Tourism and tourist attractions in MASHHAD

Editorial
‫مجله داخل پروازی‬
‫هواپیمایی ماهان‬
66 ‫شماره‬
-In the name of God-
Mahan Inflight Magazine
No. 66
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C
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Mashhad............................................................4
Beijing.........................................................11
2014 Oscar Predictions......................................16
Math Number Tricks..........................................20
Crossword......................................................21
Page 4 | No. 66 | November 2013
D o m e s t i c
T o u r i s m
Mashhad is a city located in the northeast of Iran, the center
and capital of Khorasan-e-Razavi Province and the second
largest populated city after Tehran. Mashhad was chosen
as Iran's Capital during the reign of Nader Shah Afshar.
The city features a temperate and variable climate. The
two mountain ranges of Binalood and Hezar-masjed with
high peaks are located in this area converting it to a semimountainous region. The city was officially elected as Iran's
Spiritual Capital by Doctor Ahmadinejad and Parliament
deputies in 2009.
Mashhad, Iran's holiest city, is the capital of “Khorasan-eRazavi ". Mashhad is located 850 kilometers north east of
Iran close to the borders of Afghanistan and Turkmenistan.
It was a major oasis along the ancient Silk Road connecting
with Merv in the East.
Mashhad relates to the burial place of Imam Reza(a.s).
Back in the 9th century A.D., Imam Reza(a.s) was poisoned
and martyred in the city. He is the eighth Imam (head
spiritual leader) of Shi’ite Muslims. Millions of people pay
pilgrimage to the holy shrine, undoubtedly the largest and
most magnificent of its kind, every year. There are plenty
of priceless objects and unique manuscripts in the shrine's
library.
The city's climatic condition is varied with very cold
winters, pleasant springs, usually mild summers and
beautiful autumns. Mashhad is a tourist city with many
hotels of various categories as well as a great number of
guesthouses for the pilgrims who come from the other
parts of the country everyday by tens of flights, trains and
buses.
Mashhad
The capital of Khorasan-e-Razavi
Province, the holiest city in Iran
and a sacred place for pilgrims
Before the martyrdom of Imam Reza(a.s), the city was
known as Sanabad, a small village in the north of Persia.
After Imam Reza’s death, pilgrims came and ended up
staying in Mashhad. The village grew into a small city
because of Imam Reza’s shrine.
The magnificent holy shrine of Imam Reza and the
historical and artistic complex attached to it including the
courtyards, porticos and porches, the Goharshad Mosque
(of Timurid era) as well as its rich museum and library are
the most significant sights to be seen by any visitor and
pilgrim.
There is a magnificent golden dome over the shrine's
building; surrounded by several porches. The Grand
Gohaharshad Mosque is located to the south of the
shrine, the museum and the tomb of Sheikh Bahaee to the
southeast and Parizad and Balasar Schools to the west.
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Mashhad is the hometown
of some of the most
significant Iranian literary
figures and artists such
as Mehdi Akhavan-Sales,
the famous contemporary
poet and Mohammad-Reza
Shajarian, the traditional
Iranian singer and composer.
Mashhad is also known as
the city of Ferdowsi, the
Iranian poet of Shahnameh,
which is considered to be
the national epic of Iran.
Ferdowsi and Akhavan
Sales are both buried in
Tus, an ancient city that is
considered to be the main
origin of the current city of
Mashhad.
Tourism and tourist
attractions in MASHHAD
Holy Shrine of Imam Reza (a.s)
Mashhad is the major trade
center of saffron in Iran.
The mausoleum of Ali ibn Musa Al Reza (a.s) is situated in
Mashhad. By the end of the 9th century a dome was built
on his grave and his shrine was expanded. The first dome
of Imam Reza’s shrine was built under the command of the
Sultan Sanjar, a Seljuq king, and the efforts of his minister,
Sharaf al-Din Ghomi. The dome was made of tiles. But clay
tiles were collected by Shah Tahmasb Safavi and a goldplated dome was built over it. In 1973, the gold-plated dome
was renovated. Shrine of Imam Reza contains a total of seven
courtyards (Sahn).
