here - Make It Right

DESIGN GUIDELINES
TABLE OF CONTENTS
I.
Letter of Invitation
1. Brad Pitt/Tom Darden III
2. Graft
II.
Project Team Contact Information
III.
Project Information
1. General Requirements
2. Zoning Map and Zoning Ordinance
3. Deliverables
4. Schedule
IV.
Lower 9th Ward District Rebuilding Plan
1. Lower 9th Ward Neighborhood
2. Pre-Hurricane Katrina Neighborhood Existing Conditions
3. Hurricane Katrina Neighborhood Impacts
4. Neighborhood Rebuilding Scenarios
5. Plan Components
6. Project Priorities
7. Strategic Interventions
8. A Community Vision for the Future of the Lower 9th Ward Neighborhood
V.
FEMA Base Flood Maps
1. Advisory Flood Base Elevation Map
2. Lot Diagram
VI.
Agreement and Conditions
1. Contract
2. Exhibit A – Description of Work
3. Exhibit B – Fee
4. Cherokee Extranet Policy – Acknowledgement and Agreement
5. Confidentiality and Non-Disclosure Agreement
LETTERS OF INVITATION
October 2008
To Whom It May Concern,
At 8:14 am on August 29, 2005 the Industrial Canal levee protecting the Lower 9th Ward failed.
The resulting surge from the levee breach engulfed the Lower 9th Ward with over eight feet of water. A
barge from the Industrial Canal floated across Jourdan Street. Houses were spun off their foundations.
Many residents were forced to their attics to seek shelter, attempting to punch through their roofs and
swim to safety when the water reached the ceiling. Some sat for days on their rooftops without food or
water waiting to be rescued, only to be taken to the inadequate shelters at the Superdome or Convention
Center. Those who survived were given one-way tickets out, their families separated and dispersed
throughout the country.
Hurricane Katrina and the resulting failure of the levees was devastating not just because it was the
largest engineering disaster our country has experienced but because it destroyed an entire
neighborhood and displaced its residents. The Lower 9th Ward is a historic neighborhood with a rich
background, its population consisting predominantly of African American homeowners, tight knit families
and a local front porch culture. The area is famous for its deep roots in jazz and rhythm and blues as well
as its contributions to the civil rights movement. Its people are part of the soul of New Orleans, and we
are committed to bringing them back to their neighborhood.
We have brought together some of the world’s best architects and sustainability experts to work with the
Make It Right foundation to rebuild the Lower 9th Ward. The goal of the Make It Right project is to create
buildings which are equitable, sustainable, replicable and beautiful. I would like to formally invite you to
participate in this unprecedented project to redevelop one of America’s most distinct and vibrant
communities.
Working with community groups, the current and former residents, we have committed ourselves to
building one hundred and fifty homes in the Lower 9th Ward. We have already succeeded in building six
single family homes, and construction is underway on the next four. Our goal now is to expand the
program to include two-family homes to offer to the residents of the neighborhood. To achieve this, I am
inviting you along with six other highly accomplished architects ranging in design methodology as well as
origin, to make a difference. The participants represent a range of local, national and international firms
and all will be encouraged to bring their wide-ranging perspectives into their home designs, resulting in
neighborhoods of variety and distinction that embrace stylistic diversity. The bottom line is this: we are all
fans of your work and encourage your own unique approach. I ask you to join me and the Make It Right
foundation to design this vision.
Can our buildings contribute to a better way of life?
Sincerely
Brad Pitt
LLC
3200 N. Figueroa St.
Los Angeles, CA 90065
USA
tel: (323) 441 9610
fax: (323) 441 9666
email: [email protected]
To Whom It May Concern,
On behalf of the Make It Right foundation, we at Graft would like to welcome you to the project and
take this opportunity to introduce ourselves. We have been fortunate enough to be a part of the
core team of this amazing project since its inception. In 2006, after witnessing the failures of the
federal government in helping the people of New Orleans, Brad Pitt realized that it would be up to
individuals to make a difference. He asked us to assemble a core team of experts to define the
vision and guide the creation of the project. In so doing, we collaborated with William McDonough
+ Partners, the country’s leading sustainability expert, and Cherokee Investment Partners, a
specialist in urban redevelopment projects, to realize the Make It Right foundation.
As founding members of the Make It Right project, as a member of the Board of Advisors, and as
the coordinator for the Schematic Design phases, our role is to be the responsible entity for tending
to the design process on the foundation’s behalf. Moreover, as one of the original thirteen
architects, we are also exposed to the design, documentation, and construction of the project as a
designer. In these roles, we aim to serve both the goals of the foundation and and you, the
architect, in the project’s mandate to provide to the community affordable, sustainable, and
replicable homes with a high standard of design.
Our task will be to organize and monitor the design process throughout the Schematic Design
phases. In doing this, we would like to let you know that we are at your disposal for any questions
or concerns you may have in the months to come. We are pleased to help in any way needed to
better your design experience and we are excited to see what the ideas may result in the future.
We are looking forward to your response.
Sincerely,
Thomas Willemeit
Wolfram Putz
Gregor Hoheisel
Alejandra Lillo
Lars Krückeberg
PROJECT INFORMATION
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
PROGRAM
A 1,800 square-foot two-family home.
•
Option 1: Two 2-bedroom units, each with a full kitchen and 2 full baths.
•
Option 2: A 3-bedroom unit with a full kitchen and 2 full baths, and a 1-bedroom unit with
an efficiency kitchen and a full bath.
Each unit should have a living room, dining room, and additional equipment and storage spaces as
defined below. The building may have up to two floors, however at least one bedroom and one full
bath must be on the main living level. To accommodate disabled or elderly home-owners, houses
should be adaptable to HUD Fair Housing Accessibility Guidelines and Architects should incorporate
ramps or elevators into their designs.
HUD Fair Housing Accessibility Guidelines :
http://www.hud.gov/offices/fheo/disabilities/fhefhag.cfm
LOT SIZE
The lot sizes in the MIR target area range from 105’x35’ to 120’x40’. Architects should design for
the most common lot size, which is 120’x40’, with the long axis oriented east-west. Designs should
assume that the eastern edge of the lot abuts the street. If the design is selected for a lot with
western street frontage, the house will be mirrored so that north and south remain constant (and
solar panels always face south).
APPLICABLE ZONING ORDINANCE
1995 New Orleans Comprehensive Zoning Ordinance
http://ordlink.com/codes/neworleans/index.htm
ZONING REGULATIONS & REQUIREMENTS
Typical lot setback is 20’-0” for the front yard and 20’-0” for the rear yard. The minimum width of
the total side yard area is to be 7’-0”, or 20% of the total lot width, with each side yard to be at least
3’-0” wide. Side yards may be at maximum 12’-0” wide in aggregate. The height limit for the district is 40’-0”. In zone RS-2, at least two standard (9’-0” x 18’0”) parking spaces must be provided
on each lot, outside of the 20’ front yard.
Please refer to the MiR Phase II Design Booklet, Chapter II: Design Data for additional neighborhood information and zoning diagrams.
APPLICABLE BUILDING CODE
2006 International Residential Code
A copy of the IRC 2006 can be purchased from the International Code Council: http://www.iccsafe.
org/
FINISH FLOOR ELEVATION
Architects should choose either a Finish Floor Elevation of 5’-0”, or clear height below floor structure of 8’-1”. The Make It Right Foundation prefers the latter option.
The 5’-0” FFE will guarantee that FEMA’s minimum Advisory Base Flood Elevation is exceeded. The
8’-1” clear beneath the house will negate the need for a fire-rated floor system, and will allow for
under-house lighting and parking headroom.
BUILDING CODE AND EGRESS REQUIREMENTS
Provide an operable window with at least 5.7 square feet open area, with a minimum clear height
dimension of 24”, minimum clear width dimension of 20”, and still height not more than 44” above
the floor for emergency escape from every bedroom.
Provide 36” door at primary entrance.
Provide minimum 32” wide doors into bedrooms and mechanical room (note: indicate louvered
door at mechanical room).
Roof Access: Provide a minimum 24”x24” hatch or other means of access to roof for maintenance.
EQUIPMENT & SPACE REQUIREMENTS
x
Bedrooms: Master bedrooms should be 12’x12’ minimum. Secondary bedrooms should be 10’x12’
minimum excluding closets. Provide minimum 5 linear feet of closet space per bedroom.
x
Kitchen: Provide at least 10 linear feet of kitchen countertop and a space for the following
equipment in each kitchen: 24” under-counter dishwasher, 30” slide-in range, and 32” wide x 32”
deep refrigerator.
x
Bathrooms: Provide space for a 60”x30” bathtub and a 30” minimum vanity.
x
Laundry/Utility Room: Provide 6’-0” wide space for a side-by-side washer and dryer. Indicate 2x6
wall in utility room for mounting of instant hot-water heater.
x
Mechanical Room: Provide a mechanical closet to house a vertical Air Handling Unit
(22.5”Wx26.5”Dx48.5”H) and a 30” diameter water heater. Minimum dimensions for the
mechanical closet are 36”Wx60”Dx9’H, with 32” deep shelf for AHU to rest above the water heater.
x
Linen closets/Pantries: Provide minimum 4 linear feet of closet accessible from the interior public
spaces of the home. This may be divided into two 24”-wide closets.
x
Exterior: Indicate location below or beside house for 600 gallon rectangular rainwater tank (2’10”Wx15’Dx2’-6”H).
x
If locating meters and shut-offs, position close to front of house and 5’-6” maximum above grade.
Electrical service will come from overhead power lines.
MECHANICAL & ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS
Houses will be mechanically ventilated using a Geothermal HVAC system with Energy Recovery Ventilator
(ERV). A desuperheater will use exhaust from the water-source heat pump to pre-heat water that will be sent
to the Instant Hot-Water heater. Architect should provide space for the following pieces of equipment: Air
Handling Unit (most likely 2-Ton), Geothermal Panel, ERV, 20 gallon Water Tank, Noritz Instant Hot Water
Heater
CONSTRUCTION & AFFORDABLE PLANNING GUIDELINES
The following recommendations have been developed by the MIR construction team with the
objective of optimizing the constructability and affordability of the designs. Architects are strongly
encouraged to implement the following suggestions:
•
Foundation: Concrete columns should be 14” square and spacing should be between 8’ and
10’ on center. For a 1,600-1,800 sf elevated house, 14” square columns are the optimal
size from a durability and strength standpoint. Columns will rest on a concrete grade beam
(typically 16” deep), which will be supported by composite piles extending 35’-40’ below
grade depending on pile test results for specific site.
