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PEACE PRIZE
PROGRAM FOR
THE THIRTEENTH PRESENTATION CEREMONY OF
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Thursday, May 9th, 1996
At Hotel CENTURY HYATT
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PRESENTATION CEREMONY
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Prelude (Music)
Opening Prayer
Report on Screening
--Rev. Motoyuki Naganuma, Chairman
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Introduction of the Recipient
--Dr. Malcolm Sutherland
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Presentation of the Prize
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President's Address
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--Rev. Nichiko Niwano, President
--Rev. Nichiko Niwano, President
Congratulatory Messages
--Mr. Mikio Okuda
the Minister of Education, Science and Culture
--Cardinal Seiichi Peter Shirayanagi
President of the Japanese Committee
of the World Conference on Religion and Peace
Commemorative Address
--Ms. Marii K. Hasegawa
Prayer for Peace
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RECEPTION
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Opening Greetings
Congratulatory Messages
The recipient of the thirteenth
Niwano Peace Prize
Ms. Marii K. Hasegawa
MESSAGE
Chairman, The Niwano Peace Foundation
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The Niwano Peace Foundation has decided to
award the thirteenth Niwano Peace Prize to Ms. Marii
K Hasegawa of the United States of America.
For half a century Ms. Hasegawa has drawn on
the wisdom gained from her unfortunate experiences
during the Second World War to devote herself selflessly and effectively to a wide range of humanitarian
causes-disarmament and world peace, human rights,
the improvement of women's status, and better education.
Moreover, in the knowledge of the important contributions women can make to world peace and out of
her profound love of humanity, she has been an
inspiring leader of the Women's International League
for Peace and Freedom.
The increased understanding and appreciation
given to the Niwano Peace Prize with each passing
year are highly gratifying and augur well for the further spread of the principles and practice of interreligious cooperation. We hope, through this prize, to
make a modest contribution to further widening the
circle of interreligious cooperation and thus to bringing about world peace and human prosperity, and we
ask yoW' continued understanding and support in this
endeavor.
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The Meaning of the Niwano Peace Prize
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Purpose and Qualifications
The world in which we live today is beset by many
problems: the till'eat of nuclear war, the squandering
of precious natural resources on the arms race, famine
and poverty in the developing nations, discrepancies
and oppression, environmental pollution, and spiritual decadence.
Today, religion is charged with the important
duty of fostering mutual understanding and trust and
a spirit of cooperation and fellowship among all people
so that the foundations of a peaceful society may be
laid. To discharge this duty, people of religion must
begin by tearing down the walls erected by each religion's belief that its teachings alone represent
absolute truth, joining hands in wholehearted cooperation to bring about a peaceful society.
We of the Niwano Peace Foundation hope above
all that the ideals and activities of interreligious cooperation for the sake of peace and justice will spread in
ever-widening circles and that a growing number of
people will come forward to devote themselves to this
cause. Indeed, we know that many people of religion
are already working earnestly to promote interreligious understanding and cooperation, contributing to
the cause of world peace through their solidarity.
The Niwano Peace Foundation established the
Niwano Peace Prize to honor and encourage individuals and organizations that have contributed significantly to interreligious cooperation, thereby furthering the cause of world peace, and to make their
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achievements known as widely as possible the world
over. The Foundation hopes thus both to deepen interreligious understanding and cooperation and to stimulate the emergence of still more people devoting themselves to world peace. The first Niwano Peace Prize
was awarded to Archbishop Helder Pessoa Camara of
Brazil in 1983, the second to Dr. Homer A. Jack of the
United States, the third to Rev. Zhao Pu Chu of
China, the fourth to Dr. Philip A. Potter of Dominica,
the fifth to the World Muslim Congress (Motamar AlAlam AI-Islami), the sixth to His Eminence Etai
Yamada, the chief priest of the Tendai sect of
Buddhism of Japan, the seventh to Dr. Norman
Cousins of the United States, the eighth to Dr.
Hildegard Goss-Mayr of Austria, the ninth to Dr. A. T.
Ariyaratne of Sri Lanka, the tenth to Neve
Shalom/Wahat aI-Salam, the eleventh to His
Eminence Cardinal Paulo E. Arns, and the twelfth to
Dr. M. Aram.
