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GVHBA Ventilation - Building Science Corporation
GVHBA Ventilation May 10, 2016 Joseph Lstiburek, Ph.D, P.Eng, ASHRAE Fellow Building Science Adventures In Building Science www.buildingscience.com Build Tight - Ventilate Right Building Science Corporation Lstiburek Joseph Lstiburek 2 © buildingscience.com 1 of 53 GVHBA Ventilation May 10, 2016 Build Tight - Ventilate Right How Tight? What’s Right? Building Science Corporation Joseph Lstiburek 3 Air Barrier Metrics Material 0.02 l/(s-m2)@75 Pa Assembly 0.20 l/(s-m2)@75 Pa Enclosure 2.00 l/(s-m2)@75 Pa Building Science Corporation Lstiburek Joseph Lstiburek 4 © buildingscience.com 2 of 53 GVHBA Ventilation May 10, 2016 Getting rid of big holes 3 ach@50 Getting rid of smaller holes 1.5 ach@50 Getting German 0.6 ach@50 Building Science Corporation Joseph Lstiburek 5 Best As Tight as Possible - with Balanced Ventilation Energy Recovery Distribution and Mixing Source Control - Spot exhaust ventilation Filtration Material selection Building Science Corporation Lstiburek Joseph Lstiburek 6 © buildingscience.com 3 of 53 GVHBA Ventilation May 10, 2016 Worst Leaky - with – Nothing Spot Ventilation in Bathroom/Kitchen Exhaust Ventilation – with – No Distribution and No Mixing Building Science Corporation Joseph Lstiburek 7 Three Types of Controlled Ventilation Systems Exhaust Ventilation Supply Ventilation Balanced Ventilation Building Science Corporation Lstiburek Joseph Lstiburek 8 © buildingscience.com 4 of 53 GVHBA Ventilation Building Science Corporation Joseph Lstiburek 9 Building Science Corporation Lstiburek May 10, 2016 Joseph Lstiburek 10 © buildingscience.com 5 of 53 GVHBA Ventilation Building Science Corporation Joseph Lstiburek 11 Building Science Corporation Lstiburek May 10, 2016 Joseph Lstiburek 12 © buildingscience.com 6 of 53 GVHBA Ventilation Building Science Corporation Joseph Lstiburek 13 Building Science Corporation Lstiburek May 10, 2016 Joseph Lstiburek 14 © buildingscience.com 7 of 53 GVHBA Ventilation Building Science Corporation Joseph Lstiburek 15 Building Science Corporation Lstiburek May 10, 2016 Joseph Lstiburek 16 © buildingscience.com 8 of 53 GVHBA Ventilation Building Science Corporation May 10, 2016 Joseph Lstiburek 17 Ventilation Rates Are Based on Odor Control Building Science Corporation Lstiburek Joseph Lstiburek 18 © buildingscience.com 9 of 53 GVHBA Ventilation May 10, 2016 Ventilation Rates Are Based on Odor Control Health Science Basis for Ventilation Rates is Extremely Limited Building Science Corporation Joseph Lstiburek 19 Ventilation Rates Are Based on Odor Control Health Science Basis for Ventilation Rates is Extremely Limited Almost Nothing Cited Applies to Housing Building Science Corporation Lstiburek Joseph Lstiburek 20 © buildingscience.com 10 of 53 GVHBA Ventilation May 10, 2016 Ventilation Rates Are Based on Odor Control Health Science Basis for Ventilation Rates is Extremely Limited Almost Nothing Cited Applies to Housing The Applicable Studies Focus on Dampness Building Science Corporation Joseph Lstiburek 21 Building Science Corporation Lstiburek Joseph Lstiburek 22 © buildingscience.com 11 of 53 GVHBA Ventilation Building Science Corporation May 10, 2016 Joseph Lstiburek 23 House 2,000 ft2 3 bedrooms 8 ft. ceiling Volume: 16,000 ft3 .35 ach .30 ach .25 ach .20 ach .15 ach 93 cfm 80 cfm 67 cfm 53 cfm 40 cfm Building Science Corporation Lstiburek Joseph Lstiburek 24 © buildingscience.com 12 of 53 GVHBA Ventilation May 10, 2016 House 2,000 ft2 3 bedrooms 8 ft. ceiling Volume: 16,000 ft3 .35 ach .30 ach .25 ach .20 ach .15 ach Ventilation Rates 62 - 73 5 cfm/person 20 cfm 10 cfm/person 40 cfm 62 - 89 15 cfm/person 60 cfm .35 ach 90 cfm 62.2 - 2010 7.5 cfm/person 50 cfm + 0.01 62.2 - 2013 7.5 cfm/person 90 cfm + 0.03 93 cfm 80 cfm 67 cfm 53 cfm 40 cfm Building Science Corporation Joseph Lstiburek 25 Office Occupant Density 15/1000 ft2 (67 ft2/person) 15 cfm/person 62 - 89 5/1000 ft2 (200 ft2/person) 17 cfm/person 62.1 - 2007 Correctional Facility Cell Occupant Density 20/1000 ft2 (48 ft2/person) 