Kingdom Protista

Kingdom Protista
Sabrina Pietrucha and Soha Huq
Domain: Eukarya
★ Kingdoms Protista, Fungi,
Plantae, Animalia
○ Eukaryotes, many ways to access
energy, can be unicellular or
multicellular.
★ Most ways to access carbon.
Domain Eukarya holds
many familiar organisms.
Kingdom Protista: Cell Type
★ Eukaryotes, evolved about 2.1 billion years
ago.
○ Has nucleus and a more complicated structure than
Prokaryotes.
★ No unique organelles
★ Typically no cell wall, but may be present.
○ Made of cellulose, pectin and silica.
★ First Eukaryotes,
evolved due to
endosymbiosis.
○ Larger bacterium engulfs
smaller one by surrounding
it in its cytoplasm.
★ Can be either Unicellular
or Multicellular
Algae, a member of Kingdom
Protista, is multicellular.
Kingdom: Nutrition
★ Autotrophs and Heterotrophs
★ Use photosynthesis, decomposing, or simply
eating smaller organisms for obtaining
How a
energy.
regular
protist
eats to
obtain
energy
(glucose)
Kingdom: Reproduction
★ Typically asexual, but
can also reproduce
sexually by fission.
○ Uses the oogonium
and antheridium
★ Mitosis and meiosis.
Asexual Reproduction of a
Protista.
Kingdom: Relationships
★ Protista has organisms which are
autotrophs and use photosynthesis like
Plantae.
★ Can move and be autotrophs like
Animalia.
★ Reproduce with spores and can be
parasites like Fungi.
Interesting Kingdom Facts
★ Kingdom Protista is the broadest
kingdom.
★ Many organisms in Protista were
originally classified as Fungi.
★ Biologists believe that protists were
the ancestors of plants and animals
★ The word protist comes from a Greek
word meaning primary because they
were believed to be the first
organsims
Some examples of
organisms in Kingdom
Protista.
Phylum Oomycota: Ecology
★ Resides in water or moist soil
★ Omnivores (Heterotrophs)
○ Decompose matter and absorb energy from
surroundings by eating others. Also uses
photosynthesis.
★ Symbiotic Relationship: Parasitism
○ Destroys crops and harms aquatic life
Oomycota: Species and Anatomy
★ About 500 organisms
○ Ex: Saprolegnia, water molds,
downy mildew
★ Anatomy: Cell wall (glucans),
2 flagella, mycolaminarian
storage system, fungus- like
threads (hypha)
Water molds, as
dictated by their name,
reside in water
Oomycota: Organism
★ Kingdom: Protista
○
○
○
○
○
○
Phylum: Oomycota
Class: Oomycetes
Order: Peronosporales
Family: Pythiaceae
Genus: Phytophthora
Species: Phytophthora infestans
Image of Phytophthora
infestans close-up (So
beautiful…?)
This Protista is extremely
devastating to crops and can
wipe out entire fields. To top
it off, they reproduce quickly
as well.
Oomycota: Relationships
★ Bears strong resemblance to most phyla,
also uses spores and are heterotrophic.
★ Parasitism (serious diseases! We’ll get to
that…)
★ Mostly resembles fungi more than any
other phyla.
Interesting Info
★ Brought about the creation
of the chemical Bordeaux.
★ Dangerous to chocolate
production and oak trees.
★ Caused The Great Famine
in Ireland.
About a million people died
from hunger when potatoes
were attacked by Phytophthora
infestans.
Phylum Zoomastigophora
★ Has parasitic relationships
with organisms
★ Species○ trypanosoma
○ leishmania
○ giardia
○ trichomonadida
In the phylum Zoomastigophora,
there is the species called
giardia. It is known for having
many flagella.
Anatomy
★ All Zoomastigophora have flagella for
locomotion!
★ Has a thin layer called pellicle that
supports the cell membrane, protects
them and allows them to retain their
shape during locomotion
★ Kingdom- Protista
★ Phylum & or ClassZoomastigophora
★ Order- Kinetoplastida
★ Family- Trypanosomatidae
★ Genus- Trypanosoma
★ Species- brucei
Trypanosoma brucei among
red blood cells. This causes
the infected organism to fall
into a fatal sleep.
Relationships With Other Phyla
★ Similarities
○
○
○
○
Has species that cause diseases
Uses locomotion
Some have a pellicle layer
Parasitism
★ Differences
○ It’s non-photosynthetic
Zoomastigophora Facts
★ Also known as
Map of the deaths in certain African countries
causes by African sleeping sickness
Zooflagellates
★ The species
Trypanosoma
brucei causes
African sleeping sickness.
★ Can have 4 to 6 flagella!
(That’s a lot)
Works Cited
"Five Kingdom Classification System." Five Kingdom Classification
System. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 May 2014.
Gregory, Michael J. "Protists." Faculty.clintoncc.suny.edu. N.p., n.d. Web.
11 May 2014.
"Oomycota." - MicrobeWiki. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 May 2014
"Kingdom Protista." Kingdom Protista. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 May 2014.
Miller, Kenneth R., and Joseph S. Levine. Biology. Boston, MA: Pearson,
2014. 526-27. Print.
"Phytophthora Infestans Classification Information - Sometimes It's Hard
to Fit in."Phytophthora Infestans Classification Information - Sometimes It's
Hard to Fit in. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 May 2014.
"Plant Life." : Oomycetes. N.p.", n.d. Web. 12 May 2014., n.d. Web. 12 May
2014.
"Taxonomy of African Trypanosoma Species." Taxonomy of African
Trypanosoma Species. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 May 2014.
"UNM Biology Undergraduate Labs." Untitled 1. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 May
2014.
FIN