General Flora Survey of Teluk Rubiah Forest Focusing on Orchids

General Flora Survey of Teluk Rubiah
Forest Focusing on Orchids and
Medicinal Plants
RUSEA GO, MOHD. AKMAL MOHD. RAFFI, SITI FATIMAH MD ISA,
NUR ADILAH AUYOB, JANNA ONG ABDULLAH, &
NUR ASHIKIN PSYQUAY ABDULLAH.
UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA, SERDANG
Teluk Rubiah, Lumut, Perak
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Field
documentation &
random samplings
Collection of living
samples and exsitu conservation in
the glasshouse
Morphological
identification and
checklist
confirmation
Preservation using
standard
herbarium
technique
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
Orchids
3 species from
2 subfamilies
Medicinal
plants
31 species from
23 families
Floral survey
ORCHIDS
Five subfamilies:
Apostasioideae,
Cypripedioideae,
Orchidoideae,
Epidendroideae and
Vanilloideae.
More than 25,000
species world wide
Three habits:
Epiphytic,
Terrestrial, and
Litophytic.
Orchidaceae
Chase et al. 2003;
Holttum 1964
Flower Morphology
Dorsal Sepal
Anther Cap
Stigma
Column
Petal
Ovaries
Lip
Lateral Sepal
Vanda sp.
Source : Rittershausen, 2009
Uses
(Rusea and Khali, 2008)
Traditional
medicine
• Apostasia nuda as treatment
for diarrhea and eyes
inflammation.
Food and
flavourings
• Tubers of Eulophia species as
supplementary food.
• Flavour – Vanilla species
Other uses
• Fragrance – Phalaenopsis
bellina
Apostasia (Apostasioideae)
Apostasia nuda
Cymbidium (Epidendroideae)
Cymbidium finlaysonianum
Dendrobium (Epidendroideae)
Dendrobium crumenatum
MEDICINAL PLANTS
Simaroubaceae
Eurycoma longifolia Jack
Tongkat Ali
Roots
- pounded poultice roots is use to treat
wounds, ulcers & sores.
- decoction of roots is drink to relieve
gastric pains, reduce high
blood pressure & fever.
Bark
- as a blood coagulant in complications
after childbirth
 Leaves
- eaten raw to relieve stomachache.
Zingiberaceae
Costus speciosus (Koenig)
Sm.
Spiral Ginger
Rhizome
 Treat fever, rash,
asthma, bronchitis,
& intestinal worms.
Zingiberaceae
Globba winitii C.H.Wright
Dancing Ladies Ginger
 Rhizome
 After childbirth treatment.
 Externally use to treat sores
& rheumatism.
Acanthaceae
Justicia gendarussa Burm.f.
Warer willow / Gandarusa/ Temenggong Melela/ Urat Sugi




Extracts from young shoot are used to treat coughs & asthma,
Fresh leaves can cure rheumatism.
Decoction of leaves is use as treatment after childbirth.
Decoction of roots can cure diarrhea.
Menispermaceae
Coscinium blumeanum
Mires
Akar Mengkunyit
Treat cuts and sores.
Verbenaceae
Stachytarpheta indica (L.) Vahl
Blue Snakeweed / Jarong
Treat intestinal worms, ulcers,
stomach ailments, cataract,
open sores, diarrhea,
dysentery, malaria, syphilis and
jaundice.
Blechnaceae
Blechnum orientale Linn
Paku Lipan / Centipede Fern
Treat wounds, boils, blisters, stomach pain and urinary
bladder complaints.
Rubiaceae
Ixora javanica (Blume) DC.
Jejarum
Extracts showed promising
antitumor activities.
Nepenthaceae
Nepenthes gracilis Korth.
Slender pitcher plant
Fluids of unopened pitchers
are used for treating burns
and skin disorders.
CONSERVATION STRATEGIES
EXISTING ORCHIDS
FOREIGN ORCHIDS
SURVEY
IDENTIFICATION
PROPAGATION
RE-INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION
MONITORING
MEDICINAL PLANTS
CONCLUSION
With this results, it shows that the forest inhabit natural
treasures for human kind.
 We believe more useful plants exist in the forest just
waiting to be discovered and to be protected from any harm
owing to the rapid development of the surrounding area.
REFERENCES
• Chase, M.W., Cameron, K.M., Barrett, R.L. & Freudenstein, J.V. 2003. DNA
Data and Orchidaceae Systematics: A New Phylogenetic Classification.
Orchid Conservation. Pp 69-89. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota
Kinabalu, Sabah.
• Rusea, G and Khali, A.H. 2008. Orchids of Peat Swamp Forests in
Peninsular Malaysia. Peat Swamp Forest Project, UNDP/GEF Funded
(MAL/99/G31), Ministry of Natural Resouces and Environment. 136 Pp.
• R. H. M. J. Lemmens and N. Bunyapraphatsara. 2003. Plant Resources of
South-East Asia 12. (Medicinal and Poisonous Plants Vol. I – III) PROSEA
Foundation Bogor, Indonesia.
THANK YOU