media and religious media and religious actors in the mediterranean

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MEDIA AND RELIGIOUS
ACTORS IN THE
MEDITERRANEAN WORLD
1
Media’’s Basic Features
Media
RULE 1



Media is global
global,, fostering a fast evolving
world environment (24hr channels are delivered
through computers and phones)
Media tells us what to think about,
about, and sets the
images in our heads.
heads
Martini Media : delivered from anywhere to
radios,
di TV's,
TV' h
handheld
dh ld d
devices
i
etc
2
Islam and Muslims in Western
Media
3
Media policies
towards Muslim Portrayal


I- Prejudism:
Prejudism: a media of double standards, report
on Islam are stoked by partisan ideologues with
clear political agendas.
II-- Hate speech
II
p
provoked by
p
y identity
y threats &
ultra--nationalism (Eurabia) as well as economic
ultra
threats from migrants. Insecurities in Europe because of
migration identity,
migration,
identity integration,
integration and multiculturalism


III- A Denial and dimmed Approach
IIIIV--A Gap between The Story and the Story teller
IV
Denial Approach
4
I-Prejudism

How Muslims and Islam are reflected in the
Media reflects a social attitude towards them.

It is a pprocess of the chicken and the egg
gg where
social attitude is reflected in the media about
enhances our views and social attitude
5
PREJUDISM



When a black is criticised in the media it is
racism
When a jew is criticised it is anti
anti--semitism
But when a Muslim is criticized it is
f d
feedom
off the
h press

Atwan editor in chief elQuds newspaper
Prejudism



More than 50%
50% thought that mainstream
Media associates Islam with terrorism
terrorism..
1/3d believed it is associated with radicalism
1/4th thought is linked to the headscarf
News selection driven by stereotypes
Frames Public Fear in Europe
European TV P
E
Prime-Time
i
Ti
News
N
f
framed
d majority
j it Muslim
M li Countries
C
t i as well
ll as
Muslims since 2009 in connection with terror attacks, violence and threat to
western democracy values. PEW Poll June 2010 highlights the growing fear
in Europe.
8
Mainstream Media
9
Intolerance and prejudism towards Muslims
The Ground zero Case #1
#1
In an era of key words and tags media the
rage over Park51
Park51 was stoked by partisan
g
with clear p
political agendas.
agendas
g
.
ideologues
 TV gave the platform to those who shouts
the loudest such as Pastor Terry Jones
Jones,
Pamela Geller etc..

10
All media gave too much time and
space to the sensational
sensational,, rather than
the important.

Major
j mainstream media outlets are not the chief
culprits in the rise in intolerance towards Muslims
and Islam, domestically or internationally.
internationally. The
seemingly uncontrollable rage,
rage as expressed in the
Park51
Park
51 story, was stoked by partisan ideologues
with clear p
political agendas.
g
11
Reactions and Results of
Prejudism


R
Reactions
i
in
i Muslim
M li Majority
M j i countries
i
The rise of A Minority Media
12
Reaction in Middle Eastern &
Pakistani Media

Middle East and Pakistani news outlet
used Park 51 as a way to discuss
g
p
prejudice
j
in p
post 9/11 world
religious
and used their own platform to respond
and counter to Western Ignorance of
Islam
13
Minority Media vs. Mainstream
Media
Minority Media has emerged as a result of a prejudice mainstream media

Therefore Media is perceived to impact integration and social cohesion amongst
Europe’
Europe
p ’s diverse communities.
communities.
 The Nature’
Nature’s of today’
today’s media reporting + the emergence of domestic minority
media serving the Muslims community are leading to a segregated approach to
media consumption in Europe along Ethnic and religious lines.
lines.

