docmarine pest identification guide
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marine pest identification guide
MARINE PEST IDENTIFICATION GUIDE KEEP MARINE PESTS OUT OF AUSTRALIAN WATERS MARINE PEST: Aquarium Caulerpa Caulerpa taxifolia Key features • Flattened2Dfronds • Pinnulesupwardcurving • Pinnulesattachdirectly oppositeoneanother • Upto15cmlong (>60cmindeepwater) Habitat • Upto100mdepth;exposed& pinnules shelteredestuaries,coastal lagoons&bays • Rock,sand,mud&seagrass beds 10 cm Impacts • Overgrowsnativehabitat& canestablishvastbedson softsediment,degradingfish habitat • Tanglesinnets&anchors Known locations • Nativeinsubtropicaltotropical AustraliafromPortDenison, WAtoSouthport,QLD • IntroducedtoPortRiver& NorthHavenMarinaSA; 14coastallakesand estuariesinNSW(see www.dpi.nsw.gov.auforall currentlocations). Native distribution Likely to establish See last page for full details on how to report an aquatic pest or disease. What it is not Native species that look similar to the pest Caulerpa scalpelliformis Key Features •P innulesattachalternately,not opposite •Frondsto20cmlong Habitat •P rimarilyexposedrockyreefbut alsosand,mudandseagrass beds •To36mdepth Known Locations •JervisBayNSWtoWhitford BeachWA;Tas 10 cm areas&antifoulyour vesselregularly • Clean&dryequipment beforetransporting &usinginadifferent location • Checkanchors,trailors Caulerpa distichophylla 10 cm What you can do • Inspect&cleanniche Key Features •Shortpinnulesattachopposite, closelyspacedalongmidrib •Frondsto15cmlong Habitat •S oftsubstrateandreefin coastalareas,upto7mdepth Known Locations &otherequipmentfor tangledalgae–Caulerpa taxifolia can live for two weeks out of water & reproduce from fragments as small as 2 mm Learn more Readthenationalbiofouling managementguidelinesfor yoursector. •WAonly:DongarasoundtoKing GeorgeSound Caulerpa cupressoides Key Features •Shortpinnules,attachopposite, widelyspacedalongmidrib Habitat •S oft/hardsubstrates;coastal areas Known Locations •HoutmanAbrolhos,WA,around northernAustraliatoLordHowe Island,NSW. 10 cm This collaborative effort is supported by the Australian Government, state and territory governments, marine industries, researchers and conservation groups. Last revised August 2008 Photograph credits This side: All images provided by John Huisman, Murdoch University, WA Reverse side: Alan Millar, Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney (bottom left); Tim Glasby, NSW Dept. Primary Industries (all other images) MARINE PEST: Japanese seaweed or Wakame Undaria pinnatifida Key features • Frillysporophyllnearbaseof matureplant • Matureplantonlyfoundfrom earlywintertolatesummer • Strap-likemidrib • Smooththinbladesstopwell Mature Undaria pinnatifida showing frilly sporophyll Frilly sporophyll shortofbase • Generallybrown/green • Upto1mlong,sometimes to3m Habitat • Coldtemperateoceanwaters • Lowerintertidalto20mdepth • Rock,reefandstones,artificial structuresandaquaculture equipment Impacts • Canrapidlyformdenseforests onanyavailablespace& overgrowsnatives Known locations • Near-shorehabitatssouth– east&eastcoastofTas;Port PhillipBayVic Likely to establish See last page for full details on how to report an aquatic pest or disease. What it is not Native species that look similar to the pest Common kelp Ecklonia radiata Key Features •Nomidriborfrillysporophyll •Roughbladesnotsmooth Note:E.radiataishardto distinguishfromjuvenile U.pinnatifida;E.radiataismore leathery 10 cm Habitat •Rockyshores •Moderateexposures •Subtidalto44mdepth Known Locations •S outhernAustraliafrom CaloundraQldtoKalbarri,WA; Tas What you can do • Inspect&cleanniche areas&antifoulyour vesselregularly • Clean&dryequipment beforetransporting &usinginadifferent location • Checkanchors&other equipmentfortangled algae Learn more Readthenationalbiofouling managementguidelinesfor yoursector. 10 cm Phyllospora comosa Key Features 1m •Nomidriborfrillysporophyll •Sawtoothedgedfronds •Branchesclosetogether •Bladesterminateatbase Habitat •Hardsubstrates •Exposedcoasts •Subtidalto20mdepth Known Locations 10 cm •FromPortMacquarieNSWto Robe,SA;Tas Photograph credits This side: John Huisman, Murdoch University, WA (top); Alan Millar, Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney (all other images) Reverse side: All images supplied by CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research This collaborative effort is supported by the Australian Government, state and territory governments, marine industries, researchers and conservation groups. Last revised August 