Aelius
elmodad
bibl.
Elmodad
emanuil(i) bibl.
Emmanuel=Immanuel
ematiimelni
bibl.
Anamim
emilia
bibl.
Aemilia
emelian
bibl.
Aemilian
emilius paulius makedoneli Aemilius
Paulius Macedonicus
empedokle akrageli Empedocles of Acragas
endimioni
Endymien
enea(s)
Aeneas
eneos(i)
Oeneus
enlil(i)
Enlil
enos
Enos
enoq/enuq
bibl.
Enoch
eolia
Aeoli(s)/Aeolia
eoluri
Aeolic=Aeolian
epaminonda
Epaminondas
epigone
Epigonus
epidavros(i)
Epidaurus
epidavros pimela
Epidaurus Pymela
epikure
Epicurus
epikureloba/epikurianizmi Epicurianism
epimene
Epimenes
epifane konstantinopoleli Epiphanius
ea
Ea
eber
Eber
ebinezer
Ebenezer
ebraelTa salocavi
Tabernacle
ebraeli/ebrauli
Hebrew/Jew(ish)
egeosis zRva
Aegean=Icarian Sea
egeoseli/egeosuri
Aegean
egevsi
Aegeus=Aigeus
egina
Aegina
egnate
Egnatius
egvipte/egvipteli/egvipturi Egypt(ian)
edesa
Edessa
eva
bibl.
Eva=Eve
evagrius ponteli (?) Evagrius Ponticus
evbea
Euboea
evbulide mileTeli Eubulides of Miletes
evgeni
bibl.
Eugene
evgeni(us)(i)
Eugenius
evdeme rodoseli
Eudemos of Rhodes
eveli
bibl.
Hivite
evTidemos
Euthydemus
evklide
Eucleides=Euclid
evmene pergameli
Evmenes of Pergamum
evpatridebi
Eupatrides
evridike
Euridice
evripide
Euripides
evropa (kontinenti) Europe
evrope
Europa
evstaTe/evstaTi
Esthatius
evstaTi Tesalonikeli Eusebius of
Thessalonica
evstaTi/evsevi kesarieli Eusebius of
Caesarea
evstaTi makrombolite Eustathius of
Macrembelites
evstaTi mcxeTeli Eustathius of Mtskheta
evterpe
Euterpe
evtropius
Eutropius
evfronios(i)
Euphronios
evfranori
Euphranor
evfrati
Euphratus
ezekia/ezikia bibl.
Hezekiah
ezikieli
bibl.
Ezecheil=Ezekiel
ezope/esope
Aesop(os)
ezra
bibl.
Ezra
eTiopebi
Aithiopos
eTiopia/abisinia
Ethiopia
ekbaTana
Ecbatana
ekvestruli orderi Equestrian order
eklesiaste
Ecclesiastes
262
from/of Constantinople
epiqtite
Epiktetos
erazm(i)
bibl.
Erasmus
erast(i)
bibl.
Erastus
eratosTene
Eratosthenes
erayi
Iraq
ergotimos(i)
Erotimos
eriTria
Eretria
erot(eb)i
Erot(is)
eros(i)
Eros
esTer(i)
bibl.
Ester=Hest(h)er
esrom
bibl.
Hezron
esqile
Aeschylus
esqine
Aeschines
etna
Aetna=Etna
etruria
Etruria
etruski
Etruscus
etruskuli
Etruscan
efemenidi
Epimenidas
efemia
bibl.
Euphemia
efeseli
Ephesios=Ephesius
efeso (qalaqi)
Ephesos=Ephesus
efrem(i)
bibl.
Ephraim
eqidne
Echidna
viqtor(i)
volacius
vologase
vulkan(i)
Victor
Volacius
Vologases
Vulcan
z
zabulon
bibl. Zabulon
zagros
Zagros
zara
bibl. Zarah
zaqaria
Zachariah
zevax
Zevakh
zevsi
Zeus
zenobia
bibl.
Zenob(ia)
zenon
Zeno
zenon eleli
Zenon of Eleates
zenon efeseli
Zenodotos of Ephesios
zenon kitioneli Zenon of Kitieus
zoia
bibl.
Zoe
zoroastri/zoroastruli Zoroastrian
zoroastrizmi
Zoroastrism
zorobabeli bibl. Zerubbabel
zosime
bibl.
Zosimos=Zosimus
T
Tavrida
Taurida
Tavrizi
Tabriz
Tales
Thales
Talia
Thalia
Tamar
bibl.
Tamar
Tara
bibl.
Terah
Tarsa
bibl.
Tarah
Tasos
Thasos=Thasus/Thasian
Tebe
Thebes
Tevdore
bibl.
Theodore
Tezevsi
Theseus
Teirani
Tehran=Teheran
Tel aviv(i)
Tel Aviv
Tel-ajul
Tell Ajjul
Tel deir ala
Tell Deir Alla
Tel-el-amarna
Tel-el-Amarna
Tel el-huS(i)
Tell el-Hush
Tel Taia
Tell Taya
Tel Taneq
Tell Ta'nnek
Tel mor(i)
Tell-Mor
Tel rima
Tell Rimah
Tel sifri
Tell Sifr
Tel harmal(i)
Tell Harmal
Temida
Themis
Temistagora
Themistagora(s)
Temistios
Themistios=Themistius
Temisto
Themisto
Temistokle
Themistocles
Temur lang/leng=lang Temur Tamerlan
v
valarSapati
Valarshapat
valentinian(i)
Valentinian
valerian(us)
Valerian(us)
valerius maqsimianus Valerius Maximianus
valerius flakus
Valerius Flaccus
vandali
Vandal
vanis tba
Van (lake)
varahran
Varahran
vardan
Vardanes
varsqen
Varsken
varcixe/rodopolis Rhodopolis
vatikani
Vaticano
vezuvi
Vesuvius
vena
Vienna=Vienne
venera
Venus
venera miloseli
Venus de Milo
venecia
Venetia
verginius(i)
Verginius
verona
Verona
verus lucius
Verus Lucius
vespasiane
Vespasian
vinicianus
Vinicianus
virgilius(i)
Virgil(ius)
vitelius(i)
Vitellius
vitruvius
Vitruvius
vifsanius(i)
Vipsanius
263
Teodora
Theodora
Teodore
Theodoros=Theudorus
Teodos(ius)
Theodosius
Teoklite
Theclit=Theocrit=Theocritus
Teos(i)
Theos
Teofane
Theophanes
Teofane bizantieli Thephanes Bisantios
Teofane mitilineli Thephanes of
Mytiline
Teofane JamTaaRmwereli Theophanes
Chronographi
Teofane homologeti Thephanes HomoloGetes
Teofile
Theophilus
Teofobius
Theophobius
Teofrate
Theophratos
Tera
Thera
Tergi
Thergi=Terek
Termi
Thermi
Termopile
Thermopylae
Teron
Theron
Tesalia
Thessalia=Thessaly
Tesalonika/Tesalonike Thessalonica
Teseioni
Teseyon
Tefe gavra
Tepe Gaura/Gawra
Timarxos
Timarkhos
TimesTios
Timesthius
Tiras
bibl.
Tiras
Tiridate/tiridate
Tiridates
Tisbe
Thisbe
Tobel (adamiani) bibl. Tubal
Toma magistrosi
Thomas Magistros
Toma urwmuno
bibl. Doubting Thomas
Tomas kvira
bibl. Thomas' Week
Tomas kvira=kviracxovloba Thomas'
Sunday
Tora
Torah
Tori
Tori
TorRama
Togarma
Trakia
Tracheis=Tracea
Trasimaqos
Thrasymachus
Tubal(eb)i
Tubal(s)
TukiTide
Thucydides
iafa
Jaffa
iafet
bibl.
Japhet
iahve
Jahva
idiSi
Jüdisch
ieguda
Jugurtha
iektan
bibl.
Joktan
iemeni
Yemen
ieran
bibl.
Jeran
ieremia
bibl.
Jeremia(h)
ieriqoni bibl.
Jericho
ieronime
bibl. HHeironymus
ierusalimi bibl. Jerusalem
iese
bibl.
Jesse
ieso
bibl. Jesus=Joshua
ieso nazareveli
bibl. Jesus of
Nazareth
ieRova
Jehovah
ivdiTi
bibl.
Judith
ivliane
Julianos=Julianus
ivriTi
Ivrit
iliada
Iliad
iliria
Illyria
ilirielebi
Illyrioi
ioaTam
bibl. Jotham
ioakime
bibl. Joachim
ioane damaskeli
John (of) Damaskenos
ioane zedazneli John (of Zedazeni)
Zedazneli
ioane zosime
bibl. John Zosimos
ioane italosi
John Italos
ioane kinamosi
John Kinnamos
ioane malala
John Malalas
ioane maxarebeli/RvTismetyveli(me-4saxarebis "gamocxadebis"avtori John
the Apostle(Divine/Elder)
oiane naTlismcemeli/winaswarmetyveli
(markozis saxarebis mixedviT)
John the Baptist
ioane obolTmfarveli John Orphanotrophos
ioane oqropiri bibl. John Chrysostom
ioane umiwawylo
John the Landless
ioane cibus(i)
John Tsibus
iob(i)
bibl.
Job=Jove=Jovis
iobab
bibl.
Jobab
iobal/iobel bibl.
Jabal
iobed
bibl.
Obed
iobosleli
bibl.
Jabusite
ioviane
bibl.
Jovian
ioil(i)
bibl.
Joel
iokaste
Epicaste=Iocasta
ion kasian(i)
John Cassian
i
iazdagird
Yazdagird
iazon
Aeson
iakob(i)
bibl.
Jacob
iakob zebedesi
bibl.
James
ianus(i)
Janus
iared
bibl.
Jared
iason(i)
Jason=Iason
264
k
iona
Jonash=Jonas=Ion
iona qioseli
Ion of Chios
ionaTan
Jonathan
ionia/ioneli
Ionia(n)
ionuri
Ionic
ionuri kapitelis xvia Ionic roll
ioram
bibl.
Jehoram
iorgan Tefe
Jorgan Tepe
iordane
bibl.
Jordan
iosafat
Jehoshaphat
ioseb(i)
bibl.
Joseph(us)
ioseb flavius(i)
Josephus Flavius
iosia/ioahim
Jehoiachim
irida/iris
bibl.
Iris
irine
bibl.
Irene
irineos(i)
bibl.
Irinaeus
irod(i)/herode
Herod(es)
isa(a)k
bibl.
Isaak
isaia
bibl.
Isaiah
isTmia
bibl.
Isthmia
isida/isis
Isis
ismail/iSmail bibl. Ishmael
ismene
Ismene
isokrate
Isocrates
ispahani
Isfahan=Ispahan
israeli(ti)
Israel(ite)
istria
Histria=Istria
isqia
Ischia
italoit(i)
Italiot=Italiote
iuda
bibl.
Judah=Jude
iudea
bibl.
Judaea=Judea
iudimeli
Judimean
iuvenal
Juvenal
iul
bibl.
Hul
iulia
bibl.
Julia
iulian
Julian
iuliane
Julianos=Julianus
iulius
Julius
iulius gandgomili
Julian the Apostle
iulius keisari
Julius Caesar
iulius(klavdiusTa dinastia)
Julio
iulius marciali
Julius Martialis
iulius nepo
Julius Nepos
iulius peligne
Julius Paelignus
iunona
Juno=Iuno
iupiteri
Jupiter=Iuppiter
iustine
Justine
iustiniane
Justinian(us)
ifigenia
Iphigenia
iSTar(i)
Ishtar
kadici
Cadiz
kadme/kadmos(i)
Cadmos
kaen(i)
bibl.
Cain
kavad
Cavad
kavkasia
Caucasia=Caucasus
kavkasiis iberia=qarTlis samefo Caucasian Iberian Kingdom
kavkasieli=kavkasoidi
Caucasoid
kavkasiuri
Caucasian=Caucasic
kazanliki=yazanliyi
Kazanlik
kainan
bibl.
Cainan
kairo
Cairo
kalen hisar(i)
Kallen Hissar
kaligula
Caligula
kalistrate samoseli Callistrates of
Samos
kalimaqe
Callimacus
kalistine
Callisthenes
kalisto
Callistus
kalifso
Calypso
kampana
Campana
kampania(provincia)
Campania
kana(galileis)
Cana of Galilee
kandid(i)
Candidus
kandid krasus
Candidius crassus
kaneS
Ksanes
kapadokia/kabadikia
Cappadocia
kapitoliumis mTa
Capitoline Hill
kapri
Capri
kapua
Capua
karatas semaiuk
Karatas Semayük
karakala/yarayala
Caracalla
karTageni
Carthage=Carthago
kariatidebi
Caryatides
karinus da numerian Carinus and
Numerian
kasandra
Cassander
kasiane del pocco Cassiano del Pozzo
kasiodore
Cassiodorus
kasiope
Cassiope
kaspiis zRva
Caspian/Hycarian Sea
kasius
Cassius
kastor
Castor
kastorius
Castorius
katilina
Catilina=Catiline
kato
Cato
kato umcrosi Cato M. Porcius the Younger
kato ufrosi
Cato M. Porcius the Elder
katulus
Catul(l)us
kafar zold
Kafar szold
265
kafToriimelni
bibl. Caphthorian
kelasuri/klisura
Cerasus
kelt(ur)i
Celt(ic)
kenomani
Cenomani
kentavri
Centaurus
kesarea
Caesarea
kesarion(i)
Cesarion
kvintiane
Quintianus
kvintiliane
Quintilian(us)
kvintilius
Quintillus
kvintus
Quintus
kvatroCento
Quattrocento
kvirinalis mTa
Quirinal Hill
kviproseli/kviprosuli Cyproit
kviprosi
Cuprus
kibela/kibele
Cybele
kiziki
Cyzicus
kizil(i)
Quizil
kikladebi
Cyclades
kikladuri
Cycladic
kiknosi
Cycnos
kilikia,kilikieli,kilikiuri Cilicia(n)
kimiria,kimirieli,kimiriuli Cimmeria(n)
kimirielebi
Κimmerioi
kimerikon
Kimmerikon
kipriane
Cyprian
kirke
Circe
kiros(i)
Cyrrhus
kitelni
bibl.
Kittim
kiSi
Kish
klavdi ptolemaios(i) Claudi Ptolomaei
klavdiane
Claudian
klavdios II goTi Claudius II Gothicus
klavdiosTa dinastia Claudian Dynasty
klavdiusebi
Claudii
klazomena
Clazomenae
klement(i)
Clement
klement aleqsandrieli Clement of
Alexandria
kleopatra
Cleopatra
kleofrade
Kleophrades
klio
Clio
klisTene
Klisthenes
klitarqe
Cleitarchus
klodius albinus
Clodius Albinus
knidos(i)
Cnidos=Cnidus
knosos
Cnossos=Cnosus
kolizeumi
Colisseum=Colosseum
kolofon
Colophon
kolxi,kolxebi,kolxeTi Colch(is)
kolxosi
Colchos
kolxuri
Colchian
kom-eS-Sukafa
Kom-Esh-Shukafa
komagene=qumuxi
Commagene
komnene
Komnene
komneni/komnenosi
Komnenos
komod(i)
Commodus
komos(i)
Kommos
konia
Konya
konstantina
Constantina
konstantine
Constantine
konstantinopoli/stamboli Constantinople=Constantinopole
konstancius
Constantius
kopt(ur)i
Copt(ic)
korinTi/korinTo
Corinth(us)
koriolan(os)
Coriolanus
kornelius
Cornelius
kornelius nepo
Cornelius Nepos
korneliusebi
Cornelii
korsika
Corsica
korfu
Corfu
kos(i)(kunZuli)
Cos
kras(us)
Crassus
kremona
Cremona
krezi
Croesus
kreta
Creta=Crete=Krete
kreteli/kretuli
Cretan
kronos(i)
Kronos
kum/qum Tefe
Kum Tepe
kumra
Kumra
kupidoni
Cupid
kursunlu/kurSunlu Tefe Kursunly Tepe
kusura
Kusura
kutaia=quTaia=quTaisi Kutaia=Cotais
kuSan(i)
Kushan
kuSi(qalaqi)
Cush
l
laban/lavan
bibl. Laban
levimielni
bibl. Lehabin
lazare
bibl.
Lazarus
lazi
Lazi
lakerna/laqerna
Lacerna
lakonia.lakonieli,lakoniuri Laconian
lamaxus
Lamachus
lameq
Lamech
lavilat
bibl.
Havilah
langobardi
Langobardi
laodikia
Laodikia
laokoon(i)
Laocoön
la-ten(i)
La Tène
laqiSi/laCiSi
Lachish
levkadia
Levcadia
266
levkoTea
Leucothea
leila
bibl.
Leila
lemnos(i)
Lemnos
leon
Leo(n)
lepide
Lepidus
lesbos
Lesbos
leto
Leto
lia
bibl.
Leah
libia
Libya
libius severus
Libius Severus
liborne
Libourne
liguria,ligurieli,liguriuli Liguria(n)
lidia,lidieli,lidiuri Lydia(n)
livi
bibl.
Livi
likurge
bibl.
Likurgos
lisandre
Lysandros
lisimaqe
Lysimachos
lisipe
Lysippus
lisistrate
Lysistratus
lisifide
Lysippides
liqsus
Lixus
licinian
Licinianus
licinius
Lisinius
loT(i)
bibl.
Lot
longinoz
Longinus
lorenco vala
Lorenzo Vala
luda
bibl.
Lud
ludimielni bibl. Ludim
lui
Louis
luka
bibl.
Luke
lukiane
bibl.
Lucian
lukiane samosateli Lukianus of Samosateus
lukrecius fronto Lucretius Ftonto
lukulus l. licianus Lucullus L.
Licinius
lusida/lucila
Lucilla
lutecia
Lutetia
luqsori
Luxor
lucius
Lucius
lucius verus
Lucius Verus
lucius kornelius cina
Lucius
Cornelius Cinna
luciferi
Lucifer
mavrikios
Maurikios
mavritania,mavritaneli,mavritanuli
Mauritania(n)
maTe
bibl.
Mattew=Mattias
maTusala bibl.
Methusael=Mathuselah
maioran
Majoran
makedonia,makedoneli,makedonuri Macedonia(n)
makiaveli
Machiavelli
makron(eb)i
Macrone(s)
makrinius
Macrinius
malael
bibl.
Mehujael
malase
Malassas
maleleil
bibl. MMahalaleel
mamertini
Mamortinum
maniqeveli
Manichean
maniqeveloba/maniqeizmi
Manichean
marTa
bibl.
Martha
mari
Mari
mariam(i)
bibl.
Maria(m)=Mary
mariam magdalineli bibl. Maria
Magdalene
mariamlik
Mariamlik
marius
Marius
mark antonius Mark Antony=Markus Antonius=Antonius Markus
markoz
bibl.
Mark
markoman(eb)i
Marcomann(i)
markomanuli
Marcomanic
markus avrelius
Marc(us) Aurelius
markus verus
Markus Verus
markus vespasiane agripa Markus Vespasianus Agrippa
markus klavdius marcelus Markus
Claudius Marcellus
markus lucius
Markus Lucius
markus opelius makrianus
Markus Opellius Marcianus
markus tulius ciceroni Markus Tulius
Cicero
marmarilos zRva/propontis
Propontis
maroko
Maroc(co)
marsi
Mars
marsisadmi miZRvnili
Martialis
marcelinus
Marcellinus
marcelus
Marcellus
marcian(us)
Marcian(us)
marcius
Marcius
masis
bibl.
Mesha
mataTe
bibl.
Matthan
maqsentius
Maxentius
maqsimian
Maximian
m
magna grecia
Magna Graecia
magnencius
Magnentius
magog(ix.gog) bibl. Magog
madim
bibl.
Madai
mavsole/mavsoli/mavzol(os) Mausolus
267
maqsiminus
Maximinus
maqsimus
Maximus
macesta
Macestus
maxare
Machares
maxlon(i)
Machlon
megara
Megara
megido
Megiddo
medea
Medea
medina
Medina
mezara
Mezara
melania
Melania
melesia
Melesias
meliso samoseli
Melissos of Samos
melos/milos
Melos
melpomene
Melpomene
memnon
Memnon
memfisi
Memphis
menadebi
Menades
menandre
Menander
menandre protiqtor Menandros Protictor
menelae
Menelaos
meot(eb)i
Meoti(s)
meribanes
Meribanes
merkuri
Mercury
mersin(i)
Mersin
mesala
Mesalla
mesana,mesane,mesani
Messana
mesarim/mesaraim
Mizraim
mesopotamia
Mesopotamia
meqa
Mecca
midas(i)
Midas
miTra
Mithras
miTridate
Mithridates
miTridate evpatori Mithridates Eupator
miTridate pergameli Mithridates of Pergamum
mikeneli/mikenuri
Mycenian
mikeni
Mycenae
mileteli/mileturi Milesian
mileti
Miletos=Miletus
mindel(i)
Mindel
minerva
Minerva
minoseli/minosuri
Minoan
minosi
Minos
minosur-mikenuri
Minoan-Mycenae
mioceni
Miocene
mirmekia
Mimekii
mirmrkioni
Myrmekion
misimiani
Misimiani
mitiliane
Mytiline
miqael/mixeil bibl.
Michael
miqael ataliate
Michael Attaleiates
miqael fsilosi
Michael Psellos
miqei
bibl. MMicah
mogvTa kari
Gate of Magi
moirebi
Moirai
momzen(i)
Mommsen
mose
bibl.
Moses
mose xorenaci
Moses Chorenaci
moses(i)
Mosaic
mosiniki
Mossynoeci
mosoq
bibl.
Moshech
mosul(i)
Mosul
mosqe
Moschos
mosxi
Moschus
moxirisi
Mocherisis
mtkvari
Cyrus=Mtkvari
muza
Muse
muzeioni=muzebis taZari Museion
n
nabaTea
Nabatae
nabopolosari
Nabopolissar
nazareveli
bibl.
Nazarene
nazareTi
bibl.
Nazareth
naTaniel(i) bibl.
Nathaniel
naid(i)
bibl.
Nod
narcis(i)
Narcissus
nafTalem
bibl.
Naphtali
naqor
bibl.
Nahor
naqsos(i)
Naxos
naxSon
bibl.
Nahshon
naxWevani
Nakhichevan
naharia
Naharya
nea pafos
Nea Paphos
neapoli(i)
Naples
nebaroT/nimrud
bibl. Nimrud
nemea
Nemea
nemezida
Nemesis
neokesarea
Neocaesarea
neo-piTagorenealoba Neo-Pythagoreanism
neo-platonizmi
Neo-Platonitas
neo-platonikosi
Neo-Platonicus
neoptolome
Neoptolemus
neptun(i)
Neptune
nerva
Nerva
neron(i)
Nero Julius Caesar
neron tiberius klavdius(ix.tiberius)
Tiberius Claudius Nero
nerse
Nerseh=Nerses
nestor(ianeleb)I
Nestor(ians)
nestor(ius)
Nestorius
nefTalimelni
bibl. Nephtuhim
nikandre
Nikandre
268
nikandro
Nicander
nikator selevki
Nicator Seleucus
nike
Nike
nikea
Nicaeae=Nice
nikeas kreba
Nic(a)ea Council
nikeforion(i)
Nicephorion
nikita qoniate=xoniati Nicitae Choniatae
nikifore
Nikephores
nikoloz
Nicholas
nikoloz damaskeli Nicolaus of Damascus
nikomaqe
Nicomachus
nikomede
Nicomedes
nikomedia
Nicomedia
nikopolis
Nicopolis
nikofsia/tuafse
Nikofsis
nilosi
Nile
nime
Nimes
nimrud(i)
Nimrud
nimrud daRi
Nimrud Dagh
nimfeion(i) Nymohseion=Nimphaeum=Nymphaion
ninevi(a)
Nineveh
niobe
bibl.
Niobe
niobid(i)
Niobid
nisa
Nisa
niqozia
Nicosia
noe
bibl.
Noah
noema
bibl.
Naamah
noqalaqevi/arqeopolisi/cixegoji Arhaeopolis
numerian(e)
Numerian
numidia
Numidia
(h)onorius
Honorius
onofre
Humphrey=Humphry
opa (mosavlisa da nayofierebis qalRmerTi) Ops
orakuli
Oracle=oracle
orencius(i)
Orentius
oreste
Orestae=Orestes
oreq(i)
bibl.
Erech
orioni
Orion=Urion
orode
Orodes
oronti=md. el-as Orontes
orqomene
Orchomenus
orfevsi=orfeosi
Orpheus
orfizmi
Orphism
orfikuli
Orphic
os
bibl.
Uz
osiris(i)
Osiris
ostrakizmi
Ostracism
oqsinirxos
Oxyrchynchus
oqtavian(e)
Octavia(n)=Octavianus
oCamCire
Gyenus
p
pavia
Pavia
pavle
bibl.
Paul
pavlikianoba
Paulikianoi
palestina
Palestina=Palestine
palestineli/palestinuri(ix.filistime
li) PPalestinian
paliastomi
Paliastom
palmira
Palmyra
pamflia
Pamphlylia
panaTenea
Panathenea
pandore
Pandore
panelinizmi
Panhellenism
panelinisturi
Panhellenic
panonia
Pannonia
panopolis(i)
Panopolis
pantikapeon(i)
Panticapaeum
papis olqi
States of the Church
parTen(i)
Parthenes
parTenon(i)
Parthenos=Parthenos
parTia
Parthia
paris(i)
Paris
parmenide eleli Parmenides of Elea
parmenion(i)
Parmenion
parnasi
Parnassus
paros(i)/faros(i)
Paros
pasife
Psiphae
patrokle
Patrocles
patrusimelni
bibl. Pathrusim
paflagonia
Paphlagonia
o
obedi(a)
Obadia
obod(i)
Obodas
odisea
Odysey
odisevs(i)
Odysseus
ovidius(i)
Ovid
ozia
bibl.
Uzzia
oTo=oto
Otho
oidipos(i)
Oedipus
olbia
Olbia
olibrius
Olybrius
olimpeiumi(iupiter olimpielis taZari) Olimpeium
olimpi (mTa)
Olympus
olimpia
Olympia
olRa
bibl.
Olga
omanidi
Omanide
omfale
Omphale
onomastikoni
Onomastikon
269
pafos(i)
Paphos
paxom(i)
bibl.
Pachomius
pegas(i)
Pegasus
pevtinger(i)
Peutinger
pelagia
bibl.
Pelagia
pelazgi
Pelazgian
pelopones(i)
Peloponnes(us)
penileos(i)
Peneleos
penelope
Penelope
pepitrin(i)
Pepytrin
pergamon(i)
Pergamon=Pergamos
pergamos(i)
Pergamum
perikle
Pericle(s)
peroz
Peroz
perse
Perses
persevsi
Persaeus
persenius niger
Persennius Niger
persepolis(i)
Persepolis
persefone
P(h)ersephone
pertineqs
Pertinax
petra/cixisZiri
Petra
petre
bibl.
Peter
petre iberi
Peter the Iberian
petronius(i)
Petronius
petronius maqsimus Petronius Maximus
petronius sekundus Petronius Secundus
piaca armenia
Piazza Armenia
piza
Pisa
piTagora(ix. neo...) Pythagoras
piTagoreaneli/piTagoreaneloba Pythagorean(ist)(ism)
piTodore
Pythodores=Pythodorus
pilade
Pylades
pilate pontoeli
Pilate Pontius
pinarius
Pinarius
pindare
Pindar
pirenei
Pyrenees
piros(i)
Pyrros
pitiunti/pitius/biWvinta Pityuntis=Pityus
pius
Pius
platon(i)(zmi)
Plato(n)(ism)
pletorius celer n. marcius Plaetorius
Celer N. Marcius
plinius uncrosi
Plini the Junior Minor/
Young=Gaius Plinius Junior(Minor/Younger
plinius ufrosi
Plini the Elder
(Major/Secundus=Gaius Plinius Secundus
(Major/Elder)
plotini
PPlotinos
plutarqe
Plutarch(os)
plutarqe lukulusi Plutarchos Lucullus
pluton(i)
Pluton
polemo
Polemo
polemon
Polemon
polemon aTeneli Polemon of Athens
polemon levkadieli Polemon of Leodicea
polemonium(i)
Polemomonium
polibios
Plybios
polidore
Polydorus
polievqte
Plyeuctus
polikarpe
Polycarp
poliklite
Polycleitus=Polyclitus
polikrate
Polycrates
polimneste
Polymnestus
polimnia
Polyhymnia
poluqs
Polux
poluqsus (?)
Polluxus
pompei (kaci)
Pompeii
pompei (qalaqi) Pompeja=Pompeji=Pompei
pompeia (qali)
Pnmpia
pompeopolisi
Pompeopolis
pomponia
Pomponia
pompeus(i)
Pompei(us)
pompeus didi Pompei the Great=Pompeius
Magnus=Gnaeus Pompeius
pompeus seqstus=meore Pompeius Sextus
pompeus strabo
Pompeius Strabo
pompeus trogus
Pompeius Trogus
pomponius mela
Pomponius Mela
ponto (saxelmwifo) Pontos=Pontus
ponti polemoniak
Pontus Polemoniacus
porfile
Porphyry
porfirios
Porphyrios
poseidoni
Poseidon
posidonius
Posidonius
postumus
Postumus
praqsikle naqsoseli Praxicles of Naxos
praqsitile
Praxitiles
praqsitile knideli
Praxitiles Cnida
preneste
Praeneste
prisko(saalyo manqanis Semqmneli)Priscus
prisciliane
Priscillian
probus
Probus
prozerpina
Proserpina
prokle
Proclus
prokofi
Procopius
prokofi kesarieli Prokopios Kaesareinnsis
prokruste
Procrustes
promeTe/amirani
Prometheus
propontis/marmarilos zRva Propontis
protagora
Protagoras
proxor
Prochor
ptolemais
Ptolemais
270
ptolemaios
ptoleme/ptolome
ptolemeebi
ptolome
publius
publicius
publicius agripa
punikuri omebi
Ptolemaios
Ptolemy=Ptolemaios
Ptolomaioi=Lagidai
Ptolemies
Publius
Publicius
Publicius Agrippa
Punic Wars
savaTa
bibl.
Sabtah
savakaTa
bibl.
Sabtecha
savan=savar bibl.
Sheba
savlak
Saulaces
savromasi
Sauromaces
sala
bibl.
Salah
saladini
Salah-ad-Din
salaTiel
bibl. Shealtiel
salaÁ
bibl. Salax
salef
bibl.
Sheleph
salmon
bibl.
Salmon
salome(a)
Salome
saloniki
Salonica
samareelni bibl. Zemarite
samaria
Samaria
samoTrakia
Samothrace
samosata
Samosata
samoseli/samosuri Samian
samos(i)
Samos
samson
bibl.
Samson
Samuel
bibl.
Samuel
sara
bibl.
Sara(h)=Sarai
sargon(i)
Sargon
sardanapal(i)
Sardanapalus
sardes
Sardes
sardi
Sardis
sardinia
Sardinia
sardur(i)
Sardour
sarkinozi
Saracen
samatia/sarmati/sarmatuli Sarmat(ia)(n)
sasanidi
Sassanian=Sassanid
satana
Satan=the Tempter
satiri
Stur
satirikon(i)
Satyricon
saturnaliebi
Saturnalia
saturni
Saturn
saturnis taZris xazina Aerarium
saul
bibl.
Saul
saurmag
Saurmag
safaridebi
Sapharides
safo lesboseli Sappho of Lesbos
sebasteion(i)
Sebasteion
sebastopolisi/cxumi/soxumi Sebastopolis
sebvoma
bibl.
Zeboim
severiane
Severianos
severos
(Severan) Severus
sevsamora/wiwamuri Seusamora
seT/siT
bibl.
Seth
sela
bibl.
Zillah
selevk(i)
Seleucus
selevkia
Seleuceia
J
Jan Sarden(i)
Jean Chardin
r
ragav
bibl.
Reu
radamist
Radamistλα
ramah
bibl.
Ramah
ramzes/ramses
Ramses
ras-Samra
Ras-Shamra
raRmai/reRmai
bibl. Raemah=Raamah
raxil
bibl.
Rachel
rea
Rhea
rebeka
bibl.
Rebecca=Rebekah
regium
Regium
reims(i)
Rheims
remedelo
Remedelo
remi
Rhemiτο
remus
Remus
renesansi
Renaissance
reqab
bibl.
Rehab
risis/risuli periodi Riβ (Germ)
rifaT
bibl.
Riphat
robuam
bibl.
Rehoboam
rodelni bibl.
Gentiles
rodopolis/varcixe Rhodopolis
rodos(i)
Rhodes
rodoseli/rodosuli Rhodium=Rhodius
rodosis kolosi
Collosus of Rhodes
romi
Roma=Rome
romoT
bibl.
Rohoboth
romulus
Romulus
romulus avgustul Romulus Augustulus
roqsana
bibl.
Roxana
ruben
bibl.
Reuben
rubikoni
Rubicon
ruT(i)
bibl.
Ruth
rustika
Rusticus
rufinus
Rufinus
rufus
Rufus
s
saba
bibl.
Seba
saberZneTi
Greece=Magna Graecia
saduk
bibl. Zadok
sadukevel(n)i
bibl. Saduce(es)
271
selevkid(i)
Seleucid
selCuki/selCukuri Seljuk(ian)
sem(i)
bibl.
Shem
semiramida/Samuramati Semiramis
semit(ur)(izm)(i)
Semit(ic)(ism)
senaris
bibl.
Shinar
seneka
Seneca Lucius Annaeus
septimus
Septimius
serafita
Serapeitis
servius tulius
Servius Tullius
serna
bibl.
Doreas
seruq
bibl.
Serug
sesklo
Sesklo
sesostris
Sesostris
seqst(us)
Sextus
svetonius
Suetonius
sibila
bibl.
Sibil=Sybil
siderun
bibl.
Siderun
sidon(i)
Sidon
sim(e)on logoTeti Symeon Logothetes
sim(e)on metafrasti Symeon Metaphrastes
simon
bibl.
Simon
sinas mTa
Sinai Mount
sinedrioni
Sanhedrin
sineli (vinme)
Sinaite
sinopi/sinopeli/sinopuri Sinope(an)
sioni
bibl.
Zion
sirakuzi
Syracuse
sirenebi
Sirenes
siria/sirieli/siriuli Syria(n)
sifoni (kikladebis kunZuli) Siphonos
sicilia
Sicilia=Sicillia=Sicily
skanda
Scanda
skviTi(a)
Scyt(h)ia(n)
skilaqsi
Skylax
skliarosi
Skleros
skribonia
Scribonia
skriboniane
Scribonianus
skribonius(i)
Scribonius
smirna
Smirna=Zmyrna
sogdiana
Sogdiana
sodom(el)(i)/sodomuri
Sodom(ian)
sokrate
Socrates
soli
Soli
solomon(i)
bibl. Solomon
solomonis sibrZne Wis=Wisdom of Solomon
solon
Solon
solutre(uli)
Solutre(an)
sostrate egeoseli Sostratus of Aegina
sosus pergameli
Sosus Pergamum
sofilus
Sophilus
sofio
bibl.
Sophio
sofirad (mTa)
Sophar
sofokle
Sophocles
sofron
Sophron
soxumi/cxumi/sebastopolisi Sebastopolis
sparseTi/sparseli/sparsuli Persia(n)
spartak(i)
Spartacus
spartokidebi
Spartokidai
split(i)
Split
stabia
Stabia
stamboli/konstantinopolo Istanbul
stesiqore
Stesichorus
stefane
Stephen
stefane bizantieli Stephanos from Bizantium
stefanoz(i)
Stephanus
stiqsi
Stygian=Styx
stoicizmi
Stoicism
strabon(i)
Strabo
strato
Strato
stratofilos
Stratophilus
subarTu/subatu
Subartu
suza
Susa
suziana
Susiana
sula
Sulla
susana
bibl.
Susan(na)(h)
sfinqsi
Sphinx
sqefarnas
Sceparnas
scipion
Scipio
scipion azieli
Scipio Asiagenus
t
tabiT
bibl. Tabitha
tavris mTa
Taurus=Toros Mountains
talan
bibl. Calneh
tanagra
Tanagra
tanais
Tanais
tantalos
Tantalos
tarkvin(ius)
Tarquinii=Tarquinius
tarsu(s)
Tarsus
tarSiS/TarSiS
bibl.
Tarshish
taqsila
Taxila
taqsile
Taxile
tacit(us)
Tacitus
tacitus markus klavdius Tacitus
Markus Claudius
tacitus publius kornelius Tacitus
Publius Cornelius
taxt-e-belki
Takht-e-Belki
tegea
Tegea
tevtoni
Teuton
temenos
Temenus
272
u
tereza
bibl.
Teresa
terentius/terencius
Terentius
tertuliane
Tertullian
terfsiqore
Terpsichore
tercia
Tertia
tiberiane
Tiberianus
tiberius
Tiberius
tiberius iulius aleqsandre Tiberius
Julius Alexander
tiberius klavdius neron(i) Tiberius
Claudius Nero
tibri
Tiber
tibur
Tibur
tigran
Tigranes
tigranokerti
Tigranocerta
tigrafate
Tigrapate
tigros(i)
Tigris
timagora epikureli Timagoras the
Epicurean
timarqide
Timarchides
timoTe
bibl. Timothy
timon
Timon
timosTene
Timosthenes
timostrate
Timostratus
tindare
Tindaris
tiri
Tyre
titus flavius makrianus Titus Flavius
Macrianus
tifon
Typhon
ticius
Titius
tixe
Tiche
tixe antioqeli
Tiche of Antioch
tixe-fortuna
Tiche-Fortuna
torkvato taso
Torquatus Tasso
traiane
Trajani=Traiani
trapizoni
Trabzon=Trapesus (Gr)
trpizonis
Tapesitos
trasimaqos
Trasymachus
trasimene
Trasimene
trebonius
Trebonius
triboniane
Tribonian(us)
triboniane gali
Tribonian(us) Gallus
trieri
Trier
triklinius(i)
Triclinius
tripoli
Tripoli
tristan
Tristan
trifon
Tryphon
troa
Troy
tulia
Tullia
tulius
Tullius
tunisi
Tunisia
ugarit(i)
Ugarit
ulpia
Ulpia
ulpiane domicius Domitius Ulpian(us)
umbria/umbrieli/umbriuli Umbria(n)
urania
Urania
urarteli/urartuli
Urartian
urartu
Urartu
urgete
Eurgetes
ur(i)
Ur
uria
Uriah
urmia
Urmia
uruki/uruqi
Uruk
utika/utica
Utica
ufir
bibl.
Ophir
ufica
Uffizi
f
fabius maqsimus kvintus
Fabius Maximus
Cunctator
fabiusebi
Fabii
faziseli/fazisuri Fabricius
fazisi/fasisi
Phasisian
faleg/falek
bibl. Peleg
fanagoria/fanagorieli/fanagoriuli
Phanagoreia(n)
farez(i)
bibl.
Perez
farisevel(n)i
bibl. Pharisee(s)
farnavaz didi
Pharnabazus the Great
farnavazianTa/farnavaziani
Pharnabazid
faros(i)/paros(i)
Paros
farsansi
Farasanses
farsman(i)
Pharsmanes
fausta
Fausta
faustina
Faustina
fasargadeni
Pasargadae
feniqsi
Phoenix
fehlevi
Pahlavi
fidene
Fidene
fidias(i)
Phidias
feliqsi
Felix
filadelfos
Philadelphos
filida
Phyllis
filipe
bibl.
Philip(us)
filipe arabi
Philip(us) the Arab
filipeion(i)
Philippeion
filipopolisi
Philippopolis
filistimeli/palestineli Pholisim=
=Philistine
filistimelni
bibl. PPhilistinians
fimbria
Fimbria
finikia/finikieli/finikiuri Phoenicia(n)
273
firuzabadi
Pirusabad
fisistrate
Pisistratus
filokrate
Philocrates
filoktiste
Philoktistes
filon(i)
Philon
filostrate
Philostratus
filoqsene
Philoxenus
filoqtete
Philoctetes
flaviane
Flavianus
flavianebi/flaviosTa Flavian(s)
flavios
Flavius
flaviusebi
Flavii
flandria
Flabders
floriane
Florian
florencia
Florentia
foka
Phokas
fokia
Phokaia
folaTli
Polatli
forum(i)
Forum
forum avgustum Forum Augustum
~
alien
~
Alieni
~
apium
~
Apii
~
avrelium
~
Aurelium
~
galorum
~ Gallorum
~
iulium
~ Julium
~
korneli(i) ~ Cornelii
~
kesaros
~ Caesaris
~
romanum
~
Romanun
~
traiani
~
Traiani
~
transistorum
~ transistorum
~
facis=mSvidobis ~ Pacis
fortuna
Fortuna=Fortune
fortuna primigenia Fortuna Primigenia
fraat(i)
Phraataces=Phraates
frankebi
Franks
fraqsifane
Praxipanes
frigia
P(h)rygia
frigieli/frigiuli Pryge=Phrygius
friqse
Prixeus=Prixus
fsevdo qsenofonti Pseudo-xenophon
fsiqe
Psyche
fud
bibl.
Phut
fulvia
Fulvia
qam
bibl.
Ham
qanaanelni
bibl. Canaatites
qanaani
bibl. Canaan
qaraz qazisi
Karaz-Kazisi
qarTli
Caucasian Iberian Kingdom
qaritebi
Charites
qaron(is) navi
Charon('s) ferry
qarqemiSi
Carchemish=Karkamiš =Kargamiš
qasqebi/qaSqebi
Kaška(ia)
qaSmiri
Kashmir
qeTevan
Catharine=Catherine
qen hasan
Can Hasan
qeronea
Chaeronea
qerCis srute
Kerch strait
qetel
bibl.
Heth
qimera
Chimera
qioseli/qiosuri
Chian
qiosi/xiosi
Chios
qironi
Cheiron
qiulTefe
Kultepe=Kül Tepe
qloa=simwvane
Chloe
qrizipe
Chrysippus
qristefore
Christopher
qristine
Christin(e)
qsantipe
Xanthippe
qsenokrate
Xenocrates
qsenofane
Xenophanes
qsenofon aTeneli
Xenophon of Athens
qsenofonte
Xenophon
qserqse
Xerxe
quTaisi/kutaia/quTaia Cotaisi=Kutaia
qum Tefe/kum Tefe
Kum Tepe
qfar-monaS
Kfar Monash
R
Raza
Razil
RaTer
Raidad
Ramer
Gaza
Uzal
Gather
Irad
Gamer
y
yazanliyi/kazanliki
Kazanlik
yandagari
Kandagar
yaraTefe
Karatepe
yarayorumi Karakoram=Karalorum
yarahisari
Karahisar
q
qaldea
qaldevel(n)i
qaleb
bibl.
qalkedoni
qalkiope
qalkoliTi
qalkoliTuri
bibl.
bibl.
bibl.
bibl.
Chaldaea
Chaldee(s)
Caleb
Chalcedon
Chalciope
Chalcolite
Chalcolithic
S
Pontus=Pontus Poleminiacus=
=Euxinus Pontus
Sampolion(i)
Shampollion
Samuramati/semiramida Semiramis
Savi zRva
274
Sapur
Sarden Jan
Sah abasi
Svab(eb)i
Siiti
Sirazi
Sorapani
Sumeri
Shapur
Chardin Jean
Shah Abas
Sueb(i)
Shiite=Shia
Shiraz
Sarapanis=Shorapani
Sumer
xiroqitia/xiroxitia Khirokitia
xlorus
Clorus
xmelTaSua zRva Mare Nostrum=Mediterranian Sea
xorasani
Khorasan=Khurasan
xorezmeli/xorezmuli Choresmian
xorezmelebi
Chorasmii
xorezmi
Chorezm
xosro
Chosroes
xuriti
Huriti
xus
bibl.
Cush
C
CaTal huiuk
CexeTi
Çatal Hüyük
Czech
j
c
jalal-ed-dini
cestius
Cestius
ciklopi
Cyclope
cila
Cilla
cincinati
Cincinnatus
circea
Circeii
ciceroni kvintus tulius Cicero Quintus Tullius
cixe-goji/noqalaqevi Archaepoilis
cixisZiri/petra
Petra
crufilipe
Andriskos
cxumi/soxumi
Sebastopolis
juanSer
h
hada/heda
Hadda
haifa
Haifa
halaf(i)
Halaph
halikarnasi
Halicarnassus
halStati
Hallstatt
hama
Hama
hanibali
Hannibal
harmozika/armazcixe Harmozica
harpia/harpiebi
Harpia/Harpiae
hasuna
Tell Hassuna
haji
Hajj
hajilari
Hačilar
hebron(i)
Hebron
hekaTe
Hecate
hekaTe(os) mileTeli Hecataeus of Miletos
hekuba
Hecuba
helespinti/dardanelis srute Hellespont
heliogabal(i)
Heliogabalus
heliodor(i)
Heliodorus
heliopolisi
Heliopolis
helios(i)
Helius
henioxi
Heniochi
hera
Hera
herakle
Heracles=Heracleus
heraklea
Heraclea=Heraclia
heraklia Trakiis Heraclea-in-Trahis
heraklea pontosi Heraclia Pontica
heraklion(i)
Heracleon
heraklide
Heraclidae=Heraclides
heraklide lembos Heracleides Lembos
heraklios
Heraclius
heraklite
Heraclitus
herkulanum
Herculaneum
herkulesi
Hercules
w
waTe
wiwamuri/sevsamora
wina azia
wminda sofia
Tsates
Seusamora
Middle east/West Asia
Sancta Sophia
W
Woroxi
Jallal-ad-din=Jalhal-addin
Juansher=Djuansher
Apsarus=Apsarunt
x
xaTi
Chatti=Hatti
xaTebi(xeTebi/xeTuri)(ix.axali) Hittite(s)
xalani
bibl.
