nr.1 2013

CONTENTS
Case and cornrnent
Rejection of documents tendered under a letter of credit (Fortis Bank v lndian Overseas Bank)
Reconsidering White (5 Carter v McGregor (The Aquafoith)
Unjust enrichment in a parallel universe? Restitution oftax, limitation and European law (FIl v
IRC)
A comprornise of principle? (lTS v Noble)
Rethinking the signature rule (Als Memasa v UBS)
In for a penny, in for a pound (Rubin v Eurofinanee; Netu Cap Reinsurance v Grant)
The law governing arbitration agreements in England (Sulamerica vEnesa)
Validity of a notice served under contractual rights reserved (Ener-G Holdings v Hormell)
Articles
30 years before the mast THE HON SIR BERNARD EDER
What is a "ship" under the 1952 Arrest Convention? SIMON
Territory in the Rome I and Rome 11Regulations PROFESSOR
RAINEY QC
ANDREW DICKINSON
Book reviews
Hodges: Consumer ADR in Europe
Barnett: Accounting for Profit for Breach of Contract: Theory and Practice
Part 1, February 2013
[2013] LMCLQI-136
LLOYD'S MARITIME
AND COMMERCIAL LAW
QUARTERLY
CONTENTS
Case and conunent
Rejection of documents tendered under a letter of credit
(Fortis Bank v lndian
Overseas Bank)
Reconsidering White f5 Carter v McGregor
(The Aquafoith)
5
Unjust enrichment in a parallel universe? Restitution of tax, limitation and
European law
/lA great legal resource
d
m
and one of our first
ports of cal! for legal
research..:'
EG Arghyrakis
& Co, London
(PIl
11
v lRC)
A compromise of principle?
(lTS
v Noble)
Rethinking the signature rule
(Als Memasa v UBS)
In for a penny, in for a pound
(Rubin v Eurofinanee; Neto Cap Reinsurance v Grant)
The law governing arbitration agreements in England
(Sulamerica
vEnesa)
17
21
26
31
Validity of a notice served under contractual rights reserved
(Ener-G Holdings v Hormell)
35
Articles
30 years before the mast
The Hon Sir Bernard Eder
he latest news, or to in-depth research
Simon Rainey QC
on www.shippingandtradelaw.com.
Search"Maritime Legal"
50
Territory in the Rome I and Rome II Regulations
Professor Andrew Dickinson
Book reviews
Hodges: Consumer ADR in Europe
Barnett: Accounting for Profit for Breach of Contract: Theory and Practice
egal
42
What is a "ship" under the 1952 Arrest Convention?
86
133
134
Table of Cases
utors
hould retain a copy. th top of the ürst page
s should be typeda~f a~ Artic\e, the author's
r Commenl), men: .
hort AbstraCI (of na
s should then contalhna s d of Comments and
should be siated at teen
foHowing and other matters of
dance on the
n A4 paper on one side of the page only, with
h Id pear in a footnote
present position s o~ of a: Comment or Baak
Artic\e or at the en
blic lecture) or
t an Artic\e (eg that r'~:ea~~i~~e should appear
oncermng the texi 0
AH f tnoles should be typed
I but in footnOtes.
00 added or deleled, aH
ely (so, if any footnOle IS
.
ade. olherwise, references in Book
ference IS m ,
text. nol as fO~lnoles. and specific references
its media-neutr~ ~;Ia~~rerences sbould be 10 the
so, wbere avai a e,
er 10 the Weekly Law
din the Law Reports prop din Lloyd's Reports
fficialEnglish law ;eports ~n2 [20011 UKHL 44;
Scot/and nc» Erndge ~ilaJe, citations should,
al English clla\1on IS':~C) The nominale report
Lloyd's Reports, I?
wh~n Ihe English Reports
ept on tbe ~S)Ic~a~~n~ase of overseas cases, it is
128 (Adm I..
in overseas reports, eg
on in parenthe~~0[~~~.(t972) 32 OLR (3d) 571;
lelis) [19741 Sf'
bi 10 the media neutral
to a single senes-pre
era Dnion cases should be
in both places). E~iohea;hiP Macie} Rara} (Case
Tatry V Owners oJ t e 51 1 Lloyd's Rep 302.
om The Macie) Rara{i~9 given in ful], preferably
of an aulhonty shou
e of the snip, if any, or
form (partlcularly the na(bUI not generaHy) a list
used. In appropnakledc~~~~nole(see Note 7) and the
ded to the aSlens e
citation in abbreviated farm. in
10 append 10 the
d ' .d d eg Norwich tjnion.
in which me case was eCI e ,
p 55 (NSW PC).
er tney should normaHy
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nee. eg The 10annLS Das a e IS
. I . inverted comtnas; joumal
name; title of Amc ~ mld be cited in the foHowi~g
9931RLR 3. Books s ou , name: utle of baak in
foHowedby origin~1 aU~~~ti~ns ar~ 10 be repeated);
s in parenthesIs, w er~
the Conflict of Laws. 10th
ris (ed.), Dicey & Momson
0 coHections of papers
JO. lndividual contnbUCI10nStproof (lnd punishment:
of CFH Tapper (ed.), nme,
.
" "
ir." or "loc. cit." bul, eg: supra, fn.4;
", "post , op. Cl. ,
.
. .
where made, should if posslble
epi to a mlmmum and,
. or the nearesl footnote
mng printing) bul by Ihe secUon
style grarnmar, Puncluation etc.
. t The accuracy 0 f th e
re s~bmission of the typescrIP .
inor.
Abuja International
Hotels Ltd v Meridien SAS [2012] EWHC 87 (Comm); [2012] 1 Lloyd's
~J.........................................
Rep
..........•................•..............•.........•..•.....•.....•.....•......
Ace Tnsurance Ltd v Moose Enterprise Pty [2009] NSWSC 724
Achilleas, The [2009] 1 AC 61 (HL)
Adarns v Adams [1971] P 188
Adarns v Cape Industries Plc [1990] Ch 453
Addison v Oenholm Ship Management (UK) Ltd [1997]ICR 770
AEG (UK) Ltd v Logic Resource Ltd [1996] CLC 265
Aggeliki Charis CNSA v Pagnan SpA (The Angelic Grace) [1995] I Lloyd's Rep 87 (CA)
Akai Pty Ltd v People's Insurance Co Ltd [1998] I Lloyd's Rep 90
Akande v Balfour Beatty Construction Ltd [1998] IL Pr I 10
Alaskan Trader, The [1983] 2 Lloyd's Rep 645
6-10
Alecos M, The [199 J] 1 Lloyd' s Rep 120 .
Aliakmon, The [1986] AC 785 (HL)
Allianz SpA v West Tankers Inc (The Front Comor) (Case C-185/07) [2009] ECR 1-663; [2009] 1 AC
1138; [2009] 1 Lloyd's Rep 413
.
Allied Carpets Group P1c v Nethercott [2001] BCC 81
.
Als Memasa v UBS AG [2012] SGCA 43
.
Amministrazione delle Finanze dello Stato v SpA San Giorgio (Case 199/82) ECR 3595
.
Amylum v Council (Case 108/81) [1982] ECR 3107
.
Andalusian. The (1878) LR 3 PD 182
.
Angelic Grace, The [1995] 1 Lloyd's Rep 87 (CA) see Aggeliki Charis CNSA v Pagnan SpA
Antaois [1985] AC 191 (HL)
Apostolides v Orams (Case C-420/07) [2009] ECR 1-3571
89,90,93,
Athanasia Comninos, The [1990] I Lloyd's Rep 277 .
