Pollution Reduction in Selangor and Klang River System

POLLUTION REDUCTION IN SELANGOR &
KLANG RIVER SYSTEM
NORFAEZAH SHAMSUDDIN
Engineer
SELANGOR WATERS MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY
(SWMA)/
LEMBAGA URUS AIR SELANGOR (LUAS)
EAS CONGRESS 2009, MANILA
25th NOVEMBER 2009
Area : 7, 955 km2
Population : 4 million
Districts : Gombak, Hulu Selangor,
Kuala Selangor, Kuala Langat, Hulu
Langat, Sabak Bernam, Klang,
Petaling, Sepang.
Peninsular of Malaysia
CONTENTS :
Background of SWMA
Pollutions in Selangor & Klang River
Impact of pollutions
Approaches
Linkaging and Harmonizing between river
and coastal management
Conclusion
BACKGROUND OF SWMA
Selangor Waters Management Authority or its
acronym, SWMA/LUAS is a one-stop agency
for the management of water resources, river
basin, water bodies, ground water and
coastal waters in the State of Selangor.
It was established under the Selangor Waters
Management Authority Enactment 1999
pursuant to the approval of the Selangor
State Legislative Assembly on 9 April 1999.
SWMA OBJECTIVES
To ensure the water resources and environmental surrounding
is in a manageable and sustainable condition
To undertake the function of planning, research, facilitator,
coordinator, operation, enforcement, supervision in the
development of an the integrated management of water
resources and environment
To provide an environment that is conducive for public and
private sector participation in the development, utilization and
management of water resources
To create the public awareness and the participation of the
public on the importance of water resources
WATER RESOURCES IN SELANGOR
rivers and coastal waters
ground waters
lakes and ponds (alternative resources)
PERAK
SG BERNAM
SG TENGI
PAHANG
SG SELANGOR
T
LA
SE
SG BULOH
KA
LA
ME
SG KLANG
SG LANGAT
KUALA
LUMPUR
PUTRAJAYA
NEGERI
SEMBILAN
SG SEPANG
RIVER BASINS MAP IN SELANGOR , RIVER ACROSS BORDER AND BETWEEN BORDER IN SELANGOR
7
WITH OTHER STATES
STATE’S COASTAL
OIL SPILL
OIL SPILL
EARTHWORK
POLLUTIONS
LOGGING
AQUACULTURE
RECREATION
INDUSTRIES
NAVIGATION
MINING
SAND MINING
SOLID WASTE
POLLUTIONS
SQUATTERS
LIVE STOCK
AGRICULTURE
SOIL EROSION
STP’S
WATER
POLLUTION
SOURCES
ENVIRONMENT
IMPACTS OF
POLLUTION
ECONOMY
OTHERS
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
Solid waste in rivers causes deterioration in the water
quality .
River sand mining occur:
a. a) increasing sedimentation and water pollution
downstream
b) degradation of riverbed
c) riverbank and riparian vegetation
d) changes in hydraulic profile
RIPARIAN
VEGETATION
RIVERBED
DEGRADATION
SEDIMENTATION
ECONOMY IMPACTS
Solid waste can reduce aesthetic value especially for
recreation and tourism
Cleaning and restoration is much more expensive than
applying measures of prevention
Polluted water would also cause depletion of aquatic life
and subsequently create a potential loss of fisheries and
aquaculture business and recreational fishing
TOURISM
RECREATION
LOSS OF
FISHERIES
OTHER IMPACTS
Water pollution can cause water borne diseases such as:
1) Arsenicosis;
2) Cholera and
3) Leptospirosisis.
WATER BORNE
DISEASE
Water disruption may also happen because of pollution in
the water bodies.