2008 MARINE PEST: American slipper limpet Crepidula fornicata Key features • Largeinternalaperturewitha shelfextendinghalfitslength • Ovalshaped,smoothshell • Irregulargrowthlines • Commonlyfoundinstacks • Shellcolourwhite,yellowor pinkwithred/brownstreaks • Upto5cmlong Habitat • Intertidal • Shallowestuaries&coastal bays • Mostlyfoundonothershells orhardsubstratesinmuddy areas,alsofoundonsand, gravel&rocks A stack of C. fornicata Impacts • Competeswithnativesforfood &space • Impactscommercialoyster beds Known locations • NotyetinAustralia Likely to establish See last page for full details on how to report an aquatic pest or disease. What it is not Native species that look similar to the pest Northern slipper shell Bostrycapulus pritzkeri (formerly Crepidula aculeata) Key Features •E xteriorofshellnotsmooth, withspinesorbumps •Shellbrown&white •Upto3cmlong Habitat •Intertidaltosubtidal •Foundattachedtoothershells, stonesormangrovesinsand ormud Known Locations •FromSharkBayWAaround northernAustraliato south–eastVic What you can do • Inspect&cleanniche areas&antifoulyour vesselregularly • Clean&dryequipment beforetransporting &usinginadifferent location Learn more Readthenationalbiofouling managementguidelinesfor yoursector. Limpet Notoacmea mayi Key Features 1.7cm •Shellhasnointernalshelf •Shelllightbrowntogreywith mottledbands •Upto1.5cmlong Habitat •Hardsubstratesinupper intertidalzone Known Locations •NSW;Vic;aroundTas;eastern SA;westernVic Nerita polita Key Features •Glossy,smoothshellwithfine growthlines •Shellmarbled,streakedor bandedwithwhite,cream,grey orpink •Upto3cmlong Habitat •O ftenburiesinsand,surfacing atlowtidetograzeonrocks •A bundantintropics Known locations •NorthWestCapeWAtoSydney NSW This collaborative effort is supported by the Australian Government, state and territory governments, marine industries, researchers and conservation groups. Last revised August 2008 Photograph credits This side: Richard Willan, Museum & Art Gallery of the Northern Territory (top); © 2007 Guido & Philippe Poppe -www.conchology.be/en/home/ home.php (middle); P.N. Lewis (bottom) Reverse side: Richard Willan, Museum & Art Gallery of the Northern Territory (top); Jack Sewell, MarLIN (bottom images) MARINE PEST: New Zealand screwshell Maoricolpus roseus Key features • Smoothconicalshell • Generallybrown,fadingto purple/whitewithage • Broadertaperingshellwithup to18whorls • Upto9cmlong,usually~6cm 2 cm Habitat • Lyingonorpartiallyburiedin sand,mudorgravel • Alsofoundincrevices • Lowintertidal&subtidalupto 130mdepth Impacts • Denselyblanketstheseafloor withlive&deadshells • Cancompetewithscallops& commerciallyfarmedshellfish forfood Known locations • South–easttonorth–west 10 cm Tas;BassStrait,Wilsons PromontoryVic&northto BotanyBay,NSW,(upto80m depthonthecontinentalshelf possiblyto200mdepth) Likely to establish See last page for full details on how to report an aquatic pest or disease. What it is not Native species that look similar to the pest THIS SPECIES IS THREATENED. DO NOT COLLECT SAMPLES 5 cm Native screwshell Gazameda gunnii Key Features •Narrowtaperingshellwith markedridges •O ff-whitetolightbrown •Upto5cmlong(usually~3cm) Habitat •Upto~140mdepth What you can do • Inspect&cleanniche areas&antifoulyour vesselregularly Known locations • Clean&dryequipment Mud whelk Velacumantus australis Learn more •Tas Key Features •Dirtygreyshellwithridges •Upto4.5cmlong Habitat beforetransporting &usinginadifferent location Readthenationalbiofouling managementguidelinesfor yoursector. •S oftsedimentsinshallow, shelteredareas,usuallyamong seagrass •E stuaries,mangroves,tidalflats 4.5 cm Known Locations •S outhQld;NSW;Vic;Tas;SA;WA Terebra lima Key Features •F laringlip •Upto9cmlong Habitat •S oftsedimentsincludingmud &sand •Subtidalfrom35to350mdepth Known Locations •N SWasfarsouthasTrailBay 9 cm Photograph credits This side: Femorale www.femorale. com.br (top); J + M Grist, www.users.bigpond.net.au/jandmgrist/shells1.htm (middle); www.gastropods.com (bottom) Reverse side: CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research (top & bottom left); Tim Glasby, NSW Dept. Primary Industries (right) This collaborative effort is supported by the Australian Government, state and territory governments, marine industries, researchers and conservation groups. Last revised August 2008 MARINE PEST: Rapa or veined whelk Rapana venosa spire Key features • Blackvein-likepatternon entireshell • Distinctivedeeporange interior • Large,heavygreytored/brown shell • Shellhasshortspire • Upto18cmlong