Presentation 3

Global Trends, Local Solutions
February 2011
ASIA PACIFIC PARTNERSHIP
Australia
Henley Properties Group & CSIRO
AusZEH Demonstration House
Source:
HENLEY PROPERTIES GROUP & CSIRO
The AusZEH Demonstration House is a new 4 bedroom detatched 8star energy rated home that aims to deliver a residential home with
a net zero footprint. The demonstration house forms part of the
AusZEH project which aims to demonstration technologies and
innovative solutions to reduce greenhouse gas (GSG) emissions in
the housing sector.
PROJECT PARTNERS:
Henley Properties Group / Sumitomo Forestry
Henley Build Australia wide & construct ~ 2000 homes p.a.
Combined Henley & Sumitomo construct ~ 10,000 homes p.a. throughout N.A, Asia & Australia
CSIRO
The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation
It is Australia's national science agency.
HENLEY PROPERTIES GROUP & CSIRO
LOCATION
Melbourne
Elevation ~ 160m
Annual Mean daily sunshine ~ 6 hrs or
4.3kW/m2
Summer ave temp 15 to 26C = 59 to 79F
Winter ave temp 6 to 13C = 42 to 55F
ENERGY
The “typical” Australian home has an annual
energy bill of approximately $2000 p.a.
This forecast does not include increases due
to the proposed CPRS.
HOUSE
The cost of AusZEH pre-energy optimization is
AU$260,000.
HENLEY PROPERTIES GROUP & CSIRO
Forecast Annual Typical Energy Cost in comparison to Energy Efficiency Investment.
Gas & Elec Bill
ZEH Investment = +$40,000
$40,000
8Star Home
ZEH
$30,000
$8,025
$8,827
$9,713
$10,692
$11,774
2026
2027
2028
2029
2030
$4,576
2020
$7,299
$4,174
2019
2025
$3,810
2018
$6,642
$3,479
2017
2024
$3,179
2016
$6,047
$2,907
2015
2023
$2,659
2014
$5,507
$2,435
2013
2022
$2,230
2012
$5,019
$2,044
2011
$1,875
$10,000
2021
8 Star Investment = +$20,000
$20,000
2010
DOLLARS $
$0
-$10,000
-$20,000
-$30,000
-$40,000
Year
Investment Payback
ZEH = 2022 = 12 years
8 Star = 2019 = 9 years
Net $ Balance @ 2030 ie 20 year lifecycle
ZEH = +$73,000.00
8 Star = +$59,000.00
Note: Forecast annual prices increase of 11% Elec & 5% Gas.
-$50,000
Utilities Data Sourced: Independent Pricing and Regulatory Tribunal NSW.
-$60,000
www.ipart.nsw.gov .au
Rev iew of regulated retail tariffs and charges for gas from 1 July 2010 to 30 June 2013 – final report
Regulated electricity retail tariffs for 1 July 2010 to 30 June 2013 – Final Report
HENLEY PROPERTIES GROUP & CSIRO
PASSIVE SOLAR DESIGN,
ORIENTATION AND SHADING:
The Passive Solar design of AusZEH
has been maximized. Minimizing the
need for supplementary heating in
Winter.
Maximized North facing Living Zones
and glazing to this orientation.
Minimise South & West Facing Glass.
Position bedrooms to the South.
Position utility rooms to West.
To minimize overheating in Summer
the north & west glazing is protected
from solar heat gain by the installation
of eaves, awnings and external blinds.
HENLEY PROPERTIES GROUP & CSIRO
AusZEH APPROACH:
Insulation:
• Walls = Glass Wool Batts 90mm = SI R2.5 ~ US R15
• Ceiling = Glass Wool Batts 260mm = SI R6.0 ~ US R36
• Floor Waffle Pod Slab = SI R1.0 ~ US R6
Double Glazing = Timber framed argon fill.
Blower door & Thermal imaging to achieve Air Tightness and
sealing. ACH@50 = 4
15 W Energy efficient compact fluorescent downlights..
Ducted reverse cycle invertor. Zoned Split system ducted air
conditioning system.
Flat Plate Solar with electric boost.
Minimum Energy Performance Standards rating appliances
6Kw Solar PV Array
36 x 170W
HENLEY PROPERTIES GROUP & CSIRO
The AusZEH demonstration house has been fitted
with a unique Home Energy Management System
(HEMS) which tracks energy and water use and
supply.