WATER
DISRUPTION
IRBM
ESTABLISHMENT OF
PLANNING &
DEVELOPMENT
UNIT
APPROACHES
INLAND
NAVIGATION
LICENSING
WRITTEN
APPROVAL
RAW WATER
ABSTRACTION
LICENSING
QUA-QUA
INTEGRATED
ENFORCEMENT
APPROACHES
INTEGRATION
MANAGEMENT
BETWEEN RIVER
AND COASTAL
PUBLIC
AWARENESS
RIVER BASIN TASK
FORCE
THEMECHANISM
MECHANISMOF
OF
THE
POLLUTIONMONITORING
MONITORINGPROGRAM
PROGRAM
POLLUTION
LUAS
ININLUAS
IDENTIFYTHE
THEPOLLUTION
POLLUTIONSOURCES/
SOURCES/
IDENTIFY
COMPLAINT
COMPLAINT
StateGovernment
GovernmentMeeting
MeetingCouncil
Council
State
(MMKN)
(MMKN)
SITEVISIT
VISIT
SITE
StateEconomic
EconomicAction
ActionCouncil
Council
State
(MTES)
(MTES)
SELANGORRIVER
RIVERPOLLUTION
POLLUTIONCONTROL
CONTROL
SELANGOR
TASKFORCE
FORCE
TASK
MEETING
MEETING
PREPARINGTHE
THEPROGRESS
PROGRESSREPORT
REPORT
PREPARING
MTESPAPER
PAPER//BOARD
BOARD
//MTES
INTEGRATED ACTION
ACTIONBY
BY
INTEGRATED
ALLRELEVANT
RELEVANTAGENCIES
AGENCIES
ALL
SELANGOR RIVER
RIVERBASIN
BASIN
SELANGOR
MANAGEMENTCOMMITTEE
COMMITTEEMEETING
MEETING
MANAGEMENT
LINKAGING AND HARMONIZING BETWEEN RIVER AND COASTAL MANAGEMENT
• Malaysian river basins and coastal zones are the most productive ecosystem in the country :
1) houses majority of the population (human & natural activities)
2) represents a unique environment – requires special attention in its
planning, development and management
• IRBM and ICM had been treated as a separate entity previously.
• Unplanned and uncoordinated development of river basin and coastal zone can lead to the
degradation of river and marine ecosystems health and this can be attributed to the
management of the land and coastal zone as a whole.
• The IRBM and the ICM are essentially deal with the integrated management of river basin
and coastal zone as a single interactive entity.
• Deals with the coordinated use and management of land and water resources and other
natural resources and activities within the river basin and coastal zone, to optimize the use of
these resources in a sustainable and productive manner.
THE ICM-IRBM PILOT DEMONSTRATION SITE :
• ICM Port Klang (joint program by PEMSEAIMO-UNDP-GEF/Selangor State Government) –
was selected for this study.
• Integrating the IRBM-ICM project boundary
resulted in an expanded boundary that covers
boundaries of IRBM of two major adjoining
upstream rivers, namely the Klang and Langat
Rivers.
• Klang River (area=1300 km2) passes through
Kuala Lumpur and Klang Valley whilst Langat
River (area=2400km2) drains the Langat Basin
and both river estuaries meet at the coastal
waters of ICM Port Klang.
THE INTEGRATION AND HARMONIZATION:
• The principle of integration and harmonization involves :
Establishing smart partnership
Build shared objectives
Creating ‘win-win’ situation
Resolving conflict by negotiation
Mediation and arbitration
Cont..
• The process requires synergy amongst different sectors (government, private, NGOs, civil
society etc), different government agencies (local authorities, land administrators, fisheries,
tourism, shipping, agriculture, etc), and different levels of government (Federal, State and
Local).
• Linkages also had to be established between:
LAND
SEA
PRESENT
GENERATIONS
POLICY
SCIENCE
FUTURE
GENERATIONS
Cont..
• The urgent transitional step
is to harmonize economic development
with sustainable environmental management that includes uniting the
diverse multi-sectoral and multi-disciplinary set-ups; protection of the
environment, public safety and biodiversity; sustainable use of
resources and minimization of resource-use conflicts.
• Integration between the IRBM and ICM embodies all the above
principles.
• Harmonized legislative and institutional developments, funding
sources and mechanisms have been recognized as the basic requisite
tools for successful IRBM-ICM in the Malaysian context.
Example of linkaging and harmonizing between river and coastal in Selangor State:
INLAND NAVIGATION
FROM ESTUARIES UP
TO 40 KM TO THE
UPSTREAMS
JETTIES OPERATIONS
IN LANGAT RIVER
THESE ACTIVITIES NEED AN INTEGRATION MANAGEMENT BETWEEN DIFFERENT
GOVERNMENT AGENCIES INCLUDING SELANGOR WATERS MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY
(SWMA)
CONCLUSION
Pollution can be reduced with Supported
and coordinated through;
Organisation setup
Legal aspect
Political commitment
Technical competence