Standard Diagnostic Terminology (Cont`d)

Daniel Measurement
& Control
Ultrasónicos de GAS
Oil and Gas Flow Measurement Market
TRANSMISSION
PRODUCTION
PROCESSING
DISTRIBUTION
PIPELINE
QUALITY
GAS
GAS
CITY GATES
POWER PLANTS
LPG
OIL
INDUSTRIAL
PLANTS
LNG PROCESS
REFINING & PETROCHEMICAL PROCESSING
BULK
STORAGE
TERMINAL
RESIDENTIAL
MARKETING
TERMINAL
PIPELINE
JETTY UNLOADING TRANSPORT
TRANSPORTATION
Medición fiscal de Transferencia de
Custodia

Cuando un proveedor entrega
un producto a un cliente ocurre
una transacción económica.

Para asegurar un intercambio
justo de bienes una medición
exacta es critica en la operación

El equipamiento de medición es
la caja registradora de esta
transacción
APLICACIÓN DE TRANSFERENCIA
CUSTODIADA DE GAS
V
@9300
KCal
m3
[ ]
 KCal 
VBase m 3 PCal  3 
 m 
m3 =
KCal
9300 3
m
[ ]
Flow Computer
Fiscal API 21.1 y 21.2
Cálculo de volumen (AGA 3,7,11)
Cálculo de energía (AGA 5)
Cálculo de compresibilidad (AGA 8)
$$$$$= Volumen Energético
AGA 11
Click Here
AGA 7
AGA 3
Cromatógrafo
Energía y
Composición
z=AGA 8
Pcal=AGA 5
P,T
AGA 9
Ventajas del Medidor US
•Tamaños 4 to 42 inch
•Transductores extraíbles
•Bidireccionales
•Sin partes Móviles
•Altamente redundante
•Autodiagnóstico
•Haz directo sin o con
rebotes
Ventajas del Medidor US
•No presenta pérdida de carga
•No intrusivo
•Rangeabilidad elevada 100
•Repetibilidad de .2 %
•Medición realizada electrónicamente
•No requiere recalibración
•Flowmin=1ft/s Flowmax= 100ft/s
•Transductores UL
Click Here
Ventajas del Medidor US
•Calibración bajo caudal
para verificación solamente.
•Calibración en seco necesaria.
•Insensible a variaciones, cuerpo de
fundición.
•Bajo costo de instalación y bajo peso
•Hasta 10000 PSIG.
Principio de Funcionamiento
Ultrasónico Multipath de Gas
Ecuaciones
L
t1 =
c − v( x / L )
L
t2 =
c + v( x / L )
X
L
D
Ecuaciones
Las velocidades de cada camino se determinan de
los tiempos de tránsito
2
L (t1-t2)
v=
2x t1t2
L (t1+t2)
c=
2 t1t2
Q = vA
v=velocidad de flujo
c=velocidad del sonido
t1 =tiempo de tránsito upstream
t 2= tiempo de transito downstream
Factores de ponderación por Geometría
Los factores de ponderación dependen
únicamente de la geometría!
A
B
C
D
Wa= 0.1382
Wb= 0.3618
Wc = 0.3618
Wd= 0.1382
Multipath Meter
n
Vaverage = ∑ wi vi = 0.1382 ⋅ v1 + 0.3618 ⋅ v 2 + 0.3618 ⋅ v3 + 0.1382 ⋅ v 4
1
Cálculos disponibles

