2007 Dartmouth Master Plan

Transcription

Slocums and Little Rivers
Photo:
Southeastern Regional Planning and Economic Development District
88 Broadway, Taunton, MA. 02780
Phone: (508) 824-1367
Fax: (508) 823-1803
Principal Authors:
Assistant Professor Marijoan Bull, AICP
Adam Recchia, Transportation Planner
Other SRPEDD Contributors:
Greg Guimond, Comprehensive Planning Program Manager
Don Sullivan, Economic Development/ Community Development Director
Karen Porter, GIS Specialist / IT Manager
James C. Hadfield, Director of Highway Planning
Josephina F. Reynes, Data Center Specialist
Nancy Durfee, Comprehensive Planner
Sandy Conaty, Senior Comprehensive Planner
Dartmouth Planning Department:
Donald Perry, AICP, Planning Director
Joyce Couture, Planning Aide
Elizabeth Smith-Bochman, Principal Clerk
Planning Board:
Lorri Ann Miller, Chairperson
John P. Haran
John V. Sousa
Joseph E. Toomey Jr.
Arthur Larrivee
Kathleen DelSordo, Alternate Member
Select Board:
Kathleen Horan McLean, Chairperson
Robert Carney
Nathalie Dias
Diane Gilbert
Joseph Michaud
Michael J. Gagné, Executive Administrator
Other Dartmouth Officials
Dr. Stephen Russell, Superintendent of Schools
Denise Medeiros, Director of Public Libraries
David Hickox, PE, Director of Public Works
Steven Melo, Dartmouth Harbormaster
District #1 Fire Chief John Alcaidinho
District #1 Deputy Fire Chief Rick Ferreira
District #2 Fire Chief Tim Andre
District #3 Fire Chief Richard Arruda
Scott Soares, Massachusetts Aquaculture Program
Master Plan Committee:
Rahim Aghai
Joel Avila , Land Use Subcommittee Chair
Harry Baggen
Gloria Bancroft
Michael R. Banville
Terri Bernert
David Brownell
Sally Brownell
Theresa Brum
Russ Carey
MaryLou Clarke
Marcia Cornell-Glynn
Tim Cusson
Fred Dabney
Gail Davidson
MaryEllen DeFrias, Services & Facilities Subcommittee Chair
Linda DesRoches
Greg Edgcomb
Nancy Fjeldheim
John Garfield
Natalie Garfield
Tom Gidwitz, Transportation & Circulation Subcommittee Chair
Diane Gilbert
Robert Gilstein
Susan Guiducci
Elton Hall
Jennifer Hall
Melissa Haskell
Kirk Hellmuth
Wendy Henderson
Debra Joseph
Michele Keith
Beverly King
Gerard Koot
Robert Long
Jeffrey Lunn
Suzanne McGuire
Mark Medeiros
Denise Medeiros
John J. Meldon
Robert Michaud
MaryEllen Moore
Martha Munro
Maureen Murray, Economic Development Subcommittee Chair
William O’Connor
Beth Pollin
Haven Roosevelt
Carey Russ
Sandra Ryack-Bell
Joseph Richard Sciuto
Dolly Sharek
Doreen Tetreault
Joan Underwood
Rudi Van Der Schoot
Page
Executive Summary
1.
2.
3.
1
Introduction:
1.1
Background (Citizen Workshop)
1.2
Summary of Planning Documents
1.3
Regional Context
1.4
Historical Outline
1.5
Natural Resources
1-1
1-4
1-6
1-6
1-8
Land Use:
2.1
Land Use
2.2
Zoning and Other Regulations
2.3
Growth 1990 – 2000
2.4
Permits and Development Approvals 1990-2000
2.5
Projected Growth
2.6
Growth Trends and Challenges
2-1
2-4
2-11
2-14
2-16
2-17
Housing:
(Inclusion of the 2005 Affordable Housing Strategy)
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.9
3.10
4.
Introduction
Housing Needs Assessment
Housing Units
The Housing Market
Housing Costs and Affordability
Existing Subsidized Housing
Proposed Affordable Housing
Housing Need
Zoning
Hosing Need
Economic Development:
4.1
Introduction
4.2
Labor Force and Employers
4.3
Commercial Space
4.4
Employment Base
4.5
Regional Role
4.6
Tax Base
4.7
Competitive Regional Position
Dartmouth Master Plan
Table of Contents
3 -1
3 -2
3 -8
3 -12
3 -15
3 -18
3 -21
3 -22
3 -26
3-27
4 -1
4 -1
4 -4
4 -5
4 -6
4 -8
4 -9
2007
5.
Open Space and Recreation:
(Inclusion of the following sections of the 2002 Open Space and Recreation Plan)
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
6.
7.
8.
Environmental Inventory and Analysis
Environmental Challenges
Analysis of Needs
Summary of community’s Needs
Management Needs, Potential Change of Use
5- 1
5 -40
5 -43
5 -49
5 -58
Services and Facilities:
6.1
Growth Projections
6.2
Libraries
6.3
Town Hall Facility
6.4
Public Works Facilities
6.5
Water System
6.6
Wastewater
6.7
Dartmouth Council on Aging
6.8
Police Department
6.9
Emergency Management Services
6.10 Ambulance Services
6.11 University of Massachusetts – Dartmouth
6.12 Dartmouth Public Schools
6.13 Fire Districts
6.14 Harbors and Waterways
6 -1
6 -1
6 -4
6 -4
6 -4
6 -6
6 -9
6 -10
6 -10
6 -10
6 -11
6 -12
6 -13
6 -14
Transportation and Circulation
7.1
Existing Infrastructure
7.2
Alternative Transportation Modes
7.3
Journey to Work
7.4
Scheduled Transportation Projects
7 -1
7 -16
7 -25
7 -28
Implementation Program
8.1
Vision Statement
8.2
Land Use Goals and Objectives
8.3
Housing Goals and Objectives
8.4
Economic Development Goals and Objectives
8.5
Open Space & Recreation Plan Goals and Objectives
8.6
Services and Facilities Goals and Objectives
8.7
Transportation & Circulation Goals and Objectives
8.8
Reported Public Facility Building Needs
8 -1
8-2
8 -9
8 -22
8 -26
8 -29
8 -32
8 -41
Table of Contents
2007
Executive Summary
A Master Plan is a community wide assessment of current conditions and a blue
print for the future. Constant changes in technology, energy, climate, security,
national and global economics all directly or indirectly modify our state, our region
and our community. Decisions are made every day that affect the character,
environment, infrastructure and economy of Dartmouth. Periodic review and update
of the Master Plan and corresponding revisions to a community’s zoning by-laws
allows a community to guide future growth and development in a manner that
matches the community’s Values and Goals.
COMMUNITY VALUES: OUR VISION FOR THE FUTURE
WE value the rural character of our Town. The farmland, coastal interface,
forests, wetlands, scenic vistas, and historic coastal and countryside village
centers all contribute to this shared appreciation. Progress should not diminish
or detract from the features that define the nature of our Town.
WE value the great natural beauty of our community. The inland waters, coastal
marshes, deciduous forests, meadows, and other natural areas, should be
adequately protected from encroachment and degradation related to
development.
Executive Summary
2007
1
WE value the quality of municipal services this community provides in particular
the schools and library system. Our local budget needs to be managed in a
manner to maintain the level of municipal services as we grow.
WE value traditional local industries with ties to our natural resources. Farming,
fishing and marine industries have long provided jobs for residents and rooted
the community in a harmonious relationship with the land and sea. These
industries should be supported—Dartmouth would not be the same without them.
WE value the civic involvement of residents. Our many Town Boards and
Commissions, volunteer Fire Departments, Representative Town Meeting, and
nonprofit interest groups, all work with the best interest of Dartmouth in mind.
The continued and lively participation of residents will lead to better choices.
WE value the small town feel that endures within a community that has gained
big town attractions. Attention must be paid to the delicate balance of these two
traits, with new development integrated in a manner that doesn’t sacrifice small
town connections.
WE value access to goods and services. Such convenience, however, should
not come at the cost of congestion, buildings that lack character, and intrusion
into residential areas. Growth in commercial areas should be well-managed and
meet high standards for safety, accessibility, compatibility, and aesthetics.
WE value the varied water resources that set this Town apart. The abundance of
fresh and saltwater bodies—beaches, rivers, streams, and ponds—provide clean
water for drinking and opportunities for recreation.
WE value our historical roots. Our heritage includes buildings and significant
natural features that link us across time and enrich our community. Preservation
of our historic built and natural landscape should be pursued.
WE value the diversity of experiences that are available within this Town and the
region of which it is a part. Dartmouth provides accessibility to academic,
cultural, recreational, commercial, and employment opportunities, all of which
add to our quality of life. We must reconcile our desire for such offerings with our
desire for the maintenance of a rural lifestyle.
The Master Plan is a guide to decision making for Town Meeting, the various Town
Boards, Commissions and Departments. While a Master Plan is required by State
Law (MGL Chapter 41, Section D), it is not a zoning by-law, a subdivision regulation,
a budget or a capital improvement program. It should be the basis for the
preparation of those documents. The following tables provide an implementation for
the actions identified through the plan.
Executive Summary
2007
2
Section
2~
Land Use
GOAL
1: Maintain the rural
character in the
undeveloped and
agricultural areas of
south and north
Dartmouth.
2: Preserve the
unique qualities of
Dartmouth's villages
and support these
areas as vital centers
within the Town.
1
OBJECTIVE
1. 'I Mandate ORSD *
RESPONSIBLE
PARTY
YEAR
RESOURCESI
COMMENTS
Planning Board
1-3
1.2 Prepare a reference map
of areas to preserve
Planning Board & Cons.
Comm. & Others
2-4
1.3 Educate on scenic roads
Planning Board & Historic
Commission
1-3
1.4 Explore scenic road
protections
Commission
2-4
2.1 Create Padanaram
Committee
Planning Board
2.2 Adopt village design
standards
Planning Board
2.3 Study off-street parking in
Village areas
Planning Board
2.4 Design a strategy for
Padanaram to capitalize on
tourists
Planning Board
2.5 Preserve non-conforming
uses in Russells Mills and
Hixville
Commission
2.6 Support improved mixed
use standards for Bliss
Corner
Planning Board
2.7 Use Scenic Road Status
to preserve rural character
Planning Board
2.8 Pursue walking
connections and trails in the
permitting process
Planning Board, Zoning
Board of Appeals & Con.
Comm.
2-4
Consultant to assist
Committee
2-4
Committee
2-4
Committee
2-4
Committee
2-5
2-5
2-5
On-going
OSRD=Open Space Residential Design
Executive Summary
2007
3
GOAL
3: Preserve Historical
Heritage in building,
development patterns,
and landscapes
4: Manage growth in
commercial areas to
achieve high
standards fir safety,
accessibility,
compatibility, and
aesthetics.
OBJECTIVE
*=Committee Priorities
RESPONSIBLE
PARTY
3.1 Provide Incentives to
rehab historic structures
Historic Commission
Comm. Preservation
Committee
3.2 Use Site Plan Review to
achieve appropriate design in
Smith Mills
Planning Board,
Historic Commission
3.3 Participate in Heritage
Landscape Program
Planning Board
3.4 Identify receiving sites for
building saved from
demolition
Historic Commission
Assessor Office
4.1 Allow Mixed-uses in GB2
District
Planning Board
4.2 Restrict Big Boxes to
Route 6 between Cross Road
and Faunce Corner Road *
Planning Board
4.3 Adopt Site Plan Review*
Planning Board
YEAR
RESOUCES/
COMMENTS
1-3
1-3
2-4
2-4
2-5
1-3
Will need study
1-3
4.4 Support locally owned
small businesses
4.5 Require off-site mitigation
contributions from major
projects
2
Economic
Development
Commission &
Planning Board
Planning Board
working with other
Boards &
Departments
4.6 Complete a traffic study of
Faunce Corner areas
Planning Board
4.7 Rezone Faunce Corner
area to buffer farms, cap
traffic generation, and
transition from office to
residential uses
4.8 Complete a traffic Study in
other problem areas
Planning Board
On-going
2-4
Use SRPEDD and UMASS
1-2
2-5
Planning Board
Will need study and data
generated from above traffic
report
Use SRPEDD and UMASS
2-5
GB=General Business
Executive Summary
2007
4
GOALS
OBJECTIVE
5: Use Available Tools to
Manage Growth
5.1 Do not extend the water or
sewer system beyond the
existing areas*
Board of Public
Works
5.2 Operate and Maintain the
Town’s GIS system3
Select Board
YEAR
RESPONSBILE
PARTY
RESOURCES/
COMMENTS
On-going
2-4
5.3 Enforce variance criteria to
minimize variances
Zoning Board of
Appeals
On-going
6: Promote Energy
efficiency in building
design and support
renewable energy.
6.1 Adopt a policy that new
municipal buildings are LEED
certified4
Select Board
6.2 Incorporate LEED
certification incentives into Tax
Increment Financing
agreements
Select Board
6.3 Promote energy efficiency
in Site Plan Review
Planning Board
1-3
1-3
2-5
3
4
6.4 Review local regulations to
identify obstacles to renewable
energy sources*
Alternative Energy
Committee &
Planning Board
6.5 Pursue all federal and
state grants available to the
Town for developing
alternative energy sources to
meet municipal needs
Alternative Energy
Committee & Select
Board
On-going
6.6 Establish 10 and 20 year
goals for renewable energy
use by municipal buildings
Alternative Energy
Committee & Select
Board
2-4
1-3
GIS=Geographic Information System
LEED=Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design /US Green Building
Executive Summary
2007
5
RESPONSIBLE
PARTY
GOAL
OBJECTIVE
*=Committee
Priorities
7: Support Agriculture in
Dartmouth
7.1 Replenish the
Agricultural Preservation
Trust
Town Meeting
7.2 Support the Town’s
Agricultural Commission
and SEMAP5
All Boards and
Departments
7.3 Institute a buy local
campaign and
school/farm connection
Ag Commission
7.4 Retain and recruit
farmers*
Ag Commission
8.1 Maintain the Aquifer
Protection Bylaw*
Planning Board
8.2 Improve maintenance
of stormwater filters and
retention areas
Planning Board &
Town Departments
9.1 Complete a Harbor
Management Plan *
Harbor Commission
8: Protect the Quality of
Water Resources
9: Promote Public
Access to the Shoreline,
Preserve Rec. Use of
Waterways, and Reg.
Off-shore activities
YEAR
RESOUCES/
COMMENTS
2-5
On-going
1-3
On-going
On-going
On-going
Funding needed
2-5
9.2 Inventory Public
Access Points
Harbor Commission
2-5
5
9.3 Promote public
access to the shoreline
through permitting
processes
Planning Board,
Zoning Board & Con.
Comm
9.4 Follow Ocean
Management Act and
Plan in order to protect
Dartmouth’s interest of
off-shore planning
9.5 Promote Aquaculture
Harbor Commission
& Planning Board
On-going
2-4
Harbor Commission,
Shellfish Warden,
Conservation
Commission and
Others
2-5
SEMAP=Southeastern Massachusetts Agricultural Partnership
Executive Summary
2007
6
GOAL
10: Work closely with
UMASS on plans for
University expansion
11: Expand Housing
Types
OBJECITVE
RESPONSIBLE
PARTY
10.1 Review the University’s
20-year plan and identify
issues to coordinate
Select Board &
Planning Board
10.2 Ensure that the Town is
involved in future decision
making.
Select Board
10.3 Establish a planning
committee to review the
relationship between the Town
and the University and
recommend ways to improve
communication/ coordination
Select Board
11.1 Adopt Inclusionary Zoning
Planning Board &
Select Board
YEAR
RESOUCES/
COMMENTS
1-3
On-going
1-3
1-4
11.2 Refine Mixed Use Zoning
to create diverse housing types
Planning Board
2-5
11.3 Combine housing saved
from demolition with available
land
Historic Commission
Comm. Pres
Committee
2-4
Executive Summary
2007
7
Section 3: Housing Goals
GOAL
1. Maintain and expand
affordable housing
stock
OBJECTIVE
3: Review and revise
Zoning By-laws, review
town owned land and
assist with friendly
comprehensive permits
RESPONSIBLE PARTY
Work with a non-profit housing
developer to purchase and
then subsequently manage
these affordable housing units
Dartmouth Housing
Partnership
1.2 Continue the Town’s
Housing Rehabilitation and
Repair Program
Use CDBG Funds to add units
to Town’s Affordable Housing
Inventory
Grant Administrator’s Office
1.3 Implement an Amnesty
Program for Accessory Units
that are Not in Compliance with
Zoning and Building Codes
Encourage landlords to
upgrade their existing, illegal
accessory dwelling units and
simultaneously add to the
Town’s official affordable
housing inventory
Study the potential for reusing
these structures as they need
arises
The Town, using CDBG finds
would monitor, inspect, and
re-certify
1.4 Develop Opportunities for
Adaptive Reuse
2: Establish programs
and organizations to
assist in the creation
and retention of
affordable housing units
ACTION
1.1 Retain Expiring Affordable
Units
The Housing Partnership
2.1 Establish a Soft Second
Mortgage Program
Participate in the Soft Second
Mortgage Program
Town Administrator, Town’s
Finance Director
2.2 Establish a Housing
Partnership
Create a local housing
partnership
Select Board
2.3 Create an Affordable
Housing Trust Fund
Create a local Affordable
Housing Trust Fund
Select Board
3.1 Revise Zoning Bylaw and
Land Use Strategies to
Promote Affordable Housing
that Meets the Needs of all
Dartmouth Residents
3.2 Development of Housing on
Town Owned Parcels
Planning Board should
evaluate a series of new
zoning strategies
Planning Board
Identify Town Owned Parcels
that could be used for
Affordable Housing
Housing Partnership
3.3 Continue to Guide and
Approve Appropriate
Comprehensive Permits
Develop a process to assist in
positive 40B developments
DPW, Building Department,
Planning Board, Board of
Health, Zoning Board of
Appeals
Executive Summary
2007
8
Section 4: Economic Development
GOAL
1: Develop a Marketing
Strategy for Dartmouth
2: Use Existing
Commercial and
Industrially Zoned
Areas Efficiently
OBJECTIVE
RESPONSIBLE
PARTY
YEAR
1.1 Re-establish Industrial/
Economic Development
Commission*
Select Board
1.2 Pursue the creation of a
multi-community or regional
economic development
position
Select Board with
new Economic
Development
Commission
1.3 Design a marketing
strategy
Economic
Development
Commission
1-2
2.1 Generate an Inventory &
Maintain the Inventory*
Economic
Development
Commission
1-2
2.2 Research Height
Increases*
Planning Board
2.3 Study any proposal to
convert commercial/ industrial
land to other uses
Planning Board
2.4 Do not approve Use
Variances*
Planning Board
2.5 Explore new Road to
relieve traffic on Route 6
Select Board and
Planning Board
2.6 Prepare a mitigation plan
for Route 6 traffic
Planning Board
2.7Establish quarterly all
board meetings
Select Board
2.8 Evaluate Rezoning in
northern Faunce corner area
for higher end office uses.
Planning Board
Executive Summary
RESOUCES/
COMMENTS
1-2
Funding mechanism
1-2
Use UMASS students and
other interns for graphics,
business strategy, etc.
Use UMASS students and
coordinate with GIS system
1-2
On-going
On-going
1-2
1-2
SRPEDD will be looking onto
Faunce Corner area problems
as part of the regional
Transportation Plan, also
UMASS class will be studying
area
This will come out of the work
in 2.4 above
1-2
1-2
2007
9
GOAL
3: Encourage the
expansion and
development of higher
valued business and
industry (e.g., less retail
more finance,
insurance, and biotech
firms).
4: Pursue economic
development that is
consistent with the
preservation of rural
character.
OBJECTIVE
RESPONSIBLE
PARTY
YEAR
3.1 Partner with Universities
on R & D
Economic
Development
Commission
3.2 Investigate Streamlined
Permitting
Economic
Development
Commission & Select
Board
3.3 Work with GNBIF and
Chamber of Commerce
Economic
Development
Commission
On-going
4.1 Partner with Heritage
Tourism Groups
Economic
Development
Commission
On-going
4.2 Support agriculture and
aquaculture
Waterways Comm.,
Agricultural Comm.,
& other Town Boards
On-going
4.3 Establish a study
committee on site plan review
Planning Board
4.4 Develop Waterfront
Overlay District
Planning Board
4.5 Consider Arts/ Culture
Overlay District
Economic
Development
Commission &
Dartmouth Arts
Council
4.6 Develop Mixed Use
Standards
Planning Board
Executive Summary
RESOURCES/
COMMENTS
On-going
1-2
May require assistance from
various Town Boards and
Departments
Pursue Grant opportunities
2-3
1-2
Town Meeting (2007) passed
a Waterfront overlay district
Pursue Grant opportunities
On-going
2-3
2007
10
GOAL
5: Coordinate
with traffic
management, including
circulation and parking
standards.
6: Explore new ways to
raise revenues
OBJECTIVE
RESPONSIBLE
PARTY
5.1 Commission a study of
Route 6 area
Planning Board
5.2 Work with major
employers (including the
prison, University, Harvey
Windows, Hawthorne
Medical, etc.) on staggered
work release times.
5.3 Plan circulation and
access out 20 years
Select Board
5.4 Village centers need
traffic management, as well
Planning Board
6.1 Maintain a competitive
and attractive tax system to
encourage both new
investments, as well as
retaining existing businesses.
Select Board
6.2 Pursue the creation of a
multi-community or regional
economic development
position
Select Board and
Economic
Development
Commission
6.3 Use ETA/EOA provisions
at lowest threshold levels
Select Board and
Town Meeting
6.4 Cover costs with fees
Select Board,
Planning Board,
Health Board
Executive Summary
YEAR
RESOURCES/
COMMENTS
1-3
As
needed
Planning Board
2-4
Build on the work of SRPEDD
and UMASS – may require
some funding
2-4
May be coordinated with
other proposed zoning
amendments.
2007
11
Section 5: Open Space and Recreation
GOAL 1: To provide effective policies and tools to decision makers so as to protect and enhance those qualities that support
open space and recreational activities within the Town.
OBJECTIVE
1a. Establish open space
preservation and recreation
planning as priorities in all
Town decisions and actions.
1b. Discourage special permit and
use variances
ACTION
Seek endorsement of the Open
Space and Recreation (OSR)
Plan by Town Meeting.
Seek the consistent application
of the GMMP as it relates to the
OSR Plan.
Provide each office and
department at Town Hall with
reference copies of this Action
Plan 2002-2007.
Educate Select Board and other
boards and commissions on the
goals and objectives and action
plan of the OSP.
Encourage all offices and
departments in Town Hall to
keep each other informed of
decisions/actions taken that
impact the overall effectiveness
of this Plan.
Conduct a yearly review of the
OSR Action Plan and keep the
Open Space Inventory and Map
updated.
Form a Growth Management
Committee with the goal of
updating the 1988 Growth
Management Master Plan.
Streamline and facilitate the
process of the Agricultural Trust
Fund Council and the
Agricultural Commission to
protect farmland and open
space in the Town.
Limit variances within the
Aquifer Protection District.
Limit variances within critical
natural resource areas.
Executive Summary
YEAR
RESPONSIBLE PARTY
Open Space and Recreation Committee
2002
Ongoing
Select Board
Planning Board
2002
Ongoing
Ongoing
Ex. Admin. Asst.
Ongoing
Planning Department
2003
Planning Board
Select Board
Ongoing
Select Board
Ongoing
Ongoing
Planning Board
Zoning Board of Appeals
Board of Health
Planning Board
Zoning Board of Appeals
Board of Health
2007
12
OBJECTIVE
ACTION
1c. Increase the community’s
appreciation of the Town’s rich
resources.
Encourage environmental
education liaison with school
system for hands on learning in
classroom and at sites.
Provide uniform signage
throughout the Town noting
town boundaries, scenic roads
and vistas, historic villages and
sites, town parks and beaches,
etc.
Create a directory listing
various recreational
opportunities town-wide.
1d. Acquire the money and/or
land necessary to accomplish the
objectives of this Plan.
Create a web page listing all
recreation and open space
resources within the Town with
contacts.
Implement a Park Board
Revolving Fund so revenues
from beach stickers and gate
receipts can be used for park
and recreation improvements.
Solicit donations, gifts and
bequests, sponsorships, etc.
from residents and businesses.
Leverage as much grant
funding as possible and provide
necessary matching funds to
achieve the objectives of this
Plan.
YEAR
RESPONSIBLE PARTY
Ongoing
Lloyd Center
DNRT
Recreation Dept.
20032005
2003
Select Board
DPW
Park Board
Historical Commission
Recreation Commission
Park Board
DNRT
Lloyd Center
2003
Information Systems Manager
2003
Park Board
Ongoing
All Town Agencies
Ongoing
Park Board
DPW
Conservation Commission
GOAL 2: To conserve and protect the scenic beauty and existing rural character of the Town.
2a. Protect and conserve the scenic
landscape.
Enforce the existing Scenic ByLaw regulation.
Develop a design review
procedure for alterations to
scenic intersections.
Protect key privately owned
parcels through purchase,
easements, donations,
conservation or development
restrictions.
Empower Town to take control
of abandoned and unused
buildings within the law.
Conduct feasibility studies for
creating a scenic landscape
overlay district and/or
easements for scenic
overlooks.
Executive Summary
Ongoing
Planning Board
2003
DPW
Planning Board
Ongoing
Ongoing
2003
DNRT
Conservation Comm.
Planning Board
Agricultural Trust Fund
CPA Committee
Select Board
Finance Director
Town Counsel
Planning Board
2007
13
OBJECTIVE
2a. Protect and conserve the
scenic landscape (Con).
2b. Protect and conserve forest
and farmland.
ACTION
Define clearly what constitutes
“open space” to maximize
quality open space and
accordingly amend the cluster
zoning by-laws.
Permanently protect farmland
within the Allen’s Pond
conservation area.
YEAR
RESPONSIBLE PARTY
2003
Planning Board
Ongoing
Expand Town Forest area.
Ongoing
Expand Noquochoke Wildlife
Management Area.
Update farmland inventory on a
regular basis and associated
map.
Implement new tools for
discouraging development in
prime farm areas, i.e.
Farmland/Upland Overlay
Districts, modifying cluster bylaw, flexible citing, and Transfer
Development Rights.
Permanently protect farmland
within the Shingle Island, Little
River, Paskamansett/Slocums,
and Apponagansett
Watersheds.
Protect large parcels of 61B
and tax-exempt open space.
2c. Protect and conserve historic
buildings, villages, and sites.
Establish a priority list of farms
to be protected by APR or by
State/private actions (based on
the criteria set by the
Council).
Provide grants or low-interest
loans for restoration and
rehabilitation of historic houses.
Encourage nomination of
historic sites on the State
Historical Register and on the
National Register.
Executive Summary
Ongoing
DNRT
CPA Committee
DNRT
CPA Committee
DNRT
CPA Committee
Annually
Ongoing
Ongoing
Ongoing
Planning Board
DNRT
CPA Committee
DNRT
CPA Committee
2002
Agricultural Trust Fund Council
2003
Community Preservation Act Committee
Ongoing
2007
14
GOAL 2: To conserve and protect the scenic beauty and existing rural character of the Town.
OBJECTIVE
ACTION
YEAR
RESPONSIBLE PARTY
2c. Protect and conserve historic
buildings, villages, and sites
(con).
Use acquisition or eminent
domain as a means to secure
historic properties that would
otherwise be destroyed and
resell for rehabilitation with aid
from the CPA fund.
loans to businesses to preserve
historic facades or restore
historic signage.
2003
Community Preservation Act
Committee
2003
Committee
Explore Village Center Zoning
and design standards to
preserve historic village
character in Padanaram,
Russells Mills, Hixville, and
Smith Mills.
Draft a Demolition Delay Bylaw
to provide a window for action
to conserve historic structures.
2003
Committee
Planning Board
2003
Create a special permit
requirement for sites that lay in
Archaeologically Sensitive
Areas as described in the PAL
survey.
Explore the creation of a
special permit requirement for
structures on the
Massachusetts Historical
Register.
Explore financial incentives,
such as tax credits, for accurate
preservation of historic sites.
2003
Committee
Planning Board
Planning Board
2003
2003
GOAL 3: To preserve, protect, and maintain the quality of the Town’s natural resources.
OBJECTIVE
ACTION
YEAR
RESPONSIBLE PARTY
3a. Protect the quality of Town
water resources.
Executive Summary
Enforce existing regulations
affecting all fresh, ground and
coastal waters.
Develop regulations for nitrogen
management according to
water quality issues for
individual watersheds.
Ongoing
Board of Health
Cons. Commission
2004
Board of Health
Cons. Commission
Buzzards Bay Coalition
Continue a comprehensive
monitoring program of all Town
waters to identify problem
areas.
Develop Town-wide watershed
standards to minimize storm
water runoff and maximize
recharge.
Ongoing
Board of Health
Cons. Commission
2003
Planning Board
2007
15
OBJECTIVE
3a. Protect the quality of Town
water resources (con).
3b. Provide extra protection to
some of the Town’s most fragile
natural resources.
Executive Summary
ACTION
Protect properties within the
Aquifer Protection Districts.
Limit development that would
harm water quality of
Paskamansett, Apponagansett,
Slocums and Little Rivers.
Continue monitoring of
Buttonwood Brook for point and
non-point source pollutants.
Continue to extend sewers to
remediate areas widespread
septic failures that are
negatively affecting water
resources.
Enforce zoning by-laws and
Board of Health regulations
when considering requests for
variances within the Aquifer
Protection District.
Create education programs on
the importance of the Aquifer
Protection District and on
Nitrogen Management and
Control Measures for
Dartmouth property owners.
Explore the implementation of a
Septic Maintenance Program.
Protect properties within the
Little River and Apponagansett
Bay Watershed Areas.
Utilize vernal pool certification
as a means to safeguard
wetland areas that may be
altered.
Develop a Greenway on the
Towns Rivers for retention of
plant/animal habitats.
Cooperate with and assist
private groups and agencies in
their efforts to protect wildlife in
fragile natural resource areas.
Place regulatory controls in
areas identified by the
Massachusetts Natural
Heritage Program as habitats
for rare species, particularly at
the Noquochoke/Shingle Island
Wetlands, Allens Pond and
Paskamansett River.
YEAR
RESPONSIBLE PARTY
Ongoing
DNRT
Cons. Commission
DPW
DNRT
Planning Board
DPW
Ongoing
Board of Health
Cons. Commission
Planning Board
DPW
Ongoing
Ongoing
Zoning Enforcement Officer
Board of Health
Planning Board
2003
Board of Health
DNRT
Water Department
2003
Board of Health
Water Department
DNRT
DPW
Cons. Commission
DNRT
Lloyd Center
Cons. Commission
Ongoing
Ongoing
Planning Board
DNRT
Ongoing
All Town Officials and Agencies
2003
Cons. Commission
2007
16
GOAL 3: To preserve, protect, and maintain the quality of the Town's natural resources.
OBJECTIVE
ACTION
YEAR
RESPONSIBLE PARTY
3b. Provide extra protection to
some of the Town’s most fragile
natural resources (Con).
Increase the budget/personnel
of the Conservation and Health
Departments to
oversee/enforce protection of
wetlands, watersheds, and
aquifers.
2004
Select Board
GOAL 4: To provide a range of active and passive recreational facilities and programs to meet
changing population and density characteristics within the Town.
OBJECTIVE
ACTION
YEAR
RESPONSIBLE PARTY
4a. Increase coordination and
cooperation of the Park Board and
Recreation Commission.
Meet together on a regular
basis to focus on integrating
programming and maximize
use of facilities.
Coordinate educational
programming and marketing of
park facilities and recreation
programs.
Collaboration/merging of Park
and Recreation Resources
4b. Provide diverse, year round
recreational resources (active and
passive) for all ages and
capabilities throughout Town
matched to demographics and
resident wishes.
Develop new neighborhood
parks in underserved
neighborhoods.
Increase safety
standards/equipment at all
parks and beaches.
Create a Town Community
Center with year-round
programs for all ages.
Finalize full development of the
Dartmouth Regional Park and
Trails (DRPT).
Increase the budget/personnel
of the Park and Recreation
Departments so as to
protect/develop/maintain
current sites.
Pursue the provision of year
round freshwater swimming
facilities at an appropriate site.
Executive Summary
Ongoing
2002
Forward
Park Board
Park Board
Ongoing
Park Board
Select Board
Ongoing
Park Board
Ongoing
Park Board
2004
Town-wide effort
2007
Park Board
Ongoing
Park Board
Recreation Comm.
Ongoing
Park Board
2007
17
OBJECTIVE
4b. Provide diverse, year round
recreational resources (active
and passive) for all ages and
capabilities throughout Town
matched to demographics
and resident wishes (con).
ACTION
Pursue the potential of using
the Russells Mills landfill as an
active or passive recreation
facility when environmentally
stabilized.
Pursue the feasibility of a
linkage between properties at
Jones Park, DeMello School
and the Senior Center for
passive recreational purposes.
Promote group-use of facilities
by schools, youth groups and
senior citizens.
YEAR
RESPONSIBLE PARTY
2005
GNB Regional Refuse Mgt. District
DPW
Park Board
Ongoing
School Dept.
Senior Center
Park Board
Ongoing
Park Board
Recreation Comm.
GOAL 4: To provide a range of active and passive recreational facilities and programs to meet
changing population and density characteristics within the Town.
OBJECTIVE
ACTION
YEAR
RESPONSIBLE PARTY
4c. Increase and improve access to
undeveloped land for active
use and passive enjoyment.
4d. Increase access to and
improve water resources for
active use and passive
enjoyment.
Develop linkages between
Copicut and Acushnet Cedar
Swamp.
Complete handicapped access
improvements to Town
recreation sites.
Construct and maintain picnic
areas with trash barrels on
trails, paths and in parks.
Develop hiking-walking trails on
present-future Town-owned
land with physical fitness
equipment and educational
materials regarding the
flora/fauna along the trails.
Work with private groups to
improve and maintain access to
conservation land.
Increase season length and
time at beaches through
budgetary increases (May
through Labor Day/ Sunrise to
Sunset).
Identify and develop public
fishing areas.
Develop, improve and expand
parking facilities, ramps,
seating and posted signs at
boat/canoe launch sites.
Clear passage all along the
Paskamansett / Slocums River
for upstream canoe put-in and
rest stops.
Executive Summary
Ongoing
DNRT
Cons. Commission
Ongoing
Park Board
Ongoing
Park Board
Ongoing
2003
Park Board
Cons. Comm.
DNRT
Garden Clubs
School Department
NB Vocational H.S.
Cons. Comm.
DNRT
Lloyd Center
Girl/Boy Scouts
NB Voc. Tech.
Park Board
Select Board
2003
Park Board
Planning Board
Ongoing
Park Board
DPW
Ongoing
Lloyd Center
Ongoing
2007
18
GOAL 4: To provide a range of active and passive recreational facilities and programs to meet changing population and
density characteristics within the Town.
OBJECTIVE
ACTION
YEAR
RESPONSIBLE PARTY
4d. Increase access to and improve
water resources for active
use and passive enjoyment.
Improve parking areas at water
viewing sites such as at Smith
Ongoing
DPW
Neck, Little River and Reed
Select Board
Roads.
Investigate developing a
neighborhood park along the
Buttonwood Brook to provide
2004
Park Board
passive recreation opportunities
to residents in the heavily
populated eastern section of
Town.
Pursue the transfer of land
along Buttonwood Brook North
2003
School Department
of Hawthorne St. from the
School Dept. to the
Conservation Commission for
passive recreation.
4e. Provide recreational
Explore the feasibility of an
2003
programming that fosters life long equestrian park/facility within
Park Board
leisure activities.
the Town.
Develop educational outlets for
school system use at facilities,
Ongoing
Park Board
especially Dartmouth Regional
Recreation Com.
Park and Trails and the
School Dept.
beaches.
Assist private youth recreation
Park Board
associations (such as, but not
Ongoing
Select Board
limited to DYSA, DYAA, DYGA)
with expansion of facilities to
meet field demands.
GOAL 5: To protect open space and promote recreational opportunities at the regional level.
OBJECTIVE
ACTION
YEAR
RESPONSIBLE PARTY
5a. Protect the quality of natural
resources from development and
influences at a regional level.
Continue monitoring the
environmental impact of the
airport expansion on the town’s
wetlands and water resources.
Prevent access to sensitive
ecosystems such as Slocums
River estuary, Apponagansett
Bay, and Little River, by jet skis
and high-speed water boats.
Support recommendations of
the Buzzards Bay Coalition to
protect and improve water
conditions in Buzzards Bay and
its estuaries.
Assess the impact of largescale regional developments on
the town’s resources.
Ongoing
Board of Health
SRPEDD
2003
Select Board
Board of Health
Harbor Master
Ongoing
Board of Health
Select Board
Ongoing
Planning Board
SRPEDD
Select Board
Growth Management Committee
Executive Summary
2007
19
GOAL 5: To protect open space and promote recreational opportunities at the regional level (Continued).
OBJECTIVE
5a. (Continued) Protect the
quality of natural resources
from development and
influences at a regional level.
5b. Pursue the concept and
development of a regional
greenway.
ACTION
Analyze the growth impact of
the proposed Boston Commuter
Rail on Dartmouth’s natural
resources.
Consider greenway
development in the update of
the Town’s Growth
Management Master Plan.
YEAR
2003
2003
RESPONSIBLE PARTY
Planning Board
SRPEDD
Select Board
SRPEDD
Planning Board
DNRT
Develop linkages with
Ongoing
SRPEDD
neighboring communities via
Planning Board
pedestrian pathways, bicycle
DNRT
paths, hiking trails, forested
land and/or wildlife habitats to
Lloyd Center
preserve common resources
The Trustees of Reservations
and provide enrichment to
residents in the entire region.
GOAL 6: Manage and channel growth so as to preserve the unique quality of the Town and its natural, cultural, and
historical resources.
OBJECTIVE
ACTION
YEAR
RESPONSIBLE PARTY
6a. Protect existing scenic roads,
views, and sites.
Develop regulations to protect
2003
Planning Board
scenic landscapes within the
Town (example, Scenic Vista
Committee
protection By law).
2003
loans for restoration of
Committee
stonewalls and other significant
structures on scenic roads.
Work with the Planning Board
2003
to develop programs/incentives
Committee
that would encourage
Historic Commission
developers to preserve old
farmhouses in new housing
developments on farmland.
GOAL 6: Manage and channel growth so as to preserve the unique quality of the Town and its natural, cultural, and
OBJECTIVE
6b. Promote regional businesses,
such as farming and aquaculture.
Executive Summary
ACTION
YEAR
RESPONSIBLE PARTY
Develop educational material
and programs that support
farming as a business and
increase awareness of its
benefits to the community.
Modify zoning by-laws to
encourage farming and
eliminate unnecessary
regulatory barriers to farming.
Develop programs in the school
system to expose children to
agriculture.
2003
Mass. Agricultural in the Classroom
2003
Ongoing
Planning Board
2007
20
GOAL: Manage and channel growth so as to preserve the unique quality of the Town and its natural, cultural, and
OBJECTIVE
6b. Promote regional businesses,
such as farming and aquaculture
(con).
6c. Promote a healthy and livable
community that encourages nonvehicular transportation and
passive recreation opportunities.
Executive Summary
ACTION
YEAR
RESPONSIBLE PARTY
Promote agri-tourism
incorporating greater
awareness of the change from
traditional farming to a dynamic,
evolving business.
Promote regulations and bylaws that are favorable to valueadded businesses and
enterprises.
Update and coordinate all of the
special residential sections of
the Zoning By Laws with
respect to goals and standards
for open space preservation
(Cluster Subdivision, PRD and
Flexible Development). Develop
incentives to encourage their
use.
Develop pedestrian linkages
between open space and
recreational areas by
incorporating sidewalks/walking
areas during roadway
reconstruction and in
subdivision approvals.
Within the Growth Management
Plan update, study possibilities
for non-vehicular transportation
systems within the Town.
Review and revise the Zoning
Map and Zoning By-Laws to
develop ways to control sprawl.
Support and incorporate
policies from the State’s Smart
Growth initiative.
Promote open space
preservation in more densely
developed areas.
Under the Growth Management
Plan Update, explore initiatives
for the reuse of vacant
commercial developments as
opposed to the development of
current green space.
Ongoing
SEAMAP
Dartmouth Grange
2004
Board of Health
Select Board
2003
Planning Board
DPW
Planning Board
Ongoing
2004
Planning Board
2004
Planning Board
Ongoing
Ongoing
2003/2004
Select Board
SRPEDD
Planning Board
Park Board
Planning Board
2007
21
Section 6: Services & Facilites
GOAL
1: Maintain service
levels while
accommodating growth
OBJECTIVE
1.1 Continue 5-Year Capital
Improvement Planning
RESPONSIBLE
PARTY
YEAR
RESOURCES/
COMMENTS
Select Board
On-going
1.2 Promote 25-20 year
planning among all
departments
Select Board
1.3 Staff & Use GIS to
Analyze Needs
Select Board
On-going
On-going
2: Strengthen
Communication and
Coordination with the
University of
Massachusetts at
Dartmouth in order to
maintain a mutually
beneficial relationship
3: Refine Upcoming
Capital Needs in order
to use this information
in Planning and
Permitting
2.1 Establish a Committee to
review the relationship with
UMASS
Select Board
2.2 Review and Comment on
the University Master Plan
Planning Board
1-2
1-2
2.3 Incorporate University
growth plans into department
projections
Planning Board,
Select Board,
Finance Committee
2.4 Investigate PILOT
payments and models used
by other communities
Select Board
3.1 Prepare a detailed listing
of land that will be needed
within the next 20 areas for
new buildings
Select Board, Town
Departments
3.2 Set green building design
as a goal of municipal
projects
Town Meeting Vote,
Select Board, School
Board
Executive Summary
1-3
1-3
1-3
1-3
2007
22
GOAL
4: Assess System for
the Delivery of Fire
Services
OBJECTIVE
RESPONSIBLE
PARTY
4.1 Continue Movement
toward Uniformity and
Coordination
Fire Districts, Select
Board
4.2 Assist the transition to a
partial full-time service
Board
4.3 Learn about thresholds
for transition from
professional associations and
other Massachusetts
communities
5.1 Evaluate existing
ambulance service contract
Board
YEAR
RESOURCES/
COMMENTS
2-5
2-5
5: Assess System for
the Delivery of
Ambulance Services
6: Provide Efficient,
Well Managed, and
Environmentally Sound
Water and Wastewater
Services
2-5
Select Board
2
5.2 Establish a system for
ambulance service review
and monitoring
6.1 Complete a 20 Year
Wastewater Management
Plan
Select Board
6.2 Pursue Water
Independence
DPW Board
6.3 Make Hydraulic
Improvements to the Water
System
DPW Board
7.1 Complete a Harbor and
Waterways Management
Plan
Waterways
Commission
7.2 Support COA long-term
planning
COA
2
DPW Board
5
On-going
7: Invest in Long-Term
Planning for
Departments Facing
Major Challenges
As
needed
2-5
2-5
7.3 Continue to implement
recommendation of the Open
Space and Affordable
Housing Plans
Executive Summary
Select Board,
Conservation
Commission, Other
identified in Plans
2-5
2007
23
Section 7 : Transportation
GOAL
1: Upgrade
transportation system
prior to zoning changes
2: Reduce traffic
congestion and improve
air quality in the town
OBJECTIVE
RESPONSIBLE
PARTY
1.1 Integrate transportation
planning into rezoning
process
Planning Board
1.2 Upgrade all transportation
modes to meet demand that
new land uses will incur after
rezoning
1.3 Overlay district along
potential future commercial
corridors/intersections
Planning Board
YEAR
RESOURCES/
COMMENTS
Planning Board
2.1 Detailed study of Faunce
Corner Rd/Route 6
Commercial District
SRPEDD
2.2 Relocate Tucker Rd and
Hathaway Rd to meet as a
four-way intersection with
Route 6
MHD, DPW
ROW--$1,000,000
2.3 Reconstruct Faunce
Corner Rd bridge over 195,
construct full cloverleaf
interchange
MHD
$10-15 million
2.4 Redesign and construct
new intersection at Route
6/177
2.5 Encourage internal
automobile and pedestrian
connection between adjacent
businesses/commercial
developments
2.6 Discourage drive-thru
windows at new
developments, enforce
standards at existing ones
Developer, MHD
2.7 Incorporate curb-cut
bylaws to protect traffic flow
Planning Board
2.8 Require all new and
redeveloped commercial
plazas/single developments
over 60K sq, ft. to include
SRTA shelters, turn-offs and
taxi-stands
2.9 Work with UMASS to
identify impacts on
transportation system and
future impacts following
expansions
Planning Board
Executive Summary
Planning Board
Planning Board
Planner, UMASS
2007
24
GOAL
3: Improve the safety
of the transportation
system
4: Encourage land use
changes that have
positive impacts on
transportation system
capacity
OBJECTIVE
RESPONSIBLE
PARTY
3.1 Study/implement
corrective measures at
intersections and along
roadways that have higher
than acceptable crash rater
3.2 Relocate Tucker Rd and
Hathaway Rd to meet as a
four-way intersection with
Route 6
3.3 Set aside funding
annually for maintenance of
pavement markings and road
surfaces, prioritize roads
3.4 Policy to require
engineering review of all
proposed traffic control
devices prior to installation
SRPEDD, Police
3.5 Study/implement
corrective measures at
locations where bicycle and
pedestrian crashes have
occurred, identify high-traffic
areas where facilities are
inadequate
3.6 Implement bicycle
education campaign using
Safe Routes to Schools
funding
3.7 Implement corrective
measures along roadways
where poor drainage has
been linked to crashes
3.8 Require developers to
provide adequate roadway
lighting on site and at
locations impacted by
development
4.1 Concentrate mixed-use
developments within ¼ mile
of fixed route transit on
brownfield or greyfield sites
SRPEDD, DPW
4.2 Promote higher density
mixed-use developments in
areas that currently meet the
needs of bicyclists and
pedestrians
4.3 Develop and implement
zoning regulations to support
and encourage bicycling,
walking, and transit use
Executive Summary
YEAR
RESOURCES/
COMMENTS
MHD, DPW
SRPEDD, DPW
Select Board
School Dept.,
MASSRIDES
SRPEDD
Planning Board
Planning Board,
Select Board
Planning Board
Planning Board
2007
25
GOAL
5: Work with SRTA to
improve existing
transit service, expand
existing service to
capture more riders
6: Create a network
of bicycle and
pedestrian facilities to
encourage more
residents to used
these modes for
transportation and
health
OBJECTIVE
RESPONSIBLE
PARTY
5.1 Increase nighttime and
early morning service on the
9 and 10 buses
SRTA
5.2 Request route evaluations
on all fixed-route service to
determine adjustments and
extensions
SRTA
5.3 Encourage transit use by
retail employees using a
reduced far program and
limiting parking
SRPEDD, SRTA
5.4 Give subsidized transit
passes to all UMASS
Dartmouth students
SRTA, UMASS
5.5 Organize a Commuter
Tail Study Committee to
determine impacts of
proposed Commuter Rail
Extension to Fall River/New
Bedford
6.1 Identify all right-of-ways
and/or existing easements
that could physically
accommodate Class I
bikeways and determine
availability of these right-ofways for bikeway
development
6.2 Organize a Bicycle and
Pedestrian Committee to
address bike/pedestrian
needs in the town
6.3 Create network of off-road
bicycle facilities to connect to
Westport and New Bedford
6.4 Require bike/pedestrian
facilities in all new roadway
construction, even if it means
limiting the scope of a project
Select Board
6.5 Mandate bike racks at all
new commercial
developments and
redevelopments over 40,000
square feet
Planning Board
Executive Summary
YEAR
RESOURCES/
COMMENTS
SRPEDD
Select Board
Select Board
DPW
2007
26
6.6 Require that all new
subdivisions include
sidewalks and bike shoulders,
and sidewalks along
connecting roadways with
high pedestrian demand
Planning Board
6.7 Create list of collector and
arterial roadways that have
high demand for pedestrian
facilities
SRPEDD
6.8 Implement pedestrian
improvements
DPW
6.9 Implement pedestrian
improvements along
roadways at mid-block
locations
DPW
Executive Summary
2007
27
Reported Public Facility Building Needs:
DEPARTMENT/FUNCTION
FUTURE CAPITAL NEED
IDENTIFIED
Town Hall
Additional space – est. 10 years out
Department of Public Works
Dartmouth Public Schools
Office space is presently at capacity
New elementary school/or addition to
current school – est. 2010 elevators in
middle school
Council on Aging
New north-end facility – current need
Library
New north-end facility – current need
Police
Additional space – 10 years
COMMENTS
Town Administrator notes that the
1987 renovated Poole School
Building is nearing capacity.
Superintendent of Public Works
Superintendent of Schools and
School Growth Committee estimate
upcoming need for a n additional
elementary school building and/or
addition and renovation of elevators
in the middle school. More space is
needed to serve expanding school
population AND to expand services to
provide full-day kindergarten. Land
needed is estimated at 16 acres: 10
acres plus 1 acre for every 1000
students according to state
standards.
COA looking to rent space in order to
meet an existing need in the north
end of town, and look to a real need
for expanded services in the next 1015 years at both locations.
North Library documented need
study completed in 1999.
Fire Districts
Ambulance Facilities
Facility to meet needs in northern end of
Town
Executive Summary
2007
28
SECTION 1
INTRODUCTION
Photo:
Section 1 Introduction
1.1 Background
The residents of Dartmouth produced this document to voice their common
aspirations for this community, and to communicate them to boards, commissions, nonprofit groups, and the private sector. The Master Plan is a policy document that outlines
growth management goals and recommends specific implementation steps for
translating these goals into achievements. This document has been prepared in
accordance with the requirements of MGL Chapter 41 Section 81D, in concert with the
Planning Board and under the guidance of a Steering Committee composed of
interested residents. Many hours of effort from residents who care about the community
have gone into the development of this document. The policy directions and specific
actions outlined reflect much thoughtful discussion and are deserving of attention and
implementation.
The community of Dartmouth has experienced significant growth over the past
forty years, and it is anticipated that growth will continue into the coming decades.
Growth by its nature means change, and this document is focused on ways the
community can guide and shape this change. A Master Plan is not a document to
prevent growth; rather it represents a set of choices embraced after evaluation of the
trade-offs implicit in growth. Some hard choices have to be made and often choices
come with a price tag. In the coming years, Dartmouth will continue to face new growth
related challenges. The community will need to revisit the choices reflected here and
update this plan on a regular basis.
A number of themes emerged from the many conversations that were the basis
of this document.
Dartmouth is reaching a threshold as it transitions from a rural small Town
to a regional suburban center. While this change is a gradual one, given
the community’s increasing size and complexity Dartmouth will face
decisions about the delivery of services and the form of government within
the planning horizon of this document.

