population growth and housing in nairobi

population growth and housing in nairobi

POPULATION GROWTH AND HOUSING IN NAIROBI
POPULATION DENSITY
Density (persons per hectare)
<11 <22 <34 <45 <57 <68 <79 <91 91<
1900
Density (persons per hectare)
<11 <22 <34 <45 <57 <68 <79 <91 91<
1920
(3)
HOUSING AREA DEVELOPMENT
Built-up before the end
of previous decade
1900
Built-up during the
latest decade
(3)
Built-up before the end
of previous decade
1920
Built-up during the
latest decade
(3)
(3)
HOUSING TYPOLOGY
MUTUHURWA
UPPER HILL ROAD
AREA
WORKSHOP ROAD
AREA
Total population: 88
Net dwelling area per ha:
92 sqm
Net density per ha: 1.55
Dwellings per ha: 0.44
Total population: 240
Net dwelling area per ha: 23
sqm
Net density per ha: 4.27
Dwellings per ha: 0.71
EUROPEAN
DWELLING Upper Hill
Road, Nairobi
ASIAN DWELLING
Landi for Asiatic artizans,
Sandiford Rd./ Workshop
Rd., Nairobi
AFRICAN DWELLING
Native Location type
Landi, Muthurwa,
Nairobi
Dwelling area: 57 sqm incl. yard
Number of occupants: 2-6
persons
Construction: Stone walls with
corrugated iron roof
Dwelling area: 20.25 sqm
Number of occupants: 2-4
persons, (single men)
Construction: Stone walls
with corrugated iron roof
(3)
Dwelling area: 193.72 sqm
Number of occupants: 2-4
persons
Construction: Wooden frame
construction with corrugated
iron roof
Total population: 768
Net dwelling area per ha:
310 sqm
Net density per ha: 48.91
Dwellings per ha: 16.30
PARKLANDS
DESAI ROAD AREA
PUMWANI
Total population: 370
Net dwelling area per ha:
257 sqm
Net density per ha: 6.58
Dwellings per ha: 1.32
Total population: 2080
Net dwelling area per ha: 667
sqm
Net density per ha: 90.43
Dwellings per ha: 11.30
Total population: 5800
Net dwelling area per ha:
3176 sqm
Net density per ha: 396.99
Dwellings per ha: 19.85
EUROPEAN
DWELLING
Parklands, Nairobi
ASIAN DWELLING
Asiatic quarters (House 1-4),
Desai Road, Nairobi
AFRICAN DWELLING
Pumwani, Nairobi
Dwelling area: 190.87 sqm
Number of occupants: 2-4
persons + servants
Construction: Stone walls
with iron roof
Dwelling area: A: 152.28 sqm incl.
yard B: 122.28 sqm incl. yard
Number of occupants: Joint families
(6-10 persons)
Construction: Stone walls with
corrugated iron roof
Dwelling area: 147.25 sqm
Construction: Mud walls
with corrugated iron roof
(3)
HOUSING HISTORY
1900
NMC (Nairobi Municipal Committee)
defines city center as area of 1.5 mile radius
First settlements in Kabete and Westlands
1907
Nairobi capital of East African Protectorate
DRAFT
TIMELINE
1900
1910
1919
Community status
1920
1927
Plan for a settler capital
1930
(1) The case of Nairobi,Kenya by Winnie Mitullah, (2) The dynamics and implications of residential segregation in Nairobi by O.A. K’Akumu, (3) The growth of Nairobi 1900-1970 by the government of kenya, (4) http://www.hassconsult.co.ke/Area_Informa
© ETH Studio Basel
POPULATION DENSITY
Density (persons per hectare)
<11 <22 <34 <45 <57 <68 <79 <91 91<
1940
Density (persons per hectare)
<11 <22 <34 <45 <57 <68 <79 <91 91<
1960
(3)
HOUSING AREA DEVELOPMENT
Built-up before the end
of previous decade
1940
Built-up during the
latest decade
(3)
Built-up before the end
of previous decade
1960
Built-up during the
latest decade
(3)
(3)
4 mio people
HOUSING TYPOLOGY
PARKLANDS
ZIWANI
LAVINGTON
SOUTH C
OFAFA MARINGO
Total population: 276