Calah
xalibi
Chalybe
xaTusa
Hattuša
xaTusili
Hattušili(š )
xarTumi
Khart(o)um
xariton
Chariton
xasrolimelni
bibl. Chasluhim
xeTi
Hatti(te)
xeTuri
Hatti(te)
axali xeTuri Neo-Hittite
xeofsi
Cheops
xersonesi
Chersonese=Chersonesus
xersoni
Cherson
xefren(i)
Chepren
xiloni
Chilon
xion heraklieli
Chion of Heraclea
xiosi/qiosi
Chios
275
herkulesis svetebi Pillars of Hercules
hermes(i)
Hermes
hermes fraqsiteli Hermes of Praxitiles
hermia
Hermias
hermogene
Hermogen
hermogeniane
Hermogenianus
hermonasa
Hermonasa
hermopolisi
Hermopolis
herod didi
Herod the Great
herode/irodi Herod(es)
herodeze sastiki to out Herod
herodiane
Herodianos=Herodianus
herodote halikarnaseli Herodotos=Herodotus Hallicarnasus
heron(i)
Heron
herostrate
Herostratos
herofile
Herophilos
hesione
Hesione
hesiod(e)
Hesiod(os)
hefesto
Hrephaestus=Hephaistos
heqtor(i)
Hector
hiblea
Hyblaea
hidacius
Hydatius
hinduyuSi
Hindu Kush
hipaTia
Hypatia
hiparqe
Hipparchos
hipia
Hippias
hipokoon(i)
Hipocoön
hipokrate
Hippocrates
hipokrates fici
Hippocratic Oath
hipomene
Hippomenes
hiponaqsi
Hipponax
hiram
bibl.
Hiram
hisarlik(i)
Hissarlik
hisiporte
Hyssiportus
homeros(i)
Homer(os)
homerosis himnebi
Homeric Hymns
homeruli
Homeric
(h)onorius(i)
Honorius
horacio
Horatius
horacius(i) Horace=Horatius Quintus Flaccus
hormazd
Hormazd
horoz-Tefe
Horoz-Tepe
hosidius GgeTa
Hosidius Geta
huni
Hun
276

277
278
A
abandon(ment) v n gaukacrieleba,dacla,
mitoveba,tradiciis uaryofa
abandoned adj gaukacrielebuli,daclili,mitovebuli,uaryofili
abas (ment) v n dacema.degradacia
abat(t)Is n nakafi adgili
abbreviate(ion)(s) v n Semokleba(ni)
abbreviated adj Semoklebuli
abdicate(d)(ion) v adj n mefobaze uaris
Tqma,taxtidangadadgoma/gadamdgari
abdomen n muclis Rru
abiding adj uryevi
ability n unar-Cveva,unari
~ of speech laparakis unari
oral/verbal ~ metyvelebis ~
writing ~ weris ~
able adj unaris mqone,SemZle,niWieri
be ~ v SemZle, SeZlo rame
ablution(s) n saweso ganbanva
perform one's ~ v ganbanvis ritualis
Sesruleba
abnormal(ity) adj n anomaluri/anomaluroba,aranormaluri/aranormaluroba,normidan gadaxra
abode n v sadgomi/sacxovrisi,cxovreba
sadme
abolish(ment) v n gauqmeba,ganadgureba,
gadafarva,Sewyveta
abolished adj gauqmebuli,ganadgurebuli.
Sewyvetili
abolition n gauqmeba,anulireba
about prep Sesaxeb ramisa...
adv daaxloebiT
above prep adv …ze(viT),zemoT
~ all ufro metic..,garda,ukeT,umeteswilad,garda(am)yvelafrisa,yvelaferTan erTad,yvelaze metad,ufro metic
~ the ~ mentioned garda yovelive zemoTqmulisa...
~ cited/listed zemoT CamoTvlili
~ discussed
~
ganxiluli
immediately ~ sth zed (iqve/zustad) raRacis Tavze
~ the law kanonze maRla
~mentioned zemoT naxsenebi,zemoTqmuli
~ one another erTmaneTze(dawyobili)
abrade v gaprialeba,gacveTa,gaxexva
abrasion n nakawri,naxexi,gaxexvis kvali
abrasive n adj naprialebi qva; saprialebeli
abreast adv gverdiT,gverdi-gverd
keep ~ fexdafex miyola
abrider n saxexi,rTic ixexeba zedapiri
abridge(ment) v n Semokleba (mag.naSromis)
abridged adj Semoklebuli
abroad adv sazRvargareT
from ~ sazRvargareTidan,sxva qveynidan
abrupt adj elviseburi,swrafi,moulodneli,ucabedi,ucebi
abruptly adv ucabedad,uceb,ucbaT,swrafad
cease ~ v uceb Sewyveta ramis keTebis
cut ~ short by… v dauyovnebliv/mosxletiT Sewyveta ramis
absence n aryofna,ararseboba,arqona
absent v adj armyofi/ardamswre.aryofna
sadme/ramis
absolute adj gadamWreli,sruli
absolutely adv savsebiT,srulad
absolve v patieba,Sendoba
~ of/in sin codvis Sendoba
absorb(tion) v n STanTqma,miReba,Sewova,
SeTviseba,gaTaviseba
absorbed adj STanTqmuli,Sewovili,SeTTvisebeli,gaTavisebuli
~ in/into v saqmeSi/fiqrSi Cafluli
abstract n adj mokle Sinaarsi,nawyveti,
avtoreferati; gaurkveveli,aramkveTri,abstraqtuli
abuct(ion) v n gataceba, motaceba
abundance n siWarbe,siuxve,simravle ramis
abundant adj auarebeli,baraqiani,farTod gavrcelebuli,mdidruli,uxvi,nayofieri,Warbi
abundantly adv baraqianad,mdidrulad,uxvad,Warbad
abundance n simravle,siuxve,siWarbe
abuse n v gmoba,damcirebaSeubralebloba,Seuracxyofa
abusive adj damamcirebeli,Seuracxmyofeli
abut on v sazRvris qona/mosazRvreoba
ramesTan
abutted adj adv mijriT,momijnave;
~by sth ekvris/easzRvreba (teritotia/
nageboba)
abutting from adj esazRvrebs/ekvris(teritoria/nageboba),momijnave
abutment n karis/svetis qusli
abuts on(to) v ekvris...
abysm n ufskruli
lost in the dark ~ of time drois morevSi/
warsulSi Cakarguli
abyss n wyvdiadi
academic adj akademiuri,mecnieruli
~edition akademiuri gamocema
~periodical akademiis perioduli gamocema=Jurnali
~world akademiuri/samecniero wre(eb)i
acanthe/acanthi n sing/pl Gr. akanTi
acanthus/acanthi n sing/pl Lat. akanTi; n
adj daTvisterfa(si)
~like adj akanTisebri/msgavsi
accede to v daTanxmeba/mimxroba rameze
accelerate(ion) v n gaZliereba,(d)aCqareba,
mateba
accelerated adj (d)aCqarebuli
accentuate(ion)(d) v n adj mkveTrad gamoyofa/gamoyofili,xazgasma/xazgasmuli,aqcentireba/aqcentirebuli
accept v aRiareba,daTanxmeba,Tanxmoba,
miCneva,sarwmunoebis miReba,Sefaseba,CaTvla
~ a battle v brZolis miReba
~ for a job v samsaxurSi miReba
if ~ sth as sth Tu davuSvebT,rom...
acceptable adj misaRebi
acceptably adv misaRebad
acceptance n aRiareba,Tanxmoba,miReba,
Sefasebs,Tanxmoba,CaTvla
unquestioning ~ upirobo Tanxmoba
accepted adj aRiarebuli,misaRebi,miRebuli,Sefasebuli,CaTvlili,SeTanxmebuli
~idea miRebuli azri
~ in principle principulad aRiarebul~ practice miRebuli wesi
generally/universally ~ sayovelTaod
aRiarebuli,Cveulebriv...
access(see approaches) n Sesasvleli,
misadgomi,misasvleli
difficult ~ Zneli misadgomi/misasvleli
give ~ to waruZRve vinmes,Sesasvleli
sadme
accessibility n (xel)misawvdomo/misawvdomoba,misadgomad advili
accessible adj advilad misadgomi/misawvdomi,anu is,risi miRwevac SeiZleba
accession n zrda,mateba,taxtze asvla,
Sevseba,Setana,SeerTeba raime saqmeSi
accessioned adj raime damuSavebulu,anu
is,rasac emCneva adamianis namoqmedari
accessory adj damxmare(saTavsi)
accident n (ubeduri/usiamovno)SemTxveva
it is no ~ that… SemTxveviTi araa,rom...
accidental adj uneblie,SemTxveviTi
sth does not seem ~ (raRac) ar unda
iyos SemTxveviTi
in view of ~ discovery of sth… Tu gaviTvaliswinebT (am) SemTxveviT aRmoCenas(rogorc faqts)
acclaim v gamoxmaureba
accommodate v misadageba,morgeba,miyeneba,morigeba azrTa sxvaobisas,Sexmatkbileba,urTierTSerwyma,Segueba,
aRWurva,dabinaveba=mowyoba,moqceva
ramisa rameSi,momarageba,Ramis saTevi,TavSesafris micema,budeSi Casma
~needs moTxovilebaTa dakmayofileba
moTxovnebis Sesabamisad
accommodation n binadroba,saTavsi,sacxovrisi/sacxovrebeli,jaris danaveba
~facilities sacxovrebeli pirobebi,sacxovreblad saWiro nivTebi
accommodations n pl RamissaTevi=Weri,
WerqveS
accompanied adj Tanmxlebi ram,axlavs
without being ~ by sth Tanmxlebi
masalis gareSe
accompany v Tanxleba,gayola
accompanying adj Tanmxlebi
accomplish(ment) v n asruleba,daxvewa,
dasruleba,srulqmna,srulyofa,
miRweva ramis,Sesruleba
accomplished adj srulqmnili,srulyofili,dasrulebuli(nivTi/saqme)
accomplishment n srulyofileba
accomplishments n pl Rirsebebi
accord v damTxveva,Tanxvedra,morgeba,
Sexameba
~sth to sth SesabamisobaSi moyvana,mogvareba
~ with v Sejereba
accordance n Sesabamisiba
in ~ with adv Tanaxmad..,Sesabamisad,SesabamisobaSi
~ with n Sesabamisoba ramesTTan
accorded adj Sesaferisi, Sesabamisi
according to… adv mixedviT vinmesi/ramisa
accordingly adv amitom,amrigad,Sesabamisad
account n v angariSi,moxsenebiTi baraTi
mosazreba,aRwera ramisa
2
rom/rogorc...
acme n usu. sing. ostatobis mwvervali
acorn n adj rko(si)
~ shaped adj rkosebri
acquaint v gacnoba vinmesi,gaTaviseba ramisa
acquaintance n nacnobi adamiani,gacnoba
~ with sb/sth v gacnoba vinmesi/ramisa
acquaintant n nacnobi adamiani
acquainted adj gacnobili
acquire(ment) v n miRweva,miReba,mopoveba,
SeZena,moxveWa,Sesisxlxorceba,
~ a character of… v raRac xasiaTis miReba
~ an evidence v raime cnobis mopoveba
~territories miwebis SemoerTeba
acquiring ger mopoveba,SeZena
acquisition n SeZena,SenaZeni
acquit(al) v gamarTleba(damnaSavis)
acrolithic adj akroliTuri
across pron. adv (ga)daRma
~ area/broad expance adv (farTo) sivrceze
~ temporal/time expance adv droiT sivceze/sivrceSi
acropol(ies) n sing/pl Lat. Sidacixe=akropoli
acroterium/acroterii n sing/pl Gr. { frontoacroterium/acroteria n sing/pl Lat.{ nis ornamentuli Sverili=akroteriumi
act v n (mo)qmedeba,saqmianoba,aqti
acting adj mo(m)qmedi(mag.direqtori)
~ currently adj mudmivmoqmedi
action n (mo)qmedeba
coordinated ~ SeTanxmebuli ~
activate(ion) v n gaaqtiureba
actively adv aqtiurad
activities n pl saqmianoba,namoqmedari,moqmedeba(ni)
activity n (mo)qmedeba,saqmianoba,moRvaweoba
regular ~ Cveuli saqmianoba
actor n monawile ramis,msaxiobi kaci,
momqmedi
actress n msaxiobi qali
actual adj arsebuli,aSkara=namdvili,arsebiTi,aqtiuri,realuri,faqtiuri
~beginning realuri dasawyisi ramisa
~size namdvili=naturaluri zoma
in ~ fact sinamdvileSi
actually adv namdvilad,realurad,naTlad,TvalnaTliv,marTlac,pirda-
~ for v n axsna-ganmarteba
on ~ of quantity raodenobis gaTvaliswinebiT
take into ~ gaTvaliswineba,mxedvelobaSi miReba
taking ~ of the specifics Taviseburebebis gaTvaliswinebiT
sth ~ (s) sth raRac aixsneba raRaciT
accountability n pasuxismgebloba
accountant n aRmricxveli,moangariSe
accounting ger aRricxva
accoutrement n pl usu. Meomris/samxedro
aRWurviloba
acculturate (ion)(culture) v n gakultureba
accumulate (ion) v n dagroveba,dafeneba,
Tavmoyra, grova
accumulated adj dagrovili,dafenebuli,
Tavmoyrili
accuracy n wesrigi,mowesrigebuloba,sizuste,siswore,zedmiwevniT
with ~ adv sizustiT
accurate adj daxvewili,uSecdomo.sxarti,
koxta
accurately adv zedmiwevniT,zustad,koxtad,daxvewilad,uSecdomod
accuse v dadanaSauleba
~ of sty v brails wayeneba,vinmesTvis
bralis Seracxva
accusation n braldeba
accustom(ed) to v adj SeCveva/SeCveuli
aceramic adj ukeramiko
Acer palmatum n adj Lat. CitivaSla(si)
achieve(d)(ment) v adj n miRweva/miRweuli,mipoveba/mopovebuli; miRweva=
warmateba
acid(ic) n adj mJava,mJave,mJavuri
acidification n mJavianoba,mJavis Semcveli
acidify v mJaviT dabinZureba
acidity n mJavianoba
acknowledge(d) v adj dadastureba/dadasturebuli,gageba/gagebuli,Segneba/
Segnebuli; madlierebis gamoxatva,ramis daSveba,xseneba,aRiareba,
mxardaWera
~ sth v aRiareba/aRiarebuli rame,
cnoba ramis
acknowledgement n aRiareba,dasturi,
xelwerili,Setyobineba,oficialuri gancxadeba
in ~
samadloblad ramisa...
acknowledgements n pl madlobebi naSromis/wignis boloSi
acknowledging as… iTvleba/miRebulia,
3
pir,aSkarad,WeSmaritad,faqtobrivad
acumen n gamWriaxoba,gonebamaxviloba,
goniereba,mixvedriloba
acute adj maxvili=wvetiani,wamaxuli
... ad interim vinme raime movaleobis/Tanamdebobis droebiT(i) Semsrulebeli
adamant adj Seudrekeli,Seuvali
adapt v Segueba,morgeba,Sexameba
adaptability n Semguebloba,Seguebis unari
adaptable adj Semguebeli,Semguebluri
not ~ adj Seuguebeli
adaptation n Segueba,minabaZi
foreign ~ ucxo(uri) minabaZi
adapted adj Seguebuli,gamartivebuli
adapting adj Semguebluri
adaptive adj Semguebeli,Semguebluri
add v damateba,dagrZeleba,momateba,Sereva
added adj damatebuli,danamati,momatebuli,mometebuli
~ piece n zedsadgami,zevidan dasadgmeli ram,danamati
addendum/addenda n sing/pl Lat. damateba
(ni)
Adder’s tongue n adj ZaRliskbila (mc)
addition n (da)mateba,danamati
in ~ garda amisa,damatebiT,Tanac...
in ~ to sth garda(amisa),miTumetes,rom
in ~ with (amasTan)erTad,damatebiT
raRacasTan
additional adj zedmeti,damatebiTi
additionally adv damatebiT,garda amisa, zedmetad
additions n pl damatebani
additive adj danamati,minarevi
address n v misamarTi,mimarTva vinmesadmi,misamarTis dawera rameze
adduce v dasabuTeba,sabuTis/dasturis
moZieba/moxmoba
adducing sth/by ~ sth v sabuTis moxmobiT
adequate(ly) adj adv sakmarisi/sakmarisad,
Sesabamisi/Sesabamisad
adhere v (darCe) erTguli vinmesi/ramisa
adv (Se)uryevlad
~ faith v (romelime) sarwmunoebaze mimxroba
adhesive adj webovani
adiantum n adj veneras Tma (mc)
adjacent adj gverdiTi, mimdebare
adjoin (ed) v adj dakavSireba/dakavSirebu-
mierTeba/mierTebuli,SeerTeba/SeerTebuli
adjoining adj gverdiTi,mimdebare,mibmuli
mierTebuli,miSenebuli,mosazRvre,
erTmaneTze mibjenili(agurebi/
qvebi/Senoba)
adjoins v ekvris,esazRvreba rames rame
adjunct(ive) n adj danamati,damatebiTi
adjure v ficis Tqma
adjust(ed) v adj morgeba/morgebuli,Segueba/Seguebuli,Sedareba/Sedarebuli,
Semowmeba/Semowmebuli
adjustment n morgeba,mowesrigeba,SeTanxmeba
administer/administration v n marTva,mmarTveloba,mowyoba,aRsruleba,saqmis
warmarTva/warmoeba
administrative adj administraciuli,mmarT
velobiTi
~ system administracia,mmarTvelobis
sistema
admire(ation)(r) v n Tayvaniscema,pativiscema;Tayvanismcemeli,aRtaceba
admissible adj dasaSvebi
admit v aRniSvna,aRiareba,dadastureba,
daSveba ramis,SeSveba sadme vinmesi
admittance n daswreba(leqciaze,Cvenebaze,SeSveba sadme
admitted adj daSvebuli,miRebuli,SeTanxmebuli,SeSvebuli sadme
admittedly adv aRiarebulad,saerTo
aRiarebiT
admitting… adj damadasturebeli...
admixture(d) v adj Sereva/Sereuli,narevi
admonish(ment) v n gadarwmuneba,gafrTxileba,damoZRvra
admonition n gafrTxileba,damoZRvra
admonitory adj gamafrTxilebeli
adobe n senaki=kelia,alizi,umi/bzenarevi aguri
adj v alizis,aliziT Selesva
n adj (AmE) aliz-aguri(s)
~ cottage n miwuri saxli
adolescence n siWabuke
adolescency n siWabuke,Wabukoba,axalgazrdoba
adolescent n adj axalgazrda/axalgazrduli,ymawvili,Wabuki/Wabukuri
Adonic adj adonisuri
adopt(ion) v n Svilad ayvana=Svileba,
gadmoReba=mibaZva,sesxeba,raime sarwmunoebis miReba
~ measures v zomebis miReba
4
~ a rule
v wesad qceva
~ opinion of sb v vinmes azris gaziareba
adopted adj naSvilebi,gadmoRebuli
vinmesgan
adorer n Tayvnismcemeli
adorn(ed) v adj morTva/morTuli,gawyoba/gawyobili,Semkoba/Semkuli
adornment n morTuloba,samkauli
~ mounting n samkauli
adorsed adj (AmE) urTierTzurgSeqceuli
adult adj mozrdili,zrdasruli adamiani
advance(s) n v winsvla,ganviTareba,miRwevebi,sakiTxis/Tezisis wamoyeneba/wamoWra;romelime xanis dadgoma,ayvaveba,ganviTareba
in ~ adv winaswar
~post n wina sveti(raime nagebobis)
advanced adj ganviTarebuli,gazrdili,
gawafuli,daxelovnebuli,
win wasuli
advancement n winsvla,gamosworeba ramis, ganviTareba, winsvla
advancing adj zrdadi,mzardi
advantage n upiratesoba,warmateba,winsvla
~ upon sth upiratesoba rameze/ramesTan SedarebiT
Advent (the) n gamocxadeba/movlineba
(bibl),saSobao marxva,4 kviriani
periodi Sobamde
advent v n romelime xanis dadgoma,aRmoceneba(ara mcenaris),gamoCena,gaCena romelime xalxis misvla/mosvla
romelime teritoriaze
~ after/before v romelime xanis dadmis Semdeg/dadgomamde
adventure n Tavgadasavali
adverse adj arasaxarbielo/xelsayreli,
mavne
adversity n ubedureba
against ~ adv Tavdasxmis pasuxad
advertise v gancxadebis gamoqveyneba,gamo
cxadeba
advice n darigeba,rCeva,Segoneba
accept/take ~ v rCevis miReba
constructive/useful ~ sasargeblo
rCeva
advise v darigeba,rCeva,Segoneba
advisable adj sasurveli(a)
adviser n mrCeveli
advisory board n mrCevelTa sabWo
advocate n v momxre,damcveli; dacva,
mxardaWera,mimxroba
fervent ~ mxurvale damcveli
adz n xowi
aerarium/aerarii n sing/pl Lat. saturnis
taZris xazina
aerial n avia/sahaero foto
aesthetic(al)(s) n adj esTetika,esTetikuri
aetiological adj etiologiuri
aetiology n etiologia
affair n movlena
affairs(see temporal) n pl saqme(eb)(n)i,samuSao,moRvaweoba=cxovreba
affect v gavlena,dazaraleba,zemoqmedeba
affiance v pirobis micema daqorwinebaze
affianced adj daniSnuli(sacole/saqmro)
afficiate v eklesiaSi samsaxuri
afield adv mindvrad,mindorSi,velad/
velze
affiliate(ion) v n saTavis/sawyisis moZieba,
Tvalis gadevneba saTaveebze,gaer
Tianeba,SeerTebawevrad miReba,
ubedureba
affinity n (naTesauri/sulieri) siaxlove,
simpaTiis qona vinmes mimarT
affix (ation) v n mimagreba ramisa rameze,
rameze,xelis mowera=xelrTva
~ a seal v beWdis dasma sabuTze
affluence n simdidre,siWarbe
affluent n adj mdinaris wylis debiti;
mdidruli,Warbi
afford v nebis/saSualebis micema
afoot to v mzadyofnis gamoxatva
aforest(ation) v n tyis gaSeneba,gatyianeba
afraid predict.. adj SeSinebuli,SiSis
grZnoba
be ~ of sb/sth v SeSfoTeba,SiSi
after prep. adv conj. Semdeg,Semdgom; mas
Semdeg,rac...
not long ~ arcTu didi xnis mere, male
~ sb/sth adv msgavsad,mixedviT
afterlife n saiqio
aftermath(s) n ubedurebis/omis Sedegebi
afterwards adv Semdeg
again adv kvlav,kidev Tavidan,xelaxla
~ and ~ adv kvlav da kvlav
once ~ adv kidev erTxel
against prep. winaaRmdeg
~this/that background adv am/im fonze
agate n adj aqati(s)
age n v asaki,xana;daRvineba,momwifeba
5
~ of greatness didebis/zeobis xana
~ old adj ZvelisZveli,ZvelTaZveli
sb in his/her 30s or 40s vinme 30-40 wlis
sense of ~ siZvelis grZnoba
subadult ~ zrdausruli,umwifari
aged adj asakovani=drouli,wlovani,
mxcovani,xandazmuli
~between N and N years daaxloebiT
N da N asakisa
ageing ger dabereba,daZveleba,daRvineba,momwifeba,xandazmuloba
agelong adj xangrZlivi(mag. tradicia)
ages n pl xanebi
in ~ adv xanebSi
agenda n dRis wesrigi
ager n Lat. miwa,miwis nakveTi,qveynis
kuTxe,samflobelo
agger n yrili
agglomerate(ion) n v mogroveba,Tavmoyra
agglunative/agglunating konstruqciulad
erTmaneTTan ZiriTadi birTviT dakavSirebuli nagebobebi,webovani ram
aggrandize(ment) v n gandideba
self ~ TviTgandideba
aggregate(ion) v n adj dagroveba,erToblioba,Tavmoyra,mogroveba
dis ~ danawevreba, daSla
agnatical adj tomobrivi
Agnus Dei Lat. RvTis kravi
agora n Gr. agora
agrapha n agrafa
agraphe n agrafi (ix.balTa)
agrarian adj sasoflo-sameurneo
early ~ adresamiwaTmoqmedo
agree v daTanxmeba,Tanxvedra,damTxveva
agreed adj SeTanxmebuli,Sejerebuli
not ~ adj SeuTanxmebeli
agreement n SeTanxmeba=xelSekruleba,
Tanxmoba,garigeba,morigeba,politikuri traqtati
agricultural adj sasoflo-sameurneo,samiwaTmoqmedo,memindvreoba
~ activities/ecinimy soflis meurneoba
~ implements sasoflo-sameurneo
iaraRebi
pre ~ adresamiwaTmoqmedo
agriculturalist n memindvre=miwaTmoqmedi
agriculture n memindvreoba=miwaTmoqmedeba
plough ~ saxnavi miwaTmoqmedeba
agropastoral adj memindvre-mesaqonle(oba)
agropastoralist n memindvre-mesaqonle
ahead adv win(aswar)(aris)(swrafva)
aid n v saSualeba,daxmareba,damxmare
aide n TanaSemwe
Aide-de-camp n Fr, adiutanti
ailing adj avadmyofi, susti
aim n v mizani; damizneba,miSvera,dapireba(gaakeTo/Tqva rame)
main ~ mTavari mizani
aimed adj gamiznuli,damiznebuli
aimless(ly) adj adv umizno
air n adj v haeri(s), ganiaveba=haeris
gawmenda
~ dried adj haerze gamomSrali
~ dry
v
~
gamoSroba
~ hole=wind ~ n sasule=sahaero(Tonis/
quris)
~ shaft/vent n sahaero/haergamwmendi
xvreli/Saxti
aisle n gasavleli rigebs Soris, ramis
garsSemosavleli sivrce,nefi=gverdi
diTi minaSeni eklesiaze
cross ~(see transept) eklesiis ganivi nefi=transepti
akin adj monaTesave,naTesavi,axlobeli,
msgavsi
alabaster n adj alabastri(s),alabastroni
alas! int. samwuxarod, vai,rom...
albeit conj Tumc(a), da mainc...
Album graecum n adj ZaRlis pilwa(si)(mc
alchemist n alqimikosi
alchemy n alqimia
alcove n ganjina,TaxCa,niSa,walo
alder tree n adj Txmela/Txmelis=muryani/
murynis
alert to sth v miTiTeba,rom…
Alexandrite n adj aleqsandriti(s)
alied adj mokavSire(Ta)
alien adj gadmoRebuli,ucxo(eli)
~ domination ucxoelTa batonoba
align with sb v TanamSromloba/kavSiri
vinmesTan
aligned adj erT rigSiganlagebuli/Cawyo
bili,Carigebuli,erT rigad dawyobili
align(ment) v n erT xazze ganlageba,rigSi
Cawyoba,SeerTeba
alight v Camosvla(transportidan,cxenidan,Camovakeba(daRmarTidan)
alike predict. adj (erTmaneTis) msgavsi
adv erTnairad
alive adj cocxali
keep ~ v cocxlad SenarCuneba
6
vsi
allumina n adj Tixamiwa/miwis
allurement n cduneba,mizidulobis Zala
allusive adj uxilavi
alluvial adj danaleqi
alluvium/alluvia n adj Lat. danaleqi fena/
qani,konglomerati
ally n mokavSire
almandine n adj almandini(s)=wiTeli iagundi(s)
almandinite n adj Zowi(s)
almond(y) n adj nuSi(s)(ebri)
almost adv TiTqmis
~ immediately after sth adv dauyovnebliv
(TiTqmis) maSinve
alone adv ganmartoebiT,marto,calke,
cal-calke
~ of sth adv mxolod
let ~ sth
Tavi rom davaneboT...
~ stand(ing) calke dgas/mdgomi
along adv gaswvriv,sigrZiv,gayolebiT
~ the axis RerZze,RerZis gaswvriv
~ with sb/sth… prep. vinmesTan/ramesTan
alongside adv gverdiT,erTad
~one another adv erTmaneTis miyolebiT
run ~ gasdevs
~with adv vinmesTan/ramesTan erTad
alongate(d) v adj wagrZeleba/wagrZelebuli
aloofness n ampartavneba
alotment n nawyalobevi miwa
alphabetic(al) adj anbanuri
~ list anbanze dalagebuli nusxa/sia
alpine adj alpuri,maRalmTiani
already adv ukve
~ familiar
Cveuli,Cveulebrivi
also adv ...c, agreTve
altar n bagini.bomoni, sakurTxeveli,samsxverplo
fire ~ cecxlis taZari
~ of peace mSvidobis samsxverplo
~ piece
samsxverplos ukana xati
sacrifial ~ warmarTuli samsxverplo
side ~ egvteri=ekvderi
alter(ation) v n (Se)cvla,(saxe)cvlileba
altered adj Secvlili, saxecvlili
in ~ form Secvlili saxiT,saxecvlili
alternating adj cvladi,cvalebadi
alternative adj magieri=Semcvleli=meore,
sxva
~ to sth ramis magieri
all adj pron adv yvela,yoveli,sul,yvelaferi,yvelani
~ embracing adj yovlismomcveli
~
~ study kompleqsuri Seswavla
~ in one mTliani=erTi mTeli
~ kinds of… yvelanairi,yovelgvari
~ the same miuxedavad imisa,rom…
~ and singular yvela da TiToeuli
~ of a sudden moulodnelad,uceb
~ together=altogether
yvela erTad
in ~ mTlianad,mTlianobaSi,sul,Sedegad,jamSi
in ~ likelihood yvelanairi niSniT
all-powerful adj yovlisSemZle
all-wise adj yovlad brZeni
allege v gacxadeba ramis,mtkiceba
alleged adj moCvenebiTi,yalbi,savaraudo
~conspiracy with sb savaraudo SeTqmuleba vinmesTan vinmes winaaRmdeg
~liniage of sb vinmes savaraudod ufro
keTilSobiluri warmomavloba
allegedly adv (TiTqos) usafuZvlo(d)
allegiance n xelisuflebis morCileba
~ from…to… vasaloba=xelisuflebis
morCileba
alert to sth
miTiTeba,rom…
alien adj ucxo(uri), aradamaxasiaTebeli
alignment n ganlageba,mdebareoba
along with sth (raRac) raRacasTan erTad
alleviate v Semsubuqeba,Serbileba,Semcireba
alley n quCa(bandi),Sesaxvevi
~ way n gasasvleli
alliance n kavSiri
in ~ with adv kavSirSi vinmesTan
Almighty (the) n yovlisSemZle=RmerTi
Almirary Theba ambioni sinagogaSi,saidanac ikiTxeba Tora
allocate(ion) v n dadgena,Tanxis daniSvna
gamoyofa
allure v datyvveba,mizidva,moxibvla,Secdena=cduneba
allow v nebis darTva,ramis daSveba,saSualebis micema
allowable adj dasaSvebi,nebadarTuli
allowance n gasamrjelo
allowed adj nebadarTuli
alloy v n adj Sednoba,Senadnobi(s)
allude v daeyrdno vinmes/rames,moixsenio
~to above mentiond zemoxsenebulis mixedviT
~ to the shape of sth raime formis msga-
7
although conj. pron. amasTan,TiTqos,Tumc(a),miuxedavad imisa,rom…
altitude n simaRle,samSeneblo done,nacxovrebi fena
at an ~ simaRleze(zRvis donidan, sazo
gadoebaSi)
altogether adv erTbaSad,sul,yvela erTTad,sruliad/srulebiT
altun n alTuni (moneta)
alumna/alumnae n sing/pl Lat.(AmE) moswavle/studenti gogo/qali
alumnus/alumni n sing/pl Lat. (AmE) moswavle/studenti vaJi
alumni n (AmE) kursdamTavrebuli(qali/
kaci)
always adv yovelTvis
amadeu n adj abedi(s)
amaranth=Amaranthus gen. Lat. n adj jijilaya(si)
amass(ed) n adj dagroveba/dagrovili,
Tavmoyra/Tavmoyrili,koleqciis Sekreba
amateur n adj moxalise.moyvaruli=diletanti,gauwafavi
amaze(d)(ing) v adj gaogneba,gamaognebeli
ambassador/ambassadress n elCi kaci/qali (ix. saelCo)
amber n adj qarva/qarvis,sunamo
~ Fauna
mweri/cxoveli qarvaSi
~ Flora
mcenare qarvaSi
ambergris n adj ambra/ambris
ambience n garemo
ambiguity n bundovaneba,daudgenloba,gaurkvevloba,orazrovneba
ambiguous(ly) adj adv bundovani/bundovnad,arazusti/zustad,aramkafio(d),gaurkveveli/gaurkvevlad,gaugebari/gaugebrad,orazrovani/orazrovnad,saeWvod
ambition n urvili,miswrafeba,swrafva,pativmoyvareoba
ambo n ambioni,safsalmune
ambulatory n daxuruli galerea,TaRnari
arkada,garsSemosavleli
ambush v n Casafreba;safari(Casasafrebeli)
ameliorate(ion) v n gaumjobeseba
amenable adj damjere,damyoli,morCili,
pasuxismgebeli vinme
amenably adv morCilad
amendment n Sesworeba
move an ~ v Sesworeba,Sesworebis
Setana
amethyst n adj amrTvisto(si)
amidst adv Soris(ramdenime rames)
ammunition n aRkazmuloba,aRWurviloba
~ pounch n sasafante kilita
among(st) pron Soris...
amount n raodenoba
~(s) to raRac aRwevs raRac zomas/
farTobs, moicavs
in ~ of… raRac raodenobiT...
large (in) ~ of sth didi raodenoba ramis
small ~ /part of sth mcire
~
~
amphictyony n amfiqtioni
amphitheater n amfiTeatri
amphitryon n amfitrioni
amphityron n amfitironi
amphora/amphorae n sing/pl Lat. amfora
~ pendant n ~ sakidi
~ rhyton
n ~ ritoni
~ tara=carrying=transport ~ n ~ tara
~ with a pointed saucer n quslwvetiani~
~ with interception n welwvrili ~
bell ~ n zarisebri ~
carrot-shaped ~ n stafilisebri ~
jar-like ~ n
~ dergi
neck ~ n
maRalyeliani ~
Puglia ~ n
apuliis ~
spindle-shaped ~ n TiTistarisebri ~
storing ~ n maragis Sesanaxi ~
amphoriskos/amphoriskoi n sing/pl Gr. amforiski
ample adj v mkveTri,mkafio,mniSvnelovani,uxvi;mdidari,tevadi, sarze gasma
~ confirmation of sth mkafio dasturi ramisa
~ evidence uxvi monapovari,saukeTeso
sabuTi ramisa
~ scientific heritage mdidari mecnieruli
memkvidreoba
amplification n gaZliereba,gadideba,zrda,
,mateba
amplified adj gaZlierebuli,gafarToebuli
amplify v gaZliereba,gadideba,gafarToeba,ganviTareba,zrda
amply adv aSkarad,TvalnaTliv,TvalsaCinod,mkafiod,mSvenivrad,uxvad
~ demonstrated uxvad warmodgenili,
mSvenivrad Cans...
amulet n avgarozi,Tilisma
amuletic adj avgarozisa,Tilismisa
~ power Tilismis Zala
amuse (ment) v n garToba,gancxroma,
siamovneba
8
anager n kanjari
anachronism n anaqrinizmi
anachronistic adj anaqronistuli
anaerobic adj uhaero(ba)(Si)
analogous adj analogiuri
analyses/analysis n analizi
artistic ~ mxatvruli ~
catchment ~ gamowvlilviTi ~
analyze v analizi,gaanalizeba
anaphora/anaphorae n sing/pl Gr. anafora
anathema n Gr. anaTema
anathemise v Gr anaTemaze gadacema
anatomical adj anatomiuri
~ order
~
wesrigi
anatomy n anatomia
ancestor(s) n gvaris fuZemdebeli=winapari,mamebi=winaprebi
ancestral to adj winamorbedi=winmswrebi.
manmade arsebuli,memkvidreobiTi,
sagvareulo
~ property
mama-papeuli,memkvidreobiTi qoneba
ancestry n warmomavloba=memkvidreoba,
gvariSviloba,winaprebi=mamebi
anchor n v Ruza,Ruzaze dayeneba=Ruzis CaSveba,ankeri(T) damagreba
~ like adj Ruzisebri
anchorage n ankeriT damagreba
anchorite n anaqoreti=meudabnoe=dayudebuli beri
anciency n siZvele,saukuneTa siRrme
in ~ saukuneTa siRrmeSi,Zvelad
ancient n adj brZenkaci; gardasuli,saukuneobrivi,Zalian Zveli,Zveleburi,
ZvelisZveli,warsuli
in ~ times adv Zvelad
the most ~ adj uZvelesi
anciently adv ZvelTaganve
ancillary adj damatebiTi,damxmare
~ chamber n damxmare saTavsi
and conj da (kavSiri)
~ beyond… da Semdeg...
~ finally…
da bolos...
~ more particularly da ufro zustad…
~ not even all that… da ara marto es…
~ so…
da amdenad...
~ so forth/on da ase Semdeg=a.S.
~ such like
da msgavsni
andiron(see trivet) n samfexi(cecxlze dasadgmeli)
androgen n qalis msgavsi kaci
anew v ga(n)axleba,xelaxla dawyeba
angel n angelozi
~ food sakulto kveri(ix.sefiskveri)
Angelica n adj tyis angeloza(si), AngeliCa hirsuta Lat.
anger n v sibraze,mrisxaneba; gabrazeba,
ganrisxeba,gajavreba
angle n kuTxe,kuTxisa,kuTxeSi,mimarTuleba,sakiTxisadmi midgoma
acute ~/ arris/closed ~ maxvili kuTxe
at ~ with sth kuTxiT ramesTan
blunt/obtuce ~ blagvi kuTxe
crossing ~ gadakveTis ~
~ degree kuTxis gradusi
0
flat/straight ~ gaSlili ~ 180
interior/internal ~
intersecting ~ gadakveTis ~
~ iron n kuTxovana liTonis
mitre ~ 450-iani ~
obtuse ~ blagvi
~
pilyhedral ~ mravalkuTxa ~
right ~ swori ~
salient ~ gamoSverili ~
skew ~ daxrili ~
quadrantal ~ Sveuli ~
quoin (ing) ~ Sida ~
vertical ~ Sveuli ~
quadrantal ~ marTi kuTxe=900
tilt n daxrilobis kuTxe
angobaged adj mowernaqebuli,wernaqiani
=angobiani
angobe n adj v wernaqi(s),mowernaqeba
angular(see stone) adj dakuTxuli,kuTxisa,
kuTxovani
animal n adj cxoveli,pirutyvi,cxoveluri
~ husbandry n mesaqonleoba
large domestic ~ msxvilfexa saqoneli
small
~
~ wvrilfexa
~
prance(d) ~ wina fexebze mdgomi cxoveli
rampart ~ ukana
~
~
~
~ scene(s)
cxoveluri scena/scenebi
~ shed n boseli,saCexi,saqonlis sadgomi,qalta
taunt(ing) ~ Sxamiani cxoveli
animalistic adj cxoveluri
animate(ion) v n gacocxleba
animated adj gacocxlebuli
anklet n sakanWuri,fexis rgoli(samklauri)
annal n erTi wlis matiane=anali
annals n pl analebi,matiane
9
si(ix. kramiti)
antenuptial adj qorwinebamdeli
anteroom n wina oTaxi,holi
anthem n tropari,saxelmwifo himni
anther n mtvriana
anthropogenetic adj anTropogenuri=adamianis mier Seqmnili
anthropoid n adamianisebri/msgavsi
anthropologist n anTropologi
anthropology n anTropologia
anthropomorphous adj anTropomorfuli
anticing adj mimzidveli
anticipate(ion) v n molodini,winaTgrZnoba,SorsmWvreteloba
anticipated adj mosalodneli,SorsmWvreteluri
be ~ v iyo SorsmWvreteli
antilogy n Seusabamo termini(ramisTvis)
antilope n niamori,qurciki
antimonite n adj anTimoniti(s)
antimony n adj anTimoni(s)
antiquarian n antikvari(adamiani)
antiquary
n antikvari(nivTi)
antiquated adj dromoWmuli,moZvelebuli,
Zvelmoduri
antique adj antikuri,antikvaruli,Zveleburi
antiquities n pl siZveleebi
antiquity n antikuroba,siZvele
in ~
antikur droSi,Zvelad
extreme ~ Rrma/Soreuli warsuli
antirust adj Jangis/koroziis
sawinaaRmdego
antiseismic adj antiseismuri
antler prong n irmis rqis tots
~industry irmis rqis warmoeba
~ rod
n
~
~
Reri/Rero
~tine
n
~
~
wanazardi
~ tool
n
~
~
iaraRi
antlers n pl only irmis qorbuda rqebi
anxious adj mowadinebuli
any pron. raime,romelime
in ~ case adv ramenairad,yvela/yovel
SemTxvevaSi
~ body pron vinme
~ thing
"
rame
~ way adv rogorme,rogorRac,yovel/yvela SemTxvevaSi
~ where av sadme,yvelgan
apadana n apadana
apart adv prep garda,calke
~ from sb/sth garda vinmesi/ramisa
annalist n mematiane
anneal v mironcxeba,gaxureba,(gamo)wva/
wrToba
anneal(ed) v adj liTonis gaxureba; momwvari
annex(ation) v n mimateba,mibma,miSeneba,
teritoriis mierTeba=aneqsia,dakavSireba; danarTi (rameze)
annex(ed) n adj minaSeni; mibmuli,miSenebuli,aneqsirebuli
annihilate(d)(ion) v n adj ganadgureba,ganadgurebuli
annniversary n wlisTavi
celebrate ~ wlisTavis zeimi/zeimoba
mark
~
~
aRniSvna
annona/annonae n sing/pl Lat. wlis mosavali
annotate(ion) v n ganmarteba,anotacia
announce(ment) v n gancxadeba,Setyobineba
annual(ly) adj adv (yovel)wliuri/wliurad,weliwdeuli
annul v gauqmeba,anulireba
annular adj rgolisebri,wriuli
~ ring(s) xis zrdis(wliuri)rgol(eb)i
annulary n araTiTi=usaxelo TiTi
Annunciation (the)=Annunciation to Mary n
xareba=RvTismSoblis mimarT
gamocxadeba
Annunciator n maxarebeli
anoint n adj zeTi(s)=nelsacxeb(e)li(s)
anoint(ment) v n mironcxeba,nelsacxebcxeba/wasma
anomalous adj anomaluri
anonymous=anon. adj usaxelo,ucnobi,
anonimuri
answer n v pasuxi
answerable adj pasuxismgebeli,pasuxgasacemi
answered adj napasuxebi,pasuxgacemuli
not ~ adj pasuxgaucemeli,upasuxo
answering adj sapasuxo
anta/antae n sing/pl Lat. ante=anti
antecedence n winswreba=upiratesoba
antecedent adj (wina)morbedi/pari,winmswrebi
antecedents n pl pirovnebis/pirovnebaTa warsuli(istoria)
antedate v daZveleba=xanis momateba,winswreba
antedating adj raime,rac ukana ricxviT
aTariRebs rasme
antefixa/antefixorum n sing/pl Lat. antefiq-
10
vileba,Serbileba daZabulobis
appellation n dasaxeleba,saxelwodeba,saxeli
appendage n danamati ramis, danarTi
wignis
appendix/appendices=appendixes n sing/pl .
