Comprehensive Plan (2015-2035)

Transcription

DRAFT
Comprehensive
Plan (2015-2035)
City of Kosciusko, Mississippi
Board of Aldermen:
Marvin Lawrence, Ward 1
Henry Daniel, Ward 2
Robert Ellis, Ward 3
Jeffery Woods, Ward 4
Tim Kyle, Alderman at large
Jimmy Cockroft, Mayor
Hart Pettit, City Clerk
Adopted by the Kosciusko Board of Alderman
Month XX, 2015
DRAFT
Prepared by:
DRAFT
Table of Contents
Chapter Four: Existing Conditions and Constraints ......................... 26
List of Figures and Tables ...................................................................iii
Existing Land Use Categories and Inventory ................................ 26
List of Maps ........................................................................................iii
Development Constraints and Restrictions ................................. 30
Preface ...............................................................................................iv
Chapter Five: Future Land Use Plan ................................................. 38
Purpose of a Comprehensive Plan .................................................iv
Introduction and Methodology.................................................... 38
Components of a Comprehensive Plan..........................................iv
Potential Land Use Needs ............................................................ 39
Executive Summary.........................................................................v
Future Land Use Categories ......................................................... 40
Chapter 1: Introduction ..................................................................... 1
Chapter Six: Transportation Plan ..................................................... 45
Location.......................................................................................... 1
Functional Classification .............................................................. 45
Natural Features ............................................................................ 1
Road, Right-of-Way & Pavement Standards ................................ 46
Transportation Network ................................................................ 1
Traffic Counts ............................................................................... 46
History ............................................................................................ 2
Forms of Transportation .............................................................. 49
Kosciusko Today ............................................................................. 3
General Recommendations ......................................................... 51
Chapter Two: City of Kosciusko Profile .............................................. 4
Chapter Seven: Community Facilities Plan ...................................... 52
Population Analysis ........................................................................ 4
General Government Operations ................................................ 52
Housing Characteristics................................................................ 12
City Courts .................................................................................... 52
Economic Analysis ........................................................................ 13
Cemetery Department ................................................................. 53
Chapter Three: Goals, Objectives and Policy Recommendations .... 15
Code Enforcement/Building Inspection Department .................. 53
Introduction ................................................................................. 16
Fire Department ........................................................................... 54
Visual Perception and Image ....................................................... 16
Kosciusko Light and Water ........................................................... 56
Land Use and Development ......................................................... 17
Parks and Recreation Department ............................................... 57
Economic Development ............................................................... 19
Police Department ....................................................................... 60
Transportation ............................................................................. 19
Public School Facilities ................................................................. 61
Community Facilities and Services ............................................... 20
Public Works & Streets Department ............................................ 62
Plan Implementation Goals.......................................................... 25
Solid Waste/Sanitation Department ............................................ 64
City of Kosciusko Comprehensive Plan, Draft as of May 13, 2015
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Wastewater Department ............................................................. 64
Animal Control Department ........................................................ 66
Industrial Parks ............................................................................ 66
Other Community Facilities ......................................................... 66
Chapter Eight: Implementation and Plan Maintenance .................. 69
Implementation tools .................................................................. 69
Plan Maintenance ........................................................................ 70
Summary of Needs/Projects by Department ............................... 71
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List of Figures and Tables
List of Maps
TABLE PREFACE.1: WHAT IS A COMPREHENSIVE PLAN? ............................................ IV
FIGURE 1.1: KOSCIUSKO'S LOCATION .................................................................... 1
FIGURE 1.2: KOSCIUSKO'S TRANSPORTATION NETWORK ........................................... 2
FIGURE 1.3: STATUE OF TAUDEUSZ KOSCIUSZKO LOCATED IN REDBUD SPRINGS PARK..... 3
FIGURE 2.1: KOSCIUSKO'S HISTORIC POPULATION ................................................... 4
FIGURE 2.2: ATTALA COUNTY HISTORIC POPULATION .............................................. 5
FIGURE 2.3: ATTALA COUNTY 2010 POPULATION DISTRIBUTION............................... 5
FIGURE 2.4: NATURAL INCREASE AND MIGRATION COMPONENT ................................ 7
FIGURE 2.5: COMPARATIVE POPULATION GROWTH FOR KOSCIUSKO AND LIKE-SIZE
MISSISSIPPI COMMUNITIES, 1970 - 2010 .................................................... 7
FIGURE 2.6: POPULATION FORECAST COMPARISON ................................................. 8
FIGURE 2.7: KOSCIUSKO RACIAL COMPOSITION 2010 .............................................. 9
FIGURE 2.8: KOSCIUSKO RACIAL COMPOSITION BETWEEN 2000 AND 2010 ................. 9
