Gangs 101 - Santa Cruz Neighbors

GANGS 101
SANTA CRUZ NEIGHBORS
NOVEMBER 28, 2007
WHAT IS A GANG
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CA penal code defines a "criminal street
gang" as any ongoing organization,
association, or group of three or more
persons . . . having as one of its primary
activities the commission of one or more
enumerated offenses, having a common
name or identifying sign or symbol, and
whose members engage in a pattern of
gang activity. (Pen. Code 186.22, subd.
(f).)
WHAT’S THE ATTRACTION?
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Cloward and Ohlin’s theory is the concept of
differential opportunity.
According to this concept, people in all levels of
society share the same success goals(1);
however, those in the lower class have limited
means by which to achieve their goals. People
who see themselves as failures within
conventional society will seek alternative or
innovative ways to achieve success. Thus,
individuals may become involved in gang life and
crime simply because legitimate means of
success are unavailable(2) to them. 1960
A BRIEF HISTORY OF GANGS
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1870’s – NYC – 5 POINTS GANG
(ITALIAN) DOMINATED :
IRISH GANG (DEAD RABBITS) AND
JEWISH GANG (EASTMAN GANG)
VIED FOR CONTROL OF $$ TO BE MADE
FROM ILLICIT ACTIVITIES
OFTEN FOUGHT TILL THE DEATH
MEXICAN REVOLUTION 1910-1921
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1910-1940 – MANY MEXICANS MIGRATED
NORTH TO CA AND TX
ESCAPED SOCIAL AND POLITICAL UNREST IN
HOMELAND
MANY FELT UNWANTED BY NEW COUNTRY EVEN
AS NATURALIZED CITIZENS
CONGREGATED IN POOREST NEIGHBORHOODS
RIVALRIES AND TENSION ROSE AS NEWCOMERS
CONTINUED TO ARRIVE
GANGS FORMED - TOOK NAMES OF STREETS OR
AVENUES
GANG MEMBERS SAW THEMSELVES AS
PROTECTORS OF NEIGHBORHOODS
MARAVILLA GANGS BEGIN TO FORM IN L.A.
CULTURE CLASH
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1930-1940 – PUCHUCO GROUPS FORMED IN EL PASO,
TEXAS – SPREAD WEST. ZOOT SUITS POPULARIZED
FORMED FOR SELF-PROTECTION AND REBELLION
AGAINST ANGLO DOMINANCE AND THEIR OWN PARENTS
ZOOTSUITORS ATTACKED BY ANGLO SERVICEMEN AND
CIVILIANS
22 MEXICAN AMERICAN YOUTH (38TH ST GANG)
CONVICTED, IMPRISONED THEN VINDICATED IN SLEEPY
LAGOON MURDERS
MEXICAN AMERICANS FIGHT BRAVELY VS NAZIS AND
JAPANESE, WITH MANY WINNING CONGRESSIONAL
MEDALS OF HONOR
RETURN HOME TO SAME POVERTY, SAME PREJUDICE AND
DISCRIMINATION
AGGRESSION SWITCHES TO EACH OTHER
1950-1960
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CIVIL UNREST AND CIVIL RIGHTS
GOVERNMENT REFORM CUTS AFFECT PROGRAMS FOR
THE POOR, ESPECIALLY MEXICAN AND AFRICAN
AMERICANS
STEEL, AUTO, MEATPACKING AND TEXTILE
INDUSTRIES TAKE HIT, ESPECIALLY HARD HIT AREAS
INCLUDE LOS ANGELES AND CHICAGO.
SOME COMMUNITIES DEVASTATED BY MAJOR JOB
LOSSES
ACTIVIST GROUPS ARE FORMED AND ORGANIZED
PROTEST MARCHES ARE COMMON
COMPETITION FOR EXISTING RESOURCES GIVES RISE
TO TENSION/FRICTION
1950-1960
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AS THE DRUG CULTURE STARTS, GANGS START
TO GET INVOLVED IN DRUG MANUAFCTURING,
USE AND SALES.
18TH ST GANG FORMED
1968 - SAN QUENTIN MURDER STARTS THE
“SHOE WARS,” SOLIDIFYING RIVALRY BETWEEN
MEXICAN AMERICANS FROM THE SOUTH AND
THE NORTH.
