Children and Young People Summary

Transcription

Cheshire West and Chester Joint Strategic Needs Assessment
Cheshire West and Chester
Joint Strategic Needs Assessment
Children and Young People Summary
Updated August 2015 v2
Visit www.cheshirewestandchester.gov.uk/JSNA
[email protected]
Introduction
Joint Strategic Needs Assessment (JSNA)
The Cheshire West and Chester Joint Strategic Needs
Assessment (JSNA) is a suite of products that supports
understanding of the health and wellbeing within the
population so that the Council, NHS and other organisations,
can work together to improve the quality of life of local
people.
This summary report looks at available information about
multiple factors that impact on the health and wellbeing of
children and young people in Cheshire West and Chester.
Understanding the needs of local people is essential if we
are going to provide and commission suitable services that
really make a difference.
Some sections in the summary refer to indicators used within the
Public Health Outcomes Framework (PHOF) or the NHS
Outcomes Framework (NHSOF). These are notated within the
title.
Detailed data for some of the issues discussed in this summary
are available within other ISNA products available online
www.cheshirewestandchester.gov.uk/JSNA
In particular:
• Children’s centre dashboards
• Locality dashboards
• Census profiles
The Children’s JSNA has taken the format of a ‘summary on
a page’ to tell a story of a topic. This brings together
analysis, evidence and recommendations to help identify
and address key issues.
It is intended that JSNA products will be updated and refined
as new information and intelligence is developed and made
available. Work will continue to identify and collate
information that helps understand the needs of children and
young people in Cheshire West and Chester.
Contact: [email protected]
Authored collaboratively by partners of the Cheshire West
and Chester Children’s Trust and compiled by the Strategic
Intelligence Team, part of the Cheshire West and Chester
Public Health Team.
www.cheshirewestandchester.gov.uk/JSNA
Contents
Population Summary ………………………………………………………………………………………..…………………………………..
Health and wellbeing
Children in poverty ……………………………………………………………………………………………….………………
Breastfeeding prevalence ……………………………………………………………………………………….………………
Excess weight in four to five year olds …………………………………………………………………………………….…..
Excess weight in 10 to 11 year olds ……………………………………………………………………………………………
Hospital admissions caused by unintentional and deliberate injuries in children …………………………………………
Hospital admissions caused by unintentional and deliberate injuries in young people aged 15 to 24 …………………
Emergency admissions for children with lower respiratory tract infections ……………………………………………….
Unplanned hospitalisation for asthma, diabetes and epilepsy in under 19s ………………………………………………
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and young people aged under 25 …………………………………………………
Conceptions in women aged under 18 ………………………………………………………………………………………..
Achievement and wellbeing
School readiness ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
Narrowing the gap in educational achievement: Key stage two ……………………………………………………………
Narrowing the gap in educational achievement: Five GCSEs A* to C or equivalent including English and Maths ….
School attendance ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Special Educational Needs (SEN) …………………………………………………………………………………………….
Young people not in education, employment or training (NEET) ……………………………………………………….….
Early Support
Children’s centres ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Team around the family ………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
Children and families complex cases (level three) ………………………………………………………………………….
Troubled families ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
Children with acute needs (level four)
Children in need …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Children on Child Protection Plans ……………………………………………………………………………………………
Children in care …… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Children in care: Demand ………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Children in care: Placements …………………………………………………………………………………………………..
Health needs of children in care ……………………………………………………………………………………………….
Adoption ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Domestic abuse affecting children and young people ………………………………………………………………………
Young people age 13 to 19 years healthy relationships and disclosure of domestic abuse …………………….……..
Child sexual exploitation ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Young people’s issues …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Visit www.cheshirewestandchester.gov.uk/JSNA or contact Strategic Intelligence [email protected]
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Population summary (Part one)
Population aged under 25 (2013)
30%
30.5%
28.3%
30.3%
29.5%
35,000
28.9%
24.9%
25%
Number aged under 25
Percentage of Population
35%
Number
30,000
25,000
20%
20,000
15%
15,000
10%
10,000
5%
5,000
0%
England
Cheshire
West and
Chester
Ellesmere
Port
Source: ONS Mid Year Population Estimates 2013
Rural
Chester
Neighbourhood Localities
Northwich
and
Winsford
0
An estimated 93,800 children and
young people aged under 25 live
in Cheshire West and Chester
accounting for 28.3% of the total
population. In comparison, under
25s make up 30.5% of the overall
England population.
Of the four localities in Cheshire
West and Chester, Northwich and
Winsford has the highest number
of under 25s (n=29,100) followed
by Chester (n=24,500). Ellesmere
Port locality has the smallest
number of children and young
people aged under 25
(n=17,800). As a percentage of
the total population, Chester
locality has the highest proportion
of younger people with (30.3%) of
residents aged under 25. This is
influenced largely by the student
population in the Garden Quarter
and surrounding areas of the
University of Chester. In Rural
locality just 25%, or one in four of
the population are aged under 25.
The number of children aged 0
to14 was 54,300 in 2012, and is
forecast to increase by 8% to
58,700 by 2022. Most of this
increase is forecast to be in
children aged 5 to 11. At locality
level Northwich and Winsford
locality is forecast to see the
greatest increase (1,700 children
or an increase of 9% between
2012 and 2022). All localities are
forecast to see an increase in the
0 to14 population.
Proportion of total population aged under 25 in 2013
England
Cheshire West
and Chester
18,300
0%
18,400
5%
17,700
10%
00-04
19,600
15%
05-09
20%
10-14
19,800
25%
15-19
30%
35%
20-24
Source: ONS Mid Year Population Estimates 2013
Further data are available in our locality dashboard and children’s centre dashboards
1
Population Summary (Part two)
majority (67%) of children and young people
living in the area covered by Cherry Grove
children’s centre live in areas considered
amongst the 20% least deprived in England.
0%
20%
Q1
Q2
40%
Q3
19,000
Q4
60%
Q5
30,600
80%
100%
Source: Department for Communities, ONS Mid Year Estimates 2013
Further data are available in our locality and children’s centre dashboards
England
75%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
2%
0%
5%
2%
White: White:
British Other
5%
10%
0%
2%
Mixed
Asian
5%
Black
0%1%
Other
ethnic
group
Source: 2011 Census
Lone parent households with dependent
children
24%
23%
25%
28%
23%
Rural
17%
Chester
30%
25%
20%
15%
10%
5%
0%
Northwich &
Winsford
13,600
80%
Ellesmere Port
12,900
Cheshire West &
Chester
England
94%
90%
% of households with dependent
children
The 2011 Census also showed there were
9,000 lone parent households in Cheshire
West and Chester with dependent children
aged 0 to18. This was 23% of all households
with dependent children, and was lower than
the national average of 24%. The highest rate
was in Ellesmere Port locality (28%) and the
lowest in Rural locality (17%). At ward level
the rates ranged from 44% in Grange
(Ellesmere Port) to 10% in Kingsley (Rural).
Population aged under 25 living in areas of deprivation
(IMD2010 national quintiles)
17,600
100%
Analysis of the 2011 Census shows that 94%
of our children and young people were
classified as White British. This was higher
than the England average of 75%. The
remaining 6%, or 5,700 out of the borough’s
93,800 children and young people, who are
not ‘White British’ were from other minority
ethnic backgrounds. This includes Asian,
Black, mixed race and White Other (which can
include Irish, Gypsy or Irish traveller).
Compared to England as a whole, Cheshire
West and Chester has a lower proportion of
children and young people living in more
deprived areas. Analysis of children’s centre
populations however shows local variation.
Portside children’s centre covers areas where
100% of under 25s live in areas considered to
be amongst the 40% most deprived in
England. The proportion is 92% in Blacon and
83% in Winsford Over. In contrast, the
Cheshire West
and Chester
Ethnicity of under 25s
England
Locally we have found that there is a distinct
difference in health experience between
residents living in areas considered to be
amongst the 40% most deprived in England
and the rest of the Cheshire West and
Chester population. The life expectancy for
babies born in our more deprived areas is
significantly lower than the rest of the
population. Around one in three (33%) of our
children and young people live in our more
deprived areas (IMD 2010 national quintiles
one and two). This is higher than for the
overall population, of which 29% live in our
more deprived areas.
Localities
Source: 2011 Census
2
PHOF 1.01ii - Children in poverty (under 16s) Percentage of under 16sin low income families (children living in
families in receipt of out of work benefits or tax credits where their reported income is less than 60% median income)
Proportion of children in poverty (under 16 years) 2011
30
25
20
NHS West Cheshire
Evidence of what works
NHS Vale Royal
Worst LA
Best LA
40
35
Localities
Chester
Northwich and Winsford
45
Ellesmere Port
Marmot concludes that giving a child the best start in life is crucial to
reducing inequalities across the life course. What happens in these
early years, whilst the foundations of human development are being
laid down has lifelong effects on many aspects of health and wellbeing.
To have an impact on inequalities there is a need to address the social
gradient in children’s access to positive early experiences and even
greater priority must be given to ensuring expenditure early in the
developmental life cycle that is on children below the age of five years.
15
10
5
0
English Local Authorities with local geographic areas
Source: HM Revenue and Customs (Personal Tax Credits: Related Statistics - Child Poverty Statistics) Localities as at May-13
Cheshire West and Chester has lower
rates of children living in poverty
compared to England and sits in the
second best quartile of ranked Local
Authorities in England.
Year on year trends have shown
Cheshire West and Chester child
poverty rates have risen slightly from
15.8% in 2006 to 16.3% in 2011, this
goes against the national and regional
trends which show a slight decline.
Locally there is some variation
amongst localities with higher rates
of child poverty in Ellesmere Port
locality (21.1%) and lower rates in
the Rural locality (8.3%). Vale Royal
CCG has higher rates of child poverty
compared to West Cheshire CCG.
Though Cheshire West and Chester
experiences relatively low child
poverty compared to England, at a
very local level some small areas
record rates in excess of 40%.
Recommended actions
• Ensure expenditure on early years development (physical, emotional
and intellectual) is focussed progressively across the social gradient.
• Prioritise pre and post natal interventions that reduce the adverse
outcomes of pregnancy and infancy.
• Ensure those with children in the first year of life are able to maximise
their income to support healthy living.
• Provide routine support to parents through parenting programmes and
implement programmes for the transition to school.
• Provide good quality early years education and childcare
proportionately across the social gradient.
Cheshire West and Chester, Children in 'poverty' (under 16s), 6 year
trend
England
30
% of Children in poverty
Rural
Proportion of children in poverty (Under 16
years)
50
North West
25
20
15
10
5
0
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Source: HM Revenues and Customs, Proportion of children living in families in receipt of CTC whose reported income is less
than 60 per cent of the median income or in receipt of IS or (Income-Based) JSA.
Rationale: Child poverty is an important issue for public health. The Marmot Review (2010) suggests there is evidence that childhood poverty
leads to premature mortality and poor health outcomes for adults. Reducing the numbers of children who experience poverty should improve
these adult health outcomes and increase healthy life expectancy. (Public Health England)
3
PHOF 2.02 - Breastfeeding prevalence
100%
90%
Percentage of children breastfeeding at six to eight
weeks 2013/14 Cheshire West and Chester
Best LA
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
The 2013/14 prevalence data for
Cheshire West and Chester has not been
published in the Public Health Outcomes
Framework as it did not meet NHS
England validation rules, however it is
included here in order to support local
understanding.
30%
20%
10%
0%
Source: Department of Health
English Local Authorities
NICE guidance Maternal and Child Nutrition recommends a multifaceted
approach to:
•Raise awareness of, and how to overcome the barriers to breastfeeding.
•Provide high quality and sufficiently skilled breastfeeding peer support
programmes.
•Joint working between health professionals and peer supporters.
•Provide education and information for pregnant women.
This is underpinned by the support for the adoption and implementation of
UNICEF Baby Friendly Initiative (BFI) as the best evidence base to raise
breastfeeding prevalence.
Recommended actions
Work towards increasing breastfeeding rates through actions outlined in
the Infant Feeding Strategy:
•Carry out targeted work in areas of low breastfeeding initiation and
continuation.
•Work towards achieving community and hospital full BFI status.
•Provide breastfeeding peer support in hospital and community settings.
•Continue to ensure the equitable provision of breastfeeding support
groups across Cheshire West and Chester.
Breastfeeding rates in Cheshire
West and Chester are
significantly worse than the
England average and have
been falling. During 2013/14 the
proportion of mothers initiating
breastfeeding at birth was
65.3% compared to the England
rate of 73.9%.
At six to eight weeks the
proportion of babies being
breastfed fell to 35.1%, also
significantly lower than the
national average of 45.9%.