Attorney-General (UK) v Heinemann Publishers Australia Pty Ltd (1989) 165 CLR 30
Bank of Credit and Commerce International SA v Ali [2001] UKHL 8; [2002] 1 AC 251
Bankers Trust Co v State Bank of India [1991] 1 Lloyd's Rep 587
Base Metal Trading v Shamurin [2004] EWCA Civ 1316; [2005] 1 WLR 1157
Basse and Selve v Bank of Australasia (1904) 90 LT 618
Berge Sisar, The [2002] 2 AC 205 (HL)
Beximco Pharmaceuticals Ltd v Sharnil Bank of Bahrain EC [2004] EWCA Civ 19; [2004] 1 WLR
1784
Bijela, The [1994] 1 WLR 615 (HL)
Blunden v Commonwealth [2003] HCA 73; 218 CLR 330
Blunden v Frogmore Investrnents Ltd [2003] 2 P&CR 6
British Arab Commercial Bank P1c v The National Transitional Council of the State of Libya [2011]
EWHC 2274 (Comrn)
Buchanan Ltd v McVey [1955] AC 516n
Cv 0 [2007] EWCA Civ 1282; [2008] 1 Lloyd's Rep 239
Caglar v Billingham (Inspector of Taxes) [1986] STC 150
Cambridge Gas Transportation Corp v Official Committee of Unsecured Creditors
Holdings P1c [2006] UKPC 26; [2007] 1 AC 508
Capricorn Greenland Exploration I Limited v Stichting Phoenix (LJN:BQ7690)
Carl Zeiss Stiftung v Rayner & Keeler Ltd [1967] 1 AC 853
Carradine Properties Ltd v Aslam [1976] I WLR 442
Chartbrook Ltd v Persimmon Homes Ltd [2009] UKHL 38; [2009] AC 1101
43,44
19
21
17
95
57-63
42,48
108, II1
43
27
39
5
97
5
43
100
43
127
40
110
27
32-35 passim
104
of Navigator
26,27,30
126
103, 106, 111
36
39
Page numbers in bold type indicate where the details of a particular case are examined.
Vll
TI
130
43, 49
105
28
75,76
24, 25
44,45
28
28
passim
6
42
viii
LLOYD'S
MARITIME
AND COMMERCIAL
LAW QUARTERLY
Chen Li Hung v Ting Lei Miao [2000] 1 HKLRD 252; (2000) 3 HKCFAR 9
104, 106, 117
Chikuma, The [1981] I WLR 314
42,45
Child Poverty Action Group v Secretary of State for Work and Pensions [2010] UKSC 43; [2011]2 AC
15
11, 16
Chung Chi Cheung v The King [1930] AC 160
127
Civil Aeronautics Administration v Singapore Airlines Ltd [2004] SGCA 3; [2004] 1 SLR 570; [2004]
5 LRC 154
104
Commission v Parliament and Council (Case C-178/03) [2006] ECR 1-107
95
Consmat Singapore (Pte) Ltd v Bank of America National Trust & Savings Association [1992] SGHC
146; [1992] 2 SLR (R) 195
25
Cremdean Properties v Nash [1977] 244 EG 547
23
Curtis v Chemical Cleaning and Dyeing Co [1951] 1 KB 805
24
DFDS Torli~e AlS v SEKO Sjöfolk Facker för Service och Kommunikation (Case C-18/02) [2004]
127
ECR 1-1417
.
Deutsche Morgan Grenfell Group v IRC [2006] UKHL 49; [2007] AC 558
. 11, 13
25
Do-Buy 925 Ltd v National Westminster Bank Plc [2010] EWHC 2852 (QB); [2010] AH ER (D) 231 .
Dolphin Maritime & Aviation Services Ltd v Sveriges Angfartygs Assurans Forening [2009] EWHC
125
716 (Comm); [2009] 2 Lloyd's Rep 123
.
124
Domierest Ltd v Swiss Bank Corp [1999] QB 548
.
Dominique, The [1989] AC 1056 (HL)
. 43, 48
Drouot Assurances SAS v Consolidated Metallurgical Industries (Case 351/96) ECR 1-3075; [1999]
QB 497; [1999] Lloyd's Rep IR 338 (ECJ)
43
Dumez France SA v Hessische Landesbank (Case C-220/88) [1990] ECR 1-49
124
Dynamic, The [2003] 2 Lloyd's Rep 693
6-10 passim
eDate Advertising GmbH v X and Martinez v MGN Ltd (Joined Cases C-509/09 and C-161/1O)
(Judgment of 25 October 2011)
125
Electrosteel Europe SA v Edil Centro SpA (Case C-87/10) (Judgrnent of 9 June 2011)
125
Emin v Yeldag [2002] 1 FLR 956
104, 105
Ernployers' Liability Insurance "Trigger" Litigation: BAl (Run Off) Limited v Durham [2012] UKSC
14; [2012] ICR 574; [2012] Lloyd's Rep IR 371
124
ENE Kos Ltd v Petroleo Brasileiro SA (The Kos) [2012] UKSC 17; [2012] 2 WLR 976; [2012] 2
Lloyd's Rep 292
43, 45
Ener-G Holdings Plc v Hormell [2012] EWCA Civ 1059
35
English Scottish and Australian Bank Ltd v Bank of South Africa (1922) I Ll L Rep 21
4
Equatorial Guinea v Royal Bank of Scotland International [2006] UKPC 7; [2005-06] GLR 373
27
Equitable Trust Co of New York v Dawson Partners Ltd (1927) 27 Ll L Rep 49
2,4
European and Australian Royal Mail Co v P&O Steam Navigation Co (1864) 14 LT 704
55,67, 82-84
Fanti, The and The Padre 1sland [1991] 2 AC I (HL)
Ferguson, Ex parte, (1871) LR 6 QB 280
Flanders Harmony, The, Juge des Saisies of Dendermonde: Order of 20 Sept 1982
Fletcher Steel v The Unnamed Double Ended Gravel Dredge (27 July 1988) Unreported (NZHC)
Football Cataco Ltd v Sportradar GmbH (Case C-173/11) (Judgment of 18 October 2012)
Forestall Mimosa Ltd v Oriental Credit Ltd [1986] 1 WLR 631
Fortis Bank v Indian Overseas Bank [2011] EWCA Civ 58; [2011] 2 Lloyd's Rep 33
Franked Investment Income Group Litigation (Test Claimants in the) vinland Revenue Commissioners
[2012] UKSC 19; [2012] Bus LR 1033; [2012] 2 WLR 1149
Front Comor, The, see Allianz SpA v West Tankers Inc
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
43
54,65
63
61
125
2
1
.
11
Gan Insurance Co Ltd v Tai Ping Insurance Co Ltd [1999] 2 All ER (Comrn) 54
.
Gas Float Whitton No 2, The, see Wells v The Owners of the Gas Float Whitton
Giannis NK, The [1998] AC 605 (HL)
.
Global Marine Drilling Co v Triton Holdings Ltd (The Sovereign Explorer) (23 November 1999)
Unreported CS OH)
.
Global Partners Fund Ltd v Babcock & Brown Ltd (in liq) [2010] NSWCA 196; (2010) 79 ACSR
383
.
Golden Strait Corp v Nippon Yusen Kubishika Kaisha (The Golden Victory) [2007] UKHL 12; [2007]
2 AC 353; [2007] Bus LR 997; [2007] 2 Lloyd's Rep 164
.
Golden Victory, The, see Golden Strait Corp v Nippon Yusen Kubishika Kaisha
ll5
43
76
30
45
Gur Corp v Trust
Halpern v Halpem
Harnlyn & Co v T:
Hanazalis v Court
Harlow, The [1922
Hesperides Hotels
HlH Casualty & G!
2 All ER (CO
Hill Harmony, The
Hillside (New Med
Hing Yip Fat Co L
Homawoo v GMF t
Hounslow LBC v 1
Howard v Pickford
ICDL GCC Founda
343
.
Independent Boat B
Independent Trustel
597
.
Interfoto Picture Li
International Tank
Investors Cornpens
896
.
Isabella Shipowner S
J Spurling Ltd v Br'
Jacques v Lloyd D
James (An Insolven
Jervis v Harris [199
Jurong Shipyard Pte
Kastor Too, The [2
Kinch v Bullard [I~
Kleinwort Benson v
Komninos S, The [I
Kos, The, see ENE
Kredietbank Antwerj
Kumagai-Zenecon C~
Kuwait Airways Co
AC 883
.
Kyzikos, The [1989]
L'Estrange v F Graud
Lee Chee Wei v Tan
Lipkin Gorman v K
Lipohar v The Queen
Ups, The [1988] AC
Littlewoods Retail Lt(
Lloyd v Registrar of l
Loizidou v Turkey [I!
Lorentzen v Lydden &
Lucasfilm Ltd v Ains
Mac, The (1882) 7 PD
McKain v RW Miller
Maclaine Watson &
Malas (Hamzeh) & C
Mandarin Star, The, Sf
Page nurnbers in bold type indicate where the details of a particular case are exarnined.
Page numbè
104 , 106,
42 117
45
AR 9
ix
TABLE OF CASES
LAW QUARTERLY
[ïöïöïuKSC'43:"[ïöïïï'i'Aë
....................................
