古生物学文摘（网络版）

古生物学文摘（网络版）
目
录
第 6 卷第 3 期
古生物学
综论………………………(1)
遗迹化石…………………(2)
古生态学…………………(2)
微体古生物学
综论………………………(3)
孢粉………………………(4)
疑源类……………………(16)
牙形石……………………(17)
小壳化石…………………(18)
古植物学
综论………………………(18)
藻类………………………(34)
真菌………………………(37)
地衣植物与苔藓植物……(38)
蕨类植物（广义）………(38)
早期种子植物……………(46)
裸子植物…………………(51)
被子植物…………………(61)
古无脊椎动物学
原生动物…………………(74)
古杯、多孔及腔肠动物…(79)
2010 年 9 月
苔藓动物…………………(80)
腕足动物…………………(82)
软体动物…………………(83)
节肢动物…………………(85)
棘皮动物…………………(94)
笔石动物…………………(94)
分类位置不明……………(96)
古脊椎动物学
综论………………………(96)
鱼类………………………(97)
两栖类……………………(101)
爬行类……………………(103)
鸟类………………………(125)
哺乳类……………………(126)
古人类学
古人类学…………………(144)
历史地质学、地层学
古地理学、古气候学……(145)
前古生界…………………(146)
古生界……………………(151)
中生界……………………(153)
新生界……………………(161)
古生物学文摘（网络版）
第 6 卷第 3 期
古 生 物 学
综 论
2010030001
4 亿年前陆生植物中的内共生蓝细菌：内
共 生 起 源 学 说 的 一 幕 ？ = Endophytic
cyanobacteria in a 400-million-yr-old land
plant: A scenario for the origin of a symbiosis?. (英文). Krings M; Hass H; Kerp H; Taylor T N; Agerer R; Dotzler N. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2009, 153(1-2):
62-69 3 图版.
Direct evidence for the origin and evolution
of land plant/cyanobacterial symbioses is virtually absent from the fossil record. Here we
report on rare occurrences of prostrate mycorrhizal axes of the Early Devonian land
plant Aglaophyton major that host a filamentous cyanobacterium, which enters the plant
through the stomata and colonizes the substomatal chambers and intercellular spaces in
the outer cortex. In dead ends of the intercellular system, the filaments form loops and continue growth in reverse direction. Some filaments penetrate parenchyma cells close to and
within the mycorrhizal arbuscule-zone and
form intracellular coils. This discovery represents the earliest direct evidence for cyanobacteria growing inside land plants, and offers a
model for the types of associations that may
have preceded the evolution of mutualistic
land plant/cyanobacterial symbioses.
2010030002
通过大型植物化石和粪便中的花粉来研究
对 柳 树 松 鸡 （ Lagopus lagopus subsp
lagopus L.）有吸引力的食物：一种方法论
的探讨 = Attractive Spring-food for willow
grouse (Lagopus lagopus subsp lagopus L.)
studied using plant macrofossils and pollen in
faeces: a methodological discussion. (英文).
Moe D; Bjune A E. Grana, 2009, 48(4): 310315
While macrofossil remains of herbs and
flowers have disintegrated beyond identification, pollen survives the digestive process and
can be identified, sometimes to species level,
and is hence an important tool in determining
and reconstructing animal diets.
This study compares macroscopic plant parts
and pollen remains in faeces from grouse.
2010 年 9 月
While macroscopic remains reflect the quantity of bark, twigs, berries and leaves in the
birds' food, the pollen also reflects other food,
such as catkins, flower buds with developed
pollen, flowers and pollen attached to leaves.
Both techniques reflect that Betula and Salix
are the most important food for grouse in early
Spring. Pollen analysis shows that later in
Spring, after snow-melt, the birds are attracted
to different plants, firstly, it is taxa within the
Ericales and their fruits from the previous year.
The nutrient value of food in periods with
more or less snow cover is based on the environmental conditions of the previous year.
Later on, different herbs, including insectpollinated plants rich in nectar/sugar, are recorded in the pollen but are not reflected in the
macro study, and are therefore lost in most
calculations and not discussed. Nutrient content calculations based on Spring and Summer
flowers need to be compared with the environmental and climate conditions of the current year.
2010030003
柴达木盆地三湖坳陷肥胖真星介(Eucypris
inflata)向东南扩展 200 km 的控制因素 =
The invasion southeastward of eucypris in
flata by 200 km in the san hu depression of the
Qaidam Basin, NW China and its control factors. (中文). 孙镇城;孙乃达;乔子真;曹丽;路
艳丽;张海泉;景民昌. 微体古生物学报, 2008,
25(2): 113-124 1 图版.
距今 200 万年以前,柴达木盆地三湖坳陷
为富含介形类、腹足类等水生生物群的淡
水—半咸水湖泊。距今约 200 万年以来,柴
达木盆地马海—大红沟凸起的隆升,阻挡了
祁连山水系进入三湖坳陷的北斜坡地区。
由于该区湖水急剧咸化,多盐—高盐水介形
类肥胖真星介( Eucy p ris inf lata) 从柴达木
盆地西部向东南舌进 200km ,替代了该地区
原先丰富的淡水—微咸水介形类动物群。
然而,肥胖真星介未能进入达布逊湖以东和
三湖以南的富含淡水—半咸水介形类高分
异度种群区。距今约 150 万年以来,湖水进
一步咸化,介形类动物群无法在高度咸化的
水体中生存,肥胖真星介在北斜坡地区绝
迹。此时的沉积物中频繁出现石膏晶片和
石膏层。论文展示了构造活动控制生物群
1
分布的实例。柴达木盆地生物成因天然气
起源于富含淡—半咸水介形类动物群的湖
相泥岩———烃源岩。地质勘探家的首要
任务是圈定生物成因气源岩区。淡水—半
咸水介形类动物群分布范围的圈定对生物
成因天然气勘探具有重要作用。
遗 迹 化 石
2010030004
意大利早更新世 upogebiid 类甲壳动物一
种新的 Y-形遗迹 = A new Y-shaped trace
fossil attributed to upogebiid crustaceans from
Early Pleistocene of Italy. (英文). Pervesler P;
Uchman A. Acta palaeontologica Polonica, 2009, 54(1):
Y-shaped trace fossil (U-shaped upper jpart
with a basal shaft), Parmaichnus stronensis
igen. nov. et is. nov. penetrates from a discontinuity surface cut in Early Quaternary mudstones in the Stirone Valley, Northern Italy.
Parmaichnus differs from Psilonichnus by the
presence of turning chambers in the upper part
of the burrow. The turning chambers are considered to be an important taxonomic feature
of upogebiid burrows. P. stironensis occurs
together with Thalassinoides cf. paradoxicus
and wide U-shaped pyritised cylinders
(supp9osedly produced by balanoglossid
hemichordates).
2010030005
葡萄牙中侏罗世新的蜥脚类行迹 = New
sauropod trackways from the Middle Jurassic
of Portugal. (英文). Santos V J; Moratalla J J;
Royo-Torres R. Acta palaeontologica Polonica, 2009, 54(3): 409-422
The Galinha tracksite reveals a sequence of
Bajocian-Bathonian limestones belonging to
the Serra de Aire Formation and is one of the
few sites in the world where Middle Jurassic
sauropod dinosaur tracks can be found. Two
trackways contain unique pes and manus
prints with morphologies that allow a new
sauropod ichnotaxon to be described:
Polyonyx gomesi igen. et isp. nov. The
Polyonyx igen. nov. trackway was made by
non-neosauropod eusauropod, and suggests
that wide gauge sauropod trackways were not
exclusively made by Titanosauriformes.
古 生 态 学
2010030006
苏霍纳河晚二叠世植物上的（昆虫）牧食
迹 = Feeding damage on upper Permian plants
from the Sukhona River. (英文). Vasilenko D
V. Paleontological Journal, 2007, 41(2): 207211 2 图版.
Several types of feeding traces (galls, window and margin feeding) on the leaves of
Pursongia (Peltaspermales) are described
from the Severodvinian of the Sukhona River,
northern European Russia. These types are
named according to the formal classification
developed for the traces of the interaction between land arthropods (insects) and plants.
2010030007
化石记录中的共栖现象: 上新世单体珊瑚上
的暗蒙脱石多毛类生物侵蚀现象 = Commensalism in the fossil record: Eunicid polychaete bioerosion on Pliocene solitary corals.
(英文). Martinell J; Domenech R. Acta palaeontologica Polonica, 2009, 54(1): 143-154
Here we propose Sulcichnus as a new ichnogenus, withy three new ichnospecies (Sulcichnus maeandriformis, S. helicoidalis, and S.
sigillum) to name this traces. Sulcichnus is
attributed to the activity of polychaetes. Similar structurs are recently produced by Lumbrineris flabellicola, a symbiotic eunicid
which maintains a commensalistic relationship
with solitary corals. In the fossil record. Sulcichnus occurs associated to shallow marine
environments whereas their Recent counterparts are described on deep-marine corals. We
interpret this as a consequene of a change in
the environmental requirements of the
coral/worm pair.
2010030008
阿根廷西北部 Yacoraite 组（上白垩统麦斯
特里希特阶－丹麦阶）的腹足类及其共同
产出的化石遗迹，以及它们的古环境意义
= Gastropods Associated with Fossil Traces
from Yacoraite Formation （ MaastrichtianDanian）, and its Paleoenvironmental Significance, Jujuy, Northwestern Argentina. (英文).
Console Gonelia C A; Griffin M; Acenolaza F
G. Acta Geologica Sinica, 2009, 83(5): 860867
We present results tending to characterize
the new records of invertebrates from the
Yacoraite Formation （ MaastrichtianDanian）. The fossils reported come from two
stratigraphic sections exposed in the surroundings of Maimara and Jueya, province of Jujuy,
northwestern Argentina. The selection was
based on geological and paleontological evidence. The recovered fossils include gastropods and invertebrate fossil traces, including
Planolites, Skolithos and Gastrochanoelites
2
ichnogenus. As result of our review, we discussed the possibility of assigning the analyzed gastropods to the family Zygopleuridae
（gene. et. sp. indet.）, as an approximation
to the taxonomic resolution of this fossil fauna.
The trace fossils were assigned to the archetypical Glossifungites ichnofacies. The study
of the fossil assemblage allowed us to define a
shallow depositional environment, characteristic of a marine context with high-energy conditions.
微体古生物学
综 论
2010030009
阿拉斯加和育空地区下 Tindir 群早新元古
代鳞片状微体化石 = Early Neoproterozoic
scale microfossils in the Lower Tindir Group
of Alaska and the Yukon Territory. (英文).
Macdonald F A; Cohen P A; Dudás F; Schrag
D P. Geology, 2010, 38(2): 143-146
The Tindir Group is a <4-km-thick Neoproterozoic succession exposed in the Tatonduk
inlier of east-central Alaska and the western
Yukon Territory. The Tindir Group is informally divided into the Lower Tindir Group,
which consists of <2 km of mixed carbonate
and clastic rocks, and the overlying Upper
Tindir Group, which contains two Cryogenian
glacial deposits and an additional Ediacaran
succession of mixed carbonate and clastic
strata. Unique mineralized scale microfossils
have been recovered from sections previously
correlated with the Upper Tindir Group, and
interpreted variously as Cryogenian to early
Cambrian in age. Our remapping of the area
indicates that these sections are stratigraphically below an early Cryogenian glacial
diamictite, unit 2 of the Upper Tindir Group,
and are actually part of the Lower Tindir
Group. Carbon and strontium isotope correlations further suggest that the fossiliferous
Lower Tindir Group is correlative with early
Neoproterozoic strata of the northwestern Canadian Cordillera. This new age model is consistent with the accompanying microfossil assemblage and indicates that the diverse microfossils in the Lower Tindir Group can be
added to the early Neoproterozoic record of
eukaryotic evolution.
2010030010
埃迪卡拉生物群和雪球环境下的生存者 =
The Ediacaran microbiota and the survival of
Snowball Earth conditions. ( 英 文 ). Moc-
zydłowska M. Precambrian Research, 2009,
167(1-2): 1-15
Recently recovered assemblage of late
Ediacaran cyanobacteria, phytoplankton and
some microfossils of uncertain origin from the
subsurface Włodawa Formation on the Lublin
Slope in Poland, allowed to extend their
stratigraphic ranges and provided a new evidence that more species survived the Cryogenian Period. Numerous other species of unicellular eukaryotes (informally called acritarchs) and prokaryotes (also coenobial and
colonial) have been documented in recent
years to lived-over to the Ediacaran, enlarging
the global list of biota surviving the Neoproterozoic icehouse intervals. This compelling
record revives the issue how marine biota
could coup with the catastrophic consequences
imposed by the global glaciations and/or to
what extent the environmental and climatic
change reduced the life habitats. For this purpose, the metabolic processes, modes of life
and ecologic habitats of the biota are inferred
and analyzed.
The reviewed biota are autotrophic and
aerobic: benthic cyanobacteria, which were
solitary and largely colonial, living in functionally complex communities of mat-builders,
and planktic and/or facultative benthic eukaryotes, which reproduced also sexually and
some had advanced life cycle with alternating
vegetative and reproductive generations. The
environmental requirements of these microorganisms are well-oxygenated open marine waters in the photic zone, and permanent seafloor
substrate for benthic and periodic access to
bottom sediment for some planktic species
with sexual reproduction to rest the cyst. Such
natural habitats must have been preserved
throughout the Cryogenian Period, and in a
substantial extent (environmental “critical
mass”) to sustain viable populations in the
lineages that are represented by surviving species.
Modern analogues of extraordinary adaptations of diverse biota to extreme conditions
have their limitations when applied to the
Cryogenian Period. Modern extreme environments (like those in Antarctica) with highly
specialized organisms are maintained over
relatively short time intervals (thousands of
years) and may occasionally/periodically be in
contact with the outside world to replenish
their genetic stock. This is in a sharp contrast
to the millions of years of environmental and
genetic isolation invoked for the Cryogenian.
The global fossil record, enlarged by recent
3
new findings, is briefly reviewed to understand the impact of the Cryogenian glaciations
on biodiversity and the rate of survival of microbiota.
The Snowball Earth Hypothesis and its
modified versions are discussed in pursuit of
an environmentally plausible Earth System
model consistent with the survival of biota.
The radical version of the Snowball Earth Hypothesis is ruled out. An Earth System model
with open marine water, ice-free shelf (at least
seasonally) and access to the sea floor is
obligatory for the Cryogenian in order to satisfy the living requirements of the biota that
survived the period. The palaeobiological
findings are entirely consistent with sedimentological findings that require open marine
water and well-functioning hydrologic cycle.
The Slushball Earth model accommodates
more adequately these requirements.
2010030011
下寒武统阿纳巴管类化石：亲缘关系、分
布及系统分类 = The lower cambrian fossil
anabaritids: affinities, occurrences and systematics. (英文). Kouchinsky A; Bengtson S;
Feng W M; Kutygin R; Val'kov A. Journal of
Systematic Palaeontology, 2009, 7(3): 241298
Anabaritics, or angustiochreids, are extinct
organisms with mineralised tubular and
mostly triradially symmetrical exoskeletons
known from Lower Cambrian beds worldwide.
They are particularly abundant and diverse on
the Siberian Platform, from where their first
representatives have been formally described.
About 70% of the published species names
and all valid genera are known from Siberia,
which makes this region particularly important
for revision of the group. A few species of
anabaritids are also reported from such crustal
units as Western Mongolia, Kazakhstan, South
and North China, Eastern and Western Gondwana, Avalonia, Laurentia and Baltica. This
study is mainly based on the extensive collections available from the Siberian Platform,
including material illustrated in publications,
and it provides a systematic review of the diversity of the group. The evaluation of taxonomically important features by different authors is assessed in order to find a balance between taxonomic oversplitting of anabaritids,
which has resulted in 72 species being named
to date, and unsubstantiated lumping. Of the
19 published genera we place 14 in synonymy,
on the basis of our analysis of the type material. The genera Anbarites, Combrotubulus,
Selindeochreo, Aculeochrea and Mariochrea
may be retained. We are inclined to regard
anabaritids as diploblastic-grade metazoans
similar to, or located within, the Cnidaria.
There is, however, no firm evidence for that
and they are, therefore, collectively referred to
herein as a group incertae sedis
孢 粉
2010030012
竹子花粉化石及真菌 Tetraploa cf. aristata
无性孢子在约瑟芬（波兰）上中新统沉积
物中的出现 = Occurrence of fossil bamboo
pollen and a fungal conidium of Tetraploa cf.
aristata in Upper Miocene deposits of Józefina
(Poland). (英文). Worobiec E; Worobiec G;
Gedl P. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2009, 157(3-4): 211-217 2 图版.
The paper presents results of pollen analysis
of the Upper Miocene deposits from a borehole at Józefina (Kraków-Silesia Upland, central Poland), including data concerning bamboo type pollen grains, as well other sporomorphs (pollen, spores and freshwater phytoplankton). Fossil pollen grains of bamboos
(Graminidites bambusoides Stuchlik) were
found in two samples, and in one sample they
were accompanied by conidium of Tetraploalike fossil fungus, resembling the recent
Tetraploa aristata Berkeley & Broome. This
fungus could grow on leaves of the bamboos
or other grasses, but also on variety of other
plants. Comparison of palynological data,
studies of leaf floras and the nearest living
relatives, confirmed the connection of the fossil bamboos with wetland, reed and riparian
vegetation. Results of these analyses indicate a
moderately wet and warm temperate palaeoclimate.
2010030013
冈瓦纳西北部（巴塔哥尼亚地区）阿尔必
阶的类非洲蕨属孢子（沙草蕨科）的生物
地理学意义 = Biogeographic implications of
Albian Mohria-like spores (Family Anemiaceae) in SW Gondwana (Patagonia). (英
文). Archangelsky S. Review of Palaeobotany
and Palynology, 2009, 157(3-4): 301-308
The schizaeaceous extant genus Mohria has
a distribution restricted to South Africa and
Madagascar area. Its cicatricose spores are
characterised by their large size and muri with
hollow longitudinal channels unknown in
other schizaeaceous genera. Fossil spores that
sometimes have been referred to Mohria lack
this typical character and therefore the deter4
minations were discarded. Early Cretaceous
(Albian) sediments from Patagonia, referred to
the Piedra Clavada Formation of the Austral
Basin, contain spores that have the characters
now found in Mohria. These fossils are hereby
assigned to the new genus Palaeomohria that
includes several morphological types. The
paleogeographical proximity of South Africa
and Patagonia in Southwestern Gondwana
persisted from the Permian to the Early Cretaceous, during a time when floras of both regions had significant similarities. In this context, the finding of Mohria-like spores in
Patagonia suggests that the distribution of this
fern was more extended in the past and became restricted while the continents shifted
apart during the Cretaceous/Tertiary. The two
living Mohria species may then represent relict taxa of a much more varied and rich group
that flourished during the Early Cretaceous in
SW Gondwana.
2010030014
Eiberg 盆地（奥地利石灰质阿尔卑斯山北
部）典型剖面三叠-侏罗纪过渡期的详细孢
粉学研究 = A detailed palynological study of
the Triassic–Jurassic transition in key sections
of the Eiberg Basin (Northern Calcareous
Alps, Austria). (英文). Bonis N R; Kürschner
W M; Krystyn L. Review of Palaeobotany and
Palynology, 2009, 156(3-4): 376-400 4 图版.
The Triassic–Jurassic transition is characterized by a major extinction in the marine
realm but evidence for floral turnover is ambiguous. Here we present the results of a detailed palynological and carbon isotope
(δ13Corg) study across the Triassic–Jurassic
boundary from the Hochalplgraben section,
with first data from the Kuhjoch section. Both
sections are located in the Eiberg Basin
(Northern Calcareous Alps, Austria) and they
contain well-preserved palynomorphs and
ammonites which allow an integration of terrestrial microfloral events in a marine biostratigraphic framework. Five palynomorph
assemblages are recognized in the Hochalplgraben section. The initial δ13Corg shift occurs
at the base of the Tiefengraben Member, the
lower part of the Kendlbach Formation, and
coincides with an acme of prasinophytes,
mainly Cymatiosphaera polypartita. Typical
Late Triassic pollen taxa (e.g. Lunatisporites
rhaeticus, Rhaetipollis germanicus and
Ovalipollis pseudoalatus) disappear at the top
of the Schattwald beds (Tiefengraben Member). The first occurrence of the ammonite
Psiloceras spelae n. ssp., which is proposed as
a marker for the base of the Jurassic System,
occurs in the Trachysporites–Heliosporites
palynomorph assemblage zone. The base of
this zone is marked by the first occurrence of
Cerebropollenites thiergartii. Our results
show that palynological and δ13Corg records
from different sections within the Eiberg Basin correlate well and that the established palynostratigraphic scheme allows for very detailed local and regional correlations (e.g. with
Danish, German and English basins).
2010030015
化石与现生孢粉外壁结构的研究：相关研
究 综 述 及 Bernard Lugardon 的 贡 献 =
Studies of spore/pollen wall ultrastructure in
fossil and living plants: A review of the subject area and the contribution of Bernard
Lugardon. (英文). Wellman C H; Stamm L G;
Guignard G. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2009, 156(1-2): 2-6
Studies of land plant spores/pollen include a
large subject area of both living and fossil material. They impact on many areas of science,
ranging from classical neobotany and palaeobotany, analysis of present and past environments and climate change, geological correlation of rocks, agronomy, medicine (allergy
studies) and so forth. Advances in the scientific understanding of spores/pollen have to a
large extent been driven by technical advances
in microscopy (essentially the medium
through which one observes these microscopic
reproductive particles). One of the major technological advances that has impacted
spore/pollen research was the development in
the 1950s of commercially available transmission electron microscopy (TEM). This instrumentation enabled for the first time high powered magnification of sections of spores/pollen.
This paved the way for the description of cellular features in extant spores/pollen, which
made it possible to engage in studies of ontogeny (including exospore/exine development).
The latter proved especially useful for taxonomic and phylogenetic analysis, especially as
it can often be extended back into the rich
spore/pollen fossil record. This paper provides
a brief review of the historical development of
spore/pollen research, and places in context
the influence of Bernard Lugardon (1930–
2007), one of the pioneers of TEM analysis of
spores/pollen. Sadly Bernard passed away on
the 26th January 2007. The papers collected in
this special volume are dedicated to the memory of Bernard Lugardon.
5
2010030016
美国俄亥俄州晚泥盆世一种 Polysporia 型
的水韭石松类植物的孢子的出现 = Occurrence of spores from an isoetalean lycopsid of
the Polysporia-type in the Late Devonian of
Ohio, USA. (英文). Bek J; Chitaley S; Grauvogel-Stamm L. Review of Palaeobotany and
Palynology, 2009, 156(1-2): 34-50 7 图版.
Thousands of dispersed megaspores of the
Valvisisporites auritus-type, some isolated
megasporangia still containing them and dispersed microspores of the Endosporites globiformis-type have been found occurring in
close association in the Late Devonian
(Famennian) of Ohio, USA. Until now, these
spores have only been found in the Carboniferous, where they have been shown to have
been produced by isoetalean lycopsids assigned to the plant genus Chaloneria and the
morphogenus Polysporia. The discovery of
dispersed megaspores of the V. auritus-type
and microspores of the E. globiformis-type in
the Famennian of the USA may indicate that
such sub-arborescent lycopsids already existed
in the Late Devonian, which thus extends the
range of distribution of these taxa, at least in
North America. The present work describes,
using LM, SEM and TEM, megaspores of V.
auritus-type, megasporangia containing these
megaspores, and microspores of E. globiformis-type. The comparison with their Carboniferous representatives shows that they are
quite similar. This comparative study permits
clarification of some ultrastructural features of
the megaspores of the Valvisisporites-type,
such as the partly lamellate–partly amorphous
innermost exospore, demonstrating that this is
a characteristic and important ultrastructural
feature of this genus.
2010030017
美国俄亥俄州石炭纪（早密西西比期：中
杜 内 期 ） 的 大 孢 子 新 联 合 种 Lagenicula
mixta (Winslow 1962)（三缝孢类）的形态
描述与外壁构造 = Morphology and wall ultrastructure of the megaspore Lagenicula
(Triletes) mixta (Winslow 1962) comb. nov.
from the Carboniferous (Early Mississippian:
mid Tournaisian) of Ohio, USA. ( 英 文 ).
Wellman C H; Arioli C; Spinner E G; Vecoli
M. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2009, 156(1-2): 51-61 5 图版.
Megaspores assigned to Lagenicula
(Triletes) mixta (Winslow, M., 1962. Plant
Spores and Other Microfossils from Upper
Devonian and Lower Mississippian Rocks of
Ohio. Geol. Surv., Prof. Paper 364, 1–93.)
comb. nov., from the Carboniferous (Early
Mississippian: mid Tournaisian) of northeastern Ohio, USA, have been analysed using
light microscopy (LM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron
microscopy (TEM). These studies provide
new information on morphology, gross structure and wall ultrastructure. This taxon has a
confused taxonomic history, and the new
morphological information allows recognition
as a distinct species that can be placed with
the genus Lagenicula as a new combination.
Morphological/ultrastructural studies confirm
the lycopsid affinities of this megaspore and it
is suggested that it probably derived from an
arborescent lycopsid that belonged with the
Lepidocarpaceae. Thus it is an early example
of a megaspore derived from an arborescent
lycopsid of the type that went on to dominate
the Euramerican Coal Measure forests. The
Ohio Tournaisian megaspore assemblage is
surprisingly diverse revealing an interesting
insight into vegetation ecology at this poorly
understood time in plant history.
2010030018
石炭纪蕨类 Lobatopteris miltoni 正模标本
的合生孢子囊及孢子的描述及其分类意义
= Description of synangia and spores of the
holotype of the Carboniferous fern Lobatopteris miltoni, with taxonomic comments. (英
文). Pšenička J; Bek J; Cleal C J; Wittry J;
Zodrow E L. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2009, 155(3-4): 133-144 4 图版.
Pinnules of the holotype of Filicites miltoni
Artis (Duckmantian–early Moscovian, Middle
Pennsylvanian age) have two rows of synangia, one on each side of the midvein. Each
synangium is borne on a short receptacle and
consists of three or four claviform sporangia
that are separated from each other along most
of their length. The sporangia contain trilete
spores with a microverrucate to microgranulate exine. F. miltoni appears to be congeneric
with the syntypes of Pecopteris vestita
Lesquereux, which is the type species of the
morphogenus Lobatopteris Wagner.
2010030019
捷克共和国波西米亚山区比尔森盆地宾夕
法尼亚阶（Bolsovian）一种繁殖器官新属
新种 Echinosporangites libertite 及其孢子
= A new reproductive organ Echinosporangites libertite gen. and sp. nov. and its spores
from the Pennsylvanian (Bolsovian) of the
6
Pilsen Basin, Bohemian Massif, Czech Republic. (英文). Pšenička J; Bek J. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2009, 155(3-4):
145-158 5 图版.
A new reproductive organ is described from
macerations made from tuff deposits within
the Pennsylvanian (Bolsovian) age Radnice
Member of the Kladno Formation at the Doubrava locality in the Pilsen Basin of the Czech
Republic, and named Echinosporangites libertite gen. and sp. nov. Remains comprise dispersed sori with each sorus consisting of 4–5
annulate sporangia. Sporangia possess four
different types of cells and three specialised
trichomes. In situ spores are characterized by
a prominent labrum, irregular loaf-like sculpture of the distal surface, and may resemble
some specimens of the dispersed spore genus
Schopfites. As the reproductive organs of E.
libertite occur in a dispersed state, its parent
plant remains unknown. The specialised
trichomes in E. libertite appear to have contributed to sporangial dehiscence, and the
opening mechanism may have been facilitated
by faunal-interaction.
2010030020
死海 Ein Feshka 剖面全新世高分辨率花粉
研究--地震活动对当地植被的影响评估 =
Assessment of the effect of earthquake activity on regional vegetation — High-resolution
pollen study of the Ein Feshka section, Holocene Dead Sea. (英文). Neumann F H; Kagan
E J; Stein M; Agnon A. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2009, 155(1-2):
42-51
Possible effects of seismic activity in the
Dead Sea basin on the regional vegetation distribution are presented in this paper. The palynology was investigated in high resolution at
the Holocene outcrop near the Ein Feshkha
oasis. Pollen samples were collected from
three intervals (A, B, D), with thicknesses of
5–15 cm, containing 1–2 seismites each, and
from one undisturbed layer (interval C). All
four intervals are from the same Ein Feshkha
outcrop section, but from different depths. In
two of the intervals (B, C) the main pollen
indicators (e.g. Olea, Pinus, Asteroideae,
Cichorioideae) show no significant aberrations
from the typical pollen fluctuations. Interval A,
deposited during the late Byzantine period,
shows a decline of Olea percentages immediately after the sedimentation of a breccia layer
(interpreted as a seismite). While this decrease
in olive percentages predominantly reflects an
aridification crisis at the end of the Byzantine
period, damage to olive orchards due to earthquake (root damages, collapses of the crowns)
and/or the abandonment of cultivated land as a
consequence of an earthquake cannot be ruled
out. Nevertheless, minor anthropogenic indicators like Vitis or Juglans, which show low
abundances in the pollen diagram of Ein
Feshkha, as well as other trees and herbs, are
not affected by the late Byzantine earthquake.
Interval D, deposited during the Hellenistic–
Roman period, shows a slight decrease of
Olea and an increase of Cichorioideae after
the deposition of a seismite. Our hypothesis
that earthquakes might have affected vegetation dynamics in intervals A and D is supported by cluster analysis.
While the data of this study do not support
the use of pollen as a reliable paleoseismic
tool in the lacustrine environment of the Dead
Sea, some small effects of earthquakes on pollen fluctuations cannot be excluded.
2010030021
巴塔哥尼亚高原中新世菊科的化石花粉：
Barnadesioideae 的 近 亲 = Fossil pollen
grains of Asteraceae from the Miocene of
Patagonia: Barnadesioideae affinity. (英 文 ).
Palazzesi L; Barreda V; Tellería M C. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2009,
155(1-2): 83-88 2 图版.
New fossil pollen grains were recovered
from marine Miocene deposits from eastern
Patagonia (southern South America). Sculpture and structure exine features indicate a
close relationship with modern Barnadesioideae, a basal lineage within Asteraceae.
Barnadesioideae is confined to South America
and is represented mainly by shrubs, herbs and
some trees occurring in different habitats under a wide range of climatic conditions. It has
recently attracted a great deal of attention as it
was considered the sister-group to the remaining members of the family based on molecular
data. Barnadesioideae has not previously been
described in the fossil record. One new genus
and three species are erected in Quillembaypollis gamerroi, Q. tayuoides and Q. stuessyi
to assemble distinct pollen types clearly similar to those produced today by extant Chuquiraga, Dasyphyllum and Schlechtendalia, respectively. These are the first fossil records of
these genera, taking them back 23–20 Ma
(Dasyphyllum and Chuquiraga types) and 11–
9 Ma (Schlechtendalia type). The new morphotaxon is clearly distinguishable by being
microechinate, and by having a thick sexine
formed by one (Q. tayuoides), two (Q. gamer7
roi) or three (Q. stuessyi) layers, as the most
prominent features. Their closest living relatives today grow far from the studied site
(eastern Patagonia), with the exception of
Chuquiraga type which is the sole surviving
group in the region. Pollen and spore assemblages of Early Miocene age (23–20 Ma) from
southern South America indicate that the climate was sub-humid and temperate to warm–
temperate. This climatic trend may have allowed Dasyphyllum species to radiate in eastern Patagonian forests, while Chuquiraga
probably occupied more open areas along the
coast. Late Miocene (11–9 Ma) palynological
assemblages suggest warm but seasonally dry
conditions, in which Schlechtendalia developed probably in the hinterland vegetation
joined with low trees, and halophytic/xerophytic shrubs and herbs.
tion cover in the lower part of the watershed.
The silt and the fine components in the sediments are high and stable indicating optimal
moisture conditions. Between 4.7–1.5 cal ka
BP the lake-level fell and silty peat was
formed at the site. The pollen concentration
decreased in contrast to the high pollen concentration in the Holocene Optimum. In the
last 1500 years the lake-level fell while terrestrial sediments were deposited at the site. In
this phase Chenopodiaceae, Nitraria and
Ephedra reach their highest values in the section reflecting an arid environment. In Zhuye
Lake and the surrounding area environmental
changes are mainly controlled the combined
effects of the East Asian monsoon and the
Westerlies since the Late Glacial. In the last
~ 1.5 cal ka BP the intensive arid trend may be
correlated with changes in the Westerlies.
2010030022
中国西北末次冰期以来的湖泊沉积中孢粉
带与孢粉大小关系所蕴含的环境变化意义
= Environmental change implied by the relationship between pollen assemblages and
grain-size in N.W. Chinese lake sediments
since the Late Glacial. (英文). Li Y; Wang N
A; Morrill C; Cheng H Y; Long H; Zhao Q.
Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2009, 154(1-4): 54-64
This paper contributes to an understanding
of the relationship between pollen assemblages and grain-size in north-west China.
Based on the relationship, we have reconstructed the environmental and vegetation history from sediments from Zhuye Lake, located
in the marginal area of the Asian monsoon.
During the Late Glacial (before ~ 13 cal ka
BP), the high content of sand is correlated
with low pollen concentrations, which implies
an arid environment and low vegetation cover
in the drainage. The relatively high percentages of Pinus and Quercus pollen, derived
from nearby high elevations, may indicate particularly low vegetation cover in the lower
part of the watershed. Between 13 and 7.7 cal
ka BP, increasing silt content is correlated
with high percentages of Picea pollen. Fluvial
flow and effective humidity at high elevations,
as well as lake-level, all increase. Following
this, an abrupt environmental change which is
likely caused by some change in lake geomorphology persists for about 300 years. The
Holocene Optimum is between 7.4 and 4.7 cal
ka BP in this region. Pollen concentrations
reach their highest values in the section. The
abundant herb pollen reflects the high vegeta-
2010030023
基于花粉及其他孢型的澳大利亚西维多利
亚省 Bolac 和 Turangmoroke 半月形湖晚
第四纪环境记录 = A record of late Quaternary environments at lunette-lakes Bolac and
Turangmoroke, Western Victoria, Australia,
based on pollen and a range of non-pollen palynomorphs. (英文). Cook E J. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2009, 153(3-4):
185-224 2 图版.
A palaeoecological record from Lakes Bolac and Turangmoroke details the changing
nature of vegetation patterns, lake levels and
climate in the drier part of the Victorian Western Plains over approximately the last
90,000 years. In addition to the routine palynological proxies of pollen, spores and charcoal, a range of non-pollen palynomorphs
(remains of algae, fungi, insects and other invertebrates) was analysed and described and
provides useful additional information on the
ecology of past vegetation communities. A
chronology for the record is provided by radiocarbon and refined optical luminescence
dating in the upper part of the sequence, and
the latter technique is used to provide a timeframe for the period beyond the radiocarbon
limit.
The record shows that during marine isotope stage (MIS) 5.1 and mid MIS 3 the regional vegetation was composed of open
woodland dominated by Allocasuarina luehmannii type with low numbers of Banksia,
Eucalyptus and other Myrtaceae under which
a diverse understorey developed. During these
times Lake Turangmoroke held fresh water of
varying depths. The degree of representation
8
of MIS 4 and MIS 3 in the record is uncertain
owing to discontinuities resulting from the
lake having periodically dried. A change to
open grassland-steppe occurred shortly after
47,000 years ago and lake levels fluctuated
considerably before the lake became shallow
and saline. Open grassland-steppe continued
through MIS 2 with almost no trees present
while the aquatic flora reflected further lake
level declines and increasing salinity. Driest
conditions, indicated by deflation of lake
sediments during lunette building, occurred
between 18,000 and 11,000 cal yr BP. Open
woodland in the early Holocene was dominated by A. verticillata type until partial replacement by Eucalyptus around 7000–
8000 14C yr BP when the vegetation cover
present at European arrival was established.
2010030024
美国威斯康辛州独立岩组寒武纪孢型的超
微结构、形态及拓扑学研究 = Ultrastructure,
morphology, and topology of Cambrian palynomorphs from the Lone Rock Formation,
Wisconsin, USA. (英文). Taylor W A; Strother P K. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2009, 153(3-4): 296-309 8 图版.
A combination of white light with scanning
and transmission electron microscopic analysis has enabled the detailed characterization of
the morphology and topology of problematic
spore-like palynomorphs recovered from Upper Cambrian near-shore deposits in Wisconsin, U.S.A. Members of the new taxon, Agamachates casearius gen. et sp. nov., are
smooth, thick-walled, synoecosporal (within a
common wall) packets containing up to four
spore dyads. The synoecosporal packets themselves may be aggregated into clusters of two
or more packets. The discovery that the smallest purported meiotic units are dyads is supportive of prior hypotheses that attempted to
explain the abundance of dyads in the lower
Paleozoic fossil record. Their abundance has
been especially perplexing given the absence
of any modern plants that produce dyads via
normal sporogenesis. Dyads appear to precede
tetrads as the fundamental resistant-walled
propagule in the spore record, indicating a
transitional stage in the evolution of sporogenesis in plants prior to the canalization of
meiosis into a single coördinated process. The
variation in spore number per synoecosporal
packet could be due to endoduplication of zygote DNA prior to cytokinesis during sporogenesis–paralleling a process that occurs in
Coleochaete today.
2010030025
中国宜昌地区大坪阶典型剖面中的早中奥
陶世几丁虫 = Early and Middle Ordovician
chitinozoans from the Dapingian type sections,
Yichang area, China. (英文). Chen X H; Paris
F; Wang X F; Zhang M. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2009, 153(3-4):
310-330 11 图版.
A detailed study of chitinozoans based on a
systematic bed-by-bed sampling of the Dawan
Formation was carried out in the Yichang area
(West Hubei, China) on two representative
sections located at Chenjiahe and at
Huanghuachang, where the GSSP of the base
of the Dapingian (i.e. the base of the Middle
Ordovician) has been defined. Four chitinozoan zones, in ascending order the Conochitina raymondii biozone, the Conochitina
langei biozone including the Lagenochitina
lata and the Conochitina pseudocarinata subbiozones, the Lagenochitina combazi biozone,
and the Sagenachitina dapingensis biozone,
are recognized in the Dawan Formation,
which ranges in age from the Floian to the
early Darriwilian. In both sections the chitinozoan biozones benefit from a direct calibration
with conodont and graptolite biozones. The
base of the Lagenochitina combazi biozone is
very close, or coincides with, the base of the
Dapingian, as defined by the FAD of the
conodont B. triangularis. For global correlation purposes three important Ordovician
chitinozoan genera, i.e. Belonechitina, Sagenachitina and Cyathochitina have their FAD in
the Dapingian.
A total of 8 genera and 29 species, including 3 new species (Sagenachitina dapingensis
sp. nov., Tanuchitina huanghuaensis sp. nov.
and Lagenochitina yilingensis sp. nov.), are
described and figured in this paper.
2010030026
通过现代花粉调查反映的新热带雨林，干
旱森林和稀树草原生态系统的不同及其对
化石记录的意义 = Differentiation between
Neotropical rainforest, dry forest, and savannah ecosystems by their modern pollen spectra
and implications for the fossil pollen record.
(英文). Gosling W D; Mayle F E; Tate N J;
Killeen T J. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2009, 153(1-2): 70-85 4 图版.
Accurate differentiation between tropical
forest and savannah ecosystems in the fossil
pollen record is hampered by the combination
of: i) poor taxonomic resolution in pollen
9
identification, and ii) the high species diversity of many lowland tropical families, i.e.
with many different growth forms living in
numerous environmental settings. These barriers to interpreting the fossil record hinder our
understanding of the past distributions of different Neotropical ecosystems and consequently cloud our knowledge of past climatic,
biodiversity and carbon storage patterns.
Modern pollen studies facilitate an improved
understanding of how ecosystems are represented by the pollen their plants produce and
therefore aid interpretation of fossil pollen
records. To understand how to differentiate
ecosystems palynologically, it is essential that
a consistent sampling method is used across
ecosystems. However, to date, modern pollen
studies from tropical South America have employed a variety of methodologies (e.g. pollen
traps, moss polsters, soil samples). In this paper, we present the first modern pollen study
from the Neotropics to examine the modern
pollen rain from moist evergreen tropical forest (METF), semi-deciduous dry tropical forest (SDTF) and wooded savannah (cerradão)
using a consistent sampling methodology (pollen traps). Pollen rain was sampled annually in
September for the years 1999–2001 from
within permanent vegetation study plots in, or
near, the Noel Kempff Mercado National Park
(NKMNP), Bolivia. Comparison of the modern pollen rain within these plots with detailed
floristic inventories allowed estimates of the
relative pollen productivity and dispersal for
individual taxa to be made (% pollen/% vegetation or ‘p/v’). The applicability of these data
to interpreting fossil records from lake sediments was then explored by comparison with
pollen assemblages obtained from five lake
surface samples.
Pollen productivity is demonstrated to vary
inter-annually and conforms to a consistent
hierarchy for any given year: METF
> SDTF > cerradão. This suggests an association between pollen productivity and basic
structural characteristics of the ecosystem, i.e.
closed canopy vs. open canopy vs. savannah.
Comparison of modern pollen and vegetation
revealed that some important floristic elements were completely absent from the pollen:
Qualea and Erisma (METF), Bauhinia, Simira
and Guazuma (SDTF), and Pouteria and Caryocar (cerradão). Anadenanthera was found
to be abundant in both the pollen and flora of
SDTF (p/v = 3.6), while Poaceae was relatively poorly represented in cerradão (0.2).
Moraceae, Cecropia and Schefflera were
found to be over-represented palynologically
in all ecosystems. Overall, the data demonstrated that no one taxon could be used as a
definitive indicator of any of the ecosystems.
Instead, associations of taxa were found to be
important: METF = Moraceae (> 40%), Cecropia, Hyeronima, Celtis; SDTF = Anadenanthera, Apuleia, Ferdinandusa and nonarboreal Asteraceae, Bromeliaceae, Piper and
fern spores; cerradão = Poaceae, Myrtaceae,
Borreria, Solanum plus Asteraceae and fern
spores. Interpretation of Poaceae pollen was
highlighted as problematic, with relatively low
abundance in the cerradão (< 20%) in comparison to high abundance in lake environments (c. 30–50%). Re-examination of fossil
pollen records from NKMNP revealed that
modern vegetation associations were only established in the last few thousand years.
2010030027
英格兰东南部下石炭统沉积中的一种亲缘
关系不明的特殊大孢子及其生物地层和古
环境意义 = An unusual megaspore of uncertain systematic affinity from Lower Cretaceous deposits in south-east England and its
biostratigraphic and palaeoenvironmental significance. (英文). Batten D J. Grana, 2009,
48(4): 270-280
An unusual megaspore has been recorded
from beds within the Weald Clay Group of
south-east England. Described as Clockhousea
capelensis gen. et sp. nov., it is characterised
by having a thick outer layer of exine consisting of closely packed columnar to clavate
elements with constricted bases attached to a
perforated inner layer and a sculpture that
ranges from having the appearance of a negative reticulum through closely spaced verrucae
to a mixture of verrucate and essentially baculate elements, all of which are surface manifestations and extensions of the underlying
structure. These characters do not readily indicate a systematic relationship with any known
heterosporous plant genus or family. The localised occurrence and relative abundance of
the spores in a few beds suggest that some of
the parent plants grew close to water bodies
where they were deposited and preserved.
Their recovery from sediments of late Hauterivian-early Barremian age indicates that the
species has potential as a biostratigraphic
marker in the upper Wealden succession of
southern England and perhaps elsewhere.
10
2010030028
马里亚纳群岛北部塞班岛美洲纪念公园全
新 世 红 树 林 植 被 的 孢 粉 学 评 估 = Palynological assessment of Holocene mangrove
vegetation at the American Memorial Park,
Saipan, Northern Mariana Islands. ( 英 文 ).
Jarzen D M; Dilcher D L. Grana, 2009, 48(2):
136-146
Pollen and spores recovered from three
cores of Holocene to recent deposits from the
island of Saipan indicate the presence of mangrove vegetation, including Bruguiera and
Acrostichum, on the island previous to World
War II. The occurrence of Casuarina equisetifolia Linneaus 1759, from cores elsewhere on
the island of Saipan, at depths predating the
arrival of humans to the island, suggest that
this tree species is endemic to Saipan rather
than a recent invasive species. These findings
will assist in replanting native vegetation once
destroyed through wartime activities on the
island.
2010030029
In situ reticulate sphenophyllalean spores,
Pennsylvanian (Bolsovian) of the Czech
Republic = 捷 克 共 和 国 宾 夕 法 尼 亚 阶
（Bolsovian）的原位网状楔叶类孢子. (英
文 ). Bek J; Libertín M. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2010, 159(1-2):
56-61 2 图版.
Two specimens of compression strobili
from the Bolsovian of the Kladno–Rakovník
Basin, Czech Republic, were studied for in
situ spores. Sporangia of strobili are disintegrated. Only fragments of sphenophyllalean
axes and sphenophyllalean leaves occur in the
rock together with the sporangia and sporangiophores. The direct evidence about sphenophyllalean affinity of strobili is that sporangia
are connected with axis by a short nonscutelliform sporangiophore that is typical
only for the genus Bowmanites Binney. The
lack of morphological features of strobili does
not enable the erection of a new species and,
therefore, it is possible to classify the specimens only as Bowmanites sp. Reticulate
spores comparable with the dispersed species
Reticulatisporites muricatus Kosanke are reported for the first time as in situ from compression cone specimens and represent new
morphological type of sphenophyllalean
spores.
2010030030
约 克 郡 巴 柔 阶 Williamsoniella Coronata
Thomas（本内苏铁纲）花粉的外壁结构 =
The Pollen Ultrastructure of Williamsoniella
Coronata Thomas (Bennettitales) from the
Bajocian of Yorkshire. (英文). Zavialova N;
van Konijnenburg-van Cittert J; Zavada M.
International Journal of Plant Sciences, 2009,
170(9): 1195-1200
The exine ultrastructure of Williamsoniella
coronata Thomas from the Bajocian of Yorkshire (United Kingdom) was investigated with
light, scanning electron, and transmission
electron microscopy. The pollen averages 16.5
mu m along its short axis and 24.5 mu m
along its long axis and is monosulcate, and the
nonapertural sculpturing is distinctly verrucate.
The pollen wall is homogeneous, and the sulcus membrane is composed of thin exine with
scattered small granules. The pollen grains
differ in exine sculpturing and pollen wall ultrastructure from pollen grains of the bennettitalean taxa Cycadeoidea dacotensis (MacBride)
Ward
and
Leguminanthus
siliquosis
(Leuthardt) Kraeusel. They are similar to dispersed pollen grains of Granamonocolpites
luisae Herbst from the Triassic Chinle Formation of the United States, supporting the bennettitalean affinity of these dispersed pollen
grains. The Bennettitales are palynologically
characterized by monosulcate "boat-shaped"
pollen with a homogeneous or granular pollen
wall ultrastructure.
2010030031
花粉特征在栎属（山毛榉科）的属内分类
及系统学意义 = Significance of Pollen Characteristics for Infrageneric Classification and
Phylogeny in Quercus (Fagaceae). ( 英 文 ).
Denk T; Grimm G W. International Journal
of Plant Sciences, 2009, 170(7): 926-940
Patterns of tectum ornamentation in pollen
of Quercus (oak trees, Fagaceae) are investigated using high-resolution scanning electron
microscopy. Tectumornamentation is highly
consistent at the infrageneric level and can be
used to polarize character states within Quercus by comparison with other genera in Fagaceae. In particular, pollen data strongly suggest the recognition of an infrageneric Ilex
group and, for the first time, allow definition
of the set of taxa that comprise this group. The
infrageneric Ilex group displays a relatively
simple tectum ornamentation exclusively
found in this group of oaks, in Fagus, and in
extinct lineages related to Trigonobalanus,
Colombobalanus, andFormanodendron. Such
11
a simple type of tectumornamentation is also
knownto represent an early developmental
stage in infrageneric groups of Quercus that
have otherwise complex ornamentation
(Quercus and Lobatae). Ornamentation of the
tectum in the infrageneric Cyclobalanopsis
group can be derived from the plesiomorphic
Ilex type showing little accumulation of secondary sporopollenin. In the infrageneric Cerris, Protobalanus, Quercus, and Lobatae
groups, accumulation of secondary sporopollenin masks the basic Ilex pattern. The five
distinct types of tectum ornamentation are in
perfect agreement with published molecular
phylogenies of Quercus. Thus, pollen ornamentation is a most valuable tool to identify
members of the major infrageneric groups in
Quercus and provides the basis for a reevaluation of the fossil record of Quercus.
2010030032
Vøring 高原外深海钻探计划 338 站点的始
新 世 到 渐 新 世 沉 积 物 孢 粉 分 析 = Palynological analyses of Eocene to Oligocene
sediments from DSDP Site 338, Outer Vøring
Plateau. (英文). Eldrett J S; Harding I C. Marine Micropaleontology, 2009, 73(3-4): 226240 0 图版.
Against the background of the profound
global climatic shift from greenhouse to icehouse conditions during the Eocene–
Oligocene transition, major geographic and
oceanographic changes were taking place in
the Norwegian–Greenland Sea region. The
Vøring Plateau was a prominent structural
feature which influenced the evolution of water mass circulation in the Nordic seas, and we
present detailed palaeoenvironmental reconstructions of this structure. New palynological
results suggest that shallow water inner-neritic
environments were developed across parts of
the Vøring Plateau during early Eocene times,
with terrestrial and brackish water palynomorphs indicating that both basement highs to
the north, and the crestal part of the Vøring
Escarpment, may have been emergent. A transition from marginal-marine to open marine
conditions occurred around 44 Ma ago, with
the complete subsidence of the Vøring Plateau
below sea level, facilitating inter-basinal surface water circulation and promoted a significant increase in photic zone fertility. Carbon
sequestration associated with such enhanced
productivity in the late Eocene Nordic seas
may have contributed to declining Cenozoic
atmospheric carbon dioxide levels, thence to
declining global temperatures and the devel-
opment of limited Northern Hemisphere continental ice on Greenland in the latest Eocene.
2010030033
瑞典北部北博滕省 Rissejauratj 地区 Veiki
高原是威赫塞尔间冰段的花粉地层学 =
Weichselian interstadial pollen stratigraphy
from a Veiki plateau at Rissejauratj in Norrbotten, northern Sweden. (英文). Hattestrand
M. GFF, 2007, 129(4): 287-294
The Quaternary history of northern Sweden
as known today is based on studies on glacial
landforms and Quaternary deposits. In these
studies the north-eastern part of the County of
Norrbotten has been of special interest since
landform systems of different age occur in the
region. This article focuses on Veiki moraine,
a type of hummocky moraine of pre-Late
Weichselian age. Veiki moraine has a distinct
distribution pattern, showing the ice margin of
a decaying pre-Late Weichselian ice. A sediment core from within a Veiki moraine plateau at Rissejauratj was studied by means of
pollen analysis. The pollen assemblages at
Rissejauratj are dominated by Betula pollen
and correlate with spectra from the warmest
Weichselian interstadial periods recognised at
other sites in northern Sweden. The Rissejauratj sequence can be correlated to either (1)
the middle part of the first Weichselian interstadial (Tarendo I), (2) the early phase of the
second Weichselian interstadial (Tarendo II),
or (3) the late phase of the second Weichselian
interstadial (Tarendo II). If alternative 3 is
correct the ice sheet that formed the Veiki moraine was small and probably did not reach
outside the eastern limit of Veiki moraine distribution.
2010030034
季曼北部弗拉斯阶一些孢子外孢壁纹饰的
形态多样性：分类学应用和孢子传播意义
= Morphological diversity of the exine sculpture of some Frasnian spores from the northern Timan: Applications for taxonomy and
significance for spore dispersal. (英文). Jurina
A L; Raskatova M G. Paleontological Journal, 2007, 41(11): 1179-1189 5 图版.
Microspores and megaspores from microand megasporangia of a Late Frasnian plant
from the northern Timan are identified as the
genus Cristatisporites and Ancyrospora, respectively. The exine sculpture is studied in in
situ spores, as well as in dispersed miospores
of Cristatisporites, Ancyrospora, and Hystricosporites, found in the rock enclosing the
12
plant. The use of exine appendages as a generic level character is proposed. The shape of
appendage extremities and the presence of
irregular holes in the exine that are considered
to be probable insect feeding damage, allowing us to consider wingless insects as main
dispersal agents of the spores.
2010030035
Acer tataricum L.花粉粒的自然多形性 =
On the natural polymorphism of pollen grains
of Acer tataricum L.. (英文). Dzyuba O F;
Shurekova O V; Tokarev P I. Paleontological
Journal, 2006, 40(Supplement 5): S590S594 1 图版.
To study natural polymorphism, pollen
grains should be collected from ecologically
clean sites. Taking the ecological conditions at
the end of the 19th century and at the beginning of the 20th century as more favorable
than the modern state, herbarium material (LE)
was examined. In addition to typical (normally
developed) pollen grains, we found two more
morphological types within the range of natural polymorphism of pollen grains of Acer
tataricum L. that were produced at the end of
the 19th century and at the beginning of the
20th century.
2010030036
古生态重建时化石蜜的运用：Georgia 地区
考古学材料的孢粉学分析 = The use of fossilized honey for paleoecological reconstruction: A palynological study of archeological
material from Georgia. (英文). Kvavadze E V.
Paleontological
Journal, 2006,
40(Supplement 5): S595-S603 4 图版.
Palynological analysis of the organic contents of ceramic pots from the Kodiani burial
mound, which is dated as 27th-25th centuries
B.C., revealed that they contained honey. The
samples are extremely rich in excellently preserved pollen grains, including numerous pollen grains of insect-pollinated plants. Such
characteristics are typical of palynological
assemblages from honey. The palynological
assemblages from three pot fragments studied
are dominated by pollen grains of Rosaceae;
however, they differ from one another in the
subdominants. The discovery of several kinds
of honey testifies to the presence of welldeveloped beekeeping in the time of the Early
Kurgans. Agriculture, with a significant role
of wheat, was also developed in the region of
Georgia under study. According to the composition of the palynospectra, the ecological
conditions that existed during the epoch studied differ significantly from the present day.
2010030037
西伯利亚北部上白垩统的沟鞭藻囊孢生物
地层学 = Dinocyst biostratigraphy of the Upper Cretaceous of northern Siberia. (英 文 ).
Lebedeva N K. Paleontological Journal, 2006,
40(Supplement 5): S604-S621 7 图版.
A stratigraphic chart is developed of the
Upper Cretaceous deposits of northern Siberia
based on dinocysts. It covers the period from
the Upper Cenomanian to the Maastrichtian,
including 15 biostratigraphic units (beds with
characteristic assemblages or local zones), and
is correlated with the inoceram zonation.
2010030038
西伯利亚北部早白垩世沟鞭藻囊孢以及地
层 学 意 义 = Early cretaceous dinocysts of
northern Siberia and their stratigraphic significance. (英文). Pestchevitskaya E B. Paleontological Journal, 2006, 40(Supplement 5):
S629-S647 5 图版.
The palynological analysis of the Berriasian-Barremian of northern Siberia has once
again demonstrated the great stratigraphic
value of dinocysts. A succession of ten dinocyst zones has been established. Most of their
boundaries may be considered as important
stratigraphic marks, which can be traced, apart
from in Siberia, in northern Europe,
Greenland, and China. Groups of characteristic species, in common for these territories, are
determined for certain intervals. Dinocysts of
the suborders Rhaetogonyaulacineae and
Cladopixiineae (including two new morphotypes), four species of Dingodinium and four
species of Aprobolocysta are described,
among them new species Dingodinium subtile
and Aprobolocysta cornuta. The genus Horologinella is revised, and the diagnosis of
Aprobolocysta is emended.
2010030039
丹麦日德兰半岛西部早中新世孢粉——环
境和气候指示意义 = Early Miocene pollen
and spores from western Jylland, Denmark environmental and climatic implications. (英
文). Larsson L M; Vajda V; Rasmussen E S.
GFF, 2006, 128(3): 261-272
A palynological analysis of a Lower Miocene cored section from Sonder Vium in western Jylland, Denmark, provides new data regarding the vegetation and climate during the
earliest Neogene. Most samples yielded well13
preserved palynomorphs. Terrestrial pollen
and spores dominate, with lesser proportions
of dinoflagellates. A fluvial input into the marine setting is corroborated by the presence of
freshwater algae, indicating, an inner-neritic
setting. A level containing comparatively
abundant dinoflagellate cysts probably represents a transgressional event. The late Aquitanian age of the sequence as suggested by previous studies is supported by the composition
of the palynoflora, e.g., by the presence of
Ephedripites, Platycarya, and the relatively
frequent occurrence of Engelhardtia. The pollen record is dominated by TaxodiaceaeCupressaceae suggesting that swamp forests
dominated the onshore region, which is consistent with previous results from central and
northern Europe. Besides Taxodium, the
swamp forest also contained angiosperm taxa
such as Myricaceae, Nyssa, Betula, and Alnus.
Elevated or better drained hinterland areas
hosted a diverse mesophytic forest, with a
ground cover of reeds, sedges and pteridophytes. Abundant pollen taxa derived from
mesophytic forests indicates the presence of
evergreen conifers, such as Pinus, Sequoia and
Sciadopitys, and deciduous angiosperms, including Fagus and Quercus. A decrease in
relative abundances of thermophilous elements such as Arecaceae (palms), Ilex,
Mastixiaceae and Engelhardtia, in the middle
part of the studied succession indicates a possible correlation to the late Aquitanian climatic deterioration. The composition of the
palynological assemblages including widely
distributed Taxodium swamps, suggests a
warm, frost-free temperate climate during the
Aquitanian in Denmark.
2010030040
瑞典中部和北部中深色粘土状冰碛-微体化
石构成和地层意义 = Dark clayey till in central and northern Sweden - microfossil content
and stratigraphical importance. ( 英 文 ).
Robertsson AM; Lundqvist J; Brunnberg L.
GFF, 2005, 127(3): 169-178
Eight sites with a dark, clayey basal till in
central Sweden have been studied by means of
microfossils in order to clarify the stratigraphic position of the till. The composition of
the identified reworked pollen and diatom floras shows interstadial or interglacial "signatures". Pollen spectra dominated by herbs,
shrubs and Betula are supposed to be of interstadial origin. The interglacial composition is
mostly characterised by 80-90% tree pollen
including thermophilous trees and brackish
water diatoms (Spanga). However, to distinguish reworked pollen spectra of interstadial
origin from spectra in sediments deposited
during the initial or final phase of an interglacial is hazardous. The vegetation zonation in
central Sweden especially during the Early
Weichselian interstadials is incompletely
known. An outline is given of different age
alternatives for the studied till. According to
our present knowledge it is most likely that it
was accumulated by advancing ice, in most
cases in the third Weichselian stadial (MIS 4),
i.e. after the Odderade Interstadial, in some
cases possibly in MIS 5b after the Brorup Interstadial. The results show that the composition of redeposited microfossil spectra can
give additional information to lithostratigraphical data on the age and origin of a till
unit.
2010030041
钙质超微化石 Rhomboaster-Tribrachiatus
族：一次发生在 55.5-53.2 Ma 的显著演替
事件 = The Rhomboaster-Tribrachiatus lineage: A remarkable succession of events from
55.5 to 53.2 Ma. (英文). Aubry M P; Requirand C; Cook J. GFF, 2000, 122(1): 15-18
2010030042
奥地利 Anthering 剖面古新世/始新世界限
层中孢粉的首次发现 = First results on pollen and spores from the Paleocene/Eocene
boundary interval of the Anthering section,
Austria. (英文). Draxler I. GFF, 2000, 122(1):
42-42
2010030043
美国怀俄明州西北部 Bighorn 盆地古新世
晚期到始新世早期孢粉植物群的动态变化
= Palynofloral dynamics of the late Palaeocene to early Eocene from the Bighorn Basin,
northwest Wyoming, USA. (英文). Harrington
G J. GFF, 2000, 122(1): 67-68
2010030044
始新世中期古地中海邻域东北部钙质超微
化石和地质事件 = Middle Eocene nannofossils and geological events of the northeastern
peri-Tethys. ( 英 文 ). Shcherbinina E A.
GFF, 2000, 122(1): 143-145
2010030045
论古新世-始新世界限附近的碳质超微标志
化石 Rhomboaster 和 Tribrachiatus = Remarks on the calcareous nannofossil markers
14
Rhomboaster and Tribrachiatus around the
Paleocene/Eocene boundary. ( 英 文 ). Von
Salis K; Monechi S; Bybell L M; Self-Trail J;
Young J. GFF, 2000, 122(1): 138-140
2010030046
新西兰南半球中纬度地区晚白垩世-古新世
早期孢粉变化 = Late Cretaceous to early Paleocene palynological changes in midlatitude
Southern Hemisphere, New Zealand. (英文).
Willumsen P S. GFF, 2000, 122(1): 180-181
2010030047
中国西北部新疆塔里木盆地由孢粉型判定
中 生代非 海相 石油母 岩 = Mesozoic nonmarine petroleum source rocks determined by
palynomorphs in the Tarim Basin, Xinjiang,
northwestern China. (英文). Jiang D X; Wang
Y D; Robbins E I; Wei J; Tian N. Geological
Magazine, 2008, 145(6): 868-885
The Tarim Basin in Northwest China hosts
petroleum reservoirs of Cambrian, Ordovician,
Carboniferous, Triassic, Jurassic, Cretaceous
and Tertiary ages. The sedimentary thickness
in the basin reaches about 15 km and with an
area of 560 000 km(2), the basin is expected
to contain giant oil and gas fields. It is therefore important to determine the ages and depositional environments of the petroleum
source rocks. For prospective evaluation and
exploration of petroleum, palynological investigations were carried out on 38 crude oil
samples collected from 22 petroleum reservoirs in the Tarim Basin and on additionally
56 potential source rock samples from the
same basin. In total, 173 species of spores and
pollen referred to 80 genera, and 27 species of
algae and fungi referred to 16 genera were
identified from the non-marine Mesozoic
sources. By correlating the palynormorph assemblages in the crude oil samples with those
in the potential source rocks, the Triassic and
Jurassic petroleum source rocks were identified. Furthermore, the palynofloras in the petroleum provide evidence for interpretation of
the depositional environments of the petroleum source rocks. The affinity of the miospores indicates that the petroleum source
rocks were formed in swamps in brackish to
lacustrine depositional environments under
warm and humid climatic conditions. The palynomorphs in the crude oils provide further
information about passage and route of petroleum migration, which is significant for interpreting petroleum migration mechanisms. Additionally, the thermal alternation index (TAI)
based on miospores indicates that the Triassic
and Jurassic deposits in the Tarim Basin are
mature petroleum source rocks.
2010030048
保加利亚东北部多布鲁察煤田晚维斯法期早斯蒂芬期阶植物变化的孢粉学证据 = Palynological evidence for late Westphalianearly Stephanian vegetation change in the Dobrudzha Coalfield, NE Bulgaria. ( 英 文 ).
Dimitrova TKH; Cleal C J. Geological Magazine, 2007, 144(3): 513-524
The Dobrudzha Coalfield in northeast Bulgaria has coal-bearing deposits ranging from
latest Namurian to early Stephanian age (late
Bashkirian to Moscovian age). Palynology of
the coals in the upper Makedonka, Krupen and
Gurkovo formations has been used to identify
major changes in the vegetation during late
Westphalian and early Stephanian times. The
palynomorphs were grouped in two different
ways (according to general rnorphotype and
according to parent plant group) and stratigraphical trends in the two sets of groups used
to identify vegetation change through the succession. Detrended Correspondence Analysis
was also used to identify ecological relationships between the palynofloras. In the upper
Makedonka and Krupen formations, lycophyte
spores mostly comprise 15-25 % of the palynofloras in the thicker seams, but in the
thinner coals they can represent Lip to 55 %.
Of the other plant groups, ferns are the most
abundant, representing 31-69 % in the thicker
seams, 12-41 % in the thinner seams. This
suggests that the arborescent lycophytes were
mainly restricted to pioneer vegetation in
these upland areas, and were replaced by ferns
as the peat substrates became better developed,
suggesting better-drained conditions. The
thinner seams also have a noticeable component of sphenophyll spores, indicating significant areas of open conditions allowing colonization by these scrambling plants. In the
Gurkovo Formation coals, lycophytes form an
even smaller part of the palynological spectra,
usually less than 10 % and in only one sample
just over 25 %; fern spores make up 43-57 %
of the palynofloras. This is in contrast to the
palynofloras reported from contemporaneous
elastic deposits in South Wales, most of which
consist mostly of 34-60 % lycophyte spores
and 14-34 % fern spores. Even more marked
is the difference from the contemporancous
coals formed in lowland settings in the USA,
which have mostly > 50 % lycophyte spores.
This evidence suggests that the timing of the
15
decline in abundance of arborescent lycophytes varied according to elevation above
sea-level. In lowland coastal settings, the lycophytes remained dominant until middle-late
Cantabrian times, but in more inland areas
they were progressively replaced mainly by
arborescent ferns during late Westphalian
times.
2010030049
南威尔士煤田东部晚维斯法期-早斯蒂芬期
含 煤 沉 积 的 孢 粉 学 = Palynology of late
Westphalian-early Stephanian coal-bearing
deposits in the eastern south wales coalfield.
(英文). Dimitrova T K; Cleal C J; Thomas B
A. Geological Magazine, 2005, 143(1): 809821
Mudstones above coals in the eastern part
of the South Wales Coalfield have yielded
diverse and well-preserved palynofloras. They
indicate that the Llantwit No. 1 and No. 2
seams are Stephanian in age, and thus correlate with the Household Coals Member in the
Forest of Dean. Until the formation of the
highest coal seam in the succession (No. 1
Llantwit Seam), conditions were progressively
becoming wetter, as indicated by an increase
in abundance of lycophytes and a decline in
the cordaites. However, after the formation of
this stratigraphically highest coal, the lycophytes declined significantly, indicating that
conditions suddenly became drier, perhaps as
a result Of uplift of the area as the Variscan
Front to the south steadily pressed forward.
2010030050
早泥盆世陆地植物孢子所假设的进化谱系
形态度量分析 = Morphometric analysis of
proposed evolutionary lineages of Early Devonian land plant spores. (英文). Breuer P;
Stricanne L; Steemans P. Geological Magazine, 2005, 142(3): 241-253
Early Devonian miospore assemblages from
'La Gileppe' (Eastern Belgium) include five
varieties of trilete spore belonging to the genus Emphanisporites. These five varieties
show a continuous variation of their morphological characteristics. The variation in morphological characteristics can be related to the
evolution of morphological features and allows us to define the Emphanisporites micromatus Morphon. A statistical evaluation of
this population highlights the interdependence
of almost all morphological parameters. This
study proves the increase in size of ornamental
and structural parameters over several million
years. The biometric changes and the progres-
sive replacement of older morphotypes by
younger ones indicate that a temporal link exists between these different varieties. Two
phylogenetic hypotheses for the E. micromatus Morphon are proposed. This morphological evolution is so far observed only on
the Eastern Old Red Sandstone Continent and
defines a palaeophytogeographic sinuosuszavallatus Province.
2010030051
比利时北部北海盆地南部上新世沟鞭藻囊
孢地层学和古生态学 = Dinoflagellate cyst
stratigraphy and palaeoecology of the Pliocene
in northern Belgium southern North Sea Basin.
(英文). Louwye S; Head M J; De Schepper S.
Geological Magazine, 2004, 141(3): 353-378
Dinoflagellate cysts and other palynomorphs from the Pliocene Kattendijk and Lillo
formations, exposed in two temporary outcrops in northern Belgium, provide new information on the biostratigraphic position and
sequence stratigraphic interpretation of these
units. Dinoflagellate cysts from the Kattendijk
Formation indicate an age between about 5.0
Ma and 4.7-4.4 Ma (early Early Pliocene) in
our sections, confirming a correlation with
standard sequence 3.4 and implying a slightly
greater age than the Ramsholt Member of the
Coralline Crag Formation of eastern England.
The unconformity at the base of the Kattendijk
Formation was not seen, but presumably correlates with sequence boundary Me2 at 5.73
Ma. The overlying Lillo Formation is late
Early Pliocene or early Late Pliocene (c. 4.22.6 Ma) in age, and the unconformity at its
base may be correlated with sequence boundary Za2 at 4.04 Ma or Pial at 3.21 Ma. The
Oorderen Sands and superjacent Kruisschans
Sands members (Lillo Formation) are both
part of the same depositional cycle. They were
probably deposited before 2.74 Ma, and certainly before the onset of Northern Hemisphere cooling at c. 2.6 Ma. Evidence from
dinoflagellate cysts indicates that both a shelly
unit at the base of the Lillo Formation and the
lower part of the overlying Oorderen Sands
were deposited during a conspicuously cool
climatic phase, with warmer temperatures returning during later deposition of the Oorderen Sands and Kruisschans Sands members.
Many dinoflagellate cyst and acritarch species
are reported here for the first time from the
southern North Sea Basin. Selenopemphix
conspicua (de Verteuil & Norris, 1992) stat.
nov. is proposed.
16
2010030052
安徽鹞落坪国家自然保护区植物的花粉形
态与其生态因子 = Study on pollen morphology and ecological factors in the region of
Yaoluoping Mountains, Anhui. (中文). 陈延
松;周忠泽;许仁鑫;沈军. 微体古生物学
报, 2008, 25(2): 166-184 4 图版.
应用光学显微镜对安徽省鹞落坪国家级
自然保护区 7 月份开花的 25 科 41 属 47 种
1 变种植物的花粉形态进行了观察和研究。
结果表明花粉粒扁球形至超长球形, P/ E 值
最大的为安徽贝母( Fritillaria anhuiensis S.
C. Chen et S. F. Yin), 大小为 1. 71 (1. 28 —2.
30)μm, 最小的为粉花绣线菊( Spiraea japonica L. ), 大小为 0. 83(0. 58 —0. 97)μm; 花粉
最大的为萱草[ Hemerocallis fulva (L. ) L. ],
大小为 93. 8 (85. 0 —100. 0) ×61. 1 (51. 3 —
70. 0)μm; 最 小 的 为 草 绣 球 [ Cardiandra
moellendorffii ( Hance) Migo ], 大小为 11. 1
(9. 5 —12. 5) ×8. 8 (7. 5 —10. 0)μm。萌发孔
主要有单沟(8. 3 %) 、3 —4 沟(18. 8 %) 、
多沟(8. 3 %) 、3 —4 孔沟(58. 3 %) 、散孔
(4. 2 %) 、无萌发孔(2. 1 %) 等类型。外壁
纹饰主要有刺状(12. 5 %) 、细网状(33. 3
%) 、粗网状(16. 7 %) 、颗粒状(25. 0 %) 及
无明显纹饰(12. 5 %) 等类型。同时研究了
其生态因子, 包括地理位置、海拔高度、年
降水量、年积温及生境等, 特别提供了 7 月
份的气候因子, 得出这些花粉分布区的主要
生态因子, 为利用地层中相应化石花粉重建
大别山地区古植被、古环境及气候变迁提
供了现代孢粉学资料和依据, 也为这些植物
的现代地理分布提供了科学依据。
2010030053
东北二龙湾玛珥湖晚更新世晚期植被与环
境变化的孢粉记录 = Vegetation and environment history of Erlongwan Maar Lake during the Late Pleistocene on pollen record. (中
文). 刘玉英;张淑芹;刘嘉麒;游海涛;汉景泰.
微体古生物学报, 2008, 25(3): 274-280
东北二龙湾玛珥湖孢粉记录显示, 34 ka B.
P. 以 来 , 该 区 植 被 和 气 候 经 历 了 以 下 变
化: 34 —29. 3 ka B. P., 发育山地寒温性针叶
林, 气候冷湿。29. 3 —12. 6 ka B. P., 该区以
寒温性针叶林、桦树林为主, 气候转向冷干
发展, 尤其在 20. 6 —18. 7 ka B. P. (L GM)
时, 表现最为突出。12. 6 —8. 9 ka B. P., 该
区植被为针阔叶混交林, 气候由冷干向温湿
逐渐过渡, 8. 9 —4. 6 ka B. P., 为落叶阔叶林,
气候温暖湿润。4. 6 ka B. P. 至今,发育针阔
叶混交林, 气候向温凉转干方向发展。研究
表明, MIS3a 阶段, 以二龙湾为代表的中国
东北东部气候以冷湿为主要特征, 而末次冰
期对该区的影响直到 12. 6 ka B. P. 以后才
结束。
2010030054
中国奥陶纪晚期—志留纪早期孢型植物及
古地理意义 = The Sporomorphs From The
Late Ordovician TO Early Silurian In China
And Their Palaeogeographical Implication.
(中文). 王怿. 古生物学报, 2010, 49(1): 1-9
中国奥陶纪晚期的孢型植物组合以隐孢
子 为 主 , 不 含 真 正 三 缝 孢 , 称 为
Tetrahedraletes
medinensis-Dyadospora
murusattenuata-Laevolancis
chibrikovae(MMC)组合;中国志留纪早期
孢型植物组合以隐孢子为主,包括四分体和
单分体,缺失二分体,出现真正三缝孢,并产生
不同的类型(光面、具纹饰、具弓形脊等类
型 ), 被 称 为 Tet-rahedraletes medinen-
sis-Laevolancis
chibrikovaeAmbitisporites avitus/dilutus(MCA) 组
合。孢型植物化石的某些相似性表明:华南
和塔里木板块可能分布于相近的低古纬度,
气候特征具有一定的可比性,代表近赤道的
热带气候;至少在志留纪早期,华南和印支板
块与冈瓦纳大陆距离较近,可能处于同一古
气候带,代表相似的生物古地理特征。
2010030055
辽宁义县金家沟义县组砖城子层孢粉组合
= Palynological Assemblage from the
Zhuanchengzi Beds of Yixian Formation In
Jinjiaogou,Yixian. (中文). 黎文本. 古生物学
报, 2010, 49(1): 44-53
辽宁义县金家沟义县组砖城子层的孢粉
组合是以无肋双囊类花粉为主(占组合的
70%左右), 伴以少量 Cicatricosporites，
Jugella, Ephedripites, Jiaohepollis 等为特
征, 其基本面貌与北票黄半吉沟义县组尖山
沟层的孢粉组合类似, 时代同属早白垩世贝
利亚斯期, 反映温暖湿润的气候环境。
疑 源 类
2010030056
Riphean 期晚期 Chencha 组疑源类的生境
和可能属性 = Habitats and probable nature of
acritarchs from the Upper Riphean Chencha
Formation. (英文). Stanevich A M; Chatta E
N; Kornilova T A; Nemerov V K. Paleontological Journal, 2007, 41(1): 87-94 3 图版.
17
Morphology and taphonomy of acritarchs
from the Upper Riphean deposits of the Baikal
Folded Region (eastern Siberia) are analyzed.
The morphotypes of acritarchs are compared
to various stages in the life cycle of modern
green algae of the order Chlorococcales. The
acritarchs Dictyotidium minor Stan. and the
modern coenobial taxon Pediastrum boryanum (Turp). Menegh. showed the greatest
similarity of structure.
2010030057
Kola 半岛早元古代含煤沉积中有机质壁的
微 体 化 石 一 新 属 --Petsamomyces = Petsamomyces, a new genus of organic-walled
microfossils from the coal-bearing deposits of
the Early Proterozoic, Kola Peninsula. (英文).
Belova M Yu; Akhmedov A M. Paleontological Journal, 2006, 40(5): 465-475 5 图版.
A new genus of organic-walled microfossils
of supposed fungal origin, Petsamomyces Belova gen. nov., is described from the black
shales of the Pechenga complex of the Early
Proterozoic (Kola Peninsula). The find testifies to the development of eukaryotic heterotrophic microorganisms as early as 2 Ga ago.
2010030058
澳大利亚 Officer 盆地 G1 钻孔中的埃迪卡
拉纪疑源类生物群及其生物地层对比的潜
力 = Ediacaran acritarch biota from the Giles
1 drillhole, Officer Basin, Australia, and its
potential for biostratigraphic correlation. (英
文 ). Willman Sebastian; Moczydłowska M.
Precambrian Research, 2009, 162(3-4): 498530
The remarkable diversification of singlecelled photosynthesising biota of algal and
other as yet unknown affinities (acritarchs),
followed by the diversification of metazoans,
occurred during the Ediacaran Period, which
is marked by extreme climatic and environmental changes. Here we describe a taxonomically diverse acritarch association from
the Ediacaran part of the Giles 1 drillcore in
the Officer Basin, South Australia, which
documents further the Ediacaran phytoplankton radiation. The studied palynoflora comprises 21 known acritarch species belonging to
15 genera. One new monospecific genus is
described (Calyxia xandaros sp. nov.) as well
as one new species of Tanarium (Tanarium
anozos sp. nov.). We also propose the genus
Knollisphaeridium to replace the preoccupied
genus Echinosphaeridium. Three stratigraphically successive assemblages that match pre-
viously observed patterns of acritarch replacement are distinguished. The present record is from slightly older strata than in previous records, thus extending the ranges of certain acanthomorphic species. The lower
boundaries of three stratigraphically higher
assemblage zones among the four formerly
established zones, are identified by the occurrence of the index species Tanarium conoideum, Tanarium irregulare and Apodastoides verobturatus, respectively. The substantial morphological disparity of acritarchs in
the Giles 1 succession suggests that they may
represent a great diversity of microorganisms,
not only as biological species but also representing perhaps vegetative and encysted stages
in their life cycle. The reconstructed palaeogeographic distribution of several species between Australia, Siberia, Baltica (the East
European Platform), and to South China,
shows that acritarchs are suitable for both intra- and inter-regional correlation.
牙 形 石
2010030059
Pterospathodus eopennatus(牙形刺)带的确
认与志留系纱帽组的时代及相关地层的对
比 = Affirmation Of Pterospathodus eopennatus Zone(Conodonta) And The Age Of The
Silurian Shamao Formation In Zigui,Hubei As
Well As The Correlation OfThe Related Strata.
(中文). 王成源;陈立德;王怿;唐鹏. 古生物学
报, 2010, 49(1): 10-28
Mannik(1998) 建 立 的 牙 形 刺
Pterospathodus eopennatus 带在华南普遍
存在,以前鉴定的 P.celloni 带的地层多数
都要归入 P.eopennatus 带,包括秀山组的上
段;P.celloni 带的地层主要存在于宁强组神
宣驿段的中上部,分布有限。扬子地台上秀
山组的顶界在各剖面上不等时。秭归纱帽
组顶部的灰岩层的时代是 Telychian 早期
P.eopennatus 带 上 部 , 可 能 延 伸 到
P.a.angulatus 带。溶溪组、马脚冲组的地
层可能应归入 Aeronian 阶而不是 Telychian
阶。
2010030060
湖北宜昌黄花场下奥陶统弗洛阶
Oepikodus evae 带 精 细 地 层 划 分 对 比 =
Precisely Compartmentalized And Correlated
Lower Ordovician Oepikodus Evae Zone Of
The Fuluoian In The Hhuanghuachang Section,Yichang,Hubei Province. ( 中 文 ). 李 志
18
宏;Stouge S;陈孝红;王传尚;汪啸风;曾庆銮.
古生物学报, 2010, 49(1): 108-124
全球中奥陶统及奥陶系第三个阶、大坪
阶的界线层型剖面和点位(GSSP)确定后,文
中作者对宜昌黄花场剖面弗洛阶上部
Oepikodus evae 带牙形刺生物地层序列进
行再研究。通过对红花园组上部-大湾组下
段一些关键层位中牙形刺样品的补充采集
和牙形刺标本的系统检查,研究牙形刺属种
垂向分布特征,修订一些牙形刺属种的首现
层 位 。 讨 论 Stolodus stola,Lundodus
gladiatus,Oepikodus intermedius,Oepikodus
communis,Trape-zognathus diprion, Baltonioduscf. B.triangularis 等重要的多分子器
官种分类问题。识别出 Baltoniodus triangularis(Lindstr m) 的 先 驱 :Baltoniodus
cf.B.triangularis(Lindstrom) 与 Baltoniodus
triangularis(Lindstrom) 的 区 别 。 描 述 新
建化石带属种,包括 Baltoniodus triangularis(Lindstrom) 。 认 为 Oepikodus evae
带上部时限范围内并未见 Oepikodus evae
分子，所以与国际地层指南（2000）关于
间隔带和延限带的含义相悖。据此，厘定
了原 Oepikodus evae 的含义。并以牙形刺
带分子首现为标志，将大湾组下段自下而
上划分为 3 个间隔带，分别为： O.evae
带 ， Trapezognathus diprion 带 和
Baltoniodus cf. B. triangularis 带 。 其 中
Trapezognathus
diprion
带
和
Baltoniodus cf. B. triangularis 带为新建化
石带。
2010030061
哈萨克斯坦西部 Mugodzhary 地区法门阶
下部的牙形石属 Polygnathus 新纪录 = New
records of the conodont genus Polygnathus
from the Lower Famennian of Mugodzhary,
Western Kazakhstan. (英文). Gatovsky Yu A.
Paleontological Journal, 2010, 44(3): 322327 3 图版.
Representatives of the genus Palmatolepis,
along with new species of the genus Polygnathus (Po. schinkaryovi sp. nov. and Po.
bertchogurensis sp. nov.) are recorded in carbonate deposits of the Burtebayian Formation
of the Lower Famennian of Mugodzhary
(Western Kazakhstan). They co-occur with
Polygnathus polesicus Strelchenko, which is
described for the first time in the Lower
Famennian of Belarus.
小 壳 化 石
2010030062
伊伯利亚半岛早寒武世 Cadomian 末期小
壳化石的年龄约束 = Age constraints from
small shelly fossils on the early Cambrian
terminal Cadomian Phase in Iberia. (英文).
Vidal G; Palacios T; Moczydlowska M;
Gubanov A P. GFF, 1999, 121(2): 137-143
The records of biotic and biogeochemical
events around the Proterozoic-Cambrian transition are well preserved in sedimentary rock
successions in Iberia. Until recently, sparsely
fossiliferous siliciclastic and carbonate successions in central Spain were believed to be
largely Proterozoic in age and to have suffered
late Cadomian deformation. Small shelly fossils identified as Anabarella sp. cf. A. plana
are here reported from south-central Spain and
are consistent with broadly NemakitDaldynian to Tommotian, early Cambrian age.
At a location in southwestern Spain, siliciclastics that yield Platysolenites antiquissimus in
association with an unidentified trilobite are
interpreted to be coeval with the upper stratigraphic record of P. antiquissimus in Baltica.
Both fossil occurrences are nearly timeequivalent to Tommotian-age rocks in North
Iberia that yield ichnofossils and acritarchs.
These beds unconformably overlie Neoproterozoic turbidites deformed by late Cadomian
folding. Small shelly fossil (SSF) faunas in
central Iberia (Spain) have "Acado-Baltic" and
"Gondwanan" affinities, and their presently
known distribution supplements previous palaeogeographic reconstructions that imply
near contemporaneity with broadly Tommotian-age faunas from medium to low latitude
shelf settings in Iberia, Siberia, Avalonia, Armorica, southern China, Iran, India and Australia. The new biostratigraphic data allow
clarification of the magnitude of the subTommotian unconformity in parts of Iberia
and set firm minimum age constraints for the
terminal Cadomian Phase of the Pan-African
orogeny in Iberia.
古 植 物 学
综 论
2010030063
法国北部圣奥梅尔盆地 Aa 古河口一万年来
的植被历史 = 10,000 years of vegetation history of the Aa palaeoestuary, St-Omer Basin,
northern France. (英文). Gandouin E; Ponel P;
Andrieu-Ponel V; Guiter F; Beaulieu J L;
Djamali M; Franquet E; Vliet-Lanoë B V;
19
Alvitre M; Meurisse M; Brocandel M; Brulhet
J. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2009, 156(3-4): 307-318
The analysis of sediments and pollen from
three sedimentary profiles in the St-Omer basin (Pas-de-Calais, France) has allowed the
reconstruction of local and regional vegetation
history from the late Preboreal to the Subatlantic. Hydrological changes induced vegetation changes, with freshwater marshy vegetation dominating during fluvial episodes, and
halophilous grasslands, typical of shore areas,
dominating during episodes of salt water input
(five marine episodes, so-called St-Omer I to
St-Omer V). Pollen markers indicative of human presence and agricultural activities, along
with contemporaneous signals of forest disturbance, are recorded from ca 4000 cal BP onwards.
2010030064
岗瓦纳大陆生态系统的轮廓：南非夸祖鲁
纳塔尔省一个新的晚二叠世的化石点 =
Portrait of a Gondwanan ecosystem: A new
late Permian fossil locality from KwaZuluNatal, South Africa. (英文). Prevec R; Labandeir C C; Neveling J; Gastaldo R A; Looy
C V; Bamford M. Review of Palaeobotany
and Palynology, 2009, 156(3-4): 454-493 14
图版.
The Clouston Farm locality, assigned to the
Lopingian Epoch and occurring within the
Normandien Formation of the northeastern
Karoo Basin, provides evidence for a community of diverse vascular plants occupying riparian woodland. The depositional environment is interpreted as an abandoned trunk
channel that preserved a megaflora in slackwater phases punctuated by overbank deposits
from rare flood events. Of 9772 plant specimens tabulated from an unbiased census of all
fragments greater than ~ 1 cm2, there are 51
distinct organ morphotypes, including glossopterids, sphenopsids, and ferns, collectively
represented as foliage, axes, fructifications,
and dispersed seeds. Of the 11 most abundant
morphotypes 10 are glossopterid morphotypes
or variant subtypes, in addition to a sphenopsid. Glossopterid morphotype dominance also
is reflected in the palynoflora. Palynological
data indicate a Wuchiapingian age for the locality. A specimen of the dicynodont ‘Oudenodon,’ found in a nearby stratigraphically
equivalent outcrop, is attributable to the Dicynodon Assemblage Zone, assigned a
younger Changhsingian age. A rich record of
plant–insect associations demonstrates an ele-
vated frequency of external foliage feeding by
mandibulate insects and lower incidence of
oviposition by palaeodictyopteroid and odonatopteroid taxa. Evidence for piercing-andsucking and galling is rare. The most abundant
plant taxon (glossopterid Morphotype C2a) is
the most intensively herbivorized, overwhelmingly by external feeding and ovipositing insects. Insect damage on this host is beyond
that predicted by floristic abundance alone.
This specificity, and high herbivory levels on
other glossopterid taxa, demonstrates extension of the Euramerican pattern toward the
preferential targeting of pteridosperms. The
Clouston Farm site provides a glimpse into a
late Permian ecosystem of primary producers,
herbivores, and insectivores—a prelude to the
crisis that engulfed life at the end of the period.
2010030065
墨西哥特拉斯卡拉州 Panotla 中新世沉积
中 的木 化石 = Woods from Miocene sediments in Panotla, Tlaxcala, Mexico. (英文).
Castañeda-Posadas C; Calvillo-Canadell L;
Cevallos-Ferriz S R S. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2009, 156(3-4):
494-506 5 图版.
The extant regional vegetation of Panotla,
Tlaxcala, Mexico, is the result of its geography, mainly due to the buildup of the Mexican
Trans-volcanic Belt. Before this volcanic belt
originated, palaeobotanical evidence suggests
that topographic, palaeoclimatic and ecological conditions were different, allowing the
establishment of an evergreen tropical forest
represented by plants similar to Terminalia,
Cedrela and cf. Hypodaphnys, which together
suggest the presence of a warm–humid (tropical) climate in a region not higher than
900 masl. In contrast, today Panotla is located
at an altitude that varies from 2100 to
2300 masl, has a temperate sub-humid climate,
with annual precipitation of 1650 mm, maximum annual temperature of 24.3 °C, and its
vegetation is composed of a white pine (Pinus
pseudostrobus Lindol.), oak (Quercus spp.)
and white cedar (Cupressus benthamii Endl.).
Geological and palaeobiological evidence
suggests an active volcanic and tectonic scenario that influenced plant evolution by shifting climatic conditions from high temperaturehumid to high temperature-dry, selecting the
plant communities in the region through time,
supporting the change from a tropical rain forest to a xeric vegetation.
20
2010030066
花粉颗粒状外壁的演化在系统发育上的意
义 = Evolutionary significance of granular
exine structure in the light of phylogenetic
analyses. (英文). Doyle J A. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2009, 156(1-2):
198-210 1 图版.
In 1973 Van Campo and Lugardon recognized granular structure as a third major type
of exine structure in seed plants, in addition to
columellar (restricted to angiosperms) and
alveolar (restricted to other seed plants, such
as cycads and saccate conifers). Because they
found granular structure both in other seed
plants (non-saccate conifers, Gnetales) and in
angiosperms (some Magnoliales, monocots,
and “Amentiferae”), they suggested it might
be ancestral in angiosperms. This suggestion
was elaborated by other workers and supported by studies of Le Thomas and Lugardon
on Annonaceae (Magnoliales), which appeared to show origin of columellae by various modifications of granules. Phylogenetic
(cladistic) analyses of seed plants based on
morphological and molecular data modify this
scheme considerably but reaffirm the systematic interest of granular structure. In conifers
and Gnetales (which probably form a clade),
granular structure appears to be derived from
alveolar (as in Pinaceae, Podocarpaceae and
extinct outgroups of conifers). Molecular
analyses root the phylogenetic tree of angiosperms among Amborella, Nymphaeales, and
Austrobaileyales, which have columellar and
related exine structures, implying that granular
exines were derived within angiosperms. This
contradicts earlier views that granular structure provides evidence for a relationship between angiosperms and outgroups such as
Gnetales and Bennettitales. Phylogenetic
analyses indicate that granular structure was
derived from columellar within Magnoliales
and Laurales, in each of which it is an important synapomorphy of a major subgroup; the
same may also be true for Fagales. However,
phylogenetic analyses of Annonaceae confirm
that granular structure is ancestral in this
group and columellar is derived, essentially as
a reversal to the ancestral state in angiosperms.
In Fagales granular structure is associated
with wind pollination, but not in Magnoliales
and Laurales; however, in all three cases it
may be correlated with reduction in exine
thickness.
2010030067
捷克共和国 Intra-Sudetic 盆地早维斯法期
山岳内植被化峡谷的古生态模型 = A palaeoecological model for a vegetated early
Westphalian intramontane valley (IntraSudetic Basin, Czech Republic). (英文). Libertín M; Dašková J; Opluštil S; Bek J; Edress
N. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2009, 155(3-4): 175-203 9 图版.
The study involves a palaeoecological
model for both the coals and associated sediments of the Lampertice Member of the Žacléř
Formation in the Intra-Sudetic Basin, Czech
Republic is proposed. The study area was an
intramontane valley drained by a braided to
low-sinuosity meandering river with a well
developed floodplain. The river probably
flowed to the northeast. Taphonomic analysis
of the fossil record of various lithologies revealed the existence of autochthonous,
parautochthonous–autochthonous and allochthonous plant associations. These associations
served as the basis for the restoration of the
original phytocoenoses colonizing different
areas of the valley: (1) channel banks dominated by pteridosperms with subdominant
calamiteans and ferns: (2) clastic floodplains
colonised either by pteridosperms, ferns and
calamiteans in well-drained areas or by arborescent lycopsids and ferns in poorly-drained
areas: (3) mire (peat-forming) forests composed of arborescent lycopsids, ferns and
sphenophylls: and (4) valley margin and
slopes dominated by cordaiteans and pteridosperms.
2010030068
捷克共和国波西米亚中部中宾夕法尼亚期
被火山灰原位埋藏的先锋植物组合 = Middle Pennsylvanian pioneer plant assemblage
buried in situ by volcanic ash-fall, central Bohemia, Czech Republic. (英文). Libertín M;
Opluštil S; Pšenička J; Bek J; Sýkorová I;
Dašková J. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2009, 155(3-4): 204-233 6 图版.
Palaeoecological analysis of a single-age
plant assemblage of the middle Westphalian
age (Bolsovian = middle Moscovian) preserved in the tuff bed at the base of the Whetstone Horizon in the roof of the Lower Radnice Coal of the Štilec opencast mine in central Bohemia is provided. This plant assemblage represents a peat-forming phytocoenosis
buried in situ by volcanic ash-fall as indicated
by frequent occurrence of upright stems
rooted in the underlying coal and large plant
21
fragments occurring at the base of the tuff. It
is a low-diversity herbaceous and subarborescent assemblage dominated by small ferns and
calamites with subdominant lycopsids not
taller than about 1–1.5 m. This unique herbaceous assemblage comprises four fern species
(Kidstonia heracleensis, Dendraena pinnatilobata, Desmopteris alethopteroides and
Sphenopteris cirrhifolia), Calamites sp. and
the small lycopsid Spencerites leismanii. Each
species bears mature fertile organs with spores
that indicate them to represent small but fully
mature plants and not juvenile arborescent
taxa. This plant assemblage is interpreted as a
pioneer phytocoenosis that colonised a shallowed pond or lake, and that developed in the
Lower Radnice Coal mire after flooding.
Comparison of the phytocoenosis preserved in
tuff bed at the base of the Whetstone Horizon
in the Štilec opencast mine with coeval plant
assemblages from the same bed in other localities reveals its unique character.
Comparison of the palynological record
from the roof of the Lower Radnice Coal with
the taphocoenosis preserved in the “bělka”
tuff bed overlying this coal and the allochtonous taphocoenosis of the laminated tuffite
above bělka indicates a close co-existence of
this low-diversity herbaceous phytocoenosis
with the high-diversity lepidodendrid lycopsid
dominating assemblage.
2010030069
捷克共和国中宾夕法尼亚期（Bolsovian）
Whetstonen 层火山灰中原位保存的泥炭森
林 = A Middle Pennsylvanian (Bolsovian)
peat-forming forest preserved in situ in volcanic ash of the Whetstone Horizon in the
Radnice Basin, Czech Republic. ( 英 文 ).
Opluštil S; Pšenička J; Libertín M; Bashforth
A R; Šimůnek Z; Drábková J; Dašková J. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2009,
155(3-4): 234-274 10 图版.
The precursory mire of the Middle Pennsylvanian (Bolsovian) Lower Radnice Coal
was buried in situ by volcanic ash, preserving
the taxonomic composition, spatial distribution, vertical stratification, and synecology of
this peat-forming ecosystem in extraordinary
detail. Plant fossil remains represent the preeruption vegetation of the swamp, which resulted from accumulation of peat in a high-ash,
planar (rheotrophic) mire situated in a narrow
palaeovalley containing an active fluvial system. A tuff bed (the Bělka) at the base of the
volcaniclastic Whetstone Horizon was exposed in two contiguous excavations over an
area of 50 m2 in the Radnice Basin of western
Bohemia, Czech Republic. Twenty-seven
morphotaxa were identified, representing 20
whole-plant species with a wide variety of
growth forms. The canopy of the peat-forming
community was dominated by Cordaites
borassifolius trees together with the arborescent lycopsid “Lepidodendron” (= Paralycopodites), whereas Lepidophloios cf. acerosus
was subdominant. Evidence suggests that the
laterally extensive “crowns” of these arborescent lycopsids would have overlapped during
the final phase of their life cycles, but differences in the height of tree species resulted in a
complex and vertically variable canopy interrupted by randomly distributed gaps. The understorey was dominated by medullosan pteridosperms and marattialean tree ferns, whereas
zygopterid ferns and sphenophylls comprised
the bulk of the ground cover. In comparison
with the canopy, understorey and ground
cover species were less abundant and patchier
in distribution, with almost complete absence
beneath the deep shade of C. borassifolius
trees. Lianas that entwined arborescent trees
were an important component of the peatforming forest. Three lyginopterid pteridosperm species along with a sphenophyll had
a lianescent habit based on their close association with upright or prone lycopsid trunks and
“canopy” branches. Species richness in the
swamp superficially appears low. However,
considering the small area of excavation,
along with the higher diversity known from
the same tuff bed in the adjacent, former
opencast Ovčín Mine, it appears that species
richness in the forest was comparable to some
of the less diverse Westphalian peat-forming
swamps in the U.S.A. The Lower Radnice
mire vegetation was compositionally homogeneous, but had a heterogeneous distribution
with patchiness occurring at a very fine scale.
The preserved plant assemblage most resembles mires dominated by medullosan pteridosperms and Paralycopodites described from
upper Westphalian coal balls in the U.S.A.,
which were characterised by high diversity in
all storeys and involved plants centred in highash peat-forming swamps.
2010030070
捷克共和国 Boskovice 盆地晚石炭世至早
二叠世植物组合的研究 = A study of Late
Carboniferous and Early Permian plant assemblages from the Boskovice Basin, Czech
Republic. ( 英 文 ). Šimůnek Z; Martínek K.
22
Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2009, 155(3-4): 275-307 4 图版.