In very crude proportions this
means that around a third of
mothers do not initiate
breastfeeding at all, a third will
give up by six to eight weeks
and around one third of babies
are still being breastfed at six to
eight weeks.
80%
60%
We don’t have a complete
picture at the locality or
children's centre level, but
information from 2011/12
suggests that breastfeeding
rates are lower in Vale Royal
CCG compared to West
Cheshire CCG. Within West
Cheshire CCG, Ellesmere Port
and Neston has the lowest
breastfeeding rates.
Breastfeeding benefits both
mother and child. Breast fed
babies have less risk of;
developing chest and ear
infections, diarrhoea and
vomiting, eczema; becoming
obese, and developing diabetes
later in life. For mothers
breastfeeding reduces the risk
of breast and ovarian cancer.
Breastfeeding initiation and at six to eight
weeks
69%
68%
68%
65%
37%
41%
39%
35%
2010/11
2011/12
2012/13
2013/14
40%
20%
0%
Initiation England
6-8 Weeks England
Initiation Cheshire West and Chester
6-8 Weeks Cheshire West and Chester
Rationale: Increases in breastfeeding are expected to reduce illness in young children, have health benefits for the infant and the mother and
result in cost savings to the NHS through reduced hospital admission for the treatment of infection in infants. Current national and international
guidance recommends exclusive breastfeeding for newborns and for the first six months of infancy. (Public Health England)
4
PHOF 2.6i - Excess weight in four to five year olds Percentage of four to five year olds classified as
overweight or obese
Excess weight in children aged four to five - 2012/13
35%
Percentage of Children
30%
West Cheshire CCG
Vale Royal CCG
Worst LA
25%
Best LA
20%
15%
10%
5%
0%
Preventing and managing overweight and obesity are complex
problems with no easy answers. NICE clinical guideline 43 offers
practical recommendations based on evidence including:
• Adopt a population approach with specific action for individuals.
• Children and young people should eat regular meals including
breakfast.
• Encourage active play – dancing and skipping.
• Make activity part of family life - walking to school, cycling to shops
• Reduce sedentary activities – such as watching television.
• Tailored intervention for those children and young people with BMI
at or above 91st centile.
English Local Authorities with local geographical areas
Source: National Obesity Observatory, Local NCMP Data
Recommended actions
1. Ensure a range of opportunities for children and young people to
take part in formal and informal active play.
2. Ensure whole workforce are skilled and competent at raising and
discussing healthy weight.
3. Utilise change4life brand and campaign material to encourage
Almost 98% of our eligible children
families to eat less and move more.
participated in the national child
measurement programme for
Since 2007/08 the proportion of four to 4. Promote healthy food choices particularly around nutrition,
2012/13, a higher uptake rate than the five year olds who are overweight or
weaning and breastfeeding.
national average. Results show that
obese in Cheshire West and Chester
with a proportion of 24% of children
has increased by five percentage
Excess weight in children aged 4-5 years - Trend
overweight or obese, Cheshire West
points compared to a relatively stable
30%
and Chester has a significantly higher national position. Excess weight has
prevalence than the England average. increased faster in our less deprived
25%
The proportion of children considered areas compared to our more deprived
20%
obese (8.9%) is similar to England
areas.
(9.3%) with a significantly higher
15%
Nationally, boys experience a higher
proportion of overweight children
prevalence of excess weight than girls
10%
(15.1% compared to 13%).
and this pattern is reflected locally but
5%
Differences between Vale Royal CCG only by a small margin. Compared to
the other girls in England, a
and West Cheshire CCG are not
0%
significantly higher proportion of our
significant. There are differences
2007/08 2008/09 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13
across the authority however, with our girls are overweight or obese.
NHS West Cheshire CCG
NHS Vale Royal CCG
England
more deprived areas having a
Rationale: Excess weight (overweight and obesity) in children often leads to excess weight in adults, and this is recognised as a major
determinant of premature mortality and avoidable ill health.
5
significantly higher proportion of
children with excess weight than our
less deprived areas. Differences are
also evident when looking at children
centre areas that range from 15% to
33% of four to five year olds with
excess weight.
In 2012/13 just under one quarter of
Cheshire West and Chester children
in their school reception year were an
unhealthy weight. Nine per cent of
children in the age group were obese.
PHOF 2.6ii - Excess weight in 10 to 11 year olds Percentage of 10 to 11 year olds classified as overweight
or obese
Excess weight in children aged 10 to 11 - 2012/13
50%
West Cheshire CCG
Vale Royal CCG
Worst LA
40%
Best LA
30%
20%
10%
0%
Preventing and managing overweight and obesity are complex
problems with no easy answers. NICE clinical guideline 43 offers
practical recommendations based on evidence including:
• Take a population approach with specific action for individuals.
• Children and young people should eat regular meals including
breakfast.
• Make activity part of family life - walking to school, cycling to
shops.
• Reduce sedentary activities – such as watching television and
playing computer games.
• Tailored intervention for those children and young people with
BMI at or above 91st centile.
Source: National Obesity Observatory, Local NCMP Data
In 2012/13 just under one third of
Cheshire West and Chester children in
their final year at junior school were an
unhealthy weight. Almost 18% of
children in this age group were obese.
In Cheshire West and Chester, levels of
obesity double between the reception
year and final year of junior school.
between CCGs are not significantly
different.
There are however significant
differences in levels of excess weight
for children in our more deprived areas.
With levels of excess weight at 37% for
10 to 11 year old children living in our
more deprived areas, the proportion is
significantly higher than in our less
deprived areas (28%).
Recommended actions
1. Enable children and young people to build physical activity into
daily life, e.g. walking or cycling to school.
2. Ensure there are a range of opportunities to minimise sedentary
behaviour e.g. regular times to take part in formal or informal
sport and activity.
3. Ensure children and young people have access to regular
healthy meals, particularly breakfast.
4. Increase children and young people’s understanding of long
term impacts of lifestyle decisions.
Over 95% of our eligible children took
Excess weight in children aged 10 to 11 years part in the annual national child
Trend
measurement programme, a higher
Nationally, boys have a significantly
40%
uptake than the national average.
higher prevalence of excess weight
Recording 31% of children as either
30%
compared to girls and in previous years
overweight or obese, Cheshire West
this has been reflected in Cheshire
20%
and Chester was significantly lower
West and Chester. In 2012/13 there
than the England average. This is the
10%
was no gender difference locally as
first time levels of excess weight in our
31% of both boys and girls had excess
year six children have been lower than
0%
weight. There was a five percentage
the England average since 2008/09.
2007/08 2008/09 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13
point fall in excess weight for 10 to 11
There have been improvements for
year old boys between 2011/12 and
Cheshire West and Chester NHS West Cheshire CCG
both CCGs but most notably for West
2012/13.
NHS Vale Royal CCG
England
Cheshire CCG where the excess weight
fell
below
Vale
Royal
CCG.
Rates
Rationale: Excess weight (overweight and obesity) in children often leads to excess weight in adults, and this is recognised as a major
determinant of premature mortality and avoidable ill health.
6
PHOF 2.7 Hospital admissions caused by unintentional and deliberate injuries in children
Unintentional & deliberate injuries - aged 0-14 - 2013/14
LA Localities
Chester
150
NHS Vale Royal CCG
NICE identifies that approaches to preventing unintentional injuries are broad
ranging, covering education, environmental modifications and regulation and
legislation. The World Health Organisation argues that legislation has the
greatest impact as a preventative measure.
Rural
200
Ellesmere Port
Crude Rate per per 10,000
250
Most effective strategies use a combination of approaches and experience in
European countries shows that positive leadership and a concerted effort can
reduce the injuries.
100
Recommended actions
50
0
England local authorities compared with local geographical areas
Source: Hospital Episode Statistics
In 2013/14, there were 678 emergency
hospital admissions for an injury
among Cheshire West and Chester
children under the age of 15. Per head
of population in this age group, and for
children aged under five years, the
admission rate is significantly higher
than the England average. The
majority (84%) of injuries were
unintentional.
and were most commonly head
injuries, either superficial or nonspecific, caused by a fall. Accidental
poisoning accounted for 12% of
admissions in under fives and 4%
were for injuries caused by transport
accidents.
• Demonstrate the duty to promote children's safety by incorporating
unintentional injury prevention in local strategic plans.
• Identify or establish a forum with senior leadership support to plan, coordinate,
action and monitor injury prevention activities (at home on the road and
outdoor) across partners.
• Ensure whole children's workforce have skills knowledge and competency to
inform educate and support parents on injury prevention at home, on the road
and outdoors
• Prioritising houses at greatest risk, provide home safety assessments; supply
and install home safety equipment together with education and advice.
Inner circle 0-4 Cause of injury admission 0-4 and 5-14 year olds 2013/14
In the five to 14 year olds fewer
injuries occur in the home (28%) whilst Outer circle 5-14
14% occur in school. The largest
3%
proportion of injuries are still caused
Admission rates have fallen since
Transport accidents
14%
by falls, resulting in both head injuries
2011/12, most notably in Chester
and fractured limbs, but the proportion
locality, however Ellesmere Port
Accidental poisoning
caused by transport accidents
remained significantly higher than the
25%
8% 4%
5%
12%
England average. Children in our more increases to 14%. Most transport
Assault
2%
accident admissions are pedal cyclists
deprived communities continued to
have significantly higher rates of injury (71%), half traffic related, half not. In
Falls
admission compared to children in our this age group 12% of injury
37%
admissions are due to intentional self
less deprived areas in 2013/14.
Intentional self harm
harm.
39%
The type of injury and the place where
12%
Other causes of accidental
Cheshire West and Chester would
it occurs differs by age group. Of the
678 admissions in 2013/14, 46% were need to have around 68 less
injury incl. undetermined intent
39%
children aged under five years. In this admissions a year to have a lower
Other / no cause given
admission rate than the 2013/14
young age group, over half of the
England average.
injuries occurred in the home (52%)
Rationale: Injuries are a leading cause of hospitalisation and represent a major cause of premature mortality for children and young people. They
are also a source of long-term health issues, including mental health problems related to experience(s) of injury. (Public Health England)
7
PHOF 2.7 Hospital admissions caused by unintentional and deliberate injuries in young people
Unintentional & deliberate injuries - aged 15-24 - 2013/14
300
250
200
150
LA Localities
Rural
350
Chester
400
NHS Vale Royal CCG
Ellesmere Port
Crude Rate per per 10,000
100
50
0
England local authorities compared with local geographical areas
Source: Hospital Episode Statistics
In 2013/14, there were 500
emergency hospital admissions
for an injury among Cheshire
West and Chester young people
aged between 15 and 24. Per
head of population in this age
group the admission rate is lower
than the England average, but not
significantly so. None of our
localities or CCGs appear
significantly different to the
England average.
West and Chester.
A large proportion (41%) of injury
admissions in young people were
for a deliberate injury, most
commonly self harm by poisoning.
Overall, intentional self harm
accounted for 34% of admissions
(n=169) in 15-24 year olds during
2013/14 and 91% of these were
for poisoning.
In this age group 18% of injuries
occurred in the home with the
Our more deprived communities
majority occurring elsewhere. The
however do have a different
majority (70%) of the 54
experience of injury related
admissions caused by transport
admissions. Young people living
accidents were traffic related
in our more deprived areas had a
largely involving car occupants,
significantly higher admission rate
motorcyclists and pedal cyclists, a
for unintentional and deliberate
smaller proportion were
injures in 2013/14 than their peers
pedestrians.
living in other areas of Cheshire
Regarding self-harm, NICE have highlighted gaps in the underpinning
evidence around effectiveness of staff training, the value of risk scales,
psychological therapies and psychosocial interventions and harm-reduction
strategies. For children and young people, NICE recommend a full
assessment of the person's family, social situation, and child protection
issues where appropriate.
In general, particularly for adults, it is generally accepted that acts of selfharm should be taken as evidence of suicidal intent until proven otherwise.
Recommended actions
• Identify or establish a forum with senior leadership support to plan,
coordinate, action and monitor injury prevention activities (at home on
the road and outdoor) across partners.
• Children and young people who self-harm should receive treatment from
within the Child and Adolescent Mental Health services (CAMHS).
Access to services should be based on clinical need.
• A multi-agency approach should be adopted to ensure all perspectives
of the young person’s life are considered when young people (who selfharm) are referred under local safeguarding procedures.
• All professionals should work collaboratively to minimise any potential
adverse impact when transferring to adult services.
