birdwatching - Birding Euskadi
Transcription
birdwatching - Birding Euskadi
BIRDWATCHING PRACTICAL BIRDWATCHING GUIDE Cover photo: Golden Eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) | © Ramón Arambarri Birdwatching from the observation platform of the Nervion waterfall | © Basquetour Red-crested Pochard (Netta rufina) | © Joseba Del Villar Index Introduction.................................................................................4 www.birdingbasquecountry.net....................................................... 7 Valleys and mountains south of the costal range................................10 1 Valderejo Natural Park............................................................... 12 2 Izki Natural Park.......................................................................16 3 Mountains in southern Alava...................................................... 20 Wetlands of the interior................................................................ 24 4 Salburua................................................................................. 26 5 Lagunas de Laguardia............................................................... 30 6 Ullibarri-Gamboa Reservoir........................................................ 34 Estuaries along the Cantabrian Sea coastline..................................... 38 7 Txingudi................................................................................. 40 Mountainous massifs of the coastal range........................................ 44 8 Sierra Sálvada mountain range................................................... 46 Other areas of interest for birdwatchers........................................... 50 Practical guide to other recommended activities................................ 56 Code of ethics for birdwatchers........................................................72 Introduction Discover the Basque Country through birds There are many ways of travelling and discovering a country. This guide contains a selection of the best places for birdwatching in the Basque Country and has been designed to enable you to enjoy the pleasures of watching birds in an exceptional setting and in this way discover what this region has to offer the visitor. You will visit the best-preserved natural spaces, the best wetlands, the best sea cliffs and the best woods while you observe, undisturbed the birds that can be seen in our community. Get to know the Basque Country in a different way. Did you know that…? …of the 563 species that can be seen in Spain, 344 have been observed in the Basque Country. In other words, 61% of all the birds found in Spain can be seen flying across our skies. Of these 563 species, 45% can be found in estuaries such as Urdaibai in Bizkaia or Txingudi in Gipuzkoa. …Izki Natural Park is home to one of the best populations on the Iberian Peninsula, with regard both to numbers and state of conservation, of the rare Middle Spotted Woodpecker. …the best colonies in Spain and Europe of species such as the Griffon Vulture and Egyptian Vulture, can be found in the Basque Country. …the Basque Country can be divided into three, clearly differentiated bioclimatic areas that span a distance of just 50 km. 4 Protected nature in the Basque Country In spite of its small size, the Basque Country offers a range of interesting resources for birdwatchers. Due to the great variety of landscapes and ecosystems found in the Basque Country, a wide range of different types of birds coexist in a relatively small space. Eloquent proof of the high level of conservation of natural milieu and biodiversity in our community is the fact that 20.3% of the Basque territory is included in the Natura 2000 Network (Specially Protected Areas for Birds and Places of Community Importance), 10.6% within the Network of Natural Protected Spaces of the Basque Country and there are seven Wetlands of international importance (Ramsar). Three clearly differentiated areas within a distance of less than 50 km Atlantic Area In the valleys that flow down to the Cantabrian Sea, meadows alternate with “caserios” (the traditional Basque farmhouse), market gardens, hedgerows and copses, to form the typical landscape of the Atlantic countryside, in a setting characterised by its extensive conifer plantations. Further inland, the mountains along the coastal range are covered with shady beech woods and meadows where livestock has grazed from time immemorial. Area of transitional climate The transitional climate of a large part of the interior of the Basque Country allows a broad range of different plant formations to coexist in a small geographical area: Holm oak woods, beech woods and different kinds of oak woods cover the mountainsides, while cereal crops are grown on the valley floors. The presence of high, rocky mountains and several areas of wetlands considerably increase the ornithological interest of this region. Mediterranean Area In the southernmost tip of Alava, between the Cantabria mountain range and the groves of trees that run along the River Ebro, the lands of the Rioja Alavesa are occupied mainly by vineyards. Between these, one can find Mediterranean scrubland and remnants of Holm oak woods, which provide some evidence of the original vegetation of this region. Mendixur | © Basquetour 5 Birdwatching in Txingudi | © Basquetour 6 Black-eared Wheatear (Oenanthe hispanica) | © Joseba Del Villar www.birdingbasquecountry.net Visit the official website of Birding Euskadi • Information on the latest censuses and sightings. • Draw for a number different gifts such as binosuspenders and T-shirts. • Games to test the knowledge of birdwatchers. • Tourist information of interest such as accommodation and restaurants in different areas. 7 Areas recommended for birdwatching in the Basque Country Birdwatching in Euskadi | © Basquetour KEY BIRDWATCHING AREA Valderejo Natural Park Izki Natural Park Mountains in southern Alava Salburua Lagunas de Laguardia Ullibarri-Gamboa Reservoir Txingudi Sierra Sálvada mountain range ATLANTIC BIOCLIMATIC AREA BIOCLIMATIC TRANSITION AREA Foto de portada: Águila real (© Ramón Arrambarri) 8 MEDITERRANEAN BIOCLIMATIC AREA Cantabrian Sea Bermeo Donostia San Sebastián BI-2235 >> Santander Irun A-8 Bilbao Galdakao BI-635 Amorebieta Zalla Karrantza >> France Gernika A-8 Andoain BI-630 Eibar A-8 N-I N-240 A-68 A-15 AP-1 Orduña A-2521 >> Pamplona Altube Luko N-240-A Lalastra >> Pamplona Etxabarri-Ibiña San Millán N-I Alsasua A-2662 A-4338 Espejo London Vitoria Gasteiz N-I Pobes A-132 A-2124 Berlin Santa Cruz de Campezo Miranda de Ebro Paris >> Madrid Peñacerrada A-68 Leza Rome Madrid Laguardia >> Logroño 1:900.000 A-124 0 10 20 30 40 km 9 Valleys and mountains south of the coastal range The areas of rugged terrain in the interior of the province of Alava are mostly well preserved and feature extremely beautiful landscapes and natural spaces of great value. These include large forests of a range of different tree species, and limestone outcrops. In addition to the Atlantic species of the mountains of the coastal range there are birds with a more Mediterranean distribution, forming communities of a diverse array of different species. There are large numbers of forest-dwelling birds of prey (European Honey Buzzard, Booted Eagle, Short-toed Eagle, etc.), while large colonies of Griffon Vultures can be found on the rocky cliffs. Egyptian Vultures, Golden Eagles, Peregrine Falcons and Eagle Owls can also be seen frequently. Recommended birdwatching areas: >> Valderejo Natural Park............................................................... 12 >> Izki Natural Park.......................................................................16 >> Mountains in Southern Alava..................................................... 20 Spring • This is the best time to go birdwatching in these locations. Birds of prey, Choughs and Alpine Swifts enter their nests in the cliff faces and the scrubland and pastures higher up in the mountains are inhabited by summer species. • Moreover, in Izki Natural Park, the best time to look for the Middle Spotted Woodpecker is at the beginning of spring, when this bird is most active and there are still no leaves on the trees. Summer • Young birds of prey fly from the nest, Choughs form large flocks and several small passerines begin their migration. • The period of reproduction of the Honey Buzzard finishes in midsummer and so this is the best time to see it in Izki Natural Park. Likewise, although they do not breed in Izki, Bee-eaters are easy to see at this time of the year in the fields around the park. Autumn • The hedges and bushes of the valley are a good place to see migrating passerines. • This is a good time to look for migrating species in the lakes of the southern part of Izki Natural Park. • In the Mountains of Southern Alava, doves, geese and other birds can be seen from the hilltops in their autumn passage. Characteristic landscape of the mountains south of the coastal range | © Mikel Arrazola Winter •In Valderejo Natural Park, flocks of Thrushes can be seen on the high moorlands and Tits in the pine woods. The Griffon Vulture starts to breed in mid-winter and Falcons and Eagles come into season when spring is still around the corner. The song of the Dipper can be heard in the gorge of the River Puron. • On the leafless branches of the oaks in Izki Natural Park, numerous species of small forest-dwelling birds can be seen, including the Middle Spotted Woodpecker. • In the Southern Mountains, flocks of Tits can be seen in the beech woods of the north-facing slopes, as well as the nuptial flights of Vultures, Golden Eagles and Peregrine Falcons and at night the song of the Eagle Owl can be heard. Valleys and mountains south of the coastal range Cuando ir When to go 11 1 Valderejo Natural Park SPECIES OF SPECIAL INTEREST: Egyptian Vulture, Griffon Vulture, Golden Eagle, Peregrine Falcon, Alpine Swift, Alpine Accentor, Rock Thrush, Alpine Chough, Citril Finch. Valleys and mountains south of the coastal range Griffon Vulture (Gyps fulvus) | © Joseba Del Villar Description • Creation: Declared Natural Park in January 1.992. • Extension: 3.496 ha. •Location: At the western end of Alava, in the municipality of Valdegovia. There are four villages within the park: Lahoz, Lalastra, Ribera and Villamardones, the last two of these being abandoned. •Height above sea level: The highest mountain is Recuenco with 1.240 m. The lowest point is 640 m above sea level. • This area forms part of the Natura 2000 network. It is a Special Protection Area for Birds and a Site of Community Importance. Information Centre Casa del Parque de Izki en Corres Valderejo Park Visitor Centre in Lalastra • Location: Lalastra (Alava). • Opening hours: Open every day of the week except Mondays. Winter: Workdays from 9 AM to 3 PM And holidays from 10 AM to 6 PM. Summer: from 10 AM to 7 PM. • T. +34 945 353 146 • E. [email protected] • W. www.alava.net. >> POINTS OF ACCESS TO THE INFORMATION CENTRE: • From Vitoria-Gasteiz take the N-1 highway to Nanclares de la Oca. Take the road to Pobes, Salinas de Añana and Espejo as far as Villanueva de Valdegovia. In San Millan de San Zadornil, take the road to Lalastra. >> INSTALLATIONS AND SERVICES FOR BIRDWATCHING: • Visitors can get information on birds, the park, routes, activities and services at the Information Centre. Group visits can be arranged only by appointment. 