Habitat • Intertidaltosubtidal • Estuaries&coastalbays • Sandyorhardsubstrates Impacts • Predatorofnativeshellfish& aquaculturespecies • Affectstheecologyofbottom dwellingorganisms 18 cm Known locations • NotyetinAustralia Likely to establish See last page for full details on how to report an aquatic pest or disease. What it is not Native species that look similar to the pest Cartrut shell Dicathais orbita Key Features •Shellsculptedwithprominent grooves •Shellcolourgrey/browntogreen •Shellheightto8cm Habitat •Foundattachedtorock platforms&rockyreefs,upto 10mdepth •Oneofthemostabundantsnails intertidally&subtidallyon southerncoastsofAustralia Known Locations •S outhernQldtoBarrowIsland, WA&aroundTas What you can do • Inspect&cleanniche areas&antifoulyour vesselregularly • Clean&dryequipment beforetransporting &usinginadifferent location Learn more Readthenationalbiofouling managementguidelinesfor yoursector. Helmet shell Semicassis pyrum Key Features •Smoothhelmetshell •Shellcreamwithbrownblotches •Shellheightto7cm Habitat •Foundburiedundersandduring theday,foragesatnight •E xposedsandto480mdepth Known Locations •FromNSWtoFremantle,WA& aroundTas This collaborative effort is supported by the Australian Government, state and territory governments, marine industries, researchers and conservation groups. Last revised August 2008 Photograph credits This side: All images provided by Graham Edgar, University of Tasmania Reverse side: Top right & bottom supplied by Juliana M Harding, Virginia Institute of Marine Science, copyright; top left image supplied by www.gastropods.com MARINE PEST: Asian bag or Asian date mussel Arcuatula senhousia Key features • Shellhaszigzagmarkings& iridescentradiatingbands • Shellolivegreen/brown&is easilycrushed • Upto3cmlong Habitat • Preferssoftsedimentsbut alsofoulsartificialhard surfaces • Upto20mdepth Impacts • Canformmatsonsoft sedimentssmotheringbottom communities&alteringfood availability Known locations • Portland&PortPhillip Bay,Vic;estuarymouths northernTas;SA;Cockburn Sound,LowerSwanRiver& Fremantle,WA Likely to establish See last page for full details on how to report an aquatic pest or disease. What it is not Native species that look similar to the pest Cuming’s bag mussel Musculus cumingianus Key Features •Shellisuniformlybrown •Shellhasribsonfront&rearbut notcentre Habitat •Onrockyreefsinsideseasquirts Known Locations •W idespreadintropical&warm temperateAustralia(i.e.Qld, WA,NT) What you can do • Inspect&cleanniche areas&antifoulyour vesselregularly • Clean&dryequipment beforetransporting &usinginadifferent location Learn more Readthenationalbiofouling managementguidelinesfor yoursector. Limnoperna [formerly Xenostrobus] species Key Features •Shellsmooth&elongatewith radialmarkings •Variableshellcolourranging frombluetobrown/black •Shell3to4cmlong Habitat •Foundinclustersattachedto rocksorshellsonrockyreefs Known Locations •S outhernQld;NSW;Vic;Tas;SA; southernWA 2 cm This collaborative effort is supported by the Australian Government, state and territory governments, marine industries, researchers and conservation groups. Last revised August 2008 Photograph credits This side: Richard Willan, Museum & Art Gallery of the Northern Territory (top), J. & M. Grist www.users.bigpond.net.au/jandmgrist/shells1.htm (middle), © 2007 Guido & Philippe Poppe www.conchology.be/en/home/home.php (bottom) Reverse side: Richard Willan, Museum & Art Gallery of the Northern Territory (top), Clay Bryce, Museum of WA (bottom) MARINE PEST: Asian basket clam Corbula (Potamocorbula) amurensis 1 cm Key features • Shellsunequalinsize,oneis largerthantheotherwitha distinctiveoverlap • Thin&smoothshell(older shellsmaybewrinkledat edges) • Shellcolourisdirtywhite,tan oryellow,noexteriormarkings • Upto3cmlong Habitat • Partiallyburiedinsoftbottom habitatsmostabundanton mixedsand&mudbottoms • Mostlysubtidal,butalso intertidal • Upperestuarinetofully marine • Subtropicaltocoldtemperate waters Impacts • Reducesplanktonicfood sources&causesdeclinein nativespecies Known locations • NotyetinAustralia Likely to establish See last page for full details on how to report an aquatic pest or disease. What it is not Native species that look similar to the pest Serracorbula verconis 1cm Key Features •Shellsofunequalsize,oneside islarger&overlapstheother •Shellhasconcentricgrooves •S olid,compressed,glossyshell -hardtocrush •W hiteshellwithsmall, translucentbrownspots •Upto10cmlong Habitat 8 cm •Foundinsand&mudupto 65mdepth Known Locations •NortherntosouthernQld;SA