Gur Corp v Trust Bank of Africa Ltd [1987] QB 599
HaIpern v Halpern [2007] EWCA Civ 291; [2007] 2 Lloyd's Rep 56
100
Hamlyn & Co v TaIisker Distillery [1984] AC 202
35
HanazaIis v Court of the Greek Orthodox Patriarchate, HC 171/68, 23(1) PD 260 (SC of Israel)
121
Harlow, The [1922] P 175
68
Hesperides Hotels Ltd v Aegean Turkish Holidays Ltd [1978] QB 205
104-106 passim
HIH CasuaIty & General Insurance Ltd v New Hampshire Insurance Co [2001] EWCA Civ 735; [2001]
2 AU ER (Cornrn) 39
25
Hili Harmony, The [2001] 1 AC 638 (HL)
43
Hillside (New Media) Ltd v Baasland [2010] EWHC 3336 (Comm); [2010] 2 CLC 986....................
125
Hing Yip Fat Co Ltd v Daiwa Bank [1991] 2 HK 35
3
- Homawoo v GMF Assurances SA (Case C-412/10) [2012] EWHC 1941 (QB); [2011] IL Pr 12
91-92,105,
124
6, 7
Hounslow LBC v Twickenham Garden Developments [1071] Ch 233
.
Howard v Pickford Tooi Co Ltd [1951] 1 KB 417
.
6
11', 16
127
104
95
..................................
1-107
··································
. gs Association [1992] SGHC
25
23
24
.....................................
......................•..................
...........................................
'kation (Case C·18/02) [2004]
...................................
C 558
.
(QB); [2010] AHER (D) 231 .
surans Forening [2009] EWHC
................................................
...................................
..;~'3sÏï96j' EëR'Ï~3Ö75:'"[ï999j
.........................................
127
11, 13
25
ICDL GCC Foundation FZ-LLC v European Computer Driving Licence Foundation Ltd [2011] IEHC
343
.
Independent Boat Builders v the Unnamed Ship (1996) PRNZ 670
.
Independent Trustee Services Ltd v GP Noble Trustees Ltd [2012] EWCA Civ 195; [2012] 3 WLR
597
.
Interfoto Picture Library Ltd v Stiletto Visual Programmes Ltd [1989] I QB 433
.
International Tank & Pipe SAK v Kuwait Fuelling Co KSG [1975] QB 224
.
Investors Compensation Scheme Ltd v West Bromwich Building Soc [1997] UKHL 28; [1998]1 WLR
896
.
Isabella Shipowner SA v Shagang Shipping Co Ltd (The Aquafaith) [2012] EWHC 1077 (Comm)
.
125
124
43,48
43
124
passim
:::::·.·.:·.::·.·.·.::··~io
] ECR I~49.:::·.::::·.·
••
101
Cases C-509/09 and C-161/1O)
125
......
125
nt of 9 Iune 2011)
.
.......................................................
104, 105
Limited v Durham [2012] UKSC
124
43,45
35
4
(1922) I Ll L Rep 21
27
UKPC 7; [2005-06] GLR 373
2 4
7 Ll L Rep 49
'
'84
n Co (1864) 14 LT 704
55, 67, 82-
17
24, 25
32
36, 39
5
.
.
.
.
.
24
24
104
Kastor Too, The [2004] 2 Lloyd's Rep 119 (CA)
.
Kinch v Bullard [1999] 1 WLR 423
.
Kleinwort Benson v Lincoln City Council [1999] 2 AC 349
.
Komninos S, The [1991] 1 Lloyd's Rep 370
.
Kos, The, see ENE Kos Ltd v Petrol eo Brasileiro SA
Kredietbank Antwerp v Midland Bank Plc [1999] Lloyd's Rep Bank 219
.
Kumagai-Zenecon Consttuction Pte Ltd v Arab Bank Ltd [1997]2 SLR 805; aff'd [1997]3 SLR 770 .
Kuwait Airways Corp v Iraqi Airways Co [2001]1 Lloyd's Rep 161 (CA); [2002] UKHL 19; [2002]
AC 883
.
Kyzikos, The [1989] AC 1264 (HL)
.
43
41
11
130
109
42, 48
L'Estrange v F Graucob Ltd [1934] 2 KB 394
Lee Chee Wei v Tan Hor Peow Victor [2007] SGCA 22; [2007] 3 SLR(R) 537
Lipkin Gorman v Karpnale [1991] 2 AC 548
Lipohar v The Queen [1999] HCA 65; 200 CLR 485
Lips, The [1988] AC 395 (HL)
Littlewoods Retail Ltd and Others v HMRC (Case C-591/10) [2012] EUECJ C-591/10
Lloyd v Registrar of Ships [1989] NZLR 586
Loizidou v Turkey [1997] 23 AHRR 513
Lorentzen v Lydden & Co Ltd [1942] 2 KB 202
Lucasfilm Ltd v Ainsworth [2011] UKSC 39; [2012] 1 AC 208
24
22, 23
20
110
43
16, 17
60-62
108
28
109
J Spurling Ltd v Bradshaw [1956] 1 WLR 461
Jacques v Lloyd D George & Partners Ltd [1968] 1 WLR 625
Jarnes (An Insolvent), Re, [1977] Ch 41
Jervis v Harris [1996] Ch 195 (CA)
Jurong Sbipyard Pte Ltd v BNP Paribas [2008] SGHC 86; [2008] 4 SLR(R) 33
ï7';"[ïö'iïï'ï"w"LR'976';"[ïÖïïï'ï
129
60-64
6
22
..............................
.........................................
43
............................................. 54.65
~··;f·ïö··s~~;·ï98ï":::::::·.::::·.::::·.:::::::::: ~i
July 1988) Unreported (NZHC)
ent of 18 October 2012)
.
12~
iïïï·Li;~d;~··R~~··3·3··:::·.·.:·.::·:::·.·
..::·.::·....
e) vinland Revenue Commlssloners
49
IER (Comm) 54
as Float Whitton
.
.
1
11
115
43
···i~;;··Ë;;i~;~·~ï·(23··N~~~~b~~··ï999)
76
ö'ïoï'NS'wêÄ'ï96';"(2ö'iö)'79"Aës"~
30
"'~~"Vi'~~~'~)'[2ÖÖ7i'UKHL'ï2";'"[iöÖ7j 45
............................................................
ils of a particular case are examined.
2
2
Mac, The (1882) 7 PD 126; 4 Asp MLC 555 (CA)
McKain v RW Miller & Co [1991] HCA 56; 174 CLR 1
Mac1aine Watson & Co Ltd v Council and Commis sion (Case C/241/87) [1990] ECR 1-1797
Malas (Hamzeh) & Co v British Imex Industries [1958] 2 QB 127
Mandarin Star, The, see Nishina Trading Co Ltd v Chiyoda Fire and Marine Ins Co Ltd
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
66, 68, 73, 75
110
109
4
Page numbers in bold type indicate where the details of a particular case are examined.
x
LLOYD'S
MARITIME
AND
COMMERCIAL
LAW
QUARTERLY
Mannai LId v Eagle Star Association Co LId [1997] AC 749
36
Maple Leaf Macro Volatility Master Fund v Rouvroy [2009] EWHC 256 (Comm); [2009] 1 Lloyd's
Rep 475
124
Mareva CNSA v International Bulkcarriers SA (The Mareva) [1975] 2 Lloyd's Rep 509 (CA)
46
Marinari v Lloyds Bank Plc (Case C-364/93) [1995] ECR 1-2719
124
Marks & Spencer Plc v Commissioners of Cu stoms & Excise (Case C-62/00) [2000] ECR 1-6325;
[2003] QB 866
15
Marleasing SA v La Comercial Intemacional de Alimentación SA (Case C-J06/89) [1990] ECR
1-4135
16
Marques de Bolarque, The [1984] 1 Lloyd's Rep 652
32
Mbasogo v Logo LId [2007] EWCA Civ 1370; [2007] QB 846
27
Merchants Marine lnsurance Co LId v North of England P&I Assn (1926) 26 LI L Rep 201
51,68,70,75,
85
Metallgesellschaft Ltd v IRC (Joined Cases C-397/98 and C-4JO/98) [2001] ECR 1-1727; [2001] Ch
620
11
Ministry of Health v Simpson [1948] Ch 465
20
Ministry of Sound (Ireland) Ltd v World Online Ltd [2003] EWHC 2178 (Ch)
_..................