12 Centro de Información • Birds can also be seen from the Cubo Observatory. • Natural Park footpaths. Recommended Route 1. Puron (gorge), Route 3. Puron/ Coronas and Route 8. Portilla footpath. >> OTHER INSTALLATIONS AND SERVICES: • Visitors can get information on birds, the park, routes, activities and services at the Information Centre. Group visits can be arranged only by appointment. • Recreational areas, cultural visits, network of pathways, educational programmes, lecture hall, children’s facilities, accommodation, catering and car park. >> MANAGED BY: • Environment Department of the Provincial Council of Alava. Alto Som / Puerto de Orduña # Ramalejo # 1004 Risca de San Pedro 981 5 -5 BU BU-553 illo Cueto de la Coronilla # 1122 Osma Villamardones Pinedo Terreros # Peña Rubia 1042 917 Peña San Pedro 864 25 2 Valdelamediana 1218 4 A26 22 illo BU 32 -5 Mojón Acuchillado 1354 Mota 1319 Salinas de Añana Tuesta Canto Pero 1201 # Batxikabo # 1201 El Mazo BU -50 4 Basquiñuelas Espejo Barrio # Sobrón Sobrón Water Museum A-21 22 Bachicabo Villambrosa Bergüenda Somo 904 Arreo # Arreo Lake Alcedo Laguna de Arreo Turiso IBAI A Puentelarrá Paúl Viloria # 1083 Gorge of Sobrón EBRO Atalaya Arbígano 907 # Rí o o Omec ill Located at the western end of Alava, Valderejo Natural Park lies in a semicircular valley in which nature and rural life exist in perfect harmony. Atiega Villamaderne A-2622 # Did you know that...? Bellojín # # 30 Escota Cantoblanco 1009 # Carabo 941 Cueto 1367 BU -5 8 km Artaza Villanañe iba ia Costoria 1032 # Kotorrill Barrón San Andres 941 Quejo Nograro e rre ka Villamanca 6 # # Marinda Urbina de Basabe Montemayor 1103 # # Om ec Peñalta # 1127 Guinea Olvedo 932 # Villanueva de Valdegovía Ome c illo Santa Eulalia Cárcamo 0 Gurendes Archúa 1:150.000 Castros, Los 832# 2 BU-553 Alto del Pozo 984 l Fresneda Caranca # Santa Ana 1042 # 1168 Access Kruzeta point # 1171 Pando # 1142 # Rí o Ribera Marinda 984 # Luna Coronas 26 A- Karria # 1130 Solinde 1054# # # 62 A-2 Vallegrull 1226 Astúlez Raso 1044 Corro Peña Colorada # 1131 Information point Repiko # Arriano 1191 A-26 25 # Tobillas iba # ia Arrayuelas, Alto de las 1128 Lalastra # Risco Malo # 1166 Mioma Iñurrita Vadil lo Other areas of interest for birders Basabe # # 1110 l Rodil, Alto del 1031# Lahoz Peña del Agujero 1097 Peñalisa 952 ec Om Valderejo Natural Park Haya, Alto del 1147 # Acebedo Cajuelos # 1121 # Peña Erea Risca 1009 Valluerca Bóveda Arangatxa 923 # Birdwatching area Valleys and mountains south of the coastal range Quintanilla A26 22 Recuenco # 1240 6 Caicedo-Yuso l Fontecha A Leciñana del Camino Molinilla 13 Villabezana Valleys and mountains south of the coastal range Birds Just a few kilometres away... The imposing limestone crags which surround the park are home to the largest colony of Griffon Vultures in the Basque country and also feature rock-dwelling birds such as Choughs and Alpine Choughs, Egyptian Vultures, Peregrine Falcons and Golden Eagles. These birds often look for food in the extensive grasslands and heaths of the Arcena mountain range where one can also find species such as the Dartford Warbler and the Rock Bunting. Holm oak, gall-oak and beech woods, and especially, large masses of Scots Pine cover the mountainsides, the nesting place of forest-dwelling birds of prey such as the Short-toed Eagle, the Northern Goshawk and the Honey Buzzard. The valley bottom is the habitat of a varied community of passerines. The gorge of the River Puron is the habitat of the Dipper. Resident species Griffon Vulture, Northern Goshawk, Peregrine Falcon, Water Pipit, Alpine Accentor, Dartford Warbler, Firecrest, Marsh Tit, Alpine Chough, Chough, Rock Sparrow and Yellowhammer. Summer Species Honey Buzzard, Egyptian Vulture, Short-toed Eagle, Alpine Swift, Crag Martin, Rock Thrush, Bonelli´s Warbler, Red-backed Shrike, Citril Finch and Rock Bunting. Winter species Redwing and Fieldfare. Rock Thrush (Monticola saxatilis) | © Joseba Del Villar 14 More information on page 58 Discover • Salinas de Añana and the Valle Salado. • Sobrón Water Museum. • Sobrón Adventure Park. Visit • Tower House of the Varona family. Close by this Natural Park is the ARREO or CAICEDO-YUSO LAKE Biotope, whose reedbeds are the nesting habitats of Coots, Mallards, Little Grebes, Water Rails and Great Reed Warblers. Except during the breeding season, these species are joined by Pochards, Snipe and Reed Buntings. Further south and shared with the province of Burgos, the gorge that the River Ebro has carved in SOBRÓN is a place of great natural beauty. The great rock walls that run along the side of the river are the nesting habitat of Griffon Vultures, Egyptian Vultures, Peregrine Falcons and other rock-dwelling birds. Valleys and mountains south of the coastal range Interesting places to visit nearby Dipper (Cinclus cinclus) | © Ramón Arambarri 15 2 Valleys and mountains south of the coastal range Izki Natural Park Description • Creation: Declared Natural Park on May 4 1.998. •Extension: 9.143 ha. Location: In the extreme south-east corner of the Montaña Alavesa region. • Towns and villages: Apellaniz, Antoñana, Atauri, Arluzea, Bujanda, Korres, San Roman de Campezo, Maestu, Markinez, Quintana, Urarte, Urturi and Virgala. • The highest point in the park is Mount Kapildui with 1.175 m and the lowest Bujanda with 600 m. •This area is a Special Protection Area for Birds and a Site of Community Importance. Information Centre Izki Natural Park Information Centre in Korres • Location: Korres (Alava). • Opening hours: Open every day of the week except Mondays. Winter: Workdays from 9 AM to 3 PM And holidays from 10 AM to 6 PM. Summer: from 10 AM to 7 PM. • T. +34 945 410 502 • E. [email protected] • W. www.alava.net >> POINTS OF ACCESS TO THE INFORMATION CENTRE: • A-132 Vitoria—Estella Road, in Maeztu take the road that leads to Korres. • A-2124 Vitoria—Logroño Road, via the Herrera mountain pass; in Ventas de Armentia take the road to Markinez. >> INSTALLATIONS AND SERVICES FOR BIRDWATCHING: • Viewpoint of the Antoñana trail. • Natural Park footpaths. Recommended Route 5. Arrieros, Route 14. El Agin, Route 6. El Paseo and Route 7. Marizurieta. Middle Spotted Woodpecker (Dendrocopos medius) | © Ramón Arambarri Izki Natural Park has one of the largest populations of this woodpecker on the Iberian Peninsula. 16 SPECIES OF SPECIAL INTEREST: Honey Buzzard, Egyptian Vulture, Griffon Vulture, Golden Eagle, Peregrine Falcon, European Bee-eater, Middle Spotted Woodpecker, Dipper and Great Tit. >> OTHER INSTALLATIONS AND SERVICES: • Hill walking, cycling and horse riding are some of the activities offered both in the Park and surrounding area. Recreational areas near the Park. The golf course in Urturi, offers golfers the chance to play this sport in natural surroundings. >> MANAGED BY: • Environment Department of the Provincial Council of Alava. Río Berrozi Ay uda l # Information point Cicujano Virgala Menor Leorza Sabando Access point La Campana 854 # Maestu Peña las Cinco 907 San Cristobal 1058 # # o Rí Arco, Peña del 998 Alecha Virgala Mayor Arenaza Birdwatching area u s it Mu E stella # Sáseta Be rro n a Butxisolo 2 Okina In the Montaña Alavesa region, Izki Natural Park is a # 1135 highly forested area and has one of the largest extensions Santa Pezarra of the Pyrenean oak (Quercus pyrenaica) in Europe. 1068 #This forest grows on the sandy soils that make up the basin of the River Izki and is home to a number of large animals such as Wild boar, Roe deer and Wild cat, as well as a good number of forest-dwelling birds. A number of wellpreserved rivers run through the park which is surrounded by mountains and ravines with an abundance of limestone outcrops. There are also a number of artificial pools with several species of aquatic birds. The only population centre located within the Park is Korres. This village, known for the mediaeval-style Arluzeaarchitecture of its buildings, stands at the end of a spectacular gorge, the San Justi habitat of several species of rock-dwelling birds. 1028 Ibisate Apellániz Arburu 1048 Atauri # San Cristobal 964 Ipurtika # 1015 # # Espinal 888 Gustaldapa 933 # # Rebita, Peña 904 # n rro Be Mantxibio 937 # Markinez Hornillo Fe rril ca rro Korres Izki erre ka # ia or V it Izki Natural Park Urarte Antoñana de Soila 993 Gaztelua 867 # a Belabia 973 # E ste Arr oyo # lla Peña del Santo 1042 # # San Román de Campezo CL-127 Izki Bujanda Muela 1055 año 1:100.000 Urturi Quintana 0 Bajauri 1 2 3 Eg a Pariza Valleys and mountains south of the coastal range Kapildui # 1177 e rre Alto del Silo Did you know # 1012that...? 13 A- Pagogan 1029 # Zarmendi San Cristobal 1003 1045 # # ka Los Altos 925 # Arraialde # 1044 4 km Obécuri 17 Valleys and mountains south of the coastal range Birds Just a few kilometres away... The diversity of its plant species and landscapes and the isolated nature of this area favour the existence of an abundant and varied fauna in which birds of prey such as the Northern Goshawk, the European Honey-buzzard, the Short-toed Eagle, the Egyptian Vulture, the Golden Eagle and the Peregrine Falcon are prominent examples. However, the ornithological treasure of the Park is the Middle Spotted Woodpecker, a rare woodpecker that has one of its largest populations on the Iberian Peninsula in Izki. Resident species Griffon Vulture, Hen Harrier, Golden Eagle, Peregrine Falcon, Middle Spotted Woodpecker, Dipper, Marsh Tit, European Nuthatch, Alpine Chough, Common Bullfinch, Yellowhammer. Summer Species European Honey-buzzard, Egyptian Vulture, Shorttoed Eagle, Crag Martin, Bonelli’s Warbler, Red-backed Shrike. Winter species Redwing, Alpine Accentor. In passage European Bee-eater. Viewpoint of the Antoñana trail | © Basquetour 18 More information on page 59 Discover • The Rioja Alavesa. • The Wine Route of the Rioja Alavesa. Laguardia. • Outstanding architectural heritage of the Montaña Alavesa region. Visit • Vitoria-Gasteiz: Its mediaeval quarter, the cathedral and greenbelt. • Artium Museum, in Vitoria-Gasteiz. • Bibat Museum, in Vitoria-Gasteiz. • Wine and Fish Route Interpretation Centre GR-38 “La Traviesa”. Valleys and mountains south of the coastal range Hen Harrier (Circus cyaneus) | © Ramón Arambarri 19 Mountains in southern Alava Valleys and mountains south of the coastal range 3 SPECIES OF SPECIAL INTEREST: Griffon Vulture, Egyptian Vulture, Golden Eagle, Peregrine Falcon, Eagle Owl, Alpine Swift, Rock Thrush, Subalpine Warbler, Western Orphean Warbler, Marsh Tit, Chough. Description • This area forms part of the Natura 2000 network. It is a Special Protection Area for Birds and a Site of Community Importance, within the Sierra Cantabria mountain range. •In this area goes river Ebro that has been declared Site of Community Importance. • Points of access: A-2124 Peñacerrada-Leza Road. Information Centre Izki Park Visitor Centre in Korres • The nearest information centre is the Izki Visitor Centre in Korres. • Location: Korres (Alava). • Opening hours: Open every day of the week except Mondays. Winter: Workdays from 9 AM to 3 PM and holidays from 10 AM to 6 PM. Summer: from 10 AM to 7 PM. • T. +34 945 410 502 • E. [email protected] • W. www.alava.net >> POINTS OF ACCESS TO THE INFORMATION CENTRE: • A-132 Vitoria—Estella Road, in Maeztu, take the turn-off to Korres. • A-2124 Vitoria—Logroño Road, via the Herrera mountain pass; in Ventas de Armentia take the road to Markinez. >> INSTALLATIONS AND SERVICES FOR BIRDWATCHING: • The section of the GR-1 Route (Lagran—Pipaon section), GR-38 Lagran—Puerto del Toro—Laguardia section. • The PR-A 67 is recommended. Santa Teodosia Pathway, PR-A 69. Barrancos de Kontrasta Pathway, PR-A 68. Mojon Largo Pathway. >> MANAGED BY: • Environment Department of the Provincial Council of Alava. 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Tuio # 836 Lendiz N- de I Pobes o ca rr Otazu 02 N-1 Gomecha Morillas The Toloño, Cantabria Ariñez and Montevite Ollávarre Nanclaresfrom de la Ocaeast Ezkibel ranges extend to Subijana-Morillas Anúcita F e rr Ascarza NI Oteros 1038 AP-68 o Ilárraza Matauco Crispijana # Aprícano 80 Argómaniz Zurbano Valleys and mountains south of the coastal range Ullíbarri de Cuartango Lopidana Estarrona a Mendoza Eg Zuazo de Cuartango cano de Navaridas AP-68 IB A IA Baños de Ebro R Elciego IO Sa n El Campillar Laserna Lapuebla de Labarca 1:300.000 Moreda Assa Oyón-Oion 0 2,5 5 7,5 10 km 21 EBR O Valleys and mountains south of the coastal range Birds In just a small geographical area, a range of extremely different biological communities live side by side, reflecting the climatic differences between the northern and southern slopes of these mountains. The shady side is covered with dense beech and gall oak woods, marking the most southerly distribution in the Basque Country of species such as the European Honeybuzzard and Marsh Tit. On the southern slopes, subject to higher sunshine levels and more severely punished by forest fires, deciduous woods give way to Holm oak and sclerophyllous scrubland. Here live species such as the Western Orphean Warbler and Sardinia Warbler and the Rock Bunting. The community of rock-dwelling birds of prey is one of the most important ornithological features of this location, characterised by its very rough terrain and abundance of limestone cliffs. On these, Griffon Vultures, Egyptian Vultures, Eagle Owls and Golden Eagles build their nests, as do other species such as the Alpine Swift and Rock Thrush. The Chough is also very common. Resident species Griffon Vulture, Golden Eagle, Northern Goshawk, Peregrine Falcon, Eagle Owl, Sardinian Warbler, Marsh Tit, Alpine Chough, Common Bullfinch. Summer Species Egyptian Vulture, European Honey-buzzard, Short-toed Eagle, Booted Eagle, Alpine Swift, Crag Martin, Rock Thrush, Blue Rock Thrush, Subalpine Warbler, Western Orphean Warbler, Sardinian Warbler, Bonelli’s Warbler, Rock Bunting. Winter species Alpine Accentor. Red Kite (Milvus milvus) | © Ramón Arambarri) Just a few kilometres away... More information on page 59 Discover • The Rioja Alavesa. • The villages of the Wine Route of the Rioja Alavesa. Laguardia. • Patrimonio arquitectónico singular de la Montaña Alavesa. Visit • Vitoria-Gasteiz: Its mediaeval quarter, the cathedral and greenbelt. • Artium Museum, in Vitoria-Gasteiz. • Bibat Museum, in Vitoria-Gasteiz. • Wine and Fish Route Interpretation Centre GR-38 “La Traviesa”. 