Gdański Program Rewitalizacji

Hopes and expectations before Euro 2012 in Poland
The impact of the biggest sports event in the country’s history
on the host-cities’ development. Gdansk case study
Małgorzata Kostrzewska MArch, Ph.D., Magdalena Rembeza MArch, Ph.D.
Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Architecture
From April 2007 to May 2012
April 2007 – decision to host Euro 2012 in Poland and Ukraine
- Four host-cities: Warsaw, Wroclaw, Poznan, Gdansk
- Inadequate state of existing infrastructure:
- Road infrastructure (highway system)
- Sport infrastructure (stadiums)
- Luxurious hotels
- The challenge: to equip host-cities with the necessary infrastructure at the level
required by the UEFA in just 5 years
- Changes in the approach of municipal authorities to various spatial projects and
investments under the influence of the organization of Euro 2012
Host-cities:
- The need to build new or modernize existing
facilities in all four host-cities
- Acceleration of the investments in the
transportation infrastructure
- Regeneration of Letnica district in Gdansk
(neighborhood of the stadium location)
- A different approach to the construction of
stadiums in the host-cities
Gdansk. Regeneration of Letnica district
- No appropriate stadium in Gdansk in 2007
- Several localizations taken under consideration
- Final choice of local authorities – Letnica district
- Socially and spatially degradated semi-industrial
district with a large area of garden allotments
Local Regeneration Programme
- LRP prepared and appointed in 2004 by Gdansk authorities
- LRP is a main tool in coordinating the chosen policies of the
city in the areas of economic and social degradation
- LRP is decentralised and placed mainly at the level of
micro-programmes realized within particular districts
- Choice of 13 degraded areas for regeneration
- 7 basic criteria:
- a high level of inhabitants’ redundancy
- a low level of inhabitants’ education
- a low level of entrepreneurship of inhabitants
and a high level of social exclusion
- pollution of the natural environment
- a high number of culturally valuable buildings
- bad technical condition of existing buildings
- lack of appropriate technical infrastructure
Local Regeneration Programme
- Areas of key importance for the city among those 13
selected: Dolne Miasto (Low City), Orunia,
Biskupia Górka (Bishop’s Hill)
- No Letnica among 13 selected areas because because of its
less importance for the city than other districts
and a relatively low number of inhabitants
- Change of city priorities after the decision to locate the
stadium for Euro 2012 in Letnica
Local Regeneration Programme
- Evaluation by the LRP in 2006 - the district
of Letnica appeared in the
regeneration program due to the
forthcoming Euro 2012 event
- 2007, just after the UFEA decision –
emergence of the Department of
Urban Regeneration in the
municipality of Gdansk
- The first „product” – the report on Letnica
History of Letnica
- Dating to the second half of XIX century
- Industrial district with factories and industrial plants
(glassworks, steelworks, factory of fertilizers,
screws and rivets)
- The brick housing estate accompanying the industrial
buildings and the urban structure from the
end of XIX century
- After the II World War – the home of city-dwellers
ejected from other districts for not paying
rents
- Therefore as a marginal localization - gradual degradation
of the district
Regeneration of the Letnica district
- Development of the main public spaces: street, squares,
parks inside the urban blocks, creating playgrounds
- Supporting the local enterprise
- The adaptation of the former school building for cultural and
social purposes leading to social integration
- Increasing the number of work places
- Making order in backyards and courtyards in existing
urban blocks
- Preparing plots for new investments such as housing,
commerce, culture, education, tourism
- Improvement of the transportation infrastructure
Social aspects of the regeneration and stadium construction
- Negative attitude of the owners of Letnica’s garden allotments
- the stadium construction in a place of garden allotments
- protests against their liquidation
- 487 owners forced to leave their properties
- opening of new gardens in Krakowiec district
- compensation the loss of the former owners of Letnica’s
allotments
+ Positive attitude of Letnica’s residents
- conviction of the stadium importance for their district in
the next years
- hope for new businesses or work places
- improvement of the life quality
-/+
- 80 families from Letnica had to be resettled to new
locations due to demolition of several houses
(better living conditions but loss of homeplace)
The City of Gdańsk policy with regard
to the degraded areas:
the policy of rehabilitation:
- various actions aimed at solving
defined technical, social and economic
problems
Wydział Urbanistyki, Architektury i Ochrony Zabytków
Referat Rewitalizacji
Department of Urban Planning, Construction and Historic Site Protection
Office of Urban Revitalization, May 2009
The City of Gdańsk policy with regard
to the degraded areas:
the policy of revitalization:
-integrated actions of technical,
economic and social nature aimed at
improving living conditions ,
functionality and aesthetic qualities of
the degraded units and features
Wydział Urbanistyki, Architektury i Ochrony Zabytków
Referat Rewitalizacji