FIGURE 2.9: KOSCIUSKO 2010 AGE DISTRIBUTION ................................................ 10
FIGURE 2.10: KOSCIUSKO AGE STRUCTURE BETWEEN 2000 AND 2010..................... 10
FIGURE 2.12: EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT FOR KOSCIUSKO, ATTALA COUNTY, AND
MISSISSIPPI FOR 2010 ............................................................................. 11
FIGURE 2.11: COMPOSITION OF POPULATION BY SEX, 2000-2010 .......................... 11
FIGURE 2.13: KOSCIUSKO 2010 HOUSING UNITY TYPES......................................... 13
FIGURE 2.14: KOSCIUSKO’S ANNUAL GROSS RETAIL SALES ...................................... 14
FIGURE 2.15: KOSCIUSKO SALES TAX DIVERSION ................................................... 15
FIGURE 4. 1: LAND USE ANALYSIS ...................................................................... 27
FIGURE 4. 2: HOUSE IN KOSCIUSKO'S HISTORIC DISTRICT ........................................ 30
TABLE 4.3: EXISTING CONSTRAINTS IN KOSCIUSKO AND THE PLANNING AREA ............. 37
TABLE 5. 1: FUTURE LAND USE PROJECTION ......................................................... 39
FIGURE 6. 1: AVERAGE DAILY TRAFFIC COUNT ...................................................... 49
FIGURE 7.1: KOSCIUSKO CITY HALL ..................................................................... 52
FIGURE 7. 2: KOSCIUSKO FIRE STATION ............................................................... 54
FIGURE 7. 3: KOSCIUSKO LIGHT AND WATER BUILDING .......................................... 57
FIGURE 7. 4: HUGH P. ELLARD MEMORIAL PARK................................................... 59
FIGURE 7. 5: JASON NILES PARK......................................................................... 59
FIGURE 7. 6: KOSCIUSKO POLICE STATION AND CITY COURTS ................................... 60
FIGURE 7. 7: KOSCIUSKO JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL .................................................... 61
FIGURE 7. 8: ATTALA COUNTY OPRAH WINFREY BOYS AND GIRLS CLUB .................... 67
FIGURE 7. 9: STRAND THEATER .......................................................................... 67
MAP PREFACE .1: COMPREHENSIVE PLANNING AREA ........................................... VII
MAP 2.1: 2010 POPULATION CONCENTRATION ...................................................... 6
MAP 4.1: EXISTING LAND USE ........................................................................... 28
MAP 4.2: EXISTING LAND USE KOSCIUSKO ZOOM.................................................. 29
MAP 4.3: KOSCIUSKO HISTORIC DISTRICT ............................................................ 31
MAP 4.4: SEPTIC TANK SUITABILITY .................................................................... 33
MAP 4.5: WETLANDS....................................................................................... 34
MAP 4.6: SEVERE SLOPE................................................................................... 35
MAP 4.7: 100-YEAR FLOODPLAIN ...................................................................... 36
MAP 5.1: FUTURE LAND USE............................................................................. 43
MAP 5.2: FUTURE LAND USE KOSCIUSKO ZOOM ................................................... 44
MAP 6.1: TRANSPORTATION PLAN...................................................................... 47
MAP 6.2: AVERAGE DAILY TRAFFIC COUNT .......................................................... 48
MAP 7.1: FIRE PROTECTION DISTRICTS, RATINGS AND STATIONS .............................. 55
MAP 7.2: WATER SYSTEM AND IMPROVEMENTS ................................................... 58
MAP 7.3: KOSCIUSKO SCHOOL DISTRICT .............................................................. 63
MAP 7.4: SEWER SYSTEM AND IMPROVEMENTS .................................................... 65
MAP 7.5: CULTURAL RESOURCES ....................................................................... 68
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Preface
Purpose of a Comprehensive Plan
A Comprehensive Plan is used by cities and counties to establish a
vision for the community. Communities are constantly evolving;
economic conditions and consumer development patterns have the
means to transform, sometimes so fast the communities do not
realize it is happening. This document, if adopted and put into action,
can be a proactive measure that clearly defines where and how a
community progresses.
Comprehensive planning is also a tool used to anticipate future
growth and development and to strategize for future decisions and
resources in response to this growth. This document can serve as a
reference for zoning ordinances, subdivision regulations, and any
maps or official amendments that accompany these ordinances.
When major changes are occurring or are requested within a
community, the Comprehensive Plan should assist elected officials in
a direction they are prepared and excited to move towards.
Components of a Comprehensive Plan
Further information should be included to clearly define each
proposed land use.
Table Preface.1: What is a Comprehensive Plan?
What it is
What it isn’t
A statement of City policy
A Zoning Ordinance
A guide to decision making
A Land Development Code
A specific framework for more
specific planning
A rigid or static document
A tool for education and
communication
A Capital Improvements Plan
A view in long range
perspective
A City Budget template
A way to improve quality of life
A specific project development
plan
Source: Dothan 2030: A Sense of New Beginnings – Comprehensive Plan, City
of Dothan, Alabama

The State of Mississippi Legislature defines minimum requirements
for a Comprehensive Plan (Mississippi Code § 17-1-1). The City of
Kosciusko’s Comprehensive Plan addresses each of the following and
elaborates further in the chapters to come.


Goals and Objectives are prepared for a long range planning
period of 20 to 25 years. They should include but are not
limited to matters regarding residential, commercial and
industrial development; open space and recreation; street or
road improvements; and community facilities.
Land Use Plan, either in map or policy form, outlines the
proposed distribution of land uses for residences, commerce,
industry, recreation, and public/quasi-public facilities.

Transportation Plan should be represented in map form and
identify the proposed functional classifications for existing
and proposed roadways. This plan should cover the same
land area as defined by the Land Use Plan and cover the same
planning period as the Goals and Objectives. Functional
classifications for roadways include arterial, collector, and
local.
Community Facilities Plan addresses issues such as the
following: housing, schools, public safety, parks and
recreation, public buildings and facilities, utilities, and
drainage.
