Nature`s own treatment system

Nature’s own treatment system
– in a scientific way
Wastewater treatment
with IN-DRÄN
Compact • Effective • Easy
Cesspools, chambers
and septic tanks made of PE
Low height • Stable structure • Long life-span
IN-DRÄN
IN-DRÄN, the percolation system without stones, is not only the low cost
alternative to the conventional percolation system but also the cost effective
solution for problem sites. The system is a dependable solution tested around
the world since the end of the 1970s and in Sweden since 1990.
IN-DRÄN is the solution at problem sites with small property, difficult ground, high
ground water table, poor soil drainage or an old clogged infiltration.
Due to its unique design only about ⅓ of the surface is needed compared to conventional
infiltration. Big savings are made by the decreased need of fill material. At sites with trees,
fewer have to be cut down to make the installation. No extra equipment is needed to spread
the water over the infiltration surface.
It’s possible to make larger systems since our products can easily be combined to fit your
specific needs.
Module
Length
Width
Height
Weight
~ 1,2 m
~ 0,6 m
~ 0,2 m
~ 5,5 kg
How IN-DRÄN works
Location
An IN-DRÄN module consists of a folded biotextile as
a structural material on which the biological clogging
layer grows. Between the folds are cores of thermo
plastics. Wastewater trickles down the folds which are
open upwards, passes through the biological clogging
layer, down into the ground. The biological
clogging layer in one fold gets the air
(oxygen) from the folds next to it.
Where a percolation system is to be located, the soil there must be able to bring away the water which loads the
installation. Therefore the installation’s long side must
be perpendicular to the runoff direction, which often
is equal to the ground slope. In this way the amount of
water passing through a cross-section of the soil is
minimized.
An installation must not receive external
water from the surroundings because
then it can stop functioning.
A smart choice
The design of IN-DRÄN creates
a larger surface for the biological clogging layer which gives
greater safety against clogWater
ging. The biological clogging
layer gets a lesser thickness and Air (oxygen)
has air available even though
damming occurs in the module.
The biotextile is the foundation
for the biological clogging layer instead of the soil surface. This gives a
better process. Which means that the infiltration surface is protected against clogging of particles, which is not the case with distribution layers of
stone.The water is absorbed faster by the soil, which is
favourable for the purification. The system is designed
for the Long Term Acceptance Rate (LTAR), so that the
expected lifetime of the installation is longer than 15–30
years which otherwise is normal.
Dimensioning
When dimensioning a percolation system in Sweden
you start with one household of 5 persons. This means
750 l/d of greywater or 1000 l/d of domestic wastewater, where greywater is domestic wastewater excluding
the toilet (WC). One IN-DRÄN module can be loaded
with 125 l of wastewater per day. For one household
with only greywater you need 6 modules and for domestic wastewater you need 8 modules.
Soil sample
Instead of taking soil samples for
sieving analysis, percolation test is
prefered. The test gives better information for dimensioning, especially
at poorer soil types, e.g. silt and clay.
The percolation test is easily done
with the help of our instructions. With
the results from the percolation test we
help you to select an appropriate construction.
Infiltration
Infiltration is nature’s own wastewater treatment process. It is often the most effective method for local wastewater purification.
A conventional percolation system consists of a septic
tank, a distribution chamber and distribution pipes in a
spreading layer of washed stones on the infiltration surface. The septic tank retains the particles in the domestic
wastewater and thereby protecting the infiltration surface from being mechanically clogged.
The septic tank must be desludged periodically to avoid
sludge escape.
The pollutants in the domestic wastewater are transformed and reduced by micro-organisms (bacteria) which
grow on the infiltration surface – the biological clogging layer. When air (oxygen) is present the reduction
10 m
15 m
1 m
1 m
2 m
1 m
To the left is an installation with IN-DRÄN in good moraine (excluding septic tank) and to the right is a conventional percolation
system in good moraine (excluding septic tank and distribution chamber).
of pathogens (micro-organisms that causes illness) is
also effective. If the infiltration surface is overloaded
by water or pollutants, the treatment is decreased and
the surface can clog completely and stop the water flow.