•
Floor System: Limit structural open spans to 16’. Greater than 16’ may require engineered
lumber, which adds considerable cost. Limit cantilevers and eave overhangs to 6’. Cantilevered members require 2/3 of their length to be embedded in the floor or roof system.
•
Walls: Utilize a 2’-0” planning module (as measured to framing) to establish the exterior
walls, interior partitions, and ceilings of the house; this will help to optimize standard building materials. Use standard angles in the design, i.e. 90, 60, 45, and 22.5 for ease
of construction.
•
Roof: Avoid non-standard roof-framing. Gabled, hipped, pitched, and shed roofs are encouraged. Non-standard roof designs result in material waste and added labor cost.
•
Wet Walls: Provide shared wet walls. The ideal configuration is a linear plumbing layout
with a central collection point. Because the houses are elevated, drain lines should
be brought up beside a single column. Additionally, shared vent stacks decreases
the amount of material, labor, and the number of roof penetrations.
•
Windows: To resist wind loads, windows should not exceed 36” and should not be mulled to
gether, nor should they be within 4’ of a corner. Utilize standard window unit sizes,
and locate openings based on a planning module. Units may be fixed, casement,
awning, or double hung. Architects should consider that one wall of living room will be the
TV wall. Window sills below 32” present a fall hazard to children. The Director of Construction is a father of 4 and made me put that in.
The Marvin Integrity series may be used as a guideline for selecting window sizes.
www.integritywindows.com
•
Kitchen: Design Kitchen cabinets in 3” increments with 24” maximum depth. Avoid kitchen
designs with more than one corner. An “L” shaped kitchen with an island is preferable to a
“U” shaped kitchen. Soffitting down to upper cabinets also adds considerable cost
and should be avoided.
•
Doors: Utilize standard door sizes, and locate openings based on a planning module. Doors
may be standard in-swing, sliding, or pocket, although pocket doors are discouraged
because of their tendency to stick in the humid New Orleans climate. Transom units may
be combined with the doors, but- to resist wind load - transoms may not be mulled to doors.
•
Mechanical Design and Duct Layout: The ideal layout for the mechanical equipment is a
vertical Air Handling Unit in a closet, as opposed to a horizontal unit in the attic. Provide a
dropped ceiling within the hallway or spaces immediately adjacent to the mechanical closet
to allow for an efficient duct layout.
•
Stairs: Limit width of exterior stairs to 5’. Stairs wider than 5’ will require an added central
handrail.
BUDGET REQUIREMENTS
Base construction cost of first prototype: $200,000.00.
Base construction cost is inclusive of foundation, structure, rough and finish carpentry, thermal and
moisture protection, windows and doors, finishes, equipment, appliances, mechanical and electrical systems and fixtures. Site preparation costs and atypical building systems such as solar panel
system, geothermal HVAC system, pervious concrete, and the rainwater harvesting system, are
not included in the base construction cost. These systems will be developed in parallel by the MIR
construction team.
Architects are asked to provide designs which respect the budget parameters provided as a means
to minimize the need for value engineering following the Schematic Design Phases.
Architects are encouraged to work with MIR to make a sincere effort in designing an affordable
home and making design revisions with regard to budget. Designs which meet the first prototype
cost per square foot will immediately be made available to the homeowners, and will begin the
transition into the Design Development phase. Designs which do not meet the first prototype cost
goal will not be presented to potential homeowners until they are brought in line with the budget.
MIR will endeavor to build at least one of each design which meets the first prototype cost. However
the MIR foundation cannot at this time guarantee that every design will be built.
SUSTAINABILITY GUIDELINES
The houses should be designed to the highest tier of both the LEED for Homes and NAHB certification program.
While the elements of sustainable design are too numerous to list, there is a finite number of
design features that are directly linked to a LEED for Homes credit. In keeping with MIR’s goal to
achieve a LEED Platinum certification for your house, Architects are encouraged to incorporate the
following elements into the prototype design (the associated credit is in parenthesis):
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
A 4-bedroom house should be between 1,770 SF and 2,060 SF, including thickness of wall
(Home Size Adjustment: 6-10 points).
Provide 50% more glazing on north and south facades as on east and west facades (ID 1.5
Building Orientation for Solar Design: 1 point total).
Provide 450 SF of south-facing roof, ideally at 30 degree pitch (ID 1.5 Building Orientation
for Solar Design: 1 point total).
Design windows and overhangs so that 90% of south-facing glazing is shaded at noon on
June 21 and unshaded at noon on December 21 (ID 1.5 Building Orientation for
Solar Design: 1 point total).
Design roof and gutter system so that at least 50% of roof run-off can be directed to a
single location and for easy rainwater collection (WE 1.1 Rainwater Harvesting System: 1-4
points)
Design a “tight plumbing core”. Locate fixtures so that no branch line from water heater to
fixtures is over 20’ long. 20’ plus height of ceiling for 2-storey houses. (EA 7.1 Efficient Hot
Water Distribution: 2 points)
Show permanent walk-off mat at primary entrance that is minimum 4’ in length and acces
sible for cleaning (EQ 8.2 Indoor Contaminant Control: ½ point)
Design an area at the primary entrance for shoe-removal and storage of two pairs of shoes
per bedroom (EQ 8.2 Indoor Contaminant Control: ½ point)
Please refer to the MiR Phase II Design Booklet, Chapter III: Material Options for additional diagrams and information regarding sustainable materials and systems.
CRADLE TO CRADLE AND MATERIAL SELECTION GUIDELINES
Cradle to Cradle thinking, developed by William McDonough and Michael Braungart in Cradle to
Cradle: Remaking the Way We Make Things (North Point Press, 2002), was inspired by natural
systems. In the natural world, the sun continually generates new growth and feeds living systems.
One organism’s waste nourishes another—waste equals food. Under this thought process, design
is broken into two closed loop nutrient systems; biological and technical. Biological nutrients are
carbon-based materials which can be safely composted and returned to soil. Technical nutrients are
materials of human artifice designed to circulate within technical metabolisms (industrial cycles)
forever. Everything we create can contribute positively to society, the economy, and the environment
in the construction of the Make It Right houses.
Materials selections for the Make It Right houses are guided by Cradle to Cradle philosophy; in
particular, the need to prefer the use of products which are safe and healthy in use and in nutrient
recycling based on known chemistry. All proposed materials are reviewed by William McDonough
+ Partners and McDonough Braungart Design Chemistry for adherence to these principles. The current materials recommendations are not intended to be a complete, definitive list. Architects and
builders associated with the Make it Right project are asked to become familiar with the principles
of Cradle to Cradle philosophy and after doing so, are encouraged to propose alternative building
systems and construction materials which are at a minimum in the Improved category, and also
respect the budgetary limitations of the MIR project. William McDonough and Partners will review
all proposed designs and new materials suggested, and provide additional guidance upon request
(contact Jordan Pollard, 434.979.1111). Architects and builders are encouraged to use the Cradle
to Cradle Questionnaire as a means to evaluate materials under consideration. The Questionnaire
is a tool developed and used by McDonough Braungart Design Chemistry (MBDC); questions regarding its use may be directed to Jay Bolus (434.295.0204).
Please refer to the MiR Phase II Design Booklet, Chapter III: Material Options for additional Cradle
to Cradle material information.
NEW ORLEANS TYPOLOGIES
New Orleans and the Lower Ninth Ward have a rich architectural vernacular. As one of the oldest
cities in America, New Orleans has developed a recognizable style, and this is a source of pride to
many of the city’s residents. We encourage a modern adaptation of local building typologies such
as the shotgun house, the camel-back, and the Creole Cottage. Features such as porches, balconies, front “stoops”, pitched roofs, high-ceilings, double-hung windows, dormer windows, decorative
brackets, shutters, and iron-work. Although it should be noted that classically detailed brackets,
shutters, and ironwork may be cost prohibitive.
Please refer to the MiR Phase II Design Booklet, Chapter II: Design Data for additional neighborhood information and zoning diagrams.
MODIFICATION OPTIONS
Given the diversity of lots and homeowner requirements in the MIR program, the following design
options will be useful. Architects are encouraged to show how the design can be altered to accommodate the following modifications:
•
A lot with the long axis in the north-south orientation.
•
Alternate lot widths, as designs must be adaptable to different lot sizes, see the lot size
diagram for the range of lots in the target area.
•
A major challenge to the design of the home will be accessibility to the raised first floor. The
inclusion of an outdoor lift will be an option only to those who can afford this upgrade;
therefore we strongly encourage more innovative design solutions.
DELIVERABLES
To maximize the benefit of the Schematic Design process, we have broken it into two phases and
included a review period before renderings and models are generated. After first round Schematic
Designs are submitted, Make It Right’s Executive Architect and Director of Construction will evaluate the designs based on sustainability, affordability, and replicability, and provide feedback to the
Design Architects. Design Architects will have two weeks to incorporate this feedback into the
designs before commissioning computer renderings and physical models. The second round of
Schematic Design will be 4 weeks in duration and will culminate with a presentation to the Lower
9th Ward community.
I.
Schematic Design Phase I (Submit all graphics as an AutoCAD 2006 DWG or PDF 24x36
format)
A.
Plans at 1/8” = 1’-0” or 1:100 scale
B.
Elevations at 1/8” = 1’-0” or 1:100 scale
C.
Sections at 1/8” = 1’-0” or 1:100 scale
D.
Annotated wall section indicating exterior materials at ¾” = 1’-0” or 1:10 scale
E.
Concept diagram
F.
Sustainability diagram
G.
Written description of the design (500 words)
H.
1 exterior perspective sketch or rendering
I.