What you can do • Inspect&cleanniche areas&antifoulyour vesselregularly • Clean&dryequipment beforetransporting &usinginadifferent location Learn more Paphies species 1 cm Key Features Readthenationalbiofouling managementguidelinesfor yoursector. •W hite/creamshellwithbrown covering •Interiorwhite •Upto2.5cmlong Habitat •Sandyintertidal Known Locations •NSW;Vic;Tas;SA;WA Tellina semitorta 1 cm Key Features •Usuallywhite,sometimespink shell •Upto1.6cmlong Habitat •S andyintertidal Known Locations •S outhQldtoNSW;Vic;SA This collaborative effort is supported by the Australian Government, state and territory governments, marine industries, researchers and conservation groups. Last revised August 2008 Photograph credits This side: © 2007 Guido & Philippe Poppe www.conchology.be/en/home/home.php (top); J. & M. Grist, www.users.bigpond.net.au/jandmgrist/shells1.htm (all other images) Reverse side: Andrew Cohen, San Francisco Estuary Institute, www.exoticsguide.org (top & bottom left); Peter Ralph, University of Technology, Sydney (bottom right) MARINE PEST: European or basket shell clam Varicorbula gibba Key features • Shellsunequalinsize,one • • • • islarger&fitslikealid, overlappingtheother Coarsegrooves&ridges Shellisplump,broadlyoval comingtoatriangularend Shellcolourwhitetopinkwith radiatingred/brownrays Upto2cmlong Habitat • Burrowsintosoftbottom 1 cm 2 cm habitats,mayattachtogravel &stones • Intertidalto150mdepth • Temperatewaters;highly tolerantofpollutedwaters Impacts • Fastgrowing&competeswith nativespeciesforfood&space (e.g.commerciallygrown scallops) Known locations • Coastal&PortPhillipBay& WesternPortBayVic;northern &south–easternTas Likely to establish See last page for full details on how to report an aquatic pest or disease. What it is not Native species that look similar to the pest Spisula trigonella Key Features •Shellsidenticalinsize&shape (bothcurved&meettogether evenly) •Shellissmooth&cream colouredwithbrown“skin” covering •Upto2cmlong Habitat •S andyintertidal 2 cm Known Locations •Qld;NSW;Vic;Tas;SA;southern WA;NT What you can do • Inspect&cleanniche areas&antifoulyour vesselregularly • Clean&dryequipment beforetransporting &usinginadifferent location Learn more Paphies species Key Features Readthenationalbiofouling managementguidelinesfor yoursector. •Shellsidenticalinsize&shape •Shellissmooth&cream colouredwithbrown“skin” covering •Upto2.5cmlong Habitat •S andyintertidal Known Locations 2.5 cm •NSW;Vic;Tas;SA;WA 2.5 cm Photograph credits This side: All images provided by © 2007 Guido & Philippe Poppe www.conchology.be/en/home/home.php Reverse side: CSIRO, Marine and Atmospheric Research (top); Sarah Longrigg, UK Seashells http://www.fredandsarah.plus.com/ukseashells/ (bottom) This collaborative effort is supported by the Australian Government, state and territory governments, marine industries, researchers and conservation groups. Last revised August 2008 MARINE PEST: Soft shell or long-necked clam Mya arenaria One half of Mya arenaria shell showing scooped out projection 1 cm Key features • Verydifferentshells;onehas adistinctivelargescoopedout projection&theotherapit. Theyfittogetherbutgapeat bothendswhenclosed • Shellisthin,oval,chalky,white withroughexterior&uneven growthlines • Upto15cmlong Mya arenaria stained from mud Habitat • Buriedupto30cmdeepin 10 cm sand,mud,clay&gravelmixes • Mainlyupperintertidal;alsoin shallowsubtidal Impacts • Outcompetesnativebivalves, changescharacteristicsof sediments&compositionof bottomdwellingcommunities siphon Mya arenaria showing protruding brown siphon See last page for full details on how to report an aquatic pest or disease. Known locations • NotyetinAustralia Likely to establish What it is not Native species that look similar to the pest 2 cm Gaper clam Lutraria rhynchaena Key Features •Shellissolid,elongated&gapes whenshut •F ineconcentricridges •Shellcolourisoff-whiteoften coveredwithabrown“skin” •Upto12cmlong Habitat •Usuallydeeplyburiedin shelteredintertidalsand&mud Known Locations •NSW;Vic;Tas;SA;southernWA What you can do • Inspect&cleanniche areas&antifoulyour vesselregularly • Clean&dryequipment beforetransporting &usinginadifferent location Learn more 2 cm Venus cockle Venerupis galactites Key Features Readthenationalbiofouling managementguidelinesfor yoursector. •S olidwhiteshellwithidentical valvesthatclosecompletely withoutagape •Noscoopedoutprojection •Upto5cmlong Habitat •Insand,estuaries,bays& shelteredcoasts •Intertidal Known Locations NSW;Vic;Tas;SA;southernWA 2 cm Lantern/gaper shell