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Executive Summary
1) Significant Finding–The City should be consistent and diligent in
enforcing regulations.
Recommendation:
 Adopt a new zoning ordinance and parcel based
Official Zoning Map.
 Adopt an updated Subdivision Regulations.
 Continue to adopt updated Construction, Building and
Fire Codes, including a property maintenance code.
 Adopt a new sign ordinance that works hand and hand
with the zoning code.
 Adopt Architectural Design Standards.
 Adopt a Landscaping Ordinance.
 Adopt and enforce a Minimum Rental Standards
Ordinance.
2) Significant Finding–Promote economic development through
improvements and development.
Recommendation:
 Insure that the education system is of the highest
quality possible.
 Work with Attala County and Kosciusko-Attala
Development Corporation to market available
industrial commercial land within the Mid-Mississippi
Eco Park or elsewhere within the city.
 Explore rebranding Mid-Mississippi Eco Park through a
name change and expansion of uses to include both
industrial and business park activities.
 Work with Attala County and Kosciusko-Attala
Development Corporation to expand Kosciusko-Attala
County Industrial Park.
 Explore and market incentives aimed at attracting new
industry and businesses.
 Partner with neighboring counties to establish a
regional economic development council.
3) Significant Finding–The City should use ordinances to improve its
curb appeal.
Recommendation:
 Adopt a new zoning ordinance.
 Adopt an updated Subdivision Regulations.
 Continue to adopt updated Construction, Building and
Fire Codes, including a property maintenance code.
 Adopt a new sign ordinance.
 Adopt Architectural Design Standards.
 Adopt a Landscaping Ordinance.
 Adopt and enforce a Minimum Rental Standards
Ordinance.
4) Significant Finding–Get results through effective administration.
Recommendation:
 Establish an overall City image.
 Work with the county to ensure development around the
city is connected to city utilities.
 Require developers to construct at least one lane of
projected improvements for collectors and arterials
when their developments front a collector or arterial.
 Insure the development fees offset the cost of Planning
and Code Enforcement.
5) Significant Finding–Public facilities improvements are needed.
Recommendation:
 Establish a routine maintenance cycle (fifteen years) for
all roadway improvements such as resurfacing, striping,
etc.
 Adopt a Complete Streets Policy to consider alternative
modes of transportation.
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 Repair, maintain and expand the city’s current network
of sidewalks.
 Mark bicycle routes and provide bicycle infrastructure
where feasible.
 Improve drainage where necessary.
 Work with Kosciusko Light and Water to resolve
undersized waterlines and lack of fire hydrants.
 Consider merging Kosciusko’s Wastewater Department
into Kosciusko Light and Water.
 Continually work to improve Park and Recreation
offerings.
 Review annually and plan to address departmental
staffing, facility and technology needs.
 Pursue the 4-laning of Highway 35 or Highway 12 to
better connect Kosciusko to Interstate 55.
6) Significant Finding–The City should review zoning on map and in
text.
Recommendations:
 Update Zoning Ordinance and Map.
 Add Medical District Zone to reflect Health Care Zone
Plan.
 Add a zoning district that encourages mixed use
development.
 Possibly rezone areas to encourage redevelopment or
new development.
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Date: April 10, 2015
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Figure 1.1: Kosciusko's Location
Chapter 1: Introduction
Location
The City of Kosciusko is the county seat of Attala County, Mississippi
and is located in Central Mississippi. Kosciusko is located 71 miles
northeast of Jackson, Mississippi, the State Capital; 76 miles
northwest of Meridian, Mississippi; 56 miles southwest of Starkville,
Mississippi; and 56 miles southeast of Greenwood, Mississippi. The
city is located 210 miles from the Mississippi Gulf Coast and 154 miles
from Memphis, Tennessee. Kosciusko is also located on the historic
444 mile-long Natchez Trace Parkway at the 160th mile marker.
The Mississippi Development Authority Tourism Division places
Kosciusko in The Pines Region of Mississippi, a region filled with
rolling hills that are covered in pine and hardwood trees and rivers
and creeks teeming with native fish of many types. Like many cities
in Mississippi the city has a connection to the state’s home grown
musical style, the Blues. The Mississippi Blues Trail runs through the
city and has a marker honoring the home-grown talent of Charlie
Mussselwhite, a harmonica virtuoso who took his talents to Memphis
and Chicago.
Natural Features
The city has a total area of 7.55 square miles, of which 7.54 square
miles is land (99.9%) and 0.01 square miles of it is water (0.1 %).
Transportation Network
The City of Kosciusko’s transportation corridors are made up
exclusively of State Highways with the exception of the Natchez Trace
Parkway. The Natchez Trace Parkway is a unique federal road, which
is only intended for leisure not commercial traffic. The Trace is part
of the National Park System and recreates a trade route used by
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Native Americans and early settlers in Mississippi and Tennessee.
Therefore the Trace is really a tourism attractant for the city not a
transportation corridor.
Kosciusko received its name from William Dodd, who was the first
representative of the area in the State Legislator. Dodd’s grandfather
served with Taudeusz Kosciuszko in the Revolutionary War. Dodd and
Five Mississippi State Highways serve the transportation needs of
Kosciusko. Mississippi Highways 12, 14 and 19 are east and west
corridors for the city. Mississippi Highways 12 connects Kosciusko to
US Highway 82 in Starkville, and US Highway 51 and Interstate 55 in
the West. Mississippi Highways 14 connects Kosciusko to US Highway
45 and the State of Alabama in the East and US Highway 51 and
Interstate 55 in the West.