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Nomination and Selection
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Religious leaders and eminent scholars in Japan
and overseas were asked to nominate candidates for
the thirteenth Niwano Peace Prize. Their nominations
were sent to the Foundation for selection.
So that the religions of the world are represented
equitably, 1,000 people in 125 countries were asked to
submit nominations. All the nominees were screened
by a committee comprising seven representatives from
Buddhism, Christianity, Islam, and other religions.
Presentation Ceremony
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The Niwano Peace Prize is awarded every year in
May at a ceremony. The recipient is presented with
the main prize of a citation and the subsidiary prizes
of Y20 million and a medal. At the presentation ceremony the recipient delivers a commemorative address.
9
Why Ms. Marii K. Hasegawa Was Selected
as the Recipient of the Thirteenth Niwano
Peace Prize
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The Niwano Peace Foundation (Nichiko Niwano,
president; Motoyuki Naganuma, chairman) will award
the 13th Niwano Peace Prize to Ms. Marii Hasegawa
(77) of the United States. The decision was reached
after careful deliberation by a 7-member screening
committee representing Buddhist, Christian, and
Islamic beliefs who chose from nominations by about a
thousand people of recognized intellectual stature in
125 countries.
Ms. Hasegawa has for many years played a leading role in the Women's International League for
Peace and Freedom (WILPF), an NGO with permanent consultative status at the United Nations.
Founded more than 80 years ago by Nobel Peace Prize
recipient Jane Addams, the WILPF is an
International organization of women working for global peace. For the past half century, the WILPF has
been the primary medium through which Ms.
Hasegawa has worked for peace, disarmament,
human rights, including women's rights, and better
education worldwide. Ms. Hasegawa served as the
president of the WILPF's United States Section from
1971 to 1975.
Ms. Hasegawa was born in Kaita-cho, Aki-gun,
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Hiroshima, in 1918. She was less than a year old
when her father, a Buddhist priest, took her and her
family to the United States so that he could minister
to Japanese people there. Ms. Hasegawa has continued to reside in the United States ever since and is a
full-fledged American.
It is not to be forgotten, however, that JapaneseAmericans, like other ethnic minorities in America,
have been discriminated against. Ms. Hasegawa took
a B.A. in domestic science at the University of
California, Berkeley, because she had been warned
that domestic service was the only field in which a
Japanese-American could find employment.
Mter the Japanese navy bombed Pearl Harbor in
1941, the United States reacted by forcing 120,000
people of Japanese descent on the West Coast to relocate to desert internment camps. The camps were
rows and rows of bleak barracks surrounded by forbidding chainlink fences. Ms. Hasegawa was interned
at the Central Utah Relocation Center in Topaz, Utah.
Four years later, in August 1945, the atomic
bombs were dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Ms.
Hasegawa was profoundly shaken by the bombings,
which made her keenly aware, not only as a JapaneseAmerican but as a human being, of the futility and
tragedy of war. Her revulsion over the atomic bombings inspired her commitment to peace over the next
half century.
Mter the war, Ms. Hasegawa joined the WILPF
in its work to unite women all over the world in what
have always been nonviolent activities for peace transcending all differences of ideology, faith, ethnic origin, and nationality.
In the years following the war, the WILPF has
called upon the governments of various nations to join
in the causes of nuclear disarmament and the reduction of all arms. Ms. Hasegawa herself participated in
the Nike Missile Protest of the early 1960s and helped
organize the historic series of conferences between
American and Soviet women during the cold-war era.
During her presidency of the American Section of the
WILPF, she led a peace delegation to Hanoi to meet
women's groups there.
"Peace," says Ms. Hasegawa, "is not just the
absence of war, but a world without repression; government which puts people first, with civil rights and
13
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14
civil liberties; an economic system which is not
exploitative; housing and education of the kind each
person wants; consumerism under control; the environment being helped to recover; universal health
care."
Ms. Hasegawa has played a leading role on more
than just the international stage, her energies extending as well to less dramatic but equally, if not more,
important grassroots activities. She has traveled
widely throughout the United States, giving lectmes,
urging educational reform, promoting a women's camp
for peace, and in many, many other ways too numerous to mention here, working hard to realize her deepest convictions.
