docNUTRITION STANDARDS TOOLKIT
download 
Report Transcription
NUTRITION STANDARDS TOOLKIT
NUTRITION STANDARDS TOOLKIT WHY DEVELOP NUTRITION STANDARDS POLICY? There are various benefits of developing a nutrition standards policy for your organization/group. For one, access to healthier food items can increase opportunities for developing healthier lifestyles. You are demonstrating that healthier food options are important to your organization, its partners, and local residents. Research has demonstrated that families would prefer healthier options as opposed to unhealthier ones. Providing healthier options may make your organization be viewed as a safe location. Your organization may be eligible to be recognized as an official partner of the City’s “Choose Health” initiative. This initiative provides local organizations with free resources (see ATTACHMENT “F”) and special recognition opportunities (including prominence at a City Council meeting, City’s website, and on the City’s Public Access channel). WHAT KIND OF POLICIES CAN BE DEVELOPED? The focus of this initiative is to increase access to healthier food options for children and families. Pretty much ANY policy language that helps articulate this will suffice. You do not have to make it difficult! It can be very easy! For example, ATTACHMENT “A” contains sample policies developed and adopted at local partnership sites. DO YOU HAVE SPECIFIC POLICY LANGUAGE FOR DEVLOPING HEALTHIER VENDING MACHINE STANDARDS? Yes, the City as included this in its Citywide policy as well. The City has developed a policy for snacks and drinks provided in vending machines that are aligned with State Standards. See ATTACHMENT “B” for vending machine policy language. WHAT OTHER RESOURCES ARE AVAILABLE ATTACHMENT “C”: Brief list snacks and drinks compliant with state standards ATTACHMENT “D”: NPLAN’s Healthy Food Zone ordinance template ATTACHMENT “E”: Copy of City of Rancho Cucamonga’s policy ATTACHMENT “A” EXAMPLES OF ORGANIZATIONAL POLICIES TO INCREASE ACCESS TO HEALTHIER FOOD OPTIONS “Healthy snacks may be available for the girls at some sessions. Parents will be consulted about any food allergies when girls are enrolled. Soda, chips and sweet pastries are not encouraged. Mentors may decide on simple snacks such as fruit. Water should always be available.” - Women on the Move Network “During after-school and summer lunch programs, the Northtown Community Center will only provide children healthier snack and drink options. Alternative snacks will not be encouraged.” - Northtown Housing Development Corporation “The Heritage Farmer’s Market strongly supports locally grown fruits and vegetables. Although a diversity of options will be available at the market, Heritage will give priority to vendors who are farmers and sell locally grown produce.” - Heritage Education Group “Only USDA approved meals, snacks, and drinks will be provided to all youth attending camps.” - Campfire USA ATTACHMENT B POLICY LANGUAGE FOR VENDING MACHINES Snacks At least _______% of snacks sold in vending machines shall meet the following specified nutrition standards based on nationally recognized and accepted guidelines outlines in SB 12 and SB 965 (specific requirements for all snack food and beverages provided in California elementary, middle, and high schools). - Have no more than 35% of its calories from total fat (with the exclusion of nuts and seeds; snack mixes and other foods of which nuts and seeds are a part must meet the 35% standard). - Have no more than 10% of its calories from saturated fat (excluding eggs and individual cheese packages) - Have no more than 35% total sugar by weight (excluding fruits and vegetables) - Have no more than 250 calories per serving or per portion Beverages At least _______% of beverages sold in vending machines shall meet the following specified nutrition standards (“state standards”): - Drinking water without added sweeteners - Beverages that contain 50% fruit and vegetable juices without added sweeteners - 100% fruit or vegetable juices - 2%, 1% or nonfat milk, soy milk, rice milk, and other similar nondairy milk - Electrolyte Replacement beverages that contains no more than 42 grams of added sweetener per 20-ounce serving - Other non-caloric beverages, such as coffee and tea ATTACHMENT F “Choose Health” Promotional Resources “Choose Health” Vending Machine Banner: This promotional item can be placed on the top of vending machines to remind individuals about the importance of making a healthier choice and increase campaign awareness. “Choose Health” Table Tent: can be placed anywhere where food items are served and/or provided. “Choose Health” Decals: commonly placed on products or food items that meet nutritional standards. Also used on vending machine selection code to highlight options that meet the nutrition standards. “Choose Health” poster: often used in facilities that provide/sell healthier food options. Page 1 SAMPLE APPROVED FOOD LIST FOR VENDING County of Los Angeles-Public Health, Nutrition Program TEST PERIOD (Version 1.0b -- June 1, 2007) Note: Enter data into the blue cells. The gray cells show calculated values, and the white cells show if the food products meet the LA County food guidelines. The tool will automatically calculate the food product's weight in grams if you enter the package size in ounces. Or you may enter weight in grams directly into a cell in column C. Fat (Grams) Fruit? (Y/N) Fat (Calories) Percent Calories From Fat (<= 35%) 100 3.0 N N 27.0 27.0% 0.5 4.5 4.5% 23.0 100 3.0 N N 27.0 27.0% 1.0 9.0 0.74 21.0 100 3.0 N N 27.0 27.0% 1.0 0.77 21.8 100 3.0 N N 27.0 27.0% Weight (Grams) Total Calories (<= 200) 0.8 22.7 0.81 100 Calorie Packs-Kraft Cheese Nips Thin Crisps 100 Calorie Packs-Wheat Thins Chips Minis Food Product 100 calorie Nabisco Planters Peanut Butter Cookie Crisps 100 Calorie Packs-Chips Ahoy! Thin Crisps Percent Calories Trans Fat From (Grams) Saturated Fat (<= 10%) Nut? (Y/N) Package Size (Ounces) Sugar (Grams) Percent Sugar By Weight (<= 35%) Sodium (<= 360 mg) Meets All Guidelines 0.0 7.0 30.9% 160 Yes 9.0% 0.0 7.0 30.5% 140 Yes 9.0 9.0% 0.0 0.0 0.0% 230 Yes 0.0 0.0 0.0% 0.0 2.0 9.2% 230 Yes Saturated Fat Saturated Fat (Grams) (Calories) 100 Calorie Packs-Honey Maid Thin Crisps 100 Calorie Packs-Oreo Thin Crisps 100 calorie Nabisco Ritz Chips minis 0.81 23.0 100 2.0 N N 18.0 18.0% 0.0 0.0 0.0% 0.0 7.0 30.5% 170 Yes 0.81 23.0 100 2.0 N N 18.0 18.0% 0.0 0.0 0.0% 0.0 8.0 34.8% 160 Yes 0.79 22.4 100 2.8 Y N 25.2 25.2% 0.0 0.0 0.0% 0.0 2.0 8.9% 230 Yes 3 Musketeers Brownie Bar 1.28 36.3 140 4.5 N N 40.5 28.9% 1.5 13.5 9.6% 0.0 12.0 33.1% 55 Yes 1.4 39.7 170 5.0 N N 45.0 26.5% 1.0 9.0 5.3% 0.0 2.0 5.0% 310 Yes 1.38 39.1 170 4.0 N N 36.0 21.2% 1.0 9.0 5.3% 0.0 2.0 5.1% 300 Yes 0.7 19.8 120 4.5 N N 40.5 33.8% 0.5 4.5 3.8% 0.0 1.0 5.0% 210 Yes 1 28.4 120 3.0 N N 27.0 22.5% 0.0 0.0 0.0% 0.0 2.0 7.1% 230 Yes 1.13 32.0 140 3.0 N N 27.0 19.3% 0.5 4.5 3.2% 0.0 2.0 6.2% 230 Yes 1.13 32.0 140 3.0 N N 27.0 19.3% 0.5 4.5 3.2% 0.0 3.0 9.4% 230 Yes Baked Doritos-Cooler Ranch Baked Doritos-Nacho Cheesier Baked Hot Cheetos Baked Lays KC Masterpiece BBQ Baked Lays KC Masterpiece BBQ Baked Lays Sour Cream & Onion Whole Grain? (Y/N) Page 2 Food Product Baked Lays Sour Cream & Onion Baked Lays-Original Baked Lays-Original Baked Ruffles -Cheddar Sour Cream Baked Ruffles Original Barbara's Granola Bars Carob chip Barbara's Granola Bars Cinnamon Raisin Barbara's Granola Bars Oats 'n Honey Barbara's Granola Bars Peanut Butter Bare Fruit 100% Organic Apple Chips Basil's America Animal Snackers Basil's Ginger Snaps Low Fat Percent Calories Trans Fat From (Grams) Saturated Fat (<= 10%) Fat (Grams) Nut? (Y/N) Fruit? (Y/N) Fat (Calories) Percent Calories From Fat (<= 35%) 120 3.0 N N 27.0 22.5% 0.0 0.0 0.0% 130 110 1.5 1.5 N N N N 13.5 13.5 10.4% 12.3% 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0% 0.0% Package Size (Ounces) Weight (Grams) Total Calories (<= 200) 1 28.4 1.125 1 31.9 28.4 Saturated Fat Saturated Fat (Grams) (Calories) Sugar (Grams) Percent Sugar By Weight (<= 35%) Sodium (<= 360 mg) Meets All Guidelines 0.0 3.0 10.6% 240 Yes 0.0 0.0 2.0 2.0 6.3% 7.1% 170 170 Yes Yes 1.125 31.9 140 4.0 N N 36.0 25.7% 0.5 4.5 3.2% 0.0 3.0 9.4% 250 Yes 1.12 31.8 140 3 N N 27.0 19.3% 0.5 4.5 3.2% 0.0 2.0 6.3% 2 Yes 0.75 21.3 80 2.0 N N 18.0 22.5% 0.0 0.0 0.0% 0.0 7.0 32.9% 0 Yes 0.75 21.3 80 2.0 N N 18.0 22.5% 0.0 0.0 0.0% 0.0 7.0 32.9% 0 Yes 0.75 21.3 80 2.0 N N 18.0 22.5% 0.0 0.0 0.0% 0.0 6.0 28.2% 0 Yes 0.75 21.3 80 3.0 N N 27.0 33.8% 0.0 0.0 0.0% 0.0 6.0 28.2% 0 Yes 0.62 17.6 43 0.0 N Y 0.0 0.0% 0.0 0.0 0.0% 0.0 10.0 56.9% 15 Yes 2.125 60.2 97 2.0 N N 18.0 18.6% 0.5 4.5 4.6% 0.0 7.0 11.6% 50 Yes 2.13 60.4 110 2.5 N N 22.5 20.5% 1.0 9.0 8.2% 0.0 8.0 13.2% 45 Yes Blazin Hot Pretzel Poppers 1 28.4 120 3 N N 27.0 22.5% 0.5 4.5 3.8% 0.0 1.0 3.5% 55 Yes Blue Bunny Tigger Twisters 1.75 49.6 100 3 N N 27.0 27.0% 0.5 4.5 4.5% 0.0 13.0 26.2% 50 Yes 0.77 21.8 60 0.0 N N 0.0 0.0% 0.0 0.0 0.0% 0.0 0.0 0.0% 0 Yes 0.77 21.8 60 0.0 N N 0.0 0.0% 0.0 0.0 0.0% 0.0 0.0 0.0% 0 Yes B -- 140 3.9 N N 35.1 25.1% 0.5 4.5 3.2% 0.0 11.0 -- 110 -- 0.74 21.0 100 3 N N 27.0 27.0% 1 9.0 9.0% 0.0 0.0 0.0% 250 Yes 1.5 42.5 170 5 N N 45.0 26.5% 1 9.0 5.3% 0.0 2.0 4.7% 300 Yes 0.81 23.0 100 3 N N 27.0 27.0% 1 9.0 9.0% 0.0 7.0 30.5% 140 Yes 1.27 36.0 120 3.0 N N 27.0 22.5% 1.0 9.0 7.5% 0.0 8.0 22.2% 95 Yes 1.27 36.0 140 5.0 N N 45.0 32.1% 1.0 9.0 6.4% 0.0 11.0 30.6% 170 Yes 1.3 36.9 170 6 N N 54.0 31.8% 1 9.0 5.3% 0.0 7.0 19.0% 170 Yes Breathsavers Sugar Free Mints Peppermint Breathsavers Sugar Free Mints Wintergreen Cascadian Farm Chewy Fruit and Nut Bar Cheese Nips Thin Crisps Cheezy Nacho Pretzel Poppers Chips Ahoy Thin Crisps Cliff Z Bars Chocolate Brownie Cliff Z Bars Crunch Peanut Butter Crisp'ums- Cinnamon Whole Grain? (Y/N) Page 3 Percent Calories Trans Fat From (Grams) Saturated Fat (<= 10%) Sugar (Grams) Percent Sugar By Weight (<= 35%) 0.0 7.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0% 0.0% Food Product Crisp'ums-Blueberry 1.2 34.0 150 5 N N 45.0 30.0% 1 9.0 6.0% Crispy Cheddar Crackers 1 28.4 130 4.5 N N 40.5 31.2% 0.5 4.5 3.5% 1 28.4 110 3.5 N N 31.5 28.6% 0 0.0 0.0% 1 28.4 120 3.5 N N 31.5 26.3% 0 0.0 4 113.4 70 0 N N 0.0 0.0% 0 0.0 Weight (Grams) Total Calories (<= 200) Percent Calories From Fat (<= 35%) Package Size (Ounces) Fat (Grams) Nut? (Y/N) Fruit? (Y/N) Fat (Calories) Saturated Fat Saturated Fat (Grams) (Calories) Sodium (<= 360 mg) Meets All Guidelines 20.6% 125 Yes 0.0% 320 Yes 0.0 0.0% 230 Yes 0.0 3.0 10.6% 270 Yes 0.0 16.0 14.1% 10 Yes Crispy Parmesan Snack Chips Crispy Wheats Del Monte Fruit Cup-Diced Peaches Del Monte Fruit Cup-Mixed Fruit Dole Dried Prunes Elf Grahams- Chocolate Elf-Grahams-Cinnamon 4 113.4 70 0 N N 0.0 0.0% 0 0.0 0.0% 0.0 16.0 14.1% 10 Yes 1.4 1 1 39.7 28.4 28.4 110 120 120 0.0 4.5 4 N N N N N N 0.0 40.5 36.0 0.0% 33.8% 30.0% 0.0 1 1 0.0 9.0 9.0 0.0% 7.5% 7.5% 0.0 0.0 0.0 13.0 6.0 7.0 32.8% 21.2% 24.7% 5 100 90 Yes Yes Yes Frosted Blueberry Pop Tart 1.82 51.6 200 5 N N 45.0 22.5% 1.5 13.5 6.8% 0.0 18.0 34.9% 170 Yes 1.82 51.6 200 5 N N 45.0 22.5% 1.5 13.5 6.8% 0.0 17.0 32.9% 170 Yes 1 0.9 28.4 25.5 120 120 4.0 4 N N N N 36.0 36.0 30.0% 30.0% 0.0 1 0.0 9.0 0.0% 7.5% 0.0 0.0 3.0 6.0 10.6% 23.5% 10 150 Yes Yes 0.9 25.5 120 3.5 N N 31.5 26.3% 1 9.0 7.5% 0.0 6.0 23.5% 105 Yes 0.9 25.5 120 4 N N 36.0 30.0% 1 9.0 7.5% 0.0 6.0 23.5% 150 Yes 1 28.4 100 1.7 N N 15.0 15.0% 0.5 4.5 4.5% 0.0 10.0 35.3% 10 Yes 1.2 oz. -- 140 4.0 N N 36.0 25.7% 0.5 4.5 3.2% 0.0 5.0 -- 115 -- Frosted Strawberry Pop Tart Genisoy soynuts Giant Goldfish Grahams Giant Goldfish GrahamsChocolate Giant Goldfish GrahamsCinnamon Health Valley, moist and chewy granola bar, dutch apple Kashi TLC Honey Almond Flax Bar Kashi TLC Honey Toasted 7 Grain Kelloggs All Bran Bar Kellogg's Breakfast Cereals, Raisin Bran Kellogg's Breakfast Cereals, Rice Krispies Kellogg's Breakfast Cereals, Special K Kellogg's Breakfast Cereals, Special K Red Kellogg's Breakfast Cereals, Mini-Wheats 1.42 oz. -- 180 5.6 N N 50.4 28.0% 0.5 4.5 2.5% 0.0 7.0 -- 160 -- 1.3 oz. -- 120 2.8 N N 25.2 21.0% 0.5 4.5 3.8% 0.0 12.0 -- 170 -- 2.1 59.5 190 1.6 N N 14.4 7.6% 0.0 0.0 0.0% 0.0 19.0 31.9% 350 Yes 1.2 oz. -- 120 0.0 N N 0.0 0.0% 0.0 0.0 0.0% 0.0 3.0 -- 320 -- 1.1 oz -- 110 0.0 N N 0.0 0.0% 0.0 0.0 0.0% 0.0 4.0 -- 220 -- 1.1 oz. -- 110 0.0 N N 0.0 0.0% 0.0 0.0 0.0% 0.0 10.0 -- 220 -- 2.1 oz -- 200 1.0 N N 9.0 4.5% 0.0 0.0 0.0% 0.0 12.0 -- 5 -- Whole Grain? (Y/N) Page 4 Food Product Kellogg's Special K Bar (Blueberry, Strawberry) Kettle Baked chips - lightly salted Kraft 100 Calorie Chips Ahoy Kraft 100 Calorie Honey Maid Cinnamon Crisps Kraft 100 Calorie Wheat Thins Light Lays original chips Percent Calories Trans Fat From (Grams) Saturated Fat (<= 10%) Fat (Grams) Nut? (Y/N) Fruit? (Y/N) Fat (Calories) Percent Calories From Fat (<= 35%) 90 1.5 N N 13.5 15.0% 1.0 9.0 10.0% 28.4 120 3.3 N N 30.0 25.0% 0.0 0.0 0.81 23.0 100 2.0 N N 18.0 18.0% 1.0 0.81 23.0 100 2.0 N N 18.0 18.0% 0.0 Package Size (Ounces) Weight (Grams) Total Calories (<= 200) 0.81 23.0 1 Sugar (Grams) Percent Sugar By Weight (<= 35%) Sodium (<= 360 mg) Meets All Guidelines 0.0 8.0 34.8% 95 Yes 0.0% 0.0 0.0 0.0% 115 Yes 9.0 9.0% 0.0 7.0 30.5% 170 Yes 0.0 0.0% 0.0 7.0 30.5% 170 Yes Saturated Fat Saturated Fat (Grams) (Calories) 0.77 21.8 100 2.0 N N 18.0 18.0% 0.0 0.0 0.0% 0.0 7.0 32.1% 170 Yes 1.34 38.0 75 0.0 N N 0.0 0.0% 0.0 0.0 0.0% 0.0 0.0 0.0% 200 Yes Luna Nutrition Bar Toasted Nuts & Cranberry 1.71 48.5 170 3.9 N N 35.1 20.6% 0.5 4.5 2.6% 0.0 9.0 18.6% 130 Yes M & M Cookies M & M Snack Bar 1.25 1.25 35.4 35.4 160 140 6.0 3.0 N N N N 54.0 27.0 33.8% 19.3% 1.5 1.5 13.5 13.5 8.4% 9.6% 0.0 0.0 12.0 12.0 33.9% 33.9% 120 105 Yes Yes 0.0 50 0.0 N N 0.0 0.0% 0.0 0.0 0.0% 0.0 11.0 -- 0 Mr. Nature Oriental Mix Mr. Nature Unsalted Energizer Mix 1.5 42.5 110 0.0 N N 0.0 0.0% 0.0 0.0 0.0% 0.0 1.0 2.4% 2 56.7 130 7.0 63.0 48.5% 2.0 18.0 13.8% 0.0 5.0 8.8% 5 No Mrs. May's Almond Crunch 2 56.7 176 14.0 Y N 126.0 71.6% 1.0 9.0 5.1% 0.0 4.0 7.1% 39 Yes Mrs. May's Cashew Crunch 2 56.7 172 12.0 Y N 108.0 62.8% 2.0 18.0 10.5% 9.0 4.0 7.1% 40 No Mrs. May's Coconut Almond Crunch 2 56.7 183 15.0 Y N 135.0 73.8% 1.0 9.0 4.9% 0.0 6.0 10.6% Nature Valley Crunchy Granola Bar-Banana Nut 1.5 42.5 190 7.0 N N 63.0 33.2% 1.0 9.0 4.7% 0.0 12.0 28.2% 150 Yes Nature Valley Crunchy Granola Bar-Oats & Honey 1.5 42.5 180 6.0 N N 54.0 30.0% 0.5 4.5 2.5% 0.0 11.0 25.9% 160 Yes Nature Valley Crunchy Granola Bar-Maple Brown Sugar 1.5 42.5 180 6.0 N N 54.0 30.0% 0.5 4.5 2.5% 0.0 11.0 25.9% 160 Yes Nature Valley Crunchy Granola Bar-Peanut Butter 1.5 42.5 180 7.0 N N 63.0 35.0% 1.0 9.0 5.0% 0.0 11.0 25.9% 190 Yes Mott's Apple Sauce Cups -Yes Yes Whole Grain? (Y/N) Page 5 Percent Calories Trans Fat From (Grams) Saturated Fat (<= 10%) Fat (Grams) Nut? (Y/N) Fruit? (Y/N) Fat (Calories) Percent Calories From Fat (<= 35%) Sugar (Grams) Percent Sugar By Weight (<= 35%) Sodium (<= 360 mg) Meets All Guidelines 150 2.2 N N 20.0 13.3% 0.5 4.5 3.0% 0.0 14.0 34.5% 95 Yes 39.7 160 3.9 N N 35.1 21.9% 0.5 4.5 2.8% 0.0 13.0 32.8% 115 Yes 1.3 36.9 140 3.0 N N 27.0 19.3% 0.5 4.5 3.2% 0.0 13.0 35.3% 105 Yes 1.3 36.9 140 3.0 N N 27.0 19.3% 0.5 4.5 3.2% 0.0 13.0 35.3% 105 Yes 1.3 36.9 140 3.0 N N 27.0 19.3% 0.5 4.5 3.2% 0.0 13.0 35.3% 105 Yes 1.3 36.9 140 3.0 N N 27.0 19.3% 0.5 4.5 3.2% 0.0 13.0 35.3% 105 Yes 1.41 40.0 140 2.5 N N 22.5 16.1% 0.5 4.5 3.2% 