6, 10
Mirador International LLC v MF Global UK LId [2012] EWCA Civ 1662..........................................
39
Missouri Steamship Co, Re (1889) LR 42 Ch D 321
35
Monro v HMRC [2008] EWCA Civ 306; [2009] Ch 69
16
Moti v The Queen [2011] HCA 50; 283 ALR 293
IlO
Murthy v Sivasjothi [1999] 1 WLR 467
29
Musawi v RE International (UK) Ltd [2007] EWHC 2981; [2007] ArbLR 43
100
Namibia (South West Africa) (1971) ICJ Reports 16
103-108 passim
National Westminster Bank Ltd v Betchworth Investments LId [1975] I EGLR 57
40
Neilson v Overseas Projects Corp of Victoria LId [2005] HCA 54; 223 CLR 334
94
Nema, The, see Pioneer Shipping Ltd v BTP Tioxide LId
New Cap Reinsurance Corp v Grant [2011] EWCA Civ 971; [2012] 2 WLR 1095
26
Newborough v Jones [1975] Ch 90
40
Nicholas H, The [1996] I AC 211 (HL)
43
Niedersachsen, The, see Ninemia Maritime Corp v Trave Schiffahrts GmbH
Ninemia Maritime Corp v Trave Schiffahrts GmbH (The Niedersachsenï [1983] 2 Lloyd's Rep 600
(CA)
42, 46, 47
Nippon Yusen Kaisha v Karageorgis [1975] I WLR 1093 (CA)
46
Nishina Trading Co Ltd v Chiyoda Fire and Marine Ins Co Ltd (The Mandarin Star) [1969]2 QB 449
47
North Goodwin No 16, The [1980] I L1oyd's Rep 71
67,77
North Sea Continental Shelf Case [1969] ICJ Rep 3
126
O'Driscoll v J Ray McDermott SA [2006] WASCA 25
94
Ocean Chemical Transport Inc v Exnor Craggs Ltd [2000] 1 L1oyd's Rep 446
24
Oceanbulk Shipping & Trading SA v TMT Asic Ltd [2010] 3 WLR 1424 (SC)
43
Odenfeld, The [1978] 2 L1oyd's Rep 357
6--10 passim
Orient Centre Investrnents Ltd v Société Générale [2007] SGCA 24; [2007] 3 SLR(R) 566
22
Oversea-Chinese Banking Corp Ltd v Frankel Motor Pte LId [2009] SGHC 76; [2009] 3 SLR(R) 623
SGHC
25
Owusu v Jackson (Case C-281/02) [2005] ECR 1-1383
89, 93
Parker v South Eastern Railway Co (1877) 2 CPD 416
24
Parliament v Council (Case C-155/07) ECR 1-8103 .....................................•..........................................
95
Parliament v Council (Case C-166/07) [2009] ECR 1-7135
95
PEC Ltd Thai Mapam Trading Co LId [2011] EWHC 3306 (Comm)
36
Peekay Intermark Ltd v ANZ Banking Group Ltd [2006] EWCA Civ 386; [2006]2 L1oyd's Rep 511
23
Peer International Corp v Termidor Music Publishers LId [2003] EWCA Civ 1156; [2004] Ch 212
28
Perks v Clark [2001] EWCA Civ 1228; [200l] WLR 17; [2001] 2 L1oyd's Rep 431 .... 55,74,78-85
passim
Peterson Farms Inc v C&M Farming LId [2004] EWHC 121 (Cornm); [2004] 1 Lloyd's Rep 603
32
Phillips-Higgins v Harper [1954]1 QB 411
14
Pilcher v Rawlins (1872) LR 7 Ch App 259
20
Pioneer Container, The [1994] 2 AC 324
lIS
Pioneer Shipping LId v BTP Tioxide LId (The Nema) [1982] AC 724 (HL)
42-47 passim
Pioneer Shipping LId v BTP Tioxide LId (The Nema) (No 2) [1981] 2 Lloyd' s Rep 239 (HL)
43-47 passim
Page numbers in bold type indicate where the details of a particular case are examined.
TABLE
~w QUARTERLY
Polpen Shipping Co Ltd v Commercial Union Assurance Co Ltd [1943] KB 161
70
Popi M, The [1985] I WLR 948 (HL)
42
Press Automation Technology Pte Ltd v Trans-Link Exhibition Forwarding Pte Ltd [2002] SGHC 286;
[2003] 1 SLR (R) 712
25
Public Works Commissioner v Hills [1906] AC 368
8
Puerto Buitrago, The [1976] 1 Lloyd's Rep 250 (CA)
6-10 passim
36
..•..•..••..•..••..•..••..••..•..•.
(ë~~);[2009]
1 Lloyd's
.................... .......................
byd's Rep 509 (CA)
.
124
46
124
.............................
i2iööi''[2000] ECR 1-6325;
~~··'ë:ïÖ6ï89)··[ï99Öi··EëR
15
Queen v Minister of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, ex parte SP Anastasiou
C-432/92) ECR 1-3087
Queen v St John Ship Building and Dry Doek Co [1981] 126 DLR (3rd) 353
16
32
................................
27
6'LiL'R~~2Ö·ï:::::::·.:::··sï·:·68, 70, 75,
85
.............................................
Ol] ECR 1-1727; [2001] Ch
..............................................
..............................................
I(Ch)
.
.2
.
............................
.......................................
...........................................
,.
.............................................
43
..........................
.
...............................................
~~
40
43
bH
) [1983] 2 Lloyd's Rep 600
..............................
42, 46, 47
46
··~i~s~~·;i[ï969ï2·QB'449·:::
47
......................
67,77
::::::::::::::::::::::::........................
126
94
................................................
ep 446
24 (SC)
.
............................ 6-10 passim
'ÖÖ:;ï'3"SLR(R) 566
22
HC 76; [2009] 3 SLR(R) 623
25
.................................................
89, 93
.................................................
!~
..........................................
...........................................
.................................................
24
95
95
36
............................................
. [2006]2 Lloyd's Rep 511 ....
23
èivI156;[2004]Ch212........
28
yd's Rep 431 .... 55,74,78-85
passim
. [2004] 1 Lloyd's Rep 603 ....
32
,
14
...............................................
20
...................................................
115
............................
42-47 passim
oyd's Rep 239 (HL)
43-47 passim
·'CBi)··::::::::::
particular case are exarnined.
118
73
80
43,54,
55,79-80
lOl, 104
43
R (Yollari) v Secretary of State for Transport [2010] EWCA Civ 1093; [2011] I Lloyd's Rep 274
Raffaela S, The [2005] 2 AC 423 (HL)
Raiffeisen Zentralbank Österreich AG v Royal Bank of Scotland P1c [2010] EWHC 1392 (Comm);
[2011] 1 Lloyd's Rep 123
.
Rainy Sky SA v Kookmin Bank [2011] UKSC 50; [2012] Bus LR 313; [2012] 1 Lloyd's Rep 34 .
Robertson, Ex p, in re Morton (1875) LR 20 Eq 733
.
Rubin v Eurofinance SA [2010] EWCA Civ 895; [2011] Ch 133; noted [2010] LMCLQ 523
.
Rubin v Eurofinance SA; New Cap Reinsurance Corp (in liq) v Grant (joined cases) [2012] UKSC 46 .
11
20
6,10
39
35
16
110
29
100
26
...............................................
(Pissouri) Ltd (Case
R v Carrick District Council, ex p Prankerd (The Winnie Rigg) [1998] 2 Lloyd's Rep 675
R v Goodwin [2005] EWCA Crim 3184; [2006]1 WLR 546; [2006]1 Lloyd's Rep 432 (CA (Crim)
...... 103-108 passim
E~~3~7.:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
xi
OF CASES
SA Roquette Frères v Council (Case 110/81) [1982] ECR 3159
.
Saga Cob, The [1992] 2 Lloyd's Rep 545 (CA)
.
St John Pilot Commissioners v Cumberland Ry & Coal Co [1910] AC 208
.
Salem, The, see Shell International Petroleum Co Ltd v Gibbs
Salemink v Raad van bestuur van het Uitvoeringsinstituut werknemersverzekeringen
(Case C-347/lO)
(Judgment of 17 January 2012)
.
Saunders v Anglia Building Society [1971] AC 1004
.