Net dwelling area per ha: 315 sqm
Net density per ha: 4.91
Dwellings per ha: 0.82
Total population: 2816
(after subdivisons)
Net dwelling area per ha:
1286 sqm
Net density per ha: 50.06
Dwellings per ha: 2.28
Total population: 2150
Net dwelling area per ha:
1574 sqm
Net density per ha: 271.46
Dwellings per ha: 54.29
Total population: 315
Net dwelling area per ha: 254 sqm
Net density per ha: 5.6
Dwellings per ha: 1.24
Total population: 2074
Net dwelling area per ha: 1314 sqm
Net density per ha: 36.87
Dwellings per ha: 6.70
Total population: 6890
Net dwelling area per ha:
1117 sqm
Net density per ha: 169.29
Dwellings per ha: 33.86
EUROPEAN DWELLING
Muthaiga, Nairobi
ASIAN DWELLING
Parklands, Nairobi
AFRICAN DWELLING
Ziwani, Nairobi
EUROPEAN DWELLING
Lavington, Nairobi
ASIAN DWELLING
South C, Nairobi
AFRICAN DWELLING
Ofafa Maringo, Nairobi
Dwelling area: A: 24.03 sqm
(47%) B: 31.65 sqm (51%)
Sanitary blocks: 1 per 25
dwellings
Number of occupants: 4-6
persons
Construction: Stone walls
with tile roof
(3)
Dwelling area: 197.11 sqm incl.
terrace
Number of occupants:4-5 persons
Construction: Stone walls
Dwelling area: 196.62 sqm
Number of occupants: 2 dwellings,
4-6 persons in each
Construction: Stone walls and tile
roof
Dwelling area: 31.90 sqm
Number of occupants: 5-7
persons in each dwelling
Construction: Stone walls
with tile roof
(3)
Dwelling area: 655.50
sqm incl. yard
Number of occupants:
20-30 persons
Construction: Stone walls
with tile roof
1
Dwelling area: 385.36 sqm incl. 2
garages etc.
Number of occupants: 2-5 persons
+ servants
Construction: Stone walls with tile
roof
HOUSING HISTORY
1968/76
NHC (National Housing Corporation) +
HFCK (Housing Finance Company Kenia)
1963
Independancy
Nairobi’s boundary of today was
established covering 68.945 ha
1948
Masterplan for a colonial capital
1954
Mau Mau revolution
1950
Nairobi granted status of a city
1940
2
3
MUTHAIGA
1950
1960
1970
DRAFT
ation.html ,09/14/2007 02:17 AM, (5) www.diamondpark.co.ke/files/houseplan.html ,10/14/2007 23:34pm, (6) www.propertykenya.com/properties/reference/AP0292-CV ,10/14/2007 23:58pm, (7) www.globalpropertyguide.com/country.php?id=100
© ETH Studio Basel
06.03.2008 | © ETH Studio Basel | Population growth and housing in Nairobi | Vincent Bowman
POPULATION GROWTH AND HOUSING IN NAIROBI
POPULATION DENSITY
Density (persons per hectare)
<11 <22 <34 <45 <57 <68 <79 <91 91<
1970
Density (persons per hectare)
<11 <22 <34 <45 <57 <68 <79 <91 91<
1995
(3)
HOUSING AREA DEVELOPMENT
Built-up before the end
of previous decade
1970
Built-up during the
latest decade
(3)
Built-up before the end
of previous decade
1995
Built-up during the
latest decade
(3)
(3)
HOUSING TYPOLOGY
CONTEMPORAY HOUSING STRUCTURES
KYUNA
LORESHO
BURU BURU
Total population: 40
Net dwelling area per ha:
128 sqm
Net density per ha: 2.5
Dwellings per ha: 0.5
Total population: 1985
Net dwelling area per ha:
1215 sqm
Netdensity per ha: 35.29
Dwellings per ha: 2.61
Total population: 2700
Net dwelling area per ha:
2762 sqm
Net density per ha: 133.66
Dwellings per ha: 29.70
EUROPEAN DWELLING
Kyuna Estate, Nairobi
ASIAN DWELLING
Loresho, Nairobi
AFRICAN DWELLING
Buru Buru, Nairobi
Dwelling area: 210.47 sqm +
45.69 sqm
Number of occupants: 4-5
persons + servants
Construction: Stone wall with
