LTE (4G) - IEEE Brasil

Transcription

LTE (4G) – O “futuro”
do celular
Luiz jose villela nogueira
network engineer
Agenda
› History
› 3Gpp evolution
› Lte fundamentals
› Ran sharing
› Market outlook
› Is coming …
OI LTE Workshop | Commercial in confidence | 2012-11-29 | Page 2
Agenda
› History
› 3Gpp evolution
– Terminology / Modulation / key features
– Architecture
– Interoperability (DATA / CSFB / SMS)
– VoLTE
– LTE In the future
› Ran sharing
› Market outlook
› Is coming …
History
› 1G FDMA (NMT, AMPS, TACS)
80’s
– Voice (analog traffic, digital signaling)
› 2G TDMA (GSM, D-AMPS, PDC) and CDMA (IS-95)
90’s
– Voice, SMS, CS data transfer ~ 9.6 kbit/s (50 kbit/s HSCSD)
› 2.5G TDMA (GPRS)
00’s
– PS data transfer ~ 50 kbit/s
› 2.75G TDMA (GPRS+EDGE)
00’s
– PS data ~ 150kbit/s
› 3-3.5G WCDMA (UMTS) and CDMA 2000
00’s
– PS & CS data transfer ~ 14-42 Mbit/s (HSPA/HSPA+), Voice, SMS
› 3.9G OFDMA (LTE/SAE)
– VoIP and Data ~ 100Mbit/s
› 4G IMT Advanced
10’s
Agenda
› History
› 3Gpp evolution
– Architecture
– VoLTE
› Ran sahring
› Market outlook
› Is coming …
3gpp evolution
› HSPA Evolution
– gradually improved performance at a low additional cost prior to the
introduction of LTE
› LTE
– improved performance in a wide range of spectrum allocations
Mobile System Evolution
› LTE is the Global standard for Next Generation – FDD and
TDD
Agenda
› History
› 3Gpp evolution
– Architecture
– VoLTE
› Ran sharing
› Market outlook
› Is coming …
Terminology
EPC
EPC - Evolved Packet Core
SAE - System Architecture Evolution
eUTRAN
eUTRAN - Evolved UTRAN
LTE - Long Term Evolution
EPS
EPS – Evolved Packet System
Modulation comparison
› FDMA Frequency Division Multiple Access (AMPS)
– each user on a different frequency
– a channel is a frequency
Power
› TDMA/GSM Time Division Multiple Access (D-AMPS / GSM)
– each user on a different window period in time (“time slot”)
– a channel is a specific time slot on a specific frequency
Power
› CDMA/WCDMA Code Division Multiple Access (W = wide) (CDMA / WCDMA)
Power
– each user uses the same frequency all the time, but mixed with different distinguishing code
patterns
– a channel is a unique (set of) code pattern(s)
User #1 scheduled
Δf=15kHz
User #2 scheduled
› OFDMA Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiple Access (DL LTE)
– Channel-dependent scheduling and link adaptation
in time and frequency domain
User #3
scheduled
› SC-FDMA Single Carrier Frequency-Division Multiple Access (UL LTE)
– with dynamic bandwidth (Pre-coded OFDM)
– Low PAPR  Higher power efficiency
– Reduced uplink interference (enables intra-cell
orthogonality )
frequency
frequency
180 kHz
Key LTE radio access
features
LTE radio access
Downlink: OFDM
Uplink: SC-FDMA
OFDMA
SC-FDMA
Advanced antenna solutions
Diversity
Beam-forming
Multi-layer transmission (MIMO)
TX
TX
Spectrum flexibility
Flexible bandwidth
New and existing bands
Duplex flexibility: FDD and TDD
1.4 MHz
20 MHz
Multi-antenna
Transmission
Radio channel
eNodeB
MISO (Multiple In Single Out)
Beam forming
Transmit diversity
Terminal
device
Radio channel
SIMO (Single In Multiple Out)
Receive diversity
eNodeB
Radio channel
eNodeB
MIMO (Multiple In Multiple Out)
All above +
Spatial multiplexing (MIMO)
Terminal
device
Terminal
device
Spectrum Flexibility
› New and existing bands
› FDD and TDD
› Flexible bandwidth
1.4MHz: 6 Resource Blocks
20 MHz: 100 Resource Blocks
Channel bandwidth [MHz]
1.4
3
5
10
15
20
Maximum Throughput [Mbps]
(MIMO 2x2)
8.8
22
36.7
73.3
110.1
150.7
Number of Resource Blocks
6
15
25
50
75
100
terminal Categories
Lte a flat architecture
CORE NETWORK
S-GW
MME
Core
RAN
Core
Controller
Controller
Iub or Abis
RAN
S1
Iub or Abis
Base Station
Base Station
2G/3G
eNB
S1
X2
LTE
eNB
Lte ran architecture
theory Involved interfaces
Mul
MME
S-GW
S1-U
S1-C
OSS-RC
X2-U
X2-C
IP connectivity
eNodeB
eNodeB
SEVERAL INTERFACES INVOLVED BUT
MAIN CONTRIBUTION IS FROM S1-UP
EPS/GRAN/UTRAN
Architecture
mobility between
gsm-wcdma-lte
The following IRAT mobility is currently supported in the Ericsson system (the
minimum released needed is indicated within the parenthesis:
•
WCDMA: between all states to GSM and to LTE in idle mode
•
GSM: from all states to WCDMA and to LTE in idle mode
•
LTE: from all states to WCDMA and GSM
PSHO
RwR to LTE
CS Fall back overview
› CS Fallback allows a LTE UE to drop back to the WCDMA or GSM network if IMS VoIP capabilities are not supported.
