PT PLN (Persero)

PT PLN (Persero)
State-Owned Electricity Company of Indonesia
CENTRALISED PHOTOVOLTAIC
DEVELOPMENT POLICY IN
INDONESIA
By Winner Sianipar
Presented in
Information Seminar
“Decentralised Photovoltaic Solar Power in Indonesia”
EKONID-eclareon GmbH
Munchen, Germany, 12 May 2015
PT PLN (Persero)
Introduction
PT PLN (Persero)
PLN‘s Service Area by Region
Eastern Indonesia Region
Sumatera Region
Java Bali Region
PT PLN (Persero)
Corporate structure
 8 Directorates
 37 Divisions level
PT PLN (Persero)
consists of :
(Holding)
PT Indonesia Power
Electricity Generation
PT Pembangkitan
Jawa Bali
Electricity Generation
PT PLN Geothermal
Geothermal Energy
Generation
Note: Excludes Joint Ventures
PT Indonesia
Comnets Plus
Telecommunications
for the Electricity
Sector
PT Prima Layanan
Nasional Enjiniring
Engineering and
Construction Services
 36 Business Unit
 6 Unit of Support
PT PLN Batam
PT PLN Tarakan
Regional Fully
Integrated Electric
Utility
Regional Fully
Integrated Electric
Utility
PT PLN Batubara
Coal Supplier for
PLN
PT Pelayaran
Bahtera Adhiguna
Majapahit Holding
B.V.
Shipping Activities
Financial Institution
PT Haleyora Power
Electricity Supplier
PT PLN (Persero)
Corporate structure
BOD
PRESIDENT
DIRECTOR
8 DIRECTORS
37 DIVISIONS
PLN REGIONALS
Note: Excludes Joint Ventures
CONSTRUCTION & NEW ENERGY and RE DIRECTOR
NEW ENERGY & RENEWABLE ENERGY DIVISION
UNIT OF SUPPORT
PT PLN (Persero)
CURRENT CONDITION
PT PLN (Persero)
Electrification Ratio - national
84,0%
80,4%
74,3%
62,4%
63,8%
2008
2009
76,2%
66,5%
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
PT PLN (Persero)
Electrification Ratio – by region
RIAU, 61,15%
NATIONAL
JAMBI, 61,87%
PLN (%)
KALBAR 69,25%
TOTAL (%)
NAD, 89,11%
BABEL, 80,96%
82.0
64.84
84.00
72.79
KALTIM, 70,84%
SULUT, 80,38%
SUMUT, 87,34%
GORONTALO, 62,92%
SULTENG
63,69%
SUMBAR, 76,40%
EAST REGION
MALUT, 63,82%
PAPUA BARAT,
62,34%
PAPUA, 30,48%
SULBAR
47,22%
BENGKULU,
78,26%
KALTENG, 58,79%
SUMSEL, 68,18%
DKI, 99,99%
LAMPUNG, 72,89%
SULTRA 57,54%
KALSEL, 80,86%
SULSEL 77,15%
BANTEN, 87,85%
JABAR, 79,53%
JATENG, 85,72%
DIY, 80,52%
MALUKU, 67,57%
BALI, 77,93%
JATIM, 79,21%
NTB, 63,40%
NTT, 48,30%
PT PLN (Persero)
Why should develop Renewable Energy?
• A high potential of varies energy resources (hydro, geothermal,
biomass , solar, sea and wind) but has not been optimally taped
mainly for electricity.
• Archipelago countries with a high electricity national demand growth,
5 (five) provinces have electrification ratio less than 60% and
thousands islands/area without access electricity
• Generated power in the remote areas mostly by diesel power plant,
means expensive and susceptible fuel supply
• Trend of cost reduction and efficiency improvement on RE
technologies
• Policy and target decision to increase the role of renewable energy
PT PLN (Persero)
Renewable Energy Potential Resources
No
Type of Energy
Potential
1
Geothermal
29,164 Mwe
2
Hydro
75,000 Mwe
3
Biomass
49,810 Mwe
4
Solar Energy
4.8 kWh/m2/day
5
Wind Energy
3 - 6 m/s
6
Sea Power
49,000 Mwe
PT PLN (Persero)
Government Policy: Increasing role of RE
Nationally Target:
• Decree of President about Energy Mix (Target of RE contribution in National
Energy Mix) is 17% in 2025
• Vision of New Energy, Renewable Energy and Energy Conservation (NREEC)
General Director 25/25 ( 25% RE contribution in 2025)
PT PLN (Persero)
PV DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM
PT PLN (Persero)
Background of Solar PV Utilisation in PLN
• Abundant, free, and anywhere “fuel” for PV power plant.