1 interior perspective sketch or rendering
II.
Schematic Design Phase II
A.
Plans at 1/4” = 1’0” or 1:50 scale
B.
Elevations at 1/4” = 1’0” or 1:50 scale
C.
Sections at 1/4” = 1’-0” or 1:50 scale
D.
Annotated wall section indicating exterior materials at ¾” = 1’0” or 1:10 scale
E.
Concept diagram
F.
Sustainability diagram
G.
Itemized Cost Estimate
H.
Written description of the design (500 words)
I.
3 exterior color palette options (3 colors per palette)
J.
Two 30”x42” presentation boards in portrait format as a PDF file
K.
2D drawings as AutoCAD 2006 DWG and PDF files, 24x36 format
L.
2 exterior renderings (Images as 300 dpi JPG files for publication)
M.
1 interior rendering
N.
Physical model at ¼” = 1’-0” or 1:50 scale
III.
Home owner Design Booklet
A.
Simplified floor plan – all landscape symbols, hatches, tags and notes removed
except for room names and dimensions noted (eg Bedroom 11’x12’).
B.
Simplified elevations – all tags and notes removed, include a human for scale
C.
Rendering – minimum one rendering of exterior from street; ideally three render
ings: front, rear, and interior
IV.
Make It Right Publication
A.
Each of the designs will be featured in a book about the project, please submit EPS
files for publication when requested
LOWER 9TH WARD DISTRICT
REBUILDING PLAN
FEMA BASE FLOOD MAPS
D E S I G N
MAKE IT RIGHT
D ES IG N B OOK L ET 10 .2 6 .2 0 0 8
B O O K L E T
1 0 . 17. 2 0 0 8
00
VI
V
IV
III
II
I
MISSION STATEMENT
AFTERMATH
SITE ANALYSIS
LOST HOMES
CLIMATE DATA
VERNACULAR HOUSING TYPOLOGIES
MASSING/DENSITY STUDIES
CRADLE TO CRADLE
CONSTRUCTION TYPES TO DATE
EXTERIOR FINISHES
EXTERIOR AMENITIES
INTERIOR FINISHES
NATIVE / ADAPTIVE PLANTS
LIST OF ARCHITECTS
A.
MAKE IT RIGHT
CRADLE TO CRADLE SUSTAINABLE
STRATEGIES
PRIMARY SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION
SYSTEMS
ENERGY EFFICIENT APPLIANCES AND
FIXTURES
LANDSCAPING
C.
B.
A.
SUSTAINABLE DESIGN
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
MATERIAL OPTIONS
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
DESIGN DATA
A.
B.
MAKE IT RIGHT
TABL E OF C ON TEN T S
01
I
AFTERMATH
B.
MAKE IT RIGHT
MISSION STATEMENT: NEW HOMES
FOR NEW ORLEANS
A.
M A K E IT R IG HT
Sustainability.
Affordability.
The critical need for a physical community to complement the
spirit of the people of New Orleans’ Lower Ninth Ward is clear.
The MIR team’s long term focus is to help the community’s
strength become a catalyst for further growth locally, as well
as globally, serving as a model for rebuilding devastated
communities around the world. Thus, these architects, who
have come together from all around the world, as well as from
all across the design intelligence spectrum, are the nexus of
a project that will achieve local success while creating global
opportunity.
It is not often, though, that a project combines every one of
these concepts with an independent and collaborative team of
world-class architects. The goal of Make It Right (MIR) is just
that: to successfully embody a commitment to each of these
concepts through a team of globally respected architects and
designers. Their common goal: to provide high quality, relevant,
sustainable, affordable housing for one hundred and fty
families in New Orleans’ Lower Ninth Ward whose lives were
turned upside down in August 2005, and to take the process
further by making it replicable on a global scale.
At least one of these important concepts nds its way to the top
of any list of priorities when designing a modern structure.
Relevance.
02
All of us at MIR look forward to being part of the renewal of a
vital Lower Ninth Ward community in New Orleans and planting
the seeds of renewal for communities worldwide. This day and
for years to come, we are committed to Making It Right.
What began as collaboration between Brad Pitt’s selected
design team for MIR, Graft and William McDonough + Partners,
has expanded to include MIR Executive Architecture rm John C.
Williams Architects, LLC. From there, 13 renowned architecture
rms were assembled by the MIR design team to fashion the
nal Make It Right community. These include the local rms
Billes Architecture, Eskew+Dumez+Ripple, Concordia, and
Trahan Architects, the national rms BNIM, Kieran Timberlake
Associates, Morphosis, and Pugh + Scarpa, and the international
rms Adjaye Associates, Constructs, Graft, MVRDV, and Shigeru
Ban Architects. The 14 assembled designers who represent a
diverse group of local, national and international talent will each
bring their own touch and feel to the project. The wide range
of design perspectives were incorporated with the desire to
achieve a community of diversity, exemplifying a level of quality,
sustainability, and equity that can be recognized on a broad
scale. The obligation of this design community to complement
the spirit of the people of The Lower 9th Ward is embraced by
each individual design studio and by the team as a whole.
MISSION STATEMENT: NEW HOMES FOR NEW ORLEANS
Superior Design.
Replicability.
A.
Graft home on Tennessee Street.
Kieran Timberlake’s home on Tennessee Street.
Construction activities along the Tennessee Street
corridor, showing the rear of the Graft-designed
home on Deslonde Street.
MAKE IT RIGHT
B.
AFTERMATH: HURRICANE KATRINA
03
Bahamas, South Florida, Cuba, Louisiana (especially
Greater New Orleans), Mississippi, Alabama, Florida
Panhandle, most of eastern North America. Part of
the 2005 Atlantic hurricane season
Areas affected:
$81.2 billion (2005 USD)
$84 billion (2006 USD)
(Costliest Atlantic hurricane in history)
Damages:
1,836 total
Fatalities:
902 mbar (hPa; 26.65 inHg)
Lowest pressure:
175 mph (280 km/h) (1-minute sustained)
Highest winds:
August 31, 2005
Dissipated:
August 23, 2005
Formed:
MAKE IT RIGHT
AFTERMATH: KATRINA’S TOLL
By: Michael Zach, GRAFT; Source:
wikipedia.org
KATRINA’S PATH AND RAINFALL DIAGRAM
B.
04
MAKE IT RIGHT
Katrina hit the Mississippi coastline in the early morning of August 29, 2005. It caused 53 different levee breaches in the greater
New Orleans. This resulted in the ooding of 80% of the city. As
of May 19, 2006, Katrina’s death toll stood at 1,836, mainly from
Louisiana (1,577) and Mississippi (238). 243,180 people lived
in houses with over 4 feet of ood water; this is 50% of the city’s
population.
GENERAL FACTS:
B.
2-4’
4-6’
6-10’
over 10’
By: Michael Zach, GRAFT; Source: Bring New Orleans Back Commission
DEPTH OF FLOODING
0-2’
Carrollton
Mid-city
Bywater
Lakeview
City Park
iss
iss
Algiers
M
Gentilly
AFTERMATH: DEPTH OF FLOODING
ip
pi
LOWER
9TH
WARD
English turn
Eastern New Orleans
Lake Pontchartrain
05
Lake Borgne
Bywater
Mis
Algiers
sis
sip
LOWER
9TH
WARD
pi
English turn
Eastern
23-29 days
7-22 days
1-6 days
DURATION OF FLOODING
MAKE IT RIGHT
Hurricanes are nothing new, and neither is the devastation that
they cause. From 1274 to current day, from Japan to the Gulf of
Mexico, hurricanes have destroyed economies and lives. To put
Hurricane Katrina in context with other natural disasters (such
as landslides, wildres, earthquakes, and tsunamis), it has to
be acknowledged that there seems to be an increasing number
of these events occurring. Some are a product of the changing
environment, while others are at least partly man-made. The
consequences however, are the same: People around the world
are vulnerable.
By: Michael Zach, GRAFT; Source: The New York Times
Carrollton
Mid-city
Gentilly
Lake Pontchartrain
City Park
Lakeview
B.
HOMES WITH PERMISSION
TO BE DEMOLISHED
<10%
10-25%
25-100%
By: Michael Zach, GRAFT; Source: Bring New Orleans Back Comission
Carrollton
Mid-city
Bywater
Lakeview
City Park
AFTERMATH: DESTRUCTION
iss
iss
Algiers
M
Gentilly
ip
pi
LOWER
9TH
WARD
English turn
Lake Pontchartrain
Eastern New Orleans
06
Lake Borgne
MAKE IT RIGHT
Hurricane Katrina devastated 90,000 square miles along the Gulf
Coast in August of 2005. The anguish felt during and immediately after the storm persists today in each and every survivor,
whether or not they have returned to rebuild. In New Orleans, the
Lower 9th Ward was one of the most devastated neighborhoods.
Its vulnerability due to levee breaches created oodwaters that
tore houses off their foundations, threw houses on top of cars,
erased blocks upon blocks of neighborhoods and left an entire
community homeless. Neighbors tell stories of enduring devastating heat, desperately attempting to save family members by
hacking holes through roofs to provide air and escape from the
fetid oodwaters, and spending days upon days on rooftops without drinking water in the relentless sun waiting for help. That wait
continues to this day.
B.
Los Angeles 4,435
Portland 520
Seattle 920
Denver 1,574
Honolulu 105
Albuquerque 405
Salt Lake City 448
AFTERMATH: DIASPORA
Houston 84,749
New Orleans 183,617
Atlanta 29,252
Chicago 4,773
Washington 4,852
07
Ft. Lauderdale 4,188
Orlando 2,693
New York 4,186
100
10
1.000
5.000
10.000
By: Michael Zach, GRAFT; Source: The New York Times, 10.06.2005
NUMBER OF REFUGEES KATRINA
SPREAD ACROSS THE USA
Philadelphia 4,186
MAKE IT RIGHT
The people of the Lower 9th Ward are survivors who are passionate, strong and united. However, the situation they nd themselves
in two long years later needs to be addressed. We need to MAKE
IT RIGHT.