Mississippi Highways 19 connects
Kosciusko to Interstate 20 in Meridian and US Highway 51 and
Interstate 55 in the West. Mississippi Highways 35 and 43 are north
and south corridors for the city. Mississippi Highways 35 connects
with Interstate 55 and US Highway 51 in the north and Interstate 20
and US Highway 80 to the south. Mississippi Highways 43 connects
with US Highway 51 in the north and 20 and US Highway 80 to the
south.
Figure 1.2: Kosciusko's Transportation Network
History
The City of Kosciusko was incorporated in 1836. Taudeusz Kosciuszko
is the community’s name sake. Kosciuszko was a Polish citizen who
moved to North America upon hearing about the outbreak of the
Revolutionary War. He served as a colonel in the Continental Army
and was known for designing and building the fortification at West
Point, New York.
Kosciusko has a rich history dating back to the late 1700s due to its
location on the original Natchez Trace route. During this period, the
area became known as Red Bud Springs due to three natural springs
that existed in the area. This made the area a popular stop for those
travelling from Natchez to Nashville along the Trace. The settlement
became permanent once the land of Central Mississippi was ceded.
his grandfather both held Kosciuszko in high regards leading him to
choose the unique name of Kosciusko. Dodd inadvertently omitted
the “z” when submitting the name to the legislator and thus the
name “Kosciusko” was born.
Kosciusko also gave rise to some notable media personalities,
musicians and civil rights figures. The aforementioned Charlie
Mussselwhite was born in the City of Kosciusko. Oprah Winfrey is also
a native of Kosciusko even though she had move away by the age of
six. James Meredith, the first black student to be admitted to the
University of Mississippi, was also a native of Kosciusko.
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Kosciusko Today
Figure 1.3: Statue of Taudeusz Kosciuszko located in Redbud Springs Park.
Kosciusko Culture
Kosciusko hosts many annual events throughout the year. The two
most notable are the Natchez Trace Festival which is held in the last
Saturday in April, and the Central Mississippi Fair held in August. The
Natchez Trace Festival consists of artisans and craftsmen’s displays
and demonstrations, a 5K run, food, car show, and many other family
activities. The Central Mississippi Fair provides carnival and midway
entertainment, exhibits, and other activities.
Media

The Star-Herald (Newspaper)
Education
Post-Secondary Education Institution
 Attala Educational Center, a satellite of Holmes Community
College
 Kosciusko-Attala Vocational-Technical Center
Kosciusko Public Schools
 Kosciusko Lower Elementary
 Middle Elementary School
 Upper Elementary School
 Kosciusko Junior High School
 Kosciusko Senior High School
Private Schools
 Old Dominion Christian School
 Presbyterian Day School
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Over the last 110 years Kosciusko has experienced a growth rate of
13.9%. The largest growth periods were prior to 1960. Kosciusko
experienced an average growth rate of 28.5% from 1900 to 1960;
since 1960 to the present the average growth rate has been 1.6%. In
both 1920 and 1990 the city experienced a negative growth rate of
approximately 5.5% each year.
Chapter Two: City of Kosciusko Profile
This chapter compiles information, such as population, race, age,
housing, and economics, to establish a community profile of
Kosciusko. This majority of this information is recorded by the United
States Census Bureau every ten years. However, detailed data for the
2010 Census is in the process of being released and additional
sources and estimates were used to include the most recent
information. Establishing a current community profile is useful in
order to understand how the County has evolved over time and how
it might continue to evolve into the future.
Population Analysis
City of Kosciusko
Since 1900, the City of Kosciusko has
experienced a general increase in
population, as would be expected.
Only in two decennial census periods
has Kosciusko experienced a decrease
in population. From 1910 to 1920
Kosciusko decrease from a population
of 2,385 to 2,258 and from 1980 to
1990 the population decrease from
7,415 to 6,986. The population of
7,415 residents, in 1980, just happens
to be the largest population recorded
by the United States Census for
Kosciusko. Since 1970 the population
of Kosciusko has remained rather
stagnate.
The following map illustrates population concentration by the 2010
Census Blocks. Each dot represents two people living in each census
block. Kosciusko’s population is concentrated around the downtown,
northwest and southeast portions of the corporate limits. The
southwestern portion of the city is the least populated area. The
population within the Planning Area is concentrated to the eastern
Figure 2.1: Kosciusko's Historic Population
2010
7,402
2000
7,372
1990
6,986
1980
7,415
1970
7,266
1960
6,800
1950
6,753
1940
4,291
1930
3,237
1920
2,258
1910
2,385
1900
2,078
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
Source: U.S Census Bureau Decennial Census Data
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half of the planning area with the Figure 2.2: Attala County Historic Population
western portion being less populated.
Other Attala County Communities
Three other incorporated cities exist in
Attala County: Ethel, McCool, and
Sallis. The peak population times of
these communities happened in 1930
for McCool and Sallis and in 1940 for
Ethel. Ethel’s population peaked at 828
in 1940 and has continued to
experience a negative growth rate
until the present day. McCool’s
population peaked at 571 in 1930. McCool’s population has
decreased by more than 400 people in the last 80 years to a current
population of 135. Sallis’s population peaked at 364 in 1930 and has
decreased to 134 people currently. However, unlike Ethel and
McCool, Sallis grew by approximately 18% since 2000.
and 2010. Those cities – Hernando, Petal, D’Iberville, and Bay St.