10 cfm/person Lstiburek © buildingscience.com 62.1 – 2007 13 of 53 GVHBA Ventilation May 10, 2016 C.P. Yaglou Harvard School of Public Health 1936 1955 150 ft3 20 cfm/person 300 ft3 12 cfm/person C.P. Yaglou Harvard School of Public Health 1936 1955 150 ft3 20 cfm/person 18.75 ft2 106 occupants 300 ft3 12 cfm/person 37.5 ft2 53 occupants Experiment Lstiburek 470 ft3 59 ft2 200 ft3 25 ft2 100 ft3 12 ft2 © buildingscience.com 14 of 53 GVHBA Ventilation Building Science Corporation May 10, 2016 Joseph Lstiburek 29 Aubin, D., Won, D.Y., Schleibinger, H., 2010 Building Science Corporation Lstiburek Joseph Lstiburek 30 © buildingscience.com 15 of 53 GVHBA Ventilation Building Science Corporation May 10, 2016 Joseph Lstiburek 31 ASHRAE Standard 62.2 calls for 7.5 cfm per person plus 0.03 cfm per square foot of conditioned area Occupancy is deemed to be the number of bedrooms plus one Building Science Corporation Lstiburek Joseph Lstiburek 32 © buildingscience.com 16 of 53 GVHBA Ventilation May 10, 2016 ASHRAE Standard 62.2 calls for 7.5 cfm per person plus 0.03 cfm per square foot of conditioned area Occupancy is deemed to be the number of bedrooms plus one Outcome is often bad – part load humidity problems, dryness problems, energy problems Building Science Corporation Joseph Lstiburek 33 IRC 2015 and 2018 calls for 7.5 cfm per person plus 0.01 cfm per square foot of conditioned area Occupancy is deemed to be the number of bedrooms plus one Building Science Corporation Lstiburek Joseph Lstiburek 34 © buildingscience.com 17 of 53 GVHBA Ventilation May 10, 2016 3 Bedroom House – 2,500 ft2 30 cfm plus 75 cfm 105 cfm Building Science Corporation Joseph Lstiburek 35 3 Bedroom House – 2,500 ft2 30 cfm plus 25 cfm 55 cfm Building Science Corporation Lstiburek Joseph Lstiburek 36 © buildingscience.com 18 of 53 GVHBA Ventilation May 10, 2016 The Cult of The Blower Door Building Science Corporation Joseph Lstiburek 37 Building Science Corporation Lstiburek Joseph Lstiburek 38 © buildingscience.com 19 of 53 GVHBA Ventilation May 10, 2016 Blower Door Can’t Get You The True ACH On A Short Term Basis – Hour, Day, Week Building Science Corporation Joseph Lstiburek 39 Don’t Know Where The Holes Are Don’t Know The Type of Holes Don’t Know The Pressure Across The Holes Building Science Corporation Lstiburek Joseph Lstiburek 40 © buildingscience.com 20 of 53 GVHBA Ventilation May 10, 2016 Dilution Is Not The Solution To Indoor Pollution Source Control Building Science Corporation Joseph Lstiburek 41 Dilution For People Source Control For The Building Building Science Corporation Lstiburek Joseph Lstiburek 42 © buildingscience.com 21 of 53 GVHBA Ventilation Building Science Corporation May 10, 2016 Joseph Lstiburek 43 Recommended Range of Relative Humidity Above 25 percent during winter Below 70 percent during summer Lstiburek © buildingscience.com 22 of 53 GVHBA Ventilation Building Science Corporation Joseph Lstiburek – HVAC 45 Building Science Corporation Lstiburek May 10, 2016 Joseph Lstiburek – HVAC 46 © buildingscience.com 23 of 53 GVHBA Ventilation Building Science Corporation Building Science Corporation Lstiburek © buildingscience.com May 10, 2016 Joseph Lstiburek 47 Joseph Lstiburek 48 24 of 53 GVHBA Ventilation Building Science Corporation Building Science Corporation Lstiburek © buildingscience.com May 10, 2016 Joseph Lstiburek 49 Joseph Lstiburek 50 25 of 53 GVHBA Ventilation Building Science Corporation Building Science Corporation Lstiburek © buildingscience.com May 10, 2016 Joseph Lstiburek 51 Joseph Lstiburek 52 26 of 53 GVHBA Ventilation Building Science Corporation Building Science Corporation Lstiburek © buildingscience.com May 10, 2016 Joseph Lstiburek 53 Joseph Lstiburek 54 27 of 53 GVHBA Ventilation Building Science Corporation Building Science Corporation Lstiburek © buildingscience.com May 10, 2016 Joseph Lstiburek 55 Joseph Lstiburek 56 28 of 53 GVHBA Ventilation Building Science Corporation Building Science Corporation Lstiburek © buildingscience.com May 10, 2016 Joseph Lstiburek 57 Joseph Lstiburek 58 29 of 53 GVHBA Ventilation Building