- The Registry of Ex Military Land Rovers (Australia)

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PROJECt
fIE_NIlE
...
How the Australian Army's "Four Wheelers" will spend your tax $$$
BY SELWYN HARRIS
P
ERENTIE: LIZARD; VARAN·
US GIGANTEUS. With a project
name like that, one could be
forgiven for thinking that the Australian
Army was perhaps evaluating the
military value of some giant reptile, and
then for conjuring up visions of Luke
Skywalker racing across a frozen planet
seated on a giant lizard-like creature as
seen in the opening sequences of the
"Star Wars" sequel, "The Empire
Strikes Back".
But we can assure you that is not the
(
"
case and that, in using the name "Peren·
tie", the army simply wished to depict
the lizard·like qualities that they were
seeking for their new range of multiwheel-drive vehicles - vehicles that will
ultimately carry the army's four wheel·
ers into the 21st century and beyond.
In June, 1982, the Department of
Administrative Services' purchasing di·
vision (the government purchasing authority for the armed forces), called
public tenders for the supply of evalu·
ation vehicles as the first phase in the
introduction of a new range of light
field vehicles for the Australian Army.
Perentie is therefore the army's code
name for its programme to procure new
light, cross-country support vehicles in
Perentie vehicles will fill the enlarged
gap beneath the 4·tonne Un imog.
The army's total requirement for
Perentie class vehicles (Army Speci·
fication MC 2) is approximately 3,000
vehicles.
These vehicles will eventually replace
the army's ageing Land Rover fleet
which is nearing the end of its service
life.
The tender specification indicated
that test vehicles would be purchased
from up to four manufacturers in the
0.75 to one-tonne class and up to three
manufacturers in the 1.5 to 2-tonne
class. These vehicles would then be
subjected to extensive trials and testing
throughout Australia. Once the results
of these trials were known and the army
had reassessed its requirements, the
tenderers who were successful in supply·
ing evaluation vehicles would then be
invited to tender for the supply of
approximately 2,600 vehicles in class
one and 400 vehicles in class two.
Eventually, from those who retendered
in phase two of the project, a single
manufacturer would be chosen from
each class to supply the army's Perentie
vehicles. These manufacturers would be
required to supply vehicles that would
commence their service life in 1986 and
onward.
To introduce the project and make
sure the manufacturers understood the
army's requirements, the army invited
interested manufacturers to the Defence
Centre in Melbourne in ) une 1982 for
their "Presentation to Industry
Project Perentie". Here the army clearly
laid out its requirements so that there
would be no misunderstanding as to the
complexity and scope of the project.
It was indicated that the project
was to have two definite phases. At this
time funds had been approved for
phase one only - the procurement of
evaluation vehicles and their field testing.
Phase two would entail the actual
Below:
The selection of the Mercedes-Benz Unimog
UL 1700L by the army entailed more than
four years of detailed tendering, procurement and exhaustive evaluation.
two basic capacities:
0.75 - 1.00 tonne payload
1.50 _. 2.00 tonne payload
The army previously operated three
categories of vehicles:
0.75 tonne payload
(Land Rover 6 cy!.)
2.50 tonne payload
(International 4 x 4)
4.00 tonne payload
(International 6 x 6)
The Internationals are now being re·
placed by the 4·tonne payload Mer·
cedes Unimog U1700 and the army has
introduced an 8-tonne payload c1assi·
fication with the Mack 6 x 6. The two
BUSHDRIVER
procurement of the remaining vehicles,
and the army made it quite clear that no
- funds had been allocated by government
resolution to cover the second phase at
that time. Therefore the number of vehicles and their timing for delivery were
indicative only of what the army would
like to see happen, and so the final
outcome would be dependent on the
Participation
buy now, but what will be the case in
four or five years' time: will it do the
job you want it to? will it breakdown
more and therefore cost you more to
keep on the road? what are the costs of
spare parts? does it use more fuel? how
(AlP) will be of prime interest in the
long do the tyres last? You may be
consideration of tenders, and each
manufacturer will be required to set out
surprised at the outcome of such an
examination.
To enable the army to determine
what these costs are likely to be, each
manufacturer will be required to sup-
as a whole.
AUSTRALIAN INDUSTRY
PARTICIPATION
Australian
Industry
stage was firm. The only thing that was
clearly the level of A IP present in his
finished vehicle. AlP supposedly assures
a "fair go" for Australian industry. Un-
thinking of the government of the day.