Seaconsar (Far East) Ltd v Bank Markazi [1993] I Lloyd's Rep 236
.
Serangoon Garden Estate Ltd v Marian Chye (1959) 25 MLJ 113
.
Sharpley v Manby [1942] 1 KB 217
.
Shashoua v Sharma [2009] EWHC 957 (Comm); [2009] 2 Lloyd's Rep 376
.
Shell International Petroleum Co Ltd v Gibbs (The Salem) [1983] 2 AC 375
.
Sierra Leone Telecommunications Co Ltd v Barc1ays Bank P1c [1998] 2 All ER 821 (CA)
.
Simona, The [1989] AC 788 (HL)
.
Sirius International Ins Co v FAl General lns Co Ltd [2004] UKHL 54; [2004] 1 WLR 3251
.
Smith v Eric S Bush [1990] I AC 831
.
Soc Eram Shipping Co Ltd v Hong Kong & Shanghai Banking Corp Ltd [2003] UKHL 30; [2004] 1
AC 260
Softly, Re, ex p Hodgkin (1875) LR 20 Eq 746
58,
Sokoloff v National City Bank (1924) 145 NE 917
Somalia (Republic of) v Woodhouse, Drake and Carey (Suisse) SA [1993] QB 54
Sonatrach Pertroleum Corp v Ferrell International Ltd [2001] EWHC 481 (Comm); [2002] 1 AU ER
(Comm) 627
Soon Kok Tiang and others v DBS Bank Ltd [2011] SGCA 55; [2012] 1 SLR 397
Springwell Navigation Corp v JP Morgan Chase Bank [2010] EWCA Civ 1221; [2010]2 CLC 705
Star Sea, The [2003] 1 AC 469 (HL)
Starsin, The [2004] 1 AC 715 (AC)
Steedman v Scofield [1992] 2 Lloyd's Rep 163
74,
Stylo Shoes Ltd v Prices Tailors Ltd [1960 I Ch 396
Sulamerica Cia Nacional de Seguros SA v Enesa Engenharia SA [2012] EWCA Civ 638; [2012] 1
Lloyd's Rep 671
Sumitomo Heavy Industries Ltd v Oil and Natural Gas Comrnission [1994] 1 Lloyd's Rep 45
Svenska Petroleum Exploration AB v Government of the Republic of Lithuania (No 2) [2005] EWHC
2437 (Comm); [2006] 1 Lloyd's Rep 181
.
Tanham v Nicholson (1872) LR 5 HL 561
Texaco Melbourne [1994] 1 Lloyd's Rep 473 (HL)
Thomton v Shoe Lane Parking Ltd [1971] 2 QB 163
Page numbers in bold type indicate where tbe details of a particular case are exarnined.
.
.
.
23
43,49
29
26
26
95
43
68
126
25
3
24
39
32
42,47
110
43
36, 47
23
27
60, 61
103
110
32, 33
21
23
43
43
77, 79
39
32
32, 33
32
39
43, 46
24
Xll
LLOYD'S
MARITIME
AND COMMERCIAL
LAW QUARTERLY
Timex v Council (Case C-264/82) [1985] ECR 849
Titan Steel Wheels Ltd v Royal Bank of Scotland [2010] EWHC (Comrn); [2010]2 Lloyd's Rep 92
Tilden Rent-A-Car Co v Clendenning (1989) 83 DLR (3d) 400 (Ont CA)
Titan, The (1922) 14 Ll L Rep 484
Toju Maru, The [1972] 1 AC 242
"....................
Trade Agency Ltd v Seramico Investments Ltd (Case C-619/JO) (Judgment of 26 April 2012)
Tucker v Alexandroff (1902) 183 US 424; 22 S Ct 195
95
23
24
68
98
106
56
Underhill v Hernandez (1897) 168 US 250
Union of India v McDonnell Douglas Corp [1993] 2 Lloyd's Rep 48
United States v Insurance Companies (1874) 89 US 99
Upcerne, The [1912] P 160
Uptight v Mercury Business Machines (1961) 13 App Div 2d 36; 213 NY 2d 417
109
32
103
67
103
Valentines Property Ltd v Huntco Corp Ltd [2001] UKPC 14; [2001] 3 NZLR 305
Von Rocks, The [1998] 2 Lloyd's Rep 198
40
52,72-74,78-80
Watford Electronics Ltd v Sanderson CFL Ltd [2001] EWCA Civ 317; [2001]1 All ER (Comm) 696....
22
Weber v UniversalOgden
Services Ltd (Case C-37/00) [2002] ECR I-2013
126, 127
Wells v The Owners ofthe Gas Float Whitton (The Gas Float WhiUon No 2) [1896] P 42 (CA); [1897]
AC 337
66-67, 73, 76
White & Carter (Councils) Ltd v McGregor [1962] AC 413 (HL)
5-10
Winnie Rigg, The, see R v Carrick District Council, ex p Prankerd
Wood Floor Solutions v Domberger (Case C-19/09) [2010] ECR I-2121
125
Woolwich Equitable Building Soc v IRC (No 2) [1993] AC 70
12-15 passim
XL Insurance v Owens Corning [2000] 2 Lloyd's Rep 500
32-34 passim
Yukos Capital SARL v OJSC Rosneft Oil Co [2012] EWCA Civ 855
Zanzibar (Govemment
of) v British Aerospace (Lancaster House) Ltd [2000]1 WLR 2333 (QBD)
Page numbers in bold type indicate where the details of a particular case are exarnined.
109
23
Admiralty
Admiralty
s.3(1) ..
Agricultur
s.53 .....
Antarctic
Art.IV .
Arbitratio
Arbitration
Arrest Co
ventio
Brussels C
Ships
Art.1 ....
(I) .
2 .
4 .
5(1) .
7(5)
8 ....
214
Brussels I
China
Consti
Art.31 ..
Civil Juris
1987
Art.2 ....
Collision C
Arts 4, 7
Contracts (
s.2
.
Sch.l, Ai
Contractual
and Nl
to) (SI
Convention
Dama
Cross-Borde
2006/1
Cyprus, Tr
Art.1 .....
Cyprus,
14/60)s.29(1)(b)
Cyprus Act
s.2(1)
.
3(8) .
Page nun
95
23
24
68
98
106
56
109
32
103
67
103
40
'4,78-80
I
22
126, 127
I
57,73,76
5-10
125
5 passim
4 passim
109
23
Table of Legislation
(;
Admiralty Act 1973 (New Ze~and)
62
Admiralty Act 1988s.3(1)
57, 72
Agricultural Holdings Act 1923s.53
38-39
Antarctic Treaty 1959Art.lV
126
Arbitration Act 1979
43, 44, 49
Arbitration Act 1996
4
Arrest Convention 1952, see Brussels Convention
Brussels Convention 1952 on the Arrest of
Ships
50
Art.!
50, 54
(1)
63, 90
2
55,63
4
92
5(1)
126
7(5)
54
8
53, 55
214
51
Brussels I Regulation: (EC) 44/2001
44, 89, 90, 97
China
(People's
Republic
of)
Constitution
114-117
Art.31
114
Civil Jurisdiction (Offshore Activities) Order
1987 (SI 198712197)Art.2
126
Collision Convention 1910
52-53, 98
Arrs 4,7, 10, 12
98
Contracts (Applicable Law) Act 1990s.2
31
Sch.l, Art.l(2)(d)
31
Contractual Obligations (England and Wales
and NI) Regulations (Law Applicable
tol (SI 2009/3064) reg.5(l)
119
Convention on International
Liability for
Damage Caused by Space Objects
98
Cross-Border Insolvency Rules 2005 (SI
2006/1 030)
27
Cyprus, Treaty establishing Republic of
118
Art. 1
118
Cyprus, Courts
of Justice
Law
(No
14/60)s.29(1)(b)
118
Cyprus Act 1960 (UK)s.2(1)
119
3(8)
119
EC Regulation 44/2001, see Brussels I Regulation
866/2004
89
864/2007, see Rome II Regulation
593/2008, see Rome I Regulation
EC Treaty (TEC)Art.65
95
249
87
299
88, 120
(1)-(6)
88
(6)
120
(4)
89, 119
Pt 3, Title IV
87,95
EC Treaty of Accession 2004
88, 89
Protocol No 10
107, 118
Art.l(1)
89, 118
~1)
89
Environmental
Proteetion to the Antarctic
Treaty 1991, Protocol
98
Art.16
98
Annex VI
98
European Directives88/357/EEC
Art.2( d)
96
7
96
2002/83/EC
Art.32
96
2009/138/EC ("Solvency II")
96
Art. 13(13)
96
2012/23/EU
96
Family Law Act 1986s.49
104-105
(1)
105
Federal Courts Act 1981 (Canada)s.2(1)
57,71
Finance Act 2004s.320
12, 15, 17
Finance Act 2007s.107
12, 15
Foreign Judgments (Reciprocal Enforcement)
Act 1933
28
Gaming Act 1845
20
Geneva Convention 1999
51
Art.IO
52
Hague Convention 1971 (the law applicable
to traffic accidents)Art.ll
100
Page numbers in bold type indicate where the details of a particular piece of legislation are exarnined.