The community must come to terms with a clearly articulated frustration
with traffic and circulation—particularly in the Faunce Corner/Route 6
area. Studying the issue to identify mitigation measures will be part of the
solution, but ultimately more difficult choices will be before the community.
In the face of increasing municipal costs land use choices will be
increasingly evaluated in terms of fiscal impacts. Balancing the budget is
necessary, yet the quality of life aspects of land use and development
must also be considered. This is a very real challenge and a challenge
that Dartmouth will return to again and again in the coming years.

The residents of Dartmouth produced this document to voice their
common aspirations for this community, and to communicate them to
Chapter 1: Introduction
2007
1-1
boards, commissions, departments, committees, non-profit groups and the
private sector.

This document introduces ways in which Dartmouth can become a leader
in the field of sustainable energy. Recommendations address residential
and commercial wind farms, energy efficient municipal buildings, and
promoting green design for private ventures. This document puts in place
the consensus on these and other issues as it exists in early 2007. But as
information gathering is undertaken and the studies called for completed,
these recommendations will be refined and modified using the community
values statement as a guide.
MASTER PLAN WORKSHOP JANUARY 2006
2007
1-2
PLAN DEVELOPMENT
The vision for this plan grew out of a workshop held in January of 2006. Over 100
Dartmouth residents attended the workshop and engaged in a dialogue about what they
valued about Dartmouth and what the community should look like in the future.
Invitations to attend the workshop were sent to all Town boards and committees, as well
as, published in the newspaper and broadcast on cable TV. The statement below of
Community Values comes from the findings of this workshop. In addition residents at
the workshop generated “Maps of the Future” which identified things to preserve, things
to improve, and things to strive toward. Strategies for saving farmland, calming traffic,
improving aesthetics, broadening transportation choices, and producing affordable
housing are all part of the visions expressed at this workshop.
Following the Visioning Workshop the Planning Board convened all residents
whom had expressed an interest in participating in the planning process. Four
committees were formed:

Land Use
Services and Facilities, and
Circulation/Transportation.
Dartmouth had recently completed a Housing Strategy and Open Space and Recreation
Plan, which serve as the basis of the Housing and Open Space/Recreation Chapters of
the plan. These plans, already adopted by the Select Board, are incorporated into this
document, through this reference and are considered part of the Master Plan.
These committees met from February through December of 2006. The
recommendations of each committee were arrived at through an open and deliberative
process with consideration of present and future circumstances. All committee
meetings were posted and open to the public.
STEERING COMMITTEE WORKSHOP JANUARY 2007
2007
1-3
A Steering Committee composed of the Planning Board and two members of each
committee was formed to guide the integration of the committee recommendations. The
Steering Committee met in July 2006 for a progress report from the committees and
then again in January of 2007 when the committees had completed their work.
1.2 Summary of Planning Documents
Dartmouth Growth Management Master Plan, 1988
The 1988 Dartmouth Growth Management Master Plan was prepared for the Planning
Board by Camp, Dresser, & McKee, Inc. with Philip B. Herr & Associates. It presents
policy statements with specific actions within the following areas:

Development Patterns
Community/Housing/Social Policies
Natural Resources
Fiscal/Economic Policies, and
Open Space & Recreation.
The document is guided by a commitment to preserving open space and agriculture
while accommodating growth. This plan generally looked at development issues
through the lens of “performance zoning”, and promoted using water and wastewater
infrastructure as a means of guiding and controlling growth. A cornerstone of the
approach was the division of the community into three (3) Development Areas. These
areas were defined based on development characteristics and it was recommended that
each Area be treated differently. Development Area 1 was the portion of the community
already densely developed that had sewer and water service. Development Area 2 had
at least one of these infrastructure services, but as parts of this Area were not yet
developed the intent was to only extend infrastructure when necessary for public health.
Development Area 3 was the most rural part of Town, where a clustered approach to
development was “encouraged” and infrastructure extensions were to be avoided. The
1988 Growth Management Plan sought cross-board consensus on a controlled
development pattern.
Dartmouth is to be commended for achieving many of the recommendations put forth in
the 1988 plan including: flexible zoning; subdivision by special permit to encourage
cluster (now Open Space Residential Design); accessory dwellings; Capital
Improvement Planning, and the formation of a Housing Partnership and an Agricultural
Commission.
Town of Dartmouth Open Space and Recreation Plan, 2002.
Prepared by the Open Space and Recreation Committee on behalf of the Dartmouth
Select Board, Park Board, Conservation Commission and Planning Board, with
assistance from Teri Bernert and the University of Massachusetts Center for Public
Policy.
2007
1-4
The plan provides a great deal of background information on the history of the Town
and on the achievements in the areas of open space and recreation during the
preceding five years. In assessing the outstanding needs of the community, the plan
calls attention to unique environments, farmland resources, the protection of water
resources, and aquifer protection. A detailed Five Year Action Plan is included that
calls for across the board support for the goals of the Plan, increased local appreciation
of resources, and increased recreational opportunities for all users including an indoor
pool and Recreation Center. The plan also calls attention to the need to preserve
historic village centers and to encourage a strict interpretation of Town development
bylaws.
Town of Dartmouth Planning Survey, 2002.
Completed by the Center for Policy Analysis, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth for
the Open Space and Recreation Committee as part of the above Open Space Plan.
This survey was mailed to all households and distributed at Town Hall. The responses
received (a total of 2,856) represent a very high 27.6% participation rate. There was a
fairly good diversity among the households that responded including 15.8% that were
new to Dartmouth (less than 5 year residency); 33% with children; and 25.9% 65 years
of age or older. The questions focused on open space and recreation issues, but also
sought the opinion of residents on growth management concerns. Of particular note are
the following general points of agreement among a majority of respondents:

The population of Dartmouth should be capped at 33,000 residents (Q #24),
Commercial development should be contained to its existing areas (Q #21),
The growth rate for residential development should be slowed (Q #19 & 25A), and
Traffic congestion should be reduced (Q #25A).
Town of Dartmouth Affordable Housing Plan,
January 2005. Prepared with assistance from Daylor Consulting Group.
After detailing the specific characteristics of the housing stock and the population of
Dartmouth, this plan notes the following as the major housing needs facing the
community: an increasing elderly population, a need for rental units, and a lack of
diversity in unit types (i.e. a predominance of single-family units). Recommended
actions include establishing a Housing Partnership, retaining expiring use properties,
expanding the housing rehab program, and granting amnesty for illegal accessory
apartments. Zoning amendments proposed include inclusionary zoning, village districts,
the transfer of development rights, mixed use structures, affordable units on merged
undersized lots, senior housing on Town owned land, and modifications to the existing
accessory apartment ordinance. The actions are designed to add diversity to the
housing stock, meet the needs of the elderly, and meet the need of smaller households.
2007
1-5
1.3 Context
The Town of Dartmouth is located in southeastern Massachusetts midway between
Providence, Rhode Island and Cape Cod. The Town is bordered by Westport on the
west, Fall River on the north, New Bedford on the east, and Buzzards Bay on the south.
The Town’s 63.95 square miles
(approximately 40,000 acres), including
2.13 square miles of water1, make it the
third largest community, by land area, of
the Commonwealth2. Dartmouth is a
picturesque community with
approximately 47 miles of coastline dotted
with inlets and harbors, sizeable farm
acreage, intact historic village areas, and
scenic rural roadways. It offers varied
and beautiful landscapes. The community
has evolved from a sleepy agricultural
Figure One: Locus Map
Town to a bedroom community and, more
recently, a regional center for commercial,
residential, recreational, and institutional uses.
1.4 Historical Outline
The Wampanoag tribe has roots in southeastern Massachusetts stretching back
thousand of years before the period of European colonization. Dartmouth was part of
the territory the Wampanoag used for fishing, hunting, and gathering. The “three
sisters” of squash, maize and beans supported the population estimated from between
5,000 – 12,000. According to the Massachusetts Historical Commission, the postNative American development of the community began in the seventeenth century,
In 1652, Massasoit, the Chief Sachem of the Wampanoag Federation, and
his son Wamsutta sold the land covering Dartmouth and 4 other present
towns, to elders of the Plymouth Colony, including Miles Standish, John
Alden, and Governor William Bradford. These early real estate speculators
then sold the land off in smaller parcels, primarily to religious dissidents,
Quakers and Baptists, who were seeking refuge on what was then the
frontier from the religious persecutions being launched both by the
Massachusetts Bay and Plymouth Bay Colonies. The Town, named after
an English port, was incorporated in 1664 but refused consistently to pay
the "minister's tax" which was levied on all communities to support Puritan
clergy. The community grew quickly, attracting many who disagreed with
the establishment and many more who sought work in agriculture,
saltmaking or fishing, including a significant number of Portuguese
immigrants.3
1
Dartmouth Annual Report 2004 available at www.town.dartmouth.ma.us/Dartmouth-2004.pdf.
www.mass.gov/dhcd/iprofile/default.htm
3
www.mass.gov/dhcd/iprofile/072.pdf
2
2007
1-6
The terrain of multiple waterways and inlets, and the desire of Quakers to live freely
outside of government and church authority shaped Dartmouth’s colonial settlement.
Settlers did not establish one main village center but rather dispersed throughout the
territory establishing farms and, over time, taking up the maritime activities of salt
making and shipbuilding.
Dartmouth has maintained these rural agricultural roots but the form of development
has been subsequently influenced by the small-scale industrial villages of the 18th
century that located near water sources, and the 19th century summer resorts for the
wealthy. It is argued that the lack of a deep harbor prevented Dartmouth from
becoming a major port such as New Bedford. Instead, during the 19th and 20th
centuries, Dartmouth was the destination of those desiring more spacious living.
The greater accessibility made possible by transportation improvements such as Route
6 and the trolley line fostered development in the community after the turn of the 20th
century. During this period Dartmouth functioned as a bedroom community to the urban
areas of New Bedford and Fall River, and suburban type housing was constructed for
families interested in the American dream of a single-family home.
The construction of infrastructure such as Interstate Highway I-195 (1966) and a
sewage treatment plant (1972) both supported and enhanced development. The
decade of 1970 – 1980 marked the largest absolute population increase for the Town
with a gain of 5,166 residents, most housed in suburban style single-family homes.
Major developments such as the late 1960s University of Massachusetts (then
Southeastern Massachusetts University (SMU), the 1972 North Dartmouth Mall, the
1980s industrial park, the 1988 Southern New England School of Law, and the early
1990s Bristol County Jail and House of Correction, have mixed late twentieth century
commercial and institutional development with the Town’s historic development pattern
of dispersed village centers.
Dartmouth now fulfills a significant regional role due to the presence of major institutions
and a wide diversity of consumer services. The immediate urban area of New Bedford
and the more distant Fall River, are struggling to maintain urban amenities while
Dartmouth has expanded cultural, recreational, commercial, and service diversity. It
can be argued that in the past decade Dartmouth has transformed from a suburban
area into a regional center. The benefits of this transformation have been accompanied
by costs, and mitigation of these accompanying negative effects has become a focal
point of government action.
1.5 Natural Resources
Section 5, the Open Space and Recreation Plan of 2002, presents detailed descriptions
of the natural features of the Town. This section presents a brief overview and, where
noted, uses excerpts from the adopted Open Space and Recreation Plan.
2007
1-7
Dartmouth is a community with many and varied water resources. The coastal
and inland waters provide fresh and saltwater habitats. Within Dartmouth there
are three major river systems: the Paskamansett/Slocums, Copicut/Shingle
Island, and Buttonwood Brook. All three of these systems run from north to
south and are associated with smaller streams and wetlands.
Figure Two: Events that Shaped Dartmouth
PreColonization
1600s
1700s
1800s
1900s
2000s
Wampanoag Tribe
including sub-groups
of: Acushnets,
Apponagansetts, and
Acoaxets resided in
the area fishing,
hunting, and
gathering.
1652 Land sold by
Massasoit & his son
Wamsutta
Ship building in
Paskamansett &
Padanaram
1730 Town Hall
Built
1825
Dartmouth had
90 water and
wind powered
mills.
2002 New High
School
Canoe Trail through
the Town connecting
Buzzards Bay to
Plymouth Bay
Agriculture including
the “3 sisters” of
maize, beans, and
squash.
Quakers and Baptists
settle in area for
religious freedom and
to be free of
government/military
authority
Churches
Constructed
Agriculture,
sawmills, and
gristmills.
Ship building
continues and
sea salt is major
export item
(especially
during embargo
of the War of
1812).
Steady Suburban
Development/
Trolley line
between Fall
River and New
Bedford spurs
Lincoln Park
1660 First colonial
settlers come and
settle in a dispersed
pattern
Old Dartmouth
included present day:
Acushnet,
Dartmouth,
Fairhaven, New
Bedford, and
Westport.
Agriculture,
saltmaking, fishing &
iron forges major
industries
1787 Dartmouth
as known today
formed.
Dairy farms
flourish – at one
point over 12,
providing milk
to New Bedford.
Summer Resort
destinations of
Nonqiutt, Bay
View, Slater’s
Point and
Mishaum
flourish.
1674 First Town
Meeting.
1675 King Phillip
War wipes out nearly
all 37 homes. Rebuilt
in village centers –
Russell Mills, Slocum
Neck, Smith Neck
1875 Expansion
of Old Colony
Railroad
1894 trolley
line along Rte 6.
Post WWII
American Dream
– single family
development.
Bedroom
community for
Fall River/New
Bedford.
Wider road
development
begins.
2002 New
Dorms at UMass
U Mass
School of
Engineering
Nationally
Recognized
Redevelopment
of Commercial
Areas from the
1970s
Medical
Facilities
Constructed
Construction of
Interstate-195
(1963-1966)
Sewage
Treatment Plan
Constructed
(1968-1970)
North Dartmouth
Mall Opens 1972
Industrial Park
Development
(1980s)
Lincoln Park
Closes (1987)
New England
School of Law
(1988)
Bristol County
Jail Correction
Center Opens
(1990)
2007
1-8
In addition there are several major lakes and ponds within the Town including: Lake
Noquochoke, Cedar Dell Pond, Teal Pond, Turner Pond, and Cornell Pond. These
water resources are used for recreation such as boating, swimming and fishing, with the
exception of the Copicut/Shingle Island area that is under the control of the City of Fall
River.
Dartmouth’s water supply comes mainly from twelve groundwater wells that draw from
aquifers within the Town boundaries. Dartmouth also uses a small amount of water
from the New Bedford surface reservoir system. More information on Dartmouth’s
water supply and other infrastructure is presented in Chapter VIII Services and
Facilities.
The coast of Dartmouth includes: Apponagansett Bay, Clark’s Cove, and Buzzards Bay.
The Apponagansett Bay is utilized for both recreational and commercial boating. It is
the location of the New Bedford Yacht Club, several private docks, and two public
landings. The Open Space Plan reports that the Apponagansett Bay is “one of the
most nutrient overloaded embayments of Buzzards Bay”4 and the primary source of the
nitrogen is the Buttonwood Brook. Clark’s Cove, which is between Dartmouth and New
Bedford, has seen marked improvement in the health of its shellfish areas and water
quality, recovering (over the last 10 years )from industrial pollution. The Open Space
Plan notes that Buzzards Bay is a significant resource area and “unique estuarine
environment [that] provides habitat for numerous plant and animal species” and “was
designated ‘estuary of national significance’ in 1988”.5 The environmentally sensitive
Allen’s Pond area is separated by barrier beach from Buzzards Bay but is an integral
part of the Bay system.
In addition to water resources Dartmouth is home to vegetated areas of environmental
importance, including salt marshes, forests, cedar swamps, and wooded wetlands. The
Open Space plan notes that, “Dartmouth’s diversity of habitat types support an equally
diverse fauna.”6 Significant areas of vegetative cover include: Acushnet Cedar Swamp,
Destruction Brook Woods, and Deerfield Swamp. Several of these areas, and others,
support rare and endangered plant and animal species. Map One indicates areas that
the Natural Heritage and Endangered Species Program (NHESP) has declared priority
habitats for rare and endangered species.
4
Dartmouth Open Space and Recreation Plan 2002, pg 58.
6
5
2007
1-9
SECTION 2
LAND USE
Photos: Greg Guimond
Section 2 Land Use
The most recent analysis of land uses in Dartmouth was completed in 1999 by
MassGIS. This data classifies the land use into ten basic categories:
1. Agriculture
2. Industrial/Transportation
3. Commercial
4. Water
5. Open Land (abandoned agriculture, powerlines and areas of no vegetation)
6. Natural Land (forests, wetlands and salt marshes)
7. Urban Open/Institutional/ Recreation
8. High Density Residential
9. Medium Density Residential and
10. Low Density Residential.
The recent data can be compared with an earlier 1971 MassGIS analysis to generate
changes in development during the nearly thirty-year period of 1971-1999. These
figures are an approximation and, as they are developed through interpretation of aerial
photography, are subject to human error.
Table One below indicates the land use categories and changes for this period.1 These
figures reflect that Dartmouth has followed the state and national trend of the
development of land at a rate that exceeds the increase in population. In other words,
more land per person was consumed by the 1971-1999 form of development than by
prior development. While the total population increased 63% from 1970-20002, the
acres in residential development increased by 219% and the acres in commercial
development increased by 128%.
1
2
Note the discrepancy for water acreage between 1971 and 1999.
US Census Bureau: 30,666 (2000) and 18,800 (1970).
Section 2: Land Use
2007
2-1
Figure Three
This well documented trend of a much higher developed-acre per capita reflects the
type of development favored during this period. Commercial development that relies on
large surface parking and consists of one-story buildings combined with the much larger
average single family home3, contribute to a higher developed-acre per capita. In
addition today’s household formations indicate a major increase in one person and
small households, so more housing units are needed to house the same number of
people. In 1970, the average household size in Dartmouth was 2.92 while in 2000 it
was 2.6. This means that in 1970 35 units could house 100 persons, while in 2000 39
units would be necessary to house 100 persons4. In addition to the residential and
commercial increases of 219% and 128% noted above, Table One indicates
corresponding declines, such as a 23% loss of agricultural lands, 8% loss of Natural
Lands, and 8% loss of Open Undeveloped land. Map Two reflects the 1999 Land Uses
and Figure Three provides a breakdown of the land uses, as percentages of the Town’s
total area.
Within the community as a whole, open land, natural land, and water represent a total of
65% of the total area. A portion of this is un-developable lands such as wetlands and
3
According to the National Association of Homebuilders, average single-family homes have increased in size from
1,500 square feet in 1970 to 2,100 in 2000.
4
http://www.census.gov/prod/cen1990/cph2/cph-2-1-1.pdf and 2000 Census.
Section 2: Land Use
2007
2-2
lands with excessive slopes. In addition, the Town GIS system records that 9,890 acres
or 24.8% of the community is under a form of permanent protection from development
(such as Agricultural Preservation Restriction, Conservation Restriction, or
Development Restriction )or is owned by a conservation organization that would make
conversion unlikely (including holdings of the Dartmouth Natural Resources Trust,
holdings of the Massachusetts Audubon Society, Town of Dartmouth parks and
playgrounds, cemeteries, and state parks). Map One reflects the permanently protected
land in Dartmouth (using these categories), as indicated by the Towns GIS system
updated through August of 2005.
Padanaram Village
The Town’s GIS system also provides a breakdown of the amount of land that is
enrolled in the state’s agricultural and horticultural property tax reduction programs.
These lands, commonly known as “Chapter 61 lands” (Chapter 61 forestry; Chapter 61A
agriculture; and Chapter 61B recreation lands) are not permanently protected. Property
owners voluntarily enroll in the program in order to benefit from a reduced property
assessment (and thus property tax bill) but may un-enroll at anytime. In exchange for
the reduced property assessment, however, the property owner must provide the
community the right of first refusal for purchase of the land and pay a partial recapture
of the reduced property tax. Map One indicates the location of the 5,966 acres of
“Chapter lands” in Dartmouth as of August 2005 and is a good indication of active
agricultural and managed forest areas in the Town.
Section 2: Land Use
2007
2-3
The 1988 Growth Management Plan characterized areas of Town according to the form
of development noting village centers, suburban development, rural areas, and
commercial areas. Map Three indicates these characterizations, and in general this
map remains an accurate portrayal of the type of development in Dartmouth.
Dartmouth contains areas with distinct character and specialized functions, from historic
village centers to regional shopping centers to enclaves of summer homes to regional
institutions. It is a community that is home to a wide spectrum of land uses each of
which presents a different set of preservation and growth related concerns. Auto
oriented commercial areas present dilemmas about high traffic generation, while
institutional areas may present conflicts with abutting residential uses. A multi-faceted
growth management strategy is needed to effectively respond to the circumstances
within each distinct area.
Zoning and Other Regulatory Mechanisms
Over time Dartmouth has progressively refined the Town’s Zoning Bylaw in an effort to
protect natural resources, respect the historical development pattern, and support
economic development. The current Zoning Bylaw includes:

three residential districts,
four business districts (including one for office parks), and
three industrial districts.
In addition there are five overlay districts including a Floodplain District, Aquifer
Protection District, Faunce Corner District, Waterfront Protection and Lincoln Park 40R.
These overlay districts address specific concerns by applying additional performance
standards and restrictions on the development permitted in the underlying area. In an
effort to preserve open space and natural areas the Bylaw has optional provisions for
Open Space Residential Design, Estate Lots, and Flexible Development.
Table Two: Dartmouth Zoning Standards
Zoning District
Abbreviation Minimum Minimum Maximum
Lot
Lot
Lot
Area
Coverage
Frontage
Single Residence A
SRA
40000
150
50%
Single Residence B
SRB
80000
200
50%
General Residence
GR
15000
100
50%
Neighborhood
NB
20000
100
65%
Business
Limited Business
LB
-100
-General Business
GB
43560
150
65%
Office Park
OP
43560
150
50%
Maritime Industrial
MI
43560
150
50%
General Industrial
GI
43560
150
65%
Limited Industrial
LI
43560
150
65%
Section 2: Land Use
2007
2-4
Map Four indicates the zoning for Dartmouth. Approximately 8.5% of the Town is
zoned “Single Residence A” for lots of one acre, 75.5% falls into “Single Residence B”
which requires two acres per lot, and 4.8%, most of which is in the village areas, is
zoned “General Residence” which requires 15,000 square foot (approx 1/3 acre) lots.
Table Three reflects the total breakdown of land area by zoning district.
ZONING
DISTRICT
Land Area
(acres)
% of Total
Land Area
Table Three: Land Area by Zoning District
GR
NB
LB
GB
OP
SRA
SRB
Single
Residence
Single
Residence
General
Residence
Neighbor
hood
Business
Limited
Business
General
Business
Office
Park
MI
GI
LI
Maritime
Industrial
General
Industrial
Limited
Industrial
3,485
30,915
1,952
19
19.5
1,238
29.6
16
1,043
2,230
8.5%
75.5%
4.8%
.05%
.05%
3%
.07
%
.04%
2.5%
5.4%
Source: SRPEDD analysis from Map produced from MassGIS file.
In addition to the Zoning Bylaw, the Town of Dartmouth regulates development with a
local Wetlands Bylaw administered by the Conservation Commission, Subdivision Rules
and Regulations administered by the Planning Board, and local Board of Health
regulations administered by the Board of Health. Infrastructure to support and guide
development includes: water, sewer, and circulation related improvements. The 1988
Growth Management Plan included a policy on infrastructure extensions intended to
coordinate development with infrastructure.
Today approximately 48% of Dartmouth’s population is served by Town sewer and 70%
of the population is served by Town water.5 The Board of Public Works has upheld the
1988 Growth Management Plan policy of limiting the extension of sewer lines in the
community. The sewer extensions that have been undertaken during the intervening
period have been to correct severe degradation issues in areas with a high rate of
failing septic systems. Under the existing DEP regulations, before sewer extensions
may be approved a major study of the proposed extension and areas opened to service
is required including an evaluation of growth impacts and environmental effects. This
analysis is a costly undertaking and the Board of Public Works has taken the position
that the Town will not extend sewer, and private requests to do so must fund this
analysis. This re-enforces the Town’s position that de-centralized systems be used for
remaining un-sewered areas and serves as a disincentive to proposals for extensions.
In addition, the wastewater treatment facility is nearing capacity so any major sewer
extension would necessitate an expansion or new treatment facility – an expensive
undertaking in terms of planning, evaluation, capital expenses and monitoring costs. As
infill development and redevelopment within serviced areas adds to the system, the
Board of Public Works is pursuing the potential to divert a portion of the wastewater to
New Bedford where the treatment facility has excess capacity.
5
Figures provided by the Public Works Superintendent in correspondence of February 3, 2006.
Section 2: Land Use
2007
2-5
Water extensions are less problematic for the community, as there is capacity and the
enterprise fund of the system is able to cover the cost of upgrades. Replacement of
aging and degrading piping has been prioritized and the potential for loops that would
improve the system’s flow have been identified in a draft Water Works System Master
Plan Study completed in December 2005 by Fay, Spofford and Thorndike. While water
extensions are not as problematic as sewer extensions, the Board of Public Works
promotes the consideration of decentralized systems that would provide localized
recharge of the aquifer, particularly in the northern areas of Town.
Target Plaza under construction 2006
Insert Maps
Section 2: Land Use
2007
2-6
Growth 1990-2000
Table Four shows the steady population growth Dartmouth experienced during the past
century. As noted above, the decade that saw the largest numerical increase was
1970–1980 when the population gain was 5,166. The past twenty years of growth has
been steady although at a rate less than that of the period 1950-1980.
As compared to its surrounding neighbors Dartmouth has seen considerable growth in
recent years.
Table Four: Population of Dartmouth 1900 - 2000
Year
Population
Change
% Decade
Increase
1900
3,669
1910
4,378
709
19 %
1920
6,493
2,115
48 %
1930
8,778
2,285
35 %
1940
9,011
233
3%
1950
11,115
2,104
23 %
1960
14,607
3,492
31 %
1970
18,800
4,193
29 %
1980
23,966
5,166
27 %
1990
27,244
3,278
14 %
2000
30,666
3,422
13 %
Source: US Census.
Table Five: Population Growth Comparison
Community
1990
2000
Change
Acushnet
Dartmouth
Fairhaven
Freetown
New Bedford
Westport
9,554
27,244
16,132
8,522
99,922
13,852
10,161
30,666
16,159
8,472
93,768
14,183
607
3,422
27
-50
-6,154
331
%
Change
6.35
12.56
.17
-.59
-6.16
2.39
Source: Dartmouth Affordable Housing Plan, p6.
The population pyramids below provide a portrait of residents by age groups or cohorts.
Both the “baby boom” generation (those born 1946-1964) and the “baby boom echo”
(those born 1979-1994) are readily apparent as major segments of the population (for
Dartmouth this age group also includes the college student population). From 1990–
2000, the percent of the population within the age cohort of 35–55 years increased from
53.25 % of the total population (14,507) to 59.7% of the total population (18,307) with
an absolute increase of nearly 4,000 persons. The median age for Dartmouth during
the same period increased from 36 years old to 38.2 years old.
Section 2: Land Use
2007
2-11
Figure Four: Population Pyramids 1990 vs 2000
Section 2: Land Use
2007
2-12
Another indicator of an aging population with increasing longevity is the rise in the
number of residents over the age of 85. In 1990 this figure was 385 while in 2000, 601
residents were 85 years of age or older.
In addition to an aging population, a demographic factor that is significant to future
development is the change in the composition of households. The 1990-2000 period
continued the household formation trends of smaller households and fewer households
with children. This is related to the aging and longevity of the population, and social
changes including later marriages and increasing divorce rates. Figure Four indicates
the breakdown by type of households in 2000.
Section 2: Land Use
2007
2-13
The 2000 Census figures indicate that the majority of households do not have children –
64.3%. In addition many of the households are small –nearly a quarter of households
(22.3%) are single person households (of which 56% are persons over 65 years of age),
and another 35.4% are married couple households without children (two-person
households). This shift in household composition is consistent with state and national
trends. It indicates that the number and percentage of households that may not need a
large single-family home is increasing.
Section 2: Land Use
2007
2-14
Permits and Development Approvals 1990 – 2000
Planning Board records for the inclusive period of 1994-2004 indicate that a total of
1,146 lots were created in Dartmouth, of which 46 % were “Approval Not Required”
plans (Form A or ANRs- lots on existing roadways) with the remaining lots created
through the construction of new subdivision roads. The 1994 peak reflects a “vesting”
of plans in response to a rezoning that increased the area requirement of Residence B
to a 2-acre minimum lot size. Included, for comparison, is the number of single-family
home building permits issued each year.
Figure Six
This indicates steady residential growth with leveling in the immediate past three years
despite low mortgage interest rates. Another residential growth factor of the past ten
years has been the issuance of Comprehensive Permits for residential projects that
include affordable housing. During the period of 1994-2004 Dartmouth issued 4 permits
under the Chapter 40B Comprehensive Permit process, for a total of 239 housing units
including 180 affordable units. These projects are difficult to plan for as the law allows
them to override local zoning and develop in locations and at densities that exceed local
Section 2: Land Use
2007
2-15
regulations. The Dartmouth 2005 Affordable Housing Strategy (incorporated into this
plan as Chapter IV Housing) examines the need for affordable housing and presents a
strategy for increasing the number of affordable units in order to meet the state
objective of a housing stock with 10% permanently affordable units. As of November
2005, 8.2 % (892 units) of Dartmouth’s housing stock qualifies as affordable. The
Housing Chapter of this plan includes an in depth analysis of the housing stock and
households in Dartmouth, including data on household incomes and housing burden.
Commercial growth during the period 1990–2004 has been extensive. Much of this
growth has taken the form of redevelopment of 1970s retail establishments in the
vicinity of Faunce Corner and Route 6. New retail has replaced old retail, but
Dartmouth has also seen an increase in commercial square footage in the form of big
box retail, strip commercial buildings, and new medical office buildings. During the
inclusive period of 1994- 2004 the Planning Board reviewed parking plans that covered
11,567 parking spaces. Figure Seven presents the yearly reviews completed and
serves as an indicator of the magnitude of non-residential development permitted each
year. The peak in 2003 reflects the new Lowes, Shaw’s, and associated retail space
along Faunce Corner Road.
Map Five indicates the sequence of development covering the period of 1971 through
1999. This series is based on the MassGIS Land Use analysis figures of Table One,
with all of types of development aggregated into one category.
Figure Seven
Section 2: Land Use
2007
2-16
Projected Growth
It can reasonably be assumed that the factors that have encouraged growth in
Dartmouth will continue to play a role in the next 10–15 years including: the relative
affordability of housing as compared to the Boston metropolitan region; the accessibility
of the area to the job markets in the Boston and the Providence, RI metropolitan areas
(including improved accessibility if the commuter train is extended to New Bedford); the
access to the coast; the high quality school system; and the presence of growing and
dynamic regional institutions.
Projections completed by SRPEDD in the development of the 2001 Regional
Transportation Plan indicate that Dartmouth is expected to reach a population of 33,590
in 2010 and 36,907 in 2020. This represents anticipated growth of approximately 9.5%
and 9% for each of these respective decades. In terms of new housing units, the
Regional Transportation Plan assumes a continuation in the decline of the average
household size and sees a gain in housing units for Dartmouth of 1,518 from 20002010 and 1,409 in the period of 2010-2020.
In addition to fulltime residential growth, Dartmouth faces the pressure of increases to
the seasonal housing stock. While there are no firm numbers on the increased
population associated with summer homes, the 2000 Census indicates that 472 housing
units of the Town’s total 11,283 housing units were for seasonal use. This figure may
undercount such use as in addition to these declared seasonal units the 2000 Census
noted 728 vacant housing units. While the Census attempts to distinguish housing units
for seasonal use, increasingly such units are constructed for year-round vacation use
and thus may be more difficult to distinguish as seasonal. Some portion of those
categorized as “vacant” may well be seasonally occupied.
A build-out analysis, commissioned by the Executive Office of Environmental Affairs
(EOEA) in 2000 estimated that if all undeveloped lands in Dartmouth were to be built
out according to existing zoning and environmental regulations, Dartmouth could obtain
a population of 56,871 persons. The Planning Board registered concern over the
methodology, assumptions, and data used for this analysis. In particular, the Planning
Board believed that the actual number of wetland acres is greater than this model
showed and that some of the zoning assumptions used were inaccurate. The Planning
Board estimated that with revised methodology and data the actual build-out population
figure would be closer to 42,000. Assuming an average household size at the current
Census figure of 2.6 persons per household, this translates into an additional 4,359
housing units rather than the 9,658 projected by the EOEA methodology. While this
figure is probably a more accurate estimation, it is important to acknowledge that buildout scenarios represent a final figure and do not correlate the projected growth to a time
period. Additionally, such studies do not account for redevelopment potential nor for
development constructed at higher than allowed densities through the Comprehensive
Permit process.
Map Six combines the developed areas as determined through the 1999 aerial map
analysis with sensitive environmental resources, as a means of visualizing the nature of
Section 2: Land Use
2007
2-17
the remaining undeveloped lands. Some of the undeveloped areas will remain so, as
the resources represent real constraints to development, while other areas could be
developed with mitigation strategies.
Growth Trends and Challenges
Seventeen years after adopting a detailed Growth Management Strategy, Dartmouth
faces some new and some persisting development issues. Given the attributes of the
community, Dartmouth faces continued growth with the associated demands on
services and concurrent impacts on natural resources. Since the last major planning
effort, best practices have evolved with “sustainable development” and “Smart Growth”
becoming mainstream planning concepts. Of particular note are the Sustainable
Development Principles of the Office of Commonwealth Development (OCD) and the
Commonwealth Capital assessment and scoring procedure. These bellwethers, in
combination with the resources in the 2005 OCD “Smart Growth Toolkit”, indicate the
prevailing direction of planning practice. In addition to these new development forms,
technical standards have evolved with advancements in the science examining
connections between the natural and built environment. Examples include new
drainage models that seek to maximize localized recharge to maintain water quantity
and “context-sensitive design” standards promoted by MassHighway for road projects.
This Master Plan is an opportunity to take stock of the implementation efforts of the past
seventeen years, the projected growth trends, and the relevance of best practices in
light of the diverse development patterns and emerging regional role of Dartmouth.
The following summarizes the major growth trends and development related issues
facing Dartmouth today:

Large lot development remains the predominant form of residential
development in Dartmouth today, originally instituted for environmental
protection (nitrogen loading and others). Of the 29,315 acres of land zoned
SR-B, 17% is developed and 27.5% is permanently protected, leaving 55%
undeveloped (although a large portion of this is wetlands). Dartmouth zoning
permits a number of alternatives to the standard subdivision but mandated
changes to this development form have not been instituted. Concern has been
raised about the loss of rural character that accompanies most new residential
developments where there is widespread clear-cutting of trees and the views
from the roadways are altered.

Dartmouth’s emerging role as a regional center has brought benefits and
costs. One of the increasingly problematic costs has been traffic congestion.
At the end of 2005, the Select Board requested assistance from SRPEDD on
evaluating options for improving circulation in key areas of Town. The growth
projected for Dartmouth will bring traffic, and given the limits on mass transit in
a suburban setting, this vexing issue will continue to be a concern.

Agriculture is a rich part of Dartmouth’s history and the Town is a leader in the
arena of farmland preservation. However, the land use changes note a decline
Section 2: Land Use
2007
2-18
in farmland of 23% during 1971-1999. Farms provide jobs and add to the rural
character of the Town. The present economics of farming and land
development pressures make farming a less desirable occupation for the next
generation. Even with many active groups working towards the goal of
farmland preservation, it is a particular challenge to finance the purchase of
development rights. The high cost of coastal farmland is a major obstacle that
typically requires multiple funding sources.
6

The sensitive environmental resources of Dartmouth remain threatened.
Progress has been made but the water resources, particularly those that are
part of the estuary areas, suffer from degradation related to land uses. The
Town is an active partner in programs such as “Turn the Tide” that are aimed
at identifying pollution sources and taking corrective actions. As monitoring
results are reviewed and findings issued, recommendations will be made on
tougher enforcement, stricter standards, and corrective capital improvements.

Dartmouth has experienced re-development of commercial areas, and can
reasonably expect to see more such development in the coming years. One
large project (that also falls into the affordable housing category) is the redevelopment of the former Lincoln Park site. Dartmouth should continue to
adopt new standards into the Town’s bylaws, as re-development allows for the
incorporation of these new approaches at existing sites.

Dartmouth is near but not at the state’s 10% affordable housing goal. Without
this 10%, the community is subject to affordable housing proposals that can
override locally adopted regulations. The 2005 Affordable Housing Strategy
(Chapter IV of this plan) includes recommendations on how the Town can
meet the outstanding need for affordable housing in a manner deemed
conducive to Dartmouth.

The University of Massachusetts Dartmouth continues to grow in prestige and
expand in programming and size. New dorms construction will increase the
number of boarding students to 3,900 of a total student body of roughly 8,200.
The University has the full time equivalent of 972 6employees. This institution
will continue to play a major role in the development of the community by
bringing in additional residents, visitors the related impacts.

In recent years citizens have raised concerns to the Planning Board about the
quality of the design of major projects. The Planning Board responded with the
appointment of a study committee to review the issue of design guidelines for
large-scale projects. Initial study and review led to the drafting of regulations
but as of yet, no final action has been taken by the Planning Board.

The aging population and changing household composition in Dartmouth (as
well as the state and nation) has implications for future growth and
development. As the baby boomers age, the desire for different housing types
www.umassd.edu
Section 2: Land Use
2007
2-19
and the demand for services may shift. This issue is being studied and
monitored by many organizations with prognostications on lifestyle choices and
on the average lifespan but little hard data exists. Trends noted include
increased second home purchases, return to urban areas, and a desire for nomaintenance living.7
7

The passage of the Community Preservation Act provides additional funding
for local priorities in the areas of open space preservation, affordable housing
initiatives, and historic preservation. This recent addition provides resources
for implementation of the priorities in the Open Space Plan and Affordable
Housing Strategy.