Peer-e-Palandooz Tomb (the old pack saddler)
Long a center of secular and
religious learning, Mashhad
has been a center for the
arts and for the sciences.
Ferdowsi University of
Mashhad, named after the
great Iranian poet, is located
here.
Mashhad is also home to
one of the oldest libraries of
the Middle-East called the
Central Library of Astan-e
Quds Razavi with a history of
over six centuries. Astan-e
Quds Razavi Museum,
which is a part of Astan-e
Quds Razavi Complex, is
home to over 70,000 rare
manuscripts from various
historical eras. There are
some six million historical
documents in the central
library's foundation.
Some points of interest
lie outside the city
The tomb of Khajeh Morad,
along the road to Tehran; the
tomb of Khajeh Rabi' located
6 kilometers north of the
city where there are some
inscriptions by the renowned
Safavid calligrapher Reza
Abbasi; and the tomb of
Khajeh Abasalt, a distance of
20 kilometers from Mashhad
along the road to Neishabur.
(The three were all disciples
of Imam Reza).
Airport
Mashhad is served by the
Mashhad
International
Airport
which
handles
domestic flights to Iranian
cities and international
flights,
mostly
to
neighboring, Arab countries.
The airport is the country's
second busiest only to
Tehran Mehrabad Airport
and above the famous
Tehran's Imam Khomeini
International Airport.
There are flights from all the
cities which have airport to
Mashhad. The large cities
like Tehran, Isfahan, and
Shiraz have flights everyday
maybe more than 2-3 times
a day.
Rail Road
Mashhad is connected
to three major rail lines:
Tehran-Mashhad, MashhadBafgh (running south), and
Mashhad-Sarakhs at the
border with Turkmenistan.
Some
freight
trains
continue from Sarakhs
towards Uzbekistan and
to Kazakhstan, but have to
change bogies because of
the difference in Rail gauge.
This tomb belongs to Mohammad Aref Abbasi, a great Gnostic
in 10th-century AH. It consists of a square building with an
onion-shaped dome. There are remnants of paintings from
the Safavid era inside the mausoleum and on the roof. This
mausoleum was built in 985 AH.
Harounieh Dome
Harounieh is a cube-shaped building located in Tus. Due to
its greatness, pillars' diameter and dome, the building has a
specific architecture. It is also called "Haroun's Prison". Recent
investigations say that Harounieh dome is a mausoleum or
Khanqah which was built and used in the 7th or 8th century
(AH).
Vakil Abad Forest Park
Vakil Abad, one of the ancient recreation places in Mashhad,
is located in Vakil Abad Blvd. This park consists of a great
number of trees such as pine, cypress and plantain and is
situated in the midst of a flourishing valley. Streams and
pools originating from Vakil Abad aqueducts pass through
this place. There is a zoo in this park where a variety of
mammals, birds and reptiles are kept there.
Vakil Abad Forest Park
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KoohSangi
Bazeh Hoor Fire Temple, Mashad
Koohsangi is one of the oldest and most memorable sights
of Mashhad.It is so called due to two rocky mountains
overlooking the city. This place is ranked as the third most
visited place by tourists after Imam Reza holy shrine and
Ferdowsi’s tomb. The creation of an artificial lake and an
island for birds has attracted a large number of tourists.
This park has been recently developed and expanded. It is
the largest recreation center in Mashhad after Mellat Park.
Koohsangi is one of the most beautiful spots and is situated
on the southern fringes of the city. To the front of this hillock
stands a summer house with a large pool - this pool runs 100
m. in length and 60 m. in width and is fed by subterranean
waters (Qanat) from Gonabad area.
There is a fire-temple in the village of Robat Sefid
(Mashad) and most probably this square shaped
structure dates back to the Sassanian Dynasty.
Ferdowsi Tomb, Toos
The tomb of the great poet Abolqassem Ferdowsi
is in Tus. Tus area was built during the mythological
period by the Iranian hero named Tus, and the great
epic poet of Iran was also buried in the same area.
The tomb was inaugurated during the Ferdowsi’s
Millennium celebrations in 1934. In the year
1964 a few changes were made in the structure.
The internal walls of the tomb are adorned with
sculptures depicting scenes from the ‘Shahnameh’.