0.0 14.0 35.0% 160 Yes 1 28.4 110 0 N N 0.0 0.0% 0 0.0 0.0% 0.0 7.0 24.7% 100 Yes 1.94 55.0 180 2 N N 18.0 10.0% 0 0.0 0.0% 0.0 10.0 18.2% 260 Yes 1.3 36.9 120 2 N N 18.0 15.0% 0.5 4.5 3.8% 0.0 12.0 32.6% 105 Yes 1.5 42.5 195 6 N N 54.0 27.7% 0 0.0 0.0% 0.0 3.0 7.1% 300 Yes 0.75 21.3 90 3 N N 27.0 30.0% 1 9.0 10.0% 0.0 0.0 0.0% 200 Yes 0.88 24.9 108 3.2432 N N 29.2 27.0% 0.3991 3.6 3.3% 0.0 1.6 6.6% 195 Yes 3.1 1 87.9 28.4 45 130 0 5 N N N N 0.0 45.0 0.0% 34.6% 0 1 0.0 9.0 0.0% 6.9% 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0% 0.0% 10 150 Yes Yes 1 oz. -- 110 1.5 N N 13.5 12.3% 0 0.0 0.0% 0.0 1.0 -- 250 -- 1 oz. -- 110 1.5 N N 13.5 12.3% 0 0.0 0.0% 0.0 1.0 -- 250 -- 1 oz. -- 110 1.5 N N 13.5 12.3% 0 0.0 0.0% 0.0 1.0 -- 250 -- Pita Snax- White Cheddar 1 oz. -- 110 1.5 N N 13.5 12.3% 0 0.0 0.0% 0.0 1.0 -- 250 -- Pita Snax-Honey & Wheat 1 oz. -- 110 1.5 N N 13.5 12.3% 0 0.0 0.0% 0.0 1.0 -- 250 -- Pizzettos, Barbecue Flavor 1.5 oz -- 170 3 N N 27.0 15.9% 0 0.0 0.0% 0.0 2.0 -- 320 -- Food Product Package Size (Ounces) Weight (Grams) Total Calories (<= 200) Nature Valley Healthy Heart Bar, Oatmeal Raisin 1.43 40.5 1.4 Nature Valley Heart Healthy Bar Honey Nut Nutrigrain Cereal Bar-Apple Cinnamon Nutrigrain Cereal BarBlueberry Nutrigrain Cereal BarRaspberry Nutrigrain Cereal BarStrawberry Oatmeal Breakfast SquareOatmeal Raisin Organic Gorilla Munch Cereal Organic Hearty Raisin Bran Organic Z Bar-Caramel Apple Parmesan Garlic & Herb Pita Chips Parmesan Goldfish Crackers Peanut Butter Pretzel Pillows Pineapple Tidbit Cup Pirate's Booty Pita Snax - Jalapeno & Cheese Pita Snax- Sea Salt Pita Snax- Sun Dried Tomato & Basil Saturated Fat Saturated Fat (Grams) (Calories) Whole Grain? (Y/N) Page 6 Percent Calories Trans Fat From (Grams) Saturated Fat (<= 10%) Fat (Grams) Nut? (Y/N) Fruit? (Y/N) Fat (Calories) Percent Calories From Fat (<= 35%) 105 2.7 N N 24.3 23.1% 0 0.0 0.0% -- 170 3 N N 27.0 15.9% 0 0.0 1 oz. -- 105 2.7 N N 24.3 23.1% 0 1 oz. -- 96 1.4 N N 12.6 13.1% 0 1.3 oz. -- 120 1.7 N N 15.3 12.8% 0.0 0.0 0.0% 0.0 9.0 -- 95 -- 0.75 21.3 90 2 N N 18.0 20.0% 0 0.0 0.0% 0.0 0.0 0.0% 300 Yes 1.5 oz. -- 170 5 N N 45.0 26.5% 1 9.0 5.3% 0.0 2.0 -- 300 -- 1.5 oz. -- 170 5 N N 45.0 26.5% 1 9.0 5.3% 0.0 2.0 -- 250 -- 1.5 oz. -- 170 6 N N 54.0 31.8% 1.5 13.5 7.9% 0.0 2.0 -- 260 -- Pumpkin FlaxPlus Granola 1 oz. -- 140 5 N N 45.0 32.1% 0.5 4.5 3.2% 0.0 5.0 -- 20 -- Quaker Apple Crisp Bars 1.3 36.9 130 2.5 N N 22.5 17.3% 0.5 4.5 3.5% 0.0 9.0 24.4% 90 Yes Quaker Apple Crisp Bars 1.9 53.9 200 3.7 N N 33.3 16.7% 0.7 6.7 3.3% 0.0 13.0 24.1% 250 Yes 1.3 36.9 130 2.5 N N 22.5 17.3% 0.5 4.5 3.5% 9.0 24.4% 105 Yes 1.3 36.9 130 2.5 N N 22.5 17.3% 0.5 4.5 3.5% 0.0 9.0 24.4% 100 Yes 0.91 25.8 100 0.5 N N 4.5 4.5% 0.0 0.0 0.0% 0.0 8.0 31.0% 260 Yes 1.6 45.4 180 4.5 N N 40.5 22.5% 0 0.0 0.0% 0.0 11.0 24.3% 125 Yes 1.3 36.9 150 3.5 N N 31.5 21.0% 1 9.0 6.0% 0.0 12.0 32.6% 170 Yes Food Product Pizzettos, Hot & Spicy Flavor Pizzettos, Original Pizza Flavor Pizzettos, Original Pizza Flavor Pizzettos, Simply Crust Flavor Post Raisin Bran Cereal Bar Pretzel Goldfish Pretzel Poppers- Cheezy Nacho Pretzel Poppers- Zesty Pizza Pretzel Poppers-Sour Crm&Onion Quaker Baked Mixed Berry Crisp Bar Quaker Baked Strawberry Crisp Bar Quaker Quakes Crunchy Caramel Corn Rice Snacks Package Size (Ounces) Weight (Grams) Total Calories (<= 200) 1 oz. -- 1.5 oz Sugar (Grams) Percent Sugar By Weight (<= 35%) Sodium (<= 360 mg) Meets All Guidelines 0.0 0.0 -- 114 -- 0.0% 0.0 2.0 -- 310 -- 0.0 0.0% 0.0 0.0 -- 140 -- 0.0 0.0% 0.0 0.0 -- 240 -- Saturated Fat Saturated Fat (Grams) (Calories) Rice Krispies Rice Krispies Treats Original (Kellog's) Ritz Chips 0.75 21.3 100 3.5 N N 31.5 31.5% 0.5 4.5 4.5% 0.0 2.0 9.4% 230 Yes Ritz Crackers-Dinosaurs 1 28.4 120 3.5 N N 31.5 26.3% 1 9.0 7.5% 0.0 3.0 10.6% 270 Yes Ritz Sticks 1 28.4 130 5 N N 45.0 34.6% 1 9.0 6.9% 0.0 3.0 10.6% 300 Yes Ryerra Yukon Gold Onion and garlic potato chips 1 28.4 130 5.0 N N 45.0 34.6% 1.0 9.0 6.9% 0.0 1.0 3.5% 65 Yes Whole Grain? (Y/N) Page 7 Percent Calories Trans Fat From (Grams) Saturated Fat (<= 10%) Fat (Grams) Nut? (Y/N) Fruit? (Y/N) Fat (Calories) Percent Calories From Fat (<= 35%) Sugar (Grams) Percent Sugar By Weight (<= 35%) Sodium (<= 360 mg) Meets All Guidelines 120 4.0 N N 36.0 30.0% 0.5 4.5 3.8% 0.0 8.0 28.2% 115 Yes 28.4 40.0 35.4 35.4 130 150 140 140 5.0 5.0 5.0 N N N N N N N N 45.0 0.0 45.0 45.0 34.6% 0.0% 32.1% 32.1% 0.5 0.0 1.5 1.5 4.5 0.0 13.5 13.5 3.5% 0.0% 9.6% 9.6% 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6.0 12.0 6.0 8.0 21.2% 30.0% 16.9% 22.6% 85 85 130 105 Yes Yes Yes Yes 1.5 42.5 195 4.5 N N 40.5 20.8% 0.0 0.0 0.0% 0.0 1.5 3.5% 140 Yes 1.58 44.8 180 1.5 N N 13.5 7.5% 0.5 4.5 2.5% 0.0 0.0 0.0% 180 Yes 1.5 42.5 170 6.0 N N 54.0 31.8% 1.5 13.5 7.9% 0.0 2.0 4.7% 260 Yes 1.5 42.5 160 0.0 N N 0.0 0.0% 0 0.0 0.0% 0.0 1.0 2.4% 280 Yes 1.5 42.5 200 7.0 N N 63.0 31.5% 0.5 4.5 2.3% 0.0 0.0 0.0% 180 Yes 1 28.4 130 5.0 N N 45.0 34.6% 0.5 4.5 3.5% 0.0 3.0 10.6% 180 Yes 1.3 36.9 140 3.5 N N 31.5 22.5% 0.5 4.5 3.2% 0.0 12.0 32.6% 55 Yes Teddy Grahams Graham Snax-Chocolate 0.7 19.8 90 3.0 N N 27.0 30.0% 0.5 4.5 5.0% 0.0 6.0 30.2% 120 Yes Teddy Grahams Graham Snax-Cinnamon 0.7 19.8 90 3.0 N N 27.0 30.0% 0.5 4.5 5.0% 0.0 5.0 25.2% 95 Yes Teddy Grahams-Cinnamon 0.5 14.2 60 2.0 N N 18.0 30.0% 0 0.0 0.0% 0.0 3.0 21.2% 70 Yes Tropical Fruit Cup Twix Clusters Twix Snack Bar 3.1 1.25 87.9 35.4 0.0 45 140 140 0.0 4.0 3.5 N N N N N N 0.0 36.0 31.5 0.0% 25.7% 22.5% 0 1.5 1.5 0.0 13.5 13.5 0.0% 9.6% 9.6% 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 8.0 11.0 0.0% 22.6% -- 130 130 105 Yes Yes -- Vanilla Dinosaur Grahams 0.9 25.5 106 2.9 N N 26.5 25.0% 0.5 4.5 4.2% 0.0 6.0 23.6% 90 Yes Wheat Thins Minis White Cheddar Popcorn White Cheddar Soy Thin Crisps Zesty Pizza Pretzel Poppers Zoo Animal Crackers 0.74 0.67 21.0 19.0 100 80 3.0 3.0 N N N N 27.0 27.0 27.0% 33.8% 0.5 0.5 4.5 4.5 4.5% 5.6% 0.0 0.0 3.0 2.0 14.3% 10.5% 200 160 Yes Yes 1 28.4 106 2.5 N N 22.5 21.2% 0 0.0 0.0% 0.0 1.0 3.5% 189 Yes 1.5 42.5 170 5.0 N N 45.0 26.5% 1.0 9.0 5.3% 0.0 2.0 4.7% 250 Yes 1 28.4 120 2.0 N N 18.0 15.0% 0.0 0.0 0.0% 0.0 7.0 24.7% 95 Yes Food Product Scooby Doo Graham Cracker SeAnimal Crackers Smart Start Bars Snickers Clusters Snickers Snack Bar Snyder's Honey Mustard & Onion Nibblers Snyder's Old Tyme Pretzels Sour Cream and Onion Pretzel Poppers Sourdough Fat Free Nibblers Stacy's Pita Chips Cinnamon Sugar Stacy's Soy Crisps Sticky Bun Strawberry Fruit & Grain Bar Package Size (Ounces) Weight (Grams) Total Calories (<= 200) 1 28.4 1 1.41 1.25 1.25 Saturated Fat Saturated Fat (Grams) (Calories) Whole Grain? (Y/N) Page 8 Food Product Package Size (Ounces) Weight (Grams) Total Calories (<= 200) Zoria Farms Fruions-Sweet Dried Fruit 2 56.7 150 Fat (Grams) Nut? (Y/N) Fruit? (Y/N) Fat (Calories) Percent Calories From Fat (<= 35%) 0.0 N Y 0.0 0.0% Saturated Fat Saturated Fat (Grams) (Calories) 0.0 0.0 Percent Calories Trans Fat From (Grams) Saturated Fat (<= 10%) 0.0% 0.0 Sugar (Grams) Percent Sugar By Weight (<= 35%) Sodium (<= 360 mg) Meets All Guidelines 31.0 54.7% 10 Yes Whole Grain? (Y/N) Page 1 SAMPLE APPROVED BEVERAGE LIST FOR VENDING (sorted by beverage type) County of Los Angeles, Public Health, Nutrition Program TEST PERIOD (Version 1.0b -- June 5, 2007) INSTRUCTIONS: 1. Place the mouse cursor over a column heading to obtain information about the beverage category (located on the right side of the gray columns) 2. Enter information in the light green cells in the empty rows. The gray cells show calculated values. The white cells show if beverages meet nutrition guidelines. 