HEMS also displays the local weather conditions
and tracks the amount of energy generated by the
rooftop solar panels and compares this against
energy consumption.
HEMS also displays the energy & carbon
consumption of the appliances and provides a
graphical representation the performance.
The critical measure is Energy Consumption is LESS
THAN Energy Generation.
ASIA PACIFIC PARTNERSHIP
Canada
Minto Communities Inc.
Inspiration
Ampersand
Source:
MINTO COMMUNITIES INC.
Built as part of the EQuilibrium Housing Initiative
launched by the Canadian Mortgage and Housing
Corporation in 2007
• Flex house from 3 to 7 bedrooms
• $6,000 yr in revenue from renewables
• Net 45 before renewables
• Build it tight!
• No air conditioning
• Natural ventilation
• Solar orientation
• Solar air for pre-heat
• Heat recovery
• Energy Star appliances
• Recycled materials
• Greenest House in Canada!
MINTO COMMUNITIES INC.
Grid-Tied Power Generation
Natural Lighting & Natural Ventilation
Built Tight
•
Double Wall Construction
•
R60 Roof/Ceiling Insulation
•
Triple Pane Low-E Argon Windows
MINTO COMMUNITIES INC.
Average Summer temperature: 20°C, high of 35°C
Average Winter temperature: -10°C, low of -40°C
Snows 5 months a year
House construction all year round, extra expense
during winter months
AMPERSAND
APP Project
Objective: explore the
feasibility of constructing
zero energy housing on a
community scale.
At the APP Integrated
Technology Charrette at the
Vancouver BATF & REDGTF
meetings, participants, led
by a five-person facilitation
team, formulated over 300
potential solutions to address
energy reduction and
generation.
MINTO COMMUNITIES INC.
ASIA PACIFIC PARTNERSHIP
China
Insightful Healthy Homes &
Shanghai Daan Real Estate Ltd. Co.
Source:
Insightful Healthy Homes
INSIGHTFUL HEALTHY HOMES – SHANGHAI DAAN
Daan Santa Barbara Garden
Design and build a cluster including one townhouse with 8
units and three single family homes to ZEH - Ready standard
Shanghai
31.4N, 121.5E
Heating degree-day=1502
Cooling degree-day = 2891
INSIGHTFUL HEALTHY HOMES – SHANGHAI DAAN
TECHNOLOGY
SCENARIO 1
SCENARIO 2
SCENARIO 3
Window shading
Manual
Manual
Automatic
Natural lighting
●
●
●
Natural ventilation
●
●
●
●
●
Green roof
5.5” spray foam insulation
●
●
+ 1” XPS
R56 ceiling insulation
●
●
●
3” EPS Type 2 slab insulation
●
●
●
Double argon, low e, insulated spacer
Vinyl
Vinyl
Fibreglass
Air change
1.0
1.0
0.75
Low energy lighting fixtures
●
●
●
Energy Star Appliances
●
●
●
Green switch
●
●
●
Low water use plumbing
●
●
●
Grey water heat recovery
Rough in
●
●
Motion Sensor control lighting
Rough in
●
●
●
●
High efficiency
High efficiency
●
●
●
●
●
Solar thermal collectors
Rough in
●
●
PV
Pre-wired
Pre-wired
Pre-wired
Energy monitor & control
ERV
●
Solar DHW tank
Ground source heat pump
INSIGHTFUL HEALTHY HOMES – SHANGHAI DAAN
Total
Construction
Cost (A)
Energy Load for
House
(kWh/year)
Renewable
Generation
(kWh/year)
BASELINE
Super E
Scenario 1
(must have list)
Scenario 2
(should have list)
Scenario 3
(nice to have list)
$280,000
$320,000
$370,000
$385,000
$400,000
38685
28821
16467
13219
12554
n/a
0
0
2407
2407
24700
19760
16467
13219
12554
$152,302
$123,042
$103,500
$78,000
$74,000
$108738
$67,200
$5,000
$1,000
$1,000
$541,040
$510,242
$478,500
$464,000
$475,000
FUTURE RETROFIT TO ZEH
Renewable
Generation
required to
reach ZEH
(kWh/year)
Cost of adding
renewable
system (B)
Cost for
construction
retrofit (C)
Total Cost
(A+B+C)
ASIA PACIFIC PARTNERSHIP
China
PROJECTS UNDER DEVELOPMENT
Habitat Design + Consulting
EcoSmart Foundation
Okanagan College
PROJECTSUNDER DEVELOPMENT
HABITAT DESIGN +
CONSULTING
6 unit townhouse
• 1 ZEH unit
• 5 ZEH – Ready units
• Jinqiao district of Pudong in
Shangahi
Partners:
• Monarch Ltd.