1969
–
CRIPS
STARTED
BY
RAYMOND
WASHINGTON
HISTORY OF AFRICAN-AMERICAN
GANGS
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1948 - 1952 Aliso Housing Projects - “Purple Heart
Gang”
1952 Korean Conflict - lull in gang activity
1958 - 1965 Slausons, Huns, Gladiators, Businessmen,
Pueblos
1965 - 1968 Vietnam Conflict - lull in gang activity
1969 Pre Crip Era - Al Capone’s, Smacks, Charlie
Browns
1969 - 1970 Avenue gang fought Raymond
Washington, Lonnie Keeler, Michael Conception - Birth
of the Crips
1972 Birth of the Blood Gangs
STRUCTURE
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Traditionally there is not one member who is in charge of
everyone in African-American gangs.
Double Original Gangsters
The Double O.G.’s are the members who have been with the gang
since it started, currently in their mid-30’s to mid-40’s. These
members will usually only be seen at gang-related funerals to show
their loyalty to the gang and pay respect to a specific homeboy.
Original Gangster
The Original Gangsters are not as visible today as they were in the
past but they are still respected in the gang. These individuals may
have families and hold a job so it is considered all right for them to
not be as active in the neighborhood.
Young Gangster
These individuals are between the ages of 19 to 26. This particular
group of members are considered the most dangerous and violent
in the gang. These members strive to maintain the on going feud
between rival gangs. The goal is to be considered as “crazy, true
soldiers” by their peers and rival gang members (Lane, 2000).
CRIPS
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Originated in Los Angeles in the late 60s
Migrated throughout the United States
Generally align with Folk Nation sets
Extremely violent
Multiracial
Identifiers/symbols:
the color blue
blue bandannas and rags
use the letter "c" in place of "b" in writing in disrespect
for Bloods
calling each other "Cuzz"
calling themselves "Blood Killas" (BK)
wearing British Knight (BK) tennis shoes
BLOODS
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Originated in South California to defend against
the Crips
Generally align with People Nation sets
Identifiers/symbols:
the color red
red bandannas or rags
the word "Piru" (the original Blood gang)
crossed out "C" in words as disrespect for Crips
FOUR MAIN PRISON GANGS
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There are four main prison gangs in the
California prison system, the Mexican Mafia
(EME, M), Nuestra Familia (NF), Aryan
Brotherhood (AB), and The Black Guerilla
Family (BGF). Prison gangs have a long history
of influencing local street gangs. Prison gangs
can influence the sale of drugs on the streets,
order hits on rival gang members and tax local
street gangs a portion of their income in
exchange for protection. Within the prisons the
majority of inmates unite with a prison gang
according to their ethnicity, so street gang
rivalries usually do not exist.
The Mexican Mafia
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Gender Makeup: Male
Racial Makeup: Mexican-American/Hispanic
Origin: The Mexican Mafia (EME) was formed in the late 50s at Duel
Vocational Center, a youthful offender facility in California, from an urban
Los Angeles street gang.
Characteristics:
EME's philosophy centers on ethnic solidarity and control of drug
trafficking.
EME is the Federal Bureau of Prisons' most active gang, in terms of
incident frequency rather than severity.
Ordinarily, each prison has a separate leadership.
Identifiers/Symbols:
Initials "EME."
The Mexican flag symbols such as the eagle with a snake in conjunction
with the initials "EME."
A single hand print, usually black in color.
The EME symbol of eternal war.
Initials 'MM' or 'M.'
The Mexican Mafia
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Enemies/Rivals:
The La Nuestra Familia is the EME's chief rival. They are said to have a
"kill on sight relationship," which has resulted in Federal Bureau of Prisons
adopting an absolute separation of confirmed members. Other rivals
include:
Northern Structure
Arizona's New Mexican Mafia
Black Guerrilla Family
black street gangs
Allies:
The EME has a very active working relationship with the Aryan
Brotherhood. Other allies include:
Arizona's Old Mexican Mafia
Mexikanemi
New Mexico Syndicate
urban Latino street gangs.
The EME often provides protection for imprisoned La Costa Nostra
members.
NUESTRA FAMILIA
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Gender Makeup: Male
Racial Makeup: Mexican-American/ Hispanic
Origin: The La Nuestra Familia (NF) originated in Soledad prison in
California in the mid 60s. It was established to protect younger,
rural, Mexican-American inmates from other inmates.
Characteristics:
The NF was originally formed for protection purposes from the
Mexican Mafia (EME).
The cultural and social differences between urban and rural
Mexican Americans developed into a deep hatred between the EME
and NF.
