Unit 5 y 6. Animals. Natural Science 1º ESO

Unit 5 y 6. Animals Science 1º ESO
Unit 5 y 6. Animals.
Adapted from Natural Science. 1º ESO. Anaya
Natural Science 1º ESO
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Unit 5 y 6. Animals Science 1º ESO
INDEX
1. VOCABULARY........................................................................ 1
2. VOCABULARIO...................................................................... 2
3. UNIT CHART........................................................Cover and 3
4. UNIT ACTIVITIES AND NOTES.................................... 4-14
1. VOCABULARY UNIT 5 y 6. ANIMALS
Here you have 5 key words of this Unit. You have to study
them. If you include more definition in your notebook (4 MORE
AT LEAST), you will have extra points in your notebook marks.
1. VERTEBRATE: Animal that has a spinal cord
2. OVIPAROUS. When animals produces eggs that contain
their young. Example chicken, ant, frog…
3. VIVIPAROUS. When animals give birth to fully
developed babies. Example: deer, cow, lion, kangaroo…
4. POIKILOTHERM. Organism whose body temperature is
not constant. Example, snake, snail, turtle, spider…
5. Homoeothermic. Organism whose body temperature is
constant independently of the temperature around it.
Example: Seal, Eagle, penguin, duck, parrot
Write
Write
Write
Write
10
10
10
10
examples
examples
examples
examples
of
of
of
of
viviparous animals
oviparous animals
Poikilotherm animals
homeotherm animals
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Unit 5 y 6. Animals Science 1º ESO
2- VOCABULARIO TEMA 5 Y 6 ANIMALES
De cada palabra escribe su definición, un ejemplo si te lo pido
y su traducción al inglés. No olvides incluirlo en tu cuaderno.
1. Metamorfosis. Ejemplo
2. Exoesqueleto. Ejemplo de animal que lo tenga.
3. Vivíparo. Ejemplo
4. Ovíparo. Ejemplo
5. Ovovivíparo. Ejemplo
6. Vejiga natatoria. Ejemplo de animal que la tenga
7. Poiquilotermo. Ejemplo
8. Homeotermo. Ejemplo
9. Quilla. Ejemplo de animal que la tenga.
10. Placenta. Ejemplo de animal que la tenga
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Unit 5 y 6. Animals Science 1º ESO
3. UNIT’S CHART
1. Look the diagram on the cover and add the following terms in the appropriate place:
Frog, Penguin, Platypus, deer, tadpole, kangaroo, seal, sparrow, eagle, duck, cow,
tortoise, alligator, and sardine.
2. Reptiles are classified into which groups?
3. And Birds?
4. And Mammals?
5. What is the difference between a cartilaginous fish and bony fish? Examples of each
4. BASIC CONCEPTS. ACTIVITIES AND NOTES.
DESCRIBING ANIMALS.
Here you have some useful words to describe the bodies of animals:
 According to the place they live they can be land animals or aquatic animals. There
are also parasitic animals.
 Regarding the size of the animal we can use these adjectives: large, small, medium
sized...
 Shape. Animals can be round like an urchin, long like a worm, flat like a fish...


A mammal’s body can be divided into a head, a trunk and limbs while an insect’s body
includes a head, a thorax and an abdomen.
We can distinguish different kinds of limbs: legs for walking, wings for flying and fins
for swimming.. Human beings have fingernails but cats have claws which are sharper
and longer. Horses have hooves.
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Unit 5 y 6. Animals Science 1º ESO

Many mammals have a tail, the octopus has tentacles and many arthropods have
antennae.
 Our skin is covered in hair but fishes and reptiles have scales. Birds are covered in
feathers and can also be recognised by their beaks.
Inside our bodies there are bones. Other animals haven’t got bones; their bodies are soft or
are protected by a shell; a very hard shell like those of molluscs or not so hard like the shells of
insects or prawns. The vertebrates have got backbone and the invertebrate haven’t got it.
