Sports League Basics-Review
Transcription
Sports League Basics-Review
THE GRID: Big 4 North American Sports League Operating Rules Spring 2016 League Size/Season Playoffs NFL MLB NBA NHL Roster size 32 teams, 8 divisions, 16 games. 4 rounds, 12 teams 4 wild cards 1- game knockouts with 4 1st round byes 45 active / 53 total 30 teams, 6 divisions, 162 games. 4 rounds, 10 teams 4 wild cards (2012) WC play in, best of 5, best of 7, best of 7 25 active / 40 total 30 teams, 6 divisions, 82 games. 4 rounds, 16 teams, no reseeding All rounds best of 7(2003) 12 active / 15 total 30 teams, 4 divisions, 82 games. 4 rounds, 16 teams, top 3 in division + 4 wild cards; all rounds best of 7; no reseed 20 active / 23 total Bargaining Agreement Ten years. 2011-20. NFLPA is weak: decertified before 1993 free agency. Five years: 2012-16. MLBPA is strong: 2002 CBA was first without stoppage Ten years: 2011-20: Mutual option year in 2017. Work stoppages 1998-99; 2011-12. Ten years: 2013-22, Double option. Lockout in 2004-05 and 2012-13seasons Free Agency Conditions Unrestricted free agency after 4 years. Restricted after 3 years Unrestricted free agency after 6 years. Arbitration 3-5 years. Reserve 0-2 yrs. Unrestricted after 1st contract with first refusal rights to team. Unrestricted age 27after 4 years NHL. Restricted under age 27. Mean Salary $1.9M in 2012 from $395K in 1990. $3.4M in 2014 from $579K in 1990. $5.3M in 2014 from $717K in 1990. $2.4M in 2012 from $221K in 1990. Payroll Cap/ Luxury Tax Hard cap since 1994: 47-48.5% of AR after 2013; $143M in 2015. Minimum payroll 89% of cap. Luxury tax: 17.5% of payroll over $189M (2014-16); 30% - 40% for 2nd & 3rd breach and 50% for 4th breach Soft cap since 1984: 49-51% of BRI. 2016 cap $70M, min 90% of cap. Lux tax 53.5% of BRI, 2016 threshold $84.74M. Hard cap since 2005: 50% of hockey related revenue HRR. Cap $71.4 in 2016 Max/min payroll +15%/-15% of midpoint Local Revenue Gate 18% of total and shared 66/34. Venue 27% unshared. Local media insignificant. Gate 30%, venue 28%, local media 22% of total revenue. 34% of local revenue shared. Gate 27%, venue 15%, local media 13% of total revenue.50% of local revenue shared. Gate 40%, venue 25%, media 20% of total. 5% of local revenue is shared. Central Revenue National media 55% of total, equal shares. Nine years, 2014-22 FOX, ABC/ESPN, CBS, DirecTV: $205M annually per club. National media 20% of total, equal shares. Eight-years 2014-21 FOX, TBS and ESPN: $51.7M annually per club. National media 27% of total, equal shares. Nine-year 2016-25 TNT and ABC/ESPN: $90.3M annually per club. National media 20% of total, equal shares. 10-year 2012-21 NBC; 12 years Rogers Sportsnet 2014-26: $21M annual per club. Forbes’ Mean Team Value Revenue share V/R = $1,966M / $347M = 5.67 2014 league revenue $11.1 billion Local/National split 40%/60% V/R = $1,200M / $262M = 4.58 2014 league revenue $7.8 billion Local/National split 50%/50% V/R = $1,106M / $160M = 6.93 2015 league revenue $4.8 billion. Local/National split 60%/40% V/R = $505M / $133M = 3.81 2015 league revenue $4 billion Local/National split 80%/20% Source: John Vrooman, Vanderbilt University North American TV Market Size (million TV households) RNK 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 Designated Market Area (DMA) TVHH NFL MLB NBA NHL TOT New York 7.461 2 2 2 3 9 Los Angeles 5.666 0 2 2 2 6 Chicago 3.534 1 2 1 1 5 Philadelphia 2.964 1 1 1 1 4 Toronto 2.957 0 1 1 1 3 Dallas-Ft. Worth 2.655 1 1 1 1 4 San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose 2.519 2 2 1 1 6 Boston 2.433 1 1 1 1 4 Washington, DC 2.412 1 1 1 1 4 Atlanta 2.375 1 1 1 0 3 Houston 2.289 1 1 1 0 3 Detroit 1.856 1 1 1 1 4 Phoenix 1.855 1 1 1 1 4 Seattle-Tacoma 1.848 1 1 0 0 2 Tampa-St. Pete 1.828 1 1 0 1 3 Minneapolis-St. Paul 1.748 1 1 1 1 4 Miami-Ft. Lauderdale 1.663 1 1 1 1 4 Denver 1.575 1 1 1 1 4 Montreal/Quebec City 1.526 0 0 0 1 1 Orlando-Daytona Beach 1.490 0 0 1 0 1 Cleveland-Akron 1.485 1 1 1 0 3 Sacramento 1.388 0 0 1 0 1 Vancouver 1.329 0 0 0 1 1 St. Louis 1.255 1 1 0 1 3 Portland, OR 1.185 0 0 1 0 1 Pittsburgh 1.182 1 1 0 1 3 Raleigh-Durham 1.165 0 0 0 1 1 Charlotte 1.158 1 0 1 0 2 Indianapolis 1.097 1 0 1 0 2 Baltimore 1.095 1 1 0 0 2 San Diego 1.081 1 1 0 0 2 Nashville 1.043 1 0 0 1 2 Hartford & New Haven 1.000 0 0 0 0 0 Kansas City 0.942 1 1 0 0 2 Columbus, OH 0.929 0 0 0 1 1 Salt Lake City 0.921 0 0 1 0 1 Milwaukee 0.917 1 1 1 0 3 Cincinnati 0.908 1 1 0 0 2 San Antonio 0.906 0 0 1 0 1 Greenvll-Spart-Asheville 0.849 0 0 0 0 0 West Palm Beach-Ft. Pierce 0.810 0 0 0 0 0 Grand Rapids-Kalmzoo-B.Crk 0.734 0 0 0 0 0 Austin 0.733 0 0 0 0 0 Oklahoma City 0.730 0 0 1 0 1 Las Vegas 0.726 0 0 0 0 0 Harrisburg 0.725 0 0 0 0 0 Birmingham 0.719 0 0 0 0 0 Norfolk 0.719 0 0 0 0 0 Greensboro 0.705 0 0 0 0 0 Albuquerque-Santa Fe 0.691 0 0 0 0 0 Jacksonville 0.676 1 0 0 0 1 Louisville 0.675 0 0 0 0 0 Memphis 0.672 0 0 1 0 1 New Orleans 0.652 1 0 1 0 2 Buffalo 0.634 1 0 0 1 2 Edmonton 0.592 0 0 0 1 1 Calgary 0.592 0 0 0 1 1 Ottawa 0.592 0 0 0 1 1 Winnipeg 0.592 0 0 0 1 1 TOTALS 1.482 32 30 30 30 122 Source: Nielsen Research and John Vrooman 31 Theory of the Perfect Game Table 11. Expansion, Relocation and Extortion Year X/R League/Club Fee a League DMAb Venuea Public% National Football League 1995 X Carolina Panthers (NFC) X Jacksonville Jaguars (AFC) R Los Angeles Raiders to Oakland R Los Angeles Rams to St. Louis 1996 R Cleveland Browns to Baltimore Ravens R Houston Oilers to Nashville 1999 X Cleveland Browns (AFC) 2002 X Houston Texans (AFC) e 140 140 … f 29 f 29 f 29 530 700 29 29 30 30 30 30 31 32 1.09 .66 2.42 1.24 1.10 .97 1.53 2.05 Major League Baseball 1993 X Colorado Rockies (NL) X Florida Marlins (NL) 1998 X Arizona Diamondbacks (NL) X Tampa Bay Devil Rays (AL) 2005 R Montreal Expos to Washington Nationals 95 95 130 130 450 27 28 29 30 30 1.48 1.54 1.80 1.78 2.31 National Basketball Association g 1995 X Toronto Raptors X Vancouver Grizzlies 2001 R Vancouver Grizzlies to Memphis 2002 R Charlotte Hornets to New Orleans 2004 X Charlotte Bobcats 125 125 30 30 300 28 29 30 30 30 2.60 1.33 .67 .60 1.09 180 120 250 c 122 265 0.0 0.0 93.6 100.0 91.3 50 50 50 … 50 50 … … … 80 80 80 80 22 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 26 27 28 29 30 2.42 .60 1.78 2.44 5.65 1.54 1.48 1.80 1.04 .97 2.31 .91 1.71 133 160 153 420 120 212 170 220 158 144 213 179 190 82.1 21.3 62.1 d 29.8 100.0 87.3 d 0.0 81.8 87.3 100.0 d 20.2 19.2 74.7 National Hockey League 1991 X San Jose Sharks 1992 X Ottawa Senators X Tampa Bay Lightning 1993 R Minnesota North Stars to Dallas Stars X Anaheim Mighty Ducks X Florida Panthers 1995 R Quebec Nordiques to Colorado Avalanche 1996 R Winnipeg Jets to Phoenix Coyotes 1997 R Hartford Whalers to Carolina Hurricanes 1998 X Nashville Predators 1999 X Atlanta Thrashers 2000 X Columbus Blue Jackets X Minnesota Wild 248 141 c 128 299 229 292 314 449 24.6 85.8 100.0 100.0 87.3 75.7 74.8 70.6 231 … 354 218 611 82.3 … 66.9 100.0 100.0 c c d d X= Expansion R= Relocation a Venue cost and expansion/relocation fees in $millions b DMA 2007-08 Nielsen Media Designated Market Area in million households c Renovations; d Joint NBA-NHL arenas e Seattle Seahawks switched from AFC to NFC in 2002 realignment of eight divisions of 4 teams. f Relocation fee is share of PSL payments to Ravens ($65 million), Titans ($71 million) and Rams ($78 million). g NBA added Charlotte Hornets, Miami Heat (1988); Minnesota T-Wolves, Orlando Magic (1989) fee of $37.5 million. The NFL retro-expanded into Cleveland in 1999 for 75 percent public funding of the new Browns Stadium with 147 suites and 8,800 club seats.73 After several delays between competing L.A. investment groups, the NFL decided instead to retro-fill the Houston market for 71 percent public funding of Reliant Stadium (191suites and 8,300 club seats) in 2002. The new Cleveland Browns paid an expansion fee of $530 million and Houston Texans paid a premium fee of $700 million. That left the second largest U.S. TV market L.A. without a NFL team. This was not a major problem for two reasons. 