The ground beneath the infiltration surface acts like
a filter and polishing step where among other things
phosphorus will be adsorbed.
To enable percolation of water in the ground, the surface area of the infiltration must correspond to the soil
at the site. Well drained soils (gravel and sand) need a
small surface and fine grained soil (clay) needs a large
surface and also special design and installation technique.
In a conventional percolation system the spreading of
water over the infiltration surface is not good enough.
Because of that, clogging can occur causing a high water table on the infiltration surface resulting in poor
treatment and eventually a permanent clogging.
Infiltration with IN-DRÄN
IN-DRÄN replaces the distribution layer of washed stones and creates an about ten times larger surface for the
biological clogging layer to grow on. The design of the
IN-DRÄN module always gives the micro-organisms air
Checklist
Choose a suitable site for the installation.
Always consult your local authorities regarding the site for
the infiltration and how many test pits you should do and
where (at the infiltration and downstream), and if the
proposed infiltration system may be constructed.
Do a percolation test. Use our form* Make at least 3 holes
for reliable results.
even when a damming of water occurs. The pores of
the infiltration surface under the IN-DRÄN module are
not blocked, and at the same time they are protected
against clogging.
The distribution of water over the infiltration surface
is also more even which is good for the purification.
The total effect of the characteristics mentioned above
is that the infiltration surface can be decreased by a factor 2–5.
The IN-DRÄN modules are put in a row after each other
with a distribution pipe on top. The whole row is covered with a geotextile and the backfilling is done with
soil from the site.
Contrary to a conventional percolation system an installation with IN-DRÄN always has the same length regardless of the soil. Instead the width of the infiltration
surface varies from about 0,6 m in gravel or sand and up
to about 5 m in clay.
The costs for a complete installation of a conventional
percolation system varies a lot due to local conditions.
On the other hand, the costs for an IN-DRÄN installation
only has a small variation.
An IN-DRÄN installation can be made almost anywhere.
Take representative soil samples from each hole. Mark the
samples! Remember to note the depth of the soil samples.
Mark the holes positions on a property drawing.
If possible, describe the soil profile, the groundwater table’s depth, the slope of the ground, distance to wells for
portable water, bedrock, etc.
Send in the description, soil-samples and percolation test
results to FANN. This is used for dimensioning and
choosing the right system.
* The form is on our website, www.fann.se
Cesspools, chambers
and septic tanks
Low septic tanks and cesspools with easy inspection,
maintenance and desludging.
We use age resistant and stable structured polyethylene
plastic (which is recyclable) that enables us to make cost
effective products with high quality and low weight. The
tanks are easy to transport, handle and install.
With small modifications our tanks can among other
things be used as urine diversion tanks.
SA 2000
Septic tank
Domestic wastewater
Permit: 0898/97
SITAC 1422
SA 900
Septic tank
Greywater
Type approval: 0157
SWEDCERT 1355
Height
Length
Width
Wet volume
Weight
Manhole
Connections
Inlet
Depth of the water
Height
Length
Width
Wet volume
Weight
2 manholes
Connections
Inlet
Depth of the water
~1m
~3m
~ 1,2 m
~ 2 m3
~ 140 kg
~ Ø 0,6 m
110 mm
~ 0,8 m
~ 0,7 m
~ 0,85 m
~ 1,6 m
~ 1,2 m
~ 0,9 m3
~ 63 kg
~ Ø 0,6 m
110 mm
~ 0,7 m
~ 0,6 m
SA 3000ce Height
Length
1m
~ 3,5 m
Septic tank
Width
~ 1,2 m
Domestic wastewater
Wet volume
~ 3 m3
Weight
~180 kg
Manhole
~ Ø 0,6 m
Connections
110 mm
~ 1,1 m
Building certificate: 0728 Inlet
Depth of the water ~ 0,85 m
ST 3000L
Cesspool
Blackwater
Type approval: 0472
SWEDCERT 1355
Height
Length
Width
Wet volume
Weight
Manhole
Connections
Inlet
Accessories
1m
~ 3,5 m
~ 1,2 m
~ 3 m3
~ 180 kg
~ Ø 0,6 m
110 mm
~ 0,85 m
level alarm
ST 6000Lsa
Cesspool
Wet volume = 6m3
Typgodkännande, slamavskiljare
Uppfyller kraven enligt svensk standard SS 825620, 825625
och 825626
Uppfyller kraven enligt Sveriges Plastförbunds Verksnorm 1300
Tredjepartskontroll av Sveriges Provnings- och Forskningsinstitut AB
Extension shafts and lids that are shown in the images on this
page aren’t included with the tanks (but we have package solutions where they are included).