Louis – that were contained within a Metropolitan Statistical Area
experienced the largest growth, at least double digit growth.
Hernando experienced exceptional growth and doubled in
population in ten years.
The unincorporated portions of Attala County
Figure 2.3: Attala County 2010 Population Distribution
have experienced a roller coaster of population
growth. Over the last 110 years the
unincorporated areas have experienced a
population growth of approximately -5%. The 30
year period from 1950 to 1970 was especially hard
on the unincorporated portions of the county and
58%
the incorporated cities, as well. About 10,700
people left Attala County; only about 2,500 people
left the incorporated areas. Currently, Attala
County is about 66% of its size in 1940, while
Kosciusko is about 173% of its size in 1940.
Comparative Population Growth
Most cities of a comparable to Kosciusko
experienced a gain in population between 2000
City of Kosciusko
Ethel
McCool
38%
1%
Sallis
2%
1%
Unincorporated Attala County
Source: U.S Census Bureau Decennial Census Data
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DRAFT
Louisville and Holly Springs were the only comparison Figure 2.4: Natural Increase and Migration Component
cities that experienced losses of population of -5.4% and 3.2%, respectively. Kosciusko is the slowest growing city
of the growing cites. Amory, Batesville, and New Albany
grew about 5% while Philadelphia grew at a rate of 2.4%.
From 1970 to 2010 most of the eleven comparison cities
experienced double-digit growth. Armory, Louisville, and
Kosciusko were the only cities not to see double-digit
growth, all grew less than 2%. None of the cities
experienced negative growth since 1970. Hernando again
experienced a large growth during the 40 year time frame,
as did Batesville. The remaining six cities experienced growth of
around 30% in 40 years.
Kosciusko from seeing a loss in population. Naturally the population
of Kosciusko is decreasing. The city saw the deaths of 1,778 residents
from 2000 to 2010, while only 1,483
new residents were born during that
Figure 2.5: Comparative Population Growth for Kosciusko and Like-Size Mississippi Communities, 1970 - 2010
same time. That is a net loss of 295
residents in the last decade.
Population Projections
Population projections attempt to
predict the future population of
Kosciusko at some point in the future.
There are numerous methods for
calculating these projections. This
analysis briefly compares three
alternative projection methods and
forecasts Kosciusko’s population into
2040, twenty-five to thirty years down
the road.
Natural Decrease and Migration
The migration study indicates that Kosciusko is gaining population
due to the in-migration of new citizens. According to the U.S. Census,
between 2000 and 2010 at least 325 new residents moved into the
Corporate Limits of Kosciusko. This movement of new citizens kept
The first method is a proportional method which forecasts city
population based on a proportion percentage of the City’s population
to the County’s population. The Mississippi Institute of Higher
7|Page
DRAFT
Learning publishes population projections for Figure 2.6: Population Forecast Comparison
all counties in the state. The most recent
8,100
report was published in 2012 and is based on
8,000
the 2010 Census. This report only extends
7,900
projections into the year 2025 which is too
short for the planning period of this
7,800
Comprehensive Plan, but the analysis, for
7,700
comparison purposes, is helpful.
7,600
Kosciusko has represented approximately 37%
of Attala County over the last 40 years, a
lasting trend. As seen in Figure 2.6, the
proportional method shows continued growth
for Kosciusko in the next ten years. The
proportional method does, however, show a
slightly faster population growth than both the
Average Growth Rate and Least Squared
Methods.
7,500
7,400
7,300
7,200
7,100
7,000
2010
2015
2020
2025
2030
2035
2040
IHL Proportional Method
Average Growth Rate
Least Squared Method
Source: Slaughter & Associates Calculations
Calculating the growth rate for the City of
Kosciusko over the past forty years produces
an average over time which can be used to project future population.
Over the last 50 years the growth rate for Kosciusko has averaged
2.7%. During this same time the growth rate has ranged from -5.9%
to 6.9%. The lowest growth rate of -5.9% appears to be a onetime
spike in the last 50 years. The highest growth rate of 6.9% appears to
be a onetime spike as well. With these two outlier removed the
averaged growth rate of 2.7% every ten years (or approximately 1.5%
every 5 years) was produced. This method forecasts the population
to be approximately 8,000 people by 2040. That is a growth of
approximately 100 new residents every five years for the next 30
years. The City of Kosciusko will not lose or gain population at
constant rate for the next 30 years; some years may have higher
growth rates than others. It is the goal of this plan to address issues
that are driving the current population growth and ensure that
Kosciusko can provide services and quality of life to an increasing
population.
The least-squared method projects a future population based on a
linear trend established by a historic timeframe. This trend produces
a population projection that is less aggressive than the previous two
methods. In 2040, the least-squared method projects the population
of Kosciusko to be just over 7,600 residents. This method predicts
growth of about 40 residents every 5 years. That is under half of the
population that the other two methods expect the City of Kosciusko
to grow.