Related to the issue of design guidelines for new major projects is the concern
for maintaining the character of the historic village areas. Infill design
standards to preserve the unique aesthetics of the villages have been noted in
a variety of documents (including the 2002 Open Space Plan and the 2005
Affordable Housing Strategy) along with the desire to preserve scenic views.
“Mansionization”, or the replacement of smaller existing homes with over-sized
new residences, is a growing concern in the community.
CITE
Section 2: Land Use
2007
2-20
SECTION 3
HOUSING
Photos: Greg Guimond
Section 3 Affordable Housing Plan
3.1 Introduction
Chapter 40B was enacted in 1969 to help address the shortage of affordable housing in
Massachusetts by reducing unnecessary barriers created by local approval processes, local
zoning, and other restrictions. Its goal is to encourage the production of affordable housing (for
low and moderate income households earning 80% or less than the area median income) in all
communities throughout the Commonwealth. Specifically, each Massachusetts municipality
must ensure that at least 10% of its year-round housing stock is affordable.
If a municipality has less than 10% of its year-round housing set aside for low and moderate
income residents, according to a Commonwealth of Massachusetts standard, it is not meeting
regional and local need for affordable housing. Not meeting this affordability standard makes
the municipality susceptible to a state override of local zoning if a developer chooses to create
affordable housing through the Chapter 40B comprehensive permit process1.
Planned Production Regulations adopted by the Commonwealth in December of 2002 allow
municipalities to exert some control over the 40B process if they are able to demonstrate that
they are making a good faith effort to meet the state mandated 10% goal by: (1) developing and
adopting an affordable housing plan for approval by the Massachusetts Department of Housing
and Community Development (DHCD); and (2) requesting Certification of Compliance with
the approved plan by demonstrating an increase in low and moderate income housing units
within one calendar year of at least ¾ of one percent (0.75%) of total year-round housing units
(based on the 2000 Census) pursuant to the plan.
In response to these 2002 regulations, the Town of Dartmouth’s Select Board established the
Affordable Housing Committee (“the Committee”). The Committee’s mission is to act as an
advocate for the creation of housing that is affordable to low and moderate income individuals
and families. The Committee established two major goals for the creation of affordable housing:
(1) to enable people who work or have been raised in Dartmouth to live in their community
thereby maintaining income diversity, and (2) to assist the Town in complying with the state’s
Chapter 40B requirements by managing new development that is consistent with the Town’s
goals.
The Committee is comprised of several members representing a diverse cross section of the
community including long-time residents, members of other Town boards and committees, real
estate professionals, Town staff, and others. Daylor Consulting Group, Inc. was retained by the
Town of Dartmouth to work with the Dartmouth Affordable Housing Committee and to complete
a Comprehensive Affordable Housing Plan appropriate for submission to DHCD.
1
Chapter 774 of the Acts of 1969 established the Massachusetts Comprehensive Permit Law (Massachusetts General laws
Chapter 40B) to facilitate the development of affordable housing for low and moderate income households (defined as any
housing subsidized by the developer or state governments under any program to assist in the construction of low or moderate
income housing for those earning less than 80% of median income) by permitting the state to override local zoning and other
restrictions in communities where less than 10% of the year-round housing is subsidized for low and moderate income
households
Section 3: Housing
2007
3-1
Study Methodology
Dartmouth’s Affordable Housing plan was developed in two separate and distinct phases.
Phase I focused on the review and assessment of research already completed as well as the
collection of new information used to: (1) identify local housing needs, (2) to determine what
resources are available to meet those needs, and (3) to obtain a comprehensive understanding
of the gaps in Dartmouth’s current housing services and programs. The information used in
Phase I was collected through interviews with numerous staff from the Town of Dartmouth and
various boards and social service agencies that serve the community. Other sources of
information included: (1) demographic data from the U.S. Census, the Massachusetts Institute
of Social and Economic Research (MISER), and the Southeastern Regional Planning and
Economic Development District (SRPEDD); and (2) housing data provided by the Town of
Dartmouth, area brokers and real estate professionals, and the Warren Information Group.
The Phase II analysis completed during the spring of 2004 focused on providing a framework for
preserving and creating new affordable housing opportunities in Dartmouth. Guided by the
context established by Phase I, action plans were created, each including the rationale for the
strategy, the timetable for implementation, and the estimated costs involved. The action plans
will provide a blueprint to enable the Town’s Select Board, the Affordable Housing Committee,
the Housing Authority, and other key committees to chart a course for the future with respect to
meeting the 10% State affordable housing standard and pressing local housing needs.
The Affordable Housing Plan reflects input from a wide variety of sources. The primary
mechanism used to gather input for the Affordable Housing Plan included two public workshops,
widely advertised throughout the community. Numerous Dartmouth citizens and other
interested individuals attended and provided comments on issues related the Affordable
Housing Plan. Dartmouth’s Planning Staff and the newly appointed Affordable Housing
Committee also reviewed and provided comments regarding proposed policies and programs.
3.2
Housing Needs Assessment
The Housing Needs Assessment provides insight into the nature of Dartmouth’s affordable
housing needs by examining: (1) local area demographics; (2) existing housing supply
characteristics; (3) housing market activity; (4) housing costs and affordability; (4); extent of
subsidized housing; (5) housing need; and (5) zoning bylaw.
Community Description
Dartmouth, which was incorporated in 1664, has remained throughout most of its history as a
rural agricultural community. In the early 19th century, however, the Town’s character changed
as wealthy city dwellers from New Bedford built or purchased vacation homes. Although
Dartmouth is now primarily a suburban bedroom community, the Town came into the 20th
century with significant portions of its historic character intact: there is still farming in Dartmouth
and many non-town residents still own vacation homes in Dartmouth. The construction of
Section 3: Housing
2007
3-2
Southeastern Massachusetts University in the 1960's (now the University of Massachusetts
Dartmouth) accelerated the Town's growth in residential development.
Dartmouth’s housing supply is an eclectic mix of dense villages, historic homes, apartments,
and newer suburban construction. Dartmouth residents are proud of the fact that Dartmouth’s
past and present co-exist: the past in its farms, churches, villages, and scenic rural roads and
the present in Route 6 commercial development, the Dartmouth Mall, and emerging industrial
areas.
Local Area Demographics
This demographic profile provides an overview of Dartmouth’s population and household
growth, as well as social characteristics of the Town’s population, including household
composition, age, and income. This information is relevant for determining future housing
trends in Dartmouth and how they may affect growth and the need for various types of housing,
public facilities, and services.
While the focus of this demographic profile is on Dartmouth, regional, and statewide data are
provided for the purpose of comparison. In some instances, information for adjacent
communities is also included so that a sense of Dartmouth’s role in the region may be
established. Dartmouth is a member of the Southeastern Regional Planning and Economic
Development District (SRPEDD), which is comprised of 27 cities and towns. Dartmouth is
located in Bristol County and its neighboring communities include Acushnet, Fairhaven, Fall
River, Freetown, New Bedford, and Westport.
Population and Growth
Population is defined as the number of persons residing in a defined geographic area. The
census counts people at their “usual residence”, or where they live and sleep most of the time.
Table 3-1 provides a comparison of historical and projected growth rates for Dartmouth and the
SRPEDD Region. Growth trends experienced by Dartmouth were more than double those
observed for the SRPEDD region between 1990 and 2000. During the 1990s, Dartmouth
grew from 27,244 persons to 30,666 persons, an increase of 3,422 or 12.56%. The SRPEDD
region grew from 563,130 persons to 597,294 persons, an increase of 6.07%. Projected
population growth rates are also higher for Dartmouth than for the SRPEDD region, although
the projected growth rates are expected to slow to 9.22% by 2020.
It is important to note that while projections are somewhat helpful in planning for the future, they
do not necessarily reflect what is actually occurring within an area. Additionally, they are often
more accurate when attempting to project population growth for a larger geographic area, such
as a region or a county than for an individual community.
Section 3: Housing
2007
3-3
Table 3-1
Population and Growth Projections, 1990 - 2020
Town of Dartmouth and SRPEDD Region
Year
1990
2000
2010*
2020*
1990 Census
27,244
30,666
33,782
36,898
Number
Change
-3,422
3,116
3,116
Percent
Change
-12.56
10.16
9.22
SRPEDD
Population
563,130
597,294
641,166
684,053
Number
Change
-34,164
43,872
42,887
Percent
Change
-6.07
7.35
6.69
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 1990 and 2000; SRPEDD.
*Projections were developed for the Town of Dartmouth by SRPEDD.
Table 3-2 depicts the 1990-2000 growth trends for Dartmouth and for many of its nearby
communities. It should be noted that the growth experienced during the 1990s might not
necessarily be indicative of long-term growth trends in the region or in Dartmouth.
Table 3-2
Population Growth, 1990 – 2000
Town of Dartmouth and Surrounding Communities
Community
Acushnet
Dartmouth
Fairhaven
Fall River
Freetown
New Bedford
Westport
1990
9,554
27,244
16,132
92,703
8,522
99,922
13,852
2000
10,161
30,666
16,159
91,938
8,472
93,768
14,183
Number
Change
607
3,422
27
-765
-50
-6,154
331
Percent
Change
6.35
12.56
0.17
-0.83
-0.59
-6.16
2.39
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 1990 and 2000.
Section 3: Housing
2007
3-4
Households
A household includes all the persons who occupy a housing unit. A housing unit is considered a
house, apartment, mobile home, group of homes, or single room that is occupied as separate
living quarters. The occupants may be a single family, one person living alone, two or more
families living together, or any other group of related or unrelated persons who share living
arrangements. Table 3-3 compares historical and projected numbers of households and
household size in Dartmouth and the region. The number of households in Dartmouth
increased from 9,190 in 1990 to 10,555 in 2000, a growth of 1,365 households or 14.9%.
Consistent with statewide trends that are showing household growth rates that exceed
population growth rates, Dartmouth’s household growth rate during the 1990s was higher than
its population growth rate.
Consistent with statewide and national trends, the number of persons per household in
Dartmouth decreased during this time, from 2.73 to 2.60 persons per household. This
was lower than the SPREDD Region (2.67) average and higher than the state (2.51) average.
However, the decrease in household size was less pronounced in Dartmouth than it was in the
region and larger than the decrease in household size observed for the state. In 1990, the
SPREDD region had an average household size of 2.80 while the state had an average of 2.58.
Table 3-3
Household Trends, 1990-2000
Town of Dartmouth and SRPEDD Region
Dartmouth
Percent Persons Per
Year
Households Change
Household
1990
9,190
-2.73
2000
10,555
14.9
2.60
Sources: U.S. Census Bureau, 1990 and 2000.
SRPEDD Region
Percent Persons Per
Households
Change Household
208,604
-2.80
229,491
10.0
2.67
Household Composition
In 1990, Dartmouth had 9,190 households, 7,107 of those households (77.3%) consisted of
family households while 2,083 households (22.7%) were non-family households, see Table 3-4.
Family households are those in which the householder lives with one or more persons that they
are related to by birth, marriage, or adoption. Non-family households are households that
consist of a single householder living alone or a householder that lives with non-relatives only.
In 1990, the majority of family households, 6,018 (65.5% of total households) consisted of
married couple families. The remainder of Dartmouth’s family households were divided
between female-headed families (9.1%) and male-headed families (2.7%).
Of non-family
households, 2,083 (12.2% of total households) consisted of a single householder 65 years or
older living alone.
Section 3: Housing
2007
3-5
In 2000, while household composition in Dartmouth remained relatively consistent from
1990, the percentage of family households decreased by 10.0% to 74.1%. In addition, the
share of non-family households increased by approximately 31.4%, from 22.7% in 1990 to
25.9% in 2000. The share of family households that consisted of married-couple families
decreased to 61.3%, from 65.5% in 1990. The proportion of female-headed households
increased by 20.6%. In addition, the number of male-headed households increased slightly
from 2.7% in 1990 to 4.3% in 2000. The share and number of single elderly person households
65 years and over increased by 18.2% or 204 households.
Table 3-4
Household Composition, 1990-2000
Town of Dartmouth
Household Type
Family Households
Married Couple Families
Female Headed Families
Non-Family Households
Householder Living Alone
Householder 65+ Living Alone
Other Non-Family Households
Total Households
1990
Percent
Number of Total
7,107
77.3
6,018
65.5
839
9.1
2,083
22.7
1,815
19.7
1,119
12.2
268
2.9
9,190
100.0
2000
Number
7,817
6,466
1,012
2,738
2,349
1,323
389
10,555
Percent
of Total
74.1
61.3
9.6
25.9
22.3
12.5
3.7
100.0
1990-2000 Change
Percent
Number
Change
710
10.0
448
7.4
173
20.6
655
31.4
534
29.4
204
18.2
121
45.1
1,365
14.9
In comparing the growth of household types in Dartmouth between 1990 and 2000, several
trends become apparent that will likely affect future housing demand. First, non-family
households grew at a faster rate than did family households (31.4% as compared to 10.0%).
Among family households, married-couple family households experienced only a slight gain,
increasing by only 7.42%, while male-headed families increased at a rate of 35.6%, and femaleheaded families grew at a rate of 20.6%. Among non-family households, the fastest growing
segment was other non-family households, which grew by 45.1%. Other householders living
alone increased by 29.4%. Finally, households comprised of elderly householders 65+ living
alone experienced an increase of 18.2%.
Age Characteristics
In recent years, the most substantial population growth in Dartmouth occurred among
residents 85 years and over. This population cohort grew by 56.1%, see Table 2-5. The
second largest increase was among residents age 45 – 64, which increased by 34.0%. The
third largest increase was in the number of school-aged children between the ages of 5 and 19,
which increased by 11.5%. In addition, there was a moderate increase (6.6%) among
Dartmouth residents between the ages of 65 – 84. The only decline was in the number of
Section 3: Housing
2007
3-6
residents under 5, which decreased by 17.8%. Dartmouth’s median age in 2000 was 38.2
years old—considerably higher than the median ages for the SRPEDD region (34.5) and
the state (36.5).
Table 3-5
Age Distribution, 1990-2000
Town of Dartmouth
1990
2000
Percent
Percent
Age
Persons of Total Persons of Total
Under 5
1,667
6.1
1,370
4.5
5 – 19
5,873
21.6
6,549
21.3
20 - 24
2,503
9.2
2,661
8.7
25 - 44
7,379
27.1
7,909
25.7
45 - 64
5,532
20.3
7,414
24.2
65 - 84
3,905
14.3
4,162
13.6
85 & over
385
1.4
601
2.0
Total
27,244
100.0
30,666
100.0
1990-2000 Change
Percent
Number Change
-297
-17.8
676
11.5
158
6.3
530
7.2
1,882
34.0
257
6.6
216
56.1
3,422
12.6
Income Distribution
Table 3-6 compares the Town’s 2000 household income distribution with that of the SRPEDD
Region and the state. In general, the Town had a greater share of households earning
$100,000 or more than the region and a lower share of households earning less than
$15,000 than either the region or the state. In 2000, approximately 12.6% of the Town’s
households had incomes of less than $15,000, as compared to approximately 17.2% of the
region’s households and approximately 14.4% of Massachusetts’s households. Comparatively,
in 2000 approximately 15.1% of the Town’s households earned incomes of $100,000 or more,
compared to 10.9% for the SRPEDD region and 17.7% for the state. See Table 3-6 for a
breakdown.
Section 3: Housing
2007
3-7
Table 3- 6
Income Distribution, 2000
Town of Dartmouth, SRPEDD Region, and Massachusetts
Income
Less than $15,000
$15,000 - $24,999
$25,000 - $34,999
$35,000 - $49,999
$50,000 - $74,999
$75,000 - $99,999
$100,000 or more
Dartmouth
Households
1,327
1,201
1,008
1,645
2,433
1,328
1,601
Dartmouth
Percent
12.6
11.4
9.6
15.6
23.1
12.6
15.1
SRPEDD
Region
Percent
17.2
12.1
10.9
15.5
21.3
12.0
10.9
Massachusetts
Percent
14.4
10.2
10.4
14.5
20.1
12.8
17.7
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2000.
Given the income distribution in Dartmouth, it is not surprising that the Town’s median
household income was higher than that of the region and the state. In 2000, the median
household income in Dartmouth was $50,742. This figure is about 31.2% higher than the 2000
median household income for the SRPEDD region, which was $38,667, and .47% lower than
the state median income of $50,502.
Consistent with the income distribution in recent years, Dartmouth has a similar percentage of
residents living in poverty to the SRPEDD region and the state. In 2000, it was estimated that,
of the persons for whom poverty status2 was determined, those below the poverty level
numbered 1,462 or 7.3%. This percentage was similar to the comparable figure for the
SRPEDD region (10.0%) and Massachusetts (9.3%).
Data on poverty status was derived from answers to income questions in the 1990 and 2000 census.
Households are classified below the poverty level when the total income of the family or of the nonfamily householder is below the appropriate poverty threshold. Poverty thresholds vary depending upon
three criteria: (1) size of family, (2) number of children, and (3) age of the family householder or
unrelated individuals for one and two-person households. In determining the poverty status of families
and unrelated individuals, the U.S. Census Bureau used income cutoffs which included a set of 48
thresholds arranged in a two-dimensional matrix consisting of family size (from one person to nine or
more people) cross-classified by presence and number of children (from no children present to eight or
more children present).Characteristics of Existing Housing Supply
3.3 Housing Units
As shown in Table 3-7 below, there were 11,283 housing units in Dartmouth based on the 2000
Census. This represents an increase of 1,294 housing units, or 13.0%, from the 1990 Census
2
Poverty status is determined for all persons except institutionalized persons, persons in military group quarters, persons in
college dormitories and unrelated individuals under 15 years old.
Section 3: Housing
2007
3-8
total. During this same time period, the number of housing units grew by 7.5% in the SRPEDD
region and 6.0% statewide. The Town’s net housing growth rate during the 1990s was
higher than both the region and state averages, indicating considerable new housing
development in Dartmouth.
Table 3-7
Housing Units, 1990-2000
Town of Dartmouth, SPREDD Region, and Massachusetts
Housing Units
Dartmouth
SRPEDD Region
Massachusetts
1990 Census
9,989
228,304
2,472,710
2000 Census
11,283
245,351
2,621,947
Percent
Change
13.0
7.5
6.0
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 1990 and 2000.
Age and Condition of Housing Stock
Information on the age of Dartmouth’s housing stock is presented in Table 2-8. Approximately
22% of the Town’s housing stock was constructed prior to 1940; another 32.4% between 1940
and 1969; and nearly 31.7% between 1970 and 1989. Almost 14% of the Town’s housing
(1,540 units) has been constructed during the past decade.
Table 3-8
Age of Housing Stock, 2000
Town of Dartmouth
Year Built
1939 or earlier
1940 to 1959
1960 to 1969
1970 to 1979
1980 to 1989
1990 to 2000
Total
Age
more than 61 years
41-60 years
31-40 years
21-30 years
11-20 years
10 years or less
Number
2,515
2,248
1,405
1,921
1,654
1,540
11,283
Percent
of Total
22.3
19.9
12.5
17.0
14.7
13.7
100.0
The condition of Dartmouth’s housing stock was examined based on a visual “windshield
survey” of the Town’s neighborhoods. The Town’s housing stock is generally in good condition.
There are, however, a handful of units in fair or poor condition scattered throughout the Town.
Generally, problems with housing conditions stem from the age of the structures themselves
(e.g., lead paint, poor energy efficiency, etc.).
Section 3: Housing
2007
3-9
Housing Stock by Type
Information of the Town’s housing structures is presented in Table 3-9. Based on the 2000
Census, 82.6% of Dartmouth’s housing was single-family, while the remainder consisted
of various types of multi-family housing. Nearly 9.5% of the housing stock consisted of
small multi-family structures, including duplexes, triplexes, and four-unit structures. The
remaining housing included small apartment buildings (up to nine units) and larger apartment
buildings or complexes (ten or more units). Figure 3-1 and Figure 3-2 show on a parcel basis,
housing types available in Dartmouth. Zoning district boundaries are also included in these two
figures in order to develop a better understanding of permitted uses in a particular geographic
area. It is VERY important to note that these figures or maps do not illustrate areas developed
for commercial, institutional, or industrial use. In addition, protected lands are not shown, and
the reader should not assume from theses maps that non-colored areas are necessarily
available for new housing development.
Table 3-9
Types of Units and/or Structures, 2000
Town of Dartmouth
Type of Structure
Single-family (detached)3
Single-family (attached)4
Two units
Three or four units
Five to nine units
Ten to nineteen units
Twenty or more units
Mobile Home
Total Units
Number
9,321
214
699
370
258
148
236
37
11,283
Percent of Total
82.6
1.9
6.2
3.3
2.3
1.3
2.1
0.3
100.0
Housing Tenure
The rate of home ownership has increased slightly within the Town over the past ten
years. Approximately 80.7% of occupied housing units in Dartmouth were owner-occupied in
2000 as compared to 80.0% in 1990. The proportion of units that were renter-occupied
decreased from 20.0% in 1990 to 19.3% in 2000. While total housing stock increased
3
Single-family (detached) represents a 1-unit structure detached from any other house; that is, with open space on all four sides.
Such structures are considered detached even if they have an adjoining shed or garage. A 1-family house that contains a business
is considered detached as long as the building has open space on all four sides. Mobile homes to which one or more permanent
rooms have been added or built also are included.
4
Single-family (attached) represents a 1-unit structure that has one or more walls extending from ground to roof separating it
from adjoining structures. In row houses (sometimes called townhouses), double houses, or houses attached to nonresidential
structures, each house is a separate, attached structure if the dividing or common wall goes from ground to roof.
Section 3: Housing
2007
3-10
during the 1990s, the majority of new units constructed have been owner-occupied.
These trends have been manifested in the construction of new single-family homes in the
outlying sections of the Town during the 1990s (which are almost exclusively owner-occupied).
Very little rental housing was constructed during this time.
Length of Residency
Table 3-10 shows the length of residency for Dartmouth residents as compared to the SRPEDD
region and residents statewide. The “length of residency” statistic indicates how long the head
of household has lived in his or her current residence, not how long the householder has lived in
the Town. Thus, it is a measure of the average turnover of housing units—and not a direct
measure of new residential influx. Turnover is a useful statistic because it is related to the rate
of new construction as well as to changes in the cost of rental and sale units. Very often, areas
that are subject to escalating prices experience higher than normal turnover rates. As
previously affordable units become unaffordable, residents are either forced to move because of
rising rents or property taxes, or choose to “cash in” by selling their homes.
As shown in Table 3-10, the rate of turnover in Dartmouth is significantly less than in the
SRPEDD region or the state overall. The percentage of households that has been in place for
five years or less in Dartmouth is 31.0% as compared to 40.8% for the SRPEDD region and
44.4% for the state. In addition, the percentage of households that has been in place for eleven
years or longer is more than the state and region averages: 54.6% in Dartmouth compared to
42.8% for the SRPEDD region and 40% statewide.
Table 3-10
Length of Residency by Householder, 2000
Town of Dartmouth, SPREDD Region, and Massachusetts
Length
One year or less
Two to five years
Six to ten years
Eleven to twenty years
Twenty-one to thirty years
Thirty-one years or longer
Total Householders5
Town of Dartmouth
Percent of
Number
Total
802
7.6
2,467
23.4
1,535
14.5
2,140
20.3
1,747
16.6
1,864
17.7
10,555
100.0
SRPEDD Region
Percent
14.5
26.3
16.3
17.1
11.8
13.9
229,491
Massachusetts
Percent
16.4
28.0
15.6
16.1
10.5
13.4
2,443,580
5
This total reflects the total number of occupied units, which is smaller than the total number of units.
Section 3: Housing
2007
3-11
3.4 The Housing Market
Vacancy Rate and Unoccupied Units
Vacancy rate is an indicator of the availability of housing units. Generally, a vacancy rate of 5%
is considered ideal because it allows occupants to move freely in the marketplace. A vacancy
rate below 5% indicates that there is demand for additional housing. Dartmouth’s 2000
homeownership vacancy rate was 0.5%, as compared to 0.5% in the SRPEDD region, and
0.6% for the state. In addition, the 2000 rental vacancy rate was 3.0% in Dartmouth, as
compared to 2.9% in the SRPEDD region, and 1.4% in the state. These statistics indicate a
“tight” housing market in Dartmouth as well as the region and the state.
While the vacancy rate includes only units that are available for rent or sale, the number of
unoccupied units also includes dwellings that are not available for rent or sale because they are
abandoned, dilapidated, or otherwise not suitable for habitation. In 2000, the number of
unoccupied units in Dartmouth was 178 or 1.6% of the Town’s housing stock, as compared to
3.1% for the state (these figures exclude housing units utilized for seasonal, recreational, or
occasional use). Consistent with statewide trends, the percentage of unoccupied units was
down slightly from 1990. In 1990, 175 units, or 1.8% of the Town’s housing stock, was
unoccupied. In general, the decrease in both vacant and unoccupied units during the 1990s is
an indicator of a strengthening housing market in which housing demand is high and owners
have substantial incentives to rehabilitate and rent unoccupied units. An indicator that market
conditions in the Town were not quite as strong as were conditions experienced elsewhere in
the state, may be the fact that the decrease in vacant units in Dartmouth was not as great as the
decrease experienced by the state (although the difference is marginal).
Home Sales Activity – Market Rate
Home sales increased substantially in Dartmouth between 1993 and 2003. An average of 304
homes (including both condominium units and single-family houses) were sold each year from
1993 to 2003. Dartmouth’s housing market is very similar to other Massachusetts housing
markets—which have had many ups and downs. The peak of sales activity occurred in 2001,
when 362 units were sold; the lowest point was 2002, when only 263 homes were sold. See
Table 3-11.
Section 3: Housing
2007
3-12
Table 3-11
Home Sales Activity, 1993-2003
Town of Dartmouth
Year
Single-Family
Home Sales
Condominium
Unit Sales
Other
Sales6
Total
Home Sales
Total
Sales
252
300
249
251
258
281
296
302
344
248
323
16
39
22
26
28
19
18
19
18
15
16
209
223
204
213
234
309
319
238
214
201
216
268
339
271
277
286
300
314
321
362
263
339
477
562
475
490
520
609
633
559
576
464
525
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
Source: Banker and Tradesman.
Table 3-12
Housing Permit Data and Construction Costs
Single-Family Units, 1995-2003
Town of Dartmouth and Bristol County
Dartmouth
Bristol County
Year
Total Cost
Number of
Units
Average
Cost/Unit
Total Cost
Number of
Units
Average
Cost/Unit
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
$13,613,165
$14,203,827
$14,410,743
$15,843,762
$15,733,142
$20,591,643
$18,382,487
NA
NA
124
129
131
144
143
150
134
126
121
$109,784
$110,107
$110,006
$110,026
$110,022
$137,278
$137,183
NA
NA
$144,943,181
$163,273,829
$174,073,496
$206,310,753
$205,643,047
$205526367
$192,827,966
NA
NA
1,400
1,513
1,473
1,666
1,683
1,526
1,337
NA
NA
$103,531
$107,914
$118,176
$123,836
$122,188
$134,683
$144,224
NA
NA
Source: MISER/Massachusetts State Data Center.
6
Data for “Other Sales” includes sales data for other housing types (i.e. two-family, etc.) as well as commercial properties.
Section 3: Housing
2007
3-13
Proposed Homes – Market Rate
In reviewing housing permit data from 1995 through 2003, two trends become apparent. First,
the number of single-family homes constructed in Dartmouth and Bristol County has remained
fairly constant for the past nine years, although the overall number has tapered slightly.
Second, the average construction cost of single-family homes in Dartmouth, between 1995 and
2001 generally parallels the cost of homes constructed in Bristol County. According to the
Town’s Director of Inspectional Services, most newly constructed units in recent years have
been averaging approximately 2,500 s.f. in area.
The Town of Dartmouth issued a very limited number of permits for multi-family structures
between 1995 and 2001. During 2002 and 2003, however, permits were issued for 80
apartment units in 5 buildings as part of the Dartmouth Woods development located on Route 6.
The Town anticipates that additional permits for this project will be issued in the coming year.
Rental Units – Market Rate
Although there are a number of rental units available in the market, nearly 100% of those units
are subsidized and available to moderate or low-income families and individuals, see Housing
Affordability Indices for a more detailed discussion of affordability. In addition, almost all of
these housing units are age restricted (55+) and cater to Dartmouth’s elderly population. These
units will be discussed in Affordable Housing Inventory.
There are two multi-family market rate apartment buildings totaling 150 units that cater to
Dartmouth’s elderly population by providing high-end assisted living options. “Heritage at
Dartmouth” is located at 2380 Cross Road. The apartment complex was constructed in 1997
and provides 60 units (14 studio, 38 one-bedroom, 8 two bedroom) of rental housing. “Sunrise
Assisted Living” located at 274 Slocum Road is also an Assisted Living Facility that was
constructed in 1999 and offers 90 market rate studio units. An additional 78 market rate
assisted living apartment units (a mix of studio / one and two bedroom units) were provided off
of Route 6 with the opening of “The Cedars”.
A number of additional units are available at “Tucker Road Apartments” and at “Solemar
Apartments”. Other than these projects, rental housing in Dartmouth is limited to single-family
homes and/or accessory in-law apartments. According to local area realtors single-family
homes can rent for approximately $1,100 a month for a two-bedroom and $1,500 a month for a
three bedroom, plus utilities. Most of these types of rentals are advertised through local papers
or by word of mouth rather than using a real estate broker.
Proposed Rental Units – Market Rate
There is one approved market rate multi-family development in Dartmouth, which is the
“Dartmouth Woods Project” located at 628 State Road. The project was approved for 208 units
of rental housing in 2003. Construction of the development, which is limited to two bedroom
apartments in three story walk-ups, started in 2003. Thirteen buildings will be constructed with
16 units each. To date, seven buildings have been completed and several more are under
Section 3: Housing
2007
3-14
construction. The project will have a full-service clubhouse and offer various amenities not
typical of Dartmouth area rental projects (i.e. computer center and gym). The units are renting
at approximately $1,200 per month and occupancy is expected to be close to 100% by the end
of the year.
The University of Massachusetts Dartmouth - The University of Massachusetts Dartmouth,
located off of Route 6 in the heart of Dartmouth’s main commercial area, had over 7,000
students enrolled in 2003. Nearly 38% of those students live on campus, 10% are estimated to
live in Dartmouth, and the remaining students commute from outside of Dartmouth. The
number of students living in Dartmouth severely impact the availability of affordable rental
housing, which is in limited supply. When a significant number of students are added to the
pool of potential tenants, competition becomes fierce and many permanent Dartmouth residents
are unable to compete. The University is constructing new dormitories that will house
approximately 1,100 students. The project will be completed in three phases between 2004 and
2006.
3.5 Housing Costs and Affordability
Housing Affordability Indices
The definition of housing affordability considers both the price of the housing unit and the
income of the household occupant. It should be noted that the term “affordable housing” is
relative, since it depends on the income of the household. Affordable housing is not the same
thing as subsidized housing for persons of low and/or moderate income, although subsidized
housing is one type of affordable housing.
A generally accepted standard used to define affordability is that monthly housing costs should
not exceed 30% of gross household income. A guideline used by banks when evaluating home
mortgage applications is that monthly payments should not exceed 30-33% of household
income. In 2000, it was estimated that approximately 22% of Dartmouth’s homeowners
and at least 23% of Dartmouth’s renters spent more than 30% of their household income
on housing costs, and were therefore living in housing considered “unaffordable” given
their income level.
In order to determine the affordability of rental units, it is assumed that a household could pay
up to 30% of their gross income for rent. For example, a family earning the median family
income for the New Bedford, MA Primary Metropolitan Statistical Area (PMSA)7 of $52,700
could afford up to $12,468 in annual rent, or $1,054 in monthly rent payments.
7
Because housing markets are regional in nature, affordability is calculated based on median family income for the region in
which a community is located. State and federal housing programs also use income statistics for the New Bedford, MA PMSA as
the benchmark to determine housing affordability in Dartmouth.
Section 3: Housing
2007
3-15
In order to determine the affordability of ownership units for a given family, it is necessary to
estimate the maximum price of a home that the family could afford if they are to spend no more
than 30% of their income on housing costs including mortgage payments, property taxes and
insurance. This calculation depends on many factors including interest rates (which, in turn, are
affected by the borrower’s credit rating), length of the mortgage (e.g., 15-year vs. 30-year), and
amount of the down payment. Based on assumptions for a typical home buyer, a family earning
the median household income for the New Bedford, MA PMSA of $52,700 could afford a home
costing approximately $215,170.8
A Cost of Homeownership Units
According to Banker and Tradesman, the median sales price for all single-family houses in
Dartmouth in 2003 was $263,500 while the median sales price for condominiums was $346,000.
See Figure 2-3 for a ten-year history of median home sales prices in Dartmouth.
Figure 3-3
Median Home Sales Price, 1993 – 2003
Town of Dartmouth
Single-Family
20
03
20
01
19
99
19
97
Condominium
19
95
19
93
400,000
350,000
300,000
250,000
200,000
150,000
100,000
50,000
0
Source: Banker & Tradesman
Table 3-13 provides a breakdown of single-family homeownership units in Dartmouth by price,
showing what percentage of each type of unit is affordable to households in various income
brackets. Table 3-14 provides a breakdown of multi-family homeownership units in Dartmouth
by price, showing what percentage of each type of unit is affordable to households in various
income brackets. Table 3-15 provides a breakdown of condominium ownership units in
Dartmouth by price, showing what percent of each type of unit is affordable to households in
various income brackets.
8
This analysis examines median family income rather than median household income as the measure of affordability because
“affordability” for the purposes M.G.L. Chapter 40B and certain other programs is defined based on median family income for
the MSA. It should be noted, however, that many individuals that require housing live in non-family households. Thus, median
household income is more indicative of the total range of living groups requiring housing.
Section 3: Housing
2007
3-16
Table 3-13
Approximate Cost of Single-Family Homeownership Units, 2003
Town of Dartmouth
Home Price Range
Less than $64,600
$64,601 - $107,600
$107,601 - $172,100
$172,101 - $215,200
$215,201 - $322,800
More than $322,801
Total
Affordability Range
(% of Median HH Income)
Less than 30%
30% - 50%
50% - 80%
80% - 100%
100% - 150%
More than 150%
Single-Family Units
Number
Percent of Total
7
0.07
57
0.61
1,827
19.59
2,182
23.40
3,132
33.58
2,122
22.75
9,327
100.00
Source: Town of Dartmouth Assessor’s Database.
Table 3-14
Approximate Cost of Multi-Family Homeownership Units, 2003
Town of Dartmouth
Home Price Range
Less than $64,600
$64,601 - $107,600
$107,601 - $172,100
$172,101 - $215,200
$215,201 - $322,800
More than $322,801
Total
Affordability Range
(% of Median HH
Income)
Less than 30%
30% - 50%
50% - 80%
80% - 100%
100% - 150%
More than 150%
Two-Family Units
Percent
Number of Total
0
0.00
1
0.28
86
24.36
135
38.24
99
28.05
32
9.07
353
100.00
Three-Family Units
Percent
Number of Total
0
0.00
1
2.50
3
7.50
17
42.50
16
40.00
3
7.50
40
100.00
Section 3: Housing
2007
3-17
Table 3-15
Approximate Cost of Condominium Homeownership Units, 2003
Town of Dartmouth
Home Price Range
Less than $64,600
$64,601 - $107,600
$107,601 - $172,100
$172,101 - $215,200
$215,201 - $322,800
More than $322,801
Total
Affordability Range
(% of Median HH
Income)
Less than 30%
30% - 50%
50% - 80%
80% - 100%
100% - 150%
More than 150%
Condominium Units
Percent
Number
of Total
0
0.00
0
0.00
8
2.89
12
4.33
118
42.60
139
50.18
277
100.00
Cost of Rental Housing
Rental housing in Massachusetts has become much more expensive in recent years,
particularly in the eastern part of the state, where rental housing shortages in Boston and its
inner suburbs have exerted pressure on rental markets in the outer suburbs and more distant
communities accessible to Boston by rail. However, Dartmouth’s location appears to be
sufficiently removed from Boston that rents have not escalated in Dartmouth at the rate that they
have closer to Boston. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, median gross rent in Dartmouth
was only $677 per month in 2000, compared to the Bristol County median of $665 and the
statewide median of $684.
Conversations with local brokers would suggest that information provided by the U.S. Census
Bureau does not accurately reflect market conditions. A more realistic picture of the rental
situation in Dartmouth is evidenced by recent listings. The prices of one and two bedrooms are
barely affordable to moderate income households. In addition, large rentals are out of the range
of all but high-income households. The vacancy rate for rental units is a low 3.0%, which will
tend to push rents higher in the future.
3.6 Existing Subsidized Housing
Affordable Housing Inventory
MGL Chapter 40B was enacted by the Commonwealth in 1969 to increase the supply and
improve the regional distribution of moderate and low-income housing by allowing a limited
suspension of existing local regulations inconsistent with the construction of such housing. This
statute, as noted, basically states that each municipality that is subject to the State’s Zoning Act
must have at least 10% of its residential housing units set aside for affordable housing. If a
Section 3: Housing
2007
3-18
municipality has not met the 10% threshold, a developer can propose a project with an
affordable component and bypass certain local regulations.
The Massachusetts Department of Housing and Community Development (DHCD) keeps track
of each community’s affordable housing units. Over the past two years there have been
significant changes to the law with regard to what types of units are counted and how many
units can be permitted and built per year. Some of the types of units that can be counted
towards a community’s 10% requirement include any rental units that have regulatory
agreements requiring, at a minimum, 20% of the units to be made available to households at or
below 80% of median income. It also counts certain accessory apartments if they are deed
restricted, and units that are subsidized by the Massachusetts Department of Mental
Retardation or Mental Health. In contrast to a for-sale project, all permitted units in a rental
project are counted toward the community’s 10% requirements, regardless of the number of
affordable units in the development. In for-sale developments, only the units that are affordable
are counted toward a municipality’s 10% requirement.
In 2002, approximately 6.7% of Dartmouth’s housing, or 730 units, qualified as affordable
housing under M.G.L. Chapter 40B. This figure compares somewhat favorably with that of
neighboring communities. The average for the five adjacent communities (Acushnet, Fairhaven,
Fall River, Freetown, New Bedford, and Westport) is 5.5%; the highest is New Bedford with
11.3% while the lowest is Freetown with 0.80%.
State Public Housing
State Public Housing falls under Massachusetts General Laws Chapter 667 for Elderly Housing
and Chapter 705 for Family Housing. State-aided public housing generally refers to projects
built with 100% state funding (i.e. construction grants or by payments to the local Housing
Authority to cover debt service). There are some units where HUD has effectively paid for
construction through annual payments to cover debt services and some operating cost through
Section 8 programs. In elderly housing development, occupancy is restricted to households
with a member age 62 or older and up to 13.5% of the units in a development are available to
individuals with disabilities at any age.
Admission to state public housing is limited to households with net incomes below 50% of area
median family income. In reality, tenant incomes tend to be far lower than the maximum
allowed. There are no asset limits, and no citizenship or residency requirements. The rent a
tenant pays is based on household income and whether the costs of any basic utilities
(electricity, heat, cooking fuel) are included in the rent.
Currently tenants pay:
•
Thirty percent of net income for rent if their net rent includes any (although not
necessarily all) of the basic utilities.
Section 3: Housing
2007
3-19
•
Twenty-five percent of net income for rent if the local housing authority pays for none of
the basic utilities (i.e. tenants pay their electric, heat, and cooking fuels directly).
DHCD provides operating subsidies for state public housing. This is because deficits occur
when rents are set at a percentage of tenant incomes and thus do not always cover operating
costs. In some cases DHCD may provide funds for service coordinators to assist tenants
Federal Public Housing
Federal public housing refers to public housing built with 100% federal (HUD) funds. These
projects are subject to federal regulations and receive annual operating subsidies from HUD as
well as modernization funds for capital and management improvements as projects age. Under
current law, 75% - 85% of new openings must go to households earning less than 50% of
median income, with the balance limited to households earning no more than 80% of median.
The tenant pays 30% of adjusted income based on households’ size.
Affordable Housing Inventory
Most of Dartmouth’s affordable housing units were subsidized through federal or state
programs. The majority of these units are administered through the Dartmouth Housing
Authority. Federal programs that have been used in Dartmouth include the Chapter 13A
Program, which provides a developer subsidy to reduce interest payment on debt service
(although this program is now inactive) and Section 8. State programs include the DHCD’s
Chapter 667 Program (Elderly/Handicapped Low Income Housing) and EOHHS Facilities
Consolidation Fund (FCF). See Table 3-16 for a summary of the Town’s subsidized and
publicly assisted housing.
Section 3: Housing
2007
3-20
Table 3-16
Subsidized and Publicly Assisted Housing
Town of Dartmouth
Project Name
Richard P.
Monroe (667-2)
Solemar (667-1)
ARC of Greater
Fall River, Inc.
Solemar
Apartments I
Solemar
Apartments II
The Crossroads
The Cedars
Address/Location
2 Anderson Way
Solemar Lane
North Hixville
Road
26 Seabreeze
Drive, Dartmouth
& Solemar
26 Seabreeze
Drive, 1-24 Sun &
Sea Drive
Cross Road
Old Westport
Road
Funding
Agency
DHCD
Agency/
Program
667
Total
Units
80
Total
Affordable
Units
80
Duration of
Affordability
Status
Perpetuity
DHCD
667
44
44
Perpetuity
EOHHS
FCF
4
4
Perpetuity
Elderly
MHFA
13A
200
200
2001
Elderly
MHFA
Section 8
124
124
2012
Family
HUD
200
200
2005
Elderly
MHFA
Section 8
NC/SR
Elder
Choice
78
78
Perpetuity
730
730
Group
Served
Elderly
Rental
Elderly
Rental
Dartmouth
Total
Table 3-16 reflects the Affordable Housing inventory as reported by the State of Massachusetts
Department of Housing and Community Development (DHCD) as of April 2002. It does not
reflect recent changes that have impacted the number and mix of units considerably. [Major
changes impacting the overall Affordable Housing inventory include two new 40B projects have
been permitted in the last year and Solemar Apartment I plans to convert 100 of its units to
market rate].
3.7 Proposed Affordable Housing
See Table 3-17 for a summary of the Town’s subsidized and publicly assisted housing that
includes the status of new developments and changes to existing projects.
Section 3: Housing
2007
3-21
Table 3-17
Subsidized and Publicly Assisted Housing
Town of Dartmouth
Project
Name
Richard P.
Monroe
(667-2)
Solemar
(667-1)
ARC of
Greater
Fall River,
Inc.
Solemar
Apartments
I
Solemar
Apartments
II
The
Crossroads
The Cedars
Ledgewood
Slocum
Farms
Rehab
Program
Dartmouth
Total
Address/Location
2 Anderson Way
Solemar Lane
Funding
Agency
DHCD
Agency/
Program
667
Total
Units
80
Total
Affordable
Units
80
Duration of
Affordability
Status
Perpetuity
DHCD
667
44
44
Perpetuity
EOHHS
FCF
4
4
Perpetuity
Elderly
Rental
MHFA
13A
200
124
Perpetuity
Elderly Rental
MHFA
Section 8
124
124
Perpetuity
Family
Rental
Elderly
Rental
Family
Rental
Family
Ownership
Rental/Ownership
HUD
200
200
Perpetuity
78
78
Perpetuity
NA
Section 8
NC/SR
Elder
Choice
NA
72
72
Perpetuity
NA
NA
42
11
Perpetuity
HUD
CDBG
15
15
2019
859
712
Group Served
Elderly
Rental
Elderly
Rental
North Hixville
Road
26 Seabreeze
Drive, Dartmouth
& Solemar
26 Seabreeze
Drive, 1-24 Sun &
Sea Drive
Cross Road
Old Westport
Road
Behind VF Outlet
Slocum Farm
City-Wide
MHFA
Note: Items shaded in gray indicate new projects and/or changes to existing projects.
3.8 Housing Need
The Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) calculates the median income for
the country’s metropolitan and non-metropolitan areas each year. Dartmouth is included within
the New Bedford, MA Primary Metropolitan Statistical Area (PMSA). HUD establishes income
groups – extremely low, low, and moderate – as households whose income falls within specific
percentages of the area median family income. Most state and federal programs are available
Section 3: Housing
2007
3-22
for households who make up to 80% of the area median family income, adjusted for household
size.
Low and Moderate Income Households
Extremely Low-Income (0% to 30% of Area Median Income)
Approximately 994 of a total of 10,603 households in Dartmouth are extremely low-income,
according to the 2000 census. This represents 9.3% of all households. The majority of these
households are tenants (579). Forty-nine percent of these renter households pay over 30% of
their income for rent. Four hundred and fifteen extremely low-income households own their own
homes. Seventy-five percent of them pay over 30% of their income for housing. After paying
their monthly housing costs, a large majority of the extremely low-income households in
Dartmouth are left with little income to pay for other necessities.
Low-Income (31% to 50% of Area Median Income)
Nearly 11%, or 1,116, of Dartmouth households are low-income. The 2000 census shows that
32.3% (361) of the low-income households rent their housing units. Of these renter households,
46.8% pay more than 30% of their income for rent. Sixty-eight (755) low-income households
own their homes. Fifty-two percent of these homeowners pay over 30% or more of their income
on housing.
Moderate Income (51 to 80% of Area Median Income)
Sixteen percent (1,675) of households in Dartmouth are moderate income. In this income
group, 17% are renters and 83% are homeowners. The housing costs burden on renters in this
income group is a bit less than the other low-income groups. Thirty-two percent of the
moderate-income renters are paying over 30% of their income for rent. Forty-three percent of
the moderate-income homeowners are paying over 30% of their income for housing costs.
Elderly
According to the 2000 census, 43% of elderly households have extremely low and low-incomes
(1,313) and another 23% (717) have moderate incomes. This means that 66% of elderly
households in Dartmouth make under 80% of median income and would be income
eligible for most state and federal housing programs.
The latest census data also reveals that 25% (760) of households over 65 are renters. Among
elderly renters 38.5% pay more than 30% of their income for rent. This represents about 293
elderly households who are already paying too high a percentage of their income for housing.
While rents rise, many elderly incomes are fixed. Over time, they will be forced to devote
greater percentages of their income to housing.
Seventy-five percent (2,322) of households over 65 own their home. Twenty-four percent (561)
of owners 65 years old and over pay 30% or more of their incomes for housing costs. Most
elderly have owned their homes for many years. For the elderly this means that most no longer
Section 3: Housing
2007
3-23
carry a mortgage on their property. Therefore, their monthly housing costs should be lower.
Despite this, due to their proportionally lower-income, elderly homeowners are still paying a
greater percentage of their income to own a home. Since most elderly are on fixed incomes,
their income will not rise to meet increasing housing costs and the expenses of maintenance
and repair that aging properties require.
Renters
Based on the New Bedford, MA PMSA area median family income published by HUD for 2003,
the maximum affordable monthly rent, including utilities, for a very low-income household is
$395; for a low-income family it is $659; for a moderate-income family it is $1,054.
Based on the 2000 census, 18.9% of housing units in Dartmouth are renter-occupied. Twentythree percent (467) all renters are paying more than 30% of their incomes on housing costs.
Forty-nine percent of the extremely low-income renter (286) households, 46.8% of the lowincome renter (70) households, and 32.4% of the moderate-income renter (90) households pay
over 30% of their incomes on housing costs. This totals 446 renter households who are income
eligible for many state and federal housing programs but for whom housing is absorbing an
excessive portion of their income. In addition, there are 791 renter households that earn more
than 80% of area median family income. Of these, 2.6% (21) pay more than 30% of their
incomes on housing.
Owners
Based on the 2000 census, 81.1% of housing units in Dartmouth are owner-occupied. Twentytwo percent of all owners are paying more than 30% of their incomes on housing costs.
Seventy-five percent of the very low-income owner (312) households, 51.5% of the low-income
owner (389) households, and 43.3% of the moderate-income owners (605) households pay over
30% of their incomes on housing costs. This totals 1,306 homeowner households who are
income eligible for many state and federal housing programs but for whom housing is absorbing
an excessive portion of their income. In addition there are 6,027 owner households that earn
more than 80% of are median family income. Of these, 10% (603) pay more than 30% of their
incomes on housing costs.
Size of Households (Single, Two-Person, and Large Families)
Twenty-two percent of households in Dartmouth consist of a single-person according to the
2000 Census. Thirty-three percent are two-person households, the majority of which consist of
family households. Nearly 9% of Dartmouth’s households are made up of five or more people.
A single female heads nearly 10% of Dartmouth’s family households. Nearly thirteen percent of
persons over 65 live alone (1,323); the vast majority of these Dartmouth residents are single
women (1,039).
Section 3: Housing
2007
3-24
Homeless and Special Needs Populations
Homelessness
The Dartmouth Police Department refers any individuals in need of temporary housing to
homeless shelters located in the communities of New Bedford and Fall River. Currently,
Dartmouth does not have a homeless shelter. Anecdotal information suggests that there are a
number of Dartmouth families in need of transitional housing. The Dartmouth Housing Authority
has funds available to assist Dartmouth residents in need of transitional housing and is in the
process of considering how best to utilize the available funding.
Veterans
Veterans in need of services can obtain assistance from the Dartmouth Veterans Agent. The
Assessor’s Office has granted several tax exemptions to veterans during Fiscal Year 2003.
Exemptions are based on disabilities and medals awarded for service, not on income.
Currently, there is no housing available in Dartmouth that serves veterans exclusively. The
Southeastern Massachusetts Veterans Housing, Inc. has approached the Town of Dartmouth
regarding the development of housing specifically designed to meet the needs of local area
veterans.
Person with HIV/AIDS
There is very limited information regarding the number of persons with HIV/AIDS in Dartmouth.
There are no specific services or housing opportunities offered to this group.
Persons with Developmental Disabilities
This population receives services through the Massachusetts Department of Mental Retardation
including supportive housing. DMR estimates that approximately four individuals with special
needs are being housed in Dartmouth and, although the department is unable to provide an
exact estimate of the number of additional units that would be required in Dartmouth, it
acknowledges that there is a shortage.
Persons with Psychiatric Disabilities
The Massachusetts Department of Mental Health’s (DMH) mission is to improve the quality of
life for adults with serious and persistent mental illness and children with serious mental illness
or severe emotional disturbance. DMH offers its clients a variety of services including housing.
DMH serves few clients in Dartmouth (approximately six DMH clients are housed in Dartmouth)
and would like to be able to provide additional housing opportunities in Dartmouth. DMH has
identified a need for approximately eight units of housing designed to serve young singles with
persistent mental illness.
Section 3: Housing
2007
3-25
3.9 Zoning Bylaw
Residential Zoning and Development Patterns
The Dartmouth’s Zoning Bylaw includes three different residential zoning districts: Single
Residence A District, Single Residence B District, and General Residence District. Table 3-18
summarizes the distribution and dimensional requirements of these zoning districts.
Table 3-18
Residential Zoning Districts
Town of Dartmouth
District
Minimum Lot Size
Minimum Frontage
Maximum Height
Maximum Lot Coverage
Residence A
40,000 ft.
150 ft.
35 ft.
50%
Residence B
80,000 sq. ft.
200 ft.
35 ft.
50%
General
15,000/20,0009 sq. ft.
100/150 ft.
35 ft.
50%
Source: Dartmouth Zoning Bylaw, MRPC Buildout Analysis.
All three residential districts permit single-family detached dwellings as-of-right. In addition,
accessory apartments in homes are allowed as-of-right in all three districts. The Single
Residence Districts A & B allow most other types of housing, such as two-, three-, and fourfamily dwellings under the Town’s OSRD option. The General Residence District allows twofamily dwellings. All districts allow assisted elderly housing through special permit.
An option for housing developers in Dartmouth is the Open space Residential Development
(OSRD) bylaw. This provision allows developers to cluster housing on one portion of a
development tract in exchange for setting aside open space on the remainder of the tract. The
Town benefits by gaining conservation land, while the developer saves money on infrastructure
and site development costs. The developer applies to the Planning Board for a special permit
for a OSRD. Dartmouth’s OSRD bylaw is very flexible, in that there are no minimum frontage,
area, or setback requirements and the lot standards can be altered to each specific site. The
number of units allowed in an OSRD may not exceed the number allowed under conventional
development.
9
First number is for a single-family unit and the second number corresponds to two-family unit.
Section 3: Housing
2007
3-26
3.10 Housing Need
This section seeks to: (1) identify the number of affordable housing units that will need
to be produced over the next decade to address Dartmouth’s affordable housing
shortage; (2) outline the types of affordable housing units that will best serve
Dartmouth’s population; and (3) discuss barriers to developing affordable housing in
Dartmouth.
Meeting Dartmouth’s Current Affordable Housing Goal
As discussed previously, Dartmouth had 11,283 dwelling units in 2000 of which 444
were for seasonal, recreational, or occasional use and therefore not subject to the
state’s affordable housing requirements. In order to meet the 10% standard (which is
based on 2000 U.S. Census figures), 1,084 units of Dartmouth’s dwelling units have to
be “affordable” based on the state’s definition. The current affordable housing inventory
of 730 units falls short of the mandated requirement and Dartmouth will need to produce
at least 354 more affordable units to meet the 10% standard.
The completion of two recently approved projects would add an additional 83 units (see
shaded portions of Table 3-18) to the Town’s overall inventory of affordable housing
within the next two years. While this production goal is aggressive, the Town would