xiii
XIV
LLOYD'S
MARITIME
AND COMMERCIAL
Hague Convention 1973 (products liability)Art.12
Hague Convention 1978 (on the law applicabie to matrimonial property)Art.17
19
Hague Trusts Convention 1985 (trusts)Art.23
Harbours, Docks and Piers Clauses Act 1847
High Court (Admiralty Jurisdiction)
Act
2001C
~
100
100
100
100
80
n
Hong Kong SAR Basic LawArt.l
114
2
114
8
114
11
113
18
liS
19
ll S
22
114
84
liS
Ch.lV
115
International Convention on Civil Liability
for Oil Pollution Damage 1992
52
International Convention on the Establishment of an International Fund for Compensation for Oil Pollution Damage
(FUND)
52
Interpretation Act 1978s.17(a), (b)
80
Jurisdiction of Courts (Maritime Convention)
Act 1989 (lreland)s.13(2)
n
Landlord and Tenant Act 1927s.23
38-39
Landlord and Tenant Act 1954s.66(4)
39
Limitation Act 1980s.5
11
32(1)(c)
11-12, 14, 15
Limitation of Liability Convention 1976
52
Maritime Conventions Act 1911
77
L8
77
Merchant Shipping (Amendment) Act 2004
(Singapore)
n
Merchant Shipping Act 1854
57,76
Merchant Shipping Act 1862
57, 58
Merchant Shipping Act 1894s.742
71
Merchant Shipping Act 1921s.I(I)
71
Merchant Shipping Act 1985
79
Merchant Shipping Act 1995
51-53,79
~8
W
185(1)
313(1)
Sch.7, Pt II, paras 2, 12
57
71
57
LAW QUARTERLY
Merchant Shipping Act 1970 (Unregistered
Ships)
Regulations
1991
(SI
199111366)reg.4
80
Misrepresentation Act 1994 (Singapore)
22-25
s.3
22
Navigation Act 1912 (Australia)
n
s.8A(3)
Tl.
New York Convention 1958
34-35
Non-Contractual
Obligations
(England,
Wales and NI) Regulations (Law Application to) (SI 2008/2986)reg.6
119
Private International
Law (MisceUaneous
Provisions) Act 1995Rome Convention on the law applicable to
contractual obligations 1980
31
Art.l(1)
100, 101
2
W
19
100
Rome I Regulation, 593/2008
86
Recital (7)
97
(11)
99, 129
(13)
99
(17)
123
(33)
95,96
(44), (46)
88
Art.I(2)(e)
31
(4)
88
2
94, 124
(I)
123
3
106
(I)
94, 99, 129-132
(3)
99, 106
(4)
94, 95, 96
4(1)
123, 124
(1)(b)
99
(3)
99
5(1)(b)
130
(2)
94
6(1)
94
7(1)
95
(3)
96,99
(6)
96
8
97
12(2)
114
16
106
20
93, 99, 112, 113, 131
22(1)
95, 100-113 passim
(2)
119-120
28
92
Rome II Regulation, 864/2007
86
Recital (6)
97
(7)
97
(8)
90
(13)
94,95
(29)
87
(30)
87
(34)
113
Art.l(4)
88
3
94
Page numbers in bold type indicate where the details of a particular piece of legislation are examined.
Ro
Ti
Trea
Pa
TABLE
QUARTERLY
Rome II Regulation, 864/2007-cont.
Art.3(1)
123
4(1)
94, 97, 99, 123-129
(2)
94, 126
................................................... 80
(3)
126
ct 1994 (Singapore)
22-25
6(3)(b)
96
................................................... 22
8(1)
99
2 (Australia)
72
14
106
................................................... 72
(1)
94,99, 129
ion 1958
34-35
(2)
99
Obligations
(England,
(3)
94, 95, 96
Regulations (Law Appli15
129
2008/2986)-17
113,114
..._
119
24
93, 99,112,113
al Law (Miscellaneous
25(1)
95, 100-113 passim
t 1995(2)
119-120
00 the law applicable to
26
106
ligations 1980
31
Arts 31, 32
92
........................................ 100, lOl
Senior Courts Act 1981
77
............................................
94
s.24(1)
71
.................................................. 100
Shipping and Seamen Act 1952 (New Zealand)
61
, 593/2008
86
Social Security Administration Act 1992.................................................... 97
s.7 I
1I
........................................... 99,129
Taxes Management Act 1970....
...••...••...••. ~
s.33
16
............................. _
123
Treaty on the European Union (TEU)................
_
~,%
Art.25
101
................................................ 88
26
101
.......................................... 31
27(1)
101
..................................................... 88
30
lOl
............................................ 94,124
32
lOl
...................................................
In
52
88
................................................... 1~
249
87
.............................. 94,99, 129-132
Title V
101
............................................ 99, 106
Treaty on the Functioning of the European
........................................ 94, 95, 96
Union (TFEU).......................................... 123, 124
Art.81
95
............................................... 99
264
95
.................................................. 99
288
87
.............................................. 130
Act 1970 (Unregistered
ulations
1991
(SI
_
_
xv
OF LEGISLATION
Treaty on the Functioning of the European
Union (TFEU)-conl.
Art.355
(5)(b)
Pt 3, Title V
UNCITRAL Model Law
Unfair Contract Terms Act 1977
Unfair
Contract
Terms
Act
1994
(Singapore)
Unfair Terms in Consumer Contract Regulations 1999 (SI 1999/2083)
Uniform Civil Procedure
Rules (NSW)
2005Sch.6, para.(a)
para.(h)
UN Convention on the Law of the Sea 1982
(UNCLOS)
Arts 55-75
Art.60(8)
76
Arts 77-81
v
Art.80
83
87(1)(a)
89
90
Arts 91, 92
Art.94
(1), (2)(b), (3)(a), (3)(b)
(3)(c)
(7)
United Nations CharterArt.2(1)
Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties
1969Art.31
32
Workers Compensation Act 1987 (NSW)s.105A
88
88
87
27
5
22-25
5
28
28
126
126
126
126
126
126
126
127
126
127
127
127
127
128
128
108
53, 54
54
...................................................... 94
...................................................... 94
...................................................... 95
............................................... 96,99
.....................................................
96
...................................................... 97
...................................................
114
....................................................
106
...................... 93,99, 112, 113, 131
......................... 95, 100-113 passim
............................................. 119-120
......................................................
n
.00,864/2007
86
.......................................................
97
..................................................... 97
..................................... 90
................................................ 94,95
....................................... 87
.......................................................
87
......................................................
113
........................................................
88
........................................................
94
piece of legislation are examined.
Page numbers in bold type indicate where the details of a particular piece of legislation are examined.