Laternula recta /rostrata Key Features •Shellelongate&gapesatboth endswhenclosed •Shellsculptedwithfine, concentricridges&growthlines •Shellcolourwhite •Upto6cmlong Habitat •Inmudorsand Known Locations •NSW;Vic;SA This collaborative effort is supported by the Australian Government, state and territory governments, marine industries, researchers and conservation groups. Last revised August 2008 Photograph credits This side: All images provided by © 2007 Guido & Philippe Poppe www.conchology.be/en/home/home.php Reverse side: Luis A. Solorzano, www.lasphotos.com http://californiabiota.com (centre right); all other images supplied by Andrew Cohen, San Francisco Estuary Institute, www.exoticsguide.org MARINE PEST: Black striped mussel Mytilopsis sallei Key features • Shellsunequalinsize,one sideoverlapstheother • Shellissmooth,smalland easilycrushed • Formsdenseclusters • Shellsometimeszigzagged orstriped • Upto2.5cmlong Habitat • Subtropicaltotropical • Estuarinetomarine • Uptoafewmetresdepth • Hardverticalsurfaces(e.g. hulls&pylons) Impacts • Fastgrowing&candisplace nativespecies • Massfoulingofwharfpylons, marinas,vesselwaterintake systems&marinefarms Known locations • NotyetinAustralia Likely to establish See last page for full details on how to report an aquatic pest or disease. What it is not Native species that look similar to the pest Brachidontes maritimus Key Features •T hicker,black/brownshell •Stronglongitudinalribsalong thelengthoftheshell(not radiallystriped) •Upto4.5cm Habitat •Rockyshores&hardsubstrates •Tropicalmarinewaters Known Locations •NortherncoastofAustralia(i.e. Qld,WA&NT) What you can do • Inspect&cleanniche areas&antifoulyour vesselregularly • Clean&dryequipment beforetransporting &usinginadifferent location Learn more Readthenationalbiofouling managementguidelinesfor yoursector. Goose barnacle Lepas species Key Features •W hiteshellsontopofarubbery browncontractilestalkattached tofloatingobjects Habitat •Attachedtodriftwoodandother floatingobjects Known Locations •C osmopolitaninalltropicaland warmtemperateoceans Photograph credits This side: All images provided by Richard Willan, Museum & Art Gallery of the Northern Territory Reverse side: Richard Willan, Museum & Art Gallery of the Northern Territory (top), courtesy of the Northern Territory Government (bottom) This collaborative effort is supported by the Australian Government, state and territory governments, marine industries, researchers and conservation groups. Last revised August 2008 MARINE PEST: Asian green mussel Perna viridis Key features • Juvenileshellbrightgreen; oldershellsdarkgreento brown • Smoothexteriorwith concentricgrowthlines • Adults8–16cmlong Habitat • Hardsubstrates(vessels, artificialstructures,wharves, aquacultureequipment,intake pipes,buoys,etc.) • Lowtidemarkto42mdepth, lowerestuarinetomarine • Tropicaltowarmtemperate Impacts • Fastgrowing&outcompetes nativespecies,formingdense colonies • Canclogseawatercooling pipesandintakesystems Known locations • NotyetinAustralia Likely to establish See last page for full details on how to report an aquatic pest or disease. What it is not Native species that look similar to the pest Septifer bilocularis Key Features •Strongradialridges •Variablecolour(red,blueor green),internallyblue •Upto5cmlong Habitat •Attachedtorocksordebris •Tropical Known Locations •NorthernQld;NTtoAlbany,WA What you can do • Inspect&cleanniche areas&antifoulyour vesselregularly • Clean&dryequipment beforetransporting &usinginadifferent location Learn more Readthenationalbiofouling managementguidelinesfor yoursector. Stavelia subdistorta Key Features •Dense,concentricridges •Brownshell,insideblue/white •Upto15cmlong Habitat •Attachedtorockordebrisupto 30mdepth •Tropical Known Locations •NorthernQldtonorthernWA Photograph credits This side: All images provided by Richard Willan, Museum & Art Gallery of the Northern Territory Reverse side: Graham Wharton, Tropical Reef Shipyard (bottom left); all other images courtesy of the Northern Territory Government This collaborative effort is supported by the Australian Government, state and territory governments, marine industries, researchers and conservation groups. Last revised August 2008 MARINE PEST: European fan worm Sabella spallanzanii Key features • Spiralfanoffeedingtentacles • Flexible,leatherytube • Fanwhite/palefawn/orange/ bandedred/brown • Tubesupto40cmlong, solitaryoringroups Habitat • Tubesattachtohardsurfaces, artificialstructures,rocks, shells&seagrassonsoft sediments • Shelteredtemperatewaters, to30mdepth