› CS Fallback requires the UE to fallback from E-UTRAN and rather uses either GSM or WCDMA if it must connect to the CS
domain.
› CS Fallback function is of course only possible to realize in areas where E-UTRAN coverage is overlapped with GSM and
WCDMA coverage.
› CS Fallback will always direct the UE to whichever frequency relation has the highest priority. If the same priority is
configured for multiple frequencies, the eNB will redirect the UE based on a simple Round Robin Algorithm for the load
sharing, which is the new enhancement introduced in L12A
SMS overview
› SMSoSGs is an optional feature which enables MO SMS and MT SMS to be relayed via
MME to and from the MSC/VLR. The MO SMS and MT SMS are signalled over SGs and do
not cause any CS Fallback to GERAN/UTRAN RATs, and consequently does not require any
overlapped GERAN/UTRAN coverage.
› The Network Access Server (NAS) interface is used towards the UE and the SGs interface is
used towards the MSC/VLR. MME provides a signaling relay service so that a transparent
transfer of SMS between UE and MSC/VLR is possible.
VoLTE Overview
S1
2
Service Detection (Rx)
Set up Dedicated Bearer (Gx)
{3GPP QoS Profile}
SAPC
Policy
Control
MME
IMS
3
Serving
GW
E-UTRAN
Gx
S5
PDN
Gateway
Dedicated Voice Bearer QCI=1
IMS APN
1
Default Bearer
as IMS
Bearer (QCI=5)
Default
Bearer
Default Bearer QCI8 or QCI9
Uu
(LTE)
Internet APN
Internet
S1-U
PDN = Packet Data Network
APN = Access Point Name
Voice over LTE
› Operators, especially former CDMA operators are becoming interested
in VoLTE
– Including: Verizon & Metro PCS (US), Korean Operators (SKT & LGU+),
AT&T also has expressed interest publically
› Driver is to move away from legacy networks & technologies
– Remove legacy core nodes and terminals from the network
– Drivers includes freeing up spectrum for more LTE
› Requires an IMS core
› Some RAN features are also required
– List includes: TTI bundling, ROHC (Robust Header Compression), Semipersistent scheduling, QoS capabilities, admission control etc
LTE in the Future –
Evolution!
› LTE Advanced study in 3GPP
– Start March 2008
– Expected Release 10 (2011)
› LTE Advanced => LTE 3GPP Rel 10
› Major enhancements
– Higher peak rates
– Relaying solutions
LTE 3GPP Rel 10
Higher peak rates
20 MHz
› Carrier aggregation
100 MHz total bandwidth
20 MHz
› Spectrum aggregation
20 MHz
40 MHz total bandwidth
8
› DL/UL Multi-Antenna transmission
Peak rates: 3Gbps/1.5Gbps !
4
Ericsson 1 Gbps LTE
Agenda
› History
› 3Gpp evolution
– Architecture
– VoLTE
› Ran sharing
› Market outlook
› Is coming …
Why Share Networks?