Cause of injury admission in 15-24 year olds 2013/14
(n=501)
Transport
Other / no
accidents
cause given
11%
8%
Accidental
Other causes
of accidental
injury incl.
undetermined
intent
22%
poisoning
6%
Assault
7%
Falls
12%
Intentional
self harm
34%
Rationale: Injuries are a leading cause of hospitalisation and represent a major cause of premature mortality for children and young people. They
are also a source of long-term health issues, including mental health problems related to experience(s) of injury. (Public Health England (PHE)) 8
500
400
Chester
Rural
600
Emergency hospital admissions for children (aged under
19) with lower respiratory tract infections (2013/14)
Northwich
& Winsford
700
Ellesmere Port
DSR per 100,000 resident population
NHSOF 3.2 Emergency admissions for children with lower respiratory tract infections
300
200
100
0
Localities
NHS Vale Royal CCG
Bronchiolitis is the most common disease of the
lower respiratory tract during the first two years of
life. Usually caused by respiratory synctial virus
(RSV), cases are generally mild but can be severe
and follow a seasonal pattern (peaking during the
winter). Although death is rare, a small proportion of
cases will need to be admitted to hospital.
The majority of children can be managed at home
under the direction of the GP. Only the severe cases
(as assessed by the GP) will need to go to hospital.
Source: Hospital Episode Statistics, ONS Mid Year Population Estimates
In 2013/14 there were 281 emergency
hospital admissions for children aged
under 19 with lower respiratory tract
infections in Cheshire West and Chester.
As a rate per head of population,
Cheshire West and Chester had a
significantly higher admission rate than
the England average. Rates for both
Vale Royal and West Cheshire CCGs
were also significantly higher than
England. Within Cheshire West and
Cheshire there is local variation but no
significant differences between localities
or CCGs.
Children living in our more deprived
areas have a higher rate of admission
than their peers in other areas of
Cheshire West and Chester but rates in
these areas decreased between 2012/13
and 2013/14 compared to an increase in
our less deprived areas. Differences are
not statistically significant.
Ellesmere Port locality and Northwich
and Winsford locality have significantly
higher rates than England and are
comparable with the worst 25% of local
authorities nationally, the lowest rates
locally are in the Rural locality.
Over 90% of children admitted were
aged under five. This is a similar age
profile to England.
The majority (85%) of admissions had a
primary diagnosis of bronchitis, the rest
were for pneumonia, there were no
admissions for influenza.
Recommended actions
NICE are publishing guidance on the diagnosis and
management of bronchiolitis in children in May 2015.
Treatment is generally supportive and can be
managed by parents or carers with the GP being
used to identify the severe cases (as characterised
by respiratory distress , lethargy, poor feeding or
reduced oxygen saturation.)
There is some evidence that cold, damp or mouldy
housing exacerbates respiratory illnesses in children.
It is not unreasonable to suggest that housing
refurbishment and fuel poverty reduction schemes be
targeted to those areas with affected children.
Rationale: Lower respiratory tract infections in children should not in general require hospital care. This indicator is a proxy for looking at how
effectively the NHS is managing this condition. (Health and Social Care Information Centre (HSCIC), 2014)
9
NHSOF 2.3ii Unplanned hospitalisation for asthma, diabetes and epilepsy in under 19s
500
400
300
For diabetes, current NICE guidance suggests appropriate patient
education, dietary advice, psychological support and management of
complications. This guidance is currently under review (expected
publication - August 2015).
Rural
600
Recommended actions
For asthma, NICE make a number of recommendations on treatment in
its quality standard. These include : an annual structured review,
objective measurements of severity, specialist review and GP follow up
after admissions for acute exacerbations.
Chester
700
Ellesmere Port
800
Northwich
& Winsford
DSR per 100,000 resident
population
Diabetes, epilepsy and asthma admissions - 2013/14
200
For epilepsy, the NICE guideline key priorities include having the initial
diagnosis by a specialist, a comprehensive care plan, an annual (at
least) review by a specialist and prompt referral to a tertiary service if
the diagnosis is uncertain or uncontrolled epilepsy.
100
0
English local authorities with local geographical areas
NHS Vale Royal CCG
Localities
Source: NHS Indicator Portal, Hospital Episode Stations, ONS Mid Year Population Estimates
Locally, the highest rate was in
Northwich and Winsford (436 per
100,000), significantly higher than the
England average. Our more deprived
areas have rates that are 25% higher
than in our less deprived areas
however the rates are not
significantly different.
Cheshire CCG, and in 2013/14 the
rate for Vale Royal CCG was 50%
higher than West Cheshire CCG, a
significant difference. For Cheshire
West and Chester, as a whole, there
have been increases in recent years.
However, over the longer term there
were 50 less admissions for asthma
in 2013/14 than in 2008/09, a 26%
reduction.
Asthma accounts for the largest
proportion (56%) of these
admissions, followed by epilepsy
(26%) and the remainder due to
diabetes (18%). Admissions for
asthma and epilepsy are more
common in the children aged under
10 while diabetes admissions tend to
occur in older children, only 5% of 0-4
admissions in this cohort were for
diabetes.
Around one in 11 children are known to have asthma. In general, it
has been estimated that a large proportion of asthma-related
emergency department attendances and even deaths could have
been prevented by early interventions.
Most children with diabetes are type one (insulin dependent). Clearly,
the quality of their ongoing care is paramount to prevent
complications, morbidity and resultant NHS activity for this life time
condition. However, NICE have noted that fewer than 20% of children
receive the basic care as recommended in their guidelines.
There are many different types and presentations of epilepsy. The
diagnosis is easily confused and sometimes completely wrong.
Obtaining a correct diagnosis (and thus treatment) is important as the
disease can have a wide-ranging impact on the child’s health and
lifestyle.
Asthma, epilepsy and diabetes admission trend,
DSR per 100,000
In 2013/14 there were 241
admissions to hospital for children in
Cheshire West and Chester due to
asthma, diabetes or epilepsy.
Cheshire West and Chester is in the
worst 50% of local authorities for
emergency admissions related to
these conditions.
400
Asthma
Admission rates have fluctuated
Epilepsy
200
locally and trends differ between the
Diabetes
two CCGs. Over time, Vale Royal
CCG has generally experienced
0
2008/09 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13 2013/14
higher admission rates than West
RATIONALE: This outcome is concerned with how successfully the NHS manages the conditions through looking at unnecessary hospital admissions.
Nationally, asthma, diabetes and epilepsy account for 94% of emergency admissions for children (under 19) with long term conditions. (HSCIC, 2014)10
Sexually transmitted Infections (STIs) and young people aged under 25
4000
STI prevalence (per 100,000) young people compared
to Cheshire West and Chester, 2012
3,800
3000
2,272
2000
1000
584
64
0
Under 15
15 to 19
20 to 24
All CWAC
Rateof STIs per 100,000
Source: Public Health England, 2013
The most common sexually transmitted
infections (STIs) diagnosed in Cheshire
West and Chester are Chlamydia and
Genital Warts. Except for Gonorrhoea,
the number of diagnosed cases of most
STIs has fallen and rates of infection
are lower than those for the North West
and England.
Young people in England, under the
age of 25, continue to be
disproportionately affected by STIs
accounting for 64% of all Chlamydia,
54% of Genital Warts, 55% of
Gonorrhoea and 43% of Herpes
infections in 2012. In Cheshire West
and Chester (2012), the 20-24 age
band have the highest overall
prevalence of acute STIs (3,800 per
100,000 population) with the 15-19 age
band having the second highest
prevalence (2,272 per 100,000
population).
A number of factors have been
identified which can lead to increased
risk of acquiring STIs:
• Unprotected sex
• Frequent change of and/or multiple
sexual partners
• Alcohol or substance misuse
leading to ‘risky’ sexual behaviour
(unsafe and regretted sex).
Amongst young people aged 15 to 19
prevalence in females is over three
times the prevalence in males.
Public Health England recommends
that local areas should be achieving a
rate of 2,300 Chlamydia diagnoses per
100,000 15 to 24 year old resident
population annually. A total of 10,580
Chlamydia tests were reported to the
National Chlamydia Screening
Programme in Cheshire West and
Chester in 2012, of which 809 (7.6%)
were positive. The crude rate of
Chlamydia diagnoses in Cheshire
West and Chester was 2,045 per
100,000 young adults aged 15 to 24
years, a similar rate to the England
average of 1,979 per 100,000 young
adults but less than the recommended
rate.
The Government has set out its ambitions for improving sexual
health in its publication ‘A Framework for Sexual Health
Improvement in England’ (2013). This recognised that while
individuals’ needs may vary, there are certain core needs:
• Preventative interventions that build personal resilience and selfesteem and promote healthy choices.
• Access to accurate and timely information that helps people to
make informed decisions about relationships, sex and sexual
health.
• Rapid access to confidential, integrated health services, in a
range of settings, accessible at convenient times.
• Early accurate and effective diagnosis and treatment of sexually
transmitted infections (STIs), including HIV, combined with the
notification of partners who may be at risk.
Recommended actions
•
•
•
•
•
Chlamydia screening - Further targeted roll out of the national
programme is crucial to achieve the diagnostic target of 2.3%
positivity in 15 to 24 year olds
Community focused STI screening services - Access to STI
screening in communities is an important focus of service
development. It is vital to encourage and develop opportunities to
ensure this continues, for example, GP new patient screening
Prevention - The ability for young people to make positive
lifestyle changes and minimise risk as a result of health promotion
interventions. This includes the provision of information and
advice, promotion of key sexual health messages, educational
and awareness sessions, distribution of safer sex materials and
outreach work.
Young people’s sexual health services ; additional services
require development, linked to those young people who are at
risk, or deemed hard to reach, as they do not access mainstream
services. Services need to be ‘You’re Welcome’ accredited within
nine months of establishment
Sexual health is patterned by socioeconomic inequalities, with
those from deprived areas and men who sleep with men being
those most at risk of negative outcomes.
Rationale: Sexual health is an important part of physical and mental health. Essential elements of good sexual health are equitable relationships,
and sexual fulfilment with access to information and services to avoid the risk of unintended pregnancy, illness and disease (Public Health
England, 2013).
11
PHOF 2.04 Conceptions in women aged under 18 Crude rate per 1,000 females aged 15 to 17
30
Rural
40
Localities
Chester
50
Northwich
and Winsford
60
Ellesmere
Port
Rate per 1,000 women aged
15-17
Under 18 Conceptions (2010-12)
20
10
0
English local authorities and local geographical areas
Source: ONS © Crown Copyright, ONS Mid Year Population Estimates
Note: Whisker lines on locality data show 95% confidence intervals, based on an equal distribution of the
total number of supressed conceptions across wards.
During the three years 2010 to 2012 there
were 516 conceptions amongst women
aged under 18 in Cheshire West and
Chester. This equates to a rate of 30.3 per
1,000 women aged 15 to 17, similar to the
England rate of 30.9 per 1,000. Half (49%)
of the pregnancies ended in abortion.
There are significant local disparities in
the rate of under 18 conception. Both
Chester and Rural localities are lower
than the England average (Rural
significantly so). The lowest rates of under
18 conception can be found in our less
deprived areas. Three wards (Davenham
and Moulton, Handbridge Park and Tarvin
and Kelsall) all had rates significantly
lower than the England average.
Ellesmere Port locality had the highest
rate within Cheshire West and Chester.
The rate of 41 per 1,000 (n=133) made it
the only locality that was significantly
higher than the England average.
Between 2009-11 and 2010-12 rates fell
in England and in all Cheshire West and
Chester localities except Ellesmere Port
where the rate increased slightly.
Eight electoral wards in Cheshire West
and Chester were significantly higher than
the England average. The highest was
Rossmore in Ellesmere Port with a rate of
118.0 per 1,000 (n=19).
The under 16 conception rate was 6.1
conceptions per 1,000 females aged 13 to
15 in 2010-2012. This is an increase from
2009-2011 (5.8 per 1,000) but is lower
than the England rate of 6.3 per 1,000.
The Government has set out its ambitions for improving sexual
health in its publication ‘A Framework for Sexual Health
Improvement in England’ (2013). This recognised that while
individuals’ needs may vary, there are certain core needs:
• Preventative interventions that build personal resilience and
self-esteem and promote healthy choices.
• Access to accurate and timely information that helps people
to make informed decisions about relationships, sex and
sexual health.
• Rapid access to confidential, integrated health services, in a
range of settings, accessible at convenient times.
Recommended actions
Young people are a high risk group in terms of poor sexual
health putting them at risk of unintended pregnancy.
Recommended actions include:
• Prevention - The ability for young people and adults to make
positive lifestyle changes and minimise risk as a result of
health promotion interventions. This includes the provision
of information and advice, promotion of key sexual health
messages, educational and awareness sessions,
distribution of safer sex materials and outreach work.
• Young people’s sexual health services - Additional services
require development linked to those young people who are
at risk or deemed hard to reach as they do not access
mainstream services. Services need to be ‘You’re Welcome’
accredited within nine months of establishment.
• Provision of Long Acting Reversible Contraception (LARC) Promotion and uptake of LARC will require improvement
particularly around the audit of LARC removals.