73 In litigation settlement the NFL promised the City of Cleveland a new Browns club by 1999 and allowed the old Browns to become the Baltimore Ravens. The League did not say whether the new Cleveland team would be a relocation or expansion franchise until 1998 after stadium deals were completed in Tampa and Cincinnati. Alternative Futures for St. Louis Rams ($millions) Ed Jones $100 $200 $300 $220 $75 $1,470 Local revenue (Venue revenue+home gate) National revenue (Media+Visitor gate) Total Revenue Total Operating expenses Operating Profit Present Value of Net Cash Flow 30 years @3% Stadium Funding Rams ($150 million PSLs + $250 million Kroenke) NFL G-4 loan (LA relocation not eligible for G-4) Private Share Rams + NFL): 55% in St. Louis and 100% in LA Public Share: 45% in St. Louis and 0% in LA Franchise value = PV of cash flow - club share of venue cost Value/Revenue multiple Net value gain from relocation to LA over new venue in St. Louis NFL relocation indemnity fee (50/50 split of $800m LA relocation gain) Net Franchise Value Stadium Cost: LA $1.8 billion; St. Louis $1.1 billion Source: John Vrooman, Vanderbilt University Riverfront LA Relocation $150 $300 $200 $200 $350 $500 $240 $278 $110 $222 $2,150 $4,350 $0 $0 $0 $0 $1,470 4.90 $0 $0 $1,470 $400 $200 $600 $500 $1,750 5.00 $0 $0 $1,750 $1,800 $0 $1,800 $0 $2,550 5.10 $800 $400 $2,150 NFL Team Values 2015 Rank 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 Team Value % Chg Dallas Cowboys $4,000 25% New England Patriots $3,200 23% Washington Redskins $2,850 19% New York Giants $2,800 33% San Francisco 49ers $2,700 69% New York Jets $2,600 44% Houston Texans $2,500 35% Chicago Bears $2,450 44% Philadelphia Eagles $2,400 37% Green Bay Packers $1,950 42% Denver Broncos $1,940 34% Baltimore Ravens $1,930 29% Pittsburgh Steelers $1,900 41% Indianapolis Colts $1,880 34% Seattle Seahawks $1,870 41% Miami Dolphins $1,850 42% Atlanta Falcons $1,670 48% Minnesota Vikings $1,590 38% Carolina Panthers $1,560 25% Arizona Cardinals $1,540 54% Kansas City Chiefs $1,530 39% San Diego Chargers $1,530 53% New Orleans Saints $1,520 36% Tampa Bay Buccaneers $1,510 23% Cleveland Browns $1,500 34% Tennessee Titans $1,490 28% Jacksonville Jaguars $1,480 53% St Louis Rams $1,450 56% Cincinnati Bengals $1,450 46% Detroit Lions $1,440 50% Oakland Raiders $1,430 47% Buffalo Bills $1,400 50% NFL 32 Team Average $1,965.9 40% Source: Forbes and John Vrooman D/V 5% 7% 8% 18% 21% 23% 7% 4% 8% 6% 6% 14% 11% 3% 6% 19% 51% 31% 4% 10% 5% 7% 5% 12% 13% 10% 7% 8% 7% 19% 14% 14% 12% Revenue $620 $494 $439 $400 $427 $383 $383 $352 $370 $347 $346 $345 $334 $321 $334 $322 $303 $281 $325 $308 $307 $304 $322 $313 $313 $318 $315 $290 $296 $298 $285 $296 $346.6 Income $270.0 $195.0 $124.9 $105.2 $123.7 $118.4 $114.6 $85.7 $88.7 $63.3 $65.8 $59.8 $54.0 $90.1 $43.6 $41.5 $25.4 $34.5 $77.8 $57.2 $48.6 $64.8 $70.0 $55.2 $34.7 $50.5 $67.0 $34.0 $55.5 $36.1 $39.0 $44.2 $76.2 V/R 6.45 6.48 6.49 7.00 6.32 6.79 6.53 6.96 6.49 5.62 5.61 5.59 5.69 5.86 5.60 5.75 5.51 5.66 4.80 5.00 4.98 5.03 4.72 4.82 4.79 4.69 4.70 5.00 4.90 4.83 5.02 4.73 5.67 P/E 14.8 16.4 22.8 26.6 21.8 22.0 21.8 28.6 27.1 30.8 29.5 32.3 35.2 20.9 42.9 44.6 65.7 46.1 20.1 26.9 31.5 23.6 21.7 27.4 43.2 29.5 22.1 42.6 26.1 39.9 36.7 31.7 25.8 NFL Venue Revolution since 1995 Expansion Franchise Stadium Year Total Luxury Club PSL Open Seats Suites Seats Seats G-3/4 PSL Total Private Public Private Public Loan Fees Cost Cost Cost Share Share Relocation-Extortion Jacksonville Jaguars St. Louis Rams Oakland Raiders Carolina Panthers San Diego Chargers Washington Redskins Baltimore Ravens Tampa Bay Bucs Tennessee Titans Cleveland Browns Cincinnati Bengals Pittsburgh Steelers Houston Texans Extortion Totals G-3/4 Loan Program Denver Broncos New England Patriots Detroit Lions Seattle Seahawks Philadelphia Eagles Chicago Bears Green Bay Packers Arizona Cardinals Indianapolis Colts Dallas Cowboys Kansas City Chiefs New York Giants/Jets San Francisco 49ers Minnesota Vikings Atlanta Falcons G-3/4 Totals EverBank Field† Edward Jones Dome O.co Coliseum Bank of America Stadium Qualcomm Stadium† FedEx Stadium M&T Bank Stadium Raymond James Stadium LP Field First Energy Stadium Paul Brown Stadium Heinz Field NRG Stadium 13 Venues 1995 1995 1995 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2001 2002 73.0 65.3 63.1 73.4 71.5 91.7 69.3 66.3 67.7 73.2 65.6 64.5 69.5 70.3 85 124 143 158 113 284 108 195 143 147 114 129 191 149 11.2 6.2 6.3 11.4 7.8 15.0 7.9 12.3 9.6 8.8 7.6 6.6 8.3 9.2 … 53.5 39.0 62.5 … … 60.2 … 58.2 57.0 58.0 45.0 44.0 53.0 … … … … … … … … … … … … … $0 … $78 $68 $122 … … $65 … $71 $25 $26 $37 $50 $542 $141 $299 $128 $248 $78 $251 $229 $169 $292 $314 $458 $284 $449 $3,340 $20 $0 $0 $187 $18 $180 $29 $15 $71 $79 $44 $113 $132 $888 Sports Authority Field Gillette Stadium Ford Field CenturyLink Field Lincoln Financial Field New Soldier Field Lambeau Field† University of Phoenix Lucas Oil Stadium AT&T Stadium Arrowhead Stadium† MetLife Stadium Levis Stadium (G-4) US Bank Stadium (G-4) Mercedes Benz Stadium (G-4) 15 Venues 2001 2002 2002 2002 2003 2003 2003 2006 2008 2009 2010 2010 2014 2016 2017 76.2 68.8 64.4 67.0 67.6 61.5 71.0 63.4 63.0 80.0 77.1 82.5 68.5 65.4 71.0 69.8 124 80 132 82 172 133 167 88 142 320 133 217 170 131 180 151.4 8.2 6.0 8.6 7.7 10.8 8.6 6.3 7.5 7.1 15.0 10.0 10.0 9.0 8.0 7.5 8.7 … … … 8.3 29.0 27.5 58.0 … … 66.0 … 55.5 68.5 49.0 71.0 48.1 $48 $141 $100 $63 $125 $100 $13 $42 $33 $76 $43 $300 $200 $200 $200 $1,684 … … … $17 $70 $70 $93 … … 470 … $800 $312 $151 $200 $2,183 $401 $412 $500 $430 $518 $632 $295 $455 $675 $1,200 $375 $1,600 $1,310 $1,027 $1,400 $11,230 $100 $340 $375 $130 $330 $200 $126 $147 $100 $850 $125 $1,600 $1,196 $529 $600 $6,748 Grand Total 28 Venues 70.1 150.2 8.9 $121 $299 $128 $61 $60 $71 $200 $154 $221 $235 $414 $171 $317 $2,452 14.2% 85.8% 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 100.0% 76.3% 24.6% 23.1% 76.9% 72.0% 28.3% 12.7% 87.3% 8.9% 91.1% 24.3% 75.7% 25.2% 74.8% 9.6% 90.4% 39.8% 60.2% 33.1% 70.6% $2,210 26.6% 73.4% $301 24.9% $72 82.5% $125 75.0% $300 30.2% $188 63.7% $432 31.6% $169 42.7% $308 32.3% $575 14.8% $350 70.8% $250 33.3% $0 100.0% $114 91.3% $498 51.5% $800 42.9% $4,482 60.1% 75.1% 17.5% 25.0% 69.8% 36.3% 68.4% 57.3% 67.7% 85.2% 29.2% 66.7% 0.0% 8.7% 48.5% $1,381 57.1% 39.9% 50.6 $1,684 $2,725 $14,570 $7,636 $6,934 52.4% 47.6% Following the aborted move of New England Patriots to Hartford Connecticut in 1999, the League established the G-3 loan program for venue construction (Amendment 1999 G-3 NFL Bylaw s). Using a debt facility backed by TV revenues, the NFL loaned up to 50 percent of private stadium contribution for top six TV markets ($150 million maximum) and up to 34 percent of the private share for smaller markets ($100 million maximum). G-3 loans are repaid from visiting team share of club-seat premiums The G-3 program ended in 2007 and after the 2008 financial crisis w as it was replaced by the G-4 program ($200 million maximum) in 2011 *Private cost includes G-3/4 League loans and PSL fees as the present value of season ticket discounts over time. †Stadium renovations Source: John Vrooman, Vanderbilt University Carolina Panthers Bank of America Stadium (1996) Seating Capacity Lower Bowl: 22,714 Club Level: 11,209. Suites: 2,717 Total Lower Bowl/Suite Seating: 36,640 Upper Bowl: 37,138 Total Stadium: 73,778 Cost $248 million. Private share 76.3% Los Angeles Rams/Raiders L.A. Memorial Coliseum (1923) Seating Capacity 91,000 The Cost of NHL Southern Expansion Strategy In 1993-94 the league spent 57 percent of league revenues for player salaries. That year the player’s salaries took up $414 million of the league's $732 million in revenues. Player costs approached 76 percent of revenues at the time of the lockout in 2004-05. Beginning in 2005-06 the NHL salary cap sets the player cost limit at 57 percent of “Hockey Related Revenue.” NHL Cost Squeeze before the 2004-05 Lockout Average Player Salary Total NHL Revenues Total Player Salaries Player Cost Squeeze 1993-94 2002-03 $558,000 $732 million $414 million 56.6% $1,790,000 $1.93 billion $1.46 billion 75.6% Source: John Vrooman and NHL NHL Player Salaries “Southern Strategy” Season Avg. Salary 1990-91 1991-92 1992-93 1993-94 1994-95 1995-96 1996-97 1997-98 1998-99 1999-00 2000-01 2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 $276,000 $368,000 $465,000 $558,000 $733,000 $892,000 $981,000 $1,167,713 $1,288,974 $1,356,380 $1,434,885 $1,642,590 $1,790,209 $1,830,126 Lockout $1,460,000 Source: John Vrooman and NHL Proposed NHL Expansion/Relocation 32 Teams RNK Designated Market Area (DMA) TVHH NFL MLB NBA NHL TOT 5 Toronto/GTA 2.957 0 1 1 1 3 14 Seattle-Tacoma 1.848 1 1 0 0 2 13 Phoenix 1.855 1 1 1 1 4 19 Montreal/Quebec City 1.526 0 0 0 1 1 17 Miami-Ft. Lauderdale 1.663 1 1 1 1 4 25 Portland, OR 1.185 0 0 1 0 1 27 Raleigh-Durham 1.165 0 0 0 1 1 33 Hartford & New Haven 1.000 0 0 0 0 0 45 Las Vegas 0.726 0 0 0 0 0 Expansion (X) and relocation (R) markets Source: John Vrooman X/R X1 X2 R1 R1 R2 R2 R3 R3 R4 National Hockey League Values 2015 Rank 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 Team 2015 Value Change D/V Revenue Earnings P/E V/R New York Rangers $1,200 9% 0% $229 $83.10 14.4 5.24 Montreal Canadiens $1,175 18% 20% $219 $91.30 12.9 5.37 Toronto Maple Leafs $1,150 -12% 11% $192 $70 16.4 5.99 Chicago Blackhawks $925 12% 0% $182 $44.80 20.6 5.08 Boston Bruins $750 0% 0% $158 $26.60 28.2 4.75 Vancouver Canucks $745 -7% 11% $152 $35.50 21.0 4.90 Philadelphia Flyers $660 6% 9% $146 $13.60 48.5 4.52 Detroit Red Wings $600 5% 33% $135 $3.70 162.2 4.44 Los Angeles Kings $580 0% 16% $132 $2.20 263.6 4.39 Washington Capitals $565 13% 23% $132 $5.80 97.4 4.28 Pittsburgh Penguins $560 -1% 20% $151 $20.20 27.7 3.71 Edmonton Oilers $455 -4% 18% $119 $17.20 26.5 3.82 Dallas Stars $450 7% 33% $132 $17.50 25.7 3.41 San Jose Sharks $445 5% 11% $126 $8.20 54.3 3.53 Calgary Flames $435 -4% 6% $130 $25.90 16.8 3.35 Anaheim Ducks $400 10% 16% $122 ($0.80) -500.0 3.28 Minnesota Wild $380 3% 30% $125 $1.10 345.5 3.04 Ottawa Senators $370 -7% 34% $119 $18.50 20.0 3.11 Colorado Avalanche $360 0% 0% $106 ($3.70) -97.3 3.40 Winnipeg Jets $350 -2% 37% $116 $10.90 32.1 3.02 New Jersey Devils $330 0% 79% $125 $4.50 73.3 2.64 New York Islanders $325 8% 31% $93 ($14) -23.2 3.49 Buffalo Sabres $300 4% 27% $113 $2.80 107.1 2.65 St Louis Blues $270 15% 24% $111 ($7.10) -38.0 2.43 Tampa Bay Lightning $260 13% 17% $121 ($1.40) -185.7 2.15 Nashville Predators $255 2% 33% $110 $2 127.5 2.32 Columbus Blue Jackets $226 13% 33% $99 $4.50 50.2 2.28 Carolina Hurricanes $225 2% 53% $99 ($11.70) -19.2 2.27 Arizona Coyotes $220 -2% 63% $92 ($4.50) -48.9 2.39 Florida Panthers $186 -2% 62% $93 ($20.20) -9.2 2.00 NHL Averages $505.07 3% 25% $132.63 $14.88 33.94 3.81 Source: Forbes