All three projection methods expect Kosciusko to grow in the next
thirty years. However, they do vary on how fast they expect the city
to grow. According to the forecast the city could grow between 250
people and 600 people. Only time will tell which is correct. National,
8|Page
DRAFT
regional and local circumstances will all impact the Figure 2.7: Kosciusko Racial Composition 2010
future growth and the rate of growth that the City of
Kosciusko with experience in the next 30 years.
Racial Composition
The racial composition in the City of Kosciusko has
seen some signification changes between 2000 and
2010. The city has went from majority white to a
majority black city in 10 years. This change in racial
makeup was caused by a -14.8% change in the white
population and 17% change in the black population.
The racial breakup in the city among the white and
black populations essentially flipped from 2000 to
2010. The white population made up 53.7% of the
population in 2000 and made up 45.6% in 2010, while
White
the black population made up 44.6% in 2000 and
51.9% in 2010. The remaining races accounted for
approximately 2% in both 2000 and 2010. The population of the other
races increased by 55 residents in the 10 year period.
For comparison, the racial composition of Attala County did not
experience the same change of the majority racial background. Like
Figure 2.8: Kosciusko Racial Composition between 2000 and 2010
51.9%
45.6%
1.7%
Black
American Indian
0.0%
Asian
0.3%
0.5%
Native Hawaiian
Other
Source: Unites States Census Bureau Decenial Census
Kosciusko the county did lose some white population and gain some
black population. The racial makeup in 2000 consisted of 58.3%
white, 40% black and 1.7% of other races. In 2010, the racial makeup
was 56.2% white, 42% black and 1.8% other races. This was virtually
the same both years.
Age Characteristics
Kosciusko’s median age (34.9) is considerably lower than
that of Attala County (39.6) and just slightly lower than
the State of Mississippi (36). Approximately 56% of
Kosciusko’s population is under the age of 40 helping
contribute to the low median age in the city. Nearly one
third of the population is school-aged children, while
nearly 20% of the population is retirement-aged. This
leaves nearly half of the population available for entry
into the workforce with the exception of those attending
institutes of higher learning or the disabled.
9|Page
DRAFT
Figure 2.9: Kosciusko 2010 Age Distribution
Figure 2.10: Kosciusko Age Structure between 2000 and 2010
1,400
7%
6%
17%
0 to 9
10 to 19
9%
1,200
20 to 29
14%
11%
34.9 Median
Age 2010
37.3 Median
Age 2000
30 to 39
40 to 49
1,000
50 to 59
13%
11%
12%
60 to 69
70 to 79
800
80 and older
Source: Unites States Census Bureau Decenial Census
Figure 2.6 shows that from 2000 to 2010 the number of residents
between the ages of 0 to 9, 20 to 29, 50 to 59, and 60 to 69 increased.
The increase in residents between the ages of 0 to 9 and 20 to 29 tells
us that it is likely that families with children are moving to the
Kosciusko for some reason. The increase of 20 to 29 olds also adds
young educated workers to the workforce, as it is becoming more
common for those in the age range to attend college and even
receive degrees. The 50 to 59 age range experienced growth over
the ten year period. This age group is particularly important since
they are nearing or are in their peak earning potential which can
affect the areas potential to attract new amenities. The 60 to 69 age
range experienced growth, as well. This is an area that could yield
some concern as this age group is retirement age or nearing. If this
increase continues over the next thirty years providing health care
and amenities for an ageing population is essential for the City of
Kosciusko.
600
400
200
0
2000
2010
Source: United States Census Bureau Decenial Census
10 | P a g e
DRAFT
Composition by Sex
Table 2.11 indicates that Kosciusko is comprised of a larger
percentage of females, than Attala County and the State. Kosciusko
saw a slight increase for both female and male residents. The number
of female residents increased by 27 while the number of male
residents only increased by 3. Typically having a greater percentage
of females than males would mean there are more children born in
the community. As the Natural Decrease and Migration Study above
shows, births are not occurring a rate that keeps the population from
naturally decreasing due to deaths.
college Kosciusko performs better than both the State and Attala
County.
23.8% of Kosciusko’s residents have attended some college. This is
2% and 4% higher than the State and Attala County, respectively.
7.3% of Kosciusko’s residents have an associate’s degree and that
falls pretty well with the percentages at the State and County level.
Kosciusko has larger percentage of bachelor’s and graduate degree
holders than both the State and Attala County. 15.8% of Kosciusko’s
residents have bachelor’s degree while 7.6% have a graduate degree.
The concentration of bachelor’s and graduate degree recipients
Figure 2.11: Composition of Population by Sex, 2000-2010
Figure 2.12: Educational Attainment for Kosciusko, Attala County, and Mississippi for 2010
Educational Attainment
Kosciusko’s educational attainment is
a mixed bag when you compare it to
State of
20.4%
30.9%
21.7%
7.6%
12.6% 6.8%
the State and Attala County. When
Missisippi
comparing those with no diploma
Kosciusko’s 24.7% is more than the
State’s 20.4% but less than the
Attala County
28.1%
28.7%
19.9%
6.2% 10.9% 6.2%
county’s 28.1%. This means that more
residents of Kosciusko have at least a
High School diploma when compared
City of
to the surrounding county. However,
24.7%
20.9%
23.8%
7.3%
15.8%
7.6%
Kosciusko
Kosciusko’s has a smaller percentage
of high school graduates (20.9%) than
both the State (30.9%) and the County
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
(28.7%). When comparing the
No diploma
High School diploma
Some college
percentage of residents that went to
Source: U.S. Census American Community Survey 2006-2010
11 | P a g e
DRAFT
could be contributed by a specific industry highly prevalent in
Kosciusko. This possibility will be explored further when we look at
employment later in this chapter.