• Sexual health is patterned by socioeconomic inequalities,
with those from deprived areas often being those most at
risk of negative outcomes, such as sexually transmitted
infections and unwanted pregnancies.
Rationale: Most teenage pregnancies are unplanned and around half end in an abortion. As well as it being an avoidable experience for the young
woman, abortions represent an avoidable cost to the NHS. And while for some young women having a child when young can represent a positive
turning point in their lives, for many bringing up a child is difficult and often results in poor outcomes for both the teenage parent and the child, in terms
of ;the baby’s health, the mother’s emotional health and well-being, and the likelihood of both the parent and child living in long-term poverty. (PHE) 12
School readiness
School readiness is defined by Ofsted as having a firm grounding in a range of skills including
communication. In Cheshire West and Chester, by the end of reception year, 61% of children
achieved a good level of development (2013/14). This is similar to the England average of 60%.
2012/13 data show that by the end of reception year, 52.4% of children achieved a good level of
development, similar to the England average of 51.7%. However, the percentage of children with
free school meal status achieving a good level was 31%, this is significantly worse than the England
rate of 36.2% (2012/13) (data for 2013/14 is currently unavailable).
.
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
Ofsted examples of good practice:
•
•
Percentage of children achieving a good level of
development at the end of reception (2012/13)
51.8%
52.4%
36.2%
•
31.0%
•
England
Cheshire
West and
Chester
All children
England
Cheshire
West and
Chester
Children eligible for free
Source: Public Health England, 2013
school meals
The proportion of children receiving free school meals and considered ready for school was 21.4
percentage points lower than the average percentage considered ready for school in Cheshire West
and Chester, in 2012/13.
School readiness is also measured by the ability of the child to meet the expected level in a phonics
screening check. The check consists of 40 words and non-words that the child will be asked to read.
In Cheshire West and Chester, 74% of year one pupils achieved the expected level in the phonics
screening check which is the same as the England average (2013/14). The percentage of children
with free school meal status who achieved the expected level in the phonics screening check was
56%. This is significantly worse than the England average of 61%.
School readiness
% of children receiving a good level of
development (2012/13)
% of year one pupils achieving the expected
level in the phonics screening check (2013/14)
England
Pupils eligible
All pupils for free school
meals
51.70%
36.20%
74%
61%
Pupils eligible
All pupils for free school
meals
52.40%
74%
74
31%
56%
•
Providers who forge strong partnerships with parents
and carers to develop the home learning environment,
help improve the child’s progress.
Vulnerable children need the best provision, but
quality is often weakest in areas of highest
deprivation. Providers who have quickly identified
children at risk and supported parents through the
transition period helps to reverse this trend
Specific programmes of support and intervention to
develop speaking, listening and communication skills,
led by speech and language therapists.
Staff speaking clearly, and understanding the
importance of giving opportunities for children to
speak, in sentences, to ask questions, and engage in
role-play.
Schools working with children’s centres to ensure
gains made by disadvantaged children, in early years
settings, are not set back over the summer holidays.
Recommended actions
Ofsted recommend:
•
•
•
•
•
Multi-agency working to engage vulnerable parents
and target support where it is most needed.
Providers working closely with parents and carers
through the transition period, to increase parental
understanding of what is expected in terms of school
readiness and provide information and guidance on
how best to get their child ready.
Discrete adult-directed teaching sessions to small
groups of children.
Use of Pupil Premium funding to ensure the early
identification and specialist support for children.
Timely and accurate assessment of a child's baseline
starting point.
Rationale: Gaps in achievement between the poorest children and their counterparts are clearly established by the age of five. There are strong
associations between a child’s social background and their readiness for school on entry into year one. A number of children who start school
13
behind their peers will never catch up (Ofsted).
Narrowing the gap in educational achievement Key stage two
Percentage of children living in care at key stage two achieving
level four or above in reading, writing and maths (2013)
88%
83%
82%
Percentage of key stage two pupils achieving level four or above in
reading, writing and maths (2013)
Pupils whose first language is not English
100%
68%
All other pupils
80%
77%
60%
Pupils eligible for free school meals
53%
53%
54%
40%
All other pupils
81%
40%
20%
Pupils with SEN statements
18%
Pupils with SEN but no statement
0%
36%
All other pupils
Source: Department of Education, 2013
88%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Children All other
in care: pupils:
Reading Reading
Children All other
in care: pupils:
Writing Writing
Children All other
in care: pupils:
Maths Maths
Key stage two typically relates to pupils in schools at age 11. In Cheshire West
Pupils whose first language is other than English have an 11 percentage
and Chester, children and young people facing disadvantage perform
point gap to their peers in achieving level four in reading, writing and
significantly worse than their peers.
maths.
The percentage of pupils achieving level four or above at key stage two who
In Cheshire West and Chester, there is also a consistent gap in
are eligible for free school meals (FSM) is 27 percentage points lower than
attainment between boys and girls. For maths the gap is small at one
their peers not eligible for free school meals. The percentage gap has
percentage point. The gap is largest for writing at nine percentage
increased between 2012 and 2013 although has decreased since 2011.
points.
Percentage of boys and girls at key stage two achieving
For children in care, achieving level four or above, the percentage point gap
level four or above in reading, writing and maths (2013)
ranges from 48 percentage points for writing, to 29 percentage points for
maths. The percentage gaps have reduced between 2012 and 2013.
Pupils with special educational needs (SEN) have the greatest gaps in
attainment to their peers. The percentage of pupils with statements of SEN
achieving level four or above is 70 percentage points lower than their peers,
for those without statements the gap is 52 percentage points.
Reading
Writing
Maths
30%
48%
29%
Free school
meals
17%
24%
19%
SEN with
statement
58%
71%
67%
85%
86%
Boys:
Maths
Girls:
Maths
86%
91%
80%
89%
80%
60%
40%
Percentage gap in attainment with peers
Children in
care
100%
SEN no
statement
29%
51%
33%
20%
0%
Boys: Girls:
Reading Reading
Boys: Girls:
Writing Writing
Rationale: Children from poorer families are at risk of becoming poor adults unless the attainment gap with their peers is closed. Those who
grow up in poverty, are less likely to be able to afford educational activities and resources, have parents who are more stressed and less well14
placed to help them with school work, and are more likely to leave school early and without a qualification (Joseph Rowntree Foundation).
Narrowing the gap in educational achievement
Pupils achieving five GCSE's A* to C or equivalent including
english and maths (2013)
All pupils
63%
Girls
Boys
68%
59%
Pupils whose first language is English
Pupils whose first language is not English
63%
56%
Pupils not eligible for free school meals
Pupils eligible for free school meals
67%
31%
Pupils with no identified SEN
Pupils with SEN no statement
Pupils with SEN statement
72%
29%
12%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
Ofsted reports:
• Poverty can lead to poor health and poor academic progress. A
joined-up approach to tackling child poverty is crucial.
• Providing support for children and families whose first language is
not English is vital. Few attainment differences between ethnic
groups remain at age five and none remain at age seven once this
is considered.
• A positive home learning environment can help counter the effects
of poverty on children’s learning and parents should be supported.
• Attending a pre-school has a positive impact on development,
particularly for those from poorer backgrounds .
• High quality early years provision has a positive impact on the
cognitive and social development of young children that impacts
on later learning.
100% • All looked after children need a Personal Education Plan of high
quality and the effective use of Personal Education Allowances.
In Cheshire West and Chester, 63% of pupils achieved five or more GCSEs
grades A* to C or equivalent including english and maths. This is significantly
higher than the national average of 60.8%.
However, across the Borough gaps in attainment exist, often for those who are
most disadvantaged. There is a 36.2 percentage point difference, between
young people eligible for free school meals and their peers. The attainment
gap is greatest for pupils with a statement of special educational needs at 60.2
percentage points.
Differences in attainment exist between Cheshire West and Chester localities.
In the Rural locality, 73.2% of pupils achieved five GCSEs A* to C including
English and Maths compared to 53.2% in Ellesmere Port locality. All localities
have a higher percentage of pupils achieving in 2012/13 than 2011/12.
Percent achieved
five GCSE's grade
A* to C including
English and Math's
Recommended actions
•
•
•
•
•
•
Locality
Chester
Ellesmere Port
Northwich and
Winsford
Rural
2012/13
61.8%
53.2%
61.4%
73.2%
2011/12
57.8%
49.9%
60.2%
69.1%
•
•
•
•
Ensure every school has data to understand their attainment gap.
Primary heads to share good practice, peer challenge and support
newly formed networks to work together to narrow the gap.
Education Improvement Partnerships to discuss narrowing the
gap, identify innovative practice and share this with the local
authority.
Senior officers from Ofsted to attend meetings of Primary and
Secondary heads to share good practice that have led to
successful narrowing of the gap.
Secondary heads to engage in a review process where external
coaches do a two day review of schools.
Training for head teachers and governors about how best to use
the Pupil Premium.
Identify, monitor and challenge schools with the greatest gaps.
Continue to deliver narrowing the gap conferences.
Implement an improved target setting system
A number of schools to carry out action research about how to
use feedback effectively and help to narrow the gap.
Rationale: Although some do well, in comparison to their peers, children in care, those from poorer backgrounds, children who’s first language is
not English and those with special educational needs have lower educational outcomes. This can impact on future life choices and opportunities
(Ofsted).
15
School attendance
2011/12
Cheshire West
and Chester
England
2012/13
Primary –
Secondary Percentage of
Percentage of
sessions missed sessions missed
4.2
6.1
4.4
5.9
Primary Secondary Percentage of
Percentage of
sessions missed sessions missed
Total
percent
Persistant
absence (15% or
more absence)
5.1
5.2
5.1
5.2
Persistant
absence (15% or
more absence)
Total
Cheshire West
and Chester
4.6
6.1
5.3
4.9
England
4.7
5.8
4.9
4.6
Cheshire West and Chester saw an increase in the percentage of pupils who
were absent from 2011/12 (5.1% of sessions missed) to 2012/13 (5.3% of
sessions missed). This is higher than the England average of 4.85% of
sessions missed. The change is due to an increase of pupil absence at
primary school which increased from 4.2% of sessions missed to 4.6% of
sessions missed. Whole year data is not yet available for 2013/14. However,
data for the autumn/spring term 2013/14 indicates a significant reduction in
pupil absence from autumn/spring term 2012/13 from 5.6% of sessions missed
to 4.32% of sessions missed.
Persistent absence is a 15% absence or more for the year. Persistent pupil
absence decreased in Cheshire West and Chester from 5.2% in 2011/12 to
4.9% in 2012/13. However, it is above the England average of 4.6% absences.
Absence in Cheshire West and Chester schools
Number of schools
Education welfare works with schools, pupils, and their parents/carers to
improve school attendance. Education Welfare Officers hold regular liaison
meetings with attendance leads in schools, in which individual pupils
attendance is reviewed and where pupils with attendance concerns are
identified and actions are agreed. Welfare Officers support schools in their
policies and strategies to address absence. Cases that fail to improve are
considered for referral to Education Welfare. Following referral, Welfare
Officers liaise between the family and school and assist the pupil in their
return to regular attendance at school, often working with other agencies via
Team Around the Family, Children in Need or Child Protection Plans.
Green –Attendance
above 95%
Amber – Attendance
93%-95%
Red – Attendance
below 93%
In 2012/13 there were 20 court parental prosecutions for a
child's regular absence from school.
There has been an increase in the number of schools
successfully improving pupil absence between Summer term
2013 and Summer term 2014.
Employers of young people, from age 13 to the end of
compulsory school, are required to have youth employment
licences the for young people they employ. For 2013/14
Employment licences were issued for 214 children and 1768
children were licensed to perform in entertainment.
• Education Welfare Officers based in each locality to work
with schools, pupils and their parents/carers to improve
school attendance.
• Education Welfare Officers holding regular liaison meetings
with attendance leads in schools.
• A multi-agency approach to identify needs and agree an
action plan.
Rationale: Education welfare works with schools, pupils and their parents/carers to improve school attendance. Regular absences from school
can affect future attainment levels, general well being, increase the chances of being involved in anti-social behaviour and being NEET.
16
Special Educational Needs (SEN)
In Cheshire West and Chester, the greatest numbers of children with SEN
statements were due to Autistic Spectrum Disorder, cognition and learning
and behavioural, emotional and social difficulties. There has been an
increase in the number of pupils with SEN statements in Cheshire West and
Chester for those with cognition and learning difficulties, speech and
1580
language difficulties, Autistic Spectrum Disorders and behaviour, social and
emotional difficulties.
Number of pupils with statements of SEN in all
schools (Cheshire West and Chester)
1700
1650
1680
1600
1529
1538
1550
1513
1500
From 1 September 2014 there will be no new statements of SEN and current
statements will be transferred to Education, Health and Care plans.