• Easy to install : accelerate electrification ratio for remote area.
• Reducing oil dependency  Reducing oil cost and increase
security supply of fuel.
• Reducing and decelerate environmental impact.
• Community education in energy consumption
• Generate and Stimulate Local Economic Activity
PT PLN (Persero)
ROAD MAP PV DEVELOPMENT
MWp/Year
50
50
45
45
40
40
35
35
35
2019
2020
2021
35
30
30
25
25
20
20
15
10
6
5
0
2015
2016
2017
2018
Year
2022
2023
2024
PT PLN (Persero)
1000 Islands PV Development Program
NAD: 44 lokasi, Sumut: 27 lokasi
7.4 MWp
6.1 MWp
Kaltim: 30 lokasi
24,9 MWp
Riau: 151 lokasi
60.1 MWp
Kalbar: 63 lokasi
40.1 MWp
Babel: 16 lokasi
35.0 MWp
Sulut, Sulteng,
Gorontalo:
39 lokasi 30.9 MWp
Maluku,
Malut:
29 lokasi 33.5
MWp
Papua, Pabar:
66 lokasi 44.9
MWp
Sumbar:
42 lokasi 7.7
MWp
Sumsel, Jambi,
Bengkulu:
6 lokasi 3.4 MWp
Lampung: 18 lokasi
2.5 MWp
Kalselteng: 96 lokasi
48.7 MWp
Sulselrabar:
17 lokasi 29.7
MWp
Jabar, Banten: 3 lokasi
1.1 MWp
Jateng DIY: 5 lokasi
0.7 MWp
Jatim: 12 lokasi
4.3 MWp
Bali: 1 lokasi 0.3
MWp
NTB: 15 lokasi
44.5 MWp
NTT: 99 lokasi
45.2 MWp
PT PLN (Persero)
Number of Location
Distribution of PV Capacity Potential
250
200
51
17
150
38
7
100
51
157
1
50
99
61
3
3
5
0
50
29
100
150
200
1
250
15
3
300
13
3
350
6
3
400
3
7
2
450
6
500
Capacity of PV-PP
HIBRID
ON GRID
OFF GRID
2
550
0
1
750
0
2
1000
PT PLN (Persero)
Scheme of PV Implementation Program
EPC SCHEME
OPERATE
Tourist Island
PV Program
- 6 locations
- 0,92 MWp)
On Grid
Off Grid
IPP SCHEME
OPERATE
Fronter
Island PV
Program
- 8 locations
-1,34 MWp)
On Grid
Off Grid
OPERATE
100 Islands PV
Program Stage I
-- 36 locations
-- 7 MWp
On Grid
Off Grid
PV-Battery
PLANNING
100 Islands PV
Program Stage II
-- 78 locations
-- 13 MWp
FUNDING
PREPARATION
“1000” Islands
-- 672 locations
-- 119 MWp
94 Locations;
19,5 MWp
Hybrid Micro
Grid.
Funded by KfW,
Germany
CENTRALISED PV HYBRID
(Hybridised Existing System)
IPP > 1 MWp
- 80 locations
- 140 MWp
PV IPP (QUOTE CAP & LOCATION)
PT PLN (Persero)
EPC: Location of PV Project by PLN
INDONESIA
-Average Solar Irradiation between 4 – 6 kW/m2 .
Most higher radiation is in Eastern of Indonesia
- Estimating, the radiation can generate energy
about 3.7 kWh/kWp/day.
RIAU&KEPRI
Location: TAREMPA
ANAMBAS Island
Capacity: 200 kWp
Status : Operation
RIAU&KEPRI
Location: MORO.
KARIMUN Island
Capacity: 200 kWp
Status : Operation
EAST KALIMANTAN
EAST KALIMANTAN
Location: SEBATIK
SEBATIK Island
Capacity : 300 kWp
Status : Operation
Location: DERAWAN Island
Capacity : 170 kWp + Battery
Status : Operation on March 2011
NORTH SULAWESI
Location : MIANGAS Island
Capacity : 30 kWp
Status : Operation on Oct 2011
EAST KALIMANTAN
NORTH MALUKU
NORTH SULAWESI
Location: BUNYU
BUNYU Island
Capacity : 150 kWp
Status : Construction
Location : MOROTAI Island
Capacity : 600 kWp
Status: Operation on April 2012
Location : MARAMPIT Island
Capacity : 50 kWp
Status : Final Construction
1.