22 Valleys and mountains south of the coastal range Characteristic landscape of the Sierra Cantabria mountain range | © Mikel Arrazola 23 Wetlands of the interior Wetlands are home to an extraordinary abundance and diversity of birdlife. In the Basque Autonomous Community, natural wetlands are scarce and today the most interesting from the ornithological viewpoint are artificial or have been restored recently (the case of Salburua). They remain an attraction for birdwatchers throughout the year, although the number of species present in them varies a great deal according to the season. Recommended birdwatching areas: >> Salburua................................................................................ 26 >> Lagunas de Laguardia............................................................... 30 >> Ullibarri-Gamboa Reservoir........................................................ 34 When to go Salburua •Spring. Migratory passage of waders and other aquatic birds in early spring. Breeding season of Storks, Little Ringed Plovers, Marsh Harriers and several species of the Anatidae family. Watch out for species such as the Tufted Duck or the Garganey. • Summer. Large concentrations of White Storks. Ducklings can still be seen and with the lakes at their lowest level, it is surprisingly easy to see Water Rails. One might even see a few chicks. The post-nuptial migration of several species begins, including the Aquatic Warbler. • Autumn. The autumn migration continues with the regular appearance of species such as Spoonbills and Black Storks. • Autumn. The autumn migration continues with the regular appearance of species such as Spoonbills and Black Storks. Lagunas de Laguardia • Spring. Night Herons, Grey and Purple Herons and Marsh Harriers in full reproduction. In April and early May, there are still numerous species in passage. In the surrounding fields, Short-toed Larks and Woodchat Shrikes. • Summer. Breeding species coincide with the first autumn migrants. • Autumn. Although small in number, several species of aquatic birds stop over in Laguardia in their migrations: waders, ducks, Spoonbills, Terns, etc. • Winter. Several species of ducks winter on the lakes, and in the reed beds one can see Reed Buntings. Occasionally, during the winter, enormous numbers of Starlings roost in El Prado. At the end of winter one can already observe the breeding activities of Grey Herons. Ullibarri-Gamboa Reservoir • Spring. Passage of waders and other aquatic birds during the months of April and May. Later, one can see the broods of several species of ducks as well as Coots and Great-crested Grebes. Significant numbers of Grey and Purple Herons and White Storks also breed. • Summer. Breeding species still remain in the Lagoon and are joined by the first autumn migrants, including several species of waders. Concentrations of hundreds of Red-crested Pochards. • Autumn. The autumn migration continues with the regular appearance of species such as Spoonbills and Black Storks. • Winter. Large concentrations of ducks, Coots and Great-crested Grebes. Roosts of gulls and Cormorants. Arrival of northern species following spells of cold weather. Wetlands of the interior Aerial view of Laguardia | © Mikel Arrazola 25 4 Salburua SPECIES OF SPECIAL INTEREST: Gadwall, Northern Shoveler, Common Pochard, Eurasian Spoonbill, Little Bittern, Night Heron, Black-winged Stilt, Water Rail, Aquatic Warbler. Description Wetlands of the interior •Created in 1.994, Salburua has been included among the Wetlands of International Importance of the Ramsar agreement since 2002. It is proposed that it form part of the Natura 2000 Network. Information centre Ataria Interpretation Centre of the Salburua wetlands • Address: Paseo de la Biosfera 4, 01013 Vitoria-Gasteiz (Alava). • Winter opening times (from November 1 to March 31): Mornings: from 10 AM to 2 PM. Afternoons: from 4 PM to 7 PM. • Summer opening times (from April 1 to October 31): Mornings: from 10 AM to 2 PM. Afternoons: from 4 PM to 8 PM. • T. +34 945 254 759 • W. www.ataria.es >> POINTS OF ACCESS TO THE INFORMATION CENTRE: • On foot or by bicycle: Paseo del rio Alegria, Alegria urban pathway (Portal de Zurbano) and Salburua urban pathway (Calle Cuenca del Deba). • By bus from Vitoria-Gasteiz; Line L-3 of TUVISA, Betoño—Zumaquera www. vitoria-gasteiz.org/wb021/http/contenidosEstaticos/adjuntos/28102.pdf. • By car: N-1 Road - N-122 junction - Portal de Bergara junction—Zurbano Road Junction- Fernando Buesa Arena. Buesa Arena car park. >> INSTALLATIONS AND SERVICES FOR BIRDWATCHING: •An information point at the Ataria Interpretation Centre and two bird observatories help you to discover and enjoy all the natural treasures of the wetland complex. • The Vital Azul Route is a self-guided route for persons interested in the birdlife of the park. You can ask for information at the Ataria Information Centre. >> MANAGED BY: • Environmental Studies Centre. Vitoria-Gasteiz Town Hall. White Stork (Ciconia ciconia) | © Joseba Del Villar 26 rra l Arriaga l Betoño Gobeo Asteguieta Salburua ispijana de l Ali Mad rid a Irun l l l l Cementerio de Vitoria-Gasteiz Otazu Ferrocarril Salburua Is a wetland made up of several lakes Aiala surrounded by damp meadows, poplar woods 704 iba ia # and a small oak wood. Located on the outskirts Oreitia of the city of Vitoria-Gasteiz, it was drained years ago for farming. Work to recover the wetlands Irun to their former state began in 1.994 and today Elburgo Salburua is one of the most valuable wetlands inRío Henaio the Basque Country. 663 # Alegría-Dulantzi There are several routes that surround and Gáceta connect the main lakes. The Ataria information Villafranca point and two bird observatories help you to discover and enjoy all the natural treasures of the Añúa Andollu wetland complex. a V itori de Aberásturi a Trocóniz E ste # Gauna lla Gámiz Mendiola e rre Olaritzu 709 Lasarte Ferrocarril Erenchun ka Hijona Bolívar # Kurutzmendi 802 Lendiz 852 Access point Almurrain 879 Mendigurena 843 # Puerto de Azazeta 12 4 as To m / Montes de Vitoria Puerto de Vitoria / Galartza Pico Izartza 1039 998 # to S an # # Rosteta 917 Itxogana 1063 # Saimendi 838 # A-2 Arrieta 1001 Ullibarri de los Olleros # Puerto de Zaldiaran # Monasterioguren # Information point Doroño 906 Eguileta Castillo Other areas of interest for birders oyo Arr San Kiliz 836 # / Izartza Puerto de Okina Azazeta # Doroño Askorri 889 1:100.000 Arrieta BU -7 42 a Gardelegi Birdwatching area Berrosteguieta Eskibel 0 13 To ma s l # Argandoña A-132 2 A- Armentia Gomecha / Ascarza l Arechavaleta Bilboreta 903 Elorriaga a Cerio l l Ezkibel 815 Madrid Arcaya 02 N-1 Matauco carril F erro Etxabarri Urtupiñ Argómaniz Ilárraza 4 Arkaute Zuazo de Vitoria Zaldiaran 978 Salburua 0 N-1 l Vitoria-Gasteiz Did you know that...? Alegría l l Arbulo Junguitu Zurbano 4 13 A-2 o Zad l E-5/E -80 Gamarra Mayor Río ibaia Lopidana l Lubiano Arzubiaga Yurre Wetlands of the interior Abechuco l 0 Ascarza 1 Landarraga 963 # Pagogan 1029 # # # Zarmendi San Cristobal 1003 Okina 1045 # Alto del Silo 1012 Arraialde 1044 Kapildui 1177 # # # Berrozi Butxisolo 1135 # 2 3 4 km Santa Pezarra 1068 # San Vicentejo Ajarte aras 27 o Birds Wetlands of the interior From an ornithological viewpoint, Salburua has a lot to offer. Its strategic situation on the main migration routes means that thousands of birds use Salburua as a stopping place on their journeys, as it offers them a safe haven and abundant food. The Aquatic Warbler, Purple Heron, Garganey and Eurasian Spoonbill are just some of the endangered birds that stop in Salburua during their migratory journeys. Among breeding species, the following deserve special mention: Common Pochard, Northern Shoveler, Grey Heron Little Bittern, while in winter, the wetlands are visited by several species of ducks. But the most emblematic species of the area can be found among the community of mammals: the European Mink (Mustela lutreola), one of the most endangered European carnivores. Resident species Gadwall, Northern Shoveler, Common Pochard, Grey Heron, White Stork, Marsh Harrier, Water Rail. Summer Species Little Bittern, Night Heron, Little Ringed Plover, Blackwinged Stilt. Winter species Greylag Goose, Tufted Duck (breeds irregularly), Common Kingfisher. In passage Garganey (breeds occasionally), Black Stork, Eurasian Spoonbill, Purple Heron, Black Tern, Aquatic Warbler. Just a few kilometres away... More information on page 61 Discover • Salvatierra Region. • Gorbeia Natural Park and neighbouring villages, Murgia (Alava) and the Arratia Valley (Bizkaia). Night Heron (Nycticorax nycticorax) | © Ramón Arambarri 28 Visit • Vitoria-Gasteiz: Its mediaeval quarter, the cathedral and greenbelt. • Artium Museum, in Vitoria-Gasteiz. • Bibat Museum, in Vitoria-Gasteiz. • Santa Catalina Botanic gardens near Trespuentes, Iruña de Oca. Wetlands of the interior Interesting places to visit nearby To the south of the city of Vitoria-Gasteiz, the chain of mountains known as the MONTES DE VITORIA is easily accessible and surprises visitors due to its excellent state of conservation and the variety of woodland that covers its slopes. The broad array of woodland bird species include the Northern Goshawk, the European Honeybuzzard, the Booted Eagle, the Common Bullfinch and the Marsh Tit. Ataria | © Basquetour 29 5 Wetlands of the interior Lagunas de Laguardia Information Centre • • • • Laguardia Tourist Office Address: Calle Mayor 52, 01300 Laguardia (Alava). T. +34 945 600 845 F. +34 945 600 845 F. [email protected] W. www.laguardia-alava.com >> POINTS OF ACCESS TO THE INFORMATION CENTRE: • A-124 Road that runs between the towns of Briñas and Logroño, in the centre of the village of Laguardia. The lake complex lies just a few kilometres from Laguardia, to the east and south-east. Marsh Harrier (Circus aeruginosus) | © Ramón Arambarri Description • Declared a Protected Biotope, it is included in the Natura 2000 Network and in the Ramsar List of Wetlands of International Importance. • It consists of a lake complex made up of four wetlands (Prao de la Paul, Carralogroño, Carravalseca and Musco). 