In other words, nothing for the second
firm was that they would be buying
derstanding that none of the vehicles to
evaluation vehicles and forming a special
unit to test these over the period
be offered would be completely built in
Australia (the ideal situation for pro-
September 1983 to August 1984.
The army indicated that the follow-
duct support in a time of war), the army
ing requirements were mandatory, and
then went on to explain how the
project would unfold:
COMMERCIAL AVAILABILITY
It was made quite plain at the outset that the vehicle would have to be
commercially available in Australia and
backed up by a reasonable dealer net-
work with adequate availability of spare
parts and service facilities. In other
words, it was to be a vehicle that, in its
basic form, was available to you or me.
(Hence
BUSHDRIVER
Magazine's
special interest in the project.) The
army was not looking for a vehicle that
was so specialised that only they had
one. This thinking shows wise utilisation
of the taxpayers' dollars because, firstly, the army doesn't have to pay the
development costs associated with
building a unique or specialist vehicle.
If the vehicle is commercially avail-
able, these costs have already been
carried by the manufacturer and spread
across the market as a whole. The only
development costs that are then attributable to the project are for the in-
clusion of the army's specialised equipment, e.g. 24-volt wiring, radio suppression equipment, shovel and axe
bracketry, unit identification holders.
etc.
Secondly, it means that the army
doesn't have to purchase large stocks
of expensive replacement parts or send
specialised service people all over Aust·
ralia to repair their vehicles. For example, units in Townsville, Alice Springs
or Darwin can procure these services
from experienced local dealers and save
the army and the taxpayers unnecessary
expense.
There is another very important reason for choosing a commercially available vehicle: commercially available
vehicles must meet all current Austral-
indicated that it would be looking for
the highest level of AlP possible. All
this, of course, has to be weighed
against one all important factor - the
final cost.
Let's examine how AlP could help to
make a successful tenderer. Take for
example two manufacturers with a
similar product: pricing is similar and
both do the job adequately, but one has
a significantly higher level of AlP than
the other. It is almost certain that one
with the higher AlP would be granted
the contract because of the additional
benefits to be gained by assisting Australian industry and in helping to provide
more jobs for Australians. That, in
principle, is how it should work, provided the assessment is made honestly
and all claims are well substantiated.
WHOLE OF LIFE CYCLE COSTING
cheap to buy initially may not be the
cheapest in the long run when keeping
in mind that initial purchase price may
represent only between 30% or 40% of
the total cost of keeping and running a
vehicle over a period of five years.
Then,
during
the
vehicle
2,
w
se
s~
Cl
recorded, routine maintenance costs and
frequency. breakdown repair costs, tyre
replacement - in short, every cent spent
on each vehicle during the course of the
trials and their 12 months' evaluation.
The unit can then be inspected at the
conclusion of the trials and an assessment made to determine its remaining
service life. Is it still in good condition
te
A
is
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F,
th
in
th
nr
or perhaps fit only for the scrap heap?
In this way, the army will have a
composite picture of what each particular make of vehicle is likely to cost them
during its life, and thus will be able to
identify which vehicle is truly the best
value and makes the wisest use of taxpayers' money.
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The colonel responsible for quality
in 1
paramount and that both phase one and
phase two vehicles would be subject to
rigorous quality assurance inspections
to determine that the vehicles were
truly representative of the product
tendered.
For example,
it would be fool-
ish for a manufacturer to offer a beefed
up or reinforced version of the vehicle
for the trials and testing stage (phase
one) and then expect to supply a lesser
product for the delivery stage (phase
two).
It is possible that, during the course
of the contract, both the army and the
manufacturer may agree to change or
to improve the product in order to enhance its service life. If any additional
costs were forthcoming, they would be
This is a thought for every four
paid for by the army provided the
modifications were not required as the
result of neglect on the part of the
manufacturer. At no time would it be
roads, not only to army personnel but
also to the Australian motoring public
floor to used car lot. OK, it's cheaper to
BUSH DRIVER
t,
m
trials,
wheeler to keep in mind when considering or assessing a vehicle for his or
her needs. Try to ascertain what a vehicle will cost you from show-room
72
a,
n,
careful records will be kept on each
vehicle. Every drop of fuel used \ViII be
with their stringent emission control,
thereby assuring relative safety on the
(f
A
ed.
ian Regulations (ADRS) and comply
braking and safety design regulations,
.,e;
and any special tools that may be re-
assurance informed manufacturers that
continued product quality would be
you get an exact picture of what each
vehicle costs during its life cycle.