AGA 7 interno con corrección de P y T

AGA 8 92 Detallado con Cromatografía on line

API 21

AGA 10

Corrección de variación en el área del medidor
efectos de P y T (dilatación/contracción del
cuerpo)
Software CUI
Customer Value:
• The monitor screen can be configured
according to the customers’ requirements.
• Multiple dynamic ultrasonic parameters
can be simultaneously monitored on-site or
remotely on one screen.
Standard Diagnostic Terminology
•
Chord Velocity: (or Path Velocity)
- The average velocity (ft/sec) along the chord line between pairs of transducers.
- Chord A shows 17.4 ft/sec
- Blue bars indicate reverse flow
•
Average Velocity:
-
The path weighted average of all paths…average velocity of the entire cross-section
of the metern
Vaverage = ∑ wi vi = 0.1382 ⋅ v1 + 0.3618 ⋅ v 2 + 0.3618 ⋅ v3 + 0.1382 ⋅ v 4
1
Q = Vaverage ⋅ A
•
Flow Velocity Ratio:
- The decimal ratio of an individual chord’s velocity divided by the meter average
-
velocity.
Chord A = 0.892 = 17.43 / 19.54
Standard Diagnostic Terminology (Cont’d)
•
Speed of Sound: (SOS)
-
The sound propagation rate expressed in
Distance/Time….(i.e. Ft/Sec )
The bar for the chord turns yellow if the spread between the
chord Speed of Sound and the Average Speed of Sound
varies by more than 0.35%
The bar for the chord
turns red if the spread
between the chord Speed
of Sound and the Average
Speed of Sound varies
by more than a configurable
factor called “CRange”
Standard Diagnostic Terminology (Cont’d)
•
Gain:
-
The gain is a setting for how much the meter must amplify a
received signal to make the recorded signal have the required
amplitude. If sound signal level diminishes…gain increases.
-
Gains can vary considerably from meter to meter and because of
changing flow conditions.
-
For the same transducer, the gains are higher on larger meters
than smaller meters for a given flow condition because of the
longer path lengths.
-
The maximum gain with the LT-01 transducer is 103 dB
Standard Diagnostic Terminology (Cont’d)
•
Performance:
-
The percentage of acceptable path (transducer pair) timings from the last
running test batch.
-
A 100% performance means that every signal acquired is used to make
the flow measurement.
-
At higher velocities, or in the presence of ultrasonic noise interference, or
in changing flow conditions, this value may be less than 100%.
-
If the “batch” size is 20….the last 20 measurements of the same
transducer pair will be reported. The percent range will be 0 to 100%…in
5% increments…IE: 90% = 18 of the last 20 timings were successful.
-
Performance above 25% is acceptable
Standard Diagnostic Terminology (Cont’d)
•
Signal to Noise Ratio: (SNR)
SNR =
-
SE ( SoundEnergy )
NE ( NoiseEnergy )
It is the numeric ratio between the
received sound signal and the
received background noise
This number is a “net usable signal number” and can have a minimum numeric limit
assigned to it and resultant alarms.
-
The average signal and noise levels only includes samples used for the batch and do
not include samples thrown out due to poor quality.
-
If noise appears to be a problem, this SNR can help you determine the direction of the
noise. Lower signal to noise ratios on the upstream chords than on the downstream
chords indicate that the noise is coming from downstream of the meter.
-
SNR values below 500 warrant investigation
Advanced Diagnostic Key Terms
•
Profile Factor
•
Swirl
•
Symmetry
•
Cross Flow
•
Turbulence
Diagnósticos avanzado
Permiten conocer que
sucede aguas arriba del
medidor
Data from these meters can give
information about:
Profile
Pulsation
Cross-Flow
Swirl
Asymmetry….
Turbulence Level by Path….
Dirty Transducers….
Blocked Flow-Conditioners, etc.
If you can “Read” the Data
Diagnósticos Avanzados
Flow Profile
19.357
Chord A
Swirl
Symmetry
Cross Flow
Chord B
21.238
20.166
Chord C
Chord D
17.4305
0
5
10
15
20
Avg Flow Velocity (ft/s)
7 deg swirl from poly-pig
Customer Value:
• Increased Measurement Accuracy
Piece of a Poly-Pig lodged in a Flow Conditioner
• Detect measurement problems
25
Perfil de flujo Turbulento y Laminar
Flow Profiles Posibles
Flow Profile
Flow Profile
21.9
Chord A
18.6
Chord B
0
5
10
15
21.9
Chord C
21.4
Chord D
21.4
Chord B
18.8
Chord C
18.7
Chord A
20
Avg Flow Velocity (m/s)
•Con “Swirl” (+)
18.6
Chord D
25
0
5
10
15
Avg Flow Velocity (m/s)
•Sin “Swirl”
20
25
Advanced Diagnostic Terminology (Cont’d)
•
Swirl:
-
Estimate Swirl from Profile Factor (Consider flow regime
and conditioning)
-
A profile factor of 1.17 = 1.042 / 0.89, is equal to a swirl of 0 degrees
-
Flow which is not parallel to the centerline of the longitudinal axis can cause
measurement errors. (greater than +/- 2 degrees of swirl)
Most Swirl patterns have a continuous rotational component. Swirls that are almost
perfectly rotational…like a corkscrew or a thread…are usually referred to as “Bulk
Rotation”
Fig. 3 SWIRL RATIO (Vb+Vc)/(Va+Vd)
20
15
Swirl Angle Deg
10
5
0
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
-5
-10
-15
-20
Swirl Ratio
1.6
1.8
2.0
Profile Factor
of 1.032 is
equal to 6
Degrees of
Swirl
Advanced Diagnostic Terminology (Cont’d)
•
Symmetry:
Symmetry =
V A + VB
VC + V D
-
Ratio of the flow velocities of the top two chords
divided by the flow velocities of the bottom two chords
-
Compares the flow in the top half of the pipe with that in the
bottom half
-
In good condition it should be close to 1
Advanced Diagnostic Terminology (Cont’d)
•
Cross Flow:
V A + VC
CrossFlow =
VB + VD
-
Ratio of the flow velocities of the A and C
chords divided by the flow velocities of the B and D chords
-
Compares the chords in one plane with those in the other plane
at right angles
-
In good condition it should be close to 1
Save Waveforms for Each Path
Click “Save” to record
all of the Waveforms for
Paths A, B, C, D
This is your starting
waveform “Fingerprint”
of the new, clean meter.
Ejemplo con Flow conditioner bloqueado
en 40 fps – 12-Inch
Flow Velocity Ratios
Chord A
0.888
Chord B
1.043
Chord C
1.048
Profile Factor = 1.186
Chord D
0.874
0.5
0.75
1
Velocity Ratio
1.25
1.5
bloqueado
Courtesy CEESI USM Conference, June 2004
Perfil con flow conditioner bloqueado
en 40 fps
Flow Velocity Ratios
Chord A
0.886
Profile Factor = 1.105
Chord B
0.998
Chord C
1.056
Chord D
0.973
0.5
0.75
1
Velocity Ratio
1.25
1.5
Efectos en la exactitud
Velocity
% Diff
60
0.22
40
0.19
20
0.17
Note: All errors were positive. That
is the meter slightly over-registered
with the blocked flow conditioner.
Turbulencia sin bloqueo
Turbulence - 40ft/sec - CPA Normal
10
Chord A
Chord B
Chord C
Chord D
6
4
2
Sample #
73
69
65
61
57
53
49
45
41
37
33
29
25
21
17
13
9
5
0
1
Percent
8
Turbulencia con bloqueo
Turbulence - 40ft/sec Blocked CPA - Bottom 40%
20
Chord A
Chord B
16
Chord C
12
8
4
Sample #
73
69
65
61
57
53
49
45
41
37
33
29
25
21
17
13
9
5
0
1
Percent
Chord D
La suciedad No Afecta a la Tecnología de haz
directo
1.0
As Found
As Left
0.8
0.6
% Error
0.4
0.2
0.0
-0.2 0
5
10
15
20
25
-0.4
-0.6
-0.8
-1.0
Velocity (ft/sec)
30
35
40
45
Waveforms for Each Path
Click “Save” to record
all of the Waveforms for
Paths A, B, C, D
This is your starting
waveform “Fingerprint”