Late Stephanian and Early Permian floras
were collected in eight localities of the Boskovice Basin. More than 2700 specimens were
studied. The Carboniferous wet-type flora
(Rosice–Oslavany Formation) is relatively
hygrophilous with a dominance of ferns (Pecopteris cyathea and P. densifolia) and a
smaller representation of sphenopsids (Annularia sphenophylloides). Pteridosperms and
cordaitaleans are rare. Conifers (Ernestiodendron filiciforme), as drier-type elements, occur
locally above the 1st (uppermost) coal seam of
the Rosice–Oslavany coals together with
many representatives of pteridosperms (medullosans, Odontopteris schlotheimii). This
indicates the beginning of seasonality and
aridisation of the climate. The Permian flora is
dominated by conifers and is of an arid character. Some horizons contain a relatively high
proportion of pteridosperms (Zbýšov, Říčany
and Zboněk–Svitávka horizons), however, the
species spectrum differs and the Permian pteridosperms are mainly represented by peltasperms (Autunia conferta). Ferns and sphenopsids are extremely rare in the Permian horizons. The flora reflects changes in the basin
from relatively wet climate in the Rosice–
Oslavany Formation to the seasonal and “dry”
climate during the Permian. The Permian extrabasinal floral elements preserved in fossiliferous horizons grew in the basin during
the seasonal climate. The red sediments outside the fossiliferous horizons are barren, presumably reflecting a semi-arid climate. The
seasonality and “less” or “more” dry periods
during the Permian are documented changes
in diversity and dominance of the flora, and by
cluster analysis. Using unconstrained Jaccard's
analysis, the Carboniferous “wet-type” flora is
clearly separated from the “dry-type” Permian
flora. Even though the Chudčice Horizon is
approximately in the middle of the section, it
is placed in this analysis at the top of the dendrogram together with the “dry-type” floral
clusters. This analysis reflects an aridisation
trend rather than biostratigraphically determined changes.
As a result of our excavations, 15 species
are here for the first time reported from the
Boskovice Basin: Pecopteris cf. bredovii, Remia pinnatifida, Odontopteris lingulata, Neurocallipteris gallica, N. planchardii, Rhachiphyllum aff. curretiensis, ?R. subauriculata,
Dicranophyllum longifolium, Culmitzschia
angustifolia, Hermitia arnhardtii, H. ger-
manica, H. rigidula, H. schlotheimii, and bifurcated leaves of uncertain affinity.
2010030071
匈牙利 Bükkábrány 被埋葬的中新世森林 =
The buried Miocene forest at Bükkábrány,
Hungary. (英文). Erdei B; Dolezych M; Hably
L. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2009, 155(1-2): 69-79 5 图版.
A remarkable fossil assemblage—fifteen ‘in
situ’ stumps standing at their original position—was explored at the opencast lignite
mine at Bükkábrány, N Hungary. The stumps
occupying an area of about 50 × 100 m have
been preserved in Upper Miocene grey sands
overlying the lignite seam. The height of the
trunks ranges from 2 up to 5.2 m, their perimeter at the base reaches up to 8.8 m. The
age of the fossil remains is estimated to about
7 Ma according to the regional stratigraphy.
The fossil forest is the remains of a swamp
forest which is also corroborated by the palaeogeography of the fossil site as the area of
the former Lake Pannon. Fossil leaf and fruit
assemblages indicating the typical swamp
vegetation in the close vicinity of Lake Pannon have already been reported from the site.
Wood anatomy of some of the stumps is diagnostic for Taxodioxylon germanicum (Greguss)
Van der Burgh which is related to modern Sequoia Endlicher and was an important element
of peat forming vegetation during the Neogene. Some other stumps are comparable to
Glyptostroboxylon
Conwentz
emend.
Dolezych & Van der Burgh. The organic rich
sediments underlying and embedding the
stumps provided a high abundance of
Glyptostrobus Endlicher remains, foliage,
cones and seeds.
2010030072
保加利亚晚始新世至早中新世的气候及植
被 = Late Eocene to early Miocene climate
and vegetation of Bulgaria. (英文). Bozukov
V; Utescher T; Ivanov D. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2009, 153(3-4):
360-374
The Bulgarian Palaeogene flora reveals important information concerning floristic transformation and climatic change in southeastern
Europe. After the Eocene/Oligocene transition,
an invasion of arctotertiary floristic elements
took place in the European vegetation. This
climatically forced, gradual change from a
palaeotropical to an arctotertiary type of vegetation is well reflected in the Bulgarian floras.
In the present paper, we analyze 12 palaeoflo23
ras covering the time span from the late Eocene to the early Miocene from a palaeoecological and palaeoeclimatic viewpoint.
The vegetation change in the Palaeogene was
triggered by both global climatic evolution
and regional patterns generated by a changing
palaeogeography. The signals from both processes are obviously overlapping and in some
cases make it impossible to separate their imprints.
Hygromesophytic forests without arctotertiary floristic elements still played the major
role in the zonal vegetation in the late Eocene.
No significant change in vegetation cover at
the Eocene/Oligocene transition is apparent,
and hygrophytic to hygromesophytic palaeocoenoses and oak-laurel forests dominated the
palaeovegetation. Mesophytic to mesoxerophytic communities became important in the
early Oligocene, along with the decrease of
hydrophytic to hygromesophytic formations.
A similar picture is obtained for the late Oligocene, but deciduous arctotertiary elements
then reached a higher proportion for the first
time. The climatic evolution is more or less
consistent with the observed vegetation
changes. Warm-temperate conditions persisted
throughout this time span, but they show a
cooling trend in the late Oligocene, most
probably an imprint of global climatic cooling
at that time. With respect to changing palaeogeographical patterns, the regressive trend
during the early Oligocene is contemporaneous with a slight decrease in annual precipitation. Xerophytic phytocoenoses are reported
from most of the sites, but climatic data supporting the existence of such associations are
reconstructed only for the Bourgas and
Borovets floras. In all the other floras, the majority of taxa indicate that no really dry season
existed.
2010030073
熔岩植被在火山喷发时的植被动态、古地
表、结构控制因素：以苏格兰早第三纪的
冒尔岛熔岩斯达弗组为例 = Syn-eruption
vegetation dynamics, paleosurfaces and structural controls on lava field vegetation: An example from the Palaeogene Staffa Formation,
Mull Lava Field, Scotland. (英文). Jolley D W;
Bell B R; Williamson I T; Prince I. Review of
Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2009, 153(1-2):
19-33
Lavas and sedimentary rocks of the Palaeogene Staffa Formation are exposed in the
south-west of the Island of Mull in the Inner
Hebrides, Scotland. Here, we present the re-
sults of an extensive programme of analysis of
palynofloras from intravolcanic sedimentary
rocks across this, the oldest part of the Mull
Lava Field. This analysis has been allied to
field and aerial photograph mapping, which
have provided evidence that the earliest flows
and sediments of the Staffa Formation were
emplaced into two NW–SE trending fault controlled valleys. This extensional structural regime was also utilised by the NW–SE trending
Mull dyke swarm. Early syn-depositional
movement on graben margin faults is indicated by anomalously thick alluvial sediments,
and ponded lava flows on the downthrown
sides. Sedimentary and palynofacies data indicate an overall southeasterly drainage direction for the Staffa Formation paleo-valley system, the palynofloras reflecting this in increased dominance of mire vegetation communities, in the wetter, lower reaches of the
catchment. The palynofloras are subdivided
into four ecological groupings. Mid to late
succession communities dominate the two
youngest depositional sequences of the lava
field, reflecting the filling of the valley structures, and the development of an increasingly
stable environment. The youngest surface includes the renowned Ardtun Leaf Beds, which
are shown to be atypical of much of the Staffa
Formation flora, being located on a graben
margin alluvial fan. This youngest surface also
provides evidence for the subsequent inversion of the original graben structure across the
south of the area, while active eruption continued in the north. Inversion is attributed to
the emplacement of the oldest members of the
nearby Mull Central Complex, and heralds the
eruption of the trap-forming Plateau Group
lavas.
2010030074
利用花粉-植被关系来估计古植被遮盖度：
一种建模方法 = Estimating past vegetation
openness using pollen–vegetation relationships: A modelling approach. (英文). Soepboer W; Lotter A F. Review of Palaeobotany
and Palynology, 2009, 153(1-2): 102-107
We used a modelling approach to assess
past landscape openness in mid-Holocene
natural vegetation. Two simple landscape scenarios were modelled: a first landscape was
based on the “Vera cycle” hypothesis for
western Europe, including different phases of
herbivore-induced vegetation change and regeneration, while a second landscape was created based on views how a mid-Holocene
natural vegetation may have looked like on the
24
Swiss Plateau according to the closed canopy
theory. These simulated landscapes were used
to produce pollen assemblages by means of a
pollen dispersal and deposition model. The
resulting modelled pollen assemblages were
then compared to a typical mid-Holocene pollen record from the Swiss Plateau. Our results
indicated that the mid-Holocene pollen record
is likely to be the result of a closed beech forest. However, the vegetation cover on the
Swiss Plateau had components from both the
closed woodland and the wood pasture landscape designs, with the latter likely at frequently disturbed or naturally open habitats.
2010030075
韩国浦项盆地 Janggi 群（早中新世）含煤
组下部的木化石 = Fossil woods from the
Lower Coal-bearing Formation of the Janggi
Group (Early Miocene) in the Pohang Basin,
Korea. (英文). Jeong E K; Kim K; Suzuki M;
Kim J W. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2009, 153(1-2): 124-138 7 图版.
Fourteen species of fossil wood belonging
to eleven genera and seven families were identified from 38 well preserved specimens collected from the Lower Coal-bearing Formation of Janggi Group at Donghae-myeon, Pohang City, Gyeongsangbuk-do Prefecture, Korea. Seven new taxa were found and described;
they are Carya koreana Jeong et Kim, Betula
janggiensis Jeong et Kim, Carpinus donghaensis Jeong et Kim, Ostrya geumgwangensis Jeong et Kim, Stewartia pseudocamellioxylon Jeong et Kim, Acer minokamoensis Jeong, Kim et Suzuki and Acer pohangensis Jeong et Kim. The most abundant
taxa are Betulaceae, Aceraceae, Ulmaceae,
and Wataria. Except Wataria of which the
habitat preference has not been confirmed,
these taxa are major elements of cooltemperate vegetation and are similar to the
Aniai-type flora of Japan. Previous studies of
fossil plants from the Geumgwangdong Shale
(leaves and seeds), the Upper Coal-bearing
Formation (fossil woods) and the Yeonil
Group (leaves and seeds) and this study, show
that the climate of the Pohang Basin changed
from cool-temperate to warm-temperate and
subtropical during the Miocene.
2010030076
再评植物驯化，从达尔文时代至今 = Domestication of plants revisited - Darwin to the
present day. (英文). Pickersgill B. Botanical
Journal of the Linnean Society, 2009, 161(3):
203-212
Darwin studied domesticated plants and
animals to try to understand the causes of
variability. He observed that variation is
greatest in the part of the plant most used by
humans, but explanations of the causes of this
variation had to await the discovery of Mendelian genetics and subsequent advances in the
understanding of the structure and mode of
action of genes, from the one gene, one enzyme hypothesis to the role of transcriptional
regulators. Darwin credited his studies on domesticated plants and animals with demonstrating to him the power of selection. He recognized two forms of human-mediated selection, methodical and unconscious, in addition
to natural selection. Selection leaves a signature in the form of reduced diversity in genes
that have been the targets of selection and in
'hitch-hiking' genomic regions linked to the
target genes. These so-called selective sweeps
may serve now to identify genes targeted by
selection in early stages of domestication and
thus provide a possible guide to crop improvement in future. (C) 2009 The Linnean
Society of London, Botanical Journal of the
Linnean Society, 2009, 161, 203-212.
2010030077
达尔文与岛生植物 = Darwin on island plants.
(英文). Carlquist S. Botanical Journal of the
Linnean Society, 2009, 161(1): 20-25
Islands played a key role in Charles Darwin's observations and experiments on plant
dispersal. By means of these experiments, he
expunged the old idea that a given species
could originate at multiple times and in multiple places. More importantly, by seeing the
capabilities for dispersal of plant seeds, fruits
and branches, he was able to develop ideas of
how plants reach islands and thus he is one of
the founders of plant biogeography. For facts
regarding floristic distribution of plants, Darwin relied on other workers, most notably Sir
Joseph Dalton Hooker. Among his insights
were the differences between oceanic and continental islands on a floristic basis, ideas on
how age of island and distance from mainland
areas influenced composition of island floras,
the nature of endemism on islands and the role
islands and archipelagos served as stepping
stones in dispersal. Ingenious at proposing
hypotheses, but always respectful of facts,
Darwin sought explanations for plant adaptations on islands at a time when knowledge of
island botany was little more than floristic in
nature. These explanations are compared with
selected recent works in island botany. (C)
25
2009 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2009, 161,
20-25.
2010030078
法伊夫 Wester Cartmore Farm 的末次冰期
的古环境研究及其对苏格兰中东部植物及
气 候 变 化 研 究 的 意 义 = Lateglacial palaeoenvironmental investigations at Wester
Cartmore Farm, Fife and their significance for
patterns of vegetation and climate change in
east-central Scotland. (英文). Edwards K J;
Whittington G. Review of Palaeobotany and
Palynology, 2010, 159(1-2): 14-34
An infilled hollow at Wester Cartmore in
Fife has yielded 2.30 m of deposits which
have been analysed palynologically and sedimentologically. The construction of an agedepth model is compromised by radiocarbon
dating problems, but the high resolution record permits an assessment of the site within
the palaeovegetational context of east-central
Scotland. It has been possible to refer the deposits to the Devensian Lateglacial (cf. GS-2
to GS-1) and early Holocene periods, albeit
with caution given the confusion surrounding
the stratigraphical and chronological terminology for the period. A number of revertence
phases are recognisable in the pollen record
and these fit test criteria for robustness as well
as being detectable in ordination, rarefaction
and, partly, preservation analyses. For eastcentral Scotland, apart from the ubiquitous
Poaceae and Cyperaceae pollen, Juniperus is
especially typical of warmer interludes,
whereas Salix and Artemisia characterise the
GS-1 (cf. Younger Dryas) event.
2010030079
丹麦日德兰半岛晚渐新世至早中新世的植
被和气候 = Vegetation and climate in the latest Oligocene–earliest Miocene in Jylland,
Denmark. ( 英 文 ). Larsson L M; Vajda V;
Dybkjær K. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2010, 159(3-4): 166-176 2 图版.
Two exposures in Jylland, Denmark, encompassing beds of latest Oligocene to earliest Miocene age (latest Chattian–early Aquitanian) yielded well-preserved palynofloras.
The assemblages indicate that Jylland was
covered by extensive Taxodiaceae swamp forests in the mid-Cenozoic. Besides a Taxodiaceae–Cupressaceae association, which was
overwhelmingly dominant, other common
plants in this habitat were Alnus, Nyssa,
Betula, Salix, Cyrilla and Myrica. Most of the
trees and shrubs are well adapted to swamps
and thrive under more or less flooded conditions in modern bald cypress swamps of the
southeastern North America. Vegetation composition indicates that a warm–temperate climate prevailed in Denmark during the Oligocene–Miocene transition. According to calculations using the Coexistence Approach, the
mean annual temperature during this time
span ranged from 15.6 to 16.6 °C. An increase
to 16.5–21.1 °C is inferred from the palynoflora in the upper part of the section. The
earlier, cooler period possibly reflects global
cooling associated with the Mi-1 glaciation
event at the Oligocene–Miocene boundary. No
data from the very coldest part of the Mi-1
event has been recorded, as this is represented
by a gravel layer (representing a hiatus) in the
lowermost part of the studied succession. The
length of the missing time is not known precisely, but is probably in the order of some
hundred thousand years. Correlation with the
well-established chronostratigraphic and sequence stratigraphic framework for the studied
succession reveals that the most distinctive
change in palynoflora probably reflects a shift
in depositional facies (due to an increase in
sea level) rather than direct climatic change.
The sea-level rise is herein interpreted to be
eustatic and related to melting of Antarctic ice
caps at the end of the Mi-1 glaciation event.
2010030080
加拿大北极群岛艾玛海湾组（密西西比亚
系维宪阶）的化石植物群及它们的古环境
意义 = Fossil floras from the Emma Fiord
Formation (Viséan, Mississippian) of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago and their paleoenvironmental context. (英文). Leslie A B; Pfefferkorn H W. Review of Palaeobotany and
Palynology, 2010, 159(3-4): 195-203 2 图版.
Fossil floras from three exposures of the
Emma Fiord Formation from Ellesmere Island,
Axel Heiberg Island, and Devon Island in the
Canadian Arctic Archipelago fill a gap in our
knowledge of the regional distribution of
Viséan age plant assemblages. Plant fossils
occur as compressions in two lithologies, calcareous shale and black shale, representing
two different lacustrine depositional environments within a broader system of rift lakes
that developed prior to the beginning of widespread Sverdrup Basin sedimentation. Calcareous shales from the Grinnell Peninsula of
Devon Island preserve an in situ forest dominated by articulated arborescent lycopsid
compression fossils similar to Lepidodendron
26
veltheimii, while black shales from the Kleybolte Peninsula of Ellesmere Island and the
Svartevaeg Cliffs of Axel Heiberg Island preserve a more diverse assemblage consisting of
fragmentary lycopsid compressions and disarticulated foliage taxa similar to species of
Rhodea, Aneimites, and Fryopsis. The Emma
Fiord macroflora is comparable to those found
in similar tectonic and sedimentary settings in
Alaska, Greenland, and Spitsbergen. These
assemblages are not as diverse as contemporaneous or roughly contemporaneous tropical
lowland floras from North America and
Europe.
2010030081
帕夫洛•尼尔•弗里格纳诺（意大利阿尔卑
斯山北部）末次冰期和全新世的植被历史
= Late-Glacial and Holocene vegetation history of Pavullo nel Frignano (Northern Apennines, Italy). (英文). Vescovi E; Kaltenrieder
P; Tinner W. Review of Palaeobotany and
Palynology, 2010, 160(3-4): 32-45
Until recently, pollen-stratigraphic research
in the Northern Apennines (Northern Italy)
provided only generalized pollen diagrams
that lacked reliable chronologies, and few records provided complete and detailed postglacial sequences equipped with radiocarbon
dates. We present a new Late-Glacial and
Holocene pollen sequence from Pavullo nel
Frignano in the Emilian Apennines (Modena,
Italy). The chronology relies on AMSradiocarbon-dated samples of terrestrial plant
origin. Our pollen record suggests that open
Late-Glacial Pinus and Juniperus dominated
woodlands were established at the site before
14,000 cal. BP. Thermophilous trees such as
Quercus, Ulmus, and Tilia as well as Abies
alba expanded already during the Late-Glacial
(ca. 14,000–13,000 cal. BP), but did not form
closed forests. After climate cooling of the
Younger Dryas A. alba re-expanded at the
onset of the Holocene at ca. 11,500 cal. BP
and remained the dominant species until at ca.
6000–5500 cal. BP. The decline of A. alba
was associated with a marked opening of forests, and the expansion of deciduous trees
such as Fagus and Quercus. Vegetational
composition did not change substantially during the past 5000 years, and cultivated tree
taxa such as Juglans and Castanea played
only a transient or marginal role. Although the
vegetation history of Pavullo is consistent
with previous investigations in the study area,
comparison is hampered by the absence of
other records from the same vegetational (col-
line) belt. Our pollen-inferred human-impact
history is in agreement with archaeological
evidence. In addition, our results suggest a
rather close link between vegetational change
in the Northern Apennines and the Southern
Alps. Common features between these two
climatically-similar regions are the initial expansion of thermophilous trees and Abies alba
at ca. 13,000 cal. BP, the mid-Holocene collapse of A. alba (probably as a consequence of
human disturbance) as well as the subsequent
expansions of Quercus and Fagus.
2010030082
中国渭河河谷黄土高原南部的全新世植被
特征 = Holocene vegetation characteristics of
the southern Loess Plateau in the Weihe River
valley in China. (英文). Shang X; Li X. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2010,
160(3-4): 46-52
The Loess Plateau has a varied topography
that creates a mosaic of hydrological and soil
microclimatic conditions, and the study of its
vegetation characteristics has been controversial. Two loess–palaeosol sequences of Xindian and Beizhuangcun were selected at different topographic units in the Weihe River
valley to reconstruct the vegetation history for
the Holocene period using high-resolution pollen analysis. Herb plants typically dominated
the Xindian region during the Holocene, and
sparse-wood grasslands became prominent
around 8200–7700 years BP and 5500–
4700 years BP. Forest-grassland covered the
area between 7700 and 5500 years BP.
Sparse-wood grassland dominated the Beizhuangcun region for most of the Holocene.
This region contained mixed coniferous and
broad-leaved forest dominated by Pinus between 6800 and 5300 years BP. Around 40%
of the arboreal pollen indicates that the forest
was relatively open with some grasses and
shrubs. Therefore, the sparse-wood grasslands
and grasslands were the dominant vegetation
types in the Weihe River valley, which has the
best hydrothermal conditions on the southern
margin of the Loess Plateau. The forest in the
Weihe valley only became extensively developed in the Holocene Optimum. Topographic
units, terrain composition and loess thickness
are the important factors controlling the development of this arboreal vegetation, along
with temperature and precipitation.
2010030083
叶 演 化 过 程 中 的 关 键 形 态 的 改 变 = Key
Morphological Alterations in the Evolution of
27
Leaves. (英文). Sanders H; Rothwell G W;
Wyatt S E. International Journal of Plant Sciences, 2009, 170(7): 860-868
Evolution of plant form proceeds through
sequential alterations in the development of
plant organs. Leaves (or fronds) are organs
that have diagnostic characteristics, including
definite arrangement on a stem, bilateral
symmetry (abaxial/adaxial identity), and determinate growth. Evolution of those diagnostic characteristics represents a series of critical
steps in plant evolution that resulted from specific developmental alterations. The fossil record reveals a transformational series in leaf
evolution that highlights steps that have occurred in parallel but independently in both
leptosporangiate ferns and seed plants, resulting in superficially similar frond morphologies.
In this study, the fronds of the most ancient
fossil fern, Psalixochlaena antiqua, and the
most ancient reconstructed seed plant, Elkinsia polymorpha, are characterized and compared with leaves of modern plants in order to
identify the sequence in which features of
leaves in two distinct clades of euphyllophytes
arose. While both fronds show a combination
of characters attributable to ancestral vegetative axes and characters attributable to leaves,
each plant displays different combinations of
those characters. These data document dissimilar sequences of character originations
and, therefore, the independent evolution of
developmental mechanisms in seed plants and
ferns
2010030084
Ugol’naya 海湾（俄罗斯东北）森诺曼阶植
物群新数据 = New data on the Cenomanian
Flora of the Ugol’naya bay (Northeastern
Russia). ( 英 文 ). Moiseeva M G. Paleontological Journal, 2010, 44(2): 226-239 6 图
版.
The taxonomic composition of the Middle
Ginter Flora of the Ugol’naya Bay area
(northeastern Russia) is supplemented with
new data based on newly determined and revised materials. The uniqueness of the flora
lies in the fact that its age (Middle Cenomanian) is dated to a zone by marine fauna. The
floristic assemblage contains 29 species of
fossil plants and is dominated by angiosperms
and conifers. The refined taxonomic list shows
even greater than was earlier supposed similarity of the flora to the Grebenka assemblage
from the Krivorechenskaya Formation at the
left bank of the Anadyr River, which is the
type assemblage of the Grebenka phase of the
flora development in northeastern Russia. A
new combination is proposed: Ettingshausenia
louravetlanica (Herman et Shczepetov) Herman et Moiseeva, comb. nov.
2010030085
长白山北坡垂直植被带木本植物的植硅体
形 态 特 征 及 其 环 境 意 义 = Morphological
characteristics of phytolith of woody Plants
from the vertical vegetation zones on the north
slope in Changbai mountain and its environmental significance. (中文). 孙艳磊;介冬梅;
刘 朝 阳 ; 刘 红 梅 . 微 体 古 生 物 学 报 , 2009,
26(3): 261-270 2 图版.
长白山垂直分布的植被是温带到寒带植
被的组合,能够很好地反映温度变化趋势,研
究其植物的植硅体对于了解长白山气候变
迁有重要意义。作者选择长白山 9 科 14 属
木本植物的叶子,采用湿式灰化法对其进行
植硅体分析,计算了不同形态植硅体的百分
含量,同时测量了长度和宽度。研究表明:长
白山北坡垂直植被带中典型木本植物的叶
子具有 8 种植硅体类型:表面有突起、皱纹
的椭圆形、卵形;具有螺旋纹的纺锤状以及
导管形、弓形、鸟嘴状、扁棒型、石块
状、松树皮状、不确定型。在 14 种木本植
物叶子中都出现了扁棒型植硅体,其含量随
海拔升高逐渐增加,说明在长白山区扁棒型
植硅体是示冷型植硅体。阔叶类木本植物
叶子中,具有螺旋纹的纺锤体及导管形、弓
形植硅体占优势;裸子植物叶子中松树皮
状、石块状植硅体,其含量随海拔升高逐渐
递减,说明松树皮状和石块状植硅体是示暖
型植硅体。
2010030086
莫斯科地区 Peski 产地中侏罗世植物群：
分类学，古生态和古地理 = Middle Jurassic
flora of the Peski locality (Moscow Region):
Systematics, paleoecology, and phytogeography. (英文). Gordenko N V. Paleontological
Journal, 2008, 42(12): 1285-1382 57 图版.
This paper describes the Middle Jurassic
flora of the Peski locality (Moscow Region), a
unique locality for fossil flora and fauna. The
systematic composition, age of the flora, and
plant taphonomy in context of paleorelief are
considered. Plant associations are reconstructed. The paleogeographical significance
of the flora is discussed.
28
2010030087
咸海地区东北部 Karakumzholy 地区晚白
垩 世 植 物 群 = Upper Cretaceous flora of
Karakumzholy, northeastern Aral Region. (英
文). Shilin P V. Paleontological Journal, 2008,
42(12): 1405-1409 2 图版.
Upper Cretaceous plant impressions from
the reddish gray sandy and clayey deposits of
the Zhirkindek Formation of the Karakumzholy locality (the Lower Syr Darya Uplift, Kazakhstan) were studied. This Turonian
flora includes two species of fern (Filices) and
several angiosperm species. The angiosperms
Ettingshausenia cuneifolia (Bronn) Stiehler
(described previously as Platanus cuneifolia
Bronn) and Trochodendroides arctica (Heer)
Berry dominate at the locality. The former
species is a typical representative of the Upper
Cretaceous flora of the Euro-Sinian subtropical phytogeographic region of Eurasia, while
the latter belongs to the temperate SiberianCanadian phytogeographic region.
2010030088
Bureya 河盆地（阿穆尔州晚白垩世）坎帕
阶植物群 = Campanian flora of the Bureya
River basin (Late Cretaceous of the Amur Region). (英文). Golovneva L B; Sun G; Bugdaeva E V. Paleontological Journal, 2008,
42(5): 554-567 6 图版.
A general characterization of the Campanian flora of the Amur Region is provided
based on a floristic assemblage from the upper
member of the Kundur Formation (Amur Region) and its stratigraphic analogue, the Taipinglinchang Formation (northern China). New
species of Trochodendroides and Celastrinites
are described; and a new combination, Arthollia tschernyschewii, is proposed.
2010030089
俄罗斯及周边地区古新世和始新世植物
群：演化的气候条件 = Paleocene and Eocene floras of Russia and adjacent regions:
Climatic conditions of their development. (英
文). Akhmetiev M A. Paleontological Journal, 2007, 41(11): 1032-1039 2 图版.
Climatic changes in the western and central
regions of Russian Eurasia in the Paleocene
and in the first half of the Eocene were caused
by the dynamics and rearrangement of the systems of marine seaways: the longitudinal one,
which connected the Arctic Basin with marginal seas of the Northern Peri-Tethys, and the
latitudinal one, which connected the latter seas
with the Atlantic. As these systems were pro-
gressively reduced, the climate in the middle
latitudes changed from paratropical to a subtropical monsoon climate with a moist summer, and later to a climate with a moist winter,
and, in the Late Eocene, to a humid climate
without any marked seasonal variation in precipitation. The type of flora changed in
agreement with these changes. In the Paleogene, cold currents constantly influenced the
climate of the Northwestern Pacific rim and
facilitated the development of a warmtemperate mesophilic flora.
2010030090
奥 地 利 坎 潘 阶 早 期 Grünbach 植 物 群 =
Early Campanian Grünbach flora of Austria.
(英文). A B Herman; J Kvaček. Paleontological Journal, 2007, 41(11): 1068-1076 4 图版.
The Grünbach flora from the Grünbach
Formation of the Grünbach-Neue Welt Basin,
Austria, is dated to the Early Campanian on
the basis of foraminifers found in this formation and marine fossils serving as stratigraphic
markers in the underlying (Maiersdorf Formation) and overlying (Piesting Formation) deposits. The Grünbach flora enumerates 53
species assigned to the Equisetopsida (1 species), Polypodiopsida (11 species), Cycadopsida (1 species), Pinopsida (4 species), Liliopsida (6 species), and Magnoliopsida (30 species). These plants constituted several plant
communities, among which the following are
more or less reliably defined: aquatic,
swamp/semiaquatic, juglandaceous and palm
wetland forest, riparian, and mesophytic forest.
The Grünbach flora grew in a humid subtropical frost-free climate with a hot summer and a
short and relatively dry, but not arid, period
during the year.
2010030091
俄罗斯阿尔汉格尔斯克地区早石炭世植物
= Early Carboniferous plants of the Arkhangelsk Region, Russia. (英文). Orlova O A.
Paleontological Journal, 2007, 41(11): 11381150 6 图版.
Eight species of fossil plants are described
for the first time from the Lower Carboniferous of the Arkhangelsk Region. One of these
species, Adiantites lisitzynii O. Orlova et
Jurina, is new. The taxonomic composition of
the assemblage of 20 species indicates a
woody vegetation of the Euramerian aspect.
The rich assemblage recovered for the first
time from terrigenous deposits of the Arkhangelsk Region dates them to the Visean
(Early Carboniferous).
29
2010030092
丹麦博恩霍尔姆一侏罗纪（普林斯巴阶）
植物群-对瑞典兰德大学植物化石收藏的研
究 = A Jurassic (Pliensbachian) flora from
Bornholm, Denmark - a study of a historic
plant-fossil collection at Lund University,
Sweden. (英文). Mehlqvist K; Vajda V; Larsson L M. GFF, 2009, 131(1-2): 137-146 4 图
版.
A historic collection of plant fossils from
the Baga Formation, Bornholm, Denmark registered at the Lund University is reviewed and
found to be dominated by ferns with subsidiary Ginkgoales, Coniferales, Bennettitales and
Equisitales. Ten genera are represented, of
which six can be confidently identified to species level. The Baga Formation flora is most
similar in age to the flora of the Middle Jurassic Mariedals Formation of Eriksdal, Skane,
although there are important compositional
differences between these assemblages. The
Baga flora is characteristic of the temperate
(warm and humid) biome of the Early-mid
Jurassic. A historical investigation reveals that
at least four scientists contributed material to
the collections. A palynological investigation
made on samples from the leaf fossils reveals
that the macroflora was most probably collected from the Sorthat beds as the palynoflora
corresponds to the Pliensbachian Chasmatosporites Zone.
2010030093
西澳侏罗纪植物群 = The Jurassic flora of
Western Australia. ( 英 文 ). McLoughlin S;
Pott C. GFF, 2009, 131(1-2): 113-136
Jurassic plant remains in Western Australia
are sparse but small assemblages of impression fossils have been deposited in the collections of the Australian Museum, Sydney, over
the past century. They reveal the presence of ?
Matoniaceae and Cladophlebis sp. from the
Cockleshell Gully Formation (ToarcianAalenian), Zamites sp. from the Dingo Claystone (Middle to Upper Jurassic), and Elatocladus confertus (Oldham & Morris) Halle,
Pagiophyllum amanguanus sp. nov., ?microsporangiate cones, Otozamites bengalensis
Oldham & Morris, Otozamites linearis Halle,
Otozamites sp. and Ptilophyllum cutchense
Morris from the Yarragadee Formation (Late
Jurassic). The assemblages show links to eastern Australian, Indian and Antarctic floras of
Early Jurassic to Early Cretaceous age. The
macrofloras generally support previous paly-
nological dating of the host units, but also indicate broad (generic-level) similarities between Jurassic and Early Cretaceous floras
across Gondwana. The macrofloras have no
strong taxonomic or morphological signatures
indicative of either aridity or humidity but the
bennettitaleans have leaves intermediate in
size between low and high latitude midMesozoic assemblages, which favours previous palaeogeographic placements of Western
Australia in the mesothermal middle-latitude
province in the Jurassic.
2010030094
暖在地球暖期借助水在欧洲中部和北部传
播的大植物碎屑：关于先锋植物传播机制
的一种假说 = Water-borne macroscopic plant
particle transport through central and northern
Europe during warming phases: a hypothetical
spreading mechanism for climatic pioneers.
(英文). Kolstrup E. GFF, 2007, 129(4): 307313
This paper presents a new hypothesis on
spreading and immigration of pioneer plants.
It is speculated that during phases of sudden
climate warming, seeds and other parts of
plants were transported by rivers from central
Europe into the North Sea and the Baltic areas
and drifted on to surrounding shores. Some
parts have remained in the records as macrofossils, while in other cases the plants are proposed to have continued their life cycle in the
new areas. The principle is illustrated
by,examples from different areas and times:
Weichselian Lateglacial finds in NW Germany suggest that tree trunks were brought
northward. For central and northern Sweden
exceptionally strong glacio-isostatic rebound
could have followed pronounced land surface
depression after the ice-sheet meltings. This
would have transformed coasts to land quickly,
promoting the growth of seeds and plants in
areas that are now far inland. If this hypothesis
is valid it can explain the presence of anomalously early, warm vegetations in newly deglaciated areas. The rapidity of water-borne
immigration following a climatic warming can
also open up for a possibility of quick immigration to other former near-coast areas and
river banks in Europe. Based on an example of
a warmth requiring palaeovegetation at
Vrogum in Denmark and the fact that trees
survived in central Europe during the coldest
part of the Weichselian it is suggested that
short-lived, palaeobotanically hitherto unknown warm phases might be worth looking
for in the terrestric records.
30
2010030095
煤中的丝炭化石是古植物解剖特征信息的
重要来源 = Fusinite of fossil coals as an information source about the anatomy of ancient
plants. (英文). Kizil’stein L Ya. Paleontological Journal, 2006, 40(4): 448-452 1 图版.
“Clarification” and ion and high-frequency
etching of fusinite are described. These methods allow microscopic examination of fusinitized plant tissues in fine anatomical detail,
revealing the outlines of cells, the structure of
cell walls, the outlines of bordered pits, and,
occasionally, even cellular microstructures. It
is supposed that the effects of “clarification”
and etching are caused by those optical differences between the composition of organic
biopolymers that constituted the anatomical
structures of plants that have been preserved
in the fossil state.
2010030096
北美西北部始新世早期海拔升高的古植物
学证据 = Paleobotanical evidence for the development of high altitudes during the early
Eocene in northwestern North America. (英
文 ). Wolfe J A; Gregory-Wodzicki K M;
Molnar P; Mustoe G. GFF, 2000, 122(1): 186187
2010030097
关于波罗的海琥珀的来源植物的一个新提
议 = A new proposal concerning the botanical
origin of Baltic amber. (英文). Wolfe A P;
Tappert R; Muehlenbachs K; Boudreau M.
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 2009, 276(1672): 3403-3412
Baltic amber constitutes the largest known
deposit of fossil plant resin and the richest
repository of fossil insects of any age. Despite
a remarkable legacy of archaeological, geochemical and palaeobiological investigation,
the botanical origin of this exceptional resource remains controversial. Here, we use
taxonomically explicit applications of solidstate Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) microspectroscopy, coupled with multivariate
clustering and palaeobotanical observations, to
propose that conifers of the family Sciadopityaceae, closely allied to the sole extant representative, Sciadopitys verticillata, were involved in the genesis of Baltic amber. The
fidelity of FTIR-based chemotaxonomic inferences is upheld by modern–fossil comparisons
of resins from additional conifer families and
genera (Cupressaceae: Metasequoia; Pinaceae:
Pinus and Pseudolarix). Our conclusions challenge hypotheses advocating members of either of the families Araucariaceae or Pinaceae
as the primary amber-producing trees and correlate favourably with the progressive demise
of subtropical forest biomes from northern
Europe as palaeotemperatures cooled following the Eocene climate
2010030098
下巴伐利亚 Passau 西南部 Mahd 地区下中
新统一含植物残体的燧石地层: 初步成果 =
Achert deosit with plant remains from
the ?Lower Miocene of Mahd (southwest of
Passau, Lower Bavaria): preliminary results.
(德文). Schneider S; Dotzler N; Krings M.
Geologica et Palaeontologica, 2008, (42): 722
The chert has preserved a plethora of compressed and fragmented remains of flowering
plants. Apart from variously sized insitu axes
and roots in a mold-like preservation, the chert
contains small seeds, fragments of smaller
axes and roots in anatomical preservation, as
well as locally thin layers of small leaves. The
cellular preservation of the plant remains is
hardly recognizable in thin sections under
transmitted light, but when the slides are
placed under epifluorescence with +violetexcitation, cell walls and tissues strongly contrast with the matrix. The chert presumably
formed in a near-shore area of a small inland
body of standing water.
2010030099
Gagariostrobus cylindricus 与俄罗斯通古
斯盆地二叠纪-三叠纪生态系统中植物组分
的新认识 = Gagariostrobus cylindricus (Prynada) Mogutcheva and the Permian—Triassic
Ecosystem Flora Reorganization in the Tunguska Basin. ( 英 文 ). Mogucheva N K;
Naugolnykh S V. Stratigraphy and Geological
Correlation, 2010, 18(1): 31-41
The ecosystem reorganization of terrestrial
vegetation in the Tunguska River basin, which
occurred at the Permian—Triassic boundary,
was analyzed. The taxonomic composition of
Early Triassic floras of the Tunguska basin
involved nearly all the main groups of higher
plants, typical of floras of the early Mesophytic, which allows one to study in detail the
dynamics of the appearance and the early evolution of the Mesozoic vegetation in the region.
The reproductive organs of Gagariostrobus
cylindricus (Prynada) Mogutcheva have been
described in detail on the basis of the compre31
hensive study of the type and new materials.
In situ spores of Gagariostrobus cylindricus
have been studied for the first time with the
scanning electron microscope, and the spores
have been characterized with an indication of
their variation modes. The graphic reconstruction of the Gagariostrobus cylindricus strobilus has been proposed, and data on the status
of the parent plant that produced the strobili
have been analyzed.
2010030100
英国威尔士南部煤田维斯法阶-斯蒂芬阶大
植 物 记 录 = The Westphalian-Stephanian
macrofloral record from the South Wales
Coalfield, UK. (英文). Cleal C J. Geological
Magazine, 2007, 144(3): 465-486
The South Wales Coalfield has the most
complete Westphalian macrofloral record
anywhere on the Variscan Foreland oradjacent
basins, with 135 biodiversity-meaningful
morphospecies having been recognized. All of
the standard macrofloral biozones of the
Westphalian Stage have been recognized, although a detailed comparison with the Central
Pennines Coalfields has indicated some discrepancies in the relative positions of the biozonal boundaries. Total Species Richness progressively increases through the Langsettian
Substage, and then remains relatively stable
through most of the Duckmantian and Bolsovian substages. There is a distinct reduction in
Total Species Richness towards the top of the
Bolsovian Substage, but this partially recovers
in the middle Asturian Substage with the appearance of a range of marattialean ferns, and
medullosalean and callistophytaleans pteridosperms. There is no evidence of any significant drop in Total Species Richness towards
the top of the succession, indicating that conditions at this time were relatively stable. The
change from coastal floodplain to alluvial
braidplain conditions in middle Bolsovian
times correlates with a marked increase in the
proportion of medullosalean remains being
preserved in the adpression record, reflecting
an expansion of the clastic-substrate habitats.
2010030101
华南贵州宣威组火山碎屑的凝灰岩中的晚
二叠世矿化植物群及其古植物区系意义 =
An Upper Permian permineralized plant assemblage in volcaniclastic tuff from the
Xuanwei Formation, Guizhou Province,
southern China, and its palaeofloristic significance. (英文). Hilton J; Wang S J; Galtier J;
Glasspool I; Stevens L. Geological Magazine, 2004, 141(6): 661-674
A new permineralized fossil plant assemblage is described from volcaniclastic tuff collected in the Upper Permian (Wuchiapigian to
Changhsingian) Xuanwei Formation at Shanjiaoshu mine, Guizhou Province, China. The
assemblage is fragmentary but contains a
small sphenopsid strobilus, a partial strobilus
of a lepidodendralean lycopsid, pinnae of the
filicalean fern Anachoropteris and a filicalean
non-laminate fertile pinna rachis, the marattialean ferns Eoangiopteris, Scolecopteris and
Psaronius, hooked stems of probable gigantopterid affinity, and two kinds of cardiocarpalean ovules. This represents the first indisputable evidence of Anachoropteris from the
Permian of China, and contrasts with previous
evidence from Europe and North America that
indicates this genus became extinct during
earliest Permian times. The assemblage highlights the persistence of plants from wetland
communities and mire ecosystems into the
Upper Permian of southern China, and adds
further support to the presence of the Ameriosinian phytogeographical realm. This represents the first record of a plant assemblage
preserved in volcaniclastic sediments from the
Upper Permian of southern China, and in
combination with other recently discovered
plant assemblages in similar deposits in southern China, suggests volcanism to be an important factor in facilitating permineralized plant
preservation in this realm. Although the
source of the volcanism that produced the tuff
is unknown, its age and location are consistent
with the Emishan Large Igneous Province
(LIP) of southwest China.
2010030102
摩洛哥安蒂阿特拉斯山南部 Dra 山谷中的
弗拉斯阶植物 = Frasman plants from the Dra
Valley, Southern Anti-Atlas, Morocco. (英文).
Meyer-Berthaudt B; Rucklin M; Soria A;
Belka Z; Lardeux H. Geological Magazine, 2004, 141(6): 675-686
Anatomically preserved plant fragments are
reported from Devonian marine deposits exposed in the Dra Valley of southern Anti-Atlas,
Morocco. Associated conodont and tentaculite
faunas indicate that the sediments yielding
plants, which consist of black shales with intercalated calcareous concretions, are early
Frasnian in age and most probably represent
Zone 2 of the conodont zonation. This is the
first record of Frasnian plants in North Africa.
The specimens found all correspond to decor32
ticated portions of axes. Six are referable to
Callixylon, the organ genus corresponding to
anatomically preserved axes of the progymnosperm tree Archaeopteris. Based on wood
characters, especially ray structure, they are
assigned to the species C henkei, formerly
described from the Famennian of Europe. One
single specimen is compared to Xenocladia, a
cladoxylopsid genus previously known from
the Middle Devonian of Europe, USA and
Kazakhstan. Interestingly, Archaeopteridales
and Cladoxylopsida are two groups that dominate the younger plant assemblages of Famennian age recently described from the eastern
Anti-Atlas. Callixylon henkei-type axes occur
both in the Frasnian and in the Famennian deposits of the Anti-Atlas and they are all devoid
of growth rings. These results are in accordance with a close position of Gondwana and
Euramerica during Late Devonian times.
2010030103
中国山西本溪组维斯法阶上部的一个物种
丰富的新植物化石群及其古植物区系意义
= A new and diverse plant fossil assemblage
from the upper Westphalian Benxi Formation,
Shanxi, China, and its palaeofloristic significance. (英文). Cleal C J; Wang Z Q. Geological Magazine, 2002, 139(2): 107-130
A diverse assemblage of Carboniferous
plant fossils occurs in the upper Benxi Formation at the Kaihuagou Section near Taiyuan,
Shanxi, China. It consists of impressions and
fusain fragments, the latter revealing anatomical details. Unlike previously published assemblages from the Benxi Formation, there
are no pteridosperms, but a predominance of
noeggerathioids and fern fragments. There are
three new species: Achlamydocarpon taiyuanensis, Conchophyllum suboblongifolium,
and the first reported example of a Selaginella
from the Carboniferous System of China, S.
benxiensis. The arborescent lycophytes do not
to belong to Lepidodendron, as previously
claimed, but to Synchysidendron, and three
new combinations are therefore proposed for
species from the Benxi Formation: S. galeatum, S. subrhombicum and S. tripunctatum.
The Benxi Formation flora represents a transition between the tropical swamp vegetation
represented in the Westphalian floras of
Europe and North America, and the Stephanian and Permian Cathaysian floras of China.
It is evidence of an essential continuity between the Late Palaeozoic vegetation of the
western and eastern tropics, which should be
united as a single phytochorion, the Amerosinian Realm.
2010030104
哥伦比亚泥盆纪植物及其地质和古地理背
景 讨论 = Devonian plants from Colombia,
with discussion of their geological and palaeogeographical context. (英文). Berry C M;
Morel E; Mojica J; Villarroel C. Geological
Magazine, 2000, 137(3): 257-268
Plant fossils are described from the Cuche
Formation, Eastern Cordillera, Colombia in
the area of Floresta. Those identified as Colpodexylon cf. deatsii Banks and cf. Archaeopteris sp. suggest an earliest Late Devonian
(Frasnian) age for the formation. These or
similar taxa are also found in contemporaneous deposits in western Venezuela, and other
elements of the Venezuelan flora are found in
a geographically intermediate locality. All
three Devonian plant localities in the northwest of South America are within the Colombian Eastern Cordillera and its northern extension, the Venezuelan Perija Range, an area
that has been integrated as a part of the socalled 'Eastern Andean Terrane' or 'Central
Andean Province', supposedly accreted to the
autochthonous block of the Guyana Shield
during the early Jurassic or before. Although
both invertebrates and plants from this terrane
have strong affinities to North American and
European assemblages, and might be interpreted as implying a Laurussian origin for the
Eastern Andean Terrane, the evidence is not
yet unequivocal, with some authors postulating an in situ development of this province.
2010030105
加拿大未冰川化的西南育空地区修订的晚
第 四 纪 植 被 史 ， 来 自 Antifreeze 湖 和
Eikland 湖 的 资 料 = A revised lateQuaternary vegetation history of the unglaciated southwestern Yukon Territory, Canada,
from Antifreeze and Eikland ponds. (英文).
Vermaire J C; Cwynar L C. Canadian Journal
of Earth Sciences, 2010, 47(1): 75-88
Antifreeze Pond was thought to contain the
oldest record of continuous environmental
change in the southwestern Yukon. We have
revised the original interpretation of the vegetation history of Antifreeze Pond and this region based on new pollen, stomate, and macrofossil analysis, along with 38 new accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) 14C dates from
Antifreeze Pond and nearby Eikland Pond.
Although the overall pattern of vegetation
33
change is similar to the previously published
Antifreeze Pond record, our new analysis indicates that the timing of the major vegetation
shifts is substantially different, particularly
during the late-glacial and early Holocene periods (from ~17000- 9000 cal years BP). The
original Antifreeze Pond record was thought
to span a mid-Wisconsinan interstadial
(>30000 cal years BP) and the full-glacial period. Our results, however, indicate that the
material of mid-Wisconsinan age was likely
deposited by slumping around the pond making interpretation of the paleoenvironment
difficult. Furthermore, our AMS 14C dates
show that what was thought to be a full-glacial
vegetation record is actually the vegetation
history of the late-glacial period (ca. 1700011000 cal years BP), which was a time of
rapid sediment deposition into the ponds. The
Eikland Pond record has an early Holocene
Populus rise between ca. 11000- 8000 cal
years BP that is not present in either the new
or original Antifreeze Pond records. This new
interpretation of the vegetation history should
aid comparisons to other regional paleoenvironmental records.
2010030106
远东中生代木化石 Xenoxylon 的构造和多
样性及其陆相古气候意义 = Structure and
diversity of the Mesozoic wood genus
Xenoxylon in Far East Asia: implications for
terrestrial palaeoclimates. (英文). Philippe M;
Jiang Hong-en; Kim K; Ho Changhwan;
Gromyko D; Harland M; Paik In-Sung;
Thévenard F. Lethaia, 2009, 42(4): 393-406
Although the faunal elements of Far East
Asian Mesozoic terrestrial biota have attracted
much attention in recent years, their palaeoecology remains poorly known. In particular, features of the palaeoclimate are
highly controversial. To address this point we
used the Mesozoic fossil wood Xenoxylon, a
genus recognized as an indicator of wet temperate biotopes and which is common in the
area during the Carnian–Maastrichtian interval.
We re-appraised bibliographic data and gathered new data for Xenoxylon in the Mesozoic
of Far East Asia. This demonstrated that previous taxonomic approaches to the genus have
been so far idiosyncratic. We examined the
anatomical diversity of morphogenus Xenoxylon in Far East Asia and compared it to that of
samples from Europe. This indicates that in an
area centred on north-eastern China, Xenoxylon reached a level of anatomical diversity
unmatched elsewhere in the world. We hy-
pothesize that this diversity witnesses the persistence of palaeoecological conditions particularly suitable for Xenoxylon and that a wet
temperate climate prevailed over most of the
area throughout the Carnian–Maastrichtian
interval. It is in this setting that the famous
Jehol Biota probably evolved.
藻 类
2010030107
斯洛伐克西北部 Vienna 盆地中新世中期一
个特殊的钙质沟鞭藻植物群 = An exceptional flora of calcareous dinoflagellates from
the middle Miocene of the Vienna Basin, SW
Slovakia. (英文). Streng M; Banasová M; Reháková D; Willems H. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2009, 153(3-4):
225-244 12 图版.
Novel and diverse associations of calcareous dinoflagellate cysts have been discovered
in Late Badenian (late Middle Miocene)
coastal marine sediments within the Vienna
Basin. Samples derive from a clay pit near
Devínska Nová Ves, a borough of Bratislava,
Slovakia, in which the Late Badenian lectotype section is exposed. Seventeen different
taxa, many of them new and of abnormal
morphology, have been distinguished and assigned to ten genera. The following seven taxa
are newly introduced from the Devínska Nová
Ves clay pit: four genera comprising five new
species, i.e., Calciconus irregularis, Juergenella remanei, Cylindratus borzae, Posoniella
pustulata, Posoniella campestris, one new
varietas, i.e., Calcicarpinum perfectum var.
poratum, and one new forma, i.e., Caracomia
arctica forma duplicata. In addition, the following new combinations have been made:
Posoniella tricarinelloides (Versteegh), Juergenella ansata (Hildebrand-Habel and Willems), and Juergenella granulata (Kohring).
The genus Melodomuncula Versteegh is
emended based on a new interpretation of its
tabulation, and the genus Pirumella Bolli is
emended because the concept used for the genus is not in accordance with the original description.
2010030108
早志留世冲积扇环境（美国，维吉尼亚州,
下马塞纳腾砂岩）中的丝状蓝绿藻微化石
一新属新种 = A new genus and species of
filamentous microfossil of cyanobacterial affinity from Early Silurian fluvial environments
(lower Massanutten Sandstone, Virginia,
USA). (英文). Tomescu A M F; Rothwell G
34
W; Honegger R. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2009, 160(3): 284-289
Fossils reported previously from the Early
Silurian (Llandovery) lower Massanutten
Sandstone (Virginia, USA) are formally described here as Prattella massanuttense gen. &
sp. nov. Organization into cellular filaments
embedded in extracellular matrix, the sizes of
cells and filaments and the fluvial origin of
deposits that host the fossils are all consistent
with cyanobacterial affinity. Prattella massanuttense combines preservation as carbonaceous compression at a macroscopic scale
with cellular preservation by mineral replacement of cell contents at a microscopic scale.
These fossils provide the earliest direct evidence for the occurrence of cyanobacteria in
fluvial habitats and add to the knowledge of
terrestrial ecosystems that hosted early stages
of land plant evolution. (C) 2009 The Linnean
Society of London, Botanical Journal of the
Linnean Society, 2009, 160, 284-289.
2010030109
古生代红藻 Ungdarellaceae 科分类学 = On
the taxonomy of the Paleozoic red algae of the
family Ungdarellaceae. (英文). Chuvashov B I;
Anfimov A L. Paleontological Journal, 2007,
41(1): 95-102 3 图版.
The history of the genus Ungdarella and the
family Ungdarellaceae is discussed. Data on
thallus morphology in members of the family
are analyzed. Three new genera, Ungdarelloides, Urtasimella, and Suundukella, and a
new species of the genus Ungdarella, U. mitchaelensis sp. nov., are described. The type
localities of these taxa are briefly outlined. All
these taxa come from Middle Carboniferous
carbonate rocks of the Subpolar and Southern
Ural Mountains.
2010030110
中国西北鄂尔多斯盆地三叠纪延长组产油
的 Botryococcus 属：形态及其环境意义 =
The oleaginous Botryococcus from the Triassic Yanchang Formation in Ordos Basin,
Northwestern China: Morphology and its paleoenvironmental significance. (英文). Ji Liming; Yan Kui; Meng Fan-wei; Zhao Min.
Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 2010, 38(5):
175-185
High abundance but rather low diversity algal fossils were found in the hydrocarbon
source rocks of the Ch 7-2–Ch 7-3 section,
Triassic Yanchang Formation in the Xifeng
area of southwest Ordos Basin, which are
mainly composed of prolific Leiosphaeridia
and Botryococcus. Botryococcus colonies are
of various forms; the majority is nubbly, with
some of cluster and cotton shape. The nubbly
colonies appear globular, cordiform, ternate
petal, obtuse triangle, chrysanthemum shape
and so on. Most Botryococcus are saffron or
brown and are frequently covered with clay
under transmission microscope, and shows
strong yellow and light brown under fluorescence microscope. Botryococcus could live in
freshwater and brackish water. The Botryococcus colonies that lived in fresh water are
small with small single cells arranged radially,
with undulant or indented edges. The Botryococcus colonies that lived in brackish water
are bigger, with larger single cells arranged
irregularly, with slippery contours. The most
of Botryococcus are discovered from the organic-rich argillaceous sediment with abundant pyrites in the semi- and deep-lake facies,
and shows they were preserved in low-energy
reducing environments. Taphonomic characteristics of various microfossils and the present of Pediastrum in the phytoplankton flora
indicate that they are in situ or near burial.
The lake area of the Ordos Basin was gradually expanding and reaching its most extensive
flood surface in the Ch 7 of Yanchang Formation interval during the Middle and Late Triassic, with warm climate, plentiful rainfall, and
luxuriant vegetation, as determined by the environmental analysis with Botryococcus in
Xifeng area. The presence of two ecological
types of Botryococcus indicates that the salinity of lake water was fluctuating in the Ch 7
interval. The occurrence of symbiotic acritarchs and geochemical salinity indices show
that the Ordos Lake was a typical fresh-water
lake, which was gradually desalted, and its
salinity fluctuation was narrow during the
Mid-Later Triassic. The ecological type of the
palynological flora discovered from the Ch 7
to Ch 8 in Xifeng area is similar to that from
the Fuxian Lake, with abundant Botryococcus
in the Yungui Plateau of China. These findings imply that the Ordos Basin was in a
lower-latitude area of temperate to subtropical
climate during the Middle and Late Triassic.
2010030111
太平洋北部新生代硅藻化石带及其地层对
比意义 = The Cenozoic diatom zonation and
its significance for stratigraphic correlations in
the North Pacific. (英文). Gladenkov A Yu.
Paleontological Journal, 2006, 40 (Supplement 5): S571-S583 9 图版.
35
The current state of the North Pacific Cenozoic diatom zonation is reviewed. The high
resolution of diatom zonation is shown, which
is comparable to that of groups of calcareous
planktonic microfossils. The significance of
diatom assemblages for the dating and correlation of various Tertiary marine sediments in
the North Pacific is discussed. Recent examples of subdivision of the Oligocene-Neogene
sequences of this region and dating of geological events on the zonal basis are given.
2010030112
格陵兰北部中寒武世石内蓝藻细菌 = Endolithic cyanobacteria from the Middle Cambrian of North Greenland. (英文). Stockfors
M; Peel J S. GFF, 2005, 127(3): 179-185
Borings in carbonate grains attributed to the
endolithic cyanobacterium Eohyella are described from the Middle Cambrian Henson
Gletscher Formation of North Greenland. Four
morphotypes are recognised, both in thin section and as three-dimensional phosphatic replicas etched from the host rock with acetic
acid. The borings are described in open nomenclature due to the lack of detail concerning cell shape and size. The assemblage indicates a diversity of euendoliths in the Middle
Cambrian which can be readily compared with
living species of Hyella and other described
fossil Eohyella.
2010030113
类 特 提斯 中部 helicosphaera ampliaperta
（钙质超微化石） 的形态变化: 生物地层
和古地理应用 = Morphometrical variability
of Helicosphaera ampliaperta (calcareous
nannoplankton) in the Central Paratethys: biostratigraphic and paleogeographic applications.
(英文). Holcova K. Neues Jahrbuch fur Geologie u. Palaontologie / Abhandlungen, 2009,
253(2-3): 341-356
Biometrical variability of the calcarous
nannofossil specie Helicosphaera ampliaperta
was evaluated for 1021 helicoliths from the
Early Miocene of the Central Paratethys.
Morphometrica changes of helicoliths expressed by their length and width of central
opening are gradual Three morphogroups can
be separated. Five Helicosphaera ampliaperta
biometrical events were recorded.
2010030114
全新世波罗的海沉积中硅质微藻类
Dictyocha speculum 和 Ebria tripartita：生
物标志物和古生态指示 = The siliceous mi-
croalgae Dictyocha speculum and Ebria tripartita as biomarkers and palaeoecological indicators in Holocene Baltic Sea sediments. (英
文). Westman P. GFF, 2000, 122(3): 287-292
The relative abundances of the silicoflagellate Dictyocha speculum Ehrenberg and the
ebridian Ebria tripartita (Schumann) Lemmermann within the total siliceous microfossil
flora were determined in four sediment cores
from the northwestern Baltic Sea covering the
last c. 8,000 years, and that of Ebria tripartita
in five short sediment cores from the southern
Baltic Sea covering the last c. 100-200 years
and in surface sediment samples from the
northern and central Baltic Sea representing
the years 1993 and 1997. In the present study
it is shown that D. speculum has a well defined acme (peak) zone confined to c. 5,5004,500 C-14 years BP, and it is suggested that
this may represent the most saline phase in the
Holocene history of the Baltic Sea. Ebria tripartita, on the other hand, has no distinct acme
zone in the cores, although a slight increase in
its relative abundance occurs c. 2.000-1,500
C-14 years BP in the three cores covering this
period. It is also shown that there is no coherent trend in the abundance of E. tripartita during the most recent centuries, but that the
variations seem to be confined to periods
when there were major changes in diatom assemblages. It is concluded that E. tripartita is
useful neither as a biomarker nor as a palaeoenvironmental indicator in the Baltic Sea.
It is argued that the diatom assemblages, the
resuspension effect, year to year fluctuations
in bloom and the patchiness of the blooms are
the main factors controlling the relative abundance of E. tripartita skeletons in Baltic Sea
sediments.
2010030115
与古新世晚期极热事件伴生的南北半球沟
鞭藻胞囊组合改变 = Southern and Northern
Hemisphere dinoflagellate cyst assemblage
changes in association with the late Paleocene
thermal maximum. (英文). Crouch E M; Bujak J P; Brinkhuis H. GFF, 2000, 122(1): 4041
2010030116
西西伯利亚以及毗邻地区（Petchora 洼地
和 Turgay 沟地）的古新世-始新世沟鞭藻
生物地层和古地理意义 = Biostratigraphical
and paleogeographical significance of the Paleocene-Eocene dinoflagellates in Western
Siberia and adjacent regions (Petchora depres36
sion and Turgay trough). (英文). Iakovleva A
I. GFF, 2000, 122(1): 82-83
2010030117
乌拉尔极区边缘西部的始新世早期硅藻序
列新数据;生物地层学和古地理启示 = New
data on early Eocene diatom successions of
the West Polar Urals margin: Biostratigraphic
and paleogeographic implications. ( 英 文 ).
Oreshkina T V. GFF, 2000, 122(1): 124-126
2010030118
北海盆地南部古新世-始新世之交沟鞭藻胞
囊 事 件 和 沉 积 历 史 = Dinoflagellate cyst
events and depositional history of the Paleocene/Eocene boundary interval in the southern
North Sea Basin. ( 英 文 ). Steurbaut E; De
Coninck J; Dupuis C; King C. GFF, 2000,
122(1): 154-157
2010030119
坦桑尼亚潘德组（基尔瓦群）上始新统到
下渐新统钙质超微化石（定鞭藻纲 ）的完
好保存 = Exceptionally well preserved upper
Eocene to lower Oligocene calcareous nannofossils (prymnesiophyceae) from the Pande
Formation (Kilwa group), Tanzania. (英文).
Dunkley Jones T; Bown P R; Pearson P N.
Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, 2009,
7(4): 359-411
The most well preserved and diverse upper
Eocene to lower Oligocene assemblage of calcareous
nannofossils
(coccolithophores)
known to date is described from the Pande
Clays, Kilwa Group, Tanzania. The assemblage is exceptionally diverse, with a total of
115 species described herein, which significantly exceeds the current globally compiled
nannofossil species diversity of 67 for the latest Eocene (NP19/20). The enhanced diversity
observed in these sections is concentrated in
the numerous Rhabdosphaeraceae (20 species),
Syracosphaeraceae and holococcolith taxa (19
species) that are unknown from any other contemporaneous location. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) studies reveal exquisite preservation down to the sub-micron scale in
many of these taxa, including the architecture
of <3 mu m holococcoliths and the details of
grills and processes in other very small fragile
taxa - a size class which is rarely preserved
even in Recent sediments. A distinct assemblage of at least four specialist lower-photic
zone taxa - three Gladiolithus species and Algirosphaera fabaceus - is present in these
sediments. The occurrence of these highly
specialised coccoliths in the Palaeogene sediments of Tanzania extends their previously
known late Quaternary fossil record by tens of
millions of years. The controls on the exquisite preservation of such a diverse nannofossil
assemblage are difficult to determine but we
speculate that a diverse open-ocean, oligotrophic coccolithophore assemblage was being
rapidly buried and sealed within a clay-rich
facies that is more characteristic of shelfenvironments, a combination that, to date,
makes the Palaeogene sediments of Tanzania
unique. One new genus, Pocillithus, is described, consisting of very small spine-bearing
muroliths that may be related to extant narrow-rimmed muroliths of uncertain affinity.
Ten new species are described: Pocillithus
spinulifer, Reticulofenestra macmillanii, Calcidiscus parvus, Syracosphaera monechiae,
Syracosphaera raffiae, Blackites cutter,
Blackites shafikii, Acanthoica backmanii, Orthozygus occultus and Orthozygus arcus.
2010030120
Tetradium Dana, 1846 的生物亲缘、表型
变异和古生态 = Biological affinity, phenotypic variation and palaeoecology of Tetradium Dana, 1846. (英文). Steele-Petrovich H
M. Lethaia, 2009, 42(4): 383-392
Comparisons of morphologies and modes of
life of the Ordovician fossil Tetradium Dana,
1846, with chaetetid sponges, tabulate corals,
and Recent rhodophytes show that several defining Tetradium characteristics are incompatible with its chaetetid and tabulate classifications. All Tetradium characteristics fit a
rhodophyte identification, however, as a calcified uniaxial corticated florideophyte. It is argued from functional morphology that the
fundamental subsquare cross-section of the
Tetradium tube is an adaptation for close
packing, which implies that the basic growth
form is compact and should have developed
where conditions were optimal. More open
forms are derived from it and probably occupied less-favourable environments.
Palaeoecological studies from the Ottawa
Valley, Canada, show that the Tetradium
growth form is correlated with environmental
stress and became more open as salinity increased: i.e. the compact T. fibratum form
lived in normal marine conditions, radiating
bundles of T. cellulosum tubes in low to middle hypersalinity and single T. syringoporoides tubes in high hypersalinity. Different
Tetradium growth forms from the study area
are phenotypic variants of a single species,
37
rather than different species and genera.
Therefore, classifications that divide Tetradium into different species and genera based
only on growth form have no biological basis.
There is little evidence of interspecific interactions with Tetradium.
2010030121
德国西南部和瑞士北部阿林阶典型地区中
侏罗统 Opalinuston 组沟鞭藻胞囊生物地
层 = Dinoflagellate cyst biostratigraphy of the
Opalinuston Formation (Middle Jurassic) in
the Aalenian type area in southwest Germany
and north Switzerland. ( 英 文 ). FeistBurkhardt S; Pross J. Lethaia, 2010, 43(1):
10-31
In order to provide a detailed dinoflagellate
cyst stratigraphy of the Lower Aalenian
Opalinuston Formation from the Aalenian
type area, 68 samples from four boreholes and
one outcrop section were analysed. The sample localities are Hausen an der Fils and Wittnau in southwest Germany, Weiach in north
Switzerland and Mont Russelin in the Swiss
Jura Mountains. Dinoflagellate cyst assemblages were recovered from the Late Toarcian
Aalensis Zone to the Late Aalenian Murchisonae Zone. The samples yielded rich, wellpreserved and diverse assemblages with 51
dinoflagellate cyst taxa identified in total. The
dinoflagellate cyst distribution data obtained
from this study allow a high-resolution biostratigraphical subdivision of the lowermost
Middle Jurassic Opalinuston Formation into
four palynostratigraphical units. First and last
occurrences, acmes and consistent presence of
the species Batiacasphaera sp. A, Evansia cf.
granochagrinata, Kallosphaeridium praussii,
Nannoceratopsis triangulata, Phallocysta?
frommernensis and Wallodinium laganum
were selected as the criteria for defining these
units. The obtained high-resolution palynostratigraphical scheme provides a basis for
establishing and further refining early Middle
Jurassic biostratigraphy in the Boreal and
Tethyan realms.
2010030122
摩 洛 哥 大 西 洋 盆 地 侏 罗 纪 Megaporella
boulangeri Deloffre & Beun, 1986(粗枝藻)
的分布 = Distribution of Megaporella boulangeri Deloffre and Beun, 1986, (dasycladale
alga) in the Jurassic of the Moroccan Atlantic
basin. (英文). Bouaouda M S; Barattolo F;
Kharrim M R; El Kamar A. Revista espanola
de Micropaleontologia, 2009, 52(2): 107-122
The lower limit of the extension of this
dasycladale alga, earlier attribued to the Early
Kimmeridgian by Deloffre and Beun, iscurrently placed in the Early Callovian, on the
basis of the age provided by Megaporella boulangeri biozone. The Otternstella arabica biozone dates the upper limit of the extension of
the species of the Early Oxfirdian. Megaporella boulangeri proliferates in the borders
of the basin where the internal lagoons facies
dominate, however it is absent in the western
parts with open sea facies.
真 菌
2010030123
早泥盆世生态系统植物地衣共生菌
Glomites 属种描述 = Species of the genus
Glomites as plant mycobionts in Early Devonian ecosystems. ( 英 文 ). Karatygin I V;
Snigirevskaya N S; Demchenko K N. Paleontological Journal, 2006, 40(5): 572-579 2 图
版.
Members of the genus Glomites played a
prominent role as plant mycobionts in the
Early Devonian paleoecosystems. Remains of
fossil fungi are studied from silicified tissues
of the axial organs of several specimens of the
Early Devonian Rhynia gwynne-vaughanii
Kidston et Lang and Aglaophyton major (Kidston et Lang) Edwards. Among them a symbiont of vesicular-arbuscular endomycorrhiza,
the fungus Glomites, is studied. The morphology of its mycelium, vesicles, glomoid spores,
and sporocarps is described in detail. The information obtained allows the description of a
new species, Glomites sporocarpoides Karatygin, Snigirevskaya, K. Demchenko et Zdebska. This is the third species of this genus and
the first species with sporocarps from Devonian deposits. Fungal sporocarps have been
found in both dying plant tissues and in dispersed plant remains. Developmental stages of
glomoid spores are revealed. G. sporocarpoides is characterized by the presence of both
symbiotic and distinct pathogenic features.
Similarities and dissimilarities in the formation of ancient and modern endomycorrhizae
are discussed.
2010030124
晚 Riphean 世真菌化石 = Fungal remains
from the Late Riphean. (英文). Hermann T N;
Podkovyrov V N. Paleontological Journal, 2006, 40(2): 207-214 5 图版.
The paper describes organic remains of one
billion years old from the Lakhanda microbi38
ota of the Uchur-Maya Region of southeastern
Siberia. The microfossils were discovered on
organic sapropelic films. The preserved morphological characters and some developmental
stages of the ancient organisms, which are
fixed in fossil state, suggest that some of them
resembled zygomycetes. Other microfossils
under consideration are comparable to reproductive structures of myxomycetes in the type
of fusion of spheroid cells and formation of
various types of aggregation (sori). Colonies
of unicellular microfossils that are arranged in
a branching pseudomycelium superficially
resemble yeasts. The presence in the same
biota of fungal remains belonging to the
Myxomycota and Mycota, as well as members
of xanthophyte vaucherian algae, indicates
that various branches of eukaryotes might
have developed in parallel even earlier than
the Late Riphean.
地衣植物与苔藓植物
2010030125
最 古 老 的 陆 地 地 衣 Winfrenatia
reticulata ： 新 发 现 和 新 解 释 = The most
ancient terrestrial lichen Winfrenatia reticulata:
A new find and new interpretation. (英文).
Karatygin I V; Snigirevskaya N S; Vikulin S
V. Paleontological Journal, 2009, 43(1): 107114 3 图版.
Silicified fossils from Rhynie cherts in
Scotland are studied. A lichen belonging to
the genus Winfrenatia is detected and studied.
This oldest terrestrial lichen is dated to the
Pragian (=Siegenian) of the Early Devonian.
New characters of the lichen are described,
and their new interpretation is given. The
main component of the lichen thallus is a filamentous cyanobacterium (Nostocales). Structures which were interpreted as fungal hyphae
are probably hollow sheaths of this cyanobacterium. Mycobiont hyphae develop at the base
of the thallus and symbiose with a coccoid
cyanobacterium. Thus, Winfrenatia reticulata
is a three-parted organism, constituted of a
mycobiont and filamentous and coccoid
cyanobacteria.
蕨类植物（广义）
2010030126
阿根廷中侏罗世 La Matilde 组一个新的具
繁 殖 器 官 的 木 贼 科 化 石 = A new fertile
Equisetaceae From La Matilde Formation,
Middle Jurassic, Argentina. (其他). Falaschi P;
Zamuner A B; Foix N. Ameghiniana: Revista
de la asociacion Paleontologica Argentina, 2009, 46(2): 263-272
Here we describe impressions of vegetative
and fertile organs of Equisetaceae coming
from the Monumento Natural Bosques Petrificados locality, La Matilde Formation (Middle
Jurassic), Santa Cruz Province. They are very
frequent in tuffaceous laminated levels with
assymmetrical
ripple
marks,
microcrossbedding and bioturbations associated
with shallow lacustrine environment. Stems
are herbaceous, grass-like and have extremely
small dimensions: diameter 1,3 mm, internodes 0,9 cm long, cross section hexagonal
with 6 carinae and valeculae and 6 leaves per
node fused into a leaf sheath. No branching
was observed. The material is mostly vegetative, but three specimens with mature strobili
show hexagonal, verticilate sporangiophores.
The observed characters allow us to assign
them to a new species of Equisetites: E. minimus n.sp. The sterns lie parallel to the bedding
planes or cross them suggesting life position.
They probably grew in dense, monotypic
communities, with an essentially vegetative
reproduction.
2010030127
意大利 Kühwiesenkopf 白云岩安尼西阶植
物 群 一 种 孢 子 叶 球 新 属 种 ： Lugardonia
paradoxa 及其基于孢子超微结构推测的亲
缘 关 系 = Lugardonia paradoxa gen. et sp.
nov., a new strobilus from the Anisian flora of
Kühwiesenkopf, the Dolomites, Italy and its
affinities with emphasis on spore ultrastructure. (英文). Kustatscher E; Hemsley A; Cittert J H A V K. Review of Palaeobotany and
Palynology, 2009, 156(1-2): 90-97 3 图版.
Lugardonia paradoxa gen. et sp. nov., a
new strobilus with in situ spores from the Anisian flora of Kühwiesenkopf, the Dolomites,
Italy, is described. These strobili show the
general gross morphology of a gymnosperm
(e.g. a seed fern) inflorescence with male organs consisting of pollen sacs on short stalks.
However, they yield large trilete spores (c.
100 µm in diameter), almost circular in equatorial outline, with a smooth inner layer and a
granulate–verrucate outer layer (similar to
exospore and perispore in fern spores). These
spores suggest a pteridophyte rather than a
gymnosperm affinity. Because of either macromorphological characters or spore morphology (based on light microscope (LM), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis,
most plant groups are ruled out as possible
39
parent plants for these strobili. Only the ferns
and seed ferns might be considered as potential parent plants. The possible affinities of
these strobili within the ferns and seedferns
are discussed in detail, with special emphasis
on the ultrastructural features of the in situ
spores. However, no definite conclusions can
be drawn, although a fern affinity appears to
be the more likely one based on spore morphology.
2010030128
中国河北早侏罗世的双扇蕨类及其原位孢
子 = A dipteridaceous fern with in situ spores
from the Lower Jurassic in Hubei, China. (英
文). Guignard G; Wang Y D; Ni Q; Tian N;
Jiang Z K. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2009, 156(1-2): 104-115 4 图版.
Dictyophyllum, a genus of the fern family
Dipteridaceae, was widespread during the Triassic and Jurassic. However, the in situ spores
are relatively poorly known. The specimens
described here represent the first report of fertile fronds with in situ spores from Asia. Wellpreserved and compressed specimens of the
dipteridaceous fern Dictyophyllum nilssonii
(Brongniart) Goeppert were investigated from
the type locality of the Hsiangchi Flora in
western Hubei province, southern China, collected from the upper part of the Lower Jurassic Hsiangchi Formation. Sporangia and in
situ spores were examined using light and
electron microscopes. The sporangia are
rounded, 300–450 µm in diameter, with an
oblique annulus. Each sporangium produces
220–280 trilete spores. These are triangular to
subtriangular in outline, 40 µm in average diameter, with smooth exines, as well as interradial thickenings along the laesura situated on
the proximal surface. The in situ spores are
comparable to the dispersed trilete spore genus Dictyophyllidites. Preliminary observations on the ultrastructure of the in situ spores
are reported, which supply clues for further
investigation of the systematics and phylogeny
of the Dipteridaceae. In addition, the ecological implications of Dictyophyllum and its associated ferns are briefly discussed.
2010030129
中国的里白科蕨类：生物多样性、分类
学、孢子超微结构及演化 = The fossil Gleicheniaceous ferns of China: Biodiversity, systematics, spore ultrastructure and evolution.
(英文). Wang Y D; Yang X J; Guignard G;
Deng S H; Tian N; Jiang Z K. Review of Pa-
laeobotany and Palynology, 2009, 156(1-2):
139-156 9 图版.
The Gleicheniaceae is an ancient leptosporangiate fern family with fossil records dating
back to the Palaeozoic. Fossil gleicheniaceous
plants in China have received much attention
and it has been suggested they play an important role for understanding the origin and evolution of the Gleicheniaceae. In this paper, the
fossil diversity of gleicheniaceous plants is
analyzed based upon systematic review of 27
species ascribed to six genera of fossils recorded from the Permo-Carboniferous to Cretaceous/Tertiary of China. The reproductive
structures, including sori, sporangia, annuli
and in situ spores (including their ultrastructure) are especially emphasized and discussed
in a systematic and evolutionary context. The
palaeogeographical distribution and stratigraphical ranges of these fossils are investigated based on detailed fossil records at the
species level. Our study indicates that fossil
gleicheniaceous plants in China have undergone evolutionary processes that include origin, decline, recovery and radiation, during
different episodes from the Carboniferous to
Cretaceous/Tertiary.
2010030130
捷克共和国 Bolsovian 的克拉德夫–拉科夫
尼克盆地一种压实草本石松新种
Selaginella labutae 及其孢子 = Selaginella
labutae sp. nov., a new compression herbaceous lycopsid and its spores from the
Kladno–Rakovník Basin, Bolsovian of the
Czech Republic. (英文). Bek J; Libertín M;
Drábková J. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2009, 155(3-4): 101-115 6 图版.
A new herbaceous lycopsid, compression
species, Selaginella labutae, sp. nov., is described from the Libušín (former Schőller)
Mine, near Kladno, Kladno–Rakovník Basin,
Czech Republic. The characterization is based
on macroscopic observations and the study of
in situ spores. The stratigraphic position of the
type material is the Radnice Member, Bolsovian, Pennsylvanian. Strobili of S. labutae are
the smallest known herbaceous lycopsid cones.
Two types of leaves are recognised. Therefore,
the new species belongs to Selaginella subgen.
Selaginella and not to the subgenus Hexaphyllum Thomas which is characterized by three
different types of leaves. Poorly preserved in
situ megaspores are of the Triangulatisporitestype and in situ microspores are compared to
the dispersed spore species Cirratriradites
saturni.
40
2010030131
捷克共和国宾夕法尼亚阶的一种亚树木型
的石松新种 Spencerites leismanii 及其孢子
= Spencerites leismanii sp. nov., a new subarborescent compression lycopsid and its
spores from the Pennsylvanian of the Czech
Republic. ( 英 文 ). Bek J; Libertín M;
Drábková J. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2009, 155(3-4): 116-132 8 图版.
A new sub-arborescent lycopsid species
Spencerites leismanii sp. nov. is proposed for
compression specimens yielding spores of the
Spencerisporites-type. Macrofossils of Spencerites leismanii were studied as well as in
situ spores. All specimens are from the Tlustice relict within the Bolsovian strata of the
Radnice Member, Pennsylvanian. Spencerites
leismanii is interpreted as a relatively small
sub-arborescent lycopsid – probably more
than 1 m high – with at least three orders of
branching. Its sporangia are borne singly on
peltate sporophylls, attached distally by a narrow base. In situ pseudosaccate trilete spores
possess striate sculpture on the proximal and
distal surfaces of the central body. The pseudosaccus is reticulate with a narrow rim on the
margin. Spores isolated from Spencerites
leismanii can be classified as Spencerisporites
cf. striatus. A reconstruction of Spencerites
leismanii is presented and palaeoecology of
Spencerites species from the Czech Republic
is discussed.
2010030132
捷克共和国宾夕法尼亚阶产出首个产
Pteroretis 型孢子的楔叶目孢子叶球压型化
石 = The first compression Pteroretisproducing sphenophyllalean cones, Pennsylvanian of the Czech Republic. (英文). Bek J;
Libertín M; Owens B; McLean D; Oliwkiewicz-Miklasińska M. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2009, 155(3-4):
159-174 7 图版.
Two new sphenophyllalean species, Bowmanites weissii sp. nov. and Bowmanites taylorii sp. nov., are described from the Kladno–
Rakovník and Intra-Sudetic basins of the
Czech Republic. The macromorphology of the
plants and in situ spores of the cones were
studied. The stratigraphical range of the
specimens is from the Duckmantian to the
Early Bolsovian. Specimens are the first compression specimens of strobili to yield peculiar
operculate spores of the Pteroretis-type. All
previously reported Pteroretis-producing
cones are petrifactions from coal-balls. Sterile
stems associated with the cones usually have
nine lanceolate leaves, each with a single vein,
arranged into whorls. Older stems possess
leaves divided into narrow lanceolate lobes.
The peculiar morphology of Pteroretis spores
is described in detail, including the proximal
operculum, primary and secondary ridges, and
wing-like extensions. In situ and dispersed
spores of the Pteroretis-type and their parent
plants are discussed and reviewed.
2010030133
北冰洋始新世满江红属淡水蕨（满江红
科 ） 的 一 个 新 种 = A new species of the
freshwater fern Azolla (Azollaceae) from the
Eocene Arctic Ocean. (英文). Collinson M E;
Barke J; Burgh J; Cittert J H A K. Review of
Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2009, 155(1-2):
1-14 6 图版.
A new fossil species of the freshwater fern
Azolla (Azollaceae, Salviniales) is described
from an unusual setting of high palaeolatitude
in the Arctic Ocean. Azolla arctica sp. nov.,
(lower Middle Eocene, Lomonosov Ridge) is
represented by fully developed megaspore
apparatuses with attached microspore massulae and clustered and dispersed microspore
massulae. These abundant co-occurring fossils,
combined with their associated biota, demonstrate that Azolla was growing and reproducing on a freshwater surface of the Eocene Arctic Ocean. Azolla arctica is compared with
other fossil Azolla species, especially those
from around Arctic and Nordic Seas. It documents new characteristics for the genus. The
megaspore apparatus is small with a thin
megaspore wall and a distinctive exoperine
where nodular exoperinal masses fuse at several levels resulting in a rugulate, undulating,
punctate to foveolate exoperine surface.
Microspore massulae have two size classes of
glochidia, short (< 25 µm) and long (> 55 µm),
the anchor-shaped tips lack recurved flukes.
These distinctive characters provide the potential to recognise Azolla arctica as fragmentary
remains in palynological preparations from
drill cores. Therefore, future comparisons with
other fossils will reveal if a single species
grew across the Arctic Ocean and if freshwater spills from the Arctic spread into the Nordic Seas.
2010030134
中国南部四川省早泥盆世原定为
Leclercqia complexa（石松类）的标本的
41
再考量 = Reconsideration of a specimen attributed to Leclercqia complexa (Lycopsida)
from the Lower Devonian of Sichuan, South
China. (英文). Xu H H; Wang Q. Review of
Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2009, 153(3-4):
331-335 2 图版.
The specimen of Leclercqia complexa previously described by Geng from the Early Devonian Pingyipu Group of Sichuan Province,
South China was re-investigated. The result
demonstrated that the plant bears threedimensional microphylls with as many as 12
segments and adaxial, oval-elongate sporangia,
showing a more complicated morphology than
any other taxon of the order Protolepidodendrales. Although new observations do not confirm the previous designation to Leclercqia, it
is not appropriate to establish a new taxon
based on the only single poorly preserved
specimen.
2010030135
满江红属的单个种真的在始新世从北极盆
区散布到了北海南部吗？ = Did a single
species of Eocene Azolla spread from the Arctic Basin to the southern North Sea?. (英文).
Collinson M E; Barke J; Burgh J; Cittert J H
A K; Heilmann-Clausen C; Howard L E;
Brinkhuis H. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2010, 159(3-4): 152-165 5 图版.
Recent Arctic drilling has revealed that the
freshwater surface-floating heterosporous fern
Azolla arctica Collinson et al. (Azollaceae,
Salviniales) bloomed and reproduced in the
Arctic Ocean on a massive scale during the
early Middle Eocene. These blooms have been
suggested to have been capable of significant
drawdown of atmospheric CO2 paving the
way to Cenozoic climatic cooling. Sites of
similar age across the Arctic and Nordic Seas
also contain Azolla fossils suggestive of an
area much larger than the Arctic Ocean being
affected by Azolla blooms, as far south as
Denmark. Here we investigate the Danish occurrences known from the Lillebælt Clay
Formation, transitional Ypresian/Lutetian in
age (latest Early Eocene to earliest Middle
Eocene). The Lillebælt Clay is a marine deposit rich in diverse organic-walled dinoflagellate cysts yet conspicuously characterized by
abundant co-occurring and interconnected
fully mature Azolla megaspores and microspore massulae. Perhaps surprisingly, we find
that multiple morphological and ultrastructural
characters distinguish the Danish Azolla species from Azolla arctica and it is here de-
scribed as Azolla jutlandica sp. nov. Therefore,
contrary to expectations given the overlapping
age of these assemblages, it appears that not a
single Azolla species has spread from the Arctic to the Southern North Sea either through
freshwater spills from the Arctic Ocean or as a
result of rapid spread due to highly invasive
biology. Apparently Northern Hemisphere
middle and high latitude conditions near the
termination of a period known as the Early
Eocene Climatic Optimum (EECO) were suitable for proliferation of two different Azolla
species, one in the Arctic Ocean and one in
the southern North Sea.
2010030136
南极洲中央横贯山脉的新属新种 Lakkosia
kerasata，一个完全矿化的舌羊齿属大孢子
穗结构 = Lakkosia Kerasata Gen. et sp. nov.,
A Permineralized Megasporangiate Glossopterid Structure From The Central Transantarctic Mountains, Aantarctica. (英文). Ryberg P
E. International Journal of Plant Sciences, 2010, 171(3): 332-344
Permineralized reproductive structures have
been known from Antarctica for the past four
decades. No formal descriptions have been
available for this material, however, leaving a
gap in our knowledge of the glossopterid clade.
Lakkosia kerasata gen. et sp. nov. is a multiovulate, megasporangiate structure found in
silicified peat from the Upper Permian Skaar
Ridge locality in the central Transantarctic
Mountains. Ovules are borne in depressions
on the adaxial surface of the megasporophyll
and enclosed in thin strips of tissue that arise
from the sporophyll. Transfusion tissue with
scalariform wall thickenings is present in the
sporophyll and may have acted as storage or
conducting tissue. In longitudinal sections of
the ovules, the sclerotesta forms two appressed, hemispherical masses of lignified
parenchyma cells, which create the micropyle.
Tissue of the sarcotesta overarches these parenchymatous masses, creating a chamber
above the micropyle. Lakkosia is compared to
previously described permineralized glossopterid structures from Antarctica, permineralized reproductive structures from the Bowen
Basin of Australia, and impression material
found in Antarctica.
2010030137
库克蕨属的新的定义和选型标本 = A New
Definition and A Lectotypification of the Genus Cooksonia Lang 1937. (英文). Gonez P;
42
Gerrienne P. International Journal of Plant
Sciences, 2010, 171(2): 199-215
The genus Cooksonia Lang 1937 includes
some of the earliest land plants. Specimens of
Cooksonia pertoni Lang 1937 are considered
the earliest Eutracheophytes. The definition of
the genus is thus central to the delineation of
the clade. However, the generic diagnosis is
problematic. It is not restrictive enough, and
most of the few diagnostic characters are plesiomorphic. Observations on new specimens
of Cooksonia paranensis Gerrienne et al. 2001,
a species very close to C. pertoni, considered
along with a compilation of the Cooksonia
literature, allow us to propose more precise
diagnostic characters. An allometric study was
performed on more than 100 specimens of C.
paranensis. This study allows discrimination
of true morphological variations from growth
stages. The growth habit of Cooksonia is discussed. An emended diagnosis including
apomorphic characters is given for the genus,
as well as a lectotypification of the genus and
the type-species.
2010030138
晚泥盆世的 Denglongia hubeiensis 的解剖
特征，以及枝叶蕨内系统关系的讨论 =
Anatomy of the Late Devonian Denglongia
Hubeiensis, With a Discussion of the Phylogeny of the Cladoxylopsida. (英文). Xue J Z;
Hao S G; Basingery J F. International Journal
of Plant Sciences, 2010, 171(1): 107-120
A previous study of the Late Devonian
cladoxylopsid Denglongia hubeiensis Xue et
Hao provided a detailed morphological description, while new material from the type
locality of the Huangjiadeng Formation,
Hubei Province, China, reported here reveals
details of anatomy. Main axes are actinostelic
in transverse sections, showing a primary xylem column with five or six xylem ribs separated by deep embayments. First-order axes
have a deeply ribbed primary xylem column
with four xylem ribs. Each stelar rib has two
permanent, mesarch protoxylem strands near
its periphery. Tracheids interpreted as protoxylem show annular or helical thickenings.
Metaxylem tracheids have scalariform and
elliptical bordered pits. Anatomically, Denglongia is more similar to the iridopteridaleans
than to other plants in the actinostele, the peripheral protoxylem strands, the disintegration
of protoxylem tracheids, and the pitting pattern of metaxylem tracheids. The phylogeny
of the Cladoxylopsida was evaluated by parsimony and Bayesian cladistic analyses. The
results showed that the Pseudosporochnales
constitute a very robust monophyletic group
supported by a suite of characters: the presence of arborescence; digitate branching;
straight tips of sterile ultimate appendages;
dissected primary xylem; elliptical to strapshaped primary xylem strands; and sclereids
in the cortex. The monophyly of the Iridopteridales is questioned in that the previously
suggested defining characters, whorled
branching and peripheral protoxylem strands,
are considered more plesiomorphic in the
cladistic context. The relationship between the
iridopteridaleans and the sphenophyllaleans is
weakly supported. The Bayesian analysis recognized a tentative "iridopteridalean-based
group," in which the iridopteridaleans, Denglongia, Metacladophyton Wang et Geng,
Polypetalophyton Geng, and their probable
relatives are nested within an unresolved polytomy.
2010030139
亚利桑那州晚三叠世 Cynepteris 属一新
种：对莎草蕨科的早期分异的一个潜在暗
示 = A New Cynepteris from the Upper Triassic of Arizona: Potential Implications for the
Early Diversification of Schizaealean Ferns.
(英文). Axsmith B J. International Journal of
Plant Sciences, 2009, 170(5): 657-665
Cynepteris bolichii is proposed as a new
species of the monogeneric fern family
Cynepteridaceae on the basis of a single, wellarticulated specimen from the Upper Triassic
Chinle Formation in Petrified Forest National
Park, Arizona. The specimen consists of an
erect rhizome with at least eight attached
fronds. As for the other three known
Cynepteris species, C. bolichii pinnae exhibit
reticulate venation and scattered, solitary, exindusiate sporangia on their abaxial surfaces.
Each sporangium is ovoid to pyriform with a
short, thick stalk and a complete, apical, caplike annulus consisting of a single row of cells
surrounding a multicellular distal plate. These
sporangial features are similar to those of several fossil and extant schizaealean ferns.
Cynepteris bolichii differs from other
Cynepteris species mainly in having oncepinnate fronds with abundant, elongate hairs
on the rachises and veins. Most recent estimates of fern phylogeny consider the Jurassic
fossils Stachypteris, Klukiopsis, and Klukia as
the oldest fossil representatives of the
Schizaeales. It is here proposed that
Cynepteris should be considered as a probable
Late Triassic record of the order. Features
43
such as reticulate venation, scattered sporangia, and lack of fertile/sterile frond dimorphism are rare and scattered among other fossil and extant ferns currently attributed to the
Schizaeales, underscoring the importance of
fossils for understanding the early divergence,
ancestral morphology, and biogeography of
ancient plants groups like the ferns.
ate sculptures survive the standard treatment
of maceration of the perispore. Our data confirm the primitive status of the species with a
great number of spores per sporangium, thick
unsculptured exospore consisting of two ultrastructural layers, and the possibility that whole
sporangia with unshed spores can function as
dispersal units.
2010030140
莫斯科中部 Atotonilco El Grande 组上新世
晚期木贼属（木贼目） = An Upper Pliocene Equisetum (Equisetales) from the Atotonilco El Grande Formation in Central Mexico. (英文). Silva-Pineda A; Velasco-de Leon
M P; Aguilar F J; Chacon E. Paleontological
Journal, 2009, 43(2): 216-225 2 图版.
The present work documents the occurrence
of Equisetum in the Upper Pliocene deposits
of Central Mexico, describing and comparing
fossil taxa with modern specimens. All taxonomic characters suggest a close affinity to the
modern species Equisetum myriochaetum
Schldl. et Cham. This work, which records the
first Upper Pliocene occurrence of Equisetum
in Central Mexico, confirms the wide distribution of the genus in high latitudes and more
humid climates.
2010030142
莫斯科台坳早石炭世一石松植物新发现：
Novgorodendron conophorum 新属和新种
= A new lycopod, Novgorodendron conophorum gen. et sp. nov., from the Lower Carboniferous of the Moscow Syneclise. ( 英 文 ).
Gordenko N V; Orlova O A; Snigirevsky S M.
Paleontological Journal, 2006, 40(2): 215223 5 图版.
A new lycopod, Novgorodendron conophorum gen. et sp. nov., is described from the
Upper Visean deposits of the Kamenka River,
near the town of Borovichi (Novgorod Region). The morphology of the leaf cushions of
the new plant implies its intermediate position
between the families Sublepidodendraceae
Chaloner et Boureau and Lepidodendraceae
Endlicher. The bases of the leaf cushions have
peculiar conical appendages, a previously unknown morphological feature not recorded
from other lycopods. We propose the term
basal conical appendages for them. The interpretation of some epidermal elements in the
leaf cushions of the Lepidodendraceae is revised. The structures of the leaf cushions that
were previously treated as either stomata or
cells with cystoliths are shown to be sunken
multicellular trichomes.
2010030141
中生代树蕨的原位孢子及分类问题 =
Spores in situ and problems of the classification of Mesozoic tree ferns. (英文). Shuklina
A S; Polevova S V. Paleontological Journal, 2007, 41(3): 312-318 6 图版.
Although tree ferns dominated the Mesozoic flora, their taxonomic relationships are
poorly understood at the generic level, and
next to nothing can be said of evolutionary
trends within the group. At least five genera
are recognized based on the remains of sporebearing structures. However, the dispersed
spores belong to the same generalized morphotype, and cannot be assigned to genera
based on macroscopic remains of fertile leaves.
Electron microscopy of spores in situ may
partly resolve these problems providing additional criteria for classification of sporebearing structures and disperse spores. We
studied in situ spores of the Early Cretaceous
Alsophilites nipponensis (Oishi) Krassilov,
which are comparable to dispersed spores Cyathidites minor Coup. Spore wall micromorphology and ultrastructure indicate their affinities with the modern genus Alsophila R.
Brown. Only occasional poorly preserved stri-
2010030143
中国北部侏罗纪一个新的双叶蕨羊齿
Hausmannia sinensis 繁殖器官和原位孢子
= Fertile organs and in situ spores of a new
dipteridaceous fern Hausmannia sinensis from
the Jurassic of northern China. (英文). Wang
Yongdong; Zhang Hong. Proceedings of the
Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 2010,
277(1679): 311-320
As a representative fossil member of the
dipteridaceous fern, genus Hausmannia was
reported worldwide from the Mesozoic strata;
however, little is known about the fertile
structures, including sporangia and in situ
spores, of this genus. In this study, a new species Hausmannia sinensis was identified from
the Middle Jurassic of Nei Mongol (Inner
Mongolia), northern China. The specimens are
44
compressions and are well preserved with details of sporangia and in situ spores. The leaf
laminae are broadly fan-shaped, with an almost entire margin. Primary and lateral veins
dichotomously branch to form square or polygonal meshes. Each ultimate mesh bears one
to two circular sori of 0.4 mm in diameter.
Sori are exindusiate; each sorus contains three
to six round to ovoid sporangia. The annulus
is developed and oblique, with stomial region
present in proximal position. Spores are trilete,
circular to oval in shape. Both proximal and
distal surfaces are covered with baculate to
subverrucate sculptures. Spores range from 20
to 30 μm in diameter (average 28 μm), and are
comparable to the dispersed genera Baculatisporites Thomas and Pflug and Apiculatisporis
Potonié and Kremp. Hausmannia sinensis
represents the first compression species of
genus Hausmannia form Eurasia, which
shows the combination of well-preserved sori,
sporangia, annuli and in situ spore characters,
and is therefore helpful for further understanding the diversity and evolution of the Dipteridaceae fern lineage through time.
2010030144
中 国 新 疆 北 部 中 泥 盆 世 石 松 类
Protolepidodendron scharyanum 标本的古
地理意义 = The palaeogeographical significance of specimens attributed to Protolepidodendron scharyanum Krejci (Lycopsida) from
the Middle Devonian of North Xinjiang,
China. (英文). Xu H H; Wang Y. Geological
Magazine, 2008, 145(2): 295-299
Morphology of the leaves of stem compressions originally attributed to Protolepidodendron scharyanum from the Middle Devonian
of North Xinjiang, China is reinvestigated.
The leaf is three-dimensional, consisting of
one central abaxial segment and four lateral
adaxial segments, and does not conform to the
once bifurcate leaf of Protolepidodendron.
Specimens are therefore transferred to Leclercqia cf. L. complexa. This is the first unequivocal report of the genus Leclercqia in
China based on complete leaf morphology.
The distribution of Leclercqia is discussed,
demonstrating a more or less cosmopolitan
genus in the Middle Devonian. The Middle
Devonian flora of North Xinjiang shows great
similarity to that of Venezuela and North
America, and almost no relationship with that
of Yunnan, South China.
2010030145
欧美成煤带的 Asturian（维斯法阶）石松
类植物地理学研究 = Phytogeography of Asturian (Westphalian D) lycophytes throughout
the Euramerican belt of coalfields. ( 英 文 ).