• Jinqiao Development
Corporation
• Canada Wood China
• East China Architectural
Design & Research Insitute
COMPLETION: MARCH 2011
ECOSMART
FOUNDATION
The Sustainable Condo for
Chongqing is an educational
exhibit that uses
contextualized living spaces
and interactive zones to
demonstrate green building
products and strategies.
LAUNCH: APRIL 2011
OKANAGAN COLLEGE &
OKANAGAN S&T COUNCIL
Resource Positive Envelope
Design
The purpose of the project is
to build on existing national
and international networks to
share research on green
building envelope design
(including walls, roofs and
foundations) that will reduce
by 75% GHG emissions
associated with the heating,
cooling and construction of
buildings.
COMPLETION: MARCH 2011
ASIA PACIFIC PARTNERSHIP
India
Tata Housing & ATFCAN
Tata Housing Premashraya Project, Kolkata
Source:
TATA HOUSING & ATFCAN
Space for approximately 600 people, including patients and their support caregivers, doctors and nurses.
The facility is intended to provide dormitory style rooms, to low income outpatients largely from surrounding
rural areas, to allow them to rest and recuperate while undergoing cancer treatment.
Approximately 9,500 m2 in area, with dormitory style rooms, communal support spaces, a market, a multipurpose room/auditorium, a cafeteria and administration offices.
Some units will be provided for
doctors and nurses and other
paying guests.
The facility will be owned by
Tata’s Social Trust but will be
operated by a non-profit entity
set up for the purpose.
The approach for the design is
Mindful Building and it is based on
precepts set out by Gandhi,
namely simplicity, frugality and
multiplicity.
TATA HOUSING & ATFCAN
Dormitory Rooms for Free Guests
• Ventilation – cross flow and ceiling fans
• Cooling - cross flow ventilation and ceiling fans
to achieve sufficient air changes
• Lighting – minimal with manual switching,
possibly LED if it enables PV
• Power – minimum number of power points
Rooms for Paying Guests
• Envelope – 4” insulated block, window film/lowE glass/ double glazed
• Ventilation – cross flow and ceiling
fans
• Cooling – some air conditioning,
occupied zone only, possibly
displacement ventilation
• Kitchen/Bath – lower ceiling
heights with cross ventilation
above, gas for cooking
• Lighting – more lights, more control,
possibly LED if it enables PV
• Power – more power points
Communal Kitchens
• Domestic Hot Water – low flow, consumption
fixtures, central solar hot water, laundry, water
and energy savings
• Refrigeration – small efficient units in each
kitchen
TATA HOUSING & ATFCAN
Multi-purpose room/ Auditorium
• Challenge with needing to accommodate 200
people
• Efficient lighting
• Likely needs mechanical air conditioning
solution, perhaps displacement ventilation
Cafeteria
• Will have full kitchen – lighting, gas, ventilation,
refrigeration
• Needs efficient lighting and mechanical
equipment design
Market Kiosks (~ 75 m2)
• Lighting, power, some water, Power for ATM
Admin offices for NGO (~ 150-200m2)
• Lighting and power, ventilation, cooling,
bathrooms
Emergency Rooms – 4 required
• Lighting and power – backed up with UPS
• Ventilation
• Air conditioning
TATA HOUSING & ATFCAN
Several options for gupply generationn were generated and examined:
Wind – low average windspeed in Kolkata but possibilities for “bicycle wheel” turbine which has a low cut-in speed
Solar Water Heater – roof-mounted, close to gravity water storage tanks
PV – quantity unknown, mount on roof, additional likely needed on façade – challenged as façade is shaded
Biogas – kitchen and toilet and solid waste feedstock, bio digester likely technology
Bio diesel – possibility for on-site electricity
generation through use of on site used cooking oil,
quantities available unknown, potential off site
sources unknown – potential for new business?
