Open Source Content Open Source Content Management

Transcription

Course Mediamatics I, Autumnal Term 2008
University of Fribourg, Department of Informatics, Darius Zumstein
Open Source Content Management Systems – The Drupal Case
Open Source Content
Management Systems
– The
Case
Darius Zumstein
Information Systems Research Group
Department of Informatics
University of Fribourg (Switzerland)
1
Motivation
Definitions (Content, ECM, CMS)
Content Management & Life Cycle
Open Source & CMS
Comparison of different OS CMS
Drupal
- Naming, History, Requirements & Project Status
- Modules
- Pros & Cons
- Learning
L
i C
Curve
- Reference & Examples
Literature & Links
Discussion & Outlook

2
1
The Internet has become omnipresent and
indispensable – particulary for YOU!
The net revolutionised the media scene
In future, it will be even more important
Everyone of you WILL work with a
Content Management System (CMS) and/or
Information Systems (IS)
So YOU are in the right course
3
4
2
ECM: technologies used to capture,
capture manage,
manage store,
store
preserve, retrieve and deliver digital content and
documents related to organizational processes.
Source: partly adopted from www.aiim.org, and Schönefeld (2005) in Bruns and Meyer-Wegener (2005)
5
Structured data
Semi-structured
Unstructured
Meta data
Databases
XML-documents
Web content/text
Author, publisher
Sales numbers
RSS-feeds
Documents
Creation/publ. date
Book values
Schedules
E-Mails
y
Keywords
Perform. indicators
Handbooks
Blog, chat, …
Tags, tagging
Source: adapted from www.infoweek.ch
Departm.
Content type
Formats
Distrib. channel
Production Documents, graphs, pictures,
handbook, product description
.doc, .pdf, …
Email, web,
print, CD, DVD
Sales
Presentations, auctions,
te de s, cata
tenders,
catalogues,
ogues, …
.ppt, .doc, .xl,
Email, web, PC
XPress,
ess, InDesign…
es g
Marketing
Internet presence, exhibitions,
advertising, campaigns, films
.html/.php, audio/
video, Illustrator…
Finance
Balance sheets, accounting,
.edi, .xl, .doc, .pdf,
ordering, contracting, billing,… ERP data
Print, web,
archive
Traning
eLearning, handbooks,
presentations
CD, DVD, web 6
streaming, print
Audios/podcasts,
videos, .ppt, .pdf
Print, web, tv,
radio, mobile
Source: adapted from Schönefeld (2005) in Bruns and Meyer-Wegener (2005)
3
Content means prepared digital information
(text,
(text graphics,
graphics images,
images audio,
audio video,
video etc.)
etc )
which is offered in the Internet as well as in
the Intranet in different forms of displays
[Meier & Stormer, p. 86]
All kind of content in digital form
[Ni et al
[Nix
al. 2005]
7
Content management as a process of
- creating/editing
- structering
- administrating
- recording
- providing
- using and
g content
- archiving
…to support organizational and business
processes of a company or of an institution
8
4
Corrections
Revisions
Creation
Texts
Pictures
Videos
Audio, etc.
Retrievel
Recovery
Control
Release
Corrections
Revisions
Updates
Versioning
Publication
Archiving
Intranet
Extranet
Internet
9
The field of management responsible for the efficient and systematic control
of the creation, receipt, maintenance, use and disposition of records, incl.
the processes for capturing and maintaining evidence of information about
business activities & transactions in the form of records. (ISO 15489: 2001)
… is the electronic execution of business processes or
the support of business process management by IT and IS.
A Document Managemement System (DMS) is used to track, store,
and archive electronic/digital documents and/or images.
ICT that supports the work of groups, organizations communities and
societies, e.g. email, voice mail, VoIP, video conference, chat, blogs, wikis.
10
5
Web: publication with web technologies (HTTP, HTML)
Content: digital available textual, visual or aural content
(e.g. text, images, sounds, videos, animations)
Management: administration of content and the process
of content creation, editing, control, publication, archiving
System: (set of interacting/interdependent entities)
admin. of content is a subject to an organising principle
Characteristics and Features of CMS