Torghabeh
This vicinity boasts of a pleasant climate, in the outskirts of
Mashad , to the west of which stand the Binalood Mountains
and to the north, Takht-e-Rostam Mountains. Torghabeh
which is now considered as one of the cities in Mashhad has
been an ancient rural district in Tus, which is located in the
midst of a flourishing valley. The city has numerous tourist
attractions among Shandiz and Kang and is known as one
of the main tourism sites in Khorasan-e-Razavi Province.
Luxurious and elegant restaurants serving various foods
invite everyone.
Nader Tomb Museum, Mashad
Shandiz
Just outside the complex's official limits is the
splendid 15th-century 72-Martyrs (Shah) Mosque.
The city of Shandiz is located in the northern slopes of the
Binalood heights. The city features a temperate climate, vast
gardens and spectacular natural landscapes and is considered
as one of the major tourist attractions of Mashhad. Shandiz
symbol is a 2700-year-old plantain tree. Cherry is the main
orchard product of this city. The famous food of Shandiz is
6-pieces grilled lamb called Shishlik which is very delicious.
The recreation centers of this resort are as follows: Forest
Park, Golestan tourist complex, Padideh Shandiz complex,
Abardeh ski resort, motorcycle resort, gardens and beautiful
landscapes.
Nader Shah returned Khorasan to the center of
a vast Central Asian empire. Nader’s horseback
statue crowns his otherwise rather dour 1950s
grey-granite mausoleum, which was designed to
emulate the lines of a tent (reputedly Nader was
born and died under canvas). A small museum
displays guns, a rhino-hide shield and four-pointed
hats.
72-Martyrs (Shah) Mosque
Koohsangi
Sun Palace (Qasr-e- Khorshid)
Sun palace was built under the order of Nader Shah Afshar for
storage of the jewelry and trophies in the city of Kalat in 1151
AH. The building construction was continued during Nader
Shah reign and even to the last years of his life in 1160 AH.
The palace contains 12 rooms decorated with paintings and
ornamental works such as plaster moldings. Among the
decorations, pictures of the Kings, Princes and Princesses of
Afshari Dynasty can be seen in dazzling colors.
• Various cities and villages of Khorassan-e-Razavi
province have a variety of local foods such as many
types of ‘Aash’. ‘Ishkkeneh’ and other dishes.
Goharshad Mosque
This mosque was constructed by Goharshad (the wife
of Shahrokh Teimoori), in 821 AH. This mosque has a
large courtyard in the center with four porticos. Beautiful
inscriptions in Thulth script (the work of Shahrokh’s son)
adorn the walls.
• Local Music and Dances, KhorassanRazavi
The music of Khorassan-e-Razavi is one of the
oldest Iranian music which is reflected in different
songs and melodies of the people of Khorassan.
The musical language and dialect of people of
Khorassan, although having common bases are
of different kinds, out of which mention can be
made about the music of Torbat Jaam and Torbat
Heydarieh regions (in eastern and southern parts
of Khrassan) and the music of Bojnurd and Quchan
in northern and western regions of Khorassan. The
basic musical instruments of Khorassan are "Tar",
"Dotar" and "Daff".
Koohsangi
• Handicrafts and Souvenirs, Khorassan-e-Razavi
The important and various types of Khorassan
handicrafts are: Carpet weaving, Silk production,
She'rbafi, Felt carpet, Wool making, Sculptured
work on stone, Turquoise stone, Ceramic work
and Pipe weaving. Other handmade articles are:
Kilim, Giveh, Charoq, Wooden and Metal products,
Paintings on leather, etc.
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F o r e i g n
T o u r i s m
Beijing is the capital of
the People's Republic
of China and one of
the most populous
cities in the world. The
population as of 2012
was 20,693,000. The
metropolis,
located
in northern China, is
governed as a directcontrolled municipality
under the national
government, with 14
urban and suburban
districts and two rural
counties.
Bazaars of Mashhad
•Almas-e Shargh , Northern Khayyam Blvd.