30 SPECIES OF SPECIAL INTEREST: Great-crested Grebe, Night Heron, Grey Heron, Purple Heron, Marsh Harrier, European Bee-eater, Short-toed Lark, Reed Warbler, Great Reed Warbler, Penduline Tit. >> INSTALLATIONS AND SERVICES FOR BIRDWATCHING: • The Prao de la Paul wetlands, the nearest to Laguardia, has an observatory and viewing point which are suitable for birdwatching. There is a signposted route that enables people interested in birds to take the self-guided tour. This path is accessible to persons with disabilities. • The other wetlands do not have observatories although clear views can be had from the adjacent roadway. You can reach them by car or on foot from the village of Laguardia. >> OTHER INSTALLATIONS AND SERVICES: • Guided visits to the wetlands are often organised in the summer months. Guided visits are also arranged for persons with disabilities. To make a reservation call + 34 945 600 845. >> MANAGED BY: • Environment Department of the Provincial Council of Alava. ubialg as z ka- és Gin a ulo Elvillar Birdwatching area Viñaspre e rre A-124 Samaniego Leza ka Laguardia Río Ga lijo Lagunas de Laguardia Navaridas yo Arro l Access point de Rubialg Sa as A12 4 Baños de Ebro n Wetlands of the interior Information point Villabuena de Álava Lanciego o e rre Barranc Ibaia Páganos Other areas of interest for birders Gi né s El Campillar Assa Elciego N-232 RI O Laserna Lapuebla de Labarca 24 A-1 The name Lagunas de Laguardia corresponds to the four wetlands located near this village in the Rioja Alavesa. Three of the lakes are natural, internally-drained lakes, while the one that is closest to Laguardia, the Prao de la Paul, is artificial and origin and owes its existence to the construction of a small dam. Lapuebla de Labarca EBRO 251 LR - LR -11 3 Did you know that...? LR -2 11 l 1:100.000 l 0 1 2 l 3 4 km 31 European Bee-eater (Merops apiaster) | © Ramón Arranbarri Birds Wetlands of the interior These wetlands are the breeding grounds of Mallards, Coots, Little Grebes, Great-crested Grebes, Water Rails and Marsh Harriers, as well as a large colony of Night Herons and Grey and Purple Herons, which breed in the reed beds of the Prao de la Paul. During migration and in winter they are visited by several species of ducks and waders and even the rare Bittern appears from time to time. Likewise, some winters, thousands of Starlings choose the marshland vegetation of these lakes to form part of a spectacular roost. The lakes are surrounded by the typical landscape of the Rioja Alavesa, made up of vineyards, almond tree stands and patches of Mediterranean scrubland, in which birds of limited distribution in the Basque Autonomous Community breed. Examples include the Black-eared Wheatear, the Short-toed Lark and the Ortolan Bunting. Resident species Great-crested Grebe, Grey Heron, Marsh Harrier, Water Rail, Sardinian Warbler, Zitting cisticola. Summer Species Night Heron, Purple Heron, Scops Owl, European Beeeater, Hoopoe, Short-toed Lark, Black-eared Wheatear, Subalpine Warbler, Reed Warbler, Great Reed Warbler, Penduline Tit, Woodchat Shrike, Ortolan Bunting. Winter species Water Pipit, Common Starling, Reed Bunting. In passage Garganey, Common Shelduck, Black-winged Stilt. Just a few kilometres away... More information on page 63 Discover • The villages of the Wine Route of the Rioja Alavesa. Laguardia. • Its megalithic heritage. • Its wineries. Visit • Villa Lucia wine theme centre. 32 Interesting places to visit nearby Wetlands of the interior To the south of Laguardia, the River Ebro runs close to the village of LAPUEBLA DE LABARCA, marking the boundary between Alava and La Rioja. The fertile plains that run beside the river are well-preserved, with the presence of the Lesser Spotted Woodpecker, in addition to a number of small rocky cuttings in which a range of rock-dwelling passerines nest, such as the Rock Thrush and the Blue Rock Thrush, the Crag Martin and the Rock Sparrow. Hoopoe (Upupa epops) | © Ramón Aranbarri 33 6 Ullibarri-Gamboa Reservoir Wetlands of the interior Description •Sections of the Ullibarri-Gamboa reservoir. This is an area of the Ullibarri-Gamboa reservoir that lies within the Ramsar Zone of the reservoir, recognised as a Wetland of International Importance. The main area of interest for birdwatching is the Mendixur Ornithological Park. • The Mendixur Ornithological Park is 15 km from Vitoria-Gasteiz. Access to the park is via the L-623 Road, which links the N-1 dual carriageway (and the N-104 road) with Ozaeta. In the village of Maturana, take the turnoff to Garaio Park, and the first track on the left takes you directly to the Ornithological Park car park. • There is a regular bus service between Vitoria-Gasteiz and Garaio Park during the summer. SPECIES OF SPECIAL INTEREST: Greylag Goose, Gadwall, Northern Shoveler, Common Pochard, Red-crested Pochard, Great-crested Grebe, Purple Heron, White Stork, Eurasian Curlew, Sand Martin. Information Centre Garaio Park Reception Centre • Garaio Provincial Park (Alava). • Opening hours: From January 1 to June 1: Every day from 9 AM to 3 PM. From June to 2 September 2: Mondays to Fridays from 9 AM to 3 PM and weekends and holidays from 9:30 AM to 9:30 PM. From September 3 to December 1: every day from 9 AM to 3 PM. • T. +34 945 181 818 • E. [email protected] • W. www.alava.net >> POINTS OF ACCESS TO THE INFORMATION CENTRE: • The Ullibarri-Gamboa Reservoir Natural Environment Visitor Centre is in the northern section of the Garaio Provincial Park. Access to the centre can be had by taking the same road that leads to Mendixur Ornithological Park. After taking the turn-off towards Garaio Park, go straight on, leaving Mendixur Ornithological Park on your left. The Information Centre is just 2 km further on. >> INSTALLATIONS AND SERVICES FOR BIRDWATCHING: • In Mendixur Park, the Biributxi (1 km) and Errekabarri (600 m) routes reveal a number of the different ambiences of this wetland complex. At the end of these routes, there are three observatories (Carboneros, Buceadores and Trogloditas). >> OTHER INSTALLATIONS AND SERVICES: • Guided visits led by specialised personnel are organised to the Mendixur Ornithological Park and Garaio Park. Talks are organised on different aspects of birdlife. Nest boxes are installed for insectivorous birds, scientific birdringing sessions are organised and bridwatching courses are arranged for beginners. •Get more information and registration on 945181818 (Environment and Landscape Service of the Provincial Council of Alava) or at www.alava.net. >> MANAGED BY: • Environment Department of the Provincial Council of Alava. Eurasian Curlew (Numenius arquata) | © Joseba Del Villar 34 ib Zestafe Ondategi Gopegi # Urrunaga urtegia/ Embalse de Urrúnaga Goiain Urrúnaga Eribe Olano Arratobe # 770 Landa # n Galbarrain 831 A ntig uo # to duc seo Urdingain Urkitza 915 # Arkamo 875 # # l Araotz # a # Mugarriluze 1109 992 # 0 # 1:150.000 # Sekillaga Burgamendi 1152 Gaboño 1081 # 8 km 1175 # Mirubixkar# 1048 Aumategi 11914 2 6 # Elgeamendi 943 # Miritxa 885 # Uribarri Ganboa Uribarri-Ganboa urtegia/ Elgea Ullibarri-Gamboa Reservoir Luko Letona # 897 Ziriano mikelo 888 Mendarózqueta Miñano Menor Apodaka Etxabarri-Ibiña AP-8 Santa Cruz 700 # Miñano Mayor The Ullibarri reservoir lies just a few kilometres to the north-east of Vitoria-Gasteiz. It is the largest Aspea 678 Artaza Foronda # reservoir in the Basque Mendiguren Autonomous Community Foronda and in spite of its artificial origins is one of the l Legarda most important wetlands from the ornithological 4 Mandojana viewpoint. N-6It2 is Aranguiz very easy to go birdwatching Menor points along its shoreline as there are Gamarra numerous Guereña of access. There is a 45 km-long green route Ullívarri-Viña l asYurre around the reservoir well as a birdwatching o Rí Río ibaia centre with two observatories. Lopidana l 6 N- Unda 854 Did you know that...? Amárita de Amaritu # 787 Arroiabe # Nanclares de Gamboa Ozaeta Garaio rra Zad o Antiguo N-240 uct o Ga s od Vitoria-Gasteiz l Urizar 594 Uribarri-Arrazua Durana # # # Mendixur Lubiano E-5/E-80 lZurbano Gebara 727 # Maturana Gebara iba ia # Arzubiaga 34 ka rra Aldaia 793 # Mendibil 21 A- Estarrona o Zad Hermua Barrundia 22 Martioda acio Explan # # Ga Troke 899 # Urbina Betolaza Explanacion Azkorrieta 794 # Berrikano de / Urbina 698 Buruaga Zaitegi # . Eribe # 696 Izuskitza 805 Legutiano F.F.C .C Larrinoa Manurga # Elosu Acosta A62 7 Murua Belar 27 # Uribarri Wetlands of the interior Albertia 868 Iruaitz # Other areas of interest l F err oc Kurutzeberri 755#Arbe Aitzorrotz Bolibar-Ugazua Zarimutz dearril for birders 1133 731 738 #Elorretako Haitza # # ba De 1146 # Santikurutz Gain Information point # 830 Aranguren Txiki ErlaitzArlutz Andarto Txiki # Leintz-Gatzaga 1106 1108 1129 847 # # ## Access # point Atxarro Maruatx Atain 796 Makatzgain 1036 # Bizkarlatza 1087 # 1002 Aizkorri Maiputz Andarto # 1132 # 1076 Maltzaga 1132 1079 # # GI -6 Maroto 864 Urrunaga Reservoir# Urruxola Ametzueta 807 # Rí o Etxaguen (Zigoitia) Eskoriatza # Urkuluko urtegia/ e rre ka o Arro y Alpartizahar 956 Mazmela ag a Gorordo 692 Aozaratza Arkarazo Birdwatching area Goroeta Mendiola Areantza -8 AP l Garagaltza # Ara o tz Antiguo Marin lz Ma Zañartu Larrino Araotz e ka e rr Albina urtegia/ Embalse Albina Ex planacion 20 A-26 aia i Torreauzo Oro Apotz-Etxebarri Apotzaga Aretxabaleta 681 l Santxolopeteg Bedoña l Izurieta Garibai # De b o de Arr oy ko Ol e ta / 0 24 N- Aiaogana 802 Untzilla Gellao Ganboralde Durakogain # 707 # # 815 Asensiomendi Jarindo 896 # Azkoaga Uribarri # árate # Arexola 3 A-62 lde Zubia # 1045 # # # Kurtzetxiki 531 Barajuen Mirugain 698 Kastillo # 816 San Juan Siskina 852 # Oketa # 1031 Gonga Araza Motxotegi 799 # # Pagazuri # 1280 San Bernabe 720 MurugainMurugain 778 778 Ibarra # # Harrikurutze 834 Arroriano 1341 # # 1138 Mekoleta A-2620 0 63 -2 GI 1481 3 54 -2 BI 0 Azero # 971 Otxandio Atxirpe Bastelarra Eneabe # 917 # 851 # # 781 Arralde 945 634 ArangioOrisol Etxaguen 1119 1131 ##Santikurutz 1111 Olaeta Atxuri # 936 #Gorbeia 24 N- Arimekorta # 939 Aldamin 1376 Dulau # # 1152 Anteparaluzeta 20 26 l # Abarokorta 666 Legoaldi # 878 Junguitu Río Aspuru ibaia #Larrea, Cruz de 733 Narvaja Berein 783 # Etura Audikana l Río Arbulo Argómaniz Alegría Larrea Etxabarri Urtupiña Aiala Heredia Dallo Zado rra 35 Purple Heron (Ardea purpurea) | © Ramón Arambarri Birds Wetlands of the interior There are numerous inlets of shallow water with abundant aquatic vegetation, in which numerous pairs of Coots, Greatcrested Grebes, Little Grebes and Mallards breed, as well as rarer species such as the Purple Heron, Gadwall and Northern Shoveler. Birds of prey such as the Booted Eagle, Short-toed Eagle, and Marsh and Hen Harriers breed in the surrounding fields and woods. During migration, in addition to these birds, one can see Garganeys, Red-crested Pochards, Eurasian Spoonbills and even the rare Black Stork or Squacco Heron. Over recent years, in winter, this reservoir receives large groups of aquatic birds, with an average of 10.000 ducks and Coots. The Black-necked Grebe is also common and it is not unusual to see Great Northern Divers. Resident species Gadwall, Northern Shoveler, Common Pochard, Greatcrested Grebe, Grey Heron, White Stork, Hen Harrier, Water Rail. Summer Species Purple Heron, Montagu’s Harrier, Sand Martin. Winter species Greylag Goose, Tufted Duck, Great Northern Diver, Blacknecked Grebe, Marsh Harrier, Peregrine Falcon, Eurasian Curlew. In passage Garganey, Red-crested Pochard, Black Stork, Eurasian Spoonbill, Merlin, Black Tern. Just a few kilometres away... More information on page 61 Discover • Salvatierra Region. • Gorbeia Natural Park. Visit • Vitoria-Gasteiz: Its mediaeval quarter, the cathedral and greenbelt. • Artium Museum, in Vitoria-Gasteiz. • Bibat Museum, in Vitoria-Gasteiz. • Santa Catalina Botanic guardians Trespuentes, Iruña de Oca. 36 Interesting places to visit nearby Wetlands of the interior Very near this location, the URRUNAGA RESERVOIR also contains an interesting community of aquatic birds, although in smaller numbers than in the Ullibarri Reservoir. It is surrounded by well-preserved countryside in which northern birds such as the Red-backed Shrike and Common Bullfinch are common. Great-crested Grebe (Podiceps cristatus) | © Joseba Del Villar 37 Estuaries along the coastline of the Cantabrian sea The main estuaries of the Basque coastline are of great ornithological interest. These attract large numbers of aquatic and sea birds especially during migration and in winter. Recommended birdwatching areas: >> Txingudi................................................................................. 40 When to go Spring • Early spring coincides with the pre-nuptial passage of a large number of species and it is a good time to see waders. Although they are not the most remarkable birds to be seen in Txingudi, in spring one can enjoy the sight of breeding birds such as Little Grebes, Coots, Water Rails and Plovers busy with the job of rearing their chicks. Summer • The post-nuptial migration of reed-dwelling passerines, waders and other aquatic birds begins, and the first seabirds start to move. Autumn • The diversity of species reaches its climax during the migration period. Estuaries along the coastline of the Cantabrian sea Aerial view of the Bay of Txingudi | © Mikel Arrazola Winter • In winter, especially as a result of cold spells and following severe storms, birdwatchers are often surprised by what they see, as numerous species from northern Europe find refuge in the calm waters of the Bidasoa river estuary. 