Impacts • Formsdensecolonies consumingvastamountsof food • Noknownpredatorsin Australia • Foulsaquaculturestructures increasingcostforindustry Known locations • CockburnSound,Fremantle, Bunbury,Albany&Esperance WA;metroAdelaidecoastSA; PortPhillipBayVic;Devonport Tas;EdenNSW Likely to establish See last page for full details on how to report an aquatic pest or disease. What it is not Native species that look similar to the pest What you can do • Inspect&cleanniche areas&antifoulyour vesselregularly • Clean&dryequipment beforetransporting &usinginadifferent location • Checkanchors&other equipmentfortangled organisms 10 cm Sabellastarte species Key Features •FanisU-shapednotspiral shaped •Fansarewhiteorpurplewith orange/purple/brownbands •Usuallysolitary,notdensely clumped •Tubeupto5cmlong Learn more Readthenationalbiofouling managementguidelinesfor yoursector. Habitat •E xposedrockyreefandartificial structures •Subtidalto200mdepth Known Locations •W idelydistributed:NSW;Vic; Tas;SA,north–westcoastWA Photograph credits This side: Mark Norman, Museum Victoria (top) Reverse side: CSIRO Marine & Atmospheric Research (top and bottom left); Tim Glasby, NSW Dept. Primary Industries (bottom right) This collaborative effort is supported by the Australian Government, state and territory governments, marine industries, researchers and conservation groups. Last revised August 2008 MARINE PEST: European green shore crab Carcinus maenas Key features • 5spinesoneachsideofeyes • Lastpairoflegssharp& slightlyflattenedattips-no swimmingpaddles • Smoothgreen/brownshell withpaleorangeunderside • Shellupto7cmwide Habitat • Prefersbays/estuariesbut 5 cm spines foundonalltypesofshoresup to60mdepth • Toleratestemperaturesupto 30˚C Impacts • Aggressivepredator, outcompetesnativesforfood &habitat Known locations • NSW;Vic;Tas;SA Likely to establish See last page for full details on how to report an aquatic pest or disease. What it is not Native species that look similar to the pest Sand crab Ovalipes australiensis Key Features •Distinctivepurplespotstowards rear •Swimmingpaddlesonlastset oflegs •P alegreyshell,upto10cmwide Habitat 10 cm •Burrowsintosand •Intertidal&subtidalto60m depth Known Locations •Qld;NSW;Vic;Tas;SA;WA Paragrapsus species Key Features •3spinesoneachsideofeyes •F irstwalkinglegshavefeltpatch oninnerside •Yellow/brownshellwithdark redspots •Shellupto4.5cmwide 3 cm What you can do • Inspect&cleanniche areas&antifoulyour vesselregularly • Clean&dryequipment beforetransporting &usinginadifferent location Learn more Readthenationalbiofouling managementguidelinesfor yoursector. Habitat •Understones&burrowsinmud •Intertidaltoshallowsubtidal •E stuaries&shelteredcoasts Known Locations •S outhofNarooma,NSW;Vic; Tas;SA Rough rock crab Nectocarcinus integrifons Key Features •Shellcoveredinfinehairs •P incers/fingersofclawsblack •L astpairoflegsnotswimming paddles •Shellupto8cmwide Habitat 8 cm •Rockybottoms,sandy/muddy shores,shelteredseagrassbeds •Intertidalto15mdepth Known Locations •Fremantle,WAtoPortStephens, NSW;aroundTas This collaborative effort is supported by the Australian Government, state and territory governments, marine industries, researchers and conservation groups. Last revised August 2008 Photograph credits This side: Michael Marmach, Museum Victoria (top & centre); Graham Edgar, University of Tasmania (bottom) Reverse side: P. Gibson NSW Dept. Primary Industries (top). CSIRO Marine & Atmospheric Research (bottom) MARINE PEST: Asian paddle crab Charybdis japonica Key features • 5distinctspinesonupper surfaceofforeclaw • 6spinesoneachsideofeyes • Swimmingpaddlesonlastset oflegs • Red/purple/orangetopale spines green&off-whiteshell • Shellupto12cmwide Habitat • Mobile;foundonorburiedin firm,finesandormud • Subtidalto15mdepth • Estuarine&marineareas Impacts • CancarryWhiteSpot Syndromeviruswhichcan devastatenative&farmed prawns,crabs&lobsters Known locations • NotyetinAustralia Likely to establish See last page for full details on how to report an aquatic pest or disease. What it is not Native species that look similar to the pest Pacific swimming crab Charybdis helleri Key Features •4spinesonforeclaw •6 –8spinesoneithersideofeyes •Shellupto14.5cmwide Habitat 14.5 cm •Underrocks&coral;onrocky, sandy&muddyshores&coral reefsto30mdepth •Lowerintertidal,subtidal Known Locations •NativetotropicalAustralia (northcoastNT,centraleast& north–eastcoastQld,north– westcoastWA);Indo-west centralPacificOceans Blue swimmer crab Portunus pelagicus What you can do • Inspect&cleanniche