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What to expect…
Pacific Flyway Shorebird Survey What to expect… • 12 species of shorebirds detected SHOR; 0% BBPL; 2% WISN; 1% SEPL; 0% BNST; 0% KILL; 19% XDOW; 23% AMAV; 0% GRYE; 7% DUNL; 30% LESA; 15% LBCU; 3% BBPL SEPL KILL BNST AMAV GRYE LBCU LESA DUNL XDOW WISN SHOR Pacific Flyway Shorebird Survey Shorebird Identification Pacific Flyway Shorebird Survey Field Guides Shorebirds of North America: The Photographic Guide by Dennis Paulson The Sibley Field Guide to the Birds of Western North America by David Allen Sibley The Shorebird Guide by Michael O’Brien, Richard Crossley, Kevin Karlson Pacific Flyway Shorebird Survey Shorebird Topography Tail Bill Tail Supercilium Belly Legs © Davis Allen Sibley Breast Pacific Flyway Shorebird Survey Shorebird Silhouettes curlews yellowlegs avocets killdeer plovers dunlin dowitchers peeps Pacific Flyway Shorebird Survey 0.1% Stilts and Avocets Black-necked Stilt (Himantopus mexicanus) American Avocet (Recurvirostra americana) © Gypsy Flores Pacific Flyway Shorebird Survey Plovers Killdeer (Charadrius vociferus) Black-bellied Plover (Pluvialis squatarola) Semipalmated Plover (Charadrius semipalmatus) Pacific Flyway Shorebird Survey 19% Killdeer Size: Medium; L: 11” Bill: Short, thick dark Legs: Flesh colored Appearance: − Upperparts brown © Ingrid Taylor − Underparts white − Two black breast bands − Red eye ring − Voice Stuart McKay Pacific Flyway Shorebird Survey 0.1% Semipalmated Plover Size: Small; L: 8” Bill: Short, thin with hints bi-color Legs: orange-ish legs Appearance: − Upperparts brownish-grey − Underparts white © Arthur Morris/BIRDS AS ART − Single dark neckband Brad Bergstrom Pacific Flyway Shorebird Survey Killdeer vs. Semipalmated Plover Killdeer Semipalmated Plover *larger *smaller *two black breast bands *single dark neckband *elongated *plumper *shorter bill Pacific Flyway Shorebird Survey 2.4% Black-bellied Plover www.inwater.org Size: Medium, plump, L: 12” Bill: Short, thick, dark Legs: Black Appearance: − Gray upperparts with pale edging − White underparts − Black axillaries visible in flight − White wing stripe − White rump © Stephen J. Davies Voice: slow “peeooEEE” Pacific Flyway Shorebird Survey Large Shorebirds Whimbrel (Numenius phaeopus) Long-billed Curlew (Numenius americanus) Pacific Flyway Shorebird Survey 3% Long-billed Curlew Size: Largest North American shorebird; L: 23” Bill: Very long and decurved Legs: Gray Appearance: − Mottled brown upperparts − Cinnamon underparts ©Arthur Morris/BirdsAsArt − Long neck, small head − Cinnamon underwing Tom Grey Pacific Flyway Shorebird Survey 0% Whimbrel Whimbrel © T.Douglas Rodda Size: Large, L: 18” Bill: Long and decurved Legs: Dark and short Appearance: − Brown upperparts with light and dark spotting − Head striped brown and white − Brown streaked neck and breast − White belly Pacific Flyway Shorebird Survey Long-billed Curlew vs. Whimbrel Long-billed Curlew Whimbrel *larger *smaller *longer bill – 3 head lengths *shorter bill -2 head legnths *lighter legs *darker legs *boldly striped head Pacific Flyway Shorebird Survey Medium Shorebirds http://www.westpascoaudubon.com Lesser Yellowlegs (Tringa flavipes) Dowitchers (Limnodromus spp.) ©Jack Binch Greater Yellowlegs (Tringa melanoleuca) © Phil Jeffery Wilson’s Phalarope (Phalaropus tricolor) Wilson’s Snipe (Gallinago delicata) © Rajiv Lather Pacific Flyway Shorebird Survey 7% Greater Yellowlegs Size: Medium, L: 14” Bill: Slightly upturned, long bill Legs: Bright yellow Appearance: Underparts white with gray-brown streaks Upperparts dark brown with pale flecks Voice: “tew, tew, tew” Pacific Flyway Shorebird Survey Lesser Yellowlegs Size: Medium, L: 10.5” Bill: Straight, medium bill Legs: Bright yellow Appearance: Underparts white with gray-brown streak Upperparts dark brown with pale flecks “Dainty” Voice: “too-too” Pacific Flyway Shorebird Survey Greater vs. Lesser Yellowlegs http://www.westpascoaudubon.com