still need to add an additional 271 units of affordable housing to its overall stock
in order to meet the 10% mandated standard. In addition, a number of housing units
that are currently counted towards the Town’s affordable housing inventory have
become or are in danger of becoming market rate (potentially 124 units). This change
will produce an even greater deficit and require the Town to develop additional units.
While development of new affordable housing is important, the preservation of existing
affordable units is equally critical.
Unmet Needs
The Town will need to plan for additional units should any of the proposed projects
outlined in Table 3-17 not be developed and will need to replace any units that are
converted to market rate over the coming years. As the Town creates a plan to develop
these additional units and maintain its existing stock of affordable housing, it is important
to understand the housing gaps that exist so that new development strategies can be
tailored to address specific deficits.
Rental Housing
Table 3-18 suggests that no housing deficits exist among renter households. In fact,
numerical data provided by HUD and presented in Table 3-18 reinforces the opposite
conclusion, that there is an excess of affordable rental housing in the market. However,
qualitative research gathered by Daylor Consulting Group would indicate otherwise.
First, there is a limited supply of rental housing in Dartmouth which precludes many
Section 3: Housing
2007
3-27
people from entering Dartmouth’s housing market simply because there is an
inadequate supply of units, affordable or market rate. Second, long waiting lists
maintained by the Housing Authority, which manages the vast majority of Dartmouth’s
affordable housing units, would also suggest that the number of Dartmouth residents in
need of affordable housing units, senior in particular, far exceed the current supply.
Among renter households earning more than 80% of the area median family income
there appears to be no need for additional housing that is moderately priced based on
the state’s affordability standards discussed previously. The market seems to be
providing adequate options for this segment of the population; there are 791 renter
households NOT eligible for housing programs appropriate for very low, low, and
moderate-income households and none of these renter households is burdened by
housing costs.
Table 3-18
Rental Housing Gaps
Town of Dartmouth
Small Family Large Family
(2 to 4)
(5 or more)
All
Other
Households
Total
Renters
Household by Type and Cost Burden
Elderly
Extremely Low-Income ($0.00 - $15,810)
People Burdend by Housing Costs
348
189
107
38
0
0
124
59
579
286
Low-Income ($15,811 - $26,350)
183
84
114
45
20
10
44
30
361
169
Moderate-Income ($26,351 - $42,160)
109
20
79
25
10
10
80
35
278
90
All Other Households ($42,161 +)
120
0
389
0
65
0
217
20
791
0
Total Income-Eligible Households ($0.00 $42,160)
Affordable Units Supplied
Affordable Units Proposed
640
293
426
0
300
108
30
20
248
124
0
0
1,218
545
626
72
200
72
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2000; Department of Housing and Urban Development.
Notes: Due to confidentiality and rounding problems the total number of households used in creating these tabulations is smaller than the figure reported earlier in the
report.
Notes: People cost burdened by housing costs pay more than 30% of their income on housing.
Section 3: Housing
2007
3-28
Ownership Housing
Currently, the elderly have few affordable ownership options. As Dartmouth’s population
continues to age, appropriate ownership housing for elderly residents will be required.
Of the 515 Dartmouth homeowners over the age of 65, slightly more than 58% of them
are overly burdened by housing costs. In addition to the construction of smaller units
affordable to Dartmouth’s elderly residents, the creation of a program designed to
alleviate the costs of homeownership for elderly households living on fixed incomes
would be appropriate. Current housing proposals suggest that no affordable ownership
housing specifically designed for the elderly is projected to be developed; however,
newer proposals are being discussed.
There is also a need for affordable homeownership opportunities for families (smaller
families in particular). There are 256 families eligible for affordable housing and nearly
51% of those households pay over 30% of their income for housing. Recent housing
proposals submitted to the Town suggest that 11 additional ownership units appropriate
for families will be developed over the next several years.
Table 3-19
Owner Housing Gaps
Town of Dartmouth
Household by Type and Cost Burden
Elderly
All
Small Family Large Family
Other
(2 to 4)
(5 or more) Households
Total
Owners
Extremely Low-Income ($0.00 - $15,810)
276
192
54
50
15
0
70
47
415
334
Low-Income ($15,811 - $26,350)
134
74
38
0
0
0
12
8
184
110
Moderate-Income ($26,351 - $42,160)
105
35
85
55
64
25
22
4
276
119
All Other Households ($42,161 +)
273
4
1,465
135
344
30
260
55
2,342
222
Total Income-Eligible Households ($0.00 - $42,160)
Affordable Units Supplied
Affordable Units Proposed
515
301
0
0
177
105
79
25
104
59
0
0
875
563
0
11
0
11
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2000; Department of Housing and Urban Development.
Notes: Due to confidentiality and rounding problems the total number of households used in creating these tabulations is smaller than the figure reported earlier in the report.
Notes: People cost burdened by housing costs pay more than 30% of their income on housing.
Section 3: Housing
2007
3-29
Among ownership households earning more than 80% of the area median income, there
is a slight need for moderately priced ownership opportunities. There are 2,342 owner
households that are not eligible for affordable housing. Nine percent of these
households (222) are burdened by housing costs and are in need of moderately priced
ownership options.
Barriers to Affordable Housing
The factors that constrain affordable housing development in Dartmouth fall into three
distinct categories: (1) high cost of land and construction; (2) issues created by current
zoning regulations and density requirements; and (3) administrative/financial realities.
Land and Construction Costs
First, land and housing in Dartmouth are expensive because prices over the last twenty
years have vastly outpaced inflation. These high prices are due to a number of factors
including: (1) A desire to preserve Dartmouth’s rural and historic character for future
generations has led to a long history of purchasing land for conservation, more than 21%
of the Town is now permanently protected; (2) a desire for current and future Dartmouth
residents to live in areas of the Town whose rural and/or architectural features have
been preserved; and (3) Dartmouth has excellent regional accessibility to Providence
and commuter lines to Boston making it an ideal residential location for families priced
out of markets located near the region’s major metro areas. This has produced an
increasingly desirable community, but has also reduced the number of acres available
for development.
Density Issues
A limiting factor related to price is the Town’s zoning. The vast majority of developable
land in Dartmouth is zoned single family residential with a two-acre lot size minimum.
The zoning is driven, in part by the need to protect the Town’s rural character and
environmental resources such as nitrogen sensitive estuaries as well a limited
infrastructure in the northern part of the Town, but it does nonetheless contribute to the
high prices for developable real estate and limits the development of higher density
housing options, which are generally more affordable.
Administrative/Financial Responsibilities
Dartmouth has a Housing Authority whose primary focus is the operation and
maintenance of the majority of Dartmouth’s affordable housing stock. Unfortunately, the
Housing Authority has extremely limited financial resources and has not been able to
produce additional affordable housing units. In addition, the Housing Authority’s staff is
working at maximum capacity and the additional responsibility of new housing
construction might be difficult for current staff to manage.
Section 3: Housing
2007
3-30
The creation of a local housing partnership to implement the policies and actions of the
housing plan could complement the efforts of the Housing Authority. It would be the
responsibility of this partnership to research the community’s needs, revise affordable
housing goals and objectives, and identify/implement strategies to achieve desired
results.
Conclusions
In summary Dartmouth’s housing stock is relatively new and generally in good physical
condition. However, the Town’s housing stock is disproportionately focused on singlefamily detached homes whose average prices have escalated considerably over the last
decade. Due to the fact that relatively few opportunities for other housing types exist,
such as apartments and senior developments, and that the need for these housing types
is increasing, the Town has used this plan to develop a better understanding of the
specific types of housing that are required by its current and future residents.
Key findings leading to the policy implications discussed above and responsible for
influencing the establishment of the goals and strategies described later in this
document include the following:
•
In the past three decades, Dartmouth’s population has grown at a significantly
faster rate than the region, and this trend is projected to continue. This rapid
growth rate was a key factor in influencing the need for development of a
comprehensive and aggressive housing plan.
•
The number of elderly residents in Dartmouth is expected to increase
dramatically in the next 20 years. As a result, there will be increased pressure to
meet the demand for housing and services designed to serve this demographic
group.
•
Single-family housing comprises the majority of the Town’s housing inventory,
which is a barrier to certain population groups seeking to enter the Dartmouth
housing market or modify their housing choice.
•
The Town has a very limited number of rental units and even fewer of those are
vacant. In addition, many renter households pay more than 30% of their income
for rent. There is critical need for additional affordable rental units. These units
would cater to smaller households comprised of singles, couples, and smaller
households with children.
•
Dartmouth’s housing stock is relatively affordable when compared to other
communities in the region. In addition, Dartmouth’s location makes commuting
to Providence or Boston, major regional employment centers, a relatively easy
proposition. As a result, households priced out of more expensive housing
markets in and around Providence and Boston are moving to Dartmouth and
displacing long time residents.
Section 3: Housing
2007
3-31
The Town’s affordable housing goals as well as strategies to achieve those goals are
outlined in the Executive Summary and Implementation Program sections of this
document.
Section 3: Housing
2007
3-32
SECTION 4
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
Photos: Marijoan Bull, Greg Guimond
Section 4 Economic Development
4.1 Introduction
The Town of Dartmouth is located on the south coast of southeastern
Massachusetts bordered by Westport on the west, Fall River on the north, New
Bedford on the east and Buzzards Bay on the south. Interstate 195 and Route 6
provide direct highway access and offer additional access to Routes 24 and 140.
The Town was named after an English Port and was originally part of Plymouth.
Established in 1664, Dartmouth evolved primarily as a community of religious
dissidents, Quakers and Baptists, seeking refuge from religious persecutions
from the Massachusetts Bay and Plymouth Bay Colonies.
The community grew quickly attracting a significant number of Portuguese
seeking work in agriculture, saltmaking and fishing. Dartmouth remained for most
of its history as a rural agricultural community but in the 19 century began to
adopt a summer residential and resort character as wealthy city dwellers from
New Bedford built and purchased vacation homes. In the 1960’s the town’s
residential growth accelerated with the construction Southeastern Massachusetts
University, now referred to as the University of Massachusetts, Dartmouth.
Today, Dartmouth is primarily considered a suburban bedroom community with
significant portions of its historic character intact; there is still farming, still a
strong vacation component and still has a wide religious diversity. In Dartmouth
both the past and present co-exist: the past with its farms, churches, villages and
scenic roads and the present with Route 6 commercial development, the North
Dartmouth Mall, Faunce Corner Road development and the expansion of the
inter-municipal business park. Balancing Dartmouth’s role as a suburban
community with high quality residential living while accommodating continued
growth as the South Coast’s commercial center and emerging industrial
development represents a major challenge.
4.2 Labor Force and Employment
From 1991 – 2001 Dartmouth’s unemployment rate averaged 2.0% higher than
the statewide average. This gap, however, has been steadily closing since the
late 1990s and in 2001 was 0.5% higher than the statewide average. In terms of
a regional perspective, Dartmouth’s unemployment was lower than the average
4.7% rate for the SRPEDD region and 4.8% rate for Bristol County.
2007
4-1
Figure 4-1
Dartmouth and Massachusetts Unemployment Rates, 1991-2001
Trends in Unemployment Rate:
Dartmouth & Massachusetts, 1991-2001
12.0%
10.0%
Dartmouth
8.0%
6.0%
4.0%
Massachusetts
2.0%
0.0%
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
Source: MA DCS.DUA
Employment in Dartmouth is dominated by the trade (exchange of products) and
services (exchange of work) sectors. Together they account for 68% of all jobs
in the Town. The majority of these jobs are in the trade sector under the
relatively low-paying retail industry. In addition, government and manufacturing
jobs contribute to 22% of Dartmouth’s total employment. Other sectors
combined make up the final 10%. It is important to note that during the period
1991-2001, manufacturing grew by over 165% largely due to development in the
Dartmouth portion of the New Bedford Business Park and Faunce Corner
Executive Park.
2007
4-2
Figure 4-2
Employment by Industry: Dartmouth, 2001
Other
10%
Manufacturing
8%
Source: MA
Government
14%
Trade
44%
Service
24%
Table 4-1
Average Wage by Industry in Dartmouth, 2001
Industry
Trade
Services
Government
Manufacturing
Construction
TCPU
FIRE
Agriculture
Number of Employees
6,190
3,297
2,008
1,071
588
367
261
142
Average Annual Wage
$34,632
$24,960
$34,416
$40,612
$33,216
$49,056
$54,576
$39,024
TCPU=Transportation, Communication & Public Utilities
FIRE =Finance, Insurance & Real Estate
Source: Massachusetts Division of Employment & Training (DET)
Over the ten year period 1991-2001, Dartmouth experienced growth both in
business establishments and employment. During the mid 1990s the growth
was stable across all sectors. However, toward the late 90’s through 2001
there was a steady increase in job growth. From 1991-2001, 152 new
businesses located in Dartmouth with over 4,430 jobs. The greatest
increases in employment were identified in four industry sectors including
manufacturing up over 150%, services up nearly 81% and trade up 37 %
followed by a 20% increase in government sectors of the economy. The
2007
4-3
Construction and FIRE (Finance, Insurance & Real Estate) businesses
experienced smaller increases.
Table 4-2
Employment By Industry in Dartmouth, 1991 - 2001
Total
Establish Avg.
Wage
ments
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
743
712
756
782
808
826
783
810
853
848
895
$18,884
$19,624
$19,709
$21,197
$20,888
$23,277
$23,999
$24,964
$25,689
$26,973
$28,196
Govern- ManuTrade Services ment
facturing
Consttion
4,510
4,360
4,513
4,931
5,332
5,003
5,076
5,315
5,548
5,788
6,190
340
416
437
464
446
503
567
557
570
591
588
1,813
2,004
2,281
2,950
3,093
3,068
3,477
3,476
3,250
3,196
3,297
1,669
1,757
1,740
1,835
1,825
1,824
1,929
1,951
1,879
1,906
2,008
380
426
464
531
954
1,596
1,542
1,451
1,048
1,050
1,071
Finance/
Insurance/ Telcom./
Real Estate Utilities
328
308
303
297
299
330
256
279
341
306
261
389
375
353
375
338
327
347
382
375
378
367
Agriculture
65
56
64
65
82
87
95
114
119
129
142
Source: Massachusetts Division of Employment and Training (DET)
4.3 Commercial Space
Information provided by the Dartmouth Assessors Office identified that in 2005
the town had a total of 2,761,492 square feet of retail space, 401,604 square feet
in office space, 937,863 square feet in industrial space, 171,182 square feet of
multi-use space and 193,544 square feet of hotel/motel space. The total square
footage below indicates nearly 52.0% is located along the Route 6 Corridor,
39.0% along Faunce Corner Road and the balance, 9.0% is located in the
Dartmouth portion of the New Bedford Business Park. It is important to note that
there is more industrial space along Faunce Corner Road than there is in the
Business Park.
Table 4-3
Commercial Space in Dartmouth (in square feet)
Route 6
Retail
1,847,929
Office
179,040
Industrial
114,500
Mutliple Use 86,923
Hotel/Motel
89,218
TOTAL
2,317,610
Faunce Corner Rd.
913,563
222,564
414,387
84,259
104,326
1,739,099
Business Park
Total
0
2,761,492
0
401,604
408,976
937,863
0
171,182
0
193,544
408,976
4,465,685
Source: Dartmouth Assessor
Table 4-4
2007
4-4
Largest Employers in Dartmouth, 2006
Employer
UMass Dartmouth
Town of Dartmouth
Bristol County Sheriff
Hawthorn Medical
Acushnet Company
A Head Headgear
Wal-Mart
Harvey Industries
Brandon Woods
Home Depot
CMHS (Comprehensive Mental Health Systems)
Kohl’s Department
Personal Touch Home Health Care
Shaw’s Supermarket
Eye Health Vision Centers
Lowes
Target
Macy’s Department Store
Dartmouth Mall (anchors)
JC Penny
Filenes
Sears
Number of Employees
1,000
880
468
465
450
325
361
250
210
200
170
100
165
125
130
125
135
120
170
4.4 Employment Base
The jobs-to-labor force ratio is an indicator of whether a community is a net
importer or exporter of employment. Although Dartmouth has emerged over
the last 10-15 years as a regional commercial center it is still a net exporter of
employment (ratio of less than one). That is, there are more Dartmouth
residents in the labor force than there are jobs in Dartmouth. However,
journey-to-work data from the 1990 and 2000 U.S. Census identifies a trend
of job growth outpacing population growth in Dartmouth. If this continues
Dartmouth will shift from a net exporter to a net importer of jobs, with a labor
force ratio of one or more.
Table 4-5
Jobs to Labor Force Ratio
Dartmouth jobs
Dartmouth resident labor force
Jobs/Labor force ratio
1990
9,619
10,810
0.89
2000
11,470
11,716
0.98
2007
4-5
The data on journey to work suggests that a large proportion of
Dartmouth’s residents are in higher income “white collar” professions and
work outside the town. This is supported by several indicators e.g. per
capita income, median household income and educational attainment
levels. Further support can be identified by construction trends favoring
larger, more expensive single-family homes. In addition, individuals
employed in Dartmouth in lower paying retail and service occupations are
more likely to live in other communities.
Table 4-6
Place of Work and Place of Residence
Place of Work of Dartmouth Residents by
City/Town
City/Town
1990
%
New Bedford
Dartmouth
Fall River
Fairhaven
Westport
Acushnet
Mattapoisett
Freetown
Rochester
Other
Total
4,970
3,811 35
683
255
174
98
61
28
23
712
10,810
2000
4,328
3,550
1,279
614
278
176
63
55
44
1,329
11,716
Place of Residence of Persons Employed in
Dartmouth by city/town
%
30.3
City/Town
%
Dartmouth
30.7
New Bedford
Fall River
Fairhaven
Westport
Acushnet
Mattapoisett
Freetown
Rochester
Other
Total
1990
%
2000
3,811
39
3,550
3,104
570
477
461
243
183
152
56
570
9,619
3,761
997
569
478
307
167
205
111
1,325
11,470
Source: 1990 & 2000 U.S. Census, Journey to Work
4.5 Regional Role
Dartmouth’s economic strength within the region is indicated by comparing its
retail, service, and manufacturing industries to those of eight adjacent
municipalities. A review of these industries identified no clear leader across
all sectors, although Fall River leads the service sector, having the greatest
number of businesses and employees and the highest dollar amounts of
sales and payroll. Dartmouth’s current strength is in the retail and service
sectors, with manufacturing significantly less prominent.
Both retail and service represent major drivers of the local economy:
Dartmouth ranks third (behind Fall River and New Bedford) in number of
stores but first in volume of sales, first in payroll and, first in number of
employees. Dartmouth is home to large, “big box” retailers such as Home
Depot, Lowes, Wal-Mart, BJ’s etc. Although Dartmouth is ranked third again,
behind Fall River and New Bedford) across all categories under the service
2007
4-6
sector, its importance is significant. Dartmouth’s role in manufacturing is well
below Fall River and New Bedford but higher than other neighboring
suburban communities.
Table 4-7
Retail Activity in Dartmouth Region, 2002
RETAIL
Acushnet
DARTMOUTH
Fairhaven
Fall River
Freetown
Mattapoisett
New Bedford
Rochester
Westport
STORES
26
219
69
332
319
69
SALES (000)
$ 32,357
$800,438
$246,974
$754,439
$574,094
$ 82,106
PAYROLL (000)
$ 2,982
$76, 999
$24,743
$76,740
$63,566
$ 8,469
EMPLOYEES
144
3,713
1,254
3,456
3,040
532
Table 4-8
Service Activity in Dartmouth Region, 2002
SERVICE
Acushnet
DARTMOUTH
Fairhaven
Fall River
Freetown
Mattapoisett
New Bedford
Rochester
Westport
STORES
57
344
129
945
738
104
SALES (000) PAYROLL (000)
$ 12,856
$ 3,202
$ 325,723
$136,683
$ 67,294
$ 29,473
$1,008,333
$408,842
$ 731,594
$303,755
$ 40,682
$ 15,921
EMPLOYEES
316
5,224
1,894
14,811
11,987
831
MANUFACTURING, 1997
ESTABLISHMENTS
Acushnet
DARTMOUTH
Fairhaven
Fall River
Freetown
Mattapoisett
New Bedford
Rochester
Westport
7
24
16
161
8
8
150
3
12
Source: U.S Economic Census, 2002
2007
4-7
4.6 Tax Base
The tax base in Dartmouth is primarily residential, with homeowners providing
85.5% of the tax revenues. Commercial and industrial properties combined
make nearly 12% of the total taxable property in Dartmouth followed by
personal property (e.g. automobile excise tax) at over 2.5%.
Table 4-9
Dartmouth Tax Base (FY 2005)
Assessed Valuation
$4,002,463,700
$ 483,296,300
$ 73,660,400
$ 125,338,890
$4,704,761,290
Tax Classification
Residential
Commercial
Industrial
Personal Property
Total
Percentage of Total
Valuation
85.5%
10.2%
1.6%
2.7%
100.0%
Source: Mass Department of Revenue
Note: Tax-exempt properties including public facilities, religious institutions,
and public open space comprise $517,184,700 or 8.9% in assessed
valuation. Chapter 61A lands, included under the commercial classification,
are primarily used for agricultural purposes and are taxed at less than full
value; these properties comprise $1,544,900 in total valuation.
Table 4-10
Comparison of Tax Base – Neighboring Communities (FY 2005)
% of Total Assessed Valuation
Avg. Res. Residential
Commercial Industrial
Tax Bill
Acushnet
$2,668
Dartmouth
$2,649
Fairhaven
$2,110
Fall River
$1,587
Freetown
$2,789
Mattapoisett
$3,792
New Bedford
$2,224
Rochester
$3,113
Tax Rate
Res./CIP
Avg Res.
Assessed
91.4
3.0
3.8
Value
$10.90/12.71 $246,611
85.5
10.3
1.6
$ 7.45
$355,634
85.9
11.5
1.1
$ 8.35/16.66
$252,734
81.0
11.1
6.0
$ 7.61/19.50
$208,549
86.1
4.8
5.6
$ 9.88/15.47
$282,320
94.1
4.2
.6
$ 9.42
$402,594
83.3
9.7
4.6
$11.37/27.60
$195,621
87.5
5.2
4.8
$ 9.21
$338,011
2007
4-8
Westport
$2,233
91.3
7.2
.3
$ 6.14
$363,755
Region Avg
$2,574
State Avg
$3,588
78.0
7.0
3.0
$ 9.00
$293,981
84.0
11.7
3.7
NA
$352,820
In comparing Dartmouth’s tax base with eight neighboring communities four
including Dartmouth have a flat tax rate (residential and non residential are
taxed at the same rate). Compared to the other communities in the region,
Dartmouth’s tax rate is the second lowest rate at $7.45 per 1,000 in valuation,
and is just above Westport’s $6.14. Rochester and Mattapoisett are the next
highest within this study group. In terms of the average assessed value for
residential properties, Dartmouth ranks as the third highest after Westport and
Mattapoisett, Rochester is the lowest. All four communities have higher than
average assessed values except Rochester. The average residential
property tax bill positions Dartmouth with the third highest compared to
Mattapoisett and Rochester, both Rochester and Dartmouth rates are below
the state average. In addition, although both Freetown and Acushnet have a
split rate Dartmouth’s residential tax rate is lower.
4.7 Competitive Regional Position
Dartmouth is highly competitive as a regional commercial center offering
access along both the I-195 and Route 6 corridors, and the advantage of a
flat property tax rate. The wide variation in the split tax rate is illustrated by
the communities of New Bedford, Fall River, Freetown and Fairhaven. The
difference in tax rates illustrates a reliance on industry to financially support
the community as the commercial/ industrial tax rates in these four
communities are between 40% and 142% higher than the residential tax rate.
Studies have clearly shown that even at the same tax rate, commercial and
industrial uses more than pay their way for the services they use whereas
residential users generally do not cover the cost of services provided
(particularly public education costs).
It is important to note that all nine communities in the study area identified are
designated as Economic Target Areas (ETA’s) and have the ability to attract
new commercial and industrial growth under special tax agreements that
provide substantial tax relief. Generally communities designate specific areas
where the incentive can be applied. In Dartmouth’s case it has been utilized
with several industries located in the Dartmouth portion of the New Bedford
Business Park.
The table below shows that total tax revenues for Dartmouth represent 55.0%
of the municipal revenues. In comparing the eight neighboring communities,
Dartmouth is close to the bottom of the list for state aid. Dartmouth has the
2007
4-9
third lowest percentage of 20.2% of the municipal revenues generated from
state aid. Per capita income and equalized valuation per capita affect state
aid percentages as evidenced by Fall River’s 55.8% state aid, verses
Mattapoisett’s 5.3% state aid.
Table 4-11
Municipal Budget Revenue By Source (FY 2005)
Tax Levy
45.38 %
55.21
45.84
23.79
63.32
72.53
28.87
47.19
60.12
State Aid
31.27%
20.21
27.09
55.81
10.82
5.31
50.55
15.28
20.97
Acushnet
Dartmouth
Fairhaven
Fall River
Freetown
Mattapoisett
New Bedford
Rochester
Westport
Source: Mass Department of Revenue, Municipal Data Bank
Local Receipts All Other
19.29%
4.06%
19.43
5.45
19.16
7.90
16.82
3.59
15.88
9.98
14.22
7.94
19.50
1.08
27.28
10.24
15.90
3.02
Dartmouth and Massachusetts Unemployment Rates, 1991-2004
Year
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
Dartmouth
11.2%
10.9%
9.1%
8.5%
7.8%
7.0%
6.3%
5.1%
4.5%
3.4%
4.2%
5.2%
6.0%
5.4%
Mass
9.1%
8.6%
6.9%
6.0%
5.4%
4.3%
4.0%
3.3%
3.2%
2.6%
3.7%
5.3%
5.8%
5.1%
Source: MassDET
2007
4-10
SECTION 5
OPEN SPACE AND RECREATION
Apponagansett Bay
Photo: Doris Copley
Section 5 Open Space and Recreation
5.1 ENVIRONMENTAL INVENTORY/ANALYSIS
A.
Geology, Soils And Topography
Dartmouth occupies a land area of 61.53 square miles with elevations ranging
from 252 feet at Yellow Hill in the northwest corner of the Town to sea level on
the 47 miles of tidal shoreline along Buzzard’s Bay. The topography is typical of
southeastern Massachusetts in that it is a mixture of gentle slopes, flat areas
good for agriculture and coastline.
The soils are basically Paxton-Woodbridge-Whitman association. These consist
of nearly level to moderately steep slopes that are well drained, moderately well
drained, and very poorly drained on glacial uplands. In addition there is a large
amount of wetlands containing Freetown and Swansea soils. This soil is mucky,
poorly drained, level, and deep. These areas are protected by the Massachusetts
Wetlands Protection Act and the Dartmouth Wetland Protection By-Law. This
includes the Deerfield Swamp, the Acushnet Cedar Swamp, Shingle Island
Swamp and Apponagansett Swamp. Soil characteristics influence an area’s
suitability for different uses. The soil’s porosity, erodibility and even its depth
invariably dictate whether or not a site may be appropriate for construction,
preservation, active or passive recreation uses. Thus, in many areas of
Dartmouth that remain open and unprotected, soil conditions may, themselves,
prohibit development and ensure some level of protection against development.
The Town’s river areas that flow from north to south are similarly protected.
Dartmouth depends on town wells for most of its water supply. Aquifer protection
includes three zones. These zones were determined by a computer model done
by a hydrologist who analyzed gradients, soil conditions, and well information.
Most of the remaining upland areas of Dartmouth will probably support today’s
new Title V septic systems. Limitations are bedrock, wetlands, coastal dunes,
barrier beaches, seasonal high water tables, and perched water tables.
Recreational facilities could be sited on some of these areas using composting
2007
5-1
toilets and non-nitrogen loading soil additives. Passive recreation-nature trails,
swimming, boating and fishing could be encouraged.
B.
Landscape Character
The Town of Dartmouth is the fourth largest community, geographically, in the
State of Massachusetts. Over the past several years, Dartmouth has
experienced phenomenal growth with increases in both residential as well as
commercial development. It is this growth that threatens to eliminate, and at the
very least compromise some of the special landscape characteristics that lend
charm and character to this Town. Most Dartmouth residents enjoy a rich
diversity of landscape elements of such striking quality that they are not often
found within a single town’s borders. Dartmouth’s farmlands, wooded areas and
its proximity to the ocean represent perhaps the three most notable features that
make Dartmouth so aesthetically pleasing. Open fields, stonewalls, gentle
valleys, dense woodlands, delicate marshlands, expansive beaches and historic
buildings equally combine to give Dartmouth its special flavor. The sheer variety
of natural features, coupled with a wide array of commercial, industrial and
residential development, creates scenery that gradually changes as one moves
through town.
This Open Space and Recreation Plan is an opportunity to consider and carefully
manage landscape development so as to maintain this unique landscape
character. Dartmouth does not exist in a vacuum; development pressures that
threaten the South Coast Region likewise pose a risk to Dartmouth’s unprotected
open spaces that largely continue to shape and define the Town’s landscape
character. Therefore, wherever there is undeveloped, unprotected land,
Dartmouth must collectively understand that in five years, that same land may no
longer be undeveloped.
As many farmlands are replaced with residential subdivisions and woodlands
give way to commercial strip malls, Dartmouth is faced with the need to take a
rapid inventory of the changes in character that accompany such growth.
2007
5-2
Unchecked development cannot be a part of Dartmouth’s future if the Town is to
remain serious about the value of its landscape. Many within the community
already bemoan the loss of the wooded areas that for years defined much of
Route 6 between the North Dartmouth Mall just west of Cross Road as well as
the area along Faunce Corner Road (between Route 6 and Route 195). At the
Spring 2002 Town Meeting, the Planning Board proposed three changes to
Dartmouth’s zoning by-laws designed to control growth along this corridor. Even
though the changes were not adopted by Town Meeting, the articles raised the
public’s awareness of these issues. The first article would have “down-zoned”
the majority of the State Road area west of Cross Road along with three smaller
residential areas along Route 6 from commercial to residential zoning. The
second article would have provided the Town with greater controls over new
commercial activities. Under this by-law, commercial projects that reach specified
hurdles (minimum square footage, minimum parking requirements, drive-through
window, historic structures) would have been subject to a special permit requiring
traffic impacts, environmental impacts and the project’s general architectural
design to be considered before a project is approved with the goal of insuring
that new commercial activities are compatible with the character of existing
neighborhoods. The third article would have prohibited zoning variances related
to lot coverage on Rt. 6, west of Cross Road (located in the Aquifer Protection
District).
C.
Water Resources
This section will address a number of issues related to Dartmouth’s extensive
water resources. The first section on surface waterways reviews all rivers, ponds,
lakes, and coastal areas within Dartmouth. Sections on Flood hazard areas,
wetlands and aquifer recharge areas follow.
1) Surface Waterways. 1
1
Because of an act of the state legislature in the 1940s, all of the surface waterways within the
Town of Dartmouth associated with the Shingle Island and Copicut areas are owned by the -
2007
5-3
In considering rivers, ponds and lakes and finally, coastal areas, this section will
first address rivers. Three river systems flow through Dartmouth, and with their
adjoining wetlands form huge watersheds that affect water conditions in the
entire Town of Dartmouth and in abutting Westport. They also provide excellent
opportunities for canoeing, fishing, and sightseeing. In addition, the bay shore
offers opportunities for boating and swimming as well as providing several
coastal estuaries and ponds, including ecologically valuable areas that should be
protected from development.
Dartmouth’s Rivers.
THE PASKAMANSETT RIVER
The Paskamansett River is one of the most valuable of all the local natural
resources. It begins at Turner’s Pond, adjacent to the State-owned Acushnet
Cedar Swamp in New Bedford. It then flows southerly through broad wetland
areas to an old mill pond in the Smith Mills commercial area. The river then
follows a well-defined channel for about a mile before flowing into a large wooded
swamp for two more miles. Between Russells Mills Road and a second mill pond
in Russells Mills village, the stream is again well defined, with patches of white
water rapids. South of Russells Mills, the stream becomes subject to tidal action,
and is known as Slocums River.
In 2001, the Town purchased a ¾ acre parcel (Smith Mills Motors) in the heart of
the Rt. 6/Faunce Corner Road area for park land along the Paskamansett River.
Called The Paskamansett Landing, the park provides a green haven in the
commercial area and access to the river and waterfall. The park was developed
with funding from the State Department of Conservation Services, the Town, and
private donations. The Coalition for Buzzards’s Bay Land Center was
instrumental in the acquisition.
The Paskamansett River has historically supported a population of river herring.
In October of 2000, the Dartmouth Conservation Commission completed the
adjoining City of Fall River. This little-known fact impacts the surrounding land uses and the
amount of flexibility Dartmouth maintains over these systems.
2007
5-4
Paskamansett River and Route 6
Photo:
Paskamansett River Fishway Restoration Project to correct design flaws to the
fishway at the dam near the head of the tide at Russell’s Mills. In 2001, many
more herring were observed entering the ladder than in recent years.
2007
5-5
Other recreational amenities along the Paskamansett include a canoe put-in
along Russells Mills Road and a public Town boat landing at the small park
further south on Russells Mills Road. As a river for canoeing, the Paskamansett
is beautiful but does not enjoy clear passage along its entire route, it does not
provide accessible banks for stopping en route, and does not have any public
put-in location upstream.
THE SLOCUMS RIVER
The Slocums River estuary flows nearly three miles through sparsely developed
farm and woodlands. At its entrance the Little River, another tidal estuary of
similar scenic beauty, joins it. The Slocum’s River Conservation Project gives
permanent protection of approximately. 1,078 acres of land through cooperative
projects with DNRT, the Division of Fisheries and Wildlife, the Dept. of Food &
Agriculture’s Agriculture Preservation Restriction (APR) Program, the Town of
Dartmouth, and The Trustees of Reservations. The Slocum’s River Conservation
Project not only helps protect the river from future development, but also
preserves the incredible view of the Slocum from Horseneck Road.
Another tributary of the Slocums River is Destruction Brook. This short but scenic
stream originates in Deerfleld Swamp, and flows through undeveloped farmlands
and woodlands past an abandoned grain mill to join the Slocums near the Town
Park in Russells Mills. Destruction Brook supports extensive wildlife and was
once Dartmouth’s only fresh water hatchery for Alewife (in 1995 some Alewife
were seen trying to return to Destruction Brook to spawn). Water quality is
exceptionally high, and the river’s banks provide a good source of sand and
gravel for the construction industry. Destruction Brook Woods, a 297-acre
property extending from Slades Corner Road to Fisher Road, was recently
protected by DNRT as Phase II of the Slocum’s River Conservation Project. A
contiguous 45 acres of Town owned land was transferred to the Conservation
Commission, giving it permanent protection.
2007
5-6
Slocums River Photo:
2007
5-7
SHINGLE ISLAND—COPICUT RIVER SYSTEM
The second major river system and most important watershed drains most of the
northern half of Dartmouth. This system includes the Copicut and Shingle Island
Rivers, 1200 acres of wetlands and Lake Noquochoke, into which they drain. The
Copicut River flows south from Copicut Swamp and Reservoir in Fall River to
Cornell Pond on Old Fall River Road in Dartmouth, then merges with the Shingle
Island River. Shingle Island River flows from the Freetown line south to Lake
Noquochoke. The whole system is very valuable to Dartmouth for its water and
recreational needs. This natural resource system was only accessible through
the Town forest that historically has been landlocked and inaccessible to the
public. However, in 1997, the town purchased an additional 83 acres to give
public access to the Town Forest and this water resource. All of the Town Forest
property was transferred from Town ownership to Conservation Commission
ownership for permanent protection. The Noquochoke Wildlife Management
Area, a 140 acre property along the Shingle Island River, was acquired by The
Nature Conservancy in 1995 with assistance from DNRT, the Town, and MDFW.
BUTTONWOOD BROOK
The third stream system is the Buttonwood Brook, which drains the most
developed area of Dartmouth between New Bedford’s Buttonwood Park and
Apponagansett Bay. Buttonwood Brook has been extensively dredged, altered,
filled and is badly polluted. Other sections of the brook are very scenic, but its
potential for recreation has not been explored. This river is not suitable for
boating or swimming, but because it progresses through a number of dense
established neighborhoods that have no recreation facilities it could serve as a
focus for a series of small neighborhood parks. At present, the Dartmouth Natural
Resources Trust does own some land abutting the brook. The Town has school
department land on Buttonwood Brook north of Hawthorn St. with nearly ½ mile
of frontage on the Brook and a forest of mature Beech and Oak trees. This
property could be transferred to the Conservation Commission for public access
with parking at the school.
2007
5-8
The Town is currently underway on a program through the Coastal Zone
Management (CZM) to improve water quality in Apponagansett Bay to a level
where the northern area can be reopened for shellfishing. The program involves
a water quality study of Buttonwood Brook to find hot spots of fecal coliform
within Apponagansett watershed. The Conservation Commission is working with
the DPW and CZM to identify illegal point source pollutants to Buttonwood Brook.
This investigation has resulted in the identification of several illegal wastewater
connections.
Dartmouth’s Ponds and Lakes.
LAKE NOQUOCHOKE
Lake Noquochoke is the largest fresh water pond in the Town, encompassing
165 acres. The lake is intensively developed with cottages along its eastern
shore. Several small private beaches exist along the lake’s edge, but there are
no Town facilities. Because the lake is part of the Fall River industrial water
system, some limitations exist on its use [the City of Fall River’s water depends
on this for part of its water supply, Fall River technically owns the lake along with
a one foot strip of land along the lake’s perimeter.] Despite Fall River’s
ownership, people regularly are seen fishing along Reed Road into the lake and
homeowners surrounding the lake often use it for private recreation.
With a grant from the Massachusetts Lakes and Ponds Program, a report was
completed to propose a management strategy for the control of aquatic nuisance
vegetation at Lake Noquochoke, called the Lake Noquochoke Aquatic Nuisance
Vegetation Project. The study showed that phosphorus coming from Shingle
Island watershed was causing the vegetative bloom in the lake. An attempt to
address the phosphorus and nitrogen problems has been implemented to date
by the installation of Town Sewer to all the neighborhoods surrounding the lake.
2007
5-9
CEDAR DELL POND
Cedar Dell Pond, like Lake Noquochoke, has intensely developed shores,
especially on its south and west sides, which are crowded with small houses and
cottages. The extended lawn of the University of Massachusetts and a few small
houses dominates its east side. Cedar Dell Pond has little potential for recreation
because of its muddy bottom, crowded or swampy shores and algae-covered
surface. Presently the University of Massachusetts owns much of the land
surrounding the pond. It should be preserved solely for its value as one of the
few freshwater ponds in Dartmouth and as an attractive open space. Further,
development of its shores should be restricted.
TEAL POND
Teal Pond, located off Little River Road between Mishaum Point and Little River,
covers only a few acres but is of great value to wildlife. It is a coastal pond
characterized by fresh water and protective barrier beach. A large rock outcrop
adds to its aesthetic value. Teal Pond provides a nesting place and feeding area
for herons, sandpipers, egrets, swans, and migrating Canada geese. Similar
coastal ponds are located off the beach between Mishaum and Salter’s Point. All
of these areas are privately owned and provide habitat for wildlife. There exists
no potential for public recreation associated with this pond.
TURNER POND
Turner Pond is on the New Bedford/Dartmouth municipal line. It consists of 55
acres, most of which falls within the City of New Bedford’s boundaries, and
borders the Acushnet Cedar Swamp. Turner Pond is the headwaters of the entire
Paskamansett/Slocums River watershed and is near the end of the main runway
for the New Bedford Regional Airport. The Massachusetts Department of Natural
Resources owns the swamp and the eastern shore, but not the pond, itself.
CORNELL POND
Cornell Pond is a fresh water manmade pond on the Copicut River. It has
excellent potential for recreational needs of the area. North of the Old Fall River
2007
5-10
Road near Hixville Village and surrounded by woods and hills, the pond is
stocked for fishing and has a small park with a picnic table and a barbecue.
Additionally, there is a small canoe/boat launching area along the pond’s banks.
Dartmouth’s Coastal Features.
Dartmouth has an unusual combination of developed, rural and seashore lands
which lend themselves to creating especially scenic settings. Many would agree
that Dartmouth’s long and varied shoreline is its most prominent feature. This
shoreline is divided into three distinct areas: Apponagansett Bay, Clarks Cove
and Buzzards Bay. There are presently three Town-owned beaches: Jones Park
on Clarks Cove, Apponagansett Park on Apponagansett Bay, and Round Hill
Beach on Buzzards Bay. All Town beaches have improvements, are open year
round and are staffed during summer months.
APPONAGANSETT BAY
Apponagansett Bay serves as the Town’s harbor for commercial and recreational
boating. The New Bedford Yacht Club and several boating services are located
here, and the harbor is widely known as a center for yachting. Although there are
a number of private docks and landings along the bay (including private
residential facilities at Ricketson’s Point and BayView), two public Town landings
open onto the bay and offer excellent potential for expansion. One of the
landings, located at Apponagansett Park, was improved with upgrades to the
boat ramp, parking lot and drainage system. The upper harbor and its tributary,
Dike Creek, are well protected and suitable for small boats and canoes. [Dike
Creek flows into the Apponagansett Bay; the creek and its associated salt
marshes should be carefully protected for future generations].
Along the Bay, Apponagansett Park is adjacent to one of the Town landings and
includes a small town beach, playground, bandstand area, volleyball court and
two basketball courts. Additional site improvements to upgrade the recreation site
2007
5-11
according to standards set by the Americans with Disabilities Act [ADA] were
made in 1997, including the installation of new playground equipment made
available through an EOEA, Division of Conservation Services, Urban Self-Help
grant. The improvements to the park were important because this park is
considered to be a key component in Dartmouth’s recreation system, particularly
insofar as it serves those areas with the greatest population density.
Apponagansett is one of the most nutrient overloaded embayments of Buzzards
Bay. This results from its relatively restricted passage to the upper Bay and
excessive nitrogen loading from its watershed. Shellfish beds are closed within
the upper bay. The major fresh water inflow to Apponagansett is from
Buttonwood Brook; Buttonwood Brook provides the primary surface water
transport of fecal contamination to the upper bay (see section on Buttonwood
Brook). Consistent with its high nutrient loading, presence of wetlands on the
western shore, and restrictions to sediment transport, the upper bay has poor
eutrophic conditions. Because the Apponagansett watershed is over 80%
developed, nitrogen management options focus on cleaning up Buttonwood
Brook, improvements to existing wastewater and storm water management
systems discharging to the bay, and management of tidal exchange.
CLARKS COVE
The Clarks Cove area similarly contributes to Dartmouth’s shoreline resources.
This cove, lying between New Bedford and Dartmouth, was very badly polluted
until recently when pollution levels dropped and New Bedford and Dartmouth
were both able to reopen their shellfish beds. Heavy rains have an adverse effect
on water quality in the cove resulting in closure to both shellfishing and swimming
activities. Dartmouth has one improved public beach at Jones Park that is along
a portion of the cove. Another beach further south, Anthony’s Beach, remains
private.
Like Apponagansett Park, Jones Park is in the midst of a high-density area and
serves a large number of people through its beach, open space and softball field.
2007
5-12
New playground equipment that meets with ADA requirements was installed at
Jones Park in 1997. Jones Park has a great deal of available land area
remaining for future park development and expansion. Such available land even
provides the possibility of a greenway/recreation link connecting the park and the
DeMello [elementary] School and the newly renovated Dartmouth Senior Center.
This link would provide an exciting opportunity to integrate youth and senior
populations into the Town’s recreation resources.
The Conservation Commission received grant money from the Buzzards Bay
Project to perform a storm water remediation study and design for fecal coliform
pollutants within the Rogers Street storm drain. This study is currently underway.
BUZZARDS BAY
Buzzards Bay is a moderately large estuary located in Southeastern
Massachusetts between the western most portions of Cape Cod and
Narragansett Bay in Rhode Island. This unique estuarine environment provides
habitat for numerous plant and animal species. Ironically, the bay itself was
named after a large bird, identified as a "buzzard", which the early colonists saw
frequenting the shoreline along the bay. In actuality, the large "buzzard" was
really an Osprey. Buzzards Bay was designated "estuary of national significance"
in 1988.
There are many beaches along the western shore of Clarks Cove harbor and
Buzzards Bay, two of which are public [Round Hill Town Beach and Demarest
Lloyd State Park Beach] and many of which are private [Nonquitt, Mishaum,
Salters, Barney’s Joy, etc.]. These beaches can also be used below the high tide
mark for fishing and fowling.
Along the Buzzards Bay shore is the Nonquitt Marsh, an extensive saltwater
marsh entirely protected by the Dartmouth Natural Resources Trust [DNRT] and
the Incorporated Proprietors of Nonquitt. With funding from the New Bedford
Harbor Trustees Council, the Nonquitt Marsh Restoration Project is expected to
restore adequate tidal flushing to the more than 87 acres of marsh located in
2007
5-13
Nonquitt. The restoration is expected to greatly increase the habitat value and
species diversity of the marsh, to restore the natural exchange of nutrients
between the marsh and Buzzards Bay, and to restore the biological productivity
of the marsh.
In the southern part of Town is the State-owned Demarest Lloyd Park. Little
Beach is on the Bay, and is also open to the public and is owned by the
Massachusetts Audubon Society. Round Hill Town Beach, opened in the 1970’s
on a portion of Hetty Green’s former estate, has undergone very little change
over the past two decades primarily because of the character of the landscape
and the sites own limitations. In the southwestern corner of Dartmouth is an
exceptionally and environmentally sensitive area known as Allen’s Pond.
Dartmouth’s Wetland Zoning provisions and the Massachusetts Audubon Society
protect the surrounding saltmarsh and barrier beach, but additional steps,
including the acquisition of more land, will have to be pursued if this scenic basin
is to be retained in its natural state.
2) Flood Hazard Areas.
Both coastal and inland wetlands serve as flood protection barriers. They act as
giant sponges in times of flood, absorbing a tremendous quantity of water that
would otherwise inundate built up areas, causing property damage and
inconvenience. Barrier beaches, tidal flats and sand dunes provide a protective
barrier from damage by hurricanes and excessively high tides. There is indeed
good reason to protect wetlands from development. [Section G4. Environmental
Problems further addresses the issue of flooding]. Ultimately by protecting
Dartmouth’s open spaces including its wetland systems, the Town protects itself
from the likelihood of flooding.
3) Wetlands.
Most of the inland (fresh water] wetlands in Dartmouth, including Shingle Island
and Apponagansett Swamp, border the major rivers and streams, including the
2007
5-14
Paskamansett River, Destruction Brook, Shingle Island River and the Copicut
River. These natural waterways are vital elements of Dartmouth’s scenic
attractiveness. The undeveloped swamps and forests along these inland rivers
and streams together form two broad and nearly continuous green belts
extending northward from Buzzards Bay to the Fall River and New Bedford
borders
Wetlands are protected under the Wetlands Protection Act (MGL c.131 sec.40]
as well as by Dartmouth’s Wetland Bylaw (enacted at Special Town Meeting,
November 1986, Article 13]. The bylaw identifies additional interests which
combined with the State’s regulations covers areas of flood control, storm
damage, prevention of pollution, public or private water supply, groundwater,
marine fisheries, shellfish, wildlife, erosion, recreation and aesthetics.
The Conservation Commission managed three significant wetlands restorations
projects in 2000. The Padanaram salt marsh, a 10-acre restoration project,
received funding from the New Bedford harbor Trustee Council. Construction of
a replacement culvert is expected to start in fall of 2002. Nonquitt Marsh, an 85acre restoration project, received funding from the New Bedford Harbor Trustee
Council for the cost of replacing the culvert. The Cow-Yard Marsh restoration
project also started in 2000. Funding for this 16-acre restoration project is
coming from the Massachusetts Wetland Restoration Program. In addition, a
culvert improvement was just completed at the 10 acre tidally restricted
saltmarsh at Star of the Sea Drive.
The Conservation Commission, the Buzzards Bay Project and the Audubon
Society are performing a 6 acre saltmarsh restoration at Allens Pond.
DEERFIELD SWAMP
Between Lucy Little River and Fisher Road is the Deerfield Swamp. Although it
has no major tributaries running through it, this swamp is the major watershed
2007
5-15
and aquifer recharge area that feeds Destruction Brook. The Dartmouth
Conservation Commission owns 200 acres of this swamp.
4) Aquifer Recharge Areas.
Dartmouth’s Aquifer Protection Districts lie within the Paskamansett and Shingle
Island Watersheds. The map shows land owned by the State or Town, DNRT, or
protected through Conservation Restriction, APR or other development
restrictions within the aquifer protection zones.
Dartmouth was the first Town in Massachusetts to adopt Aquifer Protection
Zoning [September 23, 1980]. Recently, the Town has been aggressive in
acquiring land for aquifer protection. In total, approximately 122 acres has been
preserved for water resource protection in the last five years. In addition, the
town and DNRT have purchased 75 acres of open land within the Town’s Aquifer
Protection District, known as Szala Farm, located east of Chase Road and north
of the seven Dartmouth wells and abuts the Paskamansett River.
The Town has also completed the acquisition of the 104-acre Panelli property off
of Rt. 6 and municipal wells have been installed. These land acquisitions are
part of an overall effort to protect the environmentally important Deerfield Swamp
area that drains into the Paskamansett River as well as increasing the Town’s
water supply protection.
5) Watersheds
How Watersheds Function: An inch of rain puts 113 tons of water on each
acre of land. This tremendous amount is naturally tamed and distributed by
watershed areas. Vegetation in watershed areas plays an indispensable role in
this process; as vegetation increases, the porosity of the soil increases and the
percolation quickens.
Forest cover, such as the vegetation that covers most of Dartmouth’s watershed
areas, not only reduces the amount of water reaching the ground but also delays
the impact of these tons of precipitation and metes it out more slowly. A
2007
5-16
watershed functioning without obstruction or interference provides clean water for
fish and the associated complex of lower biological organisms.
Disturbing watershed areas in Dartmouth will not only affect the wildlife but also
the clarity of our rivers due to erosion and unpurified runoff. The availability of the
public water supply will also be diminished since Town wells are recharged by
water which soaks into the ground in watershed and aquifer recharge areas.
Buzzards Bay Watershed: The Buzzards Bay Watershed drains approximately
432 square miles of land, including lakes, rivers, streams, wetlands, and
groundwater, into Buzzards Bay. The bay itself is approximately 228 square
miles in size, and has a coastline which stretches over 280 miles. The coastline
of Buzzards Bay offers a wealth of diverse habitat, including: 5,000 acres of salt
marsh, 10,500 acres of eelgrass beds, and 5,000 acres of tidal flats, which is
essential to the marine life in and around the bay. The Buzzards Bay Watershed
encompasses all or part of 13 municipalities including the entire City of New
Bedford and Town of Dartmouth.
Dartmouth’s Sub watersheds: There are five sub watersheds of the larger
Buzzards Bay Watershed within the Town of Dartmouth. They are the Allens
Pond Watershed, the Apponagensett Bay Watershed, the Little River Watershed,
the Slocums/Paskamansett Watershed, and the Shingle Island Watershed.
Apponagansett Watershed, at 4658 acres, is one of the smaller Buzzards Bay
sub watersheds and is over 80% developed.
Little River Watershed is relatively
small with only 1,125 upland acres. The Little River Watershed has a great deal
of undeveloped land (over 80%), however over half of the watershed is
permanently protected through Conservation Restrictions, DNRT and
Conservation Commission ownership, and Agricultural Preservation Restrictions.
The Slocums River Watershed is the fourth largest of the embayment
watersheds to Buzzards Bay encompassing 23,161 upland acres. Upper parts of
the Slocums River Watershed are within New Bedford and Freetown, including
the New Bedford Industrial Park. Approximately 50% of the Slocums River
2007
5-17
watershed is forestland, despite the mid-watershed being dominated by heavy
commercial development (RT. 6).
The Little River, Slocums, and Apponagansett watershed have a direct impact on
the water quality of Apponagansett Bay, Little River and Slocum River.
According to the Baywatchers II Report, produced by the Coalition for Buzzards
Bay in 1998, these estuaries are in poor health because of nutrient overloading
within the watershed areas causing a process called eutrophication.
Eutrophication occurs when there are excess amounts of nutrients, mainly
nitrogen, which stimulates the growth of plants (algae and phytoplankton). Too
much algae blocks sunlight to eelgrass, reducing the area of valuable nursery
habitat and feeding ground and creating low oxygen conditions. Poor water
clarity, bad odors, stressed marine organisms and fish kills are all symptoms of
eutrophic conditions.
Protection of open space and implementation of growth management measures
within the sub watershed areas is essential to protect the water supply for
Dartmouth as well as improving the condition of Apponagansett Bay, Little River
and Slocums River.
D.
Vegetation
Dartmouth contains numerous natural communities that are typical for
southeastern Massachusetts and a few which are less common. The
combination of Dartmouth’s size and varied land use history have endowed the
Town with a rich diversity of flora and fauna, discussed in this section and
Section 4E. The wise stewardship and preservation of these many resources will
not only preserve the Town’s character, widely valued by its residents, but also
have regional, national and even global significance in preserving biodiversity by
protecting habitats [please refer to the Plant and Wildlife Habitat map on page 67
and the Vegetative cover map on page 68]. Development of a green way system
2007
5-18
linking forest lands and wildlife habitats will help promote recreational and open
space preservation throughout the Town of Dartmouth and beyond.
1)
Forest Land.
A majority of Dartmouth’s woodlands are dominated by oak and red maple in
uplands and lowlands, respectively. Numerous large tracts of woodlands may be
found throughout the Town, for example, between Horseneck and Division
Roads, Slades Corner and Fisher Road, Woodcock Road and Deerfield Swamp,
and High Hill Road and the New Bedford line. They are also found throughout the
Shingle Island River Watershed.
While many of these lands are private, there are many recreational opportunities
for residents to walk and hike in these forests. The Dartmouth Natural Resources
Trust (DNRT) maintains a number of reserves that are open to the public for
passive woodland recreation, as follows:
•
Destruction Brook Woods - Slades Corner Road
279 acres of pine forests, Atlantic white cedar stands, beech groves
surrounding Destruction Brook and the 3 mill ponds with 8 miles of trails.
•
Knowles Reserve - Intersection of Gulf & Smith Neck Roads