Fleet users are becoming more conscious of the principle that what is
u
o
quired in maintaining their vehicles.
They will also be required to estimate
the in·service life of many components
and substantiate these claims if requir-
QUALITY ASSURANCE
you want to dispose of it). From this
T
ply detailed costs of a range of spare
identified to be a prime factor in determining the success of a tenderer
when phase two tenders were finally
assessed.
vehicle from its initial purchase through
its total life, including total fuel usage,
tyre replacement, repair and maintenance costs, and final dis'IJosal return.
(In other words, its trade-in value or
what you can expect to get for it when
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SI
parts and commonly used service items,
Whole of life cycle costing (or total
life cycle costing - TLCC - as it is
generally known in fleet terms) was
What is TLCC?
Basically, it is the complete cost of a
SI
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likely that a manufacturer would be
allowed to supply a product of lesser
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specification than that originally offered
and trial led by the army. Every vehicle
w~uld be inspected prior to delivery
being taken to ensure that it met the
specification.
their background let's take a look at
the basics of the ~rmy specification for
M.C. 2 vehicle classes one and two:
Class One:
THE VEHICLE TRIALS
Designated Truck Utility Lightweight
MC 2 Soft Top FFR. (FFR means fitted
for radio)
Perentie trials will be conducted
under the control of the Army Directorate of Trials and will involve one of
each make of vehicle being tested at the
army testing facility at Monegeetta
(Monegeetta is the location for the
Army's Special Trials and Testing wing
and is approximately onc hour's drive
north-west of Melbourne.) Each vehicle
tested at Monegeetta will undergo a
minimum durability trial of some
24,000 km. The remaining two vehicles
will be subject to a very comprehensive
series of user studies conducted by a
special unit to be formed from a varied
cross section of army personnel.
The trials will take this special unit
to a number of testing sites throughout
Australia. For obvious reasons, the army
is being quite secretive about the exact
location of the areas, but we know that
the tests will involve different climatic
conditions requiring special locations.
For example, it is reasonable to assume
that hot dry testing will be conducted
in South Australia near Woomera and
that hot wet testing will be carried out
near Tully in north Queensland.
Manufacturers have been informed
that they will be given reasonable access
to their vehicle in the case of a major
failure or incident that may affect its
continued performance. They will be
able to test any failed components in
order to determine the reason for the
failure and, in doing so, both the army
and the manufacturer will gain valuable
information about the product - information that could lead to perhaps a
better product for you and me.
SUCCESSFUL TENDERERS
Since the closing of tenders for evaluation vehicles in September 1982, the
army has chosen three manufacturers
to supply vehicles in class one (0.75 to
LOO tonne payload) and two manu·
facturers in class two (1.5 to 2.00 tonne
payload).
The successful tendercrs are:
Class
Product
Manufacturer
Requirements:
1. All wheel drive vehicle capable of
highway and cross country operation
2. Air transportable
3. Carry a payload of 0.75 to LOO
tonne
4. Rear seating capacity for six fully
equipped troops
5. Comply with all relevant Australian
motor vehicle design and safety regulations
6. Commercially available in Australia
7. Vehicles to be fitted with army
special equipment (black-out lighting
etc) to Specification MC 2.
Special Requi rements:
The vehicle must also be capable of
being adaptable to the following configurations a.
b.
c.
d.
Hard top panel van FFR
Survey vehicle
Command support vehicle
Station wagon - formation training
vehicle
e. Chassis cab
Class two;
Designated Truck Cargo Light MC 2.
Requirements:
1. All wheel drive vehicle capable of
highway and cross country operation
2. Preferably air transportable
3. Carry a payload of 1.5 to 2.0 tonnes
4. Rear seating capacity for 12 fully
equipped troops
5. Comply with all relevant Australian
motor vehicle design and safety
regulations
6. Commercially available in Australia
7. Vehicles to be fitted with Army
special equipment (black-out lighting etc) to specification MC 2.
Special Requirements:
The vehicle must be adaptable to the
cartage of special demountable shelters.
(Similar to the portable offices or sheds
found at most building sites).
The actual tender document for
Project Perentie in both classes one and
two was quite voluminous and consisted of many hundreds of pages of
drawings and specifications with in·
depth requirements designed to spell
out in detail what is required in order
to make certain the army receives as
closely as possible a vehicle suited to
its needs yet still remaining in a price
'MADE TOUGH FOR YOUR TOYOTA'
LAND CRUISER
LOCKING DIFFS.