Greater Yellowlegs Lesser Yellowlegs *larger *smaller *longer, upturned bill *shorter, straighter bill * “tew, tew, tew” * “too, too” Pacific Flyway Shorebird Survey 0% Wilson’s Phalarope Size: Medium-small, L: 9” Bill: Long, slender and dark Legs: Yellowish Appearance: − Gray upperparts − White underparts − White rump, pale gray tail − Wings dark, unstriped Often feeds by spinning in deep water © Phil Jeffery Pacific Flyway Shorebird Survey 23% Dowitchers Size: Medium, L: 11” Bill: Long, straight Legs: Dull, yellowish Appearance: − Upperparts gray − Breast pale gray with faint spotting; belly white − White wedge on back in flight − Tail barred black and white ©Jack Binch Feeds with sewing machine motion © 2010 WildDelaware Pacific Flyway Shorebird Survey 1% Wilson’s Snipe Size: Medium, L: 11” Bill: Long, slender and dark Legs: Yellowish Appearance: − Dark upperparts with bold stripes on back − Dark rump, orange tail − White belly Very camouflage: often seen or heard flying away © Rajiv Lather Pacific Flyway Shorebird Survey Wilson’s Snipe vs. Dowitchers © Terry Sohl © Mark A. Chappel Wilson’s Snipe Dowitcher spp. *bold stripes on back *dark upperparts with no striping *prefers vegetated areas *feeds with sewing machine motion Pacific Flyway Shorebird Survey Small Sandpipers Western Sandpiper (Calidris mauri) Dunlin (Calidris alpina) Spotted Sandpiper (Actitis macularia) Least Sandpiper (Calidris minutilla) © Arthur Morris/BIRDS AS ART Pacific Flyway Shorebird Survey 0% Western Sandpiper Size: Small, L: 7” Bill: Short, thin, and dark Thinner at tip than at base Slightly drooping Legs: Dark Appearance: − Grayish upperparts − White underparts − Faint, partial gray breast band − Indistinct white supercilium, gray crown and cheeks − Rufous scapulars in juveniles www.southwestbirders.com Pacific Flyway Shorebird Survey 15% Least Sandpiper Size: World’s smallest shorebird, L: 6” Bill: Short, thin, and dark; slightly decurved Legs: Yellowish legs Apperance: − Brownish-gray upperparts − White underparts − Gray-brown breast band www.giffbeaton.com − Indistinct white supercilium with darker crown and eyeline Pacific Flyway Shorebird Survey Western Sandpiper vs. Least Sandpiper © Joseph Kennedy Western Sandpiper Least Sandpiper Which are these? • The two common small shorebirds called "peeps" in most of the West. • Western Sandpiper has black legs, longer bill, droops slightly at tip. In winter, gray or gray-brown; perhaps the palest "peep.“ • Least Sandpiper has yellowish legs (unless stained by mud), has a shorter bill and is browner. Pacific Flyway Shorebird Survey 30% Dunlin Size: Small, L: 9” Bill: Medium, thin, dark, drooping Legs: Black legs © Kjetil Schjølberg Appearance: − Gray upperparts − Pale indistinct supercilium − Faintly spotted gray breast − White belly − Black patch on rump extending onto tail Pacific Flyway Shorebird Survey Dunlin vs. “peeps” © Larry Thompson, 2007-2010 Dunlin Western and Least • Dunlin: Larger and darker gray than peeps with a more obvious wing stripe. Drooping bill longer than peeps. • Western Sandpiper: Smaller overall with lighter gray upperparts. Drooping bill is shorter • Least Sandpiper: Smaller overall with browner upperparts. Yellowish legs and a shorter bill. Pacific Flyway Shorebird Survey 0% Spotted Sandpiper Size: Small, 8” Bill: Medium and straight Legs: Short and light colored Appearance: − Plain brown upperparts − White underparts (non-breeding) © Arthur Morris/BIRDS AS ART − Brown on sides of breast − White supercilium * Usually solitary * Constantly bobs tail Pacific Flyway Shorebird Survey Raptors Peregrine Falcon Ferruginous Hawk Turkey Vulture Red-tailed Hawk Golden Eagle Cooper’s Hawk © Birding-Peru.com © Ryan DiGaudio American Kestrel Pacific Flyway Shorebird Survey Resources • All About Birds http://www.birds.cornell.edu/ • What Bird? http://www.whatbird.com/ • eBird – How to Count Birds http://ebird.org/content/ebird/news/bird-counting-101