In the late 1970s she helped to organize the first
Hiroshima Day commemorations in Richmond,
Virginia, which have been held annually ever since.
Her unaffected ways and untiring dedication to the
cause of peace have won the admiration and respect of
women around the world.
Women have come to assume a growing importance in world affairs in recent years. Last year, the
UN Conference on Women, the largest international
women's conference ever, was held in Beijing. The
WILPF was represented at this conference by more
than 250 delegates. Women will wldoubtedly become
leading proponents of peace in the 21st century.
Ms. Hasegawa's lifelong work for peace was born
of her experiences in the internment camps of the
Second World War. Now, 50 years after the war, her
message remains as compelling as ever. The Niwano
Peace Foundation wishes here to acknowledge Ms.
Hasegawa's significant contributions to justice and
peace and express its deep admiration for her profound love of all humankind, in keeping with the spirit of religion. We commend her for her considerable
achievements, and in the hope that she will inspire
many to follow in her footsteps, we herewith bestow
the 13th Niwano Peace Prize upon Marii Hasegawa.
15
Profile of the Recipient
<~W)
fJ I) 7 :;j- )V.::.. 7j+i '7 /'1,;f-' '/ 7 . .:r...::..
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Education:
Number one in high school graduating class, Lompoc
Union High School, Lompoc, California, 1934
B.A., Household Science, University of California at
Berkeley, 1938
Awards and Honors:
1992 In honor of her 75th birthday, the Richmond
Branch of WILPF began working to produce a
documentary film about the life of Marii
Hasegawa
1990 Honored on International Women's Day and the
75th anniversary of WILPF by Richmond
WILPF
1988 Received ci ta tion from Jane Addams Peace
Association and scholarship set up in her name
1984 Received Human Rights Award, Richmond
Human Rights Coalition
1979 For contributions to human rights, received
Outstanding Woman A"vard in Hmnan Relations
award from Richmond Young Women's Christian
Association (YWCA)
early 1960s Honored by the Zeta Phi Beta Sorority for
contributions to racial justice
For work in civil rights, received an award from
the Camden, New Jersey, YWCA
mid-1930s Second Asian to be voted into the
Prytanean Honor Society; graduated from the
University of California, Berkeley
Membership in the Following Organizations:
American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee
National Association for the Advancement of Colored
People (NAACP)
Richmond Peace Education Center
Women's International League for Peace and Freedom
(WILPF)
Young Women's Christian Association (YWCA)
Professional and Volunteer Experience:
1996 president, WILPF, Inc.
Treasurer, Region 3 (Southern Region), WILPF
Board Member, Miami Peace Education Fund
Secretary, Richmond Branch of WILPF
Member, City of Richmond Commission for the
Elderly
Board Member, Richmond Peace Education
Center (RPEC)
Member, Transforming Society and Ourselves
/'1'\-
16
17
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1996 i flJitE
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18
Committee of RPEC
1955 Chair, Site Committee, WILPF Region 3 Meeting
1660s National Board Member, U.S. WILPF
1993-94
Chair, Site Committee, WILPF National
Congress
1970s-1980s
World Mutual Services Committee, Richmond
YWCA
Board Member, Richmond YWCA
Board Member, Jane Addams Peace Association
Board and Founding Member, Richmond Peace
Education Center
Board Member, Richmond Meals on Wheels
1982-83
Vice President and Chair of Subcommittee on
Planning, The Virginia Office on Aging
1981-82
Member, Nutrition Subcommittee, The Virginia
Office on Aging
1981 Retired from Virginia Office on Aging
Consultant, Community Nutrition Institute
Revised and edited Nutrition Education for the
Elderly for the Virginia Council on Health and
Medical Care
Consultant, Virginia Office on Aging
Briefed and trained delegates to the White
House Conference on Aging for the Virginia
Office on Aging
Speaker, annual conference of the Virginia
Association of Homes for Adults on "Nutritional
Needs of the Elderly"
1979-81
Field Supervisor, Virginia Office on Aging
19
1979 iF~ Sl iF
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Member, Task Force on State Food and Nutrition Policy
1978-79
Senior Field RepresentativelNutrition Specialist, Virginia Office on Aging
1975-78
Field Representative/Nutrition Specialist,
Virginia Office on Aging
1971-75
President, U.s. Section of WILPF
1970s Participant, WILPF International Congress,
Birmingham, England
1969-74
Librarian, University of Richmond, Richmond,
Virginia
1973 Led U.S. Delegation to Hanoi, Vietnam
1972 Participant, 1972 Conference: U.S. and Soviet
Women, San Diego, California
1960s Vice President, U.S. Section of the Women's
International League for Peace and Freedom
(WILPF)
President, Burlington County, New Jersey,
branch of WILPF
Formed Camden, New Jersey, branch of WILPF
1965 Participant, WILPF International Congress,
Asilomar, California
1947-65
Ran a family farm, raised children, did volunteer work.