1450
1400
Cheshire West and Chester statement population by SEN
(Summer 2014)
Autistic
Spectrum
Disorder
Children with special educational needs have a statement of
Cognition and learning
SEN if the Local Authority decides the child’s needs cannot be
Behaviour, emotional and social difficulty
256
met within the classroom using the resources typically available
Speech, language and communication
227
within the school.
Severe learning difficulty
135
Physical
disability
107
Up to the 31 August 2014, Cheshire West and Chester
Medical
45
undertook statutory assessments of a child’s Special Educational
Profound
and
multiple
learning
difficulty
27
Needs (SEN). At 31 August 2014 there were 1,450 children and
Specific learning difficulty
26
young people aged two to 19 years with statements of SEN in
Hearing impairment
22
schools and early years’ provision in Cheshire West and
Visual impairment
13
Chester. The percentage of Cheshire West and Chester pupils
Multi-sensory impairment
7
Jan-10
Jan-11
Jan-12
Jan-13
Jan-14
with SEN statements is 3%, slightly higher than the national
average of 2.8%.
The number of assessments resulting in a statement of SEN has
been increasing each year. In 2013-14, there were 155
statements of SEN issued. The academic year of 2014 showed a
14% drop in statements of SEN (this drop in numbers may be
due to changes in national funding arrangements for SEN
introduced in April 2013).
334
315
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
Number of children and young people with statements
Recommended actions
• Ensure data is shared to inform commissioning of services for education,
health and care provision.
•Setup more detailed data collection, showing therapy services in the
statutory plan to ensure block contracts meet need.
•Ensure workforce has the skills, knowledge and competency to inform
statutory assessments, detail appropriate outcomes for children and young
people and monitor progress.
•Ensure data is used to inform provision development in line with the council
vision to educate Cheshire West and Chester young people close to home.
The number of pupils with special educational needs without a
statement has been decreasing. At January 2014, 6,625 pupils
(13%) had special educational needs without a statement
compared to 7,215 pupils (14.1%) in January 2013.
Rationale: Children and young people with special educational needs (SEN) have learning difficulties or disabilities that make it harder for them to learn
than most children and young people of the same age. Types of SEN are very varied and those with SEN may need extra help because of their type of
need. Those who have a statement of SEN are ensured to get the right support and have their needs identified through their schooling.
17
Special Educational Needs (SEN)
93
10
Pupils
educated
out of
Borough in
independent
or non
maintained
schools
23
1
80
13
2
0
126
59
8
38
1
2
3
2
1
0
18
0
0
4
2
0
50
0
12
5
193
582
3
51
School attendance of children with Special Educational Needs
Attend special schools
786
Attend Resourced Provision Primary
Nature of primary need
75
Attend Resourced Provision Secondary
Pupils
educated in
Borough
13
Independent non-maintained special schools
60
Attend other authority mainstream school
36
Attend other authroity Resourced Provision
9
Attend other authority special schools
22
Electively home educated
9
0
200
400
600
800
The majority of children with special educational needs attend their local
school and will receive the additional support they need. Approximately 80
children attend maintained mainstream schools with additional resources
and staff called Resourced Provisions. Currently in 2014, Cheshire West
and Chester has nine to 10 primary schools and one secondary school with
Resourced Provision.
Cheshire West and Chester has ten special schools in the Borough, all
judged to be good or outstanding by Ofsted. Some of the schools have
large numbers of children attending who live in Cheshire East. A number of
children attend independent and non-maintained special schools (INMSS),
reasons for attending include specialist care placements for looked after
children, very specialist educational needs such as full sensory provision, or
insufficient places available in the borough to meet specific needs.
The number of places is commissioned by the local authority for maintained
schools and the Education Funding Agency (EFA) for academies.
Specialist provision is funded on a place plus system with every agreed
funded place commissioned at a rate of £10k (the place cost) and an
additional amount to meet individual pupils needs (the top up place cost).
In 2013, Cheshire West and Chester completed a review of its special
education provision which resulted in additional provision being built and a
new secondary resourced provision.
Autism
Medical
Behaviour, social and emotional
difficulties
Hearing impairment
Dyslexia
Severe learning difficulties
Moderate learning difficulties
Multi-sensory impairment
Physical difficulties
Profound and multiple learning
difficulties
Specific learning difficulties
Speech, language and
communication difficulties
Visual impairment
Total
Total CWAC pupils
Pupils
educated
out of
Borough in
other LA
maintained
schools
Non-CWaC
pupils
educated in
Borough
5
51
4
18
15
9
5
0
0
23
48
5
49
1
38
0
207
207
Recommended actions
• Ensure that information about changes to provision are
shared across all services to ensure specialist support and
therapies are in place to meet changes in provision needs.
•Ensure all workforce are aware of the type of needs
supported by each school, and the place commissioning
process.
•Ensure that the workforce is aware of the transport policy for
SEN.
•Ensure that all workforce use the Local Offer to setup
services and support and signpost parents.
•Place data is used to monitor and develop provision and
ensure best value for money within allocated budget.
Rationale: Many children with SEN require extra support at one time or another during their school career. Most will attend their local school with
their needs being me from existing resources. However, a small number will need extra help throughout their school career.
18
Young People not in education, employment or training (NEET)
In 2013, 4.1% of Cheshire West and
Chester’s 16 to 18 year old cohort
were NEET equating to 450 young
people. This is a decrease from
4.5% in 2012 and lower than the
England average of 5.7%
(percentages are based on the
national measurement of NEET
which is the average percent across
the three months of November,
December and January).
Of the 46 wards in Cheshire West
and Chester, 33 are at, or lower than,
the NEET percentage for the entire
authority (4.1%). Grange and
Rossmore wards in Ellesmere Port
locality, Elton in Rural locality and
Lache in Chester locality all currently
have a NEET percentage more than
double that of the Local Authority.
The use of a risk identification tool
may have contributed to a reduction
in the percentage of NEET year 11
There are concentrations of NEETs
in certain parts of Cheshire West and leavers in 2013 to 2.1% from 2.4% in
Source: Department for Education, 2013
2012.
Chester, particularly in Ellesmere
Port.
Recommended Actions
The Children and Young People Critical Issue recommends:
Factors that contribute to a young person becoming NEET include
• Continued development of the ‘Risk of NEET’ indicator tool and its roll
disadvantage, poor educational attainment and educational disaffection.
out to schools.
Evidence suggests the following approaches can have an impact:
• Identify gaps in provision taking into account available courses and
• Development and use of a ‘Risk of NEET’ tool to identify young
locality areas. Ensure provision meets interests and aspirations of
people in school year 11 to undertake preventative work to ensure
our learners and fills the skills gap.
they make a successful transition into post 16 participation.
• Identify the requirements of employers in response to trends in
• NEET case conferencing with opportunity providers helps match
employment. Take into account projected skills gaps and
young people to activities and aims to prevent young people moving
employment shortage areas/localities using LMI data. All education
from one provision to another without a clear progression route.
providers need to be working closely with businesses to understand
• The Apprenticeship Hub across Cheshire and Warrington is able to
the qualities, skills and attitudes, besides qualifications, that young
promote apprenticeships across the borough and encourage local
people need to be successful in the workplace.
businesses to take on apprentices. Currently there are over 800
•
Develop clear and coherent progression routes for those age 14-19.
apprentices in Cheshire West and Warrington.
• Intensive, tailored support for the most vulnerable NEET young
• The joining up and closer working with other services including
people who may not be ready for traditional further education or
Midwives, Youth Offending Team, Education Welfare, Family
apprenticeship schemes. For example teenage parents often require
Advocates, Social Care and Family Support Workers. This has
up to date information and knowledge about benefits, housing advice
helped reduce the number of NEET young people and increased the
and support.
support NEET young people receive.
Rationale: Young people who are disengaged at aged 16-17 and are not in education, employment or training (NEET) are more at risk as adults
to be unemployed or on a low income, develop poor mental health such as depression and live in poverty. The individuals are also at greater risk
of experiencing intergenerational poverty: suffering from low aspirations and poor life chances which they in turn can pass on to their own
children. (Public Health England)
19
Children's Centres (Part one)
There are currently 20 Children’s Centres located across Cheshire West and Chester. Children’s Centres across the borough had 79% of their cohort
registered and 59% accessing services provided by, or delivered through Children’s Centres (including early years providers, children’s social care
services and both universal and targeted health partners) between 1 April 2013 and 31 March 2014. This is an increase from the previous two years
(2011/12- 38.5%, 2012/13- 42.5%).
Each Children’s Centre footprint is broken down into Super Output Areas (SOA) (small areas) which are ranked by the Indices of Multiple Deprivation
(IMD). Within the borough there are 48 SOA’s which fall in the top 30% most deprived SOAs in the country, housing some of the Borough’s most
vulnerable families. There are 5255 children aged 0 to four living in these deprived SOAs across the borough. Statutory guidance requires Children’s
Centres to focus resources on these areas. As part of the Children’s Centre inspection process Ofsted inspectors must ‘judge whether the centre(s)
have identified the specific needs of families living in the footprint area, and how well the centre and its partners have addressed the needs of the
family and enable them to improve their lives. In addition, inspectors must judge if a centre has ‘an appropriate balance of services including those
offered to all families, known as universal services, and targeted provision’. As of 31 March 2014, Children’s Centres across the borough had 89% of
these 5255 children registered and 74.8% had accessed a service provided by or delivered through a Children’s Centre or its partners between 1 April
2013 and 31 March 2014. Similar to overall reach this is an increase compared to previous years (2012/13- 48.2% and 2011/12- 47.7%).
Data shows that some footprints have very low levels of reach and
registration, demonstrating the needs of children and families with
multiple and complex needs in these footprints are being met from
other mainstream sources. Areas such as Hartford, Cherry Grove and
Malpas, Farndon and Tarvin Children’s Centres have no super output
areas in the Top 30% IMD and this is reflected in their overall reach
being between 45% and 65% for 2013/14. Whereas Centres such as
Blacon, Portside and Stanlow Abbey who have more IMDs in the top
SOAs have an overall higher reach between 77%-79%.
In addition, in 2014 Children’s Centres within Cheshire West and
Chester have three key priorities to focus their resources on:
• Children receiving two year funded nursery entitlement.
• Children under five being managed as part of a acute level four
social care plan.
• Children living in families who have been discussed at Multi Agency
Referral Action Conferences (MARAC) due to domestic abuse.
Data collection and base-lining for these groups is still in its infancy.
Children’s centres also carry out team around the family assessments.
Of all assessments undertaken 21% were carried out by Early Years
Children's Centres.
Rationale: Children’s Centres have a core purpose to serve the needs of the 18,318 children (aged 0 to four years, 2012 census estimates) their
families and pregnant women. They have a statutory duty to provide a service delivery hub for early education, family support and child and
family health services. They also target need to those living in the most deprived areas.
20
Children's Centres (Part two)
Challenges
• Developing an understanding of performance data within the Children’s Centre teams. The introduction of the Performance and Support
team in April 2014 to support Integrated Early Support (IES) Managers and their Children’s Centre teams in having a greater
understanding of their centres performance. They will also offer challenge and scrutiny of Children’s Centre data via the introduction of
monthly performance targets.
• Developing partner agencies understanding of the importance of data sharing, not only for the use by Children’s Centres but also to their
home organisations performance.
• Ensuring all children’s workforce including health and social care partners, routinely register families with Children’s Centre provision and
actively support families to access services, particularly families who are hard to reach.
• Maintaining the appropriate balance of services to ensure that the Children’s Centre nine months to five years offer isn’t lost within the
broader 0 to19 agenda of Integrated Early Support.
• Full engagement of the team around the family assessment.
• The timeliness of data collecting and inputting due to the range of organisations delivering services.
Recommended actions
• There is a need for improved data sharing with partners for an increased understanding of the importance of partnership working within
Children’s Centres. Birth data is imperative to this.
• Explore the potential for increasing the quota of DCLG funding allocated to Children’s Centres to enable a more robust delivery model for
targeted early years service provision in order to meet the core offer of school readiness.
• Develop a joint working approach and a single recording process to track the development of children through early years from two year
health visiting assessments, early years entitlement tracking and foundation stage profile data. To ensure there is a single system to track
children’s progress and measure outcomes.
• Develop a joined up strategy and delivery model to address childhood obesity and breastfeeding by implementing a shared approach
across all partners with data sharing and evidence based programmes.
• Robust approach to ensuring partner organisations understand their role in data collection.
• Continued training and support to the roll out of the performance management element of Integrated Early Support.
• Identify and implement a suitable new Children’s Centre data base in order to support data collection and provide more accurate
performance reporting for Children’s Centres.