Thomas B A. Geological Magazine, 2007,
144(3): 457-463
A summary is given of the lycophyte species as distributed in fifteen Euramerican coalfields during Asturian (Westphalian D) times.
The datasets from the coalfields are analysed
using unweighted pair group cluster analyses
of Jaccard's Coefficients. Separate analyses
were done on the full dataset (the full list of
morphospecies) and on a more restricted dataset (only the morphospecies of vegetative organs). Three groupings of coalfields were resolved in the analyses. The two most clearly
defined groupings represented the intramontane basin coalfields, and the coalfields of the
lowland basins on the Variscan foreland
where the lycophyte floras are well documented. The third grouping included those
basins with less well-studied lycophyte floras,
where the apparently low species diversity has
undoubtedly affected the results. More work is
needed on these poorly documented floras to
produce a more rigorous phytogeographical
analysis.
2010030146
冈瓦那大陆 Leclercqia 植物（石松纲）：
对重建中泥盆世古地理的启示 = The plant
Leclercqia (Lycopsida) in Gondwana: implications for reconstructing Middle Devonian
palaeogeography. (英文). Meyer-Berthaud B;
Fairon-Demaret M; Steemans P; Talent J;
Gerrienne P. Geological Magazine, 2003,
140(2): 119-130
Abundant and well-preserved material of
the ligulate lycopsid genus Leclercqia is reported from a new Middle Devonian locality
in northeastern Queensland (Australia). The
plants occur in a chert horizon in the Storm
Hill Sandstone of the Dosey-Craigie Platform.
Lithological data and conodont analyses combined with information from in situ spores
provide an age for the plant levels ranging
from Eifelian, possibly Middle Eifelian, to
Early Givetian. Plant taxonomic identification
is based on vegetative and fertile stems that
display both external morphology and anatomy. This material represents the best documented occurrence of Leclercqia outside Laurussia and possibly the earliest in Gondwana;
it provides evidence that colonization of
Gondwana by the species L. complexa was
45
contemporaneous to that of Siberia and Kazakhstan. Analysis of the distribution patterns
of L. complexa suggests that it was adapted to
a wide range of environments, but within certain limits which we hypothesize to be those
of a climatic belt. Such considerations support
previous studies using other biological data,
such as faunas and palynomorphs, for reconstructing Devonian palaeogeography. They
favour a close proximity of Laurussia and
Gondwana rather than the occurrence of a
wide ocean separating the two palaeocontinents in Middle Devonian times.
2010030147
来自冈瓦那大陆（阿根廷）南半球高古纬
度 地 区 的中泥 盆 世 石松类 植 物 = Middle
Devonian lycopsids from high southern palaeolatitudes of Gondwana (Argentina). ( 英
文 ). Cingolani C A; Berry C M; Morel E;
Tomezzoli R. Geological Magazine, 2002,
139(6): 641-649
Fossil plants are described from the upper
part of the Devonian Lolen Formation, Sierra
de la Ventana, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina, in the area of Estancia Las Acacias. The
sequence is composed mainly of dark grey
shales, and fossils were found in a single horizon where thin inter-layered beds of fine reddish-brown micaceous sandstones appear
where the environment of marine deposition
became more shallow. The age of the Lolen
Formation is presently established on the basis
of brachiopods, these being characteristic
elements of the Malvinokaffric realm from the
Gondwana Lower Devonian (Emsian). The
fossil plants are remarkably preserved given
that they are in rocks that have undergone intense deformation. The plants are identified as
Haplostigma sp. and Haskinsia cf. H. colophylla, and suggest a Middle Devonian age
(Givetian) for the fossil-bearing levels.
Haskinsia, identified on the basis of leaf morphology, is the first well-delimited Middle
Devonian lycopsid genus described from Argentina, and the record from the most southerly palaeolatitude. During the Middle Devonian, Haskinsia was distributed in tropical,
warm temperate and high southern latitude, ?cool temperate zones.
2010030148
最早的石松类的年龄：澳大利亚维多利亚
志留纪 Baragwanathia 植物群 = The age of
the earliest club mosses: the Silurian Baragwanathia flora in Victoria, Australia. (英文).
Rickards R B. Geological Magazine, 2000,
137(2): 207-209
It is argued that there is overwhelming evidence from a good graptolite record that the
earliest club mosses on Earth were of Gorstian
(Ludlow, Silurian) age, and that Baragwanathia longifolia Lang & Cookson and its
associated flora persisted through the Pridoli
and into the early Devonian, showing some
changes during this time.
2010030149
麻黄属的整体化石植物及其对于买麻藤类
麻黄科的形态、生态和演化上的意义 =
Whole fossil plants of Ephedra and their implications on the morphology, ecology and
evolution of Ephedraceae (Gnetales). (英文).
Wang Xin; Zheng Shaolin. Chinese Science
Bulletin, 2010, 55(15): 1511-1519
Although there are many reports of fossil
Ephedraceae, whole plant fossil record remains rare. Due to a lack of trust on partially
preserved fossil materials, scholars working
on molecular clock proposed a recent origin of
Ephedra and cast doubt on the earlier origin
time of Ephedraceae. To better the understanding on this interesting group, here we
report whole plants of Ephedra hongtaoi sp.
nov. (Ephedraceae, Gnetales) from the Yixian
Formation (Early Cretaceous) in western
Liaoning, China. These whole plants of
Ephedra demonstrate clearly the characters of
Ephedra, including shrubby growth habit, decussate branching pattern, and terminal ovuliferous unit with micropylar tube. The wholeplant preservation of the fossils provides more
convincing fossil evidence of Early Cretaceous Ephedra, helps to resolve the controversy over the origin time of Ephedra, and
sheds light on the whole plant morphology,
growth habit, ecology and evolution of
Ephedraceae.
2010030150
里白科植物的系统发育和分歧时间估计—
—基于叶绿体三个基因序列的证据 = Phylogeny And Divergence Of Gleicheniaceae
Inferred From Three Plastid Genes. (中文). 李
春香;陆树刚;马俊业;杨群. 古生物学
报, 2010, 49(1): 64-72
里白科(Gleicheniaceae)是古老的真蕨类
植物,最早的化石记录可追溯到石炭纪。现
存类群的属级分类和系统演化关系一直存
在很大的分歧,为了进一步探讨该类群的起
源演化,文中运用最大简约法和贝叶斯演绎
方法对 18 种代表现存里白科植物全部 6 属
46
(包括新测的 12 种)的叶绿体 3 个编码基因
序列(atpB,rbcL 和 rps4)进行分析,探讨其主
要分类群(属级)的系统演化关系。结果显示,
里白科植物为一个单系群,由 3 个分支构成:
里 白 属 (Diplopterygium Nakai) 和
Gleichenia japonica 构成一个分支;芒萁
属 (Dicranopteris Bernh.) 和 Gleichenella
pectinata 构 成 另 一 个 分 支 ; 假 芒 萁 属
(Sticherus
C.Presl) 与 单 种 属
Stromatopteris Mettenius 及 Gleichenia
dicarpa 构成第三个分支。用宽松分子钟方
法推测里白科主要类群的起源时间为:现代
里白科植物起源于早白垩世(111—140Ma),
其主要分支类群随后发生多样性分化,里白
属和芒萁属的快速辐射演化均发生在古近
纪(40—64Ma,36—50Ma)。起源时间的估算
结果暗示化石种三叠里白 Displopterygium
triassica 不应归入现代里白属，其归属需
要重新考虑。
早期种子植物
2010030151
爱荷华州宾夕法尼亚阶的一种新的髓木类
胚 珠 ： Pachytesta crenulata = Pachytesta
crenulata, a new medullosan ovule from the
Pennsylvanian of Iowa. (英文). Raymond A;
McCarty R. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2009, 156(3-4): 283-306 11 图版.
A new species of medullosan ovule,
Pachytesta crenulata, is described from the
latest Atokan–earliest Desmoinesian (early
Moscovian) of Iowa. The ovule is approximately 5.5–6 cm long and 2.4–3 cm wide at
the mid-point with three commissured primary
ribs, three secondary ribs expressed at the
apex, and a large number of sclerotesta ridges
(18–24 between each primary rib-secondary
rib pair), formed from interwoven bands of
fibers. The micropyle, defined by the epidermal cuticle of the endotesta, is flared at the tip
and triangular in cross section. A collar of
sclerotesta and sarcotesta, 10 mm tall surrounds the micropyle. The space enclosed by
the collar is a triangular prism, with a primary
rib at each edge and sides approximately
2.3 mm in length. The space between the micropyle and the sclerotesta–sarcotesta collar
appears to have been filled with thin-walled
endotesta cells. At the ovule apex, lobes of
sarcotesta associated with the primary ribs
partially occlude the top of the collar, forming
a triangular opening with the flared tip of the
micropyle in the center. Pachytesta crenulata
appears most similar to P. composita and P.
illinoensis. All three ovules have tertiary ribs
or ridges and secretory fibers in the sclerotesta;
in both P. illinoensis and P. crenulata a collar
of sclerotesta and sarcotesta surrounds the micropyle. Based on these similarities, we place
P. crenulata in Taylor's [Taylor, T.N., 1965.
Paleozoic seed studies: a monograph of the
American species of Pachytesta. Palaeontographica, Stuttgart] P. composita–P. illinoensis group. The condition of the sclerotesta and
nucellar stalk of P. crenulata may indicate its
developmental stage. Ovules having hollow
fibers in the sclerotesta and nucellar stalks
with a convex profile appear immature relative to ovules with filled fibers in the sclerotesta and deeply invaginated nucellar stalks.
Although the pollination and fertilization
status of most P. crenulata ovules remains
equivocal, one mature ovule probably was
pollinated. All of the immature ovules showed
signs of seed predation.
2010030152
阿根廷圣克鲁兹省 La Golondrina 组（瓜
德鲁普阶-乐平阶）的一种舌羊齿结实器官
新 种 ： Plumsteadia pedicellata = Plumsteadia pedicellata sp. nov.: A new glossopterid fructification from La Golondrina Formation (Guadalupian–Lopingian), Santa Cruz
Province, Argentina. ( 英 文 ). Cariglino B;
Gutiérrez P R; Manassero M. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2009, 156(3-4):
329-336 1 图版.
A new specimen of glossopterid fructification – Plumsteadia pedicellata – from the
Permian of La Golondrina Basin, in Santa
Cruz Province, Argentina, is described. The
fructification has ?ovule scars, and is attached
to a Glossopteris leaf. This represents the first
Argentinean record of glossopterid fructification in organic connection with its leaf, as well
as the first record of Plumsteadia for Argentina.
2010030153
印度尼西亚苏门答腊岛早二叠世的 Comia
和 Rhachiphyllum 属 植 物 = Comia and
Rhachiphyllum from the early Permian of
Sumatra, Indonesia. (英文). Booi M; Waveren
I M; Cittert J H A K. Review of Palaeobotany
and Palynology, 2009, 156(3-4): 418-435 5 图
版.
Recent expeditions to the Early Permian
formations of Jambi, Sumatra, have produced
material of a new species of peltasperm affinity, Comia variformis nov. sp., with a re47
markably broad morphological range that
touches on several other Permian taxonomic
groups. It is found in association with material
attributable to the callipterid genus Rhachiphyllum, in addition to Supaia-like material
and an Autunia fructification, corroborating a
peltasperm affinity.
Palaeogeographic relationships of the morphologies found in C. variformis and the other
material show strong relationships with North
China and even the Angaran region, suggesting a migration zone running from the North
China Block to the West Sumatra–West
Myamar terrane.
2010030154
詹姆森高地的两回羽状 Ptilozamites nilssonii 以及对于属级单位 Ptilozamites Nathorst 1878 （ 中 华 叉 羽 叶 属 ） 和
Ctenozamites Nathorst 1886（枝羽叶属）
的新考量 = Bipinnate Ptilozamites nilssonii
from Jameson Land and new considerations
on the genera Ptilozamites Nathorst 1878 and
Ctenozamites Nathorst 1886. (英文). Popa M
E; McElwain J C. Review of Palaeobotany
and Palynology, 2009, 153(3-4): 386-393 2 图
版.
Newly collected Rhaetian plant compressions of the seed fern Ptilozamites nilssonii
Nathorst 1878 from Jameson Land, Eastern
Greenland, revealed both simple and forked,
unipinnate and bipinnate morphologies, indicating a closer relationship between the genera
Ptilozamites Nathorst 1878 and Ctenozamites
Nathorst 1886 than previously documented.
Cuticle analysis revealed micromorphological
traits typical of simply pinnate P. nilssonii on
bipinnate leaf forms, yet up until the discovery
of this material Ptilozamites has never been
considered bipinnate. In 1886, the genus
Ctenozamites was erected for species similar
in epidermal characters to Ptilozamites, but
presenting a typical bipinnate character, rarely
or never unipinnate. As the new Greenland
material collected from South Tancrediakløft
and Astartekløft have shown, both genera are
now very strongly related anatomically, and
therefore identical from a systematic point of
view. We therefore propose the use of the genus Ptilozamites as Ctenozamites Nathorst
1886 is a synonym of Ptilozamites Nathorst
1878.
2010030155
印度半岛早二叠世舌羊齿植物群中
Annularia Sternberg（轮叶）三个种的出
现 = On the occurrence of three species of
Annularia Sternberg in the Early Permian
Glossopteris flora of peninsular India. (英文).
Banerjee M; Mitra S; Dutta S. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2009, 153(3-4):
394-407 4 图版.
Three species of articulated foliage-bearing
shoots of Annularia Sternberg are described
from the Barakar Formation (late Early Permian–late Artinskian) of the Saharjuri Basin,
eastern peninsular India. Annularia gondwanensis sp. nov. is preserved in growth position with branches emerging from a vertical
carbonized axis. The leaves, branches and axis
of A. gondwanensis have preserved cuticles.
Annularia sp. and Annularia kurtzii Archangelsky are preserved as impressions. The
Annularia species together with diverse
sphenopsids occur in a typical Gondwanan
assemblage dominated by glossopterids. This
late Palaeozoic Euramerian–Cathaysian genus
was earlier known from the Lower Permian of
various region of the Gondwana continent viz.,
Brazil and Argentina in South America, the
Karoo Basin in South Africa and western extra-peninsular India. Now the biogeographical
range of distribution of Annularia extends up
to the eastern peninsular India in the Gondwana continent. The palaeoclimate, palaeoecology of the Saharjuri Basin in eastern
India is discussed considering the records of
diverse sterile and fertile sphenopsids and Annularia in growth position together with the
upright Glossopteris plants, other glossopterid
members in the upper Lower Permian.
2010030156
占碑省的大羽羊齿类及其地位 = The Jambi
gigantopterids and their place in gigantopterid
classification. (英文). Booi M; Van Waveren I
M; Van Konijnenburg-Van Cittert J H A. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2009,
161(3): 302-328
The gigantopterids are a pan-palaeotropical
Late Palaeozoic (to Early Mesozoic) plant
group with unknown affiliations. Two gigantopterid species, both sole representatives of
their respective genera, are known from the
Early Permian Mengkarang Formation of
Jambi (Sumatra, Indonesia). Through an
emendation of the Jambi gigantopterids, based
on the old and newly collected material, and a
subsequent analysis of the leaf morphology of
several gigantopterid genera, we conclude that
the Jambi species are similar to the other gigantopterids, but do not appear to be related to
them directly. We propose a possible scenario
48
for the evolution of gigantopterid leaf morphology, based on marginal leaf growth, with
implications for the validity of the gigantopterids as a natural group. (C) 2009 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of
the Linnean Society, 2009, 161, 302-328.
2010030157
下石炭世种子蕨类 Calamopitys 的次生生
长和茎组织的变形 = Secondary Growth and
Deformation of Stem Tissues in the Lower
Carboniferous Seed Fern Calamopitys. (英文).
Masselter T; Rowe N; Galtier J; Speck T. International Journal of Plant Sciences, 2009,
170(9): 1228-1239
Some Carboniferous seed ferns undergo
extensive secondary growth, with secondary
vascular tissues occupying increased space
within the axis. Mechanisms of accommodating secondary growth in the stem cortex vary
significantly between different seed ferns and
depend on the degree of secondary growth and
position of secondary tissues relative to the
cortex. Cortical tissue adjacent to the secondary vascular cylinder is often highly deformed, whereas primary cortex tissue farther
away from the secondary growth may be less
strained. Developmental patterns of primary
and secondary tissues are observed in two
species of Calamopitys from the Lower Carboniferous and are compared with patterns of
the Upper Carboniferous "pteridosperm" Lyginopteris oldhamia. Calamopitys embergeri
and Calamopitys schweitzeri show different
organizations, development, and deformations
of the cortex compared with Lyginopteris. The
main differences include (1) retention of a
massive cortex in relation to the degree of development of the vascular cambial tissues, (2)
cortical deformation confined to areas around
the periphery of the vascular cylinder rather
than toward the periphery of the stem, and (3)
absence of a discrete periderm layer. Our findings also indicate that cambial growth in
Calamopitys was capable of producing relatively large cylinders of vascular tissues
within the primary body without causing a
sloughing of the outer cortex.
2010030158
保存解剖构造的中国二叠纪种子蕨茎干和
叶轴 = Anatomically Preserved Pteridosperm
Stems and Rachises From Permian Floras of
China. (英文). Seyfullah L J; Hilton J; Wang
S J; Galtier J. International Journal of Plant
Sciences, 2009, 170(6): 814-828
Pteridosperms are common in the Permian
floras of China and are known from both
vegetative and fertile organs in adpression
assemblages and as dispersed ovules and
seeds in permineralized assemblages. In contrast, reports of vegetative organs from permineralized assemblages are limited, and in all
cases, accounts have not been verified by detailed descriptions nor illustration. Here we
report four taxa of pteridosperm stem or rachis
from the Permian permineralized floras of
China. Coal balls from the AsselianSakmarian (Cisuralian) Taiyuan Formation are
shown to contain specimens of a medullosan
and a lyginopterid pteridosperm. The medullosan rachis has a distinctive collateral organization of vascular bundles interspersed within
a crushed parenchymatous ground tissue that
also has scattered resin ducts, and it is identified as Myeloxylon Brongniart. The lyginopterid has a vitalized protostelic stem with
manoxylic secondary xylem and mesarch xylem maturation and is confirmed as Heterangium sp. 1. From volcaniclastic tuffs from the
Wujiapingian-Changhsingian
(Lopingian)
Xuanwei Formation, a eustelic stem with a
parenchymatous pith surrounded by discrete
primary xylem strands with a large amount of
secondary xylem and a sparganum-type cortex
is attributed to the Callistophytalean Callistophyton Delevoryas and Morgan. Finally, from
the Changhsingian (Lopingian) Wangjiazhai
Formation, another lyginopterid is documented that comprises a pair of protostelic
stems with manoxylic secondary xylem and
mesarch xylem maturation and is assigned to
Heterangium sp. 2. Although accounts are
based on low specimen numbers, they provide
unequivocal evidence of vegetative pteridosperm genera in the Permian of China that
were previously known only from the Pennsylvanian and earliest Permian of Euramerica.
In this context, they underline the floristic
continuation of wetland plant communities
extending from the Carboniferous of
Euramerica into the Cisuralian-aged peatforming mires in North China and the Lopingian of South China. Extending the geographical and stratigraphical ranges of these
pteridosperm taxa means that each should now
be considered as potentially important to seed
plant evolution and phylogeny during the
Permian as well as the Carboniferous.
2010030159
南极洲晚二叠世的根化石形态属
Vertebraria 的次生生长：一个发育时序的
49
改 变 = Secondary Growth in Vertebraria
Roots From the Late Permian of Antarctica: A
Change in Developmental Timing. ( 英 文 ).
Decombeix A L; Taylor E L; Taylor T N. International Journal of Plant Sciences, 2009,
170(5): 644-656
Permineralized Vertebraria roots from the
late Permian of the Central Transantarctic
Mountains, Antarctica, re investigated to understand the unusual vascular anatomy of the
genus. The specimens range from similar to 1
mm to several centimeters in diameter and
illustrate all the stages of secondary growth.
Our observations confirm previous hypotheses
on the development of these roots and suggest
that their unique anatomy is the result of a
change in developmental timing. Vertebraria
is characterized by a vascular cambium that
remains discontinuous through several growth
seasons, leading to the formation of lacunae
alternating in cross section with wedges of
secondary vascular tissues. The bifacial nature
of the cambium is confirmed by the presence
of well-developed secondary phloem composed of longitudinally elongated cells and
uniseriate parenchymatous rays. In some of
the largest specimens, a continuous vascular
cylinder is formed by the differentiation of
cambium from parenchymatous cells bordering the lacunae. The new specimens provide
additional information on the secondary xylem
anatomy and vascular connection to lateral
roots.
2010030160
对宾夕法尼亚阶与 Eremopteris 属化石连
生的种子植物的修订 = A Revision of the
Pennsylvanian-aged
Eremopteris-Bearing
Seed Plant. (英文). Cleal C J; Shute C H; Hilton J; Carter J. International Journal of Plant
Sciences, 2009, 170(5): 666-698
Historically collected specimens of the
Pennsylvanian pteridosperm Eremopteris artemisiaefolia have been reinvestigated to provide detailed information on its morphology
and cuticular anatomy and to enable some of
the external features of the plant to be reconstructed. The stem bore a distal crown of helically arranged compound leaves that show
evidence they were actively abscissed from
the plant. The blade consists of a main rachis
that is straight or curved and may be undivided or show a single overtopped or occasionally dichotomous division. Secondary
foliar segments are once or twice divided,
with ultimate segments consisting of an elongate lanceolate blade, sometimes with one or
two pairs of suboppositely arranged basal
lobes or subsegments. Dense parallel veins run
along the ultimate segments and only rarely
fork. Stomata occur on both surfaces of the
blade but more densely on the abaxial surface;
papillae surrounded the abaxial stomata but
not the adaxial ones. Remains of platyspermic
bicornute ovules with a commissural rib in the
minor plane are repeatedly associated with the
leaves; these conform to the fossil genus Cornucarpus. Ovule cuicles include an inner integumentary cuticle, a nucellar cuticle that is
attached only to the base of the inner integumentary cuticle, and a seed megaspore membrane. The nucellar apex comprises a small
pollen chamber and extended nucellar beak
consistent with cardiocarpalean ovules. Ovate
structures on the main rachis and proximal
parts of the secondary rachises are consistent
in size with the ovule chalaza and are interpreted as the place of ovule attachment. Inclusion of our reconstruction of E. artemisiaefolia
in a cladistic analysis of lignophytes suggests
that it represents a distinct clade within a
paraphyletic complex of basal pteridosperms
and that it diverges after hydrasperman and
medullosalean taxa and before the Callistophytales. The family Cornucarpaceae is redefined for this clade.
2010030161
美国田纳西州早二叠世的一种可能与
Comia 属 有 关 的 种 子 植 物 叶 化 石 新 属
Auritifolia = Auritifolia gen. nov., Probable
Seed Plant Foliage with Comioid Affinities
from the Early Permian of Texas, USA. (英
文). Chaney D S; Mamay S H; DiMichele W
A; Kerp H. International Journal of Plant Sciences, 2009, 170(2): 247-266
Auritifolia waggoneri gen. et sp. nov. has
compound leaves and is possibly a peltasperm,
with venation similar to Comia Zalessky. The
frond is once pinnate, >40 cm in length, with a
short petiole, subopposite pinnae, increasing
in size distally, terminating in two elongate
pinnae. The petiole base is swollen. Fronds
probably abscised upon senescence. Venation
is three ordered, each higher order of progressively smaller diameter. Pinna midveins arise
from the main rachis and give rise to secondary veins. Two types of tertiary veins are
present. One type arises from the secondaries
and forms fascicles; the other type is interfascicular and arises directly from pinna midveins. All tertiaries are of the same diameter.
Tertiary veins dichotomize, anastomose, and
may terminate in blind endings, so not all ex50
tend to the laminar margin. Laminae are amphistomatic. Monocyclic stoma are surrounded by five to six subsidiary cells. Epidermis and palisade parenchyma are uniseriate.
Auritifolia is most similar to Comia in which
the tertiaries lack anastomoses and blind endings and terminate at the laminar margin. The
leaf architecture of Auritifolia differs significantly from that of Comia. (Russian and Chinese translations of this abstract are available
in the online edition of International Journal of
Plant Sciences.)
2010030162
可 能 与 盾 籽类 有 关 的 新种 子 植 物 Comia
属：对属的简评及对田纳西州早二叠世
（阿丁斯克阶）的两个新种 C. Greggii 和
C. Craddockii 的描述 = Comia, A Seed Plant
Possibly of Peltaspermous Affinity: A Brief
Review of the Genus and Description of Two
New Species from the Early Permian (Artinskian) of Texas, C-Greggii sp. nov. and CCraddockii sp. nov.. ( 英 文 ). Mamay S H;
Chaney D S; DiMichele W A. International
Journal of Plant Sciences, 2009, 170(2): 267282
Comia is a widespread foliage morphogenus of probable seed plant affinity primarily
known from rocks of Late Permian age, in the
Angaran and Cathaysian paleobiogeographic
regions. It also occurs in the Early Permian of
the western Euramerican equatorial paleobiogeographic region. Vegetative features and
consistent association with peltaspermous reproductive organs suggest affinity with the
Peltaspermales. New material from northcentral Texas allows two new species to be
attributed to this genus, Comia greggii and
Comia craddockii. Both species are uncommon elements of the Early Permian ( Leonardian-Artinskian) flora. They exhibit a diagnostic form of venation typical of Comia
and allied forms, in which the tertiary veins
form fascicles and interfascicular groups. Ultimate veins extend from their insertion point
to the laminar margin, usually with one dichotomy. They neither anastomose nor terminate in blind endings. In gross architecture, C.
craddockii is once pinnate. The morphology of
the frond of C. greggii is not known. The
much wider, more finely veined laminae of C.
greggii are clearly distinguishable from the
narrow pinnules with coarser venation of C.
craddockii. ( Russian and Chinese translations
of this abstract are available in the online edition of International Journal of Plant Sciences.)
2010030163
俄罗斯库尔斯克州巴通阶陆相沉积中
Pachypteris (Brongniart) Harris （ 盔 籽
目）一新种 = A new species of Pachypteris
(Brongniart) Harris (Corystospermales) from
the Bathonian continental deposits of the
Kursk Region, Russia. (英文). Gordenko N V.
Paleontological Journal, 2007, 41(11): 10911102 6 图版.
A new species, Pachypteris rutenica sp.
nov., is described from the Bathonian continental deposits of the Mikhailovskii Rudnik
opencast mine, near the town of
Zhelezhnogorsk in the Kursk Region of Russia. This is the first report of Pachypteris
(Brongniart) Harris from European Russia.
The systematics and ecology of the genus is
discussed.
2010030164
Tatarina S. Meyen 属一新种及基于表皮特
征而提出的晚二叠世一些盾籽类植物的分
化问题 = A new species of Tatarina S. Meyen
and the problem of differentiation between
some Late Permian peltasperms on the basis
of epidermal characters. (英文). Karasev E V.
Paleontological Journal, 2007, 41(11): 11031107 2 图版.
A new species, Tatarina rinatata, is described from continental deposits near the village of Nedubrovo, Vologda Region, Russia,
belonging to the base of the Vetlugian Series
of the transitional Permian-Triassic aspect.
Problems of differentiating between leaves of
the genus Tatarina based on epidermal characters are discussed.
2010030165
晚二叠世新属 Permophyllocladus 的叶状枝
和盾籽类演化形态学的问题 = Late Permian
phylloclades of the new genus Permophyllocladus and problems of the evolutionary morphology of peltasperms. (英文). Karasev E V;
Krassilov V A. Paleontological Journal, 2007,
41(2): 198-206 6 图版.
Phylloclades from the Upper Permian
(Tatarian) deposits of the Sokovka locality,
Vladimir Region, showing gradational transformation of a planate scale-leaved shoot into
a foliar organ, are assigned to the new genus
Permophyllocladus (Peltaspermales?). The
phylloclades are distinctly dorsoventral: scaly
leaves and their rudiments are developed on
the lower side and are only marked by suture
lines on the cuticle of the opposite side. In
epidermal characteristics, the phylloclades are
51
similar to the leaves of peltasperms from coeval deposits. It is supposed that peltasperm
leaves are of phylloclade origin and were
formed by cohesion of units of a coniferoid
scale-leaved shoot that resembles shoots of the
Mesozoic family Hirmerellaceae (Cheirolepidiaceae), which also tend to develop phylloclades.
2010030166
Alethopteris urophylla 叶 的 对 称 分 裂 =
Symmetrical biburcation of the Alethopteris
urophylla frond. (英文). Laveine J-P; Oudoire
T. Revista Espanola de paleontologia, 2009,
24(2): 121-131
A symmetrical bifurcation of an Alethopteris urophylla frond from the Pennsylvanian
of the Northern France coalfield shows some
still-attached remains of foliage. Such rare
specimens contribute, step by step, to a better
understanding of the fromd architecture of the
genus Alethopteris, which is of the bifurcatepinnate type. A few complementary general
comments are given.
裸 子 植 物
2010030167
宾夕法尼亚阶伏脂杉目 Emporiaceae 科一
新 种 Emporia cryptica 的 重建 = Reconstruction of the Pennsylvanian-age walchian
conifer Emporia cryptica sp. nov. (Emporiaceae: Voltziales). (英文). Hernandez-Castillo
G R; Stockey R A; Rothwell G W; Mapes G.
Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2009, 157(3-4): 218-237 13 图版.
This paper provides a whole plant concept
for a new species, Emporia cryptica sp. nov.
Hernandez-Castillo, Stockey, Rothwell &
Mapes (Emporiaceae: Voltziales), the fourth
conifer to be reconstructed from the rich fossil
biota at the Late Pennsylvanian, Hamilton
Quarry, Kansas. E. cryptica has an orthotropic
stem, lateral plagiotropic branches with simple
leaves, simple pollen cones, and compound
ovulate cones. Branches have an endarch eustele with dense wood surrounding a parenchymatous pith with sclerotic nests/plates, and
secondary xylem tracheids with multiseriate
hexagonal bordered pits. Leaves on both penultimate and ultimate branches are simple
and amphistomatic with two adaxial stomatal
bands, monocyclic and dicyclic stomata, and
two narrow abaxial rows of stomata with numerous trichome bases. Pollen cones are simple with helically arranged microsporophylls
and adaxial pollen sacs. Prepollen is monolete,
eusaccate, and monosaccate (Potonieisporites
Bharadwaj). Ovulate cones are compound
with bilaterally symmetrical dwarf shoots in
the axils of helically arranged forked bracts.
Axillary dwarf shoots bear numerous sterile
scales interspersed with two megasporophylls,
each bearing a single inverted terminal ovule.
This plant displays morphological and cuticular characters similar to several morphogenera
of Paleozoic walchian conifers but is most
comparable to the fossil plant species Emporia
lockardii and Hanskerpia hamiltonensis. E.
cryptica is the only walchian conifer where
ovules and seeds with megagametophytes,
immature embryos and mature embryos have
been documented, demonstrating that the most
ancient conifers possessed seed dormancy and
polycotyledonary embryos. This reproductive
biology is similar to that of many Mesozoic
and extant conifers with saccate pollen except
for the presence of prepollen grains that are
common among Paleozoic walchian conifers.
2010030168
日本西南部有田组（下石炭统，巴列姆
阶）保存有结构的蕉羽蕨叶 = Structurally
preserved Nilssoniopteris from the Arida
Formation (Barremian, Lower Cretaceous) of
southwest Japan. (英文). Yamada T; Legrand
J; Nishida H. Review of Palaeobotany and
Palynology, 2009, 156(3-4): 410-417 2 图版.
Strap-shaped foliage previously assigned to
Nilssonia ex. gr. schaumburgensis is redescribed as Nilssoniopteris oishii sp. nov.,
based on structurally preserved foliage from
the Barremian Arida Formation in Yuasa District, Wakayama Prefecture, southwest Japan.
The newly assigned bennettitalean affinity of
the fossil was confirmed with its cuticular
morphology exhibiting paracytic (syndetocheilic) stomata, and rachis anatomy. Rachis
vascular bundles are basically arranged in a
circular form, which is dissected at both lateral sides for the pinna trace departure. This
vascular configuration is similar to those of
other bennettitalean genera and different from
inverted-omega-shaped or C-shaped vascular
configuration in the Cycadales. N. oishii is
most abundantly found in the Ryoseki-type
fossil assemblages which flourished under the
dry conditions. This study clears the discrepancy between the abundance of “Nilssonia ex.
gr. schaumburgensis” under dry climates and
the general climatic preference of Nilssonia
species to humid conditions.
52
2010030169
中 国 吉 林 早 白 垩 世 大 拉 子 组 的
Pseudofrenelopsis dalatzensis 叶角质层超
微 结 构 = Leaf cuticle ultrastructure of
Pseudofrenelopsis dalatzensis (Chow et Tsao)
Cao ex Zhou (Cheirolepidiaceae) from the
Lower Cretaceous Dalazi Formation of Jilin,
China. (英文). Yang X J; Gaëtan G; Frédéric
T; Wang Y D; Georges B. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2009, 153(1-2):
8-18 3 图版.
The cheirolepidiaceous conifer Pseudofrenelopsis dalatzensis from the Lower Cretaceous Dalazi Formation, Jilin Province,
Northeast China is studied in detail based on
abundant material. The gross morphology of
vegetative shoots shows a greater variation
than previously known. Additional information of microstructure is that the adaxial cuticle from the free part of leaves is also papillate
as the abaxial cuticle. The excellent preservation of cuticles allows for the first time in this
family to four distinct types of cuticle in ultrastructural level: subsidiary cells, guard cells,
epidermal cells with and without papillae.
Based on 30 measurements the statistic approach on each type of cell cuticle, i.e. not
only the total thickness of the cuticle but also
details and proportions of all different layers.
A key is provided using a combination of 7
significant ultrastructural characters. These
results seem to be very promising for the identity of each taxon within the Cheirolepidiaceae
family. The cuticular ultrastructure of this
family is characterized by having a cuticle
proper A composed of A1 wavy polylamellate
layer and A2 granular layer, above the cuticular layer B with B1 fibrillate and B2 granular
layers. The importance of ultrastructural characters at different levels of taxonomy and palaeoecology is also discussed.
2010030170
南极苏铁属 Antarcticycas 植物的形态学及
生 态 学 = Morphology and ecology of the
Antarcticycas plant. ( 英 文 ). Hermsen E J;
Taylor E L; Taylo T N. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2009, 153(1-2):
108-123 5 图版.
The Antarcticycas plant is reconstructed
from the co-occurring vegetative organ taxa
Antarcticycas schopfii and Yelchophyllum
omegapetiolaris and the pollen cone taxon
Delemaya spinulosa from permineralized peat
of the Fremouw Formation, early Middle Triassic of Antarctica. The association of the or-
gans in the same deposit, assignment of each
taxon to Cycadales, and histological features
shared among the taxa suggest they were all
produced by the same plant. The Antarcticycas plant is reconstructed as a small plant,
possibly with a subterranean stem; it was
probably similar in habit to small-stemmed
species of extant Zamia. Antarcticycas stems
are inferred to exhibit apical rather than axillary branching based on reinterpretation of
type material that shows a branching axis accompanied by anatomy indicative of the presence of cone domes when observed in extant
cycads. The presence of a bulbil on one
specimen indicates that branching also took
place through adventitious budding. The Antarcticycas plant is similar in its anatomy to
extant cycads, although contractile tissue and
coralloid roots have yet to be identified and
may not have been present in the fossil plant.
The plant inhabited a warm temperate polar
habitat with protracted periods of winter darkness for which there is no modern equivalent.
Evidence for deciduousness in this taxon, previously suggested as a possible adaptation to
its warm, light-limited environment, is
equivocal. The possibilities that fire played a
role in the Fremouw peat ecosystem and that
the Antarcticycas plant may have been insect
pollinated are explored.
2010030171
Abies alba (Mill.)（欧洲冷杉）在冰期后的
范围扩张以及遗传学印记：古植物学和遗
传学数据的综合 = Postglacial range expansion and its genetic imprints in Abies alba
(Mill.) — A synthesis from palaeobotanic and
genetic data. (英文). Liepelt P; Cheddadi R;
Beaulieu J; Fady B; Gömöry D; Hussendörfer
E; Konnert M; Litt T; Longauer R; TerhürneBerson R; Ziegenhagen B. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2009, 153(1-2):
139-149
We present a range-wide synthesis of our
own research and related work on the complex
postglacial history of Abies alba Mill. It is
based on macroremains, fossil pollen records
as well as on different genetic markers. The
geographic distribution of genetic lineages and
allele frequencies together with the fossil records confirm multiple refugia with at least
three of them being sources for the Holocene
range expansion into Central Europe, representing so-called effective refugia. One is located in the northern Apennines. A long-term
refugium in the southern Balkans contributes
to northward expansion with a branch along
53
the Carpathians in the East and the Dinaric
Alps in the West. Furthermore, new allozyme
data indicate a third effective refugium in the
northern or western Balkans, respectively. Using different genetic marker categories the
differentiation of A. alba populations could be
attributed to different time scales. A separation of maternal lineages took place in previous glacial cycles of the Quaternary, while a
second pattern of genetic differentiation is the
result of isolation processes during the last
glaciation and subsequent gene flow after
range expansion. Suture and introgression
zones of refugial gene pools were clearly recognised. The patterns of genetic variation and
genetic diversity spanning between rear and
leading edges of the present range are discussed for evolutionary implications and conservation strategies.
2010030172
中欧早第三纪和晚第三纪的落羽杉属（柏
科） = The genus Taxodium (Cupressaceae)
in the Palaeogene and Neogene of Central
Europe. (英文). Kunzmann L; Kvaček Z; Mai
D H; Walther H. Review of Palaeobotany and
Palynology, 2009, 153(1-2): 153-183 17 图版.
Fossil remains of Taxodium from upper Eocene to lower Miocene localities in Germany,
the Czech Republic and Russia are investigated to reconsider taxonomic concepts. It is
demonstrated that all material belongs to one
species which is named Taxodium dubium
(Sternberg) Heer emend. Using the wholeplant concept, T. dubium is considered as a
synthetic species comprising foliage, seed
cones, seeds, and male cones with pollen in
situ. Shared identity of T. dubium and the
wood morpho-taxon Taxodioxylon taxodii
Gothan is assumed. Taxodium dubium underwent evolutionary changes through the Oligocene expressed mainly in changes of the cone
scale ornamentation. To designate this intraspecific variation taxonomically two morphoformae are distinguished: T. dubium forma
heerii (Dorofeev) Kunzmann, Kvaček, Mai et
Walther stat. nov. et emend. and T. dubium
forma dubium. Simultaneous intraspecific
variations in leaf morphology and leaf epidermal anatomy are missing. Taxodium
dubium occurs from the late Eocene to late
Miocene in the (Atlantic-) Boreal province
sensu Mai of Central Europe and from the late
Oligocene to late Pliocene in the Transeuropean Paratethys province sensu Mai.
2010030173
美国佐治亚州晚白垩世（桑托阶）的一个
南洋杉雄球花及其原位花粉新属新种
Upatoia barnardii = Upatoia barnardii gen. et
sp nov., an araucarian pollen cone with in situ
pollen from the Late Cretaceous (Santonian)
of Georgia, USA. (英文). Leslie A B; Herendeen P S; Crane P R. Grana, 2009, 48(2):
128-135
Upatoia barnardii gen. et sp. nov., a conifer
pollen cone from the I-ate Cretaceous (Santonian) Eutaw Formation of Upatoi Creek,
Georgia, USA, is known from lignified and
fusainised mesofossils that preserve its threedimensional structure. The cone consists of
numerous helically arranged microsporophylls,
each composed of a thin stalk and distal lamina. Three elongate pollen sacs are attached to
the base of the lamina. Pollen grains isolated
from the pollen sacs are relatively large (52 75 mu m), spheroidal to ellipsoidal in outline,
lack sacci, and have a thickened equatorial
exine that is often strongly folded. Pollen of
Upatoia barnardii indicates a close relationship to extant Araucariaceae. Microsporophylls of U. barnardii confirm suggestions
from previous studies of fossil material that
some Mesozoic Araucariaceae had only three
pollen sacs per microsporophyll, in contrast to
extant species that often have more than ten
pollen sacs per microsporophyll.
2010030174
下奥地利州 Lunz 坎宁阶（晚三叠世）一种
本 内 苏 铁 花 的 重 建 = Reconstruction of a
bennettitalean flower from the Carnian (Upper
Triassic) of Lunz, Lower Austria. (英文). Pott
C; Krings M; Kerp H; Friis E M. Review of
Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2010, 159(1-2):
94-111 6 图版.
The Bennettitales are a Mesozoic group of
gymnosperms with complex reproductive organs that figure prominently in hypotheses on
the ancestry and origin of angiosperms. However, the exact phylogenetic position of the
Bennettitales is still debated, due in part to the
scarcity of conclusive fertile remains from the
Triassic. In this study we reconstruct a bennettitalean flower from isolated parts from the
Carnian (Upper Triassic) of Lunz in Lower
Austria, including Cycadolepis wettsteinii
scale leaves, Haitingeria krasseri pollen organs, and Bennetticarpus wettsteinii ovulate
organs/seed cones, based on correspondences
in gross morphology and epidermal anatomy.
The flower has small pollen organs with
54
spreading and well-exposed pollen sacs; pollen sacs are not organised in synangia, and the
ovulate organ is characterised by a low number of relatively large seeds and a large number of interseminal scales in relation to
ovules/seeds. The flower lacks several of the
characteristic features seen in geologically
younger bennettitaleans, including fused, inwardly curved pollen organs and large number
of small seeds. The association of these isolated organs to a single flower provides a rare
opportunity to assess the attribution of these
early representative of the Bennettitales, and
sheds new light on the evolutionary history
and phylogenetic position of this ancient
group of seed plants.
2010030175
Geinitzia reichenbachii 和 Sedites rabenhorstii（松柏类，晚白垩世）的重新考虑
及 描 述 = Geinitzia reichenbachii (Geinitz,
1842) Hollick and Jeffrey, 1909 and Sedites
rabenhorstii Geinitz, 1842 (Pinopsida; Late
Cretaceous) reconsidered and redescribed. (英
文 ). Kunzmann L. Review of Palaeobotany
and Palynology, 2010, 159(1-2): 123-140 7 图
版.
Two conifer species from the Upper Turonian of the Saxonian and North Bohemian
parts of the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin are
redescribed using the type specimens and additional material from the type horizon. In
both cases characters of the gross-morphology
of foliage shoots and leaf epidermal cell structure observed by LM and SEM are studied.
Geinitzia reichenbachii is characterized by
uniform falcate leaves that spread abruptly
from the axis. They are 4-sided in cross section and have slightly decurrent leaf bases and
a single central resin canal. The amphistomatic leaves show adaxially two properly developed stomatal bands with densely
arranged stomata and abaxially two stomatal
bands repeatedly interrupted. The apertures of
the usually incomplete amphicyclic stomatal
apparati are randomly orientated relative to
the long leaf axis, but oblique and transversal
orientation prevails. G. reichenbachii is typified by a neotype and an emended diagnosis is
given. Based on detailed comparison to Geinitzia formosa from the Santonian of
Quedlinburg, Germany, G. reichenbachii is
assigned to Geinitzia Endlicher, 1847 which is
considered a natural genus of extinct conifers
and type of the Geinitziaceae. This application
becomes legitimate because the conservation
of the name Geinitzia has been proposed recently by Zijlstra et al. (2010). Sedites rabenhorstii is only known from two small specimens representing ultimate shoots. It is proved
that it is a fossil conifer completely distinct
from G. reichenbachii. S. rabenhorstii shows
epidermal cell characters that have been hitherto described from the genus Glenrosa, a putative Cheirolepidiaceae. S. rabenhorstii differs from Glenrosa in leaf phyllotaxis. The
leaves are arranged in four rows, probably in
opposite pairs in decussate phyllotaxis. The
free leaf part is spreading, straight, triangular
in cross section and has an obtuse apex. The
leaf base is decurrent. The leaves are amphistomatic with stomata deeply sunken in
communal stomatal chambers containing finger-like processes or trichome papillae across
the opening. In conclusion, Sedites is maintained as a morpho-genus for fossil conifers
and an emended generic diagnosis is given.
2010030176
中 国 云 南 中 新 世 晚 期 松 科 新 种 Pinus
prekesiya 及 其 生 物 地 理 学 意 义 = Pinus
prekesiya sp. nov. from the upper Miocene of
Yunnan, southwestern China and its biogeographical implications. ( 英 文 ). Xing Y;
Liu Y; Su T; Jacques F M B; Zhou Z. Review
of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2010,
160(1-2): 1-9 2 图版.
Pinus prekesiya Xing, Liu et Zhou sp. nov.
was described as a new species on the basis of
two well preserved ovulate cones from the
upper Miocene of central Yunnan, southwestern China. It is the first fossil record of three
dimensionally preserved Pinus ovulate cones
from China. Morphological comparisons with
15 previously published Cenozoic cones and
seven related extant pine species reveal that
the fossil cones are identified as a new species,
P. prekesiya sp. nov., which belongs to subsection Pinus of subgenus Pinus. The new
species shows a combination of characters of
P. kesiya and P. yunnanensis, but has a closer
affinity with P. kesiya which occurs in the
humid region of Yunnan and therefore suggests a more humid climate in central Yunnan
during the late Miocene than today. The general cooling trend during the late Neogene and
topographic change due to the dramatic Tibetan uplift might have caused a vicariant origin of P. kesiya and P. yunnanensis from the
ancestral P. prekesiya.
55
2010030177
中 国 内 蒙 古 三 叠 纪 的 茨 康 叶 属 = Czekanowskia From the Jurassic of Iinner Mongolia,
China. (英文). Sun C L; Dilcher D L; Wang H
S; Sun G; Ge Y H. International Journal of
Plant Sciences, 2009, 170(9): 1183-1194
The genus Czekanowskia is an important
member of the Mesozoic flora and is widespread in the Northern Hemisphere. In China,
it is found mostly in Late Triassic and Early
and Middle Jurassic sediments of North China.
With the exception of a few specimens, all the
reports of this genus from China have been
based on gross leaf morphology. Abundant
Czekanowskia leaves, preserved as compression fossils, were collected from the Middle
Jurassic, Zhaogou Formation of Inner Mongolia, China. In this article, two subgenera of
Czekanowskia, Harrisella and Vachrameevia,
are recognized from Inner Mongolia, China,
on the basis of leaf morphology and epidermal
characters. Two new species, Czekanowskia
chinensis sp. nov. (subg. Harrisella) and
Czekanowskia shiguaiensis sp. nov. (subg.
Vachrameevia), are described. The occurrence
of these species in the Middle Jurassic of Inner Mongolia significantly extends the stratigraphic and geographic distribution of Czekanowskia in the Northern Hemisphere. Analysis of the epidermal characters of material presented here along with consideration of other
associated plants of the flora and sedimentology of the plant-bearing strata suggests that
the two species described in this report grew
in an area with a warm and humid climate in a
warm temperate zone. Biostratigraphic correlation of the plant-bearing strata indicates that
the specimens described here are Middle Jurassic in age.
2010030178
堪萨斯州哈密尔顿群的伏脂杉松柏类新属
种 Emporia royalii(埃姆坡里科) = A New
Voltzialean Conifer Emporia Royalii sp. nov.
(Emporiaceae) From the Hamilton Quarry,
Kansas. ( 英 文 ). Hernandez-Castillo G R;
Stockey R A; Mapes G; Rothwell G W. International Journal of Plant Sciences, 2009,
170(9): 1201-1227
A new species of extinct conifer plants,
Emporia royalii sp. nov. Hernandez-Castillo,
Stockey, Mapes et Rothwell (Emporiaceae:
Voltziales), is described from the rich fossil
biota of the Late Pennsylvanian, Hamilton
Quarry, Kansas. This conifer has lateral plagiotropic branches with simple and forked
leaves, "age-dependent heterophylly," simple
pollen cones, and compound ovulate cones.
Stems have an endarch eustele, dense wood,
and secretory cells arranged in nests or plates
in the pith. Leaves are amphistomatic with
two adaxial stomatal bands and two longitudinal abaxial rows of stomata with numerous
trichome bases. Pollen cones are simple and
have helically arranged microsporophylls with
adaxial pollen sacs. Prepollen is monolete and
monosaccate (Potonieisporites Bharadwaj).
Ovulate cones are compound with bilaterally
symmetrical axillary dwarf shoots that bear up
to 45 sterile scales and 1-2 sporophylls and
occur in the axils of helically arranged bracts
with forked tips. Ovules are inverted and
winged and resemble those of Emporia
lockardii and Emporia cryptica. Emporia
royalii is compared to other Euramerican walchian Voltziales, and a summary of the Emporiaceae and evolution of Paleozoic conifers is
given. This is the fifth species of extinct conifer plants to be reconstructed from the Hamilton Quarry, making it the only Paleozoic locality in the world with numerous conifers all
of which have been characterized as complete
or nearly complete plants.
2010030179
Emporia lockardii(伏脂杉目 Emporiaceae
科)的重建及对古生代针叶林生态的初步认
识 = Reconstructing Emporia Lockardii
(Voltziales:
Emporiaceae)
and
Initial
Thoughts on Paleozoic Conifer Ecology. (英
文). Hernandez-Castillo G R; Stockey R A;
Rothwell G W; Mapes G. International Journal of Plant Sciences, 2009, 170(8): 10561074
A new plant concept for the extinct conifer
species Emporia lockardii (Mapes & Rothwell)
Mapes & Rothwell (Emporiaceae) is developed from fossils collected at the Late Pennsylvanian Hamilton Quarry, Kansas. Emporia
lockardii has lateral plagiotropic branches
with simple and forked leaves, simple pollen
cones, and compound ovulate cones. Stems
have an endarch eustele with dense wood surrounding a septate pith. Leaves display position-dependent heterophylly with forked
leaves on penultimate shoots and simple
leaves on ultimate shoots. All leaves are amphistomatic with two stomatal bands and
papillate epidermal cells on the adaxial surface and two basal stomatal bands and numerous trichome bases on the abaxial surface.
Pollen cones are simple and have helically
arranged microsporophylls and adaxial pollen
sacs. Prepollen is monolete and monosaccate,
56
and it conforms to the sporae dispersae genus
Potonieisporites Bharadwaj. Ovulate cones are
compound with helically arranged, forked
bracts that subtend bilaterally symmetrical,
axillary dwarf shoots with one to three narrow
megasporophylls interspersed among numerous sterile scales. Ovules are terminal, inverted, and bilaterally symmetrical. This new
reconstruction together with additional conifer
reconstructions from the Hamilton Quarry locality indicate that the genus Emporia has a
particularly high species diversity for walchian conifers. These findings support previous hypotheses that propose drier habitats as
sites for the first appearances of plants that
become dominant during the late Permian and
Mesozoic.
2010030180
华 北 早 二 叠 世 科 达 类 种 子 植 物 III ： 对
Shanxioxylon taiyuanense 的重建 = Cordaitalean Seed Plants From the Early Permian of
North China. III. Reconstruction of the Shanxioxylon Taiyuanense Plant. (英文). Hilton J;
Wang S J; Galtier J; Bateman R M. International Journal of Plant Sciences, 2009, 170(7):
951-967
The third of three whole-plant cordaitaleans
we reconstructed from a single Early Permian
locality in northern China is Shanxioxylon
taiyuanense. The name is based on the stem S.
taiyuanense B. Tian & S.-J. Wang emend. S.-J.
Wang & J. Hilton, which has a large septate
pith and endarch cauline bundles that generate
mesarch leaf traces that dichotomize at the
pith margin. The comparatively small, elongate leaves with few veins and thickened margins are assigned to Cordaites taiyuanensis S.J. Wang & B. Tian emend. S.-J. Wang and J.
Hilton, which is here nomenclaturally typified
after a previous invalid publication. Fertile
axes are diamond shaped in transverse section,
bearing in a tetrastichous arrangement numerous bracts and secondary shoots that consist of
basal leaflike sterile scales and apically concentrated fertile scales. Male cones of Cordaitanthus ximinensis S.-J. Wang & B. Tian consist of 20-30 sterile scales and an unknown
number of fertile scales that produce pollen
assignable to Florinites. Female cones of Cordaitanthus xishanensis S.-J. Wang & B. Tian
consist of 30-35 sterile scales and 5-10 fertile
scales that bear ovules of Cardiocarpus taiyuanensis J. Hilton, S.-J. Wang,& B. Tian, the
smallest species described in this ovule genus.
The correlation of these constituent organ species into a whole-plant species received little
assistance from organic connection, which
was confined to only one equivocal physical
attachment between the pollen cone C. xishanensis and the ovule Cardiocarpus taiyuanensis. The presence of sclerenchyma
strands allows histological correlation between the leaf species Cordaites taiyuanensis
and the sterile scales of both the pollen cone
and the ovulate cone. Positive association
among the constituent organ species within
the deposits also offers limited support for this
reconstruction, as the individual organ species,
other than leaves, are insufficiently frequent to
allow statistical analysis. Thus, the reconstruction of S. taiyuanense relies partly on previous
successes-specifically, better-supported reconstructions of two conceptual whole-plant cordaitaleans co-occurring at the locality, Shanxioxylon sinense and Cordaixylon tianii-and
partly on the characteristically poor preservation of the components of S. taiyuanense,
which are assumed to have been transported
into the depositional environment from a drier
environment of growth. The three whole-plant
cordaitaleans are compared for the rigor of
their respective reconstructions, and nomenclatural consistency is achieved by describing
the leaves of S. sinense as a new organ species,
Cordaites sinensis R. M. Bateman & S.- J.
Wang.
2010030181
华 北 早 二 叠 世 科 达 类 种 子 植 物 II ： 对
Cordaixylon Tianii 的重建 = Cordaitalean
Seed Plants from the Early Permian of North
China. II. Reconstruction of Cordaixylon Tianii. (英文). Hilton J; Shi-Jun W; Bateman R
M. International Journal of Plant Sciences, 2009, 170(3): 400-418
From a single Early Permian locality in the
Taiyuan Formation of northern China, a new
whole-plant cordaitalean is reconstructed and
named Cordaixylon tianii ( B. Tian and S.-J.
Wang) S.-J. Wang and J. Hilton sp. nov. The
reconstruction is based on pairs of plant organs found in organic attachment, supplemented with cases where two or more cooccurring morphospecies share distinctive
anatomical features. Stems have sympodial
primary vascular architecture with endarch
primary xylem maturation of the cauline bundles, which surround a septate pith. Leaf
traces are endarch, most diverging from the
pithmargin as double bundles ( less frequently
singly) and bearing leaves in 3/8 and 5/13
phyllotaxis. Leaves are long and straplike,
resembling those of the previously recon57
structed Cordaixylon dumusum Rothwell and
S. Warner, but with a geniculate posture that
justifies their segregation as Cordaites tianii
S.-J. Wang and J. Hilton sp. nov. Both male
and female cones are compound, borne irregularly as epicormic branches, and when isolated
conform to the morphogenus Cordaitanthus.
Pollen cones with numerous pollen organs
borne on apically concentrated fertile scales
are largely consistent with the morphospecies
Cordaitanthus concinnus Delevoryas, but subtle distinctions permit their description as C.
tianii S.-J. Wang and J. Hilton sp. nov. Ovulate cones are described as Cordaitanthus
shanxiensis S.-J. Wang and J. Hilton sp. nov.;
each cone contains several cardiocarpalean
ovules that have a distinctive tuberculate integumentary structure and are assignable to
the morphospecies Cardiocarpus tuberculatus
S.-J. Wang, J. Hilton, and B. Tian. The reconstructed plant most closely resembles C. dumusum from the Late Pennsylvanian of North
America, but (often subtle) diagnostic characters are well distributed across the organs of
the two conceptual whole plants, permitting
confident distinction at species level. The
plant is reconstructed as a large, suberect or
fully erect shrub.
2010030182
地中海东部白垩纪沉积中买麻藤类新花粉
属 Chomsiipites = A new gnetalean pollen
genus Chomsiipites from cretaceous deposits
of the eastern mediterranean. (英文). Smirnova S B. Paleontological Journal, 2010,
44(1): 95-98 1 图版.
Four species of a new genus, Chomsiipites—Ch. libanicus sp. nov., Ch. pyriformis sp. nov., Ch. dzyubae sp. nov., and Ch.
zaklinskaiae (Azèma et Boltenhagen) comb.
nov.—are described from the AlbianCenomanian of western part of Central Lebanon, Eastern Caspian Region, AlbianTuronian of Gabon, and Albian-Senonian of
Angola (Equatorial Africa).
2010030183
哈萨克斯坦西部早侏罗世松柏目
Miroviaceae 科 Mirovia Reymanówna 属的
首次报道 = First records of the genus Mirovia
Reymanówna (Miroviaceae, Coniferales) from
the Lower Jurassic of Western Kazakhstan
(Mangyshlak). ( 英 文 ). Nosova N V;
Kiritchkova A I. Paleontological Journal, 2008, 42(12): 1383-1392 4 图版.
Two new species, Mirovia asiatica sp. nov.
and Mirovia kazachstanica sp. nov., are described from the Lower Jurassic of Mangyshlak (western Kazakhstan). Representatives of Mirovia Reymanówna are for the first
time found in the Lower Jurassic and for the
first time in Central Asia. A new combination,
M. eximia (Gordenko), comb. nov., is proposed. The morphology of stomatal guard
cells is described in detail, based on examination of cross sections of leaves.
2010030184
中生代 Podocarpophyllum Gomolitzky 属
（ 松 柏 目 ）一 新 种 和一新 组 合 = A new
species and a new combination of the Mesozoic genus Podocarpophyllum Gomolitzky
(Coniferales). ( 英 文 ). Nosova N V;
Kiritchkova A I. Paleontological Journal, 2008, 42(6): 665-674 4 图版.
Podocarpophyllum Gomolitzky is studied
in detail from the type locality Angren (Uzbekistan, Middle Jurassic). Emended diagnoses of the genus and its type species P. singulare Gomolitzky are provided. For the first
time, members of the genus are reported from
the Lower Jurassic of the Mangyshlak Peninsula (western Kazakhstan), where P. kazachstanicum sp. nov. is described, and from the
Middle Jurassic of the eastern Ural Mountains,
where P. mesozoicum (Kiritchkova) comb.
nov. is established. The epidermal morphology of the genus Podocarpophyllum is compared with that of fossil and modern members
of the Podocarpaceae.
2010030185
乌拉尔山脉早二叠世裸子植物种子新发现
= New seeds of gymnosperms from the Lower
Permian of the Ural mountains. ( 英 文 ).
Naugolnykh S V. Paleontological Journal, 2008, 42(5): 544-553 5 图版.
New taxa of detached seeds are described
from the Kungurian (Lower Permian) of the
Middle Cis-Urals: Laevigatospermum compressum gen. et sp. nov., Hirsutospermum
paniculatum gen. et sp. nov., Rugosospermum
callosum gen. et sp. nov., and Craspedosperma filiferum sp. nov. The systematic
position of the new taxa is discussed.
2010030186
乌拉尔山脉早二叠世裸子植物一新属和新
种 Sylvocarpus armatus = A new gymnosperm Sylvocarpus armatus gen. et sp. nov.
from the Lower Permian of the Ural Moun58
tains. (英文). Naugolnykh S V. Paleontological Journal, 2008, 42(4): 431-439 5 图版.
A Permian gymnosperm is described as a
new genus and new species, Sylvocarpus armatus gen. et sp. nov., on the basis of halfclosed seed-bearing capsules. The new plant is
assigned to the Angaropeltidaceae, a family
related to the Peltaspermales and Caytoniales.
2010030187
Primorye 南部（俄罗斯远东）上新世松科
化石木新种 = New species of pinaceous fossil wood from the Pliocene of southern Primorye (Russian Far East). (英文). Blokhina N
I; Bondarenko O V. Paleontological Journal, 2008, 42(2): 203-210 1 图版.
New species of the Pinaceae, Abies
chavchavadzeae and Piceoxylon ussuriense,
are described on the basis of fossil woods
from the Pliocene of the Pavlovka lignite field
(southern Primorye). For the first time, fossil
wood of Abies is reported from the Russian
Far East.
2010030188
Primorye 南部（俄罗斯远东）上新世落叶
松属木化石 = Pliocene wood of Larix from
southern Primorye (Russian Far East). (英文).
Bondarenko O V. Paleontological Journal, 2007, 41(11): 1054-1062 2 图版.
A new fossil larch species, Laricioxylon
blokhinae, showing the wood anatomy of
modern Larix olgensis A. Henry and L. leptolepis (Siebold et Succ.) Gord. is described.
The taxonomic and structural diversity of
larch species is reviewed, based on fossil
wood remains from the Pliocene of southern
Primorye.
2010030189
外贝加尔西部 Krasnyi Yar 产地早白垩世
Baierella 属 一 新 种 = A new species of
Baierella from the Krasnyi Yar locality, Early
Cretaceous of western Transbaikalia. (英文).
Bugdaeva E V; Markevich V S. Paleontological Journal, 2007, 41(11): 1063-1067 2 图版.
Plant remains of Baierella R. Potonié
(Ginkgoales) were found for the first time in
the Lower Cretaceous deposits of the Khilok
Formation (Buryatia Republic), where they
form a thin coal bed. A new species, B. averianovii, is described from the Krasnyi Yar locality. The monodominant burial of the new
species in combination with pollen grains of
Ginkgocycadophytus prevailing in the relevant
palynological assemblage allows the authors
to reconstruct a monospecific woody wetland
plant community.
2010030190
苏铁目和银杏目成员孢壁层构造的一些独
特性 = On some peculiarities of sporoderm
structure in members of the Cycadales and
Ginkgoales. (英文). Tekleva M V; Polevova S
V; Zavialova N E. Paleontological Journal, 2007, 41(11): 1162-1178 6 图版.
The pollen morphology and ultrastructure
of Cycas micholitzii, C. simplicipinna, Cycandra profusa, Ceratozamia mexicana, and
Ginkgo biloba are studied. Pollen germination
is also studied in C. mexicana and G. biloba.
Although dehydrated pollen grains appear
monosulcate, the study of hydrated pollen
shows that the aperture occupies nearly half of
the pollen surface and represents a pore rather
than a sulcus. In the Ginkgoales, the inaperturate ectexine is characterized by a thick solid
tectum, infratectum of columella-like elements
or large granules, and distinct foot layer. On
the contrary, in the Cycadales, the ectexine
consists of a thin tectum, alveolar infratectum,
and poorly discernable foot layer. Members of
the Ginkgoales have a distinct distal aperture,
which is constituted by an intine, endexine,
and thin ectexine. In the modern Cycadales, an
ectexine is well developed throughout the pollen perimeter; in the supposed aperture region
the ectexine is not reduced in thickness, although it is characterized by a thinner tectum
and thinner walls of infratectal alveoli. In Cycandra profusa, no unequivocal aperture region has been found. Thickened regions were
observed in the intine of both the Cycadales
and Ginkgoales.
2010030191
古生代银杏类叶状的着生种子的器官和银
杏目的早期演化 = Foliar seed-bearing organs
of Paleozoic ginkgophytes and the early evolution of the Ginkgoales. (英文). Naugolnykh
S V. Paleontological Journal, 2007, 41(11):
815-859 29 图版.
This paper deals with the Late Paleozoic
phase of the evolution of the ginkgophytes
(gymnosperms attributed to the order Ginkgoales). New genera and species of Permian
gymnosperms are erected that are more or less
confidently related to the Ginkgoales or belong to ancestral (for this order) pteridosperms
with foliar seed-bearing organs: Cheirocladus
longicheirus Naugolnykh, gen. et sp. nov. and
Psygmophyllodendron uralensis Naugolnykh,
59
gen. et sp. nov. A new family, Cheirocladaceae Naugolnykh, fam. nov., uniting gymnosperms with weakly modified foliar seedbearing systems is proposed. The extended
diagnosis of the family Psygmophyllaceae
Zalessky emend. Naugolnykh, emend. nov. is
provided. The extensive study of additional
new material allowed the author to describe
the morphology of Biarmopteris pulchra Zalessky (Cheirocladaceae), Psygmophyllum
expansum (Brongniart) Schimper, and P. cuneifolium (Kutorga) Schimper (Psygmophyllaceae). Racemose aggregations of seeds of
Karkenia sp. (Karkeniaceae), the oldest reliable record of Karkenia Archangelsky, are
characterized. The typology of foliar seedbearing organs of early ginkgophytes and
morphogenetic transformations of the leaves
of ginkgophytes are discussed.
2010030192
库尔斯克地区巴通阶保存良好叶结构的松
柏类 Oswaldheeria 属一新种 = A new species of the conifer genus Oswaldheeria with
well-preserved leaf anatomical elements from
the Bathonian of the Kursk Region. (英文).
Gordenko N V. Paleontological Journal, 2007,
41(3): 319-326 4 图版.
A new species, Oswaldheeria eximia sp.
nov., was discovered in the Bathonian continental deposits of an open-cast mine of Mikhailovskii Rudnik Mines, near the town of
Zheleznogorsk in the Kursk Region. This is
the first record of Oswaldheeria Bose et
Manum from European Russia. The leaf anatomy of Oswaldheeria, reconstructed for the
first time based on material of unique preservation, has shown that members of this genus
were not closely related either to the Ginkgoales or to modern Sciadopitys Siebold et Zucc.
2010030193
堪察加半岛西北部白垩纪松科木化石
Keteleerioxylon kamtschatkiense 新 种 =
Fossil wood of Keteleerioxylon kamtschatkiense sp. nov. (Pinaceae) from the Cretaceous of the northwestern Kamchatka Peninsula. ( 英 文 ). Blokhina N I; Afonin M A;
Popov A M. Paleontological Journal, 2006,
40(6): 678-686 1 图版.
A new species, Keteleerioxylon kamtschatkiense, is described from the Cretaceous of the
northwestern Kamchatka Peninsula on the basis of wood anatomy. Fossil wood showing
anatomical characters of the modern genus
Keteleeria is described from the Cretaceous of
the Russian Far East for the first time.
2010030194
外贝加尔中生代松柏类和银杏目叶子边缘
营养损害 = Margin feeding damage on the
leaves of conifers and ginkgoales from the
Mesozoic of Transbaikalia. (英文). Vasilenko
D V. Paleontological Journal, 2006, 40(3):
286-289 1 图版.
A new approach to the formal classification
of arthropod margin feeding plant damage is
proposed. Several types of margin feeding
traces on the leaves of Pityophyllum sp. and
Ginkgoites sp. from the Upper Jurassic-Lower
Cretaceous Chernovskie Kopi locality, Transbaikalia, are described as five new species in
the genus Pinovulnus gen. nov.
2010030195
松 柏 科 植 物 Mesocyparis rosanovii 新 种
（柏科，松柏目）以及由白令陆桥连接的
植物群间的关系 = A new conifer species,
Mesocyparis rosanovii sp. nov. (Cupressaceae,
Coniferales), and Transberingian floristic connections. (英文). Kodrul T M; Tekleva M V;
Krassilov V A. Paleontological Journal, 2006,
40(3): 328-338 5 图版.
A new species, Mesocyparis rosanovii sp.
nov. from the Lower Paleocene of the Amur
Region, Russia, is characterized by a combination of advanced and primitive features:
mixed opposite-alternate branching of vegetative shoots, leafy microsporophylls, as well as
a relatively high number of sporangia per microsporophyll and seeds per cone scale. The
Late Cretaceous-Early Paleogene genus
Mesocyparis McIver et Basinger, which obviously embraces a natural group of closely related species, was a significant component of
the vegetation in the middle and high latitudes
of eastern Asia and western North America.
The range of the genus testifies to terrestrial
Transberingian connections between the continents during the Cretaceous warming phases.
2010030196
中国二叠纪裸子植物一个具有独特综合特
征的新科 Nystroemiaceae = Nystroemiaceae,
a new family of Permian gymnosperms from
China with an unusual combination of features.
(英文). Wang Jun; Pfefferkorn H W. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 2010, 277(1679): 301-309
Nystroemiaceae is proposed as a new family of gymnosperms from the Permian of Ca60
thaysia that adds to the diversity of gymnosperms known from this critical time in seed
plant evolution. This family is characterized
by bifurcating and highly branched pinnate
ovuliferous organs bearing bicornute ovules
(seeds) and entire leaves with anastomozing
veins that are born on complex and modernlooking branching systems with clear axillary
branching. The reconstruction is based on numerous large specimens from two localities in
North China, in which the different plant parts
are attached to each other. The ovulate structures show some apparently plesiomorphic
(primitive) character states more typical of
early seed plants, whereas the leaves and
branches show the clearly apomorphic (derived) character states of broad-leaved gymnosperms.
2010030197
X-射线 CT 扫描技术在中新世松属球果化
石研究中的应用 = Application OF The XRay CT Scanning Technique On A Late Miocene Pine Cone From Yunnan,China. (中文).
星耀武;刘裕生;苏涛;周浙昆. 古生物学
报, 2010, 49(1): 133-137
利用 X-射线 CT 扫描技术观察云南晚中
新世松属球果化石的内部结构,并与现代种
的内部结构进行比较。这是该技术在中国
古植物学研究中的首次报道。通过内部结
构的比较发现,松属化石最接近于现生种喀
西亚松(Pinus kesiya)。CT 扫描技术可以在
不破坏标本的前提下观察植物化石的内部
结构,对于较珍贵的化石研究作用尤为明显,
但是分辨率的高低是该技术广泛应用于古
植物学的重要因素,随着扫描仪器分辨率的
不断提高,CT 扫描技术将提供植物化石内部
结构的更多细节信息,从而为古植物学研究
开辟一条新的技术途径。
2010030198
库页岛东南部渐新世晚期-中新世早期沉积
的 Abietoxylon shakhtnaense 新种木化石
（ 松 科 ） = Fossil wood of Abietoxylon
shakhtnaense sp. nov. (Pinaceae) from the
Upper Oligocene-Lower Miocene deposits of
Southeastern Sakhalin. (英文). Blokhina N I.
Paleontological Journal, 2010, 44(3): 348355 1 图版.
A new species, Abietoxylon shakhtnaense
(Pinaceae), was erected on the basis of fossil
wood anatomical characters from the Upper
Oligocene-Lower Miocene deposits of Southeastern Sakhalin. A. shakhtnaense is similar to
wood of firs Abies sachalinensis, A. magnifica,
and A. grandis. Fossil wood with features
characterizing fir anatomical structure was
found in Sakhalin for the first time.
被 子 植 物
2010030199
新种 Ilex geissertii（冬青科），欧洲上中
新世和上新世冬青属冬青族的祖先 = Ilex
geissertii sp. n. (Aquifoliaceae), a fossil ancestor of Ilex sect. Ilex in the upper Miocene and
Pliocene of Europe. ( 英 文 ). Kvaček Z;
Teodoridis V; Wang Q. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2009, 157(3-4):
192-210 8 图版.
Leaf remains of Ilex L. sect. Ilex known
from the Pliocene of Auenheim (Alsace,
France) and Frankfurt a. M. - Niederrad
(Hesse, Germany) as Ilex aff. cornuta Lindley
fossilis Geissert and Ilex aquifolium L. fossilis
Engelhardt, respectively, are re-interpreted as
representing a new species Ilex geissertii Kvaček, Teodoridis et Wang Qing, sp. nov. Similar leaf fossils occur also in the upper Miocene
of the Netherlands (Brunssum), France (Murat), and the Pliocene of Italy (Valdarno Superiore). Although these fossil records were considered either direct ancestors of I. aquifolium
L. (Near-East, Europe, N Africa) or allied to I.
cornuta Lindley and Paxton (China and Korea), both the mentioned extant species differ
in the leaf morphology. Close affinities of I.
geissertii to several extant representatives of
Ilex subsect. Ilex (= Oxyodontae Loesener
nom. illegit.) are indisputable and stress a
common origin of this group of the hollies
known already from the Oligocene in Europe
(Ilex castellii Kvaček et Walther). Several extinct elements of the European late Miocene
and Pliocene flora accompanying this new
holly (e.g., Ginkgo, Taxodium, Fagus kraeuselii, Parrotia, Craigia, and Trichosanthes)
share similar former phyllogeography in having their modern nearest relatives outside
Europe.
2010030200
一些白垩纪被子植物木化石与对应现生木
材的形态度量分析及其在系统分类上的意
义 = Morphometric analysis of some Cretaceous angiosperm woods and their extant
structural and phylogenetic analogues: Implications for systematics. ( 英 文 ). Oakley D;
Falcon-Lang H J; Gasson P. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2009, 157(3-4):
375-390
61
Cretaceous fossil wood assemblages provide important evidence about the early evolution of angiosperms. However, the utility of
these fossils is limited by two systematic problems: morphotaxa are generally over-split and
in many cases cannot be securely assigned to
extant families or orders. To address these
problems we employed a 16-character Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to critically
assess fossil wood systematics and investigate
family/order affinity. In the first part of our
study, we analyzed a large dataset of woods
from extant trees. This served as a test of the
PCA method, demonstrating a capability for
clustering specimens into natural groups at
species, genus, and to a more limited extent,
family/order level. Having confirmed the validity of our approach, we then applied it to
mid-Cretaceous fossil woods of icacinoid/platanoid and phyllanthoid types. Our
PCAs support the distinctiveness of these
groups, and most morphogeneric concepts
contained therein, but raise significant questions about the uniqueness of many morphospecies. In particular, analyses highlight
intra-specific variability as a major problem in
delineating morphospecies and confirm suspicions that many taxa are over-split. Comparison of fossil specimens with extant structural
and phylogenetic analogues also allows the
probable affinity of morphotaxa to be assessed.
Among the taxa analyzed, Cretaceous icacinoid/platanoid woods are similar to members
of the Icacinaceae and Platanaceae, respectively, but an affinity with the Chloranthaceae
or some other basal groups cannot be ruled out.
In contrast, phyllanthoid fossil woods may be
associated with magnoliid stem of the Laurales and Magnoliales. We argue that our PCA
methodology offers a more rigorous and repeatable approach to fossil angiosperm wood
systematics compared to those used in earlier
studies.
2010030201
姜 目 一 个 已 灭 绝 的 新 属
Spirematospermum 的形态、分类位置及生
物学特性 = The morphology, systematic position and inferred biology of Spirematospermum — An extinct genus of Zingiberales.
(英文). Fischer T C; Butzmann R; Meller B;
Rattei T; Newman M; Hölscher D. Review of
Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2009, 157(3-4):
391-426 14 图版.
A new extraordinary mass occurrence of
Spirematospermum wetzleri capsules from the
Middle Miocene of Ponholz (Germany) al-
lowed comprehensive studies of this intriguing
Zingiberalean species to be carried out. Parietal placentation, flower remains and a dual
generative reproductive strategy by seed dispersal and capsule abscission were found. The
petiole anatomy and a putative pollen grain of
S. wetzleri are described. Fossil rhizomes and
Zingiberales-type leaves are associated. Phytoliths of seeds, leaves, and rhizome sheaths
are described and compared to extant Zingiberales phytoliths. Analysis of characters places
the fossils as sister to the clade of Musa and
Ensete in the Musaceae. We propose a new
Musaceae subfamily for Spirematospermum.
Cluster analysis of 81 Eurasian Palaeogene
and Neogene floras with Spirematospermum
identified water-associated habitats and divergent plant associations distinctly changing
from the Oligocene to the Pliocene. The extraordinary longevity of S. wetzleri is explained by its broad ecological amplitude. Its
wide palaeobiogeographic and stratigraphic
distributions are summarized and correlated
with the Cretaceous or Paleocene North
American extinction event and the final Pliocene Eurasian extinction.
2010030202
全新世早期冰岛两个桦树种 Betula pubescens 与 B. nana 杂交的证据 = Evidence of
hybridisation between Betula pubescens and B.
nana in Iceland during the early Holocene. (英
文). Karlsdóttir L; Hallsdóttir M; Thórsson Æ
T; Anamthawat-Jónsson K. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2009, 156(3-4):
350-357
The aim of this study was to find evidence
of Holocene hybridisation between downy
birch (Betula pubescens) and dwarf birch (B.
nana) in Iceland. We measured Betula pollen
from an early Holocene peat profile from
Hella in Eyjafjördur, mid-northern Iceland,
with 39 samples taken at ca. 100-yr intervals
between ca. 10.3 and 7.0 cal. ka BP based on
known tephra layers. Species proportions were
estimated and compared with data on presentday birch pollen. We found that Betula pollen
from old samples prepared in glycerol was
larger than the pollen in parallel samples
mounted in silicon oil by a factor of 1.2 to 1.6,
depending on the age of the peat. Therefore
the analysis of Hella peat profile was entirely
based on size frequency distribution within
samples. The size frequency distribution of
Betula pollen changed throughout the profile.
In all samples, two normal curves with different means gave good fit to the observed fre62
quency distribution, which denoted small pollen of B. nana and large pollen of B. pubescens. A low proportion of B. pubescens pollen
was found in the oldest peat samples and
again around 7.8 cal. ka BP, when B. nana
predominated. The proportion of B. pubescens
pollen peaked approximately at 8.7 and 7.2 cal.
ka BP. Evidence of Betula hybrids was found
in several samples, especially simultaneously
with the earlier B. pubescens peak. Pollen with
low D/P ratios (hybrid pollen) was found at
different frequencies throughout the profile.
Non-triporate Betula pollen grains, which are
frequent among present-day triploid hybrids,
were observed in most samples. The frequency of non-triporate pollen in a period between 9.2 and 8.7 cal. ka BP far exceeded the
average level produced by the present-day
triploid hybrids. Climatic and ecological conditions may have favoured hybridisation of
birch species during the expansion of downy
birch over dwarf birch colonies in warm periods.
2010030203
美国东南部阿拉巴马州西南部上新世和更
新世的桦科 = Betulaceae from the Pliocene
and Pleistocene of Southwest Alabama,
Southeastern United States. (英文). Stults D Z;
Axsmith B J. Review of Palaeobotany and
Palynology, 2009, 155(1-2): 25-31 2 图版.
Recent investigations of mid-Pliocene Citronelle Formation sites and a Pleistocene terrace deposit in southwestern Alabama have
yielded fossils of the Betulaceae. Trullate
(shield-shaped) leaves with evenly spaced,
craspedodromous secondary veins and distinctively serrated margins indicate that Betula
nigra was part of the Gulf Coast vegetation
for at least the last three million years. This
determination is supported by the presence of
small, membranous-winged fruits and a trilobed catkin bract. Previous reports of a supposed ancestral species, B. prenigra, from the
Citronelle Formation are reconsidered in light
of the present findings and rejected. Oblong/ovate leaves with craspedodromous secondary veins, serrated margins, and
acute/acuminate apices from the Citronelle
Formation are assigned to Carpinus caroliniana. A characteristic nutlet bract of
Carpinus was previously described from this
formation, and here a staminate catkin with
typical Carpinus-like bracts and in situ pollen
provides additional support. A nutlet bract
from the Pleistocene site confirms that C.
caroliniana has been consistently present in
this region. Some leaves suggestive of Ostrya
were found but their identification is inconclusive. All sites produce Alnus pollen but no
macrofossils were found. Of the ten species of
Betulaceae in the southeastern United States
today, only Alnus serrulata, Betula nigra,
Carpinus caroliniana, and Ostrya virginiana
frequent the Gulf of Mexico Coastal Plain.
Our findings confirm that Betula nigra and
Carpinus caroliniana were clearly established
in the area by the mid-Pliocene and persisted
to the recent, probably due to regional climatic
stability.
2010030204
中国上新世的马蹄荷属（金镂梅科）的一
个新种及其古气候意义 = A new species of
Exbucklandia (Hamamelidaceae) from the
Pliocene of China and its paleoclimatic significance. (英文). Wu J Y; Sun B N; Liu Y S;
Xie S P; Lin Z C. Review of Palaeobotany and
Palynology, 2009, 155(1-2): 32-41 4 图版.
Eight fossil leaves identified as Exbucklandia tengchongensis sp. nov. (Hamamelidaceae)
were collected from the Pliocene Mangbang
Formation in Tengchong, Yunnan Province,
Southwest China. The fossil leaves are characterized by the overall rounded lamina with
entire margin, actinodromous venation, and
cyclocytic stomata, which suggest the affinity
within the genus Exbucklandia, particularly
with E. populnea. A survey on the cuticles of
the sun and shade leaves of modern E. populnea indicates that the shade leaves generally
possess more pronounced undulate anticlinal
cell walls and a much lower stomatal density
than the sun leaves. Two morphotypes, i.e. sun
vs. shade types, of the fossil leaves were
therefore recognized. The distribution of the
modern Exbucklandia suggests that the genus
lives under a warm climate with a mean annual temperature (MAT) from 13 °C to 27 °C
and a mean annual precipitation (MAP) from
800 mm to 2500 mm. Hence, E. tengchongensis might also live under a similar climatic
condition in the Pliocene. Leaf margin analysis on the Tengchong flora supports this result.
The little change of Neogene MAT in Southwest China is therefore supported.
2010030205
捷克共和国白垩纪（森诺曼阶）被子植物
木 化 石 的 形 态 测 量 分 析 = Morphometric
analysis of Cretaceous (Cenomanian) angiosperm woods from the Czech Republic. (英文).
Oakley D; Falcon-Lang H J. Review of Pa63
laeobotany and Palynology, 2009, 153(3-4):
375-385 2 图版.
The Cretaceous (Cenomanian) PerucKorycany Formation of the Czech Republic
contains abundant charcoal including rare
fragments of angiosperm wood. We conducted
a SEM-analysis of thirty-nine angiosperm
wood samples from four localities. Two types
were recognized as follows: Morphotype 1 has
narrow, densely packed vessels, very long scalariform perforation plates, opposite intervessel pits, and heterocellular rays of two sizes. It
is herein named Icacinoxylon pecinovense sp.
nov. Morphotype 2 has wide vessels, simple
perforation plates, alternate intervessel pits,
and short heterocellular rays and is assigned to
Paraphyllanthoxylon marylandense Herendeen. Morphometric studies utilising Principal Component Analysis confirm this demarcation in morphospace, but despite large
intrataxon variability does not support further
splitting. Vessel diameter data suggest that
Paraphyllanthoxylon was a large tree, challenging the idea that early angiosperms were
small shrubs; the stature of Icacinoxylon is
uncertain. Facies analysis suggests that both
trees may have grown within riparian gallery
forests under a subtropical climate, a finding
consistent with calculations of Vulnerability
Index.
2010030206
亚马逊西南部（秘鲁马德雷德迪奥斯省）
全新世之前的多刺竹类瓜多竹相似种（禾
本科：竹亚科：簕竹科：瓜多竹亚科）的
首个大化石证据 = First macrofossil evidence
of a pre-Holocene thorny bamboo cf. Guadua
(Poaceae: Bambusoideae: Bambuseae: Guaduinae) in south-western Amazonia (Madre de
Dios — Peru). (英文). Olivier J; Otto T; Roddaz M; Antoine P; Londoño X; Clark L G.
Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2009, 153(1-2): 1-7
Three fossil stem fragments collected from
the banks of the Madre de Dios river in the
south-western Peruvian Amazon are described
and identified as Guadua sp. from their anatomical structure and gross morphology.
These fossil monocots are stem fragments corresponding to a nodal region with i) circular
sheath scars, ii) monopodial ramifications, iii)
thorny or spiny buds or complex branches,
and iv) a hollow stem structure. According to
C14 radiodating and to their stratigraphic position, these fossils are older than 45,790 yr BP
(Late Pleistocene) and younger than
3.12 ± 0.02 My (Late Pliocene) indicating that
Guadua was present in south-western Amazonia before the first human occurrence in
America, and before the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). Since little is known regarding
the origin of Guadua Kunth, a bamboo native
to Central and South America and questions
remain regarding the history of Guaduadominated forests within the Amazonian lowland tropical rainforest, this work suggests an
alternate interpretation for the Poaceae-rich
palynological assemblages of Amazonia and
may contribute to an understanding of the evolutionary history and present diversity of the
vegetation of Amazonia.
2010030207
中国海南岛始新世长昌组的两个化石果实
= Two Eocene fossil fruits from the Changchang Basin of Hainan Island, China. (英文).
Jin J H. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2009, 153(1-2): 150-152 2 图版.
Two types of fossil fruit, one belonging to
Palaeocarya sp. (Juglandaceae) and the other
to Acer cf. A. miofranchetii Hu et Chaney
(Aceraceae), are found in the Eocene coalbearing series from the Changchang Basin of
Hainan Island, China. This is the first fossil
record of Palaeocarya and Acer in a tropical
area of China. These fossils provide evidence
for an investigation of the phytogeographic
history of these two genera. Since their extant
relative genera are distributed mostly in northern temperate or tropical–subtropical mountainous regions, I propose that the Changchang Basin of Hainan Island was close to a
mountainous region in the Eocene; the plants
bearing these fruits were growing at a midhigh altitude with a relatively cool climate,
and the fruits were not preserved in situ but
transported to the fossil site. The characters of
other associated fossil plants and palynological data also support this hypothesis.
2010030208
兰花的授粉作用：从达尔文时代至今 = Orchid pollination: from Darwin to the present
day. (英文). Micheneau C; Johnson S D; Fay
M F. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2009, 161(1): 1-19
In this year celebrating the bicentenary of
the birth of Darwin and the sesquicentennial
of the publication of Darwin's On the Origin
of Species, the present paper aims to assess
the impact of Darwin's legacy on the history
of orchid pollination biology. To illustrate the
major contribution of Darwin to this fascinating biological field, we focus on the large an64
graecoid orchid group and propose an overview of the complex relationships that these
orchids have developed with specific pollinators. We further discuss how Darwin's seminal
work on the angraecoid orchid Angraecum
sesquipedale triggered the beginning of a long
debate about the evolution of long floral spurs
and why his idea of reciprocal evolution or
'coevolution' was one of the great contributions to evolutionary biology. (C) 2009 The
Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal
of the Linnean Society, 2009, 161, 1-19.
2010030209
木质部的异时发育：一个未被重视的与被
子植物起源及分异相关的重要因素 = Xylem heterochrony: an unappreciated key to
angiosperm origin and diversifications. (英文).
Carlquist S. Botanical Journal of the Linnean
Society, 2009, 161(1): 26-65
All angiosperms can be arranged along a
spectrum from a preponderance of juvenile
traits (cambial activity lost) to one of nearly
all adult characters (cambium maximally active, mature patterns realized rapidly early in
ontogeny). Angiosperms are unique among
seed plants in the width of this spectrum. Xylem patterns are considered here to be indicative of contemporary function, not relictual.
Nevertheless, most families of early-divergent
angiosperms exhibit paedomorphic xylem
structure, a circumstance that is most plausibly
explained by the concept that early angiosperms had sympodial growth forms featuring
limited accumulation of secondary xylem.
Sympodial habits have been retained in various ways not only in early-divergent angiosperms, but also among eudicots in Ranunculales. The early angiosperm vessel, relatively
marginal in conductive abilities, was improved in various ways, with concurrent redesign of parenchyma and fibre systems to
enhance conductive, storage and mechanical
capabilities. Flexibility in degree of cambial
activity and kinds of juvenile/adult expressions has been basic to diversification in eudicots as a whole. Sympodial growth that lacks
cambium, such as in monocots, provides advantages by various features, such as organographic compartmentalization of tracheid
and vessel types. Woody monopodial eudicots
were able to diversify as a result of production
of new solutions to embolism prevention and
conductive efficiency, particularly in vessel
design, but also in parenchyma histology. Criteria for paedomorphosis in wood include
slow decrease in length of fusiform cambial
initials, predominance of procumbent ray cells
and lesser degrees of cambial activity. Retention of ancestral features in primary xylem
(the 'refugium' effect) is, in effect, a sort of
inverse evidence of acceleration of adult patterns in later formed xylem. Xylem heterochrony is analysed not only for all key groups
of angiosperms (including monocots), but also
for different growth forms, such as lianas, annuals, various types of perennials, rosette trees
and stem succulents. Xylary phenomena that
potentially could be confused with heterochrony are discussed. Heterochronous xylem
features seem at least as important as other
often cited factors (pollination biology) because various degrees of paedomorphic xylem
are found in so many growth forms that relate
in xylary terms to ecological sites. Xylem heterochrony can probably be accessed during
evolution by relatively simple gene changes in
a wide range of angiosperms and thus represents a current as well as a past source of
variation upon which diversification was
based. Results discussed here are compatible
with both current molecular-based phylogenetic analyses and all recent physiological
work on conduction in xylem and thus represent an integration of these fields. (C) 2009
The Linnean Society of London, Botanical
Journal of the Linnean Society, 2009, 161, 2665.
2010030210
加 拿 大 阿 尔 伯 塔 省 晚 白 垩 世 Rosannia
manika 的属征修订、种描述和异名录：它
的古植物地理学及与蕊花科的亲缘关系 =
The revised generic diagnosis, specific description and synonymy of the Late Cretaceous Rosannia manika from Alberta, Canada:
Its phytogeography and affinity with family
Lactoridaceae. (英文). Srivastava S K; Braman D R. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2010, 159(1-2): 2-13 3 图版.
The genus Rosannia was erroneously diagnosed as a monad in Srivastava (1968a). It is
re-diagnosed and its type species Rosannia
manika is redescribed. The lost holotype is
replaced by the surviving isotype as a lectotype here. Epitypes are designated and illustrated in this study to explain the morphology
of R. manika in detail. Rosannia is an obligate
ana-ulcerate tetrad with calymmate exine and
granulose supratectal ornamentation. Its
worldwide occurrence ranges from the Turonian to the Miocene. Lactoripollenites Zavada and Benson is a junior synonym of
Rosannia. Pollen of extant Lactoris fernande65
ziana Phil. has a close morphological affinity
with Rosannia. Lactoris fernandeziana of the
monotypic family Lactoridaceae is endemic to
Robinson Crusoe Island (formerly Masatierra
Island) in the Juan Fernández Archipelago,
Chile.
2010030211
美国田纳西州西北部 Gray 中新世至上新世
的风龙属新种 Sinomenium macrocarpum
（防己科） = Sinomenium macrocarpum sp.
nov. (Menispermaceae) from the Miocene–
Pliocene transition of Gray, northeast Tennessee, USA. (英文). Liu Y S; Jacques F M B.
Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2010, 159(1-2): 112-122 3 图版.
The present study documents the first confirmed fossil record of Sinomenium in Menispermaceae, Sinomenium macrocarpum sp.
nov., from the recently discovered Gray Fossil
Site in Tennessee, southeastern USA. The fossil species is represented by more than 120
endocarps, all of which are characterized by
their horseshoe-shaped form and occurrence
of highly ornamented protuberances on both
dorsal and lateral crests. A combination of
their relatively large size and highly developed of protuberances on the surface of endocarp warrants the new species. The new species is justified through a detailed comparison
with the related and published extant and fossil species. The discovery of the genus in
North America appears to support that the
Gray site in southern Appalachian region represented a forest refugium during the late
Neogene when the global cooling was intensified and grasslands were globally expanded.
2010030212
艾克菲德始新世（德国，艾菲尔阶）的一
种新的四翅果实 Trilobium maii = A new
species of four-winged fruits (Trilobium maii
sp. nov.) from the middle Eocene of Eckfeld
(Eifel, Germany). (英文). Wilde V; Frankenhäuser H. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2010, 159(3-4): 143-151 3 图版.
Various kinds of fruits and seeds are known
from the bituminous shales filling a middle
Eocene maar at Eckfeld near Manderscheid
(Eifel, Germany), some clearly adapted to
wind dispersal. One of them is a consistently
four-winged fruit with a long stalk and a superior fruit body carrying persistent style and
stigma. It is presently represented by more
than 80 specimens and described as a new
species of an extinct genus, Trilobium Saporta
emend. All of the major characters of Trilobium maii sp. nov. are met in fruits of extant
Anacardiaceae. However, some similarities to
fruits of Porana (Convolvulaceae) may also
be recognised. The new species is another example supporting the considerable amount of
extinct taxa in Northern Hemisphere Paleogene floras. The mode of dispersal as indicated by such a type of winged fruits fits to a
paratropical vegetation as previously suggested for the middle Eocene at Eckfeld. The
locality represents the oldest occurrence for
Trilobium fruits. By the late Eocene, they are
known from a broader area in Europe, but, at
the same time still completely unknown from
North America and Asia.
2010030213
埃塞俄比亚西北部 GUANG 河晚渐新世
（27.23 百万年前）植物群的芸香科叶化石
= Rutaceae leaf fossils from the Late Oligocene (27.23 Ma) Guang River flora of northwestern Ethiopia. (英文). Pan A D. Review of
Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2010, 159(3-4):
188-194 2 图版.
Fossil leaf compressions from the Late Oligocene (27.23 Ma) Guang River flora of
northwestern Ethiopia include a new record of
Vepris and the earliest record of Clausena and
the subfamily Aurantioideae. These fossils,
along with most other African rutaceous fossils, are associated with a tropical moist forest
community. The large number of Rutaceae
taxa in eastern Africa during the Late Oligocene and Early Miocene is likely due to a radiation within Africa or dispersal to Africa
associated with the continental expansion of
moist tropical forest during this time interval.
2010030214
中国西北部古新世小檗科小檗属的化石记
录及该属的演化与植物地理史 = The fossil
record of Berberis (Berberidaceae) from the
Palaeocene of NE China and interpretations of
the evolution and phytogeography of the genus. (英文). Li Y; Kvaček Z; Ferguson D K;
Wang Y; Li C; Yang J; Ying T; Ablaev A G;
Liu H M. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2010, 160(1-2): 10-31 11 图版.
Extant Berberis is a member of the basal
eudicots with a South America (group Australes)-Old World (group Septentrionales)
disjunctive distribution pattern. Different hypotheses have been proposed to explain the
formation of this pattern. Recent molecular
studies suggest that this pattern was caused by
66
a vicariance event in the Cretaceous. More
fossil evidence is required to evaluate these
hypotheses. Here a new species of Berberis
from the Palaeocene Wuyun flora is established based on a detailed comparison with all
other fossil and related living Berberis. The
occurrence of a Palaeocene Berberis in NE
China and other fossil data suggest that 1) the
genus originated in eastern Asia, 2) the leaf
venation of the genus probably evolved from
pinnate to acrodromous, leaf margins from
densely spinose teeth to only occasionally
toothed or even entire, 3) the genus would appear to have migrated from eastern Asia to
North America in the Oligocene, via Beringia.
Berberis probably arrived in Europe from
Asia during the late Oligocene when Eurasia
was reunited after the retreat of the Turgai
Straits. Berberis could have migrated to India
from eastern Asia, arriving before the last major upheaval of the Himalayas in the Pleistocene.
2010030215
白垩纪-第三纪的被子植物辐射期种子大小
随古纬度的变化 = Paleolatitudinal Gradients
in Seed Size During the Cretaceous-Tertiary
Radiation of Angiosperms. (英文). Sims H J.
International Journal of Plant Sciences, 2010,
171(2): 216-220
An updated data set of 25 fossil floras sampling plant communities from the Early Cretaceous (similar to 123 million years ago) to the
Pliocene (similar to 3 million years ago) is
reanalyzed to assess the evolution of a latitudinal gradient in seed size during the radiation
of angiosperms and the effect of this gradient
on estimations of temporal trends in seed size.
There is a significant negative correlation between the median seed size of Tertiary floras
and their paleolatitude. As in modern floras,
average seed size decreased from the equator
toward the poles. Results indicate that previous documentations of a striking increase in
within-flora seed size around the Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary (66 million years ago)
are valid and conservative: the older (Cretaceous) floras sampled communities that in life
were closer to the equator, relative to the
younger (Tertiary) floras.
2010030216
中国东北抚顺早第三纪榆属的果实和叶化
石 = Fruits and Leaves of Ulmus From the
Paleogene of Fushun, Northeastern China. (英
文). Wang Q; Manchester S R; Li C S; Geng
B Y. International Journal of Plant Sciences, 2010, 171(2): 221-226
The earliest known Asian records of Ulmus
fruits are reported based on fossils from the
Early Eocene Jijuntun Formation of Fushun
coal mine, Liaoning Province, northeastern
China. These fruits and associated leaves are
morphologically similar to those of Ulmus
okanaganensis Denk & Dillhoff, previously
described from the late Early Eocene of western Canada. The fruits are small, flattened,
and elliptical, with a pair of protruding styles
and remnants of a basal calyx, but they do not
possess the prominent surrounding wing characteristic of most extant Ulmus species. Fossil
fruits from both the Chinese and Canadian
Eocene sites are characterized by a short or
nonexistent stipe between calyx and the fruit
body, but the Chinese specimens show shorter
styles, supporting their recognition as a distinct species, Ulmus fushunensis sp. n. Associated leaves, known only from two Fushun
specimens, have small ovate laminae with serrate margins, usually with one tooth per secondary vein, similar to those of U.
okanaganensis but with smaller laminae and
fewer secondary veins. The occurrence of
similar species of Ulmus in China and western
North America during the Eocene indicates
that early representatives of the genus may
have spread via Beringia in the early Paleogene.