30 acres of early successional cedar forest, ponds, salt marshes and a
picnic area.
•
Howland Reserve - North Hixville Road, just north of Old Fall River Road
25 acres of upland pine woodland and old stone walls on Cornell Pond.
•
Star of the Sea Reserve - Star of the Sea Drive, off Russells Mills Road
44 acre former gravel pit with young scrub oak, red maple and pine forest.
• Frank Knowles/Little River Reserve - Potomska Road, north of the
Lloyd Center 120 acres of mature woodland along a meandering brook
with access to town owned land along the Little River Estuary.
•
Slocum’s River Reserve - Horseneck Road, just north of Barney’s Joy
Road Jointly owned by DNRT and The Trustees of Reservations.
47 acres of woodland and old fields with extraordinary views of the
Slocum’s River.
•
Smith Farm Reserve - East side of Smith Neck Road, just north of Round
Hill 140 acres, including mature woodlands, old fields and a horseshoe
pond.
2007
5-19
•
Ridge Hill Reserve – 200 acres off Collins Corner Road and connects to
the Copicut Bioreserve in Fall River and Freetown.
In 1995 access to woodlands along the Shingle Island River was secured
through the purchase of the Amaral Farm, a 140 acre property acquired by The
Nature Conservancy (TNC) in a cooperative effort by DNRT, MA Division of
Fisheries & Wildlife (MDFW), and the Town. TNC transferred ownership of the
property to MDFW. The property is called the Noquochoke Wildlife
Management Area.
The Town purchased a total of 298 acres to create the Dartmouth Regional
Park and Trails in 1997 through an EOEA Self Help Grant. This property,
known as the Old Apache Ranch has meandering trails and interesting contours
providing walking trails through forested areas.
Hunting is permitted in the Town Forest, just north and south of 1-195 east of
Reed Road. In 1998, the Town and the DNRT acquired with an EOEA Self-Help
Grant 83 acres of private land linking the town forest and creating a five-mile
recreation trail.
Some private groups, including the New Bedford Rod and Gun Club and the High
Hill Fox and Coon Club, own forested lands and permit hunting for members.
Much of Dartmouth’s forests are managed for timber under Massachusetts
General Laws Chapter 61 or the Massachusetts Forest Stewardship Program.
While some lots provide wood to heat homes, other provide wood for
Dartmouth’s lumber industry, e.g. the Delano Mill that processes hardwoods such
as white oak.
2)
Vegetation; General lnventory.
A majority of Dartmouth’s forest is dominated by oaks (Quercus). Mixed stands of
White, Red, Black, and Scarlet Oak are common on upland. Swamp White Oak
are found in wetlands with especially huge trees (5’ trunk diameter) in the
Paskamansett River floodplain. In the central coastal area, Hickory (Carya) and
Ash becomes co-dominant with Oak. White Pine (Pinus strobes) forms extensive
2007
5-20
stands in the northern and western parts of Town particularly on sandy glacial
outwash deposits. The only other native Pine, the Pitch Pine, tends to favor
gravel and ledge areas, but is also found in sandy swamps. Various blueberries
dominate the understory. American Holly (Ilex opaca) approaches its northern
limit of growth here. Holly trees with trunk diameters of 8”-12” and 30 feet tall are
locally common. On the many cool eastern facing slopes, American Beech,
(Fagus grandifolia) associates with Yellow Birch and Maple to resemble forests
found in mountainous New England; this is largely possible due to the cool
maritime summer climate. In the northwest away from the salt spray of the coast,
Hemlock groves are found with Black Birch--other mountainous New England
tree species. An uncommon tree is the Sycamore or Buttonwood tree (Platanus
occidentalis] which only grows in the wild as isolated specimens along
Buttonwood Brook in the eastern part of Town.
The forests of Dartmouth change from distinctive low growing (30’-40’) open
canopied woodlands along the coast to towering dense forests 80’ tall on the cool
east slopes. These rich, cool east slope forests are located far enough inland to
be somewhat protected from salt spray but close enough to the bay to benefit
from the damp fogs. Most forests in Dartmouth tend to be windswept because of
the constant southwest summer winds that force tree growth to lean towards the
northeast. Tall White Pine provide a reliable natural compass pointing most of
their branches to the northeast away from the southwest wind.
Wooded wetlands, dominated by Red Maple (Acer rubrum) are common
throughout the Town. In addition, the Black Gum or Tupelo tree (Nyssa sylvatica)
is also partial to wet sites and is very tolerant of salt spray and the coastal winds.
However, Atlantic White Cedar (Chamaecyparis thyoides) swamps, a habitat
recognized as globally restricted by the State’s Natural Heritage and Endangered
Species Program [NHESP], may be found throughout the Lake
Noquochoke/Shingle Island River Wetland system and to a lesser degree along
the Paskamansett River and Flag Swamp wetland systems. A common wetland
understory shrub noted for its summer fragrance is the Sweet Pepperbush or
Clethra. When in bloom the fragrance is noticeable when driving along roads
2007
5-21
near wetlands and contribute to the unique ambiance of the Town. Northern
Arrowood (Viburnum spp.) is also a common wetland shrub.
All of Dartmouth’s forests are subject to the hurricanes that periodically sweep
southeastern New England and maintain the coastal forest’s more open canopy
by routinely pruning and removing trees. As such, Dartmouth never had
undisturbed forests and the new forest growth can quickly resemble the original
forest.
Small but biologically important are the acid fens, bogs, shrub swamps and
vernal ponds that are scattered throughout the Town. In 2001, the Lloyd Center,
Dartmouth Conservation Commission, and DNRT surveyed approximately 30
vernal pools and certified 12 vernal pools on Town and DNRT property. Vernal
pool certification aids in the protection of these important natural resources that
give life to rare vegetation and wildlife.
Dartmouth has numerous salt marsh systems, including those associated with
Little and Slocums River, Allens Pond, Apponagansett Bay, Nonquitt Marsh, and
Meadow Shores. Vegetation here is typical of other salt marsh systems found
throughout the State with certain rare exceptions discussed in the next section.
These salt marshes are in many cases accompanied by dune and barrier beach
habitat.
Dartmouth has a strong agricultural past and much of its vegetation today is
characteristic of such use. Pastures, hay fields, and corn and other vegetable
fields may be found in similar frequencies. Commercial, industrial, and residential
growth throughout the center of the Town has displaced much of this agricultural
land. In the last five years, over 700 acres of farmland in 61A has been lost to
development. Many of Dartmouth’s fields act as upland grass prairie habitat. This
further supports the theory that without adequate protection, that land which was
once thought to be “open forever” may quickly be lost forever.
3) Vegetation; Rare Species.
Dartmouth’s numerous natural communities support a diversity of rare plants.
The activity of the Lloyd Center for Environmental Studies within the Town has
2007
5-22
helped to identify many of them. Without question, the Lake Noquochoke/Shingle
Island River Wetland system supports the greatest diversity of rare plants,
including Plymouth gentian (Sabatia kennedyana), Long’s bullrush (Scirpus
longii), long-leaved panic grass (Panicum longifolium), tiny fruited spike-rush
(Eleocharis microcarpa), rigid flax (Linum medium). Tiny fruited spike sedge, sea
pink and Long’s bullrush are all classified as endangered [the highest level of
protection] by the NHESP. The Noquochoke wetlands support the world’s largest
Long’s bullrush population. Every effort should be made to protect these rare
populations from infringement brought upon by development or inappropriate
recreational activities.
It should be pointed out here that the Town has a lengthy history of gravel
extraction that has left behind numerous abandoned gravel sites. Many of these
sites within the Noquochoke/Shingle Island wetlands mimic coastal plain pond
shores, a second rare habitat, and are home to rare species such as Plymouth
gentian. Plymouth gentian may also be found around Cedar Dell Pond.
Barney’s Joy and AlIens Pond also support rare plants including heart-leaf tway
blade (Listera cordata), sea pink (Sabatia stellaris), crested yellow orchis
(Plantanthera cristata) and New England blazing star (Laetris borealis). Much of
this land is protected already through the efforts of the Massachusetts
Department of Environmental Management, the Massachusetts Audubon Society
and the Dartmouth Natural Resources Trust. However, further protection should
be sought to protect this resource.
Other species of concern to the NHESP which are found in Dartmouth include
Bushy Rockrose (Helianthemum dundsum) Pinate Water Milfoil (Myriophyllum
pinnarum) and grass-leaved ladies’ tresses (Spiranlhes vemalis).
The Massachusetts NHESP has identified the estimated habitat of rare species
in Dartmouth. Every effort should be made to protect the habitats identified by
2007
5-23
NHESP. However, the Town of Dartmouth should make the protection of the
Noquochoke/Shingle Island Wetlands, AlIens Pond, and the Paskamansett River
wetlands top priorities.
While not listed as rare or endangered on a state or national level, locally rare
wild plants include Painted Trillum in the northern Hemlock forests; Round
Leaved Yellow Violet - - only growing on old uprooted tree root mounds in the
east slope forests; Mayflower, in gravelly soils near the Slocum River; Pink
Ladyslipper in Pine, Hemlock, and Oak Woods; White Fringed Orchis in
meadows and bogs; Columbine on coastal ledges; Christmas Fern in the cool
east slope woods; and the insectivorous Pitcher Plant in the Noquochoke/Shingle
Island wetlands. Additional unique plants include Bladderwort (Huttonia Inflata)
that are present in vernal pools; Butterfly Weed found in coastal open fields; and
Cardinal Flower located in stream banks and wetlands. These plants may not be
of state or national significance but certainly are of town-wide importance and
should be protected for future generations. At the very least selected sites with
populations of these plants should be preserved lest we face their irrevocable
loss.
E.
Fisheries And Wildlife
1) General Inventory.
Dartmouth’s diversity of habitat types support an
equally diverse fauna. Its upland forests support an abundance of forest dwelling
avian species, as well as typical small mammals, e.g. northern flying squirrel
(glaucomys) and eastern chipmunks (lamias). The large amount of land that
supports agricultural activities or sparse suburban dwellings, creates abundant
habitat for species which benefit from “edge” and field habitats. Specifically,
white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), red fox (Vulpes fulva), grey fox
(Urocyon dnereoargemeus), coyote (Canis latrans), and assorted smaller
mammals may be found throughout the Town in varying abundances. Wood (Aix
sponsa), mallard (Anas platyrhnchos) and black ducks (Anas rubripes), Canada
geese (Branra Canadensis), mute swan (Cygnus olor) osprey (Pandion
2007
5-24
haliaetus) and gadwall (Anas strepera) are among the avian species which breed
and feed in the wetland habitats of Dartmouth.
Aquatic Species.
Dartmouth has a 47 mile shoreline and ranks #2 in the State
of Massachusetts for the value of quahogs harvested. Clarks Cove is the most
productive area and is managed by New Bedford and Dartmouth. Apponagansett
Bay is also an excellent shellfish resource, however, shellfishing has been limited
in the inner harbor due to water quality issues. Little River and Slocums River
have less important shellfish value. Dartmouth issues between 500 and 600
shellfish licenses annually. In 2000, licensed fishermen harvested 5,067 bushels
of clams, oysters and quahogs valued at $758,054.00. In 2001, total shellfish
harvested was 4,591 bushels valued at $593,671. Between 25% and 33% of the
harvest represents recreational fishing activities, the remainder being
commercial.
Every year, the Natural Resources Department for the Town restocks quahogs
relayed from other areas. The Natural Resources Department also reseeds
shellfish areas. Seeding areas include the Bush Point area, Star of the Sea,
Apponagansett Park area, and Rogers Street area. Restocking is made possible
with funds from the Harbor Trustees’ Council.
Blue crabs (Callinectes sapidus) are fished in the Little and Slocums Rivers.
Lobster traps are set in the Slocums River embayment, Apponagansett Bay and
Clarks Cove. In total this marine shellfish industry occupies many people and
generates significant annual revenue.
Many individuals fish in Buzzards Bay for bluefish, striped bass, flounder, scup
and tautog. Every effort should be made to preserve Dartmouth’s estuarine
systems that contribute to the breeding and raising grounds of these fish species.
Fresh water fishing is common from Dartmouth-owned park land abutting Cornell
Pond (fish is inedible, see hazardous contamination section) and in Noquochoke
Lake. Yellow perch, sunfish, bass, bullheads and pickerel are all common
catches. A few alewife continue to migrate annually up the Slocums River and
Destruction Brook to the Deerfield Swamp.
2007
5-25
The Town of Dartmouth must continue to respect the environmental wealth of
Buzzards Bay and carefully labor toward the preservation of this indispensable
natural resource. This preservation effort should not be limited to wetlands only,
but must also respect the Town s responsibility toward the protection of uplands
(vernal pools in particular) as well.
2) Corridors for Wildlife Migration.
Much of Dartmouth’s wetlands serve as
important habitat for migrating birds. The coastal estuaries, salt marshes, and
associated wetlands feed and provide resting habitat for dozens of bird species
migrating in spring and fall. Allens Pond is perhaps the most important of such
places, being an important link along the Atlantic Coast flyway. Allens Pond is
utilized by more than 25 species of waterfowl and 35 species of shore birds.
Among the species which use the resource during migration are the federally
endangered peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus) and roseate tern (Sterna
dougallill), state-listed endangered short ear owl (Asio flammeus) and the statelisted threatened pied-billed grebe (Podiiymbus podiceps) and king rail (Rallus
elegans).
To a certain degree, much of Dartmouth, especially to the north, south and west
has remained sparsely developed and so may act as a local corridor for wildlife
movement. Route 6 (State Road) and I-195 present a formidable barrier for nonflying species, especially in the eastern section of Town where it is surrounded
by a large degree of development. To the west, around Noquochoke Lake, the
surrounding land is more open and may facilitate north-south movements by
some animals.
3) Fisheries and Wildlife; Rare Species.
There are 21 current and 2 historic (older than 10 years) state-listed rare animal
species that have been sighted in Dartmouth. It is of course likely that other,
unidentified species occur. A strategy which protects the known rare species may
have unseen benefits by protecting such unidentified species.
2007
5-26
Dartmouth contains an abundance of barrier beach and dune habitat from
Demarest Lloyd State Park south then west to its border with Westport. This
habitat and its associated salt marsh and surrounding uplands provides breeding
and/or summer feeding grounds for the following rare avian species:
•
piping plover [federally and state threatened, Charadrius melodus]
•
least tern [state listed species of special concern, Sterna antillarum ]
• grasshopper sparrow [state listed species of special concern,
Ammodramus savannarum]
•
Northern harriers [state listed threatened, Circus cyaneus]
•
osprey [recovering from declines due to pesticides, Pandion haliaetus]
•
common terns [state listed species of special concern]
•
Northern diamondback terrapin [state listed threatened, Malaclemys
terrapin]
Similar habitat occurs less abundantly further north, between Mishaum Point and
Round Hill and east of Nonquitt Marsh.
Dartmouth’s numerous riparian corridors and associated seasonally flooded
lands support a number of wetland amphibian and reptile species, some of which
are rare. The most important of such wetlands are the Paskamansett River
wetlands and the Noquochoke Lake/Shingle Island River Wetland systems. The
rare vertebrates inhabiting these lands are:
•
marbled salamander [state listed threatened, Ambystoma opacum]
•
spotted turtle [state listed species of special concern, Clemmys guttata]
•
four-toed salamander [state listed species of special concern,
Hemidactylium scutatum]
•
eastern box turtle [state listed species of special concern, Terrapene
carolina]
Atlantic white cedar swamps are located throughout the Town but are most
common in the Lake Noquochoke/Shingle Island and the Paskamansett River
2007
5-27
headwaters. Adjacent open fens support the rare chain fern boring moth
(Papaipema stenooelis). Ponds and associated wetlands support two rare blue
damselflies, Enallagma daeckii and Enallagma laterale.
The following State-listed species of special concern also occur throughout
Dartmouth’s grassland, upland shrub and wooded swamp habitats:
• chain dot geometer, Cingilia catenaria
•
coastal heathland cutworm, Abagrotis crumbi
•
pale green pinion moth, Lithopane viridipallens
•
imperial moth, Eacles imperialis
•
coastal swamp amphipod, Synurella chamberlaini
•
mystic valley amphipod, Cragonyy abeans
•
straight lined mallow moth, Bagisara rectifascia
Much of the land which supports Dartmouth’s most rare and threatened animal
populations are the same as those that support rare plant populations
(Noquochoke/Shingle Island wetlands, Paskamansett River wetlands, and Allens
Pond). These dynamic systems require a proactive strategy to ensure that
growth in Dartmouth does not compromise their natural integrity.
F.
Scenic Resources And Unique Environments
Throughout this Plan Dartmouth has been described in a variety of ways.
Perhaps, however, it may best be described as having both a suburban and rural
character with the added feature and grace of the Buzzards Bay coastline. From
the New Bedford suburban fringe to the east, the rural farmlands bordering
Westport to the west, the salt water coast1ine to the south and the rural forested
highland bordering Freetown to the north, Dartmouth encompasses a wide
variety of natural and built environments. Communities that may boast of
exceptional water views, intriguing waterfalls, rambling stonewalls, winding
woodland roads and the presence of dramatic rock outcroppings are surely few
and far between. Similarly Dartmouth’s historic villages, (Hixville, Smith Mills,
Padanaram, Russells Mills, and Bliss Corner) are spread geographically
2007
5-28
throughout the Town and originate from small scale traditional 18th century
centers forming the foundation from which the Town eventually grew. Dartmouth
encompasses all of these scenic natural resources and exceptional historic,
cultural and even archaeological treasures.
1) Scenic Landscapes.
In the southern part of Town, some of the best scenic views include the view of
the entire Allens Pond area from Horseneck Road near the Almy Farm; the view
of Buzzards Bay and Allens Pond at the Audubon Reserve, the view of the
Slocum River from Horseneck Road at Russells Mills Town Landing; Barney’s
Joy Road and Horseneck Road at the upper end. Similarly, views of Buzzards
Bay from Round Hill Beach, Apponagansett Park, conservation land along Smith
Neck Road and from Little River Road at the bridge, as well as views of Clarks
Cove from Jones Park are outstanding. There are also a number of farms still
along back roads that offer unparalleled vistas.
In the northern part of Town at the top of Poole’s Hill on Old Fall River Road, one
can clearly see far into Freetown and most of the Shingle Island Valley. On
Faunce Corner Road there is a tremendous view of New Bedford. While the
southern portion of Town offers views over Padanaram Harbor and Clark’s Cove,
northern portions of Town likewise possess extraordinary views particularly
related to Cornell Pond on Old Fall River Road, Shingle Island River on Hixville
Road as well as areas surrounding Lake Noquochoke. The proceeding sites,
highlighted in the Massachusetts Scenic Landscape Inventory of 1982.
The new Paskamansett Landing at Faunce Corner Road has opened a view to
the falls of the Paskamansett River. The view of the fields at the Noquochoke
Wildlife Management Area is also notable and the view of the Shingle Island
River at Hixville Road.
2) Unique Environments.
This section reviews major characteristics, geologic features, and resources in
Dartmouth for potential protection and exploration.
2007
5-29
Farmland: As previously noted under Section 4(b) Landscape Character,
Dartmouth faces the irrevocable loss of valuable farmland that has, over the past
decade, become more valuable as land for residential subdivisions rather than as
working farms. Historically, agriculture was of prime importance to the economy
of Dartmouth. Mainly subsistence farms, the agricultural land was intermingled
with wooded areas and historical villages centered around the harbor and river
heads. This pattern of land use has given the town a unique quality and beautiful
scenic areas. The threat to this scenic quality is the loss of farmland and wooded
areas to development. The change in use of these open areas affects the land
and its resources.
There are presently approximately 5,454 acres of property in 61A. As noted
previously, this method of preservation is not a guarantee and vital parcels can
be easily removed from this protection. In particular, the threat of farmland loss is
very real. From 1996 to 2001, approximately 711 acres of 61A land have been
developed for residential use. Some of the farms that have been developed, or
partially developed, in that time are the Isaac Farm (partially protected), the
Arruda Farm, the Vieira Farm on Faunce Corner Road, and the Wilcox Farm.
The good news is that in the same time perion 1996 to 2001 approximately 163
acres of 61A land has been permanently protected by DNRT and Mass Audubon
and through Agricultural Preservation Restrictions.
A major scenic and unique resource was protected over the last several years
that will improve the overall health of the Slocums River Watershed and estuary.
The Slocum’s River Conservation Project represented a multi-phase effort by
DNRT, The Trustees of Reservations, the state Department of Food and
Agriculture, and the Massachusetts Division of Fisheries and Wildlife, and the
Town to protect a total of 1,053 acres of open space, farmland and wildlife
habitat in Dartmouth. The project included Phase I to acquire the Island View
Farm with 2,000 feet of frontage along Slocum’s River, Phase II to acquire the
Dartmoor Farm; and Phase III to acquire the Destruction Brook property.
2007
5-30
3) Cultural and Historical Areas.
The Town of Dartmouth is one of the oldest and largest towns in the
Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Archaeological evidence documents the
presence of humans in the area for a period of 10,000 years. A recently
completed archaeological reconnaissance survey of the Town documented 50
previously unrecorded archaeological sites, both prehistoric and historic.1 The
Town has been identified as an area with high archaeological sensitivity.
The areas with greatest prehistoric sensitivity are to be found along the major
wetland margins. The Town could expect to find prehistoric sites along
Apponegansett Bay, near the Slocums, Paskamansett, and Shingle Island
Rivers, and along streams, swamps and ponds. Historic sites would most likely
be found near the historic villages of the Town and on some of the farms that
have existed for more than 300 years.
The protection of these sites will need the active participation of Town agencies
such as the Planning Board and the Conservation Commission, local and
regional preservation and planning advocates, landowners, Native American
groups and the general public.
The Historical Commission needs to continue to collect and update information
on archaeological resources, so that information can be recorded with the state.
The Historic Commission is actively pursuing legislation to require studies in the
areas designated on the archaeology sensitivity maps produced by PAL for the
survey. Also, the Town might consider an archaeological site protection program
by-law to protect known sites.
Districts of Critical Planning Concerns (DCPS) might be established in sections
of the Town, such as Hixville Village, Russells Mills Village or along
Apponagansett Bay that are deemed areas of high archaeological significance.
In a DCPS a comprehensive permitting procedure would require the locating,
identifying, evaluating and preserving of cultural resources.
1
Archaeological Reconnaissance Survey, Town of Dartmouth, By Holly Herbster and Deborah C. Cox
Public Archaeology Laboratory, 210 Lonsdale Avenue, Pawtucket Rhode Island, 2002.
2007
5-31
In some cases acquisition of open space would be the best means of preserving
and protecting areas of cultural and historical resources. In other cases, a
property owner might be encouraged to put a preservation restriction on their
property; that action may qualify as a charitable deduction for federal tax
purposes.
The Town of Dartmouth has four Historic Districts that are on the National
Register (please see Appendix 2 for list of State Register Properties). They are
the Tucker Farm Historic District, the Padanaram Village Historic District, the
Russells Mills Village Historic District, and the Hixville Village Historic District.
Within these districts are hundreds of historic properties. The Padanaram Village
Historic District alone includes 252 buildings and other resources. The
Massachusetts Historical Register does not afford these properties protection
from demolition nor does it ensure their historical integrity. However, it is a
positive step in creating a local historic district or having the property individually
listed on the National Register. Further, if state or federal funds are utilized in
renovation of the properties, they must go through a design review process with
the Massachusetts Historical Commission.
Of the Historic Districts, Russells Mills Village is the only Local Historic District
(designated in 1998). Properties within this district that are listed must comply
with the Dartmouth Historical Commission site plan review process.
The Hill School on 4 Middle Street and the Apponagansett Meeting House and
grounds are individually listed properties on the National Historic Register,
affording them added protection. However, the Apponagansett Meeting House
and Burial Ground on Russells Mills Road also have a Preservation Restriction.
The DNRT, in conjunction with the Waterfront Historic Area League (WHALE) is
currently working on the restoration of a historic grist mill, the Allen Mills, at the
Destruction Brook property on Slades Corner Road. The Dartmouth Historical
Commission and WHALE are also working on the preservation of the historic
Akin House at the corner of Dartmouth and Rockland Streets.
2007
5-32
Dartmouth’s rich history is preserved in its many cultural and historic resources.
Those areas need to be protected by various means to maintain the history and
character of the town.
4)
State Identified Areas of Critical Environmental Concern
There are no State Identified Areas of Critical Environmental Concern (ACEC)
within the Town of Dartmouth. There have been discussions of creating an
ACEC for the Allen’s Pond area.
G. Local Recreation And Open Space Interests.
Dartmouth’s recreation programs have been largely defined over the past decade
by both the public school system’s facilities and a number of private recreation
groups that provide organized active recreation activities for team competition for
the people of Dartmouth. Similarly, there are a variety of civic-minded
organizations whose mission involves the protection and enhancement of
Dartmouth’s open spaces. Each has uniquely contributed to Dartmouth’s overall
recreation and open space portrait. These groups and individuals include the
following:
1. Recreation Interests:
DARTMOUTH SCHOOL SYSTEM.
The public school system provides a mixture of outdoor and indoor active
recreation facilities for all children in Dartmouth. While each school-age child
utilizes the recreation facilities in traditional physical education classes, it is
estimated roughly 50% of the high school population additionally participate in
school-sponsored sports programs outside of the traditional curriculum. It is
because of this large participation rate that the system’s existing fields not only
are over-used and oftentimes over-scheduled, but there has been a recent trend
toward having to secure the use of practice fields outside of the school system
for the children.
2007
5-33
The school system maintains seven school properties which total over 135 acres
of land with approximately half of that available for recreation uses including
basketball and tennis courts, track, practice fields, soccer, field hockey, football,
softball and baseball fields. In addition to these facilities, the school department
maintains ownership of two additional acres of land associated with its
administration building and the alternative school both of which are in the
southern portion of Dartmouth and include a small softball diamond and
basketball court. The school facilities further breakdown as follows:
Andrew B. Cushman School (elementary) Includes 3.5 acres of land with an
on-site parking lot. There are two open field areas, a full size softball field that is
used by the Dartmouth Girls Little League, a basketball court and a timberline
playground set. As is the case with all school playgrounds, while many of the
equipment pieces are accessible, legal requirements governing the surfaces
upon which the equipment is placed negates the ability of wheelchairs to actually
reach the equipment.
Joseph DeMello School (elementary) Includes 49 acres of total land, much of
which is densely wooded. The property abuts the western boundary of Jones
Park and has potential for connection with that facility and the adjoining Council
on Aging center. New playground equipment was installed during the summer of
1995 through parent-group efforts. DeMello also includes open field area and a
softball area.
Job S. Gidley School (elementary) Includes 8.67 acres of land including the
parking area. The school has a baseball field that is used by both the Dartmouth
Youth Athletic Association (DYAA) and the Dartmouth Girls Little League (DGLL)
every day. Gidley also has a playground facility that was similarly developed
through parent-group efforts.
2007
5-34
George H. Potter School (elementary) Includes 11.5 acres of land with parking.
Potter School, like the other elementary schools, maintains a playground facility,
open fields and a baseball field.
James M. Quinn School and the Old Dartmouth High School Because these
two schools are adjoining, they total 63 acres of land. This figure includes the
stadium, a number of practice fields for athletic teams and the High School Band,
a full-size outdoor track, six tennis courts, 3 multi-use fields, a full-size baseball
diamond and two softball diamonds. None of the fields at any of the Town’s
schools are irrigated with the exception of the stadium. Additionally, given the
demand placed upon the land and the marginal construction of some fields
(particularly at the James M. Quinn Elementary School), fields are oftentimes in
poor condition and are not satisfactory for even good practice conditions. With
the opening of the new High School on Bakerville Road, the old Middle School
will became a fifth elementary school called James M. Quinn and the former High
School became the new Dartmouth Middle School. The stadium and soccer field
at the former High School will continue to be used for games.
New Dartmouth High School. The new Dartmouth High School, which opened
September 2002, is a 250,000 SF facility on Bakerville Road. The new state of
the art high school is adjacent to the Dartmouth Youth Soccer Association fields.
New recreational facilities at the high school consist of gymnasium with indoor
track and outdoor football and baseball fields (practice only).
Dartmouth High School Athletic Program. In 2001, the Dartmouth High
School Athletic Program offered 22 different sports. Twenty of these sports had
teams that competed at the interscholastic level and two sports competed as
independent sub-varsity or club teams. These programs were comprised of 41
teams and competed at the Varsity, Junior Varsity and Freshmen levels. These
athletic teams were made up of over 800 students and they participated in 630
athletic contests. Over 500 students participate in intramural programs at the
2007
5-35
Middle and High School with activities such as soccer, flag-football, basketball,
volleyball, weightlifting and badminton.
Dartmouth Youth Athletic Association The Dartmouth Youth Athletic
Association (DYAA) was formed and incorporated in 1955 when a group of
individuals decided to form a Youth Baseball League. DYAA also includes
basketball (it no longer offers football). The DYAA sees itself as an organization,
which provides opportunities for the youth of Dartmouth to be involved with
athletics and is unique in that every youth who signs up is placed on a team and
plays every game. The Association teaches sportsmanship, leadership, and
valuable cooperation skills. There are now approximately 1000 members
involved in baseball and 400 participants in the basketball program. The Crapo
Fields on Slocum/Russells Mills Road is the only property currently held by the
DYAA. DYAA added a little league and t-ball field as well as lighting
improvements to the Crapo facility. The fields at Gidley, Potter and DeMello
schools are also used by the DYAA but are considered inadequate.
Arrangements for field use are made through verbal commitments on an as
needed basis and the DYAA cooperates with other groups interested in using
these additional fields despite the fact that it retains the first rights to use them.
With the growth in participants in the baseball program, there is a need for new
fields. DYAA estimates it needs 5 new little league fields and 2 new pony league
fields to adequately run its programs. DYAA has been interested in linking town
owned land with Crapo field by acquiring an abutting farm. This strategy for
growth would keep all the fields at one location.
Dartmouth Girls Athletic League The Dartmouth Girls Athletic League (DGAL)
has 400 softball members and 300 basketball members. DGAL primarily uses
fields at the elementary schools and the Bush Street field.
Joseph Burgo Memorial Basketball Complex. In 2002, the Burgo Basketball
Association, a non-profit youth organization with a facility in New Bedford, broke
2007
5-36
ground for a new indoor basketball facility on Slocum Road. When completed,
the facility will provide basketball activities to area youths age 8 and older.
Dartmouth Youth Soccer Association The Dartmouth Youth Soccer
Association [DYSA] was formed as a way of bringing together the youth of
Dartmouth for organized team soccer play. At present there are 1400 children in
this program—a program that is broken-up into a spring and fall program and a
summer camp. This is one of the most active youth-based recreation programs in
Dartmouth primarily based at the fields on Russells Mills Road and at the
University of Massachusetts. The Russells Mills fields are on a 40-acre site
owned by the Park Department with a lease to DYSA. The fields abut the new
Dartmouth High School. DYSA improved their Russells Mill Road facility with a
new building for bathrooms, maintenance equipment, and snack bar. DYSA
maintains the fields at a high level.
University Of Massachusetts
According to Chancellor Jean McCormack, “the University continues to see itself
as a public university and institution; to that end it wishes to continue offering its
campus as a resource” to Dartmouth residents “for both educational and athletic
programs.” The campus continues its tradition of welcoming residents who have
used its “ring road” for jogging, walking, rollerblading and the like. These
activities, along with the public use of its tennis courts, are encouraged to the
extent that they do not interfere with the organized University programs.
Additionally, hundreds of Dartmouth youth annually use and enjoy the impromptu
soccer and athletic fields. [See also Dartmouth Youth Soccer Association]
Dartmouth YMCA
The YMCA Dartmouth, a satellite location of the YMCA of Greater New Bedford,
opened in 2000 and is housed on the site of the former Children's Museum on
Gulf Road.
2007
5-37
The facility includes an outdoor pool, a summer camp called “Camp Metacomet”
and environmental education and recreational classes. The site offers walking
and hiking trails.
Dartmouth Natural Resources Trust
Dartmouth Natural Resources Trust [DNRT] is a member-supported non-profit
land trust founded in 1971 to preserve and protect wildlife habitats, farmlands,
historic sites, and open spaces of Dartmouth through land acquisition, public
awareness, and responsible land stewardship for present and future generations.
Bolstered by extraordinary support from its 1700 household members, DNRT has
protected over 4,000 acres in Dartmouth since its inception 31 years ago. By
setting aside scenic lands, productive farms, and natural woodlands, stream
corridors and coastal habitat, DNRT has worked hard to protect the natural
beauty and productive lands that characterize Dartmouth.
DNRT has been able to forward its mission by forging partnerships with other
conservation entities. These partnerships with organizations like The Nature
Conservancy, the Massachusetts Audubon Society, the Buzzards Bay Project,
the Coalition for Buzzards Bay, the Department of Environmental Management,
the Bay Lands Center and the MA Executive Office of Environmental Affairs,
have helped to protect thousands of acres of open space.
The Slocum’s River Conservation Project is a prime example of how successful
partnerships can effectively preserve open space. DNRT worked with The
Trustees of Reservations, the MA Agricultural Preservation Restriction Program,
the MA Division of Fisheries and Wildlife, the Town of Dartmouth and the
Architectural Heritage Foundation to protect nearly 1,100 acres within the
Slocum’s River watershed. The purchase of the 116-acre Island View Farm in
January 1999, the 641-acre Dartmoor Farm in January 2000 and the 300-acre
Destruction Brook Woods property in November 2000 were outstanding
accomplishments for the effort to preserve open space in Dartmouth.
2007
5-38
In the 1996 – 2001 time frame, DNRT was able to protect a total of 1,400 acres
of permanently protected and sustainable farmland, woodlands complete with
walking and equestrian trails, as well as vitally important river frontage on the
Slocum’s, Shingle Island and Little Rivers. As of April 2002, DNRT owns 40
Open Space Reserves and holds 25 Conservation Restrictions.
DNRT is the only land trust in the Buzzards Bay watershed with three full time
staff, working hard to protect even more open space and making DNRT Open
Space Reserves more accessible to the public. DNRT’s endowment has tripled
since 1996, as has its membership base. In 1999 DNRT was honored to receive
the Conservationist of the Year Award from The Trustees of Reservations. Then
in 2001 the Dartmouth Grange #162 presented DNRT with the Community
Citizens Award. DNRT was also acknowledged by the New Bedford Standard
Times in 2001 when Executive Director Leslie E.J. Badham was named
Dartmouth’s Woman of the Year. DNRT has been a leader of environmental and
open space protection in the Town of Dartmouth for many years, and will
continue its vigilance for years to come.
Precinct One North Dartmouth
Precinct One North Dartmouth (POND) is a twenty-year-old neighborhood group
engaged in environmental and civic causes. POND was instrumental in getting
two acre zoning passed as a means of controlling growth in the northern portion
of the Town in 1994.
Friends Of Russells Mills
The Friends of Russells Mills [FORM] is a ten year old neighborhood group that
works with many other organizations in protecting neighborhoods to keep
Dartmouth’s character intact.
The Massachusetts Audubon
Massachusetts Audubon Society is the largest conservation organization in New
England, concentrating its efforts on protecting the nature of Massachusetts for
2007
5-39
people and wildlife.
The Society protects over 29,000 acres of conservation land, conducts nature
education programs for 200,000 children annually, and advocates for sound
environmental policies.
Across the state, Massachusetts Audubon operates 41 wildlife sanctuaries that
are open to the public and serve as a base for its conservation, education, and
advocacy efforts. Mass Audubon has been diligently working with the United
States Fish and Wildlife Service and the Dartmouth Natural Resources Trust for
over three years in an ongoing effort to protect as much of the Allen’s Pond
watershed as possible.
The Trustees of Reservations
The Trustees of Reservations (TTOR) was founded in 1891 by a small group of
open space visionaries led by landscape architect Charles Eliot, a protégé of
Frederick Law Olmsted. Witnessing the dramatic loss to development of large
amounts of open space in the Boston metropolitan area, this group successfully
campaigned for the establishment of what became the first private, statewide
conservation and preservation organization in the nation. The TTOR is a
nonprofit, 501C3 organization formed for charitable purposes to preserve, for
scenic, historic, and ecological value in Massachusetts and to protect special
places across the state. The Trustees own and care for over 90 reservations
totaling more than 22,000 acres of land. The TTOR was instrumental in the
preservation of the 1,100 acres within the Slocum’s River watershed and joint
manages the Slocums River Reserve with DNRT.
The Lloyd Center for Environmental Studies The Katharine Nordell Lloyd
Center for Environmental Studies, Inc. "The Lloyd Center" is a not-for-profit
education and research organization located in South Dartmouth whose mission
is to help create the next generation of environmental stewards through
education and research.
2007
5-40
The Center provides educational programs to students and their parents about
our unique and fragile coastal environments and our special responsibility to
them. The Center also promotes and conducts research on rare and endangered
species and habitats, biodiversity issues, and estuarine environments in
Southeastern New England.
The Center and its work commenced in 1978 when Karen Lloyd donated the
original building and 55 shorefront acres as a living memorial to her mother for
whom the Center is named. Currently, the Lloyd Center is working to certify
vernal pools in Dartmouth as a measure to preserve them.
The Coalition for Buzzards Bay is a membership-supported non-profit
organization dedicated to the restoration, protection and sustainable use and
enjoyment of our irreplaceable Bay and its watershed. The Coalition works to
improve the health of the Bay ecosystem for all through education, conservation,
research and advocacy.
Founded in 1987, The Coalition is supported by more than 1,500 individuals,
families, and businesses. Active programs at The Coalition for Buzzards Bay
include BayWatchers, a Citizen’s water quality monitoring program, and the Bay
Land Center, a new initiative launched in September 1998 aimed at increasing
the amount of protected shoreline, forestlands, and critical habitats in the
Buzzards Bay watershed.
5.2
Environmental Challenges
A. Hazardous Waste Sites.
The Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) has 67 officially designated
hazardous waste sites listed within the Town of Dartmouth, however, most of
these sites do not constitute serious hazards to public health. Most of the
properties identified on the DEP list reflect minimal leaks of fuel oil and gasoline.
2007
5-41
B. Landfills.
The Town of Dartmouth closed its landfill on Russells Mills Road for commercial
and municipal waste. In place of Russells Mills landfill, the Town of Dartmouth
and the City of New Bedford through the Greater New Beford Regional Refuse
Management District constructed the Crapo Hill Landfill in 1995. The Crapo Hill
Landfill provides Dartmouth with a cost-effective and environmentally sound way
to dispose of its solid waste. Located in the Town of Dartmouth’s northeast
corner, the site is approximately 150 acres in area and is bounded by the
Freetown line to the north and Conduit Road to the southeast. The landfill and its
related site facilities are located in an industrial zone and access to the landfill is
through the New Bedford Industrial Park. In 2000, ten additional acres were
cleared in preparation for Phase II of the landfill.
The District landfilled 116,210 tons of trash and construction debris in calendar
2000 of which Dartmouth delivered 11,711 tons, an increase of 9% from 1999.
Although Dartmouth recycled and composted 32% of its residential waste in
2000, more must be done in both the business and residential sectors to divert
recyclable materials from the waste stream.
The Greater New Beford Regional Refuse Management District also manages
the public education effort for the recycling program and the household
hazardous waste collections.
C. Chronic Flooding.
Dartmouth has several areas that repeatedly experience flooding problems in
heavy rains. In particular, dense areas built up prior to the introduction of
wetlands protection experience the greatest problems. In large part, flooding
occurs because development was allowed in areas that would now be
considered wetlands; thus, the loss of the wetland area and subsequent loss of
pervious surfaces results in areas of potential flooding hazards. Largely, then,
those areas in the eastern and central portions of the Town experience flooding.
2007
5-42
To counter this, regulations such as the Wetlands Protection Act and the Town’s
own stormwater management controls were adopted.
Dartmouth adopted a Flood Plain Zoning Plan on June 28, 1977. Flood plain
zoning does not attempt to reduce or eliminate floods but is designed to mold
flood plain development to lessen the damaging effects of flooding. The
Dartmouth Building Department uses this zoning to require certain types of
construction in the flood plain. Building requirements are very strict and in many
cases, expensive. Flood plain zoning does not prevent construction in the flood
plain, but does require structures to be flood-proof. This in itself may decrease
construction in the flood plain areas. In 1997, in anticipation of rising sea levels,
the Town amended the flood plain zoning to require that buildings be elevated
one foot higher than the current Federal requirement.
The “Flood Prone Land Overlay District” is a district designed to protect
structures in floodplains. Regulated floodplains are areas commonly referred to
as areas of the 100 year flood. In actuality, these are areas that have a 1 %
chance each year of flooding. These areas include locations flooded during
hurricanes and identify wave velocity zones. It is interesting to note that the
hurricane flood zone for the ocean is generally 13 feet above sea level, but
exposed land in wave velocity zones can have waves cresting to 20 and 30 feet
above sea level. Areas along rivers and lakes that flood are also identified, but
because Dartmouth does not have large rivers these riverine flood areas are not
as great a hazard as the coastal flood areas. A Special Permit from the Board of
Appeals is required to fill or excavate land in a flood zone other than that related
to building a house. The Building Commissioner ensures that standards to
prevent damage to structures built in floodplains are adhered to. The most
significant standard for new construction is that no area of human habitation be
built below the mapped flood level. Flood prone areas are shown on the Federal
Emergency Management Area maps for the Town of Dartmouth.
2007
5-43
Dartmouth’s Stormwater management controls are stringently regulated and
enforced through the cooperative efforts of many town officials including the
Conservation Commission and the Planning Board.
5.3
Analysis Of Needs
To this point, the Plan has produced an inventory of existing conditions for a wide
variety of attributes relating to open space and recreation within Dartmouth. This
critical information, coupled with the broad-brush goals discussed in Section 6,
must now be synthesized and evaluated in light of their relationship to resource
protection and enhancement. Thus, this Section is intended to provide the
necessary forum to examine Dartmouth's stated and implied needs in terms of
what already exists and how the community envisions its future. The following
Five Year Action Plan will address how the Town can achieve that realization.
A. SUMMARY OF RESOURCE PROTECTION NEEDS
The results of the Dartmouth Planning Survey show that an overwhelming
majority of respondents agree that land should be set aside for conservation and
open space (91.2%). Respondents place the greatest importance on preserving
open space to meet water needs and preserving farmlands. Residents also
place a high priority on protecting beaches and promoting conservation areas as
well as encouraging areas for wildlife viewing and for environmental studies, such
as the Lloyd Center. As the population of the Town continues to grow causing
more development and consumption of open space, there is less opportunity to
preserve areas that are valuable to the community. The results of the survey
give an extremely strong message to the Town that residents want to act quickly
to protect natural resources and preserve open space that contribute to the
quality of Dartmouth.
Need to Permanently Protect and Expand Unique Environments
There are many open spaces throughout Dartmouth that contain unique and rare
species (see Environmental Inventory and Analysis) and encompass fragile
2007
5-44
ecosystems including barrier beaches, saltwater marshes, and vernal pools.
Some of these ecosystems are being destroyed through encroaching
development. Expanding on presently protected unique environments within the
Town is a priority to provide added open space buffer area around these
sensitive areas. Increasing the area of existing unique environments minimizes
the negative impacts from surrounding development.
Further, expansion of currently protected areas creates greater opportunity for
preservation and growth of wildlife areas. Expansion of existing areas also
increases opportunity for linking of major open space resource areas and the
possibility of greenways and wildlife corridors. For example, both the Town
Forest area and the Noquochoke Wildlife Management Area have abutting
unprotected open space that should be preserved to extend these unique and
fragile areas. Identification of unique ecosystems is essential to their
preservation. For example, vernal pool certification can be used as a measure to
safeguard wetland areas that may otherwise be altered by development.
Need to Protect Farmland Resources.
The Planning Survey indicated strong support for farmland preservation through
programs such as APR and the promotion of working farms and agricultural
businesses. The survey and comments emphasized the preservation of “working
farmland” not only for the benefit of open space but also for its agricultural legacy
and social and cultural tradition.
There are a number of farms that are presently on the market or that are in
jeopardy; many that contribute to scenic and natural resource areas. Areas with
major farms in jeopardy include Western Apponagansett Bay, Little River
Watershed Area, Shingle Island Watershed, Paskamansett Watershed and the
Allen’s Pond area.
The Shingle Island Watershed has had some farms permanently protected
including the Souza Lagasse Farm on Hixville Road and the Souza Farm on
Copicut Road. The Lucardi Farm on Hixville Road and the Lopes Farm on
Collins Corner Road remain and need to be protected.
2007
5-45
The Paskamansett Watershed includes the following unprotected farmlands; the
Prince Farm (Smith Robinson) on Faunce Corner Road, the Paskamansett Farm
(Coutu) on Tucker Road, the Cornell Farm on Tucker Road, the Medeiros Farm
on Bakerville Road, the Vincent Farm on RockO'Dundee Road, and the Medeiros
Farm on Old Westport Road.
Unprotected farmland in the Western Apponagansett Watershed includes the
Webb Farm on Bakerville Road, the Weinshel Farm on Gulf Road, the Rosinha
Farm on Gulf Road, the Purdy Farm on Rock O Dundee Road and the Cambio
Farm on Bakerville Road.
The Little River Watershed Area includes the following farms that are currently
permanently unprotected; the Cornell Farm, the LaSalle Farm, the Larry Brownell
Farm on Smith Neck Road and the Kirby Farm. In the Allens Neck area, the
highest priority for permanent preservation is the Motha Farm on Allens Neck
Road.
The Agricultural Commission works with a statewide organization called LandLink that tries to link potential farmland owners up with farms that are at-risk of
being developed. The work of the Agricultural Commission, DNRT, and other
organizations to monitor valuable farmland and open space resources before
they go on the market, is imperative. Oftentimes when valuable open space
resources are put on the market, it is already too late for preservation efforts.
The Town’s Assessors Department needs to notify the Agricultural Commission
when farm owners do not reapply for 61A status. This is most often an indication
that the farmland will go on the market in the next year.
Further, the Agricultural Commission and Agricultural Trust Fund Council need to
create and keep updated a priority list of farmland that require permanent
preservation measures. Prioritization of farmland for preservation is based on
criteria established by the Agricultural Trust Fund Council. The Town needs to
assist in this effort by keeping an up-to-date inventory of active farmland and a
current GIS farmland map.
2007
5-46
The development of farmland in Dartmouth is a loss of not only historic,
environmental and cultural values, but also one with economic consequences.
According to a recent study commissioned by the Massachusetts Department of
Food and Agriculture and completed by the American Farmland Trust,
Massachusetts’s farms are net contributors to a town's revenue. Historically,
plans developed by the Town of Dartmouth have emphasized the need to protect
farmland.
" Agricultural land is an economical1y valuable type of open space which is also
aesthetical1y pleasing. Agricultural protection programs should be considered by
Dartmouth to preserve these lands and the Town's rural character."
---1976 Open Space and Recreation Study- Town of Dartmouth
"[Dartmouth should] encourage agricultural protection and continued use of farms
to preserve rural character and provide viable options to farmers for retaining the
use of their land for agricultural purposes."
-. ---1987 Growth Management Master Plan
Since the passage of the Agricultural Trust Fund, the creation of the Agricultural
Commission, and the growth of the Dartmouth Natural Resources Trust,
Dartmouth has had more success in preserving valuable farmland. However, as
development pressures grow stronger and the price of real estate escalates,
there will be a heightened need to create more aggressive measures to
permanently protect farmland.
Need to Improve Water Quality of Dartmouth’s Water Resources: As
described in the Environmental Inventory section of this plan, Dartmouth has
many and varied water resources, however, the water quality of many of these
resources has been on the decline over the last ten years. Water quality in the
Slocum’s/Paskamansett River and Little River has been on the decline. Shellfish
populations are down and eelgrass beds are depleting. The problems stem from
high nitrogen levels. Apponagansett Bay also has poor water quality, especially
2007
5-47
in the inner harbor where shell fishing is closed. The poor water quality is due to
the restriction of water and flushing of the upper basin as well as high watershed
loadings.
The Town, the Lloyd Center, the University of Massachusetts, and the Coalition
of Buzzards Bay, among others, have taken actions to improve water quality
conditions of Dartmouth’s water resources. However, a long term and
coordinated effort needs to continue including detailed water monitoring, land use
analysis and management, storm water management, and open space
preservation to improve water quality.
Open space protection within the areas of the Little River Watershed, the
Slocums River Watershed, and the Apponagansett Watershed needs to continue
as it serves to prevent future nitrogen loading into Little River,
Slocums/Paskamansett Rivers, and Apponagansett Bay. Growth management
measures to control nitrogen loading should also be explored for watershed
areas around rivers and embayments. For example, Wareham, Bourne, and
Plymouth have all passed Nitrogen Overlay Districts to adjust minimum lot sizes
in areas surrounding water resources. The overlay zoning for lot sizes is based
on calculations for nitrogen loading limits for specific water resources. For
example, overlay areas may only allow larger lots for residential development,
thus decreasing overall units and lawn areas. Covenants in new developments
to limit fertilizer use as well as building permit or planning restrictions limiting
lawn areas are other growth management measures, however, they are hard to
control and monitor.
Education of residents on the impacts of fertilizer use on nitrogen overloading
needs to be implemented. Excellent information is already available from the
Coalition for Buzzards Bay.
Need to Preserve Open Space within Dartmouth’s Aquifer Protection
Districts: An overwhelming majority of residents (95%) responded in the survey
that it is extremely important or very important to preserve open spaces to meet
2007
5-48
our water needs. Supply and quality of drinking water was also listed by a large
number of residents in the open-ended comment part of the survey.
Aquifer Protection Districts One (well sites) and Two lie within the Paskamansett
Watershed. Aquifer Protection District Three covers most of the Paskamansett
Watershed as well as extending north and covering most of the Shingle Island
watershed. Unmanaged growth and over development in the aquifer protection
districts will have a negative impact on the quality of the aquifer and the water
supply to the town wells.
Managed growth in Aquifer Protection District will serve to protect present and
future drinking water wells. Open space preservation within the aquifer district is
essential to preserve the aquifer resource. The Town needs to continue to work
with DNRT and other non-profit and state agencies to permanently protect open
space within the Shingle Island and Paskamansett watershed through acquisition
or other protection methods.
Sewer extensions to densely developed neighborhoods with faulty septic
systems within the Paskamansett and Shingle Island watershed districts should
be evaluated with care not to open large areas of present open space to
development.
Dartmouth's existing zoning by-laws prohibit covering more than 20% of any lot
with impervious surfaces within the Aquifer Protection District. This development
cap serves to promote open space in the Aquifer Protection District and to
protect the quality of the Town's water supplies. Variances that allow for higher
lot coverage percentages should be discouraged and additional tools should be
considered to better manage growth within the Aquifer Protection District.
2007
5-49
5.4 SUMMARY OF COMMUNITY’S NEEDS
Need to control over-development that impacts the unique quality of the
Town and open space resources:
The preservation of open space is intertwined with the growth management of
Dartmouth and the quality of life for residents. Thus, taking a comprehensive approach,
the Planning Survey 2001 focused both on open space and recreation and growth
management issues. The Dartmouth Planning Board compiled the following bullets,
which center on the results of the Growth Management questions within the survey.