113
Index
Account of profit for breach of contract (book
review), 134-136
ADR see Alternative dispute resolution (ADR)
Affirmation
agreed sum, actions for an, 6
charterparties, 6, 9-10
damages, 8-10
economie efficiency, 8
hardship, 8
legitimate interest, definition of, 6-10
mitigation doctrine, 6
penalties, recovery of, 8
price, claiming entire contract, 5-10
public policy, 7
reasonableness, 9-10
repudiation, acceptance of, 5-10
sanctity of contract, 8
White & Carter principle, 5-10
Agreed sum, action for an, 6
Alternative dispute resolution (ADR)
consumer ADR (book review), 133-134
Appeals
arbitration, 43-44
Applicable law
ship, definition of a, 52
Arbitration see also Arbitration agreements
appeals, 43-44
Arbitration Act 1979, 43-44, 49
Arbitration Act 1996, 44
awards, challenging,
appeals, 43-44
case stated, 43
leave,44
questions of law, appeals limited to, 43-44
case stated, 43
court, role of the, 43-44
number of cases in London, 43
speed and finality, 43-44
Arbitration agreements
breach, legal proceedings following, 44-45
Brussels I Regulation, 44-45
choice of law, 31-34
common law, 31-32
express choice of law, 31-34
governing law in England, 31-35
implied choice of law, 31-34
matrix contract, law governing the, 31-34
New York Convention 1958, 34-35
seat, law of the, 31-34
separability, principle of, 33
Arrest Convention 1952, definition of ship under,
50-85
applicable law, 52
attributes of a ship, 52
Australia, 57, 72, 81-82, 84-85
Canada, 57, 71, 73-74, 81-82, 84-85
ceasing to be a ship, 81-84
completion or fitting out stage, 57-60
construction, ships under, 56-64
deregistration, 82-83
early English case law, 64-71
examples of maritime structures, 51
floating objects, 68-69, 72-73, 81-85
flying boats, 70
France, 83
Geneva Convention 1999,51
hovercrafts, 71-72
inland waterways, 53-54
Ireland, 72-74, 84
jack-up rigs, 74-75
jet skis, 52, 54, 74, 77-81
launched, afloat and in operation, 64-81
launching, 56-57
limitation of liability, 52, 57-59, 68, 84
manning,64
merchant shipping regulation, 52, 76-80
navigation, used for, 51-52, 64-82, 85
new buildings, 56-64
New Zealand, 60-62
offshore industry objects and units, 64, 71-77,
83-84
oil pollution, 52
ordinary meaning, 53, 61-62
physical condition of ship, 64
pleasure craft, 52, 54, 74, 77-81
pontoon cranes, 75-76
propulsion, 64-66, 71-73, 76-77
registeredJflagged ships, 52, 55-56, 63-64, 73,
82-83
salvage, 66-67
sea-going ships, definition of, 52-55, 65-66, 71,
80-81, 84
Singapore, 72
stranded ships, 81-82
structure, 64, 66-76
tonnage, 64
travaux préparatoires, 53
treaties and conventions, context of, 52-53, 56
United States, 56-57
vessel, definition of, 51-52, 71-72, 77-78
1ARTERLY
INDEX
Damages
affirmation, 8-10
currency movements, 45-46
Definition of a ship see Arrest Convention 1952,
definition of ship under
Denmark, 87-88
Disclosure
freezing (Mareva) injunctions, 46-48, 49
Documentary credits see Rejection of documents
under letters of credit
132
2
ning of, 130-13 I
132
~ Rome JI Regulations,
t-129
rvice of, 35-41
:s Law Regulation, proposal
122-123
ley refer, link with, 122-132
3-129
ations, 87, 93-94, 96-99,
fon of states, 114-117
114-115
1\5-117
retation
56-64
review), 133-134
pnation; Arbitration
ir contract tenns and
service of, 35-41
ne, concept of a
eaning of, 112-14, 121-122,
meaning of, 99-122
111-112, 118
ulations, 112-114, 121-122,
es as countries,
45-46
19-90,104-105,107,118,130
18, 130
tulations, 88-90, 104-105,
, 123-129
. aterial damage, 124-125
~
,f state, occurring, 126-129
ulations, 123-129
gnty, 126-128
,27
107,
Economic efficiency, 8
Effecliveness principle, 15-16
Enforcement of judgments see Recognition and
enforcement of foreign insolvency judgments
Entire agreement clauses, 23
Equivalence principle, 15, 17
Estoppel
letters of credit, rejection of documents under, 5
EU law see also Brussels I Regulation; Territory in
Rome I and Rome Ir Regulations
Common European Sales Law Regulation,
proposal for, 131-132
effectiveness principle, 15-16
equivalence principle, 15, 17
EU, laws of the, 131-132
unjust enrichment and restitution of tax, 11-17
European Convention on Human Rights
unjust enrichrnent and restitution of tax, 16
Exclusion clauses
bank accounts 21-26
entire agreement clauses, 23
legitimate expectations, 25
letters of credit, rejection of documents under, 5
misrepresentation, 22-23, 25
non-reliance clauses, 21-26
onerous or unusual clauses safeguard, 25
reasonableness, 23
signature rule, 24-26
UCP, 5
unfair contract terms, 21-26
Expert evidence, 5
Fiduciary duties, 4-5
Finality of arbitration awards, 43-44
Financial and non-material damage, place of,
124-125
Floating objects as ships, 68-69, 72-73, 81-85
Flying boats, 70
France
ship, definition of a, 83
Fraud
letters of credit, rejection of documents under, 5
Freezing (Mareva) injunctions
ancillary disclosure orders, 46-48, 49
good arguable case test, 47
just and convenient test, 47
risk of dissipation test, 47-48
Germany
law of the state approach,
Gibraltar, 89, 119-120
11 I
xix
Global financial crisis, 21-22
Governing law
arbitration agreements, 31.-35
Habitual residence
Rome land II Regulations, 94, 98, 132
Hardship, 8
High seas
collisions, 128-129
damage, place of, 126-129
Rag states, 127-129
Law of the Sea Convention, 126-129
Hong Kong, 114-115
Hovercrafts, 71-72
Hurnan rights see European Convention on Human
Rights
Injunctions see Freezing (Mareva) injunctions
Inland waterways
ship, definition of a, 53-54
Insolvency
recognition and enforcement of foreign insolvency
judgments, 26-31
Intention
interpretation, 47-49
International Chamber of Commerce (ICC)
International Standard Practice, 3
Uniform Customs & Practice, 1-5
Interpretation, 45-49 see also Arrest Convention
1952, definition of ship under
certainty, 48
choice of law, 130-132
damage, place of, 123-129
intention of parties, 47-49
law of a country, 112-ll4, 121-122
Iiteral approach, 48-49
notiees, validity of service of, 35-39
NYPE forrn, breach of, 48-49
ordinary meaning, 53, 61-62
precedent, 47-48
taking at sea, 47-48
territorial unit with its own rules of law, meaning
of, 102-112, 121-122
WIBON,48
Ireland
Rome land II Regulations, 87-88
ship, definition of a, 72-74, 84
Jack-up rigs, 74-75
Jet s~s, 52, 54, 74, 77-81
Judgments see Recognition and enforcement
foreign insolvency judgments
Jurisdiction clauses
breach, legal proceedings in 44-45
Brussels I Regulation, 44-45
Knowledge
bona fide purchasers for value, 19
trust assets, restoration of, 19
Latent damage, 124
Launching of vessels, 56-57
of
xx
LLOYD'S
MARITIME
Law of a country
meaning, 112-14, 121-122,130-131
Rome land II Regulations, 112-14,
130-131
AND COMMERCIAL
121-122,
"Law of the country", meaning of, 99-122
Law of the forum, 103, 108-9, 121
Law of the Sea Convention
damage, place of, 126--129
high seas, 126--129
Law of the state approach, 102-103, 108-122
Legitimate expectations
bank accounts, 25
exclusion clauses, 25
signature rule, 25
Legitimate interest, definition of, 6-10
Letters of credit see Rejection of documents under
letters of credit
Limitation of liability
ship, definition of a, 52, 57-59, 68, 84
tonnage, 57-59
Limitation periods see Time limits
Macau, 114-115
Manning
ship, definition of a, 64
Mareva injunctions see Freezing (Mareva)
injunctions
Maritime cases 1982-2012, survey of, 42-49
arbitration, 43-45, 49
currency movements, 45-46
damages, 45-46
economie cycle, 45
events, effect of, 45-6
freezing (Mareva) injunctions, 46-47, 49
interpretation, 45-49
jurisdiction clauses, 44-45
Misrepresentation
bank accounts, 22-23, 25
exclusion clauses, 22-23, 25
Mistake
time lirnits, 11-12, 14-16
unjust enrichrnent and restitution of tax, 11-12,
14-16
Mitigation, 6
Navigation, used for, 51-52, 64-82, 85
New York Convention on the Recognition and
Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards 1958,
34-35
New Zealand