There are several respiratory systems by which animals feed themselves. Aquatic animals use
gills to breathe but land animals have lungs. Land arthropods have a net of tiny pipes called
tracheae.
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Unit 5 y 6. Animals Science 1º ESO
Fertilization, that is the union of sexual cells, can take place in the environment (external
fertilization) or inside the female’s body (internal fertilization). The internal one is more
common for land animals. The embryo develops inside an egg, either outside the mother’s
body (oviparous animals) or inside the mother’s body (viviparous animals).
1. In complete sentences, describe a grasshopper using the correct words from this list. (20
words) long, small, pink, jump, wings, fins, green, invertebrate, short, vertebrate, big, swim,
aquatic, land, red, mollusc, insect, fly
Example: A grasshopper is green.
2.
Try to describe an spider a butterfly
3- Choose an animal you are interested in and make a card using the following descriptions (
EXTRA POINT):
Common name and scientific name.
Classification
Description (parts of the body, size, colours, main features...).
Abilities (jump, climb, run, hunt, fly…).
Food.
Enemies
Habitat and location (country, continent).
Population. Is it endangered?
Abilities (jump, climb, run, hunt, fly…).
Example
It is very good at running and
Common name and scientific name.
jumping.
Cat/Felis Catus
Food.
Classification
It eats lots of meat like mice,
Kingdom Animalia. Mammal
insects and birds.
Description (parts of the body, size,
Enemies
colours, main features...).
Its enemies include dogs, wolves
It has got four legs, fur, a tail,
and foxes.
whiskers and a nose
Habitat and location (country, continent).
It can be many different colours
It is located all over the world.
but mainly white, black, orange and brown.
Population. Is it endangered?
It is not very big. It is usually
It is not endangered.
smaller than a dog.
VERTEBRATES AND INVERTEBRATES
Depending on their backbone or spinal column we can distinguish two groups:
 Vertebrates. Animals that have got a backbone. It is a part of an internal skeleton.
 Invertebrates. Animals that have not got an internal skeleton with a backbone. Some of
them have not got a skeleton (like worms and jelly-fish) and others have got an external
skeleton (like insects, spiders, and crabs).
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Unit 5 y 6. Animals Science 1º ESO
NAMES OF ANIMALS
Activity 3. You have to know ALL these animals. Write the translation next to each one.
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Unit 5 y 6. Animals Science 1º ESO
Activity 4. Classify all the animals from the list into vertebrates and invertebrates
Animal Parts Odd One Out
Activity 5. Circle the three animals that are the same and explain what they have in common:
(a) fish
(b) lizard
(c) bear
(d) snake
Fish, lizards, and snakes all have scales, but bears don’t.
(a) hermit crab
(b) scorpion
(c) lobster
(d) rattle snake
(a) polar bear
(b) fish
(c) cat
(d) beaver
(a) cow
(b) dog
(c) cat
(d) black bear
(a) goldfish
(b) snail
(c) turtle
(d) armadillo
(a) cow
(b) horse
(c) polar bear
(d) sheep
(a) boar
(b) elephant
(c) rhino
(d) walrus
(a) zebra
(b) leopard
(c) tiger
(d) coral snake
(a) zebra
(b) anemone
(c) jellyfish
(d) squid
(a) tadpole
INVERTEBRATES.
(b) frog
(c) shark
(d) angelfish
All animals that do not have an internal skeleton with a spine are classified as invertebrates.
The group of invertebrates is divided into many smaller groups:
Sponges/esponjas. These are very simple animals, they can’t move and their bodies are soft
and porous.
Cnidarian/cnidarios are corals, anemones and jellyfish. They have sack-like bodies with
tentacles.
Worms/gusanos are long animals with soft bodies; they have no legs. There are aquatic
worms and land worms, and some of them are parasites.
