Geotermia 3

Geothermal Development in
Country
Edwin Rodas Solares/MEM
Página 1
General Information
 Size:
108,889 square kilometers (Km2)
 Climate:
Tropical
 Inhabitants:
14.4 million
 PIB/ head:
7.400USD
 Economic data:
One of the largest regional economies
Growth outlook is further driven by remittance inflows
and export revenues from the U.S.
 Currency:
Quetzal (Q7.80/US$1.00)
 Capital:
Guatemala City
 Borders:
Mexico, El Salvador, Honduras and Belize
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Energy Sector
 Net generation (CNEE 2012):
• Water:
4434.92 Gwh
• Geothermal:
245.63 Gwh
• Biomass:
1003.02 Gwh
• Coal:
1237.92 Gwh
• Bunker:
1772.46 Gwh
• Diesel
9.61 Gwh
 Annual consumption:
8703.57 Gwh
 Increase of consumption:
 Electrification rate:
3.44%
85.6%
Página 3
Energy Sector
Important stakeholders:
 MEM Ministry of Energy and Mines, policy maker
 CNEE National Commission of Electric Energy, regulator
 INDE Instituto Nacional de Electrificacion, former utility
 EEGSA/EPM and Energuate/Actis, distribution companies
 AMM Wholesale Market Administrator, market and system operator
 Highlights of actual energy policy:
The main objective of the 2013-2027 Energy Policy is to contribute to the sustainable energy
development of Guatemala, with social equity and responsibility to the environment. The
strategic actions to achieve such objective include:
1. To secure the energy supply at competitive prices
2. To secure the fuel supply at competitive prices
3. To pursue exploration and exploitation of the oil reserves towards achieving self
sufficiency
4. To promote energy efficiency
5. To reduce firewood consumption
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Electric Energy Generation
Energy generated (8,703.57 GWh)
Installed capacity (2,378.93 MW)
Biomass
6.57%
Geothermal
1.29%
Biomass
11.52%
Bunker
33.50%
Hidraulic
39.93%
Bunker
20.36%
Coal
14.22%
Coal
10.73%
Diesel
7.98%
Diesel
0.11%
Water
50.96%
Geothermal
2.82%
Base Generation
Dispatch
Source: CNEE
2012
Gwh
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
Jan
Geothermal
Hidraulic
Thermal
Térmica
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Geotérmica
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
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Dec
Actual Geothermal Development
Stakeholders:
 MEM Ministry of Energy and Mines, policy maker
 CNEE National Commission of Electric Energy, regulator
 INDE Instituto Nacional de Electrificacion, former utility
 Ormat, Orzunil and Ortitlan Projects
Geothermal projects in operation:
 Orzunil
 Ortitlan
Página 6
Guatemala is located in the intersection of
three plate tectonics:
GUATEMALA
North:
----- Northamerican plate
Este ---------- Caribbean plate
Surwest ----- Los Cocos plate
Guatemala is part of the socalled Fire Belt
(Cicumpacifico) and subduction zone of the
Los Cocos plate with the Caribbean plate.
This creates a volcanic chain that goes through
the country all the way up from El Salvador to
Mexico
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IDENTIFIED RENEWABLE ENERGY POTENTIAL
TECHNOLOGY
POTENTIAL
USED
HYDROPOWER
6,000
15%
GEOTHERMAL
1,000
4.9%
MW
%
Goethermal projects at feasibility and prefeasibility stages in Guatemala
•Studies were initiated in 1972 in the Moyuta area
•The most promising areas were identified
•In 1981 l INDE and BRGM of Francia, with local resources and a grant from OLADE,
carried out exploration studies in 13 sites throughout the volcanic chain
Página 8
San Marcos
Zunil
Amatitlan
Tecuamburro
Moyuta
ZonaGeotermica
Página 9
Página 10
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
TAJUMULCO
SAN MARCOS
ZUNIL
LA MEMORIA
TOTONICAPAN
MOMOSTENANGO
QUICHE
SACAPULAS,
ZACUALPA
ATITLAN
CHIMALTENANGO
AMATITLAN
IXPACO
SANARATE
AYARZA
MOYUTA
MONJAS
IPALA
ZACAPA
CAMOTAN
GRANADOS
ESQUIPULAS
ASUNCION MITA
POLOCHIC
An study of the International Geothermal Development Agency
in 2003, indicated that the geothermal resources in country can
be estimated to be between 800 and 4 mil megawatts of capacity.
Página 11
TEMPERATURE
ENTHALPY
150°C < T < 300°C
HIGH
100°C < T < 150°C
MEDIUM
25°C < T < 100°C
LOW
PRIMERA
CATEGORIA
ZUNIL
AMATITLAN
SAN MARCOS
TECUAMBURRO
TOTONICAPAN
SEGUNDA
CATEGORIA
LOS ACHIOTES
MOYUTA
IXTEPEQUE-IPALA
TERCERA
CATEGORIA
PALENCIA
RETANA
AYARZA
ATITLAN
MOTAGUA
Página 12
No.