ship, definition of a, 60-62
Non est factum, 25
Non-reliance clauses, 21-26
Northern Cyprus, 89-90, 104-105, 107, 118, 130
Notices served under contractual rights, validity of,
35-41
commercial contracts, 35-41
compliance, 36
exarnples, 36
interpretation, 35-39
personal delivery, 37-41
proof of receipt, 40
LAW QUARTERLY
Notices served under contractual
of-conto
registered delivery, 37, 39-41
test, 36
time limits, 37-38, 41
NYPE form
breach, 48-49
interpretation, 48-49
rights, validity
Occupied Palestinian Territories (OPT) , 120-121
Offshore industry objects and units, 64, 71-77,
83-84
Oil pollution
ship, definition of a, 52
Onerous or unusual clauses safeguard, 25
Overseas departments, 88-89, 118-120
Palestine, 120-121
Party autonomy
choice of law, 129-132
Rome 1 and Ir Regulations, 99-100
Penalties
affirmation, 8
Personal service, 37-41
Place of damage see Damage, place of
Pleasure craft, 52, 54, 74, 77-81
Pollution see Oil pollution
Pontoon cranes, 75-76
Precedent, 47-48
Price
affirmation, 5-10
entire contract price, claiming, 5-10
Prior equities, 17-21
Propulsion, 64-66, 71-73, 76--77
Public policy, 7
Reasonableness
affirmation, 9-10
exclusion clauses, 23
Recognition see Recognition and enforcement of
foreign insolvency judgments; Recognition of
states
Recognition and enforcement of foreign insolvency
judgments, 26-31
Australia, 26-31
common law, 26-27
confiscation, 27-28
England and Wales, enforcement in, 26-28
United States, judgrnents from, 26-28, 31
Recognition of states
constitutional recognition of states, 114-117
explicit recognition, 114-115
implicit recognition, 115-117
non-recognised states as countries, 111-112, 118
Registered delivery, service by, 37, 39-41
Registration of ships
deregistration, 82-83
flag states and high seas, 127-129
ship, definition of a, 52, 55-56, 63064, 73, 82-83
Rejection of documents under letters of credit, 1-5
autonomy, doctrine of, 4
discrepancies, 1-5
QUARTERLY
r contractual rights, validity
,37,39-41
8,41
-49
Territories (OPT) , \20-121
bjects and units, 64, 71-77,
f a, 52
clauses safeguard, 25
ms, 88-89, 118-120
29-132
egulations, 99-100
7-41
ee Damage, place of
54, 74, 77-81
pollution
5-76
10
price, claiming, 5-10
-21
,71-73,76-77
JO
ses, 23
Recoznition and enforcement of
Ivenc~ judgments; Recognition of
enforcement of foreign insolvency
26-31
3\
26-27
7-28
:\Vales,enforcement in, 26-28
, judgments from, 26-28, 31
states
recognition of states, 114-117
nition, 114-115
nition, 115-117
d states as countries, 111-112, 118
ery, service by, 37, 39-41
ships
,82-83
d high seas, 127-129
n of a, 52, 55-56, 63064, 73, 82-83
uments under letters of credit, 1-5
octrine of, 4
s, 1-5
INDEX
Rejection of documents under letters of
credit-conto
estoppel, 5
exemption clauses, 5
expert evidence, 5
fraud,5
International Standard Practice (ISPB) (ICC), 3
strict compliance, doctrine of, 2-4
UCP, 1-5
unfair contract terms, 5
Renvoi, 93, 113
Repudiation
acceptanee, 5-10
affirmation of contract, 5-10
contract price, claiming the, 5-10
Restitution
UCP, 4-5
Rome I Regulation see Territory in Rome I and
, Rome TI Regulations
Rome TI Regulation see Territory in Rome land
Rome II Regulations
Sale of goods
Common European Sales Law Regulation,
propos al for, 131-132
Salvage
ship, definition of a, 66-67
Sanctity of contract, 8
Seafarers see Manning
Sea-going ships, definition of, 52-55, 65-66, 71,
80-81, 84
Seat, law of the, 31-34
Separability, principle of, 33
Ship, definition of see Arrest Convention 1952,
definition of ship under
Signature rule
bank accounts, 24-26
exclusion clauses, 24-26
legitimate expectations, 25
non est factum, 25
onerous or unusual clauses safeguard, 25
Singapore, 26
Singapore
bank accounts, 21-26
exclusion clauses, 21-26
ship, definition of a, 72
signature rule, 26
Speed of arbitration, 43-44
State, concept of a
China, 114-115
constitutional recognition, 114-117
fact-based approach, 102-108
illustrations, 114-121
law of the forum approach, 103, 108-9, 121
"law of a country", meaning of, 112-114,
121-122
"law of the country", meaning of, 99-122
law of the state approach, 102-103, 108-122
non-recognised states as countries, 111-112, 118
overseas territories, 118-120
Palestine, 120-121
recognition of states, 114-117
xxi
State, concept of a-conto
Rome land II Regulations, 101-122
territorial unit with its own rules of law, meaning
of, 102-112, 121-122
United Kingdom, 118-120
Stranding
ship, definition of a, 81-82
Strict compliance, doctrine of, 2-4
Taiwan, 114-115
"Taking at sea", meaning of, 47-48
Tax
restitution, 11-17
unjust enrichrnent, 11-17
Territorial unit with its own rules of law, meaning
of, 102-112, 121-122
Territory in Rome I and Rome II Regulations,
86-132
Brussels I Regulation, 90-91, 97
certainty, 125-126
choice of law, 129-132
connecting factors, 87, 93-94, 96-99, 122-132
constitutional recognition, 114-117
country, meaning of, 100-122
Cyprus, 88-90, 104-105, 107, 118, l30
damage, place of, 123-129
Denmark, 87-88
EU,laws ofthe, 131-2
Gibraltar, 89, 119-120
habitual residence, 94, 98, 132
interpretation, 130-132
Ireland, 87-88
"law of a country", meaning of, 112-114,
121-122, 130-131
"law of the country", meaning of, 99-122
material scope, territorial or geographical limits
on situations within, 94-98
rnember states are bound, which, 87-88
overseas departments, 88-89, 118-120
party autonorny, 99-100, 129-32
potential application of Regulations, 90-94
renvoi, 93, 113
State, concept of a, 101-122
territorial sovereignty, 126-128
territorial unit with its own rules of law, meaning
of, 102-112, 121-122
third countries, territorial connections to, 96
travaux préparatoires, 98
treaties and conventions, 98
uniforrnity, 126-127
United Kingdom, 87-89, 103-104
universal application, 94-96
validity, 130
where Regulations apply, 87-94
within rnember states, where Regulations apply,
88-90
Third parties
trust assets, restoration of, 19
Time limits
mistake, 11-12, 14-16
notiees, validity of service of, 37-38, 41
unjust enrichment and restitution of tax, 11-17
xxii
LLOYD' S MARITIME
AND COMMERCIAL
Travaux préparatoires
Arrest Convention 1952, 53
Rome rand II Regulations, 98
Treaties and conventions see also Particular treaties
Rome rand II Regulations, 98
ship, definition of a, 52-53, 56
Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, 53-54
Trusts
knowiedge, 19
restoration of assets, 17-21
third parties, 19
UCP see Uniform Customs & Practice (UCP) (lCC)
Unfair contract terrns and exclusion clauses, 21-26
bank accounts, 21-26
"letters of credit, rejection of documents under, 5
misrepresentation, 22-23, 25
non-reliance cIauses, 21-26
UCP,5
Uniform Customs & Practice (UCP) (rCC)
contract law, 4-5
exclusion clauses, 5
fiduciary duties, 4-5
letters of credit, rejection of documents under,
1-5
restitution, 4-5
unfair contract terrns, 5
Uniforrnity
damage place of, 126-127
United Kingdom
Cyprus, Sovereign Bases on, 88, 130
Rome rand II Regulations, 87-89, 103-104
LAW QUARTERLY
United Kingdom-eont.
State, concept of a, 118-120
United States
recognition and enforcement of foreign insolvency
judgments, 26-28, 31
ship, definition of a, 56-57
Unjust enrichment and
absence of basis approach, 13
bona fide purchasers for value, 20
effectiveness principle, 15-16
equivalence principle, 15, 17
EU law, 11-17
European Convention on Human Rights, 16
foreign subsidiaries, 11-17
mistake, 11-12, 14-16
procedural principle, 15
restitution of tax, 11-17
time limits, 11-17
unjust factors, identification of, 13-14
Woolwieh principle, 12-14
Validity
choice of law, 130
notices served under contractual rights, 35-41
Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties
ship, definition of a, 53-54
White & Carter principle, 5-10
WIBON (whether in berth or not), 48
Woolwieh principle, 12-14
Wrecks
ship, definition of a, 81-83
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