Heat Recovery – no off site source known at this
time, but could recover from bio diesel if this proves
feasible
PV outdoor lighting – economics may dictate, as
well as access to sun at grade level
ASIA PACIFIC PARTNERSHIP
India
WinBuild Inc.
Kesar Built Systems Pvt. Ltd.
Source:
WINBUILD INC.
N
Ahmedabad
Annual - Cooling Degree Days (18 deg. C)
Maximum Direct Solar of
3382
7429 Wh/m² on Apr 5
WINBUILD INC.
1) Reduce Load
2) Increase Equipment efficiency
Local consideration
• Life of House (100 yr)
• Equipment use and
schedule
• Local issues
•Religious beliefs
•Wild life
Solar
Water heater
PV
Natural Daylight
•
•
•
•
•
•
Cool Roof
Weather Data
Site
Surrounding
Orientation
Shadowing
Vegetation
Natural
Ventilation
Sensors
Smart Glazing
1.70
m
HVAC
Cold Ground air
Dimmable
Lighting
Comfort
Zone
Wall – Phase Change
Color to reduced
Glare
Smart Meter
WINBUILD INC.
WINBUILD INC.
Analysis – Cool Roof vs insulation
ASIA PACIFIC PARTNERSHIP
Japan
Tsuchiya Twoby & Super E
Source:
TSUCHIYA TWOBY & SUPER E
The net-zero energy home is also a Super E® home. Super E® is an
Assurance for a healthier, more comfortable alternative and a better choice for the
environment
Each Super E® home receives a unique identification number and is
provided with a Certificate of Recognition signed by a representative
of the Government of Canada.
All Super E® homes have passed the
following stringent tests:
➜ An air tightness test to ensure energy-efficiency, moisture
protection and maximum control over indoor air quality;
➜ A ventilation flow and balancing test to ensure a constant supply
of fresh, healthy air to every habitable room in the house;
➜ A computerized energy consumption simulation modelled against
the ideal to ensure maximum energy performance and minimum
production of greenhouse gases;
➜ A wall structure design verification to ensure moisture protection
and long-term durability; and, results of these tests, performed
on every Super E® home, have been reviewed and approved
by independent specialists from the Government of Canada’s
Super E® House Program.
TSUCHIYA TWOBY & SUPER E
Solar Thermal
Water Heater
Photovoltaic Panels
Vacuum Insulation Panel
Passive Solar Shading
Over Glazing
Energy Recovery Ventilator
Rainwater Harvesting
Drainwater Heat
Recovery System
Geothermal Heat Pump
ASIA PACIFIC PARTNERSHIP
Korea
SK Engineering & Construction
Source:
SK ENGINEERING & CONSTRUCTION
%
44%
100%
56%
Annual energy use
Base-Line
Building
SK Chemicals
Laboratory
Ton
3,600
Ton
33%
2,400
Ton
Base-Line
Building
SK Chemicals
Laboratory
Ton
20,000
15,000
63%
10,000
5,000
0
Base-Line
Building
SK Chemicals
Laboratory
SK ENGINEERING & CONSTRUCTION
SK ENGINEERING & CONSTRUCTION
14.5%
90.7M
* Compared to regular building standards
ASIA PACIFIC PARTNERSHIP
United States
Artistic Homes
Source:
ARTISTIC HOMES
Santa Fe, NM – elevation 7,260 feet
∙ 1540 square feet
∙ IECC zone 5B
∙ 6,092 Heating degree days
∙ 1644 Cooling degree hours
Base House - 54 HERS
-R-50 Attic Insulation
- R-21 Wall Insulation
- 2X6 studs on 2 feet centers with advanced
framing techniques
-Energy Star® Windows – U.31 Shgc .31
- 98% efficient tankless water heater
-100% CFL’s
- All ductwork in conditioned space
- Perimeter slab insulation
∙ R-10 horizontal
∙ R-5 Vertical
- Blower Door
∙ cfm50=505
∙ ACH50=2.41
- 93% efficient furnace
- 13 SEER Refrigerated A/C Unit
Technologies Added to reach ZEH
- Solar Thermal Hot Water System and 80 gal solar
storage tank
- 5.2 Kwh Photovoltaic Solar System was added
- Air Source Heat Pump HSPF 9.0
- EnergyStar® 15 SEER Refrigerated A/C Unit
ARTISTIC HOMES
Advantages:
New Mexico has a Sustainable Building Tax
Credit (SBTC)
-House must have:
-∙ HERS rating of 60 or less
