The Hundred Years War and the Rise of National Sentiment

Chapter 9: The Late Middle Ages
Section 2: The Hundred Years
War and the Rise of National
Sentiment
By Dallin F. Hardy
The Causes of the War

Hundred Years War


1337-1453
England vs. France

Edward III


Reigned 1327-1377
King of England

Charles IV


Reigned 1322-1328
End of

Capetian dynasty

987-1328

Succession Crisis

French barons

Refused


Edward III
 Had claim to
 French throne
Chose

Philip VI

Philip VI of Valois


Reigned 1328-1350
Established

Valois Dynasty

1328-1589

Causes of Hundred Years’ War

King Edward III

Claimed


English territory in France


French throne
Invaded by Philip VI
Proximity

France


Catholic
Advantages

Three times


Population of England
Disadvantages

Disunity

French Revenue for War


Depreciated the currency
Borrowed heavily from


Italian Bankers
Levied taxes

Estates General

Representative council



Clergy
Nobles
Townspeople

England


Catholic
Advantages

Military superiority




Disciplined infantry
Archers
 Longbow
Better navy
Disadvantages

Invading army
Progress of the War

Three Major Stages

Conflict during

Reign of



Edward III
French defeat & Treaty of
Troyes
Joan of Arc & conclusion

Flemish Revolt of 1340

Led by


Jacob van Artevelde
Flanders

Revolted against


France
Signed an allegiance with

England

Battle of Sluys



1340
France vs. England
Results


English victory
Destruction of

French Navy

Battle of Crecy



1346
France vs. England
Results

English victory

Siege of Calais



1346
France vs. England
Results


English victory
England

Seized Calais

Black Death


1347
Put the war on hold

Edward The Black Prince

Heir to

English throne

John II of France

Reigned 1350-1364

Battle of Poitiers



1356
France vs. England
Results


English victory
Capture of

King John II

Estates General

Took control of

France

Jacquerie


1358
Estates General


Raised taxes
Peasants

Revolted

Peace of Bretigny-Calais


1360
England

Edward III

Affirmed sovereignty over


English territories in
France
 Gascony
 Guyenne
 Poitou
 Calais
France

Agreed to pay

John II’s ransom

Death of Edward III

1377

Richard II


Reigned 1377-1399
King of England

Peasants Revolt



1381
England
Led by


John Ball
Wat Tyler

Overthrow of Richard II


1399
By Henry Bolingbroke

Henry IV


Reigned 1399-1413
King of England

Burgundy

Territory

East of France

Henry V



Reigned 1413-1422
King of England
Resumed

Attack on France

Battle of Agincourt



October 25, 1415
France vs. England
Results

Great English military
victory

Assassination of the
Duke of Burgundy


1419
Results

Burgundy

Sided with England

Treaty of Troyes


1420
Disinherited

Heir to


French throne
Henry V

Would succeed

Charles VI of France

Death of Two Kings

1422


Henry V
Charles VI

Henry VI


Reigned 1422-1471
King of


England
France

Charles VII

Reigned (1422) 1429-1461

Joan of Arc


1412-1431
Gave France


National identity
Destiny

Joan Before Charles VII

1429

Siege of Orleans


1428-1429
Orleans

Surrounded by


English
Saved by

Joan of Arc

Coronation of Charles VII

1429

Capture of Joan of Arc

1430

Trial of Joan of Arc

Convicted of heresy

Execution of Joan of Arc

1431

Saint Joan

1920

Became a saint

Unification of France


1453
Burgundy

Made peace with

France

Results of Hundred Years’ War


1337-1453
Results

England



France


French Nationalism
Burgundy


Lost French territory
Developed
 Own clothing industry
Became
 Major political power
Peasantry

Hit hardest by war
 Taxes