1995:qo2,E! 8B, 1'f-0-80i'l£o)~:'EBI:*~t#l:
1~IJl3:71)1, 1'f-O-, .2 1)1''\'3'7::1-7 (71)10)~)
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1950s Treasurer, New Jersey State WILPF
1945-47
Research Assistant, Food, Tobacco and Agricultural Workers Union, C.LO" Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania
1944-45
Assistant Dietitian, Women's Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio
1943-44
Secretary, National Association of Photographers, Cleveland, Ohio
1942-43
Worked as social worker, wrote for newspaper,
ran a field kitchen while interned at the
Tanforan Race Tracks in San Francisco and
later in the Central Utah Relocation Center in
Topaz, Utah.
1938-42
Receptionist/Clerk, International House,
University of California, Berkeley
23
I)'" .
;g 13 @1i!'FHll~~lil:fi
Ms. Marii K. Hasegawa
~
The recipient of the thirteenth Niwano Peace Prize
J\ 12:t.j''J~5l:
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Dear Friends of Peace:
What a great honor it is to greet you today and to
have accepted the Niwano Peace Prize.
I was born in a village near Hiroshima. My father
was a priest of the Jodo Shinshu Nishi Hongwanji
temple. My mother was the daughter of a merchant.
When I was 11 months old, my father was asked to go
to the United States to help look after the Japanese
Buddhists who were emigrating to that country.
Consequently, my father, mother, older sister and I
came to the United States. I have lived in the United
States all my remembered life. I was educated in
California schools, including graduation in 1938 from
the University of California at Berkeley.
I have visited Japan only once before. My husband and I came here in 1981 and traveled the length
of Japan from Kyushu to Hokkaido. We visited relatives on both sides of the family as well as friends we
had made among people who had worked or studied in
the United States. It was a joyous journey and we
learned a lot. An especially poignant trip was to
Hiroshima's Peace Memorial Park, where we solemnly struck the Peace Bell and wished for world peace.
Life for the immigrant Japanese was not easy.
They were the victims of a great deal of racial prejudice. They could not become naturalized citizens of
1
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their new country. They could not buy and own land
because they were not citizens, Somehow they raised
their children, who were American citizens because
they were born in the United States, and gave them a
good education.
WAR
On December 7, 1941, Japan attacked Pearl
Harbor in Hawaii, inflicting large losses on the United
States navy, air force and army. This had tragic consequences for the Japanese in America and their citizen children. The Federal Bureau of Investigation
swept up the leaders of the Japanese community. In
many cases they were picked up on the 7th, and many
of their families did not know their whereabouts until
many months later. The leaders were in a camp separate from where their families ended up. Although not
a single incident of sabotage or treachery was committed by the Japanese or their children, rumors ran
apace about the danger to the United States of having
us around in the area closest to Japan.
Finally, in February of 1942, Executive Order
9066 was signed by President Franklin D. Roosevelt,
which ordered 120,000 Japanese and their citizen
children away from the states of California, Oregon,
and Washington and the territory of Alaska into temporary camps and to stay there until permanent concentration camps could be built. These temporary
camps were race tracks and fairgrounds which were
enclosed and had somewhat adequate sanitary facilities.