- Separation of Content (XHTML) and Layout/Design (CSS)
- Definition of different roles,
roles access rights & responsibilities of users
- Frontend (what visitors/users see) and Backend (for administrator)
- Workflow & document management; different modules & plug-ins
- Content syndication: content import/export by RSS/Atom (XML)
11
Architecture of a Content Management System
Data
Prepared Content
Communication
Channels
Business
Processes
WWW
Documents
Mobile
etc.
External
Content
Editing
Content
Structuring
Data
Documents
Content
Use
Source: [Meier & Stormer 2008, p. 86]
Internal
Content
Editing
12
6
OSS = freely availlable Software (for example Linux,
Firefox, Drupal, OpenOffice, MySQL) under the licence
of the Open Source Initiative (OSI)
Criteria (10 Open Source Commandments):
1. Free redistribution of the software
2. Free source code must be included
3. Derived works under the same terms as original software
4. Integretity of the author‘s source code
5. No discrimination against persons or groups
6. No discrimination against fields and endeavor
7.
Distribution
7 Di
t ib ti off license
li
8. Licence must not be specific to a product
9. Licence must not restrict other software
10.Licence must be technology-neutral
Source: www.opensource.org/docs/osd
13
Apache (software) license (www.apache.org)
The GNU (GNU is Not Unix), and the
General Public License (GPL) (www.gnu.org)
Mozilla Public License (MPL) (www.mozilla.org)
The PHP license (www.php.net/licence)
The Python license (www.python.org)
Sun Public License (SPL) (www.sun.com)
The W3C license (www.w3c.org)
14
7
Online magazines
Bricolage
apache lenya
Typo3
eZ publish
Magnolia
OpenCMS
Alfresco WCM
Jahia
Joomla!
Plone
Mambo
Drupal
MediaWiki
Wordpress
Legend:
Java
PHP
other
Communities/collaboration
Source: adapted from www.optaros.com Netzwoche 2007)
Server
o Web server
loads .php
php-file
file
from server disk
Return of the
r generated code
p
q PHP Interpreter
.php-file and format
depending on script
HTML
(raw data)
n
Request for
.php
php-file
file
15
Client
Browser
s Response of the
generated code
(HTML, CSS, PDF,…)
Internet
CSS
(layout)
DB
Source: partly adapted from http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/PHP
16
8
Joomla!
Plone
WordPress
Source: www.ohloh.net
Drupal
Legend:
PHP
Python
JavaScript
CSS
HTML
Other 17
XML, SQL, Perl
Movable Word
Drupal Mambo Typo3
Ease of install
Learning curve
Session controll
User controll
Extensability
Scalability
Themability
◒
◒
●
●
●
●
●
●
(X)HTML/CSS
○ poor ● best
◒
◒
●
◒
●
◒
●
○
●
●
●
●
◒
○
type
◒
○
◒
◒
●
◒
●
Text
press pattern
○
○
◒
◒
○
◒
●
○
○
◒
○
○
◒
●
Source: http://www-128.ibm.com/developerworks/ibm/library/i-osource1/#fig3
18
9
Rank
OS CMS
Ø Rating
based on PHP / MySQL
1=poor, 5=best
Count
Rank
OS CMS
Ø Rating
based on PHP / MySQL
1=poor,10=best
1
Joomla!
4.24
5460
1
Drupal
6.34
2
e107
4.21
6137
2
MODx
6.31
75
3
MODx
4.22
1937
3
eZ Publish
6.30
69
4
CMS Made Simple
4.18
1974
4
PHP-Fusion
6.22
27
5
PHP-Fusion
4.09
5742
5
TYPO3
6.21
161
6
Drupal
4.02
8058
6
Joomla!
6.12
310
7
TYPO3
4.02
5303
7
e107
6.07
120
8
XOOPS
3.96
1775
8
XOOPS
5.93
107
9
eZ Publish
3 88
3.88
514
9
Xaraya
5 83
5.83
35
Count
179
10
Xaraya
3.86
1623
10
WordPress
5.79
23
11
PHP-Nuke
3.79
1907
11
Mambo
5.71
89
12
Mambo
3.77
3278
12
CMS Made Simple
5.49
31
www.opensourcecms.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=388&Itemid=184
www.cmsmatrix.org/matrix/cms-matrix?func=viewRatingDetails
19
is the overall winner of Packt‘s 2007 Open
Source CMS Award! Followed by
+
.
n = 1000
(not objective)
Source: www.buytaert.net
20
10
{Dutch}
dorp
means
village
{English}
Domain registration: spelling mistake:
dorp → drop
{Dutch}
druppel
means
drop
{English}
p
pronounces
Druplicon
D
li
∞
[Eyes: Symbol of infinity
→ unlimited possibilities of Drupal]
{English}
21
Started in 1999 by Dries Buytaert at the
University of Antwerpen (www.buytaert.net)
Current Version is 6.4
Roadmap: Drupal 7 – 2009
Open Source – GPLv2 (GNU)
PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor; 5.2)
Appache (2.X; or IIS 5/6) webserver
MySQL (4.1/5.0 or PostgreSQL 7.4)
- Oracle support is comming
- IBM is working on DB2 support
22
11