of the new, clean meter.
Picture of 10-Inch Meter Body
Close-up of 10-Inch Meter Body (Side)
Close-up of 10-Inch Meter Body (Bottom)
Efecto de la suciedad
•Impacto en la Ganancia y VOS
•Cambio del area transversal (ID)
•Cambio en los perfiles de velocidad
Efecto de la suciedad
Efecto de la suciedad
Maintenance Log Report Information
Company Emerson Process Management
Meter Name OIML-12
Technician 1 Emerson Process Management
Test Date
3/3/2006
Date last tested
Test Time
9:41:54 AM
Technician 2
Test duration
Address Address not set
Frequency 1
in
Pressure
97.98
psig
Temperature
77.9
F
Samples/Updt
18/18
Stack Size
1
Update Period
1
Velocities
Average
New/Total
19.535
20.765
17.394
21.963
20.489
20.896
21.599
20.403
18.853
20.254
0.328084
17.645
20.551
20.789
20.329
Average
Maximum
Minimum
4917.78
4918.36
4917.31
Chord B
Chord C
4917.67
4917.67
4918.18
4918.24
4917.16
4917.19
Chord D
Average
4917.69
4917.69
4918.16
4918.17
4917.22
4917.23
0
0
0
0
15
Upstream
Downstream
10
5
bbl/hr
ft/s
Flow Direction
Forward
Profile Factor
Swirl
1.099
3
A
Time
Speed of Sound
Forward Flow Rate
Reverse Flow Rate
Point
Flow Rate
Flow Rate
SndVelA (ft/s)
SndVelD (ft/s)
Factor
Forward Coefficients
SndVelB (ft/s)
AvgSndVel (ft/s)
100
100
0
0
0
0
SndVelC (ft/s)
4918.6
4918.4
4918.2
4918
4917.8
4917.6
4917.4
4917.2
4917
4916.8
4916.6
4916.4
Upstream
Downstream
Time
A
B
100
100
72
72
3850
3617
Chord B Up
100
71
3716
Chord B Dn
100
71
3734
Chord C Up
100
71
3565
Chord C Dn
100
71
3632
Chord D Up
Chord D Dn
100
100
69
69
3293
3666
Avg Up
100
71
3606
100
71
Avg Dn
Profile Factor
SOS Diff from Avg
SndVelDiffA (ft/s)
SndVelDiffC (ft/s)
Flow Velocities (ft/s)
25
Cal Method
None
3662
18.75
12.5
Flow Velocity Ratios
Turbulence
SndVelDiffB (ft/s)
SndVelDiffD (ft/s)
TurbulenceA (%)
TurbulenceC (%)
0.25
0.2
0.15
0.1
0.05
0
-0.05
-0.1
-0.15
-0.2
6.25
Time
1.4
Chord A
0.951
1.3
D
TurbulenceB (%)
TurbulenceD (%)
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
9:4 :54
2 AM
9:4 :01
2 AM
9:4 :08
2 AM
9:4 :15
2 AM
9:4 :23
2 AM
9:4 :29
2 AM
9:4 :36
2 AM
9:4 :43
2 AM
9:4 :50
2 AM
9:4 :57
3 AM
9:4 :04
3 AM
9:4 :11
3 AM
9:4 :18
3 AM
9:4 :25
3 AM
9:4 :32
3 AM
9:4 :40
3 AM
9:4 :46
3:5 AM
3
AM
Chord A Up
Chord A Dn
C
Chord
Reverse Coefficients
SOS Diff from Avg (ft/s)
SNR
9:4
1
9:4 :54
2 AM
9:4 :01
2 AM
9:4 :08
2 AM
9:4 :15
2 AM
9:4 :23
2 AM
9:4 :29
2 AM
9:4 :36
2 AM
9:4 :43
2 AM
9:4 :50
2 AM
9:4 :57
3 AM
9:4 :04
3 AM
9:4 :11
3 AM
9:4 :18
3 AM
9:4 :25
3 AM
9:4 :32
3 AM
9:4 :40
3 AM
9:4 :46
3:5 AM
3
AM
Gain
D
100
100
100
Average 100
Performance
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Other Chord Diagnostic Averages
Perf (%)
C
Chord
Data
Factor
B
degree
Multi-point Linearization Coefficients
Chord A
69
69 Gain
Average
20
Meter Calibration Factors (Flow Rates )
SOS
71
71
0
0
0
0
0
Meter Contract Hour
0
Minimum
Meter CRC 0x88C2 @3/2/2006 2:36:41 PM
21.237
Chord D
18000
Low Flow Cutoff
Chord A
%
ft/s
0.005 bbl/pulse
Current Full Scale
Chord B
100
4917.69
200 pulses/bbl
Inverse K 0.005 bbl/pulse
Maximum
Meter Average SOS
FlowVelC (ft/s)
25
1000 Hz
K-factor 200 pulses/bbl
s
Average Performance
18000 bbl/hr
Freq Full Scale 1000 Hz
Chord C
Average
Frequency 2
Full Scale 18000 bbl/hr
FlowVelB (ft/s)
AvgFlow (ft/s)
9:4
1
9:4 :54
2 AM
9:4 :01
2 AM
9:4 :08
2 AM
9:4 :15
2 AM
9:4 :23
2 AM
9:4 :29
2 AM
9:4 :36
2 AM
9:4 :43
2 AM
9:4 :50
2 AM
9:4 :57
3 AM
9:4 :04
3 AM
9:4 :11
3 AM
9:4 :18
3 AM
9:4 :25
3 AM
9:4 :32
3 AM
9:4 :40
3 AM
9:4 :46
3:5 AM
3
AM
11.9353
State/Country Texas
SOS (ft/s)
05-450728
Internal Diam.
71
71
0
0
0
0
Flow Velocities