The struggle to gain power over other groups evolved into the NF's
participation in criminal activities in an effort to control the
introduction of contraband into the facilities.
There are separate organizational chains for street and prison
segments.
NUESTRA FAMILIA
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Identifiers/Symbols:
La Nuestra Familia members are known to wear identifying red rags (as does the
Northern Structure).
NF members favor larger tattoos, often on the entire back/chest.
Symbols include the initials NF, LNF, ENE, and F.
The number 14 for "N," the 14th letter in the alphabet stands for Norte or Northern
California.
A sombrero with a dagger is a symbol commonly used by NF members.
Enemies/Rivals:
The Mexican Mafia is the chief rival. Other rivals include:
Texas Syndicate
Mexikanemi
F-14s
Aryan Brotherhood
Allies:
The NFs have an uneasy working relationship with the Black Guerrilla Family that
is driven by their sharing of common enemies.
The Northern Structure,
Structure, a spin-off subsidiary prison gang, is believed to have
formed to direct the attention of officials away from the NF.
NF STRUCTURE
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LA MESA - GOVERNING BODY
CARNALES
NUESTRA RAZA /NORTHERN STRUCTURE
SECONDARY PRISON GANG - CARRY
OUT DICTATES OF THE CARNALES
NORTEÑO STREET GANGS – NOT
REQUIRED TO PUT IN WORK FOR NF,
BUT MUST ABIDE BY ITS CODES (TAXES,
ETC)
ARYAN BROTHERHOOD
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Gender Makeup: Male
Racial Makeup: White
Origin: Originated in 1967 in the San Quentin State Prison,
California Department of Corrections.
Characteristics:
Unaffiliated splinter groups sometimes use the name of their state
along with the name "Aryan Brotherhood" (e.g., Aryan Brotherhood
of Texas).
Members display many white supremacist, neo-nazi characteristics
and ideology, but often state their goals as simply "getting high
and getting over," or making their stay in the prison as comfortable
as possible.
Members are ordinarily apolitical. Most are in custody for crimes
such as robbery.
ARYAN BROTHERHOOD
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Identifiers/Symbols:
Shamrock clover leaf
Initials "AB"
Swastikas
Double lighting bolts
The numbers "666"
Known to use Gaelic (old Irish) symbols as a
method of coding communications
Aryan Brotherhood groups from other states
often accompany the symbols mentioned above
with the name of the state
ARYAN BROTHERHOOD
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Enemies/Rivals:
The AB maintains a working relationship with the
Mexican Mafia (EME) and therefore opposes the EME's
long-time enemy, the La Nuestra Familia (NF).
The Aryan Brotherhood has traditionally nurtured a
deep hatred toward black individuals and members of
black groups/gangs, such as the:
Black Guerrilla Family (BGF)
Crips
Bloods
BLACK GUERILLA FAMILY
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Name of Group: Black Guerilla Family
Other Names: BGF
Origin: The BGF was founded in 1966 by former Black Panther member George
Jackson. Originally, the BGF was called the Black Family or the Black Vanguard, and
it also had links to the "Black Mafia." Some were former members of the Black
Liberation Army, ۩ Symbionese Liberation Army, and Weatherman Underground
organization.
Ideology/Philosophy: The BGF is the most "politically" oriented of the major
prison gangs. It was formed as a Marxist/Maoist/Leninist revolutionary organization
with stated goals to eradicate racism, struggle to maintain dignity in prison, and
overthrow the U.S. Government.
Membership Characteristics: Black inmates - though small in number, the BGF
has a very strict death oath which requires a life pledge of loyalty to the gang.
Leadership/Organizational Structure: The gang is organized along paramilitary
line, with a Central Committee, a "Supreme Leader," and military ranks.
Geographic Locus: Nationwide, but primarily on the East and West Coasts.
Associated Organizations: Other black gangs; La Nuestra Familia;
Familia; Black
Liberation Army; Symbionese Liberation Army; Weather Underground
Antagonistic Organizations: Aryan Brotherhoºd;
Brotherhoºd; Texas Syndicate; Aryan
Brotherhood of Texas; Mexican Mafia
STONER GANGS
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Recently, several non-traditional gang groups have developed that are not turf
oriented, yet pose a tremendous threat to law enforcement personnel. The
Stoners, as a group, set themselves apart from everyone and tend to be multiracial (Mexican-American and White) in areas that are racially mixed. They
dress in red or black clothing, preferring athletic jersey tops with heavy metal
music stars displayed. The hair is worn longer with less emphasis on "looking
sharp," as image isn't important.
