Visual Communication Images with Messages Chapter 10: Cartoons

Visual Communication
Images with Messages
Chapter 10: Cartoons
Donuts. Is there nothing they
can’t do?
Matt Groening, 1954–
CARTOONIST, WRITER,
PRODUCER
Matt Groening
Matt Groening
“Life in Hell”
The Original Simpsons
on the Tracy Ullman Show
Personal Perspective
•  Not Considered Serious
•  One of the Oldest Forms of
Communication
•  One of the Most Complicated Art
Forms
Comfort from Beavis
personal perspective
historical perspective: caricatures
Lascaux Cave Painting
found on a wall at Pompei
Historical Perspective
•  Single-Framed Cartoons
•  Caricatures
•  Cave Drawings
•  Egyptian Artwork
•  Pompeii
•  Leonardo da Vinci
•  Annibale Carracci and
Relatives
•  Al Hirschfeld
Leonardo Da Vinci Caricatures
leonardo da vinci
annibale carracci
Analysis Requires Knowledge
david levine
President Johnson’s News Picture
Historical Perspective
•  Single-Framed Cartoons
•  Editorial
•  William Hogarth: English
•  Benjamin Franklin:
Revolution
•  James Gillray: Napoleon
•  Thomas Nast: Boss Tweed
•  Bill Mauldin: WWII: "Willie
and Joe” and Civil Rights
•  Herbert Block: Civil Rights
Era
•  Paul Conrad: Present Issues
William Hogarth’s “Scene with the Quack”
historical perspective: editorial cartoons
William Hogarth’s “Gin Lane”
William Hogarth
Benjamin Franklin’s Call to Arms
benjamin franklin
James Gillray
Thomas Nast’s Tammany Ring
Thomas Nast
Elephant and Donkey Symbols
Popular Image of Santa Claus
Bill Maudin
Herbert Block
Herbert Block
Paul Conrad
Paul Conrad
Michael Ramirez
historical perspective: humorous cartoons
Gary Larson
Gary Larson
Historical Perspective
•  Single-Framed Cartoons
•  Humorous
•  Puck, 1871 and Judge, 1881
•  Boost from Sigmund Freud,
1905
•  The New Yorker, 1925,
Harold Ross
•  Charles Addams
•  Gary Larson
•  Art Spiegelman and 911
Art Spiegelman Cover
Historical Perspective
•  Multi-Framed Cartoons
•  Egyptian Paintings
•  Greek Vases
•  Japanese "Continuity Paintings”
•  Bayeux Tapestry, 1067
•  Flip Books
•  John Newbery, 1744
•  Heinrich Hoffmann’s
Struwwelpeter
Egyptian Wrestlers, 1300 B.C.E.
historical perspective: multiframe cartoons, Egyptian mural
Roman mosaics, 1700 years ago
Bayeux Tapestry, 1000 years ago: 1.6 x 230 feet Historical Perspective
•  Multi-Framed Cartoons
•  Egyptian Paintings
•  Greek Vases
•  Japanese "Continuity Paintings”
•  Bayeux Tapestry, 1067
•  Flip Books
•  John Newbery, 1744
•  Heinrich Hoffmann’s
Struwwelpeter
Bayeux Tapestry
John Newbery
Comic Strip Stamps
historical perspective: comic strips
richard outcault’s yellow kid
joseph pulitzer and william randolph hearst
George Herriman
George Herriman
Krazy Kat
Charles Schulz’s “Peanuts”
$35 Million in Annual Worldwide Sales
Charles Shultz
Robert Crumb’s Handbook
Garry Trudeau’s Political Messages
Garry Trudeau
historical perspective: comic books
Max Gaines
The First Superman
William Gaines
Mad Magazine
Stan Lee
Spider Man, 1962
Live action cartoons
The Last Action (Governor) Hero
manga
Japanese Manga
Art Spiegelman’s Graphic Novel, Maus
historical
perspective: graphic novels
Frank Miller
Frank Miller’s Sin City Character
Chris Ware
Alan Moore, artist Dave Gibbons, and colourist John Higgins
100 Greatest Novels according to Time
Reynaud’s First Animation Theatre
historical perspective: animated films; charles-emile reynaud
eadweard muybridge’s zoopraxiscope
Reiniger’s Adventures of Prince Achmed
Lotte Reininger
Initial Mickey Mouse Sketches by Ub Iwerks
Historical Perspective
•  Multi-Framed Cartoons
•  Animated Films
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
George Melies, Trip to the Moon, 1902
Winsor McCay, Gertie, 1914
Walt Disney
•  Snow White & Beauty and the Beast
Chuck Jones & Tex Avery
•  "Looney Tunes"
Hanna and Barbera
•  "The Flintstones" & "The Jetsons"
John Lasseter
•  Toy Story and Monster’s, Inc.
Mickey Mouse in Steamboat Willie, 1928
Japanese "Anime"
Mortimer Mouse in Steamboat Willie
Bugs Bunny of Looney Tunes
Warner Bros.