areas&antifoulyour vesselregularly • Clean&dryequipment beforetransporting &usinginadifferent location Learn more Readthenationalbiofouling managementguidelinesfor yoursector. Key Features •Nospinesoneithersideofeyes •Brightbluelegs&claws Habitat •Shelteredsand,intertidal& subtidalto70mdepth •Shelteredbays&inlets •Shellupto21cmwide Known Locations •TropicalAustralia,southto CapeNaturalisteWA,&Eden NSW;SouthAustraliangulfs Mud crab Scylla serrata Key Features •9spineseithersideofeyes •L argerobustclaws •Shellupto25cmwide Habitat 20 cm •Mangroves,shelteredestuaries &coastaltidalflats Known Locations •NorthernAustralia(Exmouth, WAtoBegaRiver,NSW);isolated recordsfromMallacoota estuary,Vic,SwanRiver,WA& south–westWAestuaries This collaborative effort is supported by the Australian Government, state and territory governments, marine industries, researchers and conservation groups. Last revised August 2008 Photograph credits This side: Darryl Felder, University of Louisiana USA (top); Keith Davey (centre & bottom) Reverse side: All images provided by Aroha Millar, NIWA MARINE PEST: Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis Key features • Hairy“mittens”onclaws unlikeanyAustraliancrab • 4spinesoneithersideofeyes • 4sharpspinesinbetweeneyes • Shellissmooth&upto8cm wide Live specimen of C.maenas 8 cm Habitat • Burrowsintomudonriver banks,estuaries&coastal areas • Adultsinfreshwaterforfirst 4–5years • Usuallytropicalwaters Impacts • Burrowingcauseserosion; damagesfishinggear& impactsaquacultureactivities • Hostsliverfluke(Paragonimus species)thatisharmfulto humanhealth Known locations • NotyetinAustralia Likely to establish See last page for full details on how to report an aquatic pest or disease. What it is not What is Native What it itspecies is not not that look similar to the pest Native species that look similar to the pest Native species that look similar to the pest What you can do What you can do Inspect&cleanniche • What you can do Inspect&cleanniche • areas&antifoulyour Ivesselregularly nspect&cleanniche • areas&antifoulyour areas&antifoulyour vesselregularly • vesselregularly Clean&dryequipment • Cbeforetransporting lean&dryequipment • Cbeforetransporting lean&dryequipment &usinginadifferent beforetransporting &usinginadifferent location &usinginadifferent location location 7 cm 7 cm 7 cm Red bait crab Red bait chabrus crab Plagusia Red bait chabrus crab Plagusia Key Features Plagusia chabrus •Frontofshelldeeplynotched Key Features Learn more Learn more Readthenationalbiofouling Learn more Readthenationalbiofouling managementguidelinesfor Readthenationalbiofouling managementguidelinesfor yoursector. managementguidelinesfor yoursector. yoursector. Key Features betweentheeyes •F rontofshelldeeplynotched •F Crontofshelldeeplynotched lawshairlesswithbumps& betweentheeyes betweentheeyes ridges •C lawshairlesswithbumps& •ridges C Olawshairlesswithbumps& range/redshellcoveredwith ridges densefinehair,darkerredon •O range/redshellcoveredwith •densefinehair,darkerredon O range/redshellcoveredwith walkinglegs densefinehair,darkerredon •Shellupto7cmwide walkinglegs walkinglegs •Shellupto7cmwide Habitat •Shellupto7cmwide • E xposedrockyshores Habitat Habitat Lowerintertidal,usuallysubtidal •E xposedrockyshores •(to50mdepth) E xposedrockyshores Lowerintertidal,usuallysubtidal • L owerintertidal,usuallysubtidal (to50mdepth) Known Locations •(to50mdepth) HerveyBay,Qld;NSW;Vic,Tas; Known Locations Known Locations SA;southernWAtoBunbury •H erveyBay,Qld;NSW;Vic,Tas; •H erveyBay,Qld;NSW;Vic,Tas; SA;southernWAtoBunbury SA;southernWAtoBunbury Photograph credits This side: Michael Marmach, Museum Victoria Photograph credits Photograph Reverse Allcredits images provided by Stephan This side:side: Michael Marmach, Museum Victoria This side:side: Michael Marmach, Museum Victoria Gollasch, GoConsult Reverse All images provided by Stephan Reverse side: All images provided by Stephan Gollasch, GoConsult Gollasch, GoConsult This collaborative effort is supported by the Australian Government, statecollaborative and territory effort governments, marine industries, researchers and This is supported by the Australian Government, This collaborative effort is supported by the Australian Government, conservation groups. state and territory governments, marine industries, researchers and state and territory governments, marine industries, researchers and conservation groups. Last revised August 2008 conservation groups. Last revised August 2008 Last revised August 2008 MARINE PEST: Asian shore crab Hemigrapsus sanguineus spines eye Key features • 3spinesoneachsideofeyes • Bandingpatternonwalking legs&spotsonclaws • Squareshapedgreen/purpleto orange/brownshell • Shellupto4cmwide Habitat • Underrocks,shells,debris& artificialstructures • Intertidaltoshallowsubtidal • Estuaries,exposedrocky coasts&tidalflats • Toleratesawiderangeof temperatures Impacts • Broaddiet,competeswith& predatesonnativespecies (crabs,fish&shellfish) Known locations • NotyetinAustralia Live specimen of H. sanguineus under water See last page for full details on how to report an aquatic pest or disease. Likely to establish What it is not Native species that look similar to the pest Cyclograpsus species Key Features •Nospinesonsideofeyes •Mottledred/brown/purple markingsonyellowshell •Shellupto4cmwide 4 cm Habitat What you can do • Inspect&cleanniche Known Locations • Clean&dryequipment •Intertidal •Sheltered,moderatelyexposed rocky&bouldercoveredshores •NSW;Vic;Tas;SA;WA(northto SharkBay);Qld areas&antifoulyour vesselregularly beforetransporting &usinginadifferent location Learn more Readthenationalbiofouling managementguidelinesfor yoursector. Paragrapsus species Key Features •3spinesoneachsideofeyes •F irstwalkinglegshavefeltpatch oninnerside •Yellow/brownshellwithdark redspots •Shellupto4.5cmwide 3 cm Habitat •Understones&burrowsinmud •Intertidalto1.5mdepth •E stuaries&shelteredcoasts Known Locations •S outhofNarooma,NSW;Vic; Tas;SA Photograph credits This side: All images provided by Michael Marmach, Museum Victoria Reverse side: Amy Benson, US Geological Survey (top); Jerry Preszioso, NOAA/NMFS Narragansett Lab (bottom) This collaborative effort is supported by the Australian Government, state and territory governments, marine industries, researchers and conservation groups. Last revised August 2008 MARINE PEST: Northern Pacific seastar Asterias amurensis Key features • 5armswithpointedupturned tips • Yellow/orangewithpurple markings&yellowunderneath • Upto50cmacross Habitat • Softsediment;alsoartificial structures&rockyreefs • Estuaries,bays,rockpools • Intertidalto200mdepth 10 cm (usually<25mdepth) • Preferstemperatebutadapted towarmerwaters Impacts • Aggressivepredatorofnative species&economically importantbivalves 5 cm • Impactsaquaculture& fisheries Known locations • South–easttonorth–east coastsfromRechercheBay toBinalongBayandBanks StraightTas;PortPhillipBay Vic Likely to establish See last page for full details on how to report an aquatic pest or disease. What it is not Native species that look similar to the pest Uniophora species Key Features •5arms,roundednotpointedtips •Upto20cmacross Habitat •Rockybottoms,seagrassbeds •A lsomudorsandinsheltered areas •Upto143mdepth Known Locations •North–westSolitaryIsland, NSWtoGreatAustralianBight, SA;BassStrait;aroundTas 4 cm What you can do • Inspect&cleanniche areas&antifoulyour vesselregularly • Clean&dryequipment beforetransporting &usinginadifferent location • Checkanchors&other equipmentfortangled organisms Learn more Readthenationalbiofouling managementguidelinesfor yoursector. 10 cm Coscinasterias muricata Key Features •7–14arms(usually11),pointed tipsnotupturned •C olourusuallybluetobrown •Upto50cmacross Habitat •Shelteredreefs&soft substrates •Upto140mdepth Known Locations •PortDenison,Qld,toHoutman Abrolhos,WA,incl.Great AustralianBight;BassStrait; aroundTas;Norfolk&Lord HoweIsland Photograph credits This side: Graham Edgar, University of Tasmania (top & third); Ingrid Holliday, Dept. Sustainability & Environment Vic (second & bottom) Reverse side: Martina Doblin, University of Technology, Sydney (bottom right); all other images supplied by CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research This collaborative effort is supported by the Australian Government, state and territory governments, marine industries, researchers and conservation groups. Last revised August 2008 Report immediately outside known locations! Ifyouthinkyouhavefoundorseenanaquaticpestordisease: 1.MakeanoteofwhenandwhereyoufoundorsawitincludingGPS readingsifpossible. 2. Takephotographsofthespeciesaswellasthelocationwhereyou foundit. 3. PleasekeepasampleofthespeciesandcontactFishWatch on1800 815 507,[email protected],or throughthefreeWAPestWatchapp,whichcanbedownloaded fromtheAppStoreandGooglePlayStore. WA PestWatch ABN: 55 689 794 771 www.fish.wa.gov.au/biosecurity 7125/15 DEPARTMENT OF FISHERIES 3rd Floor, The Atrium, 168–170 St Georges Terrace, Perth WA 6000 (08) 9482 7333 [email protected] F&FH142_02 NOV 2013 Further information