FlowVelA (ft/s)
FlowVelD (ft/s)
samples
9:4
1
9:4 :54
2 AM
9:4 :01
2 AM
9:4 :08
2 AM
9:4 :15
2 AM
9:4 :23
2 AM
9:4 :29
2 AM
9:4 :36
2 AM
9:4 :43
2 AM
9:4 :50
2 AM
9:4 :57
3 AM
9:4 :04
3 AM
9:4 :11
3 AM
9:4 :18
3 AM
9:4 :25
3 AM
9:4 :32
3 AM
9:4 :40
3 AM
9:4 :46
3:5 AM
3
AM
Serial Number
City Houston
121
Velocity (ft/s)
Station Name Daniel Flow Facility
0
Time
1
9
17 25 33 41 49 57 65 73 81 89 97 105 113 121
Flow Profile
1.2
19.535
2.141
1.23
Chord
A
Chord C
1.017
1.1
Speed of Sound (ft/s)
21.237
0.748
0.726
20.896
0.493
0.703
18.853
1.208
1.401
Uncorrected Flow Rate
QFlow (bbl/hr)
19.535
1
0400
0.9
Chord B
21.237
4918.65
0350
0300
Power loss
00000000
No
1
1.5
Average Flow Velocity
20.551
ft/s
Avg. Uncorrected Rate
10237.8
bbl/hr
0
bbl/hr
Avg. Corrected Rate
Chord A
00000000
Chord B
00000000
Avg. Chord SOS Diff.
0.18
ft/s
Chord C
00000000
Max. Chord SOS Diff.
0.23
ft/s
Chord D
00000000
Field I/O
00000000
Validity
Valid
4918.1
Chord C
20.896
4917.55
Chord D
18.853
0250
0200
0150
0100
0050
0000
4917
17.5
18
18.5
19
19.5
20
20.5
21
21.5
Avg Flow Velocity (ft/s)
4916.45
1
10
19
28
37
Chord A
Chord D
46
55
64
73
Chord B
82
91 100 109 118
Time
Chord C
Average
Flow Velocity Ratios
0.951
0.1
0.065
Chord
A
1.033
0.041
0.037
1.017
0.026
0.04
0.917
0.059
0.067
Pressure and Temperature
FlowTemperature (F)
0.951
Configuration Verified? (Y/N)
Meter Contract Hour Verified? (Y/N)
Events/Alarms Collected (Y/N)/Reviewed (Y/N)?
Remarks
Chord B
1.033
98.4
8
98.2
6
Signatures
Tester:
FlowPressure (psig)
9
Witness:
Date:
98
4
Chord C
1.017
97.8
2
97.6
8
Time
9:43:53 AM
9:43:46 AM
9:43:32 AM
9:43:40 AM
9:43:25 AM
9:43:18 AM
9:43:11 AM
9:43:04 AM
9:42:57 AM
9:42:50 AM
9:42:43 AM
97.2
9:42:29 AM
97.4
9:42:36 AM
1.5
9:42:23 AM
Velocity Ratio
1.25
9:42:15 AM
1
9:42:08 AM
The log report is a snapshot of the meter’s
present performance
0.75
6
9:42:01 AM
0.5
8
9:41:54 AM
Chord D
0.917
Flow Pressure (psig)
System
9:4 :54
2 AM
9:4 :01
2 AM
9:4 :08
2 AM
9:4 :15
2 AM
9:4 :23
2 AM
9:4 :29
2 AM
9:4 :36
2 AM
9:4 :43
2 AM
9:4 :50
2 AM
9:4 :57
3 AM
9:4 :04
3 AM
9:4 :11
3 AM
9:4 :18
3 AM
9:4 :25
3 AM
9:4 :32
3 AM
9:4 :40
3 AM
9:4 :46
3:5 AM
3
AM
0.5
0.8
Status Codes
Standard Diagnostic Terminology (Cont’d)
•
Speed of Sound: (SOS)
-
The sound propagation rate expressed in
Distance/Time….(i.e. Ft/Sec )
The bar for the chord turns yellow if the spread between the
chord Speed of Sound and the Average Speed of Sound
varies by more than 0.35%
The bar for the chord
turns red if the spread
between the chord Speed
of Sound and the Average
Speed of Sound varies
by more than a configurable
factor called “CRange”
Verificación Cross Check (AGA 10)
L (t1+t2)
SOS =
2 t1t2
Ultrasónico
T
SOS = k ρ
Cromatógrafo
P,T
%Ci,P,T
Verificación Cross Check (AGA 10)
•Diferencia esperable entre medición y cálculo 0.3%
•Cross Check de USFM,GC,P y T
Mass and Energy Rates
Average Gas
Velocity
Meter SOS &
AGA 10 SOS
Average Gas
Temperature
Graphic Displays en AMS
Continuous Flow Analysis
Advanced Diagnostics
•
Baseline viewer allows users to immediately see if all advanced
diagnostic parameters are within limits or are indicating flow
disturbances that may effect measurement
Hourly Log
Charts
Generated by
CUI
Hourly Log
Charts
Generated by
CUI
Comparativa con Placa Orificio
Datos:
Q=25MMSCMD, Turnodown = 65:1
P=146 BARG, T=26ºC
Placa Orificio:AGA 3, 4 Puentes 20” SCH140 Con Run
switching
Ultrasónico: AGA 9 , 1 puente 12” SCH120 .
Diferencia de Medición típica = .5%, esto equivale a
125MSCMD (a 0.05 $cents/m3 = u$s6250día)
Instalación Digital
Q Base
= Q Flow
 PFlow 


