Centro de Estudios Interdisciplinarios Básicos y Aplicados en

COMPLEJIDAD
Introduction
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Centro de Estudios
Interdisciplinarios Básicos
y Aplicados en Complejidad
CeiBA-Complejidad
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Perspectives
Creating a Center of Excellence in
Complex-Systems Research for
Colombia
COMPLEJIDAD
introduction
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COMPLEJIDAD
introduction
Whence ?
Why?
How?
What ?
Who?
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COMPLEJIDAD
Some history
introduction
Whence ?
Why?
How?
What ?
Who?
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Since 2004 Colciencias is realizing a program for the creation of
centers of excellence in research. This initiative has been made
possible by national resources and loans by international institutions.
Following a strategic program, the following centers have been
implemented till now:
• New materials
• Biotechnology
• Tropical diseases
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• Environment
• Culture and institutions
COMPLEJIDAD
introduction
Whence ?
Why?
How?
What ?
Who?
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Why create a center on
complexity in Colombia?
As complexity science develops, its focus is shifting from fundamental
questions towards more specific and more applied problems, and its
range extends towards ever larger and ever smaller scales, thus
opening new opportunities for research and innovation in the field.
A host of problems specific to tropical developing countries require
approaches based on complexity in order to be solved in a sustainable
manner.
Studies in complexity are essentially theoretical in character and
therefore easier to finance than any experimentally oriented research.
COMPLEJIDAD
introduction
Whence ?
Why?
How?
Why create a center on
complexity in Colombia?
What ?
Who?
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There is an incipient community in Colombia working on complexity,
with fresh enthusiasm but lacking a forum to bundle, coordinate, and
concentrate these diverse efforts.
Colombia already has a leading position within the Andean and
Caribbean regions in research and higher education and therefore
suggests itself as a strategic site for a center with regional impact.
COMPLEJIDAD
How?
introduction
Whence ?
Why?
How?
What ?
Some existing institutions that serve as models for our center:
• Santa Fe Institute (SFI), New Mexico, USA
Who?
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• Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems
(MPIPKS), Dresden, Germany
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• Brazilian Center for Research in Physics (CBPF), Rio de Janeiro,
Brazil
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However, our endeavor is different in some important aspects.
• Broad interdisciplinary spectrum of research subjects
• Dedication to problems specific for tropical regions / developing
countries
• Emphasis on applications and consulting
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COMPLEJIDAD
How?
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Whence ?
Why?
How?
What ?
In view of the large number of research groups and their broad thematic
spectrum, the center will have a tree structure comprising three levels,
the central level, five thematically defined domains -
Who?
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natural and artificial nanosystems
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technology and industrial processes
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biological systems, ecosystems, and
biologically-inspired systems
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terrestrial, atmospheric, and oceanic processes
in interaction with ecosystems
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socio-economic systems
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and the 25 individual research groups.
COMPLEJIDAD
introduction
How?
Administrative structure:
Whence ?
Why?
How?
Board of Directors
What ?
Who?
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Administration
Academic
Committee
Director
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Operational Committee
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COMPLEJIDAD
Who?
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Whence ?
Why?
How?
Who?
What ?
The center will be operated as a joint venture of the following
institutions (all in Bogota):
• 45% Universidad Nacional de Colombia (UNAL), public
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• 45% Universidad de los Andes (UniAndes), private
• 5%
Pontificia Universidad Javeriana (PUJ), confessional
• 5%
Universidad del Rosario (URosario), confessional
Percentages refer to the number of participating groups as well as to
the share in the budget.
COMPLEJIDAD
What?
introduction
Whence ?
Why?
How?
Who?
What ?
The five-year budget of the center will amount to approximately:
• USD 1.7 millions from Colciencias
• USD 1.7 millions from participating institutions
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It will be dedicated principally to:
• 50 % PhD / postdoctoral fellowships
• 15 % events (conferences, summer schools …)
and visitors program
• 15 % equipment and infrastructure
• 20 % administration and maintenance
COMPLEJIDAD
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Genus: ceiba
COMPLEJIDAD
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the domain
groups
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publications
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COMPLEJIDAD
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What is “nonlinear nanoscience”?
Some constituent features:
the domain
groups
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Dynamical complexity
nonlinear dynamics, multistability, bifurcations, chaos, strange attractors,
structural stability
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Quantum effects
entanglement, nonlocality, tunneling, localization
•
Stochasticity
thermal fluctuations, Brownian motion, random forces
•
Many-body effects
decoherence, dissipation, energy-conversion cascades, collective modes
•
Non-equilibrium thermodynamics
directed transport, structure formation, energy and information flows,
dynamical equilibrium, life
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COMPLEJIDAD
introduction
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Complex dynamics in nanosystems
Schematic structure
Mechanical model of F1-ATPase
the domain
groups
Proton Tunnelling:
quantum effect
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Collective Modes:
many-body effect
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Chemical Bonding:
quantum effect
Multistability:
nonlinear dynamics
Mechano-Chemical Cycle
Simulation Data
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Driving Chemical Reaction-Catalysis:
non-equilibrium thermodynamics
Fluctuating Force:
stochasticity
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Participating
groups and their
contribution
the domain
groups
publications
Simulation of Physical Systems
(UNAL)
J.D. Muñoz
Chaos and Complexity (UNAL)
T. Dittrich
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Quantum Optics and
Information (UNAL)
K.M. Fonseca
Theoretical Chemistry (UNAL)
E. Daza
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Q. Mech. and Physics of
Information (UANDES)
A. Botero
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Theoretical Chemistry
(UVALLE)
J.C. Arce
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Atomic and Molecular Physics
(UDEA)
J. Mahecha
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COMPLEJIDAD
COMPLEJIDAD
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the domain
groups
publications
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COMPLEJIDAD
introduction
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why complexity?
applications
groups
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publications
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COMPLEJIDAD
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Materials and processes of industrial and technical
interest:
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why complexity?