Department of Urban Planning, Construction and Historic Site Protection
Office of Urban Revitalization, May 2009
The City of Gdańsk policy with regard
to the degraded areas:
the policy of transformation:
- technical actions involving partial or
complete destruction of the existing
structures aimed at changing the
function of particular areas,
Department of Urban Planning, Construction and Historic Site Protection
Office of Urban Revitalization, May 2009
The City of Gdańsk policy with regard
to the degraded areas:
the policy of humanization:
- various actions aimed at improving
the quality of the urban space
Wydział Urbanistyki, Architektury i Ochrony Zabytków
Referat Rewitalizacji, maj 2009
The
undertakings
in
progress
coordinated by the Office of Urban
Revitalization:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Dolne Miasto,
Nowy Port,
Letnica,
Dolny Wrzeszcz (Wajdeloty Street)
Department of Urban Planning, Construction and Historic Site Protection
Office of Urban Revitalization, May 2009
The Baltic Arena
THE URBAN REVITALIZATION
OF LETNICA DISTRICT
THE CONCEPT OF THE FIRST STAGE
OF REVITALIZATION UNDERTAKING
Department of Urban Planning, Construction and Historic Site Protection
Office of Urban Revitalization, May 2009
THE URBAN REVITALIZATION
OF LETNICA DISTRICT
THE CONCEPT OF THE LAND DEVELOPMENT
Wydział Urbanistyki, Architektury i Ochrony Zabytków
Referat Rewitalizacji, maj 2009
Department of Urban Planning, Construction and Historic Site Protection
Office of Urban Revitalization, May 2009
Current social and spatial effects of Euro 2012
Poland:
- Unprecedented event in the country’s history
- 216 infrastructure investments currently being implemented (stadiums, roads,
especially highways, airports, railways and railway stations)
- Unprecedented progress in transportation infrastructure development
- It is estimated, that Euro 2012 has accelerated the development of Polish road
infrastructure by about 3-4 years
Current social and spatial effects of Euro 2012
Gdansk:
- Development of the axis:
the airport – Letnica – seaport
- Development of ring roads
- New airport terminal – increased airport’s
capacity
- The stadium
Current social and spatial effects of Euro 2012
Gdansk:
- The first stage of Letnica revitalization
- 120 new apartments
- potential for new residents and investors
- social actions involving the residents
- local identity with the place and the event
- Delay of revitalization in other preferential areas, namely
Bishop’s Hill and Low Town, both being of much
greater importance for Gdansk due to their
location and historical values. In these areas
revitalization processes have just started this year
instead of 4 years ago.
fot. UMG
Expected long-term effects of Euro 2012
- Increase of touristic attractiveness of the host-cities and the country
according to so called „Barcelona effect”
- Improvement of transport infrastructure
- Strenghtening the image of Polish cities, increasing their prestige and
competitiveness
Issue of particular concern:
- The result of the future use of the stadiums
IMPACT Report - conclusions
- Effects of development of transportation infrastructure in Poland would
be relatively stronger in comparison with those of previous hostcountries, as their road, railway, airport and city infrastructure had been
much more developed
- The organization of Euro 2012 can be regarded as a “positive external
shock”, resulting in sustainable increase of productivity level and Polish
GDP, which, without Euro 2012 stimulus, would occur much later
- 77.5 percent of GDP growth will result from the development of
infrastructure investments
- Further sources of GDP growth, in terms of importance, are following:
acceleration of foreign direct investments, an increase in tourism
consumption and the use of stadiums and team base camps
Summary
- Except for direct, spatial effects of organizing Euro 2012 in the form of
developed sport and transportation infrastructure and regeneration of
Letnica district, other effects are still potential and are the result of
analyses, scenarios and forecasts
- Even the most pessimistic scenarios assume positive impact of Euro
2012 on functioning of Polish cities and economy
- Most concerns stem from the uncertain way of future use of the
stadiums
- The new stadiums will not solve the problem of the insufficient amount
of public sport facilities in Poland
References
[1] IMPACT Report on the Impact of Preparations for and Organization of UEFA EURO 2012™ on Polish Economy, edited by
J. Borowski J, Warszawa 2010.
[2] Mróz A., Gdańsk Letnica i jej tajemnice, ibedeker.pl
[3] Piotrowski M., Gdański stadion coraz konkretniej, in: Press materials of Gdansk municipality, source:
http://www.euro.gdansk.pl/euro2012,2,106.html, Gdansk 2008.
[4] Postawka M., Sport in the Space of Contemporary City (in:) Research Yearbook, Akademia Wychowania Fizycznego i
Sportu w Gdańsku, Gdańsk 2005.
[5] Program Rewitalizacji Obszarów Zdegradowanych w Gdańsku - Lokalny Program Rewitalizacji, Gdańsk 2004.
[6] Program Rewitalizacji Obszarów Zdegradowanych w Gdańsku. Lokalny Program Rewitalizacji, Gdańsk, marzec 2009,
„Załącznik uchwały nr XXIII/689/04 Rady Miasta Gdańska z dnia 29 kwietnia 2004 roku”.
[7] Rembeza M., Pancewicz Ł.: EURO 2012 in Poland as a catalyst for change and testing ground for new urban
management tools, conference material, Vienna 2010.
Thank you for your attention