Reduced CAPEX and OPEX
• Save money on building and
operating the network
Quick start of services
• speed up roll-out
service and coverage
• faster time to market
• reduced risk of lost market
share
Address more customers
• providing more cost-effective
coverage
• earlier service availability
introduction
Shared networks
Equipment sharing
Non shared spectrum
Site Sharing
Shared
LTE RBS
Shared
LTE RBS
Shared
LTE RBS
(separate
frequencies)
(separate
frequencies)
(separate
frequencies)
Equipment sharing
Shared spectrum
Geographical
Split Networks
Gateway Core
Network
(scenario 1)
Gateway Core
Network
Multi Operator
Core Network
(scenario 2)
PDN GW, HSS,
& apps
Serving GW
MME
eNB
Cell
Operator A’s nodes or resources
Operator B’s nodes or resources
Implemented Solution
Shared nodes and resources
Control plane and User plane
Oi & TIM
User plane only
Solution would be
implemented after
ANATEL Regulation.
introduction
Shared LTE RBS Based on MORAN
› Individual Core Network
› Common Radio network
– Shared resources (baseband, radio, transmission, RBS), but
separate carriers (per operator)
– One PLMN code is allocated per operator
– All pages will be sent to both operators’ cells
– Traffic volume and most of counters observability per operator
– IP address coordination between the two EPCs is needed
– Shared certificate for IPsec tunnels
› Common O&M management
introduction
Shared LTE RBS Based on MOCN
› Individual Core Network
› Common Radio network
– Shared resources (baseband, radio, transmission, RBS,
bandwidth)
– One Carrier for both operators
– One PLMN code is allocated per operator
– Traffic volume and most of counters observability per operator
› Common O&M management
› The whole bandwidth is available to all users
independent of operator
› Needs approval from ANATEL
› FFI and Rollout in Japan
Ran Sharing around the
world
Shared
LTE RBS
(separate
frequencies)
Multi Operator
Core Network
Gateway Core
Network
(scenario 1)
PDN GW, HSS,
& apps
Serving GW
MME
eNB
Cell
• Telefonica & Vodafone, UK
•
IPSec, CS Fallback
• Oi & TIM, Brazil
•
Same DU/RA, separate cells
• Magyar Telecom & TeleNor, Hungary
• Rogers & NetCom, Canada
•
CS Fallback
• TMO & MetroPCS, USA
• eAccess & SBM, Japan
•
CS Fallback, IFLB
Agenda
› History
› 3Gpp evolution
– Architecture
– VoLTE
› Ran sharing
› Market outlook
› Is coming …
Mobile Traffic &
coverage growth
14X
Mobile data traffic for
smartphones will grow ~14
times between 2012 and
2018
50%
LTE population
coverage in 2017
LTE killer applications
› Mobile internet access
services
Live
Mobile
Video
Mobile/Portabl Cloud-Based Augmented
e gaming
Computing Reality
Emergency
Response and
Telemedicine
MOBILE INTERNET ACCESS SERVICES WILL
BE THE “KILLER 4G SERVICE”
http://www.pcworld.com/article/195500/4g_killer_apps_a_top_five.html
48 M LTE subs, Oct 2012
- 466 LTE Capable Devices
95% of all LTE subscribers are in
USA/Canada, Japan and South Korea
Europe: Western
3%
Europe: Eastern
2%
Asia Pacific
45%
USA/Canada
50%
LTE Top 10
Subscribers
(Millions)
Verizon US
16
NTT
DoCoMo
7
SKT Korea
6
AT&T US
6
LGU+ Korea 4
Korea
Telecom
3
W Europe
1,2
MetroPCS
1,2
Rogers
0,8
eAccess
0,6
90% of shipped LTE devices are SmartPhones
*Oct 2012, Source: WCIS+
LTE Leadership
First in Australia, Europe, north America,
Asia and now...South America
TeliaSonera
Sweden
DNA
Rogers
MTS
12 Roaming operators
TeliaSonera
Norway
TeliaSonera
Estonia
SK Telecom
MetroPCS
Verizon
Crick
et
Sprin
t
3 public safety
solution
contracts
Telcel
TDC