Set a target population of 33,000 residents by Year 2021. (Question 24)

Slow the growth rate for commercial development. (Questions 19 & 25A)

Slow the growth rate for residential development. (Questions 19 & 25A)

Reduce traffic congestion. (Question 25A)

Apply more stringent sign standards in commercial areas. (Question 25C)

Channel commercial activity into existing developed areas. (Question 21)
The results of the survey, especially the volume of written comments, speak to the
general concern among Dartmouth residents on preserving the quality of the town and
its resources. The survey results clearly convey resident’s perception of over
development within the town, both residential and commercial. Commercial sprawl,
emphasized by vacant commercial buildings while similar structures are built on green
space, was cited specifically in a large percentage of surveys. New residential
development that subtracts from the character of the town, such as farmland
development, the obstruction of scenic views, and the development of forested land,
was also a major concern.
Need to Protect the Town’s Historical Resources: The results of the Planning
Survey clearly indicate that preserving Dartmouth’s cultural and historical resources is
an important measure in retaining the Town’s character. Approximately 76% of the
respondents said it was “extremely/very important” to preserve buildings of historical or
architectural interest. Respondents listed historic Sites as one of the most valued assets
in the Town. Many residents are concerned over the demolition of historic properties as
well as the degradation of the historic villages in the Town. The Town does have a
demolition delay bylaw but this bylaw only delays demolition.
2007
5-50
The Dartmouth Historic Commission would like to work with the Town’s regulatory
boards to assess the feasibility of measures for preservation through Bylaws and
Ordinances. Some of these measures include:
•
Scenic Vista Protection Bylaws
•
Transfer of Development Rights for Historic Properties
•
Archaeological Resource Preservation Overlays (PAL study “Sensitivity Areas”)
•
Village Center Zoning or Neighborhood Conservation Districts (Padanaram,
Russells Mills, Hixville, Smith Mills)
•
Local Option Property Tax Assessment (provides a tax savings to historic
property owners that rehab according to historic standards)
Further, because the Historic Commission in Dartmouth is not a regulatory board and
therefore is limited in what actions toward preservation it can take, it is important to
educate those policy and decision-makers who can impact the future of these resources.
Finally, while Dartmouth has been able to protect a number of culturally, historically and
archaeologically significant resources, it has typically been unable to consistently
maintain those resources with labor and financial commitment.
The Historic Commission has also developed a list of ideas for potential uses of
Community Preservation Act (CPA) funds, or other available funding, to preserve
historical resources within the Town. These include:
o
Grants and low interest loans for restoration and rehabilitation of old houses
(preservation restrictions to be put on all houses thus aided).
o
Grants and low interest loans for restoration of old stone walls, and other
structures.
o
Acquisition of property by purchase or eminent domain for resale to an owner
who could then rehabilitate them with assistance from the CPA fund.
o
Programs/incentives to encourage developers to retain old farmhouses and
barns on farmland undergoing development.
o
Historic façade and signage programs utilizing loans and/or matching grants.
2007
5-51
Need to Build a Healthy Community: Public health is as important at a local level as it
is at the national level. According to the U.S. Surgeon General’s Office (Dec. 2001),
more than 60% of Americans are overweight, more than double the prevalence since
1980. Many attribute American’s declining health to its debilitating dependency on cars
and municipalities reluctance to incorporate non-vehicular transportation systems into
their land use planning. It is a local responsibility to provide safe places to play, walk,
jog, or ride a bike, however, many times these essential public health needs are
overlooked in development plans. Key factors in building healthy communities are:
o Incorporating trails and sidewalks in all new development plans.
o Providing safe, non-vehicular access to schools.
o Promoting non-vehicular commuter options.
o Education on the benefits of exercise, especially for children.
o Expansion of low-cost recreational opportunities for all ages.
o Future growth management measures incorporated by Town should encourage
and incorporate these healthy community factors.
Need for New Recreational Facilities
Based on density changes within the Town, general growth in population, and new and
growing recreational demands, the Town of Dartmouth has a need for several new
recreational facilities, as listed below:
1.) Neighborhood Parks/Playgrounds. Currently, the Town has 6 neighborhood
playgrounds/parks (Paskamansett Landing, Apponagansett Playground, Russells
Mills Landing, Mothas Park, Ameilia Jones Park, Cornell Pond) and 5
playgrounds at the elementary schools (Quinn, Gidley, Cushman, Potter, and
DeMello). Service Area Distribution Standards that have been developed by the
National Recreation and Park Association for these playgrounds are illustrated
on the Map entitled, "Service Areas for Recreation Facilities" found on page 117.
Distribution or service areas for neighborhood playgrounds are ½ mile (within
walking distance). As is oftentimes the case when applying national standards to
any community, one must exercise caution in becoming overly reliant on the
merit and significance of such standards. The service areas depicted in the
“Service Areas for Recreation Facilities" map visually demonstrate that based on
national guidelines, many areas of Dartmouth are not within a "comfortable
2007
5-52
walking distance" of certain recreation facilities. The Dartmouth Planning Survey
further confirms the need for new playgrounds; only 28% of the respondents
indicated they had convenient access to local neighborhood parks and 32%
responded that they had convenient access to children’s play areas.
Density and demographics also play an important part in the need for new
playgrounds. New subdivisions in the northern and midsections of Town with
growth in the population of school age children create added demand for
playgrounds. There are a number of areas that provide no active recreation
opportunities for residents whatsoever. Existing facilities service the more
urbanized sections of Dartmouth particularly in the central-eastern portion of
Town but conversely leave a need for additional recreation facilities, particularly
in sections of the southern, western and northern parts of the Town (the new
Dartmouth Regional Park and Trails and Cornell Pond Park have helped to
provide new recreational opportunities to neighborhoods north of 195).
Maintenance and upgrade of existing facilities is of extreme importance. It is
important to note the reliance by the Town on elementary school
playgrounds to serve as neighborhood playgrounds. However, there has
been little funding for maintenance and upgrade of these facilities. In fact, in
most cases private fund raising has been the main source for replacement of
school playgrounds. There is a need for the Town to set aside funding to assist in
the replacement of outdated and unsafe school playground equipment for the
benefit of the neighborhoods that these facilities serve.
2.) Swimming Pool. Presently, Dartmouth has no town-owned indoor swimming
facility. The New Bedford YMCA has an indoor pool and the new Dartmouth
YMCA has an outdoor pool for weekend and evening use (members only). In the
Planning Survey only 11% of the respondents indicated they had convenient
access to a swimming pool. The Town needs to plan for an indoor swimming
facility. The Park Department has an indoor pool planned as Phase V of the
Dartmouth Regional Park and Trails development.
3.) Playfields. Playfields have a one-mile [5280 linear feet] walking distance service
area; in other words, a playfield adequately services those residents who live
roughly within one mile of the facility. At present, there are town playfield facilities
at Dartmouth Regional Parks and Trails, Amelia Jones Park, Bush Street
Administration Building, the High School, Middle School, and the five elementary
2007
5-53
schools. The largest facility is the Dartmouth Youth Athletic Association (DYAA)
Crapo Fields. DYAA believes if more facilities were available, that the
overcrowding of present fields could be alleviated and the ability to engage more
children would be possible. It is DYAA 's contention that there are simply not
enough fields to meet current demand and that this stresses the fields and
creates overcrowding. Therefore, there is a need to increase the number of fields
available. There is town-owned land behind the Crapo field facility that should be
explored for field expansion.
An expansion of soccer fields is also needed in Dartmouth to meet the intense
demand for space. The Dartmouth Youth Soccer Association (DYSA) has seen
growth in the last few years and projects continued increase in players. The
DYSA fields on Russells Mills Road are at maximum use for spring, fall, and
Summer Camp soccer. There is also continued use of fields at the University of
Massachusetts, however, more soccer associations have been using Umass
and there is less space available than in the past. The new High School adjacent
to the DYSA fields will not include game soccer fields. Additional soccer field
areas are needed as a means of relieving over-burdened fields and allowing for
the projected growth in this sport.
Because the private athletic associations provide much needed recreational
services and facilities to the town, there is a need for the town to work together
with DYSA, DYAA, DGAA and other private recreation organizations to meet
growing field demand.
4.) Town Community/Recreation Center. According to the Planning Survey, only
6.5% of respondents indicated they had access to a recreation center.
Dartmouth has no town-owned recreation center. HealthTrax (private health
club) and the new Dartmouth YMCA are private facilities available to residents,
however these facilities do not have indoor soccer/baseball facilities. With the
loss of the Dartmouth Sports Dome in 2002 (a private facility with indoor field
space) there is a need for indoor field space. According to the Recreation
Director, Dartmouth does not lack recreation, per se; however,
Dartmouth does lack facilities. Current efforts to find land and funding for a
recreation center need to continue.
2007
5-54
Need for New Recreational Opportunities: Results of the Planning Survey, research
by committee members, as well as information by private recreation groups have shown
the need to respond to changes in demographics and recreational interests. There are
recreational interests that are not currently being addressed adequately by the town and
need to be considered in future planning, as follows:
o
Public Fishing Areas: Currently, there are no formal public fishing areas in the
Town. However, there are several informal areas that are used. The
Padanaram Bridge is probably the most popular area and is enjoyed by many for
fishing in Appanogansett Bay. Some conflict between people fishing and
walkers, bikers, and joggers trying to use the sidewalk on the bridge has
resulted. There needs to be a thorough assessment of public fishing
opportunities and a strategy to meet the current demands for this activity.
o
Equestrian Facilities: There are no town-owned equestrian facilities in
Dartmouth. There are a number of trail systems open to horses, including the
DNRT Destruction Brook trails. Yet, there is a further demand for a formal
equestrian facility for jumping and shows. A cost/benefit analysis needs to be
explored for the construction of an equestrian facility supported by user fees.
The Dartmouth Regional Parks and Trails may be able to incorporate such a
recreational facility.
o
Skate Board Park: A skate park was not rated highly by respondents in the
Planning Survey (15% rated this recreational resource “very important), but that
is primarily because few youths filled them out. The Park Department has
received petitions from youths and parents requesting a skate park. The Park
Department has been exploring areas where a skate park may be feasible,
however, state funding is not available at this time for construction of this type of
recreational facility. Suggestions for locating such a facility include vacant
commercial space in the Faunce Corner area as well as the Dartmouth Regional
Parks and Trail Development. Financing and locations for a skate park should
continue to be investigated.
Need to Respond to Special User Needs and Changes in Demographics.
a) Disabled. According to Federal Census 2000 Data, a total of 4,388 people, or 14.3%
of the town’s population, have a disability. This breaks down by age group to 1.1%, or
2007
5-55
340 people 5 to 20 years old, 7.7.5% or 2,376 people 21 to 64 years old, and 5.5% or
1,672 people 65 years and older. This is a significant segment of the population.
In 1990 the Americans Disabilities Act [ADA] was federally adopted placing strict
regulations upon businesses, commerce, industry, schools and government compelling
the provision of equal access to persons of all capabilities. In its pursuit of this
compliance, Dartmouth engaged an accessibility assessment in 1993 for all of the
Town's holdings. For Dartmouth's open space and recreation resources, ADA means
that Dartmouth's parks and beaches must provide such access. In the last six years, the
Park and Recreation Departments have done an excellent job in making all parks and
beaches (except Motha’s Park and Cornell Pond) handicap accessible. Park
improvements were made to Apponagansett Park, Jones Park, and Russells Mills
Landing in 1996 including new playground equipment and bathhouse improvements. All
town beaches are handicap accessible with boardwalks leading to the water. Efforts
should continue to complete accessibility renovations to the two remaining parks, as well
as providing special handicapped play structure elements at town playgrounds and
schools.
b) Elderly Users. There is a need to respond in the next five years to the growing
senior demographics. The age group of 45 to 59 increased the most in the last ten years
representing 15% of the population in 1990 and 20% of the population in 2000. As this
first wave of baby boomers reaches sixty over the next five years, the town needs to
respond to this active, yet senior, age group. The survey suggests older respondents
are most interested in individual activities such as nature hiking and fitness trails, as well
as sports such as golf and tennis.
Dartmouth is already responding to its concern for exceptional senior citizen facilities. In
1995 Dartmouth completed construction on a major senior center in the easternmost
section of Town through the Dartmouth Council on Aging and with the assistance of the
Massachusetts Small Cities Grant Program. The Social Day Program section of the
center is currently being expanded to include a new room. The facility is well sited
insofar as it is within a few minutes of a number of public and subsidized elderly housing
complexes in a largely dense area of Town. This center provides a number of services
and opportunities for seniors including a day program, entertainment, meals and
opportunities for leisure. Activities include bridge, pool, card playing and a horseshoe
2007
5-56
pit. The day program is considering a private garden and walking path for exclusive use
of the center. The Senior Center also has planned trips and a walking club.
The Dartmouth Senior Center is a wonderful example of what happens when the needs
of a growing segment of the population are realistically considered and creative solutions
are implemented.
The town and its partners should undertake more trail systems, such as DNRTs
Slocum’s River Reserve as well as Destruction Brook. In developing new park and
recreation sites, opportunities should be explored to link systems and facilities. As a
very active demographic moves into the senior age group, it is important that the Council
on Aging create stronger movement and transportation linkages between elderly housing
and recreation opportunities and by working to bridge the gap between this age group
and younger groups through both passive and active recreation venues.
Need to Continue to Explore Regional Open Space and Recreation
Initiatives.
SCORP The State Conservation Open Space and Recreation Plan (SCORP], written in
1988 and updated in 1993 breaks the Commonwealth down into seven regions including
an area referred to as “Southeastern Massachusetts” which, includes Dartmouth. In its
analysis of the region, the SCORP identifies the top five issues in rank-order importance
for this area as being:
•
Development and expansion of recreation facilities.
•
Maintenance of recreation facilities.
•
Acquisition and protection of water supply areas.
•
Acquisition and protection of recreation areas.
•
Acquisition and protection of conservation areas.
Additional issues also fitting into a high-priority category for this region included
development and expansion of water-based recreation, acquisition and protection of
wildlife habitat and scenic areas, development and expansion of handicapped access,
and development and expansion of trail corridors.
Included further in the SCORP (and most significant to this plan) are planning
recommendations for this region, many of which are particularly applicable to the Town
of Dartmouth. These include:
2007
5-57
•
Improving the opportunities for water-based recreation and increasing access points
to the water.
•
Placing a high priority on the acquisition and development of recreation areas as
funds for these resources become available.
•
Maintaining a balance between the development of land-based recreation and waterbased facilities.
•
Developing a marketing program aimed at improving the awareness of State-owned
facilities [such as Demarest Lloyd State Beach].
The Southeastern Regional Planning and Economic Development District
[SRPEDD] has developed a Regional Bike Plan, which would connect all 27
southeastern communities in its District including the Town of Dartmouth. In a
time when society is as highly mobile as it is now, opportunities for regional
linkages such as this bike path system should be vigorously pursued by
Dartmouth in concert with SRPEDD. As evidenced by the Southeastern
Massachusetts Bioreserve, additional opportunities for connections to abutting
communities exist both in terms of walking/hiking trails, canoeing areas and open
space greenways.
5.5 MANAGEMENT NEEDS, POTENTIAL CHANGE OF USE
Need to Support and Encourage Private Protection Efforts
The most notable open space initiatives in the past decade have been spurred by
the private non-profit land trust, DNRT, in concert with the state and larger nonprofits. The Town needs to continue to support this group, both in terms of
collaborative planning and by joint financing through grants and town funds,
including the Community Reinvestment Act (CRA).
Need to Merge the Activities of the Park and Recreation Departments
The 1996 Open Space and Recreation Plan raised the need for a Director staff
position in the Park Department. In 1998, the Town created a staff position of
Park Superintendent. The Park Superintendent is responsible for overseeing the
Park Department, maintaining all parks in the town, and writing grant applications
2007
5-58
and planning for new park facilities. The Park Superintendent has been
instrumental in the development of the new Dartmouth Regional Park and Trails
and upgrading parks for compliance with ADA, among other things.
The stewardship of these departments in the future must be discussed to reduce
duplication efforts. This coordination between recreation and park departments
is needed to positively shape recreation development and use. One aspect that
must be looked at would be combining both departments such as Taunton and
Wareham have done. A subcommittee made up of both boards should research
this idea of combining efforts as not to duplicate services.
Park and Recreation Boards should meet together on a regular basis to focus on
integrating programming and maximizing use of facilities. At an educational
level, the two departments can coordinate educational programming and
marketing of park facilities and recreation programs. From these meetings, a
discussion and strategy for collaboration/merging of Park and Recreation
Departments can take place.
Need for increased Environmental and Natural Resource Education
Environmental education has slowly begun to find its way into the mainstream
and, in turn, there is a growing awareness about the role open space plays in an
ecological, aesthetic and economic capacity. The Town needs to continue and
strengthen work with local non-profit organizations, such as the Lloyd Center,
DNRT, and the Coalition for Buzzards Bay, to educate residents on the
importance of protecting Dartmouth’s unique ecological characteristics. Some
educational topics that should be highlighted are:
o Water quality of our estuaries such as Little River, Apponagansett Bay due
to nitrogen over-loading.
o Importance of farmland to the quality of our town and economy.
o Importance of the preservation of Dartmouth’s aquifer and watersheds.
2007
5-59
Need for Public Education of Open Space and Recreational Opportunities.
By increasing the public’s knowledge of the availability of recreation opportunities
in the Town of Dartmouth, those facilities that are underutilized will be able to
better serve a population hungry for greater recreational opportunities. Quite
simply, a recreation system that townspeople don’t know about will fail to meet its
primary obligation. This plan has repeatedly discussed the importance of public
education; this recognition is again articulated in the Goals and Objectives
section of this plan.
In considering public outreach and education techniques that might be
undertaken to satisfy the Town’s need and desire for such information, the
following may be considered:
o Design and installation of uniform signage for all recreation facilities.
o Promotion of the availability of passive and active recreation facilities
through leaflets, handouts, and the media.
• Promotion of recreation and open space opportunities by sponsoring
special interest programs in the schools at all age levels.
o Foster a close relationship with the DNRT, the Lloyd Center and any other
such organizations in their efforts to educate the general public about the
need for and availability of passive recreation areas.
Need to Increase the Park and Recreation Budgets to Adequately Address
Maintenance and Upgrade of Facilities and Increased Demand For
Recreational Programming.
The Dartmouth Park Department maintains each park and beach to a high
standard. Overall the parks and beaches are clean and well kept. The Recreation
Department also has outstanding summer recreational opportunities for
Dartmouth residents. However, both the park and recreation expense budgets
for maintenance of facilities and recreational programming have not increased
even though the town’s population has grown and there are added park facilities.
2007
5-60
The expense budget for the Park Department is well below many surrounding
towns including Fairhaven, Lakeville, Plymouth, Raynham, Swansea, and
Taunton. The Recreation Department had their funding for recreational
programming cut this year, even though there are greater needs due to
population growth and recreational demand. Thus, there is a need to increase
the expense budget for maintenance of parks and beaches as well as a need to
increase the budget for recreational programming within the town.
Further, beyond the need to provide for daily operations, there is also the need to
provide medium and long-term stewardship for each park and for each beach.
This includes planning for the upgrade of existing playground equipment, facility
design, and special user needs.
To this end, there is a need to channel user
fees for town beaches and parks back into their respective maintenance budgets.
Currently, town user fees go back into the general budget and there is no
guarantee that the facilities will benefit from the fees associated with their use.
Need to Explore New Recreational Possibilities
There is a need to continue to explore new park and recreational possibilities
within the Town resulting from change in ownership of property or change in use.
For example, there may be an opportunity to reuse the Russells Mill Landfill for a
new passive park or athletic fields once capping and restoration is complete.
2007
5-61
SECTION 6
SERVICES AND FACILITIES
Photos: Nancy Durfee, Greg Guimond and Pictometry
Section 6
Services and Facilities Background
6.1 Growth Projections
Under a federal mandate to plan regional transportation facilities for a twenty-year
period, the Southeastern Regional Planning and Economic Development District
(SRPEDD) completes growth projections for the SRPEDD region, and for each
individual community. In the 2006 SRPEDD Transportation Plan, Dartmouth is
projected to grow through the year 2030. Table 6-1 below reflects these projections.
Table 6-1: Growth Projections for Dartmouth
2000
2010
Population
Occupied
Housing Units
In-Town
Employment
Population Change
2020
2025
2030
30,666
10,555
34,165
11,786
37,663
13,017
39,413
13,633
41,166
14,250
13,344
15,205
16,733
17,674
18,617
--
+11.4 %
+10.2%
--
+ 9.3 %
With this growth will come increased demands for all the services provided by the
community from public education to public safety to public infrastructure to public
management. Each department within municipal government should be looking to the
future and preparing plans for meeting these increased service demands. In order to
maintain service delivery both operational and capital investments will be necessary.
Some municipal departments are under regulatory mandates to plan while others
complete only the five-year capital plan for the review of the Finance Committee and
Select Board. This chapter presents a brief overview of each department’s current
operations, the type of planning that each has undertaken, and the needs identified.
6.2 Libraries
The population of Dartmouth is served by three public library facilities: the main library,
Southworth and two branch facilities, The North Dartmouth Branch and the Russells
Mills Branch. Map 7 illustrates the location of each of these facilities. The map also
includes the site purchased in 2001 on Cross Road for a new North Dartmouth Branch
facility. Table 9-2 provides a summary of pertinent information on these facilities.
Table 6-2: Library Facilities in Dartmouth
Location
Bldg Size
Year
Borrowers
(Sq. Ft.)
Built
(FY 06)
Southworth 22,120
1969
12,320
North
3,600
1962
8,192
Dartmouth
Russells
2,200
1871
Included
Mills
Above
Services and Facilities
Circulation
(2005)
147,912
95,576
5,891
Collection
(2005)
156,688
108,354
5,272
ADA
Compliance
Complete
Partial
Not
Accessible
2007
6-1
The Dartmouth Public Libraries have been actively planning for improvements and expansion
over the past nine years. In 1999, a consultant was hired to access the inadequacies of the
North Dartmouth Branch facility. This study included meetings with the staff of each library,
surveys of users, and a professional evaluation of the quality of services and facilities. Issues
considered included: patron and staff safety, service delivery including adult and youth
programming and reference capacity, parking accessibility, storage capacity, and technology.
The new facility has been designed to accommodate the next twenty-years of growth and the
site has sufficient room to accommodate the long-term potential of building expansion.
A 10.3-acre site was purchased for this project on Cross Road; the property is adjacent to the
Potter School. However, in 2006 the Town Meeting failed to fund the construction of the new
library.
In addition to the new building effort, the Library Trustees and staff undertook a strategic
planning effort to assess the overall needs of
the library system for the period of 2007-2012.
Russell Mills Branch
Library staff conducted the effort that included a
community forum and compilation of relevant
data and trend identification. The Trustees
adopted this strategic plan in October 2005 and
activities are updated on an annual basis. The
document outlines five goals with thirteen
objectives ranging from improving the web site
to working with the schools and constructing a
new North Dartmouth Branch. The Library
Trustees are committed to maintaining the level
of services that exist at Southworth with an eye
toward access and convenience for all patrons.
With community input the Trustees are
preparing a plan for the role the historic
Russells Mills building can play in the system.
The community value of this structure is
recognized, yet its historic nature will limit the
type of activities that can take place and makes
renovations expensive. The Trustees are
currently reviewing a Russells Mills Library Capital Improvement Study prepared by
Dyer-Brown SouthCoast Architects. A Dartmouth Library Foundation has recently been
formed and uses the Russells Mills facility as its headquarters.
2007
6-3
6.3 Town Hall Facility
The current Town Hall facility at 400 Slocum
Road is adequate but not ample, for town
offices. As the Town grows and staffing
increases additional space may be needed to
adequately accommodate staff, records, and
equipment.
Dartmouth Town Hall
6.4 Public Works Facilities
The Town of Dartmouth Department of Public
Works maintains three buildings, three water treatment facilities, and one wastewater
treatment facility:
• 759 Russells Mills Road
o DPW Administration
o Water Pollution Control Division (wastewater treatment facility)
o Engineering Division
• 976 Russells Mills Road
o Solid Waste / Recycling Division
o Highway and Sanitation Division, Equipment
• 751/1040 Allen Street
o Water & Sewer Billing Office
• 687 Chase Road Water Treatment Plant
• 299 Chase Road Water treatment Plant
• Violetta Treatment Plant
The current space is quite limited and is not optimal for coordinating and managing
operations. For instance, the mechanic for the DPW is located at Allen Street while the
Highway equipment is at 976 Russells Mills Road. The garage facility is inadequate for
the current inventory and office space at both 759 and 976 Russells Mills is quite
cramped. The Department is currently reviewing space needs and considering
alternatives that would allow the Department to get the most out of the existing
structures.
6.5 Water System
In 2005-2006 the Water Division hired a firm to complete a study of the water supply
and distribution system for the Town and prepare projected needs through 2015. Using
historical use data and population projections derived from a review of different sources
(SRPEDD, MISER), the Town of Dartmouth Water Works System Master Plan Study
estimates the future demand for water use. This analysis takes into consideration
water use by different sectors (residential, commercial, industrial, and unaccounted for
or system loss) and the service area limits within Town. Today the water department
2007
6-4
services approximately 70% of the population; the other 30% is on private wells. The
Town has eleven gravel wells with three water treatment facilities. In addition, in order
to cover the peak water demands of summer, the Town has a connection to the New
Bedford water system.
The Table below taken from the Master Plan Study indicates that Dartmouth will be able
to meet the projected water demands for both the average day use and the peak
maximum day use through the existing and in-line local supplies (including the Pinelli
Wells to be added in 2006) and the existing New Bedford contract limit, assuming that
the service area remains the same. That is, if infill development occurs where lines are
already in existence, the system can accommodate such growth. Line extensions into
new service areas would diminish the amount of water available within the existing
service areas. The Board of Public Works supports limiting extensions to the existing
service area and a minor number of areas that can improve the system by providing
closed loops.
The Master Plan Study does, however, recommend that in the interest of redundancy
and to provide pricing flexibility, Dartmouth should explore a possible connection with
Fall River. The need for an outside water source makes the Town vulnerable with
regard to pricing, so another recommendation is to continue investigations of local
sources.
Table 6-3 Dartmouth Water Demands
Sources
Average Day Water Supply Adequacy
Total Local Sources*
New Bedford Connection
Average Day Demand
Maximum Day Water Supply Adequacy
Total Local Sources*
New Bedford Connection
Maximum Day Demand
2004
2010
(MGD) (MGD)
2015
(MGD)
3.27
2.00
3.06
3.77
2.00
3.37
3.77
2.00
3.52
4.88
2.00
5.14
5.74
2.00
6.23
5.74
2.00
6.51
*Assumes Pinelli wells added 2006.
The Town’s Water Enterprise account is used to fund a program of routine maintenance
and replacement of piping and storage facilities. The Master Plan Study outlines a
budget for a four-phased improvement program that would maintain the quality of the
system.
2007
6-6
6.6 Wastewater
Over 48% of Dartmouth residents and all of the major commercial areas are served by
the sewer system with the remaining areas relying on Individual Septic Disposal
Systems (ISDS). Map 9 indicates the location of the service area, the Wastewater
Treatment Facility, and the offshore piping to the release point. The Wastewater
Treatment Facility is nearing capacity. The facility is designed to accommodate the
treatment of 4.2 million galloons each day. The volume treated varies greatly ranging in
2006 from 2.3 galloons during dry periods to 3.3 galloons during rainy periods. When
the facility runs at 80% of capacity for 90 consecutive days, EPA regulations require the
community to become proactive in managing the remaining plant capacity. The Public
Works Board has been permitting sewer extensions in accordance with a 1988
Wastewater Management Plan. Areas identified in the plan have gradually been added
to the system. In addition, two high-density areas that experienced high failure rates of
ISDS were allowed to tie into the sewer system. It is estimated that infill projects within
the existing areas serviced by sewer could use the remaining capacity, and with
projects such as 40B and 40R developed at greater densities than present zoning, the
capacity may be used before all infill potential is developed. Any sewer extensions
beyond the existing service areas would likely trigger the need for expansion of the
treatment facility.
Choices must be made about the future of wastewater treatment. As the plant nears
capacity the following are possible responses:
o
o
o
o
Gain capacity by reducing infiltration of groundwater/rainwater,
Set up a moratorium on hook-ups,
Expand the wastewater treatment plant, and/or
Utilize package treatment plants and/or septic systems for new
development.
The DPW plans to apply for revolving loan funds to complete a Comprehensive
Wastewater Management Plan in order to establish an approach to wastewater
treatment for the development that will come over the next 20 years. It will take
$500,000 – $700,000 to complete this plan. This plan will address the issue of
expanding the treatment plant. This is a costly option and one no longer favored by
regulators, who are increasingly looking to return treated water to the general location
where it is withdrawn. Small package treatment plants are an approach that meet these
environmental objectives and can be more cost efficient. Also some areas of Dartmouth
are zoned for densities that are adequately serviced with ISDS. The Comprehensive
Wastewater Treatment Plan will be developed in accordance with the policies and
growth reflected in the Master Plan.
2007
6-7
6.7 Dartmouth Council On Aging
The Dartmouth Council on Aging “designs, promotes and implements services for
Dartmouth's elderly persons sixty years and older.” An eleven-member board appointed
for three-year overlapping terms by the Selectmen, governs the Council. The Council
on Aging (COA) is a multi-purpose center that provides diverse services for the
approximately 5,900 elders in the town. Programming includes: adult day-care for
approximately 30 persons per day (and a total of 65 persons for some portion of the
week), elderly nutrition programming with meals on wheels delivery, case management
services, van transportation to medical appointments and shopping, health screening
clinics, various clubs, and other assorted services such as tax assistance. The COA
provides health prevention activities including exercise and mediation classes, and
support groups for elders and family members coping with Parkinsons, Alzheimer’s,
bereavement, and low vision or hearing impairment.
Services are provided at the Council on Aging site at 628 Dartmouth Street and the
Norma Vaz Center at 11 Anderson Way. The main building was moved to its present
site in 1978 and has undergone several additions and remodelings to meet the
changing and expanding needs of the population served. The Adult Day Care program
uses a large portion of the building. Fees collected from those served covers all the
costs associated with the three person staff and other expenses related to this program.
There are three garages at the site all of which are inadequate for the vans the Council
owns. Vandalism has been a problem for this fleet. Consistent with an objective
identified in the adopted “Dartmouth Affordable Housing Strategy” the Council would, in
the future, like to add congregate housing on the site.
The Council has eight employees and five van drivers and an Out Reach worker that
are funded through grant monies. The Council also serves the community-at-large with
the following programs: Well Child Clinics, Computer Classes, Town Resident Photo
Identification Cards, Food Bank, Blood Bank Coordination and clothing for the needy.
The Council relies heavily on volunteers and to be effective, there is a need for
volunteer training, recruitment, and coordination. Presently over 150 volunteers are
active in the delivery of services. The strategic planning process will also identify future
needs related to the projected major increase in the elderly population that, like the rest
of the state and country, Dartmouth faces with the aging of the baby boom generation.
It is likely that the programming for this aging segment of the population will be modified
from existing services. In general, due to medical technology and lifestyle education
this group is expected to be healthy longer and remain fairly active later in life.
6.8 Police Department
The Police Department presently has 55 officers with 4 in training to be added to the
force. This figure puts the Town at an appropriate ratio given the total population of
30,666 and a national standard of 2 officers per 1,000 of population. Of course, as the
population increases, the number of officers required will increase. That is, to maintain
2007
6-9
a service level at the national standard, the community will need to budget additional
funds for officers as the Town grows. With additional officers comes the need for
additional equipment such as cruisers, and additional office space.
The Department has traditionally requested the replacement of 3-4 cruisers each year.
This size fleet represents 3 officers per vehicle, with an additional 5 detective vehicles.
The current renovation to the Station will take the Department forward for a number of
years, but within a 20-year time frame, there is an apparent need for a new station. The
police department would like the Town to consider an integrated Public Safety Complex
that combines the police, fire and EMS services within one building. This model
provides for better coordination among these services.
6.9 Emergency Management Services
Dartmouth operates with an unpaid Director of Emergency Management Services, and
a total department budget of $2,700. This function of town government has
experienced considerable expansion in the past five years as additional federal and
state level planning, reporting, and training requirements have been passed. In
addition to the traditional Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan, the EMS
Department is now also involved with Homeland Security, Pre-Disaster Mitigation, and
Pandemic Response Planning. The volunteer nature of the 3 fire districts, means that
additional paperwork, such as Tier 2 EPA reports, fall to the EMS department.
The department has a crew of 14 trained volunteers available to help in the case of an
emergency, and a limited inventory of equipment and vehicles. Fortunately, EMS
departments within the region work well together, sharing resources and responding to
calls for assistance.
6.10 Ambulance Services
Dartmouth ambulance services are provided through a private contractor. The current
provider is Stat Ambulance Service of New England, Inc. that has an annual contract of
$270,000 with over 5 years remaining on the contract. The Police Department is in
charge of dispatching the ambulance service. In 2005 a total of 3,333 runs were logged
by STAT that includes a fleet of 2 equipped ambulances and 1 paramedic truck that
responds but cannot transport. Changes in hospital policies and elderly living
arrangements have affected the ambulance runs. For instance, St. Luke’s now charges
patients $100 to accept ambulance patients, a fee that has resulted in declines of
transport, and some facilities such as Brandon Woods has its own ambulance service
for transport. It is logical to assume that the anticipated increase in the elderly
population will be accompanied by a higher demand for transport services.
One issue that came up during the review of these services is the difference in reporting
between the Police Department and the private contractor. Different protocols and the
2007
6 - 10
lack of follow-up means that records on calls and responses are inconsistent and
incomplete. There appears to be room for improvement in the monitoring of service
provision, including standards for record keeping measuring services against the
protocols established by the Office of Emergency Medical Services within the
Massachusetts Department of Public Health.
6.11 University of Massachusetts- Dartmouth
The University has recently completed a 20-year
facilities plan that suggests some changes within the
campus to improve and expand academic buildings,
but no additional dorms are planned. The current
total student population (including undergraduates,
continuing education programs, and graduate
programs) is estimated at around 8,000 and the
University anticipates increasing the total population
UMASS-Dartmouth
served to 10,000 by 2010. The facility plan addresses
on-campus issues of parking, improving pedestrian
connections, expanding academic space, and increasing student center space.
The University is interested in keeping open and clear lines of communication with the
community and in constantly finding new ways to share resources. The University tries
to be open to community use of its facilities. With regard to the University’s impacts on
the community, there is awareness about the traffic circulation, emergency calls and offcampus student activities. The University attempts to do all within its control to
minimize negative impacts and to work with the local law enforcement and other
departments on these issues. A concentrated effort is made by the University to
combat student drinking through education campaigns and increased on-campus
alternative activities. In many ways the University is limited in how much control it can
exert on off-campus activities undertaken by adults. With regard to traffic, the
University would like to explore potential new routes and re-alignments that would serve
to increase direct connections to the University while also relieving some of the traffic
impacts on local roads. Other concerns with the campus that were raised to the
committee during discussions with Town Departments include: calls to the Animal
Control Officer; lack of Fire Department oversight of hazardous materials; and traffic
generation.
6.12 Dartmouth Public Schools
The Dartmouth Public School system includes five (5) elementary schools, one (1)
middle school for grades 6, 7 & 8, and one high school. The Table below indicates
enrollment for each school as reported by the Massachusetts Department of Education
website for 2006.
2007
6 - 11
School
Elementary Schools
Cushman
Potter
Quinn
Gidley
DeMello
Middle School
High School
TOTAL
Enrollment
(2006)
202
454
623
254
399
1,048
1,315
4,295
Year Built/
Year Renovated
1922/1949
1955/1965
1967/2003
1922/1965& 1967
1955/1965
1956/1960; 1981 & 2003
2002
The School Department formed the Dartmouth Public Schools Planning & Growth
Committee in late 2004. This group has been meeting since December 2004. The
intent is to anticipate space needs rather than scrambling to have the needed
classrooms in place. This group has studied growth trends by looking at building permit
activity, subdivision activity, and the five-year projections prepared by the New England
School Development Council (NESDEC). All of this data indicates that the town will
continue to grow, and with this growth will come school children.
At this point in time the Committee is keeping an open mind to all creative options for
meeting space needs. Creating different configurations of school grades is one option
as is, “pocket re-districting” which places students from new developments where there
is space, rather than at their neighborhood school. The potential need for a new school
is being studied in detail; in particular as it appears that there is a lot of growth and
growth potential in the north end of town.
A draft report by this committee also points out that in addition to the demand for space
that comes from a growing student population, it needs to be recognized that new
standards and new programs make demands on space. In order for Dartmouth to meet
educational standards and provide desired programs, such as full-day kindergarten,
space must be expanded and reconfigured.
After conversations with the Select Board and the Finance Committee, a formal
committee was formed in September of 2006 and charged with reporting on the need
and feasibility of building a new school and/or renovating or expanding existing space to
meet school needs. It is estimated that the final report of this committee will not be
available until after the completion of the Master Plan.
6.13 Fire Districts
Dartmouth is unusual in having three independent Fire Districts with separate governing
boards, finance committees, tax rates and staffing procedures. District 1 elects the
2007
6 - 12
District Chief, while the governing boards of Districts 2 and 3 appoint the District Chief.
The Districts operate with call firefighters who respond from their place of work and
homes when called. The firefighters are compensated for their hours of work.
District One, which includes Padanaram, responded to 397 calls in 2005. The District
has 47 total members including 3 engineers and 2 dispatchers. District 2 covers the
low-density areas of southwest Dartmouth and includes 40 members including a Chief
and Deputy Chief. This District responded to 99 calls in 2005. This area has seen a
marked increase in the size of homes to be protected and includes large areas that
have no town water service. District 2 is interested in ways to protect new development
with either water tanks put in by subdivision developers or sprinkler systems in new
housing. District 3 covers the largest land area and the major business areas of the
Town (the Industrial Park is covered by New Bedford). In 2006 District 3 recorded 636
calls and this reflects a marked increase in the last 10 years. The District has 45
members and 9 pieces of apparatus.
Some of the major manpower challenges faced by the 3 districts include:
the availability of call firefighters (especially given the decrease in residents that
work in town),
the retention of call firefighters – especially important given the amount of training
and the cost of outfitting firefighters (can total as much as $4,500), and
need for affordable housing to keep the younger generation (which is the group
more likely to be call members) in Town.
The three districts have specific cultures and traditions but participate in mutual aid
agreements. Recently the Districts have taken steps toward coordination and uniformity,
although more can be done in this regard. One fee structure has been adopted and the
Districts are moving toward standardized inspection and code enforcement procedures.
All of the Districts have experienced an increase in demand for services, as well as, an
expansion of the types of services they are responsible to provide. Most have faced a
slowing of response time. The continued growth within the community will eventually
lead to major decisions about the adequacy of the call system, although a full-time fire
department would be very costly for the community. Most residents are unaware of the
Fire District/Call Firefighter system and the District Chiefs report that residents often
have demands that do not align with the call system, such as expecting the stations to
be open on a regular basis.
6.14 Harbors and Waterways
The seven member Waterways Commission was established in May of 2003 to oversee
and manage the harbor and all tidal waterways of Dartmouth. According to the
Harbormaster’s website, the Commission was charged with establishing policies and
rules
“to develop, administer, manage and regulate the tidal waterways and
related public facilities within the Town of Dartmouth, including, without
2007
6 - 13
limitation, all marine ramps, docks, wharves, piers and moorings, and the
Commission shall have all of the other powers and duties which are given
to waterways commissioners by general law.”
The Harbormaster carries out the policies and rules of the Commission and operates
under the direction of the Town Administrator. The Waterways Commission operates
an enterprise account where fees collected for boat moorings, waterways use, boat
ramp use and waiting list reservations, are used to maintain and improve public
waterways facilities and meet the equipment needs of the Harbormaster. The
Harbormaster’s Office is one full time year-round person, one fulltime seasonal
assistant, and part-time help added during the peak period of the summer months. The
total budget is $160,000 year of which $105,000 is for salaries.
The Harbormaster’s office administers 1,180 moorings in Dartmouth waters; provides
pump out services of 8 -12,000 gallons of wastewater; responds to approximately 12
calls per week ranging from distress to lost sailors to mechanical failures; polices any
problems among the 1,500 vessels regularly in Dartmouth waters, as well as, guest
vessels; and works with the Dartmouth Police and Shell Fishing/Natural Resources
office. The Harbormaster has 2 pump out boats, 2 patrol boats and a jet ski shared
with the Dartmouth Police Department. The Harbormaster presently rents office space,
so it is a goal to procure permanent office space at an appropriate location with good
water access.
The Harbormaster and the Commission have established goals in three major
categories:

Enhanced Public Access: Improve existing and Create New Opportunities
o Improve facilities by dredging, re-gridding and upgrading facilities
o Expand public access at new locations and through major changes
to existing areas
Ensure Safety and Enforce Regulations
o Standardize training and uniforms
o Improve Communication equipment and increase presence
Administration
o Pursue grant opportunities
o Update and maintain data bases
o Establish regular vehicle maintenance
The projected growth of Dartmouth, and surrounding areas, will increase the demand
for harbor and waterways facilities. The one public boat ramp facility is already
experiencing 24/7 activity. Increasing demands on the harbor and waterways will
require additional manpower and expanded facilities. There is interest in developing
additional launching areas, and perhaps developing one at the Rodgers Street area that
could be restricted to Dartmouth residents. This could ease the pressure on the existing
facility.
2007
6 - 14
SECTION 7
TRANSPORTATION AND CIRCULATION
Photo: Sandy Conaty
Section 7 Transportation and Circulation
The Town of Dartmouth has an extensive transportation system consisting of
over 300 miles of paved roadways. These roadways vary from six lane interstate
highways and four lane commercial corridors to winding two lane rural roads. As
with any town, some roadways are plagued with traffic congestion while others
are in need of better accommodations for all users, including bicyclists,
pedestrians and transit riders. Improvements to the transportation infrastructure
in the town are vital to meeting the needs of future and existing development. An
inventory of the existing transportation system in the town will help to identify
where these improvements are needed.
7.1 EXISTING INFRASTRUCTURE
Roadways
An evaluation of existing roadways in the Town of Dartmouth is vital to
determining the impacts of future growth on these roadways as well as the need
for additional roadways. According to the 2005 MassHighway Road Inventory
File, the town currently has approximately 222 miles of named roadways plus an
additional 79 miles of unnamed roadways including driveways, private roads and
cemetery roads. All of these roads are local roads that include residential
neighborhood streets and drives to local schools, etc.
There are also many functionally classified roads within the town, including
collector roads, minor arterials, principal arterials and interstate highways. Table
7-1 below shows the total miles of each classification in the town:
Table 7-1: Miles of Roads by Functional Class
Miles
% Of Total
144.65
48%
Collector
34.67
12%
Minor Arterial
33.16
11%
Principal Arterial
4.92
2%
Interstate
4.49
1%
79.37
26%
Local
Unclassified/Unnamed
Total Miles
301.26
Collector roads and minor arterials make up for the majority of roads not
designated as local roads. These roads typically connect local roads with each
other and act as connectors between different land uses. In Dartmouth,
important collector roads include Cross Road, Rock O’Dundee Road, Reed
Road, Lucy Little Road, Chase Road, Old Fall River Road, Hixville Road and
Allen Street. Important minor arterials include State Road (Route 6), Old
Westport Road, Faunce Corner Road, Russels Mills Road, Horseneck Road,
Section 7: Transportation and Circulation
2007
7-1
Tucker Road, Dartmouth Street, Slocum Road and Hathaway Road. Only two
roads in the town are considered to be principal arterials: State Road (Route 6)
east of Faunce Corner Road and Faunce Corner Mall Road from I-195 to State
Road. These two streets make up an important commercial corridor plagued
with heavy traffic. Interstate 195 is the only limited access highway in the town
and stretches for approximately 4.5 miles from Westport to New Bedford. Map 71 below illustrates functionally classified roadways in the town.
The functional classification of a roadway is an important determiner of funding
eligibility. All roadways classified above a rural minor collector are eligible for
federal funding for improvements. Local roads and rural minor collectors are not
and therefore towns must use local funds or Chapter 90 funds for improvements
to them.
Together, Interstate 195 and Route 6 (State Road) act as major east-west
corridors connecting the town with Westport and Fall River to the west and New
Bedford to the east. Interstate 195 is a limited access 6-lane freeway with two
partial cloverleaf interchanges in the town: one at Reed Road and one at Faunce
Corner Road. Route 6 is a four to five lane divided highway with numerous
median breaks to allow left turns and u-turns. There is no defining north-south
through corridor in the town as there is with Route 6, although Faunce Corner
Mall Road, Chase Road, Slocum Road and Tucker Road are important northsouth corridors. Faunce Corner Mall Road is a four lane divided highway with
median breaks to allow left turns. North of I-195 it becomes Faunce Corner
Road and merges into a two-lane road. Tucker Road is a two-lane bi-directional
roadway, as is Chase Road.
Traffic Volumes
Average daily traffic counts were obtained from SRPEDD for the Town of
Dartmouth. These counts were conducted between 1995 and 2006, and were
available for 50 locations. The counts are illustrated in Map 7-2 and summarized
in Table 7-2.
2007
7-2
Table 7-2: Average Daily Traffic Counts Summary 1995-2005
Street
Location
West of Slocum Rd
@ Westport line
Most Recent
ADT
6,500 (2002)
2,900 (2003)
Previous
ADT
5,700 (1999)
3,400 (2000)
Allen St
American Legion
Hw
Chase Rd
Cove Rd
Cove Rd
Cross Rd
Cross Rd
Cross Rd
Dartmouth St
Dartmouth St
Dartmouth St
Dartmouth St
Elm St
Faunce Corner Rd
Faunce Corner Rd
South of Old Westport Rd
At New Bedford line
East of Dartmouth St
North of Route 6
South of Route 6
W of Crossroads Way
North of Sol-e-mar St
South of Rockdale Ave
North of Rogers St
South of Rogers St
South of Bush St
North of Cross Rd
South of Hixville Rd
4,700 (1996)
4,600 (2006)
5,800 (2004)
8,300 (2001)
5,920 (2002)
9,400 (2006)
10,170 (1997)
13,000 (2004)
13,800 (2004)
13,600 (2004)
3,500 (2004)
31,800 (2000)
31,100 (2006)
Faunce Corner Rd
North of Route 6
20,300 (2006)
Faunce Corner Rd
North of I-195
13,300 (2006)
Faunce Corner Rd
Hathaway Rd
Hawthorn St
High Hill Rd
Hixville Rd
Hixville Rd
North Hixville Rd
New Wilbur Ave
Old Fall River Rd
Old Fall River Rd
Old Westport Rd
Old Westport Rd
Old Westport Rd
I-195
@ I-195 overpass
South of Slocum Rd
@ New Bedford line
@ Freetown line
West of Faunce Corner Rd
North of I-195
@ Fall River line
North of Route 6
West of Hixville Rd
@ New Bedford line
@ Westport line
South of Route 6
East of Cross Rd
@ New Bedford line
22,420 (1997)
9,360 (2002)
6,200 (2005)
1,440 (2001)
1,350 (2006)
1,500 (2004)
1,320 (2000)
1,100 (2003)
1,700 (2004)
4,530 (2004)
5,140 (2002)
11,870 (2002)
10,200 (2006)
71,500 (2004)
I-195
@ Westport line
53,600 (2004)
I-195
West of Hixville Rd
61,600 (2004)
Reed Rd
Reed Rd
Reed Rd
Rogers St
Rogers St
Russells Mills Rd
Russells Mills Rd
Slocum Rd
Slocum Rd
North of Route 6
@ Westport line
South of I-195
East of Dartmouth St
West of Dartmouth St
East of Tucker Rd
East of Rockland St
Btwn Route 6 & Hathaway Rd
South of Route 6
8,340 (1998)
2,240 (2001)
8,900 (2002)
3,400 (2004)
4,400 (2004)
6,200 (2000)
5,000 (1999)
5,960 (1999)
17,200 (2006)
--5,210 (2004)
--5,700 (1996)
------------4,100 (2002)
--26,600
(2000)
20,300
(2000)
12,900
(2002)
----6,600 (2003)
1,320 (2000)
1,430 (2004)
1,600 (1998)
--1,100 (2000)
1,400 (1998)
------7,000 (1996)
51,500
(1998)
45,400
(1998)
60,400
(2003)
----6,900 (1999)
------4,600 (1996)
--22,300
Annual
Growth
4.5%
-5.2%
-6.0%
7.8%
-7.6%
2.6%
0.0%
0.8%
-3.1%
9.1%
-2.8%
-1.1%
0.0%
3.3%
3.8%
5.6%
2.8%
2.0%
8.9%
2.8%
-2.6%
2007
7-5
14,400 (2004)
State Rd
Between Route 177 & Reed
St
@ New Bedford line
State Rd
West of Faunce Corner Rd
17,700 (1998)
State Rd
Btwn Cross Rd & Faunce
Corner
East of Downie St
West of Leonard Ave
South of Allen St
South of Eddy St
21,400 (2004)
State Rd
State Rd EB
State Rd EB
Tucker Rd
Tucker Rd
21,400 (2004)
14,180 (2002)
12,770 (2002)
9,400 (2004)
7,600 (1996)
(1996)
13,500
(2001)
20,900
(2002)
20,000
(1996)
18,900
(2001)
----7,000 (1999)
---
2.2%
1.2%
-5.9%
4.2%
6.1%
Volumes that have increased are shown in bold in the table above, while those
where traffic volumes have decreased are shown in red. Other locations do not
have previous counts or have the same Average Daily Traffic. Increases in
Average Daily Traffic have taken place along much of Route 6, Faunce Corner
Road, Cross Road, Tucker Road, Old Westport Road and I-195. All of these
roads provide access to the office, medical and retail developments along Route
6 and Faunce Corner Road.
Numerous turning movement counts have also been conducted by SRPEDD at
various locations throughout the town. Data from these counts is used to
calculate the level of service of an intersection (LOS), the average delay per
vehicle in seconds (PM Delay) and peak hour traffic volumes. Level of service is
an A to F rating of the efficiency of traffic flow through the intersection. Table 7-3
below summarizes this data for the 15 signalized intersections in the town.
Route 6 at Faunce Corner Road
2007
7-6
Table 7-3: Intersection Volumes/Level of Service
Intersection
Control*
Allen St. / Slocum Rd.
FAC Sig
Cross Rd. / WalMart Ent.-Exit / Toys R Us Ent.-Exit
Sig
Dartmouth St. / Cove Rd. / Garfield St.
SAC Sig
Dartmouth St. / Rogers St.
FAC Sig
Faunce Corner Rd. / Ann & Hope Dr. (Lowes)
FAC Sig
Faunce Corner Rd. / Cross Rd. / Faunce Corner
Crossing Driveway
FAC Sig
Faunce Corner Rd. / Mall (Pier 1) / Best Buy
FAC Sig
Faunce Corner Rd./Old Fall River Rd.
4way Stop
Faunce Corner Rd./I-195 EB Right Turn
Yield
Faunce Corner Rd/I-195 EB Left Turn
Stop
Faunce Corner Rd/I-195 WB Loop Ramp
Yield
State Rd (Rte 6) / Brandt Ave. / Dartmouth Town
Center (Home Depot)
FAC Sig
State Rd (Rte 6) / Cross Rd.
FAC Sig
State Rd (Rte 6) / Dartmouth Mall Drive / Outback
FAC Sig
State Rd (Rte 6) / Faunce Corner Rd. / Old Westport
Rd.
FAC Sig
State Rd (Rte 6) / Reed Rd.
FAC Sig
State Rd (Rte 6) / Slocum Rd.
FAC Sig
State Rd (Rte 6) / Summit Ave. / Jughandle
AUTO Sig
State Rd (Rte 6) / Tucker Rd. / Champion Terrace
Sig
*FAC=Fully Actuated Signal, SAC=Semi-Actuated Signal
**LOS no longer valid since intersection was redesigned.
Year
2003
2003
2003
2003
2003
PM Peak
Volume
1,664
1,341
1,617
1,483
2,544
2006
2003
2006
2006
2006
2006
3,712
2,954
914
3,647
3,257
2,807
51.5
41.3
14.9
1,310.5
270.2
212.8
D
D
B
F
F
F
1995
1999
1995
1,870
2,107
2,094
12.1
11.9
9.9
B
B
B
2006
1999
1995
1995
1995
4,915
1,832
2,808
1,683
3,235
58.3
14.3
120
6.4
11.8
E
B
F**
B
B
Pm Delay LOS
13.3
B
10.5
B
14.5
B
15.1
B
6.2
A
As is evident from Table 7-3, two intersections, Faunce Corner Road/Dartmouth
Mall/Best Buy and Faunce Corner Road/Route 6/Old Westport Road, as well as
the I-195 interchange with Faunce Corner Road experience significant delay.
Faunce Corner Road at Route 6 operates at level of service E, Faunce Corner
Road at the Dartmouth Mall operates at level of service D and the I-195 offramps all operate at level of service F. Route 6 at Slocum Road used to operate
at level F until the intersection was redesigned to improve capacity and
efficiency.
Roadway Congestion
Several roads within the town experience congestion on a daily basis. Given that
the majority of this congestion revolves around retail destinations, it is often
worse during the busy holiday shopping season. The following locations were
identified as congested according to the 2006 SMMPO Regional Transportation
Plan:
2007
7-7
•
Route 6 (Hathaway Road to Faunce Corner Mall Road)
•
Faunce Corner Road (Route 6 to Old Fall River Road)
Both of these roadways experience severe holiday season congestion that can
result in the queuing of cars from one intersection through another. This is often
the case along Route 6 between Tucker Road and Faunce Corner Road, and
south of I-195 on Faunce Corner Road. The relative proximity between traffic
signals on these stretches of roadways is a major contributor to the congestion.
The two most congested signalized intersections in the town both exist within
these stretches as well, at Faunce Corner Road/Mall/Best Buy and Faunce
Corner Road/Route 6. Additionally, the Faunce Corner Road/Interstate 195
interchange experiences significant delay with southbound traffic often queuing
up onto 195 during the holiday season. Traffic volumes have increased
dramatically at the interchange since 1985, with some off ramps seeing annual
increases as high as 19%. A new ramp as well as widening of the bridge over
195 is programmed in the 2010 Southeastern Massachusetts TIP, with an interim
traffic signal to be introduced in 2007.
Roadway Safety
Information regarding vehicle crashes and overall safety were obtained for
roadways and intersections in the town. The basis for all of this information is
vehicle accident reports obtained from the Town Police Department. This data is
then converted into various indices that illustrate crash rates for either
intersections or stretches of roadway. These different rates for measuring safety
include Accidents per Million Entering Vehicles (ACC/MEV), Accidents per Million
Vehicle Miles (ACC/MVM) and the Equivalent Property Damage Only Index
(EPDO).
The most accurate portrayal of intersection crashes is the EPDO index as it takes
into account property damage and related injuries to persons involved. This
index is used every three years to generate the 100 Most Dangerous
Intersections in Southeastern Massachusetts, a document published by
SRPEDD. An EPDO index at or above 20.0 is considered to be unacceptable.
In Dartmouth, there are three intersections on the 2006 Top 100 list, all located
along the Route 6 corridor. These intersections include: Route 6/Brandt Avenue,
Route 6/Faunce Corner Mall Road/Old Westport Road and Route 6/Hathaway
Road. Several suggestions for improvements to these intersections have been
presented by SRPEDD in the past. For Brandt Avenue, a separate left turn lane
from Route 6 onto Brandt Ave is recommended and at Hathaway Road, a signal
along with the relocation of part of Tucker Road to meet with Hathaway is
recommended. For Faunce Corner Road, overall congestion mitigation
techniques as well as the elimination of turning conflicts is recommended.
2007
7-8
Other intersections in the town also have higher than acceptable ACC/MEV while
several roadways have unacceptable ACC/MVM. Additionally, one of the town’s
highway interchanges has a high number of overall crashes. Acceptable
ACC/MEV rates are defined as those that fall below the statewide average of
0.84 for signalized intersections and 0.59 for unsignalized intersections.
Acceptable ACC/MVM rates, based on experience nationwide, are typically those
that fall below 2.50. Table 7-4 below shows all the intersections in the town that
exceed acceptable safety thresholds.
Table 7-4: Dangerous Intersections in Dartmouth 2002-2004
Location
Signal?
ACC/MEV
EPDO
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Total
Crashes
20
34
22
34
Allen St @ Slocum Rd
Route 6 @ Brandt Ave/Home Depot
Route 6 @ Cross Rd
Route 6 @ Faunce Corner Rd/Old
Westport Rd
Route 6 @ Hathaway Rd
Route 6 @ Shaw’s
Route 6 @ Wilbur Ave
I-195 @ Faunce Corner Rd
1.40
1.20
0.85
0.64
14.7
30.0
19.3
29.0
No
Yes
No
No
33
27
21
116
0.73
0.78
0.80
NA
27.0
19.7
17.7
NA
In addition to these intersections, the Route 6 corridor in the town exceeds the
ACC/MVM safe threshold, with a rate of 2.92 and 398 total crashes.
Map 7-3 illustrates all the dangerous locations in Dartmouth with higher than
acceptable crash rates based on the above indices.
An additional intersection in the town that has become a safety problem is the
Route 6, Route 177 and Beeden Road intersection. Although this intersection
does not exceed any crash-rate thresholds, it has a history of severe and fatal
crashes that make it worth noting. From 1999 to 2001, there were 11 crashes at
this intersection and from 2002 to 2004 there were 7 crashes at the intersection.
With the potential development of the Lincoln Park property into housing and
retail, traffic increases in this area could easily make crashes more prevalent at
this intersection.
Pavement Conditions
Roadway surface conditions are important to inventory in order to prioritize
reconstruction and resurfacing projects in municipalities. SRPEDD conducts
pavement management inventories on an annual basis for selected roadways in
Southeastern Massachusetts. Pavement conditions are recorded and then
compiled into the “Road Surface Management System” software to analyze the
data. A pavement management
2007
7-9
Map 7-3: Dangerous Locations in Dartmouth 2002-2004
report is then produced that summarizes road conditions, repairs necessary and
a list of roads that need repair.
Distress types that are rated using this system include longitudinal/transverse
cracking, alligator cracking, patching/potholes, edge cracking, roughness, rutting
and drainage. These distresses occur on paved roadways and are rated by the
extent of the roadway that they cover and their overall severity.
Federal-aid eligible roadways in the town can be resurfaced or reconstructed
using federal funding. Local roads and rural minor collectors must use local
funds or State Aid Chapter 90 funds. The pavement management report helps
2007
7-10
the town to prioritize projects in order to seek federal funds or utilize Chapter 90
funds apportioned to them.
The Pavement Management inventory completed by SRPEDD for 2006 revealed
several roadways in need of either rehabilitation or complete reconstruction.
Table 7-5 below summarizes these roadways. All other roadways in the town
inventoried were in favorable condition.
Table 7-5: Roadways in Need of Rehabilitation/Reconstruction
Roadway
Bakerville Road
Old Westport Road
Dartmouth Street
Faunce Corner Road
Gulf Road
Hawthorn Street
Old Fall River Road
Total
Functional Class
Urban Minor Arterial
Urban Collector
Need
Reconstruction
Reconstruction
Rehabilitation
Rehabilitation
Rehabilitation
Rehabilitation
Rehabilitation
Length (miles)
0.29
1.56
0.67
1.36
0.37
0.58
1.79
6.62
Bridges
The Town of Dartmouth contains 16 bridges, including roadway bridges and
railroad bridges. 12 of these bridges are over bodies of water, one of which is a
rail bridge over water. The remaining four are on the Interstate 195 corridor, with
two bridges over 195 and the other two being 195 bridges over other roadways.
Table 7-6 summarizes the town’s bridges:
Table 7-6: Bridges in Dartmouth
Above
Old Fall River Road
Hixville Road
Fall River Branch Railroad
Interstate 195
Interstate 195
Interstate 195
Hixville Road
Faunce Corner Road
Interstate 195
Reed Road
Route 6 (State Road)
Rock O’Dundee Road
Russells Mills Road
Gulf Road
Gulf Road (Pandaran)
Little River Road
Below
Copicut River
Copicut River
Paskamansett River
Highland Ave
Reed Road
Lake Noquochoke
Interstate 195
Interstate 195
Paskamansett River
Lake Noquochoke
Paskamansett River
Slocum River
Paskamansett River
Apponagansett River
Apponagansett Bay
Little River
2007
7-11
Bridge maintenance has typically proved to be a difficult task for states and
municipalities to undertake, due to the high costs associated with rehabilitating
and reconstructing them. The result has been a continuous number of bridges
becoming either structurally deficient or functionally obsolete. A structurally
deficient bridge is one that fails to meet standards for decking, pavement or
supporting structure. A functionally obsolete bridge is one that cannot
accommodate the amount and type of traffic that is in use on that particular
bridge, including inadequate clearance or a change in road layout or engineering
standards.
The Town of Dartmouth contains two structurally deficient bridges and one
functionally obsolete bridge. The Gulf Road bridge over the Apponagansett
River and the Faunce Corner Road bridge over Interstate 195 are both deemed
structurally deficient. The Gulf Road bridge is currently at 75% design and will be
replaced at an estimated cost of $1.2 million using FHWA Off-systems bridge
funds. The Faunce Corner Road bridge is currently awaiting action by
MassHighway.
The only functionally obsolete bridge in the town is the Russells Mills Road
bridge over the Paskamansett River. MassHighway has currently been focusing
on fixing structurally deficient bridges first, so no action will be taken on this
bridge at this time.
Railroads
There is a railroad line in the town, known as the Dartmouth Industrial Line. This
single-track line runs for approximately 4.5 miles north of I-195 from the New
Bedford line to the Westport line. The line is a Class I freight line with maximum
speeds of 10 mph. CSX currently owns the right-of-way and operates freight
trains along it.
The Dartmouth Industrial Line has five roadway crossings in the town, four of
which are at-grade crossings. At-grade crossings exist at Faunce Corner Road,
Hixville Road, Reed Road and Old Reed Road. The rail line crosses Highland
2007
7-12
Avenue at the Westport line below-grade. In addition to the five roadway
crossings, the rail line crosses both the Paskamansett River and the Shingle
Island River.
Internal Circulation of Developments on Route 6
An internal network of connecting roadways within private developments exists
north of Route 6 between Faunce Corner Road and Cross Road. These roads
connect the North Dartmouth Mall with various shopping plazas, including a
plaza anchored by Circuit City/Barnes & Noble, a BJ’s/Home Depot plaza, a Toys
R US/AC Moore plaza and a Walmart plaza. Together this network of roads has
8 outlets/inlets, 1 additional outlet and 2 additional inlets. There are traffic
signals at 5 of the outlets/inlets: 1 along Faunce Corner Road, 3 along Route 6
and 1 at Cross Road. Together, these roadways allow people to travel from
Faunce Corner Road to Walmart without ever using Route 6. Map 9-4 below
illustrates the lane layout of these roadways from Faunce Corner Road to the
Walmart plaza.
Map 9-4: Internal circulation network in Route 6 developments
The use of these roadways for travel between developments has the potential to
reduce congestion on Route 6. However, the lack of signage directing motorists
to other stores often forces people to get back out onto the main road to get to
adjacent destinations. Issues of traffic controls such as stop signs on private
2007
7-13
property along with site distance and speeding issues have made these
roadways undesirable to some officials.
Additionally, the lack of good pedestrian connections between developments
makes it difficult for people to park once and walk to neighboring stores.
Internal circulation road north side of Route 6
Environmental concerns
Transportation systems, primarily roadways, can have tremendous effects on the
environments surrounding them. The most critical issue affecting the
environment from roadways is runoff, especially in areas located near bodies of
water or in watersheds. Improper drainage structures can lead to increased
runoff and therefore increased levels of vehicular and roadway waste into
environmentally sensitive areas. It is therefore important to inventory these
drainage structures in and around areas where the surrounding environment is
critical.
The Geographic Roadway Runoff Inventory Program (GRRIP), a program
undertaken by SRPEDD, state, federal, local and non-profit organizations,
provides an analysis of roadway drainage facilities located near environmentally
sensitive areas along federal aid eligible roads. In the Town of Dartmouth, a
number of sites where runoff may be affecting surrounding bodies of water were
identified in GRRIP I. Table 7-7 below summarizes these locations and the
major issues involved with them:
2007
7-14
Table 7-7: GRRIP Locations in Dartmouth
Roadway
Russells Mills Road
Horseneck Road Boat Landing
Waterbody
Paskamansett River
Paskamansett River
Horseneck Road
Paskamansett River
Russells Mills Road/Cushman
Ln
Russells Mills/Cushman
Drainage Pipe
Route 6/Smith Mill Motors
Apponogansett Bay
Issues
Direct discharge into wetlands
Direct discharge into
wetlands/water
Direct discharge into
wetlands/water
Poor condition of storm drain
Apponogansett Bay
Poor condition of storm drain
Paskamansett River
Paskamansett River
Direct discharge into river,
debris
Direct discharge into river
Paskamansett River
Discharge into area
Lake Noquochoke
Lake Noquochoke
Direct runoff into lake
Discharge into lake
Outfall Pipe
Drinking Supply Area
Reed Road
Reed Road Drainage Pipe
The Route 6/Smith Mill Motors area discharge has since been cleaned up and
made into a park, mitigating the effects of discharge into the Paskamansett.
Other improvements may have taken place in other areas as well. All of these
discharge sites will be revisited in 2006 or 2007 under GRRIP V.
Other issues with poor drainage on roadways are safety concerns that they may
bring about. Poor drainage and subsequent ponding of water on roadways can
lead to a higher instance of vehicle crashes during bad weather.
7.2 ALTERNATIVE TRANSPORTATION MODES
Bicycle Accommodations
Currently there are no bicycle facilities in the Town of Dartmouth. Although some
roadways have been designated in the past as bike routes, they are not clearly
marked or maintained as such. Ideally, a network of Class I (separate bike path)
and Class II (bike lanes on a roadway) bikeways should exist to connect major
bicycle destinations with residential areas, as well as with planned and existing
bikeways in neighboring cities and towns.
Planning for a South Coast Bikeway has been under way for some time now and
has been recommended by SRPEDD and the SMMPO in their Regional
Transportation Plan. When completed, bicyclists will be able to travel from
Rhode Island to Cape Cod using both Class I and Class II bikeways. Currently
there are planned and existing bikeways in several communities. Bike lanes
2007
7-15
exist throughout Swansea from Rhode Island to Somerset. Fall River is
constructing Phase I of the Quequechan River Trail, which would eventually
connect from the new Brightman Street Bridge (under construction with bike
lanes) to Westport. New Bedford has a Class I bike path around the southern
peninsula and there are plans to add bike lanes along the new JFK Highway and
Acushnet Avenue. Fairhaven has the Phoenix Trail, a Class I bike path from
from the Mattapoisett town line. Mattapoisett is currently designing a Class I bike
path to connect to the Phoenix Trail in Fairhaven, and Marion is planning a trail to
connect from Mattapoisett to Washburn Park. Finally, Wareham has begun
planning for a Class I bikeway from Marion to Bourne using railroad corridors. If
a South Coast bikeway were to finally be realized in the future, a route through
the Town of Dartmouth would be essential. The following map displays the
potential South Coast bikeway:
Map 7-5: South Coast Bikeway
Railroad right-of-ways and roadways with wide shoulders and outside lanes
present the best options for both on and off-road bikeway development.
Abandoned and even active railroad beds can easily be converted into Class I
bicycle paths while wide roadways can easily accommodate the striping of
2007
7-16
bicycle lanes. Right-of-ways and roadways that meet these criteria and also
connect residential areas with different destinations (such as schools,
commercial districts, etc.) serve as even better options. The following map
Map 7-6: Bicycle Accommodations/Demand
2007
7-17
displays combined outside lane/shoulder widths for roadways, railroad corridors,
land uses and important destinations in the town:
Several roadways in the town that lead to popular destinations are not conducive
to bicycling due to inadequate widths, high traffic volumes or numerous curbcuts. These roadways should be carefully looked at to supplement Class I and II
bikeways, if constructed, through the town. Future improvements to these roads
should include the accommodation of bicyclists. Table 7-8 below summarizes
roadways in the town that currently are not meeting the needs of bicyclists:
Table 7-8: Roadways in need of bicycling improvements
Roadway
Horseneck Road (Slades
Corner to Barneys Joy Rd)
Tucker Road (Route 6 to
Fairway Dr)
Faunce Corner Road (South of
195)
Route 6
Smith Neck Road (south of
Rock O’Dundee
Old Westport Road (Lucy Little
to Sharon Ave)
Conflict
Inadequate width
Inadequate width, high ADT
Destinations
Town landing, Lloyd State
Park
Residential, school
Retail
Inadequate width, high ADT,
numerous curb-cuts
Inadequate width
Retail
UMASS, retail on Route 6
School, town beach
Identifying the locations of crashes involving bicycles is a good indicator of
locations where bicycling accommodations may not be adequate enough. From
2002 to 2004, there were three crashes involving bicyclists in Dartmouth at the
following locations:
¾ State Road (Route 6 Westbound just east of Cross Road)
¾ Dartmouth Street (between Kirby Street and Walter Street)
¾ Bakerville Road (north of Rock O’Dundee Road)
All three crashes were sideswipe crashes in which motor vehicles hit bicyclists
traveling in the same direction. This can be interpreted as an indication that
there is either inadequate shoulder width for safe bicycle travel or high motor
vehicle speeds at these locations.
Pedestrian Accommodations
Pedestrian facilities in Dartmouth primarily exist in the form of sidewalks,
crosswalks and pedestrian actuated signals. The majority of these facilities exist
in two main areas: South Dartmouth near the New Bedford line and the Route 6/
2007
7-18
Faunce Corner Rd/UMASS Dartmouth commercial corridor. In these general
areas sidewalks tend to exist along at least one side of the roadway and
pedestrian signals at busy intersections are typically present. Map 7-7 on page
21 displays roads in the town that have sidewalks along at least one side of the
roadway in blue.
Within the Dartmouth Mall internal access roads, raised pedestrian crosswalks
and pathways allow pedestrians to safely navigate parking lots and roadways.
According to the 2000 census, 265 people walked to work in Dartmouth,
accounting for 1.9% of total trips to work in the town. This number exactly
matches the average for Southeastern Massachusetts’ other communities.
Roadways without sidewalks along with roads that experience pedestrian
crashes are typically viewed as problems for pedestrian accommodation. When
these same roads are within walking distance of major pedestrian trip generators,
such as schools, elderly facilities, medical facilities, transit routes and hubs and
major retail centers, the importance of accommodating pedestrian travel
becomes even more important. In the Town of Dartmouth there are several
roadways that, because of the reasons mentioned above, should be seriously
looked at to better accommodate pedestrians. Table 7-9 below summarizes
these locations.
Table 7-9: Pedestrian Priorities in Dartmouth
Roadway Stretch
Slocum Rd (Hawthorn St to Stratford Dr,
Hathaway Rd to Route 6)
Hixville Rd (Village Dr to Faunce Corner Rd)
Route 6 (Walbrook St to Reed Rd)
Allen St (Plain St to New Bedford line)
Rockland St (Williams St to Memorial Ave)
Old Westport Rd (Sharon Dr to UMASS)
Route 6 Developments Internal Circulation (N.
Dartmouth Mall and Walmart)
Elm Street (South of Cottage St)
Map 7-7 on the following page displays all roadways in the town that are within ½
mile of at least two pedestrian destinations. Although this selection includes all
roadways, including limited access freeways and private roads, it is the arterials
and collectors that should be focused upon the most.
2007
7-19
A key to planning for pedestrian improvements in an area is to look at crash data
to analyze where these crashes are occurring and if they are occurring due to the
lack of pedestrian accommodations.
There were three crashes involving pedestrians from 2002 to 2004
¾ 635 State Road (Route 6 between Georgia and Maine)
¾ 29 Faunce Corner Mall Road (Dartmouth Mall Entrance)
¾ 28 Bush Street (between Middle and Elm)
All three crashes involved pedestrians crossing the street and being struck by an
opposing vehicle. Sidewalks are present along Faunce Corner Mall Road and
Bush Street but not along this stretch of Route 6. The Route 6 and Bush Street
crashes were both at mid-block locations while the Faunce Corner Mall Road
crash was at a signalized intersection.
Transit
The Southeastern Regional Transit Authority (SRTA) operates fixed route and
paratransit service in the south coast region, including within the Town of
Dartmouth. SRTA currently operates four fixed routes in the town, the 3, 9, 9
deviation and the 10. The 3 connects South Dartmouth with downtown New
Bedford via Dartmouth Street. The 9 runs from downtown New Bedford to Fall
River and operates along Route 6 through Dartmouth. The 9 deviation runs as
part of the nine but detours up Faunce Corner Road and down Cross Road to
connect to UMASS Dartmouth. The 10 connects downtown New Bedford with
Faunce Corner Road and the North Dartmouth Mall via Route 6 and Cross Road.
Table 7-10 below summarizes headways (in minutes) and operating hours on the
fixed transit routes serving Dartmouth. Map 7-8 illustrates these routes.
Table 7-10: SRTA Route Headways and Operating Hours
Route
3-Dartmouth Street
9-New Bedford-Fall
River
10-Dartmouth Mall
Monday to Friday
Headway
Operating Hours
30
60
6:40am-5:40pm
6:10am-7:00pm
45
60
Saturday
Operating
Hours
7:40am-5:00pm
8:00am-7:00pm
60
8:30am-6:10pm
60
9:30am-6:10pm
Headway
2007
7-21
Ridership statistics were generated for SRTA routes in 2004 using a farebox
analysis performed by SRPEDD. Statistics for the three routes through the town
are summarized in Table 7-11 below:
Table 7-11: SRTA Estimated Ridership 2004
Route
Average Weekday
Passengers
152
529
Revenue Hours*
Passengers/Revenue
Hour
10.1
20.4
3- South Dartmouth
15
9-New Bedford-Fall
26
River
10-Dartmouth Mall
256
10
25.6
*Revenue hours give the total amount of time per day that a bus is operating with a fare to board.
As is evident from the table above, both the Dartmouth Mall route and the New
Bedford to Fall River route experience significant ridership, both with a
passengers/revenue hour rate over 20.
Given the retail nature of many jobs in Dartmouth, the operating hours of SRTA
do not readily accommodate those that work early morning or evening/nighttime
shifts. The lack of service on Sundays, a major shopping day, also further
frustrates resident’s abilities to use transit for utilitarian and work trips.
In addition to the fixed route service shown above, SRTA runs demand-response
paratransit service to eligible individuals anywhere in its service area. This
service area includes the entire town of Dartmouth.
Traditionally, development patterns in the town have made public transportation
a less viable option given the lower density automobile oriented forms they have
taken. Increases in transit ridership are likely within the town, however, given the
major increases in fuel costs coupled with both population and employment
increases in areas already served by fixed route transit. According to
socioeconomic projections through the year 2030 provided by SRPEDD,
employment in census block groups with fixed route service is supposed to
increase by an average of 32%, while population in those same block groups is
supposed to increase by 43%. In block groups without fixed route service,
employment is expected to grow by 19%, while population is expected to grow by
44%- a figure only slightly higher than that of the fixed transit service block
groups. These similar/larger increases in areas currently served by fixed route
transit will allow for more people to use public transportation as a viable
commuting source.
2007
7-23
Commuter Rail Extension to New Bedford/Fall River
There has been a proposal for years to extend Boston commuter rail service
south to Taunton, Fall River and New Bedford from the existing Stoughton line. If
this extension were to come to fruition, it could have a major impact on journey to
work statistics in Dartmouth, as commuting to points north would become much
more feasible.
The majority of people who would utilize commuter rail from Dartmouth would be
those that worked in the immediate Boston area, given the accessible transit
options in that area. A small number of people would likely commute to Taunton,
Raynham and Route 128 as well, given the high number of jobs in those areas.
The number of people commuting to these areas has already shown an increase
since 1990. 516 people (3.7% of total trips) commuted to Boston from Dartmouth
in 2000, an increase from 320 in 1990. 419 people (3.0% of total trips)
commuted to Taunton or Raynham in 2000, an increase from 129 in 1990. It is
likely that with the implementation of commuter rail in New Bedford and Fall
River, a significant number of these existing trips would make a modal switch
from car or commuter bus to commuter rail.
Residents using commuter rail from the town would most likely board at either
New Bedford, Fall River, or Freetown, with the majority likely to board at New
Bedford given its proximity. According to the FEIR for the commuter rail
extension (2002), the number of daily boardings in 2010 is estimated to be 560 in
New Bedford, 610 in Fall River and 420 in Freetown. In total, it is estimated that
2,950 new transit trips would arise if commuter rail were extended from
Stoughton. Some of these trips would likely be Dartmouth residents.
7.3 JOURNEY TO WORK
As a part of every census, information regarding means of travel to work is
compiled for communities. Journey to work data for the Town of Dartmouth from
the 2000 census and the 1990 census was obtained from SRPEDD. Table 7 -12
summarizes the amount of people commuting into and out of Dartmouth in both
1990 and 2000.
2007
7-24
Table 7-12: Journey to Work Into/Out of Dartmouth
To/From:
Acushnet
Attleboro
Berkley
Carver
Dartmouth
Dighton
Fairhaven
Fall River
Freetown
Lakeville
Mansfield
Marion
Mattapoisett
Middleborough
New Bedford
North Attleboro
Norton
Plainville
Raynham
Rehoboth
Rochester
Seekonk
Somerset
Swansea
Taunton
Wareham
Westport
Boston
Bristol County NEC
Plymouth County NEC
Cape Cod
Massachusetts NEC
Rhode Island
Total
Outbound From Dartmouth
1990
%
2000
0.8
98
176
0.2
30
134
0.0
0
6
0.1
7
0
30.7
3,811
3,550
2.1
6
41
2.1
255
614
5.5
683
1,279
0.2
28
55
0.3
40
30
0.2
28
46
0.4
51
104
0.5
61
63
0.3
37
15
40.0
4,970
4,328
0.0
0
57
0.1
13
76
0.2
22
0
0.2
26
95
0.1
16
0
0.2
23
44
0.2
24
106
0.7
92
90
0.6
73
114
0.8
103
324
1.1
139
84
1.4
174
278
2.6
320
516
0.1
9
110
3.2
395
346
1.1
137
144
1.9
239
458
4.1
513
697
12,423
13,987
%
1.3
1.0
0.0
0.0
25.4
0.3
4.4
9.1
0.4
0.2
0.3
0.7
0.5
0.1
30.9
0.4
0.5
0.0
0.7
0.0
0.3
0.8
0.6
0.8
2.3
0.6
2.0
3.7
0.8
2.5
1.0
3.3
5.0
Inbound to Dartmouth
1990
%
2000
2.3
243
307
0.1
8
147
0.1
10
11
0.0
0
0
36.6
3,811
3,550
0.3
35
63
4.6
477
569
5.5
570
997
1.5
152
205
0.5
55
98
0.0
0
21
0.9
94
118
1.8
183
167
0.2
16
8
29.8
3,104
3,761
0.0
0
60
0.1
10
95
0.0
0
0
0.1
15
48
0.2
23
15
0.5
56
111
0.3
29
62
0.9
96
217
0.5
50
110
0.3
31
185
0.9
90
67
4.4
461
478
0.6
66
113
0.0
0
55
0.8
80
184
0.7
68
98
1.3
139
219
4.2
442
720
10,414
12,859
%
2.4
1.1
0.1
0.0
27.6
0.5
4.4
7.8
1.6
0.8
0.2
0.9
1.3
0.1
29.2
0.5
0.7
0.0
0.4
0.1
0.9
0.5
1.7
0.9
1.4
0.5
3.7
0.9
0.4
1.4
0.8
1.7
5.6
Both the number of commuters entering Dartmouth for work and the number
exiting has increased from 1990 to 2000. Outbound commuters have increased
by 12.6% to 13,987 while inbound commuters have increased by 23.5% to
12,859. The majority of people commuting into and out of Dartmouth either live
in the town or in New Bedford, although this percentage has decreased since
1990 due to the willingness of people to commute longer distances. In 1990,
70.7% of outbound commuters and 66.4% of inbound commuters lived in either
Dartmouth or New Bedford. In 2000, 56.3% of outbound commuters and 56.8%
of inbound commuters lived in either Dartmouth or New Bedford. Commuting
between nearby Fall River and Dartmouth, however, has nearly doubled since
1990.
2007
7-25
Since there is no fixed guideway transit service or bikeways in Dartmouth,
roadways are the only means of travel into and out of the town. Interstate 195
and Route 6 are the primary commuting corridors, with the majority of commuters
either coming from or ending up in communities with access to these major
corridors. In total, 81% of outbound commuters and 84% of inbound commuters
accounted for these trips in 2000.
Census journey to work data also provides the mode by which residents travel to
work. Table 7 -13 below summarizes modes to work taken by Dartmouth
residents. Trips taken by subway, streetcar or train do not occur within the town
boundaries, but rather are part of multi-modal trips, primarily ending in the
immediate Boston area. As stated before, roadways are the only means of
transportation in the town, resulting in a high percentage of people using
automobiles as their means to work.
Table 7-13: Mode of Travel to Work, 2000
Mode
Amount
Automobile
Drove Alone
Carpooled
Public Transportation
Bus
Streetcar
Subway
Train
Ferry
Taxi
Motorcycle
Bicycle
Walked
Other
Worked at home
Total Workers 16+
13,169
12,009
1,160
140
94
6
25
6
0
9
11
16
250
53
461
13,639
Percentag
e
96.6
88.0
8.5
1.0
0.7
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
1.8
0.4
3.4
100
Although 88% of residents drive alone to work, this percentage is not
overwhelmingly high considering the town’s suburban nature. The high number
of residents that carpool likely results from the high number of retail jobs in the
town being taken by those under the legal driving age, who would consider
getting a ride to work as carpooling. It is interesting to note the potential for
many trips to work to be done by bicycling, walking or public transportation. The
following statistics from the 2000 census support this idea:
•
•
67% of employment (8,893 jobs) in the town is accessible via Route 6,
Faunce Corner Road and Cross Road.
83% of employment and 62% of the population in the town is accessible
by public transportation.
2007
7-26
•
56% of work trips originating in Dartmouth either remain in Dartmouth or
terminate in New Bedford.
57% of work trips into Dartmouth originate either within Dartmouth or New
Bedford.
9.1% of work trips originating in Dartmouth terminate in Fall River
7.8% of work trips into Dartmouth originate in Fall River.
•
•
•
Given the highly concentrated nature of employment in the town and its physical
proximity to its resident base, it would be easily possible to convert a significant
amount of work trips away from single occupancy vehicles and onto buses,
bicycles and foot. Based on the figures above, public transportation alone could
theoretically handle 32% of all work trips (4,473) originating in Dartmouth on
existing routes if they were to accommodate working hours. This is based on the
percentage of the population residing in census block groups that have fixed
route transit service, the percentage of employment in those same block groups,
and the amount of workers traveling between those cities and towns. Additional
locations in Westport and Fairhaven may also be accessible by public
transportation, though they are not included in this number.
7.4 SCHEDULED TRANSPORTATION PROJECTS
Roadway projects including resurfacing, reconstruction and new construction can
be funded through a variety of different sources, including local, state and federal
funds. Locally funded road projects generally utilize Chapter 90 funding, which is
given to each town for road infrastructure improvements based on a formula
taking into account population and employment. Other major projects are
generally split-funded between state and federal funds, generally 20% state and
80% federal. Any project to receive federal funding must be listed in the
Transportation Improvement Program (TIP), a three-year listing of projects for
which federal funds are set aside. The TIP is administered by the Southeastern
Massachusetts Metropolitan Planning Organization, a group that currently
contains a representative from Dartmouth. A summary of all projects in the town
listed in the 2007 TIP can be found in Table 7-14 below.
Table 7-14: Federally Funded Road Projects in Dartmouth, 2007-2010
Project
TIP
Year
Funding
Category*
Federal
Funds
State
Funds
Total Cost
Dartmouth Street Resurfacing/Replace
3 Traffic Signals
Construct new ramp and widen bridge
I-195 @ Faunce Corner Road
Replace Gulf Road bridge over
Apponagansett River
2008
STP
$880,000
$220,000
$1,100,000
2010
$7,680,000
$1,920,000
$9,600,000
2007
IM/NHS/
BRON
BROFF
$960,000
$240,000
$1,200,000
Resurface I-195
2008
IM
$4,500,000
$500,000
$5,000,000
*STP=Surface Transportation Program. IM=Interstate Maintenance. NHS=National Highway System.
BRON=Bridges on Federal Aid System. BROFF=Bridges off Federal Aid System.
2007
7-27
SECTION 8
IMPLEMENTATION PROGRAM
Photo: Stacy Sousa
Section 8 Implementation Program
8.1 Vision Statement
Decisions are made every day that affect the character, environment,
infrastructure and economy of Dartmouth. Periodic review and update of this
Master Plan and corresponding revisions to a community’s zoning by-laws
allows a community to guide future growth and development in a manner that
matches the following values and goals.
COMMUNITY VALUES: OUR VISION FOR THE FUTURE

WE value the rural character of our Town. The farmland, coastal
interface, forests, wetlands, scenic vistas, and historic coastal and
countryside village centers all contribute to this shared appreciation.
Progress should not diminish or detract from the features that define the
nature of our Town.

WE value the great natural beauty of our community. The inland waters,
coastal marshes, deciduous forests, meadows, and other natural areas,
should be adequately protected from encroachment and degradation
related to development.

WE value the quality of municipal services this community provides in
particular the schools and library system. Our local budget needs to be
managed in a manner to maintain the level of municipal services as we
grow.

WE value traditional local industries with ties to our natural resources.
Farming, fishing and marine industries have long provided jobs for
residents and rooted the community in a harmonious relationship with the
land and sea. These industries should be supported—Dartmouth would
not be the same without them.

WE value the civic involvement of residents. Our many Town Boards and
Commissions, volunteer Fire Departments, Representative Town Meeting,
and nonprofit interest groups, all work with the best interest of Dartmouth
in mind. The continued and lively participation of residents will lead to
better choices.

WE value the small town feel that endures within a community that has
gained big town attractions. Attention must be paid to the delicate
balance of these two traits, with new development integrated in a manner
that doesn’t sacrifice small town connections.
Section 8: Implementation Program
2007
8-1

WE value access to goods and services. Such convenience, however,
should not come at the cost of congestion, buildings that lack character,
and intrusion into residential areas. Growth in commercial areas should
be well-managed and meet high standards for safety, accessibility,
compatibility, and aesthetics.

WE value the varied water resources that set this Town apart. The
abundance of fresh and saltwater bodies—beaches, rivers, streams, and
ponds—provide clean water for drinking and opportunities for recreation.

WE value our historical roots. Our heritage includes buildings and
significant natural features that link us across time and enrich our
community. Preservation of our historic built and natural landscape
should be pursued.