2010030217
美洲西北部的一种新的早第三纪翅果
Lagokarpos lacustris = Lagokarpos Lacustris,
A New Winged Fruit From the Paleogene of
Western North America. (英文). McMurran D
M; Manchester S R. International Journal of
Plant Sciences, 2010, 171(2): 227-234
A new genus is described based on fossilized winged fruits from former lake deposits
of Wyoming, Utah, Colorado, Oregon, and
British Columbia, ranging in age from latest
Paleocene to early Middle Eocene. Lagokarpos lacustris McMurran et Manchester gen. et
sp. nov. fruits have an elliptical to globose
seed body and a conspicuous pair of apical
wings with pinnate venation. These winddispersed fruits are compared with and distinguished from similar extant winged fruits such
as Dipterocarpus Gaertn f. (Dipterocarpaceae),
Gyrocarpus Jacq. (Hernandiaceae), and Alberta E. Meyer (Rubiaceae). Nomodern fruit
was found to exhibit the combination of characters seen in Lagokarpos, and we conclude
67
that it represents an extinct genus of as yet
unknown familial affinity.
2010030218
西班牙东北部上阿尔必期（下石炭世）的
一种水生的双子叶植物（毛茛科？）
KLITZSCHOPHYLLITES = Klitzschophylltes, Aquatic Basal Eudicots (Ranunculales?) From the Upper Albian (Lower Cretaceous) of Northeastern Spain. (英文). Gomez
B; Coiffard C; Sender L M; Martin-Closas C;
Villanueva-Amadoz U; Ferrer J. International
Journal of Plant Sciences, 2009, 170(8):
1075-1085
Klitzschophyllites choffatii (Saporta sensu
Teixeira) emend. is reported from the upper
Albian of the Utrillas Formation at the Plou
locality, Teruel Province, northeastern Spain.
The species shows obovate microphylls; dense,
flabellate primary and secondary veins interconnected by fine, reticulate tertiary veins and
intersecting with an intramarginal vein; and
small glands in sinuses between triangular
teeth. It exhibits more affinities with basal
eudicots (especially some Ranunculales) than
with monocots. Sedimentological and taphonomic evidence, along with morphofunctional features, supports a freshwater hydrophytic habit for K. choffatii.
2010030219
葡 萄 牙 早 白 垩 世 睡 莲 科 新 属 种
Monetianthus Mirus = Monetianthus mirus
gen. et sp. nov., A nymphaealean flower from
the Early Cretaceous of Portugal. (英文). Friis
E M; Pedersen K R; von Balthazar M; Grimm
G W; Crane P R. International Journal of
Plant Sciences, 2009, 170(8): 1086-1101
Monetianthus mirus gen. et sp. nov. is described based on a single coalified flower
from the Early Cretaceous (Late Aptian-Early
Albian) Vale de Agua locality, western Portugal. The flower is actinomorphic and probably
bisexual, with a perianth of nine or 10 tepals,
an androecium of 20 stamens, and a syncarpous gynoecium with a partly inferior ovary of
12 carpels arranged radially around a central
column. Phyllotaxis of tepals and stamens is
uncertain. Nondestructive synchrotron radiation x-ray tomographic microscopy of internal
structures documents laminar placentation
with around six anatropous and ascending
ovules in each locule. Comparison of
Monetianthus with living plants indicates a
clear relationship to extant Nymphaeales in
particular with the Barclaya and Nymphaeoideae clade. Monetianthus thus provides
evidence of crown group Nymphaeales, and
probably crown group Nymphaeaceae, at a
very early stage in the initial diversification of
flowering plants.
2010030220
北美和格陵兰的古新世猴欢喜属（杜英
科）的果实 = Fruits of Sloanea (Elaeocarpaceae) in the Paleogene of North America
and Greenland. (英文). Manchester S R; Kvacek Z. International Journal of Plant Sciences, 2009, 170(7): 941-950
Fossil fruits document the former presence
of Sloanea L. (Elaeocarpaceae) in Greenland
and midlatitude North America during the
early Tertiary. First described as Castanea
ungeri by Heer in 1869 from the Paleocene of
Greenland, the distinctive spiny fruits have
since been discovered at several Paleocene to
lower Eocene sites in Colorado, Wyoming and
Montana. The fruits are 3-5-valved capsules
2.5-3.5 cm in diameter, borne on long pedicels.
Immature, unopened capsules show a single
persistent style. The capsules open from the
apex with valves separating to the lower 10%
of the fruit. Each valve has a smooth inner
surface with a pronounced median septum and
is ornamented dorsally with closely spaced,
erect spines, 4-8mm long. The North American and Greenlandic fossils are classified together as Sloanea ungeri (Heer) comb. n., a
species that extended from the Lower Paleocene (Puercan) to the Lower Eocene (Lost
Cabinian) in the Rocky Mountain region.
Fruits of Carpites lancensis Dorf from the Late
Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) ofWyoming are
less well preserved but also resemble those of
Sloanea. These fossil occurrences document
an earlier fossil record for the family Elaeocarpaceae in the Northern Hemisphere than is
currently known from the Southern Hemisphere.
2010030221
加拿大温哥华岛始新世矿化山毛榉坚果 =
Permineralized Fagus Nuts from the Eocene
of Vancouver Island, Canada. (英文). Mindell
R A; Stockey R A; Beard G. International
Journal of Plant Sciences, 2009, 170(4): 551560
Sixty trigonal fagaceous fruits have been
identified in the calcareous nodules from the
Eocene Appian Way locality of Vancouver
Island, British Columbia, Canada. The anatomically preserved fruits are known at various developmental stages. In transverse section, fruits are triangular, with lateral ridges
68
that vary in shape from rounded to sharply
angled. In longitudinal section, the nuts show
a broad base and a tapered apex. The ovary is
partitioned into three locules at the apex, and
placentation is axile, with two ovules per locule. Locules merge near the base, giving the
appearance of a three-lobed ovarian cavity.
This area is occupied by a single seed at maturity. The inner wall of the endocarp is tomentose. Major vascular bundles in the mesocarp occur midway between and at the lateral
ridges of the nut. The nut is wingless and has
an exocarp of dense sclerenchyma interrupted
at the ridges by dehiscence lines that traverse
the entire fruit wall. The nut surface is glabrous, except near the distal end, where
trichomes emerge in proximity to three styles
and surrounding perianth remnants. These
nuts are assigned to the genus Fagus L. and
represent the first permineralized Fagaceae of
subfamily Fagoideae in the fossil record.
Fagus schofieldii sp. nov. provides the earliest
evidence of winglessness in Fagoideae and
supports the possibility of a North American
origin for the genus.
2010030222
球兰属和眼睡莲属的鉴定衍征的确定及其
对 系 统 发 育 的 理 解 = Identifying Synapomorphies in the Flowers of Hoya and Dischidia-Toward Phylogenetic Understanding. (英
文 ). Wanntorp L; Kunze H. International
Journal of Plant Sciences, 2009, 170(3): 331342
Hoya and Dischidia are closely related genera, but molecular phylogenetic analyses have
not succeeded in revealing their exact relationship. The morphology of the pollinating
apparatus, consisting of guide rails, stamens,
pollinaria, and stigmas, of selected species of
Hoya and of Dischidia, as well as of Stephanotis floribunda and of Marsdenia cordifolia,
is examined and discussed in the light of the
mechanisms involved in the pollination of
their flowers. Flowers of Hoya have generally
lost their inner guide rails, while guide rails in
Dischidia are more developed and often provided with inner rails. Nectar in Hoya is produced from a tube in the guide rails but also
by secondary nectaries positioned inside the
anther skirt. The pollinium in this genus is, in
the majority of cases, provided with a pellucid
margin that is inserted into the guide rails during pollination. Pollinia of Dischidia have
crested caudicles, which because of structural
similarity to the pellucid margins of Hoya, are
hypothesized to fulfill the same function. Pol-
linia with pellucid margins together with
modified guide rails and secondary nectaries
inside the anther skirt support the monophyly
of Hoya and point to a systematic position of
Dischidia outside this genus in the tribe Marsdenieae.
2010030223
阿根廷巴塔哥尼亚第三纪的眼子菜科果实
化石 = Potamogetonaceae Fossil Fruits from
the Tertiary of Patagonta, Argentina. (英文).
Gandolfo M A; Zamaloa M D; Cuneo N R;
Archangelsky A. International Journal of
Plant Sciences, 2009, 170(3): 419-428
The subcosmopolitan and aquatic monocot
family Potamogetonaceae Berch. and J. Presl
1823 comprises extant and fossil genera. Its
known fossil record is composed mainly of
fruit remains, and it comes only from Eocene
to Pliocene sediments of the Northern Hemisphere ( Europe, Saudi Arabia, and China).
Recently, several fruits sharing characters
with living and fossil Potamogetonaceae genera have been found within the Paleogene
Baibian Beds, Chubut, Patagonia, Argentina.
Fossils were collected at the Puesto Baibian
locality, which outcrops at the eastern sector
of the Sierra de La Colonia. Fossils are impressions/compressions of infructescences and
isolated fruits and seeds preserved as molds
and casts. The infructescences are probably
racemes bearing fruits placed most likely in
whorls of four each. Isolated fruits are small
one-seeded bisymmetrical endocarps. Palynological studies of the beds show the presence of an assemblage similar to those found
in sediments of the Northern Hemisphere
where Potamogetonaceae fossil fruits were
previously recorded. This report constitutes
the first fossil record of Potamogetonaceae for
the Southern Hemisphere.
2010030224
通过毛状体特征确定的北美洲和亚洲古近
纪的山茱萸（山茱萸科）叶化石 = Leaves
of Cornus (Cornaceae) from the Paleocene of
North America and Asia Confirmed by
Trichome Characters. (英文). Manchester S R;
Xiang Q Y; Kodrul T M; Akhmetiev M A.
International Journal of Plant Sciences, 2009,
170(1): 132-142
The identification of Cornus foliage in the
fossil record previously has relied primarily
on similarities in venation, particularly the
eucamptodromous secondary veins and widely
spaced, transversely oriented tertiary veins.
These features, while consistent with Cornus,
69
are not by themselves diagnostic for the genus.
Double-armed, acicular trichomes mineralized
with calcium carbonate are an additional characteristic feature found in all extant species of
the genus. The presence of such trichomes
provides a means of confirming leaf impression fossils attributed to Cornus. Reexamination of previously described Cornus leaves
from the Paleocene of the Rocky Mountains
and Great Plains region leads us to reject Cornus nebrascensis Schimper (=Cornus newberryi Hollick) from the genus. Another species, Cornus hyperborea Heer, is provisionally
accepted as Cornus based on its venation, although we were unable to confirm the
trichomes in the type material from Greenland
or in the assigned specimens from North Dakota. We also review other Eurasian Paleocene Cornus-like leaf remains, including Cornus platyphylla Saporta and Cornophyllum
hebridicum (Johnson) Boulter and Kvacek.
We recognize two new Paleocene species,
whose identity as Cornus is confirmed by the
presence of characteristic trichomes and venation: Cornus swingii sp. n., from the Paleocene of Wyoming, Montana, and North Dakota, and Cornus krassilovii sp. n., from the
Paleocene Tsagayan flora of Russia. These
occurrences, along with fruit records, indicate
that the extant genus was well established in
the Northern Hemisphere early in the Tertiary.
2010030225
Nezhino 植物群（Primorye 中新世）中珙
桐属（山茱萸目）的叶子和果实遗迹 =
Leaf and fruit remains of Davidia (Cornales)
from the Nezhino flora (Miocene of Primorye).
(英文). Pavlyutkin B I. Paleontological Journal, 2009, 43(3): 339-344 3 图版.
The geology of beds containing the Nezhino flora is outlined. The taxonomic composition of the flora is discussed. The flora is
dated to the second half of the Early Miocene
on the basis of geological, paleobotanical, and
radioisotope information. Leaf and fruit imprints are described as new species of Davidia
Baillon.
2010030226
连生的悬铃木科营养和繁殖器官化石（被
子植物）：分类学和系统发育意义 = Association of vegetative and reproductive organs
of platanoids (Angiospermae): significance for
systematics and phylogeny. (英文). Maslova
N P. Paleontological Journal, 2008, 42(12):
1393-1404
Some examples of association between platanoid leaves and various reproductive structures are considered. The expediency of determining dispersed Cretaceous platanoid
leaves using a morphological system that is
independent of the system of modern plants is
discussed. It is confirmed that leaf structures
are more conservative than reproductive organs. It is proposed that, in the geological past,
there was a polymorphic group that was
probably represented by extinct families
which gave rise to modern families (in particular, Platanaceae and Hamamelidaceae).
2010030227
云南保山上新统前灰背栎 Quercus presenescens 角质层特征及古气候意义 = Cuticular Strcture Of Quercus presenescens From
The Pliocene In Baoshan,Yunnan,And Its Palaeoclimatic Implications. (中文). 李娜;孙柏
年 ; 吴 靖 宇 ; 闫 德 飞 ; 肖 良 ; 戴 静 . 古 生物学
报, 2009, 48(4): 654-661
在云南保山羊邑煤矿上新统羊邑组发现
了一栎属高山栎组植物压型化石,根据叶形
态和表皮微细构造特征,将其鉴定为前灰背
栎 (Quercus presenescens Z.K.Zhou) 。 该 标
本具有之字形中脉,叶最宽处形成一矩形区
域,叶缘略反卷的特征,与已报道的前灰背栎
化石形态一致,且区别于其它已发现的高山
栎组化石。解剖学研究表明,该化石叶片为
气孔下生型,上、下表皮均无毛基;上表皮细
胞为四边形,垂周壁波状弯曲;下表皮细胞多
为四-五边形,垂周壁波状弯曲,气孔器环列
型。通过与现生高山栎组植物叶形态相比,
当前化石与灰背栎最为接近,且其表皮细胞
形态、气孔器类型与现生灰背栎基本一致,
二者的主要区别在于前灰背栎无毛基,而现
生灰背栎有表皮毛。研究认为,两者被毛的
差异,是植物叶形态结构对气候变化的响
应。
2010030228
Amaam 泄湖区域（俄罗斯东北部）麦斯里
希 特 阶 的 被 子 植 物 新 发 现 = New angiosperms from the Maastrichtian of the Amaam
Lagoon area (northeastern Russia). ( 英 文 ).
Moiseeva M G. Paleontological Journal, 2008,
42(3): 313-327 7 图版.
New angiosperm taxa from the Koryak
Formation of the Amaam Lagoon area (northeastern Russia) are described. Amaamia
Moiseeva, with the type species A. tshucotica
(Golovn.) Moiseeva, comb. nov., is substantiated as a new genus of the morphological sys70
tem of dispersed angiosperm leaves. Rarytkinia amaamensis Moiseeva, sp. nov. is described. Members of Corylites Gardner (1887)
ex Seward et Holttum (1924) are characterized
by a broad morphological variability, which
makes their specific diagnosis difficult. An
extended diagnosis of this genus and the description of Corylites beringianus (Krysht.)
Moiseeva, comb. nov. are presented. Ettingshausenia raynoldsii (Newb.) Moiseeva, comb.
nov. is proposed for fossil leaves traditionally
assigned to the genus Platanus.
2010030229
西伯利亚土仑阶被子植物悬铃木科一新属
Tasymia = A new platanaceous genus Tasymia (Angiosperms) from the Turonian of
Siberia. ( 英 文 ). Golovneva L B. Paleontological Journal, 2008, 42(2): 192-202 6 图
版.
A new extinct genus of arborescent angiosperms, Tasymia gen. nov., is described from
the Turonian deposits of the upper part of the
Simonovo Formation on the Kas River (leftbank tributary of the Yenisei River, Krasnoyarsk Region). The epidermal characters of
leaves of the new genus testify to its platanaceous affinity. A comparison with other extinct taxa of the Platanaceae from the ChulymYenisei Depression and other regions of the
Northern Hemisphere is accomplished.
2010030230
Trochodendroides notabilis Herman 的 合
格发表（被子植物） = Valid publication of
Trochodendroides notabilis Herman (Angiosperms). (英文). Herman A B. Paleontological Journal, 2008, 42(1): 100-101 1 图版.
Validation of the species name Trochodendroides notabilis Herman, sp. nov. representing leaves of a dicotyledonous angiosperm is
presented with a brief description of the fossil
material.
2010030231
根据胡桃科木化石解剖特征提出的分类、
演化和系统发育问题 = Fossil wood of the
Juglandaceae: Some questions of taxonomy,
evolution, and phylogeny in the family based
on wood anatomy. (英文). Blokhina N I. Paleontological Journal, 2007, 41(11): 10401053
Some problems in the taxonomy of the Juglandaceae are discussed based on wood anatomy; the identification of fossil juglandaceous
wood is considered. Data on fossil wood of
the Juglandaceae are summarized; a key for
identification of wood anatomy in modern and
fossil Juglandaceae is compiled. Wood anatomical characters in members of the family
are discussed in the light of major evolutionary trends in the secondary xylem of dicots,
and a comparative characterization of members of the family is developed. A hypothesis
is proposed that the subfamily Engelhardioideae is the most primitive member of the
Juglandaceae based on wood anatomy, the
tribe Juglandeae and subfamily Platycaryoideae are slightly more highly specialized,
and the tribe Hicorieae is the most advanced.
Evolutionary relationships between the members of the Juglandaceae are reviewed based
on wood anatomy.
2010030232
欧亚大陆白垩纪拟无患子属（悬铃朩科）
的 发 现 = Occurrence of Sapindopsis (Platanaceae) in the Cretaceous of Eurasia. (英文).
Golovneva L B. Paleontological Journal, 2007, 41(11): 1077-1090 5 图版.
Three new species of the genus Sapindopsis
Fontaine from Central Asia and western Siberia are described: S. neuburgae (Vachr.)
Golovn., comb. nov., S. janschinii (Vachr.)
Golovn., comb. nov., and S. kryshtofovichii (I.
Lebed.) Golovn., comb. nov. Geographical
and stratigraphic analyses have shown that the
genus evolved in Eurasia from the Middle Albian to the Cenomanian, and was mostly restricted to the subtropics of the Euro-Sinian
phytogeographic area from the Middle East to
Russian Primorye and northern China. The are
no reliable records of Sapindopsis from
Europe. The migration of Sapindopsis from
North America to Eurasia through the Bering
Land Bridge was most probably related to the
Early-Middle Albian climatic optimum.
2010030233
俄罗斯阿穆尔地区古新世 Platimeliphyllum
N. Maslova 属一新种 = A new species of the
genus Platimeliphyllum N. Maslova from the
Paleocene of the Amur Region, Russia. (英文).
Kodrul T M; Maslova N P. Paleontological
Journal, 2007, 41(11): 1108-1117 6 图版.
A new species, Platimeliphyllum valentinii,
is described from the Paleocene of the Amur
Region on the basis of macromorphological
and epidermal characters. It was shown that
leaves of Platimeliphyllum N. Maslova associate with two fundamentally different types
of reproductive structures: platanaceous Ar71
charanthus N. Maslova et Kodrul and
Bogutchanthus N. Maslova, Kodrul et Tekleva,
which combines characters of the Platanaceae
and Hamamelidaceae. The higher evolutionary
stability of leaf structures in comparison with
reproductive organs is discussed.
2010030234
悬铃朩科和阿丁枫亚科的同构多形现象以
及两科之间的亲缘关系 = Isomorphic polymorphism in the Platanaceae and Altingioideae and the problem of their relationship. (英文). Maslova N P. Paleontological
Journal, 2007, 41(11): 1118-1137 7 图版.
Isomorphic polymorphism is demonstrated
by modern and fossil members of the Platanaceae and Hamamelidaceae (subfamily Altingioideae) and is considered as evidence of
structural parallelism in the evolution of the
Platanaceae and Altingioideae. The supposed
relationship between Platanaceae and Altingioideae is discussed from a paleobotanical
perspective.
2010030235
阿 穆 尔 地 区 古 新 世 雄 花 序 新 属
Bogutchanthus（金缕梅目）的一个新分类
单元 = A new taxon of staminate inflorescences Bogutchanthus gen. nov. (Hamamelidales)
from the Paleocene of the Amur Region. (英
文). Maslova N P; Kodrul T M; Tekleva M V.
Paleontological Journal, 2007, 41(5): 564579 6 图版.
Staminate inflorescences from the Paleocene deposits of the Amur Region (Russia) are
described as a new genus, Bogutchanthus N.
Maslova, Kodrul et Tekleva, on the basis of
micromorphological characters. The inflorescences under description combine characters
of the families Platanaceae and Hamamelidaceae (order Hamamelidales). Along with capitate inflorescences, tetramerous flowers with a
differentiated perianth, and the presence of
staminodes—typical characters of Cretaceous
platanaceous plants—the new genus also
shows some features that are known in extant
and fossil members of the Hamamelidaceae: a
loosely packed inflorescence, free stamens,
secondarily bisporangiate stamens, crescent
pollen sacs, and pantocolpate pollen grains.
The inflorescences are associated with entiremargined leaves of the platanoid type.
Fujianensis Y.K. Yang et al.sp.nov. (中文). 李
浩敏. 古生物学报, 2009, 48(4): 701-703
杨永康等建立并发表的化石新种福建双
翅 龙 脑 香 (Dipterocarpus fujianensis
Y.K.Yang,H.M.Li etJ.K.Wu sp.nov.fossil
plant)未附任何照片或素描图,且无正规的模
式标本登记号和确切的存放单位,与国际植
物命名法规中有关古植物的重要条款和规
则不符。因此,这个新种名属于不合格发
表。
2010030237
Friisicarpus 新名（悬铃朩科）的果序在西
伯利亚西部森诺曼阶与悬铃木型的叶化石
共生 = Infructescences of Friisicarpus nom.
nov. (Platanaceae) and associated foliage of
the platanoid type from the Cenomanian of
western Siberia. (英文). Maslova N P; Herman A B. Paleontological Journal, 2006,
40(1): 109-113 2 图版.
A new generic name, Friisicarpus N.
Maslova et Herman, is proposed to replace
Platanocarpus Friis, Crane, et Pedersen, 1988.
Pistillate capitate inflorescences of Friisicarpus nom. nov. are reported from the Cenomanian of western Siberia for the first time. They
are found in association with leaves of the
typical Platanus-morphotype. Earlier, remains
belonging to this genus were found to be associated with pinnatifid leaves of cf. Sapindopsis
variabilis Fontaine (Crane et al., 1993).
2010030238
菊目植物花粉壁微结构研究回顾 = Review
of the sporoderm ultrastructure of members of
the Asterales. (英文). Polevova S V. Paleontological Journal, 2006, 40(Supplement 5):
S656-S663 4 图版.
Palynomorphological characteristics of the
order Asterales are discussed. Particular attention is paid to the pollen morphology of basal
families of this group and to that of problematic taxa that are considered as sister groups to
the group under study. Ultrastructurally similar sporoderms of several families, including
(1) Asteraceae, Calyceraceae, and Goodeniaceae; (2) Campanulaceae, Phellinaceae,
and Menyanthaceae; (3) Rousseaceae, Abrophyllaceae, and Columelliaceae, are described.
Pollen grains of Alseuosmiaceae and Stylidiaceae show unique ultrastructural features of
the exine.
2010030236
一个不合格发表的新种名——福建双翅龙
脑香 = On The Invalidity Of Dipterocarpus
72
2010030239
古代棕榈树：古气候和古生态指针 = Palm
trees in the past - paleoclimatological and paleoecological indicators. ( 英 文 ). Mai D H.
GFF, 2000, 122(1): 97-98
2010030240
不明确的分异：花化石和被子植物的早期
史 = Diversity in obscurity: fossil flowers and
the early history of angiosperms. (英文). Friis
E M; Pedersen K R; Crane P R. Philosophical
Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 2010, 365(1539): 369-382
In the second half of the nineteenth century,
pioneering discoveries of rich assemblages of
fossil plants from the Cretaceous resulted in
considerable interest in the first appearance of
angiosperms in the geological record. Darwin's famous comment, which labelled the
‘rapid development’ of angiosperms an
‘abominable mystery’, dates from this time.
Darwin and his contemporaries were puzzled
by the relatively late, seemingly sudden and
geographically widespread appearance of
modern-looking angiosperms in Late Cretaceous floras. Today, the early diversification
of angiosperms seems much less ‘rapid’. Angiosperms were clearly present in the Early
Cretaceous, 20–30 Myr before they attained
the level of ecological dominance reflected in
some mid-Cretaceous floras, and angiosperm
leaves and pollen show a distinct pattern of
steadily increasing diversity and complexity
through this interval. Early angiosperm fossil
flowers show a similar orderly diversification
and also provide detailed insights into the
changing reproductive biology and phylogenetic diversity of angiosperms from the Early
Cretaceous. In addition, newly discovered fossil flowers indicate considerable, previously
unrecognized, cryptic diversity among the earliest angiosperms known from the fossil record. Lineages that today have an herbaceous
or shrubby habit were well represented.
Monocotyledons, which have previously been
difficult to recognize among assemblages of
early fossil angiosperms, were also diverse
and prominent in many Early Cretaceous ecosystems.
2010030241
墨西哥科阿韦拉上坎潘阶-下马斯特里赫特
阶 Olmos 组木化石新种 Palmoxylon enochii = Palmoxylon enochii sp nov from the
Olmos Formation (Upper Campanian-Lower
Maastrichtian), Coahuila, Mexico. ( 其 他 ).
Estrada-Ruiz E; Cevallos-Ferriz S R S.
Ameghiniana: Revista de la asociacion Paleontologica Argentina, 2009, 46(4): 577-586
Different types of flowering plants and
conifers have been collected in the Olmos
Formation, Upper Cretaceous (upper Campanian-lower Maastrichtian). A stem represents a new species of Palmoxylon Schenk
(Arecaceae), P. enochii sp. nov. The stem portion known of this new plant has vascular
bundles organized in radial strands; each vascular bundle has 2 or 3 metaxylem and 3 to 9
protoxylem vessel elements. The ground tissue consists of thin-walled cells forming a not
compact tissue with intercellular spaces, rarely
described in Upper Cretaceous palms. The
diversity of palm trees of the Olmos Formation flora further supports the presence of a
diverse paleovegetation that later contributed
with important elements to the humid and dry
tropics during Cenozoic time in southern
North America and northern and central Mexico.
2010030242
阿根廷恩特雷里奥斯巴拉那 Toma Vieja 地
区 上 新 世 -更 新 世 漆 树 科 木 化 石 = Fossil
woods of Anacardiaceae from Ituzaingo Formation (Pliocene - Pleistocene), Toma Vieja,
Parana, Entre Rios, Argentina. (其他). Franco
M J. Ameghiniana: Revista de la asociacion
Paleontologica Argentina, 2009, 46(4): 587604
Two petrified woods from ltuzaingo Formation (Pliocene-Pleistocene) are described and
assigned to Anacardiaceae. The specimens
were found in Toma Vieja fossiliferous locality, Parana, Entre Rios, Argentina. The presence of a combination of characters in each
one allowed to distinguish this family from
other dicotyledonous and to assign the material to two morfotaxa: Astroniumxylon parabalansae Franco et Brea and a new morphospecies of Astroniumxylon Brea et al. The
petrified woods show great affinity with the
genera Astronium Jacq., while Astronium
balansae Engl. and Astronium urundeuva (Allemao) Engl. are the most related species. The
comparison with the nearest living relatives
suggests that the fossils might have been a
component of Neotropical Dry Forests with
strongly seasonal climate. These current forests develop in South America and are relict in
isolated localities in the North of Argentina,
Southeast of Bolivia and Brazil, but that in the
past they were more extended to the South and
East of the American continent. Anacardi73
aceae family was a very important component
during the Cenozoic in southernmost South
America. This evidence is supported by diverse and abundant fossil record of Anacardiaceae.
2010030243
阿根廷巴塔哥尼亚西南部渐新世 Rio Leona
组 木 化 石 ： 蔷 薇 科 和 山 毛 榉 科 = Fossil
woods from the Oligocene of southwestern
Patagonia (Rio Leona Formation). Rosaceae
and Nothofagaceae. ( 英 文 ). Pujana R R.
Ameghiniana: Revista de la asociacion Paleontologica Argentina, 2009, 46(4): 621-636
Systematic studies of angiosperm fossil
woods from sediments of the Rio Leona Formation were continued. A new morphospecies
of Maloidoxylon with affinity to Rosaceae
was described and constitutes, together with
the fossil pollen from the same strata, the oldest South American fossil with this familial
affinity. Nothofagaceae fossil woods are represented by the morphospecies Nothofagoxylon scalariforme Gothan, Nothofagoxylon
kraeuseli Boureau et Salard, Nothofagoxylon
triseriatum Torres et Lemoigne, Nothofagoxylon ruei Salard and a new morphospecies of
Nothofagoxylon. Three of the four subgenera
of Nothofagus were recognized in the fossil
woods and a new infrageneric affinity for
Nothofagoxylon ruei was proposed. The described woods have affinity to extant genera
and species that inhabit Patagonia, except for
the Rosaceae wood where the generic affinity
is not well-established.
2010030244
山东临朐中中新世山旺组紫藤属(豆科)荚果
化 石 的 再 观 察 = Further Observations On
The Pod Fossils Of Wisteria(Leguminosae)
From The Middle Miocene Shanwang Formation Of Linqu,Shandong Province. (中文). 张
静;王祺. 古生物学报, 2010, 49(1): 87-95
豆科紫藤属 Wisteria 约有 5-6 个现生种,
间断分布于中国、日本和美国的温带地区,
但化石记录表明,该属在新近纪可能广泛分
布于捷克、荷兰、格鲁吉亚阿布哈兹、保
加利亚、罗马尼亚、俄罗斯远东、日本和
中国。因此,研究紫藤属化石有助于深入认
识它的早期演化、分类、多样性、古生态
和生物地理,其中荚果化石的分类价值和演
化意义尤为显著。文中基于对产自山东临
朐 中 中 新 世 山 旺 组 的 山 旺 紫 藤
W.shanwangensis 荚果化石的再观察,并结
合 紫 藤 属 3 个 现 生 种 —— 紫 藤
W.sinensis、藤萝 W.villosa 和多花紫藤
W.floribunda 的荚果发育特征,讨论这些化
石的分类、演化、发育和埋藏学意义。结
果进一步证明,山旺紫藤荚果化石与国产的
2 个现生种——紫藤和藤萝的荚果更为相似,
呈倒披针形、种子较少和室间缢缩明显。
比较而言,日本和美国产的紫藤属现生种—
—多花紫藤和美国紫藤 W.frutescens 的荚
果呈线形、种子较多和室间缢缩不明显,而
且日本中新世和上新世报道的紫藤属荚果
化石与多花紫藤的荚果更为相似。然而,中
国和日本报道的紫藤属荚果化石迄今都没
发现被毛,这与现生种中最原始的美国紫藤
的荚果相似,而与东亚紫藤属现生种密被绒
毛的荚果形成显著差别。
2010030245
来自韩国 Pohang 盆地 Duho 组的 Fraxinus
和 Liriodendron 的 翅 果 化 石 = FossilWinged Fruits of Fraxinus （Oleaceae） and
Liriodendron （ Magnoliaceae ） from the
Duho Formation, Pohang Basin, Korea. (英
文). Jung Seungho; Lee Seongjoo. Acta Geologica Sinica, 2009, 83(5): 845-852
A total of 16 specimens of fossil-winged
fruits were found from the Middle Miocene
marine deposits, Duho Formation, Pohang
Basin, Korea. They were identified into two
structurally different groups： 15 specimens
into a winged fruit of Fraxinus, and one
specimen of Liriodendron. The most samaras
（13 specimens） were identified as Fraxinus
oishii, which is characterized by narrowly
ovate or ovate-elliptic shapes that are 2.7-3.6
cm in length and 0.7-1 cm in width （i/w ratio=3.4-4）. The apexes of the Fraxinus oishii
samara are round or slightly emarginated, and
a seed of the samara is always located at the
base, of which the general shape is narrow
rhombic-ellipsoidal. The seed is 1.2-2 cm long
and 0.5-0.7 cm wide. Two specimens are different from the samara of Fraxinus oishii.
They have a 6.6 length/width ratio （3.3 cm
long and 0.5 cm wide）, and thus, are temporarily classified into the Fraxinus sp. One
specimen was recognized as a winged seed of
Liriodendron meisenense. The wing is broadly
lanceolate to elliptic in shape, has a smooth,
acute apex, and is approximately 3 cm long
and 0.7 cm wide. Samaras of Fraxinus oishii
and Liriodendron meisenense were early reported from the Middle Miocene deposits
from North Korea, but these specimens are the
first discovery in South Korea. Further study
74
of the Duho Formation may connect flora relationships between North and South Korea.
古无脊椎动物学
原 生 动 物
2010030246
热带地区潮间带底栖有孔虫的埋藏特征和
壳 退 化 模 式 = Taphonomic signatures and
patterns of test degradation on tropical, intertidal benthic foraminifera. (英文). Berkeley A;
Perry C T; Smithers S G. Marine Micropaleontology, 2009, 73(3-4): 148-163 5 图版.
The preservational condition of benthic foraminifera from tropical intertidal sediments
in Cleveland Bay, north Queensland, Australia
was examined in order to provide systematic
descriptions of taphonomic signatures and
semi-quantitative estimates of test degradation.
The primary aim was to improve understanding of the processes of test degradation experienced by intertidal foraminifera during
early burial. Eight common tropical, intertidal
foraminiferal species were examined:
Arenoparrella mexicana, Miliammina fusca,
Miliammina obliqua and Trochammina inflata
from two upper mangrove stations, and Ammonia aoteana, Elphidium excavatum clavatum, Pararotalia venusta and Parrellina hispidula from two mudflat stations. Taphonomic
alteration was broadly divided into surface/textural features and larger-scale, structural losses to tests. Surface alteration of calcareous tests was dominated by the etching
and roughening associated with dissolution
processes, with limited evidence for bioerosion and abrasion. Both surficial etching and
larger-scale structural damage were closely
related to test architecture, with degradation
most intense on porous chamber walls, as opposed to non-porous-areas, interlocular walls
and chamber tips. Furthermore, all calcareous
species exhibited consistent pathways of degradation whereby the most recently formed
chambers were the most vulnerable to degradation. The correspondence between largerscale test loss and these patterns of surface
textural alteration, suggests calcareous test
degradation is primarily driven by dissolution.
Degradation of agglutinated tests contrasts in
a number of ways. Pristine tests of all four
species examined exhibited a smooth, outer
organic coating, which may be missing from
other specimens. The extent to which this initial loss effects further test breakdown is uncertain, but appears to differ between species.
M. obliqua and some specimens of A. mexi-
cana exhibited structural damage which corresponded to clear cement losses and agglutinant disaggregation. More generally, agglutinated species displayed fracturing and test
breakages which bore no conspicuous relation
to cement loss. Furthermore, neither surface
alteration nor structural loss affected any part
of agglutinated tests preferentially, and therefore pathways of degradation were inconsistent across specimens. The fact that agglutinated tests degrade in a more arbitrary manner,
compared with calcareous tests, is taken as
evidence that their degradation is (1) not entirely controlled by test architecture, and (2) at
least partially driven by physical/mechanical
processes. We suggest that, if agglutinated
tests are not already inherently weaker than
their calcareous counterparts, the loss of organic cements may sufficiently weaken agglutinated tests so as to increase susceptibility to
physical damage. Tests were also graded according to the extent to which they were structurally degraded. Average taphonomic grades
and taphonomic variability (i.e. standard deviation) for all species at Cocoa Creek were
statistically invariant with depth, contrary to
expectations based on the concept of progressive burial through a taphonomically-active
zone. This indicates that shallow sub-surface
sediments are significantly homogenised, and
that sediment mixing and infaunal test production imparts a considerable effect on the development of surface and sub-surface dead
assemblages at the study site.
2010030247
盐度、基于镁和锶结合的海水方解石饱和
度对大型浮游有孔虫的影响：实验室试验
结果 = Effect of salinity and seawater calcite
saturation state on Mg and Sr incorporation in
cultured planktonic foraminifera. ( 英 文 ).
Dueñas-Bohórquez A; Elisabeth da Rocha R;
Kuroyanagi A; Bijma J; Reichart G J. Marine
Micropaleontology, 2009, 73(3-4): 178-189 0
图版.
Trace elements incorporated in planktonic
foraminiferal test carbonate are commonly
used as paleoproxies. For instance, Mg/Ca
ratios are frequently used for reconstructing
sea surface temperature and, together with the
foraminiferal stable oxygen isotope ratios, are
also used as paleosalinity proxy. Foraminiferal
Sr/Ca ratios constitute another example of the
application of trace elements in paleostudies
since they may reflect the Sr/Ca values of
seawater. However, over the past few decades
it has been proven that the incorporation of
75
trace elements in foraminiferal calcite is controlled by more than one environmental parameter. To quantify the effect of salinity on
Mg and Sr incorporation planktonic foraminifera Globigerinoides sacculifer (sensu
stricto) were grown in the laboratory under
different environmental conditions. Laboratory experiments allowed us to separate a direct salinity effect from a possible independent impact through differences in the calcite
saturation state of the seawater (Ω). Although
the temperature effect is more important than
the salinity effect, a change of 4 salinity units
is equivalent to a 1 °C bias on Mg/Ca-based
temperatures. This effect of salinity on Mg
incorporation is minor. However, when using
Mg/Ca-based temperatures in combination
with foraminiferal δ18O to calculate salinity, it
cannot be neglected. The present study shows
salinity as the overriding control on Mg incorporation within the range of Ω studied (Ω between 5.25 and 6.50; [CO32−] between 218 and
270 μmol/kg) at a constant temperature of
26 °C. In contrast, Ω appears to be the main
control on foraminiferal Sr incorporation
(0.10 mmol/mol per 100 µmol/kg rise in
[CO32−]), whereas salinity has a non significant influence on Sr/Ca.
2010030248
实验室分解有孔虫化石组合（埃
及,Dababiya,古新世-始新世最热事件）的
研究：古环境重建的启示 = Experimental
dissolution of a fossil foraminiferal assemblage (Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum,
Dababiya, Egypt): Implications for paleoenvironmental reconstructions. (英文). Nguyen T
M P; Petrizzo M R; Speijer R P. Marine
Micropaleontology, 2009, 73(3-4): 241-258
Dissolution experiments were carried out on
a foraminiferal assemblage from the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) at
Dababiya, Egypt, in order to: 1) reveal the
effects of differential dissolution on the composition of the foraminiferal assemblage and 2)
develop objective criteria for the evaluation of
dissolution in foraminiferal assemblages used
in early Paleogene paleoenvironmental reconstructions, particularly with respect to neritic
Midway-type assemblages from the Paleocene/Eocene transition. Our results confirm
two general observations on modern foraminifera: 1) planktic foraminifera are much
more vulnerable to dissolution than benthic
foraminifera, leading to depressed P/B ratios
and 2) dissolution susceptibility differs between size fractions, with the smaller speci-
mens dissolving more rapidly than the bigger
ones, leading to a larger average size of the
remaining assemblage. Within a size fraction,
wall structure and thickness are considered to
be the main factors controlling differential
dissolution susceptibility. We propose a ranking scheme for taxa with respect to dissolution
resistance. Among the benthic taxa, Lenticulina is most resistant, followed by the agglutinated Gaudryina cf. ellisorae and Alabamina midwayensis. Biserial and triserial
hyaline taxa and the porcelaneous Spiroloculina sp. are most susceptible to dissolution,
whereas rotaliines, such as Cibicidoides and
Anomalinoides have an intermediate susceptibility. This implies that mild dissolution of a
Midway-type benthic assemblage leads to a
relative enrichment in Lenticulina, Gaudryina
and rotaliines. Amongst planktic foraminifera,
the muricate taxa Acarinina and Morozovella
are most resistant, followed by the cancellate
Subbotina. The smooth and generally small
Globanomalina and Zeauvigerina are least
resistant to dissolution. Our data enable to objectively evaluate various degrees of dissolution in benthic and planktic foraminiferal assemblages retrieved from the lower Paleogene
Tethyan outcrops. In this way taphonomic artifacts can be readily distinguished from paleoenvironmental signals affecting the primary
composition of the assemblages. More generally, we propose that the combined use of foraminiferal numbers, P/B ratio and relative
abundances of non-calcareous agglutinated
taxa and Lenticulina may provide a powerful
proxy for assessing dissolution in hemipelagic
assemblages from Cenozoic and upper Cretaceous continental margins. In order to achieve
more robust pre-Quaternary paleoenvironmental reconstructions based on quantitative foraminiferal data, application of dissolution
proxies, like proposed here, or in slightly
modified form, should become a more widely
used micropaleontologic procedure. Particularly continental margin studies dealing with
major biotic events (e.g. PETM) or employing
P/B ratios for sea-level reconstructions should
benefit from such an approach.
2010030249
泥盆纪具有两个多孔球状构造和一个主刺
的放射虫生物多样性演化 = Evolution of
Devonian biodiversity of radiolarians with two
porous spheres and one main spine. (英文).
Afanasieva M S; Amon E O. Paleontological
Journal, 2009, 43(5): 483-498 4 图版.
76
Features and major distinctions in the appearance and distribution of radiolarians with
two porous spheres and one main spine in the
Devonian basins are considered. Four solitary
population waves and expansion scenario of
radiolarians of this morphotype have been
recognized in the Devonian. A new species,
Radiobisphaera rozanovi sp. nov., from the
Upper Emsian, Upper Eifelian, and Middle
Frasnian of the southern Ural Mountains, from
the Upper Eifelian of the Prague Basin (Barrandian), from the Middle-Upper Frasnian of
the Rudnyi Altai, and from the Lower Famennian of the Timan-Pechora Basin and the Polar
Ural Mountains is described.
2010030250
放射虫骨骼：体刺形态学，内部结构和初
始壳体 = Radiolarian skeleton: Morphology
of spines, internal framework, and primary
sphere. ( 英 文 ). Afanasieva M S. Paleontological Journal, 2007, 41(1): 1-14 7 图版.
The morphology and evolution of the internal framework, primary inner sphere, and
various spines of radiolarian skeletons are
considered. A new scheme of successive
stages of spine formation is offered. The convergent similarity of radiolarian spines and
sponge spicules are discussed.
2010030251
放射虫骨骼：骨骼壳的构造和形态 = Radiolarian skeletons: Formation and morphology of skeletal shells. (英文). Afanasieva M S.
Paleontological Journal, 2006, 40(5): 476489 6 图版.
A new scheme of successive stages in the
formation of radiolarian skeletons is proposed.
Successive complication of symmetry patterns
is considered. The morphology and evolutionary changes of five types of skeletal shells, i.e.,
latticed, reticulate, spongy, porous, and lamellar, are analyzed.
2010030252
比利牛斯海湾晚白垩世 K-战略有孔虫土著
分子的一 ophtalmidid 科: Meandropsinidae = Meandropsinidae, an ophtalmidid family of Late Cretaceous K-strategist foraminifera endemic in the Pyrenean Gulf. ( 英 文 ).
Hottinger L; Caus E. Neues Jahrbuch fur Geologie u. Palaontologie / Abhandlungen, 2009,
253(2-3): 249-279
The Meandropsinids are defined by their
diaphanous umbo in their porcelaneous shells
that is always present at least in their micro-
spheric gneration. All members of the family
Meandropsinidae occurwithin the Senonian
and are restricted to the Late Cretaceous Pyrenean Gulf, except the most simple and smallsized members Nummofallotia and Eofallotia.
In Spirapertolina and Larrazetia only microspheric specimens have been found. The
large-sized members of the Meandropsinid
family are interpreted as endemists in the
Pyrenean Gulf in analogy to the larger sized
representatives of the family Lacazinidae. The
results of the structural analysis of the Meandropsinidae oblige to introduce the following
new linnean names: Eofallotia simplex n. gen.
n. sp., Fascispira schlumbergeri n. sp. and
Alexina papyracea n. gen. n. sp.
2010030253
突尼斯 El Kef 地区白垩纪-第三纪界线灾难
性浮游有孔虫目灭绝事件中演化阶段定量
化研究 = Quantifying the evolutionary turnover across the K-T boundary catastrophic
planktic foraminiferal extinction event at El
Kef, Tunisia. (英文). Arenillas I; Arz J A;
Molina E. GFF, 2002, 124(3): 121-126
Four metrics (extinction ratio, speciation
ratio, taxonomic flux and volatility) were used
to quantify the planktic foraminiferal extinction and evolutionary pattern across the Cretaceous-Tertiary (K-T) boundary at El Kef (Tunisia). They revealed a stasis episode in the
terminal Maastrichtian, a K-T catastrophic
mass extinction and a post-K-T evolutionary
radiation. This pattern was also correlated
with geochemical and isotopic data. The impact evidence and the decrease in CaCO3, and
delta(13)C coincide with a period of high evolutionary volatility and significant changes in
the taxonomic flux which are both very compatible with the impact theory.
2010030254
古近纪早期 Morozovella velascoensis 族的
死亡：浮游有空虫目的末端初期发育 = On
the demise of the early Paleogene Morozovella velascoensis lineage: Terminal progenesis in the planktic foraminifera?. (英文).
Kelly D C; Bralower T J; Zachos J C.
GFF, 2000, 122(1): 86-87
2010030255
作为结壳苔藓虫基底的大型有孔虫（晚渐
新世，伊朗 Tethyan Seaway 地区） = Larger foraminifera as a substratum for encrusting bryozoans (Late Oligocene, Tethyan Seaway, Iran). ( 英 文 ). Berning B; Reuter M;
77
Piller W E; Harzhauser M; Kroh A. Facies, 2009, 55(2): 227-241
Considering the diversity and abundance of
larger foraminifera examined from a wide
range of Late Oligocene to Early Miocene palaeoenvironments in the Tethyan Seaway, encrusting bryozoans make extremely little use
of their tests as substratum. Significant encrustations by bryozoans were exclusively
found on large (ø c. 6 cm), undulating tests of
Lepidocyclina spp., on which, however, a remarkable 34 taxa of encrusting bryozoans
were recorded. This shallow-water fauna of
Chattian age was analyzed in respect of the
bryozoan taxa present, colony growth type,
and mode of budding, colony size, as well as
onset of reproduction. Taxic and morphological similarities between the fossil assemblage
and modern faunas encrusting mobile substrata indicate a long history of bryozoans as
part of the interstitial habitat, while the tests of
certain larger foraminifera may have played a
significant role in the evolution of shallowwater bryozoans by providing substrata for
encrusting species in otherwise unfavorable
environments.
2010030256
波罗的海哥特兰岛深水区层状沉积中的底
栖生物群证据 = Evidence of benthic colonisation during formation of laminated sediments in the Gotland Deep, Baltic Sea. (英文).
Sohlenius G; Wastegard S; Sternbeck J.
GFF, 1998, 120(3): 293-296
Benthic foraminifera were found in laminated non-bioturbated sediments from the
Gotland Deep in the Baltic Sea. The sediments
were deposited during the Littorina Sea stage
(8000-3000 C-14 yr. BP), where euxinic conditions (anoxic bottom water) prevailed in the
deepest part of the basin. The bottom water
became occasionally oxygenated when saline
oxic water entered the basin. During some of
the oxic periods, a benthic oxygen-demanding
fauna was able to colonise. The oxygen levels
below the sediment-water interface were,
however, too low to admit a burrowing fauna.
The foraminifera were protected from upward
diffusing H2S by a layer of manganese oxide
acting as a redox buffer. It is concluded that
colonisation of benthic foraminifera occurred
during short periods suggesting that an establishment could take place if the deep bottoms
of the present-day Baltic Sea became oxic.
2010030257
沿巴西红树林典型地区的有孔虫生态分带:
多样性,形态类型和近地表暴露时间的影响
= Foramniferal ecological zonation along a
Brazilian mangrove transect: diversity, morphotypes and the influence of subaerial exposure time. (英文). Semensatto-Jr. D L; Funo R
H F; Dias-Brito D; Coelho-Jr. C. Revista espanola de Micropaleontologia, 2009, 52(1):
67-74
Two foraminiferal associations comprising
only arenceous species define two distinct environments in a 340 m-long mangrove transect
at Cardoso Island, Trapande Bay. The "lower
muddy flat" , from the outer mangrove fringe
inwards towards land, is positioned in the
lower plain between 0.04 and 0.23 m above
the mean sea level, and remains subaerially
exposed between 48.5 and 65.6% of the time.
This environment is characterized by higher
foraminiferal diversity and evenness and is
dominated by Arenoparrella mexicana and
Trochammina inflata, and to a lesser extent by
Ammotium directum and Textularia earlandi.
2010030258
渤海莱州湾表层沉积物中底栖有孔虫分布
特征及其环境意义 = Distribution of benthic
foraminifera in surface sediments of the
Laizhou bay ,Bohai sea and its environmental
significance. (中文). 李小艳;石学法;程振波;
乔淑卿;吴永华;石丰登. 微体古生物学
报, 2010, 27(1): 38-44
对渤海莱州湾海域 240 个站位表层沉积
物中底栖有孔虫群落进行了分析,共鉴定常
见的底栖有孔虫 42 种。结果表明,莱州湾表
层沉积物中底栖有孔虫主要以玻璃质壳为
主(平均丰度达 70. 9 %) ,瓷质壳含量次之,胶
结壳含量最低;玻璃质壳占有孔虫全群的百
分含量,随水深的增加而增加;从黄河口向外
海方向,有孔虫分异度和丰度都逐渐增大。
该海域底栖有孔虫平面分布的主要控制因
素为盐度和底质沉积物类型,大体可分为两
个组合分区, I 区为 A mmonia beccariiQuinqueloculina spp . 组合,代表盐度较低的
近 岸 海 陆 过 渡 浅 水 环 境 ; II 区 为
Cribrononion subincertum-Protelphidium
tuberculatum 组合,代表盐度较高的远岸内
陆架环境。
2010030259
新特提斯海山长兴期有孔虫动物群：西藏
南部沿雅鲁-藏布地缝合线 Gyanyima 灰岩
= The Changhsingian foraminiferal fauna of a
78
Neotethyan seamount: the Gyanyima Limestone along the Yarlung-Zangbo Suture in
southern Tibet, China. ( 英 文 ). Wang Yue;
Ueno K; Zhang Yichun;Cao Chang-qun. Geological Journal, 2010, 45(2-3): 308 - 318
The Gyanyima Limestone is one of the isolated carbonate build-ups that have a probable
Neotethyan seamount origin, distributed along
the Yarlung-Zangbo Suture in southern Tibet.
The limestone yields a highly diversified foraminiferal fauna consisting of nine fusuline
and 37 taxa of non-fusuline foraminifers. This
foraminiferal fauna is dominated by
Reichelina pulchra, Colaniella parva and the
characteristic boultoniid genus Dilatofusulina.
We propose a new foraminiferal zone, the
Reichelina
pulchra-Colaniella
parvaDilatofusulina orthogonios Zone that represents the last prosperous stage of foraminifers
just before the end-Permian mass extinction.
This zone can be correlated broadly with the
Palaeofusulina sinensis Zone in the Eastern
Tethys based on advanced features observed
in the major elements of the fauna. The composition of the fauna suggests that during the
late Changhsingian, the Gyanyima Limestone
occupied a palaeogeographic position at lower
latitudes in the Neotethys. The fauna was
largely influenced by the warm-water equatoro-tropical Palaeotethys
2010030260
沉积物特征(颗粒大小和粘土矿物学)和有机
物性质对现生底栖有孔虫的控制作用 =
Sediment (grain size and clay mineralogy) and
organic matter quality control on living benthic foraminifera. (英文). Armynot du Chatelet E; Bout-Roumazeilles V; Riboulleau A;
Trentesaux A. Revista espanola de Micropaleontologia, 2009, 52(1): 75-84
This study investigates both the quality of
organic matter by elemental analysis as well
as the sediment grain size and clay mineralogy
to understand their relative influence on distribution and abundance of benthic foraminifera. This study is carried out on 15 samples
regularly spaced from the mudflat to the tidal
marsh. The results indicate that grain size is
the most limiting parameter.
2010030261
印度卡奇 Jumara 丘陵地区中上侏罗统有
孔虫 = Middle-Upper Jurassic Foraminifera
from Jumara Hills, Kutch, India. (英文). Gaur
K N; Talib A. Revista espanola de Micropaleontologia, 2009, 52(3): 227-248
A prolific foraminiferal assemblage comprising 51 species is reported from Jurassic
sediemnts of the Chari Formation, Jumara
Hills, India. The assemblage is dominated by
the families Vaginulinidae and Nodosariidae.
Sixteen species are reported for the first time
from the Indian region Including one new species. The foraminiferal assemblage suggests a
Callovian to Oxfordian age for the studied
sequence.
2010030262
在单一样品中依据典型特征和形态测量区
分 orthophragminid 种的对比研究－来自
法国 Aquitaine 西南部 Horsarrieu 地区上
Ypresian 阶的研究实例 = Typological versus morphometric separation of orthophragminid species in single samples - a case study
from Horsarrieu (upper Ypresian, SW
Aquitaine, France). (英文). Less G; Kovacs L
O. Revista espanola de Micropaleontologia, 2009, 52(4): 267-288
Thirteen different orthophragminid taxa
could be separated typologically from a single
sample collected by C. W. Drooger. Drooger
doubted the existence of many co-occurring
evolutionary lineages of larger foraminifera in
the Eocene suggesting that this may be an artifact of the typological species concept widely
used by the Paleogene larger foraminiferal
experts. It is shown here that typologically
determined taxa cn be separated as well with
the morphometric method, recommended by
Drooger. This provesalso the validity of the
concept os simultaneous evolutionary lineages.
It has been found that the typological method
is preferable when separatingdifferent taxa in
single samples, but in some cases, the independence of quantitatively close populations
can only be proved biometrically.
2010030263
突尼斯 Gabes 海湾 ASHTART 28 钻井始新
统以后基于有孔虫和古环境研究的生物地
层 = Biostratigraphy based on Foraminifera
and paleoenvironments of the post-Eocene
series in the ASHTART 28 drilling, Gulf of
Gabes (Tunisia). (英文). Bismuth H; Cahuzac
B; Poignant A; Hooyberghs H J F; SaidBenzarti R; Trigui A. Revista espanola de Micropaleontologia, 2009, 52(4): 289-315
The infralittoral Chattian sequence has especially supplied a diversified assemblage of
larger foraminifera recovered in other westmediterranean basins. Datings were obtained
based on planktonic and larger ben79
thicforaminifera and by correlations obtained
by means of well loggings and lithostratigraphy. Benthic foraminifera, mainly listed for
the Miocene and Oligocene, are studied from
a systematic, stratigraphic and paleogeographic point of view. The paleoenvironments of deposits are defined for each considered stratigraphic interval. Comparisons are
sketched with other drillings of the Gulf of
Gabes. Thanks to the numerous data obtained
by this detailed study, the Ashtart drilling cn
serve as a reference for the Tertiary sequence
of this part of the Mediterranean domain.
2010030264
长江口北支兴隆沙有孔虫组合与沉积环境
分析 = The Foraminiferal assemblages of core
xl2 in Xinglong Sand of the North Branch, the
Yangtze Estuary and its paleoenvironmental
implications. (中文). 周开胜;孟翊;刘苍字;洪
雪晴. 微体古生物学报, 2008, 25(1): 35-43
通过对长江口北支兴隆沙 XL2 孔 25 个
沉积物样品的有孔虫定量分析,发现该孔自
下而上有 4 个有孔虫组合带(含 10 个有孔
虫组合亚带) ,有孔虫分异度偏低,丰度变化
大,壳径偏小,含有壳径细小的浮游有孔虫,部
分壳体有机械破坏现象,这些特点反映出埋
葬群在形成过程中受潮流的搬运、机械分
选和破坏作用。结合沉积物粒度分析和环
境磁学分析,揭示了该孔沉积环境自下而上
按潮流脊—潮汐水道—潮流脊—潮坪演变
的模式,进而探讨了长江口北支沉积水动力
和物源。
2010030265
西藏康马天霸宗卓组发现放射虫及其年龄
意 义 = Discovery of Radiolaria from the
Zongzhuo Formation in Tianba, Kangmar,
Tibet and its Age Implication. ( 英 文 ). Li
Guobiao; Xie Dan; Wan Xiaoqiao; Han
Hongdou; Chen Puli. Acta Geologica
Sinica, 2009, 83(5): 853-859
There is a group of variegated marine deposits, including the red beds widespread in
the area of Tianba, Kangmar, southern Tibet,
which previous works have contributed to
Cretaceous Zongzhuo Formation by lithologic
associations only, but with poor fossil evidence. Due to the absence of age dating fossils,
the red bed age is obscure. Abundant Cretaceous radiolaria were discovered from the
Zongzhuo Formation in the present study. In
spite of the poor general preservation of some
radiolarian specimens as recrystallized quartz
infillings, 58 species from 46 genera of radio-
laria, extracted from chert and silicous limestone of the Zongzhuo Formation in Kangmar,
were identified on the basis of their shape and
ornamentation. Based on the radiolaria, the
age of the Zongzhuo Formation of this area
has been referred to as Late Cretaceous. The
new radiolarian data from the Zongzhuo Formation of Tianba area provide a local basis to
correlate these deposits with other regions of
the Tethyan Himalaya.
古杯、多孔及腔肠动物
2010030266
波兰南部 Debnik 背斜法门期晚期层孔虫 =
Late Famennian stromatoporoids from Debnik
anticline, southern Poland. ( 英 文 ). Wolniewicz P. Acta palaeontologica Polonica, 2009, 54(2): 337-350
Famennian Stromatoporoidea from the
Quasiendothyra communis Foraminiferal
Zone and slightly younger strata from the
Debnik anticline, form a succession of three
consecutive assemlages. Assemblages 1 and
3 consist of representatives of the order
Clathrodictyida, while assemblage 2 is dominated by the order Labechiida. The clathrodictyids are represented by the genus Gerronostroma, and labechiids are represented by the
genus Stylostroma. Two new species, Stylostroma multiformis sp. nov. and Gerronostroma
raclaviense sp. nov., are described.
2010030267
肛孔和渗出孔处的毛虫类管孔: 对研究化石
记录和具肛孔和渗出孔环节动物演化史的
意义 = Chaetopterid tubes from vent and seep
sites: Implications for fossil record and evolutionary history of vent and seep annelids. (英
文). Kiel S; Dando P R. Acta palaeontologica
Polonica, 2009, 54(3): 443-448
Vestimentiferan tube worms living at deepsea bydrothermal vents and cold seeps have
been considered as a clade with a long and
continuing evolutionary history in these ecosystems. Eheareas the fossil record appears to
support this view, molecular age estimates do
not. The two main features that are used to
identify vestimentiferan tubes in the fossil record are longitudinal ridges on the tube's surface and a tube wall constructed of multiple
layers. It is shown here that chaetopterid tubes
from modern vents and seeps--as well as a
number of fossil tubes from shallow-water
enrironments -- also show these two features.
We suggest that: current estimates for a relatively young evolutionary age based on mo80
lecular clock methods may be more reliable
than the inferences of "vestimentiferans"
based on putative fossils of these worms; not
all of these putative fossils actually belong to
this group; and that tubes from fossil seeps
should be investigated for chitinous remains to
substantiate claims of their potnetial siboglimid affinities.
2010030268
广 西 泥 盆 纪 早 埃 姆 斯 期 郁 江 组
Heterophaulactis Yu,1974 的进一步研究(英
文 ) = Further Study On Devonian Rugose
Coral Heterophaulactis Yu,1974 From Lower
Emsian Yujiang Formation In Guangxi,China.
(英文). 俞昌民. 古生物学报, 2010, 49(1): 2943
Heterophaulactis Yu 是作者建立并发表于
1974 年的一四射珊瑚属,产自广西郁江沿
岸、南宁至六景一带的泥盆纪郁江组,其时
代属早埃姆斯期牙形刺 kitabacus 带(前
dehiscens 带)。对此珊瑚属再行研究,是出
于:1)发表在"中国南方泥盆系的新进展"一
文,是与其它门类化石共同作为划分和对比
地层的化石依据,只限于中文简短描述,对化
石图影的展示也有严格的数量限制。尽管
此属己被收录在 Hill(1981)主编的古生物专
论的珊瑚分册中,也只是简短的英文描述和
有限的图影,未能充分展示其骨骼演变特
征;2)此属的分类位置、科的归属及与相关
属的属征比较与讨论,当初均未交待,应予阐
明;3)Heterophaulactis 属的地理分布广,遍及
滇桂两省,通过再研究,其产地已扩展至中国
西北地区;其地层分布又有一定的时限性,在
广西仅限于郁江组下部的石州段,时代为
kitabacus 带 , 其 它 地 区 也 仅 见 于 下 泥 盆
统。文中对 Heterophaulactis 属的模式
种,Heterophaulactis semicrassa 的骨骼特征
及个体发育过程中的演变均作详细的英文
描述和图影展示;与相关属比较之后,认为与
本属关系最为密切的是产于西秦岭山区下
泥盆统、发表在西北区化石图册上的有些
属种，其中有的属种可以归于本属。
苔 藓 动 物
2010030269
奥陶纪苔藓虫狭管苔藓纲集群生长习性的
演化：营养适应（列宁格勒地区，俄罗
斯） = Evolution of the colonial growth habit
in the ordovician bryozoans of the class
stenolaemata: Feeding adaptations (Leningrad
Region, Russia). (英文). Gorjunova R V. Pa-
leontological Journal, 2009, 43(11): 13901405 10 图版.
Based on the study of the growth habits
and the relief of the colony surface in bryozoans of the class Stenolaemata from the
Lower (Latorp horizon) and Middle (Volchov
and Kunda horizons) Ordovician of the Leningrad Region, these bryozoans are shown to
develop from the simple, unilaminate colonies
(BIβ) to the massive colonies with a nodular
surface and smooth columnar colonies (BIIα),
which subsequently evolved into the columnar-spiral (BIIβ) and more complex erect
branching and fenestrate constructions (BIIγ),
and subsequently into the branching, articulate
colonies (BIIIα). The apertures of autozooecia
and the character of their arrangement on the
colony surface changed correlatively from the
circular (BIβ) to polygonal and roundedpolygonal, randomly arranged apertures, and subsequently to the oval apertures (BIIIα) arranged
in strictly regular longitudinal or longitudinaldiagonal rows or in a quincuncial pattern.
Thus, the development of growth habits in the
bryozoans under consideration has a progressive character. It is expressed in the progressive increase in the complexity of growth habits of colonies and in the more regular arrangement of apertures and other structures on
the colony surface. The directionality of morphological changes in the growth habits of
colonies of Ordovician bryozoans was apparently closely associated with the development
of more complex environmental interactions
of these bryozoans, especially with water currents supplying food particles. It is suggested
that the high competitive ability of bryozoans
of the class Stenolaemata at early stages of its
development in the basin of Baltoscandia was
apparently due to the better use of food resources.
2010030270
Thamniscus King, 1849（Fenestellida：苔
藓虫门）：William King 的初始标本以及
它们对属概念的影响 = Thamniscus King,
1849 (Fenestellida: Bryozoa): William King’s
original specimens and their bearing on the
genus concept. (英文). Wyse Wyse Jackson P
N; Ernst A; Lisitsyn D V. Paleontological
Journal, 2006, 40(1): 75-78 1 图版.
Reassessment of the suite of specimens
used by William King when he erected the
fenestrate bryozoan genus Thamniscus in 1849
has shown that they belong to two genera.
However, King’s original generic concept
only allows for some of these specimens to be
81
included within Thamniscus. These specimens
are illustrated. A recent generic treatment is
consistent with King’s original generic concept.
2010030271
食物浓度对苔藓虫 Electra pilosa 骨骼形态
的阈值效应 = Threshold effects of food concentration on the skeletal morphology of the
bryozoan Electra pilosa (Linnaeus, 1767). (英
文). Hageman S J; Needham L L; Todd C D.
Lethaia, 2009, 42(4): 438-451
Many palaeontological studies rely heavily
on characteristics of the preserved phenotype,
i.e. the morphology of skeletal hard parts. Although the potential for environmental influences on the phenotype is expected, rarely is
the magnitude of the effects quantifiable relative to genetic factors. The clonal/colonial
body plan of Bryozoa allows for the partitioning of morphological variance into its genetic
and environmental factors addressing the
question of, 'how much phenotypic variation is
induced in a population by changing a single
environmental factor?' The effects of variation
of food concentration on whole-colony growth
rate and on zooid size/morphology can be profound in bryozoans. Here we test experimentally food effects on the skeletal phenotype of
the bryozoan Electra pilosa (Linnaeus, 1767),
an encrusting sheet-like bryozoan. A threshold
effect was observed for the relationship between zooecium size and food concentration.
Very low concentrations resulted in stunted
colonies with small zooecia, but at low to intermediate concentrations a close relationship
existed with zooecium size. Maximum
zooecium size occurred at submaximal food
concentration and submaximum zooecium
size occurred at higher food concentrations.
Previous studies that have reported no effect
of food availability on zooecium size assessed
food concentration effects at higher concentrations than were effective in the present study.
In the absence of other factors, variation in
zooecium size is minimal and unchanging at
moderate to high food concentrations. Greater
variation in zooecium size is expected at and
below threshold food concentrations. We
show that the preservable phenotype of these
specimens subjected to controlled and induced
environmental variation also records information with genetic significance.
2010030272
所有骨骼化的后生动物门起源于寒武纪：
墨西哥南部上寒武统发现地球上最古老的
苔藓虫动物 = Cambrian origin of all skeletalized metazoan phyla—Discovery of Earth's
oldest bryozoans (Upper Cambrian, southern
Mexico). (英文). Landing E; English A; Keppie J D. Geology, 2010, 38(6): 547-550
Exquisite Pywackia baileyi Landing n. gen.
and sp. specimens from the lower Tiñu Formation, southern Mexico, extend the bryozoan
record into the Upper Cambrian. They are 8
m.y. older than the purported oldest bryozoans
from South China, and show that all skeletalized metazoan phyla appeared in the Cambrian.
The new form differs from similar, twig-like
cryptostomes by its shallow autozooecia and
an elongate axial zooid, which may be homologous to the stolon in nonmineralized
ctenostomes. It may morphologically resemble
mineralized stem group bryozoans that retained a stolon-like individual, although an
ability to bud was acquired by the feeding individuals (autozooids). The latest Cambrian
origin of bryozoans, several mollusk classes
(polyplacophorans, cephalopods), and euconodonts was a major evolutionary development and can be considered the onset of the
Ordovician radiation of more complex marine
communities.
2010030273
波兰侏罗山中侏罗世环口类苔藓虫 = Middle Jurassic cyclostome bryozoans from the
Polish Jura. (英文). Zaton M; Taylor P D.
Acta palaeontologica Polonica, 2009, 54(2):
267-288
New collections of bryozoans from the
Middle Jurassic of Poland add significantly to
our knowledge of the diversity and biogeography of the Cyclostomata at a time when they
were the dominant bryozoan order in the fossil
record. A total of 16 species and one formgenus ("Berenicea") are encrusters, predominantly on hiatus concretions. A single erect
species was found in deposits interpreted as
regurgitates of a marine vertebrate. The following new species are described: Microeciella annae, M. kuklinskii, M. maleckii,
M. mokrskoensis, M. magnopora, Reptomultisparsa harae, and Hyporosopora bugajensis.
腕 足 动 物
2010030274
中国南部贵州省硅化的安尼期石燕贝型腕
足 类 = Silicified Anisian (Middle Triassic)
spiriferinid brachiopods from Guizhou, South
China. (英文). Sun Zuoyu; Hao Weicheng;
82
Sun Yuanlin; Jiang Dayong. Acta palaeontologica Polonica, 2009, 54(1): 61-68
A newly discivered silicified brachiopod
from the Upper Member of the Guanling Formation is described for the first time. The
most remarkable feature of this brachiopod
assemblage, besides the very good preserbvation, is the very low taxonomic evenness and
diversity. This impoverished, low diversity/high density assemblage is represented by
more than 700 recovered specimens belonging
to three species within two spiriferinid genera
(Pseudospiriferina multicostata, P. pinguis,
and Punctospirella fragilis). It is characterized
by the overwhelming abundance of an endemic spiriferinid species, P. multicostata,
which contributes to more than 90% of the
community.
2010030275
波兰 Holy Cross 山脉 Kowala 地区法门最
晚期腕足类 = Lates Famennian brachiopods
from Kowala, Holy Cross Mountains, Poland.
(英文). Halamski A T; Balinski A. Acta palaeontologica Polonica, 2009, 54(2): 289-306
Latest Famennian brachiopod fauna consists of eighteen species within 6 orders,
eleven of them reported in open nomenclature.
New morphological details of Schellwienella
pauli, Sphenospira julii, and Aulacella interlineata are provided. The described latest
Famennian brahiopod fauna is distinctly richer
than that from underlying upper Famennian
deposits (11 species within 4 orders). Majority
of species from Kowala seem to have been
adapted to deep water settings and/or poor
nutrient availability.
2010030276
早寒武世"软壳"腕足动物有可能当作干群
蠕 形 动 物 = Early Cambrian "soft-shelled"
brachiopods as possible stem-group phoronids.
(英文). Balthasar U; Butterfield N J. Acta palaeontologica Polonica, 2009, 54(2): 307-314
Brachiopods and phoronids are widely recognised as closely related lophophorate phyla,
but the lack of morphological intermediates
linking the bivalved bodyplan of brachiopods
with tubular phoronids has frustrated precise
phylogenetic placement. Here we describe
Lingulosacculus nuda gen. et sp. nov., a new
"soft-shelled" brachiopod from the early
Cambrian Mural Formation of western Alberta
which provides a plausible candidate for a
phoronid stem-group within Brachiopoda.
2010030277
关岭新铺卡尼期腕足类古生态及对创孔海
百合假浮游生活方式的质疑 = Palaeoecology Of Carnian Brachiopods From Xinpu
Area,Guanling,Guizhou,China And Query On
The Life Style Of Pseudoplanktonic Traumatocrinus(Crinoid). (中文). 曾庆銮. 古生物学
报, 2010, 49(1): 96-107
关岭新铺晚三叠世早期卡尼期(Carnian)
龙层及其下伏竹杆坡组上、中部的腕足类
从上到下可划分为 Linguloid, Laballa, Pseudokoninckina 等 3 个化石群落。根据各群落
特征分子的固着方式、生活习性、贝体形
态和大小,以及与其他生物共同埋藏情况,并
考虑围岩性质等方面的综合因素,得出
Pseudokoninckina 群落的古生态底域位于
BA4 内侧至 BA3 外侧,Laballa 群落的古生
态位置相当于 BA2,而 Linguloid 群落则为
BA1。在此基础上进一步阐明关岭新铺从
竹杆坡组中部至龙层呈现明显海退过程,其
古生态底域位置从 BA4 内侧至 BA3 外侧一
直退到 BA1。依据此变化绘出新铺卡尼期
海平面下降示意图。对创孔海百合被一些
学者推断为假浮游的生活方式提出质疑和
讨论,得出当时创孔海百合不可能为假浮游
的生活方式,它们应是营底栖的。
2010030278
真 正 的 Dalmanella 和 北 美 晚 奥 陶 世
dalmanellid 腕足类的分类学意义 = True
Dalmanella and taxonomic implications for
some Late Ordovician dalmanellid brachiopods from North America. (英文). Jin J S;
Bergstrom J. GFF, 2010, 132(1): 13-24
Examination of topotype material of the
type species of Dalmanella, D. testudinaria,
from the Hirnantian strata of Borenshult,
southern Sweden, revealed several diagnostic
characters that distinguish the type species
from some common North American species
assigned previously to the genus. The typical
Dalmanella testudinaria has a consistently developed, primary medial interspace in the dorsal valve, a cardinal process with an invariably
bilobed myophore, punctae of two distinctly
different sizes, and a lack of aditicules. In contrast, many Late Ordovician species from
North America, such as 'Dalmanella' meeki
and 'Dalmanella' multisecta from the Cincinnati type area, consistently have a dorsal medial costa, with a strong tendency to develop
aditicules and a trilobate cardinal process.
This study confirms the previous notion of
many authors that true Dalmanella testudinaria,
83
or the genus as a whole, is either rare or entirely absent in North America. Typical Dalmanella was predominant in cool-water depositional environments (such as the Hirnantia
Fauna), whereas the North American dalmanellids (e.g. Cincinnati-type 'Dalmanella',
Paucicrura, and Diceromyonia) were most
abundant and diverse in tropical, epicontinental sea settings. A clear definition of the true
Dalmanella, therefore, has important implications for the study of Late Ordovician-Early
Silurian brachiopod evolution, paleoecology,
and paleobiogeography.
软 体 动 物
2010030279
阿根廷科迪勒拉东部下奥陶统 Floian 阶内
角石类头足类 Protocyptendoceras 综述 =
A review of the endocerid cephalopod Protocyptendoceras from the Floian (Lower Ordovician) of the Eastern Cordillera, Argentina.
(英文). Cichowolski M. Acta palaeontologica
Polonica, 2009, 54(1): 99-109
In this work, the endocerid proterocameroceratid Protocyptendoceras is revised using
new material from La Cienaga, 5 km from
Purmamarca. The species P. corvalani and P.
teicherti are considered to be junior synonyms
of P. fuenzalidae, which is redescribed in detail and reillustrated. Specimens preserve
adapical parts of isolated siphuncles, related
here to the presence of endocones in a posterior portion. Evidently P. fuenzalidae had a
nektobenthic mode of life in a shallow water
environment, oriented horizontally. Its palaeobiogeographical affinities are mainly with
Floian proterocameroceratids from Eastern
Gondwana, such as Anthoceras decorum and
the related genera Lobendoceras, Ventroloboceras, and Notocycloceras.
2010030280
竹节石的有机质残体: 波兰上泥盆统的新证
据 = Organic remains of tentaculitids: New
evidence from Upper Devonian of Poland. (英
文 ). Filipiak P; Jarzynka A. Acta palaeontologica Polonica, 2009, 54(1): 111-116
Organic remains of tentaculitids have been
recovered during palynological research on
archival samples from the Dobrzyca 2 borehole. Untill now tentaculids are widely known
from their abundant mineralised shells. As
organic remains, on the other hand, they have
only been known since 2004. The present discovery is currently the second one of this kind
found in Upper Devonian strata. The shape
and morphology of some recognized tentaculitid orgnic remains are similar to embryonic
and juvenile forms of dacryoconarids beloging
to orders Nowakiida and Stylionida. Based on
palynomorphs, the age of the two samples investigated has been established as
Frasnian, RB and Rd local miospore zones.
2010030281
海笋科双壳类 Barnea (Anchomasa) 的系统
发育和生物地理, 兼评海笋超科
（Pholadoidea） 的系统发育 = Phylogney
and biogography of pholadid bivalve Barnea
(Anchomasa) with considerations on the phylogeny of Pholadoidea. (英文). Monari S. Acta
palaeontologica Polonica, 2009, 54(2): 315335
The paper examines the sytematics, phylogeny and biogeographical history of Barnea
(Anchomasa), which is one of the most abundant and diversified of modern pholadid bivalves. The range morphology of its distinctive characters and comparisons with other
pholadoidean taxa are described in detail. An
extensive cladistic analysis based on morphological characters at genus and subgenus levels allowed the inclusion of B. (Anchomasa)
into the phylogney of Pholadoidea and the
establishment of its most appropriate taxonomic position. The analysis confirms that
Barnea s.s. and B. (Umitakea) are its closest
relatives and that the morphological similarites to other taxa are mainly due to plesiomorphies.
2010030282
阿根廷巴塔哥尼亚中西部早侏罗世广布性
海相腹足类 = Cosmopolitan Early Jurassic
marine gastropods from west-central Patagonia, Argentina. (英文). Ferrari S M. Acta palaeontologica Polonica, 2009, 54(3): 449-461
The gastropod association at the "El cordoba" fossiliferous locality consists of three
new species: The eucyclid Amberleya?
espinosa sp. nov. and two procerithids Cryptaulax damboreneae sp. nov. and Cryptaulax
nulloi sp. nov. Other members of the association are the ataphrid Striatoconulus sp., discohelicid Colpomphalus? sp., and an undetermined zygopleurid. Knowledge on Early Jurassic gastropods from South America and
other southern continents is reviewed to show
that the taxonomic composition of the El Cordoba association strongly resembles other gastropod associations of this age, suggesting a
wide distribution of cosmopolitan genera.
84
2010030283
日 本 北 海 道 Nakagawa 地 区 晚 白 垩 世
Omagari 和 Yasukawa 碳氢化合物渗漏沉
积中的腹足类 = Gastropods from Late Cretaceous Omagari and Yasukawa hydrocarbon
seep deposits in the Nakagawa area, Hokkaido,
Japan. (英文). Kaim A; Jenkins R G; Hikida
Y. Acta palaeontologica Polonica, 2009,
54(3): 463-490
Sixteen gastropo species from two Campanian hydrocarbon seep localities are described. Seven species are new. The most
common species in the investigated localities
are acmaeid limpets, tiny turbinids, and provannids/ hokkaidoconchids. The Upper Cretaceous associations described here do not resemble Lower Cretaceous associations known
from other regions but are composed of species similar to gastropods from Recent hydrocarbon seeps and hydrothermal vents in the
Northwestern Pacific. This strongly suggest
that this region possesses a regional pool of
gastropods in chemosynthesis-based communities at least since Late Cretaceous time.
2010030284
俄 罗 斯 Salair 地 区 Cabrieroceras 属
(Werneroceratidae 科,菊石亚纲)的发现 = A
discovery of the genus Cabrieroceras
(Werneroceratidae, Ammonoidea) in Salair.
(英文). Nikolaeva S V; Bakharev N K. Paleontological Journal, 2010, 44(3): 253-260 4
图版.
The ammonoid genus Cabrieroceras Bogoslovsky is recorded for the first time from
the Eifelian ofSalair (from the Safonovo Horizon). These ammonoids date the host rocks as
the Cabrieroceras crispiformeZone, recognized in many sections in Western Europe,
North America, and North Africa. The taxonomy of the genus Cabrieroceras is discussed,
and a new species, C. salairicum Nikolaeva, is
described.
2010030285
北乌拉尔 Kobylka 河新的二叠纪菊石动物
群 = A new Permian ammonoid fauna of the
Kobylka River (North Urals). (英文). Borissenkov K V. Paleontological Journal, 2010,
44(3): 261–266 5 图版.
A new ammonoid fauna from the Artinskian–Kungurian boundary beds is described
from the
Kobylka River basin (North Urals). Two new
species, Sakmarites tardus sp. nov. and Para-
gastrioceras kobylkense sp. nov., are described.
2010030286
二叠纪 Cyclolobidae 科菊石的修订 = Revision of the Permian ammonoid family
Cyclolobidae. (英文). Leonova T B. Paleontological Journal, 2010, 44(3): 267-274 3 图
版.
The development of views on the phylogeny of the family Cyclolobidae Zittel, 1895 is
discussed. The generic composition is
emended, phylogenetic links are indicated, a
new version of the phylogenetic scheme is
proposed, and phylogeny of the key genera is
traced at species level. The sutural ontogeny
of the genus Mexicoceras is examined, its
placement in the family Cyclolobidae is supported, and its position in the phylogenetic
reconstruction of the family is determined.
2010030287
乌拉尔早二叠世 Paragastrioceratidae 科菊
石的演化 = Evolution of the early Permian
family Paragastrioceratidae (Ammonoidea) in
the Urals. (英文). Boiko M S. Paleontological
Journal, 2010, 44(3): 275-281 2 图版.
This paper discusses the evolution of the
Early Permian ammonoid family Paragastrioceratidae in the Urals, with an emphasis on the
terminal Artinskian-Kungurian stage of evolution in this group. New data on the Kungurian
members of the family are discussed. Patterns
of morphological and ecological changes of
the Uralian paragastrioceratids are analyzed.
2010030288
俄罗斯科学院 Borissiak 古生物所收藏的
Novaya Zemlya 地区二叠纪菊石标本的数
量变化 = Changed number of the collection
of Permian ammonoids from Novaya Zemlya
housed in the cited collection repository of the
Borissiak Paleontological Institute, Russian
Academy of Sciences. (英文). Leonova T B.
Paleontological Journal, 2010, 44(3): 356
节 肢 动 物
2010030289
瑞典斯堪 Andrarum 地区晚寒武世石三叶
虫带中的动物群动力演化和小进化调查 =
Faunal dynamics and microevolutionary investigations in the Upper Cambrian Olenus
Zone at Andrarum, Skane, Sweden. (英文).
Clarkson ENK; Ahlberg P; Taylor C M.
GFF, 1998, 120(3): 257-267
85
The Upper Cambrian Homagnostus obesus/Olenus Biozone is well exposed in the old
quarries at Andrarum, and is typically represented by unfossiliferous black shales with
fossiliferous carbonate concretions. Near the
north end of the "Great Quarry", however, the
shales themselves are replete with fossils, and
in these a 1.8 m section has been logged to
establish how trilobite populations fluctuated
through time. Successive bedding planes were
examined, at l-cm intervals where possible,
and for each surface trilobite exuviae, with
rare complete specimens were counted within
a 5x5 cm quadrat. Olenus and Homagnostus
are very common, but their abundance fluctuates dramatically; they co-occur in the upper
part of the sequence but are otherwise almost
mutually exclusive. This suggests that they
had different ecological requirements. The
rare Glyptagnostus and the bradoriid "ostracode" Cyclotron are confined to particular
levels; the latter genus is found where no other
fossils are present and may have been tolerant
of very low oxygen levels. Eight horizons or
bands are defined, based upon occurrence and
abundance of the faunas; these bands are
sometimes separated by clays, possibly relies
of storm events. The logged section partially
overlaps with that of Kaufmann. In our shale
succession, Olenus truncatus, O. wahlenbergi
and O. attenuatus are present in sequence, and
the lengthening and narrowing of the pygidium, and the development of lateral spines
in O. attenuatus as recorded by Kaufmann, are
confirmed.
2010030290
中寒武世世界性的关键种 Lejopyge laevigata 和它的生物带：来自瑞典的新数据 =
The middle Cambrian cosmopolitan key species Lejopyge laevigata and its biozone: new
data from Sweden. ( 英 文 ). Axheimer N;
Eriksson M E; Ahlberg P; Bengtsson A. Geological Magazine, 2006, 143(4): 447-455
The middle Cambrian Lejopyge laevigata
Zone is poorly exposed in Scandinavia. Both
this zone, however, and the succeeding Agnostus pisiformis Zone are well exposed at a
classic locality at Gudhem, Vastergotland,
south-central Sweden. The sequences consist
of finely laminated alum shale with scattered
stinkstone (orsten) lenses. Three measured and
sampled sections yielded a diverse fossil fauna,
dominated by trilobites, in particular agnostoids, and the bradoriid Anabarochilina
primordialis. Fossils are excellently preserved
but restricted to the stinkstones. The L. laevi-
gata Zone at Gudhem includes several geographically widespread key agnostoid species,
notably Tomagnostella sulcifera, Clavagnostus spinosus, Glaberagnostus altaicus,
Lejopyge laevigata and L. armata. The L.
laevigata Zone in Scandinavia is here extended to include the traditional Solenopleura?
brachymetopa Zone, and its lower boundary is
defined by the FAD of L. laevigata. Trilobite
evidence shows that the upper part of the
Scandinavian L. laevigata Zone approximately
correlates with the Proagnostus bulbus Zone
of China and elsewhere.
2010030291
法国西南部和黎巴嫩早白垩世琥珀中的新
啮虫目(昆虫纲：啮虫目：Trogiomorpha)
化石 = New Psocoptera in the Early Cretaceous amber of SW France and Lebanon (Insecta : Psocoptera : Trogiomorpha). (英文).
Perrichot V; Azar D; Neraudeau D; Nel A.
Geological Magazine, 2003, 140(6): 669-683
Proprionoglaris guyoti gen. nov., sp. nov.,
Parapsyllipsocus vergereaui gen. nov., sp.
nov., and Prospeleketor albianensis gen. nov.,
sp. nov. are described from the Early Cretaceous amber of Archingeay (SW France). Libanoglaris mouawadi gen. nov., sp. nov. is
described from the Early Cretaceous amber of
Lebanon. They are all placed into the suborder
Trogiomorpha, incertae familiae. The discovery of these new taxa together with a first phylogenetic analysis of the trogiomorphan families demonstrate the necessity of a cladistic
redefinition of the currently admitted major
subdivisions of this suborder.
2010030292
威尔士南部早泥盆世节肢动物遗迹：生产
者 和 它 们 行 为 的 功 能 分 析 = Arthropod
trackways from the Early Devonian of South
Wales: a functional analysis of producers and
their behaviour. (英文). Smith A; Braddy S J;
Marriott S B; Briggs DEG. Geological Magazine, 2003, 140(1): 63-7
Abundant arthropod trackways, assigned to
Diplichnites gouldi, are described from the
Lower Old Red Sandstone (Early Devonian;
Lochkovian) of Pant-y-Maes quarry, Brecon
Beacons, South Wales. The trackways are preserved on bedding planes of finely laminated
planar and rippled siltstones. The sedimentology of the succession indicates that these units
represent bar top and marginal deposits in a
braided fluvial setting. Two trackway types
are recognized (Type A and B); comparisons
86
with contemporaneous myriapodous producers
favour kampecarid and eoarthropleurid myriapods, respectively. Functional analysis of the
trackways indicates that the producers were
not using the most efficient, stable, walking
techniques, but instead utilized in-phase
'swimming stroke'-like gaits. Together with
their occurrence on rippled surfaces, and lateral displacement of some trackways (attributed to currents), this indicates that they were
produced sub-aqueously.
2010030293
俄罗斯北极圈 Severnaya Zemlya 地区的上
寒武统三叶虫和腕足动物地层对比和生物
地理意义 = Upper Cambrian trilobites and
brachiopods from Severnaya Zemlya, Arctic
Russia, and their implications for correlation
and biogeography. (英文). Rushton A W A;
Cocks L R M; Fortey R A. Geological Magazine, 2002, 139(3): 281-290
A new Late Cambrian trilobite-brachiopod
fauna from the Kurchavinskaya Formation,
Severnaya Zemlya, northern Siberia, allows
correlation of the Ketyi Horizon of the NW
Siberian succession with the praccursor Zone
of the Baltic olenid zonation. The presence on
Severnaya Zemlya of the typically Siberian
trilobite Kujandaspis ketiensis indicates that
even if Severnaya Zemlya lay on a separate
plate, whether Kara or Arctida as postulated
by other authors, then it was still probably not
far from Siberia. However, the associated
brachiopods are partly endemic to Severnaya
Zemlya, thus giving some support to the independent palaeomagnetic evidence for their
origin on a plate separate from Siberia.
2010030294
英国北部 Cautley 地区的晚奥陶世介形动
物：波罗的海和劳伦古陆的关系 = Upper
Ordovician ostracods from the Cautley district,
northern England: Baltic and Laurentian affinities. (英文). Williams M; Stone P; Siveter
D J; Taylor P. Geological Magazine, 2001,
138(5): 589-607
The Cautley Mudstone Formation and Cystoid Limestone Member of the Ashgill Formation (Windermere Supergroup; Ashgill Series),
from the Cautley district of northern England,
has yielded an ostracod fauna of more than 30
species. Many of these have short ranges,
permitting recognition of stratigraphically
successive Pusgillian-lower Cautleyan, middle
upper Cautleyan, and Rawtheyan ostracod
faunas. Several species are also known from
the upper Ordovician of North America (Anticosti Island), Scotland (Girvan district) and
the Baltic region (Estonia, glacial erratic boulders of northern Germany), providing evidence to correlate upper Ordovician successions in these areas. The ostracods include
abundant podocopes, at some horizons accounting for more than 80% of the fauna. Binodicopes are also common, but palaeocopes
are rare. Assemblages are typical of a clastic
dominated open marine shelf setting. Diversity at most horizons is low (c. 3-5 species),
but reaches a peak of between 13-14 species
in middle Cautleyan horizons. Lower diversity
at Pusgillian and Rawtheyan horizons coincides with the encroachment of deeper marine-shelf facies which were probably hostile
to Ordovician benthonic ostracods. Some of
the ostracods (particularly Aechmina) have
distributions suggesting tolerance of a range
of mid- to deep shelf benthonic palaeoenvironments, but none were pelagic. During Ashgill times the Cautley district (part of palaeocontinental Avalonia) was replete with ostracod genera and species which also occur in the
Baltic region (palaeocontinental Baltica, more
than 90% generic similarity) and to a lesser,
but nonetheless significant extent in North
America and Scotland (parts of palaeocontinental Laurentia). Such trans-Tornquist Sea
and Iapetus Ocean distributional patterns add
to previous ostracod data that support models
which show palaeogeographical proximity of
Avalonia and Baltica, and Avalonia and
Laurentia, by Ashgill times. The widely cited
observation, that trans-Iapetus ostracod faunas
remained strictly provincial until the mid-or
late Silurian, cannot be sustained.
2010030295
阿根廷上三叠统一个新的甲壳类克拉姆虾
及其作为‘介甲目’系统分类的重要性 = A
new crustacean clam shrimp (Spinicaudata:
Eosestheriidae) from the Upper Triassic of
Argentina and its importance for 'conchostracan' taxonomy. (英文). Gallego O F. Alcheringa, 2010, 34(2): 179 - 195
A new species of a fossil crustacean clam
shrimp (Spinicaudata: Eosestheriidae) Menucoestheria wichmanni is described from the
lower Upper Triassic Vera Formation (Los
Menucos Complex) in R o Negro Province,
southern Argentina. This discovery represents
the first record of this family in the Triassic of
Argentina and the southernmost record of
South American Triassic 'conchostracans'
(Spinicaudata). The new species shows close
87
affinities with Middle Jurassic faunas from
Antarctica and offers important data on the
taxonomy (notably the use of ornamentation
characters), palaeobiogeography (as South
America hosts the oldest-known fossils of this
family) and evolution of the Gondwanan faunas. Other South American eosestheriid species are tentatively recognized. Menucoestheria is hypothesized to be the ancestral form of
the Triassic-Jurassic Gondwanan eosestheriids.
Relationships between European and Gondwanan eosestheriids remain unresolved
2010030296
西班牙 Celtiberia 和 Pyrenees 地区早泥盆
世 介 形 类 生 物 地 层 学
=
BIOSTRATIGRAPHY
OF
EARLY
DEVONIAN
OSTRACODES
FROM
CELTIBERIA AND PYRENEES (SPAIN).
(英文). Dojen Claudia; Ignacio ValenzuelaRios Jose; Carls Peter. Palaeontographica
Americana, 2009, (63): 145-155
Early Devonian ostracodes are frequently
considered to be only of little or regional biostratigraphical significance. This seems to be
due to inadequate knowledge: the existing
scattered stratigraphical and geographical data
on ostracodes of different facies do not yet
provide a stable biostratigraphical subdivision.
This paper presents the biostratigraphical results from a detailed taxonomic study of benthic ostracodes from Celtiberia (Eastern Iberian Chains and Eastern Guadarrama) and
from an initial study on hemipelagic ostracodes from the Spanish Pyrenees. Both of
these ostracode successions are age-controlled
especially by conodonts. The studied ostracodes from Celtiberia are of an early
Lochkovian to Zlichovian age. Correlations
with other age-revised benthic ostracode collections revealed that 12 species have comparatively short ranges and occur in at least
two distant paleogeographical areas. Among
these,
Placentella
heraultiana
GroosUffenorde, 1979, is considered as an index
fossil for the gronbergi to nothoperbonus
conodont zone (Zlichovian). The occurrences
and revised ranges of an additional 25 longranging taxa are documented. Besides, 38
short-ranging taxa only known from Celtiberia
provide regional biostratigraphical data. Early
Lochkovian to earliest Pragian ostracodes
from hemipelagic facies of the Spanish Pyrenees are documented here for the first time.
These well-dated taxa show a remarkable biostratigraphical succession: in almost every
conodont zone, some taxa newly appear and
others disappear. Most of these taxa are new
species and have short ranges. This relatively
high number of short-ranging taxa that so far
are exclusively known from the Pyrenees reflects the inadequate taxonomic database for
Lochkovian and Pragian ostracodes. We expect to find many of them in coeval strata of
similar sedimentary facies, especially in Armorica, northern Africa, and Nevada. The biostratigraphical studies of the Spanish ostracodes are promising. Further studies on ostracodes with independent and detailed age control and a thorough study of long-ranging taxa
and taxonomic groups are required to improve
the biostratigraphical application of Early Devonian ostracodes.
2010030297
对中国 Eumyllocerus Sharp （鞘翅目：象
虫科：Entiminae）两个新种描述 = On the
genus Eumyllocerus Sharp (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Entiminae) with description of two
new species from China. (英文). HanKyungduk; Zhang Run-Zhi; Park Young-Gun. Insect
Science, 2005, 12(3): 217-223
Two new species of the genus Eumyllocerus Sharp, 1896, of the subfamily Entiminae
Schoenherr, 1823, are described from China.
Eumyllocerus longisetus sp. n. may be distinguished from other species of the genus by its
long bristle-like, erect setae on the intervals,
each of which is longer than the width of the
second interval, the setae arranged in double
rows, and its shell-like, shiny, dense, metallic
green scales. Eumyllocerus rotundicorpus sp.
n. may be distinguished from any other
Eumyllocerus species by its oval and inflated
elytral shape, short stout metepisternum, small
humeri, elytral setae shorter than 0.5 times the
width of the second interval, the setae arranged in double rows, and its golden copper
and pearl gray scales. The taxonomy of the
genus is discussed. The two new species are
described and habitus photographs and figures
of diagnostic characters are provided. The
type specimens of the new species are deposited in the Institute of Zoology, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China (holotype and paratypes) and the Korean Entomological Institute, Korea University, Seoul, Korea (paratypes).
2010030298
追踪密码：纽约州三个乳齿象化石点中气
候诱导的介形亚纲动物生物地层学改变 =
Tracking the code: climate-induced shifts in
ostracode biogeography at three fossil masto88
don sites in New York State. (英文). Miklus
Nicole M; Smith Alison J; Palmer Donald F;
Nester Peter. Palaeontographica Americana, 2008, (61): 73-83
Fossil freshwater ostracode assemblages
recovered from mastodon [Mammut americanum (Kerr, 1792)] sites in New York State
differ from their modern counterparts found at
those localities. Modern and fossil ostracode
assemblages from the mastodon sites of Hyde
Park in Dutchess County, North Java in
Wyoming County and Watkins Glen in Chemung County were studied along with associated modern hydrochemical and environmental information. Shifts in species occurrence and abundance are evident upon examination of the modern sediments from the Hyde
Park site at Lozier Pond, and Java Lake, New
York. Modern analog analyses indicate ostracode assemblages at fossil sites Lozier and
Java resemble those found today in Canada
and along the United States/Canadian border.
Using ostracodes as a proxy for water chemistry, salinity, and relative temperature at mastodon sites has begun to demonstrate the environmental effects of the last deglaciation in
New York, and has provided additional insight
into the paleoecology of late Pleistocene micro- and megafauna.
2010030299
中国辽西晚侏罗世的眼甲科的化石（鞘翅
目：原鞘亚目） = New ommatids from the
Late Jurassic of western Liaoning, China
(Coleoptera: Archostemata). (英文). Tan JingJing; Ren Dong ; Liu Ming. Insect Science, 2005, 12(3): 207-216
A new genus Amblomma gen. nov. of fossil
beetles is erected and can be assigned to the
family Ommatidae because its two procoxal
cavities are! contiguous and the articulations
of the abdominal ventrites are abutting. The
new genus is similar to Zygadenia Handlirsch,
1906 (= Notocupes Ponomarenko, 1964),
Tetraphalerus Waterhouse, 1901, Rhobdocupes Ponomarenko, 1966 and Sinocupes Lin,
1976, but can be distinguished from other
genera according to the following characters:
the second segment of antennae is shorter than
the third one in length; the posterior tarsi with
the basal segment is obviously shorter than the
three following taken together in length; the
antennae reach the posterior ridge of
prothroax in length, and the sides of the
prothroax with serrulate margin. Four new
species of the new genus are described and
figured: Amblomma psilata gen. et sp. nov.,
Amblomma rudis gen. et sp. nov., Amblomma
epicharis gen. et sp. nov., and Amblomma stabilis gen. et sp. nov. A key to species within
this new genus is provided. All the specimens
are collected from the Late Jurassic Yixian
Formation of western Liaoning and are now
housed in the College of Life Science, Capital
Normal University, Beijing, China.