>900 developers for core & >1500 for contribution
>2000 modules
>400 themes
>800‘000 websites
>60‘000 downloads monthly
>300‘000 registered Users
#3 behind Typo3/Joomla!
>40 languages!
Afrikaans
Danish
Finnish
Icelandic
Persian
Albanian
Dutch
French
Italian
Polish
Spanish
Swedish
Arabic
Dzongkha
Galician
Japanese
Portuguese
Thai
Basque
English
German
Latvian
Romanian
Turkish
Catalan
Esperanto
Greek
Lithuanian
Russian
Vietnamese
Chinese
Estonian
Hebrew
Marathi
Slovak
Czech
Faroese
Hungarian
Norwegian
Slovenian
23
24
Quelle: www.buytaert.net
12
Contributions (www.drupal.org)
Core (by default)
Audios & podcasts
Blog
Videos & YouTube
Forum
Foto gallery
Poll (survey)
Guestbook
Newsletter
Chat, instant messaging
Comment
eCommerce & online shop
Formulars
Tagadelic (tag cloud)
Profile
Wiki
RSS (aggregator)
Schedule
Path ((clean URL))
Search (fuzzy search) Workflow
Statistics (Google Analy.) CRM
etc. (>1000 modules); see:
Contact form
www.drupalmodules.com
Taxonomy, etc.
25
Applications & Services
Blogs
Podcasts
Vodcasts
Collective
Intelligence
Wikis
UCG (User
Generated Content)
Communities
Semantic Private/business Plattformen
Portale
Web Social Networking
Commerce
Web‐Mapping
Foren Chat
Social Mashups
Instant Messeging
Bookmarking
Folksonomy
Taxonomie
Games
Tags Tagging SaaS
SOA Web Services
(Service orientierte
Architektur)
Multimedia Integration Language)
RIA
(Rich
(on Rails)
(on Rails)
Syndication)
Perl
AJAX
(Asynchronous Javascript and XML)
XHTML
C#
URI (Uniform Resource Identifier)
(Web Services
WSDL Description Language)
(Application
Service Provider)
SQL
(Standard Query Language)
(Hypertext Processor)
JavaScript
XML
ASP
RSS
(Really Simple Internet
Applications) Ruby API
(Application Programming Interface) (Scalable
Vector
Graphics)
VoIP
(Voice over Internet Protocol)
(Software‐as‐
a‐Service)
Ping
Plug‐ins Atom
SMIL (Synchronized Flash
Datenbanken
HTTP
SOAP
(Simple Object
Access Protocol)
FTP
(File
(Cascading (Hypertext
Transfer Transfer (Extensible (Extensible Hypertext Style Sheets)
Markup Protocol) Protocol)
Markup Language)
Language)
TCP
Drupal
(Transmission
Control Protocol)
IP(Internet
Protocol) v4/6
Technologies & Programming Languages
Open
Open Source CMS/Projects
(Content Management System)
GPL
(General Public Licence)
Servers Linux
Browsers
Software & Systems
26
13
Company
Customer
Drupal User
(Community)
Private
Customer
Modul extension or adaption,
Drupal
Dr pal compatible
software & support
Delevopers &
programmers
Consultants &
supporters
C
lt ti
Consultation,
documentation &
suppurt in forums
Legend:
Drupal.org
Product or service
Software alterations
& development of code
(core, modules, themes, etc.)
Intangible Assets
Information
27
Pros
Cons
Usability (simplicity)