I was sent to a race track outside of San
Francisco. Fortunately, my parents and I were sent to
the same camp. My sister, who had gone to Japan to
further her education, was stranded there for the
entire period of the war. We were reunited when she
was finally able to return to the United States in
1948, At the race track, my parents and I were housed
in a single horse stall, which had been whitewashed
and furnished with cots and straw-filled mattresses,
About a hundred people shared a latrine and ate in a
common dining room.
CONCENTRATION CAMPS
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In August and September of 1942, the move to
permanent camps took place. The camps were in a
26
27
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mountainous area and on an old lake bed in
California, one in Utah, one in Colorado, one in
Wyoming, two in Arizona, one in Idaho and two in
Arkansas. Each camp consisted of tarpaper-covered
barracks divided into blocks of two sections with 12
barracks for residential use. Each group of residential
barracks had one barracks used for a communal washroom, latrine and bath and another that was the communal kitchen and dining room. Each family was
assigned one room. The size of the room depended on
the number in the family. Each barracks had six
rooms. Very large families got two rooms. Each room
had a small stove which used coal for heating.
It was not a death camp. We had barbed-wire
fences surrounding us with soldiers in watchtowers
around the perimeter. There were accidental shootings by these soldiers of some residents. I remember
one man who chased his dog under the fence into the
desert and was shot. Where could he have escaped to
in the middle of nowhere? Family life was all but
destroyed under camp life, Families did not have to
eat together. Young teenagers spent time with their
29
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peers and only came home to sleep.
Yet, every attempt was made to create a normal
community, Schools were started, churches established, newspapers published, farms and gardens cultivated, furniture made, cooperative stores set up. The
camps were run by the residents, subject to approval
by the administration, Unskilled workers earned $12
a month, skilled workers got $16 a month and professionals got $19 a month, Each resident got a clothing
allowance of $6 a month that could be spent in the
cooperative stores or for purchases by mail order,
All this had taken place without any effort being
made to find out how we all felt about the question of
loyalty to the United States, Finally, in late 1942, a
questionnaire was used to test our loyalty. The War
Relocation Authority, which was the administrative
body for all the camps, bungled in asking the questions and a great furor arose. Although questions were
changed so answers could be given without making
things awkward for Japanese and their citizen children, many felt that this was the final insult and that
they would never be accepted in the United States.
They answered in such a way that they could be repatriated to Japan at the end of the war,
~~"'?~-m~~~O).~ft~m~O).~h'i'~.l;J::
PARTICIPATION IN WAR
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Soon after this people were free to leave camp if
they had answered the questions so that their loyalty
to the United States could not be questioned, They
could not return to the West Coast, however, and had
to go to the Midwest and the East. Many young people
left, The army also started to draft young men.
Together with volunteers and draftees from Hawaii,
the lOath and 442nd battalions were formed, These
were all Japanese-American units officered by men
not of Japanese ancestry, The reason given for this
segregation was that the exploits of these units would
be more widely known than if the JapaneseAmericans were mixed in an ordinary group. These
battalions were among the most decorated in the war
and suffered great casualties.
Another way in which Japanese-Americans
served their country was as translators, Some, who
were stationed in the South Pacific, helped to get
some Japanese soldiers and civilians to surrender by
leafleting and speaking in Japanese,
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HIROSHIMA AND NAGASAKI
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fiR"C' ~ ~ 7J f:Hl: Ij: It' i,p t ~ L ;t L t.:: !<1il A I'm 1~-'jZ*D EI EEl
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The hOlTor of war was made very evident with the
use of the atomic bombs against Japan, Air raids on
Japan had already destroyed a great deal of Tokyo
and other cities, but one atomic bomb did what hundreds of ordinary bombs could accomplish, In addition, the aftermath of these bombs, with long-lasting
physical effects on the victims, ,vith both physical and
psychological illnesses, made them terrible weapons,
Long after the war, marriages were denied victims of
the bomb, Deformed children were born to women who
had been in Hiroshima or Nagasaki, People had huge
keloid scars, Leukemia showed up in people who had
previously been thought unscathed,
I supported the United States in the Second World
War, It was my country and I thought that only victory in war could defeat fascism and militarism and was
willing to accept the abrogation of my human rights in
being sent to a concentration camp for the sake of
defeating the enemy, After the war was over and the
United Nations was organized, I thought for a while
that there was going to be world peace, However, as
the cold war developed and the United Nations was
used in the controversy, I realized that war did not settle international disputes, There had to be some alternative way toward the settlement of disputes,
WOMEN'S INTERNATIONAL LEAGUE FOR
PEACE AND FREEDOM
'b 0) 0). *i1i fpj. ~ ~ f,5 u' ;I; -tt Iv 1." L t.:: li\lG ~I I± 1~ iJ I ~ •
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I looked for some way in which I as an individual
could help find this alternative to war, It was then
that I discovered the Women's International League
for Peace and Freedom (WILPF), I had not known
much about WILPF except that it was one of the few
organizations in the United States which had come
out publicly protesting the incarceration of Japanese
in America along with their citizen children in concentration camps.