2010030300
纽约州海德公园乳齿象化石点古环境的鞘
翅类昆虫证据 = Coleopteran evidence for the
paleoenvironment of the Hyde Park, New
York, mastodon site. (英文). Nelson Robert E;
Lubkin Sara H; Nester Peter L. Palaeontographica Americana, 2008, (61): 183-188
The Hyde Park Mastodon of eastern New
York State is a 90+% complete specimen dating to 11,480 +/- 60 C-14 yr BP, at the very
end of the Younger Dryas Chronozone (YDC).
Approximately 500 g of peat and calcareous
mud was screen-washed and examined from
each of nine 10-cm-thick slabs collected from
a trench through well-stratified pond sediments adjacent to the site within the basin
from which the mastodon remains were recovered. Subfossil insect remains were recovered from each sample, although abundances
are positively correlated with organic content
and decreased with depth in the section. Few
were sufficiently complete to be identifiable to
the species level, and there was insufficient
differentiation between samples to allow detection of any temporal trends in the fauna.
Two species, the carabid Amara alpina
(Paykull, 1790), and the staphylinid Tachinus
nearcticus Campbell, 1973, are particularly
key environmental indicators; overall species
composition of the fauna is consistent with a
small boreal pond with developing emergent
herbaceous vegetation and mammalian dung,
surrounded by open spruce woodland or parkland. The environment suggested by the Hyde
Park beetle fauna suggests conditions comparable to those at or near modern treeline in
northern Quebec and Ontario, with July temperatures as much as ca. 6-7 degrees C colder
than those typical of Hyde Park today.
2010030301
对甲属特西寄蝇（双翅目：寄蝇）修订 =
A revision of the genus Trixa Meigen (Diptera:
Tachinidae). (英文). Zhang Chun-Tian;Shima
Hiroshi. Insect Science, 2005, 12(1): 57-71
The genus Trixa Meigen, 1824 is revised.
Dexiotrix Villeneuve, 1936 and Trixella Mesnil, 1980, each of which was sometimes
89
treated as a distinct genus, are treated as junior
synonyms of Trixa Meigen. Two species from
Sichuan and Yunnan, China, are described as
new to science, viz. Trixa chinensis sp. nov.
and T. chaoi sp. nov. T. alpina Meigen is
treated as a junior synonym of T. caerulescens
Meigen. T. nox (Shima) and T. pubiseta
(Mesnil) are newly recorded from China.
Males of T. pubiseta (Mesnil) and T. longipensis (Villeneuve) are described for the first
time. Diagnoses, figures and a key to twelve
species in Trixa are given.
2010030302
早侏罗世介形类组合的多变量层次分析 =
Multivariate hierarchical analyses of Early
Jurassic Ostracoda assemblages. (英文). Arias
C; Whatley R C. Lethaia, 2009, 42(4): 495510
Palaeobiogeographic patterns of Early Jurassic ostracods from the northern and southern hemispheres (96 sections located in
Europe, North Africa, Western Australia and
North and South America) based on 243 species-level records document global patterns of
distribution that can be compared to those
previously published on ostracods from the
European Epicontinental Sea and Tethyan and
South Panthalassa areas. All described records
of ostracods from both hemispheres spanning
the Hettangian to Early Toarcian have been
compiled and verified, and their patterns of
origin and distribution have been interpreted.
Jaccard coefficient of similarity was used to
asses similarities among European, American
and Tethyan ostracod shelf faunas. The numerical analysis shows a progressive longitudinal gradient in provincialism through the
Early Jurassic, consistent with the northward
drift of Tethyan ostracod faunas towards the
European Epicontinental Sea and the southward movement of European taxa into Tethys
and Panthalassa oceans. The spread of cosmopolitan species and extinction of endemic species, allied to the disappearance of geographical barriers, warmer climate conditions and
rising sea levels can explain the reduction in
ostracod diversity and the east-west provincialism throughout the Early Jurassic. Interchange between hemispheres, including bipolar distributions, are recognized from the Sinemurian time, pointing out that for most of
the studied period, the climate worldwide was
warm and tropical.
2010030303
韩国两个中寒武世双刺头虫类三叶虫
Cyclolorenzella
convexa
和
Diceratocephalus cornutus: 发育和功能形
态 = Two middle Cambrian diceratocephalid
trilobites, Cyclolorenzella convexa and
Diceratocephalus cornutus, from Korea: development and functional morphology. (英文).
Park T-Y; Choi D K. Lethaia, 2010, 43(1): 7387
Silicified sclerites of the latest middle
Cambrian trilobites, Cyclolorenzella convexa
and Diceratocephalus cornutus, have been
recovered from the Sesong Formation, Korea.
Their morphological similarity and stratigraphic occurrences suggest that D. cornutus
is a descendant of C. convexa. The ontogenies
of both trilobites demonstrate that a pair of
long frontal horns in the cephalon of D. cornutus is an evolutionarily novel structure. It is
inferred that redeployment of some preexisting regulatory gene played a significant
role in constructing the frontal horns of D.
cornutus. The frontal horns may have been a
defensive structure to deter predators. The facial suture of D. cornutus, which extends onto
the frontal horns and splits them into the dorsal and ventral halves, was a solution to enable
easier forward egression during ecdysis.
2010030304
美国犹他州西南部西内陆盆地赛诺曼期和
土仑期介形类的系统分类,生物地层和古生
态 = Taxonomy, biostratigraphy and paleoecology of Cenomanian and Turonian ostracodes from the Western Interior Basin,
Southwest Utah, USA. (英文). Tibert N E;
Colin J-P; Leckie R M. Revista espanola de
Micropaleontologia, 2009, 52(2): 85-105
Taxonomy, biostratigraphy and paleoecology of Cenomanian and uronian ostracodes
from the Western Interior Basin, Southwest
Utah, USA. Fifteen genera and twenty species
are illustrated, sic of which are new: Cytheromorpha perornata nov. sp., Looneyella leckiei
nov. sp., Asciocythere posterangulata nov. sp.,
Asciocythere artzonensis nov. s., Cytheropteron clavifragilis nov. sp. and Hourcqia dakotaensis nov. sp. Three ostracode interval
zones are proposed that broadly correspond to
the existing late Cenomanian through to Middle Turonian Ammonite-zones of Kauffman et
al. (1993).
90
2010030305
埃及东沙漠区 Galala 高原古新世-早始新世
介形类: 系统分类及对古水深测量变化的冲
击 = Paleocene-Early Eocene ostracodes from
the Southern Galala Plateau (Eastern Desert,
Egypt): Taxonomy, impact of paleobathymetric changes. (英文). Morsi M A M; Scheibner
C. Revista espanola de Micropaleontologia, 2009, 52(2): 149-192
The studied nine sections yielded 60 taxa
belonging to 39 genera. Five species are new.
The P/E transition is characterized by the appearance of new taxa rather than extinctions.
In the late Late Paleocene and Early Eocene,
changes in the paleobathymetry from deeper
marine environments in the distal area in the
south to shallower marine environments in the
proximal area in the north become pronounced.
Many of the recorded taxa have a wide geographic distribution throhghout the Middle
east and North Africa. Similarities with basins
of West Africa are also found, reflecting faunal exchanges between this area and southern
Tethys during the Paleocene and Early Eocene.
2010030306
西班牙东北部 Cadenas Cadenas 地区中寒
武世三叶虫 Parabailiella 属 = The genus
Parabailiella Thoral, 1946 (Trilobita) from the
middle Cambrian of the Cadenas ibericas (NE
Spain). ( 其 他 ). Chirivella Martorell J B;
Ggzalo R; Linan E. Revista Espanola de paleontologia, 2009, 24(2): 171-184
We analysed the record of the genus Parabailiella. The four species assigned to the genus have been identified and described in this
region for the first time. All the four species
are recorded in Jarque 1 section while only
some of them are recorded in the rest of the
studied sections. The biostratigraphic distribution of the Parabailiella is middle Leonian to
basal upper Caesaraugustan, which is equivalent in the International Subcommission on
Cambrian Stratigraphy (ISCS) scale to the
most part of the cambrian Stage 5 and to the
lower part of the Drumian Stage. The palaeogeographic distribution of the genus is restricted to the Mediterranean region, particularly the European Platform of the Perigondwana region.
2010030307
摩洛哥具有绿眼的泥盆纪红色三叶虫和三
叶虫外壳的硅化 = Red Devonian trilobites
with green eyes from Morocco and the silicification of the trilobite exoskeleton. ( 英 文 ).
Klug C; Schulz H; De Baets K. Acta palaeontologica Polonica, 2009, 54(1): 117-123
Latest Emsian sediments at the famous
mud-mound- and trilobite-locality Hamar
Laghdad yielded some red-coloured remains
of phacopid trilobites. Closer examination revealed that the eyes of these phacopids are
often greenish in colour. EDX-analyses
showed that the lenses retainced their ogiginal
calcitic composition, possibly greenish due to
Fe- and Mn-impurities, while most of the exoskeleton was silicified. The silicified parts
containelevated concentrations of iron which
causes the red colour. This phenomenon is
explained by the porosity of the exoskeleton in
contrast to the homogeneous and massive construction of the lenses and their Mg-content.
These incompletely silicified trilobites nabled
a reconstruction of the silicification process in
trilobites. Teir digenetic alteration probably
occurred as a result of events associated with
the Cretaceous transgression.
2010030308
伊 朗 中 奥 陶 统 三 叶 虫 Neseuretinus 和
Ovalocephalus 出现的首例报道 = First report on the occurrence of Neseuretinus and
Ovalocephalus trilobites in the Middle Ordovician of Iran. (英文). Pour M G; Popov L E.
Acta palaeontologica Polonica, 2009, 54(1):
125-133
Both genera were previously unknown in
Iran. the occurrence of Ovalocephalus represents the earliest sign of west-ward taxon migration from China towards higher latitudes
along the West Gondwanan margin, which
may be related to global warming, after a short
episode of cooler climate in the early to mid
Darriwilian. Patterns of biogeographical distribution of Ovalocephalus and Neseuretinus
suggest that Central Iran was part of an "overlap zone" where tropical and high latitude
benthic taxa mingled.
2010030309
广东南雄盆地罗佛寨群的介形类动物群 =
Ostracod faunas from the Luofozhai Group in
the Nanxiong Basin of Guangdong Province,
China. (中文). 张显球;李罡. 微体古生物学
报, 2008, 25(1): 44-77 6 图版.
作者依据坪岭、武台岗、罗佛寨、城南、
枫门坳、修仁、黄茅坪、暖水塘等 8 条剖
面 725 个样品的研究,系统描述了罗佛寨群
的介形类化石 21 属 78 种,包括 2 个新种;建
立了罗佛寨群介形类序列,自下而上划分出
Porpocyprisglobra,
Porpocypris
sphaer91
oidalis, Cypris concina, Sinocypris excelsa
和 Cyprois reniformis5 个介形类化石带。前
两个带合称 Porpocppris 动物群,时代属晚白
垩最晚期。后三带称为 Cypris-Sinocy p ris
动物群,时代分别为早、中、晚古新世。
2010030310
广东三水盆地古近纪的介形类动物群 =
Palaeogene ostracods from the Sanshui Basin
of Guangdong. (中文). 张显球;李罡;杨润林;
黎汉明. 微体古生物学报, 2008, 25(3): 235265 6 图版.
三水盆地古近系介形类化石主要来自全
取芯钻井剖面。据 170 口钻井 3 855 个样品
统计,发现介形类 17 属 49 种,本文描述其中
16 属 47 种,包括 2 个新种。三水盆地古近
纪 的 介 形 类 动 物 群 以 Sinocypris ,
Cyprois , Limnocy there 三属分布最广、最
常 见 , 故 称 Sinocypris-Cyprois Limnocy
there 动物群, 简称 Sinocypris 动物群。根
据介形类化石纵向分布和富集规律,选择最
常见主要属种的鼎盛时期建立 5 个化石带
(顶峰带) ,自下而上为: Ⅰ. Cypris concina 带;
Ⅱ. Sinocypris pulchra 带; Ⅲ. Cyprois reniformis 带; Ⅳ. Sinocypris reticulata 带; Ⅴ.
Limnocy thereirrecularis 带。本文把古新统
( E1 ) / 始新统( E2 ) 界线放在Ⅲ/ Ⅳ带之间,
认为Ⅰ—Ⅲ带的莘庄村组、心组、宝月组
的时代为古新世,分别为早、中、晚期, Ⅳ、
Ⅴ两带的华涌组的时代为早始新世。
2010030311
广东三水盆地晚白垩世的介形类动物群 =
Late Cretaceous ostracods from the Sanshui
Basin of Guangdong. (中文). 张显球;李罡;杨
润林;黎汉明. 微体古生物学报, 2008, 25(2):
132-165 6 图版.
依据 24 口钻井及 4 条地表剖面 372 个样
品的采集和分析,三水盆地晚白垩世的介形
类动物群含介形类化石 28 属 81 种,本文描
述其中 24 属 62 种,包括 1 新种。此介形类
动物群在数量上以女星介科和玻璃介科最
繁盛,次为背足介科、湖花介科和类女星介
科,依其横向分布及纵向变化规律,划分为
Talicypridea 和 Porpocypris 两个动物群
及 Talicypridea amoena 带、Porpocypris
globra 带和 Porpocypris sphaeroidals 带
等 3 个化石带。依据介形类化石三水组可
与南雄群对比,时代属晚白垩世早—中期。
大塱山组与上湖组坪岭段对比,时代应属晚
白垩世晚期。
2010030312
晚始新世欧洲琥珀中的原始蚁两新属 =
Two new primitive ant genera from the late
Eocene European ambers. (英文). Dlussky G
M; Radchenko A G. Acta palaeontologica
Polonica, 2009, 54(3): 435-441
Two extinct genera of ants from the late
Eocene, Protomyrmica gen. nov. and Plesiomyrmex gen. nov., are described based on single specimens, from Baltic and Bitterfeld ambers respectively; both gnera belong to the
teibe Myrmicini. In gross morphology they are
similar to modern Myrmica but have a series
of apomorphies combined with characters that
are plesiomorphic not only in the tribe Myrmicini, but also in the subfamily Myrmicinae.
2010030313
昆明地区下寒武统沧浪铺组的新古虫类 =
A New Vetulicoliid From Lower Cambrian,Kunming,Yunnan. (中文). 杨杰;侯先光;
丛培允;董渭;张艳霞;罗茂斌. 古生物学
报, 2010, 49(1): 54-63
文中详细描述昆明地区下寒武统沧浪铺
组 乌 龙 箐 段 古 虫 动 物 新 种 Vetulicola
longbaoshanensis sp.nov.,并与相关属种作
比较和讨论。古虫动物主要产于下寒武统
筇竹寺组玉案山段的澄江动物群中,沧浪铺
组乌龙箐段的地质年代较澄江动物群晚,该
发现对研究古虫动物的演化具有重要意
义。古虫动物的分类位置至今难以确定,争
论的焦点多集中在古虫动物前体鳃囊的构
造解释上。新材料鳃囊保存得完整清晰,为
研究古虫动物的分类位置提供了新证据。
2010030314
Kolyma-Omolon 盆地晚二叠世 Khivach 组
的 介 形 虫 类 = Ostracodes from the Upper
Permian Khivach formation in KolymaOmolon Basin. ( 英 文 ). Molostovskaya I I.
Paleontological Journal, 2010, 44(3): 282286 1 图版.
Ostracodes Healdianella splendida Belousova, Paraparchites ganelini sp. nov.,
Paraparchites? hivachensis sp. nov. and Arcibairdia vodopadniensis sp. nov. are described
from the Upper Permian deposits of the
Khivach Formation (Kolyma-Omolon Basin,
Eastern Siberia). Paraparchites species most
closely resemble ancient Paleozoic ostracodes
of the Boreal province. Valve morphology of
Healdianella and Acribairdia points to their
similarity to ostracodes from the upper levels
of the Upper Permian of the Tethyan realm.
92
2010030315
早白垩世 San Just 地区（特鲁埃尔省，西
班牙）琥珀中的 Oribatid Mite 一新属新种
以及 Cretaceobodes martinezae 新属和新
种（真螨目，甲螨亚目，耳头甲螨科） =
A New Genus and Species of Oribatid Mite,
Cretaceobodes martinezae gen. et sp. nov.,
from the Lower Cretaceous Amber of San Just
(Teruel Province, Spain) (Acariformes,
Oribatida, Otocepheidae). (英文). Arilloa A;
Subíasa L S; Shtanchaeva U. Paleontological
Journal, 2010, 44(3): 287-290 1 图版.
A new fossil genus and species of oribatid
mite, Cretaceobodes martinezae gen. et sp.
nov., belonging to the family Otocepheidae is
described. The new species is preserved in a
piece of amber from the San Just outcrop
(Teruel Province, Spain), which is believed to
be Albian in age. The new genus is compared
with the extant genus Carabocepheus Berlese,
1910 and its relationships with the superfamilies Otocepheoidea and Carabodoidea are discussed. Carabocepheidae is regarded as a junior synonym of Otocepheidae. Ranking
Carabocepheus lounsbury latior Balogh et
Mahunka, 1966 as a separate species is proposed.
2010030316
Cisuralian 统罗德期的蝎蛉新发现（昆虫
纲：长翅目：蝎蛉科） = New Scorpionflies
(Insecta: Mecoptera: Permochoristidae) from
the Ufimian of Cisuralia. (英文). Bashkuev A
S. Paleontological Journal, 2010, 44(3): 291296 3 图版.
Two new species of Protopanorpa Carpenter (Mecoptera: Permochoristidae), P.
longicubitalis sp. nov. and P. similis sp. nov.
from the Ufimian Solikamsk Horizon of the
Perm Region (Tyulkino locality) are described.
Scorpionflies of Tyulkino are compared with
scorpionflies of the Kungurian Chekarda locality (Perm Region) and the Early Kazanian
Soyana locality (Arkhangelsk Region).
2010030317
中国道虎沟村侏罗纪鞘翅目叩头虫蚴型甲
虫一新属 = A new genus of Elateriform beetles (Coleoptera, Polyphaga) from the Jurassic
of Daohugou, China. (英文). Yan E V; Wang
B. Paleontological Journal, 2010, 44(3): 297302 4 图版.
A new coleopteran genus, Parelateriformius, gen. nov., comprising the species P.
communis, sp. nov., P. villosus, sp. nov., P.
capitifossus, sp. nov., and P. mirabdominis, sp.
nov., is described from Daohugou deposits,
Inner Mongolia, China, and is assigned to the
infraorder Elateriformia. The systematic position of the new genus within the suborder
Polyphaga is discussed.
2010030318
乌克兰罗夫诺始新世 Rovno 琥珀中的石蚕
蛾新种（昆虫纲，毛翅目） = New species
of caddisflies (Insecta: Trichoptera) from the
Rovno amber, Eocene of Ukraine. ( 英 文 ).
Melnitsky S I; Ivanov V D. Paleontological
Journal, 2010, 44(3): 303-311 5 图版.
A new genus and seven new species of the
caddisfly families Philopotamidae, Polycentropodidae, Ecnomidae, Hydroptilidae, and
Leptoceridae (Wormaldia nasticentia sp. nov.,
Holocentropus flexiflagrum sp. nov., Electrocyrnus perpusillus gen. et sp. nov., Archaeotinodes reveraverus sp. nov., Agraylea electroscientia sp. nov., Triplectides palaeoslavicus
sp. nov., and Leptocerus solifemella sp. nov.)
from the Rovno amber (Upper Eocene,
Ukraine) are described
2010030319
乌克兰罗夫诺始新世琥珀中的化石泥蜂
（昆虫纲：膜翅目，银口蜂科）一新部落
= A new tribe of fossil digger wasps (Insecta:
Hymenoptera, Crabronidae) from the Rovno
amber, Eocene of Ukraine. (英文). Antropov
A V. Paleontological Journal, 2010, 44(3):
312-321 4 图版.
A new tribe of digger wasps, Protomicroidini trib. nov. (Hymenoptera, Crabronidae),
including a single known species Protomicroides sororius gen. et sp. nov. is described
from the Upper Eocene Rovno amber, Ukraine.
The new tribe combines features characteristic
of several tribes of the Crabroninae and is a
sister group of the extant tribe Oxybelini. The
most distinctive characters of the new tribe
include nonelongate propodeum with strongly
developed lateral keel and enclosed dorsal
area; semioval postscutellum with a lamellate
border; absence of pygidial plate, psammophores, and digging tarsal rakes; and considerably reduced forewing venation.
2010030320
德国索伦霍芬灰岩中晚侏罗世的古蝉科
（昆虫纲：半翅目：蝉亚目）以及它们的
系统发生学意义 = Palaeontinidae (Insecta:
Hemiptera: Cicadomorpha) from the Upper
Jurassic Solnhofen Limestone of Germany and
their phylogenetic significance. (英文). Wang
93
B; Zhang H C; Wappler T; Rust J. Geological
Magazine, 2010, 147(4): 570-580
The Palaeontinidae (Insecta: Cicadomorpha)
from the Upper Jurassic Solnhofen Limestone
of Bavaria are revised. The diagnostic characters for three monotypic genera Eocicada Oppenheim, 1888, Prolystra Oppenheim, 1888
and Archipsyche Handlirsch, 1906 are reassessed based on newly discovered material.
Beloptesis gigantea (Weyenbergh, 1874), B.
oppenheimi Handlirsch, 1906, Limacodites
mesozoicus Handlirsch, 1906, and Protopsyche braueri Handlirsch, 1906 are considered to
be junior synonyms of Prolystra lithographica
Oppenheim, 1888. Eocicada lameerei Handlirsch, 1908 is a junior synonym of E. microcephala Oppenheim, 1888. A key to the species of Solnhofen Palaeontinidae is presented.
Solnhofen Palaeontinidae and most Cretaceous Palaeontinidae most probably form a
monophyletic group based on the following
characters: costal area narrow, vein RA
branching from stem R basally, vein ScP not
fused with vein RA, clavus much reduced and
hindwing smaller. Furthermore, Solnhofen
Palaeontinidae are probably basal to Cretaceous Palaeontinidae by the mesonotum lacking distinct longitudinal carinae. A fast succession from early to more derived Palacontinidae took place during Late Jurassic times.
Early Palaeontinidae declined sharply in the
Late Jurassic, probably owing to the rise of
newly evolved insectivorous animals like
early birds and mammals. Late Palaeontinidae
with better flight ability survived and became
a dominant insect group during latest Jurassic
times.
棘 皮 动 物
2010030321
侏罗纪等称海百合茎板小骨片的超微构造
和地化特征 = Nanostructural and geochemical features of the Jurassic isocrinid columnal
ossicles. ( 英 文 ). Stolarski J; Gorzelak P;
Mazur M; Marrocchi Y; Meibom A. Acta palaeontologica Polonica, 2009, 54(1): 69-75
Calcite isocrinid ossicles show perfectly
preserved micro- and nanostructural details
typical of diagenetically unaltered echinoderm
skeleton. Stereom pores are filled with ferroan
calcite cements that sealed off the skeleton
from diagenetic fluids and prevented structural
and geochemical alteration. In contrast with
high-Mg calcite skeleton of moder, tropical
echinoderms, the fossil crinoid ossicles from
Gnaszyn contain only 5.0-5.3 mole% of
MgCO3. This low Mg content can be a result
of either a low temperature environment and
/or low Mg/Ca seawater ratio.
2010030322
英国和法国中侏罗统巴通阶海百合分布的
古环境控制 = Palaeoenvironmental control
on distribution of crinoids in the Bathonian
(Middle Jurassic) of England and France. (英
文). Hunter A W; Underwood C J. Acta palaeontologica Polonica, 2009, 54(1): 77-98
Results indicate that distribution of crinoids
well corresponds to particular facies. Ossicles
of Chariocrinus and Balanocrinus dominate in
deeper-water and lower-energy cacies, with
the former extending further into shallowerwater facies than the latter. Isocrinus dominates in shallower water carbonate facies, accompanied by rarer comatulids, and was also
present in the more marine parts of lagoons.
Pentacrinites remains are abundant in very
high-energy oolite shoal lithofacies. The presence of millericrinids within one, partly allochthonous lithofacies suggests the presence
of an otherwise unknown hard substrate from
which they have been transported. These results are compared to crinoid assemblages
from other Mesozoic localities, and it is evident that the same morphological adaptations
are present within crinoids from simlar lithofacies throughout the Jurassic and Early Cretaceous.
2010030323
西班牙东北部中寒武世 gogiid 类棘皮动物
的 分 类 、古生 态 和 古地理 意 义 = Middle
Cambrian gogiid echinoderms from Northeast
Spain: Taxonomy, palaeoecology, and palaeogeographic implications. (英文). Zamora S;
Gozalo R; Linan E. Acta palaeontologica
Polonica, 2009, 54(2): 253-265
Gogia parsleyi sp. nov. and Gogia sp. are
described from two different echnoderm assemblages, both from the Murero Formation.gogia parsleyi is reconstructed and described on the basis of fifteen complete or partial specimens and numerous isolated plates. It
is characterised by spiralled brachioles, simple
epispires, sometimes covered by stereomic
domes or tiny cover plates, and by thecal
plates arranged in subregular circlets.
笔 石 动 物
2010030324
威尔士西南部 Cardigan 地区喀拉多克阶
（晚奥陶世）笔石地层学和古生态意义 =
Stratigraphical and palaeoecological impor94
tance of Caradoc (Upper Ordovician) graptolites from the Cardigan area, southwest Wales.
(英文). Williams M; Davies J R; Waters R A;
Rushton AWA; Wilby P R. Geological Magazine, 2003, 140(5): 549-571
Graptolites from more than 60 horizons in
the basinal Caradoc succession of southwest
Wales, between Fishguard and Cardigan, allow recognition of the multidens, clingani and
linearis biozones. The biostratigraphy permits
recognition of major differences in the sedimentary rock-sequence north and south of
structures associated with the FishguardCardigan Fault Belt. The Penyraber Mudstone
Formation, disconformably overlying the
Fishguard Volcanic Group (Llanvirn), is
partly of multidens Biozone age. It is succeeded south of the Newport Sands Fault by
the Cwm yr Eglwys Mudstone Formation of
clingani to linearis biozones age. North of the
fault the Cwm yr Eglwys Mudstone Formation
is replaced laterally by the northwardsthickening, sandstone turbidite-dominated Dinas Island Formation (clingani and linearis
biozones). Graptolite stratigraphical distribution indicates that Dicranograptus clingani
occurs only rarely within the caudatus Subzone of the clingani Biozone and that Climacograptus antiquus s.l. also does not range
above the lower part of the clingani Biozone.
The first occurrence of Dicellograptus morrisi,
within the upper clingani Biozone, confirms
its value as a marker for the morrisi Subzone,
and is associated with the first occurrences of
Diplacanthograptus dorotheus and Normalograptus minimus. Dicellograptus flexuosus,
used to indicate the morrisi Subzone elsewhere, occurs throughout the clingani Biozone
in the Cardigan area. The linearis Biozone is
recognized by Climacograptus tubuliferus.
Oxic bottom conditions in early and early
mid-Caradoc times largely precluded the influx of, or preservation of, graptolite faunas in
the Penyraber Mudstone Formation. Anoxic
mudstones of the Cwm yr Eglwys Mudstone
and Dinas Island formations preserve graptolite assemblages of 21 and 26 species, signalling strong open marine influences which persisted in this area until late Caradoc times.
This contrasts with the shelfal faunas in the
Whitland area (south Pembrokeshire), where
the late Caradoc is dominated by low-diversity
Normalograptus-dominated assemblages.
2010030325
加拿大育空领地北部的 Tremadoc 笔石动
物群的分类学和生物地层学意义 = Taxo-
nomic and biostratigraphical significance of
the Tremadoc graptolite fauna from northern
Yukon Territory, Canada. (英文). Jackson D E;
Lenz A C. Geological Magazine, 2003, 140(2):
131-156
Twenty-two graptolite species are described
from the Tremadoc portion of the Road River
Group. In a 220 m thick, graptolite-rich section on Peel River, six graptolite biozones are
recognized which in ascending order are:
Staurograptus dichotomus, Anisograptus matanensis, Adelograptus cf A. tenellus, Adelograptus antiquus, Kiaerograptus pritchardi and
Paradelograptus kinnegraptoides. The Psigraptus fauna appears to be confined to a single
bedding-plane within a thick interval dominated by Adelograptus cf. A. tenellus, and for
this reason we propose a new zone characterized by the latter species rather than identify a
Psigraptus Biozone as in China. The Adelograptus cf. A. tenellus Biozone has yielded
Adelograptus? bulmani Spjeldnaes 1963,
which we propose as the type species for the
new genus Ancoragraptus. Graptolites recorded from the Tremadoc of the Yukon for
the first time are: Ancoragraptus bulmani,
Clonograptus magnificus, C. cf. C. multiplex,
C. cf C. rigidus, Hunnegraptus copiosus, Kiaerograptus? bulmani and K? kutchini sp. nov.
2010030326
华南扬子区晚奥陶世-早志留世笔石和腕足
类生物分带性以及全球相关性 = Late Ordovician to earliest Silurian graptolite and
brachiopod biozonation from the Yangtze region, South China, with a global correlation.
(英文). Chen X; Rong J Y; Mitchell C E;
Harper DAT; Fan J X; Zhan R B; Zhang Y D;
Li R Y; Wang Y. Geological Magazine, 2000,
137(6): 623-650
Late Ordovician to earliest Silurian is an
important geological period marked by large
geological and biological events. However,
the strata and fossils of this interval are not
complete in many parts of the world. Based on
studies of 43 sites in South China, in particular
the continuous sections on the Yangtze platform, we recognize a complete succession including seven graptolite zones and two shelly
faunas. In ascending order, the graptolite
zones are the Dicellograptus complanatus,
Dicellograptus complexus, Paraorthograptus
pacificus (including Lower Subzone, Tangyagraptus typicus Subzone and Diceratograptus
mirus Subzone), Normalograptus extraordinarius-Normalograptus ojsuensis, Normalograptus persculptus, Akidograptus ascensus
95
and Parakidograptus acuminatus zones. The
shelly faunas are the Foliomena-Nankinolithus
and Hirnantia faunas, which may be correlated
with D. complanatus Zone and N. extraordinarius-N. ojsuensis to part of N. persculptus
zones respectively. The biozonation through
this interval from the Yangtze region can be
correlated with that of other parts of the world
such as Dob's Linn in Scotland, Spain and
Portugal, Thuringia-Saxonia-Bavaria, Bohemia, Poland, Kazakhstan, Kolyma, Malaya
Peninsula, Yukon, Canadian Arctic Islands,
Nevada, Argentina, Niger and Victoria, Australia. The Hirnantian Substage, which has
been proposed by us recently, includes the N
extraordinarius-N. ojsuensis Zone, Hirnantia
fauna and N. persculptus Zone. The base of
the Hirnantian Substage is marked by the First
Appearance Data (FADs) of N. extraordinarius and A! ojsuensis, which have been determined to be synchronous on a global scale.
2010030327
笔石隔膜的超微构造和建造 = The ultrastructure and building of graptolite dissepiments. (英文). Urbanek A; Mierzejewski P.
Acta palaeontologica Polonica, 2009, 54(2):
243-252
Dissepiments or connectin bars between
adjacent stipes in rhbdosomes of dendroid
graptolites were studied by means of electron
microscope (SEM and TEM). The material,
chemically solated from rock matrix, originating from the Ordovician of Estonia and glacial
boulders of Baltic origin found in Poland, is
assigned provisionally to genus "Dictyonema"
sensu lato. Early growth stages of dissepiments are made only of the fusellar component. Older dissepiments are composed of the
central core and the outer envelogpe: the central core is made of rather irregularly arranged
growth units made of the fusellar tissue,
ehereas the outer envelope has a distinct cortical appearance.
2010030328
细网笔石 Neogothograptus 的演化及其波
罗的海地区和波兰上温洛克阶的新种 =
Evolution of the retiolitid Neogothograptus
(Graptolithina) and its new species from the
upper Wenlock of Poland, Baltica. ( 英 文 ).
Kozlowska A; Lenz A; Melchin M. Acta palaeontologica Polonica, 2009, 54(3): 423-434
Neogothograptus reticulatus sp. nov.
from the upper Homerian Colonograptus
praedeubeli Biozone, and N. thorsteinssoni
and N. alatiformis from the Lobograptus pro-
genitor Biozone, are described for the first
time from three localities: borehole, Baltic
erratic boulder of East European Platform and
Holy Cross Mauntains of Poland. N. reticulatus, presently the oldest known species of
Neogothograptus, is also tentatively identified
from upper Homerian strata of south-eastern
Australia. The two other species are previously known only from Arctic Canada, and
possibly China.
分类位置不明
2010030329
文 德期横 向铰 接的化 石 = Small Vendian
transversely Articulated fossils. (英文). Ivantsov A Yu. Paleontological Journal, 2007,
41(2): 113-122 5 图版.
Three new genera of transversely articulated Metazoa are described from the Upper
Vendian of the Arkhangelsk Region (Russia).
Tamga gen. nov. and Lossinia gen. nov. are
recognized to be closely related to the extinct
Precambrian phylum Proarticulata; Ivovicia
gen. nov. is considered as a true member of
Proarticulata; all of the new genera are monotypic. Onega stepanovi Fedonkin is also reinterpreted as Proarticulata. The replacement
generic name Archaeaspinus is introduced for
the preoccupied Archaeaspis Ivantsov. Vendomia menneri Keller is assigned to Dickinsonia Sprigg.
古脊椎动物学
综 论
2010030330
哈密尔顿沙洲动物群：作为冰后温暖期时
代的证据 = The Hamilton Bar Fauna: evidence for a Hypsithermal age. ( 英 文 ).
Churcher C S; Karrow P F. Canadian Journal
of Earth Sciences, 2008, 45(12): 1487-1500
Bones of small vertebrates (mammals, birds,
snakes, fish, amphibians) have been recovered
from time to time from sites in postglacial
sediments at Hamilton, Ontario, for over a
century. One of these sites, at Westdale Ravine, was previously assigned a Glacial Lake
Iroquois age (ca. 12000 years BP), but is now
considered compatible with environments during or since the Hypsithermal (last 5000 years).
A corrected radiocarbon date of 4330±
210years BP confirms such an age and indicates that the bones are younger than and intrusive within the Glacial Lake Iroquois sediments in which they were found.
96
2010030331
华南三峡地区中侏罗世早期的脊椎动物微
化石 = Early Middle Jurassic vertebrate microremains from the Three Gorges area,
southern China. (英文). Shang Q; Cuny G;
Chen L. Historical Biology, 2008, 20(2): 8799
Vertebrate microremains were collected
from the Middle Jurassic freshwater deposits
of the Lower Member of the Xietan Formation
in the Three Gorges area, Hubei Province,
People's Republic of China. They include remains of hybodont sharks (Hybodus aff. “H.”
parvidens, Hybodus sp., cf. Parvodus sp.,
Polyacrodus sp. and Hubeiodus ziguiensis gen.
et sp. nov.), an actinopterygian fish, and a
crocodyliform. The diversity of hybodont
sharks in the Xietan Formation and the appearance of a peculiar pattern of tooth morphology in Hubeiodus ziguiensis suggest the
adaptive radiation of these sharks in freshwater systems in China during the Middle Jurassic. This diversification led to the rich endemic hybodont faunas of the Lower Cretaceous in Asia.
2010030332
法国南部 Hérault 峡谷早更新世 1.57Ma 左
右与岩屑人工制品共生的一新脊椎动物群
= A new vertebrate fauna associated with
lithic artefacts from the Early Pleistocene of
the Hérault Valley (southern France) dated
around 1.57 Ma. (法文). Crochet J Y; Welcomme J L; Ivorra J; Ruffet G; Boulbes N.
Comptes Rendus Palevol, 2009, 8(8): 725-736
new vertebrate fauna associated with lithic
artefacts from the Early Pleistocene of the
Hérault Valley (southern France) dated around
1.57 Ma. Some lithic artefacts associated with
an Early Pleistocene (Upper Villafranchian)
vertebrate fossil assemblage have been found
from a quarry exploited for basalt in the lower
Hérault Valley (Languedoc, southern France)
at the Lézignan-le-Cèbe locality. A preliminary patrimony expertise led us to identify
about 20 vertebrate taxa, and the autumnal
rainfalls revealed the presence of roughly 30
lithic artefacts of “pebble culture” type. A basalt layer dated at 1.57 My directly overlies
the fossiliferous level, extends along the little
hill (locus 2) yielding artefacts. These new
promising data offer new perspectives to improve our understanding of Early Pleistocene
ecosystems (and possibly ancient hominin occupation) of southern Europe
2010030333
Lombardian Prealps 西北部末次冰期期间
的气候变化: 意大利 Caverna Generosa 地
区晚更新世动物群组合 = Climatic fluctuations during the Last Glacial in the northwestern Lombardian Prealps: the Upper Pleistocene faunal assemblages of the Caverna
Generosa (Como, Italy). ( 英 文 ). Bona F;
Laurenti B; Delfino M. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e stratigrafia, 2009, 115(2): 253267
Microvertebrates remains are used to infer
paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatic information. The microfaunal assemblages of "Sala
Terminale" testifies for a climatic improvement, during the period between over 50.000 y
BP and 40.000 y BP: from a cold climate and
an environment characterised by open vegatationto a wooded areas and milder temperature.
2010030334
大型脊椎动物在雨湿的中侏罗世沙丘中挖
去洞穴：回复 = Burrows dug by large vertebrates into rain-moistened Middle Jurassic
sand dunes: A reply. ( 英 文 ). Loope D B.
Journal of Geology, 2007, 115(6): 709-709
鱼 类
2010030335
始新世绿色河流中爬行动物有鳞类的
Polychrotid 科以及对 Iguanian 的系统学的
重 新 检 查 = A green river (Eocene) polychrotid (Squamata: Reptilia) and a reexamination of Iguanian systematics. (英文).
Conrad J L; Rieppel O; Grande L. Journal of
Paleontology, 2007, 81(6): 1365-1373 3 图版.
A pleurodontan iguanian from the Green
River Formation (Eocene) is described in detail and named. The new taxon is known only
from a single specimen preserving all areas of
the body. Although many of the bone surfaces
are eroded, almost all of the skeleton is present and some cartilaginous elements are preserved. The new taxon shares important characteristics with the extant anisolepines and
leiosaurines, including the morphology and
placement of the caudal autotomy planes, the
postxiphisternal inscriptional ribs, and notched
or fenestrated clavicles that are expanded
proximally. This is the earliest complete iguanian known from the Americas and the earliest
known iguanian that may be confidently referred to an extant "family." A phylogenetic
analysis including this taxon and other fossil
and extant iguanians offers some support for
97
the monophyly of Polychrotidae sensu lato,
Tropiduridae sensu lato, and non-acrodont
iguanians (Pleurodonta).
2010030336
发现于柴达木盆地的骨骼超常粗大的鱼化
石 及 其 与 干 旱 化 的 联 系 = Extraordinarily
thick-boned fish linked to the aridification of
the Qaidam Basin (northern Tibetan Plateau).
(英文). Chang M M; Wang X M; Liu H Z;
Miao D S; Zhao Q H; Wu G X; Liu J; Li Q;
Sun Z C; Wang N. proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2008, 105(36):
13246–13251 4 图版.
Scattered with numerous salt lakes and
≈2,700–3,200 m above sea level, the giant
Qaidam inland basin on the northern Tibetan
Plateau has experienced continuing aridification since the beginning of the Late Cenozoic
as a result of the India–Asia plate collision
and associated uplift of the Tibetan Plateau.
Previous evidence of aridification comes
mainly from evaporite deposits and salinitytolerant invertebrate fossils. Vertebrate fossils
were rare until recent discoveries of abundant
fish. Here, we report an unusual cyprinid fish,
Hsianwenia wui, gen. et sp. nov., from Pliocene lake deposits of the Qaidam Basin, characterized by an extraordinarily thick skeleton
that occupied almost the entire body. Such
enormous skeletal thickening, apparently leaving little room for muscles, is unknown among
extant fish. However, an almost identical condition occurs in the much smaller cyprinodontid Aphanius crassicaudus (Cyprinodonyiformes), collected from evaporites exposed along
the northern margins of the Mediterranean Sea
during the Messinian desiccation period. H.
wui and A. crassicaudus both occur in similar
deposits rich in carbonates (CaCO3) and sulfates (CaSO4), indicating that both were
adapted to the extreme conditions resulting
from the aridification in the two areas. The
overall skeletal thickening was most likely
formed through deposition of the oversaturated calcium and was apparently a normal
feature of the biology and growth of these fish.
2010030337
泥盆纪 Errivaspis Waynensis 刚性头盾的
流线模式 = Flow pattern around the rigid cephalic shield of the Devonian Agnathan Errivaspis Waynensis (Pteraspidiformes: Heterostraci). (英文). Botella H; Fariña R A. Palaeontology, 2008, 51(5): 1141-1150
Palaeozoic armoured agnathans (or ostracoderms) are characterised by having an external, bone shield enclosing the anterior part
of their bodies, which demonstrate great diversity of both forms and sizes. The functional
significance of these cephalic shields remains
unclear (they may have been a functional analogue of the vertebral column, or merely afforded protection). Here we assess the importance of the cephalic shield in terms of locomotion. In order to do this, we have studied
flow patterns of the Devonian heterostracan
Errivaspis waynensis (White, 1935), using an
anatomically correct model of E. waynensis
positioned at different pitching angles. The
fluid flow was visualised in a wind tunnel,
using planar light sheet techniques, adding
vaporised propylene glycol to the fluid. The
flow pattern over the cephalic shield of Errivaspis is dominated by the formation of leading-edge vortices (LEVs). When the model
was positioned at angles of attack of -2 degrees or higher a pair of nearly symmetrical,
counter-rotating primary vortices were produced, which flowed downstream over the
upper surface of the cephalic shield. At moderate angles of attack, LEVs remained attached to the dorsal surface, but, as the angle
of attack increased above 7 degrees, vortices
began to separate from the surface at posterior
locations. At a high angles of attack (around
12 degrees or 13 degrees), vortex breakdown
(or vortex burst) occured. The body-induced
vortical flow around the cephalic shield is
very similar to the that described over delta
wing aircraft. This strategy generates lift
forces through vortex generation (vortex lift).
Based on this analogue and knowing that Errivaspis lacked pectoral fins or any other obvious control surfaces, vortex lift forces added
through this mechanism may have played a
major role in the locomotion of these primitive
fishes, not only to counteract the negative
buoyancy of the fish, but also as a means of
manoeuvring.
2010030338
伊朗中部 Niur 组志留纪 thelodonts = Silurian thelodonts from the Niur Formation, central Iran. ( 英 文 ). Hairapetian V; Blom H;
Miller C G. Acta palaeontologica Polonica, 2008, 53(1): 85-95
The material studied herein comes from
four stratigraphic levels, composed of rocks
formed in a shallow water, corbonate rampenvironment. The fana includes a new phlebolepidiform, Niurolepis susanae gen. et sp. nov.
98
of late Wenlock/?early Ludlow age and a late
Ludlow longanelliiform, Loganellia sp. cf. L.
grossi, which constitute the first reord of these
thelodontgroups from Gondwana. The phlebolepidiform Niurolepis susanae gen. et s. nov.
id diagnosed by having trident trunk scales
with a raised medial crown area separated by
two narrow spiny wings from the lateral
crown areas; a katoporodidtype histological
structure distinguished by a network of
branched wide dentine canals.
2010030339
支持鲈形鱼前更新世扩散的加拿大北极地
区早上新世鱼化石 = Early Pliocene fish remains from Arctic Canada support a prePleistocene dispersal of percids (Teleostei:
Perciformes). (英文). Murray A M; Cumbaa S
L; Harington C R; Smith G R; Rybczynski N.
Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 2009,
46(7): 557-570
Percid remains from Pliocene deposits on
Ellesmere Island, Arctic Canada, are identified
as a species of Sander, similar to the walleye
and sauger of North America and the pikeperch of Europe and western Asia. They are
named as a new species, Sander teneri. These
remains are the most northerly percid elements found to date and suggest the palaeoenvironment was significantly warmer in the
Pliocene than it is currently. The fossil remains show the presence in North America of
the family Percidae as well as the genus
Sander prior to the Pleistocene, indicating a
previously proposed Pleistocene immigration
from Europe or Asia can be discounted. These
fossils contradict an earlier hypothesis that
percids, in particular Sander, crossed from
Eurasia to North America in the Pleistocene;
instead, the fossils show percids were already
in the area by the Pliocene.
2010030340
澳大利亚维多利亚兰山南部中泥盆统一个
新 的 四 足 动 物 形 态 的 鱼 化 石 ； Owensia
chooi = Owensia chooi: a new tetrapodomorph fish from the Middle Devonian of the
South Blue Range, Victoria, Australia. (英文).
Holland T. Alcheringa, 2009, 33(4): 339 - 353
A new cosmine-covered, tetrapodomorph
fish Owensia chooi gen. et sp. nov. is described, based on a near-complete, uncrushed
ethmosphenoid from the Middle Devonian
sediments (Kevington Creek Formation) at
Owens Creek, South Blue Range, Victoria,
Australia. An anteroposteriorly directed basipterygoid process, an optic nerve foramen posi-
tioned dorsal to the basipterygoid process, and
an oculomotor nerve foramen located posterodorsal to the basipterygoid process are established as autapomorphies. Owensia shares a
broad ethmosphenoid shield, a lack of discernible sutures between the bones of the
snout and a dorsoventrally shallow skull with
cosmine-covered members of the Canowindridae. Owensia also shares the first two of
these features and an occluded view of the
nostrils from the dorsal surface with Gyroptychius? australis. However, the phylogenetic
relationships between these taxa remain unclear. Superficial comparisons between Owensia and the Northern Hemisphere Lamprotolepis are rejected, with the position of the latter
within the Tetrapodomorpha being questioned.
A benthic niche for Owensia is suggested
based on the presence of a dorsoventrally shallow skull.
2010030341
来自巴西东北部 Araripe 盆地下白垩统的
新 属 新 种 ： Santanasalmo elegans =
Santanasalmo elegans gen. et sp nov., a basal
euteleostean fish from the Lower Cretaceous
of the Araripe Basin, northeastern Brazil. (英
文). Gallo V; de Figueiredo F J; Azevedo S A.
Cretaceous Research, 2009, 30(6): 1357-1366
The bituminous shales from the Pedra
Branca mine have yielded certain taxa also
found in the carbonate concretions of the
Romualdo Member (Santana Formation) and
in the plattenkalk of the Crato Formation in
northeastern Brazil. Based on two specimens
obtained from this locality, we describe a
small and slender fish, Santanasalmo elegans
gen. et sp. nov. it can be recognized by a combination of features: elongate head with
prominent snout, reduced orbit, very long and
arched antorbital, edentulous jaws, boomerang-shaped preopercle with right vertical arm,
caudal endoskeleton with at least five hypurals,
high position of the lateral line on the flank.
According to a set of characters, the fish remains as a basal Euteleostei incertae sedis.
2010030342
法国大西洋鲟 Acipenser oxyrinchus 第一个
远古动物学证据 = First archaeozoological
identification of Atlantic sturgeon (Acipenser
oxyrinchus Mitchill 1815) in France. (英文).
Desse-Berset
N.
Comptes
Rendus
Palevol, 2009, 8(8): 717-724
To this day, the only sturgeon to be listed
on the French vertebrate inventory is the
99
European sturgeon (Acipenser sturio Linnaeus,
1758). The recent study of sturgeon remains
on various French archaeological sites shows
the presence of another species: the Atlantic
sturgeon (A. oxyrinchus Mitchill 1815). This
species already existed in the French Atlantic
region at the end of the Neolithic Age
5000 years ago and was still to be found
3000 years later. Thus the A. oxyrinchus determined in several Baltic medieval sites are
neither the only nor the first sturgeons to have
inhabited European waters. Sturgeon restoration projects in European rivers necessitate a
precise determination of the native species. In
the case of relict or extinct species, the bone
remains found on archaeological sites represent the most reliable source of information.
This discovery will also be the starting point
of palaeogenetical research (mitochondrial
and cellular aDNA) and will give information
about the genetic diversity of these threatened
or recently extinct populations.
2010030343
六腮鲨伴随着食谱变化发生的体型增大可
能 是 它 们 发 生 演 化 的 背 景 = Increase of
body size in sixgill sharks with change in diet
as a possible background of their evolution.
(英文). Adnet S; Martin R A. Historical Biology, 2007, 19(4): 279-289
Body size variation of a predator is a simple
way to follow the main changes in its food
source during its life history or along its evolution in ecology and paleoecology, respectively. Here, we present possible first evidence
of such predator-prey co-evolution through the
study of the body size evolution among sixgill
sharks (genus Hexanchus) inferred from their
fossil record and by comparison to the life
history of its two recent species. As for the
observed ontogenic diet change of the living
bluntnose sixgill shark (H. griseus), its ancestors appear to have developed a similar penchant for dining on marine mammals at the
end of the Paleogene with a remarkably wellcorrelated timing.
2010030344
来自沙特边缘海 Adaffa 组上白垩统（坎潘
期-马斯特里希特期）的一辐鳍鱼组合 = An
Upper Cretaceous (Campanian-Maastrichtian)
actinopterygian fish assemblage from the
marginal marine Adaffa Formation of Saudi
Arabia. (英文). Kear B P; Rich T H; Ali M A;
Al-Mufarrih Y A; Matiri A H; Al-Masary A
M; Attia Y. Cretaceous Research, 2009, 30(5):
1164-1168 1 图版.
Actinopterygian remains have been recovered from Upper Cretaceous (lower Campanian to lower Maastrichtian) marginal marine deposits of the Adaffa Formation in
northwestern Saudi Arabia. The fossils comprise gars (Lepisosteidae), pachycormids (cf.
Protosphyraena sp.), indeterminate pycnodontiforms, enchodontid teleosts (cf. Enchodus
sp.) and other indeterminate Teleostei. This
assemblage is significant because it includes a
novel occurrence for the Middle East (Pachycormidae) together with taxa (Lepisosteidae,
Pycnodontiformes, Enchodontidae) that have
been previously recorded from Late Cretaceous faunas elsewhere in the Mediterranean
Tethyan region.
2010030345
乌兹别克斯坦晚泥盆世 Bothriolepis 的新发
现 = A new find of the placoderm genus
Bothriolepis Eichwald in the Upper Devonian
of Uzbekistan. (英文). Moloshnikov S V. Paleontological Journal, 2010, 44(1): 79-83 2 图
版.
A new placoderm species, Bothriolepis sanzarensis sp. nov., from the Upper Frasnian
(Upper Devonian) of the western marginal
area of the Turkestan Mountain Ridge
(Samarkand Region, Uzbekistan) is described.
The new species is distinguished by the isometric anterior medio-dorsal plate, with a
broad posterior region, and the undulating sutures between this and other trunk plates. This
is the second find of Bothriolepididae in Uzbekistan.
2010030346
哈萨克斯坦中部中泥盆世沟鳞鱼属（鱼
纲，盾皮鱼纲）以及对胴甲鱼系统和系统
发生学的意义 = Middle Devonian bothriolepiform antiarchs (Pisces, Placodermi) from
central Kazakhstan and their implication for
the antiarch system and phylogeny. (英文).
Moloshnikov S V. Paleontological Journal, 2010, 44(2): 195-208 6 图版.
The bothriolepiform antiarchs Tenizolepis
asiatica (Obrucheva, 1955), Bothriolepis kassini Malinovskaja, 1988, and B. babichevi Malinovskaya, 1992 from the Givetian (Middle
Devonian) of Central Kazakhstan are redescribed. Tenizolepis bychkovi Malinovskaya,
1992, known from the Konyr Formation of the
Trudovoe vertebrate locality, is considered to
be a synonym of B. babichevi. The history of
100
investigation of bothriolepiforms from Kazakhstan is discussed. The system and phylogeny of antiarchs are discussed.
2010030347
沃罗涅什地区吉维特阶（中泥盆世）一新
种 psammosteiform heterostracan = A new
species of psammosteiform heterostracan
(Agnatha) from the Givetian (Middle Devonian) of the Voronezh Region. (英文). Moloshnikov S V. Paleontological Journal, 2009,
43(3): 306-310 2 图版.
A new pycnosteid species, Schizosteus
shkurlatensis sp. nov. (Agnatha, Psammosteiformes), from the Staryi Oskol beds (Givetian,
Middle Devonian) of the Voronezh Region is
described. This is the first species of the genus
Schizosteus Obruchev from the Central Devonian Field. The similarity between species of
this genus and early species of Psammolepis is
discussed.
2010030348
苏联地台中心区域下弗拉斯阶（晚泥盆
世）psammosteid 一新属 Oredezhosteus =
Oredezhosteus , a new psammosteid genus
(Heterostraci, Psammosteiformes) from the
Lower Frasnian (Upper Devonian) of the
Main Devonian Field. (英文). Moloshnikov S
V. Paleontological Journal, 2009, 43(2): 197200 2 图版.
A new psammosteid, Oredezhosteus kuleshovi gen. et sp. nov., from the Amata Regional Stage (Lower Frasnian) of the Leningrad Region is described. In addition,
Psammosteus livonicus Obruchev from beds
of the same age from Latvia is included in the
new genus. The major diagnostic characters
distinguishing Oredezhosteus gen. nov. from
Psammosteus Agassiz are the large rounded
striated tubercles, which cover more than half
width of the branchials, and the long base of
the branchial plates.
2010030349
在白垩纪末期绝灭后鳍状多刺的 teleost 鱼
爆 发 形 态 变 异 = Explosive morphological
diversification of spiny-finned teleost fishes in
the aftermath of the end-Cretaceous extinction.
(英文). Friedman M. Proceedings of the Royal
Society
B:
Biological
Sciences, 2010,
277(1688): 1675-1683
The spiny-finned teleost fishes (Acanthomorpha) include nearly one-third of all living
vertebrate species and assume a bewildering
array of bodyplans, but the macroevolutionary
assembly of modern acanthomorph biodiversity remains largely unexplored. Here, I reconstruct the trajectory of morphological diversification in this major radiation from its
first appearance in the Late Cretaceous to the
Miocene using a geometric morphometric database comprising more than 600 extinct species known from complete body fossils. The
anatomical diversity (disparity) of acanthomorphs is low throughout the Cretaceous, increases sharply and significantly in the wake
of the Cretaceous–Palaeogene (K–P) extinction, and shows little change throughout subsequent Cenozoic intervals. This pattern of
morphological diversification appears robust
to two potential biasing factors: the ‘Lagerstätten effect’, and the non-random segregation of rare and common taxa along phenotypic axes. Dissecting the trajectory of acanthomorph radiation along phylogenetic lines
reveals that the abrupt post-extinction increase
in disparity is driven largely by the proliferation of trophically diverse modern groups
within Percomorpha, a spiny-fin subclade containing more than 15 000 living species and
identified as showing a substantially elevated
diversification rate relative to background vertebrate levels. A major component of the
Palaeogene acanthomorph radiation reflects
colonization of morphospace previously occupied by non-acanthomorph victims of the K–P.
However, other aspects of morphological diversification cannot be explained by this simple ecological release model, suggesting that
multiple factors contributed to the prolific
anatomical radiation of acanthomorphs.
2010030350
澳洲中部泥盆纪的 phyllolepid 鱼（盾皮鱼
纲）：与老红砂岩大陆非海相关系的启示
= An articulated phyllolepid fish (Placodermi)
from the Devonian of central Australia: implications for non-marine connections with the
Old Red Sandstone continent. (英文). Young
G C. Geological Magazine, 2005, 142(2):
173-186
A second species of the placoderm genus
Placolepis (PI. harajica sp. nov.), based on a
single articulated specimen from GivetianFrasnian strata in the MacDonnell Ranges,
demonstrates the occurrence of this taxon
across the Australian craton. Placolepis (order
Phyllolepida) is endemic to east Gondwana,
and other phyllolepids are widespread in the
Givetian and younger of Gondwana (Australia,
Antarctica, Turkey, Venezuela), but do not
occur until Late Devonian (Famennian) time
101
in the Northern Hemisphere (Europe, Russia,
Greenland, North America). The disjunct
space-time distribution of the Phyllolepida is
inconsistent with palaeomagnetic evidence
indicating a wide equatorial ocean between
Gondwana and Laurussia in Late Devonian
time. This new species provides additional
evidence supporting a Gondwana origin for
the group, and later access to northern landmasses resulting from closure of the ocean
between Gondwana and Laurussia and continental connection at or near the FrasnianFamennian boundary.
2010030351
圆尾鱼属（Cyclurus，Amiidae，Pisces）
在中国的首次发现 = Discovery Of Cyclurus
（ Amiinae, Amiidae, Amiiformes, Pisces ）
From China. (英文). 张弥曼;王宁;吴飞翔. 古
脊椎动物学报, 2010, 48(2): 85-100
记 述 了 弓 鳍 鱼 亚 科 一 新 种 ： Cyclurus
orientalis （东方圆尾鱼），标本采集于
中国湖南省湘乡市下湾铺早始新世至中始
新世下湾铺组。化石因具有以下特征而被
归入弓鳍鱼亚科（Amiinae）：尾前椎为双
椎型；除第一尾椎和第一尾下骨外，其余
尾椎和尾下骨均一对一愈合；无膜质尾
骨；背鳍长。冈其第一冠状骨上的牙齿顶
端圆钝，而被归入 Cyclurus 属。本新种与
Cyclurus 属中其他种的区别在于：背鳍鳍
条较少；身体短而高；脊椎和椎体较少。
在始新世淡水鱼类的跨太平洋分布达到鼎
盛时，由于弓鳍鱼亚科并非仅分布于太平
洋两岸的类群，因此不能作为跨太平洋分
布的指示类群。弓鳍鱼亚科在北半球的分
布范围更广，与某些其他淡水鱼类群例如
狗 鱼 科 （ Esocidae ） 和 骨 舌 鱼 科
（Osteoglossidae）相似，这种现象只能用
有别于形成跨太平洋分布的地质背景来解
释。
2010030352
广西下泥盆统南极鱼类（盾皮鱼纲：节甲
鱼 目 ）一 新属 = A New Antarctaspid Arthrodire （Placoderm Fish） From The Lower
Devonian Of Guangxi, China. (英文). 朱敏;王
俊卿;王士涛. 古脊椎动物学报, 2010, 48(2):
101-110
依据采自广西平果早泥盆世郁江组中部
的化石材料，记述了盾皮鱼纲节甲鱼目南
极 鱼 科 的 一 新 属 、 新 种 —— 小 眼 坡 塘 鱼
（ Potangas pisparvoculatus gen ． et
sp．nov．）。该新属的眶孔很小，且为颅
顶甲骨片所完全包围；巾点线沟发育，与
眶上感觉沟、中心感觉沟和后点线沟一起
共同向颈片的骨化中心辏合。系统发育分
析表明新属和发现于南极洲中泥盆统的南
极鱼属构成姐妹群关系，支持了南极鱼科
位于节甲鱼目最基千位置的假说，同时为
早埃姆斯期东冈瓦纳大陆与中国南方之间
的古地理密切联系提供了新的证据.
两 栖 类
2010030353
标准分异、树状拓扑和大绝灭之母：来自
temnospondyls 的结果 = Calibrated diversity,
tree topology and the mother of mass extinctions: the lesson of temnospondyls. (英文).
Ruta M; Benton M J. Palaeontology, 2008,
51(6): 1261-1288
Three family-level cladistic analyses of
temnospondyl amphibians are used to evaluate
the impact of taxonomic rank, tree topology,
and sample size on diversity profiles, origination and extinction rates, and faunal turnover.
Temnospondyls are used as a case study for
investigating replacement of families across
the Permo-Triassic boundary and modality of
recovery in the aftermath of the end-Permian
mass extinction. Both observed and inferred
(i.e. tree topology-dependent) values of family
diversity have a negligible effect on the shape
of the diversity curve. However, inferred values produce both a flattening of the curve
throughout the Cisuralian and a less pronounced increase in family diversity from
Tatarian through to Induan than do observed
values. Diversity curves based upon counts of
genera and species display a clearer distinction between peaks and troughs. We use rarefaction techniques (specifically, rarefaction of
the number of genera and species within families) to evaluate the effect of sampling size on
the curve of estimated family-level diversity
during five time bins (Carboniferous; Cisuralian; Guadalupian–Lopingian; Early Triassic; Middle Triassic–Cretaceous). After applying rarefaction, we note that Cisuralian and
Early Triassic diversity values are closer to
one another than they are when the observed
number of families is used; both values are
also slightly higher than the Carboniferous
estimated diversity. The Guadalupian–
Lopingian value is lower than raw data indicate, reflecting in part the depauperate land
vertebrate diversity from the late Cisuralian to
the middle Guadalupian (Olson's gap). The
time-calibrated origination and extinction rate
trajectories plot out close to one another and
102
show a peak in the Induan, regardless of the
tree used to construct them. Origination and
extinction trajectories are disjunct in at least
some Palaeozoic intervals, and background
extinctions exert a significant role in shaping
temnospondyl diversity in the lowermost Triassic. Finally, species-, genus-, and family
trajectories consistently reveal a rapid increase
in temnospondyl diversity from latest Permian
to earliest Triassic as well as a decline near the
end of the Cisuralian. However, during the
rest of the Cisuralian family diversity increases slightly and there is no evidence for a
steady decline, contrary to previous reports.
2010030354
加拿大新斯科舍 Joggins 地区最近发现的两
栖类动物遗迹 = A recently discovered amphibian trackway (Dromillopus quadrifidus) at
Joggins, Nova Scotia. (英文). Mossman D J;
Grantham R G. Canadian Journal of Earth
Sciences, 1996, 33(5): 710–714
In 1990, a hypotype of the ichnospecies
Dromillopus quadrifidus Matthew, 1905 was
discovered preserved as a cast in a rockfall of
fine-grained Pennsylvanian (Westphalian B)
sandstone at Joggins, Nova Scotia. The hypotype of this tetrapod trackway, while possessing all the morphological features evident in
the holotype, is about five times larger. It also
exhibits relatively subtle salamandroid affinities, thus helping confirm the original assignation. Minimum length of the adult amphibian
trackmaker is estimated at 20 cm.
2010030355
南非中三叠统离片椎类 Xenotosuchus africanus 一 巨 型 颅 骨 及 其 个 体 发 育 意 义 =
Agiant skull of the temnospondyl Xenotosuchus africanus from the Middle Triassic of
South Africa and its ontogenetic implications.
( 英 文 ). Damiani R. Acta palaeontologica
Polonica, 2008, 53(1): 75-84
A previously unreported large skull of the
mastodonsaurid temnospondyl Xenotosuchus
africanus, from the Cynognathus Assemblage
Zone of the Beaufort Group, Karoo Basin of
South Africa, is described. The new specimen
permits recognition of a growth series for X.
africanus from Sub-adult to fully adult stages.
Ontogenetic changes associated with this include changes in skull propotions, and
changes in the morphology of the lacrimal
flexure, frontal, postfrontal, cultriform process
and body of the parasphenoid, and the trasvomerine tooth row.
2010030356
两栖类 Chioglossa lusitanica 的第一个化石
证据及其对这个种历史生物地理的意义 =
First fossil evidence for the golden-striped
salamander Chioglossa lusitanica (Amphibia,
Caudata) and its implication for the historical
biogeography of the species. (法文). Blain H
A; López-García J M; Cuenca-Bescós G;
Alons C; aquero M; Alonso S. Comptes Rendus Palevol, 2009, 8(8): 693-703
Although ongoing, excavations at the Valdavara-1 cave (Galicia, northwestern Spain)
have already yielded a rich and highly diverse
terrestrial small vertebrate assemblage.
Among the findings, two precaudal vertebrae
from the Holocene level (with a radiocarbon
age of 4490 ± 40 years BP) are attributed to
the golden-striped salamander (Chioglossa
lusitanica) and constitute the first fossil evidence for this species. Because of the poor
intraspecific genetic diversity of living Spanish populations it has been proposed that they
have a recent origin linked with a postglacial
expansion from southern refuges. The palaeontological data presented in this paper thus
show that the northernmost expansion of the
species took place at least as early as the
Chalcolithic period and permit the estimation
of its dispersion speed within its potential distribution area.
2010030357
中国西北部早白垩世鸟臀类一个新的原始
鸭嘴龙 = A new basal hadrosauriform dinosaur (Ornithischia: Iguanodontia) from the
Early Cretaceous of northwestern China. (英
文). You Hailu; Li Daqing. Canadian Journal
of Earth Sciences, 2009, 46(12): 949-957
A new hadrosauriform dinosaur, Jintasaurus meniscus gen. et sp. nov., is reported from
the Lower Cretaceous Xinminpu Group of the
Yujingzi Basin, Jiuquan area, Gansu Province,
northwestern China. It is represented by an
articulated posterior portion of the skull and is
unique in having an extremely long, pendant
and crescentic paroccipital process with its
ventral tip projecting far beyond the ventral
level of the occipital condyle. Phylogenetic
analysis recovers Jintasaurus as the sistertaxon to Hadrosauroidea, more derived than
other Early Cretaceous hadrosauriforms and
Protohadros from the early Late Cretaceous
of North America. This discovery adds one
more close relative to Hadrosauroidea in Asia
and supports an Asian origin for this group.
103
爬 行 类
2010030358
比 利 牛 斯 山 脉 Fumanya 地 区
Maastrichtian 期只有前足印的巨龙类行迹:
潜 印痕起源的 更多证据 = Manus-only titanosaurid trackway from Fumanya (Maastrichtian, Pyrenees): further evidence for an
underprint origin. (英文). Vila B; Oms O; Galobart A. Lethaia, 2005, 38(3): 211 - 218
The origin of manus-only and manus dominated sauropod trackways has been a matter of
intense debate since two hyphothesis exist: (a)
manus-only and manus-dominated trackways
result from a 'swimming' sauropod, and (b)
they result from a selective underprint phenomenon that only leaves the manus recorded.
Several new sauropod trackways are reported
in the Fumanya tracksite area (Maastrichtian),
in SE Pyrenees, where both tracks and undertracks are found on the same stratigraphic
bedding surface. In one of the trackways,
footprint morphology together with the trackway pattern displays a clear succession of manus-only impressions attributed to a sauropod
dinosaur in a walking gait. The ichnological
comparison between the manus-only trackway
with the other complete trackway (manus-pes)
display an identical distribution of the manus
pattern. This fact clearly points towards an
underprint phenomenon as the origin for manus-only trackways, since it is rather unlikely
that the same pattern would completely match
different locomotion behaviours such as walking and swimming. Therefore, we suggest an
interpretation based on the differential loading
between the hindfoot and the forefoot on an
upper stratigraphic track-level, for the studied
manus-only trackway.
2010030359
陈列上的极地恐龙：恐龙迁移的评论 = Polar dinosaurs on parade: a review of dinosaur
migration. (英文). Bell P R; Snively E. Alcheringa, 2008, 32(3): 271 - 284
Cretaceous polar dinosaur faunas were
taxonomically diverse, which suggests varied
strategies for coping with the climatic stress of
high latitudes. Some polar dinosaurs, particularly larger taxa such as the duckbill Edmontosaurus Lambe, 1917, were biomechanically
and energetically capable of migrating over
long distances, up to 2600 km. However, current evidence strongly suggests many polar
dinosaurs (including sauropods, large and
small theropods, and ankylosaurs of New Zealand) overwintered in preference to migration.
Certain groups also appear more predisposed
to overwintering based on their physical inability (related to biomechanics, natural history, or absolute size) to migrate, such as ankylosaurs and many small taxa, including hypsilophodontids and troodontids. Low-nutrient
subsistence is found to be the best overwintering method overall, although the likelihood
that other taxa employed alternative means
remains plausible. Despite wide distribution of
some genera, species-level identification is
required to assess the applicability of such
distributions to migration distances. Presently,
such resolution is not available or contradicts
the migration hypothesis.
2010030360
巴西东北部下白垩统桑塔纳组具有共生软
构造的一个小兽足类恐龙的骨骼化石 =
Skeletal remains of a small theropod dinosaur
with associated soft structures from the Lower
Cretaceous Santana Formation of northeastern
Brazil. (英文). Martill D M; Frey E; Sues H D;
Cruickshank A R I. Canadian Journal of
Earth Sciences, 2000, 37(6): 891–900
Associated
well-preserved,
uncrushed
skeletal remains, comprising the pelvic girdle,
partial sacrum, both femora, and parts of the
right tibia and fibula, from the Romualdo
Member of the Lower Cretaceous Santana
Formation of northeastern Brazil record the
presence of a previously unknown coelurosaurian theropod dinosaur in that formation.
The pelvic girdle is noteworthy for the bilaterally asymmetrical development of various
bony features. The specimen also preserves a
segment of lithified intestinal tract. While still
in the matrix, the fossil preserved a vacuity
behind the pubic apron that may indicate the
existence of a postpubic air sac.
2010030361
蛇颈龙类颅内解剖——功能性次生颚板的
证据 = The internal cranial anatomy of the
Plesiosauria (Reptilia, Sauropterygia): evidence for a functional secondary palate. (英
文). Buchy M; Frey E; Salisbury S W. Lethaia, 2006, 39(4): 289 - 303
In the late 19th Century, the choanae (or internal nares) of the Plesiosauria were identified as a pair of palatal openings located rostral to the external nares, implying a rostrally
directed respiratory duct and air path inside
the rostrum. Despite obvious functional shortcomings, this idea was firmly established in
the scientific literature by the first decade of
104
the 20th Century. The functional consequences of this morphology were only reexamined by the end of the 20th Century,
leading to the conclusion that the choanae
were not involved in respiration but instead in
underwater olfaction, the animals supposedly
breathing with the mouth agape. Reevaluation of the palatal and internal cranial
anatomy of the Plesiosauria reveals that the
traditional identification of the choanae as a
pair of fenestrae situated rostral to the external
nares appears erroneous. These openings more
likely represent the bony apertures of ducts
that lead to internal salt glands situated inside
the maxillary rostrum. The 'real' functional
choanae (or caudal interpterygoid vacuities),
are situated at the caudal end of the bony palate between the sub-temporal fossae, as was
suggested in the mid-19th Century. The existence of a functional secondary palate in the
Plesiosauria is therefore strongly supported,
and the anatomical, physiological, and evolutionary implications of such a structure are
discussed.
2010030362
俄罗斯西伯利亚东部新的中新世蛇动物
群：蛇动物群是否在欧亚中新世时期大都
是 同 源 的 ？ = A new Miocene fauna of
snakes from eastern Siberia, Russia.: Was the
snake fauna largely homogenous in Eurasia
during the Miocene?. ( 英 文 ). Rage J C;
Danilov I G. Comptes Rendus Palevol, 2008,
7(6): 383-390
Togay, a locality from Ol’khon Island,
Baykal Lake, Russia, has yielded a fauna of
snakes of Late Middle or early Late Miocene
age. It is located in a broad area from which
no Neogene snake has been reported; therefore, it represents an important landmark. The
fauna includes a non-erycine boid, two or
three colubrids, a viperid of the ‘oriental complex’ of Vipera, and perhaps another viperid.
This assemblage is astonishingly reminiscent
of the snake faunas from the late Early and
early Middle Miocene from western and central Europe, it being understood that Miocene
faunas are practically unknown in the geographically intermediary area. It may be entertained whether a homogenous snake fauna
inhabited Eurasia (except the southern part of
the continent) during the Miocene.
2010030363
捕食恐龙和被捕食恐龙的相对生长率反应
捕食作用的影响 = Relative growth rates of
predator and prey dinosaurs reflect effects of
predation. (英文). Cooper L N; Lee A H; Taper M L; Horner J R. Proceedings of the
Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 2008,
275(1651): 2609-2615
Hadrosaurs grew rapidly, and quantifying
their growth is key to understanding lifehistory interactions between predators and
prey during the Late Cretaceous. In this study,
we longitudinally sampled a sequence of lines
of arrested growth (LAGs) from an essentially
full-grown hadrosaur Hypacrosaurus stebingeri (MOR 549). Spatial locations of LAGs in
the femoral and tibial transverse sections of
MOR 549 were measured and circumferences
were calculated. For each bone, a time series
of circumference data was fitted to several
stochastic, discrete growth models. Our results
suggest that the femur and the tibia of this
specimen of Hypacrosaurus probably followed a Gompertz curve and that LAGs reportedly missing from early ontogeny were
obscured by perimedullary resorption. In this
specimen, death occurred at 13 years and took
approximately 10–12 years to reach 95 per
cent asymptotic size. The age at growth inflection, which is a proxy for reproductive maturity, occurred at approximately 2–3 years.
Comparisons with several small and large
predatory theropods reveal that MOR 549
grew faster and matured sooner than they did.
These results suggest that Hypacrosaurus was
able to partly avoid predators by outgrowing
them.
2010030364
加拿大阿尔伯特 Park 组白垩纪恐龙中一新
大型似鸟龙：研究分散恐龙遗骸的暗示 =
A new, large Ornithomimid from the Cretaceous Dinosaur Park Formation of Alberta,
Canada: implications for the study of dissociated Dinosaur remains. (英文). Longrich N.
Palaeontology, 2008, 51(4): 983-997
Only two ornithomimid genera, Ornithomimus and Struthiomimus, are currently
known from the Upper Cretaceous of North
America. However, a number of ornithomimid
elements from Alberta's Dinosaur Park Formation (Upper Campanian), cannot be assigned
to either Ornithomimus or Struthiomimus.
These bones, including a frontal, caudal vertebrae, and unguals of the manus and the pes,
come from animals significantly larger than
any previously known Judithian ornithomimid.
The frontal exhibits several unusual features,
including transverse expansion over the prefrontals, and extreme reduction of the supratemporal fossae. Caudal vertebrae are
105
characterized by neural arches that are posteriorly shifted and transversely expanded.
Manual unguals possess a highly concave articular surface, a flexor tubercle divided by a
sulcus, and a broad claw. Pedal unguals display highly concave articular surfaces, and a
ridge-like flexor tubercle dividing a deep ventral fossa. Although it is difficult to know
whether these elements represent a single
taxon, this is currently the most parsimonious
hypothesis. This study demonstrates how isolated dinosaur bones can extend our knowledge of dinosaur faunas.
2010030365
蒙大拿上白垩统 Two Medicine 组独特的手
盗龙蛋堆揭示兽脚亚目筑巢习性 = Unique
Maniraptoran egg clutch from the Upper Cretaceous Two Medicine Formation of Montana
reveals theropod nesting behaviour. ( 英 文 ).
Zelenitsky D K; Therrien F. Palaeontology, 2008, 51(6): 1253-1259
Egg clutches of non-avian maniraptoran
theropods (Dinosauria) are rare, particularly in
North America where those of Troodon formosus are the only maniraptoran clutches
known. Here we describe a new partial
maniraptoran clutch and nesting trace referred
to Montanoolithus strongorum oogen. et oosp.
nov. (Montanoolithidae oofam. nov.), from the
Upper Cretaceous Two Medicine Formation
of Montana. Based on a cladistic analysis of
reproductive traits, we infer that this clutch
belonged either to a caenagnathid or to a dromaeosaurid, which makes it the first clutch
known of either taxon. This specimen preserves impressions and eggshell fragments of
at least five eggs on a nest structure. The eggs
are asymmetrical, paired, and lay radially in a
ring configuration on the sloped sides of a bioturbated, flat-topped sandstone mound. Geology of the locality indicates the female nested
in a poorly-vegetated area of freshly deposited
sand, possibly near an active river channel.
This clutch reveals that the egg-layer of Montanoolithus strongorum had a unique suite of
reproductive characteristics and nesting behaviours among maniraptorans.
2010030366
加拿大北极地区发现与亚洲有关的晚白垩
世 macrobaenid 龟化石：通过无冰极地路
线的扩散 = New Late Cretaceous macrobaenid turtle with Asian affinities from the High
Canadian Arctic: Dispersal via ice-free polar
routes. (英文). Vandermark D; Tarduno J A;
Brinkman D B; Cottrell R D; Mason S.
Geology, 2000, 37(2): 183-186
A new turtle, Aurorachelys gaffneyi gen. et
sp. nov., is described on the basis of a carapace and plastron of late Turonian–Coniacian
age from Axel Heiberg Island in the High Canadian Arctic. This turtle is a member of the
Macrobaenidae, a group that is thought to have
originated in Asia. It differs from all other
Late Cretaceous macrobaenids in its nearly
circular shell. The earliest record of macrobaenids in North America documented by this
specimen, together with the earliest records of
other turtle clades that presumably originated
in Asia, indicates that turtle dispersal was episodic, with most first occurrences of Asian
taxa in North America clustering around the
Turonian. The high global temperatures of the
Turonian are interpreted as facilitating this
episode of dispersal of Asian turtle groups into
North America. Islands and seamounts in the
young, volcanically active Arctic Ocean during the Late Cretaceous may have acted as an
alternative to an Alaskan intercontinental route,
and may have allowed macrobaenids to enter
the part of North America east of the interior
continental seaway
2010030367
白垩纪恐龙群体灭亡的可能杀手—石内菌
= Endolithic fungi: A possible killer for the
mass extinction of Cretaceous dinosaurs. (英
文). Gong Yiming; Xu Ran; Hu Bi. Science in
China Series D: Earth Sciences, 2008, 51(6):
801-807
Mycelium-like structures found under
ESEM within radial sections of fragmental
dinosaur eggshells would be the endolithic
fungi coexistent with dinosaur eggs in the upper part of the Late Cretaceous Hugang Formation from the Wenjiaping section of
Wenxian, Danjiangkou, northwestern Hubei,
Central China. The endolithic fungi selectively occurred in the bad biomineral zone
within the columnar layer of the eggshells,
where the crowded endolithic fungi penetrated
the columnar layer at near-vertical or nearhorizontal angles. The endolithic fungi are
needle-like, ribbon-like and silk-like, and 5–
18 μm long, 0.3–0.5 μm wide at their base,
with pointed tip, and are unbranched. The hyphae are mainly composed of oxygen, carbon
and calcium, and are with minor sodium, potassium, chlorine and sulfur. The endolithic
fungi and host have the same characters in
lithification, fracture and main chemical composition. We suggested that the episode en106
dolithic fungi invading dinosaur eggs may
have taken place in the interval between after
formation of dinosaur eggshells and before
their petrification and that dinosaur eggs invaded by endolithic fungi would not be normally incubated or would only be incubated
into venerable and pathologic baby dinosaurs
to be easily to aborted and contributed to the
mass extinction of the dinosaurs at the end of
Cretaceous.
2010030368
白垩纪 Nyctosaurus 膜附着嵴的空气动力
学特征 = Aerodynamic Characteristics of the
Crest with Membrane Attachment on Cretaceous Pterodactyloid Nyctosaurus. ( 英 文 ).
Xing Lida; Wu Jianghao; Lu Yi; Lu Junchang;
Ji Qiang. Acta Geologica Sinica, 2009, 83(1):
25-32
The Nyctosaurus specimen K J1 was reconstructed under the hypothesis that there is a
membrane attached to the crest; the so-called
headsail crest. The aerodynamic forces and
moment acting on the headsail crest were analyzed. It was shown that K J1 might adjust the
angle of the headsail crest relative to the air
current as one way to generate thrust （one of
the aerodynamic forces, used to overcome
body drag in forward flight） and that the
magnitude of the thrust and moment could
vary with the gesture angle and the relative
location between the aerodynamic center of
the headsail crest and body＇s center of gravity. Three scenarios were tested for comparison： the crest with membrane attachment,
the crest without membrane attachment and
the absence of a cranial crest. It was shown
that
the
aerodynamic
characteristics
（ increasing, maintaining and decreasing
thrusts and moment） would have almost disappear in flight for the crest without membrane attachment and was non-existent without the cranial crest. It is suggested from aerodynamics evidence alone that Nyctosaurus
specimen KJ1 had a membrane attached to the
crest and used this reconstructed form for auxiliary flight control.
2010030369
内蒙古巴彦曼达呼上白垩统红层的
Sineoamphisbaena hexatabularis,兼评蚓蜥
动物的系统发育关系 = Sineoamphisbaena
hexatabularis, an amphisbaenian (Diapsida:
Squamata) from the Upper Cretaceous redbeds
at Bayan Mandahu (Inner Mongolia, People's
Republic of China), and comments on the
phylogenetic relationships of the Amphisbaenia. ( 英 文 ). Xiao-Chun Wu; Donald B.
Brinkman; and Anthony P. Russell. Canadian
Journal of Earth Sciences, 1996, 33(4): 541–
577
Sineoamphisbaena hexatabularis Wu et al.,
1993 is the earliest known amphisbaenian represented by well-preserved cranial and postcranial material. It reveals a mosaic of generalized lizard-like features and amphisbaenian
characters. Most distinctive of the latter are
features of cranial consolidation adaptive for a
fossorial way of life. Phylogenetic analyses
strongly confirm the monophyly of the Amphisbaenia inclusive of S. hexatabularis. The
Amphisbaenia is diagnosed by a suite of apomorphic characters. The available evidence
suggests
a
probable
Amphisbaenia–
Macrocephalosauridae relationship within the
Scincomorpha. This is supported primarily by
the unique modifications of the palate and
temporal region of the skull. It is argued here
that the Amphisbaenia evolved in Central Asia
during the Cretaceous, in response to the transition from a perennial lacustrine environment
to a dry, semiarid eolian environment. The
relatively primitive morphology indicates that
S. hexatabularis was not permanently subterranean. The further derived modifications of
later forms are associated with tunneling in an
environment of more compact soils.
2010030370
古新世新热带区巨大 boid 蛇揭示过去赤道
温度更高 = Giant boid snake from the Palaeocene neotropics reveals hotter past equatorial temperatures. (英文). Jason J. Head J J;
Bloch J I; Hastings A K; Bourque J R; Cadena
E A; Herrera F A; Polly P D; Jaramillo C A.
Nature, 2009, 457(7230): 715-717
The largest extant snakes live in the tropics
of South America and southeast Asia where
high temperatures facilitate the evolution of
large body sizes among air-breathing animals
whose body temperatures are dependant on
ambient
environmental
temperatures
(poikilothermy). Very little is known about
ancient tropical terrestrial ecosystems, limiting
our understanding of the evolution of giant
snakes and their relationship to climate in the
past. Here we describe a boid snake from the
oldest known neotropical rainforest fauna
from the Cerrejón Formation (58–60 Myr ago)
in northeastern Colombia. We estimate a body
length of 13 m and a mass of 1,135 kg, making it the largest known snake. The maximum
size of poikilothermic animals at a given tem107
perature is limited by metabolic rate, and a
snake of this size would require a minimum
mean annual temperature of 30–34 °C to survive. This estimate is consistent with hypotheses of hot Palaeocene neotropics with high
concentrations of atmospheric CO2 based on
climate models. Comparison of palaeotemperature estimates from the equator to those
from South American mid-latitudes indicates a
relatively steep temperature gradient during
the early Palaeogene greenhouse, similar to
that of today. Depositional environments and
faunal composition of the Cerrejón Formation
indicate an anaconda-like ecology for the giant snake, and an earliest Cenozoic origin of
neotropical vertebrate faunas.
2010030371
具 有 丝 状 膜 构 造 的 早 期 白 垩 世
heterodontosaurid 恐龙 = An Early Cretaceous heterodontosaurid dinosaur with filamentous integumentary structures. ( 英 文 ).
Zheng Xiao-Ting; You Hai-Lu; Xu Xing;
Dong Zhi-Ming. Nature, 2009, 458(7236):
333-336
Ornithischia is one of the two major groups
of dinosaurs, with heterodontosauridae as one
of its major clades. Heterodontosauridae is
characterized by small, gracile bodies and a
problematic phylogenetic position. Recent
phylogenetic work indicates that it represents
the most basal group of all well-known ornithischians3. Previous heterodontosaurid records are mainly from the Early Jurassic period (205–190 million years ago) of Africa.
Here we report a new heterodontosaurid,
Tianyulong confuciusi gen. et sp. nov., from
the Early Cretaceous period (144–99 million
years ago) of western Liaoning Province,
China. Tianyulong extends the geographical
distribution of heterodontosaurids to Asia and
confirms the clade's previously questionable
temporal range extension into the Early Cretaceous period. More surprisingly, Tianyulong
bears long, singular and unbranched filamentous integumentary (outer skin) structures.
This represents the first confirmed report, to
our knowledge, of filamentous integumentary
structures in an ornithischian dinosaur
2010030372
新的三叠纪前棱蜥类及其在二叠纪-三叠纪
绝灭事件期间对前棱蜥成活的意义 = A new
Triassic procolophonoid reptile and its implications for procolophonoid survivorship during the Permo-Triassic extinction event. (英
文). Modesto S; Sues H D; Damiani R. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological
Sciences, 2009, 276(1667): 2047-2052
A reptile specimen from the Lystrosaurus
Assemblage Zone of the Beaufort Group, lowermost Triassic of South Africa, represents a
new procolophonoid parareptile. Sauropareion anoplus gen. et sp. nov. is identified as
the sister taxon of Procolophonidae in a phylogenetic analysis of procolophonoids. Stratigraphic calibration of the most parsimonious
tree reveals that four of the six procolophonoid lineages originating in the Permian Period
extended into the succeeding Triassic Period.
This relatively high taxic survivorship (67%)
across the Permo–Triassic boundary strongly
suggests that procolophonoids were little if at
all affected by the mass extinction event that
punctuated the end of the Palaeozoic Era (ca.
251 million years ago).
2010030373
尼日尔下白垩统 Elrhaz 组基干 abelisaurid
和 carcharodontosaurid = Basal abelisaurid
and carcharodontosaurid theropods from the
Lower Cretaceous Elrhaz Formation of Niger.
(英文). Sereno P C; Brusatte S L. Acta palaeontologica Polonica, 2008, 53(1): 15-46
The abelisaurid, Kryptopos palaios gen. et
sp. nov., is represented by a single individual
preserving the maxilla, pelvic girdle, vertebrae
and ribs. Several features, including a maxilla
textured externally by impressed vascular
grooves and a narrow antorbital fossa, clearly
place Kryptops palaios within Abelisauridae
as its oldest known member. The carcharodontosaurid, Eocarcharia dinops gen. et sp. nov.,
is represented by several cranial bones and
isolated teeth. Phylogenetic analysis places it
as basal carcharodontosaurid, similar to Acrocanthosaurus and less derived than Carcharodontosaurus and Giganotosaurus.
2010030374
中国东北部白垩统最上部新的鸭嘴龙 =
New hadrosaurid dinosaurs from the uppermost Cretaceous of northeastern China. (英文).
Godefroit P; Hai Shuling; Yu Tingxiang;
Lauters P. Acta palaeontologica Polonica, 2008, 53(1): 47-74
Several hundred disauriticulated dinosaur
bones have been recovered from a large
quarry at Wulaga (Heilongiang Province,
China), in the Upper Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) Yuliangze Formation. The Wulaga
quarry can be regarded as a monodominant
bonebed: more than 80% of the bones belong
108
to a new lambeosaurine hadrosaurid, Sahaliyania elunchunorum gen. et sp. nov. This
taxon is characterised by long and slender paroccipital processes, a prominent lateral depression on the dorsal surface of the frontal, a
quadratojugal notch that is displaced ventrally
on the quadrate, and a prepubic blade that is
asymmetrically expanded, with an important
emphasis to the dorsal side. Besides
Sahaliyania, other isolated bones display atyplay a typical hadrosaurine morphology and
are referred to Wulagasaurus dongi gen. et sp.
nov., a new taxon characterised by the maxilla
pierced by a single loramen below the jugal
process, a very slender dentary not pierced by
foramina, and by the eltopectoral crest oriented cranially.
2010030375
角龙 Psittacosaurus major 头盖骨解剖的新
数据 = New data on cranial anatomy of the
ceratopsian dinosaur Psittacosaurus major. (英
文). You Hailu; Tanoue K; Dodson P. Acta
palaeontologica Polonica, 2008, 53(2): 169182
An exceptionally preserved skull and mandible of ceratopsian dinousaur Psittacosaurus
major revealed many antomical details such as
the existence of an elliptical median interpremaxillary foramen, a prominent neurovascular
canal on the internal wall of lthe beak, long,
slightly divergent basipterygoid processes developed as vertical blades with a deep cleft
between them, land horizontally orinted vomer. The new specimen shows two autapomorphies of Psittacosaurus major, the transversely narrow dorsal skull roof and very
prominent dentary flanges, confirming the
presence of two large-skulled psittacosaur
species in the Lujiatun Bed of the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation in Beipiao City,
western Liaoning Province, China, the long and narrow-skulled P. major, and broadskulled P. lujiatunensis.
2010030376
在一鸟脚类恐龙中的胃石 = Gastroliths in an
ornithopod dinosaur. (英文). Cerda I A. Acta
palaeontologica Polonica, 2008, 53(2): 351355
Gastroliths (stomach stones) are known
from many extant and extinct vertebrates, including dinosaurs. Reported here is the first
unambiguous record of gastroliths in an ornithopod dinosaur. Clusters of small stones
found in the abdominal region of three articulated skeletons of Gasparinisaura cinosalten-
sis were identified as gastroliths on the basis
of taphonomic and sedimentologic evidence.
The large mumber of somes found in each
individual, their size, and the fact that Gasparinisaura cincosaltensis was herbivorous,
and suggest that they were ingested as a result
of lithophagy rather than accidental swallowing.
2010030377
阿根廷里奥内格罗省丹尼阶 Roca 组陆相龟
鳖类（侧颈龟亚目：龟鳖科） = Continental Turtles (Pleurodira: Chelidae) from the
Roca Formation (Danian), Rio Negro Province, Argentina. (其他). Bona P; Heredia S;
De la Fuente M. Ameghiniana: Revista de la
asociacion Paleontologica Argentina, 2009,
46(2): 255-262
Roca Formation is a stratigraphic succession of marine and continental sediments that
belongs to Malargue Group, which was deposited from the Late Campanian to the Danian in
the Neuquen Basin, western Argentina. Fossil
vertebrates recovered at different outcroppings
of this lithostratigraphic unit correspond to
marine taxa. The turtle material studied here
was collected from the lower section of Roca
Formation (Maastrichtian?-Danian) in northeastern Lago Pelegrini (38 degrees 40' 06 '' S,
67 degrees 52' 02 '' O), Rio Negro Province.
Remains of carapace and plastron of continental turtles were assigned to indeterminate
chelid pleurodires and to Yaminuechelys cf.
maior (Staesche, 1929). This record of chelid
turtles in Roca Formation confirms the existence of marine paleoenvironments with continental influence and represents the first record of Danian continental vertebrates in the
Neuquen Basin.
2010030378
跨越二叠纪-三叠纪界线的四足类动物灭绝
的时间和数量 = Timing and magnitude of
tetrapod extinctions across the Permo-Triassic
boundary. ( 英 文 ). Lucas S G. Journal of
Asian Earth Sciences, 2009, 36(6): 491-502
A review of the tetrapod (amphibian and
amniote) record across the Permo-Triassic
boundary (PTB) indicates a global evolutionary turnover of tetrapods close to the PTB.
There is also a within-Guadalupian tetrapod
extinction here called the dinocephalian extinction event, probably of global extent. The
dinocephalian extinction event is a late Wordian or early Capitanian extinction based on
biostratigraphic data and magnetostratigraphy
(the extinction precedes the Illawara reversal),
109
so it is not synchronous with the endGuadalupian marine extinction. The Russian
PTB section documents two tetrapod extinction events, one just before the dinocephalian
extinction event and the other at the base of
the Lystrosaurus assemblage. However, generic diversity across the latter extinction remains essentially the same despite a total evolutionary turnover of tetrapod genera. The
Chinese and South African sections document
the stratigraphic overlap of Dicynodon and
Lystrosaurus. In the Karoo basin, the lowest
occurrence of Lystrosaurus is in a stratigraphic interval of reversed magnetic polarity,
which indicates it predates the marine-defined
PTB, so, as previously suggested by some
workers, the lowest occurrence of Lystrosaurus cannot be used to identify the PTB in
nonmarine strata. Correlation of the marine
PTB section at Meishan, southern China, to
the Karoo basin based primarily on magnetostratigraphy indicates that the main marine
extinction preceded the PTB tetrapod extinction event. The ecological severity of the PTB
tetrapod extinction event has generally been
overstated, and the major change in tetrapod
assemblages that took place across the PTB
was the prolonged and complex "replacement"
of therapsids by archosaurs that began before
the end of the Permian and was not complete
until well into the Triassic. The tetrapod extinctions are not synchronous with the major
marine extinctions at the end of the Guadalupian and just before the end of the Permian, so
the idea of catastrophic causes of synchronous
PTB extinctions on land and sea should be
reconsidered
2010030379
卡梅罗斯盆地（西班牙）的蜥脚类行迹：
侏罗-白垩纪之交行迹的特征、模式及演化
= Sauropod tracks of the Cameros Basin
(Spain): Identification, trackway patterns and
changes over the Jurassic-Cretaceous. (英文).
Moratalla J J. Geobios, 2009, 42(6): 797-881
Sauropod tracks make up only about 2% of
the Cameros Basin ichnocenosis, but they are
present over the entire time span represented
by the Cameros sediments. The makers of
these tracks are identified in terms of their
associated trackway pattern as either wide or
narrow-gauge morphotypes. Narrow-gauge
trackways dominate the Tithonian-Berriasian
interval. Wide-gauge trackways become notably more common after the Berriasian, although narrow-gauge trackways are still present and dominate the Cameros ecosystems
even during the Aptian. At this time, an interesting equilibrium between titanosauriform
and non-titanosauriform sauropod trackways
is evident, although the latter are somewhat
more common. A review of the Iberian sauropod bone record suggests that Turiasauria +
Euhelopidae, Rebbachisauridae and Titanosauriformes are the three groups mainly responsible for the Cameros Basin sauropod
ichnocenosis.
2010030380
新墨西哥州（美国）上三叠统具多个隆突
的大型初龙类牙齿：论初龙类中隆突的生
长与变异 = A large archosauriform tooth with
multiple supernumerary carinae from the Upper Triassic of New Mexico (USA), with
comments on carina development and anomalies in the Archosauria. (英文). Beatty B L;
Heckert A B. Historical Biology, 2009, 21(1
& 2): 57-65
Here we report a tooth of a large archosauriform from the Upper Triassic of New
Mexico, USA that displays developmental
anomalies of carina formation. This tooth has
two supernumerary carinae, both on the lingual side of the tooth. Previously, carina
anomalies of this sort were primarily known
from theropod dinosaurs, but always from the
labial surface. Integrating this specimen into a
reassessment of the published accounts of carina anomalies in other fossil diapsids reveals
that supernumerary carinae are more widespread throughout Archosauriformes than previously reported. Our interpretation of this
developmental anomaly highlights the present
lack of understanding of tooth development in
archosaurs, particularly carina formation, and
suggests that crown morphology development
in archosauriforms may be constrained differently than it is in mammals. This developmental constraint may explain the differences observed between the complexity found in
mammal and archosauriform cusp morphology.
2010030381
关于飞龙类翼延伸的新模式 = New models
for the wing extension in pterosaurs. (英文).
Prondvai Edina; Hone D W E. Historical Biology, 2008, 20(4): 237-254
All powered flying animals have to face the
same energetic problems: operating the wings
during steady flight with muscles that require
constant energy input and neural control to
work. Accordingly the extant flying vertebrates have apparently found very similar so110
lutions to parts of these issues - the biomechanical automatism built in their skeletal,
muscular and connective tissue system. Based
on these extant analogues (birds and bats) two
new models are presented here for the mechanism of the distal wing extension in pterosaurs,
an extinct group of flying vertebrates. The
elongate fourth finger which solely supported
their extensive flight membrane was a long
lever arm that experienced significant loads
and for which a reduction in muscle mass
through automatisation would have been
strongly beneficial. In the first model we hypothesize the presence of a propatagial ligament or ligamentous system which, as a result
of the elbow extension, automatically performs and maintains the extension of the wing
finger during flight and prohibits the hyperextension of the elbow. The second model has a
co-operating bird-like propatagial ligamentous
system and bat-like tendinous extensor muscle
system on the forearm of the hypothetical
pterosaur. Both models provide strong benefits to an animal with powered flight: (1) reduction of muscles and weight in the distal
wing; (2) prevention of hyper extension of the
elbow against drag; (3) automating wing extension and thereby reducing metabolic costs
required to operate the pterosaurian locomotor
apparatus. These models, although hypothetical, fit with the existing fossil evidence and
lay down a basis for further biomechanical
and/or aerodynamical investigations.