39 Txingudi SPECIES OF SPECIAL INTEREST: Red-breasted Merganser, Great Northern Diver, Eurasian Spoonbill, Little Ringed Plover, Purple Sandpiper, Broad-billed Sandpiper, Sanderling, Mediterranean Gull, Greater Black-backed Gull, Grasshopper Warbler. Description Estuaries along the coastline of the Cantabrian sea 7 • Txingudi Marshes. Designated an Area of Special Protection for Birds and Site of Community Importance. It is also included on the Ramsar list of Wetlands of International Importance. • TThe Bay of Txingudi is shared by the municipalities of Hendaia, Irun and Hondarribia, on the Bidasoa river estuary. It is easily accessible, crossed by major roadways (N-1 road, A-8 motorway, RENFE, SNCF and EUSKOTREN railways) and there is also an airport (Donostia-San Sebastián Airport, in Hondarribia). The distance to Donostia-San Sebastián is about 18 kilometres. Information Centre Plaiaundi Ecological Park in Txingudi • Address: Pierre Loti ibilbidea s/n, 20304 Irun (Gipuzkoa). • Opening hours: Spring-summer: From 10 AM to 2 PM and from 4 PM to 7 PM Autumn-Winter: From 10 AM to 2 PM and from 3:30 PM to 5:30 PM. • T. +34 943 619 389 • E. [email protected] • W. www.euskadi.net/txingudi >> POINTS OF ACCESS TO THE INFORMATION CENTRE: • This is located at the entrance to Plaiaundi Ecological Park. It is just 12 minutes by foot from the centre of Irun. • By car: direct access from the N-1 highway, km 478 towards France. • By public transport: Train (Euskotren-Renfe) Irun station. Bus: Donostia-San Sebastián, Hondarribia and Irun—Hondarribia lines, stops: Paseo Colon and Calle Hondarribia (Irun). >> INSTALLATIONS AND SERVICES FOR BIRDWATCHING: • Plaiaundi has 2 km of pathways, observation huts and towers and a selfguided itinerary for the interpretation of birds and the environment. >> OTHER INSTALLATIONS AND SERVICES: •Guided visits. More information at the Information Centre of Plaiaundi Ecological Park. >> MANAGED BY: •Basque Government. Environment, Regional Planning, Agriculture and Fisheries Department. Eurasian Spoonbill (Platalea leucorodia) | © Joseba Del Villar 40 Pointe de Sainte Barbe Did you know that...? Kosta Txingudi Jaizubia Amute de AJ ES de # GI13 1 245 l -8 0 Osiñaga ibaia rid Onddi 545 l Andoain Buruntza Goiburu Igoin 457 # Ergoiena # Ergoien Altzibar eta Karrika Río # Hirumugarrieta Muganix 758 811 ### Erroilbide # 837 Birdwatching area Arditurri # l / Zuarkazu 465 # Ereñozu # Agiña 442 # Urdaburu 598 Other areas of interest for birders Errenga 794 Aldura # l Endara Alto de Aritxulegi Landarbaso 537 # # Information point Peñas de Aia Zaria 635 # l Bunaniarri 781 Alto de Bandita # Access point / # 1:150.000 # Ma d .C F.F . de .C # # l Oi art zu n Epele Irun Buruntza 441 Erlaitz 497 Pagogaña 482 # Belitz 484 Martindegi Eziago Urnieta # Bidasoa l Akerregi Zikuñaga Oria N-121ª a Santa Barbara Oztaran Agerreburu # # Hernani l l l iba ia San Martzial 249 l Elizalde 132 GI-2 l Santiagomendi Astigarraga 298 Jauregi l Lasarte 131 Irun l Irun l A-8 Iturriotz GI- B ilbao GI-2132 N-I-P l a F.F.C .C . Arragua Ugaldetxo a Añorga N-I-A a C. l Lanbarre l Irun l Bidas o a as o Bid n l l l A-8 l C. .C . F.F Arlegor 545 Aballarri # 635 # Adarra 811 A-63 Río lSa F.F .C . l l 1-M 13 GIl Irun drid Ma 8 GI-263 Pasai Antxo Errenteria Donostia-San Sebastián l l l Mendelu Ipintza Pasai Donibane Lezo l -I GI -2 13 4 S PA l N Ardalakuntza #Mitxintxola KONTXA /# N-10 l GI-2134 ASABARATZA Pasai San Pedro l l Alto de Jaizkibel Jaizkibel 547 Estuaries along the coastline of the Cantabrian sea N63 8 Semisarga Arkoll to Klara Hondarribia Hondarribia 332 ZURRIOLA Les deux Jumeaux Cape Higer Montaña Akartegi er Pu Illurgita ERDIKOPUNTA Puerto MOKO Even though it is not large, Txingudi has the Cantabrian Sea geographical features that make the Basque Country an important place on migratory routes. Located on the estuary of the River Bidasoa, among the last foothills of the Western Pyrenees and the Bay of Biscay, it is the place chosen by continental birds to avoid the Pyrenees Mountains during their migrations and by seabirds and aquatic birds that travel by following the coastline. MONPAS # Lighthouse Higer Río # Pagoaga Añarbeko urtegia/ Embalse de Añarbe Urum ea 0 2 4 6 8 km 41 Osprey (Pandion haliaetus) | © Joseba Del Villar Estuaries along the coastline of the Cantabrian sea Birds Txingudi receives mainly aquatic birds such as Herons and Eurasian Spoonbills, as well as ducks, waders and reedbeddwelling passerines, which use this wetland as a stopover place. Likewise, this small estuary is witness to the abundant passage of land birds, which can be seen in the skies of this region in autumn and spring. The large number of migrating seabirds which, especially following a severe storm, seek refuge in the waters of the estuary also contribute to increasing the already considerable ornithological diversity of this location. Resident species Gadwall, Little Grebe, Peregrine Falcon, Water Rail. Summer Species Little Ringed Plover, Grasshopper Warbler, Red-backed Shrike. Winter species Red-breasted Merganser, Great Northern Diver, Blacknecked Grebe, Purple Sandpiper, Sanderling, Turnstone, Mediterranean Gull, Greater Black-backed Gull. In passage Greylag Goose, Eurasian Spoonbill, Osprey, Green Sandpiper, Whimbrel, Bluethroat, Sedge Warbler, Penduline Tit. Just a few kilometres away... Discover • The Flysch Route (Zumaia—Deba—Mutriku). • Aralar Natural Park and the villages of the Goierri region. • Aiako Arria Natural Park. Megalithic and mining heritage. Visit • Donostia-San Sebastián. •Chillida-Leku. •Hondarribia. 42 More information on page 65 Red-backed Shrike (Lanius collurio) | © Joseba Del Villar The clifftops of Jaizkibel near CAPE HIGER, in Hondarribia, provide a splendid vantage point to see the migratory passage of seabirds, especially following severe storms when Great Northern Divers, Gannets, Shearwaters, Scoters, Razorbills and Guillemots, Gulls and Cormorants can be observed flying near the coast. Very near Txingudi, at the western end of the Pyrenees, PEÑAS DE AIA represent the only granite massif in the Basque Autonomous Community. This is the breeding place of the Griffon Vulture and other rock-dwelling birds and is an exceptional place to observe bird migration. Estuaries along the coastline of the Cantabrian sea Interesting places to visit nearby 43 Mountainous massifs of the coastal range These mountainous areas of the Cantabrian-Mediterranean watershed are among the best-conserved areas of the Basque Country. In this landscape, heath moors alternate with extensive forests, especially of beech and feature broad pastures and sheep-grazing meadows. Several species whose distribution is limited to northern Iberia are common in this area, such as the European Honeybuzzard, Red-backed Shrike, Yellowhammer, Marsh Tit and Black Woodpecker (very local), as well as highland birds like the Water Pipit, Citril Finch and the rare Alpine Accentor. Its rocky cliffs are home to numerous rock-dwelling species, such as the Griffon Vulture, Egyptian Vulture, Peregrine Falcon, Alpine Chough and Chough, Alpine Swift, Rock Thrush, etc. The observation platform over the source of the Nervion River, in the Sierra Sálvada mountain range, offers excellent opportunities for the observation of the last of these species. Recommended birdwatching areas: >> Sierra Sálvada......................................................................... 46 Spring • From any high vantage point where you run no risk of disturbing them, you can see the constant comings and goings of a large variety of rock-dwelling birds to and from their nests. Summer • Griffon Vulture and Egyptian Vulture fledglings fly for the first time and family groups of several species of forest-dwelling birds of prey can be seen. Mountainous massifs of the coastal range When to go Autumn • Mountain passes are a good place to observe the migration of Geese, Doves and several kinds of passerines. Panoramic view of the Sierra Sálvada mountain range | © Mikel Arrazola Winter • Griffon Vultures start their reproductive cycle and Wallcreepers can be seen on some rock faces. 45 8 Sierra Sálvada Mountainous massifs of the coastal range Egyptian Vulture (Neophron percnopterus) | © Ramón Arambarri SPECIES OF SPECIAL INTEREST: Griffon Vulture, Egyptian Vulture, European Honey-buzzard, Peregrine Falcon, Alpine Accentor, Rock Thrush, Chough. Description • Sierra Sálvada mountain range. SPA (Special Protection Area for Birds). • Points of access: From Orduña via the BI-2625. Information Centres Orduña Tourist Office • Address: Foru Plaza 3, bajo, 48460 Orduña (Bizkaia). • Opening hours: Easter and from June 15 to September 15: from 9:30 AM to 2 PM and from 4 PM to 7:30 PM. From April 15 to June 15 and from September 15 to October 15: Mondays closed, from Tuesday to Saturday: from 9:30 AM to 2 PM and from 4 PM to 7:30 PM. Sundays and holidays: from 9:30 AM to 2 PM. From October 15 to April 15: Mondays closed, From Tuesday to Thursday from 9:30 AM to 2 PM, Fridays and Saturdays from 9:30 AM to 2 PM and from 4 PM to 7:30 PM; Sundays and holidays: from 9:30 AM to 2 PM. • T. +34 943 384 384 E. [email protected] W. www.aiaraldea.org Amurrio Tourist Office • Address: Alday, 1 Bajo 01470 Amurrio (Álava) • Opening Hours: from Tuesday to Friday from 10:00 AM to 2 PM and from 5 PM to 7 PM. Saturdays and Sundays from10:00 AM to 2 PM. July and August, from Monday to Sunday from 10:00 AM to 2 PM and from 5 PM to 7PM. • T. 945 393 704 E. [email protected] W. www.aiaraldea.org >> POINTS OF ACCESS TO THE INFORMATION CENTRES: • From Bilbao: Join the AP-68.Take exit 3 towards Llodio and join the Bi-2522. Join the A-625 towards Amurrio. Keep BI-625 and take 1st exit of traffic circle for reaching to Orduña.. • From Vitoria-Gasteiz: Join the AP-68. Take exit 4 towards Ziorraga/Amurrio. Join the A-624 towards Amurrio. Keep A-625 and join BI-625 for reaching to Orduña. • The C3 line of the suburban railway network joins Orduña and Amurrio with BILBAO ABANDO Station. Trains run at intervals of about 40 minutes and train schedules can be consulted online. >> INSTALLATIONS AND SERVICES FOR BIRDWATCHING: • It is recommended to do the PR-BU 45 Clifftop Route, PR-BU 42 Nervion River Source Route. Access route to Delika-Nervion Waterfall and the Txarlazo vulture colony. >> MANAGED BY: • Environment Department of the Provincial Council of Alava. 46 Kuskumendi 594 Izoria 565 Lejarzo iba ia a Añes Madaria Maroño Santa Cruz de Burubio 533 # Ungino 1105 # # Agiñiga Moscadero 1138 # # Iz Artelanda 569 a o ri l San Miguel 538 # # Saratxo Lekamaña #Garate Iturrigorri 1068 Lendoño de Abajo # da iran o-M # # Txibiarte 697 # Bilb San Antón 568 Bedarbide 1041 Kuetes 613 FF CC BI-625 Lendoño de Arriba Mojon Alto 1068 de 579 # Sierra Sálvada Lezama Ferrocarril de # El Somo 1170 5 62 Mendeika Belandia # Urieta 1118 A- n Aro 1127 Larrinbe Amurrio Echegoyen A-625 Eskutxi 1187 0 l Bilbo-Mira nda # Beratza 711 # Aloria Atezabal 1027 # Orduña Solaiera 1039 # Txolope 1027 # # / BI-25 21 Txarlazo 927 BI-2625 Artomaña # Tertanga # Birdwatching area n i de Bilba o Unz Bagate 725 a Delika # Angoño 931 A Information point # -2 62 5 Access point Alto de los Caminos 826 Arando 943 Bertzeta 823 # ia Iba In north-eastern Alava, the Sierra Sálvada mountain range rises like a formidable wall over the valleys of Ayala and Arrastaria in Alava and the town of Orduña in Bizkaia. The steep northern hillsides, which belong to the Basque Autonomous Community, shed their waters into the Cantabrian Sea, while San Sebastián 944 the south-facing slopes, which look towards # the Mediterranean and are characterised by Risca de San Pedro their gentle terrain, belong to the province 981 of Burgos. # io Ne rb Fraideburu 853 Did you know that...? Zunbi-zanba 702 C astejo -55 # Castejo BU Babio 583 Maroño Mountainous massifs of the coastal range Salmantón # # 1:100.000 0 1 2 3 / 4 km Ramalejo 1004 # 47 Birds Just a few kilometres away... Mountainous massifs of the coastal range Over the well-preserved fields in the bottom of the valley, the habitat of species such as the Red-backed Shrike and Wryneck, the mountainsides are covered with woods of Beech, Gall oak and Scots pine, while the tops of the mountains are formed by broad plateaus covered with extensive grasslands and heath moors, where Yellowhammers and Water Pipits abound. The tall limestone crags that crown the mountain tops form an almost continuous 25-km-long wall and are the breeding place of a large community of rock-dwelling birds Including the Egyptian Vulture, Griffon Vulture, Peregrine Falcon, Chough and Alpine Chough, Alpine Swift, Rock Thrush and the Alpine Accentor. One of the best places for observing these birds is the observation platform that looks over the source of the river Nervion, a waterfall that drops more than 200 m, providing spectacular views of the canyon. Resident species Griffon Vulture, Northern Goshawk, Peregrine Falcon, Alpine Accentor, Marsh Tit, Red and Alpine Chough, Common Bullfinch. Summer Species Egyptian Vulture, European Honey-buzzard, Alpine Swift, Crag Martin, Rock Thrush. Winter species Fieldfare and Redwing, Brambling, Wallcreeper. Alpine Accentor (Prunella collaris) | © Joseba Del Villar 48 More information on page 67 Discover • The land of the Ayala family: Orduña, Amurrio, Artziniega, Quejana. • Quejana monumental complex. • The source of the river Nervion. • Txakoli Route of Aiaraldea. Visit • Metropolitan Bilbao. • Urdaibai Biosphere Reserve. •Gernika. • Urdaibai beaches. • Santimamiñe Caves. • Oma Forest. Mountainous massifs of the coastal range Birdwatching from the observation platform of the Nervion waterfall | © Basquetour 49 KEY OTHER BIRDWATCHING AREAS Urdaibai Biosphere Reserve Cape Matxitxako Gorbeia Natural Park Aralar Natural Park Urkiola Natural Park Aizkorri Natural Park Entzia Mountain Range Abra de Bilbao Ordunte Mountains ATLANTIC BIOCLIMATIC AREA BIOCLIMATIC TRANSITION AREA MEDITERRANEAN BIOCLIMATIC AREA Other areas of interest for birdwatching >> Urdaibai Biosphere Reserve........................................................ 