WILPF was founded in 1915 in the midst of the
First World War as an international organization
when over 1,200 women from 12 neutral and warring
nations met at The Hague in the Netherlands to discuss the advancement of women's suffrage. It was out
of the International Women's Suffrage Alliance that
WILPF was born. Many resolutions were passed by
32
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34
this congress. All were agreed that women must have
the vote and that continuous mediation among warring nations with neutral nations as mediators should
take place until the nations agreed to declare a truce.
Two teams of women went to 13 European capitals and Washington, D.C., trying to persuade officials
to initiate or accept mediation. They made 35 visits in
alL Although they were listened to with interest, they
were unsuccessful, and the war dragged on to 1918
with the additional slaughter of men, women and children and great destruction of the countryside.
The women from The Hague met again in 1919
and formally formed the WILPF, which is one of the
oldest continuously active peace organizations in the
world. It has an international office in Geneva and
national sections in 33 countries ranging over 5 continents. It has consultative status at the United
Nations. Among its members it has had 5 Nobel laureates-Jane Addams, Emily Greene Balch, Linus
Pauling, Alva Myrdal, and Dr. Martin Luther King,
Jr, However, the force of WILPF has been the thousands of "ordinary" women and men who have worked
since its founding for peace, freedom and justice.
I have been a member ofWILPF since 1947 when
I searched for some way to work for an end to war. To
WILPF, as to me, peace is not just the absence of war.
We must have social and economic justice if we are to
have peace, fi'eedom and justice. These three goals are
indivisible.
WHAT ARE SOME OF THE PATHS TO THE
GOAL WE ALL ARDENTLY DESIRE?
1. There must be total and universal disarmament. The production, sale and transfer of all weapons
should be halted. Countries should participate in an
United Nations registry for internal security. Military
budgets should be reduced to a maximum of 1% of
gross domestic product within 10 years. All production
of nuclear weapons should be halted and existing
arsenals of nuclear weapons should be destroyed. It is
possible to destroy all the nuclear weapons around the
world. One scheme might be for the United States to
buyout the nuclear weapons of other nations and
reduce its own at the same time at the cost of a fraction of its defense budget.
The Bulletin of Atomic Scientists has had an
35
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atomic annihilation clock on its cover since it began
publication. Midnight was the end. Today, the clock
reads 16 minutes to midnight. This is 50 years after
Hiroshima and Nagasaki. The end of the cold war
should have brought us even further away from midnight. We must prevent midnight from striking.
But, aside from nuclear weapons, countries must
stop the spread of regular weapons. Not only are these
weapons used in war, but we have seen an increase in
internal violence because weapons are so easily available.
2. Development of alternative economic models
must be fostered. The present model of a global market economy with the World Trade Organization and
transnational corporations means great wealth for a
few and poverty, debt and unemployment for many. It
creates homelessness as people move from rural areas
to try to find employment. Environmental degradation
and ethnic and racial strife are multiplied by this economic model. Children live in hopelessness. The present economic system fails to meet the material needs
of people. Without social and economic improvement
in the future of millions of men, women and children,
there can be no future for peace, freedom and justice.
3. The United Nations must be strengthened by
our insisting that it return to its charter. The United
States is its biggest debtor. It is $1.2 billion in arrears
accounting for more than 40% of the total amount
due. Other nations owe the remaining 60%. We must
all pay for the operations of the United Nations and
its agencies. United Nations peacekeeping has become
United States military intervention, as in Iraq,
Somalia, Haiti, and Bosnia.