Designed to provide maximum traction in
the most difficult conditions, the Roberts Diff-Lock System
is vacuum operated & controlled by cabin mounted switches
whilst the vehicle is moving.
Front & rear models available for all
Land Cruisers with fully floating axles.
DEVELOPED & MANUFACTURED BY:
or
jeep Australia Limited
n·
j.R.A. Umited
Land Rover 170
(Formerly Leylond Australia)
ALTAIR AVIATION PTY LTD
Mercedes Benz
Mercedes Benz 300GD
(A ustralia) Pty. Ltd.
(10 YEARS IN AVIATION)
,al
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be
,er
2
j. R.A. Limited
2 Mercedes Benz
(Australia) Pty. Ltd.
Continued on Page 90
jeep AMI0
Land Rover 7106 x 6
Unimog U 1300
CHURCH ROAD, MENZIES CREEK, 3159
PH: (059) 683540
Before examining the vehicles and
BUSHDRIVER
73
PROJECT PERENTlE
Continued from Page 73
range that wc, the taxpayer, can afford.
Let', briefly now con,ider the cho'en
manufacturers and take a quick look
at the specifications of the vehicles they
have offered.
THE LAND ROVER 110
sophistication and the radical design
changes made by incorporating the
Range Rover's all coil suspension,
chassis and underbody componentry in
the 11 O's bu i1d-u p.
The introduction of the lsuzu engine is an Australian concept and
currently accounts for around 700!o of
Land Rover sales in Australia.
The 11 0 has not yet been released
Manufactured in England by Land
Rover UK and will be a"embled in
Australia by J.R.A. Limited.
The name Land Rover is, of course,
well known to the Au'tralian Army and
is their current light service vehicle.
in Australia but should appear on the
market somewhere around late '83.
Land
Perentie trial' 'hould do just that.
Rovers'
association
with the
army spans some 2S years and one gets
I
Even though the Land Rover ha>
been in service with armies all around
the world, the new 110 will have to
prove that it has what it takes, and the
mixed reactions when trying to find out
MERCEDES BENZ 300D
just how happy the army has been with
Well, what can you say? "Creme de
la creme!" Who wouldn't want one?
Who can afford one? "Not l,"-says you,
and certainly not I, for the 300D i"
without doubt, the most expensive four
wheel drive light pa>,.nger vehicle
available on the Au'tralian market. It
The stage two, long wheelbase Land Rover
110 (wb = 110 in) full-time 4WD with coil
will also, no doubt, be the most expensive vehicle, purchase price-wise,
offered to the army for class one
vehicles.
During the trials, Benz will, no
and front
doubt, be hoping that the army works
the,. vehicle' hard. They will be looking
them. It would seem that, generally,
durability, reliability and reduced main-
springs,
five-speed
transmission
discs.
to come out on top in the areas of
they had a few rough ,pot, around the
tenance costs. They will have to prove
middle of the last contract, but were
they are much better than the oppo,i-
relatively happy with the units they
were receiving towards the end of the
contract.
The 110 i', of cou"e, a totally different vehicle from the units currently in
,ervice with the army. The ,hape i'
,imilar: that's abo~t all. The new 110
could be likened to a Range Rover with
a Land Rover body. when recently
tion economy-wise to justify spending
Benz 3000s are currently in service
with a number of armed forces around
theworld, including the French, Swedish, Norwegian and Argentinian armies
and the German para-military police
released at the Geneva Motor Show in
force> and border patrol.
March thi' year, Leyland claimed to
have taken £60m in advance orders.
They claim the reasons for this interest
and the high degree of inter.,t from
military sources as.- a result of this release, is attributable to the level of
the extra dollars. Are they that much
better?
Once
again,
Perentie
trials
will tell.
Below:
The Mercedes-Benz LWB soft top, the most
sophisticated four wheel drive in the country
- coil spring suspension, excellent approach
and departure angles, locking diffs front and
rear, 4-speed auto or 4-speed manual.
Continued on Page 92.
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90
BUSHDRIVER
in this class in that they have offered a
PROJECT PERENTIE
petrol automatic vehicle when the army
would seem to have a preference for
diesel manual. From my own experience
in the field, I know that a petrol auto-
Continued from Page 90
JEEP AM 10
The word Jeep, of course, says it
all - the original hero of World War 11.
Though the company and the vehicle
have come a long way since the 19405,
unfortunately in Australia they have not
always been heroes and have not always
travelled with distinction.