Lat. danarTi naSromze(ilustraciebisaxelTa saZiebeli a.S),damateba(ni),SeniSvna naSromis bolos
apple (tree) n adj vaSli(s) xe/xis
~ of discord
ganxeTqilebis vaSli
applicable adj vargisi,gamosadegi,Sesabamisi
~ for sth adj misadagebuli
applicant n ganmcxadebeli,mTxovneli,
maZiebeli
application n Txovna,gancxadeba,mimarTva
applied adj raime TandarTuli rameze
~ to ewodeba rame,exeba rames,erTvis
raime rasme
~ arts gamoyenebiTi xelovneba
applique n kilita,zoli,naqargi
~ design daZerwili ornamenti
apply v gancxadebiT/TxovniT mimarTva,
wasma ramisa rameze,daZerwva,miZerwva,misadageba,Tan darTva ramisa
rameze,gadasma,Selesva,SeRebva
~ oneself on doing sth
Tavis Sewirva
saqmisTvis
appoint v gadasaxadis dadgena/Sewera,
memkvidris gamocxadeba,dagegmva,
Tanamdebobaze daniSvna,(drois/Sexvedris) daniSvna
appointed adj dadgenili,moniSnuli,
moxazuli,Sewerili
appointment n paemani,Sexvedra,Tanamdeboba
apportion(ed) v adj gamoyofa/gamoyofili,
ganawileba/ganawilebuli
apportune(ly) adj adv drouli,droulad
appraise(d) v adj Seaseba,Sefasebuli
appreciate(ion) v n dafaseba,Sefaseba,aRiareba
in ~ for sth Sefaseba damsaxurebisamebr,
ramis SefasebisaTvis…
appreciated adj aRiarebuli,dafasebuli
apprentice n v Segirdi,Segirdad ayvana
apprenticeship n Segirdoba,Segirdobis/
swavlis periodi; moRvaweobis/saqmianobis (da)sawyisi
apprenticing ger Segirdad ayvana
appreciate(ion) v n dafaseba,gansazRvra,
~of sb/sth calke vinmesgan/ramisgan
apartment n sacxovrisi,sacxovrebeli
ape n adamianisebri maimuni
aperture n naprali, xvreli
apex/apexes=apices n wveri,umaRlesi
wertili,mwvervali
at the ~ of …mwvervalze(ostatobis)
apiculture n mefutkreoba
apiece(d) v adj danawevreba/danawevrebunaWrebad daWra/daWrili
apocryphal adj apokrifuli
apoicia/apoiciae n sing/pl Lat. apoikia
apoikiai
?
n Gr. apoikia
apology n apologia
apostacy=apostasy n rwmenisgan gandgoma,
rjulis Ralati
apostil n SeniSvna wignis aSiaze
apostle n qristes mociquli
apostolic adj samociqulo
apothecary n afTiaqari
apotropaic adj apotrofuli
apparatus n aparati,xelsawyo
~ of state saxelmwifo aparati
apparel n v morTuloba,Sesamoseli,Semosva
appareled adj Semosili,morTuli(mag,xati)
apparent adj aSkara/TvalnaTlivi,moCvenebiTi,naTeli,SedarebiT cnobili(a),
udao
apparently adv aSkarad,TvalnaTliv,udaod,ueWvelad,amdenad..,savaraudod
Sedegad
appeal v mimarTo vinmes TxovniT
appear v gamoCena,movlena=movlineba,
amotivtiveba(ara wylidan)A
~ in certain manner gamoCena raRac saxiT/formiT
~ to light gamoCena,gamoaSkaraveba,dRis
naTleze gamosvla
make an ~ v gamoCena=movlineba
appearance n garegnuli iersaxe=gamometyveleba,saxe,Sesaxedaoba,garegnoba,
gamomoCena
in ~ adv garegnobiT,garegnulad,saxiT,gamometyvelebiT
~of sb/sth vinmes/ramis gamoCena
with the ~ of sb/sth vinmes/ramis gamoCenasTan erTad
fleeting ~ moulodneli gamoCena
…appears to be… v Cans...
~ to run through… v Cans,moicavs...
appease v damSvideba,morjuleba,gaad-
11
Sefaseba
approach n v miaxloeba,damokidebuleba/
midgoma vinmesadmi/ramisadmi
~ to problem sakiTxisadmi midgoma
in ~ for sth damsaxurebisamebr Sefaseba,ramis SefasebisaTvis
approaches(see access) n pl misadgomebi
on the ~ of… misadgomebTan…
approachless adj miudgomeli,miuwvdomeli,Seuwvdomeli
appropriate adj vargisi,misadagebuli,morgebuli,saTanado,saWiro,Sesabamisi
Sesaferisi;
v
miTviseba
~ position morgebuli/Sesabamisi adgili/mdgomareoba
appropriatness n drouloba,vargisianoba,Sesabamisoba
approval n Tanxmoba
approve v daTanxmeba=aRiareba,miReba
~ a bill v kanonproeqtiskanonis miReba
~ a request Txovnis dakmayofileba
approved adj aRiarebuli,miRebuli,SeTanxmebuli
approximate adj daaxloebiTi,miaxloebiTi,miaxloeba,raRac sizustiT
v daaxloeba/miaxloeba gamoTvlisas
approximated adj daaxloebiT,miaxloebiTi,miaxloebuli
approximately adv daaxloebiT,miaxloebiT
approximating to… miaxloebiT raime cifrTan
~ to some shape miaxlebiT raime formasTan
approximation n miaxloeba raime cifrTan
appurtenances n pl aucilebeli nivTebi
April n aprili=vardobisai=igrika
Aprakos Gr. samociqulo(sakiTxavi teqsti)
apron n feStamali=winsafari
apse n absida=afsida
perched out ~ Sverili afsida
extending/projecting ~ win waweuli afsida
apsidal adj absiduri=afsiduri
apt v morgeba,misadageba
adj vargisi,misadagebuli,morgebuli,
maxvili,upriani,Sesabamisi,Sesaferisi,gamosadegi,zusti
aptitude(in sth) n vargisianoba,saTanadooba
niWi,unari,Sesabamisoba
aptly adv zustad,morgebulad,kargad,saqm-
is codniT,Sesabamisad
~ fitted adj morgebuli (detali/samosi)
aquamarine n adj akvamarini(s) fff
aquate(d) sth with sth v adj gaTanabreba/ga
Tanabrebuli(rame ramesTan)
aquation n gaTanabrebuli
aqueduct n akveduki
arable adj sarwyavi/damuSavebuli miwa
aragonite n adj aragoniti(s)
arak n adj Arab. arayi/aryis
arbitrarily adv despoturad,TviTneburad
arbitration n saSuamavlo ganxilva/sasamarTlo
arbor n adj maRlari(s) vazi(s)=babilo
arboreal vegetation xeze asuli sxva mcenare
arboriculture n mebaReoba,mexileoba
arc=ark n rkali (wrewiris nawili)
~around Semorkaluli
~ boundant TaRiani (sa)bjeni,iaqTaRi=
kontrforsi
arcade(see town) n TaRedi=TaRnari,funduki,qarvasla
arch n adj pref. TaRi(s),kamara,(naxevar)
wriuli gumbaTi
above/over ~ TaRszeda/kamariszeda ~
basket ~ samcentriani TaRi
corbel(ed) ~
Sveriliani/cru
~
discharging/relieving ~ ganmtvirTavi/Semamsubuqebeli ~
flat/straight ~ brtyeli ~
full(perfect/round head) ~ naxevarwriuli~
horseshoe ~ nalisebri/mavritanuli ~
intrados n TaRis Sida zedapiri
~ like adj TaRisebri
perfect/rounded ~ naxevarwriuli ~
stilted ~ cicabo ~
stiltered ~ svetebze dayrdnobili TaRi
strainer ~ unagira TaRi
~ way TaRnari, TaRedi
archaeology(er)(ist) n arqeologi
archaeological adj arqeologiuri
~ complex/context arqeologiuri kompleqi/konteqsti
~riches arqeologiuri simdidreebi
archaeologically adv arqeologiurad
~ attested
~ dadasturebuli
~ located
~ dadgenili mdebareoba
~ traced
~ dadasturebuli(mag.varaudi)
archangel n mTavarangelozi
archbishop n mTavarepiskoposi,meufe(o) !
12
arqiepiskoposi
archbishopric adj episkoposoba,saepiskoposo
archdeacon n mTavardiakoni/diakvani
archdiocese adj saepiskoposo
arched adj gumbaTiani,TaRiani,morkaluli,moSvilduli,rkalisebri.rkaluri
archer n moisari,mSvildosani
skilled mounted ~ cxenosani moisari meomari
archery n mSvildosnoba
archetype n arqetipi
arching adj morkaluli
architecture n xuroTmoZRvreba
civil ~
saero ~
ecclesiastical ~ saeklesio ~
sacral ~
ritualuri/saritualo ~
archival adj saarqivo
archive v arqivSi qona/Senaxva,daarqiveba
archive(s) n arqivi,siZveleTa sacavi
archivolt n adj Ital. arqivolti(s)
~ with three fasciae ~ sami lilvakiT
archpriest n dekanozi
architrave n adj Fr. arqitravi(s)
~ with two fasciae
~ ori lilvakiT
voussoir ~
solisebri ~
archwise adv adj TaRisebr(i),.kamarisebr(i)
ard(ous) adj mZime,Sromatevadi,Zneli
area n adgili,are,arqeologiuri Zegli,miwis nakveTi,(samuSao)moedani,
kvlevis sfero,dargi,sivrce,teritoria velze,zedapiri,moedani,farTobi
~cobbled ~ kenWebiT mofenili moedani
~of discussion gansaxilvel sakiTxTa
wre
~of human habitation nasaxlari,namosaxlari
~ sketch kroki (fr)
adjoining ~ mosazRvre/mezobeli teritoria
building ~ samSeneblo moedani
extensive ~ didi/vrceli teritoria
in ~
… farTobiT…
grey ~ bundovani/gaurkveveli(mag.teqstSi)
over a wide ~ did farTobze
total ~ sruli farTobi
areal n are(ali)
areaway n gasasvleli Senobebs Soris,)
(gars)Semosavleli sivrce
arena/arenae n sing/pl Lat. arena
argasteriarchos n Gr. xelosanTuxucesi
argillaceous adj Tixovani,Tixis Semcveli
arguable adj sadao,sakamaTo
arguably adj adv sadao(d),risi damtkicebac SeiZleba,sakamaTod
argue v Tqma,gacxadeba,mtkiceba ramis,
moTxovna,kamaTi,mtkiceba,darwmunba vinmesi
~against/for mtkiceba ramisa sawinaaRMdegod/sasargeblod
~ along the line of sb ramis mtkiceba
vinmes azris mixedviT/vinmesTan
erTad
~for sth raRac miuTiTebs/laparakobs
raRacas/raRacaze
~ that…
v amtkico,rom...
argument n v sabuTi/argumenti,dasabuTeba
base sb's ~ on sth v dayrdnoba raime
argumentze
by ~ am/im sabuTiT/argumentiT...
dismiss ~ uaryo argumenti
arid adj mSrali=uwylo
~ gully mSralxevi,mSrali kanioni
~ spell gvalva
aridity n uwyloba,mSralxevi
aridness n simSrale,uwyloba
arise v adgoma,amosvla,gamoCena,wamodgoma,wamo(i)Wra,gaCena,Casaxva
~ of art xelovnebis gaCena/Casaxva
~ a discussion kamaTis gaCaReba
aristocracy n aristokratia,warCinebulni
aristocrat n aristokrati,warCinebuli
Ark of Covenant(see Aron…) n (ebraelTa)
aRTqmis/rwmenis kidobani,Toras Sesanaxi karada sinagogaSi
arm n mklavi
stubby arms mokle mklavebi
armila/armilae n sing/pl Lat. armila
armillariella mellea n adj manWkavala soko
armistice n zavi brZolebs Soris
armlet n samklauri,mklavis rgoli(samkauli)
armour n (abjar)saWurveli,aRWurviloba,javSani,SeiaraReba
~manufacture iaraRis warmoeba
scales of ~ abjris firfitebi
suite of ~ abjari=javSani(sruli
13
nakrebi)
breast plate n samkerduli
cover for thigh=thigh band sabarkuli
elbow cover=gantlet=gauntlet=pass guard n saidayve
gordet n sayelo
knee cover/guard n muxlsafari
over-sleeve n samklauri
leg-armour,shin-pad n sawvive
braser,wrist-cover/guard n majis sfari
armourer n abjrosani,meabjre meomari/
xelosani,saWurvelTmtvirTveli
armoury=arsenal n sajabadro
Armoury Museum n palata=sacavi
arms n pl. gerbi=Rerbi, raime sabrZolo
iaraRi
army n adj jari,saomari
mass an ~ v jaris Segroveba
aroma n surneli
aromatic adj surnelovani
~ ointment n adj nelsacxebeli
Aron ha-kodeshi Ark(see Ark…) rwmenis kidobani=Toras Sesanaxi karada
around adv gars,garSemo,daaxloebiT
~ the circumference adv rkalis garSemo
~ the world adv mTels qveynierebaze
arrange v gamarTva,dalageba,mogvareba,
mowyoba,daTqma,(mo)mzadeba,organizeba
~closely v erTad Sekvra
~the material masalis dalageba
arranged adj gamarTuli,dalagebuli,
mogvarebuli,mowyobili,daTqmuli,momzadebuli,organizebuli,
SeTanxmebuli
arrangement n mowyoba=organizeba,Sexvedra=paemani,nageboba=Senoba,dagegmareba,ganTavseba,ganlageba,ganawileba,danawevreba
arrangements n pl. mzadeba,mosamzadebelisamuSao(ebi),zomebi
array n v mwkrivi,simravle,jari,Cacmuloba,Cacmeva
arrest n v dapatimreba,daWera
arris n sagnis qedi,wibo,maxvili kuTxe
~ with fillet kexiani/nawiburiani qedi
arrival n Camosvla,gamoCena,misvla,Semosvla,gamoCena, raRac drois dadgoma
arrive v Camosvla(soflidan,qalaqidan,
qveynidan),romelime xanis dadgoma
arrow n isari
~shaft isrispiris yunwi
arrowhead n isrispiri/wveri
~ barbed deltoid wit a tang orkapayunwiani ~
~ deltoid orfrTiani ~ mokle yunwiT
~
~ longtanged orfrTiani ~ grZeli yunwiT
~ elliptic/spatulate elifsisebri ~
~ hollow-based
fuZeamoRebuli ~
~ lanceolate
lancetisebri ~
~ leaf-shaped
foTlisebri ~
~ liniar
fiTxisebri ~
~ loznge-shaped
rombisebri ~
~ oblonged
wagrZelebuli ~
~ ogee
~ ormxrivdaqanebuli mxrebiT
~ ovate
ovaluri ~
~ pointed
wamaxulwvetiani ~
~ pricker-shaped
sadgisisebri ~
~ Scythian
skviTuri ~
~ stinge-like/shaped nestrisebri ~
~ tanged and barbed frTebdaSvebuli~
~ with a groove on one side
gverdamoRaruli ~
~ with a shaft
yunwiani ~
blade of an ~ isriswveris mWreli piri
point/tip ~ ~
~
wveti
rib
~ ~
~
qedi
stem ~ ~
~
fuZe
tang ~ ~
~
yunwi
arsenal n arsenali=sajabadro
arsenic(al) n adj dariSxani(s)
arsenious adj dariSxaniani
art(see arts) n adj xelov(a)neba,samxatvro
awareness of ~ xelovnebis gageba/
codna
captivating ~ Tvalwarmtaci/momxiblavi xelovneba
clandestine ~ market xelovnebis nimuSTa Savi bazari
~ critic=master of arts n xelovnebaTmcodne
~ criticism n xelovnebaTmcodneoba
decorative arts ferwera
folk ~
xalxuri xelovneba
~ form
xelovnebis forma
~history xelovnebis istoria
hybrid ~ hibriduli xelovneba
~minor mcire plastika
monumental ~ monumenturi xelovneba
~ object=object of ~ xelovnebis nimuSi
of warfare
omis xelovneba
pictorial ~ saxviTi xelovneba
representative ~ saxviTi xelovneba
14
~ style
~
stili
articulate(ion) n v Tqma,metyveleba, gadmocema/gamosaxva naxatze/qandakebaSi
articulated adj gamoxatuli,gadmocemuli
artifact= rtifact n (gaTxrebisas) napovni
nivTi/nimuSi, artefaqti
artefactual adj nivTieri
article n sagani,nivTi,naSromi,statia
~ has evolved from… naSromi Seiqmna…
current ~
winamdebare naSromi
illuminating ~ ganmartebiTi ~
artichoke n adj artiSoki=Cynara Scolumus
Lat.
articles n pl nawarmi
finished ~ mza nawarmi
artificial(ly) adj adv xelovnuri/xelovnurad
artificiality n xelovnuroba
artillery n artileria
artisan n ostati,xelosani
~ skill (xelosnis) ostatoba
artisanship n xelosnebi (xalxi)
artist n mxatvari=fermweri
artistic adj mxatvruli
~ creativity
~
Semoqmedeba
~expression mxatvruli gamosaxva
~ licence
~
Tavisufleba
~motif mxatvruli Tema/motivi
~ produqtion xelovnebis nimuSTa warmoeba
~ school (romelime)mimdinareoba xelov
nebaSi=skola
~ skill mxatvruli niWi
highly ~ maRalmxatvruli
~ ~ craftsmanship
~ ostatoba
artistical adj mxatvruli
artistically adv mxatvrulobis TvalsazrisiT
artistry n gamomsaxveloba,mxatvruloba,
artistizmi,xelovaneba
high ~ maRalmxatvruloba
artless(ness) adj n bunebrivi,gulwrfeli,
martivi,sada/sisadave,ubralo(eba)
arts(see art) n xelovneba
applied ~ gamoyenebiTi ~
decorative ~ dekoratiuli ~
fine ~
saxviTi ~
~ field
xelovneba
master of ~ =art critic n xelovnebaTmcodne
museum of fine ~ xelovnebis muzeumi
plastic ~
plastikuri ~
~ degree
xelovnebaTmcodneobis samecniero xarisxi
~faculty
~
fakulteti
~graduate
~ fakultetis kursdamTavrebuli
artwork n xelovnebis nawarmi/nimuSi
arx/arcis n sing/pl Lat. akropoli,kremli,
citadeli,cixesimagre
aryballos/aryballoi n sing/pl Lat. aribalosi
as… conj. adv radgan..,rogorc..,ramdenadac
~a consequence rogorc Sedegi
~a general rule
~
wesi
~a mark
niSnad...(raRacisa)
~a token of… niSnad, rogorc niSani,
garantia
~a whole
(rogorc) mTeli
~as far as
ramdenadac
~ if
TiTqos,rogorc
~followes
amgvarad,amrigad
~for…
rac Seexeba...
~just sth
rogorc mxolod raRac...
~it seems
TiTqos, rogorc Cans...
~the name suggests saxelis(vinmes/
ramis)mixedviT
~ such
rogorc aseTi...
~ well as
iseve,rogorc...
ascend v asvla sadme/taxtze
ascending adj amavali,aRmavali
ascension n aRzeveba,asvla
Ascession Day (the)/Exaltation of the Cross
jvarTamaRlebis dResaswauli
ascent v asvla,amaRleba
~ the throne v taxtze asvla
ascertain v dadgena,dazusteba,danamdvilebiT gageba ramis,Sedareba
ramisa ramesTan
scertained adj dadgenili,dazustebuli,
Sedarebuli
aschew v Tavis arideba/Sekaveba,morideba
ascribe v miawero vinmes/rames rame
~ a date daTariReba,daaTariRo rame
ascribed adj miewereba vinmes/rames
ash n adj nacari/nacris,ferfli(s);sanacre
~ tree n adj ifani/ifnis, Fraxinus gen.
~ enriched nacriT ganoyierebuli
prickly ~ n adj circeli(s)/Wnavi(s),
Sorbus Lat.
Ash Wednesday didmarxvis pirveli
15
dRe
ashes n pl nacari,neSti,wida,juRa
ashet n sini,langari
ashlar n adj (ga)Tlili/damuSavebuli
qva/qvis=qvaTlili(s)
~block gaTlili qva/fila
rough (hewn) ~ uxeSad gaTlili/damuSavebuli qva/fila
ashlar-block n adj (ga)Tlili qva
ashore adv napirze(zRvis)
ashy adj nacris,nacriani,nacrovani
aside adv gverdiT
ask(see asylum) v (Se)kiTxva,(mo)Txova,
Txovna
~hand in marriage xelis Txova(qalisTvis)
askew adj dabrecili
asparagus n adj Asparagus officinalis
satacuri(s)
~var.Altiltis=Canto Lat. sakvebad vargisi
~officinalis Lat. samkurnalo
aspect n sakiTxi,aspeqti
aspen n adj alvis xe/xis
asphalt n adj asfalti(s)
aspiration n ltolva,miswrafeba,swrafva
aspire v
ltolva,swrafva
aspiring adj gamalebuli,mZafri,swrafi
aspringle n aiazmis sasxurebeli
assassinated adj mokluli,mokvdinebuli
assassination n mokvla,mokvdineba,mkvleloba
~ attempt mkvlelobis mcdeloba
assassine n v mkvleli,mokvla/mokvdineba
assault n v SeiaraRebuli SeiaraRebuli
Tavdasxma,Seteva
assault on ~ Seteva/Tavdasma taxtze
assaulter n Tavdamsxmeli
assemblage n erTianoba,krebuli,nakrebi,
Semadgenloba,Sekreba,jgufi,koLeqcia,nakrebi,inventari
assemble(d) v adj dajgufeba,Tavmoyra,Sekreba,Sekrebili xalxi
assembly n (Tav)yriloba,dasi=Tanamoazreni,karavi=parlamenti,sakrebulo
~ place TavSeyris adgili
assert (ion) v n sakiTxis wamoyeneba,Sesis
xlxorceba,mtkiceba,rom...aRiareba...
mtkicebuleba
~ one’s rights vinmes uflebis dacva
assertive(ly) adj adv dadebiTi/dadebiTad,
damadasturebeli/damadastureblad
assertor n damcveli,momxre,qomagi
assess (ment) n v gaazreba,gansazRvra,
ramis dadgena,dabegvra,Sefaseba,
Seswavla, begara
asset(s) n pl (Raribi)adamianis memkvidreoba,faseuloba,qoneba
assiduous(ly) adj adv gulmodgine(d)
assidousness n gulmodgineba
assign(ed) to v adj mikuTvneba/mikuTvnebuli,drois/dRis daniSvna
~date gansazRvra TariRis,daTariReba
assist(ance) v n daxmareba,Tanadgoma,momowileobis miReba,xelSewyoba
assistant n adj damxnare,xelSemwyobi,Tanamdgomi,asistenti
associate n kolega; v gaziareba azri
kavSiri, urTierToba
~sth with sth gaazreba/dakavSireba ramisa ramesTan/gaazreba
associated adj gaazrebuli,dakavSirebuli
aRiarebuli,gaziarebuli
~ to each other urTierTdakavSirebuli
association n kavSiri,urTierToba,erToba
erToblioba,sazogadoeba
in~with sb/sth kavSirSi vinmesTan/ramesTan
assortment n asortimenti
wide range of ~ farTo ~
assume(d) v daskvnis gamotana,darwmuneba/darwmunebuli,miReba,miTviseba,
daSveba,varaudi
~supreme command umaRlesi mTavarsardlobis miReba
assumption n azri,daskvna,varaudi,Teoria,miwisZvra,mosazreba,moCvenebiToba
Assumption (the) n miZineba (bibl)
assumptive adj dasaSvebi,savaraudo
assure v vinme darwmuneba,uzrunvelyofa
astonish(ed)(ment) v adj n gaoceba,gaocebuli
astonishing adj (ga)saocari
astragal/astragali n sing/pl Lat. rkali svet
ze(ornamenti)
astragalus/astragali n sing/pl Lat. astragalosi
astral adj ciuri
astride v gadakideba tvirTis/amxedreba
cxovelze
astute adj gamWriaxi
asylum n TavSesafari
ask for ~ TavSesafris moTxovna
~ seeker
~
maZiebeli
at pron. zed,gverdze,iqve, ……Si
16
~all times yvela droSi
~first glance/sight erTi SexedviT
~full length mTel sigrZeze,mTeli
sigrZiT
~ ~ tilt
mTeli ZaliT
~ ~ width mTel siganeze,mTeli siganiT
~a great extent mniSvnelovanwilad
~last
bolos da bolos
~least
Tundac.., sul cota…
~one and the same time erTsa da imave dros
~one single time erTaderTxel
~one’s own expences sakuTari xarjebiT
~ the beginning dasawyisSi(ve),dasawyiedan
~ ~ daybreak of… gamTeniisas,dasawyisSi,dasawyisidan
~ ~ end
bolos,dasasrul(s)
~ ~ head of… (ramis)dasawyisSi=TavSi
~ ~ opposite bank gaRma, meore napirze
~ ~ present stage of… am/axlandel doneze
~ ~
~ moment/time axla
~ ~ same place iqve,imave adgilas
~ ~ side of… zed(ramis)gverdze/gverdiT
~ ~ (very) start (zustad/swored) dasawyisSi
~ ~ time in question gansaxilveli drois
monakveTSi
~this/that time am/im dros
athlete n mZleosani/Zalosani=aTleti
atimia n pativayriloba=atimia
atop adv zeviT/zevidan,kexze,ramis wver
ze(mag.mTis)
atrium/atree n sing/pl Lat. Sida ezo=atriumi
attach(ed) v adj dakroba/dakruli,damagereba/damagrebuli,dawebeba/dawebebuli,daZerwva/daZerwili,mierTeba/mier
Tebuli,miniWeba/miniWebuli,Tan darTva/darTuli,dakavSireba vinmesTan/
ramesTan
attachment n saxeluri/yuri raime sagnis,minaSeni,damateba
remain/trace of ~ saxeluris/yuris narCeni/kvali saganze
attain v miRweva/mopoveba ramis
~new heights axali simaRleebis miRweva
attainable adj xelmisawvdomi;is,risi miRwevac SeiZleba
attained adj miRweuli,mopovebuli
attempt n v cda,mcdeloba
have an ~ scado...
attend v daswreba(raime RonisZiebaze),
Tanxleba vinmesi
attendance n Tanxleba
attendant n mxevali,mxlebeli,Tanmxlebi
adamiani
attention n yuradReba
deserve ~
yuradRebis damsaxureba
divert ~ from…to… ~ gadatana/Camocileba
draw ~
~
mipyroba/miqceva(ken)
focus ~
~
gamaxvileba rameze
particular ~
gansakuTrebuli ~
pay ~ to…
~ miqceva rameze/vinmeze
receive ~ vinmem/ramem miipyro ~ raRaciT
~
~ from sb
~ damsaxureba
turn ~
mimarTva ~ (ken...)
worthy of ~ vinme/rame ~ Rirsi
attentively adv yuradRebiT
attest(ed) v adj dadastureba/dadasturebuli,miTiTeba
~to sth adasturebs raRacas
sth ~ from the Nth century (and) onwards
raRac dasturdeba N saukunidan
da Semdgom
~ ~ from…to… raRac dasturdeba
...dan ...mde
attesting adj damadasturebeli
attic n sxveni,qoredi,frontoni,antresoli,mansarda
attire n saeklesio (Se)samoseli/morTuloba
attitude n damokidebuleba ramisadmi,pozicia
attorney n rwmunebuli,veqili=advokati
attract v miqceva/mizidva,mipyroba
~attention yuradRebis miqceva/mipyroba
attraction n mizidva/miziduloba
attractive adj mimzidveli,momxiblavi,sasurveli
attributable adj raime,risi gansazRvrac
SeiZleba
attribute n v gansazRvreba,gansazRvra,niSani damaxasiaTebeli
~ to (ramis) mikuTvneba ramisadmi
attributed adj gansazRvruli,mikuTvnebuli
be ~ to sth rame mieweros rasme
attributes n pl niSnebi
17
pick out ~ niSnebis gamiyofa
attribution n kuTvnileba ramisadmi,gansazRvr(eb)a
attributive adj ganmsazRvreli
auburn(see color) adj wiTeli
auger n burRi
augment (ation) v n (ga)zrda zomaSi
augur n avguri,mkiTxavi,qurumi
augury n mkiTxavi frinvelebis frenis
mixedviT
aureus/aurei n sing/pl Lat. aureusi(moneta)
auricle n yuris niJara
auroch,Bos bonasus Lat. zubri
auspice n kargis momaswavebeli niSani
auspicious adj xelsayreli
authentic adj adgilobrivi=avTenturi,aSkara=namdvili
authenticate v beWdis dasma,dadastureba
imisa,rom raRac yalbi araa
avTenturobis dadastureba
authenticity n adgilobrivoba=avTenturoba=namdviloba
authorized adj nebadarTuli sax.uwyebebis mier
authoritative adj avtoritetuli
authorities n pl xelmZRvaneloba,xelisufleba,xelisufalni,avtoritetuli mecnierebi
authority n Zalaufleba, avtoriteti=
swavluli,xelisufleba
display ~ Zalauflebis gavrcoba
fledgeling ~ Canasaxovani Zalaufleba
have ~ of…
uflebamosileba
leading ~
wamyvani avtoriteti(mecnierebaSi,sazogadoebaSi) rame (sxva) saqmeSi
authorize v vinmesTvis ramis davaleba/
uflebamosilebis miniWeba
authorship n avtoroba ramis
autocepaly n eklesiis damoukidebloba=avtokefalia
autochton(ous) n adj adgilobrivi=avtoqton(ur)i
autocracy n erTmmarTveloba,TviTmpyrobeloba,xelmwifeba,avtokratia
autocrat n erTmmarTveli,TviTmpyrobeli,avtokrati
autokephaley n Gr. avtokefalia
autumn n Semodgoma
autumnal adj Semodgomis,saSemodgomo
~ ploughing saSemodgomo naxnavi/xvna
auxiliary adj damxmare,damatebiTi,meSveli( ara maSveli),daqiravebuli
jari
avail n v sargebeli,mogeba
availability n vargisianoba,sargebloba,
sandooba,Rirebuleba,xelmisawvdomoba
available adj aRiarebuli,arsebuli,gamoadegi,vargisi,misadagebuli,misawvdomi,momgebiani,sasargeblo,Sesaferisi
~on line xelmisawvdomi
sth is (not) ~ xelmisawvdomia/miuwvdomelia
avalanche n zvavi,mawyeri,niaRvari
avenue n xeivani,ganziri,quCa
major ~ mTavari quCa
~ of high trunk vine trees maRlari venaxi
average(dly) adj adv saSualo(d)
below ~ saSualoze dabali/dabla
~between meryeobs...
in an ~ of… saSualod
over ~
saSualoze maRali/maRla
avid adj sasurveli
avoid(ance) v n Tavidan acileba,gverdis avla
await v lodini
sth still ~ publication (naSromi) jerac
ar gamoqveynebula
awaken(ing) v ger gaRviZeba,gamoRviZeba,
GG
gamofxizleba
award n sargo=xelfasi,jildo; v
jildos daweseba, dajildoeba
awarded adj dawesebuli,dajildoebuli
aware adj gonieri,SemZle ramis,wera-kiTxvis mcodne
be ~ of…
gacnobiereba
awareness n survili/wadili icode rame,unar-Cveva
away adv Sors(manZili raRac adgilidan
part. ...dan
~ from (raRac adgili)dan
pass(ing) ~ v ger miZineba=gardacvaleba
awe n aRtaceba,mowiweba
awesome adj saSiSi,SiSis momgvreli,SiSiT moculi,saSineli,sapativcemo
awesstrike by sb Caunergo SiSi,SiSiT Sepyrobili, vinmesgan daSinebuli
awkward(ly) adj adv mouqneli/mouqnelad,
GGGGmouxerxebeli/mouxerxeblad,uxerxuli/uxerxulad,uSno(d),daudevrad
awkwardness n daudevrad,mouqneloba,
uxerxuloba,siuSnove
18
awl n sadgisi
awning n Cardaxi
axe n adj culi(s),xeleCo
~ hammer n cul-CaquCi/uro
~ pendant n cul-samkauli/sakidi
~ sledge n yuakveriani culi
~ with interseption welSi gamoyvanili ~
anchor ~ egvipturi=aRmosavluri=Ruzisebri ~
battle ~ sabrZolo ~
chopper n qvargvalis ~
double ~
ormagi ~
end-winged ~ bolofrTiani ~
flanged ~
wiboiani ~
flat ~
brtyeli ~
hatchet n
didi,mokletariani ~
lop-eared ~
yuadaqanebuli/daSvebuli ~
mattock n
cul-weraqvi,qarCi
Near Eastern scallop ~ axloaRmosavluri=egvipturi ~
pole-axe n
amorZaluri ~
socket-eared ~ yuamiliani ~
socketed ~
oryura satare xvreliani ~
shoe-last celt ~ solisebri ~
shouldered ~
mxrebiani ~
trunion ~
Sverilebiani ~
winged ~
frTiani ~ ; qarCi
axe butt
culis yua
~ cutting edge
~
mWreli piri
~ flange
~
wibo
~ haft
culis satare
~ hammer butt ~ CaquCisebri yua
~ notch
~ dasamagrebeli Wrili
~ shaft-hole ~ satare
~ socket
~
mili
stop-ridge
~ qusli/weli
trunion
~ Sverili
wing
~
frTa
axis n (simetriis) RerZi
bent ~ muxliani/moxrili ~
main ~
mTavari ~
axle(see tooth) n lilvi,RerZi
~ pin Wilibi
~ tree Tvlis(mag.urmis) RerZi
axonometric adj aqsonometriuli
axonometry n aqsonometria
azure n adj laJvardi(s)(minerali)
azurite n adj lurji malaqiti/azuriti
Babel n babilonis oromtriali
Babel tower n babilonis godoli
bacchant(e) n qurumi kaci/qali
bachelor n bakalavri
back(see current,head,yard) n zurgi,cxovelis qedi ; adj sazurge ; adv raRac drois ukan ; v mxardaWera,zurgis gamagreba,gverdSi dgoma
~ elevation n ukana xedi/fasadi
~ to back adv urTierTzurgSeqceuli,erTmaneTicken zurgebiT
~ to front adv ukuRma
~ to the fold
eklesiis wiaRSi dabruneba
~ to the wrong side ver gaTvla,cudi arCevani
backbench n Sida opozicia
back-bone n adj xerxemali,xerxemlis
backcloth=backdrop n ukana nawili ramisa,foni
backed adj amozurguli,zurgiani,mxardaWerili
background n mdgomareoba,foni,ukana
plani,warmomavloba,wyaro
against this/that ~ am/im fonze
~ of the point/topic
sakiTxis istoria
backstage n kulisebi,kulisebs miRma
backward(ness) adj n CamorCenili; CamorCeniloba
backwards adv gulaRma=piraRma,zurgze,
ukan,piruku
bad adj avi,laye,cudi,uvargisi
badly adv metismetad,sustad,cudad,Zalze/Zlier
~ needed aucilebeli,Zalze saWiro
baetyl/betyl n adj lodi(s)
baffling adj damabneveli,imedis gamcruebeli,warumatebeli,xelis SemSleli
bag n guda,nanadirevi,parki,CanTa
baggage n v bargi, itvirTo rame
baggy pants tomarasaviT Sarvali
bagpipes n pl gudastviri
bagatelle n mcire ram nivTi
baggage n v tvirTi, itvirTo
bail n girao
bailout v ubedurebisagan daxsna,gadarCena
bake(d) v adj gamocxoba/gamomcxvari,
gamowva/gamomwvari,Secxoba//Semcxvari
bake-house/bakery n Tone,furne,sacxobi
baking adj sacxobi
B
19
balance n v saswori,gawonasworeba,wonasGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGworoba
~ of power Tanabarxelisuflebianoba
balanced adj gawonasworebuli
balconied adj aivniani
balconies projecting out over sth gadmokidebuli aivnebi
balcony n aivani,qandara TeatrSi
baldric n samxariRlie yawimi
bale v wylis amoxapva
balista/ballistae n sing/pl Lat. satyorcni
manqana
ball n burTi,burTula,birTvi,gunda,sfero
ball-shaped adj burTula,burTisebri
ballast n adj RorRi(s)
ballot n v kenWisyra,xmis micema
cast ~ = cast a vote xmis micema
balsam n adj GGr. balzami(s)
balsamarium/balsamaria n sing/pl Lat. sanelsacxeble
balteus n kapitelis lilvaki,listeli
baluster(see bar) n rikuli
balustrade(see banisters) n moajiri
ban(ing) n ger akrZalva
band n zoli,sartyeli,lenti,beWdis
Tvlis CarCo
recessed ~
CaWdeuli sartyeli
banded adj sartyliani raime
band-like adj lentisebri,sartylisebri
bandage n v artaxi,saxvevi; Wrilobis
Sexveva
bandle n FfuTa
bandoleer n savazne
bangle n fexis/xelis rgoli
banish(ment) v n gagdeba,gandevna,gasaxleba,gaZeveba qveynidan
banisters(see balustrade) n pl usu. kibis
GGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGG Gmoajiri
bank n banki,gverdi,kbode
banner n alami
banquit n lxini,nadimi,puroba
baptism n naTloba=mironcxeba
~ of fire sbrZolo ~
baptisterium/baptisterii n sing/pl Lat. sanaTGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGG
lio
baptistery n sanaTlio
baptize(d) v adj monaTvla,mironcxeba,monaTluli=mironcxebuli,saxelis
darqmeva/danaTvla
bar(see baluster) n zodi,dire,liTonis
GGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGG
GnaWeri/rikuli
~ sb/sth garda, Tu ar CavTvliT...
barb (ed) n adj ekali/eklebiani,kuwubebiani
barbed-deltoid tang orkapa yunwi
bare adj ubralo,titveli, SiSveli
with ~ hands
SiSveli xelebiT
barefooted adj uxamlo,fexSiSveli
barely adv odnav, Zlivs, kinaRam
bargain n savaWro garigeba,momgebiani
SenaZeni, tvirTi
bargh n mTis biliki
baritone(cf.bass) n bani=dabali xma
bark n adj v lafani/lafnis,mcenaris qerqi(s), yefa
barley,Hordeum vulgare Lat. n adj qeri(s)
barn n kalo,nalia,boseli(bibl)
barn-shed n beReli
barracs n Ital. yazarma
barrel(see churn) n kasri,Tofis lula,
sorsoli,gvirabis TaRi,cilindri,cilindruli saxuravi
barreled adj sorsoliani
barren adj berwi
~ soil berwi/unayofo miwa
barrier n dabrkoleba,saguSago,samalavi,sasazRvro WiSkari
~against… winaaRmdegoba.winaRoba,
zRude
barring adj Camketi
barrow(see burial) n gorasamarxi.qvayriliani samarxi,yrili
stone and soil ~ qva-miwayriliani gora
barter n v gacvla naturiT
base n baza,bazisi,sadgami,sadgari,safuZveli,fuZe,Ziri,kvarcxlbeki
adj arakeTilSobili,dabalsinjiani,
mdare,minarevebiani,sabazo,qveda
v dafuZneba/damyareba ramisa rameze
baseblood n adj ukanono Svili, mdabio,
mdabiori
base-born n nabiWvari=ukanono Svili
based in adj damkvidrebuli/dasaxlebuli,dafuZnebuli
~ on adj damorCilebuli,damyarebli
rameze,warmoSobili raRacisgan
~ upon adj dsmyarebuli raRacaze(azrze,saganze)
baseline n baza,bazisi,safuZveli,sawyisi,saidanac TariRis aTvla iwyeba
basement n sardafi
basic adj mTavari,sabazo,sawyisi,umTavresi,ZiriTadi
20
~character mTavari/sawyisi saxe/forma
~ source sawyisi wyaro
basical(ly) adj adv ZiriTadi/ZiriTadad.,
umeteswilad
basil n adj SaSkvlavi(s), Ocimum gen. Lat.
basil n adj rehani(s),Ocimum basilikum Lat.
basileios/basileus n sing/pl bazilevsi/basilevsi
basilican adj bazilikuri
basilicarius/basilicarii n sing/pl Gr. eklesiis daraji
basin n auzi,wyalSemkrebi,jami(WurWeli),tbis auzi
lavabo ~ n gansabaneli Tasi
sloping-sided ~ kalTebdaqanebuli
jami
basis n baza,bazisi,safuZveli,sayrdeni
adj bazisis, sabaziso
on the ~ of… raRacis safuZvelze,raRacaze dayrdnobiT
basket(ry) n godori,kalaTa;kalaTwvnis
xelovneba
bas-relief n adj bareliefi(s)
bass(cf.baritone) n bani=maRali xma
~ profondo=profundo n dvrini
bast-shoe n qalamani
bastion n bastioni, cixe-simagre
bath n abazana
flanking ~ gverdiTi ~
plunge ~ Rrma ~
bath-house n abano
~ room saabazano oTaxi
sulphur ~ gogirdis ~
bathroi n Tixis/qvis Toxi
baths n pl , thermae/thermarum n sing/pl
Lat. abano
~ bath-suite n anfiladuri ~
~ changing room=apoditerium/apoditerii n
sing/pl Lat. abanos gasaxdeli
~cold-bath=frigidarium/frigidarii n sing/pl
Lat. civi ~
~cool bath
grili ~
~damp heating abanos gaTboba orTqliT
~dry-heat room mSrali ~
~epicaustum/epicausti n sing/pl Lat. abaGGGG GGnos gasaTbobi horizontaluri
milebi
~furnace room
abanos saqvabe
~heater n
~ gamxurebeli
~heat(ing) v ger
~ gaTboba/gaxureba
~ system
~
gaTbobis sistema
~hot bath=calidarium/calidarii n sing/pl
Lat. cxeli abano
~hypocaustus/hypocausta n sing/pl Lat.
abanos iatakqveSa gaTboba
~junction box abanos qvabis Semkrebi
~praefurnium/praefurnii n sing/pl Lat.
GGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGG
abanos sacecxle
~sweating bath/room=sauna orTqlis
abano
~tigula/tigulae mamatae n sing/pl Lat.
Sverilebiani
fila(orTqlis
GGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGgasatareblad)
~warm bath=tepidarium/tepidarii n sing/pl
Lat. Tbili abano
bathtub n sabanao varcli
batilum/batili n sing/pl Lat. aqandazi,sasasasakmevle
baton n keti
battalion n batalioni(ix. division)
batten n geodezistis lartya
batter n dacereba/daviwroveba qvevidan
zeviT (mag, kedlis)
batter(ed)(ing) n ger adj msxvreva,mtvreva;
GGGGG
damsxvreuli,damtvreuli
battered wall iaqTaR(eb)iT gamagrebuli
kedeli
battering adj sangrevi(saomari)
~ram kedlis sangrevi manqana=onagari
battice n daviwroveba/dawvrileba qvevidan zeviT(mag. kedlis)
battle n v adj brZola/SeWideba,sabrZolo
fall in ~ brZolaSi dacema
~field brZolis veli
~royal mTavari brZola
battlement n qonguri,parapet saTofurebiT
~ walk cixis galavanze sasiarulo biliki
baulk n uReli samarxSi/WrilSi
bay n TaxCa akldamaSi,nagebobis mala,
navsayudeli,ube(zRvis,kedlis,xiniSa,walo,sivrce burjebs/svetebs
Soris
adj damaSvrali
bay n adj dafna/dafnis, Laurus nobilis
bay leaf-shaped adj dafnis foTlisebri
bayonet n xiSti
bayou n ole nakaduliT
bazaar n bazari
be v arseboba,yofna
~ able v unaris qona, Segwevdes unari
~ absolved of sin v codvisgan gaTavi-
21
suflebuli, codvaSendobili
~ adhered to… v mtkiced...