P
 Base 
 TBase 


T
 Flow 
 Z Base 


Z
 Flow 
Cromatógrafo
Energía y
Composición, %ci
n
 KCal 
= ∑ %c iPCali
PCal
3 
 m  i=1
[ ]
 KCal 
E[KCal] = VBase m 3 PCal  3 
 m 
AGA 7, AGA8
Cross Check AGA 10
Qflow
20D o 3+FP+7D
Ultrasónico,
Qflow por Modbus,
Frecuencia, o
4-20mA
7D
P,T
Resúmen de especificación de performance
Percent Error
Zero flow reading <0.04 ft/sec (for each path)
1.6
1.4
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
-0.0
-0.2
-0.4
-0.6
-0.8
-1.0
-1.2
-1.4
-1.6
Repeatability ±0.4% (qi < qt)
Expanded error limit +1.4% (qi < qt)
Small meter error limit +1.0%
Large meter error limit +0.7%
Maximum peak-to-peak error 0.7% (qi ≥ qt)
Large meter error limit -0.7%
Repeatability ±0.2% (qi ≥ qt)
qt ≤ 0.1qmax
qmin qt
Flow Rate (qi)
Small meter error limit -1.0%
Expanded error limit -1.4% (qi < qt)
qmax
Figure 1 from AGA 9
AGA - 9
Ultrasónicos antes de Calibrar.
0.7
0.5
Percent Error
0.3
0.1
-0.1 0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
-0.3
-0.5
-0.7
Velocity (Feet per Second)
80
90
100
110
AGA - 9
Instalación
AGA - 9
Medición Bidireccional
Tarjeta de opcionales
Series 100 & 200

Características incluidas:
–
Entradas vivas de presión y temperatura
–
Salida Analógica configurable
–
–
Master Serial Port para GC
Ethernet
– HART Series 200 NUEVO!!
– AMS Series 200 NUEVO!!
*Disponible con costo adicional
Evaluación
 Caracterisiticas
únicas:

Calculos AGA 7, AGA 8 Detallado 92;
AGA 10; con entrada viva de P y T

Compensación interna de variación
de Area por P y T!