3. Please spell-out "Yes" or "No" since this beverage guide does not recognize abbreviations. Beverage Product Beverage Type Calories per Serving Size in Servings per Total Ounces Total Calories Drinking Water Serving Container Ounces (Yes/No) (obtain from per Container per Container (obtain from (obtain from nutrition label) nutrition label) nutrition label) Minute Maid 100% Apple Juice Minute Maid 100% Juice Fruit Medley Minute Maid 100% Juice Grape Blend Minute Maid 100% Juice Mixed Berry Blend Minute Maid 100% Orange Juice 100% juice 100% juice 100% juice 100% juice 100% juice 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25 110 120 120 120 110 10 10 10 10 10 Tropicana 100% Orange Juice Calcium + Vitamin D Tropicana 100% Orange Juice No Pulp Almond Breeze Original Almond Breeze Original Unsweetened Diet V8 Splash Juice Drink Diet Berry Blend Diet V8 Splash Juice Drink Diet Fruit Medley Diet V8 Splash Juice Drink Diet Strawberry Kiwi Diet V8 Splash Juice Drink Diet Tropical Blend Sobe Diet Citrus Flavored Beverage Sobe Diet Cranberry Grapefruit Flavored Beverage Starbucks Iced Coffee Light Tropicana Sugar Free Fruit Punch Tropicana Sugar Free Lemonade Tropicana Sugar Free Orangeade Diet Snapple Apple Diet Snapple Cranberry Raspberry Diet Snapple Green Tea Diet Snapple Kiwi Strawberry Diet Snapple Lemonade Iced Tea Diet Snapple Lime Green Tea Diet Snapple Orange Carrot Diet Snapple Peach Tea Diet Snapple Pink Lemonade Diet Snapple Plum-A-Granate Iced Tea Diet Snapple Raspberry Tea Lipton Brisk Diet Iced Tea with Lemon Lipton Iced Tea Diet Green Tea with Citrus Lipton Iced Tea Diet Iced Tea with Lemon Nestea Diet Lemon Flavored Iced Tea Nestea Diet Peach Flavored Green Tea Sobe Diet Green Tea Sobe Diet Mango Melon Flavored Beverage Sobe Diet Peach Tea Caffeine Free Diet Coke Caffeine Free Diet Mountain Dew Caffeine Free Diet Pepsi Coca Cola Zero Diet Barq's French Vanilla Crème Soda Diet Barq's Red Crème Soda Diet Barq's Root Beer Diet Cherry Coke Diet Coke 100% juice 100% juice Almond milk Almond milk Diet beverage Diet beverage Diet beverage Diet beverage Diet beverage Diet beverage Diet beverage Diet beverage Diet beverage Diet beverage Diet iced tea Diet iced tea Diet iced tea Diet iced tea Diet iced tea Diet iced tea Diet iced tea Diet iced tea Diet iced tea Diet iced tea Diet iced tea Diet iced tea Diet iced tea Diet iced tea Diet iced tea Diet iced tea Diet iced tea Diet iced tea Diet iced tea Diet soda Diet soda Diet soda Diet soda Diet soda Diet soda Diet soda Diet soda Diet soda 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 1.00 1.00 1 1 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 2.50 2.50 1.40 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 110 110 60 40 10 10 10 10 5 5 25 0 5 0 15 10 0 20 0 0 10 0 10 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 5 5 1 0 0 1 1 4 1 1 1 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 20 20 11.2 20 20 20 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 8 100 Percent Juice (Yes/No) Dairy Milk -Other Either Non-fat, Plant-Based Beverages Milk without 1% or 2% (Yes/No) without Added Added Flavor Please see Flavor comment box (Yes/No) (Yes/No) for explanation Ok? 138 150 150 150 138 No No No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 110 110 60 40 10 10 10 10 13 13 35 0 13 0 30 20 0 40 0 0 20 0 20 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 13 13 3 0 0 2 4 9 2 1 3 No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Page 2 Beverage Product Diet Coke Black Cherry Vanilla Diet Coke sweetened with Splenda Diet Coke with Lime Diet Mountain Dew Diet Mountain Dew Code Red Diet Mr. Pibb Diet Mug Cream Soda Diet Mug Root Beer Diet Pepsi Diet Pepsi Lime Diet Pepsi Vanilla Diet Pepsi Wild Cherry Diet Seagram's Ginger Ale Diet Seagram's Raspberry Ginger Ale Diet Sprite Zero Fanta Zero Orange Pepsi One Pibb Zero Sierra Mist Free Tropicana Twister Soda Diet Orange Aloe Splash Pineapple Pear Flavored Water AquaCal Black Cherry Flavored Water AquaCal Lemon Zest Flavored Water AquaCal Peach Mango Flavored Water AquaCal Raspberry Flavored Water AquaCal Strawberry Flavored Water Aquafina Alive Berry Pomegranate Aquafina FlavorSplash Citrus Blend Aquafina FlavorSplash Raspberry Aquafina FlavorSplash Wild Berry Aquafina Sparkling Berry Aquafina Sparkling Lemon-Lime Dasani Grape Flavored Water Dasani Lemon Flavored Water Dasani Raspberry Flavored Water Dasani Strawberry Flavored Water Propel Fitness Water (All Flavors) Seagram's Black Cherry Seltzer Naturals Seagram's Lemon Lime Seltzer Naturals Seagram's Orange Seltzer Naturals Seagram's Raspberry Seltzer Naturals Rice Dream Original Enriched Rice Milk Rice Dream Original Rice Milk Edensoy Carob Organic Edensoy Original Organic Vitasoy Classic Original Soymilk Vitasoy Complete Original Soymilk Vitasoy Creamy Original Soymilk Vitasoy Light Original Soy Drink Vitasoy Unsweetened Original Soymilk Aquafina Aquafina Sparkling Original Dasani Water Seagram's Club Soda Seagram's Diet Tonic Water Seagram's Original Seltzer Beverage Type Diet soda Diet soda Diet soda Diet soda Diet soda Diet soda Diet soda Diet soda Diet soda Diet soda Diet soda Diet soda Diet soda Diet soda Diet soda Diet soda Diet soda Diet soda Diet soda Diet soda Flavored water Flavored water Flavored water Flavored water Flavored water Flavored water Flavored water Flavored water Flavored water Flavored water Flavored water Flavored water Flavored water Flavored water Flavored water Flavored water Flavored water Flavored water Flavored water Flavored water Flavored water Rice milk Rice milk Soy milk Soy milk Soy milk Soy milk Soy milk Soy milk Soy milk Water Water Water Water Water Water Calories per Serving Size in Servings per Total Ounces Total Calories Drinking Water Serving Container Ounces (Yes/No) (obtain from per Container per Container (obtain from (obtain from nutrition label) nutrition label) nutrition label) 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 16.9 16.9 16.9 16.9 16.9 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.5 8.5 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.5 1 1 1 1 1 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.10 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 1 1 2 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 2 2 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 2 10 2 1 1 1 120 120 170 140 120 70 110 60 80 0 0 0 0 3 0 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 16.9 16.9 16.9 16.9 16.9 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 16.8 20 20 20 20 8 8 8.45 8.45 8 8 8 8 8 20 20 20 20 20 20 3 3 5 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 5 6 6 3 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 25 0 0 0 0 0 3 5 3 5 21 5 3 3 3 120 120 170 140 120 70 110 60 80 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No Yes No Yes No 100 Percent Juice (Yes/No) No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Dairy Milk -Other Either Non-fat, Plant-Based Beverages Milk without 1% or 2% (Yes/No) without Added Added Flavor Please see Flavor comment box (Yes/No) (Yes/No) for explanation No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No No No No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No No No No No No No No No No Yes No Yes Yes Yes Ok? Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No No No No Model Healthy Food Zone Ordinance Creating a Healthy Food Zone Around Schools by Regulating the Location of Fast Food Restaurants (and Mobile Food Vendors) Developed by the National Policy & Legal Analysis Network to Prevent Childhood Obesity (NPLAN) Support provided by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation through the Healthy Eating Research program www.nplanonline.org l www.phlpnet.org The National Policy & Legal Analysis Network to Prevent Childhood Obesity (NPLAN) is a project of Public Health Law & Policy (PHLP). PHLP is a nonprofit organization that provides legal information on matters relating to public health. The legal information provided in this document does not constitute legal advice or legal representation. For legal advice, readers should consult a lawyer in their state. Support provided by a grant from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. Introduction Rising Obesity Rates in Children Today, 16.3 percent of children and adolescents ages 2 to 19 are obese, and 31.9 percent are 1 obese or overweight. While the obesity epidemic has many causes, one factor contributing to the increase in obesity is the easy access children and youth have to low-nutrient, highcalorie foods. Because children consume a significant portion of their daily calories during and soon after the school day, many school districts and communities are restricting 2 students’ access to low-nutrient foods at school. The Need for Restricting Fast Food Restaurants Near Schools Efforts to improve the nutritional quality of foods provided to children at school are undermined when students leave campus to buy fast food from restaurants nearby, or when they buy fast food on their way to or from school. A recent study found that students with fast food restaurants near (within a half-mile of) their schools (1) consumed fewer servings of fruits and vegetables, (2) consumed more servings of soda, and (3) were more likely to be 3 overweight or obese than were youths whose schools were not near fast food restaurants. One strategy that local governments can employ to help support schools’ efforts to improve student health is to prohibit fast food restaurants from locating near schools. This strategy is aimed particularly toward middle and high school students who may leave campus during lunchtime or get to and from school on their own. But it can also support parents of younger children in their efforts to feed their children healthier food, and the strategy can work in 4 conjunction with Safe Routes to Schools programs. By enacting measures to prohibit the location of fast food restaurants near schools, communities can prevent children from substituting low-nutrient, high-calorie food for the healthier options served at school. Communities may also choose to extend the prohibition to parks, community centers, libraries, and other locations children frequent. Limitations of the Ordinance As explained more fully below, this strategy is best employed by communities that are planning new schools or have existing schools that do not currently have fast food Model Healthy Food Zone Ordinance 2 restaurants located near them. These communities can use this ordinance to ensure that the school zones remain free of fast food restaurants. Communities that already have fast food available near schools can use this ordinance to prevent additional restaurants from locating near schools. Restricting Access to Other Outlets Providing Unhealthy Food Of course, fast food restaurants are not the only outlet from which children access lownutrient, high-calorie foods before, during and after school. Mobile food vendors (selling from portable vehicles, such as trucks and carts) and neighborhood corner and convenience stores also frequently locate near schools, providing students with ready access to unhealthy food. The model ordinance provides an option for communities to also ban mobile food vending near schools. A number of cities, including Stockton, Calif., and Seattle, have 5 banned mobile vending near schools and parks. Communities that choose to ban mobile vendors near schools may wish to include an exception for fresh fruit and vegetable vendors or other vendors selling healthy foods. Convenience and neighborhood stores also often provide students with access to unhealthy foods. Unfortunately, many communities, particularly low-income communities, lack fullservice supermarkets; convenience and neighborhood stores are the community’s only 6 option for groceries. A community could choose to prohibit these stores from locating near schools or work with the stores to provide healthier food options for the neighborhood. The public health community is actively exploring ways to improve the quality of food at these 7 stores. Because these neighborhood stores raise a number of issues outside the scope of this ordinance, NPLAN does not include an option to ban corner stores within this model ordinance. Understanding State and Local Regulation of Fast Food Restaurants and mobile food vendors are regulated by both state and local law. Generally, state law regulates the heath and sanitation aspects of restaurants and mobile vendors, while local law, through zoning and other measures, regulates the location of food service establishments. State Health and Safety Laws The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) developed a model Food Code to improve food safety nationwide. The model Food Code prescribes sanitation and food-handling requirements for restaurants and other food establishments – including mobile vending facilities – in order to ensure that food offered to the public is “unadulterated, prepared in a 8 clean environment, and honestly presented.” Forty-eight of the 50 states have adopted some Model Healthy Food Zone Ordinance 3 9 form of the model Food Code. In most communities nationwide, state law regulates the health and sanitation aspects of fast food restaurants and at least some forms of mobile food vending. Because state law varies, however, it is important to review the state law governing the local community to ensure that the state law does not affect the community’s ability to regulate fast food restaurants and mobile food vendors. Local Zoning Laws Cities and counties use zoning and other land use measures to regulate the growth and development of the community in an orderly manner. Zoning divides a community into districts and determines how the land in each district may be used. For example, a community may limit the use of land in a residential district to housing. In that district, housing is a “permitted” use. Some communities may zone to permit a particular use in a district, but require a permit or approval by the planning commission or similar agency before allowing the use at a specific location within the district. In that district, the use is referred to as a “conditional use.” Local governments have considerable discretion when enacting zoning regulations, including those restricting the location of fast food restaurants. Governments enact zoning laws under their “police power” – the power of the government to regulate private conduct 10 to protect and further the public’s health, safety, or general welfare. Because, by its nature, land use regulation cannot be done with scientific precision, courts presume that zoning ordinances are valid. Provided there is a reasonable basis for different zoning treatment of similar lands, land uses, or land users, courts will generally uphold the regulations, even in 11 the absence of evidence that the different zoning treatment will have its intended effect. A community that articulates a purpose for a land use regulation – such as protecting residents’ health – may choose to address a problem incrementally or direct a solution to one group of land users and not another. As a result, so long as the local government has the authority under state enabling law to enact zoning regulations, a court would likely uphold a zoning law that restricts the location of fast food restaurants near schools, even if the city does not similarly limit other food outlets. Many local governments