Even so, the recently released Jeep
J 10 could give Jeep in Australia their
finest hour. Built by AM General, the
military division of American Motors
USA (Jeep Corporation is owned in the
USA by American Motors Corporation),
the Jeep J 10 would be, without a
doubt, the most suitable four wheel
drive mainstream market product that
Jeep have ever had in Australia.
Being a recently released product
and not even available yet in the USA,
the Jeep AM 10 is not currently in service with any military forces except for a
few evaluation vehicles being tested by
matic vehicle will eat a diesel manual for
breakfast performance-wise, but how it
keeps going through lunch and dinner
is another matter. Automatic
missions are very susceptible to
heating problems, and once a
mission has boiled its oil, that
transovertrans·
oil is
virtually useless from then on and
should be changed almost immediately. It is of interest to note that the
US Army has chosen to go almost com-
pletely automatic through their entire
range of multi·wheel·drive vehicles, and
this was as a result of extensive field
testing. Once again, Perentie tests will
tell much.
The Jeep J 10 is currently imported
fully built-up from the USA, and it is
most likely that they would look seriously at C.K.D. should they gain the
army business in order to increase their
AlP level.
The Mercedes-Benz line-up: already in use
by NATO Forces, these all-terrain, 4WD
vehicles ore designed for future generation
warfare, and rank amongst the world's best.
UNIMOG U 1300
The Unimog U 1300 will, to the lay-
man, appear to be almost identical to
the UL1700 already in service with the
army in their 4·tonne class. It will have
the same cabin, same design and similar
dimensions (but with a lighter con·
struction chassis), the sama· engine
(though down-rated through removal of
the
turbocharger),
transmission and
transfer case. The U 1300 will have
lighter capacity front and rear axles to
the UL1700 and lower profile tyres, so
it will sit a little lower on the ground
but, apart from that, one could be
forgiven for not being able to tell the
difference.
Comparing the Unimog U 1300 to
the Land Rover 110 6 x 6 is like comparing an elephant with an ox. Through
sheer physical size and tare weight, it is
almost twice the size of the Land
Rover. Whether or not it is twice the
vehicle, remains to be seen. One thing is
sure, it will be almost twice the price,
initially.
The Unimog U 1300 is in service
with the German Army in almost
identical spe.cification to that offered
to
the
Australian Army. The New
Land Rover 110 slx-wheel-drive developed
by JRA Engineering on behalf of Land Rover
(UK) Limired which sers rhe test parameters
and provides the funds and speciol design
assisrance.
Jeep J10: rough, tough, and 0 legend from the
sands of Iwo jima, thIs 4.2·lItre automatic
4IVD has lots of grunt. The low range 2.62:1
and 83.5 kW or 3,000 rpm should really
turn the army boys on.
the Malaysian Army. Jeep claim that
these units are proving very successful
and that they expect to receive an order
from the Malaysian Army perhaps even
before this article goes to press.
Whereas the AM 10 may be new,
AM
General's
experience
with
the
military is not. They supply approximately 80% of the multi-wheel-drive
vehicles used by the world's most
mobile forces, the US Armed Forces.
They recently won a contract to supply 4,500 1.25-tonne special purpose
low silhouette vehicles to the US
Army.
Jeep would seem to be odd man out
92
BUSHDRIVER
Zealand Army recently chose the
UL 1700 for their 4·tonne class, and the
Benz 20/28 for their 8·tonne class.
THE LAND ROVER 110/6X6
Designated a 6 x 6, the Land Rover is
e
J
7
not a 6 x 6 on highway operation.
On highway operation it is actually a
6 x 4 with a lazy 3rd axle. The front
and forward
bogie axle are full-time
four wheel drive, and the 3rd axle is
engaged for off·highway operation by
means of a vacuum control valve. The
drive is taken from the auxiliary outlet
of the transfer case, and the drive shaft
passes over the forward axle and down
to the rear axle.
The 110 6 x 6's chassis has been
completely redesigned to provide two
longer wheelbases and to accommodate
f
J
the load-sharing four-spring rear suspension and rocker beam assembly.
It's a combination that we will eagerly await the opportunity to test as four
spring suspensions are not normally
recommended
for off·highway appli·
cation in heavy transport. vehicles, ow-
ing to their lack of suspension travel.
The Landrover 110 6 x 6 is a newly
developed vehicle and is not currently
commercially available, hence not in
service with any military organisations.
If it stands the pace and proves its
worth, it could fill a void that has been
left in the market·place for a light tare
weight two to three·tonne 4 x 4 vehicle.