Hanna & Barbera “The Jetsons”
Nick Park
Chicken Run (2000)
Director: Nick Park
Different Sized Frames Increase Interest
“Pinball Wizard” by Joost Swarte
technical perspective: framing
Simple or Complex Settings
technical perspective: setting
Crude or Sophisticated Characters
technical perspective: characters
Motion Lines: Bill Mauldin
technical perspective: motion lines
Reading Out Loud is Allowed
technical perspective: typography
Important to Know the Historical Event
technical perspective: balloons
The Silver Surfer by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby
technical perspective: action sequences
Beauty and the Beast (1991)
Directors: Gary Trousdale & Kirk Wise
Beautyperspective:
and the Beast (1991)full cel animation
technical
Directors: Gary Trousdale & Kirk Wise
Princess Mononoke (1997)
Director: Hayao Miyazaki
anime
Princess Mononoke (1997)
Director: Hayao Miyazaki
Yellow Submarine, (1968)
technical perspective: limited animation
Waking Life, (2001)
Director: Richard Linklater
Warning: Violent Content
Waking Life, (2001)
technical perspective:
rotoscoping
Director: Richard Linklater
Still from King Kong
technical perspective: stop motion animation (model)
Technical Perspective
•  Cel
• 
• 
Looney Tunes & Disney Productions
Bambi Meets Godzilla
•  Object
• 
Willis O'Brien & Ray Harryhausen
•  Materials
• 
• 
• 
George Pal, Will Vinton, Terry Gilliam
Henry Selick's Nightmare Before
Christmas
Nick Park's Wrong Trousers
•  Live Action and Animation
• 
• 
Who Framed Roger Rabbit, 1998
Jason and the Argonauts (1963)
Looney Tunes: Back in Action, 2003 Director: Don Chaffey
Animation by Ray Harryhausen
•  Computer-Generated (CGI)
• 
• 
Waking Life, 2001
Final Fantasy: The Spirits Within, 2001
Still from King Kong
Making of "Wrong Trousers," 1993
by Nick Park
Making
of "Wrong Trousers,"
1993
technical
perspective:
stop
motion animation (clay)
by Nick Park
technical perspective: stop motion animation (puppet)
world’s smallest using a Nokia phone and a microscope
2D Morphing of President Bush
and Governor Schwarzenegger
technical perspective: cgi animation (2D)
Technical Perspective
•  Cel
•  Looney Tunes & Disney Productions
•  Bambi Meets Godzilla
•  Object
•  Willis O'Brien & Ray Harryhausen
•  Materials
•  George Pal, Will Vinton, Terry Gilliam
•  Henry Selick's Nightmare Before
Christmas
•  Nick Park's Wrong Trousers
•  Live Action and Animation
•  Who Framed Roger Rabbit, 1988
•  Looney Tunes: Back in Action, 2003
•  Computer-Generated (CGI)
•  Waking Life, 2001
Who2001
Framed Roger Rabbit, (1988)
•  Final Fantasy: The Spirits Within,
Director: Roger Zemeckis
•  Waltz with Bashir, 2008
Who Framed Roger Rabbit, (1988)
Director: Roger Zemeckis
technical perspective: cgi with live action
Technical Perspective
•  Cel
•  Looney Tunes & Disney Productions
•  Bambi Meets Godzilla
•  Object
•  Willis O'Brien & Ray Harryhausen
•  Materials
•  George Pal, Will Vinton, Terry Gilliam
•  Henry Selick's Nightmare Before
Christmas
•  Nick Park's Wrong Trousers
•  Live Action and Animation
•  Who Framed Roger Rabbit, 1988
•  Looney Tunes: Back in Action, 2003
•  Computer-Generated (CGI)
•  Waking Life, 2001
•  Final Fantasy: The Spirits Within, 2001
•  Waltz with Bashir, 2008
Waltz with Bashir (2008)
Director: Ari Folman
Final Fantasy: The Spirits Within (2001)
Directors: Hironobu Sakaguchi &
Moto Sakakibara
technical perspective: cgi animation (3D)
Avatar (2009)
Director: James Cameron
Final Fantasy: The Spirits Within (2001)
Directors: Hironobu Sakaguchi &
Moto Sakakibara
technical perspective: cgi animation (performance capture)
ethical perspective
"All This and Rabbit Stew," (8/1941)
Director: Fred "Tex" Avery (uncredited)
"All This and Rabbit Stew," (8/1941)
Director: Fred "Tex" Avery (not credited)
“the simpsons” opening by banksy: asian sweatshops
Cultural Perspective
•  Our First Introduction to Reading
•  Symbols Change with the Times and
Culture
Critical Perspective
•  A Sophisticated Art Form Worthy of
Serious Study
Future Directions
•  Cartoonists as Rock Stars
•  More Opportunities:
•  “Adult Swim”
•  Comics in the Classroom
•  Concerns Over Harm to Society
Atomic Ant on the Wall
cultural perspective
Cultural Perspective
•  Our First Introduction to Reading
•  Symbols Change with the Times and
Culture
Critical Perspective
•  A Sophisticated Art Form Worthy of
Serious Study
Future Directions
•  Cartoonists as Rock Stars
•  More Opportunities:
•  “Adult Swim”
•  Comics in the Classroom
•  Concerns Over Harm to Society
Dignifying Science: Getting Kids Interested in Reading
critical perspective
trends to watch: more graphic novels and comic books
trends to watch: historical stories
trends to watch: personalized comics, sarah glidden
trends to watch: continued popularity