Having once endured temperatures in excess of 100 degrees Fahrenheit for days on end without electricity, water or hope of rescue,
the people of the Lower 9th Ward are proving that with passion,
commitment and collaboration, they can beat the odds. They are
ready to represent a city that not only provides a steady stream
of culture and soul to the nation, but also serves as the pulse of
America - the unsung hero of America’s economy.
A higher number of residents of the Lower 9th Ward owned their
own homes before the storm as compared to the rest of New Orleans’ residents. This is a testament to their hard work and independence. But this was small consolation as a disproportionate
number also lost their lives to Katrina, either directly to the storm
or from enduring the subsequent displacement. The result is that
many residents are simply unable to return to their birthplace.
08
II
LOST HOMES
CLIMATE DATA
VERNACULAR HOUSING TYPOLOGIES
MASSING / DENSITY STUDIES
SURVIVAL / RESCUE PLANNING
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
MAKE IT RIGHT
SITE ANALYSIS
A.
D ES IG N DATA
NEW ORLEANS
SITE ANALYSIS: THE LOWER NINTH WARD
SATELLITE VIEW OF NEW ORLEANS
A.
Source: Google Maps http://maps google com
New Orleans from space
09
NOTABLE DISTRICTS OF NEW ORLEANS
GARDEN
DISTRICT
WAREHOUSE
DISTRICT
CENTRAL
BUSINESS
DISTRICT
FAIRGROUNDS
FRENCH
QUARTER
CITY
PARK
TARGET AREA
LOWER
NINTH
WARD
New Orleans, satellite map
MAKE IT RIGHT
Source: Google Maps, http://maps.google.com
A.
10
SITE ANALYSIS: LOWER 9TH WARD AND NEIGHBORING LAND USE ZONING*
MAKE IT RIGHT
*For more detailed information on zoning, please refer to the
Design Guidelines package, Chapter V: Lower 9th Ward District
Rebuilding Plan
NEIGHBORHOOD COMMERCIAL
LIGHT INDUSTRIAL/INDUSTRIAL PARK
RS-2: Single-Family Residential District
RD-3: Two-Family Residential District
GREENSPACE
RM-2: Multiple Family Residential District
B-1
TARGET AREA
RD-3
RS-2
B-1
RM-2
.
N AVE
H CLA
YBOR
NORT
11
SITE ANALYSIS: OVERLAP OF DUPLEX SITE WITH LOWER 9TH WARD ZONING*
INDU
S
T
R
I
A
L CAN
AL
A.
T.
EE S
TENN
ESS
MAKE IT RIGHT
*For more detailed information on zoning, please refer to the
Design Guidelines package, Chapter V: Lower 9th Ward District
Rebuilding Plan
LIGHT INDUSTRIAL/INDUSTRIAL PARK
RS-2: Single-Family Residential District
RD-3: Two-Family Residential District
RM-2: Multiple Family Residential District
B-1
TARGET AREA
N. CL
E ST.
BIGNY
AIBOR
NE ST
.
N. DER
TENN
ESSE
DESLO
NDE ST
.
JOUR
DAN A
VE.
ST.
N. PR
IEUR
MAN
N. RO
ST.
ST.
NSON
N. JOH
ST.
SITE ANALYSIS: NEIGHBORHOOD LOT SIZE*
REYN
ES ST
.
A.
FORST
ALL ST
.
2450
306
31
6
24
84
48
40
39
8
10
16
total
number
of lots
100
10.1
2.0
7.8
27.5
15.7
13.1
12.7
2.6
3.3
5.2
% of
total
lot
DASHED LINE INDICATES LOT TIE
70 x 35
70 x 40 2800
105 x 35 3675
105 x 40 4200
110 x 30 3300
120 x 35 4200
125 x 30 3750
170 x 30 5100
170 x 35 5950
170 x 40 6800
sq.ft.
100
6.2
1.4
7.3
29.0
13.0
13.8
12.0
3.4
4.9
9.0
% of
sq.ft.
12
*For more detailed information on zoning, please refer to the
Design Guidelines package, Chapter V: Lower 9th Ward District
Rebuilding Plan
Source: City of New Orleans, Community on One Page Portal
TOTAL
10.
9.
8.
7.
6.
5.
4.
3.
2.
1.
ft x ft
MAKE IT RIGHT
anal
RE
ST.
RTSON
AVE.
BIGNY
UR
ST.
ST.
ST.
Indus
SECTION
-5’
+/-0’
+10’
Pre-Katrina houses
Post-Katrina houses
You are here
ST.
DESLON
DE
trial C
N.VILLE
N.ROBE
ORNE
N.CLAIB
SUREKO
TE
N. DER
AN
N. ROM
RD.
AVE.
N. PRIE
NSON
N. JOH
ST.
DESLONDE ST
N. GAL
VEZ
SUREKO
TE
ST.
TENNES
SEE
ST.
RD.
ST.
EGAN
ST.
IA
O
ST.
AND
RY
N. MIR
ST.
CHO
ST.
AVE.
ST.
AN
N. ROM
BIGNY
N. DER
ORNE
N.CLAIB
CTAW
N. TON
TI
ST.
ST.
ST.
NSON
N. JOH
UR
N. PRIE
ST.
FLOOD
N
DAMAGE DONE TO THE LOWER 9TH WARD
Industrial Canal
ST.
ST.
N. GAL
VEZ
TI
N. TON
ST.
O
N. MIR
AVE.
CAFFIN
CHEBLA
V E
FLOOD ST
ST.
ST.
BLAVE
N.ROCHE
IS
N.DO
RGENO
ST.
E
N.RO
ANCH
LOST HOMES
LAM
ST.
ST.
FLORID
A
CHARB
LAMANCHE ST
AVE.
ST.
CHARBONNET ST
13
ALABO
IPPLE
WH
AC
IGN
ROFF
ST.
B.
ST.
BENT
ON
ALABO ST
JOURDA
JOURDAN AVE
0’
ST.
IN
HAML
ST.
LO
TUPE
ENOIS
ST.
GORDON ST
N.DORG
ST.
ST.
TUPELO ST
LLO
NTICE
MO
TENNESSEE ST
LAW
AVE.
ST. MA
URICE
500’
TRICO
ST.
U
ONNET
REYNES ST
REYNES
ST.
FLORID
A
CHOCTAW ST
DELE
RY
PRAR
O
ST.
DELERY ST
TRICOU ST
ST. MAURICE AVE
AVE.
ST.
MONTICELLO ST
GORD
ON
BENTON ST
ST.
ST.
CAFFIN AVE
ANDRY ST
EGANIA ST
LIZARDI ST
LIZARDI
ST.
FORSTALL ST
FORSTA
LL
ST.
ST.
N. PR
IEU
R ST.
ST.
EAN
-5’
+/-0’
+10’
LVEZ
ST.
N. GA
1/4 Mile
NSON
N.JOH
VALJ
ST.
RO
N. MI
ST.
MAKE IT RIGHT
C.
1 Sun diagram
CLIMATE DATA
Low
43.4°F
46.1°F
52.7°F
58.4°F
66.4°F
72.0°F
74.2°F
73.9°F
70.6°F
60.2°F
51.8°F
45.6°F
High
61.8°F
65.3°F
72.1°F
78.0°F
84.8°F
89.4°F
91.1°F
91.0°F
87.1°F
79.7°F
71.0°F
64.5°F
Month Precipitation
Month
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sept
Oct
Nov
Dec
14
Low
High
Month Precipitation
Jan
5.87in.
Feb 5.47in.
Mar 5.24in.
Apr
5.02in.
May 4.62in.
Jun
6.83in.
Jul
6.20in.
Aug 6.15in.
Sept 5.55in.
Oct
3.05in.
Nov 5.09in.
Dec 5.07in.
MONTHLY AVERAGE TEMPERATURE
AND PRECIPITATION
Month
MAKE IT RIGHT
D.
VERNACULAR HOUSING TYPOLOGIES
15
LOWER 9TH WARD, PRE KATRINA
MAKE IT RIGHT
24’
48’
A two story, 5-bay Creole Townhouse with a balcony. Note
the balcony turns the corner of the property and shelters
access to the rear yard.
5-Bay Creole Townhouse
0’ 3’ 6’ 12’
A two story 4-bay Creole Townhouse with a
gallery and a side gallery visible at the left of
the building
A two story, 6-bay Creole Townhouse with two,
projecting balconies.
A three story, 4-bay Creole Townhouse
with a gallery. Note the carriageway at
the lower left corner of the facade.
VERNACULAR HOUSING TYPOLOGIES
4-Bay Creole Townhouse
D.
24’
48’
A Creole Townhouse Cornerstore with a wide cast-iron
gallery on both street fronts. Two shops on each street as
well as a passage are located on the ground floor.
Creole Townhouse Co rnerstore
0’ 3’ 6’ 12’
16
A detail of the Creole
Townhouse depicted on
the left. The passage shown
at grade is matched by a
elaborated opening in the floor
above indicating a second
level passage or exterior
hallway dividing individual
appartments.
A pair of three story 3-bay Creole Townhouses side by side. The third bay at grade
is a passage in both cases. The uppermost balcony indicates that the attic floor is
a few feet below the eaves - allowing for small low windows and eliminating the
3-Bay Creole Townhouse
Information on these pages taken from: Carrie Bernhard, Scott Bernhard; An Introduction to New Orleans House Types; 2006
The Creole Townhouse type is characterized by a linear
succession of primary spaces and vertically oriented
circulation. The ridge beam spans the width of the
primary form resultingin a gable - sided roof that is
pitched toward the front and rear.
CR EOL E TOWNHOU S E
MAKE IT RIGHT
2-BAY
3-BAY
VERNACULAR HOUSING TYPOLOGIES
4-BAY
3-BAY
4-BAY
The SHOTGUN type is characterized by a linear progression of spaces aligned perpendicular with
the street. The ridge beam spans the length of freestanding form resulting in a gabled roof that
pitches toward the sides.
2-BAY
The CREOLE COTTAGE type is characterized by a succession of primary spaces off the street
followed by a succession of attached secondary spaces. The ridge beam spans the width of the
freestanding form, resulting in a gable sided roof that is pitched toward the front and the rear.