Science Corporation Building Science Corporation Lstiburek © buildingscience.com May 10, 2016 Joseph Lstiburek 59 Joseph Lstiburek 60 30 of 53 GVHBA Ventilation Building Science Corporation May 10, 2016 Joseph Lstiburek 61 Kitchen Exhaust Hoods Building Science Corporation Lstiburek Joseph Lstiburek 62 © buildingscience.com 31 of 53 GVHBA Ventilation Building Science Corporation Joseph Lstiburek 63 Building Science Corporation Lstiburek May 10, 2016 Joseph Lstiburek © buildingscience.com 64 32 of 53 GVHBA Ventilation Building Science Corporation Joseph Lstiburek 65 Building Science Corporation Lstiburek May 10, 2016 Joseph Lstiburek 66 © buildingscience.com 33 of 53 GVHBA Ventilation Building Science Corporation Joseph Lstiburek 67 Building Science Corporation Lstiburek May 10, 2016 Joseph Lstiburek 68 © buildingscience.com 34 of 53 GVHBA Ventilation Building Science Corporation Joseph Lstiburek 69 Building Science Corporation Lstiburek May 10, 2016 Joseph Lstiburek 70 © buildingscience.com 35 of 53 GVHBA Ventilation Building Science Corporation May 10, 2016 Joseph Lstiburek 71 Clothes Dryers Building Science Corporation Lstiburek Joseph Lstiburek 72 © buildingscience.com 36 of 53 GVHBA Ventilation Building Science Corporation Joseph Lstiburek 73 Building Science Corporation Lstiburek May 10, 2016 Joseph Lstiburek 74 © buildingscience.com 37 of 53 GVHBA Ventilation May 10, 2016 Fireplaces Building Science Corporation Joseph Lstiburek 75 Building Science Corporation Lstiburek Joseph Lstiburek 76 © buildingscience.com 38 of 53 GVHBA Ventilation Building Science Corporation Building Science Corporation Lstiburek © buildingscience.com May 10, 2016 Joseph Lstiburek 77 Joseph Lstiburek 78 39 of 53 GVHBA Ventilation May 10, 2016 Approaches Building Science Corporation Joseph Lstiburek 79 Building Science Corporation Lstiburek Joseph Lstiburek 80 © buildingscience.com 40 of 53 GVHBA Ventilation Building Science Corporation Joseph Lstiburek 81 Building Science Corporation Lstiburek May 10, 2016 Joseph Lstiburek 82 © buildingscience.com 41 of 53 GVHBA Ventilation Building Science Corporation Joseph Lstiburek 83 Building Science Corporation Lstiburek May 10, 2016 Joseph Lstiburek 84 © buildingscience.com 42 of 53 GVHBA Ventilation Building Science Corporation Joseph Lstiburek 85 Building Science Corporation Lstiburek May 10, 2016 Joseph Lstiburek 86 © buildingscience.com 43 of 53 GVHBA Ventilation Building Science Corporation Joseph Lstiburek 87 Building Science Corporation Lstiburek May 10, 2016 Joseph Lstiburek 88 © buildingscience.com 44 of 53 GVHBA Ventilation Building Science Corporation Joseph Lstiburek 89 Building Science Corporation Lstiburek May 10, 2016 Joseph Lstiburek 90 © buildingscience.com 45 of 53 GVHBA Ventilation Building Science Corporation Joseph Lstiburek 91 Building Science Corporation Lstiburek May 10, 2016 Joseph Lstiburek © buildingscience.com 92 46 of 53 GVHBA Ventilation Building Science Corporation Joseph Lstiburek 93 Building Science Corporation Lstiburek May 10, 2016 Joseph Lstiburek 94 © buildingscience.com 47 of 53 GVHBA Ventilation Building Science Corporation Joseph Lstiburek 95 Building Science Corporation Lstiburek May 10, 2016 Joseph Lstiburek 96 © buildingscience.com 48 of 53 GVHBA Ventilation Building Science Corporation Joseph Lstiburek 97 Building Science Corporation Lstiburek May 10, 2016 Joseph Lstiburek 98 © buildingscience.com 49 of 53 GVHBA Ventilation Building Science Corporation Joseph Lstiburek 99 Building Science Corporation Lstiburek May 10, 2016 Joseph Lstiburek 100 © buildingscience.com 50 of 53 GVHBA Ventilation Building Science Corporation Joseph Lstiburek 101 Building Science Corporation Lstiburek May 10, 2016 Joseph Lstiburek 102 © buildingscience.com 51 of 53 GVHBA Ventilation Building Science Corporation Joseph Lstiburek 103 Building Science Corporation Lstiburek May 10, 2016 Joseph Lstiburek 104 © buildingscience.com 52 of 53 GVHBA Ventilation Building Science Corporation Joseph Lstiburek 105 Building Science Corporation Lstiburek May 10, 2016 Joseph Lstiburek 106 © buildingscience.com 53 of 53