~ apart of sb/sth v gacalkevebiT
~ askew
daxrili zedapiri
~ at the height of one's fame warmatebis
mwvervalze yofna
~ at the helm qveynis saTaveSi yofna,
qveynis saWis pyroba
~ backward(behind,slow) v CamorCena
~ biased towards… mikerZoebuli
~ carried away v gatacebuli ramiT
(mag,kiTxviT)
~ certain(confident,convinced) v darwmunebuli yofna
~ commited to do sth v mzadyofna ramis gasakeTeblad
~ consistent v damTxveva
~ content/satisfied v iyo kmayofili,
dasjerde rasme
~ converted v sarwmunoebaze moqceuli,sarwmunoebamiRebuli
~ employed v dakavebuli kvleviT
~ empovered to ask for asylum v TavSesafris moTxovnis uflebamosileba
~ flat on one's back v gaSotili wola/
mwolare
~ forced v iyo iZulebuli
~ in (the) mode v modaSi(a)
~ in/under sb('s power) v vinmes/xelisuflebis morCili
~ in use v ixmareba,aris xmarebaSi
~ in vaning hours viRac/raRac saaTebs
iTvlis
~ intended to… v iyo valdebuli
~ interested in sth iyo dainteresebuli
~ keen to do sth iyo dainteresebuli/
mondomebuli gaakeTo rame
~ higher/lower in society v maRali/dabali saz. mdgomareoba
~ obliged to v iyo valdebuli
~ on a par with sb Tanaswori=iseTive
Kargi,rogorc sxva
~ out of stock v maragis gamoleva
~ over v saqmis/ramis dasruleba
~ perpetuated v saukunod damkvidreba
~ precise/sure about v dabejiTebiT.darwmunebiT,danamdvilebiT
~ reliant darwmunebuli yofna
~ sacked v dacema=ganadgureba qveynis
~ stuck v gaWedili,CaWedili
~ superior v jobna vinmesTvis,warmate-
buli
~ under danger v safrTxis qveS yofna
~ underway to do sth xorcieldeba raRac
~ up to par karg doneze=kargi rogorc
yovelTvis
bead n mZivi, cvara (1 cali)
ball-shaped ~ sferuli mZivi
barrel-shaped ~ kasrisebri ~
biconvex ~ dabalcilindruli ~
chopped ~ napobi ~
coloured ~ feradi ~
conical ~ konusuri ~
cylindrical ~ cilindruli ~
dateshaped ~ Sindis kurkisebri
decorative ~ dekoratiuli ~
diamond-shaped ~ dawaxnagebuli ~
discoid ~ mrgval-brtyeli/diskosebri
dominoshaped ~ dominosebri ~
double-conoid ~ bikonusuri ~
~ pyramid ~ bipiramiduli ~
elliptic(al) ~ elifsis formis ~
faceted ~ waxnagebiani ~
~ ball-shaped ~ burTula dawaxnagebuli ~
~double-conoid ~ dawaxnagebuli ormagkonusuri ~
fourteen-faceted ~ ToTxmetwaxnaga ~
glazed ~ moWiquli ~
gilded ~ mooqrovili ~
holed(pierced,pricked) ~ gaxvretili ~
hollow ~ futuro/fuye ~
hub/pear shaped ~ msxlisebri ~
inner gold-plated ~ Signidan mooqrovili ~
~ silver ~
~
~ movercxlili ~
interspacer ~ Sualeduri ~
junction ~ Semkrebi ~
lens-shaped ~ linzisebri ~
lentoid ~ mrgvalwakveTili ~
long conoid ~ grZeli bikonusuri ~
lozenge shaped ~ rombisebri ~
minute ~ iota/iotisebri ~
netted ~ Tvaledi ~
ovoid ~ ovaluri ~
pricked at one side calmxrivgaxvretili
rectangle ~ mogrZo-oTxkuTxa ~
rhomboid ~ rombisebri ~
ribbed ball-shaped~sferul-dawaxnagebuli
ring-shaped ~ rkalisebri ~
spacer ~ Sualeduri ~
22
spotted ~ laqebiani ~
square ~ kvadratuli ~
tubular ~ milakisebri ~
twinned ~ Sewyvilebuli ~
bead adj mZivis
~eye let n ~ mZivis naxvreti
=mask bead n mZivniRabi
~pendant/pennant n mZivsakidi
strand of beads n mZivis asxmula
beaded adj mZivisebri,cvaradasmuli,wertilovani
~ design n mZivsamkauli
beads n pl krialosani
~ of slanting punctured vessel texili
wertilovani xazi(ornamenti)
beak n niskarti,grdemlis wvetiani
Sverili
~spouted vessel n tuCiani WurWeli
~ like/shaped adj niskartisebri
beaked adj niskartisebri
beaker n Rvinis Wiqa,ufexo sasmisi,
sasmisi
beam n dire,mori,sasworis uReli,sxivi,Weris koWi,ganiva,Zeli,are,farTi
collar ~ gadabmis koWi
grating ~ ganivi koWi/Zeli
tie/traverse ~ ganiva (koWi)
beamed adj ormagtesebri
~ horns datotvili rqebi
box of beams sxivTa kona
beaming adj sxivmfeni
bean n lebani(ara kaklis),marcvali
beans n pl usu. lebnianebi(marcvleuli)
bear, Urus deningeri Lat. n daTvi
v atana,moTmena,qona=tareba
brown ~ n mura daTvi
fossil ~ ganamarxebuli daTvi
~ in mind v gaTvaliswineba,mxedvelobaSi qona=xsomeba
~ inscription(s)/signs raRacas aqvs
warwera/niSnebi,matarebelia
raime niSnebis
~ relations to sb/sth saqmis/urTierTobis qona vinmesTan/ramesTan
~ no ~ ~ ~ ~ araferi aqvs saerTo vinmesTan/ramesTan
~ trace(s) emCneva kvali/niSnebi
bearable adj asatani,mosaTmeni
beard n wveri (kacis)
~ and moustache n wver-ulvaSi
long-grown ~ grZeli wveri
bearded adj wverosani,wveriani
bearer n vinme/rame matarebeli raime
Tvisebis/niSnis
bearing adj ger mzidi,matarebeli raime niSnisa,tareba
~ an attempt to do sth damokidebuleba
raime mcdelobisadmi
~ joist Zelebi,razec iataki igeba
~ on sth v დამოკიდებულება რამისადმი
shape sb's ~ vinmes damokidebulebis
Camoyalibeba ramisadmi
sth ~ sth nivTze gamosaxulia raRac
sth ~ features aqvs niSnebi…
~ post dedaboZi,mzidi boZi/sveti
beast n mxeci,nadiri,pirutyvi,cxoveli
~ of barden muSa pirutyvi
beat v (gamo)Wedva,Tqvefa,vinmes damarcxeba, cema,mtvreva,(da)tkepna/Wirxna
beated adj angreuli,damtvreuli
beaten adj damarcxebuli=waqceuli,
gamoWedili,damtvreuli,Tixatkepnili,natkepni
~ track gakvaluli/navali gza
beater n mareki
beating adj mfeTqavi (mag. guli)
beatific(ation) n adj netari,netaradgamocxadeba
Beatitudes (the) n pl netarebani (bibl)
beatify v netarad gamocxadeba
beat(root)=Beta vulgaris Lat. Warxali
beautify v galamazeba,Selamazeba
beauty n silamaze
reigning ~ pirveli mzeTunaxavi
the ~ n mzeTunaxavi
beautiful(ly) adj adv lamazi/lamazad,koxta(d)
because conj imitom,rom...
~ of circumstances adv garemoebaTa
gamo
~ of sb/sth
vinmes/ramis gamo
~ of what/which ris gamoc...
beckon v mityueba,Sertyueba
become v (gada)qceva vinmed/ramed,gaxdoma ramed
~ basis v gaxda safuZveli
~ better v gaumjobeseba,ukeTesoba,gamokeTeba
~ but memory v mogonebaRa darCa
~ clear v garkveva ramis,gaxda naTeli
~ coarse/rough v gauxeSeba
~ a custom v Cvevad qceva,tradiciis/
GGGGGG
Cveulebis damkvidreba
23
~ extinct v amowyveta,amowydoma
~ hard v gamkvriveba
~ human v gaadamianeba
~ a doctor/king v eqimad/mefed gaxdoma
~ less v kleba,Semcireba
~ mascot for… v gaxda bednierebis momtani
~ intense v gaZliereba
~ a monk/nun v berad/monazvnad aRkveca./edgoma
~ organic part v gaxda organuli nawili
~ persistant v damkvidreba=gabatoneba
ramis
~ possible v gaxda SesaZlebeli
~ prevailing v gaxda upiratesi,mieniWa
GGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGG
GGupiratesoba
~ poor v gaRaribeba,gauareseba (formis)
~ rich v gamdidreba
~ run down v ganadgureba,dacema(qveynis)
~ sb/sth v gaxde vinme/rame
~ small v dapataraveba,Semcireba
~ worse v gauareseba,gafuWeba
bed adj sawoli,mdinaris kalapoti
cobble/pebble ~ kenWebis safeni
~ joint gadabmis Tarazuli nakeri
lower ~ qveda zRvari, aguris/qvis
qveda piri
~ rock yadimi
~ stone n wisqvilis qveda dolabi/qva
tresle ~ xis taxti=sawoli
upper bed zeda zRvari, aguris/qvis
zeda piri
bedding n daSreveba,qanebis ganlageba,
GGGGG
GGleibi,wiaRi,Semzadeba kedlis
ZirSi,safuZveli=sayrdeni
bedevil v gaTvalva, mojadoeba
bedrock n adj dedaqani(s)
bee n futkari
~ culture n mefutkreoba
= drone n mamri futkari
~ garden n safutkre
~ hive=hive n ska
~ hive n skisebri nageboba/Senoba
beech nut n adj wiwibo(si)
beet n adj wiTeli Warxali Beta vulgaris
Lat.
~ ~ like adj wiwibosebri
~ tree n adj rcxila/rcxilis
before adv sanam,uwin,win(aSe)
pron …mde,win
~ us adv dRemde,Cvenamde
beforehand adv winaswar
beg v vedreba,Txovna,maTxovroba
begin v dawyeba,Casaxva,warmoSoba,wamowyeba
~ to become v gadaqceva
~ to emerge v daiwyo gaCena(gamoCena,
warmoSoba)
beginner n damwyebi
beginning adj ger sawyisi, (da)sawyisi,
dasabami,Canasaxi,saTave,pirvelsawyisi
at the ~ adv dasawyisSi,TavSi
right from the ~ Tavidanve/maSinve
behave v moqceva
behaviour n saqcieli,qceva
inherent ~ Cveuli saqcieli
behead(ed) v adj Tavis mokveTa,TavmokveTili
beheading ger TaviskveTa
behest v aRTqma
behind prep adv ukan; miRma,ukan
being n arseba(cocxali)
v arian/iyvnen ra...
ger arseboba,yofna
benjamin n adj gundruki(s)
~ tree n adj gundrukis xe/xis
belfry n samreklo
belie v gamoaSkaraveba, fardis axda
belief n azri,mosazreba,rwmena,rjuli,sarwmunoeba
~ in sth ramis rwmena
popular ~ cru rwmena
turn away from one's ~ rwmenis Ralati
beliefs n pl rwmena-warmodgenebi
believable adj dasajerebeli,is, risi
dajerebac SeiZleba
believe v dajereba
believed adj aRiarebuli,miRebuli
is ~ that… amboben,rom..,aRiarebulia/
miRebulia
believer n morwmune
belittle v damcireba,damcroba,arafrad
Cagdeba
bell n adj zaraki(s),zari(s)
~alarm bells ring gangaSis zarebi
~ clapper/tongue n zaris ena
~ metal n
~
liToni
Passing ~ zaris rekva dakrZalvisas
~ ringer n
~
mrekavi
Sacring ~ zaris rekva amaRleba dRes
~ shaped adj zarisebri
24
lo)
beneficial adj madlieri
benefit n sargebeli,sargebloba,upiratesoba
in ~ of… sasargeblod,sakeTildReod
benefitial adj sasargeblo,momgebiani,sargebliT,sasikeTo
benefits n pl usu. mogeba,sargebeli
bening for adj keTili,mosavliani,Sedegiani
Benjamin tree=Vitex agnus castus Lat. sakmev
Llis/sakmlis xe
bent adj (gada)grexili,gaRunuli,mokecili,moRunuli,CaWyletili
~ in adj Cazneqili
~ over adj gadakecili
bequathered adj naanderZevi
bequest adj v saanderZo,anderZiT
uaris Tqma rameze
berberis=Berberis vulgare Lat. n adj kowaxuri(s)
berries n pl usu. Kkenkra
berry n kenkris/yurZnis 1 marcvali
berth n TaxCa akldamaSi,taxti=sawoli=sareceli
beryl n adj bivrili(s),berili(s)
beseech v vedreba,Txovna
beside adv gverdiT
besides prep adv amasTan.., garda
amisa...
besiege v alyaSi moqceva,alyis
Semortyma
basirged adj alyaSi,alyaSemortymuli
besprinkle(d) v adj mopkureba,napkuri
best adj saukeTeso
~ known adj gamoCenili,(saxel)ganTqmuli,kargad/saukeTesod
cnobili
~ man n nefis=saqmros xelismomkide
bestia/bestiae n sing/pl Lat. cxoveli,
mxeci,nadiri
bestiary n cxovelTa eposi
betray(al) v n Ralati
~ the influence of sth amJRavnebs/emCneva
gavlena(s)
~ the links with amJRavnebs kavSirs
betroth(al) v n Qqalis daniSvna/dawindva,niSnoba
betrothed adj daniSnuli,dawinduli
between prep Soris...
~ tang
~ tower
~ wether
belling adj
n
~ yunwi/yuri
n
~ samreklo
n faris yoCi
ger cxovelTa qorwineba,makeGGoba,irmis myviraloba
~ season/time
myviralobis dro
bellows n pl usu. saberveli
belly n cxovelis muceli,faSvi
~ band n cxenis samkerduli
belong to v ekuTvnis vinmes rame
sb/sth is likely to ~ TiTqos/ufro miekuT
GGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGG
Tvneba
belongings n pl usu. avladideba,gudaGGGGGGGGGGGG
Gnabadi,sakuTreba
beloved adj sasurveli,sayvareli,Zvirfasi
below(cf.beneath,under) adj pron qveviT,qvemoT
belt n qamari,sartyeli
v saxelos=Tanamebobis boZeba
~ fastening n qamris balTa
~plate n brinjaos/liTonis sartyeli
~ power n Tanamdeboba
~ set n sartylis aRkazmuloba
type-setting ~ sartylis mZivebi
belly n v muceli, ambis gaberva
belted adj qamriani,qamarSemortymuli
bench n merxi,skami,durglis dazga
side ~ merxi kedlis gaswvriv
benching ger baqnis keTeba=dateraseba
bend n gzis mosaxvevi=misaqcieli,muxGGGGGGGGGGGGGxli=kuTxe,nakeci,naRuni
v gaRunva,(gada)(mo)grexa,modreka,
GGGGGGGGGGG
mokecva,(mo)Runva,SeWyleta
~back/forward ukan/win gadaxrili
~ in v Cazneqa
~ over v gadakecva
bending n gadagrexis adgili,nakeci,naGGGGGG GGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGG GG Runi
ger grexa
beneath(cf. below,under) adv qve(S)(mag.qvis
GGGGGGGG
Gnoxis), qveda, faruli
~ the mound adv borcvqveS(a)
benedicite v (da)locva wirvis Semdeg
benediction n locva Wamis win/mere,wirvis Semdeg
benefaction n mowyaleba,Sesawiravi
benefactor n amagdari/Semomwirveli kaci
benefactress n ~
~
qali
beneficence n gulmowyaleba,sikeTe
beneficent adj gulmowyale,keTili
~properties Rirsebebi(kargi/sasargeb-
25
~the turns of the centuries
bifurcate(d) v adj gaoreba=erTis gayofa
orad=1:2
big(cf. large) adj didi
bilateral adj ormxrivi
bilingual adj orenovani
bill n angariSi/qviTari,baRis makrateli,
GGGGGGfulis niSani,Tamasuqi,kanonproeqti,sasxlavi,Toxi
~ board n gancxadebebis dafa
billberry n adj Vaccinium mirtillus Lat. mocvi
red ~ n adj ZarlyurZena(si)
bimetal(ic) n adj bimetali,bimetalurii
bin n nagvis WurWeli,narCenebis ormo
storage ~ silosis ormo
binary adj gaormagebuli,ormxrivi
bind v Sekvra,SeWedva,mibma,gadabma,dakavGGGGGGGGGGGGG
Sireba,mimagreba
binding(see hooping)n adj ger yda,SeWediloba; mWidi,damakavSirebeli,SemkvGGG
GGreli; moWedva,SeWedva
~ material Semkvreli masala
~ piece(see tie) makavSirebeli/gadabmis
GGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGG
GGGnawili
binominal adj orwevri
bio diversity bio-mravalferovneba
biography n biografia=Tavgadasavali=
cxovreba
bipartite adj ormxrivi
bipolar adj orpolusiani
bipyramidal adj bipiramiduli
birch-tree n adj aryis xe/xis
bird n Citi,frinveli
~ headed adj Citis/frinvelisTaviani
~ like adj Citis/frinvelis msgavsi
~ ~ animal n cxovel-Citi
~ of passage n gadamfreni frinveli
~ of pray n mtacebeli ~
song ~ n mgalobeli Citi
birth n dabadeba,(warmo)Soba
by ~ adv dabadebiT..,dabadebuli...
~control Sobadobis kontroli
give ~ v gaCena=mSobiaroba,Soba,Sva,
dawyeba,saTavis/dadeba,sawyisis
GGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGG micema
give rise to the ~ dabadeba/safuZvlis
Cayra ramisTvis
~ mark n xali
~ day n dabadebis dRe
~ ~ suite adamisa da evas samosi=
dediSobila
biscuit n adj biskviti(s)=mouWiqavi Tixa
bisected adj Suaze gaWrili
saukuneTa
Sesayarze
bevel v aTla
beverage n sasmeli
beware adv frTxilad
~ sth morideba vinmesi/ramisa
bewelled adj odnav pirmoyrili/damrecpiriani WurWeli
bewildering adj gamaognebeli,areul-dareuli
bewitch(ed) v adj gaTvalva/gaTvaluli,
monusxvamonusxuli,Selocva/Selocvili
beyond prep garda...
adv gareSe,GgaRma,gadaRma,miRma,Semdeg eg in 1915 and ~
1915 wels da Semdgom…
~ the confines of… sazRvrebs gareT/
miRma
~ the country qveynis gareT
sty is ~ sb raRac aRemateba vinmes
Zalebs
the ~ n saiqio
bezel n beWdis faraki(The term was kindly
offered by Ms D.Kacharava in 1980)
bezoar=Capra aegagrus Lat. n Sinauri
Txis winapari
bias n azris mimarTuleba,daxriloba,
midrekileba,mizani,undobloba,
mikerZoeba
adj adv daxrili;daxrilad,diagonalze/diagonalurad
v
gavlenis qona/moxdena rameze,
mikerZoeba,gadaxra,undobloba
biased adj mikerZoebuli
~ against
~
sawinaaRmdegod
~ towards
~
sasargeblod
Bible n biblia
Bible story Bbibliuri ambavi/istoria
bicepal adj orTava
bichrome adj orferi
bicker v kinklaoba, wakideba
bicone/biconical adj bikonusuri
biconvex adj ormxrivamoburculi/amozneqili
bident n adj orTiTi,orTiTa
bier n forani
wooden ~ dasakrZalavi xis ~
biface adj raime ormxrivdamuSavebuli
bifacial adj orsaxovani,ormxrivi
bifacially worked adj ormxrivdamuSavebuli
26
na
~ with bread and water puriT da wyliT
kurTxeva
blessed adj dalocvili,kurTxeuli,nakurTxi,unetaresi
Blessed (the) adj netari,RvTivkurTxeuli
Blessed Sacrament (the) evqaristia
Blessed Soil (the) kurTxeuli miwa
blessing ger madli
blessful(ly) adj adv netari,netarad
blight v dazaraleba,dazianeba
blind adj brma
blister/bubble n haeris buSti liTonSi/
minaSi
blinkers n pl usu. cxenis Tvalsafar(eb)i
block n lodi,mori,sayrdeni boZi,kvadri,
qvaTlili,xorgi,ubani=kvartali,
saxli=korpusi,kompleqsi,lodi
v amoqolva,dabrkoleba,daxurva,
dagmanva,gasasvlelis/Sesasvlelis Caqceva/Caketva
~ by stone walling qvebiT amoqolva
~ in v Caxergva
made up of several blocks Sedgenili
ramdenime nawilisagan(mag. sacxovrisi)
~ ore n adj qvamadani/madnis
unworked ~ daumuSavebeli lodi
~ up v amoSeneba,Caxergva
block (the) n saqondaqre,TavsakveTi kunZi
blocked adj amoqolili,dagmanuli,Caqceuli Sesasvleli
blockhouse n oda saxli
blood n adj sisxli(s)
blue ~ adj cisfersisxliani
~ relative n sisxliT naTesavi
shed ~ for one’s country samSoblosaTvis sisxlis daRvra
~ vessel n adj sisxlZarRvi
bloodgood n adj CitivaSla(si), AcerA
Palmatum Lat.
bloodless adj usisxlo
bloodshed n sisxlisRvra
bloom n kvirti,madnidan gamodnobili
liToni
v ayvaveba/yvaviloba(gazafxulze)
liTonis gamodnoba madnidan
blow n v dartyma=aliyuri,berva,naRaris
dacema,qaris qrolva
~ into v Caberva
blower n civsaberi Rumeli
bishop n meufe(mRvdlis xarisxi)
suffragan ~ qorepiskoposi
Bison bonanus n domba
bit n nawili/naWeri raRacis,lagmiani
FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF
FaRviri
a ~ adv adj odnav,cota(odeni)
~ ~ with let in shaffles n lagami misaSvebi
saybeurebiT
~ ~ of n arCivi,ulufa
~ ~ ~ sth n raRacis umciresi nawili
2-3 link ~ n 2-3 nawiliani lagami
bitter(ly) adj adv mware(d),Zlier
~ enemy dauZinebeli mteri
~vetch=Vicia sp. Lat. n adj cercvela(si)
bitumen n adj bitumi(s)
bivalve adj orsagduliani
bizarre adj gaurkveveli,ucnauri
black(see color) adj Savi
~ on white adv SaviT TeTrze
blackberry n adj mayvali/mayvlis
~ bushes n mayvlovani
blacken(ed) v adj gamurva/gamuruli,gaSaveba/gaSavebuli
blackhorn n adj ZeZvi(s)
blacksmith(ary) n mWedeli; mWedloba,
samWedlo saqme
blade n anatkeci, mWreli piri/fxa,danis
piri
blade-let n raime sagnis mWreli piri
bladed adj piriani=fxiani
blae n adj qviSaqva/qvis
blank n adj namzadi; sada,usaxuri,sicariele,carieli adgili,qvis natexi
~ place carieli adgili
~ verse n iambiko
~ wall SiSveli kedeli
blancket v n dafarva,saburveli
blaspheme(r) v n mkrexeloba/mkrexeli,
RvTis gmoba/mgmobi
blasphemous adj mkrexeluri
blasphemy n mkrexeloba
blast n brZmedi,sahaero=haersadeni
blaster adj naberi
blaze(d) v adj niSnis dadeba;niSacxoveli
blazonry n heraldika
bleach(ed) v adj gaTeTreba=gamoxarSva/
gaTeTrebuli, (cvilis) gamoxda/
gamoxdili
blend v aRgva
~into v CarTva
~together v erTad Sereva
bless v dalocva,kurTxeva,naTlis mofe-
27
muceli/tani WurWlis
~ oblonged like pear msxlisebr wagrZelebuli tani WurWlis
pear-shaped=pyriform ~ msxlis formis tani WurWlis
scientific ~
mecnierTa/samecniero
GGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGG
Gjgufi
straight ~ swori tani (WurWlis)
swollen ~ Seberili muceli(WurWlis)
upper ~ = upper part of the ~ adamianis/
WurWlis tanis zeda nawili
~ wall WurWlis gverdi/kedeli
~ widening/widens abruptly/sharply WurWlis tani farTovdeba swrafad
~ was accompanied/conducted with… micvalebuls Catanebuli qonda/axlda...
boffin n swavluli-konsultanti
bog n Waobi
~ ore n adj Savi oqra,Waobis madani
boggy adj blanti.fxvieri,Waobiani
boil(ed) n v adj duRili/anaduRari,(mo)
xarSva,moxarSuli
boiling adj ger mduRare,duRili
bold adj gabeduli,Tamami,mkveTri,mkafio,
meloti=qaCali
~ claim(s) mkafio mtkicebuleba(ni)
~ spirit gabeduli(sulis mqone)adamiani
boldly adv gabedulad,Tamamad
bildness n gabeduleba,siTamame
bolsar n muTaqa,sayrdeni
bolt(see latch) n saketi
bond v aguris/qvis wyoba/wyobis gamagreba/Sekvra,xelSekrulebis dadeba
~ stone Riobis qva
bondage n monoba,tyveoba,ymoba
bondager n yma qali
bonded adj mimagrebuli=SeerTebuli;
gadabmuli wyoba (aguris/qvis)
bonder/bondstone n gadabmis qva (wyobaSi)
bondman n yma
bonds n pl usu. borkilebi-cxovreba=
cixe
bone(see vertebra) n adj Zvali/Zvlis,
Tevzis fxa/fxis
ankle ~ koWis Zvali (adamianis)
apophysis n Zvlis morCi
atlas n kisris I mala
axis n
~
II ~
breast ~ n mkerdis Zvali
calva/calvae n sing/pl qalasarqveli
blown adj gaberili,naberi
blowpipe(see bellows) n saberveli
bludgeon n kistani
bluebell n adj cisTvala(si)(mc)
blueberry n adj lurji mocvi(s)
blue-burnish(ed)(see colour) v adj mosevadeba,mosevadebuli
Blue Horn (member(s) n pl usu. cisferyanwelebi
blued adj mosevadebuli
bluffs n pl cicabo kalTebi
blunt v adj dablagveba,blagvi
blur n v laqa,dalaqaveba,dasvra,gabundo
vaneba,waSla,reputaciis Selaxva
blured adj bundovani,waSlili
boar n kerati,taxi
board n adj ficari/ficris,dafa,persoGG GGnali=TanamSromlebi,sabWo,naxevardiumiani paneli/ficari
face ~ daraba
floor ~ iatakis ficari/parketi
mould ~ guTnispiris frTa
rise ~ SemaRlebisTvis gamosayenebeli
ficari
boards n scena TeatrSi
boast v amayoba,trabaxi
~ in v amayoba raime kargiT
boat n navi
~ shaped adj navisebri
Bodily injury sxeulis dazianeba
bodkin n maxaTi
body n sxeuli,tani,micvalebuli(samarxSi),TanamSromlebi=Stati,ganyoGGG ganyofileba,warmonaqmni,WurWlis
muceli/tani,jgufi,Senobis tani/
CarCo,jgufi
advisory ~ mrCevelTa sabWo/jgufi
awkward/clumsy ~ adamianis/WurWlis
tlanqi sxeuli/tani
biconical ~ bikonusuri tani(WurWlis)
bulbous ~ xaxvis formis
~
~
bulging ~ gamoberili
~
~
carinated ~ wiboiani
~
~
decision-making
~
gadawyvetilebis
GGGGGGGGGGGGGGG
mimRebi jgufi
egg-like adj kvercxisebri(tani WurWlis)
foreign ~ ucxo sxeuli
globular ~ sferuli tani(WurWlis)
~ guard piradi dacva
~ narrowing abruptly to the underside Zisken swrafad Seviwrovebuli
28
carpal/hand n xelis mtevani
~ ~ n ~
mtevnis/nebis Zvali
castal(see rib) ~ n nekni
cervical vertebra/vertebrae n kisris mala/malebi
cheek(see zygomatic) ~ n loyis Zvali
collar ~ = clavicle n Llaviwis ~
coccux ~ n kudusunis ~
cranium/crania(see skull) n sing/pl Tavis
qala
crescent ~ n navisebri Zvali
cube-shaped ~ n kubisebri ~
cubit/funny(see ulna) ~ n idayvis ~
cuneiform=cuniform/lateral(see wedgeshaped) ~ n solisebri ~
~density Zvlis gamZleoba/simtkice
face ~ n saxis ~
femur/femora(see thigh) n barZayis ~
head/top of femur n tabuxis ~
fibula/fibulae n sing/pl Lat. wvivis mcire
finger ~ n TiTis ~
foot n terfi
foot ~ n terfis Zvali
forearm ~ n wina mxris ~
frontal ~ n Sublis ~
~ sinuce n Sublis Zvlis Rru
highbone n usaxelo Zvali
hollow ~ n lulovani ~
humerus n wina mxris ~
ischium/ischia(see pelvic) n sing/pl
menjis ToToeuli Zvali
kneecap n kviristavi
leg bone(s) n fexis Zvali/Zvlebi
lingual ~ n enisqveSa ~
lower jaw ~ /mandible(see lower) n
qveda ybis ~
lumbar vertebra/vertebrae n sing/pl
welis mala/malebi
manumbrium n mkerdis Zvali(laviwis ZvlebTan axlos
metacarpal (see capral) ~ n mtevnis/
nebis Zvali
metatarsal(see tarsal) n wina terfi
~
bone(s) n wina terfis
Zvali.Zvlebi
nasal/nose(see vomer) ~ n cxviris ~
pariental ~ n Txemis ~
latalla/patellae(see kneecap) n sing/pl
kviristavi
pelvic(see ischium) n menjis Zvali
pelvis n menji
phalange n falangi
quadrate ~ n kvadratuli Zvali
radius/radii n sing/pl sxivis ~
rib(see castal) n nekni
ribcage n yvela nekni erTad
sacral bone n gavis=jvrisebri Zvali
sacrum n gava
scapula n BbeWis Zvali
semilunar bone n naxevarmTvarisebri=
ZiriTadi Zvali
skull(see cranium) n Tavis qala
~ bone n Tavis qalas Zvali
shinbone(see tibia) n wvivis didi ~
shoulder blade n beWis ~
sphenoid ~ n solisebri ~
spine n xerxemali
stapes/stapedes n sing/pl yuris Zvali/
Zvlebi
sternum n mkerdis Zvali me-5 neknTan
stirrup(see stapes) n yuris Zvali
tarsal n wina terfi
~ bone(s) n ~ ~ Zvali/Zvlebi
temporal ~ n safeTqlis ~
thigh(see femur) ~ n barZayis ~
thoratic vertebra/vertebrae n sing/pl
mkerdis mala/malebi
tibia/tibiae(see shinbone) n sing/pl wvivis didi Zvali
ulna/ulnae(see cubit) n sing/pl idayvis
~ saxsari
upper jaw(see lower) ~ n zeda ybis Zvali
vomer(see nazal) n cxviris ~
wedge-shaped(see cuneiform) ~ n solisebri ~
wrist ~ n majis ~
zygomatic(see cheek) ~ n loyis ~
bone carver/cutter n Zvalze/Zvlis mkveTeli
~ carving/cutting n ~
~
kveTa
~ of contentation ganxeTqilebis vaSli
in ~ adj
Zvlis(a) (nivTi)
~ objects n Zvlovani masala,Zvlis
nivTebi
~ splint(s) n Zvlis namsxvrev(eb)i
bony adj Zvliani,Zvlovani
book n v wigni; SekveTa=dajavSna
Books of Apostles
mociqulTa wignebi
Books of the New Covenant axali aRTqmis
Books if the Old Covenant Zveli aRTqmis
book of home cure samkurnalo wigni=
karabadini
29
Book of Hours Jamni=cxra wigni
~ register/registration ~ saaRricxvo wigni
boon n xsna
boot n Ceqma
bootee n faCuCebi
booth n farduli
booty n Zvirfasi SenaZeni;nadavli=
naqurdali
borage=Borango officinalis Lat. n adj barambo(mc)
borange n adj boranjo=kitrisuna=saro
(si), Borango gen(mc)
~
n adj barambo, Borango officinalis
border(s) n v a®Sia,(sa)zRvari,mijna,
CarCo
beyond ~ adv sazRvris miRma/gareT
erase the ~ sazRvrebis moSla
~land n mosazRvre qveyana,sasazRvro
zoli
~ line n sazRvari=sasazRvro zoli
on the ~ of… sazRvarze/sazRvarTan
~post n sazRvris boZi/sveti
share ~ saerTo sazRvari 2 qveyanis
~ stone n sazRvris qva
within ~ adv sazRvris Signi
bordered adj garsSemovlebuli ramiT,
moCarCoebuli,SemosazRvruli
~ by adj CarCoSi Casmuli
bordering adj mosazRvre
~ on area
~
teritoria
bore n v burRi,saxvreti; xvreta
born adj bunebrivi,dabadebuli,Sobili
Georgian ~ qarTuli warmomavlobisG
borne out by sth dadasturebulia=dasturdeba ramiT
borrow(ed) v adj gamoReba/gadmoRebuli=
mibaZva/minabaZi=sesxeba/nasesxebi,Txoveba.naTxovari
borrower n msesxebeli=is,vinc isesxa
bosom n mkerdi=ube
~ friend uaxloesi megobari
boss n kopi,Sverili,saxeluri=xelmoGGGGsakidi,rusti(ka)=kedlis mopirkeTeba win gamoburculi uxeSad damuSavebuli didi qvebiT
both adj adv pron. orive
on ~ faces orive zedapirze
bottle n boTli
scent ~ n sanelsacxeble
bottom n adj fskeri,Ziri; qveda
~ and side piece WurWlis Zir-gverdi
bottomless adj ufskero,uZiro
bough n saxrCobela
bought adj nayidi
boulder n adj kaWari(s),lodi(s),daumuSabeli qva/qvis,yore/yoris qva
bound n adj (sa)sazRvaro,gadabmuli,dakavSirebuli,mibmuli,Sekruli,SeWedili
beyond ~ adv sazRvars gareT
~ by adj ganpirobebuli ramiT
~ to do sth viTareba,roca raRacis gakeTeba ganpirobebulia ramiT
within ~ adv sazRvrebs Signi
boundary n zRvari,mijna,samani,saxelmwiGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGG GGGfo sazRvari
adj sasazRvro
~ post
~
posti
bounded adj SemosazRvruli
~ by sth
~
ramiT
boundless adj ukidegano,usazRvro,usasrulo
bovid=bovine adj xarisa
bow n babTa,mSvildi,mSvildsakinZis
rkali,navis cxviri,isarmtyorcni
n v Tavis dakvra/daxra
~ and arrow
mSvild-isari
drawn ~ daWimuli mSvildi
~ man n mSvildosani
~ shaped adj morkaluli,moSvilduli,
GGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGrkalisebri,rkaluri
~
~ pin n mSvildsakinZi,mSvildakiani/xemiani mSvildsakinZi(see fibula)
(at) ~ shot adv isris gasrolaze=manZili
bowels of the earth miwis wiaRi
bowl n Tasi, jami
libation ~ n Rvinis Sesawiri ~
milk ~/jug n sarZeve
pouring ~ n samsxmelo jami
box n adj loJa,yuTi,Zara; bza/bzis
~ of beams sxivTa kona
~ flue/tile n oTxi kramitiT Sedgenili
sakvamuris yuTi
~holley n adj tagvisara,Zmerxli (mc)
~ seat n kofo
brace n samagri, misabrjeni, iribana,Senobis nawilebis samagri,xaraCo,
jojgina
counter ~ iribana
bracelet n adj samajuri(s)
flat ~ brtyeli ~
30
mad
snap n samajuris Sesakravi
torque/twisted ~ grexili/xveuli ~
~ with bent ends boloebgadaxveuli ~
~ ~ ~ inwards back zurgSezneqili~
~ ~ closed ends boloebSeerTebuli ~
~ ~ expanded ~ boloebgaSlili ~
~ ~ intermingled ~ = intermingled ~ samajuri erTmaneTze gadasuli
boloebiT
~ ~ open/penannular ~ boloebgaxsnili ~
~ ~ tied ~ boloebgadaxveuli ~
~ ~ twisted ~ boloebdaxveuli ~
~ ~ widened ~ boloebgafarToebu
li~
brachicranial adj braqikranuli
brachicranium n braqikrani
bracket n bjeni,konsoli
bracketed adj frCxilebSi Casmuli
~ keystone frCxilebiani Camketi qva
brackrts n pl frCxilebi teqstSi
braid n v sirma,sorsoli,yaiTani; (da)
wvna
braided adj (da)wnuli
brain n pl only qato
brainchild of sb vinmes gonebis/fantaziis nayofi,idea,naazrevi
brandish weapons v iaraRis JRaruni=muqa
ra
brains n pl tvini
bramble n adj ZaRlmayvala
branch n rto,toti,Sto,filiali,mecnierebis/warmoebis dargi,vazis
lerwi
v gavrcoba
branched adj gavrcobili,gantotvili
branching n adj ganStoeba; datotvili
branchy adj gantotvili,datotvili,totebiani
brand n v damRa/dadamRva,daRi,nakvercxali
~ of Cain kaenis codva=stigma
~ new adj sul axali=cincxali
braser n mSvildosnis majis safari
brass n adj v TiTberi/TiTbris,moTiTbrva
brassed adj moToTbruli
brave adj gabeduli,vaJkaci,Tamami
bravely adv gabedulad,vaJkacurad,Tama-
bravery n gabeduleba,didebuleba,vaJkacoba,trabaxi
brazero n tafa,romelSic cecxls anTeben gaTbobis mizniT
brazier n mayali,tafa,ToqmaCi=spilenZis
da TiTbris xelosani
breach n v naprali,xvreli,gamomtvreva
bread n adj puri(s)
unleavened ~ usafuaro puri
breadth n sigane
across the ~ adv siganeze
breadthwise adv siganeze.siganiT
break(see sharp) n v wyvetili,wyveta,motexiloba; (ga)texva/wyveta,darRveva
(ga)texva/wyveta,darRveva,mtvreva,
msxvreva
~ down v anawevreba,daSla,dacema(mag.
vaWrobis),xelisuflebis damxoba
~ ~ into pieces v nawilebad daSla
~ in v gaxedna,dageSva,Semtvreva
~ of the fast v marxvis gatexva
~ off v damTavreba,Sewyveta
~ ~ from sth Camocileba raime
სaqmiდან
~ open v gamongreva,gamotexva,Semtvreva, qvis gaxeTqva
~ out a war v omis gaCaReba
sharp ~ swrafi/ucabedi wyvetili
breakwater n zRvis talRebis amridi
~ the soil v miwis damuSaveba
breakage n namsxvrevebi,mtvreva,msxvreva
breakdown n v (da)Sla,rRveva
breakfast(see break of the fast) n sauzme
breaking n motexiloba
breakthrough(s) n garRveva
breakwater
breast n adj mkerdi,ZuZu; samkerde
~ band(see band) cxenis samkerduli
~ brooch gulsabnevi
~ fastening mkerdsakinZi
~ plate samkerduli(firfita)
out thrust ~ win wamoweuli mkerdi
~ summer =bressumer=bressomer n mzidi koWi
wear on ~ v mkerdze gakeTeba/tareba
breastless adj umkerdo
breathe v sunTqva
~ one's last warxdoma=sikvdili
breathlacking adj sulis/sunTqvis Semkvreli
31
is wyoba
~ bond (aguris/qvis) wyobaSi
Casmuli
~ works n aguris qarxana
bricked adj aguriT mogebuli
bricking ger aguris wyoba
herringbone ~ grigala/Tevzifxuri ~
~ in carinated side ~ gverdiTi ~
~ in headers
yira ~
~ in length
~ grZivi
~
~ in width
~ ganivi
~
~ on edge(edgewise/stretcher on edge)
~ ~ grZeli gverdiT
coursed/horizontal ~
~ Tarazuli ~
bridal adj saqorwino
~ bath
~
abazana
bride n patarZali=dedofali
~ money n mehari,urvadi,yalimi
~ groom n nefe=saqmro
bridesmaid(see best) n patarZlis dobili=xelismomkide
bridge n v xidi/bogiri; gadabma,napralis Sevseba,SeerTeba,xidis gadeba
~ arch n xidis Tvali
~ the gap v wyvetilis Sevseba(mag.
qronologiaSi)
draw/hoist ~ n asawevi xidi
foot ~ n gadasakidi bogiri
hogged ~ n amoburculi/morkaluli xidi (mag. besleTis)
~land saxelmwifo xidi=saqarTvelo
~ of the nose cxviris fuZe
pile ~ xidi ximinjebze
~ pier
xidis burji
stringer ~ Zelfenili xidi
suspension ~
bondis xidi
bridging joist gadabma, Zelebis CarCo,romelzec igeba iataki
bridle n v aRviri,lagami; alagmva
brief adj arasruli,mokle,Semoklebuli,
xanmokle
briefly adv arasrulad,mikled,maSinve,nawilobriv,swrafad(ve),xanmokled
brigade n brigada-jaris nawili
bright adj maxvili,mbzinavi,mkveTri,naTeli,niWieri,kaSkaSa
brighten v gabrwyineba,ganaTeba,kaSkaSi
brightly adv mkveTrad,naTlad
brightness n elvareba,sinaTle,sikaSkaSe
brilliance n brwyinvaleba,elvareba
brilliant(ly) adj adv brwyinvale(d),mkafio(d
brim n qudis farfli,WurWlis bako/pi-
breathtaking(ly) adj adv gamaognebeli/gamaogneblad,sunTqvis Semkvreli/Semkvrelad,SemZvreli/SemZvrelad
breech-band n saZue
breed n v modgma,jiSi; saqonlis gamravleba,jiSis gamoyvana
breeder n mesaqonle
breeding ger cxovelTa qorwineba
bribe n v qrTami, qrTamis micema
brick n adj aguri(s)
v aguriT mogeba/mokirwyvla
abutment ~ saqusle aguri
adobe ~ bzenarevi=umi ~
air ~
gamomSrali ~
arch ~
TaRis ~
baked/bakened ~ gamomwvari ~
broad ~ ganivi ~
~ built/work aguriT naSeni
burnt ~ damwvari ~
clay ~
Tixis ~
cornice ~ lavgardanis ~
~ edge/stretcher aguris grZeli gverdi
facing ~ mosapirkeTebeli ~
fire ~
qvedis ~
~ flooring aguris iataki/safari
hand-made ~ xelnakeTi ~
half ~ naxevar-aguri
hollow ~ futuro ~
in ~ adv adj aguriT/aguris
key/voussoir ~
solisebri ~
kiln ~
saRumele ~
~ layer/mason n kalatozi
lump n mzeze gamomSrali aguri,
aliz-aguri,xelnakeTi aguri
~ maker n meagure=aguris mkeTebeli
mud ~ n adj aliz-aguri(s)
overburnt ~ damwvari ~
pale=not burnt ~ gamouwvavi/umi ~
~ paved/paving=paved with bricks agurFenili
~plano-concave brtyel-Cazneqili ~
~plano-convex rtyel-amoburculi~
plinth/quadrel ~ qarTuli ~
right-angled ~ marTkuTxa=sworkuTxa ~
sun-dried ~ mzeze gamomSrali ~
tile ~ agurfila
~ up v dagmanva
voussoir ~ solisebri ~
wedge-shaped ~ solisebri ~
~ work n aguriT nagebi/naSeni, agur-
~
32
ri
brindled adj laqebiani
bring v mozidva,(Ca)motana
~an end to sth dasruleba ramis
~back into history istoriaSi dabruneba
vinmesi/movlenisa
~down v ganadgureba
~ forward v gamotana,warmoCena
~ in(to) v Setana/Semotana
~ in from v Semotana sadmeidan
~in god(s) axali/sxva RmerTis aRiareba
~ out v gamomJRavneba
~ together v daaxloeba,erTad Sekreba
~ under control v dapyroba
~ up v aRzrda
~ to an end v dasruleba
~ to fruition v aRsruleba,ganxorcieleba
~ to light v dRis sinaTleze gamotana,
gamoaSkaraveba,gamovlena,gamomzeureba, samarxis gaxsna
~together v mogroveba,Sekreba
~ ~ in sth Tavmoyra/mogroveba ramisa
rameSi
~ to trial v wameba
bringer n (Se)momtani
~of Christ(see Enlightener,Unimatrix) ganmanaTlebeli=qristianobis Semomtani/
GGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGgamavrcelebeli
brisk adj gacxovelebuli
bristle sb at sth ajagruli/saomrad ganwyo
bili
bristled up adj ajagruli
bristles n pl usu. jagari
brittle(ness) adj n mtvrevadi,myife;simyife
broad adj ganieri,vrceli,farTe
~ evidence of sth uamravi masala/sabuTi
~ interest farTo interesi
~ stretch of territory vrceli teritoria
in ~ sense of sth farTo gagebiT
broaden v gavrcoba,gafarToeba
broadly adv farTod
brocade n adj farCa/farCis
broken adj (ga)texili,damsxvreuli,damtvreuli,arasruli,wyvetili
~ away adj motexili ramisgan rame
~ down adj daSlili
~ line
texili xazi
bronze(see monetary) n adj v brinjao(si),
brinjaoTi dafarva
antimony ~ n adj anTimoniani brijao
GGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGG(si)
arsenic=arsenious ~ n adj dariSxaniani
classical ~ klasikuri ~
hightinned ~ kalauxvi ~
in ~ adj brinjaoTi/brinjaosi
little tinned ~ kalamcire ~
plate-glass ~ sarkisebri ~
stannous/tinned ~ kaliani ~
bronzed adj brinjaoTi daferili
bronzecaster/worker n brinjaos ostati=
mdnobeli/Camomsxmeli
bronzes/bronzework n pl brinjaos nivTebi
brooch n adj gulsabnevi(s),gulqandi(s),
mkerdsakinZi(s); rkali/CarCo
(beWdis Tvlis,gulsabnevis,sarkis...)