2000 and 2010. Four person households increased 0.8%, five
person households increased 17.0% and over five person
households increased 19.1% in the ten year period.
Housing Characteristics
Housing Occupancy
Over the past ten years, there was an increase in the overall number
of housing units. In 2010, the Census reported 3,169 housing units
within the City of Kosciusko. 11.1% of these units were vacant, which
is down from 36.2% vacant in 2000. The vacancy rate for owner
The Census Bureau documents numerous housing characteristics
that provides insight into the distribution of owner versus renter
occupied units, the vacancy rate of units, the types of units, the year
units were built, etc. While the residential land use analysis in
Chapter 3 presents general information regarding the types of units,
the Census information is more detailed.
Households and Families
occupied units has decreased very slightly since 2000, from
2.0% in 2000 to 1.9% in 2010. The vacancy rate for renter
occupied units has remained the same at 7.0%.
Both families and non-families households have seen a
reduction since 2000. Although, family households have only
decreased -1.9% versus -3.3% for non-family households.
Before we continue we will take a look at the census definitions
for a family and a household; this will give a better idea of what
the census data says. The United States Bureau of the Census
defines a household as follows, “A household consists of all the
people who occupy a housing unit.” A family is defined as
follows, “A family is a group of two people or more related by
birth, marriage, or adoption and residing together.” The
average household size for Kosciusko in 2000 was 2.43 and 2.51
in 2010, seeing a slight increase. The family size for Kosciusko
in 2010 was 3.04 and 3.15 in 2010, another slight increase.
One, two and three person households decreased in Kosciusko,
between 2000 and 2010. One person households decreased 3.04% between 2000 and 2010. Two person households
decreased -5.5% between 2000 and 2010. Three person
households decreased -7.6% over ten years. Four, five and over
fiver person households all increased in Kosciusko, between
Since 2000, the number of renter occupied units has increased
by six percentage points. Kosciusko now has 39.3% renter
occupied units and 60.7% owner occupied units. The
percentage of renter occupied units is above both the State and
Attala County percentages, 29% and 19% respectively. As
discussed in more detail below, there has actually been a
decrease in multi-family units. Therefore, this rise in renter
occupancy may be related to the recent economic downturn
and the rental of single family or manufactured homes.
12 | P a g e
Housing Unit Type and Age
The 2010 and the 2000 composition of residential units has
experienced some changes. The census estimates 80.6% of all
residential units are detached single family homes. Mobile homes, or
manufactured homes, represent 2.3% of the housing stock which is a
slight increase since 2000. Multi-family units account for 16.9% of all
housing units down from 19.5% in 2000. Multi-family structures are
where the most change has occurred since 2000. Multi-family
structures with 5 or more units now account for 3.4% of residential
units; this is down from 9% or about 180 units. Duplexes, triplexes
DRAFT
and quadplexes increased by about 142 units; or increases of 5.8%
for duplexes and 86.1% for triplexes and quadplexes.
Figure 2.13: Kosciusko 2010 Housing Unity Types
2.3% 0.2%
0.7%
3.5%
80.6%
16.9%
9.4%
become a greater percent of their income. The number of
homeowners that pay over 35% of their income toward their
mortgage has increased from 20.1% in 2000 to 31% in 2010.
Homeowners that pay from 30% to 34.9% of their income toward
their mortgage have increased from 3.9% in 2000 to 5.3% in 2010.
their mortgage have increased from 7.6% in 2000 to 18.4% in 2010.
their mortgage have decreased from 13% in 2000 to 7.3% in 2010.
Homeowners that pay less than 20% of their income toward their
mortgage have decreased from 55.3% in 2000 to 37.1% in 2010.
Since 2000 those residents that rent their residences have not fared
much better than homeowners. Renters have seen their rent, for the
3.4%
most part, remain the same percentage of their income. The number
of renters that pay over 35% of their income toward their rent has
increased from 29.7% in 2000 to 36.4% in 2010. Renters that pay
1-unit, detached
Mobile Home
Boat, RV, van, etc. 1-unit, attached
from 30% to 34.9% of their income toward their rent have decreased
2-unit
3 to 4 units
5 or more units
from 7.1% in 2000 to 6.4% in 2010. Renters that pay from 25% to
Source: 2006-2010 Ammerican Community Survey 5-Year Estimates
29.9% of their income toward their rent have increased from 10.3%
in 2000 to 16.8% in 2010. Renters that pay from 20% to 24.9% of their
Economic Analysis
income toward their rent has remained the same at about 14.4%.