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Unit 5 y 6. Animals Science 1º ESO
Arthropods/artrópodos. They have a segmented body with appendages. All arthropods are
covered by a hard exoskeleton. Periodically, as an arthropod grows it sheds this covering. Most
animals in the world are arthropods, a very important group that includes:
o Arachnids/arácnidos (spiders): Land animals with the body divided into two different parts
and eight legs.
Insects/insectos (flies, mosquitoes, wasps, bees, ants, beetles, butterflies, crickets,
grasshoppers...) Their bodies are divided into three different parts: head, thorax and abdomen.
They have two antennae, six legs and often four wings.
o Myriapods/miriápodos (centipedes): they are land creatures and are shaped like worms but
they have many pairs of legs.
o Crustaceans/crustáceos (crabs, prawns...). Most of them are aquatic animals and have four
antennae and many legs. Some legs are used to swim, other legs are for walking, some legs
look like claws...
Molluscs have soft bodies and most of them also have a shell. That’s why they are
sometimes called shellfish. There are three types of molluscs:
o Gastropods/gasterópodos (snails) have a spiral-shaped shell with a single valve, except for
slugs.
o Bivalves/bivalvos (clams, mussels, cockles) have two valves.
o Cephalopods/cefálopodos (squid, octopus) have tentacles on their heads and they don’t
have a shell to cover their bodies.
Equinoderms include sea urchin and starfish. They have a spine and layers which form a hard
shell.
Activity 6.
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Unit 5 y 6. Animals Science 1º ESO
Activity 7.
VERTEBRATES
Mammals and birds are warm-blooded, which means that they can make their own
body heat even when it is cold outside.
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Unit 5 y 6. Animals Science 1º ESO
Cold-blooded animals, like reptiles, amphibians, and fish, become hotter and colder,
depending on the temperature outside
Activity 8. Complete the following table
Limbs
shapes
Skin
covering
Temperature
control
Type
of Type of Type
of
breathing
diet
reproduction
Mammals
Birds
Reptiles
Amphibians
Fish
Activity 9. Graph A and Graph B show the body temperature of an animal over several hours.
Which graph represents a warm blooded
animal? Explain.
Which graph represents a cold blooded
animal? Explain.
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Unit 5 y 6. Animals Science 1º ESO
Name a vertebrate that could be represented by:
Graph A: _____________ Graph B: _______________
Activity 10. Answer the following questions
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Give the name of a mammal that has got fins...................................................................
Do all birds fly? If not, give the name of one that cannot fly......................................
What have a turtle and a duck got in common?..................................................................
Why cannot a whale stay under the water for a long time?..............................................
What is the main difference between a tadpole and a fry?....................................
What are the main similarities between a tadpole and a fry?............................
What have a dolphin and a turtle got in common?...............................................
How can a frog get oxygen?
MAMMALS
1. Match the words on the left column with the sentences on the right
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Bat
Whale
Womb
Warm-blooded
Ear
Sweat gland
Backbone
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
It is the place where young mammals grow
It is part of the internal skeleton
With this organ mammals can hear
They are mammals that can fly
They are mammals that live in sea
It is a gland that makes body temperature decrease
They are animals with constant temperature
2. Fill the gaps with the following words from the list
aquatic terrestrial bats whales ears milk four insulator womb environment warmblooded viviparous neck diet wings smooth lips hair mobility glands fins
Most
of
mammals
are
....................................animals.
But
dolphins
are
.....................................animals and ..............................................are mammals that can fly. The
head of mammals is close to the trunk by the............................................... Mammals are the
only vertebrates that have got...........................................................
Mammals have got ......................................limbs. The limbs are adapted to the kind
of.................................. The limbs are legs in terrestrial mammals, ......................................... in
aquatic mammals, and.................................... in bats.