Some countries, led by the United States, are call-
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38
ing for restructuring of the United Nations to make it
smaller and cut down on the tasks it performs best.
The agencies to be cut down are the very ones which
fulfill the social needs of nations.
A step that will be a democratic one is the abolition of permanent members of the Security Council,
with members of the Council elected for short terms
from the General Assembly. It is specified in the
United Nations Charter that the Security Council
must use every means for peaceful settlement of disputes before military action is even considered. The
abolition of a permanent Security Council would be a
step towards peaceful settlement before military
intervention.
The United Nations must reclaim its central role
on the economic questions of money, finance, debt,
trade, etc. and take responsibility for economic policy
away from international financial institutions. We
must all join together so that the United Nations is for
ordinary people and not for exploitation by big COl'pOrations. We must insist that our countries return to
the United Nations Charter and support it financially.
4. Racism must be eliminated. The rights of
indigenous people must be protected. Special attention must be paid to guest workers, especially women
and children. Refugees require special attention.
Ethnic groups must learn to live at peace with one
another. Discrimination against people of other colors
must be eliminated.
All nations have their own racism. The United
States is becoming more intolerant of non-whites.
Religious differences are becoming more acrimonious.
Japan urges Korean residents to J apanize their
names before becoming naturalized citizens. Guest
workers in various parts of Western Europe are given
discriminatory treatment in the courts. TIlls kind of
separation leads to genocide. There are too many
examples of genocidal behavior today to enumerate.
We must stop this wanton killing.
5. The care and upbringing of children are crucial
to peace, freedom and justice. Children have become
the major victims of war and its aftermath. They are
attacked by epidemic diseases, lost and abandoned in
refugee camps, or caught in bombings and sniper fire.
UNICEF estimates in their booklet "State of the
World's Children in 1996" that 2 million children have
39
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been killed in wars in the last 10 years.
Millions of children have been disabled. Millions
are orphans and homeless. Psychological trauma has
affected millions of children. Somehow, we must see to
it that they are protected from present wars; from
hunger; from injuries caused by weapons of past wars
which riddle their land, such as unexploded land
mines. Statistics tell us that children raised in refugee
camps are more likely to develop asocial habits as
they grow older. They must be given a sense of belonging. Children must be raised without fear of others
who are different from them. "They have to be taught
to love and hate" is a line from a song in the musical
South Pacific. Differences are not only in race, ethnicity or nationality, there are also differently abled children. Many of these conditions are the result of war
injuries. Those who are blind, unable to walk, to hear,
to talk, should be accepted with love and our children
taught that same love and acceptance. Only in that
way will we raise children who accept human rights
and freedom for all.
Parents and all adults must remember their
responsibility to teach love, not hate. A Buddhist
teaching from the Dhammapada says hate is not overcome by hate, by love alone '''tis quelled. This is the
truth of ancient days still unexcelled."
6. The proper care and treatment of women are
an important path to peace, freedom and justice. From
time immemorial, the burden of war has fallen upon
women. They have been taken captive in war and
despoiled even to the present day. Not only that, but
when active fighting is over, many women are widows
responsible for the raising of their children. Women
bear the burdens of more than 50% of society. They
should be equal partners in a world withQut war.
Social and economic changes are needed to make sure
that women are housed, fed and employed. Only in
this way can they raise the kind of children who will
help us make the kind of world we want.
We must end the bitterness of war by making
sure that women's lives are not ones of unceasing
poverty with no hope for their children. Women cannot be willing to forgive their enemies and the killers
of their husbands and children unless their hate, like
that of their children, is overcome by love. Their lives
must be such that they do not hand on their bitterness
41
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42
to their children, We have seen enough of blood feuds
to know that somewhere there must come an end to
revenge, and the care of women is the best way to do
this.