Rationale: Children’s Centres have a crucial role to play in ensuring that early support is provided to children and families via the Healthy Child
Programme. Getting this right can affect the child’s physical and mental health and wellbeing, their readiness to learn, and their ability to thrive
later in life.
21
Team around the Family (TAF)
The Team Around the Family (TAF) is the Cheshire West and
Chester approach to conducting an early assessment of a family’s
additional needs and deciding how those needs are best met by
Early Support Services through a robust multi agency plan.
TAF focuses on interventions primarily at levels two and three of the
continuum of need. All practitioners working with children across
the borough are encouraged to initiate a TAF (completing a TAF
form) where there are concerns which meet level two and three on
the continuum of need. This reduces the demand on level four
services and ensures the delivery of a more effective early support
service to children and their families.
Continuum of Need
Over the past two years since TAF was launched, over 1500
practitioners have attended TAF multi agency workshops.
Number of TAFs completed in year (2011/12
called Common Assessment Framework (CAFs))
2011/12
2012/13
2013/14
646
881
(+36%)
932
(+5%)
Since TAF was introduced in 2012 over 450 children have been stepped down by
social care to receive level two or three intervention through TAF.
At point of closing TAFs there has been a steady increase in the number closed
where all the child’s needs have been met or where there is no need for multi
agency involvement. In 2013/14, 480 TAFs (53% of all TAFs closed in the period)
were closures as a result of all needs being met. This is an increase of 60 TAFs
compared to 2012/13.
Challenges
• The development of the eTAF system ensures that all assessments and plans
conducted within the Integrated Early Support Service (IES) are reviewed and
authorised by Integrated Early Support Managers. For agencies outside of
IES this is still a challenge. However, as the eTAF system develops and more
outside agencies are trained in accessing and using the system this will
become less of a challenge.
• There is a rolling programme of case file audits, within which a TAF will be
audited as part of the process. This, it is hoped will identify training gaps. A
package of training for practitioners, along with support from the locality TAF
cluster groups will continue in to the future.
• Over the past three years, encouraging partners to come on board with the
TAF process has been a challenge. Headline data shows this is progressing.
• Receiving feedback from families and ensuring the individual’s voice is heard
through all assessments has been a challenge.
Recommended actions
Since the introduction of TAF in early 2012 there has been a steady
•
Gaining
feedback
is
now
a target for all TAF assessments and plans to
increase in the number of TAF assessments completed. Data from
ensure
that
the
family’s
voice
(both children and adults) is heard throughout
TAFs opened in 2013/14 shows that a 932 TAFs were opened from
the
TAF
process
and
on
closure.
Appropriate feedback forms have been
19 different agencies across Cheshire West and Chester with Primary
developed
to
support
this
process.
Education and Integrated Early Support initiating the most TAFs.
• Continue to provide a package of support for practitioners through TAF
Level four acute services have been encouraged to consider a
workshops and TAF cluster groups.
transfer to a TAF plan when stepping families down.
Rationale: TAF improves multi agency consultation and the sharing of information, ensures action plans are clear and coordinated, and that a lead person is
agreed. It prevents the need for children and/or families to repeat their information, or undergo repetitive assessments and reduces duplication of help and/or
conflicting advice being given. Practitioners are better placed, along with the child and the family, to agree action plans coordinated through TAF meetings
22
Children and families complex cases (Level three)
Cheshire West and Chester Council’s Early Support Access Team (ESAT) is
a multi-agency team providing practitioners with a first point of contact for
complex level three cases. Around 400 individuals per month (over 120
cases) are supported or provided with a service each month by ESAT.
The police are the main source of contacts to ESAT (a trend reflected
nationally) followed by schools and children’s services.
Domestic abuse remains the main feature of concern of contacts to ESAT,
making up nearly half of the total number of cases processed. The majority of
open cases with domestic abuse as the main concern were in Northwich and
Winsford locality and Chester locality. Abuse or neglect is the most common
primary need at first assessment nationally.
NUMBER OF NEW CONTACTS
RECEIVED BY ESAT (2014)
ESAT (individuals)
ESAT (children)
•
Having a multi-agency front door (ESAT) as a single point of
contact has resulted in a reduction of people’s problems
escalating to crisis point (to Children in Need (CIN) cases at
Level four statutory/ acute), an increase in families identified for
the targeted Troubled Families programme, and practitioners
have reported the efficiency of the system allowing for better
decision making.
•
Ensure the Early Support Access Team is able to easily
identify families at the first point of contact.
Continue to achieve sustained outcomes for families in the
existing programme and become an early adopter of the
expanded troubled families programme 2015-2020.
To work with the Department of Work and Pensions and Job
Centre to improve the employability of troubled families with a
focus on making them job ready.
Explore potential work around producing detailed information
on troubled families in terms of health and links to employment.
800
700
600
483
500
Recommended actions
400
243
300
•
200
•
SEPT
AUG
JULY
JUNE
APR
MAY
MAR
FEB
JAN
0
DEC
100
•
Rationale: Families with complex needs experience significant disadvantage, including poor outcomes and life chances, often across
generations. They are at risk of further polarisation and a disconnection from social and economic engagement. They can also disrupt quality of
23
life for others in their neighbourhood and place expensive demands on public services.
Troubled families
Troubled families are defined as those where parents are; out of work, children are not in school, and family members are involved in anti-social behaviour and
crime. These families often face a range of other problems, such as poor physical and mental health, domestic violence and substance misuse. Nationally,
children from troubled families are eight times more likely to be suspended or excluded from school than other children, and ten times more likely to be in trouble
with the police.
In Cheshire West and Chester, the troubled families programme was launched in 2012 and is a multi-agency whole family intervention programme for families
who meet three of four of the following criteria:
• Are involved in youth crime or anti-social behaviour (ASB)
• Have children who are regularly truanting or not in school
• Have an adult on out of work benefits
• Cause high costs to the taxpayer/ under local authority discretion
Of 529 families initially identified to take part in the programme, 197 resided in
Northwich/Winsford locality, 157 in Ellesmere Port locality, 149 in Chester locality
and 26 in Rural locality. The cohort showed a correlation between troubled
families and concentrations of deprivation, with clusters of troubled families residing
in the 30% most deprived small areas nationally. Prevalent wards in Northwich/
Winsford locality included Witton and Rudheath, Winnington and Castle, Winsford
Swanlow and Dene, Winsford Wharton and Davenham and Moulton; in Ellesmere
Port locality Ellesmere Port Town, Grange Rossmore and St Paul’s; in Chester
locality Blacon, Lache and Newton. Children and young people in the cohort
achieved significantly lower outcomes in education at key stage one and two than
their peers in reading, writing and maths.
There are currently 541 families, 2,010 individuals, engaged in the troubled families
programme. Of these families, 95% (512) meet the criteria of worklessness, 56% (302) youth crime/ASB, 52% (279) education criteria and 74% (399) meet
other local criteria. As of August 2014, 63% of families had been successfully 'turned around'.
Focus on the troubled families programme:
• The success of the troubled families programme in Cheshire West and Chester
and nationally demonstrates the effectiveness of multi-agency targeted family
intervention. Locally a greater number of families are being turned around than
projected (August 2014 projected 60 actual 111).
• From May 2014, the Early Support Access Team began to make referrals to the
troubled families programme. This resulted in a greater number of families
engaged and a 20% increase in outcomes being achieved highlighting the
importance of referral at the first point of contact.
• Outcomes in employment and supporting people back into work are below those
expected highlighting the difficulty of getting complex families job ready.
Recommended actions
•
•
•
•
Ensure the Early Support Access team is able to easily identify
families at the first point of contact.
Continue to achieve sustained outcomes for families in the
existing programme and become an early adopter of the
expanded troubled families programme 2015-2020.
To work with the Department of Work and Pensions and Job
Centre to improve the employability of troubled families with a
focus on making them job ready.
Explore potential work around producing detailed information on
troubled families, in terms of health and links to employment.
Rationale: Families with complex needs experience significant disadvantage including; poor outcomes and life chances often across generations.
They are at risk of further polarisation and a disconnection from social and economic engagement. They can also disrupt quality of life for others
in their neighbourhoods and place expensive demands on public services.
24
Children in need
Numbers of children in need at 31 March 2013 by primary need at
initial assessment
N1 Abuse or neglect
1,047
Child's disability or illness
236
Parent's disability or illness
14
Family in acute stress
186
N5 Family dysfunction
408
N6 Socially unacceptable behaviour
19
N9 Cases other than children in need
0
N0 Not stated
Source: Department for Education, 2013
15
0
At 31 March 2013, there were 1,939 children in need in Cheshire West and Chester. This is a rate of 293.90
per 10,000 (2013), an increase from the 2012 rate of 270 per 10,000.
Since 2013, Children in need referrals to Children’s Social Care showed a decline and remain below the
North West and England averages. There is also a decrease in the number of referrals in which a previous
referral has taken place.
Children aged between five and nine years have the highest number of referrals. The main factors identified
at assessment relate to abuse or neglect, family dysfunction and the child’s disability or illness. At 31 March
2013, 313 children in need had a disability, a rate of 16.1 per 10,000. 48% were reported as having learning
difficulties, 29% with Autism or Asperger’s Syndrome and 21% had communication issues.
36.5% of children in need had been an open case for two years or over. 1,907 children ceased to be in need
in the year ending 31 March 2013. In 85% of these cases the child was deemed no longer in need and 54%
had been an open case for three months or less.
• The implementation of the revised continuum of need threshold document
has led to clearer multi-agency understanding.
• Robust monitoring and referrals are sign posted to appropriate agency/level.
• Greater emphasis upon prevention and early intervention and the way we
work with children and families and partner agencies.
• Specialist support for children and young people including options for
therapy. Support for perpetrators focusing on learned behaviours and
working to change them.
200
400
600
800 1000 1200
Number of children in need
Age band of children referred to
Social Care (June 2014)
2%
10%
8%
Unborn
Under 1
25%
27%
1 to 4
5 to 9
10 to 15
16 plus
28%
Recommended actions
• Monitor and evaluate the targeted commissioned services in
respect of domestic violence, alcohol and mental health and
outcomes improved for children and families.
• Progress the edge of care project which is a more integrated,
targeted and responsive model for those on the ‘edge of care’
where family breakdown is imminent.
• Further development with teenagers around healthy
relationships and the signs of domestic abuse.
Rationale: A child in need is one who has been assessed by children’s social care to be in need of services. Providing support can help keep
families experiencing difficulties together and target interventions to prevent children going into care.
25
Children on child protection plans
Cheshire West and Chester has a lower rate of children with a Child
Protection Plan (32.10 per 10,000 children) compared to England (37.90
per 10,000) and statistical neighbours (39.36) (at 31 March 2013). A total
of 227 children became the subject of a child protection plans during 20122013. Trends from 2012 to 2014 have shown a decline in numbers from
266 in September 2012 to 180 in June 2013, after which the average per
month has remained between 166 and 182.
As of June 2014, there were 201 cases held; 14 cases held by the Children
with Disabilities team, 62 by Chester Family Support and Children in Need,
72 by Ellesmere Port Family Support and Children in Need and 53 by
Northwich and Winsford Family Support and Children in Need.
Child protection by age range at 30
June 2014
3%
3%
Source: Department for Education
9%
Unborn
Under 1
26%
1 to 4
29%
5 to 9
10 to 15
16 plus
29%
Child protection by category of abuse at
30 June 2014
6%
Emotional abuse and neglect are the most
prevalent reasons for children and young people to
be made the subject of a child protection plan in
Cheshire West and Chester and nationally.
• Smarter plans, timely intervention and
robust monitoring over the length of
child protection plan.
• Good multi-agency engagement within
conferences and core groups.
• Having a multi-agency front door
(ESAT) as a single point of contact has
resulted in a reduction of people’s
problems escalating to crisis point.
33.5% of children were subject to the plan for more
than six months but less than one year, 25.5% for
Recommended actions
one year but less than two years, 21.2% for three
Neglect
• Monitor and evaluate commissioned
months or less, 17% for more than three months or
services.
Physical abuse up to six months, and 2.8% for two years and over. • Audit of Children In Need cases to
262 children ceased to be the subject of a child
ensure escalation to Child Protection is
protection plan during 2012-13, a rate of 39.7 per
Sexual abuse
appropriate and timely.
10,000 children. This is lower than the England
rate of 45.7 per 10,000 children.
Emotional
abuse
10%
25%
Analysis of 2012/13 cases shows that over half of
all child protection plans were for children aged
under five. 71% of child protection plans for
physical abuse were for children under five, 56% of
plans for neglect were for children under five and
50% of plans for emotional abuse were for children
under five.