52 >> Cape Matxitxako...................................................................... 53 >> Gorbeia Natural Park................................................................ 53 >> Aralar Natural Park................................................................... 53 >> Urkiola Natural Park................................................................. 54 >> Aizkorri Natural Park................................................................. 54 >> Entzia Mountain Range............................................................. 54 >> Abra de Bilbao........................................................................ 55 >> Ordunte Mountains.................................................................. 55 Birdwatching in Euskadi | © Basquetour Cantabrian Sea Bermeo Donostia San Sebastián BI-2235 >> Santander Irun Galdakao BI-635 Amorebieta Zalla Andoain BI-630 Eibar A-8 N-I N-240 A-68 4 A-15 6 AP-1 Orduña A-2521 >> Pamplona Altube Luko N-240-A >> Pamplona Lalastra Etxabarri-Ibiña San Millán N-I Alsasua A-2662 A-4338 Espejo London Vitoria Gasteiz N-I Pobes A-132 A-2124 Berlin Santa Cruz de Campezo Miranda de Ebro Paris Other areas of interest for birdwatching A-8 Bilbao Karrantza >> France Gernika A-8 Peñacerrada >> Madrid A-68 Leza Rome Laguardia Madrid >> Logroño 1:900.000 A-124 0 10 20 30 40 km 51 Other areas of interest for birdwatching Urdaibai Biosphere Reserve The Gernika, Mundaka or Urdaibai river estuary is located where the River Oka flows into the Cantabria Sea and it is the best preserved of all the river estuaries in the Basque Autonomous Community. Declared a Biosphere Reserve by UNESCO in 1984, its water meadows, reedbeds and the areas exposed during low tide represent a strategic stopping place for birds migrating along the Atlantic coast of Europe. These include numerous species of waders, as well as Eurasian Spoonbills, Geese and Ospreys. The numbers of birds that winter in this area are considerable, especially during cold spells, when this river estuary and its environment become a refuge of vital importance for a large number of birds flying in from the North, including a number of birds that are seen only occasionally on the Iberian Peninsula. The river estuary is surrounded by hills covered with dense Holm oak forests and by the typical vegetation of low-lying areas. The cliffs and small islands nearby contain interesting breeding populations of Blue Rock Thrush, Shag, Little Egret and European Storm-petrel. How to get there: From Bilbao, take the N-634 as far as the intersection with BI-635 that crosses the reserve from south to north, between AmorebietaEtxano and Bermeo. More information at: www.torremadariaga.org Urdaibai Biosphere Reserve Technical Office The Urdaibai Biosphere Reserve Technical Office, attached to the Biodiversity Department of the Environment Department of the Basque Government, is located in Gernika-Lumo. Its duties include the work of protecting and monitoring the environmental status of the inhabitants of the Biosphere Reserve as well as the instigation of preservation and/or restoration projects. Examples include a number of restoration and enhancement projects carried out in the Special Protection Areas for Birds within the Biosphere Reserve (Laida dunes, Barrutibaso marshlands, the eradication of invasive plants and animals, etc.). There is also a facility owned by the Basque Government on the San Kristobal sandbanks (Busturia) from which the birds that live or stay in the estuary can be observed. The BI-635 leads to Mungia and Bermeo to the west. There are other local roads that cross the area. The environmental restoration projects promoted by this Technical Office have given rise to an increase in the environmental resources of this protected location, especially with regard to birds. The initiation of the protection and recovery programmes of these singular habitats represents a huge step forward in the conservation of this valuable natural heritage. The Biodiversity Centre of the Basque Country More information at: The basic objective of this centre is to promote, generate and manage scientific and technical know-how to enable decisions and to create an awareness of the value of biodiversity in the Basque Country among our citizens. Located in the Torre Madariaga, in Busturia (Bizkaia), the centre is responsible for disseminating and creating an awareness of the biodiversity of the Basque Country. http://www.ingurumena.ejgv.euskadi.net/r49-12892/es/ It has a permanent exhibition hall and space for temporary exhibitions. Its installations also include an area for holding conferences, education and Marshlands of the Urdaibai Biosphere Reserve | © Basquetour 52 training workshops, as well as an observatory of the marshlands and public documentation centre that focuses on the subject of Biodiversit. And at the Biosphere Reserve Technical Office: Palacio Udetxea, carretera Gernika-Lumo s/n, 48300 Gernika-Lumo. T. +34 946 257 125 F. +34 946 257 253. E. [email protected]. Cape Matxitxako How to get there: on the road that goes from Bermeo to Bakio, once you have passed the Altamira-Gibale quarter of Bermeo, take the first turnoff to the right toward the beach called Arribolas. Just 1.8 km from the crossroads, you will find the Matxitxako Lighthouse parking area, on the Cape itself. Gorbeia Natural Park Mountainous area shared by Alava and Bizkaia which has extensive beech forests, oak woods and heath moorland. The 1480-m-high Mount Gorbeia has a rounded profile, although within the sector belonging to the province of Bizkaia, there is an intricate karst massif, Itxina. Forest-dwelling birds are well represented here and include the Black Woodpecker and mountaindwelling passerines such as the Water Pipit and the Citril Finch. Rockdwelling birds including the Egyptian Vulture and Peregrine Falcon can also be seen. How to get there: The three main access roads to the park are the N-622 Bilbao—Vitoria-Gasteiz via the Altube mountain pass, the N-240 Bilbao— Vitoria-Gasteiz via the Barazar mountain pass and the A-68 Motorway (Bilbao—Miranda). Interpretation Centre of the Central Park of Baias. Sarria (Alava). More information at: www.nekanet.net/naturaleza www.turismoa.euskadi.net Aralar Natural Park Vast mountainous massif belonging in part to the province of Navarre, with peaks of over 1400 m in height. Its slopes are covered with beach and oak woods as well as large extensions of grasslands that dominate the landscape above the tree line. Forest, rock and mountain-dwelling birds, with the frequent presence of the Lammergeier. Other areas of interest for birdwatching To the west of the Mundaka river estuary, and very close to the spectacular landscape of Gaztelugatxe, Cape Matxitxako is the best observation point for migrating seabirds along the Basque coast. Large number of species can be observed from this location, the most abundant of which are the Atlantic Gannet and the Balearic Shearwater. How to get there: Road from the Lizarrusti mountain pass (GI-120), which from Beasain/Lazkao, on the N-1, leads to Etxarri-Aranaz in Navarra, and the GI-2133 road to Amezketa from Alegia and Ordizia. Information Centre Park Visitor Centre in Lizarrusti (Gipuzkoa). More information at: Torre Madariaga | © Biodiversity Centre of the Basque Country www.nekanet.net/naturaleza. www.turismoa.euskadi.net. 53 Other areas of interest for birdwatching Urkiola Natural Park Very rugged, craggy mountains with Holm oak, conifer plantations, Beech woods and meadows dominated by huge limestone crests. It includes an interesting community of mountain birds, with the Citril Finch, Water Pipit, Alpine Chough and even the Alpine Accentor breeding at low altitude. The Griffon Vulture, Egyptian Vulture and Peregrine Falcon breed on the cliff ledges. How to get there: BI-623 regional road between Durango and Vitoria-Gasteiz, via the Urkiola mountain pass. Information Centre Toki-Alai Farmhouse. Alto de Urkiola (Bizkaia). More information at: www.nekanet.net/naturaleza www.turismoa.euskadi.net Aizkorri Natural Park Shared by Alava and Gipuzkoa, it includes the highest mountain in the Basque Autonomous Community, Mount Aitxuri (1551 m). With beech woods, extensive sheep-grazing pastures, such as Urbia, and rocky areas, where forest and mountain-dwelling birds are well represented. How to get there: Via the N-1 Madrid—Irun, next to Alsasua, take the GI-2637 road to Zegama. From Oñate to the Arantzazu Sanctuary, from where you can walk up to the Campas de Urbia. More information at: www.nekanet.net/naturaleza www.turismoa.euskadi.net Entzia Mountain Range This is the continuation in Alava of the Sierra de Urbasa mountain range of Navarre, covered with well-preserved beech woods that alternate with broad meadows and sheep-grazing grasslands. In view of the flatness of the plain that crowns the top of the mountain range, it is a good place to observe birds that can be found typically in beech woods. How to get there: Via the village of San Roman de San Millan and the Alto de Opakua mountain pass. Cape Matxitxako | © David Alday 54 Abra de Bilbao Despite the high level of humanisation, the estuary of the River Nervion in Bilbao is visited by a surprising variety of aquatic and seabirds, mainly in winter and during migration. It is also a good place to see birds that appear on the Iberian Peninsula only on rare occasions. How to get there: Go to the towns of Santurtzi or Zierbena. Mountain range shared with the province of Burgos, with heath moorland and mountain pastures around the summits and beech wood and conifer plantations on its slopes. Forest and mountain-dwelling passerines, woodpeckers and forest birds of prey. How to get there: Via the town of Otxaran-Zalla in the Valle de Carranza. Other areas of interest for birdwatching Ordunte Mountains Cross on Mount Gorbea | © Mikel Arrazola 55 Practical guide What you must not miss if you visit: >> Valderejo Natural Park.............................................................. 58 >> Izki Natural Park or the Mountains in Southern Alava...................... 59 >> Salburua or the Ullibarri-Gamboa Reservoir...................................61 >> Lagunas de Laguardia............................................................... 63 >> Txingudi................................................................................. 65 >> Sierra Sálvada..........................................................................67 >> Anywhere in the Basque country................................................. 