I have pointed out just a few paths we might follow to peace, freedom and justice. There are many
more paths. The important thing is how we as individuals and organizations follow these paths. As individuals, we can begin with ourselves. If we resolve to
follow the paths of our choice to the best of our ability,
we will have taken a tiny step towards our goal. Then
we must begin to convert people to our way of thinking and acting. TIllS we do not do by coercion but by
the strength of our beliefs and action, When we all
start to work together in associations and organizations, we will start making headway. The very fact
that organizations are working together will create a
climate and social order that we want. We can then
start to influence our governments.
We must be careful not to become so carried away
by our message that we are not willing to listen to others or that we get into violent altercations. Only by
willingness to hear other viewpoints and accept those
which coincide with ours can we succeed. But, in listening to others, we must never forget that our goal is
a world of peace, freedom and justice and never be
deflected from the goal because of any desire to influence more and more people even if they do not wholeheartedly believe in nor work towards our goal.
We must not yield to those people who say we are
wasting our time; that there has always been war and
violence and that there always will be, They point to
the years we have already spent in working towards
our goals. We must remember that war as an institution is thousands of years old. We cannot hope to succeed in alternatives to war in just a few hundred
years. Remember that step by step, if we ordinary
people all work together, in the end, if not in our lifetime, perhaps in our children's, or their children's lifetime, we shall have a world of peace freedom and justice, Perhaps the time will come when we no longer
hear our children cry "Okaasan, tasukete" from a
burning house or see children run on fire from napalm
through the streets of a bombed village.
43
Message
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Recipient of the Twelfth Niwano Peace Prize
M.77Ltf±
Dr. M. Aram
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44
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It is with profound respect and a heart full of
warm admiration that I greet and congratulate Ms.
Hasegawa, the thirteenth recipient of the Niwano
Peace Prize.
Here is a noble life, a long life spanning many
decades, rich in loving service, steadfast in pursuit of
peace and freedom, through thick and thin.
Here is a life characterized by a quiet dignity and
greatness striving hard for justice and human rights
including women's rights,
Here is a life that will serve as an inspiration and
example for innumerable young women and men
around the world.
I particularly applaud Ms, Hasegawa's vision of
holistic peace-"not just the absence of war, but a
world without repression, with civil rights and civil
liberties; with an economic system not exploitative;
housing and education for all, consumerism under
control; environment helped to recover; and universal
health care."
I also applaud Ms. Hasegawa's unflagging service
activities at the community and grass-roots level, coupled with her country-wide and worldwide peace programs and activities as an acknowledged leader of the
Women's International League for Peace and Freedom
(WILPF).
In the end, I congratulate the Niwano Peace
Foundation in selecting a second woman to join the
expanding family of Niwano Peace Prize laureates.
As we move towards the year 2000 and the third
millennium, let us pray together and work together
for the dawn of universal peace on planet Earth,
45
I
Ji!BljI~DMIillIi:::>1, \ "C
NIWANO PEACE FOUNDATION
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46
The Niwano Peace Foundation was established in
December 1978 to commemorate the 40th anniversary
of Rissho Kosei-kai. Internationally, its honorary president, Nik.kyo Niwano, and Rissho Kosei-kai have
actively promoted interreligious cooperation for world
peace through the World Conference on Religion and
Peace and the International Association for Religious
Freedom. Domestically, they have advocated and supported the Movement for a Brighter National
Community.
To attain peace-this difficult ideal that mankind
has strived for since pre-history-cooperation among
religious leaders to form a unity which will bring
about slow but steady progress has become increasingly vital.
Peace cannot be attained, though, by a limited
number of religious leaders, rather it must combine
all sectors of society as a whole and gather the wisdom
of all in forming a stable central body. For this purpose, equally important is the formation of an economic infrastructure. For such a necessity, in this
period of confusion, the Niwano Peace Foundation was
created.
As one concrete undertaking to realize the goal of
world peace and the enhancement of culture, the foundation also financially assists research activities and
projects based on a religious spirit concerning
thought, culture, science, education, and related subjects. Symposiums and international exchange activities which will widely benefit the public are enthusiastically encouraged.
47
m~tW~~
Shamvilla Catherina SF, 1-16-9 Shinjuku.
Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160, Japan
;JJii~~,OP~1m
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:llr*i:B~JTmI2UJTmH6-9
~03-3226-4371
:/-1'/'71' 77JT 1)-j-5F
FAX 03-3226-1835