and John Vrooman NHL Attendance Report - 2014-15 RK TEAM GMS 1 Chicago 41 2 Montreal 41 3 Detroit 41 4 Philadelphia 41 5 Washington 41 6 Calgary 41 7 Toronto 41 8 Minnesota 41 9 Tampa Bay 41 10 Vancouver 41 11 San Jose 41 12 Pittsburgh 41 13 Buffalo 41 14 St. Louis 41 15 Los Angeles 41 16 Ottawa 41 17 NY Rangers 41 18 Boston 41 19 Dallas 41 20 Anaheim 41 21 Nashville 41 22 Edmonton 41 23 Colorado 41 24 Columbus 41 25 NY Islanders 41 26 New Jersey 41 27 Winnipeg 41 28 Arizona 41 29 Carolina 41 30 Florida 41 Full season AVG 21,769 21,286 20,027 19,270 19,099 19,097 19,062 19,023 18,823 18,710 18,707 18,617 18,580 18,545 18,265 18,246 18,006 17,565 17,350 16,874 16,854 16,839 16,176 15,511 15,334 15,189 15,037 13,345 12,594 11,265 NHL Attendance Report - 2015-16 Capacity 110.4% 100.1% 100.0% 98.6% 105.8% 99.0% 101.3% 106.0% 98.0% 98.9% 109.2% 101.3% 97.4% 96.8% 100.2% 95.3% 100.0% 100.0% 93.6% 98.3% 98.5% 100.0% 89.8% 85.5% 94.8% 86.2% 100.2% 77.9% 67.4% 66.1% RK TEAM GMS 1 Chicago 27 2 Montreal 23 3 Detroit 26 4 Boston 25 5 Toronto 22 6 Calgary 23 7 Philadelphia 22 8 Tampa Bay 24 9 Minnesota 24 10 Pittsburgh 24 11 Washington 22 12 Buffalo 26 13 Vancouver 21 14 Dallas 24 15 Los Angeles 24 16 St. Louis 27 17 NY Rangers 24 18 Ottawa 23 19 Nashville 23 20 Edmonton 24 21 San Jose 23 22 Anaheim 26 23 Colorado 25 24 Winnipeg 23 25 Florida 24 26 New Jersey 24 27 Columbus 23 28 NY Islanders 25 29 Arizona 25 30 Carolina 25 As of 1/23/2016 2015-16 21,761 21,288 20,027 19,552 19,314 19,135 19,121 19,092 19,040 18,557 18,510 18,415 18,411 18,295 18,259 18,139 18,006 17,932 16,910 16,839 16,771 16,237 16,160 15,294 14,523 14,512 13,721 13,259 13,066 11,440 Capacity 110.4% 100.1% 100.0% 116.0% 102.6% 99.2% 97.9% 100.0% 106.0% 100.9% 100.0% 96.6% 97.4% 98.7% 100.2% 94.7% 100.0% 93.6% 98.8% 100.0% 95.5% 94.5% 89.7% 101.9% 85.2% 82.3% 75.6% 83.9% 76.3% 61.2% NHL Standings January 2016 Eastern Conference WIN% GP W L OTL PTS ATLANTIC Florida .583 48 28 15 5 61 Tampa Bay .542 48 26 18 4 56 Detroit .500 48 24 16 8 56 Boston .532 47 25 17 5 55 Montreal .500 48 24 20 4 52 Ottawa .469 49 23 20 6 52 Toronto .370 46 17 20 9 43 Buffalo .396 48 19 25 4 42 METROPOLITAN Washington .761 46 35 8 3 73 NY Rangers .542 48 26 17 5 57 NY Islanders .543 46 25 15 6 56 New Jersey .510 49 25 19 5 55 Pittsburgh .489 47 23 17 7 53 Carolina .440 50 22 20 8 52 Philadelphia .444 45 20 17 8 48 Columbus .347 49 17 27 5 39 Western Conference WIN% GP W L OTL PTS CENTRAL Chicago .635 52 33 15 4 70 Dallas .612 49 30 14 5 65 St. Louis .538 52 28 16 8 64 Colorado .520 50 26 21 3 55 Minnesota .479 48 23 17 8 54 Nashville .458 48 22 18 8 52 Winnipeg .438 48 21 24 3 45 PACIFIC Los Angeles San Jose Arizona Vancouver Anaheim Calgary Edmonton .625 .532 .489 .408 .457 .457 .380 48 47 47 49 46 46 50 30 25 23 20 21 21 19 15 18 19 18 18 22 26 3 4 5 11 7 3 5 63 54 51 51 49 45 43 National Hockey League Expansion: Plan B Current 30 Club Alignment Eastern Conference Western Conference ATLANTIC Boston Bruins Montreal Canadiens Florida Panthers Detroit Red Wings Ottawa Senators Toronto Maple Leafs Buffalo Sabres Tampa Bay Lightning CENTRAL Chicago Blackhawks St. Louis Blues Minnesota Wild Dallas Stars Winnipeg Jets Nashville Predators Colorado Avalanche METROPOLITAN NY Rangers NY Islanders New Jersey Devils Pittsburgh Penguins Philadelphia Fyers Washington Capitals Carolina Hurricanes Columbus Blue Jackets PACIFIC Los Angeles Kings San Jose Sharks Anaheim Ducks Arizona Coyotes Vancouver Canucks Calgary Flames Edmonton Oilers Relocation Realignment Expansion John Vrooman, Vanderbilt University Proposed NHL Expansion 32 Clubs Eastern Conference Western Conference Orr Division Northeast Boston Bruins Montreal Canadiens Hartford Whalers (Florida) Quebec City (Expansion) Hull Division Midwest Chicago Blackhawks St. Louis Blues Minnesota Wild Columbus (New Conference) Great Lakes Detroit Red Wings Ottawa Senators Toronto Maple Leafs Buffalo Sabres Mid-South Dallas Stars Winnipeg Jets Nashville Predators Colorado Avalanche Lemieux Division Metropolitan NY Rangers NY Islanders New Jersey Devils Tampa Bay (New Division) Gretzky Division Southwest Los Angeles Kings San Jose Sharks Anaheim Ducks Las Vegas (Arizona) Mid-Atlantic Pittsburgh Penguins Philadelphia Fyers Washington Capitals Carolina Hurricanes Northwest Vancouver Canucks Calgary Flames Edmonton Oilers Seattle (Expansion) Quebec City (Exp) Seattle (Exp) Florida to Hartford Tampa to Metro Arizona to Las Vegas http://www.tomfulery.com/nhl‐realignment‐maps/ Big 4 Win Distributions for 2015 NFL Carolina Panthers Arizona Cardinals Cincinnati Bengals Denver Broncos New England Patriots Kansas City Chiefs Minnesota Vikings Green Bay Packers New York Jets Pittsburgh Steelers Seattle Seahawks Houston Texans Washington Redskins Atlanta Falcons Buffalo Bills Indianapolis Colts Detroit Lions New Orleans Saints Oakland Raiders Philadelphia Eagles St. Louis Rams Chicago Bears Miami Dolpins New York Giants Tampa Buccaneers Baltimore Ravens Jacksonville Jaguars San Francisco 49ers Dallas Cowboys San Diego Chargers Cleveland Browns Tennessee Titans .938 .813 .750 .750 .750 .688 .688 .625 .625 .625 .625 .563 .563 .500 .500 .500 .438 .438 .438 .438 .438 .375 .375 .375 .375 .313 .313 .313 .250 .250 .188 .188 ideal for n=16 actual for 2015 balance index .125 .190 .656 MLB St. Louis Cardinals Pittsburgh Pirates Chicago Cubs Kansas City Royals Toronto Blue Jays Los Angeles Dodgers N.Y. Mets Texas Rangers N.Y. Yankees Houston Astros Los Angeles Angels San Francisco Giants Minnesota Twins Washington Nationals Cleveland Indians Baltimore Orioles Tampa Bay D-Rays Arizona D-Backs Boston Red Sox Chicago White Sox Seattle Mariners Detroit Tigers San Diego Padres Miami Marlins Colorado Rockies Milwaukee Brewers Oakland Athletics Atlanta Braves Cincinnati Reds Philadelphia Phillies ∗ .5⁄ ideal for n=162 actual for 2015 balance index Source: John Vrooman, Vanderbilt University .617 .605 .599 .586 .574 .568 .556 .543 .537 .531 .525 .519 .512 .512 .503 .500 .494 .488 .481 .469 .469 .460 .457 .438 .420 .420 .420 .414 .395 .389 NBA Golden State Warriors Atlanta Hawks Houston Rockets Los Angeles Clippers Memphis Grizzlies San Antonio Spurs Cleveland Cavaliers Portland Trail Blazers Chicago Bulls Dallas Mavericks Toronto Raptors Washington Wizards New Orleans Hornets Oklahoma City Thunder Milwaukee Bucks Boston Celtics Phoenix Suns Brooklyn Nets Indiana Pacers Utah Jazz Miami Heat Charlotte Bobcats Detroit Pistons Denver Nuggets Sacramento Kings Orlando Magic Los Angeles Lakers Philadelphia 76ers New York Knicks Minnesota T-Wolves .817 .732 .683 .683 .671 .671 .646 .622 .610 .610 .598 .561 .549 .549 .500 .488 .476 .463 .463 .463 .451 .402 .390 .366 .354 .305 .256 .220 .207 .195 NHL New York Rangers Anaheim Ducks St. Louis Blues Montreal Canadiens Tampa Bay Lightning Chicago Blackhawks Vancouver Canucks Nashville Predators New York Islanders Minnesota Wild Calgary Flames Washington Capitals Detroit Red Wings Ottawa Senators Pittsburgh Penguins Winnipeg Jets Columbus Blue Jackets Boston Bruins Dallas Stars Los Angeles Kings San Jose Sharks Colorado Avalanche Florida Panthers Philadelphia Flyers New Jersey Devils Carolina Hurricanes Toronto Maple Leafs Phoenix Coyotes Edmonton Oilers Buffalo Sabres .646 .622 .622 .610 .610 .585 .585 .573 .573 .561 .549 .549 .524 .524 .524 .524 .512 .500 .500 .488 .488 .476 .463 .402 .390 .366 .366 .293 .293 .280 .055 .164 .336 ideal for n=82 actual for 2014-15 balance index .055 .103 .538 balance = .039 .064 .610 ideal for n=82 actual for 2014-15 balance index Does it pay to win in the NFL? ($M) Years Win% Period Win% TVHH Base 1 2015 -$225.9 $470.3 $1,268.6 5 2011-2015 $1,307.5 $474.9 $493.6 10 2006-2015 $1,919.6 $446.0 $237.3 15 2001-2015 $1,972.4 $452.1 $200.6 20 1996-2015 $2,549.6 $465.4 -$106.6 Value = Base + b (Win%) + c (TVHH) coefficients significant @ .01 2015 averages: NFL Values=$1965.9; Win%=.500; TVHH=1.723 Source: John Vrooman, Vanderbilt University National Football League Franchise Values 2015 Rank 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 Team Value Dallas Cowboys $4,000 New England Patriots $3,200 Washington Redskins $2,850 New York Giants $2,800 San Francisco 49ers $2,700 New York Jets $2,600 Houston Texans $2,500 Chicago Bears $2,450 Philadelphia Eagles $2,400 Green Bay Packers $1,950 Denver Broncos $1,940 Baltimore Ravens $1,930 Pittsburgh Steelers $1,900 Indianapolis Colts $1,880 Seattle Seahawks $1,870 Miami Dolphins $1,850 Atlanta Falcons $1,670 Minnesota Vikings $1,590 Carolina Panthers $1,560 Arizona Cardinals $1,540 Kansas City Chiefs $1,530 San Diego Chargers $1,530 New Orleans Saints $1,520 Tampa Bay Buccaneers $1,510 Cleveland Browns $1,500 Tennessee Titans $1,490 Jacksonville Jaguars $1,480 St Louis Rams $1,450 Cincinnati Bengals $1,450 Detroit Lions $1,440 Oakland Raiders $1,430 Buffalo Bills $1,400 32 Team Average $1,966 Source: John Vrooman and Forbes D/V Revenue 5% $620 7% $494 8% $439 18% $400 21% $427 23% $383 7% $383 4% $352 8% $370 6% $347 6% $346 14% $345 11% $334 3% $321 6% $334 19% $322 51% $303 31% $281 4% $325 10% $308 5% $307 7% $304 5% $322 12% $313 13% $313 10% $318 7% $315 8% $290 7% $296 19% $298 14% $285 14% $296 12% $347 Income $270.0 $195.0 $124.9 $105.2 $123.7 $118.4 $114.6 $85.7 $88.7 $63.3 $65.8 $59.8 $54.0 $90.1 $43.6 $41.5 $25.4 $34.5 $77.8 $57.2 $48.6 $64.8 $70.0 $55.2 $34.7 $50.5 $67.0 $34.0 $55.5 $36.1 $39.0 $44.2 $76.2 V/R 6.45 6.48 6.49 7.00 6.32 6.79 6.53 6.96 