• Granular media
applications
groups
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• Chemical processes
• Electronic systems and natural computation
• Operations research and operations management
COMPLEJIDAD
introduction
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Why are they complex?
Some constituent features:
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Multiscale hierarchies
Micro-macro descriptions, structure formation, fractal structures,
collective behaviours
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Nonlinear interactions
Nonlinear dynamics, bifurcations, chaos
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Nontrivial statistics
Phase transitions and power laws, stochasticity
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Nonequilibrium thermodynamics
SOC, irreversible processes, dissipation, energy flows, dynamical
equilibrium
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Hierarchical and combinatorial structure
NP Problems, nonlinear dynamics, network modelling
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why complexity?
applications
groups
publications
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COMPLEJIDAD
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Soils
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Concrete
Corrosion
Micromechanics
Gelation
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Non-linear
dynamics
Multiscale
hierarchies
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applications
groups
publications
Constitutive Equations
Anomalous Diffusion
Dissipation
Structures
and Fractals
Grains
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SOC
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Ratcheting
perspectives
Avalanches (GAIA)
Collective
Behavior
Leidenfrost
M
ol
introduction
Participating groups and
their contributions
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COMPLEJIDAD
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Simulation of Physical Systems (UNALBogotá)
J.D. Muñoz
Structures and Geothechnics (UNIANDES)
A. Lizcano
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applications
groups
publications
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PCI (UNAL-Manizales)
F. Angulo (G. Olivart)
TESO (UNIANDES)
L. Pinzon (R. Zarama)
Production and Logistics -PYLO (UNIANDES)
J.F. Torres
Optimization and Applied Probability –COPA
(UNIANDES)
A.L. Medaglia
LISI (UNAL-Bogotá)
F. González
GIES (UNAL-Bogotá)
K.P. Takeuchi
Calorimetry and Therm. of Irreversible Proc.
(UNAL-Bogotá)
D. Barragán
Complex Particle Systems (UMNG)
W.J. Vargas
COMPLEJIDAD
introduction
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why complexity?
applications
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COMPLEJIDAD
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biocomplexity
groups
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COMPLEJIDAD
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The human body as a complex system
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biocomplexity
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The human body is a structural and dynamical hierarchy of quasiautonomous agents and systems:
Structural hierarchy:
• Physical objects
(quantum & classical)
• Cells
• Tissues
• Organs
• Physiological systems
Dynamical hierarchy:
•
•
•
•
Genome
Proteome
Metabolome
Physiome
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Participating groups
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Member groups:
• Biomedical Engineering Group, Universidad de Los
Andes
• Animal-plant interactions, Universidad Nacional
biocomplexity
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Adjoint groups:
• Fundación Cardio Infantil
• Dental Research Center, Universidad Javeriana
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biocomplexity
groups
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domain
modeling cap.
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COMPLEJIDAD
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Study of terrestrial, oceanic, and atmospheric processes and the
interaction between different ecosystems with emphasis on:
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domain
modeling cap.
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non-trivial dynamics
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multiscale hierarchies
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large fluctuations
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Modeling capabilities
The group of researchers involved in GAIA includes modeling experts
working in fundamental and applied disciplines as diverse as air
quality, vehicle emissions, atmospheric processes, hydrology,
hydraulics, hydrogeology, fluid mechanics, hydrodynamics, water
quality, Geophysics and geology.
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domain
modeling cap.
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Previous relevant experience
•
Bogotá's air quality model (Uniandes).
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Fractal and multi-fractal characterization of Colombian river
basins (PUJ).
•
Atmospheric mesoscale modeling and projection of climate
change scenarios (UNAL).
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domain
modeling cap.
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COMPLEJIDAD
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social complexity
research topics
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COMPLEJIDAD
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Complexity in social sciences and macroeconomy
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nonlinearities, feed-backs and nontrivial delays, far
from stationary or equilibrium conditions
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non-homogeneous connectivity networks and
modular structural arrangements
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non-trivial statistical properties
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emergent organizations
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multiscale hierarchies
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system robustness
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social compl.
research topics
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Research topics
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social compl.
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Socio-economic development
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Crime and justice
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Public-policy design
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Public goods and collective action
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Social networks
•
Interrelations between these five topics
research topics
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social compl.
research topics
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COMPLEJIDAD
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Hopes
• Achieve regional leadership in complexity science
• Attract visitors and students from all over the world, in particular from
developing countries
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• Provide a model for academic quality within Colombia
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• Integrate Colombia in the international complex-systems community
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Threats
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• Disintegration of the five domains
perspectives
• Infection by mediocrity
• Loss of creative vigor, dominance of routine