Nom bre proye cto
Entidad
Docum e nto
Fe cha de
de
autorización
autorización
Es tado
proye cto
Año 2000
1
Geotec - Sur
Geotec , S.A.
Temporal
4/4/2000
Temporal
3/16/2004
Temporal
12/11/2008
Temporal
12/16/2009
AÑO 2004
2
Valorsa
Valores y Servic ios, S.A.
Año 2008
3
Cerro Blanc o
Geotermia Oriental de Guatemala, S.A.
Año 2009
San Marc os
Brightstar Renewable Energy Guatemala, S.A.
Zunil II
Brightstar Renewable Energy Guatemala, S.A.
4
5
Temporal
1/30/2009
En Trám ite
6
Ambar
Rec ursos del Golfo, S.A.
Temporal
7
La Chinita
Rec ursos del Golfo, S.A.
Temporal
8
Clare
Rec ursos del Golfo, S.A.
Temporal
9
Gloria
Rec ursos del Golfo, S.A.
Temporal
10
Proyec to Geotèrmic o Joaquina
Centrales Geoelèc tric as, S.A.
Temporal
11
12
Proyec to Geotérmic o Atitlán
Centrales Geoelèc tric as, S.A.
Temporal
13
San Mic hkael
San Mic hkael, S.A.
La Fumarola
Rec ursos del Golfo, S.A.
Página 13
Nombre Proyecto
Geotermica El Ceibillo
Geotermica Moyuta
Tecuamburro Ortemala 1
Geotermico Tecuamburro
Central Geotermica Cerro Blanco
Geotermico Tecuamburro INDE
Geotermico San Marcos INDE
Geotermico Moyuta INDE
TOTAL DE CAPACIDAD A INSTALAR
Localizacion
Potencia (MW)
25
Amatitlan, Guatemala
44
Moyuta, Jutiapa
50
San Vicente Pacaya, Escuintla
44
Pueblo Nuevo Vinas, Santa Rosa
50
Asuncion Mita, Jutiapa
50
Pueblo Nuevo Vinas, Santa Rosa
24
San Cristobal Cucho, San Marcos
20
Moyuta, Jutiapa
307
Res. CNEE
Fecha Op.
133-2009
175-2009
200-2009
35-2008
134-2011
271-2011
270-2011
2569-2011
2014
2018
2014
2017
2013
2016
2016
2015
Página 14
Decree number 52-2003
Incentives Law for the Development of RE projects
Government Decree No. 211-2005
RE Incentives Law Bylaws
Fiscal Incentives:
a) Preoperative and Construction phases:
• Import Duties
• VAT
b) Commercial-Operational Phase
• Income RevenueTax (ISR)
Página 15
Article 16. (RLGE) Geothermal Plants. Require
Authorization (Over 5 MW)
Authorizations:
Temporary:
 For Studies
 Max surface 10,000 square kilometers (Km2 ),
Definitive:
 For exploration and commercial explotation
 Max surface 100 square kilometers (Km2).
 Only one geothermal reservoir
Several interested parties can request authorization
over the same area.
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Use of Geothermal Resources
The definitive authorization in a specific area must
•Have a signed Authorization contract;
•Exploration plan and programs;
•Development and explotation plan;
•Areas granted through definitve authorization shall
not overlap.
When the player is no longer interested in the resource,
MEM cancell the authorization
The lack of activity is equivalent to given up on the
authorization and quitting on rights over the area.
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Definitive Authorization (Art. 4 RLGE)
Project description
Project plans (prefeasibility and investment profiles)
Environmental Impact Study (EIA) approved by MARN
Electrical studies prepared according to NEAST norms
Detail of the property tobe used
Authorized permits and rights of way (in contracts)
Work Schedule
Project Budget
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Inversion US$/kw
Inversion US$/kw
Página 20
Parameter
In-depht Average:
Data
1,500 meters
Bottom Temperature:
280°C
Average Power:
5 Mwe
Average Cost:
4 millon USD
Orientation:
vertical or deviated
Valves similar to an oil well
Diameter:
telescopic de 26” – 8”
Página 21
INDE to fulfill its obligations:
Rational use of natural resources
Support to the Exploration of Geothermal Resources
Ministry of Energy and Mines:
Geothermal Master Plan with Japan´s Support
Financial cooperation from Japan for well drilling
Human Resources Training at the Instituto Regional de Geotermia
(El Salvador)
Launch in 2014 a bidding process for a geothermal power
generation project
•Use of PPP Framework
•Potential JV with INDE
Página 22