6.49 5.62 5.61 5.59 5.69 5.86 5.60 5.75 5.51 5.66 4.80 5.00 4.98 5.03 4.72 4.82 4.79 4.69 4.70 5.00 4.90 4.83 5.02 4.73 5.67 Major League Baseball Franchise Values 2015 Rank 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 Team Value New York Yankees $3,200 Los Angeles Dodgers $2,400 Boston Red Sox $2,100 San Francisco Giants $2,000 Chicago Cubs $1,800 St Louis Cardinals $1,400 New York Mets $1,350 Los Angeles Angels $1,300 Washington Nationals $1,280 Philadelphia Phillies $1,250 Texas Rangers $1,220 Atlanta Braves $1,150 Detroit Tigers $1,125 Seattle Mariners $1,100 Baltimore Orioles $1,000 Chicago White Sox $975 Pittsburgh Pirates $900 Minnesota Twins $895 San Diego Padres $890 Cincinnati Reds $885 Milwaukee Brewers $875 Toronto Blue Jays $870 Colorado Rockies $855 Arizona Diamondbacks $840 Cleveland Indians $825 Houston Astros $800 Oakland Athletics $725 Kansas City Royals $700 Miami Marlins $650 Tampa Bay Rays $625 30-Team Averages $1,200 Source: John Vrooman and Forbes D/V Revenue 0% $508 17% $403 0% $370 4% $387 24% $302 21% $294 26% $263 0% $304 27% $287 8% $265 13% $266 0% $267 15% $254 0% $250 15% $245 5% $227 10% $229 25% $223 22% $224 6% $227 6% $226 0% $227 7% $214 17% $211 9% $207 34% $175 8% $202 8% $231 34% $188 22% $188 13% $262 Income $8.1 ($12.2) $49.2 $68.4 $73.3 $73.6 $25.0 $16.7 $41.4 ($39.0) $3.5 $33.2 ($20.7) $26.4 $31.4 $31.9 $43.6 $21.3 $35.0 $2.2 $11.3 ($17.9) $12.6 ($2.2) $8.9 $21.6 $20.8 $26.6 $15.4 $7.9 $20.6 V/R 6.30 5.96 5.68 5.17 5.96 4.76 5.13 4.28 4.46 4.72 4.59 4.31 4.43 4.40 4.08 4.30 3.93 4.01 3.97 3.90 3.87 3.83 4.00 3.98 3.99 4.57 3.59 3.03 3.46 3.32 4.58 National Basketball Association Franchise Values 2015 Rank 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 Team Value Los Angeles Lakers $2,600 New York Knicks $2,500 Chicago Bulls $2,000 Boston Celtics $1,700 Los Angeles Clippers $1,600 Brooklyn Nets $1,500 Golden State Warriors $1,300 Houston Rockets $1,250 Miami Heat $1,175 Dallas Mavericks $1,150 San Antonio Spurs $1,000 Portland Trail Blazers $940 Oklahoma City Thunder $930 Toronto Raptors $920 Cleveland Cavaliers $915 Phoenix Suns $910 Washington Wizards $900 Orlando Magic $875 Denver Nuggets $855 Utah Jazz $850 Indiana Pacers $830 Atlanta Hawks $825 Detroit Pistons $810 Sacramento Kings $800 Memphis Grizzlies $750 Charlotte Bobcats $725 Philadelphia 76ers $700 New Orleans Pelicans $650 Minnesota Timberwolves $625 Milwaukee Bucks $600 30-Team Averages $1,106 Source: John Vrooman and Forbes D/V Revenue 2% $293 0% $278 3% $201 9% $173 0% $146 19% $212 12% $168 8% $175 8% $188 17% $168 8% $172 11% $153 15% $152 16% $151 22% $149 20% $145 14% $143 17% $143 1% $136 6% $142 18% $139 21% $133 23% $144 29% $125 23% $135 21% $130 21% $125 19% $131 16% $128 29% $110 14% $159.6 Income $104.1 $53.4 $65.3 $54.9 $20.1 ($99.4) $44.9 $38.0 $12.6 $30.4 $40.9 $11.7 $30.8 $17.9 $20.6 $28.2 $10.1 $20.9 $14.0 $32.7 $25.0 $14.8 $17.6 $8.9 $10.5 $1.2 $24.4 $19.0 $6.9 $11.5 $23.1 V/R 8.87 8.99 9.95 9.83 10.96 7.08 7.74 7.14 6.25 6.85 5.81 6.14 6.12 6.09 6.14 6.28 6.29 6.12 6.29 5.99 5.97 6.20 5.63 6.40 5.56 5.58 5.60 4.96 4.88 5.45 6.93 National Hockey League Franchise Values 2015 Rank Team 2015 1 New York Rangers 2 Montreal Canadiens 3 Toronto Maple Leafs 4 Chicago Blackhawks 5 Boston Bruins 6 Vancouver Canucks 7 Philadelphia Flyers 8 Detroit Red Wings 9 Los Angeles Kings 10 Washington Capitals 11 Pittsburgh Penguins 12 Edmonton Oilers 13 Dallas Stars 14 San Jose Sharks 15 Calgary Flames 16 Anaheim Ducks 17 Minnesota Wild 18 Ottawa Senators 19 Colorado Avalanche 20 Winnipeg Jets 21 New Jersey Devils 22 New York Islanders 23 Buffalo Sabres 24 St Louis Blues 25 Tampa Bay Lightning 26 Nashville Predators 27 Columbus Blue Jackets 28 Carolina Hurricanes 29 Arizona Coyotes 30 Florida Panthers 30-Team Averages Source: John Vrooman and Forbes Value $1,200 $1,175 $1,150 $925 $750 $745 $660 $600 $580 $565 $560 $455 $450 $445 $435 $400 $380 $370 $360 $350 $330 $325 $300 $270 $260 $255 $226 $225 $220 $186 $505 D/V Revenue 0% $229 20% $219 11% $192 0% $182 0% $158 11% $152 9% $146 33% $135 16% $132 23% $132 20% $151 18% $119 33% $132 11% $126 6% $130 16% $122 30% $125 34% $119 0% $106 37% $116 79% $125 31% $93 27% $113 24% $111 17% $121 33% $110 33% $99 53% $99 63% $92 62% $93 25% $132.6 Income $83.1 $91.3 $70.0 $44.8 $26.6 $35.5 $13.6 $3.7 $2.2 $5.8 $20.2 $17.2 $17.5 $8.2 $25.9 ($0.8) $1.1 $18.5 ($3.7) $10.9 $4.5 ($14.0) $2.8 ($7.1) ($1.4) $2.0 $4.5 ($11.7) ($4.5) ($20.2) $14.9 V/R 5.24 5.37 5.99 5.08 4.75 4.90 4.52 4.44 4.39 4.28 3.71 3.82 3.41 3.53 3.35 3.28 3.04 3.11 3.40 3.02 2.64 3.49 2.65 2.43 2.15 2.32 2.28 2.27 2.39 2.00 3.81 NA Big Four and European Big Five League Revenues 2014 ($ Billions) League Revenues TV Revenues TV Percent Player Cost National Football League $10.0 $6.6 66% 49% Major League Baseball $8.0 $1.6 19% 47% English Premier League $5.3 $2.9 54% 58% National Basketball Association $4.8 $2.6 54% 46% National Hockey League $3.7 $0.6 17% 50% German Bundesliga $3.2 $0.9 27% 49% Spanish La Liga $2.7 $1.1 40% 60% Italian Serie A $2.3 $1.2 50% 70% French Ligue 1 $2.1 $1.0 47% 64% Source: Vrooman Sports Economics and Deloitte Sports Business Group E-rate 6/30/2014: 1€= £.833 = $1.37 Expected EPL TV rights of £3 billion per season 2016-19 will jump to $4.7 billion at 1£ = $1.5 TVRightsFees $7,000 $6,580 $6,000 $5,000 $4,065 $4,000 $2,600 $3,000 $2,000 $930 $1,000 $1,550 $803 $633 $148 $771 $545 $608 $175 $0 NFL NBA MLB NHL Annualrights NCAAB CFP/BCS Previousfees TV RIGHTS FEES EXPLOSION League National Football League (season) National Basketball Association (season) Major League Baseball (season) National Hockey League (season) NCAAB Tournament (67 games) BCS/College Football Playoff (7 games) Source: Vanderbilt Sports Economics Annual rights fees Years $6,580,000,000 9 $2,600,000,000 9 $1,550,000,000 8 $633,000,000 10 $771,000,000 24 $608,000,000 12 Term Previous fees Growth 2014-22 $4,065,000,000 1.62 2016-25 $930,000,000 2.80 2014-21 $803,000,000 1.93 2012-21 $148,000,000 4.28 2011-34 $545,000,000 1.41 2015-27 $175,000,000 3.47 CFPPayouts $90.0 $87.5 $83.5 $80.0 $69.8 $70.0 $60.0 $60.0 $60.0 $58.0 $50.0 $40.0 $30.2 $30.2 $30.0 $23.9 $30.2 $30.2 $28.9 $20.0 $10.0 $0.0 SEC ACC PAC12 BIG10 CFP2015 BCS2014 BIG12 POWER5 FBS BUDGET 2013-14 Texas Alabama Michigan LSU Notre Dame Georgia Oklahoma Tennessee Florida Penn State Washington Ohio State Nebraska Texas A&M Florida State Arkansas Oregon South Carolina Iowa Michigan State Auburn Arizona State Oklahoma State Wisconsin Southern California Mississippi Virginia Tech Clemson Texas Christian Minnesota Syracuse Texas Tech North Carolina State Utah Stanford Georgia Tech Kentucky Missouri Miami California North Carolina Kansas State Northwestern Iowa State UCLA Illinois Arizona Colorado Oregon State Baylor Pittsburgh Virginia Mississippi State Washington State Louisville Indiana Duke Vanderbilt Boston College Kansas Brigham Young Maryland Central Florida Rutgers Purdue Boise State Wake Forest West Virginia CONF REVENUE EXPENSE PROFIT 5%-REV SALARY Big 12 $112.51 $38.43 $74.08 $5.63 $5.00 SEC $94.99 $41.72 $53.27 $4.75 $7.16 Big Ten $91.38 $26.76 $64.63 $4.57 $2.86 SEC $87.87 $37.86 $50.01 $4.39 $4.37 Ind. $80.56 $32.76 $47.80 $4.03 $1.46 SEC $77.16 $27.25 $49.91 $3.86 $3.31 Big 12 $71.37 $28.11 $43.26 $3.57 $5.06 SEC $70.48 $21.67 $48.81 $3.52 $2.96 SEC $69.25 $23.04 $46.21 $3.46 $2.73 Big Ten $68.02 $31.49 $36.53 $3.40 $4.30 PAC-12 $67.73 $29.10 $38.63 $3.39 $3.68 Big Ten $65.77 $23.38 $42.39 $3.29 $4.54 Big Ten $60.16 $23.84 $36.32 $3.01 $3.08 SEC $57.72 $23.73 $34.00 $2.89 $5.01 ACC $57.39 $32.86 $24.53 $2.87 $3.59 SEC $57.06 $28.07 $28.98 $2.85 $3.21 PAC-12 $55.98 $18.23 $37.75 $2.80 $2.00 SEC $55.62 $26.10 $29.51 $2.78 $4.02 Big Ten $53.62 $24.13 $29.49 $2.68 $4.08 Big Ten $52.79 $26.68 $26.12 $2.64 $5.64 SEC $49.64 $49.64 $0.00 $2.48 $3.85 PAC-12 $48.98 $27.12 $21.86 $2.45 $2.70 Big 12 $48.64 $22.23 $26.41 $2.43 $3.50 Big Ten $47.28 $31.28 $16.00 $2.36 $2.29 PAC-12 $44.84 $30.28 $14.57 $2.24 $4.25 SEC $43.99 $24.17 $19.83 $2.20 $3.02 ACC $43.37 $22.39 $20.98 $2.17 $2.66 ACC $42.43 $24.75 $17.68 $2.12 $3.18 Big 12 $40.45 $34.65 $5.80 $2.02 $4.01 Big Ten $39.82 $27.76 $12.06 $1.99 $2.10 ACC $38.53 $23.62 $14.91 $1.93 $1.40 Big 12 $38.26 $16.00 $22.26 $1.91 $2.61 ACC $38.02 $17.99 $20.03 $1.90 $1.80 PAC-12 $36.85 $16.14 $20.71 $1.84 $2.20 PAC-12 $36.75 $20.86 $15.88 $1.84 $2.01 ACC $34.31 $18.99 $15.31 $1.72 $2.59 SEC $34.08 $17.21 $16.87 $1.70 $2.70 SEC $34.06 $21.42 $12.64 $1.70 $3.40 ACC $33.53 $27.92 $5.61 $1.68 $2.25 PAC-12 $33.27 $22.18 $11.09 $1.66 $1.81 ACC $33.26 $17.98 $15.28 $1.66 $1.83 Big 12 $32.73 $16.64 $16.09 $1.64 $2.90 Big Ten $31.48 $22.64 $8.84 $1.57 $2.48 Big 12 $30.97 $14.46 $16.51 $1.55 $1.81 PAC-12 $30.35 $24.09 $6.26 $1.52 $3.25 Big Ten $30.32 $16.56 $13.76 $1.52 $1.95 PAC-12 $29.26 $28.20 $1.06 $1.46 $3.30 PAC-12 $28.43 $17.35 $11.08 $1.42 $2.01 PAC-12 $28.33 $14.37 $13.96 $1.42 $1.51 Big 12 $28.32 $24.57 $3.74 $1.42 $3.14 ACC $28.23 $20.20 $8.03 $1.41 $1.58 ACC $28.23 $20.19 $8.03 $1.41 $2.30 SEC $27.14 $15.30 $11.84 $1.36 $3.00 PAC-12 $26.99 $15.71 $11.28 $1.35 $2.75 ACC $26.52 $21.57 $4.95 $1.33 $3.00 Big Ten $26.24 $17.65 $8.59 $1.31 $1.30 ACC $25.24 $20.58 $4.66 $1.26 $1.84 SEC $24.98 $21.50 $3.47 $1.25 $2.25 ACC $23.99 $19.92 $4.07 $1.20 $1.75 Big 12 $23.18 $14.84 $8.33 $1.16 $2.50 Ind. $22.21 $15.24 $6.98 $1.11 $2.00 Big Ten $21.72 $15.40 $6.32 $1.09 $2.03 AAC $21.27 $19.64 $1.63 $1.06 $1.80 