The "heavy metal" fad popularity greatly adds to the spread of their
philosophy. Music has greatly influenced various groups, and with today's mass
media, it has more impact on everyday life.
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HISTORY
Stoners have been in Los Angeles County for approximately the last decade.
Some Stoner gangs were formed in defense from other gangs or groups.
Stoners are generally junior high or high school students and tend to be better
students, as a group, than their more traditional gang counterparts. The
usually stay in school and participate in athletics. Many groups are allied with
fellow Stoner gangs and feud with other music subculture groups.
Stoners
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EVIDENCE OF STONER/HEAVY METAL INFLUENCE
Symbolism: That which deals with the occult or
Satanism
Writing Style: Uses the occult symbolism, heavy metal
music oriented, and heavily influenced with the drug
subculture.
Musical Heroes: Tend to be from the heavy metal
orientation. Some of the more popular groups are: Dio,
Iron Maiden, Venom, W.A.S.P., Slayer, Ruthless, Judas
Priest, Black Sabbath, Motley Crew [ sic ], Ozzy
Osbourne, AC/DC
Other Heroes of the Stoner Membership are: Aleister
Crowley, Anton LeVey, Adolph Hitler, Charles Manson
Stoners
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CRIMINAL ACTIVITY
Stoners tend to be involved in the drug subculture and commonly abuse
such drugs as speed, LSD, rock cocaine, and PCP. They actively participate
in both sales and use of these drugs. They easily flow into and out of gang
areas because they are perceived as no threat.
Stoners tend to participate in animal sacrifice and ritual crimes such as
graveyard or church desecrations. Suicides within the Stoner gangs are
increasing and many researchers feel this is due to the heavy metal
influence.
This phenomenon creates various problems for law enforcement in that
these gangs are different from traditional gangs. Stoner philosophy and
motivation differs greatly from traditional street gangs, but their criminal
potential and propensity for violence are at least as great.
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--taken from L.A Style: A Street Gang Manual of the Los Angeles County Sheriff's
Department
MARA SALVATRUCHA
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The Mara Salvatrucha gang originated in
Los Angeles. There is some dispute about
the exact etymology. The most common
belief is that the word "Mara" refers to
the Spanish word for "Gang", and
"Salvatrucha" (which is Spanish slang) for
"Salvadoran". The gang was set up in Los
Angeles in 1972 by Salvadoran
immigrants in the Pico-Union section.
MARA SALVATRUCHA
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the word mara means gang in Caliche
and is taken from marabunta, the name
of a fierce type of ant. "Salvatrucha" is a
portmanteau of Salvadoran and trucha, a
Caliche word for being alert, usually
entailing preparedness for crime or abuse
from police. Mara Salvatrucha is also
commonly translated as Salvadoran Army
Ant.
MARA SALVATRUCHA
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Many Mara Salvatrucha members often
cover themselves in tattoos. Common
markings include "MS", "13", "Salvadorian
Pride" the "Devil Horns" and the name of
their clique.[
HELLS ANGELS
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Formed in 1948 in Fontana, California, the
name "Hells Angels" was inspired by the name
of the U.S. Air Force 303rd Bombardment
Groups, a military unit formed in the early years
of World War II.
Both the Federal Bureau of Investigation and
the Criminal Intelligence Service Canada classify
the Angels as one of the "big four" outlaw
motorcycle gangs; contending that members
carry out widespread violence, drug dealing,
trafficking in stolen goods, and extortion.
HELLS ANGELS
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Chapters worldwide (Santa Cruz San Jose)
HAMC members must be Caucasian,
Hispanic, or Asian males over 21
Required to own a Harley-Davidson
motorcycle.
Prospective members are brought into
chapters through a lengthy, phased
process.
HELLS ANGELS
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The Hells Angels utilize a patch system. The
official colors of the Hells Angels are red
lettering displayed on a white background,
which is the derivation of the clubs alias as "The
Red and White". Red and white is also used to
display the number 81, on many of their
patches, such as "Support 81, Route 81". The 8
and 1 stand for their equivalent position in the
alphabet, thus the 8th letter of the alphabet is
H, and the first is A, together reading HA, Hells
Angels.