Complete package solutions
These are a few of our packages:
K84 8 IN-DRÄN, complete septic tank SA 2000,
distribution pipes and geotextile
B64
6 IN-DRÄN, complete septic tank SA 900,
distribution pipes and geotextile
B64ST4 6 IN-DRÄN, complete septic tank SA 900,
distribution pipes, geotextile and complete
cesspool ST 3000L including alarm.
Uppfyller EU:s grundläggande hälso-, miljö- och säkerhetskrav. Utfärdat av Boverket. EU 12566-1
Typgodkännande av bygg- och installationsprodukter.
Utfärdat av Swedcert, tredjepartskontroll av Sveriges
Provnings- och Forskningsinstitut AB.
Sveriges Provnings- och Forskningsinstituts eget certifieringsmärke. Betyder att produkten är granskad och kontrollerad enligt regler som finns för varje produktområde.
Märkning av typgodkända eller tillverkningskontrollerade
material, konstruktioner och anordningar enligt Boverkets
föreskrift BFS 1995:6, 14§.
More volume, same height
Plastic lid
Diameter
Weight
Ø 0,7 m
4 kg
Solutions for several households. By combining
septic tanks your system can be adapted to handle
larger amounts of domestic wastewater.
Type approval: 0698
SWEDCERT 1355
SA 4000ce
SA 3000ce + SA 900
Total wet volume = 4m3
Extension shafts and lids
Extension shafts for easy adjustment of cesspools, chambers
and septic tanks to ground level.
The plastic lid’s type approval means that it is approved in regards to child-safety. Our concrete lid is also approved in relation to our tanks.
Building certificate: 0729
Swedcert: 1355
SA 5000
• 4–20 extension shafts (0,5 – 3 m)
SA 3000ce + SA 2000
Total wet volume = ~ 5m3
• Plastic lid (4 kg) and concrete lid (40 kg)
SA 6000ce
SA 3000ce + SA 3000ce
Total wet volume = 6m3
Building certificate: 0730
Swedcert: 1355
Desluding periods
Chambers
Height
Weight
Diameter
Connections
1. Outlet chamber
2. Distribution chamber
two outlets (one adjustable)
1,3 m
ca 25 kg
Ø 0,7 m
110 mm
Recommended sizes of septic tanks for desludging
once a year.
5 persons (PE) = 1 household
Greywater = dishwashing, laundry and bathing
3. Pumping chamber
Domestic wastewater = Greywater + toilet waste
Domestic wastewater
Height (w/o legs) 0,4 m
Length
1,2 m
Width
0,8 m
Weight
25 kg
Delivered complete with
legs, sludge bags, pipes,
hose and connections.
Sludge dewaterer
Take care of the desludging yourself – simple and hygienic. The sludge dewaterer takes care of the sludge in a
ecologically adapted way.
More products
What you see here are only a small portion of our products. Visit our website www.fann.se for a complete selection. On our website you’ll also find thorough installation guides and all the information you’ll need.*
We have competent personnel that can answer your questions and help you with dimensioning and planning.
* Everything isn’t available in English at this time.