Big Ten $20.81 $19.22 $1.59 $1.04 $0.99 Big Ten $19.79 $15.33 $4.46 $0.99 $2.09 Mt. West $18.98 $11.52 $7.45 $0.95 $1.00 ACC $18.69 $18.69 $0.00 $0.93 $2.25 Big 12 $18.61 $16.98 $1.63 $0.93 $3.08 RATIO 4.4% 7.5% 3.1% 5.0% 1.8% 4.3% 7.1% 4.2% 3.9% 6.3% 5.4% 6.9% 5.1% 8.7% 6.3% 5.6% 3.6% 7.2% 7.6% 10.7% 7.8% 5.5% 7.2% 4.8% 9.5% 6.9% 6.1% 7.5% 9.9% 5.3% 3.6% 6.8% 4.7% 6.0% 5.5% 7.6% 7.9% 10.0% 6.7% 5.4% 5.5% 8.9% 7.9% 5.8% 10.7% 6.4% 11.3% 7.1% 5.3% 11.1% 5.6% 8.2% 11.1% 10.2% 11.3% 5.0% 7.3% 9.0% 7.3% 10.8% 9.0% 9.4% 8.5% 4.7% 10.6% 5.3% 12.0% 16.6% HEAD COACH Charlie Strong Nick Saban Brady Hoke Les Miles Brian Kelly Mark Richt Bob Stoops Butch Jones Will Muschamp James Franklin Chris Petersen Urban Meyer Bo Pelini Kevin Sumlin Jimbo Fisher Bret Bielema Mark Helfrich Steve Spurrier Kirk Ferentz Mark Dantonio Gus Malzahn Todd Graham Mike Gundy Gary Andersen Steve Sarkisian Hugh Freeze Frank Beamer Dabo Swinney Gary Patterson Jerry Kill Scott Shafer Kliff Kingsbury Dave Doeren Kyle Whittingham David Shaw Paul Johnson Mark Stoops Gary Pinkel Al Golden Sonny Dykes Larry Fedora Bill Snyder Pat Fitzgerald Paul Rhoads Jim Mora Tim Beckman Rich Rodriguez Mike MacIntyre Mike Riley Art Briles Paul Chryst Mike London Dan Mullen Mike Leach Bobby Petrino Kevin Wilson David Cutcliffe Derek Mason Steve Addazio Charlie Weis Bronco Mendenhall Randy Edsall George O'Leary Kyle Flood Darrell Hazell Bryan Harsin Dave Clawson Dana Holgorsen FBS BUDGET 2013-14 Cincinnati South Florida Southern Methodist Temple Colorado State Memphis San Diego State Texas-El Paso Rice Fresno State Connecticut Tulsa East Carolina Hawaii Wyoming Houston North Texas Middle Tennessee State Alabama at Birmingham Marshall Florida Atlantic Ohio Nevada-Las Vegas Northern Illinois New Mexico Massachusetts Western Kentucky Louisiana-Lafayette Southern Mississippi Toledo Western Michigan Texas-San Antonio Miami (Ohio) South Alabama Florida International New Mexico State Akron Buffalo Tulane Ball State Bowling Green Nevada Utah State Louisiana Tech Georgia State Texas State Arkansas State Idaho Troy Kent State Eastern Michigan Georgia Southern San Jose State Appalachian State Louisiana-Monroe Central Michigan CONF REVENUE EXPENSE PROFIT 5%-REV SALARY RATIO AAC $14.56 $14.56 $0.00 $0.73 $2.20 15.1% AAC $13.89 $12.13 $1.76 $0.69 $1.18 8.5% AAC $12.94 $12.94 $0.00 $0.65 $2.02 15.6% AAC $12.89 $12.89 $0.00 $0.64 $1.30 10.1% Mt. West $12.04 $12.04 $0.00 $0.60 $1.50 12.5% AAC $11.94 $11.94 $0.00 $0.60 $1.01 8.4% Mt. West $11.83 $12.39 -$0.56 $0.59 $0.80 6.8% CUSA $11.76 $8.66 $3.10 $0.59 $0.51 4.3% CUSA $11.54 $11.54 $0.00 $0.58 $0.78 6.8% Mt. West $11.15 $10.32 $0.83 $0.56 $1.44 12.9% AAC $10.63 $14.38 -$3.75 $0.53 $1.50 14.1% AAC $10.01 $10.01 $0.00 $0.50 $0.76 7.6% AAC $9.96 $9.88 $0.08 $0.50 $1.25 12.6% Mt. West $9.82 $9.82 $0.00 $0.49 $0.62 6.3% Mt. West $9.63 $7.51 $2.11 $0.48 $0.83 8.6% AAC $9.38 $9.38 $0.00 $0.47 $1.03 10.9% CUSA $9.13 $7.33 $1.80 $0.46 $0.71 7.8% CUSA $9.04 $9.04 $0.00 $0.45 $0.80 8.9% CUSA $8.98 $8.96 $0.02 $0.45 $0.50 5.6% CUSA $8.64 $8.25 $0.39 $0.43 $0.61 7.1% CUSA $8.44 $8.44 $0.00 $0.42 $0.50 5.9% MAC $8.42 $7.70 $0.71 $0.42 $0.55 6.6% Mt. West $8.34 $8.34 $0.00 $0.42 $0.85 10.2% MAC $8.31 $8.31 $0.00 $0.42 $0.40 4.8% Mt. West $8.03 $8.03 $0.00 $0.40 $0.78 9.8% MAC $7.82 $7.82 $0.00 $0.39 $0.45 5.8% CUSA $7.79 $7.79 $0.00 $0.39 $0.60 7.7% Sun Belt $7.75 $7.75 $0.00 $0.39 $1.00 13.0% CUSA $7.40 $7.40 $0.00 $0.37 $0.70 9.5% MAC $7.39 $7.39 $0.00 $0.37 $0.48 6.5% MAC $7.34 $7.34 $0.00 $0.37 $0.39 5.4% CUSA $7.26 $7.26 $0.00 $0.36 $0.40 5.5% MAC $7.19 $7.19 $0.00 $0.36 $0.45 6.3% Sun Belt $7.16 $7.48 -$0.32 $0.36 $0.47 6.6% CUSA $7.16 $7.16 $0.00 $0.36 $0.55 7.7% Sun Belt $7.01 $7.01 $0.00 $0.35 $0.38 5.4% MAC $6.76 $6.76 $0.00 $0.34 $0.41 6.0% MAC $6.69 $6.69 $0.00 $0.33 $0.38 5.7% AAC $6.59 $10.50 -$3.91 $0.33 $0.87 13.2% MAC $6.51 $6.51 $0.00 $0.33 $0.50 7.7% MAC $6.41 $6.41 $0.00 $0.32 $0.41 6.3% Mt. West $6.39 $6.30 $0.09 $0.32 $0.58 9.0% Mt. West $6.27 $6.27 $0.00 $0.31 $0.58 9.2% CUSA $6.23 $6.02 $0.21 $0.31 $0.51 8.2% Sun Belt $6.13 $6.13 $0.00 $0.31 $0.51 8.3% Sun Belt $6.05 $6.05 $0.00 $0.30 $0.40 6.6% Sun Belt $5.94 $5.94 $0.00 $0.30 $0.70 11.8% Sun Belt $5.89 $5.89 $0.00 $0.29 $0.40 6.8% Sun Belt $5.80 $5.13 $0.66 $0.29 $0.52 9.0% MAC $5.76 $5.18 $0.58 $0.29 $0.38 6.7% MAC $5.55 $6.30 -$0.75 $0.28 $0.43 7.7% Sun Belt $4.57 $4.35 $0.22 $0.23 $0.40 8.7% Mt. West $4.39 $6.67 -$2.28 $0.22 $0.53 12.0% Sun Belt $4.30 $4.30 $0.00 $0.22 $0.23 5.2% Sun Belt $4.11 $4.11 $0.00 $0.21 $0.36 8.7% MAC $3.90 $5.87 -$1.97 $0.19 $0.36 9.2% HEAD COACH Tommy Tuberville Willie Taggart June Jones Matt Rhule Jim McElwain Justin Fuente Rocky Long Sean Kugler David Bailiff Tim DeRuyter Bob Diaco Bill Blankenship Ruffin McNeill Norm Chow Craig Bohl Tony Levine Dan McCarney Rick Stockstill Bill Clark Doc Holliday Charlie Partridge Frank Solich Bobby Hauck Rod Carey Bob Davie Mark Whipple Jeff Brohm Mark Hudspeth Todd Monken Matt Campbell P.J. Fleck Larry Coker Chuck Martin Joey Jones Ron Turner Doug Martin Terry Bowden Jeff Quinn Curtis Johnson Pete Lembo Dino Babers Brian Polian Matt Wells Skip Holtz Trent Miles Dennis Franchione Blake Anderson Paul Petrino Larry Blakeney Paul Haynes Chris Creighton Willie Fritz Ron Caragher Scott Satterfield Todd Berry Dan Enos Concessions 5% NFL Money National TV 37% Marketing 17% Luxury boxes 5% Home games 12% Road games 6% NFL Properties 18% Green Bay Packers' Revenues ($millions) $400 $350 $300 $250 60% $200 National $150 $100 $0 2001 Packers' Revenue Local Revenue National Revenue Operating Income League-wide* Local Revenue* National Revenue* Total NFL Revenue* 40% Local $50 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2001 $43.1 $80.7 $123.8 2002 $47.1 $84.9 $132.0 2003 $60.5 $92.6 $153.1 2004 $79.2 $99.9 $179.1 2005 $89.5 $110.8 $200.3 2006 $93.1 $115.3 $208.4 2007 $93.2 $124.9 $218.1 2008 $105.8 $135.6 $241.3 2009 $100.8 $147.1 $247.9 2010 $100.4 $157.6 $258.0 2011 $119.3 $163.3 $282.6 2012 $130.4 $171.6 $302.0 2013 $128.2 $179.9 $308.1 2014 $136.4 $187.7 $324.1 2015 $149.3 $226.4 $375.7 $1,336 $2,502 $3,838 $1,508 $2,717 $4,224 $1,936 $2,964 $4,899 $2,535 $3,196 $5,731 $2,865 $3,546 $6,411 $2,979 $3,690 $6,669 $2,982 $3,996 $6,978 $3,384 $4,338 $7,723 $3,226 $4,708 $7,934 $3,212 $5,044 $8,256 $3,818 $5,226 $9,043 $4,173 $5,491 $9,664 $4,102 $5,757 $9,859 $4,365 $6,006 $10,371 $4,778 $7,245 $12,022 Local Revenue 34.8% 35.7% National Revenue 65.2% 64.3% *Estimated as multiple of number of team s 39.5% 60.5% 44.2% 55.8% 44.7% 55.3% 44.7% 55.3% 42.7% 57.3% 43.8% 56.2% 40.7% 59.3% 38.9% 61.1% 42.2% 57.8% 43.2% 56.8% 41.6% 58.4% 42.1% 57.9% 39.7% 60.3% NFL Salary Cap Room 2015 NFL Team Jacksonville Jaguars C leveland Browns Tennessee Titans Oakland Raiders C incinnati Bengals Dallas C owboys Atlanta Falcons Green Bay Packers San Francisco 49ers C arolina Panthers Miami Dolphins Philadelphia Eagles Tampa Bay Buccaneers Indianapolis C olts AVERAGE/TEAM Seattle Seahawks Kansas C ity C hiefs C hicago Bears Houston Texans Washington Redskins Minnesota Vikings Arizona C ardinals Baltimore Ravens New England Patriots Pittsburgh Steelers Buffalo Bills Denver Broncos San Diego C hargers New York Jets New York Giants St. Louis Rams New Orleans Saints Detroit Lions TOTAL Source: NFLPA 2015 Salary Cap 2014 Carryover Team Cap $143,280,000 $21,768,205 $133,405,931 $143,280,000 $18,908,285 $139,962,500 $143,280,000 $11,254,828 $133,405,170 $143,280,000 $7,400,000 $132,443,714 $143,280,000 $8,697,310 $134,957,680 $143,280,000 $3,260,740 $131,826,707 $143,280,000 $2,845,290 $130,098,815 $143,280,000 $7,791,106 $136,021,411 $143,280,000 $4,206,936 $135,886,273 $143,280,000 $4,939,773 $136,059,030 $143,280,000 $7,770,411 $139,930,169 $143,280,000 $15,715,700 $146,957,769 $143,280,000 $1,063,033 $133,214,572 $143,280,000 $7,699,867 $141,191,587 $143,280,000 $5,670,168 $138,155,092 $143,280,000 $4,825,000 $138,639,492 $143,280,000 $2,246,790 $136,991,931 $143,280,000 $1,545,934 $136,823,755 $143,280,000 $966,613 $137,923,166 $143,280,000 $108,621 $138,532,710 $143,280,000 $5,723,960 $141,582,305 $143,280,000 $4,256,919 $140,557,466 $143,280,000 $5,791,927 $137,769,295 $143,280,000 $6,442,054 $137,478,636 $143,280,000 $778,469 $137,121,377 $143,280,000 $2,647,907 $138,606,518 $143,280,000 $5,870,000 $144,140,611 $143,280,000 $1,500,000 $137,425,035 $143,280,000 $12,619,394 $151,157,046 $143,280,000 $151,000 $138,626,286 $143,280,000 $0 $140,070,796 $143,280,000 $1,710,130 $140,894,728 $143,280,000 $939,171 $141,260,449 $4,728,240,000 $187,115,541 $4,559,118,022 Cap Room $35,080,176 $21,804,900 $20,948,408 $19,429,042 $17,172,755 $16,751,606 $16,150,000 $15,449,695 $13,969,707 $13,312,607 $12,996,768 $12,914,609 $11,695,317 $11,231,805 $11,227,360 $9,618,246 $9,152,269 $8,344,679 $8,102,580 $8,059,035 $8,045,655 $7,958,400 $7,361,832 $7,065,769 $6,937,092 $6,613,812 $5,925,413 $5,547,577 $4,992,348 $4,785,597 $4,602,591 $4,197,702 $3,057,542 $370,502,894 Estimated NFL Salary Cap Space 2016 Season Team (22 February 2016) Cap Space 2016 Cap 2015 Carryover 2016 Team Cap 2016 Spending Dead Money Jacksonville Jaguars $79,803,211 $155,000,000 $32,837,428 $187,837,428 $107,745,479 $288,738 Oakland Raiders $74,275,436 $155,000,000 $13,404,867 $168,404,867 $93,709,095 $420,336 Chicago Bears $60,453,041 $155,000,000 $1,064,464 $156,064,464 $89,124,626 $6,486,797 New York Giants $58,623,872 $155,000,000 $11,240,106 $166,240,106 $97,910,603 $9,705,631 St. Louis Rams $58,346,856 $155,000,000 $933,521 $155,933,521 $91,126,940 $6,459,725 San Francisco 49ers $55,239,714 $155,000,000 $12,644,186 $167,644,186 $105,788,006 $6,616,466 Tennessee Titans $50,694,155 $155,000,000 $20,830,676 $175,830,676 $118,801,271 $6,335,250 Tampa Bay Buccaneers $49,392,453 $155,000,000 $8,268,998 $163,268,998 $113,486,308 $390,237 Cleveland Browns $42,098,128 $155,000,000 $21,359,144 $176,359,144 $132,647,188 $1,613,828 Cincinnati Bengals $38,723,157 $155,000,000 $7,712,902 $162,712,902 $123,796,474 $193,271 Kansas City Chiefs $32,733,632 $155,000,000 $2,847,838 $157,847,838 $124,880,558 $233,648 Houston Texans $32,094,427 $155,000,000 $3,099,555 $158,099,555 $125,610,546 $394,582 San Diego Chargers $31,774,386 $155,000,000 $2,343,426 $157,343,426 $123,146,867 $2,422,173 NFL Averages $30,138,361 $155,000,000 $6,442,954 $161,442,954 $127,759,949 $3,544,643 Atlanta Falcons $27,489,014 $155,000,000 $3,905,771 $158,905,771 $116,377,511 $15,039,246 Detroit Lions $26,226,314 $155,000,000 $880,941 $155,880,941 $128,294,333 $1,360,294 Philadelphia Eagles $25,998,040 $155,000,000 $7,280,362 $162,280,362 $132,010,114 $4,272,208 Indianapolis Colts $24,559,614 $155,000,000 $4,997,504 $159,997,504 $129,042,916 $6,394,974 Minnesota Vikings $24,534,868 $155,000,000 $2,384,159 $157,384,159 $132,363,905 $485,386 Seattle Seahawks $23,029,279 $155,000,000 $199,087 $155,199,087 $128,891,764 $3,278,044 Carolina Panthers $22,365,540 $155,000,000 $3,749,950 $158,749,950 $132,513,407 $3,871,003 Green Bay Packers $21,865,614 $155,000,000 $7,452,597 $162,452,597 $139,908,390 $678,593 Arizona Cardinals $19,542,095 $155,000,000 $3,084,788 $158,084,788 $138,290,644 $252,049 New York Jets $14,043,256 $155,000,000 $2,484,216 $157,484,216 $142,872,226 $568,734 Washington Redskins $13,372,122 $155,000,000 $6,112,784 $161,112,784 $147,167,498 $573,164 Dallas Cowboys $11,831,119 $155,000,000 $3,852,589 $158,852,589 $146,120,394 $901,076 Miami Dolphins $8,661,763 $155,000,000 $9,137,544 $164,137,544 $150,156,354 $5,319,427 Pittsburgh Steelers $8,445,842 $155,000,000 $3,000,327 $158,000,327 $148,789,297 $765,188 Denver Broncos $8,161,005 $155,000,000 ($700,000) $154,300,000 $145,212,357 $926,638 New Orleans Saints $7,441,957 $155,000,000 $1,400,000 $156,400,000 $126,686,198 $22,271,845 Baltimore Ravens $6,310,966 $155,000,000 $1,633,944 $156,633,944 $150,121,620 $201,358 New England Patriots $6,086,955 $155,000,000 $2,263,507 $157,263,507 $150,778,152 $398,400 Buffalo Bills $209,715 $155,000,000 $4,467,331 $159,467,331 $154,947,341 $4,310,275 NFL Totals $964,427,546 $4,960,000,000 $206,174,512 $5,166,174,512 $4,088,318,382 $113,428,584 2016 Players Share = 48.5% of $11.62B Revenues = $5.64B -12% Player Benefits ($676M)= $4.96B/32 clubs = $155M per club Source: John Vooman and http://overthecap.com/ Jordan Matthews 2014 NFL Draft Round 2, Pick 42 (Eagles) Year 2014 2015 2016 2017 Total Average Base Salary $420,000 $644,967 $869,934 $1,094,901 $3,029,802 $757,451 Prorated Bonus $479,867 $479,867 $479,867 $479,867 $1,919,468 $479,867 Cap Number $899,867 $1,124,834 $1,349,801 $1,574,768 $4,949,270 $1,237,318 Actual Payroll $2,339,468 $644,967 $869,934 $1,094,901 $4,949,270 $1,237,318 Dead Money $479,867 $479,867 $959,734 NBA Payroll Cap for 2015-16 NBA Franchise Oklahoma C ity Thunder Los Angeles C lippers Golden State Warriors C leveland C avaliers Miami Heat C hicago Bulls San Antonio Spurs Houston Rockets Luxury Tax Threshold Brooklyn Nets Washington Wizards Memphis Grizzlies Boston C eltics New Orleans Pelicans C harlotte Hornets Detroit Pistons Phoenix Suns Minnesota Timberwolves New York Knicks Dallas Mavericks Toronto Raptors Milwaukee Bucks Atlanta Hawks Sacramento Kings Indiana Pacers Denver Nuggets Los Angeles Lakers Soft Payroll C ap Orlando Magic Utah Jazz Minimum 90% of C ap Philadelphia 76ers Portland Trail Blazers 2015-16 Payroll $97,157,411 $95,505,710 $95,487,927 $95,408,795 $93,243,897 $89,024,375 $87,071,718 $86,180,389 $84,740,000 $84,685,972 $81,485,782 $80,870,591 $79,579,576 $79,179,865 $77,633,447 $77,439,853 $76,027,682 $74,492,809 $74,030,697 $73,457,818 $73,292,772 $73,168,795 $72,944,738 $72,616,296 $72,487,358 $72,410,868 $72,193,306 $70,000,000 $68,635,095 $64,734,304 $63,100,000 $56,092,788 $50,522,394 Over Tax $12,417,411 $10,765,710 $10,747,927 $10,668,795 $8,503,897 $4,284,375 $2,331,718 $1,440,389 $0 NBA Luxury Tax Rates 2015-16 Tax/Cap Room $22,293,527 $18,162,500 $18,119,818 $17,921,988 $13,631,820 $6,426,563 $3,497,577 $2,160,584 $0 $14,740,000 $1,364,905 $5,265,696 $21,640,000 $13,907,212 $19,477,606 Payroll above tax level Lower Upper Non-repeater Tax rate $0 $4,999,999 $1.50 $5,000,000 $9,999,999 $1.75 $10,000,000 $14,999,999 $2.50 $15,000,000 $19,999,999 $3.25 $20,000,000 N/A $3.75, increasing $.50 for each $5 million. Incremental maximum $7.5 million $8.75 million $12.5 million $16.25 million N/A Repeater Rate (3 of 4 prior seasons) Incremental Tax rate maximum $2.50 $12.50 million $2.75 $13.75 million $3.50 $17.50 million $4.25 $21.25 million N/A $4.75, increasing $.50 for each $5 million. Exploitation of Kevin Durant Season Team KD-Salary Win-share OKC Wins % Wins 2.3 2007-08 SEA $4.171 20 11.5% 7.9 2008-09 OKC $4.484 23 34.3% 12.0 2009-10 OKC $4.797 50 24.0% 12.2 2010-11 OKC $6.054 55 22.2% 16.1 2011-12 OKC $15.507 47 34.3% 2012-13 OKC $16.670 18.9 60 31.5% 2013-14 OKC $17.833 19.2 59 32.5% 2014-15 OKC $18.996 3.6 22 16.4% 2015-16 OKC $20.159 Source: Vrooman Sports Economics %Rev OKCRev $MRP 7.7% $82 $6.29 22.9% $111 $25.41 16.0% $118 $18.88 14.8% $126 $18.63 22.8% $127 $29.00 21.0% $144 $30.24 21.7% $152 $32.97 2007-08 NBA Rookie Scale Pick 1st Year 2nd Year 3rd Year 4th Year 1 3,885.00 4,176.40 4,467.70 26.10% 2 3,476.00 3,736.70 3,997.40 26.20% 3 3,121.50 3,355.60 3,589.70 26.40% 4 2,814.30 3,025.40 3,236.50 26.50% 5 2,548.50 2,739.70 2,930.80 26.70% 6 2,314.80 2,488.40 2,662.00 26.80% 7 2,113.10 2,271.60 2,430.10 27.00% 8 1,935.90 2,081.10 2,226.20 27.20% 9 1,779.50 1,912.90 2,046.40 27.40% 10 1,690.50 1,817.30 1,944.00 27.50% 11 1,605.90 1,726.40 1,846.80 32.70% 12 1,525.60 1,640.10 1,754.50 37.80% 13 1,449.30 1,558.00 1,666.70 42.90% 14 1,376.90 1,480.20 1,583.50 48.10% 15 1,308.00 1,406.10 1,504.20 53.30% 16 1,242.70 1,335.80 1,429.00 53.40% 17 1,180.50 1,269.10 1,357.60 53.60% 18 1,121.50 1,205.60 1,289.70 53.80% 19 1,071.00 1,151.30 1,231.60 54.00% 20 1,028.20 1,105.30 1,182.40 54.20% 21 987 1,061.00 1,135.10 59.30% 22 947.5 1,018.60 1,089.70 64.50% 23 909.7 977.9 1,046.20 69.70% 24 873.2 938.7 1,004.20 74.90% 25 838.3 901.2 964.1 80.10% 26 810.6 871.3 932.1 80.30% 27 787.1 846.2 905.2 80.40% 28 782.3 841 899.7 80.50% 29 776.6 834.9 893.1 80.50% 30 771 828.8 886.6 80.50% NBA CBA Exhibit B NBA Maximum Salary Years 0- 6 7- 9 10+ 30% of cap 35% of cap Max Salary 25% of cap 2011-12 $12,922,194 $15,506,632 $18,091,071 2012-13 $13,668,750 $16,402,500 $19,136,250 2013-14 $13,701,250 $16,441,500 $19,181,750 2014-15 $14,746,000 $17,695,200 $20,644,400 Vrooman Sports Economics %Exploit 33.6% 82.4% 74.6% 67.5% 46.5% 44.9% 45.9% NHL Hard Salary Cap Space 2015-16 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 NHL Team Tampa Bay Lightning Salary C ap (Midpoint + 15%) C hicago Blackhawks Detroit Red Wings Washington C apitals Philadelphia Flyers New York Rangers San Jose Sharks Vancouver C anucks St. Louis Blues Minnesota Wild Pittsburgh Penguins C algary Flames Dallas Stars Toronto Maple Leafs Edmonton Oilers Montreal C anadiens C olumbus Blue Jackets Boston Bruins Los Angeles Kings Anaheim Ducks Ottawa Senators C olorado Avalanche New York Islanders Adjusted Midpoint Florida Panthers Buffalo Sabres C arolina Hurricanes Nashville Predators Winnipeg Jets Arizona C oyotes New Jersey Devils Salary Floor (Midpoint - 15%) Cap Hits $72,037,098 $71,400,000 $71,168,460 $71,024,543 $70,930,959 $70,816,666 $70,574,000 $70,394,996 $70,126,666 $69,678,332 $69,496,335 $69,392,916 $69,205,066 $69,099,166 $68,889,999 $68,511,249 $68,508,333 $67,671,307 $66,635,667 $66,555,227 $63,964,164 $63,500,832 $63,184,760 $62,799,642 $62,100,000 $59,894,183 $59,382,855 $59,161,665 $59,044,223 $58,864,998 $57,574,704 $57,383,331 $52,800,000 Team can exceed the salary cap due to perfo rmance bo nuses M aximum player salary 20% o f cap $ 14,280,000 So urce: http://www.generalfanager.co m/teams Cap Space ($637,098) $0 $231,540 $375,457 $469,041 $583,334 $826,000 $1,005,004 $1,273,334 $1,721,668 $1,903,665 $2,007,084 $2,194,934 $2,300,834 $2,510,001 $2,888,751 $2,891,667 $3,728,693 $4,764,333 $4,844,773 $7,435,836 $7,899,168 $8,215,240 $8,600,358 $9,300,000 $11,505,817 $12,017,145 $12,238,335 $12,355,777 $12,535,002 $13,825,296 $14,016,669 $18,600,000 Hypothetical MLB Salary Cap 2015 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 MLB Team Los Angeles Dodgers New York Yankees C BT (luxury tax) threshold C ap: 66% HTS of average MLB revenue $286.4M Boston Red Sox Detroit Tigers San Francisco Giants Washington Nationals 7Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim Texas Rangers Philadelphia Phillies Average MLB payroll Toronto Blue Jays St. Louis C ardinals Seattle Mariners C hicago C ubs C incinnati Reds C hicago White Sox Kansas C ity Royals Baltimore Orioles Minnesota Twins Milwaukee Brewers C olorado Rockies New York Mets San Diego Padres Atlanta Braves Arizona Diamondbacks Pittsburgh Pirates C leveland Indians Oakland A's Floor: 34% VTS of average revenue-$20M PDX Tampa