AMS HART diagnóstico Remoto

Diagnosticos Avanzados CON
HISTORICOS; para mantenimiento
PREDICTIVO
*Disponible con costo adicional
SeniorSonic capacidades de I/O c/ option
board
UNICO!!!!
Optional Local Display
MRT 97
Standard Outputs
4 x Frequency
4 x Digital
2 x Serial (RS232/485)
1 x Ethernet (CUI only)
Gas Chromatograph
Optional Outputs
1 x 4-20mA Analog
Temperature
Optional Software
GC Polling
AGA10 SOS calculator
Archive Logs
Ethernet Diagnostics Comms
Pressure
Optional Inputs
1 x Serial (Modbus Master for GC)
2 x 4-20mA Analog (P&T)
MarkIII Electronics w/S100 Option Board
Evaluación
 Performance

Velocidad de Muestreo; la mas
elevada sin discusión del mercado
insensible a PULSACIONES

Tecnologia de procesamiento de
Señal con menor sensibilidad a
distorsión en el perfil de flujo!!

Mas Veloz haz directo y sin rebote
mejor noción del perfil de flujo
Mejor Performance
Tecnología de Rebote:
Perdida de Noción del
perfil de Flujo, mayor
sensibilidad a la asimetria
en el perfil de flujo implica:
•Acondicionamiento mas
exigente, implica mayor
sensibilidad a la suciedad,
mayor ruido y perdida de
carga
•Mayor error ante la
perdida de un transductor
THE DANIEL PROFILER™
CONDITIONER PLATE
Evaluación
 Sensores

UL Intrinsecamente seguros; implica cambio de
los mismos sin interrupción de proceso y SIN
HACER SHUT DOWN DE LA UNIDAD

Sensores robustos y sin inserción:
– unidad piggiable!!!;
– menor riesgo de roturas;
– no altera la dinamica de flujo, el cambio no
afecta a la calibración
– La suciedad NO AFECTA la medición!
–
Evaluación
Competidor tipico
Unicos Proveedores con la Opción de verificación
de perdida de exactitud ante falla de transductor
SOLO 0.15%
As Found and As Left Results
0.15%!!! Opcional en la
calibración
0.3
% Error
0.2
0.1
0.0
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
-0.1
-0.2
-0.3
Velocity (ft/sec)
Current As Left
Verification Points
Inactive Chord
Linearized Results
90
Calculos @ 4 u$d / MMBTU
4” @ 700.000m3/Dia

Costo pérdida de medición por cambio de transductores

4375 u$d/hora

Costo Por falta ,de exactitud ante la perdida de un transductor
(asumiendo 3% tipico en tecnologia de rebote)

3150 u$d/dia
12” @ 6000.000m3/Dia

Costo pérdida de medición por cambio de transductores

37500 u$d/hora

Costo Por falta de exactitud ante la perdida de un transductor
(asumiendo 3% tipico en tecnologia de rebote)

27000 u$d/dia
Transducer Protrusion
Transductores Daniel
Pequeño = Mejor
•
Unica Frecuencia
•
Mayor Velocidad de muestreo
•
No Insertos
•
Tamaño Unico
•
Mayor Tamaño
•
Menor energia UL!!!!
Evitar
Transudctores
pequeño e
insertos=alto
riesgo de rotura!!!
Evaluación
•
Mayor Frecuencia elimina problema de Ruido de Valvula?
•
RTA: NO!!!!, Las valvulas Whisper Trim generan ruido hasta el
rango de los 500KHZ
• solo reduce tamaño de sensor;
• Sensor mas pequeño mayor riesgo de rotura si se expone,
• Mayor sensibilidad a la suciedad!!!!!