D.
5-BAY
5-BAY
17
6-BAY
CAMELBACK
SHOTGUN
RAISED CREOLE
COTTAGE
rd
nd
st
Order Variations
Raised Creole Cottage
Creole Cottage Corner-store
Order Variations
3-bay Creole Cottage
4-bay Creole Cottage
5-bay (or Center hall) Creole Cottage
6-bay Creole Cottage
Order Variation
2-bay Creole Cottage
3
2
1
rd
nd
st
Order Variations
Raised Shotgun
Camelback Shotgun
Order Variations
3-bay Shotgun
4-bay Shotgun
5-bay Shotgun
Order Variation
2-bay Shotgun
Variations of the SHOTGUN Type
3
2
1
Variations of the CREOLE COTTAGE Type
MAKE IT RIGHT
VERNACULAR HOUSING TYPOLOGIES
B. 3-bay Creole Cottage. There is no dormer, but there are windows and
small louvered vents in the gable ends.
A. 3-bay Creole Cottage. There are two dormers in the front, but none in
the rear. The attached service building can be seen at right.
The 3 bay creole cottage is essentially a 2 bay creole cottage with an
added bay. The extra bay can expand the size of the interior spaces or
serve as a hallway, side gallery or possibly, a combination. The hallway
and side gallery permits discreet circulation through the house. Primary
rooms are followed by secondary service spaces, a rear yard and, usually an out building. Like the 2-bay creole cottage, the applicability of the
3-bay Creole Cottage is restricted by its extreme compactness.
3-BAY CREOLE COTTAGES
B. An interior stair in the cabinet gives access to the second oor (similar
to that shown in the plan on this page). This cottage is of wood frame
construction.
A. Access to the second oor is provided by an external stair visible in
the photograph to the right. A small dormer in the front and rear provide
cross ventilation. This cottage is of masonry construction
The 2-bay creole cottage is one room wide and two rooms deep. The
organization is en suite. Primary rooms are followed by two secondary
spaces consisting of an enclosed cabinet and an open gallery. These service spaces are usually set at right angles to the house, allowing a portion of the rear room to open onto the covered, open gallery and another
portion to open directly onto the rear yard. The rear yard, or courtyard,
is usually bounded by an outbuilding at the rear of the lot. The 2-bay
variation of the creole cottage exists only sporadically as the extreme
modesty of the 2-bay variation precludes its wide applicability.
2-BAY CREOLE COTTAGES
D.
FIRST FLOOR PLAN
FIRST FLOOR PLAN
18
SECOND OR ATTIC PLAN
A
A
B
B
MAKE IT RIGHT
VERNACULAR HOUSING TYPOLOGIES
The 5-Bay Creole Cottage is essentially a 4-Bay Creole Cottage with an
extra bay inserted in the center. The bay serves as an interior hallway
leading from a central front door to the gallery at the rear, permitting
discreet circulation. The cabinets can be reached, through the gallery,
without passing through primary rooms.
5-BAY CREOLE COTTAGES
B. 4-bay Creole Cottage of masonry construction. There are two dormers
in the front, but none in the rear. The attached service building can be
seen at right.
A. 4-bay Creole Cottage of masonry construction. There is no dormer,
but there are windows and small louvered vents in the gable ends
The 4-Bay Creole Cottage is essentially two 2-Bay Creole Cottages placed
side by side. It is the most common variation of the Creole Cottage type.
It is comprised of an en- suite grid of primary spaces that is two rooms
wide by two rooms deep. Like the 2-Bay and 3-Bay variations, these primary spaces are followed by a series of secondary spaces but another
cabinet is added and the series is arrayed laterally along the rear. Each
primary room in the rear opens onto a cabinet. Both primary rooms in
the rear open onto the covered, open space of the central gallery. Counting the windows along each side of the house, all four primary rooms
have access to light and air in two directions. The 4-Bay Creole Cottage
can serve as a single residence or two separate residences if the openings in the central wall are closed off.
4-BAY CREOLE COTTAGES
D.
SECOND FLOOR OF
ATTIC PLAN
FIRST FLOOR PLAN
FIRST FLOOR PLAN
19
A
A
B
B
MAKE IT RIGHT
VERNACULAR HOUSING TYPOLOGIES
B. Raised 4-Bay Creole Cottage. The house is set back from the sidewalk to allow for a stair perpendicular to the street.
A. Raised 4-Bay Creole Cottage. The addition at left of the photograph
is not consistent with common variations added.
The Raised Creole Cottage is any pre-existing Creole Cottage variation
that has been raised off the ground to avoid ooding and/or to add
usable square footage. Some Creole Cottages are constructed as raised
buildings while others are raised after the fact. The raised building
either rests on tall piers with nothing added underneath or more typically, a new enclosed rst level is inserted. The added space typically
used either for parking, residential or commercial purposes. The ceiling
height of the new rst level is usually less than that of the original and
the oor sits off the ground only 4 to 6 inches. In areas vulnerable to
ooding, the new rst oor is considered sacricial.
RAISED CREOLE COTTAGES
B. An 8-bay Creole Cottage. Note the party-wall extending above the roof
between the fourth and fth bays.
A. 6-bay Creole Cottage. A two story service building with a balcony is
visible at the right of the photograph in the rear yard. A side carport has
also been added
The 6-Bay Creole Cottage is the repetition of three 2-Bay Creole Cottages
in a continuous row under a single roof. These large cottages often serve
as multiple residential units or are sometimes used for commercial purposes.
6-BAY AND 8-BAY CREOLE COTTAGES
D.
GROUND PLAN
FIRST FLOOR PLAN
RAISED LEVEL
PLAN
20
A
A
B
B
MAKE IT RIGHT
VERNACULAR HOUSING TYPOLOGIES
B. 3-bay Shotgun. The bay a right becomes a side gallery beyond the rst
room of the house visible to the right of the photograph.
A. 3-bay Shotgun of wood frame construction. The corner location of
this shotgun allows its full length to be seen. There are six rooms from
front to rear.
The 3-Bay Shotgun is essentially a Single with an added 3rd bay and
intended as a single residence. The possibilities for outdoor spaces are
increased when a third bay is added to the basic 2-bay conguration. The
third bay manifests itself in a variety of forms and combinations of forms.
An added bay can be used as a corridor or to expand the size of interior
spaces yet most variable are the outdoor conditions that arise. These
include balconies, front and rear porches, and galleries; all of which may
exhibit varying degrees of inter-relatedness with interior spaces. The facade is three bays wide, consisting of a door and two windows. The rst
oor is generally raised off the ground from 18 to 36 inches.
3-BAY SHOTGUN
B. A pair of 2-bay shotguns side by side. Some singles are as narrow as
10 feet, and others as wide as 15 feet.
A. 2-Bay shotgun, commonly known as a “Single Shotgun” or just a “single.” This is a wood frame example-by far the most common construction system for shotguns
The 2-Bay Shotgun or “Shotgun Single” is one room wide and three or
more rooms deep. The organization is en- suite; circulation ows from
one room to the next without the use of corridors. A half bay, usually located near the rear of the sequence, is used for service functions (most
commonly a bathroom).
2-BAY SHOTGUN
D.
FIRST FLOOR PLAN
FIRST FLOOR PLAN
21
A
A
B
B
MAKE IT RIGHT
VERNACULAR HOUSING TYPOLOGIES
B. 4-bay Raised Shotgun with a parking space below. Raised houses often make use of the ground space for utilitarian functions such as parking or storage. Occasionally, apartments are created in these typically
low ceilinged and damp spaces.
A. Raised Shotgun with a complex front porch and gallery. The space
below the shotgun has been enclosed and is used as an apartment at
grade. Such apartments are prone to water damage.
The Raised Shotgun is a pre-existing Single, Double or 3-Bay Shotgun
that has been raised off the ground to avoid ooding and/or to add usable square footage. Some Shotguns are constructed as raised buildings
while others are raised after the fact. The raised building either rests on
tall piers with nothing but ground underneath or more typically, a new
enclosed rst level is inserted. The added space is used either for parking or commercial purposes. The height of the new rst level is usually
less than that of the original and the oor is usually at grade.
RAISED SHOTGUN
A 4-bay Shotgun on a corner site showing the full length of the building.
Ornamental brackets “support” the front overhanging roof.
A row of 4-bay Shotguns, or “Shotgun Doubles” as they are more commonly called. This building type is the most common in the city making
up 80-90% the housing in some neighborhoods.
The 4-Bay Shotgun or “Shotgun Double” is essentially two Singles placed
side by side, divided by a shared wall, and intended as two separate
residences. It is the most prolic variation of the shotgun and of any type
in New Orleans. In recent times, many Doubles have been converted to
single family homes. Circulation ows from one room to the next without
the use of corridors. The façade is four bays wide, consisting of a window
and door on each side. The rst oor is generally raised off the ground
from 18 to 36 inches. The Double variation provides an increased density per lot. In addition, it often allows a related family or family members
to live separately but conjoined.
4-BAY SHOTGUN
D.
22
A
A
B
B
MAKE IT RIGHT
VERNACULAR HOUSING TYPOLOGIES
B. Camelback Shotgun 3-bay Single with a side gallery visible at right.
A. Camelback Shotgun 4-bay Double with a front porch. A side entrance
to the Camelback can be seen at the right of the photograph. In some
instances the camelback portion of the building is used as an entirely
separate residence.
The Camelback Shotgun is a Single, Double or 3-Bay Shotgun that has
a second level on the rear portion of the building, creating a ‘hump.’ The
stairway is positioned near the rear in its own room, usually with doors
on three sides. Whether the doors are open, closed or locked determines
whether the rear portion is connected, private or able to be used as an entirely separate residence. The rst oor is generally raised off the ground
the usual 18 to 36 inches and conforms to the façade arrangement of its
particular variation. The Camelback variation provides an increased density per lot and like the Double and Two-Story Shotgun, allows a related
family or family members to live separately but conjoined.
CAMELBACK SHOTGUN
D.
A
23
B
MAKE IT RIGHT
E.