Septic tank
5 PE
8 PE
10 PE
12 PE
15 PE
SA 2000
SA 3000ce
SA 4000ce
SA 3000ce + SA 2000
SA 6000ce
In certain situations desludging might have to be done more frequent than once a year. Using a septic tank that is larger than recommended means that the interval between desludgings can be
extended. E.g. SA 3000ce for five persons means that the interval
could be two years and SA 4000ce for five persons means that
the interval could be five years (if the local authorities allow it).
Greywater
Septic tank
5 PE
10 PE
15 PE
20 PE
25 PE
SA 900
SA 2000
SA 3000ce
SA 4000ce
SA 3000ce + SA 2000
Using an SA 2000 for five persons means that the interval between desludgings could be extended to five years.
Buried sand filters
The purification in a buried sand filter works in roughly
the same way as a a normal infiltration, but the purified water is drained with an outlet pipe. When e.g. the
ground consist of thick clay it can’t drain the water by
itself and an outlet pipe has to be used. The outlet pipe is
led to a ditch or sometimes to a draining facility or other
suitable site.
A horizontal buried sand filter with IN-DRÄN is placed
on a rather large area to maximise the infiltration and get
a more secure purification. A buried sand filter is low in
height and it’s a good solution where the groundwater
runs high or if the distance to bedrock is a problem. In
these instances very little water will reach the outlet.
With IN-DRÄN the buried sand filter systems can be made
really compact. A vertical buried sand filter with IN-DRÄN
can be made to fit an area less than ⅓ of the size of a normal buried sand filter.
In some cases a watertight buried sand filter is the best
solution, e.g. if the only available site is close to a water
supply. To avoid any risk of contamination a watertight
canvas is placed in the bottom of the excavated hole and
the water is led to a safer site.When a watertight canvas is
used another ventilation pipe have to be placed in the infiltration beneath the IN-DRÄN modules to secure the oxygen supply. This is important because the canvas blocks
oxygen from the ground from entering the infiltration.
In areas that are sensitive to eutrophication the sand infiltration system can be amended with a phosphorous trap.
10 m
5m
5 m
5 m
Horizontal buried sand filters with IN-DRÄN. To the left the
modules are placed crossways and to the right straight across.
10 m
5m
1,5 m
1m
Vertical buried sand filters with IN-DRÄN. To the left the
modules are placed crossways and to the right straight across.
Phosphorous reduction
To meet the demands for phosphorous reduction (> 90 %)
in sites with higher protection value, sand infiltration systems should be complemented with extra phosphorous
reduction. We have two phosphorous filters that further
polishes wastewater coming from buried sand filters or
small scale sewage treatment works.
Infiltration’s normally meets the demands for higher protection values without extra phosphorous reduction.
ftm 904 is a compact tank with an adsorption filter for
passive phosphorous reduction, in accordance to the upward-flow principle, without extra desluding. The water
from the sand infiltration system is lead from the bottom
of the tank and upward through the filter mass to the
outlet pipe. This prevents a large height loss.
The phosphorous trap is filled with ~ 500 litres of filter mass (rich in calcium oxide and iron) for good
phosphorous separation. With decreasing phosphorous
reduction (normally 2–3 years) the mass is exchanged.
For larger systems, e.g. more than one household, we use a
downward-flow filter controlled with a pump (and larger
tank).The filter mass that is used for this is better suited for
changes between saturated and de-saturated conditions.
Kit FTM 3012 PBF
Height
Length
Phosphorous trap, FT 3000 Width
Filter mass
Wet volume
Extension shaft, FS 12
Weight
M-kit 1
Manhole
2 lids, plastic or concrete
Connections
Pumping chamber PBF
Depth of the water
1m
~ 3,5 m
~ 1,2 m
~ 3 m3
~ 180 kg*
~ Ø 0,6 m
110 mm
~ 0,85 m
* Weight calculated without filter mass.
We can also deliver the tanks without filter
mass. There are also smaller solutions as
well like the kit FTM 904.