The trials associated with Project
Perentie should be of .interest to all
keen fourwheelers. Not only to keep
track of how the army is spending our
tax dollar, but also because of the
opportunity it gives us to gain more
insight into the worth of some of the
vehicles currently available in the
market place. Future information will
be of benefit to anyone contemplating
buying one of these models.
As the trials progress, we will en·
deavour to keep you informed with as
much information as we can gain. As
manufacturers make these vehicles available to us, we will be conducting our
own evaluation tests. Many
these
vehicles will, of course, have been
already tested, and the results already
published in previous issues of BUSH·
DRIVER Magazine. It will be interest·
ing to learn how much these differ, if
any, from what is commercially available to you and me. So keep tuned to
future issues of BUSHDRIVER to keep
informed on how the Perentie Mystery
unfolds.
And 50, to the army's four wheelers
involved in Project Perentie, we say:
"May 'The Force' be with you, and may
you find safety and contentment deep
within the bowels of your figurative
Perentie lizards."
,.
of
CLASS ONE
VEHICLES OFFERED
Vehicle Make
Wheelbase
Track
Front
Rear
Turning Circle
G.V.M.
Engine Make
Type
Capacity
Gross Power
Gross Torque
Transmission
Make
Axle Ratio
T/C Ratio H
T/C Ratio L
Drive Type
Front SuspenSion
Rear Suspension
Steering Box
Brakes
Front
Rear
Tyre Size
Tyre Type
Land Rover 110
2795 mm
Benz 300D
2850 mm
/eepAMIO
3043 mm
1425 mm
1425 mm
12.9m
3025 kg
Benz OM 617
Isuzu
5-eyl. Diesel
4-eyl. Diesel
2998 cc
3856 cc
72 kW@3200rpm 65kW
Nm@2oo0
172Nm@2400
Manual 4 speed
Manual 4 speed
Benz
Land Rover
4.9:1
3.54:1
1:1
1:1
3.32:1
2.14:1
Port time
Fuil time 4 x 4
Coil Spring
Coil Spring
Coil Spring
Coil Spring
Power Steering
Manual
1540 mm
1480 mm
13.1 m
3035 kg
AMCUSA
6-cyl Petrol
4200 cc
83.5 kW @ 3000
271Nm@1600
Automatic 3 speed
Chrysler 727
4.09:1
1:1
2.62:1
Port time 2 or 4
LeafSpring
LeafSpring
Power Steering
298 mm Disc
279 mm Drum
7.50R16x 10 Ply
Steel Radial
301.2 Disc
279 mm Drum
7.50R16x 10 Ply
Steel Radial
1486 mm
1486 mm
14.5m
3060 kg
Disc
Drum
205R 16 Mlchelin
Steel Radial
CLASS TWO
VEHICLES OFFERED
Vehicle Make
Wheelbase
Track
Front
Rear
Turning arcle
G.V.M.
Engine Make
Engine Type
Copaclly
Gross Power
Gross Torque
Transmission
Make
Axle Ratio
T/C Ratio H
T/C Ratio L
Drive Type
Front Suspension
Rear Suspension
Steering Box
Brakes
Front
Roor
Engine Broke
Tyre Size
Mereedes Unlmog
U 1300
3250 mm
Land Rover 110
6x6
3040 mm or 3940 mm
1860 mm
1860 mm
15.8 m
7140 kg
Benz OM 353-939
6 cyl. Diesel
5675 cc
96 k W @ 2800 rpm
520Nm@l600rpm
8-speed Manual
Daimler-Benz
6.38:1 Hub Reduction
1:1
Nil
Part-time Dog Clutch
front enga~ment
Coil Spring
Col/Spring
Po....". Assist
1486 mm
1660 mm
15.9 m
4400 kg or 5500 kg
Isuzu
6 cyl. Diesel
3856 cc
72kW@32oorpm
255 Nm @ 1900 rpm
4-speed Manual
Land Rover
3.54:1 or 4.70:1
1.34:1 or 1:1
3.32:1
Full·tlme 4 x 4 Vacuum
engage 3rd axle
Col/Spring
4-Sprlng Leaf
Variable Ratio Power
Disc AIr/Hydr.
Disc AIr/Hydr.
Exhaust Butterfly
12.50R20 Mlche/ln
298 mm Disc
279 mm Drum
NI/
7.50R16xl0 ply
steel rodlal
BUSHDRIVER
93