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Sohrab Kazemahvazi, 2010-11-23
“There are known knowns. These are things we know that we know. There are known unknowns. That is to say, there are things that we know we don't know. But there are also unknown unknowns. These are things we don't know we don't know.” - Donald Rumsfeld A Graphical Representation New Technology Mature Technology Known knowns Known unknowns Unknown unknowns Must explore unknown unknowns to create new innovations! Safety of Ultra-Light Urban Vehicles - A general overview… Sohrab Kazemahvazi • Co-founder Vehiconomics AB • PhD Lightweight Structures “Impact Loading of Composite and Sandwich Structures” • MSc Vehicle Engineering Outline of Presentation • • • • • Vehiconomics AB & Smite Definition of safety Safety and safety statistics today Urban safety & LUV safety Safety design of Smite Sohrab Kazemahvazi, 2010-11-23 Vehiconomics AB • • • • Founded in 2008 : Håkan, Andreas, Sohrab Environmental friendly and economical vehicles Urban and commuting traffic Developers of the Smite Andreas Sohrab Kazemahvazi, 2010-11-23 Håkan Smite – Lightweight Urban Vehicle • • • • • • • City/commuting vehicle 2 people Electric or gasoline Composite sandwich chassis Approx 150 kg < 0,2 liter / 10 km Target price: €7000 Sohrab Kazemahvazi, 2010-11-23 LUV –Lightweight Urban Vehicles • • • • Type approved as 3- or 4-wheeled MC/moped No regulatory requirements on crash testing Car driving license OK Mainly used in urban traffic Ligier X-Too S Sohrab Kazemahvazi, 2010-11-23 Piaggio MP3 Kewet Buddy Defining safety of lightweight urban vehicles • How are LUV’s different from cars? • Who shall we protect? • What crash test scenarios are most relevant? Safety design of cars Sohrab Kazemahvazi, 2010-11-23 Safety design of LUV Rural and urban accidents 66% 34% Rural Urban 11% 6% 21% Cars 62% 2-wheelers Pedestrian 2% 37% 29% 32% Other Fatal rural accidents Sohrab Kazemahvazi, 2010-11-23 Fatal urban accidents Speed limits where the accidents occur Sohrab Kazemahvazi, 2010-11-23 The EuroNCAP Offset frontal impact into a deformable barrier at 64km/h Side impact by a equal weight vehicle with a deformable zone at 50km/h Sohrab Kazemahvazi, 2010-11-23 Expected accidents for LUV • • • • • Collision due to crossing or turning Collision with 2-wheelers Collision with pedestrians Rear end collision Single collision Sohrab Kazemahvazi, 2010-11-23 Collision due to crossing or turning Sohrab Kazemahvazi, 2010-11-23 Collision with 2-wheelers Sohrab Kazemahvazi, 2010-11-23 Collision with pedestrians Sohrab Kazemahvazi, 2010-11-23 Rear end collision scenarios Sohrab Kazemahvazi, 2010-11-23 Single collision scenarios Sohrab Kazemahvazi, 2010-11-23 Single collision – rigid barrier • FE-simulations • Rigidity of safety cell • Estimation of crash pulse Sohrab Kazemahvazi, 2010-11-23 Single collision – rigid barrier @ 40km/h Sohrab Kazemahvazi, 2010-11-23 Some results from experiments • All legal requirements for cars were met • No active safety equipment was used (low cost) • Interior energy absorbents efficient Design of safe small and lightweight vehicle possible! Sohrab Kazemahvazi, 2010-11-23 Safety design of Smite Sohrab Kazemahvazi, 2010-11-23 Safety design of Smite Sohrab Kazemahvazi, 2010-11-23 Some concluding remarks • Significant difference in accident statistics • Rural accidents primarily occur for car • Urban accidents primarily occur for 2-wheelers and pedestrians • Existing safety tests are not good to assess the safety of lightweight urban vehicles • New safety tests have been investigated • Design of a safe LUV, Smite, is in progress Sohrab Kazemahvazi, 2010-11-23 Time for discussion Sohrab Kazemahvazi, 2010-11-23