SANTA CRUZ NORTH
 NORTHSIDE
WATSONVILLE
 CITY HALLERS
 WESTSIDE SANTA CRUZ
(MULTI-RACIAL)
 NORTHSIDE SANTA CRUZ
 OTHERS ??
SANTA CRUZ SOUTH
 POORSIDE
WATSONVILLE
 EASTSIDE SANTA CRUZ
(FLATS AREA)
 VILLA SAN CARLOS (MULTI
RACIAL)
 OTHERS??
GRAFFITI
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Graffiti is referred to as the newspaper of the street. It can identify
gang boundaries and is used to communicate challenges to rival
gangs. Graffiti can also indicate whether or not a gang member is
on the “outs” with the gang, meaning if he/she has problems.
Graffiti tells of gang exploits or crimes. Most of all, graffiti
intimidates and disrespects other gangs as well as the community
where it is written.
Graffiti includes the use of monikers or nicknames. Nicknames tend
to be based on characteristics of an individual (i.e. Shorty, Biggy,
etc.) or a shortened version of his/her name (i.e. Francisco Franky). Some gang members take on names of animated
characters such as Sleepy or Popeye. Hispanic/Latino gang
members often use nicknames in Spanish (i.e. Flaco, Huero, and
Largo).
GRAFFITI
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Gang members use the alphabet to translate numbers
into letters and vise versa. For example, the numbers
13 and 14 have been used primarily by Hispanic/Latino
gangs to identify themselves with either the north or
south part of the state. The number 13 originated from
the Mexican Mafia. The 13th letter in the alphabet is M,
which in Spanish is pronounced “EME.” EME refers to
the the Mexican Mafia. The 14th letter in the alphabet is
N, pronounced “ENE” in Spanish, which refers to
Nuestra Familia. Today, many non-Hispanic/Latino
gangs also use the numbers 13 and 14 in their graffiti
as a way of associating with Northern or Southern
California.
DRUGS
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HEROIN – 3400 B.C. The opium poppy is
cultivated in lower Mesopotamia. The
Sumerians refer to it as Hul Gil, the 'joy plant.'
CHIVA, SMACK, H, HACHE, BLACK TAR (The
black tar is dark colored, sticky, and usually an
oddly shaped ball wrapped in a piece of plastic
and, in this case, packed in a colored balloons).
(CHINA) WHITE, (MEXICAN) BROWN
HEROIN ADDICT – TECATO, TECAT,
Malnutrition and crime, collapsed veins and
disease typify the life style of the heroin addict.
SHOOT, SNORT, SMOKE
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Heroin is usually injected, sniffed/snorted, or smoked.
Typically, a heroin abuser may inject up to four times a
day. Intravenous injection provides the greatest
intensity and most rapid onset of euphoria (7 to 8
seconds), while intramuscular injection produces a
relatively slow onset of euphoria (5 to 8 minutes). When
heroin is sniffed or smoked, peak effects are usually felt
within 10 to 15 minutes. Although smoking and sniffing
heroin do not produce a "rush" as quickly or as
intensely as intravenous injection, NIDA researchers
have confirmed that all three forms of heroin
administration are addictive.
DRUGS
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The effects of heroin generally last about four to six hours. Listed
below are several observations that may be seen in an individual
under the influence of heroin.