WE value the diversity of experiences that are available within this Town
and the region of which it is a part. Dartmouth provides accessibility to
academic, cultural, recreational, commercial, and employment
opportunities, all of which add to our quality of life. We must reconcile our
desire for such offerings with our desire for the maintenance of a rural
lifestyle.
The Master Plan is a guide to decision making for Town Meeting, the various
Town Boards, Commissions and Departments. While a Master Plan is
required by State Law (MGL Chapter 41, Section D), it is not a zoning by-law,
a subdivision regulation, a budget or a capital improvement program. It should
be the basis for the preparation of those documents. The following goals and
objectives by section provides the background for the implementation tasks
identified in the Executive Summary.
Section 8.2 Land Use Goals
Vision Statement
Growth, and its associated land use changes, can have a significant
impact on the quality of life within Dartmouth. The opening statement of
community values captures the tensions that are inherent with growth and
outlines the tradeoffs that must be considered when setting a course for the
future. Dartmouth’s rural character, natural resources, and small town feeling are
clearly features that are important to residents. Access to goods and services,
diversity of cultural offerings, and job opportunities are also desired elements.
2007
8-2
The strategy below represents actions to balance these attributes and
recommendations on meeting the energy needs of the community.
Goal One: Maintain the rural character in the undeveloped and agricultural
areas of Dartmouth.
1.1 Mandate Open Space Residential Design (OSRD) in the Residential B
zoning district for subdivisions of a certain size. Also review other
refinements that may increase the successful use of OSRD.
1.2 Prepare a generalized map of priority areas for protection based on
viewsheds, environmental sensitivity, greenway connections, and other
resource values that the Planning Board can use in combination with
site specific information, to guide the OSRD process.
1.3 Educate residents, realtors, town boards and departments about
scenic road status and the importance of the fundamental building
blocks of rural character such as: stonewalls, mature landscapes, and
road layouts. Use signage, brochures, and tours as means for
disseminating this information.
1.4 Explore how scenic roadway status can be better utilized to protect
fundamental elements of rural character and village design, including
mature landscapes, stonewalls, and road layouts.
Goal Two: Preserve the unique qualities of Dartmouth’s villages and
support these areas as vital centers within the Town.
2.1 Form a committee charged with preparing an area plan for
Padanaram to study and make specific recommendations on the
relevant objectives outlined below. The committee should include
representatives from Padanaram businesses, Padanaram residents,
boaters, and other interested residents.
2.2 Adopt design guidelines for construction and re-construction within
Padanaram including standards for signage. Part of the charm of the
area rests on the form, scale, and relationship between the structures.
This can be disrupted by teardowns or disharmonious building
alterations. A visual simulation of the type of out-of-character
development that is possible without the guidelines in place should be
prepared to illustrate the need for guidelines.
2.3 Determine the amount of off-street parking available within
Padanaram and the impact this has on business. Also study the effect
of the present off-street parking requirements on business
development in Padanaram. Consider bylaw changes such as shared
2007
8-3
parking and reduced off-street requirements, and the creation of public
lot(s).
2.4 Design a strategy for Padanaram to take advantage of its tourist
value, addressing services for boaters and visitors such as a water
taxi, while addressing vitality of the village on a year-round basis.
2.5 Determine what support, if any, could be provided to maintain the
current variety of non-conforming grandfathered uses within Russells
Mills and Hixville.
2.6 Study conditions in Bliss Corner with a goal of making the best use of
this area. Form a committee charged with preparing an area plan to
make recommendations on such items as revised regulations for offstreet parking, mixed-use structures, and signage standards.
2.7 Explore how scenic roadway status can be better utilized to protect
fundamental elements of rural character and village design, including
mature landscapes, stonewalls, and road layouts.
2.8 Seek walking trails and public access connections to recreational
areas through permitting processes (variances, subdivision waivers,
and others as appropriate). This access, whether through easements
or land donations, should provide the highest quality public access that
is feasible.
Goal Three: Preserve Dartmouth’s historical heritage in the forms of
buildings, development patterns, and landscapes.
3.1 Create incentives for property owners to appropriately rehab and
maintain the historic structures throughout Dartmouth but especially
within the village centers.
3.2 Use Site Plan Review design standards to re-connect the Smith Mills
area with its heritage; have redevelopment projects use the past to
inspire building design.
3.3 Participate in the Commonwealth’s Heritage Landscape Program that
helps to identify key landscapes and develop strategies for protecting
them.
3.4 Identify receiving sites (temporary and permanent) where homes
threatened by demolition can be relocated. Match these homes with
renovation funds to expand the affordable housing stock while
preserving historical buildings.
2007
8-4
Goal Four: Manage growth in commercial areas to achieve high standards
for safety, accessibility, compatibility, and aesthetics.
4.1 Change the existing General Business District to permit mixed-use
structures – that is commercial and residential uses. Residential uses
would only be permitted as part of accompanying commercial uses—
not as stand alone residential structures. This change is intended to
encourage smaller businesses and diverse housing types including
affordable housing.
4.2 Change the zoning along Route 6 (with an overlay or new district) to
restrict “big box” uses (defined by a threshold of building square feet
and/or trip generation) to the area along Route 6 between Cross Road
and Faunce Corner Road.
4.3 Adopt Site Plan Review with architectural design standards for
commercial uses. Use this provision to promote energy efficiency in
building design.
4.4 Work with economic development groups (such as Chambers and
SouthCoast Development, etc.) on how to support small locally owned
business initiatives.
4.5 Explicitly permit off-site mitigation contributions (for example traffic
lights, lane widening, or drainage structures) through a Site Plan
Review process for large developments.
4.6 Complete a Traffic Study of the Faunce Corner area that identifies
long-term traffic improvements. Use this study with a new Site Plan
Review bylaw to establish off-site mitigation contributions to major
traffic improvements.
4.7 Review zoning in the Faunce Corner area in order to protect the
remaining farms, address roadway capacity and promote public safety.
4.8 Complete a Traffic Study of the other areas in Dartmouth that have
congestion, safety, and/or circulation problems such as: Route 6 and
Reed Road and Route 6 and Cross Road. Identify actions to manage
existing and future traffic.
Goal Five: Manage Growth with Tools such as: infrastructure,
comprehensive zoning, and judicious board decision-making.
5.1 Do not expand water and sewer systems beyond the present service
areas. Exceptions should be made only for improvements to the water
system to meet hydraulic requirements or public health issues.
2007
8-5
5.2 Fund manpower and system upgrades needed to maintain and
operate the Town’s Geographic Information System (GIS).
5.3 Follow the variance standards of MGL Chapter 40A Section 10 and
the Dartmouth Zoning Bylaw Section 36.300 with regard to the criteria
for variances. Improper variances undermine the comprehensive
zoning in place in Dartmouth and can create friction between land
uses.
5.4 Establish a system for annual Board training. Lay Board members
should be entitled to training as part of their service and attendance
should be strongly encouraged. Law and legal precedents are
constantly changing so it is critical that Board members stay up to
date. To facilitate attendance, Dartmouth should consider sponsoring
workshops by Citizens Training and Planning Collaborative at
Dartmouth Town Hall.
5.5 Organize a Commuter Rail Study Committee to review the likely
growth related impacts of the extension of commuter rail to New
Bedford/ Fall River and make recommendations to the Planning Board.
Consider such issues as residential growth pressures and traffic
generation.
Goal Six: Promote energy efficiency in building design and support
renewable energy in Dartmouth. Consider the potential impacts on natural
resources, public safety, and historic character, and seek appropriate
mitigation and safeguards.
6.1 Adopt a Town policy that all new municipal buildings be constructed as
LEED certified buildings. (The LEED (Leadership in Energy and
Environmental Design) Green Building Rating System® is a
certification process under the auspices of the US Green Building
Council. This means the materials and the building systems meet high
standards for energy and resource efficiency.
6.2 Pursue incorporation of LEED certification/ green energy usage
thresholds into future TIF agreements.
6.3 Promote energy efficiency and green energy usage in Site Plan
Review. Consider incentives for meeting certain thresholds.
6.4 Review local regulations to identify obstacles to renewable energy
sources and evaluate changes that could foster these alternatives in
appropriate places and in appropriate forms.
2007
8-6
6.5 Pursue all federal and state grants available to the Town for
developing alternative energy sources to meet municipal needs. Also
encourage private/public partnerships to take advantage of tax credit
programs.
6.6 Establish 10 and 20-year goals for renewable energy use by municipal
buildings.
Goal Seven: Support agriculture in Dartmouth as working farms are part of
the local heritage, contribute to rural character, and add to the local
economy. Work for a “No net loss of farmland” policy.
7.1 Replenish the successful Agricultural Preservation Trust fund in order
to preserve farmland. Use these funds to leverage other funding
sources and purchase the development rights of farmland and/or
purchase agricultural land under 61A.
7.2 Continue to support the Town’s Agricultural Commission and
Southeastern Massachusetts Agricultural Partnership (SEMAP).
7.3 Establish institutional buying of locally grown products. In particular
foster a relationship between the local schools and farmers, and other
major institutions such as the prison and the University.
7.4 Retain existing farmers and recruit a new generation of farmers and
second career farmers. Reach out to agricultural schools and
vocational schools to identify and support youth interested in farming.
Goal Eight: Protect the Quality of Water Resources.
8.1 Maintain the Aquifer Protection Bylaw standards as modified at the
2006 Town Meeting, in order to protect existing and future water
supplies. Dartmouth presently uses water from New Bedford during
the peak usage months of the summer, but water independence is a
long-term goal. Aquifer protection standards are a good way to protect
current aquifer areas, as well as, areas that could be the site of future
supplies.
8.2 Achieve the enforcement of regulations and the regular maintenance
of water treatment facilities installed during development. Inspections
of stormwater filters and retention areas are not possible within current
staffing levels. A fee structure to offset the costs for town inspectors
and/or standard permit wording that establishes a fund for outside
independent consultants to do this work, should be pursued.
2007
8-7
Goal Nine: Promote Public Access to the Shoreline, Preserve Recreational
Use of the Waterways, and Regulate Off-shore activities.
9.1 Complete a Harbor Management Plan. Working with Executive Office
of Environmental Affairs, Department of Environmental Protection and
the Office of Coastal Zone Management, Dartmouth should undertake
a Harbor Management Plan in order to establish priorities and
objectives on the use of tidelands, set out a balance of utilization of
these waterways, and achieve state compliance with the local policies.
Such a document, developed with public input, can establish policies
for public access to the shoreline, whether through easements or land
donations, and address issues of off shore structures, and the
operational issues of moorings, pump-out areas, and use restrictions.
9.2 Undertake an inventory of existing public access points to the
shoreline. Work to preserve these access points through the
installation of signage and increased public awareness and use.
9.3 Promote public access to the shoreline within all permitting processes
under Town control from Chapter 91 application reviews to ZBA
variances, Planning Board approvals with waivers, and other permits.
This access, whether through easements or land donations, should
provide the highest quality public access that is feasible.
9.4 Be proactive in following the recent “Ocean Management” legislation;
and if adopted, seek ways to have Dartmouth’s interests represented.
The proposed legislation calls for the formation of a Commission to
make recommendations on regulating off-shore facilities, undersea
activities, and resource protection. Dartmouth’s 81 miles of coast, ties
to the fishing industry, and connection to recreational use of the Bay,
all make ocean management policies important concerns for
Dartmouth.
9.5 Promote aquaculture through the establishment of areas suitable for
permitting, a permitting process, and proper controls.
Goal Ten: Work closely with the University of Massachusetts – Dartmouth
on their plans for growth—both expansion of the student body and
additional uses of their property holdings.
10.1 Review the University’s 20- year plan, with particular attention to the
issues of traffic generation and improved access, and identify other
issues/projects where Town participation is appropriate.
2007
8-8
10.2 Ensure that the Town is a part of present and future plans for the use
of University owned land.
10.3 Establish a planning committee with broad based representation to
review the relationship between the Town and the University (costs
and benefits) and make specific recommendations on ways to improve
communication and coordination. Specifically address how University
activities and land use choices impact the community, for example by
generating traffic and affecting water quality.
Goal Eleven: Expand Housing Types in Dartmouth.
11.1 Adopt inclusionary zoning to provide affordable housing in dispersed
locations and in an incremental manner.
11.2 Provide for diverse housing types, including smaller units and
apartments through mixed-use zoning.
11.3 Identify receiving sites (temporary and permanent) where homes
threatened by demolition can be relocated. Match these homes with
renovation funds to expand the affordable housing stock while
preserving historical buildings.
Section 8.3 Affordable Housing Goals
During the development of the Town’s Affordable Housing Plan, numerous
meetings and public hearings were held. The following affordable housing goals
were developed based on input received during these meetings. These goals
represent the basis on which the housing strategies described later in this
Chapter were developed. The goals are as follows:
•
•
•
Satisfy the 10% state standard for affordable housing.
Develop regulations that will improve the feasibility of developing
affordable housing while promoting a high quality of design.
Satisfy demands for affordable housing above and beyond state
mandates.
8.3.1 Affordable Housing Strategies
The Town of Dartmouth plans to achieve the goals described above through a
series of strategies grouped according to their function as: (1) strategies
designed to preserve the Town’s existing supply of affordable housing; (2)
regulatory policies that will increase the supply of affordable housing in
Dartmouth over time; and (3) production strategies that will add new units to the
Town’s housing inventory.
2007
8-9
8.3.2 Preservation Strategies
8.3.2.1
Retain Expiring Affordable Units
Issue – “Expiring use properties” are rental units which were built with federal
and/or state subsidies (such as low cost mortgages, rent subsidies, and loan
guarantees) to serve low and moderate income tenants that are now at risk of
being removed from the affordable inventory. The mortgages on these
properties—most dating from the 1970s—often had terms of 30-40 years, but
owners were allowed to prepay after 20 years, removing the use restrictions that
required them to serve low income residents. Massachusetts has more than
18,000 such units that may now be at risk. Given the high cost of new
production, preventing the loss of these existing units should be a high priority for
any community.
Dartmouth has two properties, Solemar Apartments I and The Crossroads that
have approximately 400 rental units, which were built with federal subsidies and
currently serve low and moderate income tenants. While the Town has been
considering a challenge of recent subsidy changes with the appropriate funding
agencies, unfortunately these units are either at risk of being removed from the
affordable housing inventory or have already been removed. Solemar
Apartments I has a total of 200 units and in 2001 half of those units became
eligible for conversion to market rate apartments. This housing project serves
seniors and as a tenant leaves the property the vacant unit is converted to
market rate status. To date, 76 units have been converted to market rate
apartments and Dartmouth’s Housing Authority predicts that the remaining units
will become market rate over the next two to three years. In addition, The
Crossroads’ affordability status expired in 2003 and the entire project, 200 units
in all, is in danger of becoming market rate.
Additional production of affordable housing in Dartmouth has offset the units that
have been converted to market rate apartments at Solemar Apartments I, but
with no new 40B projects on the horizon the Town of Dartmouth needs to
maintain the affordability of ALL the units at The Crossroads and attempt to
recapture some of the units at Solemar Apartments I.
Recommended Action – The Town of Dartmouth has interest in working with a
non-profit housing developer to purchase and then subsequently manage these
affordable housing units. Also, the Town is willing to consider negotiating with
the current owner to maintain the affordability of the project. The Town will need
to look for technical assistance to help with their negotiations. In addition, the
Town is considering legal challenge of the requirements imposed by
comprehensive and special permits issued for development of the original
projects.
2007
8-10
The Community Economic Development Assistance Corporation (CEDAC),
MassHousing, DHCD, Greater Boston Legal Services, Local Initiative Support
Corporation (LISC), and others are available to help communities leverage the
resources they need to prevent affordable units from being lost. Some of the
services that these groups can be provide include: (1) negotiating extensions of
current affordability restrictions or sales to nonprofit owners; (2) securing new
capital investment to meet deferred maintenance or systems replacement needs;
and (3) advocacy.
Responsible Entity – The Dartmouth Housing Partnership should lead the effort
in seeking assistance to maintain the affordability of all rental units located at
Solemar Apartments I and The Crossroads.
8.3.2.2 Continue the Town’s Housing Rehabilitation and Repair Program
Issue – The Housing Rehabilitation and Repair Program uses Community
Development Block Grant (CDBG) Funds to provide low interest, long term loans
to eligible borrowers. The funds are used to make improvements to properties
such as code violations, repair or replacement of heating systems, removal of
hazardous materials, or replacement of windows. The purpose of the program is
to allow the owners of rental or owner-occupied multi-family housing projects to
maintain their units in decent, safe, and sanitary conditions without having to take
an equity loan on the property. Units that are repaired using CDBG funds can be
counted as “affordable” because of the funding source, which requires that
CDBG funds be used only for the benefit of people at or below 80% of the area
median income. In order for a unit to be counted as part of the Town’s affordable
housing inventory it must be deed restricted for a minimum of 15 years.
Recommendation – Last year Dartmouth successfully utilized this program to
add 15 units to its affordable housing inventory. This Plan recommends that the
Town continue to expand this program. The program administrator has reported
that there are already 30 property owners interested in participating in this year’s
lending cycle and she anticipates even more interest once funds become
available. The Town has applied for CDBG funds, if the funds are not awarded
this Plan recommends that the Town utilize Community Preservation Act funds to
continue the program.
Responsible Entity – The Grant Administrator’s office is responsible for this
program.
8.3.2.3 Implement an Amnesty Program for Accessory Units that are Not in
Compliance with Zoning and Building Codes
2007
8-11
Issue – It is estimated that the Town of Dartmouth has a significant number of
undocumented accessory units that either do not comply with the Town’s zoning
bylaw and/or are in violation of state building code.
Recommendation Action – The Town of Dartmouth should launch an Amnesty
Program to encourage landlords to upgrade their existing, illegal accessory
dwelling units and simultaneously add to the Town’s official affordable housing
inventory. The Amnesty Program would allow homeowners with existing illegal
accessory units to come forward without penalty and receive assistance from
Dartmouth in bringing their units up to code. It should be noted that the program
frees landlords from zoning restrictions through the use of a Comprehensive
Permit (Ch. 40B), but not state building and sanitary codes or environmental
regulations.
In order for Dartmouth to be able to add these units to its subsidized housing
inventory, it must use a state or federal subsidy or financing mechanism. In
addition, it must make sure that the units are up to code, occupied by an income
eligible tenant at an affordable price, and rented on an open and fair basis. If a
property owner was to withdraw from the program, or the property was to
become otherwise ineligible, the comprehensive permit would be cancelled and
the restrictions of the regulatory agreement as well as the zoning relief it provided
would become void.
Units approved under this program would remain affordable in perpetuity; unless
the owner chose to voluntarily cancel the comprehensive permit, in which case
the property would be required to be brought into compliance with the underlying
zoning.
The Amnesty Program can also be used to create additional accessory use
apartments, thereby making it a production program as well. The owner of a
property must meet all of the same conditions but the zoning relief will allow
these owners to increase their income through a rental unit while providing
additional apartments for people or families at or below 80% of median income.
A commonly used, related technique involves allowing large single family homes
to be converted to two or more units and sold and/or rented as flats or two- and
three-family homes. The Town of Dartmouth should consider permitting this type
of program under the auspices of the Amnesty Program.
Responsible Entity – The Town would manage the program. The Town, using
CDBG funds would monitor, inspect, and re-certify. In addition, the Town would
provide technical assistance to those homeowners looking for low or no interest
loans to rehabilitate their properties.
2007
8-12
8.3.2.4
Develop Opportunities for Adaptive Reuse
Issue – In the future, Dartmouth may have municipal structures that become
abandoned, underutilized, or functionally obsolete.
Recommended Action – The Town of Dartmouth will study the potential for
reusing these structures as the need arises. Reusing these properties as
housing is a strategy that enables the community to accommodate growth in
established locations instead of on green space and at the same time preserve
or restore the architectural fabric of the community. The Housing Partnership
could be assigned to oversee this process.
Responsible Entity – The Housing Partnership should study opportunities for
adaptive reuse. Its recommendations could be passed onto the Select Board
and the Housing Authority for further action.
8.3.2.5
Establish a Soft Second Mortgage Program
Issue – Two of biggest barriers for first-time homebuyers include: (1)
accumulating enough money for a down payment and closing costs; and (2)
finding appropriately priced housing options. These problems plague many
Dartmouth residents who are trying to enter the housing market for the first time.
A combination of inflated housing prices in Dartmouth and lower wage rates have
kept many younger families and singles from being able to purchase a home.
Recommended Action – This Plan recommends that the Town of Dartmouth
participate in the Soft Second Mortgage Program. This program operates in
more than 229 communities across the Commonwealth with more than 40
lenders participating. The Soft Second Mortgage Program assists first time
homebuyers by offering low down payments, favorable underwriting and
eliminating the need for private mortgage insurance. Most important, the
program reduces a borrower’s monthly costs by dividing the loan in to two
components. A conventional first mortgage, usually for 75% of the purchase
price, and a subsidized second mortgage, usually for 20% of the purchase price.
Interest is only paid on the second mortgage for the first ten years, and public
funds may be used to subsidize the interest rate during the early years of the
loan. In year eleven the homeowner starts to pay the full amount. This
technique enables a homebuyer to qualify for a larger mortgage than (s)he
otherwise would.
Dartmouth should work with local lenders and non-profit organizations already
participating in the program and advertise the program through materials
produced by the Town. The Town may wish to advertise the Soft Second
Mortgage Program with already existing initiatives such as the Rental
Rehabilitation and Repair Program.
2007
8-13
Responsible Entity – The Town Administrator and the Town’s Finance Director
should be responsible for this program.
8.3.3 Regulatory Strategies
8.3.3.1
Establish a Housing Partnership
Issue – Currently, the Town of Dartmouth does not have an organization that
addresses the wide variety of topics related to housing.
Recommended Action – A Housing Partnership should act as a clearing house
for all housing information, programs, and strategies. They would review
proposed Town policies regarding their effect on the housing market, and they
would propose strategies to help address housing needs as they may arise.
Further, they would serve as the lead negotiators for future 40B developments
and would advise the Select Board and the Zoning Board of Appeals on
affordable housing issues and projects. The Housing Partnership would work to
cultivate appropriate projects and guide them through the permitting process.
For more information on Housing Partnerships please see the following web
page: http://www.mhp.net/termsheets/housingpartnerships.pdf
Responsible Entity – The Select Board has already approved the creation of a
Housing Partnership. The Town Administrator will need to work with interested
parties to nominate appropriate individuals.
8.3.3.2 Create an Affordable Housing Trust Fund
Issue – The Town does not have a dedicated source of funding for affordable
housing projects and programs.
Recommended Action – Affordable Housing Trust Funds are public funds
established by legislation, ordinance, or resolution to receive specific revenues
that can only be spent on housing. Trust funds provide a flexible vehicle through
which resources may be committed to the production and/or preservation of
affordable housing. Dedicated, predictable, and ongoing sources of revenue,
such as linkage payments, specific taxes (hotel tax), fees, inclusionary housing
mandates, and loan repayments are desirable, however, even one time
donations, proceeds from the sale of property, or negotiated contributions may
be used to build the funds revenue. Once the Affordable Housing Trust Fund is
up and running, the Town should establish a program to accept donations from
local companies to supplement the other funding mechanisms such as the
payment in lieu provisions recommended in the bylaw modifications contained
within this Plan.
2007
8-14
Responsible Entity – The Select Board has already approved the creation of an
Affordable Housing Trust Fund. Once a Housing Partnership is fully established,
it should work to create the Affordable Housing Trust Fund.
8.3.3.3 Revise Zoning Bylaw and Land Use Strategies to Promote
Affordable Housing that Meets the Needs of all Dartmouth
Residents
Issue – The Town’s current zoning bylaws do not encourage affordable housing
nor do they allow for a mixture of housing types. The town’s current zoning
bylaw encourages single-family development and can be credited with increasing
the cost of building lots and creating a spread out pattern of residential
development.
Recommended Action - This plan recommended that the Town of Dartmouth
evaluate a series of new zoning strategies, outlined below, designed to allow a
variety of housing types to be developed in Dartmouth without compromising its
character and natural resources. The recommended zoning strategies to be
reviewed are detailed below.
Responsible Entity – The Planning Director should work with the Planning
Board to review the ongoing strategies outlined below and to develop a
comprehensive rezoning package to be presented for adoption at Town Meeting.
Adopt Inclusionary Zoning
One of the Town’s housing goals is to maintain the affordability of the local
housing stock. Since very few market rate units currently being built are
affordable, the Town should consider adopting an Inclusionary Housing policy
requiring some minimum percentage (e.g., 10%) of the units in any multi-family
development (5 units or larger, including senior housing) to be affordable.
Unfortunately, there is no legal precedent in Massachusetts for requiring
affordable units in as-of-right developments, so the policy can only apply to
special permit uses such as multi-family housing. Affordable units developed
pursuant to this ordinance should be made affordable to households earning
80% (or less) of the median household income for the area and should be
subject to long-term use restriction and resale restriction to ensure that the units
remain affordable for some minimum period of time (e.g., at least 45 years). For
development where fractional units would be required (e.g., a six unit
development), the Town may want to offer a payment-in-lieu option, whereby the
developer pays the Town a pro-rated fee such as $10,000 for each tenth of an
affordable unit. The Town would then earmark these funds to be used for local
affordable housing programs.
2007
8-15
Create and Adopt a Village Overlay District
The Town should consider adopting a Village Overlay District. This Village
Overlay District (VOD) would encourage responsible development of a variety of
housing communities along with the mandated preservation of open space,
creation of affordable housing, and protection of historic and architecturally
significant structures. These villages would be an alternative to conventional
residential development and would be permitted by Special Permit granted by the
Planning Board. The VOD concept seeks to accommodate a range of housing
types while fostering innovative site development that is sensitive to the natural
features of a site and increases preservation of open space. Using the village
approach, sites may be developed to provide a mix of building types—including
traditional detached homes, attached or townhouse single family homes, and
multi-family configurations. In a village development, a site would be developed
such that buildings and parking are located in the most suitable areas of the tract,
enabling preservation of critical, consolidated areas of open space. It is
recommended that the VOD have a mandated affordable housing provision and
that any density bonuses be explicitly tied to additional affordable housing. If
properly administered, the VOD could rapidly assist the Town in meeting it
affordable housing needs.
Create and Adopt a Transfer of Density Bylaw1
Some of the strategies identified in this section would increase the overall
buildout of the Town of Dartmouth. Dartmouth is a semi-rural community that
wishes to retain its character as such and an increase in the overall population
could place untold pressure on Dartmouth’s natural resources and public
services and facilities. Therefore, any increase in density associated with the
smart growth principles and bylaw changes recommended by this plan, need to
be compensated by a decrease in density elsewhere in the community.
Within the Village Overlay District, the Town could create bylaw language that
includes the possibility for development right transfers, donation of open space,
and/or the donation of targeted funds to mitigate for the allowed increases in
density2. The bylaw mentioned above will permit housing at a density that is
consistent with the current allowed density. However, if a project proposes an
increase in that density, the Transfer of Density Provisions will apply. The
developer will then have an option of transferring density from another parcel that
1
Density transfers are also known as Transfer of Development Rights or TDR.
It is essential that the Town offer a payment-in-lieu option in order to encourage developers to use this
development method. Without such an option, it becomes extremely difficult for a developer to coordinate
the timing of two or more land purchases and a development review process at the same time, and the result
is often that the provision is never used. This unfortunate outcome has been the fate of several Transfer of
Development Rights bylaws in Massachusetts. In addition, the payment-in-lieu option can actually be
advantageous to the Town because it allows the Town to protect the highest priority lands and to seek
matching grant funds to conserve even more land.
2
2007
8-16
they may own, donating off-site, developable open space to the Town, or
donating a fee in lieu of an open space donation or transfer of development
rights. The Town will use the fees collected to purchase open space or
Conservation Restrictions. Through the combination of these mechanisms, the
community will strive to increase density in some areas while retaining the
buildout at its current level.
To ensure that the creative bylaw described above is utilized, the Town must
establish reasonable density incentive provisions. If the Town requires too much
open space (or too large a payment-in-lieu) in exchange for the right to build
bonus housing units, developers will not take advantage of these creative zoning
techniques. If the open space requirement is too low, the Town will not be
realizing the maximum potential to conserve open space. The payment-in-lieu
amount per bonus dwelling unit should be set ahead of time by the Planning
Board, but may be changed from time to time. The payment-in-lieu should be
some percentage of the estimated additional marginal profit that the developer
could earn by building each bonus unit.3
Modify the Existing OSRD Bylaw
The Town should consider modifying the zoning by-law to allow the Planning
Board, versus the developer, the choice which plan (OSRD or standard
subdivision) best fits a property proposed to be subdivided.
Permit Mixed-Use Development
Dartmouth’s current Zoning Bylaw does not allow for a wide mixture of housing
types. This has resulted in an extremely tight rental market couples with a lack of
housing options for commuters, singles, empty nesters, and young couples.
Previous recommendations include the creation of Village Overlay District. The
Overlay District is designed to create a more traditional town center form of
development with pedestrian friendly design and mixed-use. To achieve the
mixed-use component of the District, the Plan recommends that the Town permit
residential units above first floor commercial uses by Special Permit within the
Village Overlay Districts. Small-scale mixed-use structures will not only provide
housing opportunities for many Dartmouth residents, but will also contribute to
the vitality and economic health of the neighborhood business areas.
3
For the bonus units, generally there is little or no additional marginal cost for land, infrastructure,
engineering, or permitting—since these are all fixed costs associated with the project as a whole. Thus, the
marginal profit per bonus unit is the sale price of the unit minus the cost of building and marketing the unit.
This marginal profit figure can be estimated from information on comparable projects in the area. The
payment in lieu should be some fraction (e.g., two-thirds) of the estimated marginal profit per unit in order
to give the developer adequate incentive to use the bonus provisions.
2007
8-17
Modify Regulations to Permit the Development of Merged Lots
The Town of Dartmouth has a number of residential lots that are not developable
because of insufficient size, dimensional requirements, access issues, etc.
Several of these properties are suitable for housing and the Town should
encourage the development of these lots in order to create additional affordable
housing in already established residential neighborhoods.
The Town of Dartmouth should consider modifying its Zoning Bylaw to allow
affordable housing development on non-compliant lots. These lots could be
defined as having less than the prescribed minimum area and/or minimum
frontage, width, yard, or depth requirements. Development of these lots would
be granted by either the Planning Board or the Zoning Board of Appeals and
would require a Special Permit. In order to be permitted to develop housing on
non-compliant lots the units would need to be deeded affordable in perpetuity.
8.3.3.4 Modify Accessory Dwelling Provisions
The Town’s Zoning Bylaw already allows the creation of accessory in-law
apartments by right. These units may provide up to 800 square feet of living
space, and must be attached to the main dwelling unit or be located in an
existing detached building. While this policy has had some impact on the
creation of this low-impact form of affordable housing, several changes to this
policy are recommended in order to make it even more effective.
The Town should make modifications to the Town’s existing Accessory Dwelling
Provisions that in exchange for some benefit (a reduction in taxes?) provides a
deed restriction that would stipulate the unit’s affordability in perpetuity (or until
the use is discontinued). Without an acceptable deed restriction to ensure longterm affordability, additional accessory units will not count towards the Town’s
state mandated 10% affordable housing goal.
8.3.4
Production Strategies
8.3.4.1 Development of Housing on Town Owned Property
Issue – The Town of Dartmouth owns a significant amount of developable land
and recognizes that the donation of land for affordable housing development, or
its sale at below market value, is one of the most valuable contributions it can
make towards the goal of providing additional affordable housing.
Recommended Strategy - The Town has identified a number of parcels that it
wishes to utilize for the development of affordable housing. The mechanism by
which the property is conveyed will vary on a project by project basis. There are
2007
8-18
three parcels that have been identified for the development of certain types of
housing.
Parcel 1 - Town Owned - This parcel is in located close proximity to the
Dartmouth’s Senior Center and the site enjoys easy access to public
transportation as well as services. This site is proposed for the development of a
congregate care facility.
Parcel 2 – Town Owned – This parcel is located on Reed Road and like Parcel
1 has access to public transportation routes and a multitude of services and retail
destinations. The site has been the subject of two proposals for the development
of senior housing through the HUD 202 program. Unfortunately, the projects did
not receive HUD funding. Nevertheless, interest in the parcel would indicate that
it is suitable for the development or senior housing. Projects proposed at this
location should also consider needs for special needs housing for both the
physically and mentally disabled.
Parcel 3 – This parcel is owned by the Dartmouth Housing Authority, which is
proposing the development of a facility designed to address the needs of those
Dartmouth senior residents in danger of becoming homeless. The Housing
Authority has funds available that it hopes to leverage in order to construct this
type of facility. The fact that it already has control of property suitable for
development should lower the overall project costs making this program
achievable.
Scattered Sites - In addition, the Town has identified a number of scattered sites
that could be donated to a non-profit housing developer (possible developers
include Habitat for Humanity or Veteran’s Transitional Housing Coalition) for the
development of single-family homes. There are two scenarios under which these
types of units can count toward a community’s 10% goal: (1) if project funding
includes federal or state program subsidies recognized by DHCD; or (2) if the
project qualifies under the Local Initiative Program (LIP). Normally LIP projects
allow for local preference for the affordable units with the following stipulations:
up to 70% may be local preference candidates, 10% must be minority
candidates, and 20% must be open to candidates from anywhere, subject to
open, fair and affirmative marketing.
In lieu of the standard 70/10/20% LIP lottery, DHCD has agreed to the following
plan to accommodate Habitat homes: (1) the application process must be open,
fair and affirmatively marketed; (2) the application process must include a
minority outreach component; and (3) no statewide applicant who wishes to
apply should be denied the opportunity to do so.
2007
8-19
8.3.4.2 Continue To Review Availability of Tax Title Property
Issue – Future tax title property may also provide the community with
opportunities to construct affordable housing for its residents.
Recommended Action – The Town will analyze future tax title properties as to
their potential for affordable housing. Tax title properties are land and/or
buildings that are in the process of being taken by the municipality because the
owner has failed to pay property taxes.
Often, the process of tax taking and foreclosure takes years, but communities
recently received new tools for intervening in the tax title process, thanks to An
Act Returning Tax Title Properties to Productive Use, a new law that took effect
in April, 2002. Municipalities may now: (1) abate up to 75% of taxes and 100%
of interest and penalties owed on property that will be turned into affordable
housing; (2) expedite the foreclosure process in cases where the redemption
amount exceeds the value of the property; (3) and accept a deed-in-lieu of
foreclosure to get the property back on the tax roll rather than incur the cost of a
full foreclosure proceeding.
Responsible Entity – The Housing Partnership should study opportunities for
housing on Town owned property and tax title property.
8.3.4.3. Continue to Guide and Approve Appropriate Comprehensive
Permits
Issue – Until Dartmouth is able to meet the state mandated 10% affordable
housing goal it will be in a position to have to review 40B proposals that may be
inappropriate for Dartmouth and may be inconsistent with the Town’s
development goals. However, several of these projects may well be consistent
with the goals of this plan and should be supported and cultivated.
Recommended Action – The Town should develop a clearly outlined process to
assist in creating a successful working relationship with 40B developers to help
create projects whose end result is housing that is affordable across a wide
range of incomes and protects the Town’s critical resources and community
character. The Town will continue to review and permit appropriate 40B
developments. The Housing Partnership will serve a critical role in this process
in the future.
Responsible Entity – Town Agencies (Department of Public Works, Building
Department, Planning Board, Board of Health and the Zoning Board of Appeals)
should continue to guide and approve appropriate Comprehensive Permits until a
Housing Partnership is established at which time, the Partnership should take
over initial negotiations.
2007
8-20
Summary of Housing Development and Strategies, Through 2010
Town of Dartmouth
Project/Strategy
Preservation Strategies
Retain Expiring Affordable Units*
Housing Rehabilitation and Repair
Program
Implement an Accessory Apartment
Program
Study Opportunities for Adaptive Reuse
Establish a Soft Second Mortgage
Program
Production Strategies
Encourage the Development of
Additional Accessory Dwelling Units
Parcel 1 - Congregate Care Facility
Parcel 2 -Reed Road - Senior Housing
Parcel 3 - Anderson Way – Senior
Homeless Services
Scattered Sites
Continue to Review the Availability of
Tax Title Property
Guide and Approve Appropriate
Comprehensive Permits
Total
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
50
50
30
32
33
36
38
15
25
10
11
12
13
15
17
19
20
20
20
10
10
10
64
68
71
23
50
10
12
90
127
121
Notes: *Retained already existing units cannot be counted toward additional units added to the
overall affordable housing inventory.
Section 8.4 Economic Development Goals
Vision Statement
The Town of Dartmouth should pursue economic development in order to:
generate revenues to cover services and improvements; provide jobs for
residents; support natural resource based industries; and maintain viable village
areas. The economic development strategy should focus on making the best use
of existing resources (including land, people, and infrastructure) and promote
businesses that do not compromise the rural character of the community.
2007
8-21
Goal One: Develop a marketing strategy for Dartmouth.
1.1 Re-establish the Industrial Commission as an Economic Development
Commission with a charge to: recommend economic development policies;
work with other Town Boards and Commissions in furthering economic
development objectives; participate in regional economic development
bodies; and monitor state level policies and practices that affect local
economic development.
1.2 Design a marketing strategy (to include a brochure, website, logo, slogan,
etc) that highlights the features of the community and lists specific
resources and contact persons. Consider partnerships with students
studying graphics, such as Greater New Bedford Regional Vocational
Technical High School.
1.3 Explore creating a professional economic development position to serve
Dartmouth and one or more communities with responsibilities of promoting
Dartmouth and the region, and working with economic development
agencies including Greater New Bedford Industrial Foundation (GNBIF),
the Chamber of Commerce, and UMASS Dartmouth.
Goal Two: Use existing commercially and industrially zoned areas
efficiently.
2.1 Generate an inventory of existing commercial and industrial lands to
determine the amount of land available for development and
redevelopment, including an analysis of the infrastructure capacity of sites
(water/sewer/circulation capacity). Use this listing for marketing purposes
and to match new uses with appropriate sites.
2.2 Research the potential to allow three-story buildings in the areas of town
where office parks and/or light industrial uses are permitted, or through the
creation of an overlay district. A slight increase in a building’s height
(without an increase to a building’s Floor Area Ratio) can have economic
benefits for developers, but as well, environmental benefits for the Town.
The goal is to allow the same overall square footage arranged vertically to
reduce the impervious coverage, reduce runoff, and reduce the amount
disturbed area within the parcel.
2.3 Town boards and committees should seek to maintain the present ratio of
commercially/industrially zoned land since this is serving the community
well. Reductions in the amount of such land should only go forward after
full consideration and documentation of the costs and benefits of such
proposals.
2007
8-22
2.4 Deny requests for Use Variances. Variances that permit business and
industrial land to be used for other purposes undermine the
comprehensive zoning in place in Dartmouth, diminish the supply of land
for these purposes, and can create friction between land uses.
2.5 Explore the potential along Route 6 and for alternative and additional
access points where feasible.
2.6 Study circulation and access issues in the Route 6/Faunce Corner area.
Identify existing problems; project the traffic from future build-out; and
design mitigation measures to relieve traffic congestion and address
safety concerns. Have town boards use the plan for mitigation when
permitting new development by conditioning approvals with associated offsite mitigation contributions.
2.7 Establish a quarterly “All Board” meeting to promote communication and
cooperation among Town Boards. Use this forum to focus on specific
issues, such as enforcement of existing regulations, and to educate about
the economic development perspective of proposals.
2.8 Evaluate portions of Limited Industrial District along I-195/ Faunce Corner
Road for rezoning to support higher end Office/Business Park uses. This
would meet a need and create a critical mass of medical related facilities.
Goal Three: Encourage the expansion and development of higher valued
business and industry (e.g.. less retail more finance,
insurance, and biotech firms).
3.1 Link up with educational institutions to pursue Research and Development
(R&D) opportunities in such fields as marine research and products,
healthcare and health services, renewable energy, and biotechnology. In
particular, develop a close working relationship with the UMASS small
business incubator Advanced Technology & Manufacturing Center in Fall
River, and The School for Marine Science and Technology in New
Bedford. Work with the University on the development and siting of
private ventures around new technologies.
3.2 Pending review of the regulations that are to be drafted, consider
participating in the recently passed Chapter 43D “An Act Relative to
Streamlining and Expediting the Permitting Process in the
Commonwealth”. The new legislation offers several advantages to
participating communities including: priority for state funding, grant
opportunities, and improved state permitting coordination, all of which
2007
8-23
could facilitate the development of business areas nominated by
Dartmouth.
3.3 Work with the GNBIF and Chambers of Commerce to promote and
facilitate economic development in Dartmouth. Share the inventory of
available land with these groups.
Goal Four: Pursue economic development that is consistent with the
preservation of rural character.
4.1 Partner with heritage tourism groups (such as Southeastern
Massachusetts Agricultural Partnership, Artist Cooperative, Historical
Society, WHALE, and the Cultural Council) to support economic
development such as agricultural tours or artist open houses that is
compatible with preserving community character.
4.2 Support agriculture and aquaculture as part of an economic development
strategy. Pursue the establishment of appropriate districts and the
necessary permits and processes for aquaculture.
4.3 Establish a committee to determine how the current parking plan
requirement can be improved to address all relevant site plan
considerations (access issues, building location, sign locations, etc). The
committee should include residents that are business owners, interested
citizens, and knowledgeable professionals including lawyers, architects,
and developers. The committee shall establish an approach to building
design issues that promotes quality-building design without adding costly
review and building requirements.
4.4 Consider arts/culture as an economic development tool for the Town
through the establishment of galleries, performances, open studios, etc.
4.5 Review existing regulations in village areas and propose modifications to
support mixed-use structures, reasonable parking standards, and design
guidelines for compatibility.
Goal Five: Coordinate economic development with traffic management
including circulation and parking standards.
5.1 Commission a study of circulation and access issues for the Route
6/Faunce Corner area. Traffic management is critical to the success of
economic development – there comes a point in time when congestion will
act as a deterrent to investment in Dartmouth.
2007
8-24
5.2 Work with major employers (including the prison, UMASS Dartmouth,
Harvey Industries, Hawthorne Medical, etc) on staggered work release
times in order to facilitate traffic flow, particularly during December.
5.3 Plan circulation and access out 20 years. Some traffic improvements can
be very costly and complicated and a mitigation plan can be a tool for
coordinating development with necessary improvements, and have
improvements privately funded.
5.4 Village centers need traffic management as well. Parking standards,
pedestrian improvements, and traffic calming will be important
considerations for the establishment of viable village centers.
Goal Six: Explore new ways to raise revenues.
6.1 The Town needs to maintain a competitive and attractive tax system to
encourage both new investments as well as retaining existing businesses.
Studies have shown that businesses in general use fewer services than
residential uses.
6.2 Explore creating a professional economic development position to serve
Dartmouth and one or more communities. Such a multi-community or
regional position would be an efficient approach to securing grant/loan
resources and pursuing businesses.
6.3 Continue to use Economic Target Area and Economic Opportunity Area
designations at the lowest exemption threshold, to attract businesses.
The Economic Development Incentive Program allows the community to
offer phased property tax assessments on expansion and new
development projects.
6.4 Review and analyze the existing provision of services in order to set fair
and equitable fees to cover costs, when appropriate. Consider new fees
through enterprise accounts and the potential impacts of such fees on
residents and businesses.
Section 8.5 Open Space & Recreation Goals
Vision Statement
As a result of the Open Space and Recreation Plan’s inventory and analysis, survey
results, Committee deliberations and public forums, the following goals, objectives and
strategies have been developed as a basis for policy decisions:
•
Need to permanently protect and expand unique environments
2007
8-25
•
Need to protect farmland resources
•
Need to improve water quality of Dartmouth’s water resources
•
Need to preserve open space within Dartmouth’s aquifer protection
districts
•
Need to control over-development that impacts the unique quality of the
Town and open space resources
•
Need to protect the Town’s historical resources
•
Need to build a healthy community
•
Need for new recreational facilities including neighborhood playgrounds,
indoor swimming facility, playfields, and town community center
•
Need for new recreational opportunities including public fishing areas and
an equestrian facility
•
Need to respond to special user needs and changes in demographics
•
Need to continue to explore regional open space and recreation initiatives
•
Need to support and encourage private protection efforts
•
Need to merge the activities of the Park and Recreation Departments
•
Need for increased environmental and natural resource education
•
Need for public education of open space and recreational opportunities
•
Need to increase the Park and Recreation budgets to adequately address
maintenance and upgrade of facilities and increased demand for
recreational programming
•
Need to explore new recreational possibilities
Goal One: To provide effective policies and tools to decision makers so as
to protect and enhance those qualities that support open space and
recreational activities within the Town.
1.1 Establish open space preservation and recreation planning as priorities in all
Town decisions and actions.
2007
8-26
1.2 Discourage special permits and use variances.
1.3 Increase community appreciation of the Town's rich resources.
1.4 Acquire the money and/or land necessary to accomplish the goals and
objectives of this Plan.
Goal Two: To conserve and protect the scenic beauty and existing rural
character of the Town.
2.1 Protect and conserve the scenic landscape.
2.2 Protect and conserve forest and farm land.
2.3 Protect and conserve historic villages, buildings and sites.
Goal Three: To preserve, protect, and maintain the quality of the Town's
natural resources.
3.1 Protect the quality of Town water resources.
3.2 Provide extra protection to some of the Town's most fragile natural
resources.
Goal Four: To provide a range of active and passive recreational facilities
and programs to meet changing population and density characteristics
within the Town.
4.1 Increase coordination and cooperation of the Park Board and Recreation
Commission.
4.2 Provide diverse, year-round recreational resources (active and passive) for
all ages and capabilities throughout Town matched to demographics and resident
wishes.
4.3 Increase and improve access to undeveloped land for active use and
passive enjoyment.
4.4 Increase access to and improve water resources for active use and passive
enjoyment.
4.5 Provide recreational programming that fosters life long leisure activities.
2007
8-27
Goal Five: To protect open space and promote recreational opportunities at
the regional level.
5.1 Protect the quality of natural resources from development and influences at
a regional level.
5.2 Pursue the concept and development of a regional Greenway.
Goal Six: To manage and channel growth so as to preserve the unique
quality of the Town and its natural, cultural, and historical resources.
6.1 Protect existing scenic roads, views, and sites.
6.2 Promote regional businesses, such as farming and aquaculture.
6.3 Promote a healthy and livable community that encourages non-vehicular
transportation and passive recreation opportunities.
NOTE: The goals as listed in numerical sequence do not reflect order of
priority.
Section 8.6 Services & Facilities Goals
Vision Statement
The residents and businesses of the Town of Dartmouth enjoy quality municipal
facilities and services. The challenge lies ahead as residential, institutional, and
commercial growth continues and municipal departments must keep up with the
demand that accompanies this growth. With the growth of the town comes more
complex service delivery requirements, and thus Dartmouth is headed for a
critical point in its form of government. The Services and Facilities strategy
supports the short and long term planning efforts of departments, promotes the
best use of existing resources, and eases the financial burden on taxpayers and
users. It must also be recognized that in the past five years Dartmouth has
worked within a tightening municipal budget, with present staffing levels reduced
to a bare bones level. Further cuts are very likely to result in decreased service
levels.
Goal One: Maintain service levels while accommodating growth.
1.1 Continue five-year Capital Improvement Planning (CIP). While this is
a sound practice, it should be realized that the investment in the
2007
8-28
development of these plans is proportional to the how the document
is utilized. If the Town regularly does not fund CIP requests,
departments will focus fewer resources on the development of these
documents.
1.2 Promote long term (15 – 20 year) planning among all the
departments. Some Departments are already engaged in such efforts
as part of their regulatory requirements. Others should be
encouraged to draft a plan based on the growth projections within this
Master Plan.
1.3 Staff GIS at a level that provides maintenance of databases and full
utilization of the GIS system. Use this software to map response
patterns, growth areas, call volumes, and vulnerable populations.
Use this mapping to assess locations for sitting additional or
replacement facilities for police, ambulance and fire and other
services.
Goal Two: Strengthen communication and coordination with the University
of Massachusetts at Dartmouth in order to maintain a mutually
beneficial relationship.
2.1 Establish a planning committee with broad based representation to
review the relationship between the Town and the University (costs
and benefits) and make specific recommendations on ways to
improve communication and coordination. Include an evaluation of
the services the community provides the University and the University
provides the community, and research town-university arrangements
in other Massachusetts communities.
2.2 Review and comment on the University Master Plan, noting the
impacts the University’s development will have on the community and
recommending ways to coordinate actions, and distributing
information to relevant town boards and departments. The Planning
Board should take the lead in this action.
2.3 Incorporate University projections into long term plans, and in
particular, consider thresholds that could trip the need for the town to
invest in new capital items and/or expanded operating costs.
2.4 Investigate the formulae used for calculating PILOT payments for
state facilities to determine if it is fair and reasonable, and look to
recommending alternatives means for these calculations.
Goal Three: Define Upcoming Capital Needs.
2007
8-29
3.1 Consider re-activating the Municipal Land Study Committee and
prepare a more detailed analysis of land and building needs so that if
opportunity arises for land donations, the Town can secure properties
suitable for future needs. A preliminary list of needs generated through
department reporting, is attached and includes:
North Library
North Elementary School
Expanded office space – town hall/public works
Council on Aging – North and expanded main building.
3.2 Set as a goal green building design for all new municipal buildings.
Green building may require more up front costs, but pays for itself over
the building’s lifetime.
Goal Four: Assess System for the Delivery of Fire Services in the Face of
Community Growth and Change
4.1 Work with Fire Districts to create uniformity across districts and to
increase the cooperation and coordination necessary for efficiency.
4.2 Assist the Fire Districts with the transition to a small but expanded fulltime component through inspection fees and other sources.
4.3 Assist the Fire Districts through transitions by providing information
from the Massachusetts Municipal Association and with Mass
Federation of Fire Departments on governing models and processes
for moving from a call service to a paid department.
Goal Five: Assess System for the Delivery of Ambulance Services in the
Face of Community Growth and Change
5.1 Given the changing needs of the community for ambulance services,
re-visit the Ambulance Study Committee Reports of 1993 and 1998.
Evaluate the existing system, study alternative systems in other
communities, and make a recommendation on how Dartmouth can get
the best level of services for its residents at the most efficient cost.
5.2. Establish a system for a regular review of the existing ambulance
services in order to ensure compliance with the contract, document
needs, and track trends.
Goal Six: Provide Efficient, Well Managed, and Environmentally Sound
Water and Wastewater Services.
2007
8-30
6.1 Complete a 20-year Comprehensive Wastewater Management Plan
based on no sewer extensions, the use of package treatment plants as
necessary, and Individual Septic Disposal Systems (ISDS).
6.2 Continue to pursue water independence.
6.3 Make improvements to the water system to support hydraulic
functions, such as closing loops and adding storage.
Goal Seven: Invest in Long-Term Planning for Departments Facing Major
Challenges
7.1 Under the direction of the Waterways Commission, complete a
Harbor and Waterways Management Plan in accordance with MGL
and 301 CMR 23 and in coordination with the Executive Office of
Environmental Affairs and the Coastal Zone Management. Such a
plan shall address: expanding public access and facilities, controlling
waterways use, and regulating emerging uses of waterways.
7.2 Support the COAs engagement in long-term planning. This Agency
will be greatly impacted by the aging of the baby-boomers. While the
2000 Census reported that 15.5 % of Dartmouth’s residents were
over 65 years of age, and 8 % over 75, estimates for 2010 and 2020
indicate large increases in these age groups. According to the
Massachusetts Department of Elderly Affairs, by 2010 the over 65
population in Dartmouth will increase by 8.8 % and by 2020 by 46.5%
over the 2000 figure.4
7.3 Continue to implement recommendations in the 2002 Open Space
and Recreation Plan and the 2005 Affordable Housing Strategy.
Section 8.7 Transportation and Circulation Goals
Vision Statement
Dartmouth’s transportation infrastructure needs to provide all members of the
population with a safe, efficient way to get from one place to another. New road
construction projects, as well as maintenance and upgrades of existing roads
must not only take automobile drivers into account, but also pedestrians,
bicyclists and mass transit riders. Congestion mitigating techniques that interact
with the commercial developments prevalent in the town, along with new facilities
4
http://www.mass.gov/Eelders/docs/aging_stat_by_town_04.xls
2007
8-31
for automobile-alternative modes are imperative to improving the existing
transportation system.
The Town of Dartmouth has developed the following six goals in order to improve
safety and congestion on its transportation system, as well as to expand it to
offer more transportation choices for its residents.
Goal One: Town boards must take traffic impacts into account when
evaluating zoning changes. When zoning laws are revised, transportation
facilities of every mode must be upgraded to accommodate new
development.
1.1 Integrate transportation planning into the rezoning process to identify
transportation system needs that are associated with different land uses.
1.2 Upgrade all modes of transportation appropriately to meet demand that
new land uses will incur during the rezoning process. Necessary
roadway reconstruction and widening, sidewalk construction, bikeway
construction and transit service extensions and adjustments should all
be considered prior to any official rezoning in the town.
1.3 Identify intersections that could be affected by future zoning changes
and mandate setbacks for developments from these intersections in
order to allow for future intersection widening. Encourage developments
at these intersections to use side or rear parking to help minimize
setbacks and improve pedestrian accessibility.
Goal Two: Reduce traffic congestion and improve air quality throughout
the town using congestion-mitigating techniques.
2.1 Perform a detailed study of the Faunce Corner Road/Route 6
Commercial District congestion issues. Based on the findings of this
study, implement measures that will improve traffic flow in this area
by reducing congestion at intersections.
2.2 Relocate Tucker Road to meet with Hathaway Road and Route 6 as
a four-way intersection. This relocation would allow for more storage
between the Faunce Corner Road intersection and the existing
Tucker Road intersection. Severe congestion along Route 6
between Hathaway Road and Faunce Corner Road would be more
effectively managed and intersection level of service at both
intersections would be improved. The map under recommendation
1.2 shows several relocation alternatives.
2.3 Reconstruct the Faunce Corner Road bridge over Interstate 195 and
widen it to include four lanes and deceleration lanes. Plan, design
2007
8-32
and construct a full cloverleaf interchange at this location or at a
minimum a new ramp from Faunce Corner Road northbound to I-195
westbound. Include bicycle and pedestrian connections on the new
bridge.
Faunce Corner Road @ I-195 Interchange Improvements
2.4 Redesign and construct a new intersection at Routes 6 and 177 and
Beeden Road to improve access and safety at this location and to
better accommodate bicyclists and pedestrians. Require that future
developers to the immediate area assist in the funding of this project
through impact fees.
2007
8-33
Route 6 @ Route 177 / Beeden Road Improvements Alternatives
2.5 Strongly encourage internal automobile and pedestrian connections
between adjacent businesses and commercial developments. These
connections should closely follow guidelines in the Manual on
Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) and sound engineering
judgment in regards to the placement of traffic control devices and
site distance issues. Clearly mark destinations on these connections
and include sidewalks and shoulders for bicyclists with them in order
to encourage people to park once.
2.6 Discourage drive thru windows at new businesses where deemed
unnecessary. When drive thru windows are deemed necessary,
incorporate drive-thru window standards to protect roadway capacity
from inappropriate, poorly designed drive-thru facilities. This would
also include appropriate placement of microphone equipment and
proximity of queue lane to parking spaces.
2.7 Incorporate curb-cut bylaws to protect traffic flows from poorly
designed and placed driveways, particularly along busy commercial
corridors such as Faunce Corner Road and Route 6.
2.8 Require that all new and redeveloped commercial plazas and single
developments over 60,000 square feet include standard SRTA bus
shelters turn offs as well as taxi stands with good pedestrian
connections leading to them, encouraging people to walk to stores
2007
8-34
and then take taxis or buses back home. Existing commercial
developments should be given incentive to include these as well.
2.9 Review UMASS’s 20-year plan and identify what impacts additions
and expansions will have on the existing transportation system
capacity. Ensure that the town is actively involved in decisionmaking at UMASS and encourage expansions oriented on bicycle,
pedestrian and transit travel.
Goal Three: Improve the safety of the entire transportation system within
the town.
3.1 Study and implement corrective measures at intersections and along
roadways that have higher than acceptable crash rates, as identified in
the existing conditions section. Identify the problems associated with
these high crash rates in order to better correct them.
3.2 Relocate Tucker Road to meet as a four-way intersection with
Hathaway Road at Route 6. High crash rates at Hathaway Road as
well as intersection congestion along Route 6 suggest that this
alternative would be the most viable to solve both issues. The
following image displays the recommended relocation:
Suggested Relocation of Tucker Road/Hathaway Road
2007
8-35
3.3 Ensure that sufficient funding is set aside on an annual basis for the
routine maintenance of pavement markings and road surfaces
throughout the town. A list of where pavement markings are worn or
missing and where pavement surfaces are distressed should be
developed in order to prioritize the use of these funds.
3.4 Implement a policy to require an engineering review of all proposed
traffic control devices prior to their installation. Signal warrants and
stop sign warrants should be met before any new traffic control devices
are installed.
3.5 Study and implement corrective measures at locations where bicycle
and pedestrian crashes have occurred in the past, as identified in the
existing conditions section. Identify, along with these locations other
areas where pedestrian and bicycle activity is high but inadequate
facilities exist (i.e. lack of sidewalks, lack of shoulder, etc.) For
roadways deemed too dangerous by safety officers to include bicycle
or pedestrian facilities, parallel roadways should be considered instead
for use by bicyclists and pedestrians.
3.6 Under the Safe Routes to Schools Program administered by
MASSRIDES, implement a campaign to educate bicyclists, pedestrians
and motorists on the rules of the road in order to cut down on crashes
caused by jaywalking, failure to yield, riding/walking on the wrong side
of the road, etc.
3.7 Implement corrective measures along roadway sections where poor
drainage has been linked to a high number of vehicular crashes,
according to the SRPEDD Geographic Roadway Runoff Inventory
Program.
3.8 Require developers to provide adequate roadway lighting on and off
project locations as well as the maintenance of this lighting where
appropriate in Town.
Goal Four: Encourage land use changes that have positive impacts on the
existing transportation system capacity
4.1 Concentrate mixed-use development in areas within ¼ mile of fixed
route transit service or proposed service extensions on brownfield or
greyfield sites. Dense residential and mixed-use retail/residential
developments with connections to adjacent properties should be given
preference over low-density developments near fixed route transit
service. Bicycle and pedestrian facilities within and around any new
developments should be included where possible. For sites where
2007
8-36
transit service extensions are a possibility, private developers should
pay a subsidy for the operating expenses to extend service to their
sites. These expenses would be negotiated with SRTA.
4.2 Promote higher density commercial or mixed-use development in
areas that currently meet the needs of bicyclists and pedestrians. This
would include along roadways with existing sidewalks and adequate
shoulder widths for bicycle use.
4.3 Develop and implement zoning regulations to support and encourage
bicycling, walking and transit use. Mixed-use zones and transitoriented development zones could be possible designations, with
density and walkability being primary concerns.
Goal Five: Work with the Southeastern Regional Transit Authority to
improve existing fixed route transit service in the town to capture more
potential riders. Expand existing service to areas that show potential for
transit use.
5.1 Increase nighttime and early morning service on the 9 and 10 buses
to better accommodate retail work hours. Add Sunday service,
especially during the holiday season, to better accommodate both
retail shopping hours and work hours.
5.2 Request SRTA-funded route evaluations on all fixed-route service in
the town and determine possible adjustments and extensions to
service that would be cost-effective and feasible.
5.3 Encourage the use of transit by retail employees by implementing a
reduced fare program for them and limiting parking. Congestion
Mitigation/Air Quality Improvement funding from the federal
government as well as other Federal Transit Administration funds
could be utilized as a start-up to these programs.
5.4 Encourage subsidized transit passes to all UMASS Dartmouth
students to discourage automobile use to access retail destinations in
the town from the school. Bus fares could be included into
mandatory student activity fees and school ID cards could be used as
bus passes.
5.5 Organize a town-appointed Commuter Rail Study Committee to
identify the impact of the proposed Commuter Rail Extension to Fall
River and New Bedford. Investigate better transportation
connections to proposed station sites in both cities, including new
SRTA routes and bicycle/pedestrian connections.
2007
8-37
Goal Six: Create a network of bicycle and pedestrian facilities in the town to
encourage more residents to use biking and walking as their means of
daily transportation.
6.1 Identify any and all right-of-ways and/or existing easements in the
town that could physically accommodate Class I bikeways (separated
bi-directional bike paths) and determine uses and availability of these
right-of-ways for bike path development. Active and inactive rail rightof-ways and utility easements should be included.
6.2 Organize a town-appointed Bicycle and Pedestrian Committee to
address the needs of bicyclists and pedestrians and to plan for new
and improved bicycle and pedestrian facilities in the town.
6.3 Create a network of off road (Class I) and on road (Class II and III)
bicycle paths to connect to Westport, Fall River and New Bedford.
This would be a critical link between existing facilities to either side of
the town in both Fall River and New Bedford and would help to realize
a South Coast Bikeway in which bicycling from Providence, RI to Cape
Cod would be possible. Potential right-of-ways could include the
Dartmouth Industrial Line (operated on by CSXT) and possible on-road
facilities could include Reed Road, Old County Road to Old Westport
Road to Chase Road to Russells Mills Road to Rogers Street to
Panadaram Avenue to the Hurricane Barrier. This route would connect
the east and west town borders and serve as a cross-town route to
connect existing facilities in either direction.
6.4 Require facilities for pedestrians and bicyclists in all new roadway
construction and all existing roadways improvements or reconstruction.
Where inadequate funding becomes an issue, reduce the limits of
roadway reconstruction so additional money will be available for
sidewalks or bike lanes, etc.
6.5 Require that all new residential subdivisions include sidewalks and
adequate shoulder width for bicyclists where appropriate. For new
subdivisions along collector or arterial roadways identified with high
pedestrian demand (see 5.5), mandate that the developer construct
sidewalks and bicycle facilities along those collectors or arterials.
6.6 Work with SRPEDD to create a master list of collector and arterial
roadways that would have the highest demand for pedestrian facilities
(mainly sidewalks and crosswalks). This list would be based on their
proximity to schools, transit, elderly services, major retail and medical
facilities. Major roadways located within ½ of two or more of these trip
2007
8-38
generators should be top priority, and would include the following
roadways as a start to this list:
Slocum Rd (Hawthorn St to Stratford Dr,
Hathaway Rd to Route 6)
Hixville Rd (Village Dr to Faunce Corner Rd)
Route 6 (Walbrook St to Reed Rd)
Allen St (Plain St to New Bedford line)
Rockland St (Williams St to Memorial Ave)
Old Westport Rd (Sharon Dr to UMASS)
Route 6 Developments Internal Circulation (N.
Dartmouth Mall to Walmart)
Elm Street (South of Cottage St)
6.7 Implement pedestrian improvements
at intersections throughout the town.
This could include, based on sound
engineering judgment, pedestrianactuated signals that make an
intersection red for every approach,
countdown clocks for pedestrian
signals, refuge medians on wide
and/or busy roadways and pedestrian yield signs like those
pictured to the right coupled with right-turn signals.
6.8 Implement pedestrian improvements along roadways at mid-block
locations. These improvements could include bump-outs with
crosswalks in areas with on-street parking, refuge medians on wide
and/or busy roadways, adequate sidewalks width and condition,
adequate roadway lighting and the maintenance of snow-removal
during the winter months. The placement of crosswalks at mid-block
locations should only be done using sound engineering and police
judgment based on the overall safety of the location.
“Smart Growth” alternative to Goal One: Town boards need to consider the
existing transportation system when making zoning revisions. Zoning revisions
should consider any added stress on the transportation system capacity. Zoning
revisions should only increase demand for non-automobile forms of
transportation infrastructure, such as bikeways, sidewalks and fixed route transit.
2007
8-39