Presentation

Chengdu Forum on UN­GGIM
Global Map for Sustainable Development: Development and Applications in Urban Hazard Mapping
Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China 15 – 17 October 2013
Geospatial Information for the
Evaluation of Damage related to
Natural Disasters in Mexico
ROLANDO OCAMPO ALCÁNTAR
Vice-President of the Government Board of INEGI
Given its geographic location, Mexico is subject to a huge variety
of hydro-meteorological, seismic and volcanic phenomena
As being part of the Ring of Fire, the country is affected by intense
seismic and volcanic activity
SAN ANDREAS FAULT SYSTEM
Two-third parts of the country are in a constantly and significantly at
seismic risk, due to the subduction of tectonic plates Cocos and North
America (Middle America Trench)
Sismicidad
ASÍSMICA
BAJA
MEDIA
ALTA
In terms of volcanic activity, in an historical time, fourteen
volcanoes have erupted and are considered still active, or they
represent hotspots
The territory is often affected by hurricanes that are generated in
both Pacific and Atlantic Oceans.
On average, 25 meteor arrive yearly to the nearby seas.
4 to 5 out of these 25, penetrate the territory and often cause
severe damage.
Hurricanes and tropical storms (1949‐2008)
In front of the occurrence of Natural Disasters
(earthquakes, fire, explosions, material flow,
flooding and volcanic eruption), Mexico´s National
Institute of Statistics and Geography (INEGI)
offers to Federal Government, Entities and
Society the integration of statistical and
geographical information in order to assist the
evaluation of damage and in mitigating the effects
caused on population and infrastructure.
Juan de Grijalva, Chiapas. 2007
Coordination between INEGI and other institutions, in the event of a disaster.
Satellite
Imagery
Interpretation
Measurement
•Image interpretation
•Report
•Statistics
It provides information to:
Presidency State Governments
Federal Government
Civil Protection
•
The information that is available and can be applied to a risk
analysis is:
•
•
•
•
•
•
Basic geographic information
Digital orthophotography
Digital Elevation Models Satellite Imagery
Natural Resources Datasets Modeling
EXAMPLES
Juan de Grijalva, Chiapas. 2007
Juan de Grijalva, Chiapas. 2007
Presa Peñitas
Juan de Grijalva
Hydrographic Network
Teziutlán,
Puebla. 1999
N° 11 Tropical
Depresion,
accumulated 900
mm of water.
More than 200
people were killed
and about 260,000
people were affected
in Sierra Norte de
Puebla.
INEGI. 1999 Special aerophotographic flight
Villahermosa, Tabasco.1999
INEGI. 1999. Special aerophotographic flight.
In October 1999, the interaction of a Cold Front with Tropical Depression N° 2 caused heavy rains.
The situation got worse when three heavy rains made the government take the decision of opening Peñitas´ spillway.
Villahermosa was flooded by 40%. 20 000 inhabitants of the state were evacuated and 702 shelters were enabled for 56,411 people.
There were a total of 62,300 homes affected and 1,007 schools damaged.
Chalco, Estado de México. 2000
INEGI. 2000. Special aerophotographic flight.
The levee break of Canal de la Compañía, caused a flood that hit over 12 thousand people. The flooded area was of 444,504 m2.
San José del
Cabo, Baja
California Sur.
2003
Marty Hurricane Category 1, on the Saffir‐Simpson scale, with winds of 130‐150 mph, affected regions of Baja California Sur.
INEGI. 2003. Special aerophotographic flight
PEMEX DUCT LEAK, FIRE AND EXPLOSION IN SAN MARTIN TEXMELUCAN,
PUE., 19/Dec/2010
Secondary damage area
Primary damage area
Population: 72,515
FIRST EXPLOSION AND START OF THE FIRE
32 houses
burned
28 people
dead
52 people
injured
5,000
people
evacuated
El Universal
ATOYAC RIVER SPILL
PATH TAKEN BY THE OIL SPILL ON ATOYAC´S RIVER - 68 KM TO THE DAM
MANUEL ÁVILA CAMACHO (VALSEQUILLO)
Heróica
Puebla de
Zaragoza
Popocatépetl Volcano
2013
Digital Elevation Model
Spatial resolution 3 meters
Manuel Hurricane
La Pintada, Guerrero. 2013
MODIS Image (September 13, 2013)
During September, Mexico was affected by the simultaneous presence of two weather phenomena, Tropical Storm Ingrid in the Gulf of Mexico and Tropical Storm Manuel in the Pacific Ocean (which then also become hurricane). Here are seen both systems in one MODIS image from September 14 of this year, the dense clouds is enhanced in light blue.
The interaction between Ingrid and Manuel brought rains in much higher amounts than normal even for these phenomena in much of the country, especially in the state of Guerrero, although several other states also had serious effects.
Radar Images
September 2013
Acapulco, Guerrero
Ciudad Valles, San Luis Potosí
The total area afectated was 7.6 has., of which 6.9 has. are located within the area of human settlement of la Pintada, equivalent to 12.8% of the 53.7 hectares of the total area of the town (information resulting from the work of PROCEDE, dated April 2003 survey).
TOTAL AREA AFFECTED 7.6 hectares.
HUMAN SETTLEMENT AREA OF LA PINTADA 53.7 Has.
AFFECTED AREA INSIDE HUMAN SETTLEMENT AREA OF LA PINTADA 6.9 Has. EQUAL TO 12.8%
La Pintada, Guerrero. 2013
Before
Landslide area :
Length 600 m
Width 240 m
After
多谢