Possibilities, functions

(hi h number
(high
b off modules)
d l )
Customization
- Modules & themes

- Architecture & API
- Documentation (books,…)
Costs (for free!!!)
Performance & SEO
(search engine optimization)
Fantastic community
(help/support in forums)
Few themes & theming
Lack of commercial support
No guarantee (for availability,
reliability, quality, security,…)
Learning curve Wishlist:
28
14
Ability
I‘m a chx or UnConeD
Drupal consultant or working for a Drupal shop
Contributing code, designs, patches back to Drupal
jQuery, API, security audit, performance tuning
Theme & module development
Actions & workflows
Custom content types and views
Contributing documentation & support
"I kick ass" threshold
"I
Learning
Target
Mediamatics
Course
Theme & template modification
Drastically customize front page
Locale & internationalization
Navigation, menus, taxonomy
suck" threshold Upgrading, patching, security monitoring
Installing contributes themes & modules
User, roles & permissions
Block system
Node system
Installation & configuration of Drupal core
Time
29
Online communities
Individuals – e.g.
e g personal weblogs
-

Tim Berners-Lee (founder of the internet) uses Drupal:
http://dig.csail.mit.edu/breadcrumbs/blog/4
Projects & Campaigns (marketing, politics,...)
Organizations & SME (small & medium-sized enterprises)
Commercial websites & shops
Programmers, etc.
Universities & students:
30
15
n = 1000
31
32
16
33
34
17
35
36
18
37
38
19
39
40
20
41
42
21
43
44
22
45
Drupal 6 – Websites entwickeln und verwalten mit dem Open Source CMS,
von Hagen Graf, Addison-Wesley, München, 2008.
9
Drupal 6 – Video-Training, von Hagen Graf, video2brain, 2008.
Erhältlich unter: www.amazon.de/Video-2-Brain-Drupal6/dp/3827361346/ref=sr_1_7?ie=UTF8&s=software&qid=1221919719&sr=8-7
9
Drupal 6 – Das Einsteigerseminar, von Thorsten Luhm, Redline, Heidelberg, 2008.
Das Drupal 6 Praxisbuch: Neuerungen in Drupal 6, Arbeiten mit Modulen, Themes und
Templates, Drupal als PHP-Framework, von Thomas Zahreddin, mitp, Heidelberg, 2008.
Selling Online with Drupal E-Commerce, by Michael Peacock, Packt, 2008.
Pro Drupal Development, by John Van Dick, 2nd Edition, Computer Booshop, 2008.
Learning Drupal 6 Module Development, by Matt Butcher, Packt, 2008.
Praxiswissen Drupal 6, von Friederich Stahl & Olav Schettler, orelleys, 2008.
Building Powerful and Robust Websites with Drupal 6, by David Mercer, Packt, 2008
Drupal 5 Themes, by Ric Shreves, Packt, 2007.
9
9
9
9
46
23
Bruns and Meyer-Wegener (2005): Taschenbuch der Medieninformatik, vf.
Christ, O. (2007): Content-Management in der Praxis. Erfolgreicher
Aufbau und Betrieb unternehmensweiter Portale, Springer, Berlin.
Fuchs, D. (2007): Web Content Management Systeme, Vdm, Berlin.
Bättig,
Bättig D.
D (2007): Open Source Web Content Management Systeme:
Ein Vergleich verschiedener Lösungen, Bachelorarbeit, Universität Bern.
Hüttenegger, G. (2006): Open Source Knowledge Management, Springer.
Müller-Kalthoff, B. (2007): Cross-Media Management. Content-Strategien
erfolgreich umsetzen, 2. Auflage, Springer, Berlin.
Wolf, M. (2007): Content Management Systeme, C&L.
Parth, T. and Schmid, M. (2007): Open Source Content Management
Systeme, Studie an der Fachhochschule Nürnberg.
Zschau O
O., Traub
Traub, D
D., Zahradka
Zahradka, R
R. (2001): Web Content Management –
Zschau,
Websites professionell planen und betreiben, Galileo.
9
9
9
9
47
Open Source Content Management Systems
All OS CMS on the market: www.opensourcecms.com
CMS Matrix (~800 CMS): www.cmsmatrix.org
Drupal

The most important and official Drupal website: www.drupal.org
The official german Drupal site: www.drupalcenter.de
Another german link: www.drupal.de
Drupal videos, podcasts, articles, training, consulting: www.lullabot.com
Good page with 35 "do-it-yourself-videos" for Drupal: www.seoecom.com/cms
Drupal school, e.g. for theme building: www.theartlab.net/podcast/drupal-school
Audiocasts for beginners http://drupalbasics.com/content-types/audiocast
More links: http://diuf.unifr.ch/is/drupal
48
24

Open Source Content Open Source Content Management

Transcription

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