tile roof
Dwelling area: 390.41 sqm
Number of occupants: Joint
family, 20-30 persons
Dwelling area: 91.83 sqm
Number of occupants: 4-5
persons
Construction: Stone walls
with tile roof
(3)
MOMBASA ROAD APPARTMENTS
Nairobi
Dwelling area: 2-bedroom appartments, 90 sqm
Number of occupants: 1-2 persons
(6)
DIAMOND PARK ESTATES
South B, Nairobi
Dwelling area: 3-4 bedroom appartments, 150 sqm
Number of occupants: 2-3 persons + servants (5)
HOUSING HISTORY
1999
Population/Housing Census
77% in rental units, 50% need of repair
1,5 mio people live in 110 informal
settlements on 1000 hectares
1973
Metropolitan growth strategy
DRAFT
1993
Nairobi city convention on actions toward a better Nairobi
2003
KENSUP
TIMELINE
1970
1980
1990
2000
(1) The case of Nairobi,Kenya by Winnie Mitullah, (2) The dynamics and implications of residential segregation in Nairobi by O.A. K’Akumu, (3) The growth of Nairobi 1900-1970 by the government of kenya, (4) http://www.hassconsult.co.ke/Area_Informa
© ETH Studio Basel
POPULATION INCOME AREAS
SPRING VALLEY
MUTHAIGA
UPPER PARKLANDS
MATHARE VALLEY
PARKLANDS
CITY PARK
SCLATERS
BERNARD
WESTLANDS
EASTLEIGH
NORTH
LAVINGTON
KILELESHWA
ARBOREUM
(STATE HOUSE)
CENTRAL
BURU BURU
RACECOURSE
JERICHO
BAHATI
NAIROBI HILL
UPPER HILL
THOMSON
KALOLENI MAKONGENI
KILIMANI
DELAMERE
MBOTELA
LONDON
HOSPITAL
WOODLEY
LEEDS
WEST
SOUTH B
KIBERA SILANGA
SOUTH C
Q’JARRY
Area by income
low
high
KAREN
(3)
KAREN
SPRING VALLEY
KILIMANI/HURLINGHAM
PARKLANDS
POPULATION AND HOUSING
GROWTH OF NAIROBI
The most prestigious residential
address in Nairobi, Muthaiga
comprises of modern Englishstyle
houses typically set on half acre lots
or bigger. Streets are covered in
greenery with mature trees and
hedges. The estate is bordered by
the Muthaiga Golf Club to the east
and Karura Forest to the west
whose landscape provides great
views. Muthaiga Shopping Centre
and Caltex Plaza provide shopping
facilities. A residents association
ensures
security,
estate
maintenance and development.
Karen is one of the oldest
residential areas offering a blend of
colonial bungalows and villas on
expansive grounds. Karen offers
cultural and historical background
evidenced in sites such as the
Bomas of Kenya and the Karen
Blixen Museum as well as the
scenic Ngong hills in close
proximity.
Entertainment
and
shopping areas include Crossroads
Shopping Mall (housing Nakumatt
Supermarkets), Karen country club
and Karen shopping center.
An exclusive low-density suburb
distinguished by contemporary
homes in well-treed compounds.
The winding roads lined with
mature trees add country charm
and further accentuate the natural
greenery in the area. Areas within a
five kilometre radius from Spring
Valley
include
Westlands,
Parklands, Hillview, Lakeview,
Kitisuru and Gigiri. The Spring
Valley and Westlands shopping
centres provide proximal shopping
amenities.
Neighbouring Lavington, this is a
convenient residential area about
10 minutes away from the city
centre.
It
houses
mainly
maisonettes and apartments and is
quickly coming up as a prime
commercial zone as well. The
location is accentuated by proximity
to major shopping centres including
Yaya Centre, Prestige Plaza,
Uchumi hypermarket, Hurlingham
shopping centre and Adams
arcade.
Educational
facilities
include a French school.