2010030382
巴西上白垩统巴鲁群乌贝拉巴组中首次发
现雷龙轴骨化石 = First titanosaur (Saurischia, Sauropoda) axial remains from the
Uberaba Formation, Upper Cretaceous, Bauru
Group, Brazil. (英文). Santucci R M. Historical Biology, 2008, 20(3): 165-173
The Adamantina and Mar lia formations are
considered to be the richest vertebrate-bearing
units in the Bauru Group, Upper Cretaceous,
Brazil. In contrast, the fossil content from the
Uberaba Formation, which only outcrops in
Minas Gerais State, is scarce and poorly understood. In this essay the first taxonomically
informative titanosaur remains unearthed from
this unit are reported. They comprise anterior
caudal vertebrae from two different individuals corresponding to a probably basal titanosaur (CPP-360) and a derived titanosaur (CPP217). Although these remains can be clearly
distinguished from other titanosaurs on the
basis of their unique association of characteristics like the presence of mildly procoelous
centra, lateral pits in the anterior caudal vertebrae, and prezygapophyses with a dorsal protuberance in anterior caudals in CPP-360 and
the presence of strongly developed prespinal,
spinopostzygapophyseal and centropostzygapophyseal laminae in CPP-217, more complete materials are needed to propose them
new names.
2010030383
巴西蒙特阿尔托市上白垩统（巴鲁群）中
发现 Sphagesaurus (Mesoeucrocodylia: Notosuchia) 的 新 类 型 ： 兼 论 对
Sphagesauridae 的修订 = A new Sphagesaurus (Mesoeucrocodylia: Notosuchia) from the
Upper Cretaceous of Monte Alto City (Bauru
Group, Brazil), and a revision of the Sphagesauridae. (英文). de Andrade M B; Bertini R J.
Historical Biology, 2008, 20(2): 101-136
Since the description of Sphagesaurus,
mostly dental material has been reported, apart
from two incomplete skulls. Here we describe
a new species of Sphagesaurus, from Monte
Alto City, Southeastern Brazil, which includes
the skull and most of the mandible. Distinctive
characters (e.g. antorbital fenestra; robust
quadrate; anterior mandibular teeth incisiform;
ornamented sulcate palate) allow differentiation from S. huenei. Several characters allow
assignment to the genus Sphagesaurus (e.g.
teardrop-like oblique molariform teeth), while
new information is provided (e.g. premaxilla,
pterygoid and mandible morphology; jugal
foramen; occipital surface; battery of mandibular teeth). A revision of the Family
Sphagesauridae Kuhn 1968 is given. A preliminary phylogenetic analysis supports a sister-taxon relationship for S. huenei and the
new species. The phylogenetic relationship of
notosuchians is explored. Sphagesaurids were
terrestrial notosuchians that evolved during
the Upper Cretaceous of South America,
known only from the Adamantina Formation,
Campanian-Maastrichtian (Upper Cretaceous)
from Brazil.
2010030384
摩洛哥 Oulad Abdoun 盆地古近纪磷酸盐
中海龟一新种 Euclastes acutirostris = Euclastes acutirostris, a new species of littoral
turtle (Cryptodira, Cheloniidae) from the Palaeocene phosphates of Morocco (Oulad Abdoun Basin, Danian-Thanetian). (英文). Jalil
N E; Lapparent de Broin F; Bardet N; Vacant
R; Bouya B; Amaghzaz M; Meslouh S.
Comptes Rendus Palevol, 2009, 8(5): 447-459
111
A new species of the littoral cheloniid turtle
Euclastes, E. acutirostris, is proposed, on the
basis of a skull from the Palaeocene Phosphates of Morocco, the first turtle record from
the Sidi Chennane area. It is estimated to be
Danian-Thanetian in age, possibly younger
than the previous Danian Moroccan specimens
of Euclastes. It differs from the other species
of Euclastes mainly by a more elongated and
narrower snout, forming a small hook, the
presence of a long and narrow spur-shaped
postero-inferior process of the jugal, better
delimiting the lateral skull emargination and
the medially shorter palate, in relation to
American Palaeogene specimens. This study
indicates the necessity for a world-wide revision of the “Euclastes group” in order to redefine the taxa. It shows the potential interest of
the group in the radiation and dispersion of the
faunas of the Tethysian and Atlantic margins
during the Cretaceous -Tertiary turnover.
2010030385
现生祖龙的社会行为与性行为：对恐龙行
为学研究的启示 = The socio-sexual behaviour of extant archosaurs: implications for understanding dinosaur behaviour. (英文). Isles
T E. Historical Biology, 2009, 21(3 & 4): 139214
Dinosaur behaviour has little legacy in the
fossil record and the rarity of fossil soft tissues
makes it difficult to evaluate. Indirect evidence from bonebeds, trackways, nesting
traces and in-group comparisons with extant
Archosauria suggests that the only substantive
arguments to be made for dinosaur sociality
concern cranial ornamentation and herding
behaviour. There is currently no reliable
method to determine gender from skeletal remains. Dinosaur reproductive anatomy was a
unique combination of crocodilian and avian
characters and extant models indicate that dinosaurs copulated using a reptilian 'leg over
back' posture. Reliable evidence for posthatching care in dinosaurs is lacking and extant archosaurs yield little insight. A hypothesis is proposed that for the majority of dinosaurs there was no post-hatching care provided which would have allowed adults energy acquisition that would otherwise have
been required for defence and provisioning to
be redirected towards growth and increased
fecundity, both traits for which there is fossil
evidence. Arguments suggesting that the more
advanced aspects of extant avian care boasting
an explicit coelurosaurian theropod origin are
rejected as these behaviours appear unique to
the Neornithes. Three ancestral care hypotheses are tested and none conform in a satisfactory manner with body fossil and ichnological
evidence.
2010030386
来自韩国下白垩统金东组的新型恐龙脚印
化 石 ——Ornithopodichnus masanensis
ichnogen—— 在鸟脚亚目恐龙足部形态学
极性中的指示意义 = New dinosaur tracks
from Korea, Ornithopodichnus masanensis
ichnogen. et ichnosp nov (Jindong Formation,
Lower Cretaceous): implications for polarities
in ornithopod foot morphology. (英文). Kim J
Y; Lockley M G; Kim H M; Lim J D; Kim K
S. Cretaceous Research, 2009, 30(6): 13871397
Twelve trackways of ornithopods from
Lower Cretaceous lacustrine margin deposits
of the Jindong Formation represent new dinosaur track-ways described from Korea. The
site, discovered during highway construction,
was rescued by removing the most important
track-ways to the Korean Natural Heritage
Center in Daejeon, where they are on permanent display. The new ichnotaxon Ornithopodichnus masanensis ichnogen. et ichnosp. nov.
is recognized as a distinctive robust tridactyl
track, slightly wider than long (l/w ratio =
0.91), with positive (inward) rotation. The toe
prints are very thick, broad and U-shaped, resulting in a trefoil outline with a smoothly
rounded hind margin. Digit III is short and
projects anteriorly much less than digit II and
IV (= weak mesaxony). Divarication of digits
II-IV is about 70 degrees with interdigital angle II-III larger than III-IV. Track-way width
is narrow and the stride length/track length
ratio is about 4.2-4.6. The Ornithopodichnus
track-ways evidently represent gregarious
blunt-toed Iguanodon-like bipedal ornithopods,
although poorly preserved manus traces are
discerned in a few trackways. Ornithopodichnus is distinct from other well known iguanodontid tracks that display much stronger
mesaxony and indicates a polarity in ornithopod foot morphology that can be verified by
reference to known foot skeletons.
2010030387
Chubut 群（阿根廷丘布特省）首次发现鳄
形类及其在原始 Mesoeucrocodylia 类中系
统发生的位置 = The first crocodyliform from
the Chubut Group (Chubut Province, Argentina) and its phylogenetic position within basal
Mesoeucrocodylia. (英文). Leardi J M; Pol D.
112
Cretaceous Research, 2009, 30(6): 13761386 7 图版.
A new crocodyliform specimen is presented
here found in the Cerro Castaño Member of
the Cerro Barcino Formation (Chubut Group).
The material consists of cranial and postcranial remains that represent a new taxon that
has strong affinities with Peirosauridae, but
also shares derived features present in
Araripesuchus. The phylogenetic relationships
of this new taxon were tested through a cladistic analysis depicting it as a member of the
Peirosauridae. The inclusion of Barcinosuchus
within this clade of basal mesoeucrocodylians
is supported by the presence of hypapophyses
up to the third or fourth dorsal vertebrae, anterolateral facing edge on postorbital, quadrate
dorsal surface divided in two planes by a ridge;
mandibular symphysis tapering anterirorly in
ventral view, lateral surface of dentary convex
anterior to mandibular fenestra, distal body of
quadrate well developed, anteroposteriorly
thin and lateromedially broad. The new
specimen broadens the temporal and geographical distribution of Peirosauridae during
the Cretaceous of Gondwana, representing the
southern-most and the most ancient record of
the group in Patagonia. The new material also
provides insights on the postcranial anatomy
of peirosaurids, a group that has been so far
studied almost exclusively from cranial material.
2010030388
英格兰 Neocomian（晚白垩世）鸟脚类恐
龙 记 录 —— 棱 齿 龙 、 荒 漠 龙 、 弯 龙 、 禽
龙——以及来自罗马尼亚与世界其他地区
的相关属种 = Notes on Neocomian (Lower
Cretaceous) ornithopod dinosaurs from England - Hypsilophodon, Valdosaurus, “Camptosaurus”, “Iguanodon” - and referred specimens from Romania and elsewhere. (英文).
Galton P M. Revue de Paleobiologie, 2009,
28(1): 211-273
New age related individual variation for
Hypsilophodon foxii, a basal euornithopod
with no confirmed record outside of the Isle of
Wight (late Barremian), includes an extensor
groove on the distal femur that is absent and
then shallow. The sequence of fusion of the
neurocentral sutures follows the archosaurian
caudal forwards pattern but fusion in the sacrum occurs in different sized individuals. Detailed figures are given of the form and wear
patterns of the teeth. The “Iguanodon/Hypsilophodon/Polacanthus“ distal femur
from Hastings (mid-Valanginian) is probably
Euornithopoda indet. Large distal femora from
the Isle of Wight (late Barremian) and Bedfordshire (Aptian), with an extensor groove of
medium depth, are basal Iguanodontia indet.
“Hypsilophodon” wielandi Galton & Jensen,
1978 (Barremian, Western USA) is basal
Euornithopoda indet, not a dryosaurid ; it is
not a junior synonym of probable dryosaurid
“Camptosaurus” valdensis lydekker, 1889a
(late Barremian, Isle of Wight), and both taxa
are nomina dubia. the record of the dryosaurid
Valdosaurus, a femur of which was first described by owen (1842) as Iguanodon, is restricted to England (Sussex, middle Valanginian ; Isle of Wight, late Barremian). Based on
differences in horizon and form of the femur,
Elrhazosaurus n. gen. is erected for the dryosaurid Valdosaurus nigeriensis Galton & taquet, 1982 (Aptian, Niger). The holotype dentary of Iguanodon hoggii owen, 1874 from
Dorset (middle Berriasian) is made the type
species of the new non-camptosaurid genus
Owenodon ; a femur referred to “Camptosaurus” hoggii from Dorset is Iguanodontoidea
indet. A small dentary from the Isle of Wight
(late Barremian) is not Valdosaurus but basal
Iguanodontoidea indet. An incomplete
hindlimb (with tibia showing a very large callus from a healed fracture) of“Camptosaurus”
hoggii from Yorkshire (mid-Berriasian) is
very similar to that of “Iguanodon” hollingtoniensis lydekker, 1889b, the femur of which
is Camptosaurus-like except for the Iguanodon-like distal end. This species represents a
new genus of basal Iguanodontoidea, but its
diagnosis must await a review of all Sussex
Wadhurst Clay (middle Valanginian) material.
Dentary teeth of Owenodon sp. occur in the
bauxite fissure fill (Berriasian-Valanginian) of
Cornet, Romania. The bones more derived
than those of Camptosaurus but not Styracosterna or Iguanodontea (which is represented
by metacarpal II, ungual phalanges) are tentatively referred to Owenodon sp. These include
a maxilla and teeth, cervical vertebra 6, fused
medial carpals+metacarpal I, distal femora
(and, tentatively, a frontal, a braincase, a
dorso-sacral centrum, larger humerus). A
smaller humerus is basal Euornithopoda indet,
but most of the described bones are Euornithopoda indet. The possible stegosaurian pubis
from the Isle of Wight (late Barremian) is
basal Iguanodontoidea indet.
2010030389
翼龙类的筑巢行为 = A note on pterosaur
nesting behavior. ( 英 文 ). Grellet-Tinner G;
113
Wroe S; Thompson M B; Ji Q. Historical Biology, 2007, 19(4): 273-277
Based on examination of eggshell structure
and predicted vapor conductances in eggshells
in recently described material from Argentina
and China we conclude that pterosaurs buried
their eggs. Egg-burying imposes theoretical
restrictions on the distribution of pterosaurs,
both geographically and spatially, raises the
possibility of thermal sex determination and
supports previous suggestions that they exhibited nesting fidelity. Some features associated
with egg-burying, such as weight savings, are
likely to have been fortuitous pre-adaptations
for these flying reptiles, but others may have
disadvantaged them relative to avian competitors or increased their vulnerability to extinction in a cooling climate.
2010030390
怀俄明州中北部晚三叠统 Morrison 下部一
块近乎完整的梁龙类幼体骨骼化石，及其
在蜥脚类早期个体发育和气腔研究中的意
义 = A nearly complete skeleton of an early
juvenile diplodocid (Dinosauria: Sauropoda)
from the Lower Morrison Formation (Late
Jurassic) of north central Wyoming and its
implications for early ontogeny and pneumaticity in sauropods. ( 英 文 ). Schwarz D;
Ikejiri T; Breithaupt B H; Sander P M; Klein
N. Historical Biology, 2007, 19(3): 225-253
A nearly complete skeleton of a juvenile
sauropod from the Lower Morrison Formation
(Late Jurassic, Kimmeridgian) of the Howe
Ranch in Bighorn County, Wyoming is described. The specimen consists of articulated
mid-cervical to mid-caudal vertebrae and most
appendicular bones, but cranial and mandibular elements are missing. The shoulder height
is approximately 67 cm, and the total body
length is estimated to be less than 200 cm.
Besides the body size, the following morphological features indicate that this specimen is
an early juvenile; (1) unfused centra and neural arches in presacral, sacral and first to ninth
caudal vertebrae, (2) unfused coracoid and
scapula, (3) open coracoid foramen, and (4)
relatively smooth articular surfaces on the
limb, wrist, and ankle bones. A large scapula,
short neck and tail and elongate forelimb
bones relative to overall body size demonstrate relative growth. A thin-section of the
mid-shaft of a femur shows a lack of annual
growth lines, indicating an early juvenile individual possibly younger than a few years old.
Pneumatic structures in the vertebral column
of the specimen SMA 0009 show that pneu-
matisation of the postcranial skeleton had already started in this individual, giving new
insights in the early ontogenetic development
of vertebral pneumaticity in sauropods. The
specimen exhibits a number of diplodocid features (e.g., very elongate slender scapular
blade with a gradually dorsoventrally expanded distal end, a total of nine dorsal vertebrae, presence of the posterior centroparapophyseal lamina in the posterior dorsal vertebrae). Although a few diplodocid taxa,
Diplodocus, cf. Apatosaurus, and cf. Barosaurus, are known from several fossil sites near
the Howe Ranch, identification of this specimen, even at a generic level, is difficult due to
a large degree of ontogenetic variation.
2010030391
荐骨的愈合以及 Champsosaurus(Diapsida,
Choristodera)的解剖学 = Fusion of sacrals
and anatomy in Champsosaurus (Diapsida,
Choristodera). (英文). Katsura Y. Historical
Biology, 2007, 19(3): 263-271
Sacral centra are occasionally fused with or
without severe deformation in Champsosaurus
(Diapsida, Choristodera). The sympatrical occurrence of fusion and non-fusion of sacra in
adults through their evolution questions that
sacral fusion represents the final form of a
simple ontogenetic change or specific variation. Females are proposed to possess more
robust limb bones than males because they are
considered to have been more terrestrial due to
the nesting behaviour on land. The coincidental occurrence of fusion of sacral centra without severe deformation and more robust limb
bones in same individuals suggests that sacral
fusion is a phenomenon occurring in females
as a result of terrestrial adaptation for reproductive activities. Sacral fusion associated
with severe deformation is considered a pathological condition although its etiology and
factors remain undefined.
2010030392
巴西南部晚三叠世的恐龙以及鸟臀类前齿
骨的起源 = A Late Triassic dinosauriform
from south Brazil and the origin of the ornithischian predentary bone. (英文). Ferigolo
J; Langer M C. Historical Biology, 2007,
19(1): 23-33
The South American Late Triassic offers
the most comprehensive window to the early
radiation of dinosaurs. This is enhanced by the
discovery of Sacisaurus agudoensis, a new
dinosauriform from the Caturrita Formation of
Brazil. Various morphological features sug114
gest its close phylogenetic affinity to Silesaurus, and both may be basal ornithischian dinosaurs. Sacisaurus has a pair of elements forming the tip of its lower jaw, hypothesized to be
equivalent to the ornithischian predentary.
This suggests that during an initial stage of
their evolution, those dinosaurs had a paired
predentary, which later fused into a single
structure. As an originally paired bone, the
predentary is comparable to elements that
more often form the vertebrate mandible, such
as the mentomeckelian bone. Although synapomorphic for ornithischians, the predentary
does not seem neomorphic for the group, but
primarily homologous to parts of the symphyseal region of the lower jaw of other vertebrates.
2010030393
巴 西 南 部 晚 三 叠 统 Caturrita 组
Guaibasaurus candelariensis 一新标本 = A
new specimen of Guaibasaurus candelariensis
(basal Saurischia) from the Late Triassic Caturrita Formation of southern Brazil. (英文).
Bonaparte J F; Brea G; Schultz C L; Martinelli A G. Historical Biology, 2007, 19(1): 7382
The comparison of the anatomy of a second
incomplete skeleton of Guaibasaurus candelariensis to that of basal Saurischia suggests
that the origin of the “Prosauropoda” was
from unknown basal saurischians, after separating from theropods (except herrerasaurids).
Guaibasaurus and Saturnalia are part of this
early dichotomy, and they bear mixed characters-states of basal theropods and “prosauropods” type. The Late Triassic age of both
Guaibasaurus and Saturnalia (the latter is
older) predates the 'dominance' of basal sauropodomorphs as well as the appearance of the
basal theropod Zupaysaurus, both recorded
from the upper Los Colorados Formation of
Argentina.
2010030394
破解恐龙研究中的一个谜题：Aliwalia rex
Galton 的归属 = Solving a dinosaurian puzzle: the identity of Aliwalia rex Galton. (英文).
Yates A M. Historical Biology, 2007, 19(1):
93-123
Eucnemesaurus fortis Van Hoepen 1920
from the Late Triassic of South Africa is demonstrated to be the senior synonym of the puzzling dinosaur taxon Aliwalia rex Galton 1985.
A new specimen of this poorly-known taxon is
described. Eucnemesaurus is clearly a sauropodomorph and increases the diversity of
sauropodomorph taxa in the South African
Late Triassic to six. It shares a number of
femoral synapomorphies with Riojasaurus
from the Late Triassic of Argentina and Riojasauridae tax. nov. is erected to accommodate
them. These conclusions are supported by a
comprehensive cladistic analysis of 46 sauropodomorph and other basal dinosauriform taxa
using 353 osteological characters. This analysis also supports the paraphyletic nature of the
traditional 'prosauropod' assemblage.
2010030395
早期恐龙的系统发育关系：一份比较报告
= The phylogenetic relationships of early dinosaurs: a comparative report. (英文). Sereno
P C. Historical Biology, 2007, 19(1): 145-155
Surprising new anatomical information has
come to light for the early dinosaurs Eoraptor
lunensis and Herrerasaurus ischigualastensis.
Eoraptor has a mid mandibular jaw joint, and
Herrerasaurus has a promaxillary fenestra at
the anterior end of the antorbital fossa. Initial
cladistic interpretation placed Herrerasaurus
outside Dinosauria. Since then, Eoraptor and
Herrerasaurus have been placed at the base of
Saurischia or within Theropoda in two largescale quantitative analyses. A comparative
approach is taken here to show, first, that
character choice is a major factor behind differing results; only half of the character data
critical for each interpretation is incorporated
into the opposing analysis. In that shared portion of data, furthermore, nearly 40 percent of
character state scores vary for identical, or
comparable, ingroup taxa. Resolving these
conflictive interpretations is clearly where future progress will be made in understanding
early dinosaur phylogenesis.
2010030396
美国怀俄明州上白垩统 Almond 组鸭嘴龙
的 生 物 地 层学 和 生 物 地理 学 意 义 = Biostratigraphic and biogeographic implications
of a hadrosaurid (Ornithopoda: Dinosauria)
from the Upper Cretaceous Almond Formation of Wyoming, USA. (英文). Gates T A;
Farke A A. Cretaceous Research, 2009, 30(5):
1157-1163 2 图版.
The results of Barnum Brown's 1937 expedition to the Almond Formation of Wyoming
consisted of two unidentified ceratopsian
skulls and a partial hadrosaurid specimen
(AMNH 3651). The hadrosaurid is here attributed to the Maastrichtian genus Saurolophus,
verifying previous biostratigraphic correlations of this formation using ammonite zones.
115
Fossiliferous lower Maastrichtian formations
occurring latitudinally between those of Alberta, Canada, and southwestern Texas, USA,
such as the Almond Formation, are essential
for testing the effects and duration of apparent
hadrosaurid faunal segregation earlier in the
Campanian, and indirectly aiding in the
placement of faunal boundaries that are currently unknown for the late Campanian. The
discovery of Saurolophus in Wyoming, a
close relative of the Campanian genus Prosaurolophus, affirms that the segregation of
hadrosaurid faunas established in the late
Campanian (75 Ma) continued for at least 3
million years. Combining occurrences of
Saurolophus from Mongolia and the Moreno
Formation of California with those of Alberta,
Canada, this genus appears to have had one of
the largest geographic ranges of any equivalent clade of hadrosaurid dinosaur, although
species level distributions are still uncertain.
2010030397
澳大利亚维多利亚地区 Otway 群的恐龙洞
穴及其与白垩纪极地环境的关系 = Dinosaur burrows in the Otway Group (Albian) of
Victoria, Australia, and their relation to Cretaceous polar environments. (英文). Martin A J.
Cretaceous Research, 2009, 30(5): 12231237 4 图版.
Three enigmatic structures in an outcrop of
the Otway Group (Albian) of Victoria, Australia, compose the first known evidence suggestive of dinosaur burrows outside of North
America and the oldest from the fossil record.
The most complete of the Otway structures
nearly matches the size and morphology of a
burrow attributed to the only known burrowing dinosaur, Oryctodromeus cubicularis from
the Upper Cretaceous (Cenomanian) of Montana (USA). The suspected burrows cross-cut
alluvial facies and overlie nearby strata containing dinosaur tracks. The structures contain
identical sand fills in their upper portions, implying a near-synchronous origin and filling;
graded bedding in the most complete structure
also indicates passive filling of an originally
open structure. This probable burrow is a
2.1 m long, gently descending, semi-helical
tunnel, with a near-constant diameter (about
30 cm) that connects with an enlarged terminal chamber. The structures are unlikely to
have been caused by physical or chemical
sedimentary processes, and hence are considered as biogenic structures; moreover, their
size and morphology imply tetrapod tracemakers. Burrow allometry indicates tracemak-
ers with a mass of 10–20 kg, matching size
estimates for small ornithopods from the Otway Group. Burrowing behavior in hypsilophodontid-grade dinosaurs, which compose
most of the dinosaurian assemblage in the
Lower Cretaceous of Victoria, was proposed
previously as an adaptation for surviving formerly polar conditions in southeastern Australia. This paradigm is explored in detail, particularly through actualistic examples of
tetrapod burrowing in cold climates. These
structures may provide the first clues of ornithopod burrowing in these extreme environments, while also establishing search images
for similar structures in other Lower Cretaceous outcrops in Victoria.
2010030398
Pararhabdodon isonensis 和 Tsintaosaurus
spinorhinus：lambeosaurine 类群在欧亚大
陆的新分支 = Pararhabdodon isonensis and
Tsintaosaurus spinorhinus: a new clade of
lambeosaurine hadrosaurids from Eurasia. (英
文). Prieto-Marquez A; Wagner J R. Cretaceous Research, 2009, 30(5): 1238-1246 2 图
版.
We present new anatomical information
showing that Koutalisaurus kohlerorum, from
the Maastrichtian of Lleida Province, northeastern Spain, is most probably the junior
synonym of Pararhabdodon isonensis from
the same region. Dentary and maxillary characters previously considered as autapomorphies of K. kohlerorum and P. isonensis, respectively, are shown to be synapomorphies
uniting the latter with Tsintaosaurus spinorhinus from the Campanian of the Wangshi
Group, Shandong Province, China.
This study provided conclusive evidence of
the presence of the Lambeosaurinae in Europe.
Tsintaosaurus spinorhinus and Pararhabdodon isonensis were inferred to form a clade of
basal lambeosaurines characterized by a maxilla with an elevated articular facet for the jugal (continuous with the ectopterygoid ridge)
and an extremely medially projected symphyseal region of the dentary. This clade originated in Asia during the middle or late Campanian. Pararhabdodon isonensis or its ancestors migrated from Asia to the Iberian island
of the European archipelago. Reconstruction
of ancestral areas by Fitch parsimony attributes the European occurrence of P. isonensis
to a single dispersal event from Asia no later
than middle to late Campanian.
116
2010030399
巴西圣保罗上白垩统的鳄形类牙齿 = Multicusped crocodyliform teeth from the Upper
Cretaceous (São José do Rio Preto Formation,
Bauru Group) of São Paulo, Brazil. (英文).
Montefeltro F C; Laurini C R; Langer M C.
Cretaceous Research, 2009, 30(5): 12791286 7 图版.
The six peculiar multicusped teeth described here were collected from sediments of
the Upper Cretaceous of São José do Rio
Preto Formation, near Ibirá (northeastern São
Paulo, Brazil). Their bulbous crowns are
slightly labio-lingual compressed, and bear a
main plus two accessory cusps, which conceal
a well developed cingulum. Wear facets are
seen on the main and distal accessory cusps.
Comparison to the known Crocodyliformes
with multicusped teeth show that the new material is not referable to “protosuchians” or
eusuchians, nor related to two unnamed forms
from Morocco and “notosuchians” such as
Uruguaysuchus, Chiamaerasuchus, and Simosuchus. On the other hand, possible affinities
with Candidodon and Malawisuchus were
maintained based on shared traits. This includes teeth with the main cusp and some accessory cusps arranged in more than one axis,
a previously defined unambiguous apomorphy
of the putative clade composed of Candidodon
plus Malawisuchus. The term Candidodontidae can be applied to this group, and defined
as all taxa closer to Candidodon itapecuruensis than to Notosuchus terrestris, Uruguaysuchus aznarezi, Comahuesuchus brachybuccalis, Sphagesaurus huenei, Baurusuchus
pachecoi, and Crocodylus niloticus.
2010030400
韩 国 首 次 发 现 中 生 代 龟 化 石 = The first
Mesozoic turtle from South Korea. ( 英 文 ).
Lee Y N; Hutchison J H; Chang K H. Cretaceous Research, 2009, 30(5): 1287-1292 1 图
版.
The partial carapace of a “macrobaenid”
turtle from the Geoncheonri Formation
(Lower Cretaceous) in Gyeongsan City near
Daegu Metropolian City, South Korea, is referred to Kirgizemys Nessov and Khozsatzky,
1973. The specimen most closely resembles K.
exaratus Nessov and Khozsatzky, 1973 from
the Albian of Kyrgyzstan. It is the first turtle
fossil described from the Mesozoic sediments
on the Korean peninsula.
2010030401
巴西桑塔纳组下白垩统 Tupuxuara 一新
种，并附带对 Thalassodromidae 系统命名
的说明 = A new species of Tupuxuara (Thalassodromidae, Azhdarchoidea) from the
Lower Cretaceous Santana Formation of Brazil, with a note on the nomenclature of Thalassodromidae. (英文). Witton M P. Cretaceous
Research, 2009, 30(5): 1293-1300 2 图版.
A new species of the sail-crested pterosaur
Tupuxuara is described from the Santana
Formation of Brazil, Tupuxuara deliradamus
sp. nov. The holotype, a partial skull, and a
larger, partial skull referred to the same taxon
differs from Tupuxuara leonardii by having a
nasoantorbital fenestra with an acutely-angled
posterior border with a long, straight posterodorsal margin, a reclined cranium, and an orbit
situated entirely in the ventral half of the nasoantorbitral fenestra. Unfortunately, neither
specimen is comparable with the fragmentary
rostrum representing Tupuxuara longicristatus.
In addition, resolution of a recent nomenclatural problem over the correct name for the
clade containing Tupuxuara and its sister
taxon, Thalassodromeus, is provided. Both
genera are used by different authors as the
nomenclatural basis for the group, but “Tupuxuaridae” has never been explicitly erected
as a new taxon, and therefore fails to meet
ICZN criteria that new taxa are only valid if
authors clearly indicate their intention to establish new names. By contrast, “Thalassodrominae” was explicitly erected as a name
for the Thalassodromeus + Tupuxuara clade,
thereby fulfilling all ICZN requirements for
naming of a new taxon and making Thalassodromeus stand as the type genus for this
group.
2010030402
比利牛斯山脉马斯特里赫特期的 Solemys
化石：半水生生活方式的证据 = Solemys
(Chelonii, Solemydidae) remains from the
Maastrichtian of Pyrenees: evidence for a
semi-aquatic lifestyle. (英文). Marmi J; Vila
B; Galobart A. Cretaceous Research, 2009,
30(5): 1307-1312 2 图版.
We report on a turtle from the Mina Esquirol site (Vallcebre basin), a new locality of
early Maastrichtian age in the south-eastern
Pyrenees. Fossils were located in the basal
Tremp Formation, which was deposited in a
littoral marsh. The material consists of a cast
of a carapace including peripheral fragments
and partial neural plates. The carapace exhib117
its a vermiculate ornamentation that is characteristic of genus Solemys and a histological
bone structure similar to that of terrestrial taxa.
However, taphonomic data indicates little
transport and a short biostratinomic history,
whereas palaeontological and sedimentological context indicates that the specimen was
preserved in a shallow brackish water environment. Based on this taphonomic and sedimentological evidence, we suggest that at least
some species of genus Solemys had a lifestyle
similar to extant fresh or brackish water turtles
(terrapins) and that the histological evidence
alone for a terrestrial lifestyle is misleading.
2010030403
哥伦比亚白垩世最顶层兽脚类及其对西冈
瓦纳古生物地理学意义 = Theropod remains
from the uppermost Cretaceous of Colombia
and their implications for the palaeozoogeography of western Gondwana. ( 英 文 ).
Ezcurra M D. Cretaceous Research, 2009,
30(5): 1339-1344 1 图版.
Dinosaur remains from Upper Cretaceous
outcrops of northern Gondwana are extremely
rare, in contrast with the much richer sample
of coeval beds from southern Gondwana. Dinosaur remains from the uppermost Cretaceous Ortega locality of the Upper Magdalena
Basin (Maastrichtian) of the Department of
Tolima, Colombia, provides new information
on northern Gondwanan faunas of this time. A
revision of dinosaur material from this outcrop,
consisting of three theropod shed teeth, reveals the presence of two morphotypes. One
of them is referred to Abelisauridae based on
the presence of crowns with mesial margin
with a strong curvature beginning at about the
second-third of the crown height and straight
to slightly concave distal margin. The second
morphotype exhibits un-serrated mesial and
distal margins without carinae and no constriction at the base of the crown, a combination of features only observed in unenlagiine
dromaeosaurids within Theropoda. Members
of these clades are also present in coeval beds
of southern and central South America, Madagascar, northern Africa, and India, indicating a
cosmopolitan distribution in western and central Gondwana during the Late Cretaceous.
Regarding South America, abelisaurid and
probably dromaeosaurid theropods are recorded across a large latitudinal area, from the
Palaeo-Equator to considerably high palaeolatitudes in Patagonia, and probably spanning
quite different environmental conditions.
2010030404
来自斯堪的纳维亚半岛（丹麦和瑞典）早
白垩世的 Mesoeucrocodylians = Lower Cretaceous Mesoeucrocodylians from Scandinavia (Denmark and Sweden). (英文). SchwarzWings D; Rees J; Lindgren J. Cretaceous Research, 2009, 30(5): 1345-1355 4 图版.
The crocodyliform faunas of the lowermost
Cretaceous Rabekke and Jydegård Formations
on the Baltic island of Bornholm, Denmark,
and the Annero Formation of Skåne, southernmost Sweden, are represented by isolated
teeth, osteoderms, and vertebrae. The rich
Berriasian assemblage of the Rabekke Formation includes at least three distinctive taxa:
Bernissartia sp., Theriosuchus sp., and Goniopholis sp., an association that is also known
from several other contemporaneous European
vertebrate localities. In contrast to this fauna,
the Jydegård and Annero Formations have
yielded only rare mesoeucrocodylian remains,
which are assigned to Theriosuchus sp. and an
undetermined mesoeucrocodylian taxon, possibly Pholidosaurus. Geographically, the
Scandinavian localities represent the easternmost and northernmost distribution of typical
continental Jurassic-Cretaceous crocodyliform
communities in Europe.
2010030405
风成沉积的兽脚亚目遗迹的保存与侵蚀：
来自美国犹他州中侏罗世 Entrada 砂岩的
实例 = Preservation and erosion of theropod
tracks in eolian deposits: Examples from the
Middle Jurassic Entrada Sandstone, Utah,
U.S.A.. (英文). Milan, J; Loope, D B. Journal
of Geology, 2007, 115(3): 375-386
The Middle Jurassic Entrada Sandstone,
exposed near the town of Escalante, southern
Utah, consists of large-scale cross-bedded
eolian deposits that are interbedded with horizontally laminated sand sheets and thin sets of
eolian cross-strata, representing periods with a
moister climate. The flat-bedded units contain
numerous tracks and trackways from small to
large-sized theropod dinosaurs. These tracks
are today exposed in several distinct erosional
states, allowing detailed studies of track and
undertrack formation in eolian deposits.
Tracks that originally were emplaced on sloping surfaces show, in their present-day erosional state, a morphology distinct from those
originally emplaced on horizontal surfaces.
Further, the range of eroded track morphologies can help identify badly eroded tracks
118
from nonbiogenic structures in similar deposits.
2010030406
蒙古南部中始新世蜥蜴新类群 = New acrodont lizards (Lacertilia) from the Middle Eocene of southern Mongolia. (英文). Alifanov
V R. Paleontological Journal, 2009, 43(6):
675-685 2 图版.
The problematic lizard family Changjiangosauridae, representatives of which inhabited
Asia in the Early Paleogene, is discussed. Six
new species of this group, including Acrodontopsis robustus gen. et sp. nov., Agamimus
gracilis gen. et sp. nov., Graminisaurus interruptus gen. et sp. nov., Khaichinsaurus reshetovi gen. et sp. nov., Lavatisaurus elegans gen.
et sp. nov., and Lentisaurus giganteus gen. et
sp. nov., from the Middle Eocene of the Khaichin Uul 2 locality (southern Gobi, Mongolia)
are described. It is shown that Changjiangosauridae are probably related to the Late Cretaceous Isodontosauridae and recent Uromastycidae; independent development of a
number of dental features in different lineages
of Acrodonta (Iguania) is corroborated.
2010030407
俄罗斯远东晚白垩世蜥脚类一新属新种
Arkharavia heterocoelica = Arkharavia heterocoelica gen. et sp. nov., a new sauropod
dinosaur from the Upper Cretaceous of the Far
East of Russia. (英文). Alifanov V R; Bolotsky Yu L. Paleontological Journal, 2010,
44(1): 84-91 2 图版.
A new sauropod dinosaur, Arkharavia heterocoelica gen. et sp. nov., from the Maastrichtian (Udurchukan Formation) of the Amur
Region, Russia, is described based on a tooth
and several isolated anterior caudal vertebrae.
It is distinguished by the saddle-shaped centrum and high neural spine of the anterior
caudal vertebrae. Certain structural characters
of the new genus are in common with Chubutisaurus insignis (Titanosauriformes) from the
Upper Cretaceous of Argentina.
2010030408
匈牙利上白垩统 Hungarosaurus tormai 的
新化石: 骨骼复原和躯体大小的估评 = New
remains of Hungarosaurus tormai (Ankylosauria, Dinosauria) from the Upper Cretaceous of Hungary: skeletal reconstruction and
body mass estimation. (英文). Osi A; Makadi
L. Palaeontologische Zeitschrift, 2009, 83(2):
227-245
In this paper, a new fifth skeleon and several isolated remains are described which
greatly improve our knowledge of this primitive nodosaurid ankylosaur. Isolated cranial
remains referred to juvenile individuals provide new information on the development of
cranial ornamentation in nodosaurid ankylosaurs. Apart from both jpreserved mandibles
with in situ dentition, the fifth partial skeleton
contains several previously unknown limb
elements (humerus, ulnae, radius) that indicate
unusual limb proportions for Hungarosaurus
compared with other ankylosaurs. On the basis
of the five partial skelectons and the isolated
remains, a skeletal and dermal armor reconstruction is attempted. Body mass calculations
using three different methods yield an estimate of 650 kg for H. tormai.
2010030409
初龙更高水平的系统发育（四足动物门：
双弓亚冈） = The higher-level phylogeny of
Archosauria (Tetrapoda: Diapsida). ( 英 文 ).
Brusatte S L;Benton M J;Desojo J B;Langer
M C. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, 2010, 8(1): 3-47
Crown group Archosauria, which includes
birds, dinosaurs, crocodylomorphs, and several extinct Mesozoic groups, is a primary division of the vertebrate tree of life. However,
the higher-level phylogenetic relationships
within Archosauria are poorly resolved and
controversial, despite years of study. The phylogeny of crocodile-line archosaurs (Crurotarsi) is particularly contentious, and has been
plagued by problematic taxon and character
sampling. Recent discoveries and renewed
focus on archosaur anatomy enable the compilation of a new dataset, which assimilates and
standardizes character data pertinent to higherlevel archosaur phylogeny, and is scored
across the largest group of taxa yet analysed.
This dataset includes 47 new characters (25%
of total) and eight taxa that have yet to be included in an analysis, and total taxonomic
sampling is more than twice that of any previous study. This analysis produces a wellresolved phylogeny, which recovers mostly
traditional relationships within Avemetatarsalia, places Phytosauria as a basal crurotarsan
clade, finds a close relationship between Aetosauria and Crocodylomorpha, and recovers a
monophyletic Rauisuchia comprised of two
major subclades. Support values are low, suggesting rampant homoplasy and missing data
within Archosauria, but the phylogeny is
highly congruent with stratigraphy. Compari119
son with alternative analyses identifies numerous scoring differences, but indicates that
character sampling is the main source of incongruence. The phylogeny implies major
missing lineages in the Early Triassic and may
support a Carnian-Norian extinction event.
2010030410
南非早侏罗世一个新的过渡的蜥脚型恐龙
及蜥脚类的进食和四脚动物的演化 = A new
transitional sauropodomorph dinosaur from
the Early Jurassic of South Africa and the evolution of sauropod feeding and quadrupedalism. (英文). Yates A M; Bonnan M F; Neveling J; Chinsamy A; Blackbeard M G. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological
Sciences, 2010, 277(1682): 787-794
Aardonyx celestae gen. et sp. nov. is described from the upper Elliot Formation (Early
Jurassic) of South Africa. It can be diagnosed
by autapomorphies of the skull, particularly
the jaws, cervical column, forearm and pes. It
is found to be the sister group of a clade of
obligatory quadrupedal sauropodomorphs
(Melanorosaurus + Sauropoda) and thus lies
at the heart of the basal sauropodomorph–
sauropod transition. The narrow jaws of A.
celestae retain a pointed symphysis but appear
to have lacked fleshy cheeks. Broad, U-shaped
jaws were previously thought to have evolved
prior to the loss of gape-restricting cheeks.
However, the narrow jaws of A. celestae retain
a pointed symphysis but appear to have lacked
fleshy cheeks, demonstrating unappreciated
homoplasy in the evolution of the sauropod
bulk-browsing apparatus. The limbs of A. celestae indicate that it retained a habitual bipedal gait although incipient characters associated with the pronation of the manus and the
adoption of a quadrupedal gait are evident
through geometric morphometric analysis (using thin-plate splines) of the ulna and femur.
Cursorial ability appears to have been reduced
and the weight bearing axis of the pes shifted
to a medial, entaxonic position, falsifying the
hypothesis that entaxony evolved in sauropods
only after an obligate quadrupedal gait had
been adopted.
2010030411
英国牛津附近中侏罗世（巴通阶）一个蜥
臀目恐龙的脑壳：是来自兽脚亚目的巨齿
龙 = A saurischian dinosaur braincase from
the Middle Jurassic (Bathonian) near Oxford,
England: from the theropod Megalosaurus or
the sauropod Cetiosaurus?. (英文). Galton P
M; Knoll F. Geological Magazine, 2007,
143(6): 905-921
A dinosaur braincase from the Middle Jurassic (Bathonian) of Oxfordshire (England) is
described. The specimen, which has historical
significance, has been erratically attributed to
either a sauropod or a theropod on the basis of
vague phenetic resemblances. It is here reinterpreted in the light of recent cladistic
analyses of dinosaurs, allowing the first proper
character-based discussion of its affinities. It
resembles those of ornithischian and prosauropod dinosaurs in the absence of a prominent, caudolaterally directed bony sheet from
either the crista tuberalis (as in all theropods)
or the crista prootica (as in all sauropods except juveniles of the eusauropod Shunosaurus).
This braincase shows two synapomorphic
characters of the Eusauropoda: the region of
the cranium is rostrocaudally shortened and
the long axis of the supratemporal fenestra is
transversely oriented. For these characters,
ornithischians, theropods, and prosauropods
retain the plesiomorphic condition. It is concluded that the specimen is an important exemplar of a Middle Jurassic sauropod braincase and it is suggested that it could be from
the eusauropod Cetiosaurus.
2010030412
来自卡洛期上龙亚目滑齿龙脑壳的相对完
整的最早的侧枕骨-耳后骨的证据 = The
first relatively complete exoccipital-opisthotic
from the braincase of the Callovian pliosaur,
Liopleurodon. (英文). Noe L F; Liston J; Evans M. Geological Magazine, 2003, 140(4):
479-486
A newly recognized left exoccipitalopisthotic of a Callovian pliosaur, derived
from the Peterborough or lower Stewarby
Members of the Oxford Clay Formation of
Peterborough, is described and figured. This
isolated bone is tentatively identified as belonging to an 'adult' individual of Liopleurodon ferox that is inferred to have had a skull
length of 1.26 metres and an overall body
length of 6.39 metres.
2010030413
MNCN 的 Diplodocus carnegii 的历史:伊比
利亚半岛首例组合的恐龙骨骼 = History of
diplodocus carnegii of the MNCN: first assembled dinosaur skeleton in the Iberian Peninsula. (其他). Perez Garcia A; Sanchez Chillon B. Revista Espanola de paleontologia, 2009, 24(2): 133-148
120
The arrival of a replica of the famous skeleton of Diplodocus donated by Andrew Carnegie to the Muser Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (Madrid) took place almost a century
ago. It constitutes the first and unique skeleton
of dinosaur assembled until the eighties of the
past century the iberian Peninsula. This fact,
the circumstances that surrounded their accomplishment, transports and installation, as
well as the social and political repercussion
that it had at the time, is dentailed in the lollowing pages. Besides using photographic
documentation and unpublished handwritten
documents, it has been collected the abundant
references to the skeleton published in the
spanish press, which served as the link between paleontology and society.
2010030414
德国下白垩统 Stenopelix valdensis 的系统
分类位置和 Pachycephalosauria 的早期化
石记录 = The phylogenetic position of the
ornithischian dinosaur Stenopelix valdensis
from the Lower Cretaceous of Germany and
the early fossil record of Pachycephalosauria.
(英文). Butler R J; Sullivan R M. Acta palaeontologica Polonica, 2009, 54(1): 21-34
The holotype of Stenopelix valdensis is the
most completely known dinosaur specimen
from the "Wealden" of northwestern Germany,
but its phylogenetic position has remained
highly controversial. Most recent authors have
suggested affinities with the ornithischian
clade Marginocephalia, and most commonly
to the marginocephalian subclade Pachycephalosauria. A pachycephalosaurian identity
would make Stenopelix the only confirmed
pre-Late Cretaceous member of this clade,
breaking up an extensive ghost lineage which
extends to the inferred origin of Pachycephalosaurian in the Middle-Late Jurassic. A brief
review indicates that there is no compelling
fossil evidence for pachycephalosaurs prior to
the Late Cretaceous.
2010030415
中国下白垩统义县组 jinzhousaurus yangi
的头部解剖 = Cranial anatomy of the iguanodontoid ornithopod Jinzhousaurus yangi from
the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation of
China. (英文). Barrett P M; Butler R J; Wang
Xiao-lin; Xu Xing. Acta palaeontologica
Polonica, 2009, 54(1): 35-48
Here, we provide the first detailed description of the cranial skeleton of the iguanodontian ornithopod Jinzhousaurus yangi. Many
previously unrecorded features have been recognised, permiting a new and more robust diagnosisw for this taxon, which is based on a
suite of autapomorphic features. Jinzhousaurus and an unnamed sauropod represent the
largest, but some of the least abundant, nimals
in the Jehol Biota, a situation that contrasts
with many other Lower Cretaceous faunas in
which large dinosaurs are common faunal
components. This rarity may be due to eithern
palaeoenvironmental constraints or taphonomic bias, although it is not possible to
choose etween these alternatives on the basis
of current data.
2010030416
霸王龙类恐龙的 costovertebral 关节上的韧
带疤痕 = The ligamental scar in the costovertebral articulation of the tyrannosaurid dinosaurs. ( 英 文 ). Hirasawa T. Acta palaeontologica Polonica, 2009, 54(1): 49-59
The costovertebral articulation is integral to
constrain the thoracic kinematics and to infer
the breathing mechanism in the respect with
costal aspiration. This study highlights the
Tyrannosauridae, which is represented by numerous complete specimens/Costovertebral
articulations of ten tyrannosaurid specimens,
including two nearly in-sity articulated fossils,
were investigated and compared with those in
extant archosauria. For extant archosaurs, dissections were conducted to rationalize the soft
tissue anatomy in tyrannosaurids. This study
shows that the rib articulates ventrlly or posteroventrally with thedistal end of the corresponging vertebral transverse process in the
tyrannosaurid ribcage. This result provides a
cornerstone for exploring the evolution of the
ribcage and breathing mechanisms across the
theropod lineage leading to birds.
2010030417
从现生动物推测蜥脚类头和颈的姿态 =
Head and neck posture in sauropod dinosaurs
inferred from extant animals. (英文). Taylor
M P; Wedel M J; Naish D. Acta palaeontologica Polonica, 2009, 54(2): 213-220
The neck posture of sauropod dinosaurs has
long been controversial. Recent reconstructions position the cervical vertebrae and skull
in an "osteological neutral pose" (ONP), the
best fit arrived at by articulating the vertebrae
with the zygapophyses in maximum contact.
This approach in isolation suggests that most
or all sauropods held their necks horizontally.
However, a substantial literature on extant
amniotes (mammals, turtles, squanmates,
121
crocodilians and birds) shows that living animals do not habitually maintain their necks in
ONP.Instead, the neck is maximally extended
and the head is maximally flexed, so that the
mid-cervical region is near vertical.
2010030418
蒙古上白垩统翼龙的首次发现 = The first
discovery of pterosaurs from the Upper Cretaceous of Mongolia. (英文). Watabe M; Tsuihiji T; Suzuki S; Tsogtabaatar K. Acta palaeontologica Polonica, 2009, 54(2): 231-242
Cervical vertebrae of azhdarchid pterosaurs
were discovered in two Upper Cretaceous dinosaur localities, Bayshin Tsav and Burkhant,
in the Gobi Desert.these are the first discoveries of pterosaur remains in the Upper Cretaceous of Mongolia. The Burkhant specimen
includes a nearly complete atlas-axis complex,
which has rarely been described in this clade
of pterosaurs.
2010030419
中国新疆维吾尔自治区上侏罗统一新的三
列齿兽 = A new tritylodontid from the Upper
Jurassic of Xinjiang, China. ( 英 文 ). Hu
Yaoming; Jin Meng; Clark J M. Acta palaeontologica Polonica, 2009, 54(3): 385-391
A new genus and species of Tritylodontidae,
Yuanotherium minor, is described and compared with other knowntritylodontids. The
new taxon is represented by a partially preserved upper jaw with three postcanines, collected from the upper part of the Shishugou
Formation in the Wucaiwan area of the Junggar Basin, northwestern Xinjiang, China. The
new species differs from other tritylodontids
mainly in having posteriormost two cusps of
the median row on upper postcanines closely
place. The new tritylodontid may have been
omnivorous rather than herbivorous, as previously suggested for tritylodontids in general.
2010030420
德 国 基 末 利 期 Velociraptorine dromaeosaurid 的牙齿 = Velociraptorine dromaeosaurid teeth from the Kimmeridgian
(Late Jurassic) of Germany. (英文). Van der
Lubbe T; Richter U; Knotschke N. Acta palaeontologica Polonica, 2009, 54(3): 401-408
Six theropod teeth from a Late Jurassic
bone bed in Langenber Quarry of Oker are
identified as a new dromaeosaurid taxon, here
left in open nomenclature. Direct comparison
reveals that the teeth are very similar to velociraptorine dromaeosaurid teeth from the
Guimarota coal mine and to velociraptorine
dromaeosaurid teeth from Una. Our data indicate that the teeth from the Kimmeridgian of
Lower Saxony are of velociraptorine dromaeosurid type, and therefore represent one of
the oldest occurrences of the group dromaeosauridae.
2010030421
浙江天台晚白垩世巨型长形蛋科一新属及
巨型长形蛋科的分类订正 = A New Oogenus Of Macroelongatoolithid Eggs From The
Upper Cretaceous Chichengshan Formation
Of The Tiantai Basin,Zhejiang Province And
A Revision Of The Macroelongatoolithids.
(中文). 王强;赵资奎;汪筱林;蒋严根;张蜀康.
古生物学报, 2010, 49(1): 73-86
浙江天台盆地上白垩统赤城山组发现的
巨型长形蛋类可鉴定为西峡巨型长形蛋
(Macroelongatoolithusxi xiaensis) 和 一 新 蛋
属 、 新 蛋 种 —— 桥 下 巨 型 纺 锤 蛋
(Megafusoolithus
qiaoxiaensis
oogen.et
oosp.nov.)。西峡巨型长形蛋此前仅发现于
河南西峡盆地,其特征为个体巨大(>35cm),
蛋壳外表面具瘤点状纹饰,蛋壳锥体层与柱
状层界线明显,呈波浪形,锥体层与柱状层厚
度之比为 1:5—1:2。已记述的产自天台的
张氏巨型长形蛋(M.zhangi)和产自河南西峡
盆 地 的 西 峡 长 圆 柱 蛋 (Longiteresoolithus
xixiaensis) 均 为 西 峡 巨 型 长 形 蛋 的 同 物 异
名。桥下巨型纺锤蛋的特征包括蛋壳中部
外表面具有棱脊状纹饰,蛋壳锥体层与柱状
层界线不明显,二者厚度之比近 1:3,这些特
征区别于巨型长形蛋属。目前已知巨型长
形蛋科仅包含巨型长形蛋属和巨型纺锤蛋
属,订正的科征为:蛋化石巨大,长径大于
35cm;蛋长形,两端大致对称,长宽之比约为
3:1;蛋化石在蛋窝中一般两枚为一组,呈单
层圆环状排列,蛋窝直径近 3m;蛋壳外表面
具瘤点状或棱脊状纹饰,蛋壳由锥体层与柱
状层组成。这些特征明显区别于其他类型
的蛋化石，因此它们代表了一个独立的蛋
科
：
巨
型
长
形
蛋
科
（Macroelongatoolithidae）。
2010030422
Mamenchisaurus hochuanensis 尾 部 的 结
构、方向和有限元分析 = Structure, Orientation and Finite Element Analysis of the Tail
Club of Mamenchisaurus hochuanensis. ( 英
文 ). Xing Lida; Ye Yong; Shu Chunkang;
Peng Guangzhao; You Hailu. Acta Geologica
Sinica, 2009, 83(6): 1031-1040
122
The structure and orientation of the posterior extremity （tail club） of the caudal vertebrae of Mamenchisaurus hochuanensis
Young and Chao, 1972 from the Upper Jurassic Shangshaximiao Formation has been analyzed to determine the tail club function using
Finite Element Analysis. Of the four caudal
vertebrae composing the tail club, the second
largest （C＂1＂） was probably the most
proximal, and is fixed with the preceding sequence of the caudal vertebrae, whereas the
smallest （C＂4＂） is free and forms the
termination of the tail club. Our analysis also
suggests that the tail club is more efficient in
lateral swinging rather than up-and-down motion, and that the best region for the tail club
to impact is at the spine of the largest of the
four caudals （C＂2＂）, with a maximum
load for impact at about 450 N. The tail club
of Mamenchisaurus hochuanensis probably
also had limitations as a defense weapon and
was more possibly a sensory organ to improve
nerve conduction velocity to enhance the capacity for sensory perception of its surroundings.
2010030423
短吻贫齿龙（双孔亚纲：海龙目）的新材
料及补充研究 = A New Skeleton Of Miodentosaurus Brevis （ Diapsida:Thalattosauria ）
With A Further Study Of The Taxon. (英文).
赵丽君;佐藤环;刘俊;李淳;吴肖春. 古脊椎动
物学报, 2010, 48(1): 1-10
记述了产自贵州父岭法郎组瓦窑段（上
三叠统）短吻贫齿龙一新材料。新标本头
后骨骼十分完整，使我们对该海龙的全身
骨骼形态有了一个完整的认识，尤其是澄
清了其肩带及前、后肢的解剖学特征。短
吻贫齿龙牙齿稀少且局限于上、下颌的前
端，以及末端指／趾骨（爪）扁平等性状
表明，该种不是纯粹的肉食动物。依据新
材料，短吻贫齿龙在局部形态上存在个体
变 异 ， 并 确 认 后 肢 趾 趾 式 （ 2-3—4—5—
5）可作为该海龙的特征之一。
2010030424
中国上白垩统窃蛋龙科一新属种（兽脚
类：窃蛋龙类） = A New Oviraptorid Dinosaur （Theropoda： Oviraptorosauria） From
The Upper Cretaceous Of China. (英文). 徐星;
韩凤禄. 古脊椎动物学报, 2010, 48(1): 11-18
根据可能发现于江西赣州晚白垩世南雄
组地层中一件标本报道了窃蛋龙科一新属
种——斑嵴龙。新标本具有以下不同于其
他窃蛋龙属种的特征：由前颌骨和鼻骨形
成的脊冠具有阶梯状的后端，表面有两个
纵向的沟槽和许多倾斜的条痕；外鼻孔延
长，其后侧与眶骨相近；翼骨腭骨支背缘
有一深窝；齿骨后背缘有纵向沟槽；上隅
骨前背缘有小结节。斑嵴龙腭部和下颌的
一些特征不同于窃蛋龙科的其他属种，但
近似于更原始的窃蛋龙类。这些特征表明
斑嵴龙代表窃蛋龙科中相对原始的一个属
种。这一系统发育假说得到了定量的系统
发育分析的支持。斑嵴龙的发现不仅增加
了晚白垩世窃蛋龙科的分异度，而且为这
一类群的特征演化提供了重要信息。
2010030425
中国河南晚白垩世地层一枚可能属于重爪
龙亚科（兽脚亚目：棘龙科）的牙齿化石
= A Probable Baryonychine （Theropoda：
Spinosauridae） Tooth From The Upper Cretaceous Of Henan Province, China. (英文). 洪
大卫;徐星;王德友. 古脊椎动物学报 , 2010,
48(1): 19-26
中国河南晚白垩世中段地层马家村组发
现了一枚大型兽脚龙类牙齿。该牙牙体
长，呈圆锥状，横断面卵圆形，沿长轴微
向后缘弯曲，前后缘均有大量锯齿状突
起，这些特征显示其很可能是重爪龙类牙
齿。这可能代表了重爪龙类在亚洲地区的
首次发现，也是该类恐龙在晚白垩世地层
中的首现，由此表明重爪龙类在时间和地
域分布上较之前研究观点更为广泛。综合
棘龙科的化石形态学以及推知的生态学证
据看，较之其他兽脚类，棘龙类化石记录
很少，很可能意味该类动物数量确实稀
少，造成这种现象的原因可能是其过分特
化的身体形态。
2010030426
记新疆吐鲁番盆地椭圆形蛋类一新种 = A
New Oospecies Of Ovaloolithids From Turpan Basin In Xinjiang, China. (中文). 张蜀康;
王强. 古脊椎动物学报, 2010, 48(1): 71-75
本文记述的两件标本是中国科学院古脊
椎动物与古人类研究所新疆古生物考察队
于 20 世纪 60 年代在吐鲁番盆地发现的，
产出地点是十三间房火车站以南约 48km 处
的上白垩统苏巴什组的第 5 层（翟人杰
等，1978）。这些标本经赵资奎（1979）
初步研究，被认为是椭圆形蛋属的一个新
类型，但一直没有正式描述。现对此标本
123
进行描述和比较，可为椭圆形蛋类的进一
步研究提供一些新的资料。
2010030427
浙江天台盆地上白垩统赤城山组长形蛋科
一 新 蛋 属 = A New Oogenus Of Elongatoolithidae From The Upper Cretaceous
Chichengshan Formation Of Tiantai Basin,
Zhejiang Province. (中文). 王强;汪筱林;赵资
奎;蒋严根. 古脊椎动物学报 , 2010, 48(2):
111-118
浙江天台盆地上白垩统赤城山组发现一
新的恐龙蛋类型。依据蛋化石形态、大小
和蛋壳柱状层生长纹呈波浪形等特征，将
其归入长形蛋科（Elongatoolithidae）。这
枚恐龙蛋的蛋壳外表面具网状纹饰，蛋壳
锥体层与柱状层界线明显，二者厚度之比
近 1：2，气孔道细而直，这些特征区别于
其他长形蛋科的成员，因此，建立一新的
蛋 属 、 蛋 种 ： 网 纹 副 长 形 蛋
（ Paraelongatoolithus
reticulatus
oogen ，et oosp．nov．），代表晚白垩世
早期长形蛋科的新成员。
2010030428
Salzgitter 下 白 垩 统 鱼 龙 Platypterygius
hercyniens 的再描述 = Redescription of the
ichthyosaur Platypterygius hercyniens (KUHN
1946 ) from the Lower Cretaceous of Salzgitter (Lower Saxony,Germany). (英文). Kolb C;
Sander P M. Palaeontographica Abt.A, 2009,
288(4-6): 151-192
Platypterygius bercynicus (KUHN 1946) is
a Lower Cretaceous ichthyosaur, the type and
only specimen of which from the Northern
Harzvorland of Lower Saxony, Germany, is
redescribed. The validity of the species is confirmed in this work. The skeleton, the bones of
which are preserved in three dimensions, consists of a partial skull, the vertebral column up
to the anterior caudal region with neural
arches and ribs, parts of the pectoral girdle,
both forefins, and parts of the hindfins. The
referral of the specimen to the genus described
in this work is based upon the following features: an internasal foramen is present; the
extracondylar area on the basioccipital is
small; the basioccipital lacks a peg; the occipital condyle is semihemispherical; the tooth
roots are quadrangular in cross section; the
height/length ratio of the dorsal vertebrae is
more than 2 in all dorsals; the ratio of the
height of the cervical vertebral centrum to the
height of the neural arch is less than 1; the
outline of the posterior dorsal vertebrae is tri-
angular; the humerus has a constricted shaft
with a distally little expanded end and a long
and high trochanter; the radius is less massive
than the ulna; the paddle has no fewer than 7
digits; there is more than one preaxial accessory digit; the intermedium does not contact
the humerus; the phalanges are characteristically rectangular (except towards the tip of the
paddle). The characters and combination of
characters that distinguish all the other species
of Platypterygius from P. bercynicus are: the
internasal foramen is surrounded only by the
nasals; the pineal foramen is situated close to
the nasofrontal suture; the relatively long supratemporal; the paroccipital process of the
opisthotic is strongly developed; the axis is
not fused with the third cervical centrum; the
apophyses fuse at centrum 48; the scapula is
relatively elongate and slender and only
slightly fan-shaped in its distal part; the humerus has distally two large (medial) and two
small (posterior and anterior) facets for union
with the pisiform, ulna, radius, and the extra
zeugopodial element anterior to the radius; the
pisiform is only slightly crescentic; the forefin
shows a digital count of 7 in the distal carpal
region and of eight in the phalangeal region;
two preaxial and one postaxial accessory digits are present; one additional distal accessory
digit is present and inserts between digit 1 and
preaxial accessory digit 1; distal carpal 4 does
not articulate with the intermedium, and distally the femur has three equally sized facets.
The confirmation of the species P. bercynicus
(KUHN 1946) leads to the conclusion that two
species of Platypterygius occurred in the Aptian of Northern Germany, P. platydactylus
(BROILI 1907) and P. bercynicus.
2010030429
法国中央地块始新世晚期的 Diplocynodon
（鳄目，短吻鳄超科）一新种以及早第三
纪晚期气候背景下这一属的演化 = A new
species of Diplocynodon (Crocodylia, Alligatoroidea) from the Late Eocene of the Massif
Central, France, and the evolution of the genus
in the climatic context of the Late Palaeogene.
( 英 文 ). Martin J E. Geological Magazine, 2010, 147(4): 596-610
The genus Diplocynodon is widely recorded
in Europe from Early Eocene up to Middle
Miocene times. A fragmented but almost
complete skull of a new species of Diplocynodon is reported from the Late Eocene locality
of Domerat, northern border of the Massif
Central (Allier), France. The present skull
provides an important basis for comparison
124
with other members of the genus and complements a fossil record full of gaps despite
the large number of vertebrate localities spanning the Cenozoic. The new taxon occurs at a
key period for climate evolution with conditions marking the transition from a greenhouse
to an icehouse world. The response of crocodylian assemblages to this climatic shift is discussed in light of evidence for their decline in
diversity from the Eocene period onward.
鸟 类
2010030430
澳大利亚昆士兰西北部 Riversleigh 地区第
三纪一个特殊的鸟类化石 Pengana robertbolesi = Pengana robertbolesi, a peculiar bird
of prey from the Tertiary of Riversleigh,
northwestern Queensland, Australia. (英文).
Boles W E. Alcheringa, 1993, 17(1`): 19 - 25
Pengana robertbolesi, a fossil raptor from
the Tertiary of Riversleigh, northwestern
Queensland, shares with the living genera
Polyboroides and Geranospiza a distinctive
morphology of the distal tibiotarsus. The
modified structure of the intertarsal joint permits a much greater degree of both anterioposterior and mediolateral flexion than in other
species of the Accipitridae. Living species
employ acrobatic foraging methods, using the
flexible leg to probe hollows and recesses. It is
considered that P. robertbolesi used similar
foraging techniques. Because it was approximately twice the size of living taxa, it probably was capable of predating substantially larger prey
2010030431
新的羽状 maniraptoran 恐龙化石填补鸟类
起源的一个缺环 = A new feathered maniraptoran dinosaur fossil that fills a morphological
gap in avian origin. (英文). Xu Xing; Zhao
Qi;Norell M; Sullivan C; Hone D; Erickson G;
Wang XiaoLin;, Han FengLu; Guo Yu. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2009, 54(3): 430-435
Recent fossil discoveries have substantially
reduced the morphological gap between nonavian and avian dinosaurs, yet avians including Archaeopteryx differ from non-avian theropods in their limb proportions. In particular,
avians have proportionally longer and more
robust forelimbs that are capable of supporting
a large aerodynamic surface. Here we report
on a new maniraptoran dinosaur, Anchiornis
huxleyi gen. et sp. nov., based on a specimen
collected from lacustrine deposits of uncertain
age in western Liaoning, China. With an esti-
mated mass of 110 grams, Anchiornis is the
smallest known non-avian theropod dinosaur.
It exhibits some wrist features indicative of
high mobility, presaging the wing-folding
mechanisms seen in more derived birds and
suggesting rapid evolution of the carpus. Otherwise, Anchiornis is intermediate in general
morphology between non-avian and avian dinosaurs, particularly with regard to relative
forelimb length and thickness, and represents
a transitional step toward the avian condition.
In contrast with some recent comprehensive
phylogenetic analyses, our phylogenetic
analysis incorporates subtle morphological
variations and recovers a conventional result
supporting the monophyly of Avialae.
2010030432
比利时鲁培尔阶一小潜鸟和大猫头鹰一新
种 = A small loon and a new species of large
owl from the Rupelian of Belgium (Aves: Gaviiformes, Strigiformes). (英文). Mayr G. Palaeontologische Zeitschrift, 2009, 83(2): 247254
The loon, of which wing and pectoral girdle
bones are preserved, is assigned to Colymboides (?) metzleri, a species previously
known from a partial skeleton from the Rupelian of Germany. The owl is based on a tarsometatarsus and distaltibiotarsus and described as a new species, Selenornis steendorpensis. It constitutes the most substantial
fossilrecord of the taxon Selenornis, which
was before known from a distal tibiotarsus
from a unknown horizon of the Quercy fissure
fillings in southwestern France. It is detailed
that there are differences in the higher level
taxonomic composition of the known early
Oligocene avifaunas of northern and southern
Europe, which may reflect true zoogeographic
facts owing to a different climate and vegatation.
2010030433
辽 宁 早 白 垩 世 今 鸟 类 一 新 属 种
(Jianchangornis microdonta gen.et sp.nov.)
=
A
New
Basal
Ornithurine
Bird(Jianchangornis
microdonta
gen.et
sp.nov)From The Lower Cretaceous Of China.
(英文). 周忠和;张福成;李志恒. 古脊椎动物
学报, 2009, 47(4): 299-310
依据一近完整的相关节的骨骼化石,记述
了辽宁建昌早白垩世九佛堂组原始今鸟类
一 新 属 种 : 小 齿 建 昌 鸟 (Jianchangornis microdonta gen.et sp.nov.)。新鸟个体较大,但
从骨化程度分析,正型标本可能属于一亚成
125
年个体。具有一些进步特征,如胸骨及龙骨
突加长,乌喙骨具有发育的前乌喙突以及和
肩胛骨关联的关节窝,叉骨"U"字型,愈合荐
椎包括 9-10 枚荐椎,尾综骨短小,第二、三
掌骨远端愈合,跗跖骨完全愈合等,表明新属
无疑属于今鸟类。在以下特征组合上很容
易和已知的早白垩世今鸟类化石相区别:齿
骨上至少有 16 枚细小牙齿,从齿骨前端向后
沿齿骨大部密集排列;肩胛骨强烈弯曲;第一
掌骨粗壮,较其他掌骨宽;第一指长并且远端
延伸明显超过第二掌骨;肱骨+尺骨+第二掌
骨与股骨+胫跗骨+跗跖骨的长度比例约为
1.1。系统发育分析表明新属属于基干的今
鸟类。新发现的材料第二、三掌骨远端愈
合很好,但近端却未完全愈合,这一特征尚未
见于其他已知鸟类,或许表明今鸟类腕掌骨
的愈合和现生鸟类的跗跖骨一样是从远端
开始的,不同于反鸟类和其他基干鸟类。
2010030434
新 第 三 纪 雉 类 （ 鸟 纲 ： 雉 科 ） ： 3.
Lophogallus 新 属 和 长 尾 雉 属 = Neogene
phasianids (Aves: Phasianidae) of Central
Asia: 3. Genera Lophogallus gen. nov. and
Syrmaticus. (英文). Zelenkov N V; Kurochkin
E N. Paleontological Journal, 2010, 44(3):
328-336 4 图版.
Large phasianids from four Miocene and
Pliocene localities of Mongolia are reviewed.
Lophogallus naranbulakensis gen. et sp. nov.
from the Middle Miocene of the Naran Bulak
locality is described. It resembles extant Gallus, Lophura, and partially Pavo. The fossil
pheasant Syrmaticus kozlovae Kurochkin is
compared in detail with other Neogene and
living pheasants. The stratigraphic position of
phasianids from Neogene localities of Central
Asia is discussed.
2010030435
恐龙省立公园(阿尔伯塔省，加拿大)坎帕阶
（晚白垩世）一原始鸟 = A basal bird from
the Campanian (Late Cretaceous) of Dinosaur
Provincial Park (Alberta, Canada). ( 英 文 ).
Buffetaut E. Geological Magazine, 2010,
147(3): 469-472
A fragmentary bone from the Dinosaur Park
Formation (Campanian) of Dinosaur Provincial Park (Alberta, Canada), originally described as a pterosaur tibiotarsus, is reinterpreted as the distal end of the tibiotarsus of a
basal bird, probably an enantiornithine, on the
basis of several distinctive characters. It is the
first report of such a bird from the Dinosaur
Park Formation and shows that this group was
present, together with various more derived
ornithurines, in the relatively high-latitude
environments of Late Cretaceous western
Canada.
哺 乳 类
2010030436
北非早第三纪哺乳动物加强分子非洲兽演
化谱系 = Early tertiary mammals from north
Africa reinforce the molecular afrotheria clade.
(英文). Tabuce R; Marivaux L; Adaci M et al..
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 2007, 274(1614): 1159-1166
The phylogenetic pattern and timing of the
radiation of mammals, especially the geographical origins of major crown clades, are
areas of controversy among molecular biologists, morphologists and palaeontologists. Molecular phylogeneticists have identified an
Afrotheria clade, which includes several taxa
as different as tenrecs (Tenrecidae),golden
moles (Chrysochloridae), elephant-shrews
(Macroscelididae), aardvarks (Tubulidentata)
and paenungulates (elephants, sea cows and
hyracoids). Molecular data also suggest a Cretaceous African origin for Afrotheria within
Placentalia followed by a long period of endemic evolution on the Afro-Arabian continent after the mid-Cretaceous Gondwanan
breakup (approx. 105-25 Myr ago). However,
there was no morphological support for such a
natural grouping so far. Here, we report new
dental and postcranial evidence of Eocene
stem hyrax and macroscelidid from North Africa that, for the first time, provides a congruent phylogenetic view with the molecular
Afrotheria clade. These new fossils imply,
however, substantial changes regarding the
historical biogeography of afrotheres. Their
long period of isolation in Africa, as assumed
by molecular inferences, is now to be reconsidered inasmuch as Eocene paenungulates
and elephant-shrews are here found to be related to some Early Tertiary Euramerican
'hyopsodontid condylarths' (archaic hoofed
mammals). As a result, stem members of
afrotherian clades are not strictly African but
also include some Early Paleogene Holarctic
mammals.
2010030437
加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚东北部 AMS 年代测
定的晚更新世 Microtus xanthognathus：年
代学中谨慎的一课 = AMS-dated late Pleistocene taiga vole (Rodentia: Microtus xan126
thognathus) from northeast British Columbia,
Canada: a cautionary lesson in chronology.
(英文). Hebda R J; Burns J A; Geertsema M;
Jull A J. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 2008, 45(5): 611-618
Dissected colluvial sediments on a Peace
River terrace at Bear Flat, northeast British
Columbia enclosed a late Pleistocene micromammalian faunule. The fossil remains, including a few loosely articulated skulls and
mandibles, were dominated by taiga voles
(Microtus xanthognathus). The Bear Flat site
constitutes the second fossil occurrence in the
region of this elusive species, which is unknown in British Columbia in historic times.
The late Pleistocene age, determined by accelerator mass spectrometry directly on taiga
vole bone collagen, is consistent with the ages
of widespread taiga vole records peripheral to
the Laurentide ice sheet in western, midwestern, and eastern North America. The
presence of allo-chronous remains within a
comprehensively dated sedimentary sequence
provides a cautionary note about straightforward acceptance of relative stratigraphic dating.
2010030438
法国西南部晚更新世哺乳动物啮齿目
Apodemus agrarius 条带状野外鼠谱系的发
现 = Occurrence of the Stripe Field Mouse
lineage (Apodemus agrarius Pallas 1771; Rodentia; Mammalia) in the Late Pleistocene of
southwestern France. (英文). Aguilar J P; Pélissié T; Sigé B; Michaux J. Comptes Rendus
Palevol, 2008, 7(4): 217-225
The Stripe Field Mouse lineage (Apodemus
agrarius) was present in the Late Pleistocene
in southwestern France (locality of Bouziès-Q,
Quercy), according to the age of ca. 17,417–
17,044 BC of the collected sample (AMS 14C
dating of collagen extracted from small
mammal bones). This occurrence demonstrates that a much western expansion of the
Stripe Field Mouse lineage than believed occurred at the end of the last cold phase of the
Pleistocene, the few fossil populations up to
now known being both younger and located
inside the present-day distribution area of the
lineage. The AMS 14C date supports the hypothesis of the late migration of this species
into Europe. If tooth morphology indicates
clear differences with respect to Apodemus
sylvaticus or A. flavicollis, there are appreciable ones between the Bouziès-Q population
and the present-day Apodemus agrarius of
western Europe, likely indicating evolution at
the sub-specific level despite the short time
period involved.
2010030439
可能为早期时代的巴布新几内亚高地双门
齿有袋类化石 = A possible early age for a
diprotodon (Marsupialia: Diprotodontidae)
fossil from the Papua New Guinea highlands.
( 英 文 ). Menzies J;Davies H L;Dunlap W
J;Golding S D. Alcheringa, 2008, 32(2): 129 147
A fossil diprotodon jawbone coated and
impregnated with a well-cemented fine breccia or tuff was recovered from weakly consolidated Pleistocene lacustrine sediments
near Yonki in the Papua New Guinea highlands. The fine breccia includes angular rock
and mineral fragments derived from country
rock, accretionary lapilli and clay minerals. It
does not include any identifiable primary volcanic material. The presence of accretionary
lapilli and lack of volcanic clasts suggests an
origin by phreatic eruption—an explosive
eruption driven by the violent escape of gas.
Minerals in the fine breccia have an age of
13.2 ± 0.2 Ma, middle Miocene, as indicated
by 40Ar/39Ar analysis. This is the age of the
country rock that was blasted by the phreatic
eruption. Igneous activity in the Yonki area is
thought to have ceased at 7.4 Ma (younger age
limit of Elandora Porphyry; late Miocene),
and so it is likely, but not certain, that the
phreatic eruption occurred not later than 7.4
Ma. The jawbone, as far as can be told from
its poor condition, is dentally similar to the
late Pliocene and possibly Pleistocene 'Kolopsis' watutense recovered from other sites in
New Guinea. Probably, the jawbone, or the
living marsupial, was buried in the fine breccia at the time of the phreatic eruption, and its
remains were subsequently reworked by river
erosion and redeposited in the lacustrine
sediments. Recrystallization and loss of primary texture in some of the bone may be a
result of heating at the time of, or preceding,
the eruption.
2010030440
阿根廷西北部古近纪 Salta 群 Santa Barbara 亚 群 Lumbrera 组 哺 乳 动 物 首 个
leontiniid 类化石 = First leontiniid (Mammalia, Notungulata) from the Lumbrera Formation (Santa Barbara Subgroup, Salta
Group-Paleogene) of Northwestern Argentina.
(其他). Deraco M V; Powell J E; Lopez G.
127
Ameghiniana: Revista de la asociacion Paleontologica Argentina, 2008, 45(1): 83-91
Coquenia bondi gen. nov. et sp. nov., the
first leontiniid of the Lumbrera Formation, is
described. It was found at a new fossiliferous
site called El Simbolar, situated north of
Pampa Grande, Salta province, Argentina. It is
represented by the skull and jaw with teeth.
The teeth are brachyodont. The dental formula
is 3/3; 1/1; 4/4; 3/3. Caniniform incisors, with
lingual and labial cingulum. This feature associated with an 12 more developed than 11 and
13 indicates that this new taxon is a leontiniid.
The crown of the upper canine is rotated, and
has a lingual and labial cingulum. Upper premolars have an anterolingual cingulum which
determines a small basin situated just in front
of the protocone. Premolars increase greatly in
size from the P1 to P4, being the P1 highly
reduced. Upper molars show a lingual cingulum. All the molars have a posterior fossa.
The M3 is wider towards to the base on its
lingual side. Although Lumbrera Formation
was considered Casamayoran in age, the taxon
described in this paper, and other unpublished
notoungulate remains found in the same
stratigraphic level, suggests that the red beds
overlaying the "Faja Verde 11" would be substantially younger and could be interpreted as
Mustersan or even grounger in age. These layers could be correlated with those of Casa
Grande Formation in Jujuy province (Argentina).
2010030441
巴西巴拉纳盆地 Botucatu 组中生代四足类
遗迹化石种和哺乳动物 Brasilichnium elusivum 的特征修订 = Diagnostic revision for
the Mesozoic tetrapod ichnospecies Brasilichnium elusivum (Leonardi, 1981) (Mammalia)
from the Botucatu Formation, Parana Basin,
Brasil. (其他). Fernandes M A; Carvalho I D.
Ameghiniana: Revista de la asociacion Paleontologica Argentina, 2008, 45(1): 167-173
The Brasilichnium elusivum ichnospecies
was described for the first time in Brazil by
Leonardi, in eocretaceous (Neocomian) continental aeolian deposits from Botucatu Formation, Parana Basin, and it corresponds to
trackways of a small sized mammal. The
tetrapod ichnofossils studied at the present
work were identified and collected at the Sao
Bento quarry, located in the city of Araraquara,
Sao Paulo State. The purpose of this study is
to report some new data diagnosis to B. elusivum, due the occurrence of well preserved
samples that could serve as base of compari-
son with the holotype and first paratype, and
allowed to determine the ectaxonic character
and the tetradactyly (digits II-III-IV-V) in
semi-plantigrade condition of the hind footprints. The tetradactyly was also observed in
the fore autopodia. The heteropody or the homopody, in the occurrence of mammal ichnofossils, was interpreted as the result of preservational conditions associated to distinctive
locomotor responses of the same animal during its dislocation across the sand dunes of the
Botucatu paleodesert.
2010030442
新材料对阿根廷里奥内格罗洛斯梅诺克斯
（ Los Menucos 复合体）上三叠统四足类
遗迹动物群的贡献 = new contribution to the
understanding of the upper Triassic tetrapod
ichnofauna from Los Menucos (Los Menucos
Complex), Rio Negro Province, Argentina.
(其他). Domnanovich N S;Tomassini R ; De
Bianco T M; Dalponte M. , 2008, 45(1): 211224
The Los Menucos ichnofauna from the Rio
Negro province in Argentina, is at present a
unique Triassic track association known from
Patagonia. The new footprints described in the
present study were collected from the same
levels where the original tetrapod ichnites
from Casamiquela's works were exhumed.
The track-bearing levels are included in the
Los Menucos Complex and correspond to
fine-grained tuffaceous sandstones interbedded with tuffaceous mudstones that contain a
rich "Dicroidium-type Flora". In the present
study new groups of trackmakers, that included footprints assigned to terapsid dicynodonts (Pen tasauropus sp. Ellenberger) and
putative "lepidosaurs" (Rhynchosauroides
Maidwell) were identified. The new specimens described do not include ichnites related
to archosaurs (basal archosaurs and/or dinosaurs), which are the dominant component in
most known Late Triassic Gondwanan
tetrapod faunas. Previous assumptions about
the relative abundance and high diversity of
small therapsids, probably theriodonts represented by the footprint assemblage are corroborated by the new evidence. This unusual
situation, which is supported by the new findings, might be due to the record of an endemic
fauna actually dominated by therapsid taxa in
northern Patagonia
2010030443
西班牙坎塔布连地区第四纪晚期的古气候
和自然景观: El Miron 洞穴中的小哺乳动
128
物 = Paleoclimate and landscape at the late
quaternary in cantabria: the small mammals
from El Miron cave (Ramales de la Victoria)..
(其他). Cuenca-Bescos G; Straus L G; Gonzalez Morales M R; Garcia Pimienta J C. Revista Espanola de paleontologia, 2008, 23(1):
91-126
The great diversity of small mammals in the
Upper Pleistocene and Holocene deposits of
El Miron Cave, with a total 26 species belonging to 6 mammalian orders (Erinaceomorpha,
Soricomorpha, Chiroptera, Carnivora, Rodentia and Lagomorpha), makes this an important
sequence for the study of the development of
small mammal associations during the Pleistocene-Holocene transition; what it allows us to
know the evolution of the climate and the
landscape in the Cantabrian Region.
2010030444
欧洲更新世数个食肉动物古群团中群落组
成的演化——种间竞争的作用 = Evolution
of community composition in several carnivore palaeoguilds from the European Pleistocene: the role of interspecific competition. (英
文). García N; Virgós E. Lethaia, 2007, 40(1):
33-44
This study focuses on ecological processes
such as competition or predation from an evolutionary perspective. First, we attempt to test
the idea that species with similar feeding requirements tend to coexist by separating morphologically or behaviourally. Then, the Barton–David test was applied to several carnivore communities (felids and canids) separated in time. Although the preservation bias
of the fossil record renders our conclusions
tentative, the general equal size–ratio pattern
in most of the guilds examined indicates that
inter-specific competition for prey species
seems to be a good candidate to explain the
evolution of guild composition and morphological traits throughout the Pleistocene for
the two groups considered, felids and canids.
2010030445
利用半径范围的曲线率复原绝灭的南非食
肉 动物咀 嚼器 官的行 为 = Using radii-ofcurvature for the reconstruction of extinct
South African carnivoran masticatory behavior. ( 英 文 ). Hartstone-Rosea A; Wahl S.
Comptes Rendus Palevol, 2008, 7(8): 629-643
Paleoanthropologists have hypothesized
that, during the evolution of increased carnivory in our lineage, hominins transitioned
through a scavenging niche created by certain
carnivoran taxa (especially sabertooths) that
may have lacked the morphology necessary to
utilize all parts of carcasses, thus leaving an
open niche of high-quality scavengable remains. In this article, we examine the postcanine dentition of modern and fossil carnivorans using quantifications of occlusal radiiof-curvature (ROC) and correlate this morphology with feeding behavior to deduce the
carcass-processing capabilities of the PlioPleistocene carnivores of South Africa. ROC
data do a good job of separating taxa by dietary category, revealing possible differences in
the carcass-processing abilities of fossil and
modern members of some extant species, and
confirming that Chasmaporthetes was probably a hypercarnivore and not a durophage like
the modern hyenas. Contrary to previous hypotheses, sabertooth felids do not appear to
have been more hypercarnivorous than modern felids based on these data.
2010030446
作 为 奇 异的 Wynyardia bassiana 的 栖 息
地，是否是澳大利亚首个描述的第三纪陆
生哺乳动物？ = A habitat for the enigmatic
Wynyardia bassiana Spencer, 1901, Australia's first described Tertiary land mammal?.
( 英 文 ). Macphail M K. Alcheringa, 1996,
20(3): 227 - 243
The habitat and habit of Australia's first
recorded Tertiary marsupial species, Wynyardia bassiana, found some 130 years ago at
Wynyard on the northwestern coast of Tasmania, remain enigmatic (Aplin 1987, Aplin &
Rich 1990). Fossil pollen and spores preserved
in a rafted clast of estuarine silts from the
same sequence of earliest Miocene marine
sandstones as the skeletal remains indicate the
local vegetation was Nothofagus-gymnosperm
evergreen rainforest, probably with a cryptogam-rich rather than woody subcanopy stratum. Comparisons with present-day Nothofagus rainforests suggest that, although the
subcanopy would have been sufficiently open
to allow the passage of a large grounddwelling herbivorous marsupial, limited food
resources are more consistent with Wynyardia
being a generalist arboreal herbivore
2010030447
以存放于匈牙利标本库的下颚骨和牙齿标
本为基础修订 Panthera 属的三个更新世亚
种 = A revision of three Pleistocene subspecies of Panthera, based on mandible and teeth
remains, stored in Hungarian collections. (英
129
文). Hanko E P. Fragmenta Palaeontologica
Hungarica, 2007, 24-25(): 25-43
This paper is the first comperehensive
revision of the Pleistocene lion-like cat remains. The morphological compaison and the
cladistical analysis were based on 132 teeth
and 9 mandible remains. The fossil cat species,
previously described as Leo gombaszoegensis
stands near to the recent jaguar, therefore it
must be referred to Panthera onca gombaszoegensis. The Middle Pleistocene lionlike cat is a subspecies of Pantherea leo (P.
leo fossilis) just as the Late Pleistoce cave lion
(P. leo spelaea) , which is not a direct descendant of the former, but represents a separate
more advanced offshoot.
2010030448
地坑中的"象". 在 1956 年匈牙利自然历史
博物馆火灾中被损坏的晚第三纪长鼻目标
本的修订 = "Elephants" in the cellar. A revision of the Neogene Proboscidean remains,
damaged in the fire of the Hungarian Natural
History Museum in 1956. (英文). Gasparik M.
Fragmenta Palaeontologica Hungarica, 2007,
24-25(): 83-91
All of the inventory books and most of the
inventory cards burnt away. Mostly with the
help of Schlesinger's monograph from 1922
on the Hungarian"mastodon" record, a revision was started on the damaged remains of
Deinotheriidae, Gomphotheriidae and Mammutidae. The material contains 36 specimens
of teeth and dental fragments (incisors, molars
and premolars), under 32 inventory numbers.
The following taxa hs been identified: Deinotherium cf. proavum, Gomphothrium angustidens, Gomphotheridae indet., Anancus
arvernensis, "Mastodon" grandincisivus and
Mammut borsoni.
2010030449
在假三尖齿哺乳动物和三尖齿哺乳动物中
牙齿的趋同适应 = Convergent dental adaptations in pseudo-tribosphenic and tribosphenic
mammals. ( 英 文 ). Luo Zhe-Xi; Ji Qiang;
Yuan Chong-Xi. Nature, 2007, 450(7166): 9397
Tribosphenic molars of basal marsupials
and placentals are a major adaptation, with the
protocone (pestle) of the upper molar crushing
and grinding in the talonid basin (mortar) on
the lower molar. The extinct pseudotribosphenic mammals have a reversed tribosphenic molar in which a pseudo-talonid is
anterior to the trigonid, to receive the pseudo-
protocone of the upper molar. The pseudoprotocone is analogous to the protocone, but
the anteriorly placed pseudo-talonid is opposite to the posterior talonid basin of true tribosphenic mammals. Here we describe a
mammal of the Middle Jurassic period with
highly derived pseudo-tribosphenic molars but
predominantly primitive mandibular and
skeletal features, and place it in a basal position in mammal phylogeny. Its shoulder girdle
and limbs show fossorial features similar to
those of mammaliaforms and monotremes, but
different compared with those of the earliestknown Laurasian tribosphenic (boreosphenid)
mammals. The find reveals a much greater
range of dental evolution in Mesozoic mammals than in their extant descendants, and
strengthens the hypothesis of homoplasy of
'tribosphenic-like' molars among mammals
2010030450
晚更新世 Lujan 组的淤泥:阿根廷布宜诺斯
艾利斯省萨拉杜河盆地南美三趾马标本的
埋葬学分析 = Miring in the Lujan Formation
(Late Pleistocene). taphonomic analysis of a
specimen of hippdion owen from the Salado
River Basin (Buenos Aires Province, Argentina). (其他). Pomi L H. Ameghiniana: Revista de la asociacion Paleontologica Argentina, 2009, 46(1): 17-25
The interesting finding of a Hippidion
specimen in sediments referred to the Guerrero Member of the Lujan Formation (late
Pleistocene) in northeast Buenos Aires Province is reported. Preliminary considerations
indicate that the bearing level represents a
deposition environment similar to existing
poorly-drained flood plains. Analysis of several taphonomic characteristics (e.g. position,
degree of articulation, soft tissue molds) allows considering that the specimen was incorporated through swamp-miring that also led to
its death. Available palaeoautoecological information for this taxon allows the possibility
that the accumulation environment of this
specimen was a habitat used regularly by the
taxon. Reconstruction of the taphonomic path
of this specimen admits the assumption that at
least some parts of the floodplain could have
worked as swamp-miring sites. The occurrence of this taphonomic mode in the Salado
River Basin is particularly relevant because it
accounts for the relative abundance of relatively complete and well-articulated skeletons,
and it also evidences possible taphonomic bias
related to the frequency of use of this environment by each taxon.
130
2010030451
西印度 Vastan 地区下始新统一 ailuravine
类及其古生物地理意义 = An ailuravine rodent from the lower Eocene Cambay Formation at Vastan, western India, and its palaeobiogeographic implications. (英文). Rana R S;
Kumar K; Escarguel G; Sahni A; rose K D;
Smith T; Singh H; Singh L. Acta palaeontologica Polonica, 2008, 53(1): 1-14
A new ailuravine rodent, Meldimys musak
sp. nov. is recorded from the lower Eocene
lignites of western India. It is the oldest record
of Rodentia from India. Meldiunys was previously known only from Europe, and ailuravines were previously reported only from
Europe and North Ameria. Its occurrence in
India allows the first direct correlation between the early Eocene land mammal horizons
of Europe and India, and raises the possibility
of a terrestrial faunal exchange between India
and Eurasia close to the Palaeocene-Eocene
trasition.
2010030452
美国内布拉斯加中中新世 Valentine 组海狸
的 头 骨 形 态 , 系 统 分 类 和 序 列 = Cranial
morphology, systematics and succession of
beavers from the middle Miocene Valentine
Formation of Nebraska, USA. (英文). Korth
W W. Acta palaeontologica Polonica, 2008,
53(2): 169-182
The ranage of Eucastor tortus and Monosaulax skinneri is extended from late Barstovian into the latest Barstovian Gevil's
Gulch Member and the range of the otherwise
Clarendonian species of Prodipoides is extended downward into the late Barstovian
Crookston Bridge Member. The skulls of
Monosaulax skinneri and Eucastor valentinensis are described in deteil for the first
time. The cranial morphology of M. skinneri is
primitive for Gastoroidini and that of E. valentinensis is specialized for tooth-digging behavior as in the Nothodipoidini. A new genus,
Temperocastor, is proposed for E. valentinensis based on its primitive morphology of the
check teeth and derived cranial morphology.
Temperocastor represents the most primitive
nothodipoidine.
2010030453
阿 根廷潘 佩纳 地区 Cardiatherium chasicoense 的 首 次 记 录 及 其 生 物 地 层 意 义 =
First record of Cardiatherium chasicoense
(Rodentia, Hydrochoeridae) out of the Pam-
peana Region (Argentina) and its biostratigraphical significance. (其他). Deschamps C
M; Vieyte E C; Olivares A I. Ameghiniana:
Revista de la asociacion Paleontologica Argentina, 2009, 46(2): 295-305
A skull and associated mandible of a rodent
found in the Arenisca Albardon Member,
Loma de las Tapias Formation, San Juan
Province,Argentina, is studied. It is assigned
to the species Cardiatherium chasicoense (Hydrochoeridae), being the single record of this
species out of its type locality, Arroyo Chasico, Buenos Aires province. In addition, this
is the single remain with skull and mandible in
association, which permits corroboration of
the assignment to this species of isolated upper teeth found in the type locality. This
specimen was compared qualitatively with all
the species of Cardiatherium so far recognized,
and was included in geometric morphometric
analyses in order to compare morphological
features that could not be evaluated through
linear measurements. The specimen is a juvenile, and proved to fit within the model proposed for ontogenetic growing of cheek teeth
for late Miocene capybaras. Its assignment to
C. chasicoense permits the correlation of the
bearing levels with those of the type locality,
lithofacies association 3 (Las Barrancas Member) of the Arroyo Chasico Formation, suggesting an age of ca. 7 Ma for these latter, on
the basis of a dating of the middle section of
the Arenisca Albardon Member which yielded
7.0 + 0.9 Ma. The bearing sediments are interpreted as deposited by a braided river. So far,
all the records of fossil capybaras have been
found in water-related sediments, in accordance with the semiaquatic habits of their
modern representatives.
2010030454
晚 中 新 世 Arroyo Chasico 组
Megalonychidae 科：关于 Chasicoan 期树
懒的系统分类 = Description of the femur of
Protomegalonyx chasicoensis Scillato-Yane
(Mammalia, Xenarthra, Megalonychidae)
from the Arroyo Chasico Formation (Late
Miocene). Systematic consideration on the
sloths of Chasicoan Age. (其他). Brandoni D.
Ameghiniana: Revista de la asociacion Paleontologica Argentina, 2009, 46(3): 513-521
The description of the femur of the sloth
Protomegalonyx chasicoensis Scillato-Yane is
based on a right complete femur (MMP M 478)
from the Arroyo Chasico Formation (late
Miocene) in the Southwest of Buenos Aires
Province. Protomegalonyx chasicoensis is
131
characterized by smaller size than Protomegalonyx doellojuradoi Kraglievich and
Protomegalonyx praecursor Kraglievich; fovea capitis within the femoral head; greater
trochanter less developed; third trochanter
slender and projected; as in P. doellojuradoi
and P. praecursor, distal facets separated and
epicondyles projected. The sloths present in
the above mentioned unit are represented by
five species: the Nothrotheriidae Xyophorus
bondesioi Scillato-Yane and Chasicobradys
intermedius Scillato-Yane, Carlini and Vizcaino; Anisodontherium halmyronomum
(Cabrera) (Megatheriidae, Megatheriinae); the
Octomylodontinae
Octomylodon
robertoscagliai Scillato-Yane, and P. chasicoensis.
Protomegalonyx Kraglievich and Octomylodon Ameghino are recorded from the "conglomerado osifero" (late Miocene) of Entre
Rios Province. Chasicobradys intermedius is
very similar to Neohapalops rothi Kraglievich
from the mentioned unit of Entre Rios Province, and is probably its junior synonym. This
suggests a closer relationship between the
sloth faunas of the Arroyo Chasico Formation
and "conglomerado osifero" than has been
noted previously.
2010030455
巴基斯坦哈斯诺特地区西瓦里克中部的
Boselaphines = Boselaphines (Artiodactyla,
Ruminantia, Bovidae) from the Middle Siwaliks of Hasnot, Pakistan. (英文). Khan M A;
Iliopoulos G; Akhtar M. Geobios, 2009, 42(6):
739-753 2 图版.
In this paper, boselaphine material from
several localities in the area of the Hasnot
Pakistan, is described, identified, and discussed. Four species that belong to three different genera of the tribe Boselaphini have
been found: Selenoportax vexillarius, S.
lydekkeri, Pachyportax latidens and Eotragus
sp. Eotragus sp. is reported for the first time
from the Hasnot and consequently from other
Upper Middle Siwalik sediments of Pakistan
and equivalent strata of the world, extending
the range of the genus from the Lower to the
Middle Siwaliks. Reviewing the Siwaliks’
Selenoportax species, S. dhokpathanensis Akhtar and S. tatrotensis Akhtar are synonymized with S. lydekkeri and S. vexillarius,
respectively.
2010030456
拉格里韦圣阿尔班（法国）上阿拉戈尼亚
阶 Hispanomys bijugatus 的首次详细描述
及 其 生 物 地 层 学 意 义 = First detailed de-
scription of Hispanomys bijugatus Mein and
Freudenthal, 1971 (Rodentia, Cricetodontinae)
from the Upper Aragonian of La Grive-Saint
Alban (France): Biostratigraphical implications. (英文). López-Antoñanzas R; Mein P.
Geobios, 2009, 42(6): 783-796 2 图版.
The material of Hispanomys bijugatus (Rodentia, Cricetodontinae) from La Grive-Saint
Alban (carrière Lechartier, fissure L3) is described for the first time and compared with
all species of the genus known to date. As
common in the Upper Aragonian populations
of Hispanomys, this taxon evidences a low
variability. H. bijugatus shows some progressive characters with respect to the remaining
Aragonian congeneric species, such as the absence of labial and lingual cingula surrounding the upper and lower molar valleys respectively, the increase in the number of roots on
the second lower molar, and the lost of mesolophs. This suggests that H. bijugatus, in spite
of being one of the oldest species of the genus,
is relatively derived with regard to the coeval
congeneric species. Because H. bijugatus and
H. decedens are believed to be closely related
species within the same lineage, the fact that
the former shows a more progressive dental
morphology than the latter suggests that the
unnamed fissure-fillings from La Grive and
La Grive M (with H. decedens only) are older
than La Grive L3 (with H. bijugatus only).
The coexistence of both species at locality L5
suggests an intermediate age.