MINIMUM LOT SIZE - 33’W x 110’D
MINIMUM WIDTH OF SIDE YARD
MINIMUM WIDTH OF SIDE YARD
ELEVATED OFF GRADE
MAXIMUM HEIGHT- 40’
BUILDABLE ENVELOPE FOR TWOFAMILY DEVELOPMENT
MASSING AND DENSITY STUDIES
5’- 8”
34’- 4”
”
-6
3’
0”
’26
0”
’33
”
-6
3’
0”
70’-
”
’- 0
20
24
0”
6’-
0”
0’11
”
’- 0
58
0”
6’-
”
’- 0
20
MINIMUM DEPTH OF REAR YARD
MAKE IT RIGHT
MINIMUM DEPTH OF FRONT YARD
OPTIONAL SETBACK FOR FRONT PORCH
OPTIONAL SETBACK FOR REAR PORCH
25
III
CRADLE TO CRADLE
CONSTRUCTION TYPES TO DATE
EXTERIOR FINISHES
EXTERIOR AMENITIES
INTERIOR FINISHES
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
M ATER IA L OP T ION S
MAKE IT RIGHT
Materials selections for the Make It Right houses are guided
by Cradle to Cradle philosophy; in particular, the need to prefer the use of products which are safe and healthy in use and
Cradle to Cradle thinking, developed by William McDonough
and Michael Braungart in Cradle to Cradle: Remaking the
Way We Make Things (North Point Press, 2002), was inspired
by natural systems. In the natural world, the sun continually
generates new growth and feeds living systems. One organism’s waste nourishes another—waste equals food. Under this
thought process, design is broken into two closed loop nutrient systems; biological and technical. Biological nutrients are
carbon-based materials which can be safely composted and
returned to soil. Technical nutrients are materials of human
artice designed to circulate within technical metabolisms
(industrial cycles) forever. Everything we create can contribute
positively to society, the economy, and the environment in the
construction of the Make It Right houses.
in nutrient recycling based on known chemistry. All proposed
materials are reviewed by William McDonough + Partners and
McDonough Braungart Design Chemistry for adherence to
these principles. The current materials recommendations are
not intended to be a complete, denitive list. Architects and
builders associated with the Make it Right project are asked
to become familiar with the principles of Cradle to Cradle philosophy and after doing so, are encouraged to propose alternative building systems and construction materials which are
at a minimum in the Improved category, and also respect the
budgetary limitations of the MIR project. William McDonough
and Partners will review all proposed designs and new materials suggested, and provide additional guidance upon request
(contact Jordan Pollard, 434.979.1111). Architects and builders are encouraged to use the Cradle to Cradle Questionnaire
as a means to evaluate materials under consideration. The
Questionnaire is a tool developed and used by McDonough
Braungart Design Chemistry (MBDC); questions regarding its
use may be directed to Jay Bolus (434.295.0204).
CRADLE TO CRADLE: GUIDELINES
CRADLE TO CRADLE AND MATERIAL SELECTION
GUIDELINES
A.
26
MAKE IT RIGHT
EXTERIOR SHELL
Wall assembly
Roof assembly
Housewrap Typar
Fiber cement cladding (Hardie Board)
General note: use GreenGuard certified low or no VOC
adhesives and sealants throughout
Fiber cement soffits, parapets, and facia (Hardie Board)
Continuous venting of soffit/roof assembly
Preferred housewrap is Dupont Tyvek
Fiber cement cladding (Certainteed recycled fly ash content) OR
prefer long-lived finishes that require minimal maintenance,
recycled content metal cladding (Centria Versawall or others) OR rot- provide 3/8" min rainscreen ventilation/drainage plane
resistant wood cladding (FSC certified or reclaimed w/ natural or
water-based finish). Other approved cladding options (FSC-certified
100% post-consumer wood composite Kliptech PaperStone Certified,
etc)
Fiber cement soffits, parapets, and facia (Certainteed recycled fly
ash content) OR recycled content metal soffits OR rot-resistant wood
soffits (FSC certified or reclaimed w/ natural or water-based finish)
Use no VOC adhesives and sealants
Apex Earth Seal R-19 closed cell foam spray or an EPS or
polyisocyanurate foam as part of pre-fabricated panel system
(see above), no ozone-depleting blowing agents
cellulose not preferred in high humidity/flood-prone climate
Alternate: Structural insulated panel (SIP) -composite wood skin w/
optimize thermal performance, prefer design for disassembly
expanded polystyrene insulation (EPS) or polyisocyanurate foam
and separation of structure from systems, limit use of
insulation using no ozone-depleting blowing agents. Prefer no added dimensional lumber
urea formaldehyde in composite wood skin; currently no regional
source has been identified meeting this criteria. Advanced steel or
aluminum framing system OR structural concrete insulated panel
(SCIP) system. (Note: SCIP systems must be 3rd party tested with
regard to structural stability and moisture migration)
metal roof preferable (recyclability, low maintenance, ideal for
water collection), consider PV connections when choosing
roof finish
Engineered wood framing w/ borate (Bluewood or other) or
silica termite treatment (Timbersil), use advanced framing
techniques compatible with hurricane-resistant
framing/connections. Note: borate treatment is not approved
for ground/prolonged moisture contact. Steel Ocean Safe
metal panel SIP system w/ no added urea formaldehyde in
skins and an EPS core
Proposed for Round 2 prototypes
$130/sf target construction budget
Round 1 (13 architects) prototypes
26 Gauge metal roofing w/ galvanized finish, meet cool roof
requirements or Energy Star labelled roof, Decra Metal
Shingles, or Energy Star TPO for flat roofs
1st Generation
NOTE: The recommendations have been prepared to address specific regional, climatic and budgetary criteria for Make It Right, and have been evaluated with regard to human and environmental
health criteria. Recommendations are subject to change, and proposed substitutions must be approved by Make It Right in conjunction with product evaluation by William McDonough +
Partners.
Any use or conveyance of this document outside of the Make It Right team, in whole or in part, must be approved by Make It Right.
CRADLE TO CRADLE: MATERIAL MATRIX
2nd Generation
A.
Cradle to Cradle
27
1st Generation
$130/sf target construction budget
Round 1 (13 architects) prototypes
Proposed for Round 2 prototypes
Preferred: Aluminum clad FSC-certified wood OR aluminum frame
windows w/ acceptable thermal break - both w/ exterior finish that
contains safer alternative to PVDF (not currently available)
Secondary: Alum clad FSC certified wood frame windows (Loewen)
OR approved aluminum frame or fiberglass frame windows w/
acceptable thermal break
Fiberglass-clad, windows (Marvin Integrity)
FSC-certified T&G plywood sheathing w/ no added urea
formaldehyde OR concrete w/ recycled fly ash content
General note: location and performance of air/vapor barriers is
critical to control interior humidity levels during cooling mode
Apex Earth Seal R-19 closed cell foam spray or an EPS or
polyisocyanurate foam as part of pre-fabricated panel system
(see above), no ozone-depleting blowing agents
copper azole) wood piers. What was used was unapproved
creosote treated piers
Open web wood floor trusses or wood composite TJIs, w/
borate (Bluewood or other) or silica (Timbersil) termite
treatment or SIPs w/ EPS or polyiso foam insulation using no
ozone-depleting blowing agents. board (Certanteed Board)
accommodate future additions to structure
MAKE IT RIGHT
Advanced steel or aluminum framing system OR SCIP OR SIP w/ no optimize thermal performance, prefer design for disassembly,
added urea formaldehyde in skins (Note: SCIP systems must be 3rd separation of structure from systems, limit use of dimensional
party tested with regard to structural stability and moisture migration),, lumber
OR concrete plank system
Floor / Foundation Concrete piers w/ recycled fly ash content OR treated (ACQ or Preferred: Timbersil piers with concrete cap
Fiberglass-clad, wood exterior doors (Marvin Integrity)
Alternate: paperless gypsum wallboard cement board (USG Durock) note that paperless gwb is not currently recyclable due to
OR other moisture resistant panels and approved wall panels (100% fiberglass facing, & currently has no recyled content
post consumer 3Form, agrifiber, etc)
Paperless gypsum wall board (Georgia Pacific DensArmor
Plus)
U-factor 0.35 or lower, SHGC 0.35 or lower, specify hurricane
impact resistant glass or shutter system
EPS or polyisocyanurate foam as part of pre-fabricated panel system cellulose not preferred in high humidity/flood-prone climate
(see above), no ozone-depleting blowing agents
Advanced steel or aluminum framing system OR SCIP sytem OR SIP optimize thermal performance, prefer design for disassembly
system w/ no added urea formaldehyde in skins (Note: SCIP systems and separation of structure from systems, limit use of
must be 3rd party tested with regard to structural stability and
dimensional lumber
moisture migration)
2nd Generation
Apex Earth Seal R-19 closed cell foam spray or an EPS or
polyisocyanurate foam as part of pre-fabricated panel system
(see above), no ozone-depleting blowing agents
wood framing w/ borate (Bluewood or other) or silica
(Timbersil) treatment, ACQ or copper azole sill plate
(wood/plastic composites are not preferred) - use advanced
framing techniques compatible with hurricane-resistant
framing/connections or SIP system w/ EPS or polyiso foam
insulation using no ozone-depleting blowing agents
Wall assembly con Forest Stewardship Council (FSC)-certified sheathing and
Cradle to Cradle
$130/sf target construction budget
Round 1 (13 architects) prototypes
Interior paints - zero VOC (Benjamin Moore Natura) exterior
paints- low VOC (Benjamin Moore Aura)
Bath flooring and tub/shower recycled content Daltile
Kitchen/laundry, pantry, and utility rooms flooring - linoleum
(Armstrong) and recycled content Daltile
Preferred:no VOC water based paints (AFM, YOLO
Colorhouse, Bioshield Healthy Living, ICI Lifemaster)
Preferred: Natural plaster (American Clay). Second
Alternate: cork OR wood
100% recycled glass tile OR glass terrazzo (IceStone, Counter
Productions Vertrazzo, EnviroSLAB) OR FSC-certified 100%
post-consumer wood composite (Kliptech PaperStone
Certified) for surrounds only
Alternate: FSC certified wood
100% recycled glass terrazzo (IceStone, Counter Productions) OR
FSC-certified 100% post-consumer wood composite (Kliptech
PaperStone Certified, Richlite) OR reycled content concrete
Countertops - plastic laminate on water resistant wood
composite or agrifiber substrate, no added urea formaldehyde
Paint grade trim - wood composite or agrifiber, no added urea
formaldehyde
FSC certified veneers w/ factory/shop applied GreenGuard-certified
water-based finish
JDBO and Excutive Kitchens maple pure bond FSC veneer
core plywood-no urea formaldehyde
salvaged material of good quality w/ safe finish
Paint grade interior doors - FSC certified stave core OR rapidly
renewable core, no added urea formaldehyde (Humabuilt
Wheatboard, Lynden Door 100% recovered agrifiber, Marshfield
Environmental Class w/ Enviroclad finish, Eggers w/ Gardall finish,
VT Industries)
Hollow Core Doors (Home Depot)
consider movable partition systems w/ appropriate acoustic
insulation
Alternate: paperless gypsum wallboard (Georgia Pacific
note that paperless gwb is not currently recyclable due to
DensArmor, DensArmor Plus), cement board (USG Durock) OR other fiberglass facing, & has no recyled content
moisture resistant panels and approved wall panels (100% post
consumer 3Form, agrifiber, etc)
Proposed for Round 2 prototypes
Cradle to Cradle
Georgia Pacific Paperless gypsum wall board
FSC-certified wood framing or other approved system
Flooring / Finishes Living, Dining, Hall, and Bedrooms-Shaw Greenedge Carpet.