Nitrogen reduction
Swedish requirements
In some areas nitrogen discharge can’t be accepted, this
means that local authorities won’t allow toilet facilities
(WC) to be connected to the sewage system. With our
system for nitrogen reduction, which is easy and reliable,
toilets can be allowed.
The system is based on that the wastewater is re-circulated
through a filter where ammonium nitrogen is transformed into nitrate. The re-circulated water is then brought
back to the septic tank where the nitrate is transformed
to nitrogen gas and emitted in the air.
The Swedish Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
have since august 2006 new requirements for small wastewater treatment systems (≤ 25 PE).
Dimensioning shall at least be done for domestic wastewater for one household equal to 5 PE with a specific
flow of 150-200 l / PE, d. For greywater the specific flow
is 100-150 l / PE, d.
There are two protection levels, normal and high.
Normal
High
1. Pipe from the house 2. Septic tank 3. Pumping chamber
BOD7 90%
90%
4. Nitrogen reduction bed 5. Gathering for re-circulation
tot-P
70%
90%
6. Gathering for further polishing 7. Outlet chamber
tot-N
-
50%
8. Bed for further polishing and infiltration
BOD7 = Biological oxygen demand, P = Phosphorus, N = Nitrogen
The requirements for normal protection level are always
met with IN-DRÄN infiltration systems. Buried sand filters with IN-DRÄN often have to be complemented with
extra phosphorous removal.
The high level protection demands a somewhat altered
process and/or complementary treatment steps. Depending on the local conditions we have several possible solutions. Contact our technical support.
Certified IN-DRÄN installers
The demands on the installer are today higher because
of the new requirements from the EPA. The treatment
systems must also have a clear documentation (including
pictures). as well as a maintenance journal where e.g. desluding is noted.
Our certifying course for installers gives an in-depth
knowledge of treatment processes and the skills to make
the documentation of the installation. To become a certified IN-DRÄN installer you have to pass a final written
test.
More information of the course is found on our website,
www.fann.se, where you also can sign up for the course.
The list of our certified installers can be found on our
website.
We are a knowledge company specialized on small scale
wastewater treatment with production of IN-DRÄN and high
quality polyethylene products. Our products are cost effective,
easy, strong, recyclable and have a long life-span. They are also
easy to transport, handle and install.
From out main office we handle sales, invoices, orders and technical support e.g. help with dimensioning system solutions.
We manufacture of our products in our own factories in Alunda,
roughly 35 km north-east of Uppsala, Sweden. To deliver the
best possible quality we build our machines and moulds ourselves, this also gives us great flexibility to develop new products and manufacture them in small series.
We always have our standard products in stock for immediate
delivery, and our special products can be delivered on short
notice.
More than our own products
Besides the products you can read about in this brochure we
also manufacture products for other companies. Those products are among other things kayaks, boats and bridge pontoons.
Complete solutions for one
household and larger systems
Wastewater treatment with IN-DRÄN®
The original since the 1980s – often copied, still unique
in-drän works in accordance with natures own wastewater treatment process.
Abundant supply of oxygen and a roughly ten times larger biological clogging layer
makes the infiltration more effective. An in-drän installation can be made almost
anywhere and requires ⅓ of the surface needed for a conventional infiltration.
Cesspools, chambers and
septic tanks made of polyethylene
Competent solutions with high quality products
We manufacture among other things low septic tanks and cesspools made of
rotomoulded polyethylene. Our polyethylene products are recyclable, durable
and with a long life-span. Secure deliveries from our own factories in Sweden.
Our department for technical support answers your questions about dimensioning, system solutions, process technique and much more. We have more
than 30 years experience of nature’s own treatment method – in a scientific way.
Sales are only made to wholesalers. Contact your entrepreneur or your nearest HVS-shop.
FANN VA-teknik AB, main office in Järfälla, Sweden
Telephone: +46 (0)8 - 761 02 21 Fax: +46 (0)8 - 761 46 70
E-mail: [email protected]
www.fann.se
Retailer:
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are registered trademarks of FANN VA-teknik AB. © 2007 FANN VA-teknik AB.