Bay Rays Houston Astros Miami Marlins 2015 Payroll $272,789,040 $219,282,196 $189,000,000 $189,000,000 $187,407,202 $173,813,750 $172,672,111 $164,920,505 $150,933,083 $142,140,873 $135,827,500 $124,707,037 $122,506,600 $120,869,458 $119,798,060 $119,006,885 $117,197,072 $115,238,678 $113,618,650 $110,146,097 $108,945,000 $105,002,536 $102,006,130 $101,409,244 $100,675,896 $97,578,565 $91,518,833 $88,278,500 $86,091,175 $86,086,667 $77,400,000 $76,061,707 $70,910,100 $68,479,000 MLB Pooled Revenue‐Sharing Transfers 2005 2003 2002 ($76,000,000) ($52,650,000) ($26,640,289) ($52,000,000) ($38,692,000) ($17,896,820) Boston Red Sox ($32,000,000) ($16,731,000) ($8,280,260) Chicago Cubs ($25,000,000) ($31,023,000) ($19,877,788) Seattle Mariners ($24,000,000) ($21,473,000) ($17,366,067) N.Y. Mets ($20,000,000) ($9,490,000) ($9,278,555) Los Angeles Dodgers ($19,000,000) ($9,202,000) ($8,385,888) St. Louis Cardinals ($18,000,000) ($4,833,000) ($3,823,142) Chicago White Sox ($14,000,000) ($12,959,000) ($9,638,790) San Francisco Giants ($11,000,000) $1,874,000 ($1,303,070) Los Angeles Angels ($11,000,000) $1,182,000 ($4,326,392) Houston Astros ($10,000,000) ($11,291,000) ($9,753,575) Atlanta Braves ($35,000) ($7,162,000) ($8,205,165) Texas Rangers $2,000,000 $252,000 ($5,337,479) Baltimore Orioles $3,900,000 $29,517,000 $28,493,994 Washington Nationals $5,700,000 $13,250,000 $6,283,572 San Diego Padres $5,800,000 $9,013,000 $9,834,124 Philadelphia Phillies $6,000,000 ($4,828,000) ($10,612,923) Cleveland Indians $13,000,000 $1,456,000 ($3,255,682) Arizona D‐Backs $16,000,000 $2,469,000 ($5,127,222) Colorado Rockies $16,000,000 $6,469,000 $9,807,244 Cincinnati Reds $19,000,000 $11,756,000 $9,201,545 Oakland Athletics $22,000,000 $17,249,000 $12,977,421 Minnesota Twins $24,000,000 $16,555,000 $8,502,007 Milwaukee Brewers $25,000,000 $13,299,000 $6,400,652 Pittsburgh Pirates $25,000,000 $16,738,000 $11,615,688 Detroit Tigers $30,000,000 $19,042,000 $16,629,872 Kansas City Royals $31,000,000 $18,735,000 $13,691,953 Toronto Blue Jays $31,000,000 $21,030,000 $20,946,573 Miami Marlins $33,000,000 $20,464,000 $14,724,463 Tampa Bay D‐Rays Transfer $308,400,000 $220,350,000 $169,109,108 Source: John Vrooman & Maury Brown MLB TEAM N.Y. Yankees MLB Luxury Tax (CBT) since 2002 CBA Year CBT Threshold NY Yankees LA Dodgers Boston Red Sox LA Angels Detroit Tigers SF Giants 2003 $117,000,000 $11,798,357 2004 $120,500,000 $25,964,060 $3,148,962 $927,057 2005 $128,000,000 $34,053,787 $4,148,981 2006 $136,500,000 $26,009,039 $497,549 2007 $148,000,000 $23,881,386 $6,064,287 2008 $155,000,000 $26,862,702 $1,305,220 2009 $162,000,000 $25,689,173 2010 $170,000,000 $18,029,654 $1,487,149 2011 $178,000,000 $13,896,069 $3,430,810 2012 $178,000,000 $18,917,994 2013 $178,000,000 $28,113,945 $11,415,959 2014 $189,000,000 $18,300,000 $26,621,125 2015 $189,000,000 $26,075,394 $43,728,119 $1,878,222 $1,335,533 2016 $189,000,000 TOTALS $297,591,560 $81,765,203 $20,655,960 $927,057 $1,305,220 $1,335,533 Luxury Tax rates: 1st time 17.5%, 2nd time 30%, 3rd time 40%, 4th time or more 50% of amount over payroll threshold. Source: John Vrooman MLB Luxury Tax in 2015 Club LA Dodgers NY Yankees Boston Red Sox SF Giants CBT Threshold 40‐man Payroll Over Threshold Tax Rate $298,320,297 $109,320,297 40.0% $241,150,787 $52,150,787 50.0% $199,732,694 $10,732,694 17.5% $196,631,618 $7,631,618 17.5% $189,000,000 … … Luxury Tax $43,728,119 $26,075,394 $1,878,221 $1,335,533 … MAJOR LEAGUE BASEBALL SELECTED PLAYER CONTRACTS JOSH HAMILTON: 5 years/$125M (2013-17) Year Age Team G Salary WAR $M/WAR 2007 26 Cincinnati Reds 90 $380,000 2.5 $0.15 2008 27 Texas Rangers 156 $396,830 5.4 $0.07 $555,000 0.6 $0.93 2009 28 Texas Rangers 89 2010 29 Texas Rangers 133 $3,250,000 8.7 $0.37 2011 30 Texas Rangers 121 $8,750,000 3.7 $2.36 3.9 $3.53 2012 31 Texas Rangers 148 $13,750,000 2013 32 Los Angeles Angels 151 $17,000,000 1.5 $11.33 2014 33 Los Angeles Angels 89 $17,000,000 1.4 $12.14 $20,710,000 2015 34 Los Angeles Angels 39 $25,400,000 2016 35 Texas Rangers $26,410,000 $28,410,000 $28,410,000 $26,410,000 2017 36 Texas Rangers MIKE TROUT: 6 years/$144.5M Year Age Team 2011 19 Los Angeles Angels 2012 20 Los Angeles Angels 2013 21 Los Angeles Angels 2014 22 Los Angeles Angels 2015 23 Los Angeles Angels 2016 24 Los Angeles Angels 2017 25 Los Angeles Angels 2018 26 Los Angeles Angels 2019 27 Los Angeles Angels 2020 28 Los Angeles Angels CARLOS BELTRAN: 3 years/$45M (2014-16) Year Age Team G Salary WAR $M/WAR 1998 21 Kansas City Royals 14 $170,000 0.3 $0.57 1999 22 Kansas City Royals 156 $200,000 4.7 $0.04 2000 23 Kansas City Royals 98 $350,000 0.8 $0.44 2001 24 Kansas City Royals 155 $425,000 6.4 $0.07 2002 25 Kansas City Royals 162 $3,500,000 4.3 $0.81 2003 26 Kansas City Royals 141 $6,000,000 5.8 $1.03 2004 27 Kansas City Royals 69 $9,000,000 2.3 $1.32 2004 HOU:Trade 90 4.5 $1.32 2005 28 New York Mets 151 $11,571,429 2.9 $3.99 2006 29 New York Mets 140 $13,571,428 8.2 $1.66 2007 30 New York Mets 144 $13,571,429 5.4 $2.51 2008 31 New York Mets 161 $18,622,809 6.9 $2.70 2009 32 New York Mets 81 $19,243,682 3.6 $5.35 2010 33 New York Mets 64 $19,401,569 0.7 $27.72 2011 34 New York Mets 98 $19,325,436 3.6 $4.20 2011 SFG:Trade 44 1.0 $4.20 2012 35 St. Louis C ardinals 151 $13,000,000 3.9 $3.33 2013 36 St. Louis C ardinals 145 $13,000,000 2.4 $5.42 2014 37 New York Yankees 109 $15,000,000 -0.2 -$75.00 2015 38 New York Yankees $15,000,000 0.8 $18.75 2016 39 New York Yankees $15,000,000 CC SABATHIA: 5 years/$122M (2012-16), plus 2017 option Year Age Team G Salary WAR $M/WAR 2001 20 Cleveland Indians 33 $200,000 2.9 $0.07 2002 21 C leveland Indians 33 $700,000 3.2 $0.22 2003 22 C leveland Indians 30 $1,100,000 3.7 $0.30 2004 23 C leveland Indians 30 $2,700,000 3 $0.90 2005 24 C leveland Indians 31 $5,250,000 1.8 $2.92 2006 25 C leveland Indians 28 $7,000,000 4.6 $1.52 2007 26 C leveland Indians 34 $8,750,000 6.3 $1.39 2008 27 C leveland Indians 18 $11,000,000 1.9 $1.62 2008 MIL:Trade 17 4.9 $1.62 2009 28 New York Yankees 34 $15,285,714 6.2 $2.47 2010 29 New York Yankees 34 $24,285,714 4.6 $5.28 2011 30 New York Yankees 33 $24,285,714 7.5 $3.24 2012 31 New York Yankees 28 $23,000,000 3.5 $6.57 2013 32 New York Yankees 32 $23,000,000 0.3 $76.67 2014 33 New York Yankees 8 $23,000,000 -0.6 -$38.33 2015 34 New York Yankees $23,000,000 0.3 $76.67 2016 35 New York Yankees $25,000,000 2017 36 New York Yankees $25,000,000 CLAYTON KERSHAW: 7 years/$215M (2014-20) Year Age Team G Salary WAR $M/WAR 2008 20 Los Angeles Dodgers 22 $390,000 1.4 $0.28 2009 21 Los Angeles Dodgers 31 $404,000 4.7 $0.09 2010 22 Los Angeles Dodgers 32 $440,000 5.5 $0.08 2011 23 Los Angeles Dodgers 33 $500,000 6.5 $0.08 2012 24 Los Angeles Dodgers 33 $8,000,000 6.2 $1.29 2013 25 Los Angeles Dodgers 33 $11,000,000 7.8 $1.41 2014 26 Los Angeles Dodgers 27 $22,000,000 7.5 $2.93 2015 27 Los Angeles Dodgers $30,000,000 6.3 $3.49 2016 28 Los Angeles Dodgers $32,000,000 2017 29 Los Angeles Dodgers $33,000,000 2018 30 Los Angeles Dodgers $33,000,000 Player option 2019 31 Los Angeles Dodgers $32,000,000 2020 32 Los Angeles Dodgers $33,000,000 (2015-20) G Salary WAR 40 $414,000 0.7 139 $480,000 10.8 157 $510,000 8.9 157 $1,000,000 7.9 $5,250,000 7.5 $15,250,000 $19,250,000 $33,250,000 $33,250,000 $33,250,000 BUSTER POSEY: 9 years/$167M Year Age Team 2009 22 San Francisco Giants 2010 23 San Francisco Giants 2011 24 San Francisco Giants 2012 25 San Francisco Giants 2013 26 San Francisco Giants 2014 27 San Francisco Giants 2015 28 San Francisco Giants 2016 29 San Francisco Giants 2017 30 San Francisco Giants 2018 31 San Francisco Giants 2019 32 San Francisco Giants 2020 33 San Francisco Giants 2021 34 San Francisco Giants 2022 35 San Francisco Giants $M/WAR $0.59 $0.04 $0.06 $0.13 $0.70 (2013-21), plus 2022 team option G Salary WAR $M/WAR 7 $400,000 -0.1 -$4.00 108 $400,000 3.9 $0.10 45 $575,000 1.4 $0.41 148 $615,000 7.3 $0.08 148 $8,000,000 4.9 $1.63 147 $12,500,000 5.3 $2.36 $16,500,000 5.4 $3.06 $20,000,000 $21,400,000 $21,400,000 $21,400,000 $21,400,000 $21,400,000 $22,000,000 Team option ($3M) David Price LHP: 7 years/$217M (2016-22) Year Age IP MLST Team Salary WAR Modified Reserve Tier 1 2008 22 14.0 Tampa Bay Rays $650,000 0.4 2009 23 128.1 0.164 Tampa Bay Rays $750,000 0.9 2010 24 208.2 1.164 Tampa Bay Rays $1,834,671 4.8 2011 25 224.1 2.164 Tampa Bay Rays $2,084,671 2.8 Salary Arbitration Tier 2 2012 26 211.0 3.164 Tampa Bay Rays $4,350,000 6.9 2013 27 186.2 4.164 Tampa Bay Rays $10,112,500 2.8 2014 28 170.2 Tampa Bay Rays ($14,000,000) $8,950,820 2.7 77.2 5.164 Detroit Tigers $5,049,180 1.9 2015 29 146.0 Detroit Tigers ($19,750,000) $12,627,050 3.6 74.1 6.164 Toronto Blue Jays $7,122,950 2.4 Vrooman Projections for Free Agent Tier 3 Contract Salary WAR* 2016 30 Boston Red Sox $30,000,000 4.9 2017 31 Boston Red Sox $30,000,000 4.2 player option Boston Red Sox 2018 32 $30,000,000 3.5 2019 33 Boston Red Sox $31,000,000 3.0 2020 34 Boston Red Sox $32,000,000 2.6 2021 35 Boston Red Sox $32,000,000 2.2 2022 36 Boston Red Sox $32,000,000 1.7 Total Contract 7 years (2016-22) $217,000,000 22.1 *WAR decays at 90% of prior year through age 30, 85% for ages 31-35, and 80% for ages Source: John Vrooman, Baseball Reference and FanGraphs $/WAR Awards $1,625,000 $833,333 $382,223 AS,CYA-2 $744,525 AS $630,435 $3,611,607 $3,315,119 $2,657,463 $3,507,514 $2,967,896 PV/WAR* $6,122,449 $6,548,074 $7,003,287 $7,739,819 $8,544,909 $9,138,940 $10,385,160 $7,477,481 36 and up. AS,CYA-1,MVP-12 AS,CYA-6 AS,CYA-6 AS,CYA-2,MVP-9 AS,CYA-2,MVP-9 PV@10% $30,000,000 $27,272,727 $24,793,388 $23,290,759 $21,856,431 $19,869,482 $18,063,166 $165,145,953 ENGLISH PREMIER LEAGUE P W D L GF 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 26 24 22 20 19 18 18 16 15 13 12 12 11 11 10 7 10 8 7 8 9 7 9 10 7 8 6 8 9 9 11 11 11 8 9 17 8 11 12 6 3 7 7 8 12 12 14 14 14 16 15 15 16 19 19 14 20 19 19 24 73 83 71 62 58 52 54 46 48 47 48 44 38 46 40 31 31 33 28 42 EFL CHAMPIONSHIP (D2) P W D L GF 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 46 46 46 46 46 46 46 46 46 46 46 46 46 46 46 45 46 46 46 46 46 46 46 45 26 27 25 25 23 22 22 21 17 16 16 14 14 15 15 13 14 13 13 10 11 9 9 4 12 8 11 10 9 12 12 14 16 15 14 18 18 14 11 15 10 12 11 17 16 14 12 13 8 11 10 11 14 12 12 11 13 15 16 14 14 17 20 17 22 21 22 19 19 23 25 28 98 91 88 68 78 72 70 85 66 54 57 54 43 71 50 58 62 54 48 44 46 42 39 36 SPANISH LA LIGA P W D L GF 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 30 30 23 22 23 16 15 13 14 13 15 11 11 9 10 7 7 9 8 3 4 2 9 11 7 12 10 12 8 10 4 13 8 10 5 14 14 8 8 11 4 6 6 5 8 10 13 13 16 15 19 14 19 19 21 17 17 21 22 24 110 118 67 70 71 48 42 47 42 47 46 44 35 34 33 35 29 34 35 22 Chelsea (London) Manchester City Arsenal (London) Manchester United Tottenham Hotspur (London) Liverpool Southampton Swansea City Stoke City Crystal Palace (London) Everton (Liverpool) West Ham United (London)*FP West Bromwich Albion Leicester City Newcastle United Sunderland Aston Villa Hull City Burnley Queens Park Rangers (London) AFC Bournemouth Watford Norwich City Middlesbrough Brentford (London) Ipswich Town Wolverhampton Wanderers Derby County Blackburn Rovers Birmingham City Cardiff City Charlton Athletic (London) Sheffield Wednesday Nottingham Forest Leeds United Huddersfield Town Fulham (London) Bolton Wanderers Reading Brighton & Hove Albion Rotherham United Millwall (London) Wigan Athletic Blackpool FC Barcelona Real Madrid CF Atletico de Madrid Valencia CF Sevilla FC* (Europa Champion) Villarreal CF Athletic de Bilbao RC Celta (Vigo) Malaga CF RCD Espanyol (Barcelona) Rayo Vallecano Real Sociedad (San Sebastian) Elche CF Levante UD (Valencia) Getafe CF RC Deportivo (La Coruna) Granada CF SD Eibar UD Almeria Cordoba CF GA PTS Win% 32 38 36 37 53 48 33 49 45 51 50 47 51 55 63 53 57 51 53 73 87 79 75 70 64 62 60 56 54 48 47 47 44 41 39 38 38 35 33 30 .803 .724 .697 .658 .592 .579 .553 .526 .513 .461 .461 .461 .434 .395 .382 .408 .368 .355 .342 .289 GA PTS Win% 45 50 48 37 59 54 56 56 59 64 61 60 49 69 61 75 83 67 69 54 67 76 64 91 90 89 86 85 78 78 78 77 67 63 62 60 60 59 56 54 52 51 50 47 46 41 39 25 .696 .674 .663 .652 .598 .609 .609 .609 .543 .511 .500 .500 .500 .478 .446 .456 .413 .413 .402 .402 .413 .348 .326 .233 GA PTS Win% 21 38 29 32 45 37 41 44 48 51 68 51 62 67 64 60 64 55 64 68 94 92 78 77 76 60 55 51 50 49 49 46 41 37 37 35 35 35 32 20 .842 .816 .724 .724 .697 .579 .526 .500 .474 .474 .447 .461 .395 .368 .329 .368 .368 .342 .316 .224 ITALIAN SERIE A P W D L GF 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 26 19 21 18 18 16 13 14 14 13 12 12 11 10 8 10 7 8 4 6 9 13 6 10 9 11 17 13 12 13 13 13 13 13 18 11 16 10 12 8 3 6 11 10 11 11 8 11 12 12 13 13 14 15 12 17 15 20 22 24 72 54 71 61 70 62 48 59 48 56 53 49 49 28 46 43 38 48 36 33 FRENCH LIGUE 1 P W D L GF 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 24 22 20 21 19 17 16 16 13 15 13 12 12 11 12 12 12 11 7 7 11 9 11 6 12 12 8 8 11 4 9 11 10 12 8 7 6 4 9 8 3 7 7 11 7 9 14 14 14 19 16 15 16 15 18 19 20 23 22 23 83 72 51 76 51 47 46 43 35 41 44 37 54 29 47 44 43 41 31 32 GERMAN BUNDESLIGA P W D L GF 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 34 34 34 34 34 34 34 34 34 34 34 34 34 34 34 34 34 34 25 20 19 17 15 13 13 12 11 11 9 9 9 9 9 9 7 7 4 9 9 10 4 9 7 8 10 10 13 13 10 9 8 8 13 10 5 5 6 7 15 12 14 14 13 13 12 12 15 16 17 17 14 17 80 72 53 62 43 42 47 49 56 50 45 34 40 42 36 25 36 31 Juventus FC (Torino) AS Roma SS Lazio (Roma) AC Fiorentina SSC Napoli Genoa CFC UC Sampdoria FC Internazionale (Milan) Torino FC Milan AC US Città di Palermo US Sassuolo Hellas Verona FC AC Chievo Verona Empoli FC Udinese Calcio Atalanta BC Cagliari Calcio AC Cesena Parma FC Paris-Saint-Germain FC Olympique Lyonnais AS Monaco Olympique de Marseille AS Saint-Etienne FC Girondins Bordeaux Montpellier-Herault Lille OSC Stade Rennais FC En Avant Guingamp OGC Nice SC Bastia SM Caen FC Nantes Stade de Reims FC Lorient Toulouse FC Evian-Thonon Gaillard FC FC Metz RC Lens FC Bayern Munchen VfL Wolfsburg Borussia Monchengladbach Bayer 04 Leverkusen FC Augsburg FC Schalke 04 Borussia Dortmund TSG 1899 Hoffenheim Eintracht Frankfurt SV Werder Bremen FSV Mainz 05 FC Koln Hannover 96 VfB Stuttgart Hertha BSC Berlin Hamburger SV SC Freiburg SC Paderborn 07 GA PTS Win% 24 31 38 46 54 47 42 48 45 50 55 57 65 41 52 56 57 68 73 75 87 70 69 64 63 59 56 55 54 52 49 49 46 43 42 41 37 34 24 19 .803 .671 .632 .605 .592 .566 .566 .539 .526 .513 .487 .487 .461 .434 .447 .408 .395 .342 .263 .263 GA PTS Win% 36 33 26 42 30 44 39 42 42 55 53 46 55 40 66 50 64 62 61 61 83 75 71 69 68 63 56 56 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 37 30 29 .776 .697 .671 .632 .658 .605 .526 .526 .487 .447 .461 .461 .447 .447 .421 .408 .395 .342 .303 .289 GA PTS Win% 18 38 26 37 43 40 42 55 62 65 47 40 56 60 52 50 47 65 79 69 66 61 49 48 46 44 43 43 40 40 37 36 35 35 34 31 .794 .721 .691 .647 .500 .515 .485 .471 .471 .471 .456 .456 .412 .397 .382 .382 .397 .353 UEFA Seeding Coefficients for Champions and Europa Leagues Top 12 Domestic Leagues 2015-16 Rank 1 CL1 CL2 CL3 EL* CL4 EL1 EL2 2 CL1 CL2 CL3 CL4 EL1 EL2 EL3 FP 3 CL1 CL2 CL3 CL4 EL1 EL2 EL3 4 CL1 CL2 CL3 EL1 EL2 EL3 League/Club Spain FC Barcelona Real Madrid Atletico Madrid Sevilla Valencia Villarreal Athletic Bilbao England Chelsea Manchester City Arsenal Manchester United Tottenham Hotspur Liverpool Southampton FC West Ham United Germany Bayern Munc hen VfL Wolfsburg Borussia Mönchengladbach Bayer Leverkusen FC Augsburg Schalke 04 Borussia Dortmund Italy Juventus AS Roma Lazio Fiorentina Napoli Sampdoria Coef. 97.7 165.0 172.0 121.0 80.5 100.0 59.0 57.0 84.7 142.1 87.1 110.1 103.1 84.1 47.1 16.1 16.1 81.6 154.9 31.9 33.9 87.9 15.9 111.9 99.9 66.9 95.1 43.6 49.1 49.1 84.1 18.1 Seed CL/GS CL/GS CL/GS CL/GS CL/Q4 EL/GS EL/Q3 CL/GS CL/GS CL/GS CL/Q4 EL/GS EL/GS EL/Q3 EL/Q1 CL/GS CL/GS CL/GS CL/Q4 EL/GS EL/GS EL/Q3 CL/GS CL/GS CL/Q4 EL/GS EL/GS EL/Q3 Rank 5 CL1 CL2 CL3 EL1 EL2 EL3 6 CL1 CL2 CL3 EL1 EL2 EL3 7 CL1 CL2 CW EL2 EL3 8 CL1 CL2 CW EL2 EL3 FP League/Club Portugal Benfica FC Porto Sporting CP Lisbon Sporting Braga Vitoria Guimaraes CF Os Belenenses France Paris Saint-Germain Olympique Lyon AS Monaco Olympique Marseille AS Saint-Etienne Girondins Bordeaux Russia Zenit St. Petersburg CSKA Moscow Lokomotiv Moscow FK Krasnodar Rubin Kazan Netherlands PSV Eindhoven Ajax FC Groningen AZ Alkmaar Vitesse Arnhem Go Ahead Eagles Coef. 62.3 118.3 111.3 56.3 51.8 17.8 12.3 56.5 100.5 73.0 31.5 55.5 17.0 24.5 47.0 90.1 55.6 23.1 15.1 57.1 44.3 58.2 66.2 8.7 46.7 10.2 8.2 Seed CL/GS CL/GS CL/Q4 EL/GS EL/Q3 EL/Q3 CL/GS CL/GS CL/Q3 EL/GS EL/Q3 EL/Q3 CL/GS CL/Q3 EL/GS EL/Q3 EL/Q3 CL/GS CL/Q3 EL/GS EL/Q3 EL/Q3 EL/Q1 Rank 9 CL1 CL2 EL1 EL2 EL3 10 CL1 CL2 EL1 EL2 EL3 11 CL1 CL2 EL1 EL2 EL3 12 CL1 CL2 EL1 EL2 EL3 CL EL GS Q FP League/Club Ukraine Dinamo Kiev Shakhtar Donetsk Dnipro Dnipropetrovsk Zorya Luhansk Vorskla Poltava Belgium AA Gent Club Brugge Anderlecht Standard Liege Charleroi Turkey Galatasaray Fenerbahce Besiktas Istanbul Basaksehir Trabzonspor Greece Olympiakos Piraeus Panathinaikos Asteras Tripolis Atromitos FC PAOK Thessaloniki Coef. 41.0 65.0 86.0 52.0 10.5 11.0 36.3 13.4 41.4 47.4 25.4 7.4 34.2 50.0 30.0 36.5 6.5 36.5 33.6 62.4 19.9 13.4 10.4 40.9 Seed CL/GS CL/Q3 EL/GS EL/Q3 EL/Q3 CL/GS CL/Q3 EL/GS EL/Q3 EL/Q2 CL/GS CL/Q3 EL/GS EL/Q3 EL/Q2 CL/GS CL/Q3 EL/GS EL/Q3 EL/Q2 UEFA Champions League UEFA Europa League Group Stage Qualifying Round Fair playspot in EL The Champions League has 32 teams in a group stagethat is preceded by four qualifying stages. The last qualifying round is also called the play-off round. The champions of all countries enter the Champions League, but high ranked countries can send up to 5 teams. Some teams of high ranked c ountries are directly qualified for the group stage, while others have to play qualifying rounds. The Group Stage is followed by 16 teams in 4 knockout rounds. Playoff round 4 involves 20 teams split in two sections: Champions section with 10 teams 10 winners from 3rd qualifying round Non-Champions section with 10 teams, 5 winners from 3rd qualifying round, 2 third-placed teams from countries ranked 4-5, 3 fourth-placed teams from countries ranked 1-3. The Group Stage involves 8 groups of 4 teams each with 10 winners from 4th qualifying round; 12 champions from countries ranked 1-12; 6 2nd-placed teams from countries ranked 1-6; 3 3rd-placed teams from countries ranked 1-3; and defending UCL or Europa Champion. Knockout phase: From the last 16 until semi-finals, clubs play two home-and-away games with the same rules as the qualifying and play-off rounds. The side that scores the greater aggregate of goals qualifies for the next round. The third-placed finishers in every group enter the UEFA Europa League round of 32. In the last 16, group winners play runners-up rather than teams from own pool or nation, from quarter-finals onwards the draw is free.