∙ Certified LEED-H silver or greater
- This house qualifies for $13,860.00
Federal Solar Tax Credit
- 30% of total cost ($38,000.00) is
$11,400.00
Utility has a 12 year REC program along with net
metering
- $0.12/Kwh est. pmnt./yr is $1,000 or a
total of $12,000.00
Avoided Utility Cost (non-inflated) over 12 years
- Difference between base house
(HERS 54) and ZEH is $783.00/ yr for a
total of $9,396.00
Total incentives = $46,656.00 for the customer
over a 12 year period
ARTISTIC HOMES
From 100 HERS (code built) to 54 HERS
$12,000.00
54 HERS to 0 HERS
$38,000.00
Total upcharge on sales price
$50,000.00
Total incentives over 12 years
<$46,656.00>
Added cost to customer
$ 3,344.00
This is a small difference as long as the customer is willing to wait for 12 years.
The actual and long term benefits are much greater due to inflation protection and reduced
carbon footprint with a ZEH
ASIA PACIFIC PARTNERSHIP
Mexico
VINTE
Real Ibiza – Vertical Retrofit – Playa del Carmen
Source:
VINTE
Amenities
•
•
•
•
•
•
Living room
Dining room
Kitchen
Laundry Patio
2 Bedrooms
Bathroom
Construction Area
•600 Sq. Ft.
Sale Price
•$37,000 USD
VINTE
VINTE
ASIA PACIFIC PARTNERSHIP
Mexico
Casas GEO
Single family housing – Acapulco
Vertical housing - Coatzacoalcos
Source:
CASAS GEO
Casas GEO is one of the largest private
developer of affordable housing in America
in terms of sold units. Over 37 years Casas
GEO has built over 500,000 houses and
currently more than 2,000,000 Mexicans live
in a GEO home.
2010
19 states
44 municipalities
2010 – 2015 Territorial Expansion
ZEH Demonstration:
2 houses in Acapulco,
Guerrero
A module of vertical
housing of 6 dwellings in
Coatzacoalcos, Veracruz.
CASAS GEO
2 houses in Acapulco, Guerrero
According to the estimated calculations, in
each Acapulco house, a saving in energy
consumption of 3.11 Kilowatt/Hour is
expected, and 1.56 Tons of CO2 avoided
emissions a year.
Humid warm climate requires year round use of cooling
equipment
Bioclimatic design
A section of the roof slab, originally flat, was modified
to a two sloped slabs, to generate an exit to inner hot
air by a small window.
Small ventilation grids were added to the doors to
produce natural crossed ventilation
High efficiency cooling equipment
Energy saving fluorescent lamps will be installed.
Photovoltaic equipment interconnected by a
bidirectional meter
73.6 m2 (792.22 SqF) per unit
2010 – 2015 Territorial Expansion
Energy efficient and water saving fixtures
CASAS GEO
In the case of the Coatzacoalcos
houses, the prognosis is 2.14
Kilowatt/Hour a year of saved energy,
and 1.07 Tons of CO2 avoided
emissions a year.
A module of vertical housing of 6 dwellings in
Coatzacoalcos, Veracruz.
Humid warm climate requires year round use of cooling
equipment
Bioclimatic design
Small ventilation grids were added to the doors to
produce natural crossed ventilation
Solar control on facades
In roofs, insulation system is based in polystyrene plates
and waterproofing finishing with high reflectance. In outer
walls, insulation system with polystyrene plates is applied.
High efficiency cooling equipment with ecological
refrigerant
Energy saving fluorescent lamps
45.0 m2 (484.37 SqF) per unit
Photovoltaic equipment interconnected by a bidirectional
meter
Energy efficient and water saving fixtures
ASIA PACIFIC PARTNERSHIP
Mexico
URBI
Veritcal Housing – Cancun
Single housing - Mexicali
Source:
URBI
•
One of the largest home developers in Mexico
– Market share: approximately 7%
– Over 340,000 homes sold since 1981
– 2009: 42,144 homes sold
•
Operations in 33 cities in Mexico
•
Focused on affordable entry-level and low middleincome
This 15 houses will be self-sufficient
with photovoltaic energy through a solar farm.