58%
Rationale: Children considered to be in need of services are discussed at a multi-agency Child Protection Conference. If the child is considered to be
at continuing risk of significant harm he or she will be subject to a Child Protection Plan. Inter-agency interventions will be put in place to safeguard the
26
child.
Children in care
As of 31 March 2013 there were 385 children in care in Cheshire West and
Chester; this is a rate of 58 per 10,000 children under 18, similar to the
England rate of 60 per 10,000 children under 18. Data for 2014 indicates that
numbers have continue to increase in 2014.
The majority of looked after children (40%) are aged 10 to 15 years and 24%
are aged five to nine. There is a similar split between males and females and
97% of those in care in Cheshire West and Chester are white British.
Age of looked after child at 31 March 2013
5%
16%
15%
Under 1
1 to 4
5 to 9
24%
40%
10 to 15
16 and over
Children in care are categorised according to the legal status under which they have
been placed. 2013/14 data shows that 45% of children in care in Cheshire West and
Chester had a full care order, slightly higher than the national figure of 42%. The next
largest category was Interim Care Order which was 24%. This was higher than the
national figure of 17%. 18% of children in care were accommodated under Section 20
which was lower than the national figure of 27%. 10% had a placement order which
was lower than the national figure of 14%.
Two thirds of children in care 68%, were in care because of abuse or neglect, this was
higher than the national figure of 56%. This was followed by family dysfunction (16%)
and families in acute stress (11%). These figures compare favourably with the overall
England average. The majority of children were in foster placements with other
placements including secure units, children's homes and hostels.
RATIONALE: A child who is being looked after by the local authority is known as a child in care or "looked after". Some children are placed in
care voluntarily by parents struggling to cope. In other cases children's services will have intervened because a child was at risk of significant
harm (NSPCC)
27
Children in Care: Demand
CHILDREN IN CARE NUMBERS OVER 24 MONTHS
500
480
476
460
440
• Children in care thresholds are appropriate and
responding to them accordingly.
• Planning for permanency, avoiding any drift and
supported by the 26 week court timetable.
420
400
380
360
340
320
Jul-12
Aug-12
Sep-12
Oct-12
Nov-12
Dec-12
Jan-13
Feb-13
Mar-13
Apr-13
May-13
Jun-13
Jul-13
Aug-13
Sep-13
Oct-13
Nov-13
Dec-13
Jan-14
Feb-14
Mar-14
Apr-14
May-14
Jun-14
300
In Cheshire West and Chester, over the past
four years, the rate of increase in the total
numbers of children in care is higher than that
of the England and North West averages.
The total number of children in care per
10,000 of the population is higher than the
England and statistical neighbour averages,
although lower than the North West averages.
There are consistently more joiners than
leavers to care each month. The increasing
demand for placements has resulted in an
increase in the proportion of children placed
more than 20 miles from their home and
outside of Cheshire West and Chester
boundary.
There are slightly more males than females in
care. 51 children in care have a disability, of
which 45% have a learning disability, autism
or Asperger's.
Recommended actions
• Children in care joiners continue to be higher
than the number leaving care. A thematic audit is
to be carried out to analyse the journey of
children in care joiners with focus on what early
support is needed.
• Progress ‘edge of care’ project which focuses on
preventing children on the edge of care from
going into care.
• Place greater emphasis on exit planning.
• Analyse the children with disabilities cohort
(percentage of autistic children).
• Continue the fostering and adoption recruitment
campaign.
Number of looked after children
390
380
370
360
350
340
330
320
310
385
365
355
335
31 March
2010
31 March
2011
31 March
2012
31 March
2013
RATIONALE: The increasing demand for care placements for looked after children has resulted in an increase in the proportion of children
placed outside of the Cheshire West and Chester boundary which can result in disruption for the child in terms of schooling and socialising.
28
Children in Care: Placements
• Foster carers receiving specialist support and
training.
• All foster carers supported by an experienced
family placement social worker.
• Increased sufficiency through targeted
recruitment and evidence base of looked after
population needs.
Recommended actions
• The Edge of Care project focusing on preventing
those on the edge of care going into care.
• In house recruitment strategy to continue.
• Plans to open a second and third residential
establishment for looked after children.
The percentage of children in care with three or more placements in Cheshire West and Chester has declined since 2010 to present, despite
seeing an increase between 2012 and 2013. The rate of children under 16 years, in care for more than two and a half years and in the same
placement for more than two years has declined since 2011, although data from March 2014 indicates that the rate has increased but remains
lower than the England and Statistical Neighbour averages.
The percentage of children placed
% of placements in and out of local authority
Placements at 31 March 2013
outside of the local authority boundary
boundary at June 2014
and no more than 20 miles from home
Foster placement
76%
has increased from 14.7% to 20.2%
between July 2012 and June 2014 and
Secure unit
9%
is higher than the England and
Placed for adoption
5%
statistical neighbour averages.
Placed with parents
4%
Residential school
4%
Other placement in community
2%
0%
20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
At 31 March 2013, the majority of
children in care are in Cheshire West
and Chester Council local authority
provision, 125 are in private provision.
Of 495 children in care 50 were in short
term placements.
Outside
43%
Inside
57%
Rationale: UK wide policy for looked after children has concentrated on increasing the stability and quality of placements offered . The Rowntree
Foundation found that those in stable placements are more likely to; succeed educationally, be in work, and manage accommodation after
leaving care.
29
Health needs of children in care
The table below shows the health outcome data for Cheshire West and Chester
children in care in comparison with the national data as of March 31st 2013.
Number of children
Number of children
with health
Number of children Number of children who have had their
surveillance checks immunisations up to with teeth checked
annual health
Processing year
up to date
date
by a dentist
assessment
2013
30
228
237
252
Cohort
44
264
264
264
CWAC %
68%
86%
90%
95%
2011/12 England
80%
83%
82%
86%
average
2011/12 statistical
79%
81%
73%
78%
neighbour average
Below English
Below English
Below English
Below English
average
average
average
average
CWAC relative
Below statistical
Below statistical
Below statistical
Below statistical
performance neighbour average neighbour average neighbour average neighbour average
Historically the health outcome data has provided a snapshot of the health of
Cheshire West and Chester children in care but it has been recognised that
there is a wealth of information that could be captured from the children’s health
assessments.
The health data collection tool was developed in collaboration between health
and social care. Health data has been collected for children who have had a
health assessment from October 2013. It is important to note that this is a new
process and not all children who have been looked after continuously for 12
months as of 31 March 2013 will have had a health assessment at this time.
However, the following information obtained from the data collected does
provide an insight into the health of children in care in Cheshire West and
Chester.
Around 10% of the children were not up to date with immunisations (n=26). This
compares favourably with the percentage of Cheshire West and Chester
children who were up to date with their immunisations in 2013.
The predominant problem for children over the age of 15
years living in care was lifestyle issues. The most common
being smoking (n=24) and alcohol (n=10).
Type of
Aged 0-4
Aged 5-9 Aged 10-14 Aged 15-18 Aged 0-18
Diagnosis Count Rank Count Rank Count Rank Count Rank Count Rank
EMOTION
3
9
17
1
25
1
25
1
70
1
VISION
7
3
12
2
10
2
16
2
45
2
ECZEMA
13
1
10
3
8
4
4
7
35
3
DEVDELAY
7
3
9
4
7
5
8
4
31
4
SPEECH
12
2
6
5
3
10
3
13
24
5
Source: Cheshire West & Chester Council, Cheshire & Wirral NHS Partnership
The most common health referral was to ophthalmology followed
by child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS). CAMHS
referrals were more prevalent in children aged over 15 years. The
total number of children for whom this data was collected was 279.
Of these 89 had at least one ongoing health referral the most
common being community paediatrics followed by speech and
language therapy and other hospital specialists. Children who
have a physical or learning disability have an average of three
ongoing referrals whereas there was an average of 0.5 referrals
overall as of March 31 2013.
The most common health diagnosis for children in care aged over five years
was emotional, behavioural and mental health issues. This was followed by
speech and language delay. For children aged under five years, eczema was
the most common diagnosis followed by vision problems.
Rationale: In England all looked after children are required to have regular health assessments to ensure their health needs are being met and they are
not missing out on routine preventative health care, such as immunisations. These health assessments are an opportunity to identify unmet health
30
needs and actively promote health in its widest sense.
Adoption
•
•
•
•
The increased recruitment and assessment of
adopters to provide more choice for children.
Support offered to adopters to ensure fewer
breakdowns of placements.
Ensure staff are fully trained.
Increasing the numbers of foster carers opens
up the routes to adoption for children looked
after.
Recommended actions
• Continuation of recruitment strategy targeted to
need.
• The DFE grant funded support programmes to
ensure more appropriately trained staff.
The percentage of children in care who are adopted has been increasing since 2011.
15 children were adopted in Cheshire West and Chester in 2013. This is lower than
2012, but numbers for 2014 currently indicate an increase.
The average number of days a child was looked after before moving in with their
adoptive family (based on a three year average for 2010-13) is 538. This is below the
England and statistical neighbour average.
In 2014, 29 children were living with their prospective adoptive families and awaiting
the adoption order to be made. Another 20 children were in the process of family
finding.
1000
900
800
700
600
Other NW LAs
England Av
647
538
552
561
562
612
628
638
654
658
689
700
701
709
719
731
744
771
786
791
828
842
885
2013
15
650
36.5
3980
538
Number of looked after children adopted in year
2010
2011
2012
Local authority, region and England
10
10
20
North West
550
520
590
Statistical neighbours
18.5
19.4
21.5
England
3200
3090
3470
Chart showing The average time between a child
entering care and moving in with its adoptive family, for
children who have been adopted between 2010-2013
500
400
300
200
100
0
Rationale: The local authority has a responsibility to engage the looked after child's birth parents and wider family in identifying solutions for care
and placement options. When these have been explored but no options identified then fostering for adoption may apply.
31
Domestic abuse affecting children and young people
There are an estimated 6,350 victims of domestic abuse in Cheshire West
Young people discussed at MARAC
and Chester. Not all will be visible to services, around 400- 440 high risk
during October 2013 – June 2014
victims and 360-400 medium risk will be at, or near, the point of help seeking.
Victims aged 16 to17
In 2013/14, there were 1,141 recorded incidents of domestic violence.
Cheshire Police report that around 40% of incidents arise as a result of
Cases where victims aged 16 to 17
alcohol abuse and that domestic abuse accounts for around a third (38%) of
Number harming others aged 17 or below
all assaults with injury in Cheshire and eight percent of all recorded crime.
West Cheshire
National figure
16
946
5%
2%
4
472
Around two thirds of adult victims have approximately two children each
implying there are over 1,000 children living in high and medium risk
households. Half of these children and young people will be visible to
services.
High risk domestic abuse cases are discussed at Multi-Agency Risk Assessment
Conferences (MARACs). There were 458 cases discussed at MARAC in Cheshire
West and Chester (July 2013-14) relating to 349 individuals. Approximately five
percent of MARAC cases are for victims aged 16 to 17.
Cheshire West and Chester’s Early Support Access Team (ESAT) is a
resource for practitioners who are dealing with families with children and
vulnerable adults where there is domestic abuse. In 2013/14, there were 526
contacts to ESAT where domestic abuse was the main reason for contact. If
risk assessments indicate that any children within the home is at risk of
significant harm, as a result of domestic abuse then a referral is made to
Children’s Social Care. The number of children in need in Cheshire West and
Chester’s Children’s Social Care services (at March 2013) was 1,944 and an
estimated 40% had domestic abuse as a primary factor. The average percent
of Child Protection Conferences where domestic abuse was identified as a
parental factor was 40% (victim) and 33% (perpetrators). Of those in care,
two thirds have a category of abuse or neglect.
The Cheshire West Domestic Abuse Family Support Unit (DAFSU) works
with victims of abuse, aged 16 and over, who are considered high risk cases. In
2013/14 there were 443 high risks cases referred to the DAFSU. Data for victims
aged 16-17 was collected for five months during 2013/14 this showed that 3.7% of
cases referred were in this age group.
In 2013/14, the DAFSU worked with the parents of 562 children affected by
domestic abuse; the majority aged 0 to five years. National research indicates that
around 62% of young people exposed to domestic abuse are directly harmed.
The DAFSU in 2013/14 collected data for five months on the number of children
and young people aged 17 and under who caused harm. Of all perpetrators, three
percent were aged 17 and under.
•
•
•
•
Multi-Agency Risk Assessment Conferences (MARACs) - multiagency meetings focused on increasing the safety of high risk victims
and their children by sharing information and developing a risk
management plan. Promoted nationally as a best practice response
to domestic abuse.
Use of the Co-ordinated Action Against Domestic Abuse (CAADA)
Stalking and Harassment Risk Identification Checklist (DASH RIC)
assessment – ensures a consistent approach is applied in identifying
and assessing risk.