Millwork
Interior Partitions
1st Generation
CRADLE TO CRADLE: MATERIAL MATRIX
2nd Generation
A.
28
Electrical
Plumbing cont
BUILDING SYSTEMS
Plumbing
Mechanical
1st Generation
$130/sf target construction budget
Round 1 (13 architects) prototypes
Heating/Cooling -Geothermal heat pump (Envision), air
handling unit (Broan), and ERV controlling air intake and
humidity (Broan).
Proposed for Round 2 prototypes
Specify refrigerator w/ lowest energy use (currently Sunfrost)
Incorporate residential LED (light emitting diode) lamping as the
technology becomes readily available and financially viable
Range -GE-gas
Refrigerator -Frigidaire- Energy Star rated
Lighting - Specify only fixtures that accommodate Energy Star
rated CFLs (compact fluorescent lamps)
MAKE IT RIGHT
Specify fixtures that use readily available lamp sizes
specify applicance w/ lowest energy use from chosen manufacturer
incorporate south-facing roofs for anticipatory solar, move towards
carbon neutral energy profile
Include battery installation for some degree of independence from
grid-supplied power, and ability to function in grid power outages
Alternate: (? Block scale) alternate renewable power source (shared
solar, fuel cell)
coordinate roof and site design to accommodate stormwater flows
on site
coordinate roof and site design to accommodate stormwater flows
on site
Rainwater capture/filtration for non-potable (toilet, laundry) use in
house (Brae)
(? Block scale) coordinated stormwater management
specify applicance w/ lowest water use from chosen manufacturer
specify applicance w/ lowest water use from chosen manufacturer
provide good thermal envelope and landscape planting
strategies to reduce mechanical load and equipment size
Modular bio-swale being developed with the City of New
Orleans
Pervious parking and walkway surfaces - gravel, Grasspave,
pea gravel embedded in semi-permeable matrix
Roof mounted photovoltaic panels (What amount of energy
produced?)
whole house water filtration
highest Energy Star rating and lowest water use (Asko). Consult
http://www.cee1.org/.
Alternate: Dual flush low flow toilets (Toto or Kohler) OR (? Block
scale) alternative sewage treatment OR composting toilet
highest Energy Star rating and lowest water use (Bosch). Consult
http://www.cee1.org/.
Graywater capture/filtration/reuse for non-potable (toilet, laundry) use
in house OR Graywater capture/filtration/reuse for all water used in
house and on site
Fresh air - ERV (energy recovery ventilation)
Provide energy management system to allow owner to monitor/adjust
energy use
Roof mounted solar thermal panel with solar storage tank
(? Block scale) geothermal infrastructure
2nd Generation
Custom 1.5" concrete rainwater tank (Rainwater Collections
Solutions, LLC)
Low flow showerheads (Delta) and low flow faucet aerators at
sinks, vanities
Dishwasher - Kenmore, Energy Star rated, low water use
Washing machine - front-loading, stackable, GE, Energy Star
rated, low water use
Sterling 1.6/.8 gpf dual flush low-flow toilets
Potable water supply from city infrastructure only
Energy Star rated kitchen and bathroom exhaust fans (Broan
with humidistat)
Programmable thermostat (Omistat2)
Electric tankless hot water heater (NORITZ)
Implement building design strategies to mitigate heat gain and
optimize natural ventilation: orient for passive solar/
ventilation, provide shading (porches, roof overhangs,
awnings), provide 9' ceilings and Energy Star rated ceiling fans
in all living and bedroom spaces
Cradle to Cradle
B.
STICK BUILT:
CONCORDIA
SIPs (STRUCTURAL INSULATED PANELS):
KIERAN TIMBERLAKE ASSOCIATES
MODULAR
GRAFT
1.
2.
3.
CONSTRUCTION TYPES TO DATE
29
MAKE IT RIGHT
EXTERIOR FINISHES
RECLAIMED WOOD
FIBER CEMENT SIDING AND PANELS
C.
30
MAKE IT RIGHT
EXTERIOR FINISHES
EXPANDED METAL SHEETS
PLYWOOD
C.
31
MAKE IT RIGHT
EXTERIOR AMENITIES
COVERED PORCH
D.
32
DECK LIFT
ADA ACCESSIBILITY RAMP
MAKE IT RIGHT
RECYCLED CARPET
RECLAIMED WOOD FLOORING
NATURAL FIBER FLOOR COVERING
INTERIOR FINISHES
CARPET TILES
E.
33
LOW VOC PAINT
RECYCLED CONTENT TILES
MAKE IT RIGHT
34
IV
PRIMARY SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION
SYSTEMS
ENERGY EFFICIENT APPLIANCES AND
FIXTURES
B.
C.
MAKE IT RIGHT
CRADLE TO CRADLE SUSTAINABLE
STRATEGIES
A.
SUSTAI N A B L E D ES IG N TEC HN IQU ES
A.
CRADLE TO CRADLE SUSTAINABLE STRATEGIES: MATRIX
35
MAKE IT RIGHT
125 gallons
3,775 gallons
Month
53%
(via Hose Attachment)
Excess Rain
Water Capture
for Irrigation
47%
Native Plant
Species
46,000 gallons
Year
Down Spout
Filter
saving
80%
saving
40%
Rain Water
Collection Tank
Low Flow Faucet
DIAGRAMS PROVIDED BY ARUP ENGINEERS
FOR THE MIR PROJECT
saving
saving
Ultrafiltration
City Mains
Dishwasher
40%
100%
WC Dual Low Flush
Rainwater
Header Tank
New Orleans Annual
Rainfall >60 inches
Low Flow Shower
SUSTAINABLE WATER USAGE STRATEGIES
Native Plant
Species
Water
Saved:
Day
City Potable Water
41,500 gallons
Water savings
(rainwater/ efficient
systems) 46,000 gallons
saving
20%
Low Flow Kitchen
Faucet, Energy Star
Washer/Dryer
CRADLE TO CRADLE SUSTAINABLE STRATEGIES: DIAGRAMS
Water Budget - Total 87,500 gallons
A.
10%
36
35 lbs
Day
60% 30%
1,025 lbs
Month
(Reduced Loads)
Energy Savings
3,000 kWh/yr
Grid Power
10%
saving
30%
12,474 lbs
Year
Openable Windows
for Natural
Ventilation
Efficient Lighting
Ceiling Fan
saving
100%
saving
20%
Energystar
Appliances
Photovoltaic Panels
SUSTAINABLE POWER USAGE STRATEGIES
*EPA’s eGRID 2002 database for Louisiana State average CO² emissions
Tons of
Carbon*
Saved:
(Photovoltaics)
Energy Offset
6,000 kWh/yr
Energy Consumption
0.4kWh/sqft
Solar Insolation
Flat Plate/
Vaccum Tube Solar
Hot Water Collector
saving
40%
HVAC
Savings
Ultra High
Efficiency Heat Pump
saving
10%
5%
saving
MAKE IT RIGHT
Low-e Double Pane
Glazing
High Performance
Envelope
High Albedo Roof
saving
25%
37
GROUND SOURCE HEAT PUMP DIAGRAM: HEATING
PRIMARY SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION SYSTEMS: GEOTHERMAL
GROUND SOURCE HEAT PUMP DIAGRAM: COOLING
B.
MAKE IT RIGHT
INSTALLATION OF GEOTHERMAL SYSTEM INTO MIR HOUSE
A ground source heat pump coupled with in oor radiant heating
is one of the most efcient methods for heating a space. Despite
having a high initial cost, the system pays for itself within 5 years
for climates where it is used both for heating and cooling. Cooling
is done through blown air across the heat exchanger rather than a
uid / uid transfer.
Geothermal Heating/Cooling
B.
PRIMARY SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION SYSTEMS: SOLAR PANELS
38
MAKE IT RIGHT
Photo-voltaics convert the sun’s light into electricity. While panels
are not currently cost effective, government subsidies can make
them nancially viable in some areas. Efciency is improving with
this technology, though many panels do not produce the same
amount of energy required for their manufacture. PV’s would suffer in New Orleans during periods with high cloud cover. Excess
energy produced by PV’s can be returned to the city grid, and in
some cases a program for reimbursement by the power company
is in place.
Photo-voltaic Panels
Evacuated tubes are an efcient type of solar collector. The solar
collector is separated from the exterior glass tube by a vacuum.