Merkel’s admitted in 2010 on BBC news that “ Multicultural society has
Merkel’
utterly failed in Germany
14
• Findings Minority Media


Less than 1 in 5 thought that mainstream media
achieves
hi
a balanced
b l
d reporting.
reporting
ti .
Moreover; 40%
40% of the interviewees in one study
thought that minority media was more balanced.
balanced.
15
• Findings Minority Media

Yet Muslim minorities continue to use mainstream
media
di thus
h combining
bi i b
both
h and
d negating
i the
h idea
id
of a segregated media.

A trend of intense Media diversification
rather than segregation; 86
86%
% supplement
one media with the other..
16
SOME MINORITY MEDIA
Muslims have
turned to their
minority media
Since 9/11
BismAllah Radio
Halal magazine
g
France
Emel magazine UK
Fatawa France
Die Islamische Germany
17
II-- HATE SPEECH
II
adding Hysteria

Definition
“speech that attacks a person or group on
the basis of race,, religion,
g
, gender,
g
, or
sexual orientation “
18
Models of Hate Speech
1 Terry Jones

Terry Jones was the most quoted source
in Southern European and Latin American
news outlet during the 9/11 anniversary.
Adding Hysteria to the prejudism
19
2-Botros TV program
Cyprus
yp
The
h broadcast
b d
is in Arabic,
b Persian, and
d
Turkish via a Cyprus
yp
based satellite
He says “ my program attacks Islam not
Moslems””
Moslems
I Love Moslems and I hate Islam
He claims that Islam is not a religion at all
20
33-Wilders
Wilders acquitted of hate speech
against Muslims
21
III-- A Denial and Dimness
III
Approach 2 cases

The murdered Egyptian
gyp
doctor in Wales / England
g
September 2011

The Case of Marwa El Sherbini
killed in Dresden Germany 2009
Both cases came to light
g in western media
After Parents’ complains in Arab media
22
Dimness & Denial
23
‫ ‪Dimness‬‬‫ﻗﺎﺿﻰ اﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ﺑﺒﺮﻳﻄﺎﻧﻴﺎ ﻳﻀﻢ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﻣﻦ "اﻟﻴﻮم اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻊ" إﻟﻤﻠﻒ‬
‫ﻗﻀﻴﺔ ﻣﻘﺘﻞ اﻟﻄﺒﻴﺐ اﻟﻤﺼﺮى ﺑﻠﻨﺪن‪ ..‬واﻟﺨﺎرﺟﻴﺔ ﺗﺆآﺪ‪:‬‬
‫اﻟﻔﻮرى‪..‬وﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ اﻟﺪمم أﺛﺒﺖ أﻧﻪ ﻻ‬
‫ﺢ اﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻖ ر‬
‫اﻟﺼﺤﻴﻔﺔ ﺳﺒﺐ ﻓﺘﺢ‬
‫ﻳﺘﻌﺎط اﻟﻤﺨﺪرات وﺗﻢ ﻗﺘﻠﻪ ﺑﺤﻘﻨﺔ ﺳﺎﻣﺔ‬
‫ﺳﺒﺘﻤﺒﺮ ‪2011‬‬
‫اﻟﺴﺒﺖ‪ 24 ،‬ﺒﺘﻤﺒﺮ‬
‫‪ – Sept 24 2011‬اﻟ ﺒﺖ‬
‫‪24‬‬
The original
Name is Park 51,
yet only the term
Ground Zero
was used
IV--The A Gap between The
IV
Story and the Story teller
The ground Zero Mosque
Media left the people with the impression that park 51 is just a mosque
25
RECOMMENDATIONS




Having more Muslims working within the media
industry may improve the perception of Muslims
across society
Note: 40%
40% amongg media p
professionals identified
Prejudice as a barrier to Muslim employment
within the media industry.
T i i off JJournalists
Training
li on multiculturalism
li l
li and
d
Religions to avoid Ignorance and /or Insufficient
knowledge as well as the Misuse of terminology
Laws protecting minorities, and against the
defamation of religions
g
are a must in this era
26
RECOMMENDATIONS

Promote a media with responsibility and
understanding (against negative
stereotyping)
yp g) in order not to polarize
p
societies.
27