•Bazaar-e bozorg-e markazi ( Central Great Market)
•Bazaar-e Reza (or Bazaar-e Bozorg)
•Kuwaiti Bazaar
•Proma Trade Center
•Saraaye Bazaar-e Reza
•Shargh-Zist Trade
•ZistKhavar
Beijing
Page 12 | No. 66 | November 2013
Beijing is the second largest Chinese city by urban population
after Shanghai and is the nation's political, cultural, and
educational center. It is home to the headquarters of most of
China's largest state-owned companies, and is a major center
for the national highway, expressway, railway, and high-speed
rail networks. The Beijing Capital International Airport is the
second busiest in the world by passenger traffic.
The city's history dates back three millennia. As the last of
the Four Great Ancient Capitals of China, Beijing has been
the political center of the country for much of the past eight
centuries. The city is well known for its rich palaces, temples,
gardens, tombs, walls and gates, and its art treasures and
universities have made it a center of culture and art in China.
Few cities in the world have been the political and cultural
center of an area as enormous for so long.
Over the past 3,000 years, the city of Beijing has had
numerous other names. The name Beijing, which means
"Northern Capital", was applied to the city in 1403 during the
Ming Dynasty to distinguish the city from Nanjing.
History
The earliest clues of human habitation in the Beijing
municipality were found in the caves of Dragon Bone Hill.
Beijing plays an important role in the world nowadays. It is
an ancient city with all of the modern facilities a visitor could
want. This city has some unique cultural aspects that cannot
be found anywhere else in the world. Visitors to Beijing surely
feel overwhelmed and upon leaving Beijing always feel like
there was so much more they did not have time to explore.
Kungfu Show
Wang Fu Jing Snack Street
This snack street is full of delicious snacks that are from every
part of China. The Cafés in this street are extremely popular
with locals and visitors. The restaurants offer wonderful food
in a romantic atmosphere. Once full, visitors can go shopping
in Wang Fu Jing Shopping District. Wang Fu Jing Snack Street
is really an integrated place of leisure and entertainment. It's
a good choice to go at night.
Beijing's Capital Theater
Opera is the national essence of China. With a history of about
200 years, it has been the passion of most of China. Peking
Opera has become popular in Western countries because of
its dazzling costumes, mysterious facial makeup and exciting
martial arts. A lot of people from around the world come to
China to learn Peking Opera. It is highly recommended to
include a Peking Opera performance in your Beijing tour. The
best place to appreciate Peking Opera is in Beijing's Capital
Theater.
Cafés
Beijing's nightlife is always amazing. The city has innumerable
cafés and nightclubs in an unlimited variety of themes. There
are cafés to meet the needs of every person. It is said that
any visitor to Beijing can find their perfect café. The most
recommended café street in Beijing is San Li Tuncafé Street.
Houhai is Beijing's newly developed old town of funky
nightlife full of small cafés. The shine of lights over the lake
Houhai takes on an unreal feeling. Most cafés and restaurants
are individually owned and have their own unique style and
service.
"The Boat" is recommended because it is the only one café
that locates in a boat in Beijing. The atmosphere is romantic
and exciting. Besides café, visitors to Beijing can visit its many
night clubs, massage parlors and tea houses.
Kungfu Show
Kungfu is a traditional Chinese performance art with a long
history. The Kungfu performances are breathtaking, and
always unforgettable.
Beijing a wonderful place to enjoy the Kungfu Show: Beijing
Red Theater, which has performed throughout China, and
around the world, and has received numerous international
awards for their breathtaking feats.
Wang Fu Jing Snack Street
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Page 14 | No. 66 | November 2013
Top
10 Things to See & Do in Beijing
6. Ming Tomedbssite in Beijing.
7. Hutong
Roaming in the neighborhoods of Beijing to
explore local folklore
Another UNESCO list
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the world.
8. Beijing Ducks
They say you’ve never been to Beijing if you fail to taste the world
renowned ducks in its hometown.
9. 798 Art tZoforne
factory complex,
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Beijing Nightlife
3. Forbidden City
One cannot afford to miss the grand palace where 24 emperors of the
Ming Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty ruled China.
lace
4. SummermerPa
Qing Dynasty is a
resort of royal families of the
The imperial sum
ape garden design.
masterpiece of Chinese landsc
5. Temple of Heaven
The complex is a masterpiece of
architecture and landscape design
which simply and graphically illustrates
a cosmogony of great importance for
the evolution of Chinese civilization.