2010030457
晚古新世-早始新世之交南极冈瓦纳的丘齿
有袋类 Chulpasia 和 Thylacotinga：来自澳
大 利 亚 的 新 证 据 = Chulpasia and Thylacotinga, late Paleocene-earliest Eocene transAntarctic Gondwanan bunodont marsupials:
New data from Australia. ( 英 文 ). Sigé B;
Archer M; Crochet J-Y; Godthelp H; Hand S;
Beck R. Geobios, 2009, 42(6): 813-823 3 图
版.
new marsupial from the early Eocene Tingamarra Local Fauna of southeastern Queensland, Australia, is named and referred to
Chulpasia Crochet and Sigé, 1993, a genus
otherwise known from early Tertiary deposits
of Peru. This taxon, Chulpasia jimthorselli
nov. sp., differs in upper molar morphology
only in minor details from the Peruvian type
species Chulpasia mattaueri and is almost
identical in size. New materials referable to
the Tingamarra marsupial Thylacotinga bartholomaii Archer, Godthelp and Hand are also
132
described. Species of Chulpasia and Thylacotinga share many striking derived as well as
plesiomorphic dental features that allow recognition of a new monophyletic subfamily,
Chulpasiinae. Its familial relationships are in
doubt, but members of the subfamily could
have provided the ancestral stock for Rosendolops and other early Tertiary South American polydolopimorphian marsupials. This is
the first evidence that a Gondwanan genus of
therian land mammals spanned South America,
Antarctica and Australia during the early Tertiary. The very close similarity between the
Peruvian and Australian fossils (and suggested
short time span between their stratigraphic
occurrences) provides further paleontological
support for a trans-Antarctic land connection
between South America and Australia extending well into the early Paleogene.
manivosoa B; Tombomiadana-Raveloson S;
Randrianantenaina H; Kerloc’h P. Comptes
Rendus Palevol, 2009, 8(5): 471-480
For more than 20 years, a species of Palaeopropithecus has been suspected in the NorthWest of Madagascar. New discoveries in
breccia from the sites of Belobaka and Ambongonambakoa permit us to describe the dental morphology of a new species, with a very
developed parastyle and a mesostyle. This
morphology is close to that which is found in
the genus Propithecus. This small sized Palaeopropithecus could probably chew little
bits of harder food than the two larger species.
The description of this new species occurs
100 years after the other two, and suggests a
greater diversity of Palaeopropithecus, extinct
lemurs of large size and moving in a suspended manner like the South-American sloth.
2010030458
论 Vincelestes neuquenianus 的系统发育关
系 = On the phylogenetic relationships of
Vincelestes neuquenianus. (英文). Bonaparte
J F. Historical Biology, 2008, 20(2): 81-86
This short review paper compares the lower
jaw and lower dentition of the small Mesozoic
mammal Vincelestes neuquenianus with some
other Laurasian and Gondwanan taxa. On this
basis a set of 90 characters recognised by recent authors was assembled and used to construct a cladogram. The topology suggests that
the early Cretaceous mammal from Patagonia,
Vincelestes, is nested within a clade comprising 'other Gondwanan mammals', separated
from Laurasian taxa. In general, because there
is a lack of Mesozoic mammal skulls from
Gondwana, meaning that the skull of Vincelestes can only be compared with cranial material from Laurasia, an incomplete understanding of relationships has resulted in earlier
studies. The prototribosphenic condition of
Vincelestes is supported by the cladistic analysis presented here and permits a number of
interesting speculations because it is of later
age than Jurassic tribosphenic mammals from
Gondwana. It is proposed that the tribosphenic
condition may have developed first amongst
taxa on Pangea, before the separation of
Laurasia and Gondwana.
2010030460
缅甸 Irrawaddy 组 Propotamochoeru 的新
资 料 = New material of Propotamochoerus
(Suidae, Mammalia) from the Irrawaddy Formation, Myanmar. (英文). Sein C; van der
Made J; Rossner G E. Neues Jahrbuch fur
Geologie u. Palaontologie / Abhandlungen, 2009, 251(1): 17-31
Here new records of the genus Propotamochoerus from the Lower Irrawaddy Formation
at Tebingan in Myanmar are documented with
additional material of P."hysudricus" and for
the first time with P. wui. Though the species
P. "hysudricus" from the Indian Subcontinent
needs revision, its presence in Myanmar indicates faunal affinities between both areas.
Propotamochoerus wui is further known from
Lufen, southern China, and indicates faunal
affinities between SE Asia and southern China.
The finds are consistent with a Late Miocene
age of the deposits.
2010030459
马达加斯加西北部巨型亚化石狐猴属一新
种 Palaeopropithecus kelyus = A new species of giant subfossil lemur from the NorthWest of Madagascar (Palaeopropithecus kelyus, Primates. ( 法 文 ). Gommery D; Ra-
2010030461
Rambla de Chimeneas-3 地点晚 Turolian
期微体哺乳动物:评述西班牙南部 Guadix
盆地最老的陆生动物群 = Late Turolian micromammals from Rambla de Chimeneas-3:
consideraqtions on the oldest continental faunas from the Guadix Basin (Southern Spain).
( 英 文 ). Minwer-Barakat R; Garcia-Alix A;
Martin-Suarez E; Freudenthal M. Neues Jahrbuch fur Geologie u. Palaontologie / Abhandlungen, 2009, 251(1): 95-108
The fauna from Rambla de Chimeneas-3, a
new uppermost Miocene micromammal site
from the Guadix B asin, is described. This
133
level has yielded remains of Paraethomys
meini, Ossitanomys alcalai,Stephanomys cf.
dubari, Cricetinea idet., Erinaceidae indet.,
and Soricidae indet. This faunal assemblage
can be assigned to the upper Turolian. The
section of Rambla de Chimeneas is situated in
the lower part of the odest exclusively continental stratigraphic unit distinguished in the
filling of the Guadix Basin. Other rodent faunas from this unit were previously assigned to
the middle Turolian. In this paper we reconsider the age of the oldest mammal localities
from the Guadix Basin, concluding lthat none
of them can be clearly assigned to MN 12.
Therefor, there is no evidence of the continentalization of the basin vefor the late Turolian.
2010030462
巴西第四纪哺乳动物一新地懒化石 = A new
ground sloth (Mammalia: Xenarthra) from the
Quaternary of Brazil. (英文). De Iuliis G; Pujos F; Cartelle C. Comptes Rendus
Palevol, 2009, 8(8): 705-715
The record of South-American Pleistocene
Megalonychidae is scarce. Of the species described for intertropical Brazil, including
Megalonyx sp., Ocnopus gracilis, Valgipes
deformis, Xenocnus cearensis and Ahytherium
aureum, only the last, recently described, is
valid. The new megalonychid species described here was recovered from the same locality as Ah. aureum. The latter is apparently
more closely linked to the North-American
Pleistocene forms whereas Australonyx aquae
may be more closely related to the Antillean
sloths. The fossil remains of extant taxa recovered in association with the new sloth species suggest that the region, currently within
the Caatinga biome, was a mosaic of the Atlantic Forest and Savannah biomes during the
final stages of the Pleistocene.
2010030463
玻利维亚 Tarija 河谷 Glyptodontidae 科的
多样性: 一特殊群落的系统分类, 生物地层
和古生物地理 = The diversity of Glyptodontidae (Xenarthra, Cingulata) in the Tarija Valley (Bolivia): systematic, biostratigraphic and
paleobiogeographic aspects of a particular assemblage. (英文). Zurita A E; Mino-Boilini A
R; Soibelzon E; Carlini A A; Rios F P. Neues
Jahrbuch fur Geologie u. Palaontologie / Abhandlungen, 2009, 251(2): 225-237
The Glyptodontidae assemblage of this area
is unique with respect to faunas known for
other areas of South America. Some notewor-
thy features are the abundance of remains assignable to genus Glyptodon and the scarcity
or absence of others (Panochthus and Neosclerocalyptus) that are very frequent in the
fossil record of the Pampean and north-central
regions of Argentina. Biostratigraphically, all
but one of the Glyptodon specimens resemble
those from the Middle Pleistocene - Early
Holocene of the Pampean region in Argentina.
However, one of the specimens studied
(MNPA-v 006118) from the locality Armados,
corresponds to the species G. munizi, restricted to the Ensenadan (Early Middle Pleistocene) in the Pampean region.
2010030464
对墨西哥晚更新世 Stegomastodon 最完整
骨 骼 的 描 述 = Description of the cmplete
skeleton of Stegomastodon (Mammalia, Gomphotheriidae) recorded for the Mexican Late
Pleistocene. ( 英 文 ). Alaberdi M T; JuarezWoo J; Polaco O J; Arroyo-Cabrales J. Neues
Jahrbuch fur Geologie u. Palaontologie / Abhandlungen, 2009, 251(2): 239-255
Gomhothere skull and skeletal remains
from the Chapala Lake region, Jalisco, Mexico are described and compared with other
gomphothere remains from North, Central and
South America. Some characteristics are analysed and compared among them, and the
Chapalan specimen is identified as Stegomastodon sp. Palaeoecological and palaeogeographic considerations of the Mexican
gomphotheres are also provided compared
with others gomphotheres. The tooth enamel
was dated by 14C , corresponding to the late
Pleistocene.
2010030465
阿 根 廷 东 北 部 晚 中 新 世 Pyramiodontherium 的存在及其生物地理意义 = On
the presence of Pyramiodontherium (Mammalia, Xenarthra, Megatheriidae) in the Late
Miocene of northeastern Argentina and its
biogeographical implications. ( 英 文 ). Brandoni D; Carlini A A. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e stratigrafia, 2009, 115(1): 111123
Among the four megatheriines that occur in
this unit, the genera Promegatherium ,
Eomegatherium and Pliometathrium represent
relatively small to medium-sized taxa. Here
we describe new material lassigned to
Pyramiodontherium, the larges of the four
genera from tha same bed and comparble in
size to some Quaternary species of Megatherium. Three valid species of Pyramio134
dontherium hve been recognized, all distributed mainly in northwestern Argentina, from
the Late Miocene in Catamarca Provice, and
the late Pliocene in La Rioja Province. The
presence of this genus in northeastern Argentina extends its known paleobiogeographical
distribution.
2010030466
保加利亚西南部晚中新世产地 Hadzhidimovo-1 三趾马颊区的个体发育和变异性 =
Ontogeny and variability in the cheek region
of Hipparions from the Late Miocene locality
Hadzhidimovo-1, southwest Bulgaria. (英文).
Hristova L. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e
stratigrafia, 2009, 115(1): 125-132
The sample includes individuals of various
ages that allow the investigator to study their
ontogenetic development. Two species of hipparion are recognized, including Hippotherium brachypus and Cremohipparion
mediterranuem. A study of the lateral aspect
of the face, including the maxillary and premaxillary regions were made with specific
attention paid to the placement of the preorbital and subnasal fossae. The morphology of
these structures are found to be of taxonomic
value. This study reveals that the most intensive growth of the cheek region in both species is the period during which the maxillary
M2 erupts and that the two species have different modes of ontogenetic changes in the
location of preorbital fossa.
2010030467
翼龙 Carniadactylus gen. n. rosenfeldi 的解
剖学和系统分类 = Anatomy and systematics
fo the Pterosaur Carniadactylus gen. n.
rosenfeldi (Dalla Vecchia, 1995). ( 英 文 ).
Dalla Vecchia F M. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e stratigrafia, 2009, 115(2): 159188
A new genus, Carniadactylus, is proposed
for the two specimens based on the apomorphic shape of the 'coronoid' process, coracoid
and pteroid, wing phalanx proportions and the
several anatomical differences with E. ranzii
and 'Eudimorphodon' cromptonellus. No definitive evidence of a juvenile stage occurs in
the two specimens. A phylogenetic analysis
using parsimony shows that Carniadactylus is
nested inside the Camphylognathoididae and
is
the
sister-group
of
Caviramus
schesaplanensis + 'Raeticodactylus' filisurensis. The systematics of specimens referred in
the literature to Eudimorphodon is reviewed.
2010030468
Amahuacatherium 属的保护 = In defense of
Amahuacathrium
(Proboscidea:
Gomphotheriidae). ( 英 文 ). Campbell K E Jr.;
Frailey C D; Romero-Pittman L. Neues Jahrbuch fur Geologie u. Palaontologie / Abhandlungen, 2009, 252(1): 113-128
The identification of Amahuacatherium peruvium as a late Miocene gomphothere from
Amazonian Peru has been challenged, with
some authors claiming the specimen is only a
western Amazonian example of the widespread, late Pleistocene genus Haplomastodon.
Arguments against placing Amahuacatherium
in synonymy with Haplomastodon include
diagnostic dental characters, the presence in
the former of lower tusks in adult individuals,
and the upper Miocene age of the deposits
from which it came. Amahuacatherium, as
originally reported, is the oldest known North
American mammal to enter South America in
an early phase of the Great American Faunal
Interchange.
2010030469
玻利维亚 Tarija 峡谷第四纪哺乳动物偶蹄
类 Tayassuidae 科的评述 = A review of the
Quaternary Tayassuidae (Mammalia, Artiodactyla) from the Tarija Valley, Bolivia. (英
文). Gasparini G M; Soibelzon E; Zuritan A E;
Mi o-Boilinin AR. Alcheringa, 2010, 34(1): 7
- 20
Three genera of Tayassuidae are recognized
in South America: Platygonus Le Conte, 1848,
Catagonus Ameghino, 1904 and Tayassu
Fischer, 1814. This study provides the first
systematic review of the Pleistocene tayassuids yet reported from Bolivia. The richest
records of the family in South America derived from central-eastern Argentina and
southern Brazil. Catagonus stenocephalus
(Lund in Reinhardt, 1880) is documented for
the first time in Bolivia, significantly extending the geographic distribution of this species
in South America. We cannot confirm the validity of Platygonus tarijensis (Ameghino,
1904), but accept its generic allocation. Both
taxa show adaptations to arid or semi-arid and
relatively open environments, which is consistent with the palaeoenvironmental conditions
previously proposed for the Tarija Valley. The
veracity of other records of the family from
Bolivia cannot be confirmed.
135
2010030470
食肉动物 Felidae 科似美洲狮的猫 Puma
pardoides 在伊比利亚的记录 = The Iberian
record of the puma-like cat Puma pardoides
(Owen, 1846) (Carnivora, Felidae). ( 英 文 ).
Madurell-Malapeira J; Alba D M; Moyà-Solà
S; Aurell-Garrido J. Comptes Rendus
Palevol, 2010, 9(1-2): 55-62
Fossil puma-like cats (Puma pardoides) are
recorded from several Late Pliocene to Early
Pleistocene Eurasian localities, but the interpretation of the phylogenetic relationships between them and the extant puma (Puma concolor) remains controversial. In the past, extinct puma-like cats have been classified into
several genera and species, and a close relationship with both pumas (Puma concolor)
and snow leopards (Uncia uncia) has been
suggested. Here, we describe the fossil remains of puma-like cats from the Iberian Peninsula. These remains (from the localities of
La Puebla de Valverde, Cueva Victoria and
Vallparadís) cover the whole known chronological distribution of this species in Eurasia.
Although there are dentognathic similarities
with U. uncia, the Iberian remains of P. pardoides most closely resemble the extant P.
concolor. It is concluded that P. pardoides is
closely related to living pumas, which supports a likely Eurasian origin of the puma
lineage.
2010030471
印度晚白垩世作为在印度和非洲之间白垩
纪第三纪过渡期生物扩散的哺乳动物的首
个证据 = First mammal evidence from the
Late Cretaceous of India for biotic dispersal
between India and Africa at the KT transition.
(英文). Prasad G V R; Verma O; Gheerbrant
E; Goswami A; Khosla A. Comptes Rendus
Palevol, 2010, 9(1-2): 63-71
The Late Cretaceous record of mammals
from India assumes great significance in view
of the fact that it is the only Gondwanan
landmass that has yielded definitive eutherian
mammals. These mammals have variously
been assigned to palaeoryctids, archontans or
Eutheria incertae sedis. Well preserved lower
molars recovered from a new mammalyielding Deccan intertrappean site near Kisalpuri village, Dindori District, Madhya
Pradesh (state), India, are described here under a new species Deccanolestes narmadensis
sp. nov. The new fossil material indicates
close phylogenetic relationship between Deccanolestes from India and Afrodon
(Adapisoriculidae) from the Late Palaeocene
of Africa and Europe. In view of older age and
more primitive state of Deccanolestes teeth, it
is inferred that Deccanolestes represents an
ancestral morphotype from which the African/European adapisoriculid Afrodon may
have been derived. This is the first compelling
terrestrial fossil evidence for an early dispersal
between India and Africa. Such a dispersal
possibly involved an East African contact with
India at the KT transition.
2010030472
中亚始新世-渐新世过渡及其对哺乳动物演
化的影响 = Eocene–Oligocene transition in
Central Asia and its effects on mammalian
evolution. (英文). Kraatz B P; Geisler J H.
Geology, 2010, 38(2): 111-114
The Eocene-Oligocene boundary (EOB)
marks a period of dramatic global climatic
change correlated with pronounced mammalian faunal change. The timing of these events
is well constrained in North America and
Europe, but the Asian record has yet to produce a synthetic section linking environmental
change, mammalian fossils, and precise geochronological dates. Here we present the first
magnetostratigraphic section for the Hsanda
Gol Formation, Mongolia, which yields significant Oligocene fossils and also marks a
pattern of aridification that is tightly correlated to the EOB (33.9 Ma), supporting a
broader pattern of aridification in the central
Asian plateau across the EOB. Oligocene faunas of Asia can now be confidently correlated
to those of North America, Europe, and Africa.
These results suggest that mammalian faunal
turnover within Asia occurred slightly later
than similar events within Europe, and question the influence of Asian immigrants on the
Grande Coupure faunal turnover.
2010030473
更新世蒙古的 Equus nalaikhaensis(野驴)，
中 亚 最 早 的 野 驴 = Equus (Hemionus)
nalaikhaensis from the Pleistocene of Mongolia, the earliest kulan of Central Asia. (英文).
Kuznetsova T V; Zhegallo V I. Paleontological Journal, 2009, 43(5): 574-583 4 图版.
The type series of the earliest kulan Equus
(Hemionus) nalaikhaensis Kuznetsova et
Zhegallo, 1996 from the Pleistocene of Mongolia is described in detail. The lectotype (an
almost complete skull without a lower jaw) is
designated. The assignment of this species to
the subgenus Hemionus is validated.
136
2010030474
德国南部中新世 Sandelzhausen 的 Eumyarion 组合: 匀质性检验 = The Eumyarion
(Mammalia, Rodentia, Muridae) assemblage
from Dandelzhausen (Miocene, Southern
Germany): a test on homogeneity. ( 英 文 ).
H.de
Bruijin.
Palaeontologische
Zeitschrift, 2009, 83(1): 77-83
A large sample of Eumyarion cheek teeth
from the Early/Middle Miocene boundary locality Sandelzhausen, type locality E. bifidus
is studied. It is concluded that this collection
contains two species: E. bifidus and E. weinfurteri. The similarity in size and morphology
of the cheek teeth of these two species is so
great that only the M1 and M2 can be recognised with certainty. Eumyarion bifidus seems
to be a descendant of E. orhani from the Early
Miocene of Southwestern Anatolia and is
therefore considered to be an immigrant into
Central Europe.
2010030475
德 国 中 新 世 Sandelzhausen 地 层 的 Metaschizotherium bavaricum:描述, 比较和古
生态意义 = The chalicothere Metaschizotherium bavaricum (Perissodactyla, Chalicotheriidae, Schizotheriinae) from the Miocene
(MN5) Lagerstatte of Sandelzhausen (Germany): description, comparison, and paleoecological significance. (英文). Coombs M
C. Palaeontologische Zeitschrift, 2009, 83(1):
85-129
Within the fossil collection from the Sandelzhausen Lagerstatte in the Upper Freshwater Molasse near Mainburg, Germany, are remains of the schizotheriine chalicothere Metaschizotherium bavaricum. This new material
includes elements from a large part of the
body, and allows the entition and postcranial
skeleton of Metaschizotherium to be described
in detail for the first time.At approximately 16
Ma, M. bavaricum is now the best-known
Early and Middle Miocene European
schizotheriine and is important for comparative studies. It differs to some degree from
earlier Miocene (MN2-MN4) European material attributed to Moropus sp. or Metaschizotherium wetzleri and to a larger degree
from the Late Miocene species Ancylotherium
pentelicum.
At Sandelzhausen, M. bavaricum apparently
lived in a moistforested environment, where it
probably fed on leaves, fruit, and seeds.
2010030476
利用磨损法揭示德国 Sandelzhausen 产地
MN 5 地点 Metaschizotherium bavaricum
的食性 = The diet of Metaschizotherium bavaricum (Chalicotheriidae, Mammalia) from
the MN 5 of Sandelzhausen (Germany) implied by the mesowear method. (英文). Schulz
E;
Fahlke
J
M.
Palaeontologische
Zeitschrift, 2009, 83(1): 175-181
In this study, the mesowear method is applied to 11 upper premolars and molars of M.
bavaricum from the Upper Freshwater Molasse locality of Sandelzhausen (MN 5). With
this method the amount of abrasive and attritive dental wear is investigated and thus it
provides a time-averaged signature of food
abrasiveness of ungulates. Principal components analysis is performed on mesowear variables of M. bavaricum.This species is found to
classify closest to extant mixed feeding ruminants. This indicates that the diet of M. bavaricum essentially included nonabrasive browse
but also a certain amount of aabrasive plant
material.
2010030477
最早的 Moschus 属以及它们在说明麝科演
化与亲缘关系上的重要意义 = The earliest
musk deer of the genus Moschus and their
significance in clarifying of evolution and relationships of the family Moschidae. (英文).
Vislobokova I A; Lavrov A V. Paleontological Journal, 2009, 43(3): 326-338 4 图版.
Moschus grandaevus Schlosser, the most
ancient musk deer, is recorded from two Late
Miocene localities in the south of Eastern Siberia, Olkhon Island (Lake Baikal) and Taralyk-Cher near Kyzyl (Tuva). The morphological study of the species elucidates the origin,
evolution, and relationships of the genus Moschus and the entire family Moschidae. A new
classification of the Moschidae is proposed.
2010030478
介绍：来自纽约州的美洲乳齿象是最具权
威的例证 = Introduction: New York State as
a locus classicus for the American mastodon.
(英文). Allmon Warren D; Nester Peter L;
Chiment John J. Palaeontographica Americana, 2008, (61): 5-12
The first mastodon bones noted by Europeans were collected in New York in 1705, and
the first relatively complete skeletons were
excavated in the Hudson River Valley in the
1790s. At least 10% of all known mastodons
in the U. S. have come from New York. The
137
state has thus played a central role in the long
evolution of knowledge about Mammut
americanum (Kerr, 1792), contributing to the
unique importance of this extinct species in
human understanding of past life. Between
1999 and 2001, three late Pleistocene mastodon sites in New York state were excavated
by the Paleontological Research Institution
and Cornell University. Radiocarbon ages for
these finds range between 10,780 and 11,560
C-14 yr BP. Taken together, they add significantly to our knowledge of mastodon paleoenvironments, taphonomy, and paleobiology, as well as public educational outreach
and Museum exhibition.
2010030479
美国纽约州三个更新世化石点中乳齿象和
猛犸象的舌骨成分 = Hyoid elements from
mammut and mammuthus from three Pleistocene sites, New York, U. S. A.. (英文). Shoshani Jeheskel; Marchant Gary H. Palaeontographica Americana, 2008, (61): 85-110
The hyoid apparatus of proboscideans consists of five bones: a pair of stylohyoidea, a
pair of thyrohyoidea, and an unpaired basihyoideum. They are found in the gular (throat)
region and connected to the base of the tongue
below and to the cranium above. The hyoid
apparatus also supports the end piece of the
trachea and the larynx. Hyoid bones are often
overlooked in dissections of elephants, and
remains of preserved skeletal material of extinct taxa rarely include this apparatus. Material collected from the Hyde Park, Gilbert, and
North Java Pleistocene sites in New York includes a complete hyoid apparatus (a rare find)
and a pair of stylohyoidea of the American
mastodon [Mammut americanum (Kerr, 1792)]
Plus one left stylohyoideum and two thyrohyoidea of a mammoth [possibly Mammuthus
columbi (Falconer, 1857)]. Easily observed
differences between the hyoid apparati of
Mammut and Mammuthus include the presence of the posterior ramus in the stylohyoids
of Mammuthus and more robust bones in
Mammut. The posterior ramus serves for the
attachment of the digastric muscle (based on
musculature of living elephants). M. americanum might have had a slightly longer
tongue than that of Mammuthus - 84-98 cm vs.
70-75 cm. Using their flexible trunks and
tongues, these extinct proboscideans could
browse on leaves up to seven meters above
ground level. In living elephants the hyoid
apparatus supports a pouch used as a resonating chamber, and also as an area to store water
for drinking or dousing in time of stress. Herd
members of both Mammut and Mammuthus
could communicate with others through infrasonic calls, over a distance of a few kilometers
(production of infrasonic calls involves the
large larynx and its extrinsic muscles that are
attached to the hyoid apparatus). It is hypothesized that the hyoid apparati of extinct American mastodons and mammoths functioned
similarly to those of extant elephants. Based
on hyoid characters, it is suggested that
Mammut americanum Occupies a more basal
(primitive) position on a cladogram than
Mammuthus columbi.
2010030480
Balearic 地区已灭绝睡鼠 Hypnomys morpheus 的下颌骨形态测量, 齿微磨模式和古
生 物 学 = Mandible morphometrics, dental
microwear pattern, and palaeobiology of the
extinct Balearic Dormouse Hypnomys morpheus. (英文). Hautier L; Bover P; Alcover J
A; Michaux J. Acta palaeontologica Polonica, 2009, 54(2): 181-194
Hypnomys morpheus is a giant endemic
dormouse from the Pleistocene deposits of
Mallorca and Menorca (Balearic Islands,Spain). The present paper aims to interpret the morphological divergence between
the mandibles of Hypnomys and of its extant
relative Eliomys, the outline of the mandible
being used as a marker of the morphological
divergence. By comparison with the mandible
of Eliomys, the more massive mandible of
Hypnomys has recorded an ecological shift of
the insular lineage towards a more abrasive
diet, including hard vegetable matter, and a
different niche. A microwear analysis of the
teeth of Hypnomys was simultaneously performed as it can shed light on the diet, and is
independent from the comparison of the mandibles. Hyupnomys possibly ate harder food
items than Eliomys, and likely occupied most
of the island environments. Hypnomys appears
to have differentiated from its ancestral type
toward a more generalized morphology because of the lack of competitors.
2010030481
阿根廷巴塔哥尼亚晚白垩世 La Colonia 组
新的哺乳动物化石 = New mammalian remains from the Late Cretaceous La Colonia
Formation, Patagonia, Argentina. ( 英 文 ).
Rougier G W; forasiepi A M; Hill R V; Novacek M. Acta palaeontologica Polonica, 2009,
54(2): 195-212
138
Here we describe now mammalian remains
collected in outcrops of the La Colonia Formation exposed in Chubut Province, Argentina, warranting the recognition of a new mesungulatid: Coloniatherium cilinskii gen. et sp.
nov. This species si recognized by the dentition and lower jaw, and we assign five isolated
petrosal bones, focusing our study primarity
on the analysis of the ear regions. The morphology of the petrosals suggests a phylogenetic position similar to Vincelestes, but sharing some derived features, possibly convergent, with therians.
2010030482
德国南部早渐新世裂隙充填物中的 Plesiosoricid 类, 兼评 plesiosoricid 的系统发育 =
Plesiosoricids from early Oligocene fissure
fillings in South Germany, with remarks on
plesiosoricid phylogeny. ( 英 文 ). Ziegler R.
Acta palaeontologica Polonica, 2009, 54(3):
365-371
The plesiosoricis from two fissure fillings
are described. All belong to Butselia biveri.
Mohren 12 correlates with the early Oligocene
standard level Soumailles, corresponding to
the Paleogene mammal unit MP 21, and
Mohren 13 with the standard level Villebramar, which corresponds to MP 22. These
occurrences represent the first record of the
genus Butselia in Germany. A review of the
known plesiosoricid species and a cladistic
analysis of Butselia and Plesiosorex are presented. It shows the basal position of Butselia
with respect to plesiosorex, and the basal position position of Plesiosorex soricinoides with
respect to the other Plesiosorex species.
2010030483
英国南部早白垩世 Eobaatar 属一新种 = A
new species of the plagiaulacoid multituberculate mammal Eobaatar from the Early Cretaceous of southern Britain. (英文). Sweetman S
C. Acta palaeontologica Polonica, 2009,
54(3): 373-384
This study resulted in the recovery of a
number of new specimens representing an assemblage of at least six taxa. Among these are
a well-preserved plagiaulacoid multituberculate left m1 and a similarly preserved left 13.
The former permits diagnosis of a new species
of eobaatarid, Eobaatar clemensi sp. nov. The
previously recovered left m2 is also tentatively assigned to the same taxon.
2010030484
新的基干单弓类支持兽孔类劳亚大陆起源
说 = New basal synapsid supports Laurasian
origin for therapsids. (英文). Liu Jun; Rubidge
B; Li Jinling. Acta palaeontologica Polonica, 2009, 54(3): 393-400
The distant evolutionary ancestry of mammals is documented by a rich therapsid fossil
record. While sphenacodontid long standing
morphological and temporal gap in their fossil
record. We describe a new large predatory
synapsid, Raranimus dashanhankouensis gen.
et sp. nov., from the Middle Permian of
Dashankou in China which has a uniquecombination of therapsid and sphenacodontid features. This specimen is of great significance as
it is a basal therapsid which is the sister taxon
to all other therapsids. The fact that it was
found in association with Early Permian
tetrapods suggests that it is the oldest therapsid and provides the first evidence of therapsid-bearing rocks which cover Olson's Gap. It
further supports that therapsids may hav had a
Laurasian rather than Gondwanan origin.
2010030485
江苏泗洪早中新世下草湾组仓鼠科化石 =
Cricetid Rodents From The Early Miocene
Xiacanwan Formation, Sihong, Jiangsu. ( 英
文). 邱铸鼎. 古脊椎动物学报 , 2010, 48(1):
27-47
描述了 20 世纪 80 年代在江苏泗洪早中
新世下草湾组采集的 5 属 5 种仓鼠类动物
化石，其中包括 1 新属和 4 新种，即
Eumyarioninae 亚科的 Alloeumyarion sihongensis gen ． et sp ． nov ． ，
Cricetodontinae 亚科的 Cricetodon wanhei
sp ． nov ． ， Copemyinae 亚 科 的 Primus
pusillus sp ． nov ． 和 Democricetodon
suensis sp ． nov ． ， 以 及
Megacricetodontinae
亚
科
的
Megacricetodon sinensis Qiu et al ． ，
1981 。 Cricetodon ， Democricetodon 和
Megacricetodon 属 常 见 于 早 、 中 新 世 地
层，并有较广泛的地理分布；Primus 属仅
发现于印度次大陆下中新统；新属
Alloeumyarion 可能与 Eumyarion 属有较接
近的亲缘关系。泗洪发现的仓鼠是该哺乳
动物群中种类最多、材料最丰富的一类啮
齿动物。泗洪地点位于现代东洋界与古北
界的过渡地带，这一化石组合的出现为我
国中新世哺乳动物地理及其演变的研究提
供了有用的证据。根据仓鼠类化石的研
究，下草湾组的时代很可能属于早中新世
139
晚期，或者是中国陆相哺乳动物时代的山
旺期，大体相当于欧洲陆相哺乳动物时代
的奥尔良期或 MN4 带的时代。这些新属和
新种的特征如下：异美鼠（新属）
（ Alloeumyarion gen．nov）：美鼠亚科
中个体中等者。牙齿低冠；齿尖中度鼓
胀、趋于脊形。上臼齿三根，内谷前指
向，原脊和后脊近横向平行排列，无前尖
后刺；MI 前叶前后向伸长，前边尖简单，
有宽大的后边谷，但无前脊刺；M2 的原脊
稍前指向，舌侧与原尖前边连接；M3 的后
部明显退化。下臼齿双根，下外谷横向、
近对称；ml 下前边尖简单，下前脊单一，
下原尖和下次尖的后臂不很发育；m2 无下
次尖后臂。万合古仓鼠（新种）
（ Cricetodon wanhei sp．nov．）：个体
中等大小。M1 和 M2 四齿根，在早期磨蚀
的牙齿中有清楚的后边谷，但外脊发育
弱；M1 的前边尖简单或略微分开；M2 前
边脊舌侧支模糊；M3 冠面近圆形，多数牙
齿的内谷为连接原尖和次尖的脊封闭，时
见原脊后刺；m1 具双下后脊和短的下中
脊；m3 与 m2 等长或比 m2 稍大，具短的
下前边脊舌侧支。细先鼠（新种）
（ Primus pusillus sp ． nov ． ） ： 个 体
小。M1 的前叶前后向较短，前边尖和前边
脊弱，原脊略后指与原尖后臂连接，后脊
稍前指与次尖前臂相连；m1 具较宽且呈刀
形的前边尖，下次脊前指向。苏众古仓鼠
（ 新 种 ） （ Democricetodon suensis
sp．nov．）：个体中等大小，颊齿低冠，
齿尖和齿脊较弱，臼齿中脊的长度一般在
中长至长之间，上臼齿的双原脊不甚发
育。M1 的前边尖简单而窄，原尖前臂和原
脊Ⅱ间常有一脊相连；M2 的后脊横向或稍
前 向 ； M2 和 M3 多 具 “ 轴 脊 ”
（“axioloph”）；m1 的下前边尖单一而窄
小；多数 m1 和 m2 有下外中脊；m3 的下
中脊通常显著。
2010030486
内蒙古宝格达乌拉晚中新世副竹鼠化石 =
Pararhizomys （Rodentia, Mamalia） From
The Late Miocene Of Baogeda Ula, CentralL
Nei Mongol. (英文). 李强. 古脊椎动物学
报, 2010, 48(1): 48-62
描述了 1996～2007 年间在内蒙古阿巴嘎
旗晚中新世宝格达乌拉组采集的副竹鼠化
石。材料包括下颌骨 1 件、牙齿 14 枚和肢
骨 4 件，分别采自该组的 2 个地点。根据
标本较大的尺寸、形态特征，以及颊齿的
釉质曲线高度，宝格达乌拉材料被归入三
趾马层副竹鼠 Pararhizomys hipparionum
Teilhard de Chardin ＆ Young ， 1931 。
Pararhizomys 是一类具高冠、脊形和冠面
构造简单颊齿的啮齿动物。该属目前发现
的化石地点少，材料也不多，主要集中于
中国北方和蒙古高原周缘，其地史分布为
晚中新世早期至上新世中期。与鼢鼠类
（siphneids）和鼠平类（arvicolids）一样，
Pararhizomys 属的颊齿有由低冠到高冠发
展的趋势，具体表现为牙齿侧面釉质曲线
（dentine tract）由平直、远离内外两侧谷
底到起伏、接近甚至超过内外两侧谷底。
为方便比较，本文为釉质曲线的高度设立
“H”指数，即从每侧最深谷的谷底和釉质曲
线的最高处取平行于冠面的平行线，此两
平行线之间的垂直距离为“H”。H 值越大，
表明齿冠越低，反之则齿冠越高。尽管目
前发现的副竹鼠标本不多，但似乎可以看
到从早期到晚期，其颊齿的个体有从小变
大，釉质曲线高度 H 值逐渐减小，即齿冠
逐渐增高的趋势。由于 Pararhizomys 的牙
齿形态多少与竹鼠类的低冠竹鼠
Brachyrhizomys 和竹鼠属 Rhizomys 及拟速
掘鼠属 Tachyoryctoides 有相似之处，故
常被与 Brachyrhizomys 和 Rhizomys 一起
归入竹鼠科（Rhizomyidae），但该属的牙
齿不具中脊和下中脊，褶沟少，一般为 2-3
个，与上述三属有明显的不同。本文对下
门 齿 所 作 的 切 片 观 察 也 表 明 ，
Pararbizomys 的 釉 质 层 结 构 与
Brachyrhizomys
，
Rhizomys
和
Tachyoryctoides 者 相 差 甚 远 ， 其 内 层
（PI）明显增厚，釉柱和釉柱间质（IPM）
的排列方式存在明显差别．．颊齿的冠
高、冠面形态，以及下门齿的釉质层结
构，似乎都表明了 Pararhizomys 属不大可
能 归 人 竹 鼠 科 或 速 掘 鼠 科
（Tachyorictoididae）。而下门齿釉质层切
片显示了 Brachyrhizomys 与 Rhizomys 有
着高度相似的釉质结构，进一步证明了两
者有较接近的亲缘关系。地理分布上，
Pararhizomys 与 Tachyoryctoides 属只发
现于古北区，伴生的哺乳动物显示了其可
能适应偏冷、干旱的草原环境，而
Brachyrhizomys 和 Rhizomys 主要局限于东
洋区，共生的哺乳动物多能适应温暖、湿
润的树林环境。
2010030487
140
河北秦皇岛柳江盆地中更新世野兔一新种
= A New Species Of Lepus （Lagomorpha,
Mammalia ） From The Middle Pleistocene
Of The Liujiang Basin In Qinhuangdao Of
Hebei Province, China. (中文). 王薇;张云翔;
李 永 项 ; 弓 虎 军 . 古 脊 椎 动 物 学 报 , 2010,
48(1): 63-70
在河北秦皇岛柳江盆地山羊寨附近中更
新世洞穴堆积中发现一种小型野兔化石：
秦 皇 岛 兔 Lepus qinhuangdaoensis
sp．nov．，该种以其个体小、p3 后外褶沟
深达内侧齿缘或贯穿整个齿冠面、部分标
本 p3 具有釉岛及前内褶沟等特征区别于其
他已知种。它是迄今为止所知的体形最小
的野兔。
2010030488
山西垣曲原蹄犀（犀科，奇蹄目，哺乳
纲 ） 化 石 = Primitive Rhinocerotid Fossil
From The Middle Eocene Of Yuanqu Basin,
Shanxi. ( 中 文 ). 黄 学 诗 . 古 脊 椎 动 物 学
报, 2010, 48(1): 76-78
石坡是垣曲盆地近年来新发现的化石
点，产有丰富的哺乳动物化石，多数已被
报道（黄学诗等，1999；Zhang et al．，
2001；刘丽萍、黄学诗，2002；黄学诗、
王景文，2002；Dawson et al．，2003；黄
学诗，2004），本文仅对其中的奇蹄目原
蹄犀类化石予以简单记述，它的发现为垣
曲盆地始新世动物群增加了新成员。
2010030489
内蒙古下渐新统梳趾鼠类一新属 = Ageitonomys Neimongolensis gen.et sp. nov.
（ Ctenodactyloidea, Rodentia, Mammalia ）
From Early Oligocene Of Nei Mongol, China.
( 中 文 ). 王 伴 月 . 古 脊 椎 动 物 学 报 , 2010,
48(1): 79-83
1988—1989 年中同科学院古脊椎动物与
古人类研究所与中国人民解放军某给水部
队联合考察队在对内蒙古阿拉善左旗乌兰
塔塔尔地区的红层进行考察时，在克克阿
木地点的下部红层中发现了一些哺乳动物
化石，并称该动物群为克克阿木哺乳动物
群（王伴月、王培玉，1991）。其中，有
几件小哺乳动物化石可能代表梳趾鼠类一
新属、种。现给予描述报道。
2010030490
内蒙古中部新发现的始施氏貘（哺乳纲，
奇 蹄 目 ） 头 骨 材 料 = Newly Discovered
Schiosseria Magister （Lophialetidae, Peris-
sodactyla, Mammalia） Skulls From Central
NeiI Mongol, China. (英文). 李萍;王元青. 古
脊椎动物学报, 2010, 48(2): 119-132
记述了产自内蒙古呼和勃尔和剖面阿山
头 组 的 始 施 氏 貘 （ Schlosseria
magister ）幼年头骨、头骨碎片及产自额
尔登敖包底 F1 层的 S．magister 成年头
骨。幼年头骨在脊齿貘科属首次描述，成
年头骨材料也是目前 S．magister 中首次
描述。幼年头骨主要特征如下：头骨细
长，脑颅部略有扩张，有眶后突，眶后收
缩明显，矢状脊轻微发育；鼻切迹浅，位
于前臼齿列之前，由前颌骨和鼻骨构成；
眼眶大，眶前缘位于 M1 后部上方，眶下
孔位于 DP3—4 之上；基蝶骨向后向巾央逐
渐加厚，末端隆起；翼蝶骨很大，从腹面
看向后向背侧扩展，末端形成 j 角形的翼蝶
骨突，覆盖在卵圆孔上；岩骨岬部表面有
内颈动脉及其分支留下的 3 条沟痕；最内
侧的为内颈动脉内侧沟，沿着岬部弯曲前
行至最前部；镫骨动脉沟短小，横跨在圆
窗前腹侧；岬动脉沟最长，起始于卯圆窗
前内侧，沿岬部向前延伸；弓形下窝所在
位置平滑，无凹陷。S．magister 乳颊齿主
要特征如下：DP2 冠面大致呈三角形，前
窄后宽，前缘较尖，长明显大于宽；外脊
上仅有一个中央主尖前尖，一个非常不明
显的小棱（可能为雏形的原脊）紧贴在前
尖后舌侧壁上；前、后附尖不明显。DP3
冠面呈梯形，与 DP2 相比明显增大，亚臼
齿化，前附尖和后附尖略大，原、后脊明
显。前尖大，后尖尚未分离；原尖很弱，
几乎无法辨认，原脊低且不发育；次尖大
而钝，比原尖更靠舌侧，后脊比原脊略发
育，中部具小的后小尖；后脊在次尖处拐
向后唇侧，使得磨蚀面呈 V 形。DP4 冠面
近方形，完全臼齿化，后尖已从外脊上分
化出来，比前尖稍小，向舌侧倾斜，后尖
肋明显；舌侧尖、脊发育完好，原尖和次
尖大而钝，原脊、后脊近乎平行，比 DP3
的更高更长；两条脊分别在原尖和后尖处
拐向后唇侧方，形成 V 形的磨蚀面。
S．magister 在南幼年向成年转变的过程
中，主要变化趋势如下：1）吻部特征不
同，主要表现为鼻切迹的位置、形态以及
与之相关的前颌骨、上颌骨形态的差异。
幼年头骨的鼻切迹位于前臼齿列之前，由
前颌骨和鼻骨组成；成年头骨的鼻切迹后
缩至 MI-2 之上，由鼻骨和上颌骨组成，并
且冈鼻切迹后缩造成鼻骨不与前颌骨接
触。幼年和成年个体上颌骨的整体形态，
141
眶前窝、眶下孔的位置和形态都差异显
著？2）与咀嚼功能相关的结构改变。幼年
个体的矢状脊微弱，而成年个体的则高且
突起，暗示了后者具有相对强大的颞肌，
以适应咀嚼功能。对比发现，S．magister
与 Lophialetes expeditus 成年头骨在大
小、整体形态和一些具有分类意义的特衙
上（如鼻骨和泪骨、前颌骨的接触方式，
眶后突、关节后突、下颌关节窝的形状，
矢状脊的高度等）非常接近？参照童永
生、雷奕振（1984）对脊齿貘类头骨的划
分方法，将 Schlosseria magister 的头骨
与 L．expeditus 的划为一组，同时纠正了
原有划分方案中存在的问题。
2010030491
内蒙古二连盆地努和廷勃尔和剖面阿山头
组底部鼠齿类一新属 = Erlianomys Combinatus, A Primitive Myodont Rodent From The
Eocene Arshanto Formation, Nuhetingboerhe,
Nei Mongol, China. (英文). 李茜;孟津. 古脊
椎动物学报, 2010, 48(2): 133-144
努和廷勃尔和剖面位于内蒙古二连市西
南 40kin 的呼和勃尔和地区，依据沉积间断
可以将 50m 厚的地层分为脑术根组和阿山
头组，地层时代从巾古新世到中始新世。
存阿山头组下部层位中发现大量的啮齿类
化石，其中一类原始的鼠齿类在此被命名
为一个新的属种：Erlianomys combinatus
gen．et sp．nov．（综合二连鼠）。其主
要牙齿特征为：齿冠低，主尖较为发育，
连接各尖的脊简单、细弱：有 P4，m1 有
前压痕也表明有一个小的 p4 或者 dp4.M1
和 M2 大小相当。臼齿 前齿带（下 前齿
带）明显，与原尖（下原尖）之间没有连
接或连接很弱。M1 和 M2 原尖后臂、后脊
和次尖前臂在中尖处相交。m1 的下前尖很
弱或缺失，下原尖与下后尖之间连接很
弱，基本为孤立的两个尖；m2—3 下次小
尖明显，下次脊短，有时直接与下次小尖
相连；下外脊低矮、不发育。上、下臼齿
都没有中脊或很弱。新属种的发现，为进
一步认识古近纪啮齿类的起源和演化提供
了新的证据。Erlianomys 与北美的 Elymys
和 亚 洲 的 Aksyiromys ， Primisminthus ，
Allosminthus，Palasiomp 都有很多相似的
特征，预示着它们可能有共同的祖先：在
牙齿形态上，Erlianomys 比巾始新世的其
他鼠齿类更为原始，可表明其产出层位即
阿山头组下部的时代要早于中始新世，可
能属于早始新世；其形态更接近亚洲的
Aksyiromys
，
Primisminthus
和
Allosminthus，而与北美的 Elymys 相差较
大.因此推测鼠齿类的共同祖先可能与
Erlianomys 更为相似，早始新世时在亚洲
起源，向其他大陆的迁移扩散不会晚于早
始新世晚期.
2010030492
中国更新世兔属化石两新种 = Two Pleistocene New Species Of Lepus （ Leporidae,
Lagomorpha） From China. (中文). 张兆群.
古脊椎动物学报, 2010, 48(2): 145-160
中国更新世兔属（ Lepus ）化石较为丰
富，尤其是周口店各化石地点产出了大量
的标本。但受条件的限制，缺乏对现生骨
骼标本的研究与对比，分类位置混乱或仅
鉴定为未定种。详细观察研究了中国科学
院动物研究所保存的现生兔属 8 种的 187
件头骨标本，归纳整理出 Lepus 各个种头
骨与牙齿特征的个体差异和年龄变化以及
稳定的特征。主要稳定特征包括：鼻骨基
本形态，如长度、前后相对宽度等；额骨
两侧凹陷深浅；眶上突上翘程度；颞窝的
深浅及宽度；成年个体上间顶骨愈合，或
不完全愈合；门齿前齿沟的形态及白垩质
充填的情况；门齿孔宽，腭桥长及翼内窝
宽度的比例关系；颧骨高度，浅层咬肌窝
及咬肌突腹面三角的形态（反映出咬肌的
发育程度）；吻部形态；下颌骨基本形态
（冠状突、上升支、齿隙骨体、颏孔位置
等）；颊齿基本形态等。在对现生标本观
察研究的基础上，详细描述了周口店第 13
地点的兔头骨及颅后骨骼，命名一新种德
氏兔 Lepus teilhardi sp．nov．。新种以
下列特征区别于已知兔属各种：颅全长平
均大于 90mm，眶上突轻微上翘，前支稍
短，后支发育；额骨两侧凹陷浅；咬肌突
腹面中等大小；颧弓浅层咬肌窝较深；翼
内窝宽度明显大于腭桥最小纵径；门齿孔
较细长；颞窝上突起较高；枕外结节向下
延伸成一低脊；听泡较大．外枕骨较宽，
顶视几乎覆盖岩乳骨及部分听泡；12 前齿
沟“V”字形，内、外两侧的前缘较平直且几
乎持平，充填少量白垩质；下颌骨冠状突
倾斜。陕西蓝田陈家窝子发现的翁氏兔也
归入该种内。将山东淄博孙家山发现的标
本 命 名 为 淄 博 兔 Lepus ziboensis
sp．nov．。该种门齿前齿沟浅窄，充填白
垩质；齿隙明屁较长；腭桥较长；翼内窝
宽度与腭桥长度近乎相等；P2 外前褶沟窄
浅，内前褶沟亦较浅；p3 在 1 件标本上可
142
见较浅的前内褶沟。根据共生动物群分
析，淄博兔的时代为早更新世晚期，参照
测年数据德氏兔的时代可能从早更新世晚
期至中更新世早期。
2010030493
线性回归法复原化石标本中的残缺数据 =
Recovering The Missing Data Of Defective
Fossil Specimens Using Linear Regression
Method. (英文). 王世骐;邓涛. 古脊椎动物学
报, 2010, 48(2): 161-168
基于多元统计分析中对样本完整性的要
求，为了在分析中不抛弃大量不完整的化
石标本或者不大大减少变量，创建了一种
恢复标本残缺数据的方法。本方法基于线
性回归理论，假设同类标本个体之间的区
别仅仅是大小的区别，形状的区别可以忽
略不计，因此，在同类标本中，可以用一
件标本的已知测量数据预测另一件标本的
残缺测量数据。在多件标本的情况下，对
某件标本的某个残缺数据的预测结果是用
其他标本分别进行预测所得值的加权平
均，加权系数的选取与每件标本的保存完
好程度相关。用现生马属头骨及肢骨标本
做的数据试验证明，该方法具有良好的稳
定性，对标本的种类、数量及残缺值的多
少均不敏感，对于尺寸较大的标本或数值
较大的数据的预测效果要比对尺寸较小的
标本或数值较小的数据的预测效果要好。
与传统的线性回归方法的不同之处在于，
本方法利用的是样本（即标本）间的线性
相关性，传统方法利用的是变量（即测量
项）间的线性相关性。在通常情况下，样
本间的线性相关程度要优于变量间的线性
相关程度。本方法简单实用，在对化石标
本进行统计分析，特别是多元统计分析中
具有良好的应用前景。
2010030494
肯 尼亚西 北部 晚渐新 世哺 乳动物 群 = A
Mammalian Fauna from the Late Oligocene of
Northwestern Kenya. (英文). Rasmussen D T;
Gutierrez M. Palaeontographica Abt.A, 2009,
288(1-3): 1-52
Mammalian fossils have been collected
over several decades by teams associated with
the Kenya National Museums from two sites
in northwestern Kenya, Losodok and Benson's
Site. Geological work in the area has determined that Losodok is Late Oligocene in age
(BOSCHETTO et al. 1992); only one mammal
from Losodok has been previously discussed
in light of the age determinations, a catarrhine
primate (LEAKEY et al. 1995). In this paper,
we describe the rest of the mammals known
from these sites, which proves to be a fauna
consisting of at least 21 species in eight orders.
Recent field work during the summer of 2007
yielded more mammals from both of these
sites; additional mammal localities were found
near Benson's Site, prompting us to designate
the new region Nakwai. Several mammalian
species are shared between the Losodok sample and that from Nakwai, indicating that they
are about the same age. The mammalian faunas are distinctly Oligocene in their taxonomic
composition, consisting of African groups
previously known from the Early Tertiary
such as hyracoids, arsinoitheres, primitive
proboscideans,
thryonomyoid
rodents,
proviverrine and pterodontine creodonts, catarrhine primates, and anthracotheres. Immigrant mammals characteristic of the African
Early Miocene are conspicuously absent except for a small true carnivore of the genus
Mioprionodon, the earliest fossil record of
Carnivora in Africa. We formally describe two
new genera (Losodokodon,a proboscidean,
and Mlanyama, a creodont), and 8 new species
(of the genera Brachyhyrax, Tbyrobyrax,
Meroebyrax, Diamantomys, Mioprionodon,
and the two new genera). Several other species are informally described and discussed
but not named in this paper, and we also make
new comparisons regarding Kamoyapitbecus,
the only species from Losodok previously
named (LEAKEY et al. 1995). The new fauna
is transitional between earlier Oligocene
mammal faunas of Africa (known from Ethiopia, Egypt, and several other countries) and
the Early Miocene faunas of East Africa. Several taxa are morphological intermediates, and
potential phylogentic links, between early Tertiary forms and Miocene taxa; these include
the proboscidean Losodokodon and the primate Kamoyapitbecus. Others represent the
earliest record for African groups otherwise
known in the Miocene (Brachyhyrax,
Afrobyrax, Meroebyrax, Prodeinotberium,
Diamantomys). Still others represent the latest
occurrence of taxa previously known from the
Early Tertiary (pachyhyracine hyracoids, Tbyrobyrax, Arsinoitberium). All taxa in the fauna
represent forms that could have evolved in situ
in Africa except for the new species of Mioprionodon, which is an immigrant from the
north. The new discoveries highlight the fact
that the faunal transition between archaic endemic mammals of the Early Tertiary and the
more modern Neogene faunas occurred during
143
a very short time interval at or near the Oligocene-Miocene boundary. We discuss the nature and importance of this transition, which
we designate the African Mid-Tertiary Event
(AMTE).
2010030495
法国南部晚始新世新种 Carcinella sigei 的
头 骨 形 态 = Cranial morphology of a new
apatemyid,Carcinella sigei n.gen.n.sp. (Mammalia, Apatotheria) from the late Eocene of
southern France. (英文). Von Koenigswald W;
Ruf I; Gingerich P D. Palaeontographica
Abt.A, 2009, 288(1-3): 53-91
An uncompressed cranium of a member of
the basal order Apatotheria is described as
Carcinella sigei n. gen. n. sp. It was found in
the "Phosphorites du Quercy" and is probably
late Eocene in age. The small or missing hypocone on the upper molars indicates a lineage
independent from Heterobyus, the only genus
so far known from the middle and upper Eocene of Europe. Micro-CT scans provide detailed insight into the nasal cavity and ear region. The turbinals are similar to those of
other macrosmatic small mammals. The cochlea of the inner ear shows ca. 2 turns and is
similar to those of many other small mammals.
The posterolateral corner of the cranium
formed by the mastoid exposure of the petrosaly is pronounced. The relative size of the
brain of Carcinella sigei, with an encephalization residual, ER, of about 0, was equivalent
to that expected for an average living terrestrial mammals and thus, larger than that of
most contemporary mammals. Most characteristics of the cranium of Carcinella sigei n. gen.
n. sp. are generalized for mammals and presumably primitive. The enlarged anterior incisors are certainly derived characteristics that,
together with elongated fingers (known from
skeletal finds), are related to a specific life
style: arboreal predators on wood-boring insect larvae. The relatively few derived characteristics shared with other mammals are little
help in identifying the sister group of Apatemyidae or in clarifying relationships to other
basal placental mammals.
2010030496
阿尔泰中部更新世的古老田鼠 = Ancient
voles (Arvicolinae, Cricetidae, Rodentia,
Mammalia) from the pleistocene of the central
Altai. (英文). Serdyuk N V. Paleontological
Journal, 2010, 44(3): 337-347 8 图版.
Early Pleistocene small mammals are found
in the Paleolithic site of Ust’-Kanskaya Cave
(central Altai, Russia). Descriptions, measurements, and figures of teeth of nine vole
species, Prolagurus ternopolitanus (Topachevsky, 1973), P. pannonicus (Kormos,
1930), Mimomys intermedius (Newton, 1881),
M. pusillus (Mehely, 1914), Allophaiomys
deucalion Kretzoi, 1969, A. pliocaenicus
Kormos, 1932, Microtus gregaloides (Hinton,
1923), Microtus hintoni (Kretzoi, 1941), and
Altaiomys ustkanicus Serdyuk et Tesakov,
2006, are provided.
2010030497
西印度 Kutch 地区始新世化石鲸年龄的锶
同 位 素 证 据 = The Indian subcontinent is
widely considered to be the birthplace of
whales (Cetacea), and the middle Eocene Harudi Formation of Kutch has long been known
to be a major source of early whales. The
Kutch cetaceans are of critical importance in
understandin. (英文). Ravikant V; Bajpai S.
Geological Magazine, 2010, 147(3): 473-477
The Indian subcontinent is widely considered to be the birthplace of whales (Cetacea),
and the middle Eocene Harudi Formation of
Kutch has long been known to be a major
source of early whales. The Kutch cetaceans
are of critical importance in understanding the
evolutionary transition of whales from land to
sea. Strontium isotope analysis of marine biogenic carbonates from the Harudi Formation
was conducted to obtain a numerical age of
the whale-bearing strata. Although the measured Sr-87/Sr-86 ratios (0.707742 to 0.707764)
correspond to two distinct age clusters of 4647.5 Ma or 41-42.5 Ma, we prefer the latter,
late Lutetian, age cluster.
古 人 类 学
古 人 类 学
2010030498
新石器时期饮食习惯，生物和社会特征：
法国埃罗“Le Crès”沉积研究 = Dietary behaviour, biological and social aspects during
the Neolithic period: The study of the “Le
Crès” (Hérault, France) settlement. (法文). Le
Bras-Goude G;Schmitt A;Loison G. Comptes
Rendus Palevol, 2009, 8(1): 79-91
The aim of this article is to present an anthropological and stable isotope study (carbon
and nitrogen) of 49 individuals from the Middle Neolithic population of Le Crès (Béziers,
Hérault, France). The age, sex, stature and
dental health were compared to the isotopic
results to determine the possible relationship
between diet and social behaviours. Results
144
show no links between these parameters and
the recorded isotopic variability. The study of
the dental health shows a high level of attrition, related to the diet and a feminine tendency for caries.
2010030499
人类化石的一个惊人的复原：Rochereil III
洞穴儿童的头颅的马格达连人的下颌骨 =
A surprising reconstitution of a human fossil:
The Magdalenian mandible of the child's skull
Rochereil III. (法文). Mafart B. Comptes Rendus Palevol, 2009, 8(4): 403-412
The fragmented pathological skull of a
young child was discovered in a Magdalenian
level in the Rochereil cave, Dordogne, France,
in 1939. The bony fragments were extracted
along with the surrounding soil, and completely cleaned in a laboratory. The mandible
has been wrongly reconstructed. Among the
nine teeth that are present on the mandible,
three deciduous molars are human teeth at
their correct places. Only one tooth in the incisor–canine block (the right deciduous lateral
incisor) is a human tooth, but it is incorrectly
positioned on the left side. The other incisors
and canines implanted in this child's mandible
originated from one or several young adult
reindeer. These small animal teeth were
probably mistaken for human pathological
teeth because the child's skull and mandible
showed several pathological lesions. The possibility of faulty reconstitution must be systematically considered when dealing with for
all human fossils which have been discovered
in the past.
2010030500
吉布提共和国旧石器时代早期新地点：中
阿法尔 Gobaad 盆地近期调查的初步结果 =
New sites from the Lower Paleolithic of the
Republic of Djibouti: Initial results from a
recent survey of the Gobaad Basin, Central
Afar. (法文). Harmand S; DeGusta D; Slimak
L; Lewis J; Melillo S; Dohmen I; Omar M.
Comptes Rendus Palevol, 2009, 8(5): 481-492
Previous research in the Republic of Djibouti resulted in two notable Paleolithic findings: the Oldowan elephant butchery site of
Barogali, excavated by J. Chavaillon and A.
Berthelet, and a Homo erectus/sapiens maxilla
described by L. de Bonis et al. These discoveries were made in the 1980s, and no paleoanthropological surveys have been conducted in
Djibouti in the following decades. In 2007, the
Mission archéologique et paléontologique
Afar Djibouti (MAPAD) carried out a new
survey of the Gobaad Basin and discovered
several new archaeological and paleontological sites attributed to the Lower Paleolithic.
Three sites in particular contain rich concentrations of lithic artifacts on the surface that,
based on field examination, can be attributed
to the Oldowan. Of these, the site of Chekheyti Issie 3 (CKI-3) is the largest, comprising
a surface of well over 100 m2 of abundant Oldowan lithics in spatial association with fossil
hippopotamus remains. The presence of lithic
refits, identified in an ad hoc fashion in the
field, suggests that the site was minimally disturbed. Further excavation and analysis of
CKI-3 should provide insight into carcass acquisition and processing by early hominids.
More generally, the newly discovered sites in
the Gobaad Basin will allow for the testing of
a range of hypotheses regarding both local and
regional variation in hominid technology, behavior, and subsistence strategies in the Lower
Pleistocene.
2010030501
法国普罗旺西部尼安德特古环境：对法国
沃克吕兹 Les Auzières 2 的贡献 = Neandertals paleoenvironment in Western Provence:
The contribution of Les Auzières 2 (Méthamis,
Vaucluse, France). (英文). Marchal F; Monchot H; Coussot C; Desclaux E. Comptes
Rendus Palevol, 2009, 8(5): 493-502
The site of Les Auzières 2 (Méthamis, Vaucluse) was excavated from 2001 to 2005. It
yielded an original and diverse fauna, unique
in southeastern France (Provence). The spectrum of large mammals comprises 14 species
including hyena, horse, ibex, woolly rhinoceros, giant deer and mammoth. Lithic artifacts
are rare but testify to the presence of a Mousterian industry. All of these remains derive
from layers that have been dated to 60 ± 10 ka
by ESR/U-series method. Les Auzières 2 is of
special importance for examining the issue of
human/carnivore interaction in the Pleistocene
since it has yielded a large assemblage of carnivore remains, and probably represents a
hyena den. The diverse fauna offers a more
comprehensive picture of Upper Pleistocene
biodiversity in southeastern France than that
usually provided by sites with a stronger anthropogenic signal.
历史地质学、地层学
古地理学、古气候学
2010030502
145
瑞典 Gotene 地区波罗的海冰湖水系沉积物
的新露头 = New exposures of Baltic Ice Lake
drainage sediments, Gotene, Sweden. (英文).
Johnson M D; Stahl Y; Larsson O; Seger S.
GFF, 2010, 132(1): 1-12
New exposures created during the construction of highway E20 near Gotene, Sweden,
reveal poorly sorted gravelly sand overlain
and underlain by varved clay. The stratigraphy
at Pellagarden consists of, from the bottom up,
striated gneiss, till, varved marine clay, the
gravelly sand unit, and varved marine clay.
The varves represent deglacial marine sediment deposited in 40-50 m deep water. The
gravelly sand unit contains graded bedding,
indistinct horizontal bedding, mud clasts and
interstitial mud. It is poorly sorted and poorly
organised. The unit has a pebble fabric indicating flow to the northwest. These characteristics and the great water depth suggest that
the gravelly sand was deposited from a hyperconcentrated traction current or from concentrated to hyperconcentrated density flows. We
interpret the gravelly sand bed to be sediment
deposited during the Baltic Ice Lake drainage
at around 10,000 14C years BP. The unit
likely represents rapidly deposited sediment at
the very start of the drainage and does not indicate the duration of the drainage event. The
bed was deposited during a single drainage
event rather than as a series of events over a
few weeks or months. Based on the number of
varves and regional ice retreat rates, the icemargin was 0.2 to 5km north of Gotene at the
time of the drainage. These sites represent the
first reported occurrences of the drainage
sediment in a stratigraphic sequence since the
work of Simon Johansson (1926, 1937, and
1941).
前 古 生 界
2010030503
岩石圈和生物圈的早期演化 = On the early
stages of the evolution of the geosphere and
biosphere. (英文). Dobretsov N L; Kolchanov
N A; uslov V V. Paleontological Journal, 2006, 40(4): S407-S424 7 图版.
The conditions necessary for the existence
of nucleic-protein life are as follows: the presence of liquid water, an atmosphere, and a
magnetic field (all of which protect from meteorites, abrupt changes in temperature, and a
flow of charged particles from space) and the
availability of nutrients (macro-and microelements in the form of dissolved compounds). In
the evolution of the geosphere, complex inter-
ference of irreversible processes (general cooling, gravitational differentiation of the Earth’s
interior, dissipation of hydrogen, etc.) with
cyclic processes of varying natures and periodicities (from the endogenic cycles “from
Pangea to Pangea” to Milankovitch cycles),
these conditions have repeatedly changed;
hence, in the coevolution of the geosphere and
biosphere, the vector of irreversible evolution
was determined by the geosphere. Only with
the appearance of the ocean as a global system
of homeostasis, which provided the maintenance and leveling of nutrient concentrations
in the hydrosphere, and the conveyor of nutrients from the mantle, “the film of life” could
begin its expansion from the source of the nutrients. Life itself is a system of homeostasis,
but not due to the global size and a vast buffer
capacity, but because of the high rate of reactions and presence of a program (genome) that
allowed its development (ontogeny) independent from the outside environment. The
early stages of the origin and evolution of the
biosphere (from the RNA-world to the development of the prokaryotic ecosystems) were
characterized by the domination of chemotrophic ecosystems. The geographical ranges of
these ecosystems were directly or indirectly
(through the atmosphere and hydrosphere) tied
to the sources of nutrients in the geosphere,
which were in turn connected to various
sources of volcanic and geotectonic activity
(geothermal waters, “black smokers” along
the rift zones, etc.). This gave the biosphere
consisting of chemotrophic ecosystems a mosaic appearance composed of separate local
oases of life. The decrease of methane and
accumulation of O2 in the atmosphere in the
geological evolution of the Earth caused the
extinction of chemotrophic ecosystems and
directed evolution of the biosphere toward
autotrophy. Autotrophic photosynthesis gave
the biosphere an energy source that was not
connected to the geosphere, and for the first
time allowed its liberation from the geosphere
by developing its own vector of evolution.
This vector resulted in the biosphere forming a
continuous film of life on the planet by capturing the continents and occupying pelagic and
abyssal zones, and the appearance of eukaryotes. The geosphere formed biogeochemical
cycles in parallel to the geochemical ones, and
comparable in the annual balances of participating matter.
2010030504
146
微生物生物圈 = Microbial biopshere. (英文).
Zavarzin G A. Paleontological Journal, 2006,
40(4): S425-S433
Evolution of the prokaryotic biosphere is
regarded from the system point of view. It
starts with the appearance of the first organisms, the ∼3.5 Ga date forming the boundary
between the observed and imagined biosphere.
The prokaryotic community dominated from
the Archean to the Mesoproterozoic. Prokaryotes make a sustainable community due to
the cooperative action of specialized forms.
The main route for establishing a community
is made by trophic links. The structure of the
trophic links in the prokaryotic community
making a trophic network is an invariant, with
secondary adaptive deviations. Material balance is the ultimate requirement for a long
living self-supporting system. The system of
biogeospheric cycles is dictated by the constancy of biomass composition establishing a
quantitative ratio between Corg:Norg:Porg. Biospheric processes are driven by the Corg-cycle.
Carbon assimilation is limited by the size of
the illuminated moist surface populated by
producers, meaning that Corg-production remains within an order of magnitude of 102
Gt/yr. Evolution of primary producers forms a
basis for the evolution of the biosphericgeospheric system, and cyanobacteria integrated as chloroplasts remain its driving force.
Decomposition of organic compounds is performed by organotrophic destructors, anacrobic being less effective. Destructors determine
the residual Corg accumulation. Recalcitrant
Corg remaining in the sedimentary record is
equilibrated by O2 and other oxidized compounds as Fe-oxides or sulfates. Geospheric
and biotic interactions include both direct and
biotically mediated processes; the most important is the weathering-sedimentation pathway.
Prokaryotic community makes a sustainable
frame into which all other more complex
forms of life fit. That makes the prokaryotic
biosphere a permanent essence of the whole
system. New participants might come in and
substitute functional components only when
they fit to the existing system. The evolution
of a large system is additive rather than substitutive. The message of this is; “we all originated from the cyanobacterial community.”
2010030505
前寒武纪地球生物学 = Precambrian geobiology. (英文). Rozanov A Yu. Paleontological Journal, 2006, 40(4): S434-S443 11 图版.
The appearance of Bacteria sensu lato, Eukaryota, Metaphyta, Metazoa, etc., along with
the oxygenization of the atmosphere, are
shown to have occurred much earlier than was
previously assumed. Paleontological data
clearly indicate that the difference between
surface temperature of the Earth in the Archaen and now was no more than 30°C.
2010030506
华北燕山地区中元古代高于庄组第三段非
叠层石前寒武纪碳酸盐序列的启示 = Implications of the Pprecambrian non-stromatolitic
carbonate succession making up the third
member of Mesoproterozoic Gaoyuzhuang
Formation in Yanshan area of north China.
(英文). Mei M X. Journal of China university
of geosciences, 2007, 18(3): 191-209
A particular non-stromatolitic carbonate
succession making up the third member of the
Mesoproterozoic Gaoyuzhuang Formation
might demonstrate that a stromatolite decline
of the Mesoproterozoic occurring at ca. 1 450
Ma besides other three events of the Proterozoic, respectively, occurred at ca. 2 000 Ma,
ca. 1 000 Ma, and ca. 675 Ma. The forming
duration of this non-stromatolitic carbonate
succession can be generally correlative to that
of a similar depositional succession in North
America, i.e. a non-stromatolitic carbonate
succession made up by the Helena Formation
of the Belt Supergroup, which suggests that
the stromatolite decline occurring at ca. 1450
Ma may be a global event. This information
endows the non-stromatolitic carbonate succession making up the third member of the
Gaoyuzhuang Formation in the Yanshan area
with important significance for the further understanding of Precambrian sedimentology.
The Mesoproterozoic Gaoyuzhuang Formation in Yanshan area is a set of more than
1000 m thick carbonate strata that can be divided into four members (or subformations).
The first member (or the Guandi subformation)
is marked by a set of stromatolitic dolomites
overlying a set of transgressive sandstones;
the second member (or the Sangshu'an subformation) is a set of manganese dolomites
with a few stromatolites; the third member (or
the Zhangjiayu subformation) is chiefly made
up of leiolite and laminite limestones and is
characterized by the development of molartooth structures in leiolite limestone; the
fourth member (or the Huanxiusi subformation) is composed of a set of dolomites of
stromatolitic reefs or lithoherms. Sequencestratigraphic divisions at two sections, i.e. the
147
Jixian Section in Tianjin and the Qiangou Section of Yanqing County in Beijing, demonstrate that a particularly non-stromatolitic succession making up the third member of the
Mesoproterozoic Gaoyuzhuang Formation is
developed in the Yanshan area of North China,
in which lots of grotesque matground structures (wrinkle structures and palimpsest ripples) are developed in beds of leiolite limestone at the Qiangou Section and lots,of molar-tooth structures are developed in beds of
leiolite limestone at the Jixian Section. The
time scale of the Gaoyuzhuang Formation is
deduced as 200 Ma (from 1600 Ma to 1400
Ma). The duration of an obvious hiatus between the Gaoyuzhuang Formation and the
underlying Dahongyu Formation is deduced as
50 Ma to 100 Ma, thus the forming duration of
the Gaoyuzhuang Formation is thought as 100
Ma (1 500 Ma to 1 400 Ma). Furthermore, the
age of the subface of the third member of the
Gaoyuzhuang Formation that is just in the mid
position of the Gaoyuzhuang Formation can
be deduced as about 1450 Ma, which is the
basis to infer a stromatolite decline of the
Mesoproterozoic occurring at ca. 1 450 Ma.
Importantly, several features of both the molar-tooth structure and the stromatolite, such
as the particular forming environment, the important facies-indicative meaning, and the episodic distribution in the earth history, might
express the evolutionary periodicity of the
surface environment of the earth and can provide meaningful clues for the understanding of
the Precambrian world, although their origin
and forming mechanism is highly contentious.
Therefore, like other three stromatolitic declines, respectively, occurring at ca. 675 Ma,
ca. 1 000 Ma, and ca. 2 000 Ma, the identification of the stromatolite decline occurring at ca.
1450 Ma during the Golden Age of stromatolites (2 800 Ma to 1000 Ma) has important
meaning for the further understading of the
evolving carbonate world of the Precambrian.
2010030507
现代生物地层中前寒武纪微体化石的重要
性 = The importance of Precambrian microfossils for modern biostratigraphy. ( 英 文 ).
Sergeev V N. Paleontological Journal, 2006,
40(Supplement 5): S664-S673 3 图版.
A new model of the distribution of Proterozoic microorganisms is developed, based on
studies of Riphean and Vendian silicified and
organic-walled microfossils from the reference sections of northern Eurasia, and on their
comparison with other known microfossil as-
semblages. Within the interval from 2.0 to
0.535 Ga, seven successive informal global
microphytological units (referred to as proterohorizons) are determined: (1) Labradorian
proterohorizon occupies the upper part of the
Lower Proterozoic (Paleoproterozoic), 2.0–
1.65 Ga; (2) Anabarian proterohorizon, Lower
Riphean-lower Middle Riphean (lower and
middle Mesoproterozoic), 1.65–1.2 Ga; (3)
Turukhanian proterohorizon, upper Middle
Riphean (upper Mesoproterozoic), 1.2–1.03
Ga; (4) Uchuromayan proterohorizon, lower
Upper Riphean (lower Neoproterozoic), 1.03–
0.85 Ga; (5) Yuzhnouralian proterohorizon,
upper Upper Riphean (upper Neoproterozoic
without Ediacaran); (6) Amadeusian proterohorizon, Lower Vendian (Ediacaran), 0.6–0.55
Ga; and (7) Belomoryan proterohorizon, Upper Vendian (Ediacaran), 0.55–0.535 Ga.
2010030508
瑞典西南部中元古代 Kungsbacka 双峰火
成岩的侵位年龄 = Emplacement ages of the
mid-Proterozoic Kungsbacka Bimodal Suite,
SW Sweden. (英文). Hegardt E A; Cornell D
H; Hellstrom F A; Lundqvist I. Paleontological Journal, 2007, 129(3): 227-234
Ion-microprobe U-Pb geochronological data
of zircon grains from three Mesoproterozoic
deformed granite plutons in the Western and
Median Segments of the Sveconorwegian
Province, SW Sweden give intrusion ages of
1336 +/- 10 Ma for the Askim Granite, 1311
+/- 8 Ma for the Karra Granite and >= 1304
+/- 6 Ma for the Gota Granite. In addition,
oscillatory zoned zircon grains in a pegmatite
dyke in the Karra Granite were dated at 1325
+/- 8 Ma, i.e. identical within analytical uncertainty with the age of the host granite. The
zircon grains from the pegmatite are interpreted as xenocrysts from the Karra Granite.
The plutons are part of a 1.34-1.30 Ga bimodal magmatic suite which we call the
Kungsbacka Bimodal Suite, forming a N-S
trending linear belt from Kungsbacka in the
south to Trollhattan in the north. Other possible members are the 1.32 Ga Ursand Granite,
the 1.33 Ga Hastefjorden Granite, the 1.31 Ga
Veddige Augen gneiss, the 1.33 Ga Stravalla
Augen gneiss and the 1.33 Ga Chalmers Mafic
Intrusion. The suite probably formed in a continental rift environment. This study demonstrates that the Kungsbacka Bimodal Suite,
which is restricted to the Western and Median
Segments, is younger than the 1.38 Ga Tjarnesjo and Torpa Granites in the Eastern Segment of the Sveconorwegian Province. This
148
difference indicates that the Mylonite Zone
may be interpreted as a first order Sveconorwegian tectonic boundary, separating crustal
segments with distinct pre-Sveconorwegian
histories. Metamorphic overgrowths on zircons from the Karra pegmatite are dated at
1043 +/- 11 Ma and confirm the age of Sveconorwegian metamorphism at 1.04 Ga in the
Western Segment. This study also documents
the occurrence of post-1.3 Ga penetrative deformation and high-grade metamorphism including partial melting in the Western and
Median Segments. It also proves that in some
areas it is impossible to distinguish postGothian from older units, based only on their
degree of deformation.
2010030509
瑞典东南部古元古代 Vastervik 盆地的元古
代和太古代碎屑锆石年龄：对沉积物源区
和时代的指示意义 = Proterozoic and Archaean ages of detrital zircon from the Palaeoproterozoic Vastervik Basin, SE Sweden:
Implications for provenance and timing of
deposition. ( 英 文 ). Sultan L; Claesson S;
Plink-Bjorklund P. GFF, 2005, 127(1): 17-24
Ages of detrital zircons, derived from Palaeoproterozoic metasedimentary rocks from
Finland and Sweden are poorly represented in
the presently exposed crust in the Baltic
Shield. This study reports U-Pb ages of detrital zircons from the Svecofennian Vastervik
Basin. 41 spots from 31 zircon crystals were
dated using U-Pb geochronology at the
NORDSIM ion microprobe in Stockholm.
Most analyses are concordant and the zircon
grains commonly display well-developed
magmatic oscillatory zoning. The ages documented are: &SIM; 3.64 Ga, 3.03-2.95 Ga,
2.72-2.69 Ga, 2.12-1.87 Ga and 1.84 Ga. 75%
of the grains are Palaeoproterozoic and 25%
are Archaean. Ages gained from Proterozoic
metasediments in Sweden, Finland, Svalbard,
Greenland and Great Britain also report a
large proportion of &SIM; 2.1-1.9 Ga and a
smaller proportion of Archaean zircons with
ages around 2.7 and 3 Ga. These age groups
probably represent major crust forming events.
The here presented results provide an estimate
of the time of deposition in the Vastervik Basin for the time interval of 1882-1850 Ma,
constrained by two concordant zircon analyses
of 1872 &PLUSMN; 24 and 1870 &PLUSMN;
12 Ma, and the newly presented 1859
&PLUSMN; 9 Ma age for the Loftahammar
granite that intrudes the metasedimentary succession in the north. The young detrital zircon
age of 1837 &PLUSMN; 22 Ma might suggest
that parts of the basin may be younger. As
input of detrital grains may occur from several
sources simultaneously (e.g. by rivers and by
tidal currents from a marine source), the detrital grains were sampled from different depositional environments. Main fluvial sediment
transport in the Vastervik Basin was from present north whereas the tidal sediment transport
was from the present south. The age groups
documented in the Vastervik Basin are poorly
represented in the presently exposed crust in
the Baltic Shield, but are represented in Sarmatia.
2010030510
西班牙新元古代末期到中寒武世化石记录
（三叶虫和古杯动物除外）以及它们的地
层学意义 = Latest Neoproterozoic to Middle
Cambrian body fossil record in Spain (exclusive of trilobites and archaeocyaths) and their
stratigraphic significance. (英文). FernandezRemolar D C. GFF, 2001, 123(2): 73-80
The chronostratigraphical aspects of four
Iberian non-trilobite and non-archaeocyathan
associations and the record of two separate
fossil occurrences are discussed. These fossils
are Cloudina and Platysolenites. The associations have been defined as the AnabarellaAldanella,
Arthropoda
-TannuolinaLatouchella, Alanis Fauna, and Hadimopanella-Archiasterella assemblages, They comprise a time span from the late Vendian to the
early Middle Cambrian. The existence of upper Vendian associations in the Rio Huso and
Ibor groups outcropping through Central
Iberia is indicated by the presence of Cloudina.
Its biostratigraphic overlapping with vendotaenids and Sabellidites may correlate it with
the Sabellidites-Vendotaenia assemblage. In
the upper member of the Rio Huso group
(Valdelacasa Anticline) and Upper Alcudian
strata (Alcudia Valley) the AnabarellaAldanella association has been found. It may
belong to the middle-upper Tommotian in the
Siberian Platform and Mongolia and also with
the upper Alcudian in Iberia. In the Sierra de
Cordoba area, Southern Spain, an ArthropodaTannuolina-Latouchella association has been
found in the Pedroche Formation, which has
been correlated with the late Tommotian to
early Atdabanian, based on problematical taxa,
archaeocyathid and trilobite stratigraphy.
Based on its trilobite associations, a middle
Marianian age for the Alanis Fauna and Platysolenites antiquissimus Eichwald, 1860 is established. The youngest association, the
149
Hadimopanella-Archiasterella association, has
been found in the lower pan of the Lancara
Formation of the Cantabrian Ranges. Owing
to a diachronism, there are only some localities where the griotte member starts in the
Eoparadoxides mureroensis Zone. However.
green glauconitic limestones, probably formed
during a sedimentary condensation, yield
Hadimopanella, so it could appear at the beginning of the Eoparadoxides mureroensis
Zone or at the end of the Bilbilian.
2010030511
瑞典西南部太古代和元古代早期锆石捕获
晶的离子探针发现 = Ion microprobe discovery of Archaean and Early Proterozoic zircon
xenocrysts in southwest Sweden. (英文). Cornell D; Areback H; Schersten A. GFF, 2000,
122(4): 377-383
A single zircon grain dated by ion probe
with a minimum age of 3432+/-30 Ma was
found in a microgranite dyke, which cuts
norite of 916+/-11 Ma Hakefjorden Complex
at Algon on the Swedish west coast north of
Gothenburg. Zircons are a rare accessory mineral in this dyke. They could be classified by
morphology as orthocrysts and xenocrysts.
Data from four orthocrysts show that the dyke
originated between 911+/-14 and 916+/-11
Ma, and was probably derived from the Hakefjorden Complex contact migmatite. Eight of
the dated grains are xenocrysts, probably derived from the Stora Le-Marstrand Formation.
They have Pb-207-Pb-206 minimum ages
from c.1451 to 3432+/-6 Ma, and the oldest
grain has a probable age of 3457+/-10 Ma,
derived from a discordia regression, with
445+/-38 Ma lower intercept reflecting Phanerozoic lead loss. This grain is the oldest yet
dated in Scandinavia. Together with six >1750
Ma zircon grains in both this sample and a
related Stora Le-Marstrand-derived sample, it
casts doubt on the prevailing model of incremental crustal growth in Scandinavia, southwestwards from an Archaean core in the
northeast of the Baltic Shield. These old ages,
together with published Sm-Nd data, also contradict the proposed origin of the Stora LeMarstrand Formation in an isolated oceanic
island are setting. It is more likely that it
formed on the eastern tin present-day terms)
margin of an Archaean continent, which did
not join Baltica till the Sveconorwegian orogenic cycle.
2010030512
瑞典北部 Vallen-Alhamn 地区的太古代-元
古 代 地 质 年 代 学 = Archaean-Proterozoic
geochronology of the Vallen-Alhamn area,
northern Sweden. (英文). Lundqvist T; Skiold
T; Vaasjoki M. GFF, 2000, 122(3): 273-280
A minor massif of approximately 2700 Ma
Archaean granodiorite and tonalite is exposed
in a Svecofennian environment at VallenAlhamn, near to the Archaean-Proterozoic
Palaeoboundary in northern Sweden. Close to
this massif occur conglomerate-like rocks (in
part interpreted as a magmatic, hydraulic
breccia) with fragments of Palaeoproterozoic
metavolcanites and granitoids as well as of the
Archaean granitoids. The present work comprises dating of the granitoids of the massif, c.
2700 and 1900 Ma granitoid fragments in two
occurrences of conglomerate-like rocks, and
the volcanogenic matrix of one of the conglomerate-like rocks. The age of igneouslooking zircons in the matrix (1871 +/- 2 Ma)
is interpreted to be close to the time of formation of the conglomerate-like rock, and points
to an Upper Svecofennian stratigraphic position. The bedrock of the Vallen-Alhamn area
is thus a unique example of Archaean rocks in
close geographic association with Upper Svecofennian supracrustal or shallow-level intrusive rocks.
2010030513
以瑞典元古代岩脉群为例谈地球化学数据
的多元统计分析法 = Multivariate statistical
analysis of geochemical data exemplified by
Proterozoic dyke swarms in Sweden. (英文).
Reyment R A. GFF, 1999, 121(1): 49-55
The multivariate statistical analysis of
chemical data in petrology and geochemistry
entails principles that are little known among
geological practitioners. Such data are compositional, and hence, lie in a sub-space of full
space, the simplex. The concept of productmoment correlation of full space cannot be
validly applied to them, because of the subcompositional incoherency of that statistic in
the simplex. A second type of problem concerns the stability of multivariate estimates.
Appropriate techniques, such as principal
component cross-validation, are discussed exemplified and contrasted with inappropriate
procedures using geochemical data on Swedish Proterozoic dyke swarms. Essential features of compositional covariance structure are
exemplified in an Appendix.
150
2010030514
瑞典中部芬兰系 Bothnian 盆地中火成岩和
火山岩的 U-Pb 年龄以及它们对古元古代盆
地演化的启示 = U-Pb ages of plutonic and
volcanic rocks in the Svecofennian Bothnian
Basin, central Sweden, and their implications
for the Palaeoproterozoic evolution of the Basin. (英文). Lundqvist T; Vaasjoki M; Persson
P O. GFF, 1998, 120(4): 357-363
New U-Pb age data on two early orogenic
granodiorites (ca. 1930 Ma) and one felsic
metavolcanite (1870 Ma) from the Svecofennian Bothnian Basin area of central Sweden
are presented. Combined with literature data
they suggest an extended, at least ca. 80 m.y.
long, evolution of this part of the Bothnian
Basin. Sedimentation started before 1950 Ma,
and continued up to at least 1870 Ma. Earlyorogenic plutonic activity started at ca. 1950
Ma, perhaps even earlier, and continued up to
ca. 1850-1840 Ma. Detrital zircons found in
low-grade greywackes of the region range in
age from ca. 1880 to 2020 Ma. According to
the tentative model suggested here, these zircons may emanate from granitoids intruded
into the greywacke sequence of the Bothnian
Basin. They were subsequently exposed to
erosion and included in upper parts of the
sedimentary column. These upper parts could
(statistically) be of a lower metamorphic grade
than older greywackes, which are generally
migmatized.
2010030515
瑞典中南部的 Svealand 东部和 Bergslagen
地区的古元古代瑞芬系变质火山岩的地层
学和沉积年龄 = Stratigraphies and depositional ages of Svecofennian, Palaeoproterozoic metavolcanic rocks in E-Svealand and
Bergslagen, south central Sweden. ( 英 文 ).
Lundstrom I; Allen R L; Persson P O; Ripa M.
GFF, 1998, 120(3): 315-320
A belt of Palaeoproterozoic, dominantly
felsic metavolcanic rocks occurs in southcentral Sweden. The volcanic rocks comprise
volcaniclastics, lavas and subvolcanic intrusions. The volcanic pile is more than 8 km
thick and overlies an unexposed basement.
Two new U-Pb zircon age determinations
provide precise control on the age of stratigraphically and volcanologically wellconstrained volcanic rocks in the belt. One age
determination from a pyroclastic flow deposit
at Uta in the easternmost part of the volcanic
belt yielded an age of 1904+/-4 Ma. Stratigraphic and depositional facies analyses show
that this rock marks the onset of volcanism in
the area. The igneous activity was coeval with
a change from deep water sedimentation to
shallow water and subaerial sedimentation in a
broadly continental setting. Another determination of zircons from a similar pyroclastic
flow deposit at the lowest known stratigraphic
level east of Hallefors in W. Bergslagen in the
westernmost part of the volcanic belt gave an
age of 1891+/-4 Ma. This age is consistent
with previously published ages for metavolcanic rocks in W. Bergslagen. The age of the
onset of volcanism in W. Bergslagen is not
possible to determine because the lowermost
sections of all known volcanic successions are
truncated by intrusive rocks. Consequently, it
is unknown whether volcanism also commenced around 1904 Ma in the western part of
the region, or if it commenced later, just prior
to 1891 Ma. The duration of volcanism also
remains to be constrained.
2010030516
深陆棚环境中地外因素撞击的的沉积记
录：来自早前寒武纪的证据 = The sedimentary record of extraterrestrial impacts in deepshelf environments: Evidence from the early
Precambrian. (英文). Hassler S W; Simonson
B M. Journal of Geology, 2001, 109(1): 1-19
Impact ejecta layers in four formations in
the Hamersley Basin (Western Australia) and
in one formation from the Transvaal Supergroup (South Africa) show striking evidence
for impact-related reworking. Each layer contains sand-sized spherules of a former silicate
melt that resemble those found in welldocumented impact layers. Given available
isotopic age dates of associated strata and uncertainties in stratigraphic correlation, these
layers represent a minimum of three and a
maximum of five impacts between ca. 2.49
and 2.63 Ga. All of these layers were deposited below wave base in deep-shelf environments, yet they show a common suite of sedimentary features indicating deposition and
reworking under high-energy conditions.
These features occur in a consistent order: (1)
extensive erosion, including the transport of
meter-scale rip-up clasts, (2) reworking by
waves, (3) synwave to postwave offshoredirected bottom return flow, and (4) later reworking by sediment gravity flows. We interpret the consistent association of erosion,
wave reworking, and bottom return flow as a
result of tsunami triggered by the impact. The
sediment gravity flows may have been triggered by impact or may occur much later. The
151
wave features in these layers indicate they are
the result of oceanic impacts, and their sedimentological similarities suggest a consistent
set of depositional processes that can be used
to recognize the distal ejecta layers of marine
impacts, particularly those deposited in deepshelf settings. Given the relatively rapid tectonic recycling of oceanic crust, such layers
probably constitute our best source of information on the frequency and effects of large
impacts in open-ocean basins.
2010030517
中元古代硫化物海洋，延迟的氧化作用和
早期生命的演化：印度元古代盆地硫同位
素证据 = Mesoproterozoic sulphidic ocean,
delayed oxygenation and evolution of early
life: sulphur isotope clues from Indian Proterozoic basins. (英文). Sarkar A; Chakraborty
P P; Mishra B; Bera M K; Sanyal P; Paul S.
Geological Magazine, 2010, 147(2): 206-218
Analyses of Sulphur Isotope compositions
in sedimentary pyrites from the Vindhyan,
Chattisgarh and Cuddapah basins show heavy
delta S-34 (> +25 parts per thousand) values
during the Mesoproterozoic. The data provide
evidence in Support of a hypothesized global
Proterozoic sulphidic anoxic ocean where very
low concentrations of marine sulphate, bacterially reduced in closed systems, produced
delta S-34 values in pyrites similar to or even
heavier than marine sulphate The extreme environmental conditions Induced by these anoxic oceans could have been responsible for
the delayed oxygenation of the biosphere and
retarded evolution of multicellular life
2010030518
英国南部已知最古老岩石的高精度 U-Pb 定
年新数据 = A new, high precision U-Pb date
from the oldest known rocks in southern Britain. (英文). Schofield D I; Millar I L; Wilby P
R; Evans J A. Geological Magazine, 2010,
147(1): 145-150
A new high precision U-Pb zircon age of
710.8 +/- 1.5 Ma for granophyric granitic rock
from the Stanner Hanter Complex of the
Welsh Borderland lies just within error of an
older Rb-Sr isochron age. epsilon Nd values
of -0.3 and -1.2 combined with T-DM of 1394
Ma and 1468 Ma indicate that the magma incorporated an older crustal source component.
The Nd data highlight differences with western Avalonia, the widely considered Late
Neoproterozoic north American counterpart to
southern Britain, and point toward a closer
similarity with other Peri-Gondwanan terranes
that incorporate older, cratonic source material.
2010030519
中国西南埃迪卡拉纪-寒武纪界线附近碳同
位素地层学：全球地层对比的意义 = New
carbon isotope stratigraphy of the EdiacaranCambrian boundary interval from SW China:
implications for global correlation. (英文). Li
D; Ling H F; Jiang S Y; Pan J Y; Chen Y Q;
Cai Y F; Feng H Z. Geological Magazine, 2009, 146(4): 465-484
The Yangtze Platform preserves relatively
thick carbonate successions and excellent fossil records across the Ediacaran-Cambrian
boundary interval. The intensely studied Meishucun section in East Yunnan was one of the
Global Stratotype Section candidates for the
Precambrian-Cambrian boundary. However,
depositional breaks were Suspected in the section and the first appearance of small shelly
fossils could not be verified. The Laolin section located in NE Yunnan is more Continuous and shows great potential for global correlation of carbon isotope features across the
Precambrian-Cambrian boundary However,
the stratigraphic framework and correlations
were controversial. We Studied and systematically sampled the Laolin section and present here new carbon isotope data for this section. The Laolin section consists of, in ascending order, the Baiyanshao dolostone of the
Dengying Formation, the Daibu siliceous
dolostone, Zhongyicun dolomitic phosphorite,
lower Dahai dolostone and upper Dahai limestone of the Zhujiaqing Formation, and the
black siltstone of the Shiyantou Formation.
Our data reveal a large negative delta C-13
excursion (-7.2 parts per thousand, L1') in the
Daibu Member, which matches the previously
published data for the Laolin section, and a
large positive excursion (+3.5 parts per thousand, L4) in the Dahai Member, which was
not shown in the published data. The excursion L1' correlates well with the similarly
large negative excursion near the first appearance of small shelly fossils in Siberia and
Mongolia. Similar magnitude, excursions are
also known from Morocco and Oman, for
which there are no robust fossil constraints but
from where volcanic ash beds have been dated
precisely at 542 Ma, thus confirming a global
biogeochemical event near the EdiacaranCambrian boundary. Our data also indicate
that deposition was more continuous at the
Laolin section compared with the Meishucun
section, where there are no records of a com152
parable negative excursion near the EdiacaranCambrian boundary, nor any comparable positive excursion ill the Dahai Member. Therefore, the Laolin section has proven potential to
be a supplementary Global Stratotype Section
for the Ediacaran-Cambrian boundary on the
Yangtze Platform.
古 生 界
2010030520
桂东北较深水相前寒武纪-寒武纪之交的硅
质微生物岩 = The cherty microbolite in the
deeper water facies during the PrecambrianCambrian transitional period in northeast
Guangxi Province, China. (中文). 胡杰. 微体
古生物学报, 2008, 25(2): 291-305 3 图版.
扬子地台东南缘较深水相区的前寒武纪寒武纪过渡地层为一套以硅质岩和硅质碎
屑岩为主的黑色岩系沉积。过去对这套硅
质岩的沉积模式有多种解释,而且由于生物
化石的匮乏而很难确定前寒武纪 2 寒武纪
界线的位置。桂东北地区三江剖面前寒武
纪—寒武纪过渡地层老堡组硅质岩中保存
有良好的微生物岩。在根据有机碳同位素
和微体化石确定的前寒武纪 2 寒武纪界线
之下,微生物岩以叠层石 2 凝块石组合为标
志,具有与台地相同期地层类似的特征;在界
线之上,则以集群出现的球形至椭球形石英
质微球体组合和典型的微生物膜沉积结构
为主要特征。微生物席/ 膜的硅化可能是前
寒武纪 2 寒武纪之交较深水相硅质岩沉积
的重要模式。
中 生 界
2010030521
中侏罗世碳循环的扰动及伴随的陆地古环
境的变化 = Carbon-cycle perturbation in the
Middle Jurassic and accompanying changes in
the terrestrial paleoenvironment. (英文). Hesselbo S P;Morgans-Bell H S;McElwain J
C;Rees P M;Robinson S A;Ross C E. Journal
of Geology, 2003, 111(3): 259-276
Carbon-isotope analyses of fossil wood
from the Middle Jurassic Ravenscar Group,
Yorkshire, NE England, reveal a significant
excursion toward light isotopic values
(delta(13)C change of -3 to -4%) at about the
Aalenian-Bajocian boundary (similar to174
Ma). A positive carbon isotopic excursion is
also shown for the middle Bajocian (similar
to170 Ma) but is less clearly defined. These
isotopic patterns are very similar to the few
published marine carbonate records available
for this time, in particular one based on bel-
emnites from the Hebrides basin, NW Scotland, and others from pelagic limestones in
Italy. The similarity of the terrestrial and marine isotope curves is an indication that the
observed isotopic signal is a global phenomenon. Through parts of the Ravenscar Group
( the Scarborough Formation), supplementary
data from bulk organic carbon and palynofacies analysis confirm that isotopic curves
based on bulk analyses may be strongly influenced by the balance of terrestrial versus marine organic matter present in the samples.
The negative isotope excursion at the
Aalenian-Bajocian boundary marks a change
from charcoal to coal as the dominant preservational mode of the macroscopic wood fossils, which is interpreted here as a shift to a
more continuously humid climate in the Early
Bajocian. Upsection, charcoal once again becomes common, reflecting a return to more
fire-prone ( presumably seasonally arid) environments in the middle Bajocian. Paradoxically, floral assemblages associated with the
lithological unit in which the negative excursion occurs display characteristics that would
normally be interpreted as adaptations to water stress brought about by relative aridity or
salinity. Preliminary analyses of leaf stomatal
densities show some evidence of raised pCO(2)
relative to background values at about the
level of the negative excursion.
2010030522
基于有孔虫类，介形亚纲动物，腹足类和
啮齿类的古生物和地球化学分析恢复副特
提斯中部萨马特阶（中新世中期）古环境
= Palaeoenvironmental reconstruction of the
Sarmatian
(Middle
Miocene)
Central
Paratethys based on palaeontological and geochernical analyses of foraminifera, ostracods,
gastropods and rodents. (英文). Toth E; Gorog
A; Lecuyer C; Moissette P; Balter V; Monostori M. Geological Magazine, 2010, 147(2):
299-314
Paleoenvironmental changes in the upper
Middle Miocene Central Parathetys were reconstructed by using qualitative and quantitative palaeontological analyses of foraminifera
and ostracods, coupled with trace elemental
(Mg/Ca) and stable isotope (delta O-18 and
delta C-13) analyses of their carbonate skeletons and of gastropod sheets. Mean annual air
temperatures were estimated using the oxygen
isotope composition of contemporaneous rodent teeth. The studied aquatic fossils come
from two boreholes in the Zsambek basin
(northern central Hungary), while the terres153
trial ones are from localities in NE Hungary
and E Romania. In the studied Sarmatian successions, three zones could be distinguished,
based on palaeontological and geochemical
results. At the Badenian/Sarmatian boundary,
faunal diversity decreased markedly. In the
lower zone a transgressive event culminated in
a seawater incursion into the semi-open basin
system of the Central Paratheys. Stable bottom-water temperature (similar to 15 degrees
C) and variable salinites (20-22%) are estimated for the Early Sarmatian Sea. The faunal
changes (notably a strong reduction in biodiversity) occuring at the boundary between the
lower and the middle zone can be explained
by a sea-leval highstand with dysoxic conditions. A relative sea-level fall is documented
at the end of this middle zone. After a short
regressive event, a marine connection between
the Paratethys and Mediterranean was established at the beginning of the upper zone. This
is indicated by an increased microfaunal diversity and the re-appearance of marine
Bademan ostracods and foraminifera, which
are completely absent from the older Samatian
series. During the upper zone, the temperatures and salmities are estimated to have fluctuated from 15 degrees C to 21 degrees C and
from 15 parts per thousand to 43 parts per
thousand, respectively.