Pinpoint pupils
Disorientation
Loss of coordination
Itchy nose and skin
Lowered sensation of pain
Lowered blood pressure
Lowered pulse and respiration rate
Constipation
Slow, slurred speech
Sweating
Injection sites (tracks) if used IV
Dry mouth
Nasal redness and/or small drug particles remaining in
nostril if snorted
Drooping eyelids and the head nodding forward
METHAMPHETAMINE/COCAINE
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METH –WHITE POWDER OR ICE – AKA
CRANK, CRANKA, CRYSTAL. HIGH LAST
LONGER THAN COCAINE
METH ADDICT – TWEAKER
COKE- WHITE POWDER OR ROCK – AKA
CRACK, COLA, ROCK, CHIP
WITHDRAWAL – JONES, JONESING
DRUGS
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MARIJUANA – MOTA, MARY JANE, GANGA,
INDO, PURPLE, NUGS, SKUNK(BUD), LLENO
(JOINT), BLUNT (REPLACES TOBACCO IN
CIGAR, COCAINE CAN BE ADDED) 420, BLAZE,
TOKE
Hydrocodone is a narcotic that can produce a
calm, euphoric state similar to heroin or
morphine--and despite such important and
obvious benefits in pain relief, evidence is
pointing to chronic addiction. Hydrocodone pills
have been sold for $2 to $10 per tablet and $20
to $40 per 8 oz bottle on the street. (2001)
WEAPON SLANG
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STRAP(PED) = GUN (WITH GUN)
CUETE =GUN
GAT =GUN, ESP SEMI/AUTO WEAPON, FROM GATLING (MACHINE)
GUN
NINE, NINA = NINE MILLIMETER
TEC = TEC 9,
MAC = MAC 10
UZI = UZI
AK = AK 47
CAP, POP A CAP = SHOOT SOMEONE
FILERO, SHIEV, SHANK = KNIFE
SAFE HOUSE – SAFE PLACE TO KEEP GUNS
DEUCE DEUCE = 22 CALIBER
SHAWTY = SHOTGUN
TRENDS
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VIOLENCE
MS 13
HYBRID GANGS – LAS VEGAS SQUAD/WOOD –
MIXED ETHNIC – LITTLE ORGANIZATION
SIMILAR DRESS – BLACK/WHITE, BAGGY,
OVERSIZED, HOODIES – HAMPERS LAW
ENFORCEMENT WHEN DESCRTIPTIONS OF
BAD GUYS ARE SIMILAR
CHEESE HEROIN – DALLAS SCHOOLS $2.00
HIT OVERDOSES, ARRESTS UP 60%
RESOURCES
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GANGWATCHERS.ORG
KNOWGANGS.COM
GANGS OR US.COM
SAFESTATE.ORG
WIKIPEDIA.ORG
RAPDICT.ORG
URBANDICTIONARY.COM
LAW ENFORCEMENT/LOCAL GROUPS
EACH OTHER
RESOURCES
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Helping Gang Members Assimilate Back Into
Society
Santa Cruz County Children’s Mental Health
Prop. 63 Mental Health Services Act
Family & Youth Input
From Watsonville Digital Bridges Academy
Surveys
The Watsonville Digital Bridges Academy assists youth
and adults at-risk in successfully
“bridging” the transition to college and the workforce.
Survey helped identify key needs and issues in the area
of helping youth involved with gangs assimilate back
into society, from the viewpoint of community members.
LEGISLATION
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NEW GANG CZAR (PAUL SEAVE)
SAFE NEIGHBORHOODS ACT:PROTECT
VICTIMS, STOP GANGS AND THUGS – AN
INITIATIVE AWAITING CLEARANCE TO BEGIN
GATHERING SIGNATURES FOR O8 BALLOT
ADDS 10 YEARS TO PRISON SENTENCE OF
GANG MEMBERS CONVICTED OF VIOLENT
CRIME
INCREASES PENALTIES FOR ALL OFFENDERS
WHO USE FIREARMS, SELL METH, STEAL CARS,
DEFACE PROPERTY.
LEGISLATION
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INCREASES PENALTIES FOR ANYONOE WHO
SMUGGLES CONTRABAND TO GANG MEMBERS
IN PRISON
PROHIBITS BAIL FOR ILLEGAL IMMIGRANTS
CHARGED WITH VIOLENT OR GANG CRIMES
REQUIRES CONVICTED GANG MEMBERS TO
REGISTER ANNUALLY FOR FIRST 5 YEARS
AFTER RELEASE
RAISES PENALTIES FOR GANG RECRUITMENT
WITH ADDITIONAL 5 YEARS IF PERSON
TARGETED IS UNDER 14 YRS OLD
LEGISLATION
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CREATES NEW COMMISSION TO
RECOMMEND AND EVALUATE PROGRAMS
FOR AT RISK YOUTH AND TO AID
OFFENDERS UPON RELEASE TO
COMMUNITY.
AB 802
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An act to add Section 14190 to the Penal Code,
relating to criminal street gangs.
Establish the California Commission on Gang
Prevention and Intervention that would be
responsible for creating a statewide strategy on
gang violence prevention and intervention and
collaborating with local agencies to implement
the statewide strategy. Create an overall
strategy to address gang issues in the state,
and specifically ways to prevent gang
involvement.
Assembly Bill No. 1291
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Approved by Governor October 11, 2007.
Authorize the juvenile court, if a minor is found
to be a ward of the court by reason of the
commission of a gang-related offense,
and the court finds that the minor is a first-time
offender and orders that a parent or guardian
retain custody of that minor, to order the
parent or guardian to attend antigang violence
parenting classes.