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Page 15 | No. 66 | November 2013
Page 16 | No. 66 | November 2013
M o v i e s
2
0
1
4
OSCARS
PREDICTIONS
Best Actor
Leonardo DiCaprio, The Wolf of Wall Street
Tom Hanks, Captain Phillips
Michael B Jordan, Fruitvale Station
Idris Elba, Mandela, Long Walk To Freedom
Chiwetel Ejiofor, 12 Years A Slave
2013 is a year
of great films,
so categories
may seem a bit
crowded, but
that's just because
there's so much to
choose from this
year!
Here you read the
five top in four
categories:
Best Actress
Meryl Streep, August: Osage County
Julia Roberts, August: Osage County
Cate Blanchett, Blue Jasmine
Sandra Bullock, Gravity
Judi Dench, Philomena
Best Supporting Actor
Mark Ruffalo, Foxcatcher
Michael Fassbender, 12 Years A Slave
Benedict Cumberbatch, August: Osage County
Josh Brolin, Labor Day
John Goodman, Inside Llewyn Davis
Best Supporting Actress
Amy Adams, American Hustle
Cameron Diaz, The Counselor
June Squibb, Nebraska
Margo Martindale, August: Osage County
Lupita Nyong'o, 12 Years A Slave
Page 17 | No. 66 | November 2013
Page 18 | No. 66 | November 2013
Gravity (2013)
A medical engineer and an astronaut work together to
survive after an accident leaves them adrift in space.
Director: Alfonso Cuarón
Stars: Sandra Bullock, George Clooney, Ed Harris,
OrtoIgnatiussen
The Wolf of Wall Street (2013)
Based on the true story of Jordan Belfort, from his rise to a
wealthy stockbroker living the high life to his fall involving
crime, corruption and the federal government
Director: Martin Scorsese
Stars: Leonardo DiCaprio, P.J. Byrne, Jon Favreau, Spike
Jonze
August: Osage County (2013)
A look at the lives of the strong-willed women of the
Weston family, whose paths have diverged until a family
crisis brings them back to the Oklahoma house they grew
up in, and to the dysfunctional woman who raised them.
Director: John Wells
Stars: Meryl Streep, Dermot Mulroney, Julia Roberts,
Juliette Lewis
American Hustle (2013)
Foxcatcher (2014)
The story of Olympic Wrestling Champion Mark Schultz and
how paranoid schizophrenic John duPont killed his brother,
Olympic Champion Dave Schultz
Director: Bennett Miller
Stars: Channing Tatum, Mark Ruffalo, Anthony Michael Hall,
Steve Carell
Labor Day (2013)
Depressed single mom Adele and her son Henry offer a
wounded, fearsome man a ride. As police search town for
the escaped convict, the mother and son gradually learn his
true story as their options become increasingly limited.
Director: Jason Reitman
Stars: Clark Gregg, Kate Winslet, Josh Brolin, Tobey Maguire
Captain Phillips (2013)
The true story of Captain Richard Phillips and the 2009
hijacking by Somali pirates of the US-flagged MV Maersk
Alabama, the first American cargo ship to be hijacked in two
hundred years.
Director: Paul Greengrass
Stars: Tom Hanks, Barkhad Abdi, Barkhad Abdirahman, Faysal
Ahmed
The story of a con artist and his partner in crime, who were
forced to work with a federal agent to turn the tables on
other cons, mobsters, and politicians - namely, the volatile
mayor of impoverished Camden, New Jersey.
Director: David O. Russell
Stars: Christian Bale, Amy Adams, Bradley Cooper, Jennifer
Lawrence
Nebraska (2013)
12 Years a Slave (2013)
A New York socialite, deeply troubled and in denial, arrives in
San Francisco to impose upon her sister. She looks a million,
but isn't bringing money, peace, or love...
Director: Woody Allen
Stars: Cate Blanchett, Alec Baldwin, Peter Sarsgaard, Sally
Hawkins
In the antebellum United States, Solomon Northup, a free
black man from upstate New York, is abducted and sold
into slavery.