2010030523
希腊西北部爱奥尼亚盆地白垩纪 有机碳沉
积：Paquier 事件（海洋缺氧事件）再探讨
= Organic-carbon deposition in the Cretaceous
of the Ionian basin, NW Greece: the Paquier
Event (OAE 1b) revisited. (英文). Tsikos H;
Karakitsios V; Van Breugel Y; WalsworthBell B; Bombardiere L; Petrizzo M R; Damste
JSS; Schouten S; Erba E; Silva I P; Farrimond
P; Tyson R V; Jenkyns H C. Geological
Magazine, 2004, 141(4): 401-416
We present new stable (C, O) isotopic, biostratigraphic and organic geochemical data for
the Vigla Shale Member of the Ionian Zone in
NW Greece, in order to characterize organic
carbon-rich strata that potentially record the
impact of Cretaceous Oceanic Anoxic Events
(OAEs). In a section exposed near Gotzikas
(NW Epirus), we sampled a number of decimetre-thick, organic carbon-rich units enclosed within marly, locally silicified, Vigla
Limestone (Berriasian-Turonian). All these
units are characterized by largely comparable
bulk geochemical characteristics, indicating a
common marine origin and low thermal maturity. However, the stratigraphically highest
of these black shales is further distinguished
by its much higher total organic-carbon (TOC)
content (28.9 wt %) and Hydrogen Index (HI)
(529), and much enriched delta(13)C(org)
value (-22.1parts per thousand). Planktonic
foraminiferal and calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy indicate a lower to middle Albian
age for the strata immediately above, and a
lower Aptian age for the strata below, the uppermost black shale. In terms of molecular
organic geochemistry, the latter black shale is
also relatively enriched in specific isoprenoidal compounds (especially monocyclic isoprenoids), whose isotopic values are as high as
-15parts per thousand, indicating a substantial
archaeal contribution to the organic matter.
The striking similarities between the molecular signatures of the uppermost Vigla black
shale and coeval organic-rich strata from SE
France and the North Atlantic (ODP Site
1049C) indicate that this level constitutes a
record of the Paquier Event (OAE1b).
2010030524
Mendip 丘陵（英国西南部）中生代沉积填
充的裂纹的时代，起源和构造意义：对扩
展模型和侏罗纪海面曲线的启示 = The age,
origin and tectonic significance of Mesozoic
sediment-filled fissures in the Mendip Hills
(SW England): implications for extension
models and Jurassic sea-level curves. (英文).
Wall GRT; Jenkyns H C. Geological Magazine, 2004, 141(4): 471-504
In the eastern Mendip Hills, on the northern
margin of the Wessex Basin, SW England, the
Carboniferous Limestone is cut by numerous
fissures that are filled with Mesozoic sediments (sedimentary dykes, neptunian dykes).
The fissures contain a record of TriassicLower Jurassic sediments that are only sparingly preserved in their normal stratigraphical
position between the Carboniferous Limestone
and the unconformably overlying Upper Inferior Oolite of Bajocian age. Detailed analysis
of cross-cutting relationships, facies analysis,
biostratigraphy, lithostratigraphy and strontium-isotope ages of relevant Mesozoic sediments has allowed the construction of an Upper Triassic-Lower Jurassic fissure-fill stratigraphy for the eastern Mendip area. Most fissures were clearly formed by rapid influx of
unlithified sediment from the land surface or
sea floor. Some smaller cavities, or larger
cavities with restricted access to the unconformity, were apparently filled by sediment
that trickled down into the fissure system. The
vast majority of the Mendip fissures are inter154
preted as having formed as a response of the
Carboniferous Limestone, north of major basin-bounding faults, to pulses of tectonic extension during Ladinian-Norian/Rhaetian, late
Hettangian-early Sinemurian, late Sinemurianearly Pliensbachian, mid-Pliensbachian, late
Pliensbachian and Bajocian times. Triassicearliest Jurassic fissures have a broad spread
of strike from E-W to NW-SE to N-S, accommodating extension in a roughly NE-SW
direction. Younger Jurassic fissures show
well-defined E-W and N-S trends with the
former becoming dominant through time. Total extension of similar to4.7% N-S and similar to 0.6% E-W was produced by the formation of Triassic-Jurassic fissures within the
Carboniferous Limestone. Such patterns of
extension are thought likely to be characteristic of the subsurface geology in much of
southern England and Wales. Major implications of this study are that: (1) the presence of
seismically unresolvable sediment-filled fissures in supposedly rigid fault blocks can lead
to a significant underestimate of regional extension based on the restoration of motion on
normal faults on seismic-reflection profiles,
and (2) the isolation of pulses of tectonic activity with a temporal resolution of 10(5)-10(6)
years may provide a means of identifying a
tectonic signal in relative sea-level curves derived from the Jurassic sedimentary record.
2010030525
泰国中生代呵叻组木化石的地层学和古生
物地理学意义 = Stratigraphical and palaeobiogeographical significance of fossil wood
from the Mesozoic Khorat Group of Thailand.
(英文). Philippe M; Suteethorn V; Lutat P;
Buffetaut E; Cavin L; Cuny G; Barale G. Geological Magazine, 2004, 141(3): 319-328
Fossil wood from the poorly dated (Jurassic-Cretaceous?) continental sediments of the
Khorat Group, northeastern Thailand (Isan) is
described. The Khorat Group is widely distributed (Laos, Cambodia and Thailand) and,
despite its poorly known age, stratigraphy and
palaeoecology, is of importance in understanding the Sibumasu-Indochina collision.
The systematics of wood assemblage and palaeobiogeographical analysis reveal strong
relationships with Indochina, especially Vietnam, and suggest an age in the range Middle
Jurassic to Early Cretaceous. According to
wood taphonomy, the corresponding trees
grew alongside streams under a rather and
climate, although this became wetter during
the deposition of the upper formations of the
Khorat Group.
2010030526
太平洋早白垩世（巴列姆阶-森诺曼阶）的
同位素变化新发现 = New constraints upon
isotope variation during the early Cretaceous
(Barremian-Cenomanian) from the Pacific
Ocean. (英文). Price G D. Geological Magazine, 2003, 140(5): 513-522
Carbon and oxygen isotope data from a
succession of Cretaceous (BarremianCenomanian) age recovered from the Pacific
Ocean (DSDP site 463) are presented. The
carbon isotope curve reveals a large isotope
excursion within the early Aptian where
delta(13)C values reach similar to4.8parts per
thousand in the L. cabri-G. ferreolensis foraminifera zone. A decrease in delta(13)C values is observed at the base G. algerianus zone,
before a return to more positive values at the
top of the G. algerianus-T. bejaouaensis zone.
The pronounced early Aptian positive event is
preceded by a large negative isotope excursion,
confined to the G. blowi zone. Synchronous
with this excursion are increased total organic
carbon values and increases in Mn and Fe
concentrations. Integrated biostratigraphic and
magnetostratigraphic data, together with the
carbon isotope profile, suggest that the organic-rich units of site 463 are correlatable
with Oceanic Anoxic Event 1a. The input of
isotopically light volcanic CO2 in concert
with the intensification and upwelling of intermediate water enriched in C-12 could account for the observed trends. A potential
trigger may have been the destabilization of
the water column and the prodigious CO2
emissions associated with hydrothermal activity and the emplacement of the Ontong Java
Plateau. Coupled with faunal evidence, the
subsequent positive carbon isotope excursion
is interpreted to be resulting from high, but
decreasing, productivity and possibly increasing ocean stratification resulting in strong carbon isotopic gradients and C-13-enriched surface waters. The decrease in delta(13)C within
the G. algerianus zone is coincident with more
positive delta(18)O values. If these are interpreted in terms of temperature this interval
may be characterized by a period of cooling
and possibly a waning of C-org cycling. A
return to lower delta(13)C values during the
middle Albian is considered to be related to
the increased influence of upwelling, as opposed to a waning of C-org cycling. Upwelling introduced isotopically light carbon to the
155
surface, arresting the stratified oceanic conditions.
2010030527
叙利亚北部阿拉伯大陆边缘中生代沉积和
岩浆演化：来自 Baer-Bassit 混杂堆积物的
证据 = Mesozoic sedimentary and magmatic
evolution of the Arabian continental margin,
northern Syria: evidence from the Baer-Bassit
Melange. (英文). Al-Riyami K; Robertson A.
Geological Magazine, 2002, 139(4): 395-420
One of the few detailed records of Mesozoic deep-water sedimentation and volcanism
preserved along the tectonically emplaced
Arabian continental margin is from the BaerBassit region of northern Syria. SouthTethyan units there occur as blocks, broken
formation and disrupted thrust sheets within
the Bear-Bassit Melange. Two overall composite successions are identified. The first
comprises mainly sedimentary successions
ranging from Late Triassic to Late Cretaceous
(Cenomanian) in age. The second is dominated by Middle Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous
alkaline/per-alkaline volcanic and minor intrusive igneous rocks. The extrusives are intercalated with radiolarian sediments and capped
by Cenomanian ferromanganese-rich pelagic
limestone. Facies comparisons and the regional setting suggest that the Triassic to
Cenomanian, mainly sedimentary units,
formed in deep water near the base of the
slope of the Arabian continental margin. The
contrasting volcanogenic successions developed in a more distal off-margin setting. Regional comparisons (e.g. with southwestern
Cyprus and southwestern Turkey) suggest that
continental break-up to form a South-Tethyan
oceanic basin took place in Late Triassic time,
associated with alkaline volcanism. Similar
alkaline volcanism of Middle Jurassic to Early
Cretaceous age could reflect the activity of a
mantle plume beneath the Arabian plate.
Overall, sedimentation was mainly controlled
by an interplay of post-rift thermal subsidence,
plume-related uplift, siliceous oceanic productivity, climatic change and eustatic sea-level
change. The South-Tethyan marginal to oceanic units in northern Syria were detached
from an inferred oceanic basement in latest
Cretaceous time, emplaced onto the Arabian
continental margin, then transgressed by
Maastrichian and younger autochthonous successions.
2010030528
土耳其 Tauride-Anatolide 地台内部晚白垩
世-第三纪沉积盆地的起源 = Origin of the
Upper Cretaceous-Tertiary sedimentary basins
within the Tauride-Anatolide platform in Turkey. (英文). Gurer O F; Aldanmaz E. Geological Magazine, 2002, 139(2): 191-197
A number of sedimentary basins formed
within the Tauride-Anatolide Platform of Anatolia during the Late Cretaceous-Tertiary period. Previous studies have proposed different
tectonic and evolutionary models for each basin. Geological characteristics of the basins,
however, suggest that all these basins are of
the same origin and that they followed a similar evolutionary model to one another. Basin
development within the Tauride-Anatolide
Platform took place in a post-collisional environment following the northward subduction
of the northern Neotethys ocean beneath the
Pontides. The closure of the northern Neotethys ocean ended with collision of the
Tauride-Anatolide Platform with the Pontide
volcanic arc and resulted in large bodies of
oceanic remnants thrust over the TaurideAnatolide Platform as ophiolite nappes. Formation of the sedimentary basins followed the
emplacement of the ophiolite nappes as they
formed as piggy-back basins on top of the underlying thrust ophiolite basement.
2010030529
捷克 Pecinov 采石场晚白垩世一段河流到
河口相环境的易燃植物群落和古气候 =
Fire-prone plant communities and palaeoclimate of a Late Cretaceous fluvial to estuarine
environment, Pecinov quarry, Czech Republic.
(英文). Falcon-Lang H J; Kvacek J; Ulicny D.
Geological Magazine, 2001, 138(5): 563-576
The botanical identity and facies distribution of fossil charcoal is described from Middle to Late Cenomanian (90-94 Ma) fluvial to
estuarine units at Pecinov quarry, near Prague,
Czech Republic. Braided alluvial facies associations contain charred conifer woods (family
Pinaceae) possibly derived from upland forest
fires, and abundant charred angiosperm woods,
flowers and inflorescences (families Lauraceae and ?Platanaceae) derived from riparian gallery forest fires (Unit 2). Retrogradational coastal salt marsh facies associations
contain abundant charred conifer wood (families
Cheirolepidiaceae
and
Cupressaceae/Taxodiaceae) derived from fires in
halophytic backswamp forest, and rare pinaceous charred cones and lauraceous angiosperm wood washed downstream from fires
156
further inland (Units 3-4). Progradational
coastal facies associations within an estuary
mouth setting contain abundant charred conifer wood (family Cup ressaceae/Taxodiaceae),
common taxodiaceous conifer and angiosperm
leaves, fern rachises, and lycopsid stems derived from fires in mesic backswamp taxodiaceous forests and supra-tidal fern-lycopsid
thickets (Unit 5). Growth rings in angiosperm
and conifer woods, leaf physiognomy and
computer models indicate that climate was
equable, warm and humid, but that there was a
short annual dry season; most fires probably
occurred during these annual drought periods.
The abundance of charcoal and the diversity
of taxa preserved in this state indicate that
nearly all plant communities were fire-prone.
Physiognomically, the Pecinov flora resembles present-day seasonally-dry subtropical
forests where fires are a common occurrence.
2010030530
基于英国多塞特郡南部露头和钻孔数据进
行的 Kimmeridge 粘土岩组（晚侏罗世）
综合地层学研究 = Integrated stratigraphy of
the Kimmeridge Clay Formation (Upper Jurassic) based on exposures and boreholes in
south Dorset, UK. (英文). Morgans-Bell H S;
Coe A L; Hesselbo S P; Jenkyns H C; Weedon
G P; Marshall JEA; Tyson R V; Williams C J.
Geological Magazine, 2001, 138(5): 511-539
For the purposes of a high-resolution multidisciplinary study of the Upper Jurassic Kimmeridge Clay Formation, two boreholes were
drilled at Swanworth Quarry and one at
Metherhills, south Dorset, UK. Together, the
cores represent the first:complete section
through the entire formation close to the type
section. We present graphic logs that record
the stratigraphy of the cores, and outline the
complementary geophysical and analytical
data sets (gamma ray, magnetic susceptibility,
total organic carbon, carbonate, delta C13(org)). Of particular note are the new borehole data from the lowermost part of the formation which does not crop out in the type
area. Detailed logs are available for download
from the Kimmeridge Drilling Project website at http://kimmeridge. earth.ox.ac.uk/. Of
further interest is a, mid-eudoxus Zone positive shift in the delta (13)C(org)record, a feature that is also registered in Tethyan carbonate successions, suggesting that it is a regional
event and may therefore be useful for correlation. The lithostratigraphy of the cores has
been precisely correlated with the nearby cliff
section, which has also been examined and re-
described. Magnetic-susceptibility and spectral gamma-ray measurements were made at a
regular spacing through the succession, and
facilitate core-to-exposure correlation. The
strata of the exposure and core have been subdivided into four main mudrock lithological
types: (a) medium-dark-dark-grey marl; (b)
medium-dark-dark grey-greenish black shale;
(c) dark-grey-olive-black laminated shale; (d)
greyish-black-brownish-black mudstone. The
sections also contain subordinate amounts of
siltstone, limestone and dolostone. Comparison of the type section with the cores reveals
slight lithological variation and notable thickness differences between the coeval strata.
The proximity of the boreholes:and different
parts of the type section to the Purbeck-Isle of
Wight Disturbance is proposed as a likely control on the thickness changes.
2010030531
对缺氧事件的生物和地球化学回应：加尔
加诺岬（意大利南部）阿普第阶深海序列
= Biotic and geochemical response to anoxic
events: the Aptian pelagic succession of the
Gargano Promontory (southern Italy). (英文).
Luciani V; Cobianchi M; Jenkyns H C. Geological Magazine, 2001, 138(3): 277-298
Microfossil distribution patterns and highresolution delta C-13 and delta O-18 curves,
calibrated against planktonic foraminiferal and
calcareous nannofossil data, are provided for
the Aptian pelagic Coppitella section of the
Gargano Promontory (southern Italy). The
succession consists of cyclically arranged
couplets of bioturbated grey marlstones and
off-white marry limestones, referable to the
Marne a Fucoidi. In the lower portion of the
section, two thin black shares were recognized.
The high-resolution delta C-13 curve presented here correlates with those of other Alpine-Tethyan sections, albeit with lower absolute values. The onset of deposition of organic-rich sediments falls at the top of the interval of unchanging carbon-isotope values,
whereas the upper black shale is documented
from the interval of the main Aptian positive
delta C-13 excursion. According to our biostratigraphic data, the deposition of organic
matter in the Gargano Promontory persisted
through Early/Late Aptian boundary time. Using a chemostratigraphic definition, only the
lower black shale is referred to the Selli Level.
As far as the biotic response is concerned, the
onset of the 'nannoconid crisis' is recorded
considerably below the lower black shale,
whereas the 'Globigerinelloides eclipse' is re157
corded below and within the upper black shale.
The distribution of meso-eutrophic indices
(Zygodiscus spp., radiolaria) vs, moderatefertility indices (Rhagodiscus asper and
Lithraphidites carniolensis) testifies to a modest increase of surface-water fertility only
throughout the stratigraphically higher black
shale. The occurrence of a benthic foraminiferal fauna, albeit impoverished, in both the
basal and upper black horizons clearly documents dysaerobic rather than completely anoxic conditions on the sea floor. Relative sealevel rise at the time of the Selli Event in the
Gargano Promontory is documented by
drowning and foundering of the Apulia platform margin, situated adjacent to the basin in
which the Marne a Fucoidi accumulated.
2010030532
南极洲亚历山大岛中白垩世两极森林的叶
物 候 学 = Leaf phenology of some midCretaceous polar forests, Alexander Island,
Antarctica. (英文). Falcon-Lang H J; Cantrill
D J. Geological Magazine, 2001, 138(1): 3952
The leaf longevity and seasonal timing of
leaf abscission within a plant community is
closely related to climate, a phenomenon referred to as leaf phenology. In this paper the
leaf phenology of some mid-Cretaceous (late
Albian) forests which grew at latitude of 75
degrees S on Alexander Island, Antarctica, is
analysed. Five independent techniques for determining leaf longevity are applied to the fossil remains of each of the canopy-forming
trees. These techniques utilize: (1) the anatomical character of growth rings in trunk
woods, (2) leaf trace persistence in juvenile
branch and stem woods, (3) leaf physiognomy,
(4) comparison with nearest living relatives,
and (5) leaf taphonomy. The application of
techniques 1-5 suggests that the araucarian
and podocarp conifers, which comprised more
than 90% of the canopy-forming vegetation,
were evergreen with leaf retention times in
excess of 5-13 years. The application of techniques 3-5 to rare taxodioid conifers indicates
the existence of both evergreen and deciduous
habits in this group, whilst both ginkgos and
taeniopterids, which are locally abundant, are
interpreted as possessing a deciduous habit.
The polar forests of Alexander Island were
therefore dominantly evergreen. Preliminary
analysis of five other mid-Cretaceous polar
forests suggests the presence of dominantly
evergreen vegetation in Australia and Antarctica, and mixed evergreen-deciduous vegeta-
tion in Alaska, northern Russia and New Zealand. Cold month mean temperature probably
exerted the largest influence on the leaf
phenology at each of these forest sites.
2010030533
英国 Robin Hood's 海湾矽缪尔阶-普林斯巴
阶界线（早侏罗世）的一个具全球层型潜
力剖面的菊石动物群和同位素地层学 = A
potential global stratotype for the SinemurianPliensbachian boundary (Lower Jurassic),
Robin Hood's Bay, UK: ammonite faunas and
isotope stratigraphy. ( 英 文 ). Hesselbo S P;
Meister C; Grocke D R. Geological Magazine, 2000, 137(6): 601-607
A coastal exposure at Wine Haven, Robin
Hood's Bay (North Yorkshire, UK) fulfils the
criteria for definition as the Global Stratotype
Section and Point (GSSP) for the base of the
Pliensbachian Stage (Lower Jurassic). This
marine sequence was deposited during a longterm transgression and is relatively expanded
stratigraphically. A rich fauna of ammonites
above and below the boundary interval allows
recognition of the Leptechioceras gr. meigeini,
Paltechioceras aureolum and Paltechioceras
tardecrescens horizons of latest Sinemurian
age, and the Bifericeras donovani, and Apoderoceras gr. aculeatum horizons of earliest
Pliensbachian age. A suitable level for the
boundary is characterized by the faunal association of Bifericeras donovani Dommergues
& Meister and Apoderoceras sp. Strontiumisotope stratigraphy, based on analysis of belemnites, yields a calcite Sr-87/Sr-86 ratio for
the suggested boundary level of 0.707425+/0.000021 (combined uncertainties based on
line fit to stratigraphic dataset (+/-0.000004)
and measurement of the standard (+/0.000017)). Alternative uncertainties of similar to+/-0.000008 are associated with the most
extreme interpretation of sedimentation-rate
history allowed by the strontium-isotope data
(that is, abrupt changes in sedimentation rate
at precisely the boundary level); however,
sedimentological considerations, and measured strontium-isotope values at the boundary,
support condensation rather than hiatus. Belemnite oxygen-isotope data suggest a significant temperature drop(similar to5 degreesC)
across the boundary at this locality.
2010030534
英国南部和德国西北部腕足类的稳定氧和
碳同位素：对土仑阶上部古温度的估计 =
Stable oxygen and carbon isotopes from
brachiopods of southern England and north158
western Germany: estimation of Upper Turonian palaeotemperatures. (英文). Voigt S.
Geological Magazine, 2000, 137(6): 687-703
More than 190 articulate brachiopods from
Turonian sections in northwestern Germany
and southern England were studied for their
stable carbon and oxygen isotopic composition, and some of them for their elemental
composition. Most of the brachiopod shells
are well preserved, and oxygen isotope composition reflects the temperate conditions of
the European epicontinental sea. Upper Turonian mean delta O-18 values from Lower
Saxony and southern England show bottomwater temperatures in the range of 14.2 to 18.2
degreesC (delta O-18(W) = -1.5 parts per
thousand SMOW for an ice-free world). The
relative trend of mean brachiopod oxygen and
carbon isotopes shows a short-term (200 k.y.)
increase in the mid-Upper Turonian horizons
that confirms the climate cooling (similar to2
degreesC) observed in bulk-rock samples at
different sites in Europe. Interbasinal comparisons between England and Germany show
similar delta C-13 values in both basins,
whereas oxygen isotopes are heavier in
northwestern Germany than in England, suggesting a cool-water influence from the North
Sea basin and temperate conditions in the Angle-Paris basin.
2010030535
叙利亚晚白垩世磷酸岩中的海洋脊椎动物
群 = The marine vertebrate faunas from the
Late Cretaceous phosphates of Syria. (英文).
Bardet N; Cappetta H; Suberbiola X P; Mouty
M; Al Maleh A K; Ahmad A M; Khrata O;
Gannoum N. Geological Magazine, 2000,
137(3): 269-290
Marine vertebrate faunas from the latest
Cretaceous phosphates of the Palmyrides
Chain of Syria are described for the first time.
Recent fieldwork in the phosphatic deposits of
the Palmyra area (mines of Charquieh and
Khneifiss, outcrops of Bardeh, Soukkari and
Soukhneh) have yielded a rich and diversified
assemblage of marine vertebrates, including
more than 50 species of chondrichthyes,
osteichthyes, squamates, chelonians, plesiosaurians and crocodilians. Selachians are the
most abundant and diverse component of the
faunas and are represented by at least 34 species of both sharks and rays. Actinopterygians
include representatives of six families, the
most common being the enchodontids. Squamates are known by six mosasaurid species
and an indeterminate varanoid. Chelonians are
represented by at least two bothremydids and
two chelonioids. Finally, elasmosaurid plesiosaurs and indeterminate crocodilians are also
present in the fossil assemblages. The difference in faunal composition observed between
the sites is interpreted as being due to palaeoecological preferences related to the
Hamad Uplift palaeostructure. The marine
vertebrate faunas of Syria show close affinities with those of the latest Cretaceous phosphatic deposits of North Africa and the Middle
East and are typical of the southern Tethyan
realm. From a biostratigraphical point of view,
the selachians are the only suitable material to
provide elements of an answer to the long debated question of the age of the Syrian Senonian phosphates. They suggest an Early Maastrichtian age for most of the phosphates of the
Palmyrides Chain.
2010030536
英国南部 Wright 岛早白垩世 Vectis 组海岸
潟湖相序列中风暴贝壳灰岩的古环境意义
= Palaeoenvironmental significance of storm
coquinas in a Lower Cretaceous coastal lagoonal succession (Vectis Formation, Isle of
Wight, southern England). (英文). Radley J D;
Barker M J. Geological Magazine, 2000,
137(2): 193-205
Thin bioclastic limestone beds ('coquinas')
in the Vectis Formation (Wealden Group,
Lower Cretaceous) of the Isle of Wight,
southern England, exhibit a range of biofabrics and internal stratigraphies. These features
are attributed to both simple and complex
storm deposition of allochthonous biogenic
and siliciclastic materials in coastal lagoons
and on adjacent mudflats. These modes of
deposition facilitated preservation of dinosaur
trackways, desiccation cracks, shallow-tier
trace fossils and in situ bivalve colonies
through rapid burial. The coquinas thus preserve a record of surficial muds, commonly
lost through reworking. The principal components of the coquinas comprise dispersed elements from within the argillaceous 'background' facies. Some of these beds are laterally traceable for up to 27 km, providing the
foundations for a high-resolution eventstratigraphic framework.
2010030537
塞浦路斯外来 Mamonia 复合体 Dhiarizos
群中生界上三叠统-下白垩统火山成因-沉积
的矿床的地层 = Stratigraphy of Mesozoic
(Upper Triassic-Lower Cretaceous) volcanogenic-sedimentary deposits of the Dhiarizos
159
Group, the allochthonous Mamonia Complex
of Cyprus. (英文). Bragin N Yu. Stratigraphy
and Geological Correlation, 2010, 18(2): 118132
Data on the studied radiolarians from cherty
rocks are used to distinguish stratigraphic
subdivisions of diverse volcanogenic rocks in
the Dhiarizos Group of the allochthonous
Mamonia Complex, in Southwest Cyprus. The
results obtained confirm the Triassic-Early
Cretaceous age of a basalt-chert-carbonate
succession corresponding to the Phasoula
Formation and first define the Early Jurassic
age of basalt-diabase breccias in the Loutra tis
Aphroditis Formation. The results represent
new basis for deciphering the Mesozoic geological history of Cyprus and East Mediterranean.
2010030538
俄罗斯西西伯利亚低地 Chulym-Yenisei 地
区基亚河盆地阿尔必阶-塞诺曼阶沉积的植
物 地 层 学 = Phytostratigraphy of AlbianCenomanian sediments in the Kiya River basin (the Chulym-Yenisei area of the west Siberian lowland). ( 英 文 ). Golovneva L B;
Shchepetov S V. Stratigraphy and Geological
Correlation, 2010, 18(2): 153-165
The study is dedicated to the analysis of
finds of fossil plants in the Kiya River basin
(West Siberia, Mariinsk and Chebula districts
of the Kemerovo region) with the characteristic of the Serta paleofloral complex from the
Kiya Formation, Kubaevo and Podaik complexes originating from the basal layers of the
Simonovo Formation. It is shown that the
Serta floral complex characterizes the
autonomous late Albian stage in development
of the Cretaceous flora in West Siberia, while
the Kubaevo and Podaik floral complexes reflect different types of plant communities of
the Chulym stage in development of this flora
(Cenomanian). It is established that florabearing layers of the Simonovo Formation in
the Kiya River basin rest with the erosional
surface upon flora-bearing sediments of the
Kiya Formation. The obtained data allow the
conclusion that the Kiya and Simonovo formations form a stratigraphic succession, do
not replace laterally each other and, correspondingly, are diachronous.
2010030539
加拿大育空中西部和东南部北美洲三叠纪
地层的起源：与加拿大西部沉积盆地和加
拿大北极地区同期地层对比 = Provenance
of North American Triassic strata from westcentral and southeastern Yukon: correlations
with coeval strata in the Western Canada
Sedimentary Basin and Canadian Arctic Islands. (英文). Beranek L P; Mortensen J K;
Orchard M J; Ullrich T. Canadian Journal of
Earth Sciences, 2010, 47(1): 53-73
New detrital mineral age and whole-rock
geochemical data provide the first constraints
on the composition and source of North
American Triassic strata in the northern Canadian Cordillera. Conodont-bearing Triassic
strata collected from five locations across
west-central to southeastern Yukon contain
trace-element ratios ((La/Yb)N = ~8; Eu/Eu* =
~0.66), εNd(248 Ma) values (-9 to-10), and detrital zircon ages (400-680, 980-1200, 15001650, 1800-2000 Ma) that correspond with
those of coeval rocks in the Canadian Arctic
Islands and the Western Canada Sedimentary
Basin of British Columbia and Alberta. The
majority of detrital zircons were cannibalized
from Ellesmerian clastic wedge and western
Laurentian margin strata and recycled into
Triassic rocks. Conspicuous early Paleozoic
and Neoproterozoic detrital zircons may have
been ultimately derived from allochthonous
rocks of Caledonian-Baltican affinity in northern North America, such as the Pearya and
Arctic Alaska- Chukotka terranes. One Early
Triassic unit in eastern Yukon contains ca.
360 Ma detrital muscovite, and samples from
several localities include single-grain occurrences of Mississippian detrital zircon. Mississippian detrital mineral ages likely record a
partial source from mid-Paleozoic rocks of the
allochthonous Slide Mountain and YukonTanana terranes following their Late Permian
- Early Triassic emplacement onto the Cordilleran margin. More substantial evidence of
terrane-derived sediment deposited along the
North American margin may be further identified within Triassic strata that are exposed to
the west (outboard) of our sample sites, immediately adjacent to the Slide Mountain and
Yukon-Tanana terranes.
2010030540
浙江宁海下南山组晚中新世古海拔与古气
候定量重建 = Quantitative reconstruction on
paleoelevation and paleoclimate of miocene
Xiananshan Formation in Ninghai , Zhejiang
Province. (中文). 任文秀;孙柏年;肖良. 微体
古生物学报, 2010, 27(1): 93-98
通过对浙江宁海晚中新世下南山组已准
确鉴定 23 属植物大化石的现存属共存分析
160
表明,它们的共存区间为:26°—30°N ,107°—
115°E ,海拔为 500 —1 200 m。依据共存分
布区间的常年气候资料,获得宁海晚中新世
古气候参数定量数值为:年平均气温 9. 91
—19. 74 ℃;年较差 18. 31 —30. 68 ℃;最冷
月均温- 3. 20 —5. 19 ℃;最热月均温 16. 73
—26. 44 ℃;年极端最高气温 27. 99 —37. 41
℃;年极端最低气温- 6. 56 —- 20. 16 ℃,年降
雨量为 1 117. 7 —1 546. 4 mm。推测晚中
新世浙江宁海地区为亚热带山地气候,古湖
海拔为 500 —1 200 m。
新 生 界
2010030541
早阿普第期中期瑞士 Urgonian 台地消失与
同时期的海洋缺氧事件 a1（“Selli 事件”）
相关 = A synchronous, middle Early Aptian
age for the demise of the Helvetic Urgonianplatform related to the unfolding oceanic anoxic events 1a ( Selli event ). (英文). Fölimi K.
Revue de Paleobiologie, 2008, 27(2): 461-468
Whole-rock stable-carbon isotope records
and ammonite biostratigraphy from a dense
set of sections representative of the Helvetic
thrust-and-fold belt of the Alps indicate a synchronous, middle Early Aptian age (near the
boundary between the weissi and deshayesi
zones) for the demise of the Urgonian platform. The Middle Early Aptian demise of the
Urgonian platform is an important environmental event, which is identified in France,
Spain, Portugal, Oman, Mexico, and in the
Pacific realm. Within the resolution limits imposed by biostratigraphy and other dating
techniques, the event appears to be synchronous on a global scale. Many authors associate
the disappearance of coral-rudist reefs related
with the demise of the Urgonian platforms to
the unfolding of the middle Early Aptian Selli
event, an oceanic anoxic event of global importance.
2010030542
日本北部北海道户幕别岳深层岩体的岩浆
地层学：岩浆房动力学和深层岩体构建 =
Magmatic stratigraphy of the tilted Tottabetsu
plutonic complex, Hokkaido, North Japan:
Magma chamber dynamics and pluton construction. (英文). Kamiyama, H; Nakajima, T;
Kamioka, H. Journal of Geology, 2007,
115(3): 295-314
The steeply tilted Tottabetsu plutonic complex (TPC) provides an exceptional crosssectional view of a frozen felsic magma
chamber. The entire pluton is apparently cy-
lindrical in shape, but the active magma
chamber at any one time was much thinner,
tabular in shape. The pluton is stratified, with
a topmost granitic unit ( zone III), an underlying dioritic unit ( zone II), and a lowermost
gabbroic unit ( zone I). Field, petrographic,
and geochemical data suggest that zones I and
II developed at the aggrading floor of a felsic
magma chamber. Only part of zone III appears
to have crystallized from the roof. Successive
stoping events, recorded as included countryrock blocks in zones I and II, apparently prohibited growth of the roof solidification zone.
The complex record of hotter replenishments
and fractional crystallization is preserved in
the stratigraphy of zones I and II as either alternating comagmatic sheets and cumulate
layers or an upward fractionation trend with a
major compositional reversal exhibited by the
cumulates. The magmas injected during the
development of zone I were basalts to basaltic
andesites, while those injected during the development of zone II were andesites to dacites.
The overall compositional difference between
zones I and II is essentially attributed to the
compositional difference of the injected magmas. By contrast, zone III comprises monotonous granites whose geochemical variation
suggests that they represent mixtures of fractionates complementary to the cumulates
formed from both the resident felsic magma
and the recharged intermediate magma. Buoyant fractionates released from the crystallizing
recharge magma presumably rose as plumes
and mixed with the resident magma. Thus, the
TPC reveals the protracted history of pluton
construction from a long-lasting, melt-rich
magma chamber.
2010030543
更新世布劳利和奥科蒂约组：来自南加州
沿费利佩和圣哈辛托断裂带滑脱变形的初
步 证 据 = Pleistocene brawley and ocotillo
formations: Evidence for initial strike-slip deformation along the San Felipe and San Jacinto fault zones, southern California. (英文).
Kirby S M;Janecke S U;Dorsey R J;Housen B
A;Langenheim V E;McDougall K A;Steely A
N. Journal of Geology, 2007, 115(1): 42-64
We examine the Pleistocene tectonic reorganization of the Pacific-North American
plate boundary in the Salton Trough of southern California with an integrated approach that
includes basin analysis, magnetostratigraphy,
and geologic mapping of upper Pliocene to
Pleistocene sedimentary rocks in the San
Felipe Hills. These deposits preserve the earli161
est sedimentary record of movement on the
San Felipe and San Jacinto fault zones that
replaced and deactivated the late Cenozoic
West Salton detachment fault. Sandstone and
mudstone of the Brawley Formation accumulated between similar to 1.1 and similar to 0.60.5 Ma in a delta on the margin of an arid
Pleistocene lake, which received sediment
from alluvial fans of the Ocotillo Formation to
the west-southwest. Our analysis indicates that
the Ocotillo and Brawley formations prograded abruptly to the east-northeast across a
former mud-dominated perennial lake (Borrego Formation) at similar to 1.1 Ma in response to initiation of the dextral-oblique San
Felipe fault zone. The similar to 25-km-long
San Felipe anticline initiated at about the same
time and produced an intrabasinal basementcored high within the San Felipe-Borrego basin that is recorded by progressive unconformities on its north and south limbs. A disconformity at the base of the Brawley Formation
in the eastern San Felipe Hills probably records initiation and early blind slip at the
southeast tip of the Clark strand of the San
Jacinto fault zone. Our data are consistent
with abrupt and nearly synchronous inception
of the San Jacinto and San Felipe fault zones
southwest of the southern San Andreas fault in
the early Pleistocene during a pronounced
southwestward broadening of the San Andreas
fault zone. The current contractional geometry
of the San Jacinto fault zone developed after
similar to 0.5-0.6 Ma during a second, less
significant change in structural style.
2010030544
印度西部蒙特塞拉特岛苏弗里埃尔南苏弗
里耶尔火山岩体的史前地层学 = Prehistoric
stratigraphy of the Soufriere Hills-South Soufriere Hills volcanic complex, Montserrat,
West Indies. (英文). Smith A L; Roobol M J;
Schellekens J H; Mattioli G S. Journal of Geology, 2007, 115(1): 115-127
The Soufriere Hills and South Soufriere
Hills volcanoes are morphologically distinct
but petrologically similar. The history of the
complex is subdivided into seven episodes.
The Soufriere Hills subunit I (<= 175 ka) has
deposits of Pelean style with ignimbrites of
Plinian style abundant near its top. This is followed by deposits from the South Soufriere
Hills (similar to 130 ka) that represent opencrater St. Vincent-style activity. Soufriere
Hills subunits II-V (similar to 12,000-similar
to 400 BP) return to more characteristic Pelean activity; at similar to 22,000 BP, block-
and-ash flow deposits containing abundant
clasts of vesicular andesite dominate. Age dating shows that renewed activity began just
before European settlement in 1632 CE. This
activity, including the ongoing eruption, is
typical of the dominant eruptive style of this
volcano for the last 175 ka.
2010030545
近海河流沉积搬运的地质学、地理学和占
主导地位的人类活动影响 = Geology, geography, and humans battle for dominance over
the delivery of fluvial sediment to the coastal
ocean. (英文). Syvitski J P M; Milliman J D.
Journal of Geology, 2007, 115(1): 1-19
Sediment flux to the coastal zone is conditioned by geomorphic and tectonic influences
(basin area and relief), geography (temperature, runoff), geology (lithology, ice cover),
and human activities (reservoir trapping, soil
erosion). A new model, termed "BQART" in
recognition of those factors, accounts for these
varied influences. When applied to a database
of 488 rivers, the BQART model showed no
ensemble over- or underprediction, had a bias
of just 3% across six orders of magnitude in
observational values, and accounted for 96%
of the between-river variation in the long-term
(+/- 30 years) sediment load or yield of these
rivers. The geographical range of the 488 rivers covers 63% of the global land surface and
is highly representative of global geology,
climate, and socioeconomic conditions. Based
strictly on geological parameters (basin area,
relief, lithology, ice erosion), 65% of the between-river sediment load is explained. Climatic factors (precipitation and temperature)
account for an additional 14% of the variability in global patterns in load. Anthropogenic
factors account for an additional 16% of the
between-river loads, although with ever more
dams being constructed or decommissioned
and socioeconomic conditions and infrastructure in flux, this contribution is temporally
variable. The glacial factor currently contributes only 1% of the signal represented by our
globally distributed database, but it would be
much more important during and just after
major glaciations. The BQART model makes
possible the quantification of the influencing
factors (e.g., climate, basin area, ice cover)
within individual basins, to better interpret the
terrestrial signal in marine sedimentary records. The BQART model predicts the longterm flux of sediment delivered by rivers; it
does not predict the episodicity (e.g., typhoons,
earthquakes) of this delivery.
162
2010030546
欧克辛斯海-里海盆地（副特提斯东部地
区）中-晚中新世有机碳酸盐建造的演化 =
Evolution of organogenic carbonate buildups
in the Middle through Late Miocene of the
Euxine-Caspian Basin (Eastern Paratethys).
(英文). Goncharova I A; Rostovtseva Yu V.
Paleontological Journal, 2009, 43(8): 866876 5 图版.
Two types of organogenic carbonate buildups (bryalgal and algal-microbialite) occurring
for approximately 11 Ma from the Middle
through to the Late Miocene in the EuxineCaspian Basin are considered. Four main
stages in the formation of these structures are
established: Chokrakian-Karaganian, EarlyMiddle Sarmatian, Maeotian, and a specific
Late Sarmatian one. Each of the first three
stages began with bryalgal bioherms that, during the growing basins’ isolation, transformed
into algal-microbialite buildups. Only bryalgal
buildups are found in the Late Sarmatian Basin.
2010030547
葡萄牙南部 Algarve Oura 地区的侵蚀面：
Iberia 西南地区新近纪地层学和构造演化
意义 = The bioeroded megasurface of Oura
(Algarve, south Portugal): implications for the
Neogene stratigraphy and tectonic evolution
of southwest Iberia. (英文). Cachão M; Silva
C M; Santos A; Domènech R; Martinell J;
Mayoral E. Facies, 2009, 55(2): 213-225
The use of rocky palaeoshore bioerosion
analysis as a tool to solve stratigraphic and
tectonic issues is beginning to bear fruits. The
occurrence of an extensive intra-Miocene marine abrasion platform in southern Portugal at
Oura (Albufeira) has been identified on the
basis of bioerosion trace fossils analysis. The
observed ichnodiversity is rather low, with
bivalve boring Gastrochaenolites being dominant. Nevertheless, the ichnoassemblage may
be assigned to the Entobia ichnofacies. The
palaeoichnological study of the Oura
hardground confirmed the existence of an important intra-Miocene stratigraphic gap (ca. 3
Ma hiatus), represented by a razor-sharp erosional contact that separates the two main
Neogene units in the Algarvian region: the
lower carbonate sequence of Lagos–Portimão
Formation (Langhian/Serravallian) and the
upper siliciclastic sequence of the Cacela
Formation (Upper Tortonian).
2010030548
惠州凹陷古近系珠海组—恩平组高分辨率
层序格架与储层分布规律 = High-resolution
sequence stratigraphy and reservoir distribution of the paleogene Zhuhai and Enping Formations in the Huizhou depresion. (中文). 魏
钦廉;郑荣才;肖玲. 地层学杂志, 2010, 34(1):
60-68
利用高分辨率层序地层学理论和技术方
法，综合测井、地震和岩芯资料对惠州凹
陷深层储层——珠海组和恩平组进行高分
辨率层序地层学分析，从中识别出短期、
中期、长期 3 个级别的基准面旋回层序, 进
一步分析短期旋回层序结构，划分出向上
“变深”非对称型、向上变浅非对称型、对
称型 3 种基本结构类型。依据等时地层对
比法则并利用地震资料约束进行不同级次
基准面旋回层序的联井对比,建立了珠海组
和恩平组的等时地层格架,在等时地层格架
内进行了单砂体的对比,并在等时地层格架
内分析了储层的时空展布规律。
2010030549
瑞典南部和博恩霍尔姆岛中晚 Weichselian
期沉积的首次独立年代学测定 = The first
independent chronology for Middle and Late
Weichselian sediments from southern Sweden
and the Island of Bornholm. (英文). Kjaer K
H; Lagerlund E; Adrielsson L; Thomas PJ;
Murray A; Sandgren P. GFF, 2006, 128(3):
209-220
Conventional Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) dating using the equivalent
dose distributions of 8 mm aliquots have been
extended to key stratigraphical sites in southernmost Sweden and the island of Bornholm.
The objective has been to bridge the lack of an
independent chronology, which might catalyze
a new understanding of the ice flow patterns
related to the initiation of the Last Glacial
Maximum, and the stratigraphical development during the deglaciation sequence. Sediments from proximal environments are usually
10-15 kyr older than expected from regional
stratigraphical correlations and radiocarbon
dates of mammoth tusks. We propose that
OSL signals are inherited from reworked
sediments that were sufficiently bleached prior
to glacial or glaciofluvial transportation and
deposition. Sediments from distal and beach
environments seem to indicate proper depositional ages. Thus, the main Weichselian stadial was preceded by almost 20 kyr of ice free
conditions, succeeded by an ice advance from
south-southeast before northeasterly ice flow
163
predominated. Major inconsistencies still exists for the final deglaciation. Two distinct
environmental reconstructions of the uppermost diamict at two separate sites, both superimposed on a periglacial surface, predict either
deposition during subaquatic conditions associated with drifting icebergs after 16 kyr or
subglacial sedimentation associated with an
ice advance in Oresund. It remains unsolved
whether the periglacial surface at the two sites
can be correlated or if they represent two different stratigraphical levels. In perspective, the
introduction of OSL dates in Skane has identified the periglacial marker horizon or horizons
as targets for future intensive dating.
2010030550
俄罗斯西北部沿海湖地层研究所揭示的全
新世中期 Littorina 海海侵 = Mid-Holocene
Littorina Sea transgressions based on stratigraphic studies in coastal lakes of NW Russia.
(英文). Sandgren P; Subetto D A; Berglund B
E; Davydova N N; Savelieva L A. GFF, 2004,
126(4): 363-380
The mid-Holocene Littorina Sea transgression has been studied in sediment cores from
four coastal lakes in NW Russia. The basins
are situated in the same drainage system at
elevations from 6.9 to 9.2 m a.s.l. Complementary parameters have been applied to identify water-level changes. Chronological models are based on AMS radiocarbon dating of
bulk sediments but also wood remains and
moss sedge peat has been dated in a few cases.
All radiocarbon ages have been calibrated to
calendar years BP (cal. BP). Between 8000
and 6000 cal. BP the present-day lakes were in
contact with the Littorina Sea and brackish
conditions prevailed. The water level was
higher than 6 m a.s.l. clearly documented in
all four basins. A peak reaching above the
level of the uppermost lake (9.2 m a.s.l.) has
been dated to ca. 7500 cal. BP. During the
high level phase a short lived regress
ion/transgression is recognized in all but the
uppermost basin. This minor water level fluctuation lasted for a few hundred years around
7000 cal. BP. It is reflected in various parameters in the different basins. Correlations are
made with recent studies from Blekinge in
southeastern Sweden situated at the 10 m Littorina isobase as the present investigation area.
The parallel Littorina Sea history in these two
areas seems to confirm a multi-transgression
pattern across the southern Baltic Sea.
2010030551
以化石骨组合形式反演泛滥平原过程：以
中新世晚期中国蓝田灞河组为例 = Floodplain processes in the shaping of fossil bone
assemblages: an example from the Late Miocene, Bahe Formation, Lantian, China. (英文).
Andersson K; Kaakinen A. GFF, 2004, 126(3):
279-287
Vertebrate remains are frequently preserved
and recovered from floodplain deposits. The
composition of such fossil assemblages is expected to vary considerably with the processes
active during and after deposition. In this paper, vertebrate fossil assemblages from three
separate localities (Late Miocene, Bahe Formation, Lantian County, Shaanxi, China) were
studied to assess how fluvial processes may
have influenced the shaping of these. Although, the three localities represent floodplain deposits, all were formed in different
fluvial subfacies. The localities were logged in
detail and the degree of surface exposure of
the collected specimens was determined
through analysis of their stage of weathering.
Combining these data, the following interpretation was made: Locality 31 represents a crevasse splay, an avulsion that instantaneously
buried a group of animals. Locality 6 was
formed on an overbank area during repeated,
unchannelised flooding. This assemblage
represents an attritional accumulation, ranging
from fresh to reworked remains, accumulated
during several events representing a long time
period. Locality 42 represents a bone accumulation laid down in a topographic depression.
The bulk of this ass,assemblage is likely to
represent remains accumulated over a very
short time period, along with some reworked
remains. The assemblages analysed were all
formed in non-exceptional floodplain subfacies, representing a wide range of time periods
ranging from instantaneous catastrophic
events to long periods of lime. This work provides a context for the these remains and contributes to the understanding of the events that
gave rise to vertebrate fossil assemblages in
the Bahe Formation and fossil accumulations
in floodplain environments in general.
2010030552
全新世中期沿 Blekinge 海岸的波罗的海海
侵，瑞典东南部与多重海滩尖脊对应的古
代泻湖 = Mid-Holocene Baltic Sea transgression along the coast of Blekinge, SE Sweden
ancient lagoons correlated with beach ridges.
164
(英文). Yu S Y; Berglund B E; Andren E;
Sandgren P. GFF, 2004, 126(3): 257-272
The mid-Holocene Littorina transgression
in southern Scandinavia is well documented.
Multiple-stratigraphic sequences in ancient
Littorina lagoons in the coastal area of
Blekinge, SE Sweden reveal a maximum relative sea level of 7-8 m above present sea level
between 8000-6000 cal. BP. Evidence for at
least two transgression waves is found within
this period. In this study these are documented
in one modern lake and correlated with an ancient beach-lagoon stratigraphy. Furthermore,
two younger transgressions are documented at
one site, altogether establishing a firm transgression chronology for the time span 80004000 cal. BP (sea level 5-8 m a.s.l.) as a basis
for understanding the dynamics of Baltic sealevel changes. Neolithic cultural layers are
correlated to regression periods, indicating
more favorable conditions for beach settlement between stormy transgression periods.
2010030553
爱 沙 尼 亚 北 部 （ Juminda 半 岛 ） 一 个 具
Eemian 间冰期沉积地点的地层学研究 =
Stratigraphy of a site with Eemian interglacial
deposits in north Estonia (Juminda Peninsula).
( 英 文 ). Kadastik E; Kalm V; Liivrand E;
Maemets H; Sakson M. GFF, 2003, 125(4):
229-236
Sediment lithology, lithofacies relationships,
palynological and diatom analysis indicate
that two drill cores extracted from ancient valleys of the Juminda Peninsula, north Estonia,
represent a previously undetected interglacial
sedimentary sequence sandwiched between
the Middle and Late Pleistocene glacigenic
deposits. Four different coloured major lithofacies associations (units), representing two
glacigenic cycles, and deposits with the Late
Saalian pollen assemblages zone (LS1), the
uppermost Eemian (E9), and Early Weichselian pollen zone (EW) were distinguished at
the section. The bottommost depositional unit
consists of brownish coloured clay, diamicton
and gravel beds. The second depositional unit,
correlative to the Eemian Interglacial, consists
of a black organic-rich palaeosoil and stratified sand. A thick grey coloured bed of massive and partly stratified Weichselian diamicton, sand, clay and silt comprises the third unit,
and the fourth, the topmost depositional unit,
consists of yellowish grey sands and silts of
the Baltic Sea.
2010030554
瑞典最南部威赫塞尔晚期 Low Baltic 的冰
进和冰退回顾 = Readvance and retreat of the
Late Weichselian Low Baltic ice stream in
southernmost Sweden - a review. ( 英 文 ).
Ringberg B. GFF, 2003, 125(3): 169-176
The aim of this study was to review old and
new evidence for the readvance and retreat of
the Low Baltic ice stream. The review is based
partly on new field observations from southernmost Sweden and new dates relating to the
marginals of the ice stream. The diamicton
deposited by the Low Baltic ice stream is
mainly a subglacial till (Malmo till) rich in
clay and chalk. In addition, there are clasts
and microfossils in the till derived from the
bedrock in the Baltic area. This suggests that
they were transported up to 700 km. The likelihood is that the ice moved upon a subglacial
bed of mainly fine-grained, deformable sediments. It is also possible to think that the ice
shut-down of the deforming bed-driven ice
stream, was the result of sediment exhaustion.
The sharp limits and low level of the Malmo
till, and the sharp limit between an area of low
relief hummocky moraine and an area of high
relief hummocky landscape, are indicative of
deposition from a lowland ice stream. The
dating of the deglaciation of the Low Baltic
ice stream shows that the ice stream existed
approximately 18 000 to 14 600 calendar
years BP. At the end of this period the first
stage of the Baltic Ice Lake opened.
2010030555
瑞典东南部 Karlskrona-Hultsfred 地区的
成层粘土年代学 = Local clay-varve chronology in the Karlskrona-Hultsfred region, southeast Sweden. (英文). Ringberg B; Hang T;
Kristiansson J. GFF, 2002, 124(2): 79-86
A local varve chronology from southeast
Sweden between the town of Karlskrona in the
province of Blekinge and Hultsfred in the
province of Smaland is presented. The chronology covers approximately 800 varve-years.
The glaciolacustrine varves were deposited in
the Baltic Ice Lake during the Late Weichselian deglaciation. The study includes 60
connected and 56 unconnected varve series
and shows that the ice recession rates vary
between 75-125 m/year and 250-340 m/year
in the southern and northern parts of the area,
respectively. An abrupt change from thin to
thick clay varves was found in the northern
part of the area. The change has been correlated with a similar change of silty varves in
the bottom bed of one of the delta plains close
165
to the highest shoreline. This change in the
meltwater deposition has been hypothetically
correlated with the transition between the
Older Dryas (GI-1d) and Allerod (GI-1c)
chronozones, or around 13,750 GRIP years.
2010030556
波罗的海北部哥特兰岛-希乌马岛地区基岩
序列的结构和地形 = The structure and relief
of the bedrock sequence in the GotlandHiiumaa area, northern Baltic Sea. ( 英 文 ).
Tuuling I; Floden T. GFF, 2001, 123(1): 3549
Based on high resolution seismic reflection
profiling, structural and relief maps of the
sedimentary bedrock between Gotland and
Hiiumaa in the Baltic Sea have been composed and analysed. The general structure and
relief of the submarine Lower Palaeozoic succession reveal a westward extension of the
homoclinal structure distinguished in the Estonian mainland, The main bedrock structures
offshore are 1-4 km wide. and several tens of
kilometres long, linear zones of disturbances.
On the structural map, these disturbances appear as submeridional zones of contour
changes, up to several tens of metres in offset.
The seismic profiles usually reveal a faint
flexure-like bending of the layers through the
zone. Locally. this flexure can be intersected
by small faults. These bedrock structures are
ascribed to fault movements in the crystalline
basement. Two different bedrock relief systems were superposed on the region during the
Cenozoic uplift and the Pleistocene glaciations.
The first event resulted in the formation of a
subparallel cuesta-like system of alternating
erosional scarps and plains. Glacial erosion
created submeridional valleys and troughs.
Today three large bedrock forms, namely the
Baltic and the Silurian clints and the Ordovician plateau, characterize the area. The outlines of the cuesta relief, and the amount of
eroded sediments, advocate a regional increase in erosional activity from the St. Petersburg district to the area of the BalticBothnian mobile zone northeast of Gotland.
This zone existed as a subsided meridional
lower ground during the Cenozoic, accommodating a main river that collected water both
from the craton margins and the inner platform areas.
2010030557
古新世-始新世之交大陆碳循环对全球变化
的回应 = The responses of the terrestrial carbon cycle to global change across the Paleo-
cene/Eocene boundary. (英文). Beerling D J.
GFF, 2000, 122(1): 23-23
2010030558
东欧古近纪早期气候波动和微生物群的迁
徙 = Early Paleogene climatic fluctuations and
migrations of microbiota in the East European
realm. (英文). Beniamovskii V N. GFF, 2000,
122(1): 24-26
2010030559
晚古新世最暖期的"暖盐湖底水"？ =
"Warm saline bottom water" during the
LPTM?. (英文). Bice K L. GFF, 2000, 122(1):
27-28
2010030560
古新世至始新世早期特提斯海南部和北部
边缘的气候演化 = Climatic evolution on the
southern and northern margins of the Tethys
from the Paleocene to the early Eocene. (英
文). Bolle M P, Pardo A, Adatte T, Tantawy A
A, Hinrichs K U, Von Salis K, Burns S.
GFF, 2000, 122(1): 31-32
2010030561
巴基斯坦 Baluchistan 省 Ghazij 组（始新
世早期）的构造和生物地理学含义 = Tectonic and biogeographic implications of the
Ghazij Formation (lower Eocene), Baluchistan
Province, Pakistan. (英文). Clyde W C; Khan
I H. GFF, 2000, 122(1): 34-35
2010030562
北高加索中部地区的古近纪序列：对古环
境变化的相应 = A Paleogene sequence in
central North Caucasus: A response to paleoenvironmental changes. (英文). Gavrilov Y
O; Shcherbinina E A; Muzylov N G.
GFF, 2000, 122(1): 51-53
2010030563
早古新世深水 Biscay 海湾的沉积学演化
（原始大西洋）：气候和构造控制 = Sedimentary evolution of the early Paleogene
deep-water Gulf of Biscay (proto-Atlantic):
Climatic and tectonic controls. ( 英 文 ).
Gawenda P; Winkler W. GFF, 2000, 122(1):
54-55
2010030564
美国东北部和巴基斯坦古新世-始新世界限
地层中的高岭土分布-气候和地层指示 =
Kaolinite distribution in Paleocene/Eocene
boundary strata of northeastern United States
166
and Pakistan - climatic and stratigraphic implications. (英文). Gibson T G; Bybell L M;
Thomas E; Zachos J C. GFF, 2000, 122(1):
56-56
2010030565
欧洲和北美古新世-始新世界限地层和大陆
脊 椎 动 物 群 = Paleocene/Eocene boundary
and continental vertebrate faunas of Europe
and North America. (英文). Gingerich P D.
GFF, 2000, 122(1): 57-59
2010030566
Spitsbergen 地区的古近纪气候 = Palaeogene climates of Spitsbergen. (英文). Golovneva L B. GFF, 2000, 122(1): 62-63
2010030567
加勒比盆地始新世孢粉植物群和陆相环境
= Palynofloras and terrestrial environments in
the Eocene of the Caribbean Basin. (英文).
Graham A. GFF, 2000, 122(1): 64-64
2010030568
Anthering 露头（奥地利），一个古地中海
与欧洲西北部古新世-始新世界线附近地层
对比的关键剖面 = The Anthering outcrop
(Austria), a key-section for correlation between Tethys and northwestern Europe near
the Paleocene/Eocene boundary. ( 英 文 ).
Heilmann-Clausen C, Egger H. GFF, 2000,
122(1): 69-69
2010030569
丹麦古新世晚期最暖期 C13 漂移? = The
late Paleocene thermal maximum delta C-13
excursion in Denmark?. ( 英 文 ). HeilmannClausen C; Schmitz B. GFF, 2000, 122(1):
70-70
2010030570
古新世晚期极热事件天然气水合物分解假
说：来自北大西洋的新证据 = The LPTM
gas hydrate dissociation hypothesis: New evidence from the western North Atlantic. (英文).
Katz M E; Pak D K; Dickens G R; Miller K G.
GFF, 2000, 122(1): 84-85
2010030571
古近纪深海底栖有孔虫方解石中 Mg/Ca 和
Sr/Ca 的古温度和海洋化学记录 = Palaeotemperature and ocean chemistry records for
the Palaeogene from Mg/Ca and Sr/Ca in benthic foraminiferal calcite. (英文). Lear C H;
Wilson P A; Shackleton N J; Elderfield H.
GFF, 2000, 122(1): 93-93
2010030572
始新世中期化石年代地层 Eckfeld 小火山
口 = The middle Eocene fossillagerstatte Eckfeld Maar. ( 英 文 ). Lutz H; Neuffer F O.
GFF, 2000, 122(1): 95-96
2010030573
美国东部海湾海岸平原古新统-下始新统地
层中的古环境和地层变化 = Paleoenvironmental and stratigraphic changes in Paleocene
and lower Eocene strata, eastern Gulf Coastal
Plain, USA. (英文). Mancini E A; Puckett T
M. GFF, 2000, 122(1): 99-100
2010030574
一个非均衡世界中的“平静”：始新世早期
再访 = 'Equability' in an unequal world: The
early Eocene revisited. (英文). Markwick P J;
Valdes P J; Sellwood B W; Pierrehumbert R T.
GFF, 2000, 122(1): 101-102
2010030575
西班牙 Campo 地区古新世/始新世界线的
综 合 地 层 学 研 究 = Integrated stratigraphy
across the Paleocene/Eocene boundary at
Campo, Spain. (英文). Molina E; Angori E;
Arenillas I; Monechi S; Schmitz B.
GFF, 2000, 122(1): 106-107
2010030576
地中海地区上古新统生物地层学：生物带
标志，穿时性和埋藏学问题 = Upper Paleocene biostratigraphy in the Mediterranean region: Zonal markers, diachronism, and preservational problems. (英文). Monechi S; Angori
E; Speijer R P. GFF, 2000, 122(1): 108-110
2010030577
比利时西北部 Knokke 钻孔再分析：北海
盆地南部古新世-始新世过渡地层的新资料
= The Knokke borehole of northwestern Belgium re-analysed: New data on the PaleoceneEocene transitional strata in the southern
North Sea Basin. (英文). Moorkens T; Steurbaut E; Jutson D; Dupuis C. GFF, 2000,
122(1): 111-114
2010030578
西班牙庇里牛斯山西部上古新统-下始新统
地层：陆架与盆地的对比 = Upper Paleocene-lower Eocene strata of the western Pyrenees, Spain: A shelf-to-basin correlation. (英
167
文 ). Pujalte V; Baceta JI; Payros A; OrueEtxebarria X; Schmitz B. GFF, 2000, 122(1):
129-130
2010030579
始新世早期北大西洋是与古地中海通过北
极区相连的吗？来自硅质浮游生物的证据
= Was the North Atlantic connected with the
Tethys via the Arctic in the early Eocene?
Evidence from siliceous plankton. (英文). Radionova E P; Khokhlova I E. GFF, 2000,
122(1): 133-134
2010030580
古新世晚期事件和潜在的相关前驱事件：
来自埃及的最早结果 = The late Paleocene
event and a potential precursor compared:
First results from Egypt. (英文). Speijer R P.
GFF, 2000, 122(1): 150-151
2010030581
有关中东古新世晚期全球变化的生物和地
层学资料综述 = A synthesis of biotic and
stratigraphic data from the Middle East on late
Paleocene global change. (英文). Speijer R P;
Schmitz B. GFF, 2000, 122(1): 152-153
2010030582
突尼斯中部 Kalaat Senan 剖面：一个达宁
阶-塞兰特阶界限可能的参考剖面 = The
Kalaat Senan section in central Tunisia: A potential
reference
section
for
the
Danian/Selandian boundary. (英文). Steurbaut
E; Dupuis C; Arenillas I; Molina E; Matmati
M F. GFF, 2000, 122(1): 158-160
2010030583
坦桑尼亚中部更新世晚期塌积物：对气候
变化的侵蚀相应？ = Late Pleistocene colluvial deposits in central Tanzania; erosional
response to climatic change?. (英文). Eriksson
M G; Olley J M; Payton R W. GFF, 1999,
121(3): 198-201
Two major colluvial deposits have been
identified on the slopes of the Irangi Hills in
north central Tanzania. The oldest of these
occurs in shallow depressions on the pediment
slopes. The time of deposition has been dated
by the use of optical stimulated luminescence
(OSL) dating techniques to Late Pleistocene.
The OSL dates were 14,700+/-1600,
14,200+/-1500, and 11,400+/-1300 years. In
Late Pleistocene time the climate changed
from dry to wet conditions throughout much
of the tropics and this time period is fre-
quently reported as a period characterised by
enhanced soil erosion. It is likely that the older
colluvial unit in the Irangi Hills was formed as
a result of climatic change when rainfall increased ahead of a vegetation change and
thereby provided conditions favourable for
soil erosion. The younger colluvial unit
yielded deposition ages of 400-600 years and
is part of a number of successive erosion and
deposition periods during the last millenium,
probably as a result of anthropogenic impact
on the landscape.
2010030584
瑞典东南部 Blekinge 地区年冲积层纹泥的
图像分析 = Image analysis of rhythmites in
proximal varves in Blekinge, southeastern
Sweden. (英文). Lindeberg G; Ringberg B.
GFF, 1999, 121(3): 182-186
Image analysis is evaluated as a method to
study the nature of the rhythmites in thick
proximal varves in the bottom bed of the Bredakra glaciolacustrine delta, southeastern
Sweden. The method used was greyscale and
colour profiling on digital images. The greyscale curve reflects the relative grain size of
the sediment and the results show that it is
possible to graphically reproduce both the
thickness variations of the rhythmites and the
gradation between the different sublayers.
Data confirm earlier field observations from
the area that the rhyhmites in the proximal
varves reflect the diurnal transportation in the
meltwater streams. The mean value of six
measured varves shows that the summer layers consist of c. 50 diurnal couplets. If the analysed laminae are formed of unmistakable diurnal couplers the duration of the intense melting period was c. 50 days during the Late
Weichselian deglaciation of the Bolling
Chronozone (G1-1e) in southeastern Sweden.
Future work will show if the image analysis
can be used to determine the duration of the
intense melting periods regionally and in that
connection also as a tool to determine the
abrupt climate changes between the different
chronozones during the Late Weichselian deglaciation.
2010030585
根据瑞典南部 Fyledalen 的泉华沉积推测晚
冰期和全新世早期环境 = Lateglacial and
Early Holocene environments inferred from a
tufa deposit at Fyledalen, S-Sweden. (英文).
Gedda B; Lemdahl G; Gaillard M J.
GFF, 1999, 121(1): 33-41
168
A reinvestigation of a tufa deposit in Skane,
including a number of biostratigraphical
methods and chronology was carried out. The
tufa was formed in a paludal environment during the time period c. 9,500 to 8,000 BP. This
period is characterised by exceptional low
lake levels and high summer temperatures in
southern Sweden. This may suggest that optimal conditions for tufa formation at the site
coincided with warm and dry climate conditions, a low groundwater table, and high
evaporation. During periods with colder conditions and/or higher groundwater table pear
was deposited. The changes in the local environment at and around the site were inferred
from the biostratigraphical records of pollen,
plant macrofossils, molluscs, and insects. The
results demonstrate a development from a
dwarf shrub tundra during the Late-glacial,
which turned to an open birch/pine woodland
around 10,000 BP. At c. 9,000 BP hazel and
birch were probably the dominant tree species
in the woodland. The mollusc record suggests
that the woodland remained relatively open
until c. 8,500 BP when tree taxa such as alder,
oak and elm became established in the Fyledalen valley. The site remained a marsh
throughout the studied period, however, the
results indicate a succession of different marsh
plant communities.
2010030586
安第斯山中心南部更新世常见气候类型：
山岳冰川的控制作用和古气候意义 = Average Pleistocene climatic patterns in the southern central Andes: Controls on mountain glaciation and paleoclimate implications. (英文).
Haselton K; Hilley G; Strecker M R. Journal
of Geology, 2002, 110(2): 211-226
Despite elevations of 5000-6800 m, modern
glaciers occur along the southern Puna Plateau
and the northern Sierras Pampeanas in the
southern central Andes. The modern snowline
rises from 5100 m in Sierra Aconquija to 5800
m in the Puna as a result of a westward decrease in precipitation from 450 to less than
100 mm/yr. During the Pleistocene these arid
highlands experienced multiple cirque and
valley glaciation that likely postdate the last
interglacial period, although lack of age control prevents an absolute chronology. Glaciation in the Puna and along the eastern Puna
edge produced a 300-m Pleistocene snowline
(PSL) depression, while in the Sierras Pampeanas the PSL depression was at least 900 m.
The greater PSL depression in the Sierras
Pampeanas is best explained by a combination
of cooling and increase of easterly moisture,
whereas the PSL depression in the Puna appears more sensitive to moisture increases
than temperature. Previously, glaciations in
this region have been explained by increased
precipitation, with a westward depression of
the snowline caused by a northward shift of
the Pacific anticyclone and equatorward shift
of the westerlies. However, these PSL results
require an increase of moisture from the east
rather than from the west. Further, analysis of
topographic data indicates that drainage-basin
relief decreases north of 28degreesS. The regional landscape response suggests that the
circulation patterns currently observed have
persisted at least during the Pleistocene and
perhaps during the past several million years.
2010030587
北海盆地南部（比利时北部）上中新统：
用沟鞭藻囊孢进行古环境和地层学重建 =
The Upper Miocene of the southern North Sea
Basin (northern Belgium): a palaeoenvironmental and stratigraphical reconstruction using dinoflagellate cysts. (英文). Louwye S; De
Schepper S; Laga P; Vandenberghe N. Geological Magazine, 2007, 144(1): 33-52
Organic-walled palynomorph assemblages
from the Kasterlee Formation in northern Belgium provide new insights into the Late Miocene depositional history and palaeoenvironments of the southernmost North Sea Basin.
Ranges of key dinoflagellate cysts constrain
the unit between 7.5 and 5.32 Ma, that is, a
latest Tortonian to Messinian age. The palynomorph assemblage is characterized,
amongst others, by Geonettia clineae, an opportunistic species that thrives in mesotrophic,
coastal embayments with a low sediment influx. This environmental setting is corroborated by the notable presence of Gramocysta
verricula, a species with preference for shallow marine environments. The occurrence of
species of the fresh water green alga Pediastrum indicates manifest river discharge in a
near-shore environment or embayment. The
coastal depositional environment mirrored by
the palynomorphs of the Kasterlee Formation
succeeds the distinct transgressive and fully
marine environments of the underlying Diest
Formation in the Campine area. The results
from the palynological study, combined with
lithological and geophysical data, show that
both Upper Miocene formations are two distinct depositional cycles separated by an erosional or regressive phase. The upper boundary of the Kasterlee Formation is correlated
169
with the Me2 sequence boundary at 5.73 Ma.
The Kasterlee Formation is herein formally
moved from the Lower Pliocene series to the
Upper Miocene series. The coastal environment, probably characterized by a shoaling
phase, recorded at the border of the southern
North Sea Basin, matches the global record of
regressive phases in Messinian sedimentary
sequences, which are linked to cooling and
increasing global ice volume.
2010030588
古近纪 Sevkhuul 和 Ergil 段（蒙古南戈壁
沙漠 Ergililn Zoo 组）的岩相和河-湖环境
= Lithofacies and fluvial-lacustrine environments of the palaeogene Sevkhuul and Ergil
members (Ergililn Zoo Formation, south Gobi,
Mongolia). (英文). Dill H G; Khishigsuren S;
Bulgamaa J; Bolorma K; Melcher F. Geological Magazine, 2006, 143(2): 165-179
The elastic sequence of the Ergiliin Zoo
Formation stretches along the MongolianChinese border in the southern Gobi Desert,
Mongolia. Its members (Sevkhuul, Ergil) exposed in the Erdene Sum region are well
known for their vertebrate remains of Late
Eocene and Oligocene age. Based upon field
work, the continental red beds were subdivided into four units described as (I)
prodelta/mud-sand flat, (II) delta front, (III)
delta plain and (IV) calcretes. All subenvironments are in a fluvial-lacustrine setting.
Electronmicroprobe analysis, in addition to
conventional thin-section examination, was
applied to shed some light on the complex
mineral association made up of light minerals
(quartz, plagioclase, ternary feldspar, orthoclase, smectite, illite, rare palygorskite), heavy
minerals (almandine-pyrope solid solution
series, zoisite-epidote s.s.s.) and abundant
goethite and carbonate minerals (calcite,
dolomite). Igneous rocks being exposed in the
source area have contributed to the formation
of carbonate minerals and Mg-bearing sheet
silicates during diagenesis. Higher up on the
delta plain transitional between distal alluvial
and deltaic deposits, fluids emerged from the
distal alluvial-fluvial deposits and formed calcareous duricrusts. Drawing conclusions from
the rock colour, the mineral assemblage and
the palaeoecological data, the climatic conditions may be described as alternating wet and
dry seasons, closely resembling those conditions of a modern savannah.
2010030589
全新世泥质沉积的 Rb-Sr 系统学以及它们
对全岩定年的影响 = Rb-Sr systematics of
Holocene pelitic sediments and their bearing
on whole-rock dating. (英文). Cordani U G;
Mizusaki A M; Kawashita K; Thomaz-Filho
A. Geological Magazine, 2004, 141(2): 233244
In many cases, when dealing with argillaceous fine-grained sedimentary rocks, the isotopic ages obtained from Rb-Sr whole-rock
isochron calculations are of geological significance, despite the fact that the initial conditions of Sr isotopic homogenization are not
fulfilled. To explain this, a mechanical mixing
during deposition has been suggested, leading
to an aggregate of mixed material with fairly
uniform Sr-87/Sr-86 values, whatever Rb/Sr
ratio is found in the analysed samples. This
investigation of the behaviour of Rb and Sr
during sedimentation and early diagenesis,
involves study of more than 60 samples of
fine-grained recent sediments from selected
coastal localities of Brazil. The results indicate
that pelitic samples from some recent to present-day transitional or shallow marine environments, such as the Jacarepagua tidal flat
and the Amazonas River mouth, where halmirolysis could have occurred, may produce
nearly horizontal best-fit lines in a Rb-Sr
isochron diagram. Moreover, the initial isotopic Sr-87/Sr-86 ratios appear to be well
above 0.710. In open marine environments,
such as the Campos Basin, where sampling
was spread over more than 100 metres, exchanges between the argillaceous sediments
and seawater potentially happen at low temperature, inducing a reduction of the Sr-87/Sr86 isotopic composition of the sediments to
nearly 0.710. An almost horizontal best-fit
line is produced for the entire stratigraphic
section, independent of the sedimentation age.
We believe that in similar environments such
'zero age isochrons' are maintained for some
time, testifying to exchanges between the
sediment and the interstitial fluids, before the
onset of burial diagenesis. The above described studies on fine-grained and recent argillaceous sediments seem to confirm the production of horizontal best-fit lines in isochron
diagrams, justifying the application of the RbSr whole-rock method to pelitic sedimentary
rocks. The nature of the material is critical.
The pelitic sediments to be analysed should
contain only very limited amounts of coarse
clastic material (especially feldspars and mica
fragments) and consist mainly of fine clay
170
minerals in which smectites, illite and mixed
layers illite-smectite largely predominate.
2010030590
肯尼亚北部和埃塞俄比亚南部图尔卡纳洼
地中的 Gombe 群玄武岩和上新世初始沉积
= Gombe group basalts and initiation of Pliocene deposition in the Turkana depression,
northern Kenya and southern Ethiopia. (英文).
Haileab B; Brown F H; McDougall I; Gathogo
P N. Geological Magazine, 2004, 141(1): 4153
A little before 4 Ma ago, deposition of Pliocene and Pleistocene strata described as the
Omo Group began in the Turkana and Omo
basins of northern Kenya and southern Ethiopia. Soon after, basaltic magma erupted as thin
lava flows, and intruded as dykes into the oldest Pliocene strata of the basin. These flows
and intrusions are similar petrographically and
geochemically, and mark a basaltic magmatic
event spanning latitudes from 2degrees45'N to
6degrees45'N at a longitude of about
36degrees E. By 3.94 Ma, this basaltic magmatic activity had ceased. Previous researchers used these lavas as an important seismic
marker in their study of the southern part of
the Turkana Basin. Subsequent volcanic eruptions formed North, Central and South islands
in Lake Turkana, and the Korath Range in
southern Ethiopia. Thus there was a hiatus in
basaltic magmatic activity of nearly 4 Ma in
the area presently occupied by Lake Turkana
and the lower Omo Valley, although volcanism continued on the eastern margin of the
basin. Here we review the field occurrences of
these basalts, their distinctive petrography,
composition, age and significance to Pliocene
deposition in the basin.
2010030591
日本西南部中新世中期一个海底火山-深成
岩混合体的 K-Ar 地质年代学 = K-Ar geochronology of a middle Miocene submarine
volcano-plutonic complex in southwest Japan.
(英文). Imaoka T; Itaya T. Geological Magazine, 2004, 141(1): 1-13
A volcano-plutonic complex in the Susa
area, southwest Japan, consists of the Yamashima andesites, the Koyama gabbros and synplutonic porphyrite dykes derived from a
common basaltic andesite magma. The complex is closely associated with middle Miocene turbidite deposits. The Yamashima andesites are composed mainly of basaltic andesite
feeder dykes, massive submarine lavas with
hyaloclastites, and their reworked deposits.
The lavas and deposits immediately overlie
turbidite deposits indicating submarine volcanic activity. The Koyama gabbros formed
hornfels by contact metamorphism of the surrounding turbidites and andesites. Highly purified clinopyroxene and plagioclase mineral
separates from the Yamashima andesites were
dated by a K-Ar method using an ultra-low
blank K analysis procedure. Ages obtained
from duplicate analyses are 16.5 +/- 1.5, 15.2
+/- 1.4, 15.8 +/- 11.7, and 16.5 +/- 2.0 Ma for
clinopyroxene, and 14.2 +/- 0.8, 15.2 +/- 10.9,
and 15.6 +/- 0.9 Ma for plagioclase. The clinopyroxene and plagioclase data define a
mineral isochron age of 14.7 +/- 0.9 (1sigma)
Ma with an initial Ar-40/Ar-36 ratio of 297.3
+/- 2.4 (1sigma), suggesting that clinopyroxene has no excess argon and can be reliably
dated by K-Ar. Most of the groundmass ages
are considerably younger (12.1-14.6) than the
isochron age, perhaps due to argon loss during
alteration. The gabbros give ages of 14.2 +/0.3 and 14.1 +/- 0.3 Ma for biotite, and 13.7
+/- 0.3 and 13.7 +/- 0.7 Ma for green hornblende. The porphyrite dyke yields an age of
12.5 +/- 0.3 Ma for the groundmass, and the
pelitic hornfels gives a biotite age of 14.8 +/0.3 Ma. Our new K-Ar ages, together with
previous studies, show that a series of geological events took place in the Susa area between 16 and 13 Ma. Conglomerates and
sandstones were deposited in the beginning of
marine transgression. Subsequent abrupt
deepening led to deposition of a thick black
shale unit, turbidite deposits and large-scale
submarine channel-fill deposits. Coeval igneous activity formed the volcano-plutonic complex. The magmato-tectonic event was synchronous with the opening of the Japan Sea
and the associated clockwise rotation of the
southwest Japan are sliver, recording a unique
tectonic setting.
2010030592
第四纪碰撞后火山作用的成岩模型：安纳
托利亚中部和东部的一个研究实例 = Petrogenetic modelling of Quaternary postcollisional volcanism: a case study of central
and eastern Anatolia. (英文). Sen P A; Temel
A; Gourgaud A. Geological Magazine, 2004,
141(1): 81-98
Extensive continental collision-related volcanism occurred in Turkey during NeogeneQuaternary times. In central Anatolia, calcalkaline to alkaline volcanism began in the
Middle-Late Miocene. Here we report trace
elemental and isotopic data from Quaternary
171
age samples from central and eastern Anatolia.
Most mafic lavas from central Anatolia are
basalt and basaltic andesite, with lesser
amounts of basaltic trachyandesite and andesite. All magma types exhibit enrichment in
LILE (Sr, Rb, Ba and Pb) relative to HFSE
(Nb, Ta). Trace element patterns are characteristic of continental margin volcanism with
high Ba/Nb and Th/Nb ratios. Sr-87/Sr-86 and
Nd-143/Nd-144 isotopic ratios of central Anatolian lavas range between 0.704105-0.705619
and 0.512604-0.512849, respectively. The
Quaternary alkaline volcanism of eastern Anatolia has been closely linked to the collision
between the Arabian and Eurasian plates. Karacadag and Tendurek volcanic rocks are represented by alkali basalts and basaltic trachyandesites, respectively. As expected from their
alkaline nature, they contain high abundances
of LIL elements, but Tendurek lavas also
show depletion in Nb and Ta, indicating the
role of crustal contamination in the evolution
of these magmas. Sr-87/Sr-86 and Nd143/Nd-144 ratios of the Karacadag and Tendurek lavas range from 0.703512 to 0.704466;
0.512742 to 0.512883 and 0.705743 to
0.705889 and 0.512676, respectively. Petrogenetic modelling has been used to constrain
source characteristics for the central and eastern Anatolian volcanic rocks. Trace element
ratio plots and REE modelling indicate that
the central Anatolian volcanism was generated
from a lithospheric mantle source that recorded the previous subduction events between Afro-Arabian and Eurasian plates during Eocene to Miocene times. In contrast, The
Karacadag alkaline basaltic volcanism on the
Arabian foreland is derived from an OIB-like
mantle source with limited crustal contamination. Tendurek volcanism, located on thickened crust, north of the Bitlis thrust zone, derived from the lithospheric mantle via small
degrees (1.5%) of partial melting.
2010030593
中新世晚期华北克拉通之下高分异的岩石
圈地幔：来自铁镁质火成岩 Sr-Nd-Pb 同位
素 系 统 学 的 证 据 = Highly heterogeneous
Late Mesozoic lithospheric mantle beneath the
North China Craton: evidence from Sr-Nd-Pb
isotopic systematics of mafic igneous rocks.
(英文). Zhang H F; Sun M; Zhou M F; Fan W
M; Zhou X H; Zhai M G. Geological Magazine, 2004, 141(1): 55-62
The lithospheric mantle beneath the North
China Craton changed dramatically in its geophysical and geochemical characteristics from
Palaeozoic to Cenozoic times. This study uses
samples of Mesozoic basalts and mafic intrusions from the North China Craton to investigate the nature of this mantle in Mesozoic
times. Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic data demonstrate that
the Late Mesozoic lithospheric mantle was
extremely heterogeneous. In the central craton
or the Luzhong region, it is slightly Sr-Nd isotopically enriched, beneath the Taihangshan
region it has an EM1 character (Sr-87/(86)Sri
= 0.7050-0.7066; epsilon(Nd(t)) = -17- -10),
and beneath the Luxi-haodong region, it possesses EM2-like characteristics (Sr-87/(86)Sri
up to 0.7114). Compositional variation with
time is also apparent in the Mesozoic lithospheric mantle. Our data suggest that the old
lithospheric mantle was modified during
Mesozoic times by a silicic melt, where beneath the Luxi-Jiaodong region it was severely
modified, but in the Luzhong and Taihangshan
regions the effects were much less marked.
The silicic melt may have been the product of
partial melting of crustal materials brought
into the mantle by the subducted slab during
the formation of circum-cratonic orogenic
belts. This Mesozoic mantle did not survive
for a long time, and was replaced by a Cenozoic mantle with depleted geochemical characteristics.
2010030594
加那利群岛特纳利夫岛东南部第四纪火成
碎屑物序列：大爆发，相关的破火山口沉
淀和扇形崩塌 = The Quaternary pyroclastic
succession of southeast Tenerife, Canary Islands: explosive eruptions, related caldera
subsidence, and sector collapse. ( 英 文 ).
Brown R J; Barry T L; Branney M J; Pringle
M S; Bryan S E. Geological Magazine, 2003,
140(3): 265-288
A much-revised Quaternary stratigraphy is
presented for ignimbrites and pumice fall deposits of the Bandas del Sur, in southern Tenerife. New Ar-41/Ar-39 data obtained for the
Arico, Granadilla, Fasnia, Poris, La Caleta and
Abrigo formations are presented, allowing
correlation with previously dated offshore marine ashfall layers and volcaniclastic sediments. We also provide a minimum age of 287
+/- 7 ka for a major sector collapse event at
the Gaimar valley. The Bandas del Sur succession includes more than seven widespread
ignimbrite sheets that have similar characteristics, including widespread basal Plinian layers,
predominantly phonolite composition, ignimbrites with similar extensive geographic distributions, thin condensed veneers with abun172
dant diffuse bedding and complex lateral and
vertical grading patterns, lateral gradations
into localized massive facies within palaeowadis, and widespread lithic breccia layers
that probably record caldera-forming eruptions. Each ignimbrite sheet records substantial bypassing of pyroclastic material into the
ocean. The succession indicates that Las
Canadas volcano underwent a series of major
explosive eruptions, each starting with a
Plinian phase followed by emplacement of
ignimbrites and thin ash layers, some of coignimbrite origin. Several of the ignimbrite
sheets are compositionally zoned and contain
subordinate mafic pumices and banded pumices indicative of magma mingling immediately prior to eruption. Because passage of
each pyroclastic density current was characterized by phases of non-deposition and erosion,
the entire course of each eruption is incompletely recorded at any one location, accounting for some previously perceived differences
between the units. Because each current
passed into the ocean, estimating eruption
volumes is virtually impossible. Nevertheless,
the consistent widespread distributions and the
presence of lithic breccias within most of the
ignimbrite sheets suggest that at least seven
caldera collapse eruptions are recorded in the
Bandas del Sur succession and probably
formed a complex, nested collapse structure.
Detailed field relationships show that extensive ignimbrite sheets (e.g. the Arico, Poris
and La Caleta formations) relate to previously
unrecognized caldera collapse events. We envisage that the evolution of the nested Las Cahadas caldera is more complex than previously thought and involved a protracted history of successive ignimbrite-related caldera
collapse events, and large sector collapse
events, interspersed with edifice-building
phases.
2010030595
南极洲 James Ross 岛中新世-上新世冰海
沉积的年代和环境 = Age and environment
of Miocene-Pliocene glaciomarine deposits,
James Ross Island, Antarctica. (英文). Jonkers
H A; Lirio J M; Del Valle R A; Kelley S P.
Geological Magazine, 2002, 139(5): 577-594
Knowledge of the late Miocene-Pliocene
climate of West Antarctica, recorded by sedimentary units within the James Ross Island
Volcanic Group, is still fragmentary. Late
Miocene glacio-marine deposits at the base of
the group in eastern James Ross Island (Hobbs
Glacier Formation) and Late Pliocene (3 Ma)
interglacial strata at its local top on Cockburn
Island (Cockburn Island Formation) have been
studied extensively, but other Neogene sedimentary rocks on James Ross Island have thus
far not been considered in great detail. Here,
we document two further occurrences of glaciomarine strata, included in an expanded
Hobbs Glacier Formation, which demonstrate
the stratigraphic complexity of the James Ross
Island Volcanic Group: reworked diamictites
intercalated within the volcanic sequence at
Fiordo Belen, northern James Ross Island, are
dated by Ar-40/Ar-39 and Sr-87/Sr-86 at c. 7
Ma (Late Miocene), but massive diamictites
which underlie volcanic rocks near Cape Gage,
oil eastern James Ross Island, yielded an ArAr age of < 3.1 Ma (Late Pliocene). These age
assignments are confirmed by benthic foraminiferal index species of the genus Ammoelphidiella. The geological setting and
Cassididina-dominated foraminiferal biofacies
of the rocks at Fiordo Belen suggest deposition in water depths of 150-200 m. The
periglacial deposits and waterlain tills at Cape
Gage were deposited at shallower depths (<
100 in), as indicated by all abundance of the
pectinid bivalve 'Zygochlamys' anderssoni and
the epibiotic foram Cibicides lobatulus. Macrofaunal and foraminiferal biofacies of glaciomarine and interglacial deposits share
many similarities, which suggests that temperature is not the dominant factor in the distribution of late Neogene Antarctic biota. Approximately 10 m.y. of Miocene-Pliocene climatic record is preserved within the rock sequence of the James Ross Island Volcanic
Group. Prevailing glacial conditions were
punctuated by interglacial conditions around 3
Ma.
2010030596
Taurus 高山（土耳其南部）一中新世盆地
的古环境分析及其古地理和构造意义 = Palaeoenvironmental analysis of a Miocene basin in the high Taurus Mountains (southern
Turkey) and its palaeogeographical and structural significance. (英文). Ocakoglu F. Geological Magazine, 2002, 139(4): 473-487
Determination of the relationships between
the southern, marine-dominated Miocene basins of south central Turkey and their continental hinterland in southern Turkey has traditionally been frustrated by the apparent absence of basin remnants within the Taurus
Mountains. The Dikme basin, which seems to
be an enclave of basin remnants within the
Aladag Mountains (Eastern Taurides), consists
173
mainly of coarse-grained continental sediments of various facies. These mostly earlymiddle Miocene sediments were studied to
determine the depositional environments and
the factors controlling the basin formation and
basin fill architecture, to attempt to close the
information gap between the Adana Basin to
the south and central Anatolian Miocene further to the north. A generally southwestflowing axial fluvial system and interfingering
coarse-grained marginal alluvial clastics derived from northwest and southeast were identified. The marginal facies to the northwest is
bounded by a N 55degrees E-running structural lineament, that starts from the Ecemis
Fault Zone and in digital elevation models
extends toward the north of the study area.
Along this lineament, Miocene sediments
onlap steep fault-line escarpments. Certain
Miocene levels are tectonically disrupted, and
an intraformational unconformity and boulder
conglomerates are also well-developed in the
Miocene sequence. The southeast boundary is
similarly defined by a NE-trending fault that
periodically elevated the adjacent Tufanbeyli
autochthon, producing coarse clastics from
this area. This boundary fault also induced
fining-upwards vertical patterns and synsedimentary deformation in the marginal facies.
Additionally, the central part of the basin exhibits a distinct fault-defined morphology
characterized by small-scale (tens of metres to
150 in high) valley-and-sill topography. A thin
marine interval was also encountered in the
southernmost part of the basin, indicating that
the clastic system originating around this area
debouched into a Miocene sea situated further
to the south. The proposed palaeo-geography
and basin fill model suggests that the Dikme
basin and similar Miocene remnants, all controlled mainly by a northeast-running extensional or transtensional fault system, may have
been parts of the terrestrial hinterland that
supplied sediment to rapidly subsiding marine
areas further south, such as the Adana Basin.
2010030597
查谟地区 Siwalik 沉积下部的相特征和周期
性：一个新观点 = Facies characteristics and
cyclicity of Lower Siwalik sediments, Jammu
area: a new perspective. (英文). Sharma S;
Sharma M; Singh I B. Geological Magazine, 2001, 138(4): 455-470
The Lower Siwalik succession of the
Jammu area has been distinguished into three
major lithofacies associations: a sanddominant association, a sandy-mud-dominant
association, and a siltyheterolithic association.
The sand-dominant association is made up of
three lithofacies: cross-bedded sandstone. rippled silty sandstone and bioturbated sandy
siltstone, which are organized in multistoreyed
sandbodies representing deposition in major
river channels. The sandy-mud-dominant association is made up of two lithofacies, mottled clayey siltstone and interbedded sandstone, siltstone and mudstone, representing
deposition in overbank areas of flood-plain
and natural levee-crevasse splays. The sanddominant association and sandy-muddominant association are grouped together as
a channel-related succession and are products
of processes in the river channel. The siltyheterolithic association consists of four lithofacies: mottled siltstone, mottled silty sandstone, bedded calcrete and mottled mudstone.
They are considered to be deposits of Doab
(upland interfluve) areas operating independently of present-day major river channels.
These deposits have been formed in minor
channels. sloping surfaces, and takes and
ponds of the interfluve regions. The cyclicity
of both successions (channel-related and
Doab-related) has been determined using a
partial-independence statistical model.
2010030598
纽约州东南部海德公园乳齿象化石点
LP2A 岩芯的岩石学和地层学 = Lithology
and stratigraphy of core LP2A from the Hyde
Park mastodon site, southeastern New York.
( 英 文 ). Menking Kjrsten M; Schneiderman
Jill S; Nester Peter L; Feingold Beth J; Bedient Katherine D; Collins Bevin C. Palaeontographica Americana, 2008, (61): 143-150
A sediment core was taken from the Hyde
Park mastodon site in southeastern New York
to determine the paleoenvironmental context
of the skeleton. Visual inspection of core
LP2A combined with measurements of grain
size and of organic carbon and carbonate content reveal three distinct units in the core separated by two transitional zones. From bottom
to top these units are: thinly bedded clayey silt
(225-149 cm), mottled silty marl (138-86 cm),
and peat (76-0 cm). Heavy mineral analyses
reveal that framboidal pyrite is the dominant
opaque mineral in the clayey silt, suggesting a
reducing environment that could have been
responsible for the preservation of the bedding.
Magnetite dominates the silty marl, indicative
of greater oxygenation. Taken together, the
sedimentological and mineralogical analyses
174
of core LP2A suggest evolution of an oxbow
pond.
2010030599
纽约州海德公园由乳齿象和伴生的植物大
化石所反映的当时和之前的环境 = Contemporary and prior environments of the Hyde
Park, New York, mastodon, on the basis of
associated plant macrofossils. (英文). Miller
Norton G. Palaeontographica Americana, 2008, (61): 151-181
Abundant and diverse plant macrofossils
were recovered from a stratigraphic series of
sediments in a small (40 x 28 m) wetland basin during excavation of a mastodon skeleton.
Topographic and other evidence indicate that
the basin originated during deglaciation as a
channel oxbow pond (now abandoned) of a
nearby extant stream. From ca. 13,000 to ca.
12,200 C-14 yr BP (ca. 15,000 to ca. 14,000
cal yr BP), silt and other mineral clasts were
deposited in the pond, probably intermittently,
by stream flow. As the basin became isolated
from the stream, the mode of in-filling
changed to in situ marly peat and then detrital
peat deposition. The fossil assemblage in the
basal silt was dominated by seeds and leaves
of arctic-alpine plants, indicating open ground
and cold temperatures. Assemblages did not
vary within the Tundra Zone and provide no
evidence of temperature fluctuations during
time representing Greenland (Isotope) Interstadial 1, i.e., the interstadial before the
"Younger Dryas" cold period. Fossils of Saxifraga flagellaris Willdenow, a plant now restricted in eastern North America to the High
Arctic (above 74 degrees N latitude), suggests
that permafrost was present. Fossils of tundra
plants were replaced abruptly by spruce needles and other fossils documenting the establishment of white spruce then white sprucebalsam fir-tamarack forest on surfaces above
the basin and emergent and rooted floating
aquatics in it. Fruits of Urtica dioica Linnaeus
sensu lato and seeds of Chenopodium simplex
(Torrey) Rafinesque indicate that the forest
canopy was open. A cone scale of balsam fir
from near the top of the section was dated at
11,230 +/- 50 C-14 yr BP (13,238-13,020 cal
yr BP), establishing the local presence of reproductive populations of balsam fir just before the beginning Of the "Younger Dryas"
interval, and supporting interpretations that
increased balsam fir pollen percentages are
characteristic of this cold temperature interval
in southeastern New York and adjacent areas.
Sediment younger than ca. 11,000 C-14 yr BP
(ca. 13,000 cal yr BP) was not present in the
sample series. The mastodon died in a shallow
pond in which wetland and aquatic plants
were abundant. Open white spruce-balsam firtamarack woodland occurred on the surrounding upland. The Hyde Park oxbow is the first
depositional basin of this type to be investigated in the glaciated northeastern United
States. Similar sites in other parts of glaciated
eastern North America could prove equally
informative paleoecologically, because they
could contain records that supplement or differ from those in lake basins that are usually
favored as study sites by Quaternary paleoecologists.
2010030600
利用硅藻组合来判断纽约州海德公园一个
乳齿象化石点晚更新世沉积的环境变化 =
Use of sedimentary diatom assemblages to
assess environmental changes during the Late
Pleistocene at a mastodon site in Hyde Park,
New York State. (英文). Sokal Michael A;
Hall Roland I. Palaeontographica Americana, 2008, (61): 189-195
This Study assesses changes in environmental conditions of the mid-Hudson River
Valley, New York State, from analyses of diatom assemblages (microscopic algae, Class
Bacillariophyceae) preserved in a sediment
core from an abandoned oxbow lake (Lozier
Pond, Hyde Park, Dutchess County, New
York) during the period ca. 15,000-9,000 C-14
yr BP, when mastodons were abundant, to the
time of their extinction. The analyses revealed
that the diatom taxa dominating the assemblages are typical of late Pleistocene and early
Holocene diatom communities seen in sediments of many lakes throughout temperate
regions of North America. Diatom assemblages deposited during the earliest period (ca.
15,000-12,400 C-14 yr BP) are marked by a
lack of planktonic taxa and are dominated by
small, benthic Fragilaria taxa. This is suggestive of a turbid, low-light, aquatic environment likely with low abundance of macrophytes fed by glacial meltwater or possibly a
dilute, nutrient-poor lake as a result limited
landscape development. At ca. 12,400 C-14 yr
BP, Fragilaria taxa decrease and assemblages
change to a more varied diatom flora with the
introduction of numerous new epiphytic species including Amphora pediculus (Kutzing)
Grunow, 1880, and Navicula diluviana
Krasske, 1933, possibly indicating expansion
of macrophyte beds. This flora existed for ca.
1,700 yr until a major change occurred at ca.
175
10,700 C-14 yr BE At this time, diatom assemblage composition shifted to dominance
by N. diluviana (40-70%), with further decreases in relative abundance of Fragilaria
taxa, possibly indicating a further expansion
of macrophytes. The closest modern conditions that exhibit similar diatom assemblages
are in small lakes in the high arctic and present-day periglacial environments, although
assemblages similar to those dominated by N.
diluviana, ca. 10,700-10,000 C-14 yr BP, occur in shallow, alkaline, macrophyte-rich lakes
in northeastern North America.
176