already limit fast food restaurants to commercial or other nonresidential districts. Some communities further restrict “formula” restaurants (which include chain fast food restaurants). For example, the community of Calistoga, Calif., prohibits all formula restaurants, and Concord, Mass., bans all fast food and drive-through 12 restaurants. Other communities regulate the density of formula restaurants by limiting the total number of formula restaurants permitted or mandating a certain distance between 13 formula restaurants. In addition, in a majority of states, liquor stores or adult businesses 14 may not be located near schools. The model Healthy Food Zone Ordinance regulates the Model Healthy Food Zone Ordinance 4 location of fast food restaurants near schools for the same reason – to protect the health, safety, and general welfare of children. Implementing the Healthy Food Zone Ordinance Assessing the Location of Fast Food Within the Community The model Healthy Food Zone Ordinance prohibits the location of fast food restaurants within a certain distance (as determined by the community) of schools, and (again, as determined by the community) parks, child care centers, libraries, and other locations children frequent. Before enacting the ordinance, we recommend that the community conduct a mapping study or assessment to identify where fast food restaurants, mobile vendors, and neighborhood corner and convenience stores are located in proximity to 15 schools. This study would help to identify (1) the current landscape of fast food; (2) whether a restrictive ordinance would be beneficial to the community; and (3) what buffer distance would be most appropriate for the community. If the community is contemplating a ban on mobile food vendors, a study would also help it determine an appropriate distance for that ban. Geographic information systems (GIS) mapping tools can be useful for completing these studies. Because this is a new policy approach to combat childhood obesity, there is not yet a “best practice” distance to recommend to communities. Communities have taken different 16 approaches. Detroit prohibits fast food restaurants within 500 feet of any school. The City of Arden Hills, Minn., prohibits fast food restaurants within 400 feet of any public, private, 17 and parochial school; church; public recreation area; or any residentially zoned property. Similarly, communities that prohibit mobile food vendors near schools have selected different sized zones. Seattle has banned mobile food vendors within 200 feet of public parks and 1,000 feet of schools, while Phoenix bans vendors on streets within 600 feet of 18 schools between the hours of 7:00 a.m. and 4:30 p.m. Implementing the Ordinance The method of implementation of the ordinance will vary according to how the community regulates the location of fast food restaurants (e.g., whether through zoning, conditional use permits, or in some combination). The local jurisdiction will need to determine where within its existing code the provisions in the ordinances fit, make other amendments as necessary for consistency, and follow the appropriate procedures for amending the zoning law. The language in the model ordinance is designed to be tailored to the needs of an individual community. The language written in italics provides different options or explains the type of information that needs to be inserted in the blank spaces in the ordinance. The “comments” Model Healthy Food Zone Ordinance 5 provide additional information and explanation. In considering which options to choose, communities should balance public health benefits against practical and political considerations in their particular jurisdiction. One purpose of including a variety of options is to stimulate broad thinking about the types of provisions a community might wish to explore, even beyond those described in the model. NPLAN is interested in learning about novel provisions communities are considering; the best way to contact us is through our website: www.nplanonline.org. Providing Alternatives to Fast Food Restaurants Communities restricting fast food restaurants and mobile food vendors near schools and other places children frequent may find that policies restricting fast food will be more acceptable where these policies are coupled with other strategies to provide healthier food alternatives to children. Such strategies include working with schools to provide more nutritious food options on campus, promoting farmers’ markets and community gardens, and providing economic development or zoning incentives for healthier food purveyors. Model language for these types of policies are available on our website at: www.nplanonline.org. What about existing fast food restaurants located near schools? Land use planning and zoning regulations are primarily tools to shape a community over time; they do not result in overnight changes to the landscape. As a result, the Healthy Food Zone Ordinance is most effective as a preventive tool. It is best employed by communities that are planning new schools or have existing schools that do not currently have fast food restaurants located near them. These communities can use this ordinance to ensure that the school zones remain free of fast food. Although there are ways in which a community may eliminate or limit the operations of existing fast food restaurants located near schools, these can be cumbersome and costly, and they usually require implementation over time. Uses that were lawful under prior laws but do not meet new regulations are considered “nonconforming uses.” Generally, communities have three options when addressing nonconforming uses. First, a community may allow nonconforming uses to continue to exist as a “legal nonconforming use” unless the business changes or attempts to expand its use in some way (as defined by the ordinance). Typically, the business cannot be expanded or cease and resume operations. The 19 intent is that eventually, over time, the prohibited use will cease to exist in that area. Because most communities employ this strategy, the model ordinance uses this strategy. Second, a community may “amortize” the use, that is, allow a nonconforming use or structure to 20 remain in place over a set period. The grace period is determined on a case-by-case basis by balancing appropriately (1) the public’s interest – the harm to the public caused by continuing the nonconformity – and (2) the economic impact on the property owner – allowing the owner to 21 receive a fair return on his or her investment. The amortization period may be short for a Model Healthy Food Zone Ordinance 6 business that has operated at that location for several years, and longer for a newer business that has not had time to recoup its investment. Third, a community may end a use immediately through “eminent domain” or paying the business owner “just compensation” for the value of the business. Alternatively, a city may end a use if it 22 finds that the continuation of a nonconforming use poses a threat to the public’s health or safety. This method is often quite costly and can be controversial, so communities rarely use it to eliminate nonconforming uses. Model Healthy Food Zone Ordinance 7 NPLAN Model Healthy Food Zone Ordinance: Creating a Healthy Food Zone Around Schools by Regulating the Location Of Fast Food Restaurants [and Mobile Food Vendors] COMMENT: This model ordinance is intended to amend a jurisdiction’s existing zoning code. A jurisdiction that adopts some or all of its provisions must consider where they would best fit into its existing code, and must cross-reference appropriate existing provisions that stipulate the means