spit ~ Samfuri
brook n nakaduli,Rele,wyaro
broom n cocxi
brother(hood) n Zma, Zmoba,saZmo
sworn ~ n Zmadnafici,Zmadnaficoba
brotherly adv Zmuri
brouch n nimbi,rkali
~ ridge n warbis rkali
~ of the hill mTis Sverili
brush n funji,jagrisi,yalami
brushwood n adj buCqnari(s),Celti(s)
road of ~ Celtis gza
bubble/blister n haeris buSti liTonSi/
minaSi
bubble(ing) v ger CuxCuxi duRilisas
bucket n sarwyuli,hidria
buckle=buckle-loop n balTa=agrafa;
naRuni
chape n balTis kauWi
loop n
~
rkali
tongue n
~
ena
buckle v amoburcva,amozneqa
bucolic adj sofluri
bucranium/bucrane n sing/pl Lat. xaris Tavis qandakeba
buckwheat n adj wiwibura(si), Fagopurum
esculentum Lat.
bud n kokori
bugle n sayviri
build v ageba,(a)Seneba,(amo)Seneba
~ anew v Tavidan/xelaxla aSeneba
~by hand xelnakeTi/naZerwi keramika
~ in(to) v CaSeneba
~on/upon v daSeneba=simaRlis momateba
33
bulk of… raodenoba/Semcveloba raRaciGGGGGGGGGGsa raRacaSi, ZiriTadi birTvi
bulkhead n Zgide
bulkwark n TavdacviTi miwayrili
bumpy adj oRro-CoRro gza,xorklebiGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGG
Gani zedapiri
bunch n kona,Sekvra,yurZnis mtevani,jgufi,nakrebi sagnebis
bundle n guda,fuTa
bung n sacobi,cobola
bunk n nari=sawoli
burden n tvirTi
bureaucracy n biurokratia
burgeoning adj axladgaCenili/Casaxuli
mag. vaWroba
burgler n mZarcveli
burial(see grave,tomb) n samarxi,saflavi
adj (da)sakrZalavi; v dakrZalva
adobe/mud-brick ~ alizis samarxi
arrange ~ v samarxis gamarTva
~ antechamber samarxSi Sesasvleli(mag
GGGGGG
derefani)
barrow n yrili samarxis Tavze
baulk n uReli samarxSi
~ chamber samarxissakani=dasakrZalavi darbazi
~ with circular barrow wriulqvayriliani
samarxi
~ construction samarxis aRnagoba
~ contents (context, complex) samarxeuli
kompleqsi=SigTavsi
~ with corbelled roof samarxis sayrdenebze gamarTuli gvirgvinuli saxuravi
~ cover/roof sაmarxis saxuravi
~ custom(s),habit(s),rite(s) dakrZalvis wesebi
decapitated ~ uTavo micvalebulis ~
flagged area in ~ filebiT mogebuli
Sesasvleli samarxSi
~ framework
Zelsamarxi
girder cover of ~ samarxis Zelfenili
saxuravi
~ ground/ground-site(see cemetery) samarovani
~ heap/heap n samarxis zvini
~ log Ggeja-samarxi
log ~ chamber ZelebiT nagebi saTavso
~ mound samarxis borcvi/zvini
beneath the ~ borcvqveS(a)…
~ rich of offerings (masaliT) mdidari samarxi
~on top of earlier structure(s) Zvel saZirKvelze daSeneba
~ upon existing foundation Zvel saZirkvelze daSeneba
~upon ruins nangrevebze aSeneba
builder n (a)mSenebeli,aRmaSenebeli
building(see lean) n ger adj saxli,Senoba,
Seneba,samSeneblo,mSenebare,qanis
sveti/zoli, nageboba
~ area/site samSeneblo ezo/moedani
~campaign axalmSeneblobebi
channeled ~ Senobis saZirkveli,romelic Sedgeba qvis paraleluwyobebisgan,rac qmnis Rarebs
code of ~ mSeneblobis wesi
~ level
~
done
~ heritage
~
memkvidreoba
main ~ mTavari/ZiriTadi nageboba
~ material(s)
samSeneblo masala
mountain ~ mTaTa warmoqmna
~nondomestic arasacxovrebeli nageBoba
substantial ~ gamZle nageboba
terrazzo floor=buttressed ~ kirqvis da
sxva jiSis qviT nagebi da cementiseburi xsnariT Semtkicebuli
nageboba
~timber-framed xis CarCoiani
built adj agebuli,amoSenebuli,aSenebuli,
nagebi
~in CaSenebuli
~ on adj daSenebuli
~ ~ the traditions trdiciebze/tradiciebis mixedviT agebuli
well ~ adj kargad/mkvidrad nagebi
bulb n bolqvi=xaxvis Tavi, elnaTura
bulbous adj xaxvis Tavisebri
bule (see bulla) n bule
bulge n kopi
bulging adj gamoberili
bull n buRa,xari
~ bird n frTosani xari
bulla(see bule,docket) n bula,savaWro saqonelze/WurWelze Sesabmeli niSani
~ =clay sealing=stamp seal(see cretula) n
sabeWdavi
bullet n Tofis tyvia
~core n satyorcni birTvi
bulletin n biuleteni; macne=moambe(samecniero gamocema)
bullock n dakodili xari
~ cart n xar-uremi,xarSebmuli uremi
34
kmeva=pirferoba
~ out v amowva rameze
~ to the ground (gada)bugva/wva
burned=burnt adj gamomwvari,damwvari,Serujuli
~ down adj damwvari
~ out adj amomwvari
~ site of fire naxanZrali
burning n adj ger wida/widis, wva
~ cinders n adj namwvi(s)
~ furnace/kiln gamosawvavi Rumeli
burnish(ed) v adj gaprialeba,naprialebi
gamowva keramikis
perfunctory ~ zedapiruli gamowva
spiral ~ spiralurad gamowva/gapriale
ba
streak ~ xazebad gamowva/gaprialeba
burnisher n gamprialebeli,saprialebeli
burrow n soro
burst sth v garRveva(mag.kedlis),aRzeveba
afeTqebagacxoveleba raime saqmianobis
bury(ing) v ger damarxva,dakrZalva,dafvvla,Camarxva
~alive cocxlad damrxva
bush n buni(ki),buCqi,mWreli piri,CasarTi
bushy adj buCqnari(T) dafaruli
business n saqme,saqmianoba
~ house savaWro saxli
~ like adj saqmiani
bust n tanis welszeda nawili=biusti
~ shot ~
~
gamosaxuleba
bustling adj gacxovelebuli,mzardi
busy adj saqmiani,saqmiT datvirTuli,
dakavebuli
but adv conj garda/mxolod; magram
~ a single mxolod erTi
~ on the other hand samagierod.., meores
mxriv...
butcher n v dakvla,yasabi,xocva-Jleta
butcher’s Broom=box/knee holly=sweet broom
n adj Tagvisara=Zmerxli, Ruscus
Aculeatus=Ruscus Aculeateus angustifoliu Lat.
butchery n sasaklao,mkvleloba,dakvla,
xocva-Jleta
butler n meRvineTuxucesi,msaxurTuxucesi
butt n yua (ara puris)
butter n adj karaqi(s);morqenali cxove-
=resting place gansasvenebeli
~ with a shelf in one side Taro ~
~ ~ timber framing of logs ZelebiT amogebuli ~
= tumulus/tumuli n sing/pl Lat. gora ~
~ well= ~ in a well ~ WaSi
~ wreath n micvalebulis gvirgvini
barrow ~ gorasamarxi
chariot ~ etli ~
double-chamber ~ orsenakiani ~
damaged(disturbed,incomplete) ~ dazianebuli ~
empty ~ carieli/uinventaro ~
family ~ saojaxo ~
hall-porch ~ = magaron=megaron megaroni
hasty ~
saxeldaxelo samarxi
intact/undisturbed ~ xeluxlebeli ~
jug ~ qvevr ~
lavish(richly furnished,wealthy) ~ mdidruli ~
mass ~ koleqtiuri ~
memorial ~ samaxsovro ~
moundless ~ uzvinulo ~
multiply ~ mravaljer gamoyenebuli ~
pit/shaft ~ ormosamarxi
pitless ~ uormoo ~
plinth/slab-built ~ fila ~
plundered/robbed ~ gaZarculi ~
quarry stone ~ yorekedliani ~
ramp/slope n daxrili Casasvleli
river ~
~ mdinareSi
rock-cut ~ kldeSi nakveTi ~
scanty ~
Raribuli ~
~ service
wesis ageba
shaft ~ Wa samarxi/samarxi Wa
slab-covered ~ filaqviT daxuruli ~
stepped ~ safexurebiani ~
stone-box ~ lodi/qva ~
stone-built ~ qvis/qviT nagebi ~
tile/tile-built ~ kramit ~
trench ~
~ arxSi
two-staged ~ oriarusiani ~
unrifled ~ gauZarcvavi ~
wooden-bier ~ forani ~
buried adj damarxuli,dafluli
burin n saWrisi, burRi
burn v gamowva,dawva,Serujva
~ at the stake koconze dawva
~ down v gadabugva,(ga)dawva
~ in hell
jojoxeTSi dawva
~ incense to someone gundrukis
35
li
butter and eggs=Linaria vulgaris (Lat) n adj
seli(s)
butterbur=Petasites gen (Lat) n adj buera(si)(mcenare)
buttercup=Ranunculus acris (Lat) n adj
mindvris baia(si)
buttering ger ngreva kedlis sangrevi
manqaniT
~ram sangrevi=saomari manqana=verZi
buttermilk n adj do(si)
butter vetch=Vicia sp. Lat. n adj mware cercvela(si) (mc)
button n adj kilita/kilitisa,Rili(sa)
~ hole n Rilkilo
~ seal n Rili-sabeWdavi
~ shaped adj Rilisebri
buttress n v Fr. iaqTaRi=gamagreba=kontrforsi
buttressed adj iaqTaRebiT gamagrebuli
externally ~ iaqTaRi kedlis garedan
internally ~ iaqTari kedlis Signidan
~structure iaqTaRebiani nageboba
buy v (Ses)yidva
by prep. adv ...iT, ...mier,...mixedviT
~ analogy with… analogiiT ramesTan
~ birth adj adv bunebrivi/bunebrivad,
Tandayolili,dabadebiT..,sisxnaTesauri,warmoSobiT( mag.Georgian by birth)
~ comparing with Sedarebis saSualebiT
~ contrast with sth gansxvavebiT
raRacisგან
~ decoration ornamentiT/ornamentis mixedviT
~ decree kanoniT,dekretis mixedviT
~ form
formiT,formis mixedviT
~ heart
zepirad(mag. leqsi)
~ product gverdiTi produqti
~ so doing amiT..,amis gakeTebiT..,Tu ase
moviqceviT...
~ volume moculobiTi
~ way of… gavliT.., gzad...
~ wide margine didi gansxvavebiT
byre n boseli, saqonlis sadgomi
byword n frTiani sityva
byssus n adj bisoni(s)
Caesar n keisari
caesura/caesurae n sing/pl Lat. wyvetili
cage-cup v Caketva
cake n adj namxcvari,wewoni(s)(koptoni)
calathus/calathi n sing/pl Lat. SroSanis
formis kalaTi(ornamenti)
calcine(ation) v n gamowva
calculate(ion) v n angariSi,gamoTvla
caldera n didi qvabi(esp),vulkanis krate
ri
ante ~ vulkanis krateriswina terito
ria
calendar(ical) n adj kalendari/kalendaruli,svinaqsari
calendrical adj kalendaruli
calf n nukri,xbo, wvivi=kanWi
calip n xalifa
call v saxelis darqmeva,daZaxeba,uwodo vinmes/rames rame saxeli
~ back v ukan gawveva/gamoTxova
~ for v moTxovnileba=moTxovna
~ forth v gamowveva ramis(mag.xmauris)
~ in v stumroba, sanaxavad Sevla
~ into question v raRac badebs kiTxvas
~ off v SeCereba,ukan gawveva
~ on v mowodeba,mouwodo vinmes gaakeTos rame
callote n skviTuri qudi
calm v adj damSvideba,mSvidi
~ down v dacxroma,damSvideba
calorifere n Fr. kaloriferi
calva/calvae n sing/pl Lat. qalasarqveli
calvaria(see frontal) Sublis(a)
Calvary n golgoTa
calve v pirutyvis mSobiaroba=doli
calyx/calyces n sing/pl Lat. yvavilis jami,niJara
camelcade n aqlemebis qaravani
camelry n jari aqlemebze(meomrebi)
cameo n kamea
~ technique kameis keTebis teqnika
cameo-cut gem(m) n kamea gem(m)iT
camp(ing) n v ger banaki,dabanakeba
set up a ~ dabanakeba,banakis dacema
campaign n v laSqroba,kampania(savele,
saomari)
~afield laSqroba=brZolis veli
~ against sb/sth v brZola vinmes/ramis
winaaRmdeg
C
Cabbage rose=Rosa cantifolia Lat. asfurce
Lla vardi
cache n grova,samalavi
cadastre n aRweris wigni
36
~of revenge sapasuxo/samagieros gadasaxdeli brZola
wage ~ against sb brZola/kampania vinmes winaaRmdeg
can n Tunuqis WurWeli
oil ~ n sazeTe
~
can v SeZleba(Tandayolili/SeZenili
unari)
~ be deduced through SesaZlebelia
~ ~ paralleled eZebneba paraleli,Seba mivamsgavsoT/SevadaroT
~ ~ traced through SeiniSneba kvali
~ ~ witnessed SeiZleba dadastureba
canaba n kanabe
canal(see channel) n xelovnuri arxi/Rari
cancel(ed) v n adj ganadgureba/ganadgubuli,gauqmeba/gauqmebuli,uaryofa/uaryofili
candelabrum n sasanTle,Sandali
candle n kelaptari,sanTeli
candlestick n sasanTle,Sandali(1 sanTlis)
canning n wnuli,xvia
canon n kanoni=werilobiTi wesi=dawerili kanoni,zarbazani
~ bit n lagmis nawili
canonical adj kanonikuri
canonize(d)(ation) v adj n dakanoneba/dakanonebuli,kanonizacia/kanonizebuli
canopy n baldaqini-naWeri, TaRi
cantharus/canthare n sing/pl Lat. qanTarosi
cantone(see district) n qveynis mxare/kuTTxe,provincia
cantonal adj samxareo,provinciis,provinciuli
~ capital kuTxis/mxaris dedaqalaqi
(mag. soxumi,quTaisi)
~ region olqi
canvas n saxatavi tilo
canyon n kanioni
cap n svetis Tavi=kapiteli,kokardiani quid, v gadaxurva,Tavdaxurva
~ stone dolmenis saxuravi brtyeli qva
capable adj SemZle=unaris mqone
capability n SesaZlebloba=unari
capacious adj tevadi
capacity n moculoba,simZlavre,tevadoba
Semcveloba
have ~
itevs...
to full ~ mTeli sisruliT
~to do sth midrekileba,unari,Tviseba
caparison n cxenis gadasafarebeli
caper n naxtomi
capital(see cap) n adj dedaqalaqi,sataxtsataxto qalaqi,umaRlesi
~ letter mTavruli(didi) aso
central ~ mTavari/sataxto qalaqi
Tbilisi)
Capital punishment sasikvdilo ganaCeni=
sikvdiliT dasja
Capitulum n Lat. kapituli
Capricorn n adj Txis rqa/rqisa
caprid n adj gareuli Txa;gareuli Txis
tyavi(s)=Sevro(si)
caprine adj Txisa
caption n warwera ilustraciaze
captivate(d) v adj datyveveba/datyvevebuli; moxibvla,mzeris mitaceba(silamaziT,raime niSniT,WkuiT)
captivating adj damatyvevebeli,momxiblavi
captive n v tyve, datyveveba
captivity n tyveoba
capture v adamianis gataceba,dapyroba,
mitaceba,datyveveba,Sepyroba
~ attention yuradRebis mizidva
Capuchin n kapucini
carafe n minis saRvine/sarwyuli
carat n Arab. karati=yiraTi
caravan (sarai) n qaravani,qarvasla
caraway n adj koWa,Zira(si) (mc)
carbon n adj naxSirbadi(s)
14
~ radioactive=C n adj radioaqtiuri ~
carbonize(d) v adj danaxSireba,naxSirbadiani
carboy n minis boca
carcass n frinvelis/cxovelis leSi
Cardamon n adj kurkuma,janjafili(s),
(h)ili(s)
carding ger adj matylis CeCva/saCeCi
cardo/cardiness n sing/pl Lat. meore quCa
care n v zrunva
~ home n TavSesafari
career n SemoqmedebiTi gza,moRvaweoba,
saqmianoba=kariera
start ~ SemoqmedebiTi gzis/saqmianobis
dasawyisi
careful(ly) adj adv frTxili,frTxilad
~ dressed kargad gaTlili/damuSavebuli
37
go ~ into v Cawvdoma azrSi/arsSi
carefree adj uzrunveli
careless(ly) adj adv dauxvewavi/dauxvewavad,uzrunveli/uzrunvelad,uyuradRebo(d)
carelessness n daudevroba,uzrunveloba,uyuradReboba
caretaker n mzrunveli
carinated adj wamaxuli,wiboiani
~ inverted side wiboiani gvardi
carination n wibo,yvavili RilkiloSi
carnation n adj mixaki (yvavili)
carnelian=cornelian n adj sardioni(s)
carnivore n adj xorcis mWameli/mtacebeli
carous n v qeifi
carpenter(see joiner) n durgali=xiTxuro
carpet(see rag,cover) n noxi,fardagi,xaliCa
v dafarva, mofena ramisa ramiT
magic ~ mfrinavi xaliCa
carriage n gatana=transportireba,sazidari
carriagecraft n meetleoba=xeloba
carrier n gadamtani/matarebeli vinme/rame
carry v gadatana,gadatan-gadmotana,
gadazidva,tareba
~away v gatana,gadaRvra
~forward v ganviTareba
~ on gaswio raime saqmianoba,datvirTva modis/aqvs..,saxuravis gamarTva,iatakis dageba
~ ~ excavation(s) gaTxrebis warmoeba
~ ~ traditions tradiciis gagrZeleba
~ out v gaZRola(Catareba,warmarTva),
ramis/saqmis warmoeba,misdio raime
saqmianobas,reformis gatareba,saqmis bolomde miyvana,gegmis Sesruleba, gamocda ramis
~ ~ sb's promise pirobis Sesruleba
~over of sth v gagrZeleba Zveli Cveule
bis
~ through v gaWirvebidan gamoyvana
~ the day gamarjveba
~ a fence round SemoRobva
~ the roof saxuravi eyrdnoba/dayrdnobilia…
~ a title titulis qona/matarebeli,titulovani
carrying adj ger gadamtani,tareba
~rings qvabze saxeluris amosadebi
rgolebi
carse n adj karsti(s)
carselet=carslet n Tori=Torni
cart n etli,sazidari,uremi
bullock ~ xar-uremi
tilted ~
Cardaxiani uremi
two-wheeled ~ orTvala ~
cart adj saurme,urmis(a)
axle n Tvlebis dasamagrebeli ganivi
RerZi
batton/tyre n Tvlis garsakravi salte
binding n apeuri
box n Zara
brake n sagduli
chassis n pl CarCo
draught-pole=pole=shaft n rvili
felly n Tvlis gare da Sida rkali
fender n Tvlis liTonis garsakravi
hob n Tvlis Sua mili/xvreli RerZis
Casasmelad
horn-yoke=yoke n uReli
king-bolt=pintle n tabiki
nave n Tvlis morgvi manebiT
peg n Wali
pole/shafts (pl) n xelna
rim n ferso
shaft n Tvlebis SemaerTebeli grZivi
RerZi
spring n Tvlis resori
sprung hinge resorsqveSa anjama
tilt n Cardaxi
~ track saurme gza
undercarriage n Zaris CarCo
wheel n adj urmis Tvali/Tvlis
cross-bar ~ jvaredinmanebiani ~
disc ~
masiuri=umanebo ~
~ with spokes manebiani Tvali
cartage n urmiT/WapniT gadazidva
cartouche n ornamentuli xvia
cartridge belt n savazne
carve v gamoTla/kveTa qvaze(Zvalze/xeze
carvel-built adj erTmaneTze piri-pirze dayobili aguriT/qviT nagebi
cascade n v kaskadi, gadmo(e)dineba
case n bude=hilza,viTareba,vitrina muzeumSi,SemTxveva,CanTa
a ~ in point ganxilvis sagani
in ~ ….
Tu..,am/im SemTxvevaSi
in any ~ yvela SemTxvevaSi
~ either ~ orive SemTxvevaSi
cased adj moCarCoebuli
casemate n Sida kedelze, an yrilze mi
dgmuli gareTa damreci gverdi Tav-
38
dacviTi Txrilisa; Senobis nakveTu
ri,xaro beRelSi,kazemati,namori
~construction kazematuri nageboba
~ wall beRlis/kazematis kedeli
casement n fanjara (Cveneburi)
cashe n saidumlo sacavi
casing n raime sagnis bude
casket n zardaxSa
casp v CarWoba
cast(see casting) n v elferi,sagnis anatvifri,forma=yalibi,detali,sxmuli,nimuSi,nayari=gadayrili,mopovebuli/warmoebuli saqonlis raodenoba,kasta; dayalibeba,yalibSi Camosxma
~ away v ukugdeba
~ detail n sxmuli
~ from mould yalibSi Camosxma
~ light on v naTelis mofena sakiTxze
~ line samsxmelo nawiburi
~ lots v kenWisyra,wilisyra
~ a magic gaTvalva,monusxva
~ on(cf sew in) v daduRebiT SekeTeba,
liTonis Cakereba
priestly ~ sasuliero pirTa/qurumTa
kasta
casted adj Camosxmuli
~ in one piece(see casting)mTlianadsxmuli
caster n Camomsxmeli
castigate v gakritikeba=ukmayofileba
casting n ger sxmuli,detali,Camosxma
~ house samsxmelo saxelosno
~ mould
~
yalibi
~ net faceri
one piece ~ mTlianadsxmuli
~ remains nadnobis narCeni
shaped ~ mxatvruli Camosxma
~ vote gadamwyveti xma arCevnebSi
castle n cixe,saxizari
castelum/casteli n sing/pl Lat. cixe(simagre)
castrate(d) v adj dasaWuriseba/dasaWurisebuli,dakodva/dakodili
casual adj droebiTi,yoveldRiuri,SemTxveviTi,Cveuli,zerele,zedapiruli
~glance Tvalis Gadavleba/Sevleba
catalogize v aRwera,daxarisxeba,daxasiaTeba
catalogue n v katalogi ; aRwera,katalogis Sedgena
cataphract n abjari, makedonelis cxeno-
sani jari
catapult n filakvani,Surduli
cataract n Woromi
catarsis n kaTarzisi
catartic adj kaTarzisuli
catch n v nanadirevi; daWera vinmesi/
ramisa
~ up v daweva(daewio vinmes/rasme)
~ plate n damWeri firfita(mag.sarkisa)
catechism n Gr. katexizmo
categorize v gansazRvra,daxarisxeba
cater for sb v vinmes momarageba
cathedral n mRvdelmTavris sataxto,sakaTedro taZari,kaTedrali
Catholikos n adj kaTalikosi=kaTolikosi,sakaTalikoso
catkin n Txilis/kaklis yvavili
catnip n adj katabalaxa=katis pitna, Nepeta Cataria Lat.
cattle n pl only naxiri,saqoneli
~ barn/house n boseli
~ breeding mesaqonleoba=menaxireoba
diary ~ mewveli saqoneli
~ farmer n mesaqonle
~ man n mesaqonle=mecxovele
~ run n saZovari
~ track n saqonlis gadasareki gza
Caucasian adj kavkasieli,kavkasiuri
~ Iberian Kingdom qarTlis samefo
~ coat Coxa
~ goat jixvi
~ milk
mawoni
Caucasoid (the) n kavkasieli=kavkasoidi
cauldron n samfexa,ramdenime yuriani qvabi
caulicole n ylorti kapitelze(ornam)
cauliculis/cauliculi n Lat. totisebri ornamenti
caulk(ed) v adj dagmanva/dagmanuli,dagozva/dagozili
caulking crown
gmani
~ iron
siqa
cause n v sababi,mizani,mizezi;gamowveva
ramis
give ~ v mizezis micema
without ~ adv umizezod
causeway n riyis qvis qvafenili
caution n v sifrTxile,windaxeduloba
with ~ adv sifrTxiliT,windaxedulad
cautious(ly) adj adv windaxeduli,windaxedulad
39
cavalry(the) n mxedroba,mxedrioni,cxenosani jari=kavaleria (pl verb)
~ man/soldier cxenosani meomari
cave n gamoqvabuli,exi,karstuli mRvime, miwisqveSeTi
~ city n kldeSi nakveTi qalaqi
cavern n gamoqvabuli
cavetto n foso,Rrmuli
cavity n gamoqvabuli,siRrue,foso,Rrmuli,CaRrmaveba
cease v gaqroba,Sekveca,Sewyveta
~ to be important mniSvnelobis/saWiroebis dakargva
~ to exist arsebobis Sewyveta
~ to function
moqmedebis Sewyveta
ceased adj Sewyvetili
ceaseless(ly) adj adv daudgromeli,usasrulo,uwyveti/uwyvetad
caesar n keisari
cedar n adj kedari/kedris
cede(see cession) v omis Sedegad uaris
Tqma miwaze/uflebaze sxva qveynis
sasargeblod
ceiling n Weri,samalavi
~ arch Weris rkali
inner ~ saxuravis/weris Sida mxare
interstorey ~ sarTulebSorisi gadaxurva
pillared ~ svetebze dayrdnobili Weri
celandine=Nepata Cataria Lat. n adj kataba
laxa(si) (mc)
celebrate(ion) v n dResaswaulis aRniSvna=dResaswauloba;saeklesio samsaxuri=ritualis Sesruleba,zeimi,dResaswauli
celebrated adj brwyinvale,gamoCenili,saxelganTqmuli,saxelmoxveWili
celebrity n brwyinvaleba,didsulovneba
~(prime writer) didi mwerali(mag."SoTa,
ilia,akaki,vaJa da galaktioni")
celential adj is,rac saukuneSi erTxel
xdeba
celery=Apium graveolens (Lat) n adj niaxuri(s)
~ cabbage=Brassica pekinensis (Lat) n adj
Cinuri kombosto(si)
celestial adj (ze)ciuri,zecier(n)i
alignment of ~ bodies ciur sxeulTa ganlageba
celibacy(see vow) n ucolobis/qalwulobis aRTqma
celibate adj uxrwneli
cell n senaki=kelia,sakani
~like hut senakisebri qoxi
~plan building senakisebri gegma(reba)nnn
cella/cellae n sing/pl Lat. cela=sakulto
darbazi
cellar n sakuWnao,sardafi
wine ~ Rvinis
~
cellarer n eklesiis mekuWnave,meRvineTuxucesi, WaSnagiri
celt n satexe (qvis)
cement n adj v cementi(s),saduRabe
xsnariT Semtkiceba=dacementeba
cementation n rkinis damuSaveba naxSirbadiT
cementing adj mWide=mWidi,Semkvreli
cemetery n samarovani,sasaflao
common/ordinary ~ rigiTi samarovani
extramural ~ samarovani soflis/qalaqis
miRma
multy-layer(ed) ~ mravalfeniani ~
multy-stage ~ mravaliarusiani ~
single ~ samarxi,romelic ar ukavSirarcerT samarovans=ganmartoebuli
cenotapium/cenotapi n sing/pl Lat. kenotafi
censer n sasakmevle,sacecxluri
censor n cenzori
census n v nusxa, aRnusxva,mosaxleobis aRwera
centaury n adj RiRilo(si)
Centaurus/Centauri = centaur n sing/pl Lat.
cxenkaci=kentavri
center v adv gaerTianeba,Tavmoyra,
centriT(sadme), (AmE n centri)
~around v gaerTianeba ramis garSemo
nerve ~ mTavari centri(sakiTxis,dasaxlebis,Zeglis)
~ upon sth v yuradRebis gamaxvileba
raime monacemze/faqtze
centered adj dmkvidrebuli,Tavmoyrili
~ around sth gaerTianebuli raRacis
garSemo
centering adv centriT.., n qargili
central adj mTavari,sakvanZo,umTavresi
Sua(Si),centraluri
~character mTavari gmiri
centralize(d) v adj gaerTiaeba/gaerTianebuli,Tavmiyra/Tavmoyrili,centralizacia/centralizebuli
centralizing adj gamaerTianebeli
centric n centristi
centre(see center) n BrE kera ramis,Sua-
40
Casaxvis adgili,centri
~ of empire metropolia
manufacturing ~ mwarmoebeli
centuria n centuria
centurion n centurioni
century=c saukune
advent of the ~ saukunis dadgoma
before the close of the ~ saukunis dasasruliswina periodi
beginning of the ~ saukunis dasawyisi
between the turn of the centuries saukuneTa mijnaze
by the beginning of N century saukunis
dasawyisisTvis
~ downed saukune dgeboda/dadga
~ drew to close ~ ileoda...…
~ progressed
~ gadioda/midioda..,
saukunis ganmavlobaSi
~ turned to the ~ saukunes mohyva
~
early ~ saukunis dasawyisi=adreuli
wlebi
end/fall of the ~ saukunis bolo/dasasruli
first=1st half/part of the ~ saukunis I
naხევარი
first=1st quarter of the ~ saukunis I meoTxedi
fourth=4th ~ ~ ~ ~ IV ~ ~
in the course of the ~ saukunis ganmavlobaSi
late ~ saukunis gviani wlebi
later/second(2nd) half/part of the ~ saukunis II naxevari
mid ~ saukunis Sua xanebi
scant ~ arasruli saukune
second=2nd quarter of the ~ saukunis
II მეოთხედი
sth enjoyed lifespan of many centuries- raRacam iarseba mraval saukunes
straddling centuries momijnave saukuneebi(mag.III da II aTaswleulebis)
tail end of ~ saukunis miwuruli
the mold of ~ / time saukunis/drois
mtveri
the turn of the ~ saukunis damdegi
third=3rd quarter of the ~ saukunis III
meოთხედი
two middle quarters of the ~ saukunis
Sua ori meoTxedi
with the advent/onset of the ~ saukunis
dadgomisas(dadgomisTanave,dadgomasTan erTad
within the overall range of centuries saukuneTa ganmavlobaSi
ceramic adj keramikis,keramikuli
~ paste n adj keramikuli masa/masis
~ powder n adj
~
fxvnili(s)
~ product
~
nawarmi
~ production keramikis/keramikuli warmoeba
ceramics(see container,pottery,vessel,ware)
n pl keramika
ceramist n keramikosi
Ceramyon n xelTuqmneli xati
cereal n sakvebad vargisi romelime
marcvleuli
~ crops marcvleulis mosavali
cereals n pl marcvlovnebi
cerecloth n micvalebulis samosi
cerements(see grave) n adj sudara/sudaris
ceremonial n adj ceremoniali; saritualo=saceremonio=saweso
~ cover saceremonio gadasafarebeli
ceremony n RonisZieba,ceremoniali
perform a ~ ceremonialis aRsruleba/Catareba
certain… rig(i) n adj vinme/rame gansazRvruli
(a~)
adj garkveuli vinme/rame
in ~ ways garkveulwilad
sb is certain viRac Tanaxmaa…
sth is ~ (raRac) naTelia(namdvilia,
adgenilia)
certainly adv aucileblad,danamdvilebiT,marTlac,namdvilad
certify v pasportizacia
cerussite n adj cerusiti=naxSitJangiani
tyvia(liToni)
cession(see cede) n uaris Tqma miwaze/uflebaze sxva qveynis sasargeblod
cesspipe n sawreti mili
cesspit n daxuruli kanalizacia
cesspool n nagvis ormo
chad n adj xreSi(s)
chaff n adj bze/bzis,Cala/Calis,Cenჩო(სი)
~faced/tempered adj bzenarevi
~
~ mud n adj bzenarevi alizi
shed of ~ sabZeli
chain n adj Zewkvi(s),jaWvi(s)
chain-mail n jaWvis perangi
chains n pl usu. xelborkili
chair n v skami, kaTedra universi-
41
tetSi; Tavmjdomareoba
~ man/person n Tavmjdomare
sedan ~ xeliT satarebeli sazidari adamianis gadasayvanad
chairmanship n Tavmjdomareoba
chalcedon(y) n adj qalcedoni(s)
chalcum=chalci n adj qalki(s)
chalice n barZimi,pinaki,fiala,jamfila
chaliceform n fialisebri,jamisebri
chalk n adj carci(s)
~ paper n adj carcis qaRaldi(s)
chalky adj carciani,carcis
challenge n v gamowveva,daeWveba,uaryofa,
SewinaaRmdegeba,moTxovna,acilebis micema,ukan gawveva
issue/pose ~ v gamoiwvio vinme,sakiTxdayeneba/wamoWra,sirTulis
gamowveva/warmoSoba
challengeable adj saeWvo,eWvis gamomwvevi,
sadao
challenger n gamomwvevi vinme ramis,predendenti
chamber n adj darbazi,dasakrZalavi saani,saTavsi,senaki; kameruli; palata
accessory(ancillary,subsidiary) ~ damxmare saTavsi
blind ~ ufanjro saTavsi
funerary ~ dasakrZalavi darbazi
multiply ~ (d) didisivrce datixruli
saTavsebad
chamberlain n mesawole/mefsalmune beri
chamomile n adj veluri gvirila/gvirilis,ZaRlis qinZa Matricaria spp.Lat
~ n adj iraga,kamania, Anthemis spp.Lat
champer n dacereba,nazoli
championship(see tournament) n pirveloba
=Sejibri
chance n adj SemTxveviToba/SemTxveviTi,
SesaZlebloba,Sansi
a ~ find SemTxveviTi napovni
by ~ adv SemTxveviT
lucky ~ bednieri SemTxveva
chancel n kankeli
chancellery n kancelaria
chancellor n kancleri
chandelier n qorkandeli,WaRi
change n v cvlileba,xurda(vaWrobisas);
gadakeTeba gamocvla,Secvla
~ into v gardaqmna/qceva vinmed/ramed
thoroughgoing ~ sruli/yovlismomcveli
cvlileba
undergo ~ ganicada cvlileba ramem
changeable adj sacvleli(is,risi gacvlac SeiZleba),cvalebadi
changed adj Secvlili
changes n pl Zvrebi=cvlilebebi
channel(see canal) n v bunebrivi arxi,sru
te; daRarva
draining ~ sawreti arxi
~off v dawreta Raris saSualebiT
chanelled adj daRaruli,sadinarebiani,Ra
riani
~building Senobis saZirkvelSi qvebi rigebadaa Cawyobili da qmnis arxebs
chant( see anthem,gradual,hymn) n himni
chap(ed) n v adj bzari liTonze; dabzarva/dabzaruli
chape n liTonis qarqaSi
chapel n karis eklesia,samlocvelo
~ side n egvteri=ekvderi
chaplain n kapelani
chapter n Tavi wignSi,kaTedrali,cxovrebis rTuli periodi
~ and verse of sth (ambis) wvrilmanebi
~ house n aTedkrali=sakaTedro
ტaძარი; სახლი,სადაც ყველა
მღვდელი იკრიბება
~ lands samonastro miwebi
~ of accidents ubedurebaTa wyeba
cxovrebaSi
char(ed) v adj danaxSireba/danaxSirebuli
character n xasiaTi/saxe; nawarmoebis
gmiri=personaJi,rekomendacia
samsaxurSi miRebisas,forma
basic ~ sawyisi/ZiriTadi saxe/forma
central ~ mTavari gmiri nawarmoebis
different ~ gansxvavebuli/sxvadasxva
xasiaTis
mass ~ bevri=masobrivi xasiaTis
take upon the ~ xasiaTis miReba=roca
raRac Rebulobs raRac xasiaTs
characteristic adj damaxasiaTebeli
~ feature ~ niSani
characteristically adv aRsaniSnavia/damaxasiaTebelia, rom…
characterize v daxasiaTeba
characterized adj daxasiaTebuli
~ by sth raRac xasiaTdeba raRaciT/damaxasiaTebelia raRacisTvis
charcoal n adj naxSiri(s)
~ burner n menaxSire
42
chare n biliki
Charentia(n) n adj musties qveperiodi=neandertalelis epoqa
charge n adj v movaleoba=tvirTi,Tavdasxma,fasiani; datvirTva/CatvirTva
free of ~ ufaso
in ~ of sth xelmZRvaneli ramis
sb in ~pasuxismgebeli/xelmZRvaneli
charging police dacvis policia
chariot(see etli) n etli
ride up ~ etlis marTva
charioteer n (meomari )meetle
chariotry n etlis/urmis keTebis xelovneba
charisma(tic) n adj qarizma(tuli)
charitable adj saqvelmoqmedo
charity n gulmowyaleba,TavSesafari,
qvelmoqmedeba
charm n v andamati,momxibvleloba,xibli; monusxva,moxibvla,Selocva
charms n no pl jado
charnel house n dasakrZalavi adgili/nageboba,akldama,saxli sakrZalavi
charred adj danaxSirebuli
chart n v monacemi, datana rukaze
chase n v naribandi=narimandi; narimandis amoReba/amokveTa,liTonze kveTa
waRma piridan
chased adj Rariani
chasing ger kveTa,mqandakebloba(qvis,xis,
liTonis)
~ chisel narimandis amosaRebi satexe
chasm n ganxeTqileba; napali niadagSi,
ufskruli,wyvetili,gamotovebuli adgili teqstSi
chaste adj uornamento; umwikvlo=uxrweli=qalwuli
~ taste mdare gemovneba
chastely adv uxrwnelad
chasuble n iesos kvarTi,saeklesio samosi=kvarTi,omfori
cheap adj iaf(fasian),martivi,ubralo
cheaves n pl Zna
check n v niSnuli,aRniSvna=miTiTeba,
Semowmeba,Segueba
~ list n sainventaro wigni
checked adj Semowmebuli
cheek n loya,Rawvi
~ bone n yvrimali
~ lace n qalis saybeuri=samkauli
~ piece/shaffles n cxenis saybeuri
cheese n adj yveli(s)
chemist n afTiaqari
chenopod(see goosefoot),Chenopodium Lat.
n adj xvarTqla(mc)
chequered adj Wadrakuli,kubokruli
~ plan
~
gegmareba
cherished adj naloliavebi(ocneba/miswrafeba)
chert n adj kaJis anatkeci; kaJiani kirqva/kirqvis,qarsi(s)
cherub n qerubimi=qerubini
chervil n adj niaxuri(s)/veluri oxraxuSi(s), Anthriscus cerefolium
chess n adj Wadraki,Wadrakuli
~ plan Wadrakuli gegmareba
~ board n Wadrakis dafa
chest n zanduki,mkerdi,skivri
chestnut n adj wabli(s)
chevril n adj niaxuri(s),veluri oxraxuSi(s), Anthriscuscerefolium Lat.
chiarocruso n kontrasti,SuqCrdili
chicory n adj vardkaWaWa(si), Chichorium
Intybus Lat.
chief adj mTavari,wamyvani
~ designer ~ konstruqtori
~ priest mRvdelmTavari
chiefdom n beladi/beladoba
chiefly adv gansakuTrebiT,umeteswilad,
ZiriTadad
chieftain n tomis beladi
child n bavSvi
~ birth n Svilosnoba,mSobiaroba
in ~ ~ adv mSobiarobisas
chil(ing) v ger gacieba
chime n v zaris JRera/rekva
chimney n sakvamuri
chin n nikapi
chink n bzari kldeze.qvaze
chip n v anamtvrevi,nafoti; amtvreva,
afcqvna,wamtvreva,watexa,anatkeci,nafoti
~over v garSemo Semomtvreva
chipmunk=Tamias gen. Lat. n zoliani ciyvi
chipped adj anamtvrevi,afcqvnili,namtvre
vi,Camotexili,wamtvreuli,watexili
chipping n ger qvis namtvrevi, mtvreva
chisel n v satexe,saWrisi,saWreTeli; amo
Tla,gamoxarateba
claw ~ brWyalisebri satexe
convex ~ amoRarulpiriani satexe/saWrisi
chiseled adj amoTlili,gamoxaratebuli
43
chisel-top n saWrisis Tavi/wveri
chiton n qitoni
chlamys n qlamida
chock n (sayrdeni) boZi
choice(see choose) n arCevani
choir n eklesiis mgalobelTa gundi,qoro
choose(see choice) v amorCeva,arCeva,SerCeva
~ for sth upiratesobis miniWeba raRacis gamo
chop(ed) v adj (da)poba/pobili,(da)Cexva/
Cexili,damtvreuli,naCexi
chopper n danawalda, safxeki
chorea/choreae n sing/pl Lat. ferxuli
chorister n eklesiis mgalobeli
chorus n momReralTa(saero) gundi
chosen adj amorCeuli,narCevi,SerCeuli
chous/choes n sing/pl Gr. sawyao WurWeli
chrism n eresi,qrizma
chrisma n adj mironi(s)
consecrate the ~ mironis kurTxeva
sth yielding ~
mironmdinare
chrismarium/chrismarii n sing/pl Lat. wmindanawilebis Sesanaxi WurWeli
Christ(see Shroud) n qriste
Christ the Savior(see God,Jesus) macxovari
christen(ed) v adj monaTvla,saxelis dana
Tvla,monaTluli
Christendom n saqristiano
christener n mnaTlavi,naTlismcemeli
christening ger adj naTlisReba=naTloba=
naTvla; sanaTlavi
Christian adj qristiani,qristianuli
pre ~ adj winareqristianuli
Christianity n qristianoba
convert to ~ qristianad მოქცევა=გაქრისtianeba
founder of ~ qristianobis damdgeni=
oficialur religiad gamomcxadebeli
Christianize(d) v adj qristianad moqceva=
gaqristianeba; gaqristianebuli
Christmas=Xmas n adj qristeSoba=Soba;
saSobao
Christmastide n Sobis kvira
chronicle(d) n v adj 1 wlis matiane; JamTaaRwera/aRwerili,aRnusxva/aRNusxuli,aRwera/aRwerili
chronicler n mematiane,JamTaaRmwereli
chronicles n pl matiane
Chronicon n qoronikoni
chronography n qronografia
chronological adj qronologiuri
~anchor amosavali/sawyisi TariRi
~coverage qronologiuri sazRvrebi
~ margin
~
zRvari
~ scope
~
CarCo
~ sequence
~
Tanmimdevroba
~studies qronologiuri kvlevebi
~ table
~ cxrili
from ~ point of view/standpoint ~
TvalsazrisiT
chronology(see date/dating) n welTaRricxva,qronologia
absolute ~ absoluturi qronologia
fixed ~ dadgenili/ucvleli TariRi
loose ~ arazusti/gaurkveveli ~
low ~ adreuli/qveda
~
pivotal for ~ amosavali
~
relative ~ SedarebiTi
~
within the ~ arsebuli qronologiis
CarCoebSi
chronometry n qronometria
chryselephantine adj raime Semkuli spilos ZvliTa da oqroTi
church(see ecclesia) n eklesia,taZari
apsed ~ absidiani eklesia
aisles vaulted=a single nave hall ~ =
kuppelhalle (Germ) darbazuli ~
~
~ ~ with side annexes ~ ~
gverdiTi minaSenebiT
central cupola/dome plane ~ centralurgumbaTovani ~
~
~
~ cruciform ~ centralur
jvargumbaTovani ~
central-roofed ~ centralursaxuraviani ~
court ~ karis eklesia
cross isle eklesiis ganivi navi=nefi=
transepti
cross-shaped ~ jvris formis ~
cross-in-square ~ kvadratSi Cawerili
jvris formis ~
domed ~
gumbaTovani ~
disused ~
umoqmedo ~
domeless ~ ugumbaTo ~
emergent ~ axladdamoukideblobamiRebuli ~
~hall ~ darbazuli ~
~monastery ~ monastris ~
~ of an "inserted Cross" type Caxazuli
jvris formis~
44
~segmented by transepts ~ transeptebiT
danawevrebuli darbaziT
single-nave ~ erTnaviani salocavi
three-church ecclesia ~ sameklesiani ~
traverse-nave type ~ ganiv-nefiani(n-s) ~
twin-apse ~ wyvilafsidiani ~
two-domed ~
orgumbaTiani ~
~ with extending/perched out apse Sverilabsidiani ~
~ with faceted apse waxnagovanafsidiani
~ ~ a projecting apse Sverilafsidiani
church adj eklesiis,saeklesio,sasuliero,sataZro
~cap v gumbaTis dadgma/dagvirgvineba
~compound eklesiis teritoria
~ curtain
~
oqsino
~ dome
~
gumbaTi
~embellish v eklesiis moxatva
~ Feast puroba eklesiaSi
~narthex eklesiis narTeqsi
~pllar v sveti eklesiaSi
~ porch=episthodomos n Gr. eklesiis
karibWe
~side-chamber n eklesiis minaSeni
~ tower n samreklo
~ yard=courtyard n eklesiis ezo
churchwarden n eklesiis mamasaxlisi
churn n v sadRvebeli,sawveleli(WurWeli; dRveba
barrel ~ kasrisebri/mbrunavi sadRvebeli
chute n Rari,kazmis Casayreli xvreli
chuted adj Rariani
ciborum/ciboria n sing/pl Lat. gadasatani
wile,dasakrZalavi baldaqini
ciborum/ciboria=ciboriae n sing/pl Gr. kiborumi
cidevant adj yofili
cilanto n adj qinZi(s),Coriandrum sativum
Lat.