A cosmopolitan residential area
mainly comprising of apartments
and townhouses with the main
centre having high-rise commercial
buildings. Parklands lies between
Westlands shopping centre and
Muthaiga estate. There are also
several hospitals in the area such
as The Aga Khan University
Hospital, M. P. Shah Hospital,
Parklands Medical Centre and
Avenue Hospital. Retail facilities are
also abundant including Highridge
Shopping Centre.
The beginning of the population and housing
development of Nairobi was initiated by the
construction of the railway.
By 1900 the railroad had established seperate
areas for Europeans and the labour workforce of
Indian descent. African settlment was very
restrictive and only male housing quarters were
allowed.
After becoming Kenyas Capital in 1907 and
granted the status of a city in 1950 the segrative
city development continued. Residential areas
spread around the Central Business District
(CBD).
The different areas can be depicted as:
GIGIRI
RUNDA
LAVINGTON
WESTLANDS
KIBERA
Upper Nairobi: to the west and north of the CBD.
Low density, high income population, many
expatriate residential housing areas as
Woodly,Lavington,Kileleshwa,Thomson,
Bernard.
Highly
acclaimed
secure
neighborhood harbouring the larger
part of the diplomatic missions
including the UNEP, World Food
Program, US and Canadian
Embassies.
The
area
is
characterized by lavish homes with
sprawling gardens, a few modern
townhouses and beautiful guest
houses. The Village Market,
Warwick centre, Gigiri shopping
centre provide good entertainment .
Rosslyn Academy, a German
School and ISK (International
School of Kenya) are closely
located.
An established and secure low
density residential area comprising
of modern homes on minimum half
acre grounds. Its boundaries
spread across Limuru Road to the
North and Kiambu Road to the
South. Access to and from the
estate is via two entry points both of
which are manned by security
guards at all times. Although Runda
is a little far out from the Central
Business District, this and the
neighbouring Gigiri area is rapidly
developing into a self-sustaining
environ of its own.
This is an established residential
neighbourhood in the western part
of Nairobi. It stretches from Waiyaki
way to Gitanga road on either side
of James Gichuru road and
neighbours Riverside, Kileleshwa,
Valley Arcade, Kawangware and
Kangemi. Generally the area is a
low density zone with low plot
ratios. It is characterized by a
mixture of old English bungalows
and modern executive houses on
large gardens; and upcoming
townhouses, maisonettes and
apartments.
A continually evolving mixed-use
area with a high density of high-rise
commercial, retail and office
buildings in the main centre and
apartments and townhouses on the
periphery. Sarit Centre is denoted
as a ‘City within a City’ due to the
wide range of services and social
amenities that it provides, including
hotels, restaurants, cinema halls,
schools and shopping malls. Other
facilities include the Ukay Centre
and the upcoming Westgate
complex, and a variety of smaller
outlets service the area.
The most famous, largest
uncontrolled urban settlement in
the city, reaching densities of
1250 people per hectare already
in 1980. The population growth
rate was up to 220% between
1969-1979. The general income
level is very low and many of the
inhabitants
are
migrants.
Accomodation is over crowded
and not keeping up with the
demand. Sanitary facilities are
scarce and of low standard.
Today there is an increasing demand for
accommodation within secure compounds with
their own water supply and back-up generator.
(1,2,7)
1
(4)
South Nairobi: Medium density, median
income,many asian housing owners, Parklands,
Eastleigh. South and South-East: Low density,
large residential housing, high income, Karen,
Langata. East of the urban fringe: high density,
low income, Ngara, Kaloleni, Mbotela,Dandora
& Mathare Valley. To the east: extremly high
density, rapid uncontrolled growth, poor and low
income population structure, Mathare, Kibera,
Mukuru
2
3
MUTHAIGA
4 mio people
HOUSING AREAS
2010
2020
2030
2040
DRAFT
ation.html ,09/14/2007 02:17 AM, (5) www.diamondpark.co.ke/files/houseplan.html ,10/14/2007 23:34pm, (6) www.propertykenya.com/properties/reference/AP0292-CV ,10/14/2007 23:58pm, (7) www.globalpropertyguide.com/country.php?id=100
© ETH Studio Basel
06.03.2008 | © ETH Studio Basel | Population growth and housing in Nairobi | Vincent Bowman