of enforcing zoning ordinances, as well as provisions concerning notification, fines, and penalties. The [ Municipality ] does ordain as follows: SECTION I. FINDINGS. The [ Municipality ] hereby finds and declares as follows: See APPENDIX A: Findings A draft ordinance based on this model should include “findings” of fact that support the need for the municipality to enact the law. The findings section is part of the ordinance, but it usually does not become codified in the local government code. The findings contain factual information supporting the need for the law – in this case, documenting the need for regulating children’s access to non-nutritious food. A list of findings supporting this model ordinance appears in “Appendix A: Findings.” Findings from that list may be inserted here, along with additional findings addressing the need for the ordinance in the particular community. NOW THEREFORE, it is the intent of the [ City/City Council ], in enacting this ordinance to promote children’s health by regulating the distance between schools [ and other locations frequented by children ] and fast food restaurants [ and mobile vendors ] serving low-nutrient, energy-dense foods. SECTION II. [ Article / Section ] of the [ Municipality ] Municipal Code is hereby amended to read as follows: Sec. One. PURPOSE. The purposes of this [ article / chapter ] are to promote the health of children by regulating the location and operation of Fast Food Restaurants near schools [and other locations frequented by children] and to support efforts of the school district(s) to create healthy food environments for students. Sec. Two. DEFINITIONS. The following words and phrases, whenever used in this [ article / chapter ], shall have the meanings defined in this section unless the context clearly requires otherwise: “Fast Food Restaurant” means a retail food establishment where food and beverages are: (1) Model Healthy Food Zone Ordinance 8 prepared in advance of customer orders or are able to be quickly prepared for consumption on or off the premises; (2) are ordered and served over counters or at drive-through windows; and (3) paid for before being consumed. COMMENT: Generally, state law regulates the health and sanitation of restaurants/food service establishments. A municipality may prefer to use the state law definition of or term used to refer to a restaurant or food facility in the ordinance, along with the additional content identifying the food facility as a limited service/fast food establishment. Sec. Three. PROHIBITING FAST FOOD RESTAURANTS NEAR SCHOOLS. COMMENT: NPLAN offers two options for prohibiting fast food restaurants from locating near schools. A municipality should select the option that is consistent with its existing zoning code Option One (for communities that do not require a use permit for Fast Food Restaurants): (a) No Fast Food Restaurant may be located within [ insert appropriate distance for community ] feet of the nearest property line of any public, charter, or private kindergarten, elementary, middle, junior high or high school, or a licensed child-care facility or preschool [ list additional facilities if appropriate, such as playgrounds, youth centers, recreational facilities, arcades, parks, libraries, or residentially zoned parcels ]. Option Two: (a) A Fast Food Restaurant is allowed only as a conditional use in the following zones: commercial; ____________ [ add other zoning districts ] subject to the following regulations: (1) In any district where a Fast Food Restaurant is permitted or a conditional use, the Fast Food Restaurant may not be located within [ insert appropriate distance for community ] feet of the nearest property line of any public or private kindergarten, elementary, middle, junior high, or high school, or a licensed childcare facility or preschool [ list additional facilities if appropriate, such as playgrounds, youth centers, recreational facilities, arcades, parks, libraries, or residentially zoned parcels ]. Model Healthy Food Zone Ordinance 9 COMMENT: In order to determine the appropriate size of the healthy food zone a municipality may wish to undertake a mapping study of where existing fast food restaurants are in relation to schools and other areas named in the ordinance. Detroit prohibits fast food restaurants within 500 23 feet of any school. The City of Arden Hills, Minn., prohibits fast food restaurants within 400 feet of any public, private, or parochial school, church, public recreation area, or any residentially 24 zoned property. Sec. Four. CONTINUATION OF PREEXISTING LIMITED SERVICE/FAST FOOD RESTAURANTS. (a) Fast Food Restaurants lawfully existing or having an approved [building] permit to operate prior to _______________________ [insert the effective date of the legislation] may continue to operate under the following conditions: (1) The restaurant operates in accordance with all applicable federal, state, and local laws; (2) The restaurant does not seek a modification to its permit that would allow any intensification of use; (3) The restaurant operates continuously in the same location, without substantial increase in intensity of operation or square footage; (b) A break in continuous service shall not be interpreted to include the following: (1) A period of up to 90 days [or other period acceptable to the community] associated with a change in ownership; (2) The restoration and/or replacement of a legal nonconforming structure wholly or partially destroyed by a catastrophic event or sudden cause which is beyond the control of the property owner, and which could not otherwise have been prevented by reasonable care and maintenance of the structure is permitted; or (3) A temporary closure for not more than 30 days for repair, renovation, or remodeling. COMMENT: Most municipalities’ zoning codes include provisions restricting the alterations of nonconforming communities. Municipalities may prefer to use those existing provisions. SECTION III. [ Article / Section ] of the [ Municipality ] Municipal Code is hereby amended to read as follows: Model Healthy Food Zone Ordinance 10 Sec. One. PURPOSE. The purposes of this [ article / chapter ] are to promote the health of children by regulating the location and operation of Mobile Food Vendors near schools [and other locations frequented by children] and to support efforts of the school district(s) to foster healthy food environments for students. Sec. Two. DEFINITIONS. The following words and phrases, whenever used in this [ article / chapter ], shall have the meanings defined in this section unless the context clearly requires otherwise: “Mobile Food Vendor” means any person who sells food or beverages for human consumption via any temporary or readily transportable means, including from a mobile food facility, such as a catering truck, cart, pushcart, wagon, trailer, or other wheeled conveyance; any portable table or stand; or on foot. COMMENT: In many communities, mobile vending may be regulated at both the state level, in the state’s retail food code, and at the local level. At the local level, a municipality may regulate mobile vendors by requiring a particular permit or license, regular health and safety inspections, or adherence to other regulations. This definition captures the many different forms that mobile vending takes. In many communities, the term is already defined within existing local laws. A community may prefer to use its existing definition. Sec. Three. Mobile Food Vending Near Schools prohibited (a) Mobile Food Vendors may not offer for sale or give away any food or beverages [between the hours of 7:00 a.m. and 7:00 p.m.] within [ insert appropriate distance for community] feet