NORTH SULAWESI
Location : BUNAKEN Island
Capacity : 335 kWp + Battery
Status : Operation on Feb. 2011
WEST SUMATERA
Location: SIMALEPET
SIPORA Island
Capacity: 40 kWp
Status : Operation
WEST SUMATERA
Location: TUA PEJAT
SIPORA Island
Capacity: 150 kWp
Status : Operation
WEST NUSA TENGGARA
SOUTH SULAWESI
Location : GILI TRAWANGAN
Capacity : 200 kWp
Status
: Operation on Feb 2011
Location: TOMIA Island
Capacity : 75 kWp
Status : Operation on May 2011
PAPUA
Location: SAONEK
RAJA AMPAT Islands
Capacity : 40 kWp
Status : Operation on Dec. 2010
MALUKU
Location: BANDA NAIRA
Capacity : 100 kWp
Status : Operation on Dec. 2010
EAST NUSATENGGARA
Location: LEMBATA
PT PLN (Persero)
IPP
5 mandatory
letters issued
7 locations
successful tender
2 determination
letter
1.
Quote Location
and Capacity
80 locations
140 MWp
5 locations
failed
1 Location signed
PPA on 9 Jan
2015
PT PLN (Persero)
JOINT OPERATION (in discussion): Ex Gov. Budget
MEMR built and Utility contributes in O&M cost .
Number of project: 5 locations @ 1 MWp
Bangka,
Babel
Pangkep, South-East
Sulawesi
Bangli & Karngasem,
Bali
Labangka, West Nusa Tenggara
PT PLN (Persero)
Solar PV Energy Market: Procedure and Price
PT PLN (Persero)
Preparation of Solar PV Market
• Encouraging the private sector (include public user) to play
a part in generating Renewable Energy
• Providing tax exemption in RE investment and transaction.
• Employing a special tariff for instance “Feed in Tariff (FiT)”
in PV generation involvement.
PT PLN (Persero)
Legal Basic
1. MEMR Decree No. 17 Year 2013: Electricity Purchasing by
PLN from Solar Photovoltaic Power Generation
2. General Directorate of NREEC Decree No.
979.K/29/DJE/2013: Quota of Location and Capacity Solar
PV Year 2013
3. PLN’s Director Regulation: No. 357.K/DIR/2014: Guidance
of Renewable Energy Power Generation Connection into
PLN’s Distribution Line.
PT PLN (Persero)
Quota Location & Capacity
MEMR Decree No. 17 Year 2013: Quote of Capacity and Location
• Applicable to capacity up to 10 MW
• The location and capacity proposed by PLN and be established by
GoI.
• The locations will be revised (updated) regarding local dynamic
condition (existing grid condition)
• Land acquisition by investor.
PT PLN (Persero)
Quota Location & Capacity
Price and Process
• The process is done by tender of prices (lowest price ).
• Tender by MEMR cq NEREEC General Director
• The price established by MEMR as price should be bought by PLN
(The purchasing is mandatory for PLN)
• The price will be fixed and premium price as the ceiling price.
- US$ ¢ 25/kWh, would be
- US$ ¢ 30/kWh (if solar module has local content ≥ 40%)
• Required guaranteed payments over a periods of years
• Concept of PPA prepared by PLN.
• IPP should submit the Yearly Energy Production Declaration
PT PLN (Persero)
RE-PP Interconnection Guidence
Interconnection Guidance
• The point of connection chosen by IPP with approval by PLN
• Solar PV-PP should be connected to 20 kV distribution line.
• Interconnection feeder length not more than 5 kmc and provided
by IPP
• IPP makes FS either pre study or detail study
• Electrical Parameter Requirement
PT PLN (Persero)
Challenges
 To create a harmonic coordination among government institution for
permits, land acquisition, land use, national productivity, etc.
 To reduce the number, complexity and duration process of permits
 To have the knowledge and expertise in solar PV technology
 To manage the system stability due to intermittent and high
fluctuation of solar PV
 To provide a sufficient infrastructure and access.
 To increase the national capacity on both skilled /expertise human
resources and institution
 To manage the difference interest between environment
sustainability and energy security (ex. Conservation area)
PT PLN (Persero)
CLOSING
 The potential of RE development in Indonesia is challenging and
promising.
 PV plays a role in rising electrification ratio.
 For remotes and small distributed islands, the hybrid of solar PV is
promising solution for electricity
 Outside Java Bali system, it is suit for small to medium scale PV (<10
MWp)
 Availibility of regulation for PV and its interconnection procedure
THANK YOU