Cinamon=Cinnamonum ge. Lat. n adj dariCini(s)
cinder n adj nacari/nacris
cinders n pl wida
cinerary vase/urn n ferflis Casayreli
WurWeli
cinerator n sakremacio Rumeli
cinnabar n adj wiTeli singuri(s)
cinnamon=Cinnamomum gen. n adj dariCini(s)
circle n iarusi,rkali,wrexazi,wre=sazogadoeba
conjoint ~ Sekruli wre
crossbow ~ gadajvaredinebuli rkali
downward open ~ qveviT gaxsnili
~
~ open on the left
marcxniv ~
~
~ open on the right marjvniv ~
~
recessed ~ amoRaruli/CaWdeuli ~
upward open ~
zeviT gaxsnili
~
circuit n v garSemoweriloba,garsSemovla
in ~
adv wriulad
circular adj rkalisebri,wriuli
circulate v brunva,mimoqceva,triali
circulation n brunva,mimoqceva,triali
put into ~ brunvaSi/mimoqcevaSi gaSveba
withdrow from ~ brunvidan amoReba
circumcise(ion) v n winadacveTa
circumference n garSemoweriloba
around ~ garSemo
in ~ adv garSemowerilobiT
Circumpontic SavizrvispireTi/garSemo
circumscribed adj (garSe)moxazuli,SemosazRvruli/Semokavebuli
circumstances n pl usu. garemoebani,viTareba,mdgomareoba,pirobebi,mdebareoba
in mysterious ~ gaurkvevel viTarebaSi
in no ~
araviTar SemTxvevaSi
~ of discovery=the find ~ of sth aRmoCenis pirobebi
circumstantial adj araarsebiTi
circumvent n v gadaxra; gadaxveva gzaze/
gzidan
cire perdue technique cvilis modelis dakargvis wesiT Camosxma
cis…
amier/gadmoRma(saqarTveloSi
myofisTvis)
Ciscaucasia/Caucasus (see Trans..) n amierkavkasia(saqarTvelosTvis qedis
gadmoRma)
cist (grave) n qvayuTi,qvevrsamarxi, cista
cistern n avzi
citadel n Sida cixe, cixe-simagre
citara/citarae n sing/pl Lat. kiTara
citation n amonaridi=citata
cite v dasaxeleba,CamoTvla,xseneba
~ example/instance magaliTis moyvana/
moSvelieba
cited adj naxsenebi,CamonaTvali
citizen(see town) n moqalaqe,romelime
qveynis qveSevrdomi
citizenship n moqalaqeoba
take ~ v moqalaqeobis miReba
city(see town) n adj qalaqi(s),saqalaqo,
qalaquri
45
mofena rameze
clarity n garkveuloba,simkveTre,sinaTle
clairvoyant n naTelmxilveli
clandestine(ly) adj adv iatakqveS(a),faruli,saidumlo,ukanono
clash n v brZola,Setakeba
clasp n abzindi.kauWi,mkerdsakinZi
class n adj sazogadoebis fena-=klasi;
klasobrivi
v dayofa,klasifikacia
~ distinction klasobrivi gansxvaveba
classical adj klasikuri
~ influenced klasikuri(s) gavleniT
classification n daxarisxeba,klasifikacia
classified adj daxarisxebuli,klasificirebuli
classify v daxarisxeba,klasificireba
~ sth as sth daarqva raRacas raRaca
~ under types tipebad dayofa
classless adj uklaso
clastrine n nivTebi jgufebad
clatch sth v xelSi Wera,xelis Cavleba
claustra(see openwork) adj Wviruli
claw n brWyali,dezi,saceci
~ shaped adj brWyalis/dezisebri
clay n v adj Tixa/Tixis,WurWlis keci,
keramikuli masa,aliziT/TixiT Selesva
adobe(lean,loam,poor) ~ mWle Tixa
alluvial ~ danaleqi ~
badly worked ~ cudad ganleqili ~
baked/fired ~ gamomwvari ~
chaff-faced/tempered ~ bzenarevi ~
~ fill n v TixiT Sevseba.Tixis Semavsebeli
brick(loam,pug) ~ saagure ~
brown ~ adj wablisferkeciani
burnt/overburnt ~ damwvari ~
china/porcelain ~ TeTri ~ =faifuri
coarse grain/granular ~ msxvilmarcvlovani ~
covered with ~ TixiT Selesili
fine grain/granular ~ wmindamarcvlovani~
fire ~ cecxlgamZle ~
foundry ~ sayalibe ~
friable ~ fxvieri ~
fuller's earth n matylis mosaTeli ~
glazed ~ n dj qaSanuri(s)
grinded/levigated ~ ganleqili Tixa
hard grain/granular ~ mkvrivmarcvlovani~
~ground surface Tixatkepnili,Tixiani,Tixis zedapiri
coastal ~ sanapiro(zRvis) qalaqi
edge of a ~ qalaqis ganapira nawili
emergence of the ~ qalaquri დასახლეBbis gaCena
full fledged ~ Camoyalibebuli ~
~lord qalaqis Tavi
lower ~ qvemo qalaqi
major/principal ~ mTavari ~
mother ~
pirvelqalaqi
parent ~ mSobliuri ~
upper ~ zemo
~
~ derived its name from… qalaqs saxeli
daerqva...…
~ gate qalaqis karibWe/WiSkari
~ sit qalaqi,qalaquri tipis dasaxleba
~ state qalaqi-saxelmwifo
~ style qalaquri stili
~ of worship qalaqi-taZari
cis… pref. (saqarTvelodan)gadaRma,piriqiTa
civic adj moqalaqeobrivi,samoqalaqo
civil adj samoqalaqo
~ architecture saero xuroTmoZRvreba
~ servant saxelmwifo moxele
~ strife samoqalaqo uTanxmoeba,Sexla-Semoxla
~ war
samoqalaqo omi
civilian n adj moqalaqe/samoqalaqo piri;
samoqalaqo
Clactonian adj paleoliTis qvis industria=musties periodi
clad adj Semosili
~ in…
Seferva ferebad
claim n v gancxadeba=mtkicebuleba,moTx
ovna,Tqma,daCemeba,pretenzia
claimant n uflebis mqone vinme
(it is) claimed that… gadmocemis Tanaxmad..
clamorous adj gadaudebeli
clamp n liTonis sakerveli, samSeneblo detalebis Tarazuli samagri
clan n adj sagvareulo,gvari
~ aristocracy/nobility gvaris didebulni
~ descendant
~
Camomavali
~ leader
~
beladi
~ vault
~
akldama
clang v rekva
clarification n axsna,ganmarteba
clarified adj axsnili,ganmartebuli,
garkveuli
sth needs to be ~ raRac saWiroebs
clarify v axsna/ganmarteba ramis,naTelis
46
in ~ adj adv Tixis,TixiT
kneaded/pugged ~ mozelili ~
levigated ~ ganleqili ~
limed ~ kiriani ~
~lined TixiT Selesili
loam ~ cximovani ~
medium worked ~ saSualod ganleqili
modeled ~ = ~ for modeling saZerwi ~
~modelling tools Tixis mosamzadebeli/saZerwi xelsawyoebi
~ nail Tixis lursmani
packed ~ natkepni ~
poorly baked/fired cudad gamomwvari ~
porous ~ forebiani ~
rouch/rough ~ mqise/uxeSi ~
secluded/well-worked ~ kargad ganleqi
li ~
shall n adj fiqali,fiqlis ~
soft ~ rbili ~
straw-tempered ~ bzenarevi ~
tenacious ~ webovani ~
tight ~ mkvrivi ~
tought ~ blanti ~
unbaked ~ gamouwvavi ~
~ for pottering=pottery ~ sameTuneo ~
waterproofing ~ wyalgaumtari ~
~ with dashes(impurities,inclusions,insertions) minarevebiani ~
~ ~ lime inclusions kiris minarevebiani ~
~ ~ quartz ~
kaJis ~
~
~ ~ sand ~
qviSis ~
~
~ ~ wheelmarks
keci Carxis kvaliT
clay adj Tixis,keramikuli
~ ball/lump Tixis
gunda
~ cistern n qvevri
~ emulsion Tixis emulsia
~ fork
~
orTiTi
~ mixer
~
sarevi
~ mortar
~
xsnari
~ oven
~
Tone
clay-coat(ed) v adj TixiT Selesva/Selesili
clay-lined adj TixiT amogebuli/molesili
clayed adj aliziT Selesili,Tixalesili
clayey adj Tixiani,Tixovani
~ soil Tixnari(s)
clean adj v sufTa; gasufTaveba,gawmenda,
moSoreba,mocileba,mocla
~ out/up v mosufTaveba
cleanliness/cleanness n sisufTave
cleansable adj is,risi gawmendac SeiZleba
cleanse v (ga)(n)wmenda=ganbanva
cleansing adj ger gansabaneli; ganbanva
ethnic ~ eTnikuri wmenda
clear adj aSkara,garkveuli,TvalnaTlivi,
mkafio,naTeli,dadgenili,uRrublo
~ beyond question ueWveli(a), kiTxvas
ar badebs
~cut mkveTrad gamoxatuli/gamokveTili
~ land axo
~ line
gamyofi xazi
~ mind(ed) mkafio azrovneba,gonebanaTeli
not ~ auxsneli,bundovani,gaurkveveli
~ pattern mkafio nimuSi
clearance n naprali, RreCo
clear(ed)(ing) v adj n tyis gaCexva; gaCexili; nakafi (buCqnari,tye)
~ away v gamogva,gamoxveta
~ up
v garkveva,dadgena
clearest adj aSkara
~ indication of sth aSkara dasturi…
clearly adv aSkarad,TvalnaTliv,garkveviT,mkafiod,mkveTrad,naTlad,Riad
~ fitted assumption mkafiod Camoyalibebuli/misadagebuli azri
~ of all aSkarad
~ read mkafiod/naTlad ikiTxeba
sth is ~ seen TvalnaTliv Cans
~ stated mkafiod Camoyalibebuli
cleat n adj Tamasa/Tamasis,lartya/lartyis
cleave v gapoba
cleaver n mTibavi, yasbis didi dana
~ Galium aparine n adj Lat. begiauri (mc)
cleft n adj bzari,naprali kldeSi; gapobili
clemency n gulmowyaleba,patimris Sewyaleba
clerestory n sarkmlebis zeda rigi taZar
Si
clergy n samRvdeloeba
~ rank sasuliero/samRvdelo
xarisxi
regular ~ Savi samRvdeloeba
secular ~ TeTri
~
clergyman n moZRvari,mRvdeli,mwyemsmTa-
47
vari,sasuliero piri,xucesi
clerk n moxele
clerus/cleri n sing/pl Lat. eklesiis krebuli
click n raza
client n damkveTi,myidveli
cliff n kbode,klde,xrami
towering ~ wvetiani klde
climate n hava,klimati
adverse ~ mavne/cudi ~
amelioration of the ~ havis gaumjobeseba
cold ~ civi ~
harsh ~ mkacri ~
hot ~ cxeli ~
mild ~ rbili ~
~spell
havis cvlileba
temperate ~ zomieri ~
climatic adj klimaturi
~conditions ~ pirobebi
~features ~ Taviseburebani,Tvisebebi
~instability ~ aramdgradoba
climax n daisi=dasasruli,dacemis xana
climb n v aRmarTi ;asvla,acoceba,aZvroma sadme
clink of light
aTinaTi
clinker n adj wida/widis, juRa
~ built erTmaneTze gadasuli(mag.kraმიti)
cloack n v mantia,mosasxami,dafarva
~with trees tyiT/xeebiT daburuli
~room gasaxdeli(mag.TeatrSi)
clock n kedlis/magidis saaTi
clockwise adj adv saaTis isris mimarTulebiT
like ~ saaTiviT zustad
clog(ed) v adj Caxergva,Caxergili
cloisonné n adj tixruli minanqari/minanqris
cloister n TaRnari/svetnari,monasteri
~ vault monastris kamara/konqi
close v adj adv amoqolva,daketva,daxSva,
daxurva,Caketva; axlo(s),mijriT(i),
daxSuli,mWidro(d),daxuruli,iqve,
siaxloveSi
~ identity didi msgavseba
in ~ order SemWidroebuli
~ parallelism axlo/mWidro msgavseba
~ fitting mWidrod=uZravad,morgebulad,
mWirxned
~ in style to sth stiliT axlos ramesTan
~ to adv gverdze,gverdiT,iqve,axlos
~ up v amolesva
very ~ Zalian axlos, mWirxned
closely adv mWidrod
~ related monaTesave,mWidrod dakavSirebuli
~ resembles/resembling axlos dgas,gavs,
mogvagonebs…
closeness n siaxlove
closest adj uaxloesi
closing adj damaboloebeli,Camketi
~ date=deadline bolo vada ramis
~ stage bolo safexuri,xanis dasasruli
~ wall Camketi kedeli
closure n v saketi/urduli, kamaTis
Sewyveta
clot(ed) v adj Secxoba,Secxobili/Semcxvari
cloth n adj naWeri/naWris,qsovili(s),maudi(s),tilo(si)
clothe(d) a adj Semosva/Semosili,Seferva/
Seferili
clothes n pl (tani)samosi,tansacmeli
fitted tightly at the waist welSi gamoyvanili
smart ~ mdidruli tansacmeli
succinct(tight,fitted tightly,skin tight) tanze
momdgari,viwro
clothing n (samefo)samosi, Sesamoseli
folds of ~ tansacmlis kalTebi
~with billowing drapery samosi talRisebri nakecebiT
cloud(ed)(y) n v adj Rrubeli; RrubliT
dafarva; moRrubluli,Rrubliani
~ by burusiT mosili
clove n adj mixaki (sakmazi)
cloveleaf=Matricaria Lat. n adj gzispirebis
gvirila(mc)
cloven-footed adj orCliqiani cxoveli
club n kombali,keti
clue n v gamocanis/saidumlos gasaRebi;
saidumlos amoxsna/gaxsna,mixvedra
clump n koromi
clumsily adv daudevrad,tlanqad,uSnod,
uxeSad
clumsiness n daudevroba,siuSnove,siuxeSe
clumsy adj daudevari,mouqneli,tlanqi,
uxeSi,uSno,maxinji
cluster n v jgufi, Tavmoyra
clustered adj Tavmoyrili,Sejgufuli
clustering=clusterty(see agglutinative) n ZiriTadi birTviT erTmaneTTan konstruqciulad dakavSirebuli sxva
48
nagebobebi
clutter n areuloba,uwesrigoba
cnemide n knemida
co… pref. Tana…
~ author(ship) n Tanaavtori,Tanaavtoroba
~ capital n Tanadedaqalaqi
~ chair n TanaTavmjdomare
~ current adj Tanmxlebi
~ ~ circumstances ~ viTareba
~ director n Tanadireqtori
~ exist(ance)(ent) v n adj Tanaarseboba,Tanaarsebuli
~ finance n v Tanadafinanseba
~mingling connection(s) urTierTkavSiri
~ operate(ion) v n TanamSromloba
~ ordinate(d)(ion) v adj n dakavSireba/da
kavSirebuli,mibma/mibmuli,SeTanxmeba/SeTanxmebuli,Sejereba/Sejerebuli
~ relate(ion) v n Tanxvedra
~ ruler n Tanamesaydre/mmarTveli
coach n etli
a ~ and four oTxcxena etli
coach-box n kofo
coaching inn n sastumro,qarvasla
coachman n meetle
coagulate(d)(ion) v adj n Secxoba/Secxobili
coal n adj naxSiri(s)
coarse adj gauTleli,uxeSi
~ hair adj uxeSmatyliani
coercion n Sekaveba,aRviris amodeba,SekumSva,Zalis gamoyeneba
coursing adj nagleji
coarsely adv uxeSad
coast n zRvis sanapiro/napiri
right on the ~ zed sanapiroze
coastal(see city) adj sanapiro
~ area n sanapiro
~ defence ~
dacva
~ line
~
zoli
~ shipping ~
naosnoba
~ strip
~
zoli
coastline n sanapiro zoli
coat n v baTqaSi,garsi,palto; mobaTqaSe
ba,Selesva,saxatav tiloze gruntis datana
~ of arms farze gamosaxuli Rerbi
~ of chain mail jaWvis perangi
first ~ grunti saxatav tiloze
coated adj molesili,Selesili
coating n ger baTqaSi.Selesiloba=fena;
dafarva,gadalesva
~ from burning cecxlSi namyofi=muriT
dafaruli
cob n Tixatkepnili
cobalt n adj kobalti(s)|
cobble together v Sekowiweba
cobbled adj mokirwyluli
~ way qvafenili (gza)
cobbler n mewaRe
cockle shell n adj moluskis niJara
cocoon n adj abreSumis parki(s)
code n v Zeglisdeba=kodeqsi,kodi=Sifri, daSifvra
~ breaking gaSifvra
coequal adj mociqulTa swori; toli=
swori
coffer n Fr. kesoni(ornamenti)
coffin n v kubo; kuboSi Casveneba
cog(ed) n adj kbilana; dakbiluli,kbile
biani
cogency n damajerebloba
cogent adj damajerebeli,udao
cogently adv damajereblad,udaod
cognate(with) adj sisxliT monaTesave,naTesavi
of ~ origin(roots,significance) saerTo
warmomavloba/warmomavlobis
~ tribesman/woman Tanatomeli
cognition n Semecneba/Segneba,goneba,codn
human ~ adamianis Semecneba
cognitive adj goni(Ti),SemecnebiT(i)
cognizance n Semecneba,Secnoba
cognizant adj Semmecnebeli,Semecnebis
unaris mqone
cognize v Semecneba,Secnoba
coherence n Tanmimdevruli kavSiri
coherent adj gamarTuli,gadabmuli,TanmimdevrobiTi,logikuri,mwyobri,saTanado,urTierTdakavSirebuli,logikuri,wyobili
~sequence/succession logikuri Tanmimdevroba
coherently adv Tanmimdevrulad
cohesion n Tanxmoba,Tanmimdevroba,
kavSiri
cohl-tube n wamwamebis saRebavis Sesanaxi WurWeli(the term was kindly offerred by Mr. I. Gagoshidze 2003)
cohort n kohorta
cohorts of sb auarebeli xalxi,kohortebi
coil(see collar) n v gorgali,rgoli,rkali
49
Semorkalva, yulfi
~ pendant n gvergvi,xatisuReli
coin (see money,name,term,word,heads) n
adj moneta/monetis
autonomous ~ avtonomiuri moneta
pseudo ~ ~ fsevdoavtonomiuri ~
bar/ingot ~ moneta-zodi
bent inwards ~ Cazneqili moneta
billon ~ xurda fuli
bracelet ~ samajuri-moneta
decorative ~ mxatvruli ~
~ domination/measurement monetis Rirebuleba
donative ~ miZRvnili/saxelobiTi moneta
full-value ~
srulfasovani ~
~ of high ~
maRali Rirebulebis ~
~ ~ small ~
dabali
~
~
~ heap/pile monetis raodenoba gansazRvruli wonis liTonisagan
imitative ~ minabaZi moneta
issue a ~
monetis gamoSveba
lituus/lituii n sing/pl Lat. monetis kide
memorial ~ samaxsovro moneta
~ metal
monetis liToni
~ mint technique ~
moWris teqnika
~ minter
~
mWreli=zarafi
~ minting
~
Wra
~ obverse
~
Subli=aversi
one-sided ~ calmxrivi moneta
pattern ~
dawunebuli ~
~ pile/reverse monetis zurgi=reversi
~ plane
~
wibo
radiate ~ moneta sxivana gvirgviniT
~ regalia
monetis regalia
royal ~
samefo moneta
small ~
wvrili fuli
suberative ~ suberatiuli moneta
trite ~ gacveTili ~
~type monetis tipi
votive ~ Sesawiri moneta
cion v Seqmna
~ a name(term/word) for sth saxelis
(terminis/sityvis) Seqmna ramisTvis,rac manmade ar iyo cnobili
an ar erqva amas, Tu imas
~ a word sityvis Seqmna
coin-stamping ger monetis kverva
coinage n
~
moWra
~place zarafxanis/moWris adgili
coined money fuli monetis saxiT
coiner n monetis mWreli=zarafi=meza-
rafxane
coincide v Tanxvedra,Sesatyvisoba/Sesaba
misoba,Sexameba,damTxveva
~ partially nawilobrivi Tanxvedra
~ with
damTxveva
coincidence n Tanxvedra,damTxveva,Sesabamisoba
coincident adj Tanxvedrili,damTxveuli,
Sesabamisi,Sesatyvisi
coinciding in meaning Tanxvedrili/igive
mniSvnelobiT
~ in time with sth Tanxvedrili droSi
colander n sawuri
cold(ly) adj adv civi,civad
collaborate(ion) v n erToblivi muSaoba,
TanamSromloba
in ~ with sb TanamSromlobiT
vinmesTan
collapse n v (da)ngreva/Cutva,mospoba,Cangreva/Camongreva,CamoSla,xelisuflebis damxoba,kolafsi
suffer ~ dangeva,dacema(qveynis)
collar(see coil) n gvergvi=xatisuReli,martuReli,sayelo samosis
collate(d) v adj Sejereba/Sejerebuli(mag.
monacemebis)
collateral adj meorexarisxovani
colleague n TanamSromeli,kolega
collect v masalis akrefa,samarxis alageba,mogroveba,Segroveba
collected adj nakrebi, Segrovili
~ funds Segrivili fuli,fondebi
~ works naSromTa krebuli
collection n gundi,krebuli,nakrebi,koleqcia,jgufi
~ of articles statiebis krebuli,katalogi(mag.gamofenis)
~ ~ Christian Hymns and Books(see Gradual)
gulani
~ ~ laws Zeglisdeba=kanonTa krebuli
collective adj koleqtiuri,erToblivi
~ leadership
~
mmarTveloba
collectively adv erToblivad,erTobliobaSi
collector n Semkrebi=koleqcioneri; Semkrebi=koleqtori
collegial adj kolegialuri
collegium n Lat. kolegia
collide v Sejaxeba
collier n meSaxte
collision n Sejaxeba,Sexvedra
colluvial adj aluviuri=danaleqi
colonnade(d) n adj svetnari=kolonada;
50
svetebiani
collonia/colloniae n sing/pl Lat. kolonia
colonize(ation) v n Casaxleba=kolonizacia
colonizing adj kolonizatoruli
colonnade(d) adj svetnari,svetebiani
colony n qalaqi-axalSeni,saTvistomo
colorwash v Semoglesva=Semogozva,SeReb
va
colossal adj uzarmazari,kolosaluri
colosseum n kolizeumi
colour/color(see coloured) n v feri,Seferva,(Se)Rebva
~alteration ferTa cvla
ashen adj ferflisferi
auburn adj
wiTuri
azure adj
firuzis ~
beige adj lega,Calis ~
bige-black adj Sav-lega
bichrome adj orferi
biscuit adj Ria wablisferi
black adj Savi,mura
black-on-white adj Savi(T) TeTrze
blacky adj moSavo
blae adj nacris/tyviis ~
blue adj lurji
blue-grey/dove ~ adj mtredis ~
bluish adj molurjo
bluish-black adj molurjo-moSavo
brick-red adj agurisferi
brown adj wablis/Taflisferi,mura
brownish adj mowablisfro
buff(see oriole) adj moyviTalo-wablis
feri,JRali,ruxi
burgundy adj Rvinisferi
~combination ferTa Sexameba
copper-coloured adj mowiTalo-Jangisferi
creamy adj kremis ~
creamy-white adj kremisferi-TeTri
crimson adj Jolos(Sindis,Zowis)feri
dark ~ adj muqi ~
~ blue/indigo adj muqi lurji
~ brown adj Taflis ~
deer adj wiTel-wablis ~
diverse ~ nairferi
drab adj WuWyis ~
dull ~ adj baci,mRvrie feri,uferuli
ecru adj baci wablis ~
fade ~ adj mkrTali ~
fawn adj Ria moyviTalo-wablis ~
flexen adj Calisferi,Ria yviTeli
golden adj oqros ~
goldish adj mooqrosfro,oqrosfrad
moelvare
gosling ~ adj baci mwvane
green/jade adj mwvane
greenish adj momwvano
grey adj nacrisferi,ruxi
grayish adj monacrisfro
hasel adj Ria wablis ~
intense ~ adj mkveTri ~
intensity of ~ feris simkveTre
intermediate ~ gardamavali ~
iron-grey adj foladis ~
ivory-white adj spilos Zvlis ~
light ~ adj baci ~
~ brown adj moTaflisfro
~ chestnut adj Calis ~
lilac adj iasamnis ~
light ~ adj moiasamnisfro
mat ~ adj mqrqali ~
~ white adj rZis ~
mauve adj alis ~
~ tone adj movardisfro-lilis ~
multiply ~ mravalferi,feradi
mustard-yellow adj mdogvis ~
orange adj narinjis ~
orange-on-buff adj aguris ~
oriole(see buff) adj JRali
pale ~ adj mkrTali/baci ~
~ blue adj mocisfro,cisferi
pink adj vardis ~
pinkish adj movardisfro
plum-red ~ adj wiTeli qliavis ~
purple adj mewamuli.Sindis/Zowis ~
purplish-brown ~ adj mowiTalo-wablis~
range of colors ferTa gama
raven ~ adj yornis ~
red adj wiTeli
red-black ~ adj wiTel-Savi ~
red on cream ~ adj wiTliT kremisferze
reddish adj mowiTalo
~ brown adj mowiTalo-mura
rosewood adj moyviTalo-mowiTalo
salient ~ adj kaSkaSa/naTeli ~
scarlet adj alis ~
silver(y) adj vercxlis~,movercxlisfro
sky-blue adj cis/laJvardis ~
slate adj molurjo-nacris ~
soft ~ adj baci/Tbili ~
steel-blue adj molurjo-foladis ~
tan adj brinjaos/wiTuri ~
terracotta adj agurisferi=terakota
51
varcxna; davarcxnili,dakawruli,
nakawri
combination n erToblioba,Serwyma
in ~ with sth Serwymuli ramesTan
combine v dakavSireba,damTxveva,Serwyma,
Sexameba
combined adj dakavSirebuli,erTdrouli
~ currently erTdrouli/Tanadrouli,damTxveva
~ with sb/sth dakavSirebuli vinmesTan/ramesTan
come v misvla,mosvla
~ across v SemTxveviT(i) Sexvedra/
wawydoma ramisa
~ back v ukan dabruneba
~ ~ to life v gacocxleba (bibl)
~ down v qveviT/Zirs Casvla,danebeba, iaraRis dayra,gauareseba,
damcroba, kraxi
~ forward v Segebeba,win gamosvla
~ from v vinme/rame modis raime adgilidan(mag.vinme aris saqarTvelodan/nivTi nanaxia samarxSi/fenaSi)
~ in/into v Sesvla,STasvla
~ into being v aRmoceneba(dargis.xelovnebis)
~ ~ contact v dakavSireba vinmesTan/
ramesTan
~ ~ the hands of sb xelSi Cavardna
~ out v gamosvla
~ ~ to meet v migebeba
~ ~ sphere v moqceva/Sesvla raime
sferoSi
~ ~ use v xmarebaSi Semosvla
~ ~ view v gamoCena,TvalSi moxvedra
~ to v gamoCena,mosvla
~ ~ agreement v Tanxmobis miRweva,
SeTanxmeba
~ ~ an end dasruleba,gaqroba,gadaSeneba
~ ~ conclusion v daskvnamde misvla
~ ~ a decision v gadawyvetilebamde
misvla,gadawyvetilebis
miReba
~ ~ the fore v mkafiod gamoCena,win
wamoweva
~ ~ light v gamoaSkaraveba,gamovlena,
gamoCena,dris sinaTlis
xilva
~ ~ the idea v ideis gaCena,azramde
trichromatic ~ adj samferovani
turquoise adj firuzis ~
turbit ~ adj mRvrie ~
vermillion adj alis ~
violet adj iis ~
light ~ adj moiisfro
virtue of ~ feris simkveTre
vivid ~ adj cincxali/cocxali ~
white adj TeTri
white-on-black adj TeTri(T) Savze
white-on-red adj TeTriT wiTelze
whitish adj moTeTro
yellow(ish) adj yviTeli/moyviTalo
coloured(see colour) adj feradi,Seferili
leaden ~ adj tyviisferi
flash ~
" xorcis ~
mat ~
"
dabinduli ~
many ~
"
Wreli=mravalferi
multy ~
"
mravalferi=feradi
smoke ~ "
bolisferi,dabinduli
colourful adj kolorituli,feradi,feradovani,mravalferi
colouring n Seferiloba,koloriti
colours n pl ferebi/ferTa
play of ~ ferTa TamaSi/elvareba
primary ~ sawyisi/ZiriTadi ~
rich in ~ mdidruli ferebi,ferebiT
mdidari
richness of ~ ferTa simdidre/siuxve
scale/shades of ~ ferTa gama
stronger in ~ mkveTri ~
coltsfoot n adj viristerfa(si),joristerfa(si)
column n adj sveti(s)
~ abutment
~
qusli
~ base(socle,stem) ~ Ziri
~bolsar(chock,footing)~ sayrdeni,sadgari
~ dado ~ baliSi
~ drum ~ dolabi
~ drum-cap ~ Tavi
~ in drums dolabebiT Sedgenili ~
fluted ~ shaft kanelurebiani ~
free standing ~ calke mdgomi ~
high trunk ~ maRali ~
monolithic ~ shaft erTi mTliani=
daunawevrebeli ~
~ necking rings safexuredi ~ Tavze
~ shaft ~ gula/RerZi
~ trunk ~ tani
columned adj svetebiani
comb(ed) n v adj savarcxeli; (da)(gada)
52
misvla
~ ~ terms with sth v situaciaSi garkveva
~ upon v Sexvedra
comfrey n adj TeTryvavila,laSqra,mxalSava,Savbalaxa,Symphytum.gen/Officinale gen.
coming adj ger damdegi,momavali; mosvla
dadgoma raRac drois
~ from v (ga)momdinare..,momdinare(a)
in ~ into contact with sth Sexebisas ramesTan
comitium/comitii n sing/pl Lat. saxalxo kre
ba
command n v brZaneba,gakontroleba,war
marTva
hold ~ over sth gabatoneba(mag.gzebze)
commander n mxedarTmTavari,sardali
~ in chief n mTavarsardali
commandment n mcneba,Segoneba
commemorate v zeimi,wlisTavis aRniSvna
commemoration (in) of sth mosagonrad rami
sa
commemorating adj samaxsovro
commemorations n pl wlisTavis aRniSvna
moxsenieba
commemorative adj samaxsovro
~inscription samaxsovro warwera
commemorial adj memorialuri,samaxsovro
commence(ment) v n dawyeba,wamowyeba
~ the degree samecniero xarisxis miRe
ba
comment n v SeniSvna,komentari; SeniSvnis gakeTeba
~ on v n SeniSvna rameze
commensality n Tanameinaxeoba
commentate v komentaris gakeTeba
commentator n komentatori
commerce n aReb-micemoba,komercia
commercial adj savaWro,komerciuli
commission n mindobiloba,komisia,uflebamosileba
v uflebis gadacema/micema,Sekve
Ta,vinmesTvis ramis mindoba,
Tanamdebobaze daniSvna,davalebis micema
~with v samxedro wodebis miniWeba
commissioned by ndobiT aRWurvili,uflebamosili,uflebamosileba,
mokvdineba ramiT vinmes mier
~ for sb/sth gankuTvnili vinmesTvis/ramisTvis
commit v raime arasworis.ukanonos Cade
na
~ to the flames v cecxlze dawva,cecxls
misce
commitment n dapireba,piroba
committee n komiteti
commodities n pl Txevadi masa=siTxe; savaWro saqoneli,nedleuli
common n adj saTemo saZovari; arsebuli,gavrcelebuli,rigiTi,saerTo
sazogado,tradiciuli,Cveuli,
Cveulebrivi,xSiri
commonage=commonality n saerTo saZovari,Zovebis ufleba am saZovarze
find ~ ground saerTo enis gamonaxva
the ~ people=the commons wvrili eri=
mdabiorni
~ to all mankind zogadsakacobrio
~ will Semwynarebloba
commoner n rigiTi adamiani
commonly adv sazogadod,Cveulebriv,xSi
rad
~ found Cveulebriv gvxvdeba
most ~ ufro xSirad,umetes SemTx
vevaSi
commonplace adj gacveTili=Cveuli
become~ gaxda Cveuli
communal adj saerTo sargeblobis ram
~open space saerTo sargeblobis are
commune/community n erToba,Temi
communicate v ziareba,urTierToba
communication n kavSiri,urTierToba
avenue of ~ urtiertobaTa gzebi
Communion n ziareba
~ bread n sefiskveri
~ service saRmrTo liturgia
community n Temi, erToba
compact(ness) adj n mkvrivi,simkvrive
companion n Tanmxlebi,Tanamonawile,
kompanioni
~ object(s) Tanmxlebi nivTebi=inventari
company n dasi,ansambli,sazogadoeba
n pl. verb batalionis erTi
nawili
comparable adj raime,risi Sedarebac SeiZleba ramesTan,msgavsi=paraleli
compare v Sedareba
compared adj Sedarebuli
(by)comparing with… Sedarebis saSualebiT
comparison n Sedareba
53
by ~ with=in ~ with sth SedarebiT raRacasTan
~ with sth msgavseba ramesTan
compartment n bina,saTavsi/saTavso
compartmentalize v raime sivrcis danawevreba/datixvra
compass v n gars Semovla,kompasi
compatibility n Tanaarseboba
compatible adj Tanaarsebuli,Sesabamisi
~ with sth Sesabamisi ramesTan
make sth ~ with sth ramis moyvana SesabamisibaSi ramesTan
compatibly adv Tanaarsebulad,TanaarsebobiT
compel v iZuleba
compelling adj gadaulaxavi
~evidence utyuari sabuTi
compensate(ion) v n anazRaureba=kompensacia
comperative(ly) adj adv SedarebiTi,SedarebiT…
compete v Sejibreba,Sejibri
competence n sandooba,codna kargad,uf
lebamosileba,kompetencia
competent adj uflebamosili,kompetenturi
competing adj Sejibris monawile,mowinaaRmdege
competition n v Sejibri
competitor n samecniero xarisxis maZiebeli,Sejibris monawile
compile(ation)(r) v dagroveba,mogroveba;
damgrovebeli,Teoretikosi,
kompilatori
compiles v moicavs,aerTianebs
compion=Lychnis/Silene spp Lat. n adj lamaza=qoTana (mc)
complain(t) n v wuwuni,sayveduri,ukmayofileba
complement n v damateba,Sevseba
with(out) full ~of sb (ara)sruli SemadgenlobiT
complementary adj damatebiTi
complete adj v erTi mTeli,dasrulebuli,dauzianebeli,mTeli,mTliani,sruli,asruleba,srulyofa,srulqmna
~ master of… baton-patroni
completed adj sruli,dasrulebuli,
srulyofili
completely adj pirwmindad,savsebiT,srulad,sruliad,srulyofilad
~ different savsebiT/sruliad gansxvavebuli,sapirispiro
completeness n mTlianoba,sisrule,
srulyofileba
completion n dasruleba
complex n adj kompleqsi,nageboba; rTuli
burial ~ samarxeuli ~
~ problem rTuli sakiTxi
complex(ity) adj n rTuli,CaxlarTuli,
kompleqsuri; sirTule
complicate(d) v adj garTuleba; garTulebuli,Tavsamtvrevi,rTuli
complicating adj gamarTulebeli,xelisSem
Sleli
complication n sirTule
complimentary adj saqebi,saqebari,saxotbo
component adj Semadgeneli
~ member
~
nawili
compose v ageba,awyoba,Sesruleba,Seqmna,
Sedgena,SeTxzva
~ the text teqstis dabeWdva=akrefa
composed adj agebuli,awyobili,Sedgenili
composite adj Sedgenili
composition n Semadgenloba=qsovili
ramis,kompozicia,Txzuleba
compound v adj rTuli,Sedgena/Sedgenili,SemoRobili teritoria
chemical ~qimiuri Semadgenloba ramis
comprehend v moicavs
comprehension n azrovneba,gaazreba,gageba
comprehensive adj amomwuravi,srulyofili,yovlismomcveli
~school zogadsaganmanaTleblo skola
comprehensively adv yovlismomcvelad,
yovelmxrivad
compress v SekumSva,SemWidroveba
comprise v floba=qona
comprises v aerTianebs,aqvs,Seicavs,
flobs, moicavs(sakuTar TavSi)
comprising adj momcveli,Semcveli
largerly ~ farTod moicavs
concave adj Sezneqili,SeRunuli
concavesided adj gverdebSezneqili
concavity n Sezneqiloba,Rrmuli
conceal(ed) v adj damalva/damaluli,dafarva/dafaruli
conceit n v Tavis qeba
conceive v Casaxva,mixvedra,gonebiTwarmodgena,azris gaCena,miCneva,
gaazreba,aRqma
~ of sth warmodgenis qona(rameze)
54
concentrate v Tavmoyra,koncentracia
~ on point sakiTxze SeCereba=yuradRebis gamaxvileba
concentrated adj Tavmoyrili,koncentrirebuli
concentration n Tavmoyra,koncentracia
~ of sth
Semcveloba ramisa rameSi
concentric adj koncentruli
concept n v azri,daskvna,mosazreba,gageba,idea,saerTo warmodgena
conception n azri,moZRvreba,Canafiqri,
warmodgena,koncefcia
conceptual adj konceptualuri
concern with v daTanxmeba rameze,gamiznuli(a),exeba
sth ~ sth (mag.teqsti)exeba/gvamcnobs...
concerned adj damowmebuli
concerning sb/sth dakavSirebiT/kavSirSi
vinmesTan/ramesTan,exeba vinmes/
mes/rasmes,Sesaxeb vinmesi/ramisa
conch n konqi
conchoidal adj niJarisebri,konqoiduri
concise(ness) adj n mokle,SemWidroebuli,SekumSuli,gamomsaxvelobiTi,
sityvaZunwi; simokle,sityvaZunwoba
conclude v daboloeba,dasruleba,daskvnis gakeTeba
~ a treaty zavis dadeba
concluding adj daskvniTi,bolo,damamTavrebeli
~ remarks daskvniTi/saboloo sityva/
SeniSvnebi
concludive adj daskvniTi,saboloo
conclusion n daskvna
hurried ~ naCqarevi ~
~ supported by… daskvnas amyarebs/
ganamtkicebs…
basis for ~ daskvnis(Tvis) safuZveli
conclusive adj gadamwyveti,daskvniTi
concoct v SeTxzva
concomitant adj Tanmdevi,Tanmxlebi
concret(e) n adj betoni(s), konkretuli
concubine n umcrosi coli,mona qali=
xasa
concurrent(ly) adj adv Tanmdevi,erTdrouli/erTdroulad
condemn(ed) adj gakicxva/gakicxuli,dagmoba/dagmobili
condition n mdgomareoba,manera,pirobebi,
poza
in good/bad ~ karg/cud mdgomareobaSi
requisite ~ aucilebeli/saTanado pirobebi
conditions n pl viTareba,pirobebi,procesebi
inevitable ~ ucilobeli pirobebi
life/living ~ cxovrebis
~
unavoidable ~ gardauvali viTareba
under ~ raRac viTarebaSi/pirobebSi
condolen(ce)(t) v n TanagrZnoba,samZimari,
damSvideba; TanagrZnobis gamomxatveli vinme
offer condolences v misamZimreba
condone v daviwyeba(s) mieca
conduct v saqmis gaZRola,eklesiaSi samsaxuri,xelmZRvaneloba,raime Ronis
Ziebis Catareba/gaZRola,Tanxleba
~ further v Semdgomi xelSewyoba
conductive adj gamosadegi,vargisi,xelsay
reli
conductor n xelmZRvaneli
cone n konusi
~headed konusurTaviani
~ shaped adj konusisebri
confederation n xalxis erToba
confer v ganxilva,damsaxureba,dasaCuqreba,Semateba
conferring importance matebs mniSvnelobas
~ prestige on sb matebs saxels/
Rirsebas
confess(ion) v n aRsarebis Tqma,monanieba
~ Christ irwmuno/iwamo qriste
confessant n is,vinc aRsarebas ambobs
confessional n adgili taZarSi,sadac
aRsarebas amboben=saaRmsareblo; sarwmunoebrivi
confessioner n aRsarebis mTqmeli=aRmsarebeli
confessor n sulieri moZRvari
confidence n ndoba/sandooba,gamocdileba,codna
confident adj damajerebeli,sando,
confidential adj saidumlo=konfidencialuri=piradi
confidently adv dabejiTebiT,darwmunebiT,sandod
configurate v moxazva,Camoyalibeba
configuration n moxazuloba,forma
configure v gamoxatva,Semoxazva
confine n v zRvari,zRude,sazRvari,Car-;
Co,SemosazRvra,adgilis/sivrcis
SemosazRvra/sazRvrebSi moqceva
~ in dungeon jurRmulSi Cagdeba
55
confined adj (Semo)(sa)zRvruli
confining adj SemomsazRvreli
~ field magnituri veli
confirm(ation) v n dadastureba,faqtis
damowmrba; dasturi
~ for sth dasturi ramisa
confirmed adj ganmtkicebuli,dadasturebuli
be ~ in confession of Christ ganmtkiceba
rwmenaSi
confirming adj damadasturebeli,damamtkicebeli
conflagration n xanZari
~swept sth xanZarma gaanadgura
conflate v 2 liTonis Sednoba,raRaceebis gaerTianeba,SeerTeba
conflation n Senadnobi,Sednoba
conflict n v gaugebroba,uTanxmoeba,janyi
ensue ~ gaugebrobis/uTanxmoebis warmoSoba
confluence n SesarTavi,xerTvisi
conform v miTiTebebis/wesebis dacva,misa
dageba(morgeba/Segueba)
~ standards standartebis dakmayofileba
~ to v misadageba
confound v aRreva,(da)rRveva,CixSimomwyvdeva,Sla
confront(ation)(ing) v n adj dapirispireba,
dapirispirebuli,SeebrZolo vinmes,win aRudge vinmes/rasme
confuse(d)(ion) v adj n areva,adamianis dabneva/Secbuneba,SeSla ramis
conglomerate n adj konglomerati(s)
congregate(ion) v n TavSeyra,Tavyriloba
congregation n samwyso,mrevli
congratulate v milocva
on behalf of sb I ~ gilocavT vinmes saxeliT
congruence n Sesatyvisoba
conical(see cone) adj konusuri
conifer(s) n wiwvovani,wiwviani,wiwvnari
conjectural adj navaraudevi,savaraudo
conjecture n v varaudi
in ~ adv varaudiT/varaudSi
conjuction n kavSiri
in ~ with sth adv kavSirSi raRacasTan
conjure up v moxibvla,mojadoeba
connect(ed) v adj dakavSireba/dakavSirebuli,SeerTeba/SeerTebuli
~ in some way rogorRac dakavSirebuli
~ with dakavSirebuli vinmesTan/ramesTan
~ ~ each other erTmaneTTan dakavSirebuli
connecting adj (da)makavSirebeli
connection=connexion n kavSiri
bring into ~ with sth dakavSireba ramesTan
co-mingling ~ urTierTkavSiri(Tana...)
in ~ with sth kavSirSi ramesTan
in this/that ~ raime TvalsazrisiT
make a ~ dakavSireba
connoisseur n Fr. mcodne
connotation n damatebiTi mniSvneloba
connote v damatebiTi mniSvnelobis qona
conquer(ed)(ing)(or) v adj n dapyroba,dapyrobili,dapyrobiTi,dampyrob(el)i
conquest n dapyroba,mopoveba
conscious(ly) adj adv cnobieri; gonebiT,
Segnebulad,gangeb,Semmecnebeli
consciousness n TviTSegneba,Semecneba
self ~ TviTSegneba/Semecneba
consecrate(ion) v n kurTxeva, miZRvna,naTlis mofena,puris da Rvinis gadaqceva qristes xocad da sisxlad,Tavmoyra
~ life to sth sicocxlis Sewirva/miZRvna
~ the chrism mironis kurTxeva
~ to the memory of sb miZRvna vinmes
xsovnisadmi
consecrated adj nakurTxi
consecution n Tan(a)mimdevroba
consecutive adj TanmimdevrobiTi,Tanmimdevruli/urTierTmomdevno,
uwyveti
consecutively adv zedized,TanmimdevrobiT
consent n v Tanxmoba
consentrate(d) v adj Tavmoyra/Tavmoyrili
consequence n daskvna,Tanmimdevroba,Sedegi ramisa
as a ~
rogorc Sedegi
in ~ of sth ramis Sedegad
consequent adj Tanmdevi,Tanmimdevruli,
momdevno
consequential adj logikurad gamomdinare,mniSvnelovani,pativmoyvare,
Sesaferisi,vargisi
consequently adv amdenad,amitom,amrigad,
aqedan gamomdinare..,Sedegad,Sesabamisad…
conserning to… exeba,urTierToba aqvs…
56
ganmtkiceba
consolidated adj saboloo(saxiT),gaerTianebuli,Tavmoyrili
consort n mmarTvelis=mefis meuRle
the queen ~ mefis coli=dedofali
the prince ~ mefe qalis qmari
conspicuous adj TvalSisacemi,SesamCnevi
conspicuously adv naTlad, SesamCnevad
conspicuousness n gamorCeuloba,brwyinvaleba
conspirator n SeTqmuli
constant(ly) adj adv mudmivi/mudmivad,myari/myarad,uryevi/uryevad,ucvleli/ucvlelad
constellation n Tanavarskvlavedi,pleada
constituent(s) n adj mTelis Semadgeneli
ram/nawilebi
chemical ~ qimiuri Semadgenloba
~fundamental ~ ZiriTadi Semadgenelni
~part
~
nawili
~unit
~
erTeuli
constitute v damkvidreba azris/mosazrebmtkiceba azris/daskvnis,daarseba
daarseba,moicavs,Camoyalibeba,dadgena,dafuZneba,ZalaSi Sesvla
~power Zalauflebis gavrceleba...