of the nearest property line of any public or private kindergarten, elementary, middle, junior high or high school, or a licensed child-care facility or preschool [ list additional facilities if appropriate, such as playgrounds, youth centers, recreational facilities, arcades, parks, libraries, or residentially zoned parcels]. COMMENT: The municipality will need to determine: (1) whether to limit the ban to school day hours and (2) the size of the buffer zone. Some communities only ban vending during the hours when school and after school programs are in session. Phoenix bans street vendors near schools 25 between 7:00 a.m. and 4:30 p.m. A community may find that the school day ban appropriately protects student health while preserving economic opportunities for mobile vendors. Communities have taken varied approaches to the size of the buffer zone. In Seattle, mobile vendors are banned from locating within 1,000 feet of a public school, while Phoenix bans street 26 vendors within 600 feet of schools. The mapping study discussed above will assist communities in determining an appropriate buffer zone. Model Healthy Food Zone Ordinance 11 (b) A violation of this section shall be grounds for the [insert appropriate Enforcement Agency, (e.g. Police Chief, Department of Health etc.)] denial, refusal to renew, suspension, or revocation of the permit or license to operate. COMMENT: The municipality will have existing methods for enforcing its vending regulations. Generally, these enforcement mechanisms include fines or penalties such as suspending or revoking the permit or license to operate. SECTION IV. STATUTORY CONSTRUCTION AND SEVERABILITY. This [ article / chapter ] shall be construed so as not to conflict with applicable federal or state laws, rules, or regulations. Nothing in this [ article / chapter ] authorizes any City agency to impose any duties or obligations in conflict with limitations on municipal authority established by federal or state law at the time such agency action is taken. In the event that a court or agency of competent jurisdiction holds that a federal or state law, rule, or regulation invalidates any clause, sentence, paragraph or section of this [ article / chapter ] or the application thereof to any person or circumstances, it is the intent of the [ City Council ] that the court or agency sever such clause, sentence, paragraph, or section so that the remainder of this [ article / chapter ] remains in effect. Model Healthy Food Zone Ordinance 12 1 Ogden C, Carroll M and Flegal K. “High Body Mass Index for Age Among US Children and Adolescents, 2003-2006.” Journal of the American Medical Association, 299(20): 2401–2405, 2008. 2 Efforts to increase the nutritional quality of food offered to children at school are being made at the federal, state, and school level. For more information, see Levi J, Vinter S, Richardson L, et al. F as in Fat: How Obesity Policies are Failing America. Washington, DC: Trust for America’s Health, 2009, p. 31–38. Available at: http://healthyamericans.org/reports/obesity2009/Obesity2009Report.pdf. 3 Davis B and Carpenter C. “Proximity of Fast-Food Restaurants to Schools and Adolescent Obesity.” American Journal of Public Health, 99(3): 505–510, 2009. For more information on Safe Routes to Schools programs, see the National Center for Safe Routes to Schools available at: www.saferoutesinfo.org. 4 5 Seattle, Wash., Municipal Code § 15.17.010 (2009); Stockton, Cal. Municipal Code §7-049.5 (2009). 6 Powell LM, Slater S, Mirtcheva D, Bao Y, Chaloupka FJ. Food store availability and neighborhood characteristics in the United States. Prev Med. 2007 Mar;44(3): 189-95. 7 For more information, see the Healthy Corner Stores Network available at: www.healthycornerstores.org. FDA Model Food Code, Preface § 3 (2005). 8 9 North Carolina and Kentucky have yet to adopt the FDA Food Code but are actively pursuing Food Code adoption rulemaking. U.S. Food & Drug Admin. Real Progress in Food Code Adoptions. Available at: www.cfsan.fda.gov/~ear/fcadopt.html. 10 Ziegler E, Rathkopf A and Rathkopf D. 1 Rathkopf’s The Law of Zoning and Planning § 1:2 (4th ed. 2009). 11 Ziegler E, Rathkopf A and Rathkopf D. 1 Rathkopf’s The Law of Zoning and Planning § 4:1 (4th ed. 2009). Calistoga, Cal. Municipal Code §17.22.040 (2009); Town of Concord, Mass. Zoning By-laws § 4.7.1 (2008). 12 13 See Arcata, Cal. Land Use Code §9.42.164 (2008) (limiting the total number of formula restaurants permitted within the community to nine); Westwood Village Specific Plan, Section 5B, Westwood Village, Los Angeles, CA (2004) (regulating the density of fast food establishments to every 400 feet, with one exception.) Available at: http://cityplanning.lacity.org/complan/specplan/sparea/wwdvillagepage.htm. 14 See Larkin v. Grendel’s Den, Inc., 459 U.S. 116, 121(1982), (“ . . . there can be little doubt about the power of a state to regulate the environment in the vicinity of schools, churches, hospitals and the like by exercise of reasonable zoning laws.”); Ziegler E, Rathkopf A and Rathkopf D. 1 Rathkopf’s The Law of Zoning and Planning § 24:48 (4th ed. 2009) (“A majority of states have now enacted statutes prohibiting liquor outlets within a prescribed distance of various categories of protected institutions, with certain exceptions and variations.”). 15 The following resources provide guidance for communities to conduct food assessments: • Siedenburg K and Pothukuchi K. “What’s Cooking in Your Food System: A Guide to Community Food Assessment.” Community Food Security Coalition. 2002. Available at: www.foodsecurity.org/pubs.html#cooking. This Guide includes case studies of nine Community Food Assessments; tips for planning and organizing an assessment; guidance on research methods and strategies for promoting community participation; and ideas for translating an assessment into action for change. • “How to Create and Implement Healthy General Plans.” Planning for Healthy Places. 2008. Available at: www.healthyplanning.org/toolkit_gpz.html. Section II: Assessing Existing Health Conditions has general information about assessing and mapping nutrition-related community features such as food retail. • “Community Food Security Assessment Toolkit.” U.S.D.A. Econ. Research Service, Publication No. EFAN-02-013 (July 2002). Available at: www.ers.usda.gov/publications/efan02013/. This comprehensive publication explains mapping assessments and contains guidance and charts for conducting assessments. Model Healthy Food Zone Ordinance 13 16 Detroit, Mich., Municipal Code § 61-12-91 (2008). 17 Arden Hills, Minn., Municipal Code § 1325.04(1)(A) (2006). Seattle, Wash., Municipal Code § 15.17.010 (2009); Phoenix, Ariz., Municipal Code §131-24 (2009); see also Phoenix, Ariz., Municipal Code §10-166 (2009) (banning mobile food vendors operating on private property from vending within 300 feet of schools between 6:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m.). 18 19 Ziegler E, Rathkopf A and Rathkopf D. 4 Rathkopf’s The Law of Zoning and Planning § 73:6 (4th ed. 2009). 20 Ziegler E, Rathkopf A and Rathkopf D. 4 Rathkopf’s The Law of Zoning and Planning § 74:18 (4th ed. 2009). 21 Ziegler E, Rathkopf A and Rathkopf D. 4 Rathkopf’s The Law of Zoning and Planning § 74:24 (4th ed. 2009). 22 Ziegler E, Rathkopf A and Rathkopf D. 4 Rathkopf’s The Law of Zoning and Planning § 74:16 (4th ed. 2009). 23 Detroit, Mich., Municipal Code § 61-12-91 (2008). 24 Arden Hills, Minn., Municipall Code § 1325.04(1)(A) (2006). 25 Phoenix, Ariz., Municipal Code § 31-24 (2009). 26 Seattle, Wash., Municipal Code § 15.17.010 (2009); see also Phoenix, Ariz., Municipal Code § 31-24 (2009). Model Healthy Food Zone Ordinance 14