Taking a holistic approach – tackling not only the effects of domestic
abuse but also its causes.
Agencies working together to engage, support and work with victims
and perpetrators are more likely to achieve positive results.
Recommended actions
•
•
•
•
•
Publicity - promotional and educational information must be more widely
available and publicity materials should be made accessible including Braille,
different language and easy-read versions.
Domestic abuse training should be undertaken on a regular basis to inform
and support professionals and front line workers across the borough.
Peoples needs, perceptions and circumstances differ among ethnic minority
communities, older people, those who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual or
transgender and people with a disability. This must be taken into account.
A pilot prevention programme for young perpetrators focusing on learned
behaviours and working to change them.
All organisations work together to increase formal and informal networking
opportunities for practitioners to improve working relationships.
Rationale: Domestic abuse is an underreported crime with significant impact on the lives of victims, children and the wider community. The impacts are
significant and longstanding. Domestic abuse presents a number of overlapping issues including links to mental health, physical and learning
32
disabilities, housing, crime, anti-social behaviour, drug and alcohol misuse and safeguarding (Cheshire West Domestic Abuse Strategy)
Young people age 13-19 years healthy relationships and disclosure of domestic abuse
Types of abuse experienced by young people in
England
Emotional abuse
Jealous/controlling
Harrassment/stalking
Physical abuse
Financial abuse
Sexual abuse
Neglect
Source: CAADA, 2014 0%
What is an abusive relationship
Relationship abuse between young people refers to relationships where the young
people have been, or are in, an intimate relationship. This includes long term
relationships and more casual or one-off encounters. If a young person is 16 or over
and has suffered one or more incidents of controlling or threatening behaviour or
assault by a boy/girlfriend, then they can be classed as a victim of domestic violence.
Domestically abusive behaviours can take the form of physical, sexual, emotional
and/or financial abuse, amongst other forms. Evidence shows that coercive and
controlling behaviours are likely to escalate into violence and subsequently become
a reoccurring feature in the relationship.
72%
69%
55%
55%
21%
19%
13%
50%
100%
Research by the NSPCC found that 33% of girls and 16% of boys
reported some form of sexual abuse, 25% of girls and 18% of boys
reported some form of physical abuse and 75% of girls and 50% of boys
reported some form of emotional abuse. Those aged 13 to 15 were as
likely as those aged 16 and over to experience some forms of
relationship abuse.
Nationally, of young people referred to Co-ordinated Action Against
Domestic Abuse (CAADA), 83% were referred because of intimate
partner violence in their relationship. The most common type of abuse
was emotional abuse and jealous and controlling behaviour. However,
many experience multiple types of abuse. The young people supported
are extremely vulnerable and are at high risk of serious harm. The
majority supported reported depression or anxiety, and more than a
third had self harmed. Many do not live in a safe environment and are
from ‘troubled families’.
Teenage relationship abuse is often hidden due a number factors
including having limited experience of relationships; being under
pressure from their peers to act a certain way; and accepting violence in
the relationship. One in five young men and one in 10 young women
think abuse or violence against women is acceptable.
The NSPCC found that the majority of young people did not inform an
adult of the abuse. The young person can also experience a feeling of
entrapment. Experience of abuse can have serious outcomes including
substance misuse, depression, self-harm and suicide.
Recommended actions
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Begin to collate local data relating to young people and domestic.
Consult young people in Cheshire West and Chester secondary schools and
youth provisions on ‘healthy relationships’, to identify gaps in knowledge of
healthy and abusive relationships.
Use consultation findings to inform practice and the Cheshire West Domestic
Abuse Strategy 2014/16.
Deliver ‘train the trainer’ domestic abuse training to professionals working with 13
to 19 year olds, to improve early identification and ensure they have the skills,
knowledge and competency to inform, educate and support young people
experiencing, or at risk of, domestic abuse.
Peer educators to provide educational workshops in informal and educational
settings, for both boys and girls, to inform and raise awareness of unhealthy and
abusive relationships.
Ensure young people have access to young person friendly information and
guidance packs on the signs of unhealthy and abusive relationships, safety
planning and what support is available to them.
Agree a care/referral pathway for disclosures for 13 to 19 year olds and
professionals at a local level through Early Support Access Team (ESAT),
Children’s Social Care and Multi-Agency Risk Assessment Conferences
(MARAC).
Deliver bespoke training to external professionals and workforce who support 1319 year olds on care/referral pathways and young peoples Coordinated Action
Against Domestic Abuse (CAADA) Risk Indicator Assessment (RIC) /MARAC,
including youth charities, youth service, Princes Trust and YMCA Training.
Relevant Practitioners becoming involved with data collection with CAADA toolkit.
Rationale: A healthy relationship is based on a caring and respect. Young people who experience abuse within an intimate relationship are
extremely vulnerable and at risk of harm to their mental and physical health along with an increased likeliness of substance misuse and sexually
risk-taking behaviour.
33
Child sexual exploitation
What is child sexual exploitation?
Child sexual exploitation (CSE) is a form of child
abuse affecting children and young people under
the age of 18. The nationally agreed definition of
CSE from the Department for Children, Schools
and Families (DCSF) is that it ‘involves
exploitative situations, contexts and relationships
where young people (or a third person or
persons) receive ‘something’ (e.g. food,
accommodation, drugs, alcohol, cigarettes,
affection, attention, gifts, money) as a result of
them performing, or others performing on them,
sexual acts or activities’.
The young person may have been groomed
(when someone builds a relationship with a child
to gain their trust), and believe they are in a loving
consensual relationship with the perpetrator.
Grooming can take place online or in the real
world by a stranger or someone they know.
Sexual exploitation can occur online or by
telephone and does not require physical contact.
Once trust and power is gained the ‘relationship’
may involve violence and intimidation to continue
to exploit the young person. The young person
often does not report the abuse due to feelings of
shame, fear of harm to themselves or others, fear
that they will not be believed, not wanting to give
something up e.g. drugs or gifts, or because they
are manipulated into thinking that they want to
remain in the relationship and have loyalties to
the perpetrator.
Who is most at risk of CSE?
Child sexual exploitation can happen to any child or
young person. However, some may be more
vulnerable as shown in the diagram. Some of these
factors can also be signs of CSE taking place and
are cause for concern. Children under the influence
of substances are at increased risk due to a lack of
control and putting themselves in risky situations to
access drugs and alcohol. Certain groups are more
susceptible to using substances including those
experiencing abuse and neglect, children living in
care or having left care, those who are missing from
home and care, those with mental health issues and
those disengaged from education.
Key signs of CSE
• Absence from school
• Missing from home / care
• Drug and / or alcohol use
• Involvement in crime
• Change in physical
appearance
• Physical injuries
• Shows sexualised
behaviour (inappropriate
sexual behaviour for their
age)
• Treated for sexually
transmitted infections
• Treated for pregnancy and
terminations
• Thoughts or attempts of
suicide and self-harm
• Older boyfriend/girlfriend
• Tired in school
• Unknown friends on social
networking sites
• Mental health issues
including depression
• Secretive phone calls and
internet use
• Unknown vehicles dropping
them off
• Arguments at home with
their families
• Behaving differently
• Appears frightened of a
particular person
• Have new things that they
can’t explain
(From Pan Cheshire website
‘Know and See’ and NSPCC)
Rationale: Child sexual exploitation has a serious lasting impact on every aspect of a child and young person’s life including their physical and
mental health, education, personal safety, relationships and future life opportunities. Those targeted are often those most vulnerable.
34
Child sexual exploitation
Between March 2014-March 2015, there were 52 children and young
people in Cheshire West and Chester assessed as being at risk of
child sexual exploitation (CSE) by the Cheshire West and Chester
CSE operational group. All children were aged 12 to 17 years and the
majority were girls. 11 were children in care. Two in five cases were
considered high risk and investigated by Cheshire Police.
Difficulties faced by victims of CSE can include:
• Isolation from family and friends
• Teenage parenthood
• Failing examinations or dropping out of education altogether
• Unemployment
• Mental health problems
• Suicide attempts and self harm
• Alcohol and drug addiction
• Aggressive behaviour
• Criminal activity
Between 2013-14, all suspects in CSE cases were male except for
one female. In just under half of cases investigated, the investigation
was raised in response to concerns about young people who had been
CSE also has long term impacts on the whole family with parents/carers
reported missing to the police.
feeling anger, guilt, shame and confusion. This can lead to strain on
relationships with parent and child expressing symptoms of poor mental
There are strong links between children and young people who go
health. Siblings may become remote not fully understanding the situation.
missing and CSE. Between 2013-14, there were 299 missing child
Evidence of What Works
notifications received by the organisation Catch 22, the Cheshire West
•
Multi-agency
working
and Chester commissioned service that supports children and young
• An approach, strategy and protocol for dealing with and tackling CSE
people who have been missing from home or care. The missing
• Raising awareness of CSE with organisations, those who work with
notifications involved 155 children, indicating repeat missing episodes
or encounter children and young people and parents
by the same child is significant. The link between CSE and children
• Raising awareness with children and young people about the risks
going missing is strong, with some forced to stay in harmful
that can lead to CSE such as losing control when under the
influence of drugs and / or alcohol
environments and engaging in risky activities such as using drugs and
alcohol. Children missing from home in Cheshire West and Chester
gave socialising and boredom as the main reasons for going missing
Actions undertaken in Cheshire West
followed by family conflict. For children going missing from care, the
• County wide multi-agency CSE sub group and CSE operational
most common reasons were a placement issue of a contact issue.
group setup by the Local Safeguarding Children Board (LSCB)
• Have a CSE strategy and multi-agency operating protocol, a lead
person to co-ordinate a multi-agency response and multi-agency
There are different types of CSE including single perpetrator, and
support for victims and families during court cases
multiple perpetrator CSE which includes group-associated, gang
associated and within a gang or group. Not exclusively, but the type of • Represented on Pan Cheshire CSE Strategic Group
• Commissioned Catch 22 to support young people notified as missing
CSE evident in Cheshire West and Chester is predominately against a
from home or care including conducting return interviews
single child with one male perpetrator with whom the child feels they
• Multi-agency audit on sexualised behaviour to scrutinise approach
are in a legitimate relationship. There are a number of repeat
• CSE screening tool kit developed and used by local practitioners to
perpetrators responsible for the exploitation of more than one child.
assess a young persons vulnerability to CSE
• Devised a one minute guide to help to identify potential signs of CSE
Areas of interest to Police in Cheshire West and Chester or
• Delivery of a safer schools conference and roll out of guidance on
how to support children and manage risks particularly around
considered ‘hotspots’ include licensed premises suspected of selling
sexualised behaviour
alcohol and cigarettes to underage children, places children are known
• ‘Risking it all’ performance and workshops with year 10 pupils to
to frequent when skipping school and locations identified as meeting
raise awareness of CSE
places of children at risk.
• Development of dedicated CSE website called ‘Know and See’.
Rationale: Child sexual exploitation has links to others types of crime including child trafficking, domestic abuse, abusive images of children and
their distribution, sexual violence, drugs-related offences, gang-related activity, immigration-related offences, grooming and domestic servitude 35
Young people’s issues
Cheshire West and Chester delivers the United Kingdom Youth
Parliament (UKYP) elections in February bi-annually. During this
process the young people are asked about issues that affect them in
their daily lives. Many of these issues are fed into local, regional
and national government. The issues are also split into area reports
allowing the issues to be addressed in our youth clubs where young
people work with qualified staff to address the issues, explore their
fears and gain information. This allows them to make informed
choices in their lives.
Issues identified by young people at the 2014 UKYP
election
Transport issues
Employment
15%
16%
Personal safety (inc on-line
safety)
Leisure provision
6%
14%
This information is taken from Cheshire West and Chester integrated
youth support service recording system which highlights issues
covered during youth club sessions. It ensures that issues identified
by young people are being addressed and that help and support is
provided. Youth clubs respond to the needs of young people on a
daily basis giving young people the information they need to make
informed decisions.
Drug and alcohol issues
More youth provision
7%
Environment
7%
9%
8%
9%
Safe streets/ policing
16 to 19 bursary
9%
Other
Evidence of What Works
Consulting with young people about youth club programmes enables
them to take ownership of their environment, build respect within the
club, and gives young people an opportunity to address sensitive issues.
Recommend actions
• Continue to be proactive and reactive to the issues young people
face.
• Continue to consult with young people on areas they require help and
support.
• Enable young people to use their learning to enhance their future
development.
• Support young people in evaluating the impact of youth work upon
their own development.
• Ensure staff have relevant area data to address local issues raised.
Rationale: Children and young people should be empowered to inform decisions and have their voices heard both locally and nationally (UK
Youth Parliament).
36

Children and Young People Summary

Transcription

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