~space ramis gavrcelebis dadgena
constraint n iZuleba
constrict v SekumSva
construct(ed) v adj ageba/agebuli,nagebi,
aSeneba/aSenebuli,naSeni,awyoba/
awyobili,anawyobi
~ by sb agebuli/nagebi vinmes mier
~ in v Cadgma(mg.samarxSi)
~ of sth nagebi raime masaliT
~on the top of earlier layer Zvel saZirkvelze daSeneba
construction n adj v nageboba,samSeneblo,
ageba
beehive ~ skisebri nageboba
burst of ~ mSeneblobis gaCaReba
~ detail samSeneblo detali=nawili
~method mSeneblobis meTodi
constructive adj gamosadegi,Rirebuli,konstruqciuli
~ details samSeneblo detalebi
~ idea Rirebuli azri/idea
consubstantial adj erTarsi
consult(ation) v rCevis micema=konsultacia
in ~ with moTaTbirebiT/SeTanxmebiT vin
mesTan
conservatism n konservatuloba,konserva
tizmi
conservative adj mdgradi,konservatiuli
conserve(ation) v n dakonserveba,konserva
cia
consider v awon-dawonva,ganxilva,gaTvaliswineba,miCneva,fiqri,CaTvla,
gaazreba,dakvirveba
~ sth as… gaazreba/ganxilva ramis
rogorc..,miReba(miCneva/CaTvla)
rogorc…
considerable adj garkveuli,gansazRvruli,gonieri,misaRebi,mniSvnelovani,
sagrZnobi,saTanado,sakmao,rigi
~ advance(changes,interest) sagrZnobi
winsvla,cvlilebebi,interesi
considerably adv gvarianad,TvalSisacemad,mniSvnelovnad,sagrZnoblad,
savaraudod,sakmaod,SedarebiT,
SesamCnevad
considerate adj v azriani,Wkvianuri,gonivruli; gaTvaliswineba
consideration n azri,naazrevi,nafiqrali
take into ~ mxedvelobaSi miReba
under ~ gaTvaliswinebiT ramisa
considered adj gaTvaliswinebuli,gansazRvruli,miCneuli,navaraudevi,
Cafiqrebuli(a)
~ as miCneuli rogorc…
~ by
~
vinmes mier
as ~ to be iTvleba/miCneulia,rom
aris…
sth must be ~ as raRac miCneul unda
iqnes rogorc…
considering… adv gaTvaliswinebiT…
after ~ sth ramis gaTvaliswinebis Sedegad/Semdeg
for ~ sth ramis gasaazreblad/varaudisTvis…
consign v vinmesTvis ramis mindoba
~ to prediction v dawyevla,SeCveneba
consist of… v raRac Sedgeba raRacisgan
consistent adj myari,Sesabamisi,SeTanxmebuli
~ habits
~ Cvevebi
consistently adv Tanmimdevrulad,Sesabami
sad
consistorium n Sesasvleli (binaSi,saxlSi)
console n Fr. bjeni,konsoli
console(ation) v n damSvideba,simSvide
find ~ hpovo simSvide/mSvidoba
consolidate(ion) v n gaerTianeba,Tavmoyra,
57
li
lacking archaeological ~ arqeologiuri
kompleqsis gareSe
out of ~ konteqstis gareT/miRma
within the ~ konteqstSi
contextual adj konteqstisa,konteqstSi
contiguous(ly) adj adv miWdobili,mWidro
(d),mezobeli,erTmaneTSi gamavali
continual adj gauTavebeli,usasrulo,uwyveti,xangrZlivi
continually adv ganuwyvetliv,mudmivad
continuation n gagrZeleba,xangrZlivoba
continue v gagrZeleba,gangrZoba
~ in use/to be used grZeldeba gamoyeneba
~ to be made
~
damzadeba
sth ~ through
~ raRac drois ganmavlobaSi
continuing adj dausrulebeli,uwyveti,
xangrZlivi
continuity n uwyvetoba,xangrZlivoba,ganviTareba
~was lost Sewyda ganviTareba
continuous(ly) adj adv grZivi,mudmivad,uwy
veti/uwyvetad,xangZlivi/xangrZlivad
~ in field arch. exp. mudmivmoqmedi arq.
Eqspedicia
continuum n mudmiva=qonTinuumi
contour n moxazuloba,konturi
contra=con(s)(see opponent,pro..) adj sapirispiro,mowinaaRmdege
contract n v xelSekruleba;zomaSi mokleba=Sekleba,Seviwroveba,SekumSva
worker under ~xelSekrulebiT momuSave
observe ~ xelSwkrulebis Sesruleba=dacva
contraction n zomaSi mokleba/Sekleba
contracted adj Seklebuli zomaSi
contradict v SewinaaRmdegeba,sityvieri wi
naaRmdegobis gaweva
contradicting adj ewinaaRmdegeba rasme
contradiction n SeuTavsebloba
in ~ of/to gansxvavebiT raRacisgan/sapirispirod
contradictory adj sapirispiro,sawinaaRmdego,winaaRmdegobrivi
contradistinction n urTierTSepirispireba
contralto n zili(sasimRero xma)
contrarily adv sapirispirod
contrariwise adv piruku,sapirispirod
contrary adj sawinaaRmdego
consultate v moTaTbireba/SeTanxmeba vinmesTan
consulting/consultative adj sakonsultacio
consume(r)(see market) v n moxmareba,momx
marebeli=myidveli
~ goods farTo moxmarebis sagnebi
consumption n moxmareba
public ~ saerTo moxmarebisTvis(raime)
contact v n kavSiri/dakavSireba,Sexeba
be in ~ with sb/sth kavSirSi vinmesTan/
ramesTan
contain (ing) v adj Seicavs.moicavs ; Semcveli
container(see ceramics,pottery,vessel,ware)
n WurWeli
~ for drinking n sasmisi
contemplate(ion) v n ganWvreta,varaudi,
Seswavla,mofiqreba,Tvaliereba
contemplative life(see religious) religiuri
cxovreba
contemple v ganxilva
contemporaneous(ly)(ness) adj adv n Tanadrouli=droSi sinqronuli,erTdroulad,Tanadroulad;erTdroul
oba,Tanadrouloba
contemporaniety n ramdenime movlenis/sag
nis Tanadrouloba
contemporaries n pl Tanamedroveni
contemporary adj erTdrouli,Tanadrouli,mimdinare,vinme/rame vinmes/ramis Tanamedrove
~ objects
Tanmxlebi sagnebi(mag.micvalebulis)
~ with sb/sth Tanamedrove vinmesi/ramisa
contend v gancxadeba,moTxovna,mtkiceba,
brZola,kamaTi,Sejibri
~for control brZola kontrolisaTvis
content n v momxre kenWisyrisas,ramis Si
naarsi;dasjerde rasme,kmayofile
ba,Semcveloba ramis
be~with sth dayabulde rasme
contents of… masalebi..,SigTavsi ramisa,
Semadgenloba,Semcveloba
table of ~ Jurnalis/wignis sarCevi
contest(ant) n v n kamaTi,Sejibri; mokamaTe=kamaTis monawile
context n konteqsti,samarxeuli inventari/SigTavsi
abstract sth from ~ konteqstidan amogleja,gamocalkeveba
archaeological ~ arqeologiuri ~
in the ~ adv konteqstSi
in vital ~ cxovrebis ferxulSi Cabmu-
58
on the ~ piriqiT,sapirispirod
~ to adv sapirispirod ramisa
~ to the expectation molodinis sapiris
pirod,miuxedavad molodinisa
on the ~ piriqiT
contrast n v gansxvaveba; sxvaoba
in ~ adv sapirispirod ramisa,ramisgan gansxvavebiT
contrasted from adj gansxvavebuli
contrasting adj gansxvavebuli,sapirispiro,gansxvavebuli
~ from adj gansxvavebuli ramisgan
~ with adj sapirispiro ramisa
contribute v daxmareba,TanamSromloba,Sewevna,SesZino vinmes rame,xelSewyoba
~ to v wvlilis Setana
contribution n gadasaxadi,daxmareba,Semowiruloba,TanamSromloba,xelSewyoba,Sewevna,wvlili,Senatani
~ lay in…
(vinmes) miuZRvis wvli
contributions n pl Rvawli
contributor n Tanamosaqme,Semomwirveli,
Semwe
contrive v (ga)mogoneba,Seqmna
control n v adj mmarTveloba,Tvalyuris
devneba,Semowmeba,Zalaufleba; marTva,meTvalyureoba,mmarTveloba,floba,Semowmeba; sakontrolo
bring under ~ damorCileba vinmesi/
qveynis
come ~ ~
meTvalyureobis qveS
hold ~ of sb/sth marTva vinmesi/ramisa
in ~ of sb vinmes meTvalyureobis qveS
lose ~ kontrolis dakargva...
maintain ~ Zalauflebis mopoveba vinmeze
outside one’s ~ vinmes meTvalyureobis miRma
controversial adj sadao,sakamaTo,winaaRmdegobrivi
contriversy n azrTa sxvaoba,dava,kamaTi,
uTanxmoeba,winaaRmdrgoba
~ about sth azrTa sxvadasxvaoba/winaaRmdegoban
~ is focused on sth uTanxmoebas iwvevs…
matter of ~ kamaTis/uTanxmoebis sagani
convay v gadacema (mag. informaciis)
convenience n keTilmowyobili,mosaxerxebeli,upiratesoba
convenient adj marjve,moxerxebuli,mosaxerxebeli,xelsayreli
convent n (dedaTa) monasteri
convention n gardaqmna,kreba,yriloba,Tan
xmoba,xelSekruleba
conventional adj aRiarebuli,Cveuli,
cnobili,pirobiTi
~ sign pirobiTi niSani
conventionally adv Cveulebriv,pirobiTad
convention(s) n rwmena
converge (nce)(nt) v n adj Tavmoyra,Tanxvedra,Tavmoyrili
conversation n saubari
enter the ~ saubarSi CarTva
conversely adv piriqiT,sapirispirod,ukan
conversion n moqceva raime sarwmunoebaze
convert v n gadakeTeba,gardaqmna
~ into v gadaqceva,gardaqmna vinmed/ramed
~ to v gadamuSaveba
~ to Christianity qristianad moqceva
~ to faith v romelime sarwmunoebaze
moqceva
converted adj gadakeTebuli
newly ~ axladmoqceuli rwmenaze
convey v gadatana,xalxis gadayvana
convex adj amoberili,amoburculi,amoRunuli,gamoberili
~ and pressed adj amoburcul-Cawneuli
convexity n amoberiloba,amoburculoba,
gamoburculoba
convexo-concave adj Cazneqil-amozneqili
convince(d) v adj vinmes darwmuneba,darwmunebuli
convincing(ly) adj adv damajerebeli; darwmunebiT,damajreblad
less/more ~ nakleb/metad damajerebeli
convinction n dajerebuloba,gakicxva,
rwmena
convinctive adj damajerebeli
convoke v mowveva(krebis/sxdomis)
convoluted adj spiraluri
cook n v mzareuli; saWmlis momzadeba
~ house n samzadi
cooked adj mza(moxarSuli/Semwvari),ara
umi
cookery n kulinaria,sasusnavi,delikatesi,namcxvari
cool(ed) adj v grili/gagrilebuli,ganelebuli; gagrileba/ganeleba
cooper n mekasre=kasrebis ostati
coparticipate(ion) v n Tanamonawileoba
cope n saeklesio samosi,xatis SeWedi-
59
loba,riza,safar(ebel)i
~ with sth v ramis dafarva ramiT
coping n adj lavgardani; damagvirgvinebeli
~stone n damagvirgvinebeli qva
put a ~ ~ v saqmis dagvirgvineba
copious adj mdidari
~ finds mdidari arq. monapovari
not ~ ~ mcire/Raribi ~
~
copper n adj v spilenZi(s),spilenZiT da
ferva
arsenic/arsenious ~ n adj dariSxaniani ~
~ bronze n adj spilenZ-brinjao(si)
crude ~ n adj pirveladi ~
native ~ n adj TviTnabadi ~
~ ore n adj
~ madani
raw ~ nedli ~
(madani)
red ~ wiTeli spilenZi
~ smelting adj spilenZsadnobi
~ smith n spilenZis mdnobeli
yellow ~ yviTeli spilenZi=TiTberi
copperplate v spilenZze kveTa
coppice n ole,warafi
~(d) woodland tye-buCqi, warafi=tye
copse n ole
copy n v asli,minabaZi; mibaZva,(gada)beWdva,gameoreba=gadaReba,aslis gakeTeba
~ book n rveuli
~ ~ maxim anbanuri WeSmariteba
hard ~ xelnaweri teqsti
copying ger (gada)beWdva
coral n adj marjani/marjnis
corbel n bjeni,saryeli,Sverili,konsoli.kibis safexuris sayrdeni
corbelling n Senobis Sverili gvirgvini
cord n adj zonari,Tasma,Toki,simi; Tokisebri
cordial adj gulTbili
~ reception
~
maspinZloba/miReba
cordiality n gulTbiloba,keTilganwyoba
cordially adv gulTbilad
cordon n zoli,sartyeli
core n arseba/arsi,birTvi,gula,gulgula,nukleusi,dasamuSaveblad gamzadebuli gverdebSemomtvreuli qva
~area ZiriTadi teritoria
bullet ~ tyviis gula
chipped ~ aqerclili ~
chisel/cutter ~ saWrisi ~
cone-shaped ~ konusuri ~
~diete ZiriTadi sakvebi
disc-shaped ~ badrosebri ~
~form xelawyosTvis vargisi riyis qva
~group ZiriTadi jgufi
lithic ~ qva,romelic xelsawyos gasakeTeblad varga
prisme-shaped ~ prizmisebri ~
single-based ~ erTfuZiani ~
tapered/wedge-shaped ~ solisebri ~
~ tool gulgula-iaraRi=xelsawyo
two-based ~ orfuZiani ~
two-pole ~ orpolusiani ~
corelate with v damTxveva,dakavSireba
coriander(see cilanto) n adj qinZi(s), Coriandrum sativum Lat.
cork(ed) up v dacoba,Tavdacobili
corn n adj marcvlovanTa Tesli=marcvlovnebi,marcvleuli
~ barn n beReli
~ drying n nalia,marcvleulis saSrobi
~ shoots n pl jejili
~ trade marcvleuliT vaWroba
cornea n rqovana
corner n adj kuTxe, kuTxisa
~ buttress kuTxis iaqTaRi
far-flung ~ qveynis Sori mxare
~ pillar kuTxis sveti
~stone kuTxis qva,qvakuTxedi ramis
corner-and-base moulding nagebobis kuTxisa da fuZis morTuloba=bageti
cornice n lavgardani,karnizi
cornucopia/cornucopiae n sing/pl Lat.
siuxvis rqa
corona/coronae n Lat.sing/pl gvirgvini,
mnaTobis rkali/Saravandi
coronation(see crown) n gvirgvinis
dadgma=koronacia
coroplast n terakotis ostati
corporate adj korporaciuli
corps n pl diplomatiuri/samxedro
korpusi
corpse n gvami,micvalebuli,mZori,
leSi,cxedari
corpulent adj fer-xorciani,msuqani
Corpus Christy n qristes sxeulis dResaswauli samebis kviris momdevno xuTSabaTs
corpus/corpora n sing/pl Lat. adamianis
tani,anTologia,krebuli/nakrebi
ramis
correct(ion) v n adj Sesworeba, swori
~ the press teqstis Sesworeba=koreqtura
60
correctly adv sworad
correctness n siswore
corrector n Semsworebeli=koreqtori
correlate(ion) v n Sedareba ramisa ramesTan,Sesabamisoba(Si)
correspond v damTxveva,Tanxvedra,Sesabamisoba,mimowera
correspondence n Tanxvedra,Sesatyvisoba,Sesabamisoba,mimowera
corresponding adj Tanxvedrili,Sesabamisi,Sesatyvisi,msgavsi
~ member n wevr-korespondenti
correspondingly adv Sesabamisad
corridor n gasasvleli, derefani
~house n saxli derefniT oTaxebis
1 an 2 mwkriviT
corroborate v damajereblobis mimateba/
damateba,dadastureba
corroborative adj gamaZlierebeli,damadasturebeli
~ support damatebiTi sabuTi
corrode(d) v adj (da)Jangva; daJanguli,
Jangiani,Cofura liToni
corrosion n Jangi,liTonis wyluli
corrugate(d) v adj daRarva/daRaruli,
gofrirebuli,danakeceba/danakecebuli
corrupt v teqstis damaxinjeba
cortex n adj mcenaris qerqi(s),tvinis
qerqi
cortier(see courtier) n karis didebuli=kariskaci=moxele
co-ruler n Tanamesaydre/mmarTveli
cost n v fasi=Rirebuleba, Rirs…
prohibitive ~
Zviri=Zalze Zviri
costly adj Zviri=Zvirfasi,(Zvirad)Rirebuli
costs n pl (dana)xarjebi,Tanxebi
costume n samosi,kostumi
coterminous adj Tanadrouli,mosazRvre
cotta n stiqari
cottage n saxli,qoxi
~ industry Sinamrewveloba
couch n sareceli,sawoli
council n sabWo
~ of elders uxucesTa ~
Dissertation Council sadisertacio ~
Privi Cauncil
saidumlo ~
counsel n v ganxilva,gadawyvetileba,
TaTbiri,rCeva
counselor n aRmzrdeli,mrCeveli,razmis
meTauri
count n v aznauri; (da)Tvla
countenance n gamometyveleba,garegnoba
counter n adv v daxli; sapirispiro(d),
sapasuxo(d);winaaRmdegobis gaweva
~ attack sapasuxo Seteva
~balance v ZalTa Tanafardoba/wonasworoba
~ brace n adj iribana(si)
~ clockwise(see clockwise) adv saaTis
isris sapirispirod
~ lating n nivnivqveSa Zeli
~ part n mopirdapire mxare(molaparaKebisas,kamaTisas,saubrisas,mopasuxe),ramis ganuyofeli/Semadgeneli nawili,oreuli,Tanamosaubre
~ weight n sapirwone
~revolution revoluciis sapirispiro,
Uuku(Rma),piruku
countless adj uTvalavi,auarebeli
country n adj sofeli, qveyana; soflisa,
sofluri,sasoflo,saqveyno/qveynisa,saagarako
~ adjoining a sea zRvispira qveyana
~ man n sofleli,glexi
~ out of town qalaqgareT
parent ~ samSoblo,warmoSobis adgili/qveyana
~ road orRobe
~ side sofeli/soflad
~ town daba
~ wide adj mTeli qveynis,saerTo saxalxo
coup adj warmatebuli
couple n adj v wyvili,dawyvileba/Sewyvileba
in couples adv wyvilad,wyvilebad
courage(ous) n adj gambedaoba/gabedulesiTamame; gabeduli,Tamami
courageously adv gabedulad,Tamamad
courier n malemsrboli,Sikriki
course n mimdinareoba,kursi,nakadi,rigi,
wyeba,Sualeduri rigi wyobaSi
along the ~ rigis gaswvriv
foundation ~saZirkvlis wyoba
in due ~ gansazRvruli drois Semdeg
in the ~ of sth raRacis mimdinareobisas
in the ~ of time droTa/raime drios gan
mavlobaSi
levelling ~ gamTanabrebeli wyoba
coursed masonry wyoba(aguris,qvis) rigebad
court n samefo/sasaxlis kari,taZreuli,
61
sasamarTlo(adgili,Senoba)
~ house n sasaxle
~ martial n v samxedro sasamarTlo
~ yard n ezo- eklesiis,Sida
courtesy Tavazianoba,zrdiloba.sikeTe
courtier(see cortier) n karis didebuli=
kariskaci
courtly adj sakaro=karis
cousinet n TaRis qusli
coutious(ly) adj adv frTxili/frTxilad
covenant v aRuTqva RmerTs rame
Land of the ~ aRTqmuli miwa
cover n gadasafarebeli,garsi,samalavi,safarveli,safeni,raime nivTis
Tavze/boloze wamosacmeli,saxuravi,yda,xufi (see carpet)
corbelled ~ sayrdenebiani saxuravi
samarxis Tavze
girder ~ Zelfenili/Zeluri saxuravi samarxze
overtomb ~ samarxis Zelfenili
saxuravi
slab ~ samarxis gadasaxuravi qvis
fila
under ~ safarqveS
~ widely farTod moicavs,sakiTxis
farTod gaSuqeba
~ with dafarva/daxurva ramisa ramiT
wamocma ramisa rameze
~ ~ ballast/stone moRorRva
v gadaxurva,dageba,dafarva,gadafareba,amofena,(a)mogeba,mofena,amoSeneba,mocva=moicavs
coverage n sazRvari=CarCo,geografiuli/Tematuri areali
covered adj amofenili,amoSenebuli,gadaxuruli,dafaruli,daxuruli,moculi
~ widely in literature sakiTxi farTod
ganxiluli literaturaSi
covering n adj safari,safarebeli,saxuravi ; momcveli
cow n furi,Zroxa
cowberry n adj ZaRlyurZena(si)(mc)
cowed adj miviwyebuli
cowl n anafora,kunkuli=kapiSoni
cowrie=cowry n adj kauri(s)
cowshed n boseli
cowslips=Primula veris Lat. baia (mc)
crab(see crowfish) n zRvis kibo; maJalo
vaSli
crack n v bzari Tixaze/minaze; dabzarva
wamtvreva,watexa
cracked adj dabzaruli
crackled adj damskdari,dabzaruli
cradle n akvani; raimes Casaxvis adgili
craft n xeloba,xelovaneba,xelosnoba,Seqmna,codna ramis keTebis
~ activity xelosnuri saqmianoba
~area saxelosno(Ta) adgili
~ of sth manera,xelovaneba
~ in sth ostatoba ramis keTebisa
~ industries xelosnuri warmoeba
~item xelosnobis nimuSi/nawarmi
~ production xelosnobis nawarmi,xelosnuri warmoeba
~ product xelosnobis nawarmi
~ skill xelosnobis niWi/unari
~ system
~
sistema
crafted adj damzadebuli
crafts n pl xelosnobis sxvadasxva dargebi
~people xelosnebi
craftsman(ship) n ostati,xelosani,mxatvruli xelosnoba
crag(s) n kbode,madnis namtvrevebi
towering ~ frialo klde
cramp n gamiri,omboxi,yavarjeni
crampon n wriapi
cranberry n adj Zaxveli(s), Viburnum opulus Lat.
cranberry n adj circeli(s), Vaccinium ssp
Lat.
cranium/crania n sing/pl Lat. Tavis qala
crank adj muxliani raime sagani
crate n minis WurWlis gadasatani WurWeli
crater n krateri=WurWeli; krateri vul
kanis
~ shaped adj Zabrisebri
craw n CiCaxvi
creamery v sadRvebeli
creased adj naoWebiani kani
create(d) v adj ageba/agebuli,(Se)qmna/qmni
nuli,Camoyalibeba/Camoyalibebuli
~tension v zewola
~the world samyaros Seqmna
creation n qmnileba,Semoqmedeba,Seqmnili
ram,Camoyalibeba
~ of sb vinmes Semoqmedeba/qmnileba
creative adj SemoqmedebiTi
~ power
~
Zala
~ works
~ namuSevari/naSromi
creativity n Semoqmedeba
62
artistic ~ mxatvruli ~
scholarly ~ mecnieruli ~
Creator (the) n Semoqmedi=RmerTi
creator n Semoqmedi,Semqmneli,fuZemdebeli,damfuZnebeli
creature n arseba,qmnileba
credence n damajerebloba,ndoba
sb/sth adds/gives ~ damajereblobas matebs/sZens
~ table qristianuli sakurTxeveli
credential n (ndobis)mandati,sabuTi,rwmunebis sigeli
credible adj sando
credibility n sandooba,TiTqmis namdvili
credibly adv sandod,zustad
credit(see.debt) n vali,sesxi
(sb/sth) is credited v miewereba vinmes/ra
mes
creditor(see debtor) n mevale=gamsesxebeli
Creed n rwmena mag. qristianuli
creed n kredo, rwmenis simbolo
creep v fexakrefiT siaruli,cocva
~ into v SeZvroma
creeping adj mcocavi
~ plant xviara mcenare
cremate(d)(ion) v adj n micvalebulis dawva=kremacia; damwvari=kremirebuli
crenellate(ion) v n galavanSi/koSkis kedelSi saTofurebisa da ambrazurebis mowyoba
topped by~ qongurebiani,satofurebiani
Crescent(al) adj namgala=mTvaris formis
fertile ~ nayofieri adgili ramisTvis
cress=Lepidium Sativum Lat. n adj wiwmati
(s) (mc)
crest n Txemi,sagnis qedi,qimi,sarkmlis
saTauri,mTis wveri
cretula(ae) Lat. n sing/pl. sabeWdavi
crib n saqonlis baga
~ work n Zel-yore
crickle(d)(see crumple) v adj daWmuWvna,daWmuWnuli
cringe v qedis moxra
criss-cross v adv adj jvaredinad gadakveTa,daqselva(arxebiT/gzebiT),jvaredini
crisp adj xraSuna,fSvnadi
criterion/criteria n sing/pl Lat. kriteriumi
critic(see) n kritikosi
critical(ly) adj adv zRvruli/zRvrulad,
kritikuli/kritikulad
criticism/critique n kritika (kargi/cudi)
criticize v gakritikeba
crochet n v yaisnaRi(T) qsova
cromlech n (Welsh) kromlexi
crook n faraonis/mecxvaris kavi
crooked adj gverdela
crop n mosavali,Sedegi
bad ~ cudi mosavali
bumper ~ uxvi
~
good ~
kargi ~
crops n pl marcvleuli
catch ~ TesvisSorisi kulturebi
crosier=crozier n mRvdlis kverTxi
Cross n jvari;
breast/pectoral ~ mkerdsakidi jvari
descend from the ~ gardamoxsna
Diesis (the)
ormagi jvari
Distinguished Service/Processional ~
gamosasvenebeli ~
heart-shaped ~ gulisebri ~
Life-giving ~ cxovelmyofeli ~
make the sign of ~ with three fingers
pirjvris gadawera sami TiTiT
Maltian ~ malturi ~ (bolnuris
msgavsi)
Saltire n wm. andrias ~
touch ~ with the image of the ~ jvris
gamosaxva jvriT
adj gadamkveTi,ganivi,Tarazuli,
jvaredi(ni)
~ bar ganiva,mzidi koWi,jvris
mklavebi=ganivi Zeli
~ beam ganivi koWi/Zeli
~ belt
yawimi
~ bow gadajvaredinebuli rkali
~ dating
jvaredini daTariReba
~ division ganivi gayofa
~ hafted adj jvaredinad Sekruli
~hatched triangles samkuTxedebis bade
~ legged adj fexi-fexze gadadebuli
~ like adj jvrisebri=jvruli
~ piece saZgidi,Zgide
~ reference literaturis jvaredini
damowmeba
~ section ganivkveTi,ganivi Wrili
v gadavla,gadakveTa,gadalaxva,
gadaWra(gzis,mdinaris,mindvris)
gadaxazva,pirjvris gadawera
~ oneself v pirjvris gadawera
~ sb’s palms v qrTamis micema
~ the Great Divide/the Styx v gardacvaleba
63
crossroads n gzaTa Sesayari,gzajvaredini
crossing(see cross) n adj gasasvleli,gada
sasvleli;sauReltexilo,gadamkveTi
~point n gadakveTis adgili
crosswise adj adv gadajvaredinebuli,
jvaredini/jvaredinad,Tarazulad,
siganeze,ganivi
crowd n v xalxis mogroveba/jgufi,brbo,
crowfish(see crab) n mdinaris kibo
crown n v gvirgvini(kbilisac),Tavi ramis; jiRa; gvirgvinis dadgma/dagvirgvineba
~domain/land safliswulo mamuli/miwa
~prince(s) taxtis memkvidre ufliswuli (vaJi/qali)
~of thorns(see ecce) eklis gvirgvini
crowned adj gvirgvinosani,gvirgviniani,
dagvirgvinebuli
the ~ heads n pl gvirgvinosanni
crowning adj damagvirgvinebeli
~ triumph sruli triumfi
crude(ly) adj adv daumuSavebeli,dauxewavi,nedli/nedlad,uxeSad
cruel adj boroti
crumble n v namceci; beJva,(da)fSvna/dafxvna,(da)Sla,ngreva
crumbled adj dafSvnili,dafxvnili,daSlili,dabeJili
crumbling adj Sladi,fSvnadi
crump n gamiri (boloebakecili marTi
kuTxiT)
crumple(d)(see crickle) v adj daWmuWvna/daWmuWnuli
crunch v n tkacuni.WraWuni,Wriali
crupper n cxenis saZue
crusade(r) n jvarosnuli laSqroba,jvarosani
crush v ganadgureba,(da)msxvreva,nayva,
ngreva,fSvna,fxvna,(Camo)ngreva
crushed adj ganadgurebuli,(da)msxvreuli/nayuli,dangreuli,f(x)Svnili,
namtvrevi,nagleji,Camongreuli
~ stone n adj RorRi(s)
crusher n samsxvrevela
crusial adj aucilebeli,gadamwyveti,kritikuli,sapasuxismgeblo,udidesi,
umTavresi,umwvavesi,mniSvnelovani/
umniSvnelovanesi
~ site gadamwyveti/umniSvnelovanesi
Zegli
crucially adv aucileblad,Zalze
crucifix(ion) v n jvarze gakvra=jvarcma
~ coat iesos kvarTi
cruciform adj jvrisebri,jvruli
crucify v jvarze gakvra=jvarcma,wameba
crust n puris qerqi, kibos javSani
cry n v tirili,yvirili,Zaxili
a far ~ from…Soreuli gamoZaxili
~ for sb davtiriT…
sth cries out for sth raRac aucileblad
saWiroebs mag. dadgenas/Semowmebas
crypta/crypte=crypt n sing/pl Lat. kripta
cryptographi adj saidumlo=kriptografiuli
crystallize v dakristaleba/kristalizacia
C-shaped naxevarwriuli
cub n beli,bokveri
cube n kubi(sxeuli)
cubical adj kubisebri
cubit n wyrTa=0,45 sm
cuddle v mirqma,Caxuteba
cuddly n xveuli (forma)
cudgel n argani
cue n v niSani, miniSneba
cuirass n meomris javSani
cuirassier n javSnosani (adamiani)
cuisine=kitchen n (erovnuli) samzareulo
cul de four Fr. n sferuli kamara
cul de sac Fr. n Suacecxli
culinary n adj kulinaria,kulinaruli
~practice mzareuloba
cull v raime cnobis uaryofa,gadarCeva,
uvargisis gamorCeva,gamoricxva
culminate n v kulminacia(is) miRweva
cult n adj kulti; sakulto/saweso
~activity sakulto saqmianoba
~ centre sakulto centri
~chamber ~
darbazi
~ image kultis gamosaxuleba
~ of death sikvdilis kulti
for ~ sakulto
grave ~ saflavis kulti
~ loaf
sakulto kveri
~ object
~
sagani
~ practice(s) saklto/saweso ceremoniali=am ceremonialis aRsruleba,kultmsaxureba
~ purpose sakulto/saweso daniSnuleBis
~ritual
~
rituali
~space
~
sivrce
~ spread kultis gavrceleba
64
cultic adj sakulto
cultivate(d)(ion) v adj n miwis damuSaveba,
moyvana raimesi, xvna
swidden ~ saaxoe meurneoba
cultural adj kulturuli
~affinity kulturuli msgavseba/siaxlove
~break
~
wyvetili
~debris
~
naSTebi
~environment ~ garemo
~formation zone kulturia CamoyalibeBis adgili
long ~ sequence sqeli ~ fena
culturally adv kulturulad,kulturis
TvalsazrisiT
culture n kultura
material ~ materialuri ~
culture=culturize(see acculture) v gakultureba
cultured=culturuzed adj gakulturebuli
cumbersome adj mouxeSavi,mZime,uxeSi
cumulate(ion) v n raimes grovad Sekreba
cumulative adj erToblivi
cuneiform adj solisebri
~ characters lursmuli asoebi
in ~ lursmulad
~ script lursmuli damwerloba
coniferous n adj wiwviani xe/xis
cup n finjani
~ bearer n meriqife,mwde
bleeding ~ sisxlis gamosaSvebi WurWeli
~ board n ganjina,WurWlis karada
communion ~ ziarebis WurWeli
culellate v liTonze amoWril figuraSi
sxva liTonis Casxma
cupid n kupidoni
cupidity n angareba
cupola(see dome) Fr. n gumbaTi,raime sagnis Tavi
~ like adj gumbaTisebri
cupped hand n peSvi,muWi
cupro-nickel n adj melqiori(s)
curacy n mRvdlis xarisxi
curative adj ganmkurnebeli,gamajansaRebeli,samkurnalo
curb n lagmis tuCqveSa jaWvi,lagmiani
aRviri
cure n v mkurnaloba,gamojanmrTeleba,
gankurneba
~ by the touch gankurneba SexebiT
curia n kuria
curiosity n cnobismoyvareoba/wadili
curious(ly) adj adv ucnauri/ucnaurad,ara
Cveulebrivad
curl n v kululi,xveuli,xvia; (da)xveva
curle(d) adj xveuli, xuWuWi Tma
~ up v dagrexa,dagrexili
curlicue adj rTuli,saocari,ucnauri,CaxlarTuli
curly adj xveuli,xuWuWi
currant n adj mocxari, Ribes spp. Lat.
black ~ Savi ~
~ nigrum Lat.
red ~ wiTeli ~
~ rubrum Lat.
currency n adj fulis brunva,valuta/savaluto
~ bar
fuli-zodi
in ~ fuli mimoqcevaSi
current n adj dineba,nakadi; axlandeli,
Tanamedrove,raime mimdinare erTdroulad ramesTan,tradiciuli,
winamdebare (mag. naSromi)
sth is ~ mimdinareobs/xdeba raRac;
kvlav/jer kidev)ixmareba/xmarebaSia
back ~ ukudineba
~ indication of sth (aSkara) dasturi rami
sa
pass ~ fulis/monetis gamoSveba
~ state of sth mimdinare viTareba,arsebu
li mdgomareoba ramisa
sth seem ~ Cans(raRac)farTod moixmareba
~ tender sagadasaxado erTeuli
currently adv amJamad,axla,raime erTdroulad ramesTan,mudmivad
curriculum/curricula n sing/pl Lat. swavlisa
da Sromis ganvlili gza
~ vitae (BrE)(cf.resume) SromiTi (avto)biografia
curse n v SeCveneba,wyevla
~ by bell,book and candle eklesiidan gankveTa
cursed adj dawyevlili,SeCvenebuli
cursory adj arasistemuri,dauxvewavi,zere
le,zedapiruli
~ assessment zedapiruli Sefaseba
~ glance at sth Tvalis Sevleba rameze
~ manner dauxvewavi manera
~ nature zerele buneba/xasiaTi
cursorily adv bundovnad,zereled
curtail(ment) v n Semokleba,Semcireba,CamoWra
curtain n farda
65
curvator(see curving) n simrgvale
curve(d) v n adj (mo)kecva/Runva,(amo)kveTa qvaze/xeze,CuqurTmis Wra; nakeci,gzis mosaxvevi,CuqurTma; (amo)zneqili/zurguli,(mo)kecili/Runuli,moCuqurTmebuli,CaWrili
=cuma recta ~ =sinuous profile grexili
batiyela
~in one piece raimes gamokveTa erTi mTliani naWrisgan
~ into v amoRrueba
~ inwards v SeRunva,CaRunva
pollen ~ mtvrianebis mrudi
curver n CuqurTmis mWreli
(in) curves adv wriulad
curving(see curvator) n simrgvale
curvilinear adj grexilxazovani,talRovani,talRisebri,xveuli
~house mrudxazovani saxli
~pattern
~
ornamenti
cushion n baliSi (sawolSi)
cusp n axali mTvare,rkali,raime sagnis wvetiani Sverili,mrudis moxris/
ori mrudis gadakveTis wertili
custodia/custodiae n sing/pl Lat. dacva,SenarCuneba(cecxlis),luqi
custodian n mzrunveli,meurve,muzeumis
meTvalyure
custody n dacva,meurveoba
custom n adaTi,Cveva/Cveuleba,wesi=rituali
become ~ v Cveulebad qceva,wesad da
mkvidreba
in ~ (s) of… (raime) stilSi
customary adj adaTebrivi,aRiarebuli,Cveuli,wesad aRiarebuli
customs and mores
wes-Cveulebani
cut n (ga)naseri/naWeri,gadanaWeri,ganivkveTi,Wrili
adj gaWrili,daWrili,dakuTxuli,dawaxnagebuli,Tlili
v (ga)Wra,daserva,dawaxnageba,(wa)Tla/
kveTa,Rarva,(Se)yelva/Wra
~ abruptly short by v moulodneli/
swrafi Sewyveta ramis keTebis
~ away v gadaWra,mokveTa,CamoWra,wakkveTa
~ down trees and bushes v gakafva
~ in/into v gaWra,CaWra
~ in metal/stone v liTonze/qvaze kveTa
~ glass n adj broli(s)
~ off v (Camo)Soreba/Wra
~ out v (g)amoWra,(amo)kveTa
~short v aRkveTa raime moqmedebis
~through v kveTs/Wris mag.mdinare qeds
cutler n danis mkeTebeli ostati
cutter n Wdis damsmeli
cutting adj ger mWreli(mag.piri);Wra,Wrili velze
~ out n amonaWeri
cyathus/cyathi n sing/pl Gr. kiafosi
cycle n cikli
productive ~ sawarmoo cikli
cyclic adj cikluri
cycling adj. Ramis damuSavebis cikluri
wesi
cylinder n cilindri (sxeuli)
low ~ dabalcilindruli
cylindric(al) adj cilindruli
cyma/cymae n sing/pl Lat. batiyela
~ recta n swori ~
~ reversa n rvianis formis ~
cymatium/cymationi n pl Lat. kimaTionebi=qimationebi
cymatium/cymation n sing/pl Gr. kimaTia=lilvaki
cymatium n sing. Lat. kimaTioni=qimationi
cymbal n TefSebi (sakravi)
cymbalo n winwila
~
cypress n adj kiparisi(s)
Cyzicus n kiziki (fuli)
D
dado n zeZirkveli,paneli,cokoli,kvarcxlbekis kubi bazasa da karnizs
Soris,svetis baliSi
Daedalian/Daedalic adj gonebamaxviluri,
CaxlarTuli,rTuli,absurduli
da(e)mon n demoni,macduri,avi suli
drive/exocise ~ avi sulis gandevna
malignant ~ avi/mavne suli
regular ~ namdvili eSmaki
dagger n satevari
cranked ~ muxliani ~
double/two-bladed ~ (or)lesuli/fxiani
double handled ~ saorxelo ~
flamy-shaped ~ alisebri ~
leaf-like ~ foTlisebri ~
one piece casting ~ mTlianadsxmuli ~
pointed/sharp ~ saCxvleti ~
ribbed ~ qediani ~
short ~ mokle ~
sickle-like ~ namglisebri ~
66
stubbing/thrusting ~ saZgerebeli ~
sword-like ~ xmlisebri ~
unfluted ~ uSaSaro ~
~ with arched blade morkaluli ~
~ ~ (a) chute(s)/flute(s) SaSariani ~
~ ~ composite/sectioned handle Sedgeniltariani ~
~ ~ cut end bolokveTili ~
~ ~ wide rib farTeqediani ~
dagger adj satevris
~ blade ~ piri
~ butt ~ taris dasamagrebeli adgili
~ chute/flute ~ SaSari
~ edge ~ mWreli piri
~ midrib ~ qedi
~ handle ~ satare/tari
~ ~ buff ~ xis tari
~ ~ double funnel-shaped ~ orkapa ~
~ ~ filigree/open-work ~ dafanjruli~
~ ~ flange
~ taris kide
~ ~ haft
~ satare Sverili
~ ~ halve ~ saxeluris Tavi ~ ~
top ~ saxeluris Tavi/taris qudi
~ ~ hilt ~ tari=xelis Casavlebi adgili
~ ~ hob ~ taris mili
~ ~ hole ~ satare xvreli
~ ~ plug-shafted/socketed ~ masriani
Rru tari
~ ~ rivet-hole/perforation ~ samanWvle
naxvreti
~ ~ V-perforation ~ samkuTxa samanWvle naxvreti
~ ~ with a pair of scales ~ firfitebdakruli tari
~ pommel
~ kexi
~ ricasso
~ vada
~ shaft ~ satare Sverili
~ ~ top ~ saxeluris/taris Tavi
~ shoulder ~ mxari
~ staff ~ vada,masriani Rru tari
~ tang ~ yunwi
daily adj adv dRiuri/sayoveldReo; dRiurad/dRisiT
~ life/routine
yoveldRiuroba
dais n baqani
dale n veli=dablobi,veli mdinariT
down ~ adv dablobSi
deliver me (from sth) mixseni,ufalo!
dam n v zRudari=uReli,kaSxali,saZgidi,Zgide,jebiri; wylis dagubeba/gadaketva, sagubari
damage n v zadi,ziani,dazianeba,nakli;
gafuWeba,dazianeba,dazaraleba,
zarali
damaged adj dazianebuli=nakluli nivTi/xelnaxlebi samarxi
damb adj yru
damn(ed) v adj dagmoba/dagmobili,dawyev
la/dawyevlili
damnation n gmoba,wyevla
dandelion n adj babuawvera(si)
danger n safrTxe,saSiSroeba
under ~ adv safrTxis qveS
dangerous adj saSiSi,SiSis momgvreli
dangling adj Tavisuflad kiduli
dare v gabedva
daring(ly) adj adv gabeduli/gabedulad,
Tamami/Tamamad,laRi/laRad
Darius/Darii n sing/pl Lat. dariki(moneta)
dark(en) adj v bneli,muqi; dabneleba,gamuqeba/damuqeba
be in ~ arcodna,gaurkvevlobaSi yofna
darkness n sibnele
darn(ed) v adj dakemsva/dakemsili
dart n isari/soli=xuroTmoZRvruli detali
dash n mokle xazi,tire,Strixi
dashes n pl minarevebi(mag.TixaSi)
datable adj daTariRebisaTvis vargisi=
is, risi daTariRebac SeiZleba
sth is more readily ~ raRac ufro
(advilad)TariRdeba
date n dro,TariRi,kalendris ricxvi
absolute ~ absoluturi TariRi
approximate ~ miaxloebiTi ~
closely ~ ~ zedmiwevniT ~ ~
ascribe the ~ daTariReba=TariRis mikuTvneba
assess/assign ~ TariRis gansazRvra/
dadgena
~can be placed… TariRi SeiZleba Cajdes…
change the ~ TariRis Secvla=gadaTariReba
comperative ~ SedarebiTi TariRi
confirm(ation) (of) ~ v n TariRis dadastureba raime masaliT/faqtiT
corresponds… TariRi Tanxvdeba(emTxveva,modis,Seesabameba)
disputable/disputed ~ sadao
~
early ~/earlier in ~ adre(uli) TariRi(T)
equivalent ~ erTnairi ~
~ in ~ Tanadrouli=erTnairi ~
67
erratic ~ meryevi/cvalebadi ~
establish ~ for… TariRis gansazRvra/
dadgena
exact ~ zusti TariRi
~falls in/within the period… TariRi eqceva
(modis,faravs,jdeba)…
fixed ~ dadgenili/mtkice TariRi
foundation ~ raimes daarsebis TariRi
in ~ TariRiT/TariRis mixedviT…
in ~ sth falls in… TariRi(T) Tavsdeba/
Tanxvdeba
incline of the ~ TariRis gadaxra
~ ~ to the… TariRi ixreba ...ken
late in ~/later ~ gviani TariRi(T)
~ lies… TariRi modis/faravs...…
~ ~ within the cinfines of… TariRi jdeba
(sa)zRvrebSi…
pivotal ~ amosavali TariRi
precise ~ zusti TariRi
provide/provision of ~ TariRis dadgena
push back ~ TariRis gadaweva ukan/daZveleba
~ rangs from…in…TariRi meryeobs ...dan…
...mde
~ ~ from…to… ~ Tavsdeba …dan...mde
relative ~ SefardebiTi ~
reliable ~ sando ~
rough ~ zogadi/winaswari ~
rounded ~
damrgvalebuli ~
~runs into following (N period of time) TariRi gadadis momdevno periodSi
secure ~ sando/myari TariRi
~spans TariRi vrceldeba/faravs...
starting ~ amosavali/sawyisi ~
sth gives ~ raRac iZleva N TariRs
uneasy about ~ gaurkvevloba TariRiTan
mimarTebaSi
date v daTariReba
~around…TariRdeba daaxloebiT...