France Telecom
Bouygues UPC
T-Mobile, Hungary
T-Mobile Vodafone D2
A1
Vodafone Spain
AT&T
Swisscom
Vodafone Portugal
NET America
TIM
Optimus Portugal
Bouygues 3 Italia
STC
Operator 2
Etisalat
Omantel
Open Mobile
AT&T
Augere
UNE
LG U+
KT
Softbank
NTT Docomo
eAccess
SmarTone
China Mobile
Smart
Vivo
Claro
Oi
Tim
SingTel
Telstra
NBN
› More than 90 LTE contracts in 37 countries and 5 continents
Note: Not all contracts shown
Initial commercial LTE
Devices - 2010
Smart Phones
Dongles
TeliaSonera
Verizon
N4M
DoCoMo
AT&T
With SW upgrade
Vfe Germany
MetroPCS
Smartphones in 2011
MetroPCS Smartphones (3Q2010)
• Dual Rx CSFB
• Suspends LTE for voice call
Verizon Smartphones (1Q2011)
• Simultaneous Voice & LTE (Dual Tx / Rx)
• Handles CS voice & data simultaneously
Smartphones in Korea (3Q2011)
• CS Fallback
• Simultaneous Voice & LTE (Dual Tx / Rx)
LTE Eco system Demos @
MWC12
Smartphones
Tablets
Routers/FWT
Modems
CAT 4
modem
TDD
TDD
TDD
TDD
>40 Million LTE
SMARTPHONES
Verizon
South
Korea
at&t
Europe
90% of shipped LTE devices are
Smartphones
IPHONE 5S/5C
Support for both FDD and TDD LTE
http://www.apple.com/iphone/LTE/
Iphone 5 models
› GSM model A1428
–
–
–
UMTS/HSPA+/DC-HSDPA (850, 900, 1900, 2100 MHz)
GSM/EDGE (850, 900, 1800, 1900 MHz)
LTE (Bands 4 [2100 MHz] and 17 [700 MHz])
NA and LATAM markets
(AT&T, Rogers, Bell/Tellus)
› CDMA model A1429
–
–
–
–
CDMA EV-DO Rev. A and Rev. B (800, 1900, 2100 MHz)
GSM/EDGE (850, 900, 1800, 1900 MHz)
LTE (Bands 1 [2100 MHz], 3 [1800 MHz], 5 [850 MHz], 13 [700 MHz],
25 [1900 MHz])
- CDMA operators
(Verizon, Sprint, KDDI, KT)
- SR-LTE perf.
enhancement
› GSM model A1429
–
–
–
GSM/EDGE (850, 900, 1800, 1900 MHz)
LTE (Bands 1 [2100 MHz], 3 [1800 MHz], 5 [850 MHz])
› 802.11a/b/g/n Wi-Fi (802.11n 2.4GHz and 5GHz)
› Bluetooth 4.0 wireless technology
Refarm GSM 1800
high end on LTE
Global Smartphone
Shipments Q2 2012
Samsung
32%
Apple
17%
Nokia
7%
HTC
6%
Sony
5%
…
* Source: Strategy Analytics, August 2012
World Roaming
› Number of LTE frequency
bands supported in LTE
devices
– 2010: Single band LTE
– 2011: 2 – 3 bands LTE
– 2012: 4 – 5 bands LTE
›Potential Roaming bands
–
–
–
–
EU - B7[2600] B3[1800]
Asia, Australia - B3[1800]
Latam - B4[AWS], B7[2600]
Korea, US, Japan - B5[850] / B26
[850], B3[1800]
– Within North America - B4 [AWS],
B5[850], B2/25 [1900]
Global roaming over WCDMA and GSM
LTE Roaming on its way
spectrum for mobile
broadband
Regional mainstream hspa & lte deployments
Europe
Base: 2100 & 900
New: 2600, 1800 & 800
North America
Base: 850, 1900, US700 & AWS
New: 2600
Japan
Base: 2100, 1700, JP850
New: 1500 & refarm
2012+: 900 & APT700
Latin America
Base:
850 & 1900
New:
AWS & 2600
2012+: 2300 & APT700
MEA
Base: 2100
New:
1800, 900 & 850
2012+: 2600, APT700
APAC
Base: 2100
New: 2300, 1800, 900 & 850
2012+: 2600 & APT700
opportunity for LTE TDD in 2.3 & 2.6 GHz bands – same FDD/TDD Equipment
http://www.teleco.com.br/4g_brasil.asp
http://exame.abril.com.br/tecnologia/noticia
s/brasil-chega-a-400-mil-acessos-4g-emagosto
http://www.decisionreport.com.br
/publique/cgi/cgilua.exe/sys/start.
htm?infoid=14913&sid=12
Agenda
› History
› 3Gpp evolution
– Architecture
– VoLTE
› Ran sahring
› Market outlook
› Is coming …
Improve macro
Add small cells
Densify macro
SEAMLESS USER EXPERIENCE EVERYWHERE
› 5G radio access is an integrated set of technologies addressing a wide variety of use cases and
requirements

LTE (4G) - IEEE Brasil

Transcription

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