This acts as insulation allowing the evacuated tubes to maintain
efciency even during cold months. The tubes can be coupled to
a water tank for hot water and to a radiant ooring system to heat
the house in winter months. It also continues to function on overcast days as the UV radiation which penetrates the cloud layer is
converted to heat upon contact with the inner tube. They have a
high initial cost, but can pay for themselves in 3 years depending
on their use.
Evacuated Suntubes
Drop the
edge
for less
projection.
Slope it down
for less
projection.
Vertical
louvers
or fins for
east and
especially
west facades.
Substitute
louvers
for the solid
dropped
edge to let
in mor
light.
Break up an overhang for less
projection.
Use louvers i
place o
solid
overhang for
more
diffuse light
while still
shading.
39
PRIMARY SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION SYSTEMS: SHADING AND GLAZING
Standard
horizontal
overhang
B.
MAKE IT RIGHT
This gure illustrates the characteristics of a typical double-glazed
window with a low solar gain Low-E glass and argon gas ll. These
Low-E products are often referred to as sputtered (or soft-coat)
due to the glass coating process. (Note: Moderate solar gain LowE products are also called sputtered coatings.) This type of Low-E
product, sometimes called spectrally selective Low-E glass, reduces heat loss in winter but also reduces heat gain in summer.
Compared to most tinted and reective glazings, this Low-E glass
provides a higher level of visible light transmission for a given
amount of solar heat reduction.
Double-Glazed, Impact Resistant Windows
Energy efciency can be achieved by shading window openings
with eaves or overhangs as show in the diagrams.
Double-Glazed, Impact Resistant Windows
B.
PRIMARY SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION SYSTEMS: INSULATION
40
MAKE IT RIGHT
SIPs are a composite building material. They consist of a sandwich of two layers of structural board with an insulating layer of
foam in between. The board is usually Metal (steel or Aluminum),
or oriented strand board (OSB) and either polystyrene or polyurethane foam.
Metal SIPS (Structurally Insulated Panels)
The roof, walls, oors, windows and doors may all be insulated
with closed cell spray foam. By utilizing the spray foam technique,
houses can be so well insulated and sealed that they are 5-10
times as “tight” as a typical house. This greatly improves the efciency of the house’s HVAC system.
Spray Foam Insulation
41
PRIMARY SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION SYSTEMS: WATER RETENTION
WATER RETENTION SYSTEM
B.
MAKE IT RIGHT
Currently the State of Louisiana does not allow the collect grey
water from any plumbing xtures nor does it allow the use of rainwater collected from the roof to ush toilets. MIR and other entities are working on modifying this rule. MIR phase 1 houses are
“double plumbed” and capped in anticipation of the State’s approval.
A rainwater collection system can be used to collect water from
of short, heavy downpours common to the area. Large pipes allow massive amounts of water to be collected with minimal water waste. Rainfall ows down from the roof and into the gutters,
where it is channeled through a lter into the cistern, which rests
in the crawl-space of the house. When water is needed the connected hose and pump can provide 10-12 gallons of water per
minute, about the same pressure as most outdoor faucets.
Rainwater Retention/Reclamation System
Concrete water tanks installed below house.
B.
SOLAR CHIMNEY DIAGRAMS
PRIMARY SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION SYSTEMS: VENTILATION
42
MAKE IT RIGHT
This system uses the sun’s heat to accelerate air up through a tall
chimney, accelerating natural ventilation even on calm windless
days. This example show’s it in conjunction with a subterranean
air pipe, however it could be used simply to amplify normal cross
ventilation.
SOLAR CHIMNEY
Our primary method of cooling in the summer will be to maximize
the effectiveness of ventilation. The existing shotgun house does
this already by single loading the house across the short direction, allowing for opposing windows. Other features include an
attic space used to exhaust hot air out through vents and dormers.
This accelerates ventilation by creating a stack effect. Cool air is
also brought in from beneath the house by using foundation vents
shown above. Our design should maximize both the cross ventilation of a short section, the stack effect created by a vented attic
space isolated from the living areas, and utilize cool air from beneath the raised oor.
CROSS VENTILATION
PRIMARY SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION SYSTEMS
LOWER 9TH WARD ECO-PLAYGROUND
PERVIOUS CONCRETE
B.
43
MAKE IT RIGHT
The Lower 9th Ward Eco-Playground is the most technologically
advanced eco-playground in the country. BNIM designed the overall site using sustainable site design methods. It has minimal
stormwater runoff, uses natural products and methods to reduce
pollution normally associated with traditional playground materials, and its digitally interactive play component is solar powered.
The design utilizes pervious concrete for sidewalks, native plantings, rain garden features and local materials so that the site itself will benet its community by being a good neighbor. The playground equipment is constructed using non-toxic, recyclable and
environmentally friendly materials. The playground system, ICON
by KOMPAN, balances physical play with an array of digital games
that will keep kids engaged and stimulated. The playground embraces the future of play by being as good for the children as it is
for the environment.
SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITY RESOURCES
Pervious concrete sidewalks and tire strips prevent water from
running off the lot into the street. This also combats localized
ooding, which is a big issue in New Orleans. Each square foot of
pervious concrete can hold 8 gallons of water.
PERVIOUS CONCRETE PAVING
C.
FRIGIDARE ENERGY
STAR REFRIGERATOR
GE ENERGY STAR WASHER
GE ENERGY STAR MICROWAVE
GE ENERGY STAR DRYER
GE ENERGY STAR RANGE
ENERGY EFFICIENCY: FIXTURES AND APPLIANCES
44
ENERGY STAR LIGHT FIXTURES
ENERGY STAR CEILING FANS
MAKE IT RIGHT
NORITZ: TANKLESS WATER HEATER
LOW FLOW FAUCET FIXTURE
CAROMA DUAL FLUSH TOILET
ENERGY EFFICIENCY: FIXTURES AND APPLIANCES
CAROMA DUAL FLUSH TOILET
C.
45
LOW FLOW SHOWER FIXTURE
MAKE IT RIGHT
46
V
A. NATIVE/ADAPTIVE PLANTS
LANDSCAPING
MAKE IT RIGHT
Many neighborhoods in New Orleans at one
point had tree lined streets. However recently (pre-katrina), street trees are relegated
primarily to upper class neighborhoods.
Aerial views of the Holy Cross neighborhood
reinforce this trend, showing trees primarily
at the center of blocks.
Local
Broad canopy for shade.
Elegant foliage
Region:
Other:
Growth Rate:
Region:
Other:
Rapid
Local
Provides shade
Produces pecans
Chinese Witch Hazel
NATIVE/ADAPTIVE PLANTS
Agapanthus
A.
(Acer ginnala)
Small Tree
15 feet
moderate
muti stemmed
good
browse, fair cover
47
Adaptable to a variety of soils, except alkaline, sensitive to phenoxy herbicides. Outstanding bright reddish fall colors.
Name:
Size:
20 Yr Height:
Growth Rate:
Growth Habit:
Drought Resistance:
Wildlife Value:
Day lily
(Ulmus punila)
Medium/Tall Tree
25 feet
rapid
open w/ascending
branches
good
nesting sites
cankerworm
canker, wetworm
Highly sensitive to phenoxy herbicides, brittle
wood which is subject to breakage
Drought Resistance:
Wildlife Value:
Pests:
Disease:
Name:
Size:
20 Yr Height:
Growth Rate:
Growth Habit:
Liriope ‘Big Blue’
MAKE IT RIGHT
The use of native plants, fruit-trees, as well as grading techniques
(such as vegetated bio-swales) may be used to create a landscape
that provides shade and beauty, while managing stormwater runoff. Installing large (600 gallon) rain-water harvesting systems
will allow the home-owner to use stored rain-water to irrigate their
property in dryer months. Reaching a goal of 100% storm water
management on site may me achieved with the use of pervious
concrete in both the sidewalks and the driveway. “Modular marshes”, a retention and ltration system which is being developed
with the City of New Orleans, may also be deployed along the sidewalk to mitigate run-off.
(Gleditsia triacanthos)
Medium/Tall Tree
20 feet
moderate
develops a deep tap root
system
Drought Resist: good
Wildlife Value: food and nesting sites for
birds
Disease:
relatively disease free
but can develop a canker
Other:
thorns present, leaves
fine, legume
Name:
Size:
20 Year Height:
Growth Rate:
Growth Habit:
Name:
Size:
20 Year Height:
Growth Rate:
Growth Habit:
(Fraxinus pennsylvanica)
Medium/Tall Tree
18 feet
moderate
single trunk, oval to elliptical crown
Drought Resist.: good
Wildlife Value: nesting site
Pests:
cankerworms, ash borers,
ash plant bugs
Disease:
stem decay, branch and
twig cankers, anthranc
nose, leaf rust,
ash yellows
Other:
can withstand flooding for
short periods of time.
Pond Bald Cypress
NATIVE/ADAPTIVE PLANTS
Live Oak
A.
Growth type:
Other:
Growth Height: Climbs to 40 feet.
Other:
Good for shade on trellis.
Native species.
Bright orange flowers.
Poisonous sap.
Highly aggressive. If left
unpruned, it will swallow a
host tree within a year.
48
Azalea
Dwarf Sweet Mock Orange
Climbing
Good for shade on trellis.
Pretty flowers.
Woody and dense.
Grows well in moist soil.
Native to region.
Poisonous.
MAKE IT RIGHT
Local.
Provides shade.
Tighter canopy than others.
Ornamental foliage in fall.
Pleasant, aromatic.
Region
Other:
Name:
Size:
20 Year Height:
Growth Rate:
Growth Habit:
(Celtis occidentalis)
Medium/Tall Tree
15 feet
moderate
single trunk, broadening
crown
Drought Resist.: good
Wildlife Value: fruit for birds and mamals
Pests:
commonly damaged by
browsing rodents, rabbits
and deer
Other:
good replacement for the
elm because of its similar
form and adaptability
somewhat tolerant to alki
line soils
Dwarf Maiden Grass
NATIVE/ADAPTIVE PLANTS
Karl Foerster’s Feather Reed Grass
A.
49
MAKE IT RIGHT
50
VI
MAKE IT RIGHT
L IS T OF A RC HIT EC T S