~ before the close of th N cent/mill ~ sauk/
aTaswl.dasasrulis wina xaniT
~ by late in the cet/mill. ~ N sauk/aTasw.
dasasruliT
~ by archaeological context ~ arqeoleogiuri kompleqsis mixedviT
~comes from…TariRdeba ...dan
~ to the same time ~ imave droiT
seem to ~ to/by ~ TiTqos unda TariRdebodes…
dated adj daTariRebuli
~admittedly sandod/saerTo aRiarebiT
~ by sb
~
vinmes mier
~ by/to TariRdeba…
~ ~ ~ around N ages
~ daaxloebiT
N xanebiT
~by some artifact ~ raime nivTiT
~ ~ feature ~
~
niSniT
~by/to early ages ~ adreuli xanebiT
~ ~ ~ late ~
~ gviani
~
~ ~ ~ middle ~ ~
Sua
~
~ ~ ~
~ late ~ ~ gviani Sua ~
can(may/might) be ~ SeiZleba(albaT/
savaraudod) daTariRdes…
~ ~ ~
be ~ as far back as N cent/mil.
SeiZleba(albaT/savaraudod)daTariRdes iseTi adreuli xaniT rogoricaa...…
~ ~
~
be ~ as late as… SeiZleba
(albaT/savaraudod) DdaTariRdesDD
DD
iseTi gviani xaniT rogorica…
firmly ~ by/to TariRdeba zustad/myarad
~ from… TariRdeba...…
~ ~ onwards aqedan moyolebuli
mostly ~ umetesad/ufro TariRdeba...…
ostensibly ~ savaraudod TariRdeba...
roughly ~ zereled/winaswarulad ~
securely ~ saimedod/myarad ~
tentavily ~ miaxloebiT,savaraudod ~
~to… TariRdeba...
~to early/late ~ adre/gvian...
~ to no later than… TariRdeba araugvianes…
~ within cent/mill. ~ sauk/aTaswl. Soris periodiT
date(s) n adj finiki(s)
dates from v TariRdeba/miekuTvneba…
~ from between the turn of cent/mill. ~
sauk./aTaswlwulebis mijniT
dateshaped adj daTariRebuli
dating n TariRi(daTariReba),daTariRebuli
absolute ~ absoluturi ~
cross ~ jvaredini daTariReba
sequence ~ Tanmxvedri TariRi
sth corresponds to some ~ raRac Sesabamisia raRac TariRisa
sth supports the ~ TariRs amyarebs...…
typology ~ tipebis mixedviT daTariReba
varve ~ daTariReba fenebis mixedviT
adj damTariRebeli
~ event
~ movlena
~ indication ~ niSani/gamovlineba
68
Zeba,gamoCena,dawyeba
day n dRe
All Saints' Day yvelawmindis dRe
~ break n gariJraJi
in sb's ~ vinmes(mag.ilias)dros
~ off n dasvenebis=uqme dRe
~ light n dRe,dris sinaTle
modern ~ dRevandeli,Tanamedrove
one ~ erTxelac...…
present ~ dRevandeli
to this ~ dRemde,aqamde,Tanamedroveveobamde
days of one's prime
vinmes pirvelobis
xana
dazzle v dabrmaveba,daCrdilva,Seferva
dazzling adj didebuli,Tvalwarmtaci,gamaognebeli,TvalismomWreli
deacon n diakvani
dead n adj micvalebuli=gansvenebuli;
mkvdari
it is a ~ fish amaoa=aqedan araferi gamo
va
deadline n ramis Sesrulebis bolo vada
deadlock n Cixi
deadly nightshade n adj ZaRlis pitna(mc)
deal n raRacis nawili,sakmaod bevri
a good ~ didi raodenoba/wili
~ with v azris gaziareba,ganxilva,urTierToba,ganicado rame
~with sb/sth v urTierToba vinmesTan/
Ganxilva ramis
dealing n ger qceva,Camorigeba
be ~ with sth saqme gvaqvs...…
we are ~ with… saqme gvaqvs...
dealings n pl urTierTobebi…
dear adj sanukvari,Zvirfasi
dearly adv siyvaruliT...
~ bought victory Zviri/Zvirfasi gamarjveba
~ loved
Zalze sayvareli/Zvirfasi
adamiani
dearth n simcire,moTxovna/moTxovnileba
death(see die) n daRupva,sikvdili
~ mask micvalebulis saxis anatvifri
deathbed n sasikvdilo sareceli
deathly adj samariseburi
debasement n gaubraloeba
debatable adj sakamaTo
debate n v ganxilva,kamaTi
arose a ~ kamaTis wamowyeba
hot ~ cxare kamaTi
matter/subject of ~ ganxilvis/kamaTis
~ inscription ~ warwera
~ item ~ nivTi/sagani
~ significance ~ mniSvneloba/damaxasiaTebeli niSani
adj daTariRebuli(raRac periodiT)
~ after the middle of… ~ Sua xanebis
Semdgomi periodiT
~ before the middlr of… ~ Sua xanebamde periodiT
~ from TariRdeba/daTariRebuli
~ ~ the beginning of N cent/mill. ~ N
sauk/aTasw. dasawyisiT
~ ~ between the turn of the cent/mill. ~
N-N sauk/aTasw. mijniT
~ ~ the N cent/mill. or even N cent/mill. ~
an N sauk/aTasw. an ufro N sauk/
aTasw.
~ ~ the 1st half/part of the N cent/mill. ~
N sauk/aTasw. I naxevri
~ ~ the 1st(2nd,3rd,4th) quarter of the N
cent/mill. ~ I(II,III,IV) meoTxediT
N sauk/aTasw.
~ ~ last quarter of the N cent/mill. ~ N
sauk/aTasw. bolo meoTxediT
~ ~ the late N cent/mill. or early N cent/mill.
~ N sauk/aTasw. boloTi, an N sauk/
aTasw. dasawyisiT
~ ~ the later half/part of the N cent/mill. ~
N sauk/aTasw. meore naxevriT
~ ~ the mid N cent/mill. ~ N sauk/aTasw.
SuaxanebiT
~ ~ (at) the turn of… TariRdeba mijniT.
~ roughly contemporaneous… ~ TiTqos Tanadrouli periodiT/TiTqos Tanadroulia
~ to the end/fall of the N cent/mill. ~ N sauk/
aTasw. boloTi/dasasruliT
~ to the two middle quarters of the N cent/mill.
~ N sauk/aTasw. Sua ori meoTxediT
~ to the same time ~ imave droiT,rac…
datum/data n sing/pl Lat. monacemi,cnoba
~ base/sheet n monacemTa baza
~ coincide/are consistent monacemebi
emTxveva
~ rely upon… monacemebi eyrdnoba…
stratigraphic ~ stratigrafiuli ~
unsufficient ~ Seusabamo ~
daub v Selesva,wasma
daughter n qaliSvili=gogo(na) Svili
daunting adj saSiSi,gamaognebeli,rTuli
dauntless adj uSiSi,uSiSari
dawn n prep. v ganTiadi,ciskari;gamoRvi-
69
Tema/sagani
debilitate v awon-dawonva,yoymani,dasusteba
debitage n maragi=debiti
debris n pl (Camo)naSali,nayari,namsxvrevebi,nangrevebi
debt(or)[ see credit(or)] n vali; movale=
visac vali aqvs aRebuli)
decagon n adj aTwaxnagi(sxeuli),aTwaxnaga
decapitate(see burial) v Tavis mokveTa
decapitation n adj Tavis kveTa,TavmoikveTili
decay n v dasasruli=kvdoma; gaxrwna,
gafuWeba,gaqroba,daknineba,aRgva pirisagan miwisa,mzis Casveneba,lpoba,
(Ca)kvdoma,daviwyebas mieca,Caikarga
~ into v damcroba(mag. qalaqisa
soflad),daknineba
decayed adj aRgvili,gamqrali,gafuWebuli,gaxrwnili,dakninebuli,
damcrobili,dampali,Camkvdari
deceased n adj micvalebuli,gardacvlili
deceitful(ly) adj adv veraguli/veragulad,
moRalaturi/moRalaturad
December n dekemberi=apnisi=tirisdeni=qristeSobisa
decide(d) v adj gadawyveta/gadawyvetili,gadawyvetilebis miReba
deciding adj gadamwyveti,gadamWreli,
mTavari
~ vote gadamwyveti xma
deceive v gandgoma,motyueba,Ralati,
ndobis gacrueba
decipher(ed)(ment)[see decode(d)] v adj
n gaSifvra/gaSifruli
decision n gadawyvetileba,dadgenileba
~ making body gadawyvetilebis mimRebi jgufi
decisive adj gadamwyveti,gadamWreli
~ blow
~
dartyma
~ point
~
mniSvnelovani
sakiTxi
~ ~ to explain sth gadamwyveti ram
ramis asaxsnelad
decboard n iatakis ficari
deckboards n pl ficris iataki
declare v aRiareba,gamocxadeba
~ against the King moiTxovo mefis
Camogdeba
decline(d) v adj acileba,gaqroba/gamqrali,dasruleba,dacema/dacemuli,uar
yofa/uaryofili,(Ca)kvdoma/mkvdari
declining days daisi,bolo/mimwuxris dRe
ebi
~ years siberis wlebi/mixrwnileba
declivity n daRmarTi
decode(d)[see decipher(ed)] v adj amokiTxva/amokiTxuli,gaSifvra/gaSifruli
decorate(d) v adj gawyoba/gawyobili,mokazmva/mokazmuli,morTva/morTuli,
Semkoba/Semkuli(Semkobili),saxiani,
ornamentirebuli
decoration(see design,motif,ornament,pattern)
n morTuloba,Semkuloba,ornamenti,
ornamentacia,samkauli
applique ~ zoli-ornamenti
architectural ~ xuroTmoZRvruli samkauli
bas-relief ~ dabali reliefi ~
body ~ samkauli,sxeulis moxatva
chanelled ~ daRaruli ~
exterior ~ gare morTuloba
false relief ~ cru reliefi ~
herring-bone ~ grigala/Tevzifxuri ~
interior ~ Sida morTuloba
light/low relief ~ msubuqi reliefi ~
mode of ~ ornamentis saxe
~ of applique cordon(s) amoburculi zoli
naWdevebiT
~ of gathers naoWebis ~
~ of hatchered triangles badisebri rombebis ~
~ of lock rings wreebis ~
~ of pressed band amoRaruli sartyeli
opulent ~ mdidruli(rTuli/uxvi) ~
pittied ~ fosoebiani ~
plain/simple ~ martivi(sada.Zunwi) ~
relief ~ reliefuri ~
relief-work ~ maRali reliefis ~
rippled ~ talRisebri ~
rusticated ~ CxiriT gakeTebuli ~
sophisticated ~ mdidruli/rTuli ~
stamped ~ datvifruli/natvifri ~
decorative adj ornamentuli
~art ferwera
~ pieces ornamenti,samkauli
decrease v dacema,dacxroma,(Ca)kvdoma,
kleba,interesis ganeleba,Semcireba
~ of production warmoebis kvdoma
decreased adj daklebuli,damcxrali,ganelebuli interesi,Semcirebuli,
Camkvdari
decree n v eklesiis/mefis brZanebuleba,
70
~ one’s position vinmes azris dacva
defended adj daculi
defender n damcveli=damcavi
defer v saqmis gadadeba
deficiency n ukmarisoba,nakleboba
defile(see ridgeway) n gza xeobaSi
defile(d) v adj dabinZureba/dabinZurebuli,SebRalva/SebRaluli,Semusvra/
Semusruli,ganadgureba/ganadgurebuli,wabilwva/wabilwuli
defilement n wabilwva
define v gansazRvra,SemuSaveba,ganmarteba,gamocalkeveba,dadgena ramis
~by sth ramis mixedviT gansazRvra
~ a method meTodis SemuSaveba
defined adj gansazRvruli
less ~ nakleb gamokveTili
not ~ ganusazRvreli
defining adj ganmsazRvreli
definite adj aSkara,gadamWreli,garkveuli,
zusti
definited adj gansazRvruli
definitely adv aSkarad,garkveviT,zustad,
TvalnaTliv
definition n gansazRvreba,ganmarteba,defi
nicia
add further ~ naTels xdis,matebs gamomsaxvelobas
~ publication yovlismomcveli gamocema
definitively adv aSkarad,zustad,naTlad,
mkveTrad,pirdapir
deflesh v micvalebulisTvis xorcis mocileba
deforest(ation) v tyis gaCexva,gaSiSvleba
deform v formis Secvla,damaxinjeba
deformed adj damaxinjebuli,(forma)dakarguli/Secvlili
deformation n deformacia
artificial ~ xelovnuri ~
by hardening/tempering ~ ~ wrTobisas
liniar ~ grZivi ~
natural ~ bunebrivi ~
permissible ~ dasaSvebi ~
premidiated ~ ganzrax ~
shrinking ~ gaciebisas ~
size ~ moculobiTi ~
skull ~ Tavis qalas ~
unpremeditated ~ uneblie ~
~ in life time sicocxleSi ~
deformity n deformirebuloba
deft(ly) adj adv daxvewili/daxvewilad,
ostaturi/ostaturad
dekreti; brZanebulebis gamocema
decrepit(ude) v adj n gacveTa; gadaxCuebuli; gacveTiloba
decumenus maximus Lat. mTavari quCa
dedicate v eklesiis kurTxeva,miZRvna
dedicated adj erTguli,Tavdadebuli
~ to miZRvnili vinmesadmi, taZari/naSromi vinmes saxelze
dedication n miZRvna
deduce v Tvalis gadevneba
deduct(ion) v n daqviTva
deed n v sigeli,gujari,iadgari,Canawegmiroba; anderZis datoveba
~ box n sabuTebis Sesanaxi yuTi
safe conduct ~ dacvis sigeli
title ~ sigeli
deeds n pl gmirobani
good/bad ~ keTili/boroti saqmeni
deem v adv mofareba,CrdilSi moqceva,
mofarebulSi,CrdilSi
deem under v miCneva,CaTvla
deemed by sth adj dafareli,miCqmqluli
deep adj adv Rrma(d)
~ in to adv Rrmad, Signi
~ prehistory Soreuli warsuli
~within (territory) qveynis siRrmeSi
deepen(ed) v gaRrmaveba,CaRrmaveba/CaRrmavebuli
deeper n adj cicxvi; ufro Rrmad
deeply adv Rrmad,Zalze
~ingrained Rrmad fesvgadgmuli
deepness n sisqe,siRrme,kulturuli fenebis sisqe=sixSire
deeprooted adj fesvgadgmuli,fexmokidebuli
deer n sing. only iremi
Giant ~=Megalaceros Lat.giganturi iremi
defeat(ed) v adj damarcxeba/damarcxebuli,Zleva/Zleuli,imedebis msxvreva,ramis gauqmeba
defect n danaklisi,nakli,zadi,xarvezi
defence v (Tav)dacva
~ against v dacva ramisgan
defencibility n daculoba
defencible adj is,risi dacvac SeiZleba,
vinme,visac Tavis dacva SeuZlia
defencive adj damcavi,(Tav)dacviTi
~ wall damcavi kedeli/galavani
defend v gamoqomageba,dacva
~ from against attack Tavdacva Tavdasxmisgan
~ a thesis disertaciis dacva
71
muli,Camorigeba/Camorigebuli,Camo
tareba/Camotarebuli
Deliver me from sth RmerTo! mixseni...…
delivery n darigeba,Camorigeba
Deluge (the) n warRvna (bibl)
deluted adj gazavebuli siTxe
delve into v Cafloba,CaRrmaveba,CaZirva,
Txra,Zebna
defunct adj gardacvlili,micvalebuli,
gamqrali,ararsebuli
defy v brZolaSi gamowveva,daumorCileb
loba,gadaulaxavi sirTuleebis
Seqmna vinmesTvis
degenerate(d)(ion) v adj n gadagvareba,dak
nineba; gadagvarebuli
degrade(d) v adj gadagvareba/gadagvarebuli,daqveiTeba/daqveiTebuli
degree n done,kuTxis gradusi,xarisxi
~ of acceptance aRiarebis done
to some ~ raRac xarisxiT
to such a ~ imdenad,rom…
university ~ samecniero xarisxi
varying ~ cvalebadi xarisxi(T)
deification n RvTaebad qceva
deify v
~
~
deity n RvTaeba (warmarTuli)
protective ~ mfarveli RvTaeba
delay(ed) v adj gadadeba/gadadebuli,dayovneba/dayovnebuli,Seneleba,Seyovneba,Seferxeba
delete(d)(ion) v adj n ganadgureba/ganadgurebuli,amoSla/amoSlili,siidan amoReba,CuqurTmis/warweris waSla
delf=delfth(see faience) n adj faiansi(s)
deliberate adj auCqarebeli,awonil-dawonili,winaswar ganzraxuli
deliberately adv ganzrax,gangeb,Segnebulad,sagangebod,auCqareblad,
frTxilad,windaxedulad
~ mutilated ganzrax damaxinjebuli
delicacy n daxvwiloba,sikoxtave
delicate adj daxvewili,mSvenieri,msubuqi,
norCi,sifrifana,delikaturi
delicately adv koxtad,mSvenivrad
~ worked daxvewilad/mSvenivrad damuSavebuli
delicious(ly) adj adv mSvenieri,mSvenivrad
delight n v aRtaceba,gancxroma,sixaruli
delighted adj aRtacebuli,madlieri,madlobeli,gaxarebuli
delightful(ly) adj adv mSvenieri/mSvenivrad,
warmtaci
delimit(ed) v adj gamijvna/gamijnuli
~ by sth gamoyofili,gamorCeuli ramiT
delineate(d) v adj Semoxazva,Semoxazuli,
sakiTxis gamokveTa,xazgasma
deliver(ed) v adj ganawileba/ganawilebuli,darigeba/darigebuli,ganawileba/ganawilebuli,gadacema/gadace-
demand(for) n v moTxovna,moTxovnileba
sth in ~ moTxovnileba rameze
demarcate/demarcation v n gamoyofa,Semo
xazva
demarcated adj gamoyofili,Semoxazuli
demeanor=demeanour n saqcieli/qceva
demi… pref naxevari/naxevrad
demigod n naxevradRmerTi
dendalion n adj babuawvera(si)
denial(see deny) n uari
demic adj xalxTa
~ diffusion ~ Sereva
demise n v uZravi qonebis gadacema anderZiT,taxtis gadasvla memkvidreze,gardacvaleba,taxtze uaris Tqma
memkvidris sasrgrblod
political ~ politikuri anderZi
premature ~ udroo gardacvaleba
demolish(ed)(see raze) v adj (da)ngreva/
/ngreuli,miwasTan gasworeba/
gasworeba/gasworebuli,uaryofa/
uaryofili,Semusvra/Semusruli
demolition n uaryofa,miwasTan gasworeba,
ngreva,musvra
demon(see daemon) n demoni
demonstrate(ed) v adj Cveneba/naCvenebi,war
modgena/warmodgenili/warmoCena/
warmoCenili,gamofena/gamofenili
conclusively ~ bolomde warmoCena
demonstration n gamofena,gamoxatuleba,
gamovlineba,Cveneba
demote v daqveiTeba samsaxurSi
denarius/denarii n sing/pl Lat. denari
denote(d) v adj gamoxatva/gamoxatuli,aRniSvna
dense(ness) adj n simWidrove,sixSire
density n simWidrove,susqe,sixSire
bone ~ Zvlis simtkice/gamZleoba
~of population mosaxleobis simWidrove
densly adv mWidrod
~ populated ~
dasaxlebuli
dentalium shell n eSvis formis niJara
dentated adj dakbiluli
72
dented adj CaWyletili
denticle/dentil n kbilana
denticulate(d) v adj dakbilva,dakbiluli
denude(d) v adj gadarecxva/gadarecxili,
gaSiSvleba/gaSiSvlebuli
denudation n gadarecxva,gaSiSvleba
deny(see denial) v uaryofa,uaris Tqma
~ sth the character of sth Camoacilo raimes rame niSani
depart(ed) v adj gardacvaleba,gardacvlili
departure n gamgzavreba,gardacvaleba
department n ganyofileba,sammarTvelo,
uwyeba
depend v daqvemdebareba
dependable adj saimedo, sando
dependence n damokidebuleba vinmeze/
rameze
depended adj damokidebuli ~ ~
dependent adj damokidebuli
inter ~ erTmaneTze/urTierT damokidebuli
depending on… damokidebuli rameze..,
ramis mixedviT
dependent upon sb/sth adj damokidebuli
on model gadmoRebuli raRacidan/
saidanRac
depict(ed) v adj asaxva/asaxuli,gamosaxva/
gamosaxuli,gamoxatva/gamoxatuli,
gamoZerwva/gamoZerwili(saxis),warmosaxva/warmosaxuli
depicting adj gamomsaxveli/amsaxveli
depiction n gamosaxuleba,gamoxatuleba,
suraTi
~in details dawvrilebiT/detalurad
aRwera/gamosaxva
depletion n amowurva,gamofitva,gaukacrieleba
deplore v gamotireba,sinanuli
deploy(ment) v n saqmianobis gamarTva,
jaris gaSla
depopulate(d)(ion) v adj n mosaxleobisgan dacla/daclili,gaukacrieleba/gaukacrielebuli
depose v gadayeneba Tanamdebobidan
Deposit(ion) v n jvridan gardamoxsna
deposit n v naRvenTi,Sre; Cadgma(mag.samarxSi),Camarxva,dakrZalva,dafeneba,raime wiaRiseulis maragi,sabado
deposited adj Cadgmuli,Camarxuli,dakrZaluli,dafenebuli,danaleqi
~ on the site raime dadasturebuli
Zeglze
deposition n ganlageba,dafeneba
deposits n pl madani,madniT mdidari
qanebi,wyaro ramis,naSTi,
axo=karieri
depredations of sb Zarcva,dataceba,xalxis
amowyveta,qveyanaSi SeWra,gamanadgurebeli Tavdasxma
depression n Rrmuli,CaRrmaveba
deprecate(d) v adj gafuWeba/gafuWebuli
deprive(d) v adj xelyofa/xelyofili,warmeva,akrZalva,uflebis CamorTmeva
~ of (re)sourse wyaros daxSoba
depth n siRrme
in the ~ of… siRrmeSi...…
pierce to the ~ of… siRrmeebSi SeRweva/wvdoma
spade's ~ barispiri(siRrme)
depthness n siRrme
depute v vimes Secvla=movaleobis Sesruleba
deputy n magieri=droebiTi Semcvleli
~ director direqtoris moadgile
derivation n nawarmoebi=warmoebuli(minabaZi/sityva)
derivative n minabaZi,warmoebuli(sityva)
derive(d) from v adj warmoeba/warmoebuli,
warmoSoba raRacisgan(mag. prototipidan),gamomdinare raRacisgan
descend to v daSveba zevidan qveviT,modis/momdinareobs,warmoiSva...
~ from the Cross gardamoxsna
~ upon sth daSveba/Camosvla daRmarTze/kibeze
descendent n ramis warmomadgeneli,STamomavali,momdevno Taobebi
descended from… STamomavlobiT...…
descending adj daRmavali,momdinare(winapridan)
descent n v Camosasvleli; daSveba,Camovla,Camomavlobis,warmomavlobis,
sagvareulos wevri,muxli gvarSi,
wyaro,memkvidreobis gadacema,titulis gadasvla
~ relationship gvariT naTesaoba,Camomav
lobiT(i)
describe(d) v adj asaxva,aRwera/aRwerili,
daxasiaTeba/daxasiaTebuli
description n aRwera=aRweriloba
descriptive adj aRwerilobiTi
desert(ed) n v adj udabno; gaudabureba/
gaudaburebuli.gaukacrieleba/gaukacrieleba,mitoveba/mitovebuli
deserve v damsaxureba ramis,Rirsi ra-
73
mis
sth ~ special interest raRac imsaxurebs/
iwvevs interess,sagulisxmoa
~ ~ to be taken seriously raRac imsaxurebs/Rirsia seriozuli midgomis/yuradRebis
design(see decoration,motif,ornament,pattern)
n ornamenti(s), saxe
aquatint(biting,etching) ~ liTonze amoWmuli ornamenti
artless ~ sada,Zunwi ~
band ~ sartyeli
~
band and chevron ~ lentur-Sevronuli
~ like
lenturi ~
band-like zigzag ~ lenturi zigzagis ~
band stamp ~ lenturi ~
bead(ed) ~ cvara ~
belt ~ sartyeli ~
bucranium ~ xaris Tavis ~
canal ~ Rari ~
carefully worked-out ~ daxvewili ~
cauliculus/cauliculi ~ totisebri ~
chased/incised ~ amokveTili ~
chased and incised ~ amokveTil-amoRaruli
chase(ing)=embosse(ing) ~ wina mxridan
naWedi ~
chequered=chess ~ Wadrakuli ~
comb-stamped ~ savarcxlisebr natvif
ri
comb-shaped dotted ~ savarcxlisebrtilovani ~
comb-shaped stream-like ~ savarcxlisenakadebis ~
cross-hatched ~ badura ~
curlicue ~ xviebis ~
curved ~ CaWrili ~
curve-liniar=curvilinear ~ talRisebri ~
dotted broken-line ~ wertilovan-texili
double spiral/volute ~ ormagxvia ~
egg/ovolo ~ kvercxisebri ~
entwined vegetation ~ mc,wnulis ~
face ~ saxis gamosaxulebis ~
figural ~ figuruli ~
fillet/listel ~ nawiburis/wibos ~
finger-nail/nail-shaped ~ frCxilisebri ~
floral ~ mcenareuli ~
fluting ~ gofrirebuli ~
foil/leafy ~ foTliani ~
fret ~ badura ~
guilloche ~ wnuli ~
humble ~ ubralo,mokrZalebuli,sada
impressed ~ daWdeuli ~
liniar ~ xazovani ~
liniar and punctured ~ xazovan-wertilovani ~
liniar-cut ~ xazovan-nakveTi ~
liniar frieze ~ xazovani frizis ~
liniar-meander ~ xazovan-meandruli ~
lobster claw lobe ~ kiborCxalis sacecisebri ~
mat ~ daxlarTuli ~
naturalistic ~ naturalisturi ~
~ of boxes of strips xazTa konebis ~
~ ~ butterfly triangles peplisebri ~
~ ~ comb-shaped stamps savarcxlisebri
natvifri ~
~ ~ distinct jabs wyvetili xazebis ~
~ ~ interlacing circles erTmaneTSi Caxveuli wreebis ~
~ ~ leafy tendril foTlovani xviis
liniar ~ xazovani ~
~ ~ recessed band CaWdeuli sartylis
penannular ~ wreebis ~
perforated ~ daCvretili/naCvretebiani
pestil ~ butkosebri ~
pointilee=likewise pointilee ~ wertilovanis msgavsi ~
punctate ~ wertilovani ornamenti
rectilinear geometric ~ sworxazovangeometriuli ~
reposeè=repossage ~Weduroba furclis
ukana mxridan=dabali relief
representational ~ ornamenti,romelic
yvelaze xSiria
reticulated ~ rombuli xveulebis ~
rhombi ~ rombuli ~
rich ~ mdidruli ~
rippled ~ gofrirebuli ~
running spiral/volute ~ zanuri xviebis ~
rusticated ~ TiTiT gakeTebuli ~
simple ~ martivi/sada ~
stepped ~ safexuredi ~
stone built ~ qvis wyobiT gamoyvanili ~
tendril ~ grexili ~
textile ~ qsovilis ~
trophy ~ meomris javSnisebri ~
white filled pointillè ~ TeTrad amovsebuli
wertilovani ~
wreathened ~ grexili ~
design v dagegmareba,daproeqteba,Sedgena,SemuSavebaSeqmna,Camoyalibeba
~ a plan gegmis Sedgena/SemuSaveba
in ~ adv formiT
74
~ on sth Canafiqri
~ to conform ro… ramis Seqmna ramis
Sesabamisad
designate v gamoxatva=Tqma,moniSvna,Semo
xazva,gansazrvra,dadgena
~ as… aRniSvna/ganszRvra rogorc...…
~in terms of excavated materials gansazRvRa gaTxrili masalis mixedviT
~ role rolis gansazRvra
use sth to ~ sth ramis gamoyeneba ramis gamosaxatavad
designated adj moniSnuli,gansazRvruli
designation n dasaxeleba,moniSvna,saxelwodeba
designer n Semqmneli,modeliori,xuroTmoZRvari
disintegrate(ion) v n sazogadoebis daSla
desirability n sasurveloba,xelsayreloba
desirable adj sasurveli
desire(d) n adj survili,sasurveli
desk n merxi
desk-set n saweri mowyobiloba
desolate(d)(ion) v adj n gapartaxeba/gapartaxebuli,mitoveba/mitovebuli
despatch=dispatch v n gagzavna
~as infants bavSvobaSive daxocva memkvidreebis
despise v dawuneba,zizRi,siZulvili
despite sth miuxedavad raRacisa
despote (of sth) prep miuxedavad raRacisa
destill(ed) v adj gamoxda/gamoxdili(mag.
spirti)
destination n daniSnulebis adgili
destiny n bedi(swera),wili,xvedri
destroy v mTlianobis (da)ngreva/rRveva,
ganadgureba,daRupva,daSla,Semusvramospoba,angreva,gafuWeba
destroyer n mngreveli
destruct(ion) v n daRupva,ngreva,rRveva,ganadgureba
~level dangreuli fena
ritual ~ ritualuri ngreva
destructive(ly)(ness) adj adv n daamangreveli,damangrevlad,destruqciuloba
desultory adj arasistematuri
detach v qvis/qvidan Camomtvreva
detached adj Tavisuflad/calke mdgomi
~ point
~
~
sayrdeni
detail n v detali,nawili; gamoyofa
in ~ (s) adv detalurad,dawvrilebiT
in fine ~ adv gamowvlilviT
detailed adj zusti,dawvrilebiTi
detain v vinmes/ramis Sekaveba,Seyovneba,
dayovneba,dakaveba=dapatimreba,dagvianeba ramis
detect(ion) v n aRmoCena,povna,Zebna
detectable adj is,rac advilad SeiZleba
aRmoCndes
deteriorate(d)(ion) v adj n dazianeba/dazianebuli,gauareseba/gauaresebuli,gacveTa/gacveTili;stilis/
mis gauareseba/gaqroba,ganeleba,
rRveva
determination n gansazRvra,gansazRvreba,
gadawyvetileba,dadgena,gadamwyveti,mizanswrafuloba=mimar
Tuleba
determinative adj ganmsazRvreli,gadamwyveti,damdgeni
determine v gansazRvra,garkveva,ganpirobeba,dadgena
determined adj gansazRvruli,ganpirobebebuli,dadgenili
not ~ adj gaurkveveli,daudgeneli,ucnobi
dethrone(ment) v n mefis Camogdeba taxtidan
detour n gzis asaqcevi,SemovliTi gza,
Semosavleli
devastate(d)(ion) v adj n ganadgureba,gapartaxeba,xalxisgan dacla(gawmenda,mitoveba); gaukacrieleba/gaukacrielebuli.mitovebuli adgili
devastating adj gamanadgurebeli
develop(ment) v n ganviTareba,Seqmna
~ further Semdgomi/Rrma ganviTareba
intellectual ~ sulieri ganviTareba
~ the idea azris ganviTareba/gamoTqma
~ a photo foto firis dabeWdva
developed adj ganviTarebuli
highly ~ adj maRalganviTarebuli
developing adj mimdinare(ambavi),ganviTarebadi
developmental adj ganviTarebiTi,ganviTarebiTi
developments n pl movlenebi
device(see devise) n gamosaxuleba,gamoχxatvis xerxi,,kompozicia,gegma,nakeToba,proeqti,stilisturi xerxi,sqema
devil n tyis kaci,eSmaki
devise(d)(see device) v gakeTeba/gakeTebuli,gamogoneba/gamogonebuli,dap
roeqteba/daproeqtebuli,SemuSaveba/SemuSavebuli,Seqmna/Seqmnili
devoid of sth raime moklebuli rames
75
(mag.Rirsebas)
devoid of sth arqona ramis,moklebuli ra
mes,Tavisufali ramisgan,Seubrale
beli
devote(d) v adj miZRvna
~ much care to zrunva,yuradRebis
mipyroba
~ to naSromi miZRvnili raime sakiTxisadmi
devotee n marTlmorwmune
devotions n pl locva
Devout (the) n adj mesvete, RvTismosavi
dew n adj nami(s),cvari(s),cis manana/mananis
diaconat(e) n diakvnoba=diakvnebi(adamianebi)
diadem n diadema
diadochoi n Gr. diadoxosi
diagnostic adj ganmsazRvreli,damaxasiaTebeli Tvisebebi,ganmasxvavebeli
momaswavebeli,niSandoblivi
~ event/item ganmsazRvreli(damTariRebeli,maniSnebeli) movlena/sagani
diagrammatic adj sqematuri
dialect n kilo(kavi)
diameter=dia n diametri
cross ~ ganivi ~
inner ~ Sida ~
longest/maximum ~ udidesi ~
longitudinal ~ grZivi ~
medium ~ saSualo ~
minimum/smallest ~ umciresi ~
outer ~ gare ~
diametrical cross siganeze
diametrically adv diametrulad
~ opposite
~
sapirispiro
diarchy n orxelisuflebianoba
diary(see cattle) n dRiuri
Diaspora n ebraelTa gabneva/gafantva
diaspora n dasaxleba,diaspora
dice n pl only kamaTlebi
roll the ~ koWis gagoreba vinmesTvis
dictate(d) v adj karnaxi/nakarnaxevi(ramiT/
vinmes mier),brZaneba/nabrZanebi
dictator(ial)(ship) n adj n diqtatori,diqta
toruli,diqtatura
dictionary(see vocabulary) n leqsikoni
dictum/dicta n sing/pl Lat. gamonaTqvami,
mosazreba,aforizmi
didrachma/didrachmae n sing/pl Lat. didraqma (moneta)
die(see death) v daRupva,sikvdili
~ away v gaqroba=Sewyveta,Cakvdoma
~in short order gaqra/Cakvda erTmaneTis
miyolebiT
~ out v amowydoma(gawydoma,gadaSeneba,
kvdoma) xalxis
deification n gaRmerTeba
deified adj gaRmerTebuli
diefy v gaRmerTeba
diet n sakvebi,dieta,kveba
v dietis dacva
core of sb’s ~ mTavari/ZiriTadi sakvebi
dietary n ZiriTadi sakvebi
differ v gansxvaveba,gamorCeva
~ from sth ~
raRacisgan
~ ~ each other/one another ~ erTmaneTisagan
~in degree xarisxiT gansxvaveba
~in quality
TvisebebiT
~
~ in time droiT/drosi gansxvaveba
difference n gansxvaveba,sxvaoba
little ~ odnav/mcire sxvaoba
~ in sth sxvaoba raRacaSi
show ~ avlens/Cans sxvaoba(s)
different adj gansxvavebuli,sxvadasxva
at ~ location sxvadasxva adgilas
~hands in work sxvadasxva xelobis adaMianebis Sroma
little ~ odnav gansxvavebuli
markedly ~ aSkarad gansxvavebuli
sth ~ to sth raRac gansxvavebuli raRacisgan
sth of ~ purpose
~
daniSnulebis
~ opinion/points of view
~
azri/
Sexeduleba
differentiate(d)(ion) v adj n gamorCeva,gamocalkeveba,gansxvaveba,gadarCeuli,
danawilebuli,danawevreba
~ sth from sth gamorCeva ramisa ramisgan
differing adj gansxvavebuli
~ in sth
~
ramiT
difficult adj rTuli,Zneli
face ~ sirTulis/siZnelis winaSe
make sth ~ by sth saqmis garTuleba ramiT
~ to determine Znelia/Wirs dadgena/gansazRvra
~ to establish/fix Zneli(a) mosagvarebemosagvarebeli/mosagvareblad
difficultness n sirTule
difficulty n sirTule,siZnele,gasaWiri
with ~ adv gaWirvebiT,Zlivs,Znelad
76
diffuse(ion) v n gaSla,gavrceleba,SeRweva
dig v barva,(ga)Txra,dafvla,damarxva,Camarxva
~ into v miwaSi CarWoba,Casma,Cadgma
~ on v gaTxrebis gagrZeleba
~ out v amoTxra
digging ger adj Txra,saTxreli
~ stick saTxari
dignitary n maRali sazogadoeba=warCinebulni
~ of church eklesiis warCinebulni
dignity n Rirseba,Rirsebis grZnoba
digress(ion) v n sxva Temaze gadasvla,Temidan gadaxveva
dike=dyke n jebiri
dilapidated adj daZvelebuli,dromoWmuli,
Zalian Zveli
dilapidation n dromoWmuloba,siZvele
dilema n dilema
horns of ~ dilemis marwuxebi
dill=Anethum graveolens n adj cereco(si)
dilute v gazaveba xsnaris,Sesusteba ramis,sisxlisgan dacla
dimension(s) n pl zoma, zomebi
~ from…to… zomebi(T) ...dan…...mde
diminish(ed) v adj damcroba/damcrobili,
Semcireba/Semcirebuli,interesis
ganeleba/kleba
diminishing adj klebadi
diminute v gaqroba
diminution in sth kleba ramis
diminutive n adj kacuna; mcire/susti
~height dabali
diocesan adj saeparqio
Diophysit n adj diofiziti
dip n v Rrmuli,Cafloba,CaZirva,Cadeba
~into slip mowernaqeba
diplomacy n diplomatia
deft ~ daxvewili/ostaturi ~
dipper n CamCa
dipstick n nelsacxeblis/wamlis amosaRebi fiTxi
dipteral adj dipteruli
dipteros n orfrTiani arseba
diptych n diptixi
dire adj avismomaswavebeli
direct v (war)marTva,saqmis warmoeba,mecn.
kvlevis xelmZRvaneloba,mimarTva
ramisa raime mimarTulebiT
adj pirdapiri,swori,sworxazovani,
uSualo
in/not ~ arapirdapiri
direction n mimarTuleba,marTva,warmarTva
from/to every ~ yvela mxridan/mxares
in the ~ of sth ramis mimarTulebiT
under the ~ of sb vinmes xelmZRvanelobiT
directed adj mimarTuli raime,warmarTuli saqme
downward ~ qveviT mimarTuli
inward ~
Signi
~
opposed ~ erTmaneTisken ~
outward ~
gareT ~
upward ~
zeviT ~
directional adj mimarTuli
directly adv garkveviT,pirdapir,uSualod
~ for the use of sth raimes gamoyeneba pirdapiri daniSnulebiT
sth points ~ to sth raRac pirdapir miuTiTebs raRacaze
director(ate)(y)(see deputy,president) n xelmZRvaneli=direqtori=reJisori=
diriJori, mmarTveloba,sammarTvelo,raime cnobari dalagebuli
anbanis mixedviT
Directorate n direqtoria
directorial adj directiuli
dirge n panaSvidi,samglovisro galoba
dirth n WuWyi,sibinZure
dirty n binZuri,WuWyiani
disadvantage(s) n v sirTule=siZnele=
winaaRmdegoba; nakli,nalkovaneba
(ni),xelis SeSla
disagree(d)(ment) v adj n ar daTanxmeba=
winaaRmdegoba; SeuTanmebeli,Seusabamo,SeuTavsebeli; gaugebroba,gaurkvevloba,ganxeTqileba,azrTa
sxvaoba,uTanxmoeba,SeuTanxmebloba,
Seusabamoba
disaggregate(ion) v n daSala,dacalkeveba
danawileba
disallow v aukrZalo vinmes rame,wahgvaro
vinmes ramis ufleba
disappear(ance)(ed) v n adj gaqroba, gamqrali
disappoint(ed)(ment) v n adj imedis gacru
eba=imedgacrueba; imedgacruebuli
disapprove v ar daTanxmeba,ukmayofilebis gamoxatva
disapprovingly adv uaryofiTad,ekmayofilod
disarticulate v gabneva,danawileba,daSla
~bones/remains areuli Zvlebi/narCenebi,danawevrebuli
77
disaster n gansacdeli,ubedureba,katastrofa
filtrate with ~ ubedurebis ganeitraleba
disastrous adj damRupveli
disavow v ganagdo (mag. macduri,eSmaki)
disc=disk n disko
discard n v wuni,dawuneba
~ entirely uaryo raime gadaWriT/Tavidanve
discend v modis,momdinareobs
discendent n STamomavali
discent n warmomavloba
discern v gamorCeva,garCeva,ganWvreta,SemCneva,gamoyofa,gamocalkeveba
~ from v ramisgan gamoyofa
discerned adj gamorCeuli,gamoyofili
discernible adj Zlivs dasanaxi/SesamCnevi
discharge n v wyalsaqcevi; gaTavisufleba,gamarTleba(braldebulis),dab
la daweva,damcroba,dacema,samsaxuridan daTxovna,ramis Semcireba
discharged adj daTxovnili,gaTavisufle
buli,gamarTlebuli,damcrobili,dabla daweuli,Semcirebuli
disciple n qristes mowafe/mimdevari,moqceuli
discipline v mowesrigeba
discolor(ate)(ion) v n gauferuleba,feris
Secvla
discontinue(see continue) v Sewyveta
discontinuity n (Se)wyveta
discord(ance) v n ganxeTqileba,gaugebroba,azrTa sxvaoba,ukmayofileba,Se
usabamoba
discount(ed) v adj (fasis) dakleba,SeRavaTi,daklebuli,daknineba,gaiafeba
sth to be ~ as… raRac araa mxedveloba
Si misaRebi
discover(ed)(er)(y) v adj n aRmoCena/aRmoCe
nili,aRmomCeni, aRmoCena
discrediting adj arasando
discrepancy n gadaxra,Seusabamoba,gansxvaveba,uTanxmoeba
discrete adj dacalkevebuli,locvaSi gar
Tuli,realobas mowyvetili,Sori=
mowyvetili,aramdgradi/wyvetili
discretely adv aqa-iq,nawilobriv
descriptive adj aRwerilobiTi
discus/disci(see disc) n sing/pl Lat. badro,
disko
~ thrower n badros mtyorcneli
discuss(ed)(ion) v adj n kamaTi/ganxilva;
ganxiluli
sth under ~ ganixileba(axla),sakamaToa
disentangle v gamoxsna,gamoTavisufleba,
kvanZis gaxsna
disgrace(ful) n adj sircxvili samarcxvino
dish n langari,TefSi, kerZi(romelime)
disheveled adj ajagruli,fafarayrili,
jagaraSlili
dishonour n v damcireba,vinmes upativcemloba
dishonoured adj damcirebuli
disinability n uunaroba
disintegrate(ion) v n daSla,danawevreba,
daqucmaceba
disinterest(ed)(ly) adj adv uangaro(d)
disinterred(d) v adj miwidan amoTxra/amoReba,amoTxrili/amoRebuli
dislike v dawuneba,ar mowoneba
dislocate(d)(ion) v adj n ramis gadaadgileba,gadanacvleba,adgilis Secvla
~ land Camowolili miwa
dismantle(d) v adj gaSiSvleba/gaSiSvlebuli,gaSla,safaris axda/moSoreba,SemoZarcva,tanT ganZarcva/ganZarvuli,fardaaxdili,cixis ganiaraReba,dangreva,moxsna ramis
dismember(ed) v adj danawevreba/danawevrebuli,nawilebad dayofa/dayofili
dismiss(ed) v adj gaTavisufleba/gaTavisuflebuli,daTxovna/daTxovnili
disorder(ed) n v adj areuloba,areulobis
xana,uwesrigoba; areva/areuli
disparate adj gansxvavebuli,nivTebi,romeTa Sedarebac SeuZlebelia,Seusabamo