Most mammals have got .....................covering their body. It is useful as a
temperature.............................. Aquatic mammals, like................................., have got fins and
a......................................... skin with no hair. The teeth of mammals are different depending on
their................................ They have got........................ and teeth in their mouth. Mammals
have got many ..................................... ; like the mammary glands which
produce................................... All the mammals are ........................................animals. They
keep
their
body
temperature
constant
and
independent
of
the
..............................................The
young
mammals
grow
inside
the
mother’s........................................., so they are ...................................animals
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Unit 5 y 6. Animals Science 1º ESO
Answer the following questions
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
What kind of limbs have dolphins got?.................................................................................
How does a horse breathe?.............................................................................................
What does warm-blooded mean?........................................................................................
Give an example of omnivorous mammal....................................................................
What is the importance of hair in mammals?.............................................................
Do the young mammals eat for themselves?..................................................................
How does a whale breathe?...............................................................................................
What is the function of mammary glands? ...............................................................
What is the name of mammals which eat plants? ..........................................................
BIRDS
Match the words in the left column with the words on the right
1
2
3
4
5
Skeleton
Oviparous
Feather
Beak
Chest bone
A
B
C
D
E
It covers the main part of a bird body
It is very developed as a keel
It has very lightweight bones
It depends on the kind of food.
It means that they lay eggs
Fill the gaps with the following words from the list
trunk hollow scales chestbone four feathers keel teeth air sacs fore lightweight
lungs aerodynamic beak flight
The birds bodies have an................................... shape, so they can fly. The head is close to
the............................ by the neck. Birds have got four limbs. The back limbs are legs
with........................
fingers,
and
covered
by..................................
The................................................. limbs are wings The birds body are covered
with............................................................
The skeleton of birds has very.......................... bones, and they are..................For this reason
their bodies are light. The sternum or ................................is very developed as
a.................................... for the attachment of strong flight muscles that move the wings. Birds
have got a hornlike ....................................and they have not got..................................Birds
............................ connect with cavities filled with air, called...................................... All this
benefits the breathing and the .....................................
Answer the following questions
1. What
is
the
reason
of
the
aerodynamic
shape
body
of
birds?.....................................................
2. Why are the birds bones hollow?......................................................................................
3. What kind of fertilization have birds got?......................................................................
4. Have birds got beak or teeth?.....................................................................................
5. Are young birds born from eggs or from live birth?...................................................
6. How is the temperature of birds in relation to their environment?
..........................................................................
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Unit 5 y 6. Animals Science 1º ESO
7. What
is
the
name
of
the
structures
body?...........................................................................
which
cover
the
bird’s
ENDANGERED SPECIES.
An endangered species is an organism which is at risk of extinction, usually because of human
activity. Hunting, fishing and destroying ecosystems are the main causes. Many nations have
laws to protect these species: for example, forbidding hunting or creating reserves. But only a
few of the threatened species obtain legal protection; many species become extinct without
appearing on the news.
SWIMMING WITH WHALES
(Text of the animation from Greenpeace)
This is the humpback whale.
These whales have their name because of
their hump.
It is easily spotted when diving.
These whales can be very inquisitive.
They can grow to 15 metres in length.
This is an orca whale, also known as a killer
whale.
They are very clever hunters. They hunt in
large groups.
They use complex whistles and calls to
catch their preys.
These whales can grow to 10 metres in
length.
That is more than three times the size of
this orca here.
The sperm whale. This is a large whale that
grows to 18 metres.
Hundred of sperm whales may travel
together on the surface of the water.
They usually dive very deep, up to 3 km
down, to feed on squid and fish.
The blue whale.
These whales are the largest mammals on
Earth. They can grow to 33 metres.
These whales are still endangered, after
decades of hunting by humans.
The minke whale.
This is a small whale that grows to 10
metres.
This whale is still killed today by Japanese
and Norwegian whalers.
There is an international ban on killing ALL
whales.
EXERCISES:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Write the names of the whales on the animation.
How long is a humpback whale?
How do whales communicate each other?
Which whale dives very deep? What is it looking for?
Which whale is the largest one?
Are whales peaceful or aggressive animals?
What is a whaler?
Which countries don't respect the ban on killing whales?
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