71 56 View of the Urdaibai Biosphere Reserve | © Mikel Arrazola 57 If you visit... Valderejo Natural Park Just a few kilometres away... Discover • Salinas de Añana and the Valle Salado. Located 30 km from Vitoria-Gasteiz, next to the town of Salinas de Añana. Declared National Historical Monument, it is one of the most unusual and attractive landscapes in the Basque Country: the white salt pans have been worked in this area since Roman times. More information at www.vallesalado.net. Salt pans in Salinas de Añana | © Mikel Arrazola • Sobrón Water Museum. The Museum explores the ins and outs of this liquid element and emphasises its vital importance, with pioneering museographical techniques. Regional Interpretation Centre and Water Museum, Calle Presa 1, Sobrón. More information at www.museoagua.com. • Sobrón Adventure Park. Activities for the most adventurous and for the family. More information at www. aventurasobron.com. 58 Visit • Tower House of the Varona family. The imposing Tower-House of the Varona family, a spectacular example of military architecture of the 14th century and considered to be the best preserved in Alava, it dominates the surrounding plain on which it stands. More information at www. cuadrilladeanana.es. MORE TOURIST INFORMATION AT: Valdegovia Tourist Office Calle Arquitecto Jesus Guinea 46, 01426 Villanueva de Valdegovia (Alava) T. / F. +34 945 353 040 E. [email protected] W. www.valdegovia.com More information: www.cuadrilladeanana.es www.turismoa.euskadi.net If you visit... Izki Natural Park or the Southern Mountains of Alava Just a few kilometres away... Discover • The Rioja Alavesa. Land of vineyards and a thousand-year-old winemaking tradition where traditional wineries stand beside buildings designed by the world’s great architects. 12.000 ha of vineyards that offer wines under an appellation d’origine, recognised as being one of the best in the world. The attractions of the area are not limited to the “kingdom of the grape” as it also boasts fine examples of its historical and cultural heritage, charming villages and an excellent gastronomy. More information at www.turismoriojaalavesa.com and at www.rutadelvinoderiojaalavesa.com. • The villages of the Wine Route of the Rioja Alavesa. Laguardia. Regional centre of the Rioja Alavesa, this is a beautiful walled town and one of the starting points of the “Wine Route”. Founded in the 10th century as a defensive fortress of the Kingdom of Navarre, the original layout of the mediaeval village, surrounded by walls, is still intact. More information at www.laguardia-alava.com. • Singular architectural heritage of the Montaña Alavesa region. Gorge of the River Puron | © Mikel Arrazola Between valleys and mountains, small medieval towns and beautiful villages, whose walls and turrets, mansions and stately homes, together with ancient churches and hermitages, open their doors to visitors offering eloquent proof of the artistic and cultural wealth of the Montaña Alavesa. More information at www.montanaalavesa.com. 59 Ysios Winery in Laguardia | © Mikel Arrazola Visit • Vitoria-Gasteiz: Its mediaeval quarter, the cathedral and greenbelt. Capital of the Basque Country, known throughout the world for the refurbishing work currently underway on its Old Cathedral (“open for building work”) and its emblematic medieval quarter, the only one of its kind in the Basque Country, Vitoria-Gasteiz is a city with a wealth of history and culture as well as being a modern, well planned and friendly town. This Basque city also boasts one of the highest percentages of green spaces per inhabitant in Europe. More information at www.vitoria-gasteiz.org. • Artium Museum, in Vitoria-Gasteiz. Basque Centre-Museum of Contemporary Art, in Vitoria-Gasteiz. The Musuem offers a broad selection of paintings, sculpture, photography and video by both Basque and foreign artists. It is an absolute must for those who want to see the latest work produced by artists in all these disciplines. More information at www.artium.org. • Bibat Museum, in Vitoria-Gasteiz. Bibat reflects the particular nature of its offer as a museum: two museums, two collections, one heritage. Thus, in this cultural space, which has almost 2000 exhibits and is situated in the heart of the mediaeval quarter, links the modern Archaeological Museum with the Gothic and Renaissance lines of the old Palacio Bendaña, which 60 has been the home of the Fournier Playing-card. Museum since 1.994. The museum contains, therefore, a collection of archaeological pieces of considerable interest and one of the best playing-card collections in the world. • Wine and Fish Route Interpretation Centre GR-38 “La Traviesa”. Located in Lagran, the centre offers information, history, images and characteristics of the mythical Wine and Fish Route that joined the La Rioja Alavesa and the Montaña Alavesa with the Coast of Bizkaia and also offers tourist information on the Montaña Alavesa region. MORE TOURIST INFORMATION AT: Vitoria-Gasteiz Municipal Tourist Office Plaza General Loma s/n, 01005 Vitoria-Gasteiz (Alava) T. +34 945 161 598 F. +34 945 161 105 E. [email protected] W. www.vitoria-gasteiz.org/turismo More information: www.montanaalavesa.com If you visit… Salburua or the Ullibarri-Gamboa Reservoir Just a few kilometres away… Discover • The Salvatierra Region. This charming town is located in the eastern part of Alava, 25 km from Vitoria-Gasteiz. Salvatierra was once a rich town, with mansions, stately homes and fortress-churches. Its mediaeval quarter has been declared a Historic Monument. But there is a lot more to this region than just its capital: Ancient dolmens, mediaeval frescoes hidden for centuries are some of the attractions of this singular region that is well worth a visit. More information at www.cuadrillasalvatierra.com and at www.agurain.com. • Gorbeia Natural Park and neighbouring villages, Murgia (Alava) and the Arratia Valley (Bizkaia). Located between the provinces of Alava and Bizkaia, this protected space is the largest natural park in the Basque Country (20,000 ha). Mount Gorbeia is a traditional reference point in Basque mountaineering and its paths and tracks are use by hikers, mountain bike enthusiasts and horse riders. Moreover, there are a number of areas with recreational facilities. Beech wood | © Mikel Arrazola 61 Visit • Vitoria-Gasteiz: Its mediaeval quarter, cathedral and greenbelt. Capital of the Basque Country, known throughout the world for the refurbishing work currently underway on its Old Cathedral (“open for building work”) and its emblematic medieval quarter, the only one of its kind in the Basque Country, Vitoria-Gasteiz is a city with a wealth of history and culture as well as being a modern, well planned and friendly town. This Basque city also boasts one of the highest percentages of green spaces per inhabitant in Europe. More information at www.vitoria-gasteiz.org. • Artium Museum, in Vitoria-Gasteiz. Basque Centre-Museum of Contemporary Art, in Vitoria-Gasteiz. The Musuem offers a broad selection of paintings, sculpture, photography and video by both Basque and foreign artists. It is an absolute must for those who want to see the latest work produced by artists in all these disciplines. More information at www.artium.org. • Bibat Museum, in Vitoria-Gasteiz. Bibat expresses the particular nature of its offer as a museum: two museums, two collections, one heritage. Thus, in this cultural space, which has almost 2000 exhibits and is situated at the heart of the mediaeval quarter, links the modern Archaeological Museum with the Gothic and Renaissance lines of the old Palacio Bendaña, which has been the home of the Fournier Playing-card Museum since 1.994. The museum contains therefore a collection of archaeological pieces of considerable interest and one of the best playing-card collections in the world. • Santa Catalina Botanic Gardens Trespuentes, Iruña de Oca. The old convent of Santa Catalina stands just 10 km from Vitoria-Gasteiz, next to the town of Trespuentes. Recently it was refurbished and converted into botanical gardens. This beautiful location of 30.000 square metres is the only one of its kind in the Basque Country and in the multiple habitats that have been created, there are 1.200 types of trees, plants and flowers from five continents. More information on: +34 680 470 146. MORE TOURIST INFORMATION AT: Vitoria-Gasteiz Municipal Tourist Office Plaza General Loma s/n, 01005 Vitoria-Gasteiz (Alava) T. +34 945 161 598 F. +34 945 161 105 E. [email protected] W. www.vitoria-gasteiz.org/turismo More information: www.cuadrillasalvatierra.org www.turismoa.euskadi.net 62 If you visit... the Lagunas of Laguardia Just a few kilometres away… Discover • The villages of the Wine Route of the Rioja Alavesa. Laguardia. Regional centre of the Rioja Alavesa, this is a beautiful walled town and one of the starting points of the “Wine Route”. Founded in the 10th century as a defensive fortress of the Kingdom of Navarre, the original layout of the mediaeval village, surrounded by walls, is still intact. More information at www.laguardia-alava.com. • Its megalithic heritage. The Rioja Alavesa has one of the most spectacular dolmen complexes in the north of the Iberian Peninsula. These magical stone constructions were raised in 2500 BC to honour the dead. El Sotillo and San Martin in Laguardia, Los Llanos in Kripan and the Chabola de la Hechicera in Elvillar, are clear examples of this. The last of these is considered to be one of the most important dolmens in the Basque Country as it is the largest and best preserved in the area. La Hechicera Dolmen | © Mikel Arrazola Walking through Salburua | © Mikel Arrazola 63 Visit • Its wineries. Convinced that it is necessary to use the latest techniques in wine production, a number of new wineries have been built, some of which are architectural treasures, such as the Baigorri Glass Cube, the Ysios winery designed by the architect Santiago Calatrava and the Marqués de Riscal complex by Frank Gehry. More information at www.rutadelvinoderiojaalavesa.com. Marqués de Riscal Winery | © Gobierno Vasco • Villa Lucia wine theme centre (Laguardia). An avant-garde museum that offers a spectacular combination of audiovisual effects. It offers a fascinating explanation of all the stages that take place in the preparation of wine. The tour includes a wine tasting session designed to teach visitors how to taste, enjoy and love this universal wine. More information at www.villa-lucia.com. 64 Foothills of Jaizkibel | © Mikel Arrazola MORE TOURIST INFORMATION AT: Laguardia Tourist Office Palacio Calle Mayor 52, 01300 Laguardia (Alava) T. +34 945 600 845 E. [email protected] W. www.laguardia-alava.com. Más información: www.turismoriojaalavesa.com www.turismoa.euskadi.net www.rutadelvinoderiojaalavesa.com If you visit… Txingudi Just a few kilometres away… Discover • The Flysch Route (Zumaia-Deba-Mutriku). Spectacular cliffs located in the western coastline of Gipuzkoa conceal this natural treasure: millions of years of geological history written in successive rocky stata, revealed by the continuous action of the sea. The Flysch Route can be done by boat in a fascinating excursion to see the cliffs from the sea, or on foot: hiking along cliff formations that date back to more than 50 million years. Consult the extensive offer of visits at www.flysch.com. Flysch Route | © Mikel Arrazola 65 • Aralar Natural Park and the villages of the Goierri region. It is one of the large mountainous massifs of the Basque Autonomous Community, located in the south-eastern part of the province of Gipuzkoa. The presence of such well-known peaks as Txindoki and its extensive alpine grasslands and megalithic monuments attract large numbers of mountaineers. Moreover, the park’s recreational areas make it an ideal place to enjoy nature in an exceptional setting. The villages and farmhouses of this area, representative of the countryside of Gipuzkoa are, in themselves, the major attractions of Aralar for visitors in general. For more information, visit the website www.goierriturismo.com or call +34 943 180 285. • Aiako Arria Natural Park. Megalithic and mining heritage. This natural park is located on the edge of the Pyrenees, at the eastern end of the province of Gipuzkoa. Thousands of mountaineers and nature lovers visit this region attracted by peaks such as Aiako Harria and Urdaburu. There are areas equipped for recreational use throughout the park. These, together with the proximity of neighbouring urban areas, make it an excellent tourist destination. However, the park owes its character not only to its natural rock formations but also its ancient mines, the most outstanding of which is the Roman mine of Arditurri. The remains of these industrial operations, which are scattered all over Aiako Harria, give the landscape a surreal appearance: ventilation