VERTICAL HOUSING: 15 Houses Building
SIZE OF THE
HOUSE
PRICE OF THE
HOUSE
FOR PERSONS WITH
MONTLY INCOME
38 M2
$18,333 USD
$357 USD
42 M2
$20,666 USD
$550 USD
50 M2
$22,666 USD
$687 USD
URBI
ASIA PACIFIC PARTNERSHIP
Mexico
Consorcio ARA
Affordable row housing - Cancun
Source:
CONSORCIO ARA
THREE PROTOTYPES
Affordable housing
Organized as a neighborhood
ENERGY EXCHANGE WITH ZERO
ELECTRIC CONSUMPTION
Mixed land use including housing,
sports and commerce
48 row houses
One and two bedroom units
COMFORT AND VENTILATION
WITH NO ELECTRIC
CONSUMPTION
SOCIAL SUSTAINABILITY AND
ECONOMY OF RESOURCES
CONSORCIO ARA
ELECTRIC EXCHANGE WITH ZERO
ELECTRIC CONSUMPTION
House with no requirement for energy
from the electric net*
1kWp photovoltaic panel, covers the
demand
Bidirectional electric meter
Standard sustainable equipment with
energy and water saving elements
*during daylight hours
CONSORCIO ARA
1.
2.
4.
During the night,
the house takes
the energy from
the net, using the
positive balance to
cover the electric
consumption.
The bidirectional electric meter registers
the energy generated by the
photovoltaic panel that is not consumed
3.
The photovoltaic panel
generates energy
during daylight hours.
And it’s connected to
the house electric
installation
The unused electric energy is
passed to the electric net and
generates a positive balance for the
user that is registered on the
electric meter
CONSORCIO ARA
COMFORT AND VENTILATION WITH
NO ELECTRIC CONSUMPTION
Photovoltaic panel to activate the
ventilation and extraction system
Solar activated ceiling fan
Solar activated mechanical extractor
Standard sustainable equipment with
energy and water saving elements
CONSORCIO ARA
The system has no electric consumption
because is activated by solar power
1.
Fresh air gets
in trough a
vent installed
on the facades
MECHANICAL
EXTRACTOR
VENTILADOR
3.
VENT
2.
Due to temperature difference, hot air goes
up, moved by the ceiling vent
Hot air goes up and
is extracted by
mechanical means
ASIA PACIFIC PARTNERSHIP
Mexico
GRUPO SADASI
Single family - Cancun
Source:
GRUPO SADASI
First Step:
TO REDUCE ENERGY DEMAND
To know the reasons of the power “waste” in
the houses:
Cultural factors of the users who
affect the power cost.
i. It brings back to consciousness ecological and viable
Reduce-Reuse-Recycle
ii. Education and Instruction :
– Less consumption  less energy
– The practices viable has benefits $ for the families.
– Separation of solid residues
– Taken care of and saving of the water
– Instruction: handling and maintenance of
ecotechnologies.
Technological and design factors which causes
that the houses are inefficient in energy .
Analysis and design of: bio-climatic elements, passive
ecotechnologies and efficient electric home appliances.
GRUPO SADASI
SUMMARY
CONVENTIONAL
HOUSE
22 °C
Additional Investment
$0
Energy demand (kWh/año)
ECOTECHNICS +
BIOCLIMATIC
22° C
$ 87, 532
(27%)
ECOTECHNICS +
BIOCLIMATIC
+ SOLAR 22°C
$ 160,435
(50%)
7,505
4,470
4,470
Solar Generation Energy
(kWh/año)
--
--
2,190
Reduce consumption
(kWh/año)
--
CO2 annual avoid
--
1.5 Ton
2.6 Ton
Saving Electricity Manthly
--
$ 769 / 75%
$ 900 / 88%
Amortization Investment
--
10.8 años
18.3 años
Increase credit if 100%
saving pagment monthly
--
$ 64,000
$ 75,000
3,035
(40%)
5,225 (70%)