Director: Steve McQueen
Stars: Chiwetel Ejiofor, Michael K. Williams, Michael
Fassbender, Brad Pitt
The Counselor (2013)
A lawyer finds himself in over his head when he gets
involved in drug trafficking.
Director: Ridley Scott
Stars: Brad Pitt, GoranVisnjic, Michael Fassbender, Javier
Bardem
Fruitvale Station (2013)
The purportedly true story of Oscar Grant III, a 22-yearold Bay Area resident, who crosses paths with friends,
enemies, family, and strangers on the last day of 2008
Director: Ryan Coogler
Stars: Michael B. Jordan, Melonie Diaz, Octavia Spencer,
Kevin Durand
An aging, booze-addled father makes the trip from Montana
to Nebraska with his estranged son in order to claim a million
dollar Mega Sweepstakes Marketing prize.
Director: Alexander Payne
Stars: Bruce Dern, Will Forte, June Squibb, Bob Odenkirk
Blue Jasmine (2013)
Mandela: Long Walk to Freedom (2013)
A chronicle of Nelson Mandela's life journey from his
childhood in a rural village through to his inauguration as the
first democratically elected president of South Africa
Director: Justin Chadwick
Stars: Idris Elba, Naomie Harris, Terry Pheto, Robert Hobbs
Philomena (2013)
A world-weary political journalist picks up the story of a
woman's search for her son, who was taken away from her
decades ago after she became pregnant and was forced to
live in a convent.
Director: Stephen Frears
Stars: Michelle Fairley, Judi Dench, Steve Coogan, Mare
Winningham
Inside Llewyn Davis (2013)
A week in the life of a young singer as he navigates the
Greenwich Village folk scene of 1961
Director: Ethan Coen, Joel Coen
Stars: Oscar Isaac, Carey Mulligan, John Goodman, Garrett
Hedlund
Page 19 | No. 66 | November 2013
Page 20 | No. 66 | November 2013
Math Number Tricks
Trick 1: Quick Square
Step1: If you need to square a 2 digit number ending in 5,
you can do so very easily with this trick.
Step2: Multiply the first digit by itself + 1, and put 25 on
the end.
Step3: That is all!
Ex: 25 i.e.(2*(2+1))&25
Answer: 625
Trick 2: Multiply by 5
Step1: Take any number, and then divide it by 2
Step2: If the result is whole, add a 0 at the end.
Step3: If it is not, ignore the remainder and add a 5 at the
end.
Ex: 2682 x 5 = (2682 / 2) & 5 or 0
2682 / 2 = 1341 (whole number so add 0)
Ans:13410
Let’s try another:5887 x 5,2943.5 (fractional numbers
(ignore remainder, add 5)
Answer: 29435
Trick 3: Tough Multiplication
Step1: If you have a large number to multiply and one of
the numbers is even, you can easily subdivide to get to the
answer.
Ex: 32 x 125, is the same as: 16 x 250 is the same as: 8 x
500 is the same as: 4 x 1000 = 4,000
Trick 4: Subtracting from 1,000
Step1:To subtract a large number from 1,000 you can use
this basic rule: subtract all but the last number from 9, then
subtract the last number from 10:
Ex:1000-648
Subtract 6 from 9 = 3
Subtract 4 from 9 = 5
Subtract 8 from 10 = 2
Answer: 352
Across
1. Enthusiastic
5. Detection by radio
9. Factory
10. Transferrable sticker
11. Copper and zinc alloy
13. Dehumidifier
15. Person who owns a ranch
16. Pertaining to the sun
21. Of no use
24. Weapon
26. Risky
28. Make merry
29. Lofty
30. Pierced with horns
31. Full of germs
Down
1. Cinder
2. Atmosphere
3. Stare angrily
4. "Born Free" lioness
5. Carrot-topped
6. Area of land
7. Store that sells milk
products
8. Alcoholic drink
12. Balked
14. Pest
17. Donkey
18. Eccentric
19. Academy award
20. Coyly
22. Rescue
23. Location
25. In favor of
27. Tree