shafts, mine entrances, railways, etc. That is also the case of military fortifications such as the Erlaitz fort, among others, which represent another kind of heritage present in the area. Moreover, there are a large number of relics from prehistoric times: dolmens, burial mounds and, especially, cromlechs, providing evidence of the funeral rites performed by the ancient Neolithic settlers of this area. More information at: www.gipuzkoaturismo.net. Visit • Donostia-San Sebastián. Besides being built around a beautiful bay, Donostia-San Sebastián is an elegant, exquisite and unique city where people enjoy the delightful tempo of living beside the sea. With its well-earned pseudonym of Bella Easo, Donostia-San Sebastián has the largest number of Michelin stars per square metre of any city in the world. Visitors should not miss taking a walk around the old part and trying the “pintxos” (tapas) in its bars or going for a walk along the seafront that runs around the edge of the Concha Bay or the recently-made path that runs from the “Peine del viento” to the Kursaal Conference Centre. More information at www.sansebastianturismo.com. • Chillida-Leku. In a peaceful forest located in Hernani,12 kilometres from Donostia-San Sebastián, the splendid sculptures in granite and iron of Eduardo Chillida, universal Basque, come to life. More information at www.eduardo-chillida.com. 66 Sierra Sálvada Mountain Range | © Mikel Arrazola • Hondarribia. Attractive seaside town located on the estuary of the River Bidasoa, at the eastern end of the Basque Coast. The town walls, a large part of which are still standing, give it a special appearance. The large numbers of cultural and sporting activities that are organised in the town, together with its famous “fiestas”, are an added attraction for all visitors. More information at www.hondarribia.org. MORE TOURIST INFORMATION AT: Irun Tourist Office Complejo Comercial, Behobia s/n, 20305 Irun (Gipuzkoa) T. +34 943 622 627 HondarribiaTourist Officea Javier Ugarte kalea 6, bajo, 20280 Hondarribia (Gipuzkoa) T. +34 943 645 458 E. [email protected] W. www.bidasoaturismo.com More information: www.turismoa.euskadi.net If you visit… Salvada mountain range Just a few kilometres away… Discover • The land of the Ayala family: Orduña, Amurrio, Artziniega, Quejana. The valley of Ayala, in the Cantabrian region of Alava, is well known for its green woods and meadows. It is protected from southerly winds by the Sierra Sálvada Mountain range, with its imposing rock faces. The mountains extend from Amurrio to Artziniega and their grandeur and beauty make it well worth taking the trouble to visit them. • Quejana monumental complex. Among the treasures to be found in the land of the Ayala family, there is the Quejana monumental complex, declared National Monument of the Basque Country in 1.984. It includes the fortified palace of the Ayala family, the tower –Chapel of the “Virgen del Cabello”, the Convent of the Dominican Mothers and the Sacred Art Museum. More information at www.guiaayala.com and at www.aiaraldea.org. • Orduña. The source of the river Nervion. This spectacular waterfall can be found on Mount Santiago, near the Orduña mountain pass. The waterfall is more than 300 m in height and its peculiar shape in the form of a horse’s tail makes this one of the largest and most beautiful waterfalls to be seen anywhere in the Basque Country. 67 River Nervion Waterfall | © Fontso Fdz. Bustamante • Txakoli Route of Aiaraldea. With a total of 7 wineries, Laudio, Okondo, Orduña and Amurrio offer you the chance to meet the Txakoli Route of Aiaraldea. Visit the “Txakolinerias” with previous appointment and taste their txakolis differentiated by the land and climate of this region. More information at www.aiaraldea.org. Visit • Metropolitan Bilbao. The financial capital of the Basque Country, Bilbao offers much more than just its world-famous Guggenheim Museum. It is a cultured and stimulating city that 68 Bilbao at night | © Gobierno Vasco competes with the great European cities in quality and modernity. Due to the enterprising nature of its inhabitants the city has grown continuously over the years, transforming the banks of the River Nervion forever: the Bizkaia Bridge has been declared World Heritage Site by UNESCO as it is the only structure of its type still in operation. More information at www.bilbao.net or www.bizkaia.net. • Urdaibai Biosphere Reserve. Declared Biosphere Reserve by UNESCO in 1984. In this spectacular location, one can find what is probably the greatest landscape and ecological diversity in the Basque Autonomous Community, home to species of unquestionable naturalistic value. More information at www.euskadi.net/laeis. •Gernika. Historic town, famous for its Assembly House and mythical oak tree, the universal symbol of all Basques. It is here, also, where important ceremonies take place such as the swearing in of the “Lehendakari”, or President of the Basque Government. Gernika is also famous for its popular market on Mondays, the most important in the Basque Country, where the best produce of market gardens and farms all over Bizkaia is sold. More information at www.gernika-lumo.net. Oma Forest | © José Bernal 69 • Urdaibai beaches. Ideal places to relax and swim, the beaches of the Urdaibai Biosphere Reserve are an added extra for enthusiasts of aquatic sports, surfing and scuba-diving, so much so that Laidatxu beach in Mundaka is famous all over the world for the longest left wave anywhere in Europe. More information at www.busturialdeaurdaibai.com. • Santimamiñe Caves. These have figured in Unesco’s list of World Heritage Sites since July 2.008. These impressive caves contain engravings and paintings dating back to between 35.0009.000 BC. Due to the great demand, visits are by appointment only. Call +34 944 651 657 and +34 944 651 660 or e-mail [email protected]. • Oma Forest. Kortezubi. Basondo District. The main feature is the magical pine forest with trees painted by the painter and sculptor, Agustin Ibarrola. The trunks of these pines depict human figures, animals and geometrical patterns, some of which can only be seen from certain angles, in which the images on a number of different trunks form a complete image. Address: Oma Valley, Kortezubi. More information at www.busturialdeaurdaibai.com. MORE TOURIST INFORMATION AT: Amurrio Tourist Office Alday 1, bajo, 01470 Amurrio (Álava) T. 945 393 704 F. 945 891 645 E. [email protected] Orduña Tourist Office Foru plaza 3, bajo, 48460 Orduña (Bizkaia) T. 945 384 384 F. 945 384 384 E. [email protected] Llodio Tourist Office Lamuza s/n, 01400 Laudio-Llodio (Álava) T. 944 034 930 E. [email protected] Artziniega Tourist Office Plaza de arriba s/n (antiguo consistorio), 01474 Artziniega (Álava). T. 945 396 156 F. 945 396 156 E. [email protected] Orozko Information Point Plaza Zubiaur s/n (Museo Etnográfico), 48410 Orozko (Bizkaia) T. 946 339 823 E. [email protected] Quejana Tourist Office Conjunto monumental (museo de arte sacro), 01477 Quejana (Álava). T. 945 399 414 E. [email protected] More information: www.aiaraldea.org www.turismoa.euskadi.net 70 Moreover, if you visit anywhere in the Basque country... Discover • Our gastronomy. Basque gastronomy, one of the star tourism products of the Basque Country, is, unlike other gastronomies, a cuisine “d’auteur”. Food is part of our culture and is present at all levels of society. Everyone can enjoy this inimitable way of preparing and eating food. It is a luxury within everyone’s reach especially when this is accompanied by one of the world-famous wines of the Appellation d’origine Rioja Alavesa, or of the Appellation d’origine Txakoli, a fresh, young white wine, ideal for fish and light dishes. MORE INFORMATION ON ACCOMMODATION AND OTHER SERVICES AT: www.birdingesukadi.net www. www.turismoa.euskadi.net A typical cod dish | © Basquetour Sunset in the Basque Country | © Mikel Arrazola 71 Birdwatcher | © Basquetour Code of ethics for birdwatchers This code of ethics1 sets out to provide guidelines for birdwatchers to ensure that their behaviour is exemplary at all times. All those who enjoy birds and birdwatching must respect wildlife, the environment and the rights of others. In any conflict of interest between birds and birdwatchers, the welfare of birds and their environment is a priority. This code is an adaptation of the code of ethics of the American Birding Association (http://www.aba.org). 1 72 1 Promote the welfare of birds and their environment. Supporting the protection of habitats is vital for birds. a To avoid causing undue stress in birds by exposing them to danger, exercise restraint and caution during observation, photography, sound recording or filming. • Limit the use of recordings or other methods of attracting birds. Never use such methods in areas where there is a high concentration of birds or for attracting any species that is in danger of extinction, of special interest for conservation or is rare in your local area. • Keep away from nests, courting display areas or important feeding places. If it is necessary to observe, photograph, film or record birds for an extended period of time in places such as those described, try to blend into the natural vegetation. • Restrict the use of artificial light when filming or taking photographs, especially for close-ups. b Before letting others know of the presence of a rare bird, evaluate the potential for disturbance to the bird, its surroundings and other people in the area. Let others know only when you consider that access can be controlled, disturbance minimised and permission has been obtained expressly from the land-owners. The nest locations of rare birds should be made known only to the proper conservation authorities. c Keep to roads, paths and tracks whenever possible, otherwise try to disturb the habitat as little as possible. 2 Respect the law and the rights of others. Do not enter private property without the permission of the owner. a Follow all laws, rules and regulations that govern the use of roads and public areas, both in your country and abroad. b Be courteous in contacts with other people. Your exemplary behaviour will generate goodwill with birdwatchers and the general public. 3Ensure bird feeders, nest boxes and other artificial bird environments are safe. b If you try to attract birds to a specific area, ensure that they are not exposed to predation from cats and other domestic animals. 4Group birdwatching, be this organised or unplanned, requires special care. In addition to the obligations described in the rules set out above, each individual in the group has a number of responsibilities: Respect the interests, rights and skills of fellow birdwatchers, as well as people participating in other legitimate outdoor activities. Freely share your knowledge and experience, except where code 1(c) applies. Be especially helpful in the case of beginners. a If you are witness to unethical birdwatching behaviour, assess the situation and intervene only if you consider this to be wise. If you decide to intervene, inform those individuals that their behaviour is not appropriate and try, within reason, to make them refrain from such behaviour. If they continue, make a note of the details and notify the appropriate persons. Group Leader Responsibilities (amateur and professional trips and tours): b Be a model of ethical behaviour for your group. Teach by word and example. c Try to ensure that groups are kept to a size that does not have a negative effect on the environment and does not interfere with others using the same area. d Make sure that every member of the group knows and puts this code into practice. e Find out and inform your group about any special circumstances applicable to the areas you visit (for example, if sound recorders are forbidden). f Be aware that professional tour operators bear a special responsibility to place the welfare of birds and the benefits of public knowledge above their commercial interests. Ideally, guides should keep a record of bird sightings, document unusual occurrences and send their records to the respective organisations. Keep dispensers, water and food clean. Make sure that they are free of disease or decay. It is important to feed birds continually in adverse weather conditions. a Maintain and clean nest structures regularly. 73 Griffon vulture (Gyps fulvus) | © Mikel Arrazola www.birdingbasquecountry.net