Income Characteristics
Renters that pay less than 20% of their income toward their rent have
According to the American Community 5-year Estimates, 24.9% of
decreased from 38.6% in 2000 to 25.9% in 2010.
the families and 27.8% of all people in Kosciusko are living below the
Employment Base
poverty level in 2010. This means that a family of three (Kosciusko’s
The city of Kosciusko’s labor force (those over 16 years of age and
average family size is 3.04) lives on less than $18,310 a year. The
below retirement age) has decreased -4.9%, from 2000 to 2010. In
median income for 2010 is $26,109. Approximately, one-third of
2000, In 2000, 46.4% of those over 16 years of age are in the labor
households have an income over $50,000.
force, while in 2010 only 61.1% are in the labor force. Kosciusko has
The following statistics represent the percentage of income
seen its unemployment increase from 7.2%, in 2000, to 17.4%, in
homeowners, or renters, spend on monthly housing costs. A
2010. Attala County’s unemployment is 12.3%, in 2010, so Kosciusko
generally accepted standard is those that spend more than 30% of
has a considerably higher percentage of unemployed people.
their income on housing costs are cost-burdened. Since 2000 those
residents that own their residences have seen their mortgage
13 | P a g e
DRAFT
The three top employment industries for the City of Kosciusko’s labor
force are educational (27.7%), retail (17.8%), and manufacturing
(17.7%). These three industries were also the top employment
industries in 2000. Manufacturing employed the largest percentage
of employees in 2000. These industries made up 53.7% of Kosciusko’s
employment industries in 2000 and 63.2% in 2010.
2008, 2010 and 2012 did the city see a drop in retail sales and that
drop was always less than -2.2%. Over the ten years analyzed
Kosciusko’s gross retail sales increase on average 1.8%
The City of Kosciusko, like all incorporated areas, receives annual
diversions from sales tax purchases made in the city limits. About 1.8
million dollars every year comes from these diversions. Sales tax
The
Mississippi
Development
Figure 2.14: Kosciusko’s Annual Gross Retail Sales
Authority documents six leading
employers in the City of Kosciusko: BSP 2013
Filing Solutions with 140 employees,
Mitchell Metal Products with 110 2012
employees, Cheek Companies with
105 employees, Atheltix, Inc. with 100 2011
employees, Fargo Industries of
2010
Mississippi, LLC with 100 employees,
and Ivey Mechanical Company, LLC 2009
with 100 employees.
2008
Retail Sales
The Mississippi Department of 2007
Revenue tracks all retail sales for
counties and cities. The chart below 2006
represents the gross retail sales for the 2005
City of Kosciusko and the gross retail
sales outside of Kosciusko (other 2004
towns in Attala County and
unincorporated Attala County). This 2003
chart illustrates the importance of the
$0
$50,000,000
economy and business in the City of
Kosciusko. Since 2003, Kosciusko
accounts for 74.6% to 85.6% of the
gross retail sales in Attala County. Kosciusko also makes 60.8% to
63.7% of the total retail establishments in the County. Since 2003, the
city has experienced a general increase in gross retail sales. Only in
$100,000,000
$150,000,000
$200,000,000
Kosciusko
Outside of Kosciusko
$250,000,000
Source: Mississippi Department of Revenue
diversions were at the lowest in 2003 ($1.7 million). In 2009, the City
experienced a peak in sales tax diversions ($2.0 million). With the
downturn in the economy, these sales tax diversions decreased
14 | P a g e
DRAFT
between 2009 and 2010. However, since 2011 sales tax diversions
increased, on average, by 0.9%.
Figure 2.15: Kosciusko Sales Tax Diversion
$2,050,000
$2,000,000
$1,950,000
$1,900,000
$1,850,000
$1,800,000
$1,750,000
$1,700,000
$1,650,000
$1,600,000
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
Source: Mississippi Department of Revenue
15 | P a g e
DRAFT
Chapter Three: Goals,
Recommendations
Objectives
and
Policy
these fringe areas have a large impact on the perception of their city
and are not regulated by said city. These fringe residents also take
advantage of the city’s streets and even utilities without paying city
taxes.
This is an important portion of the Comprehensive Plan in order to
identify a variety of future goals for residential, commercial and
industrial development; parks and recreation; transportation
improvements; and schools and other community facilities.
Information within this Chapter was gathered from one-on-one
meetings with City Aldermen and City departments as well as from a
public meeting including a wide range of community representatives
and city residents.
Visual Perception and Image Goals
Goal 1: Create, promote and protect a community image unique to
and supportive of the City of Kosciusko’s assets.
The City of Kosciusko is thinking progressively in terms of their future
whether its land development, population growth, resident
amenities, or public safety. City leadership and residents have direct
concern for quality of life and how their actions today affect the
future of their home and their children’s home. Every comment,
concern, or goal expressed throughout this process was based on the
desire to change today’s actions in order to better the City of
Kosciusko. This Chapter further documents each of these desires in
detail.
Objective 1b: Adopt and enforce land use controls that protect
and promote Kosciusko character.
Introduction
Visual Perception and Image
Overall Visual Perception and Image Findings
The visual perception of a community varies depending on status of
resident versus visitor. A visitor’s perception greatly influences
future trips to and investments in the community. A perception
begins not within the heart of the city or center of development or
core of activity. It begins before one approaches any of these
locations; it can begin on the highways in the county well before one
reached the city. It is for that reason that this plan recommends the
city conduct an annexation study of the city’s fridge areas. Many of
Objective 1a: Welcome citizens and visitors by creating attractive
gateways into town along major corridors.
Objective 1a: Establish a sense of arrival along the interchanges
of the major thoroughfares in the City.
Objective 1c: Conduct an annexation study of fringe areas and
consider annexing them into the city for land use control
measures.
Objective 1d: Work with and provide assistance to the necessary
parties to maintain the major thoroughfares in a neat and
clean manner.
Goal 2: Create and promote a community image unique to and
supportive of Kosciusko’s assets through adoption of proper
ordinances and regulations.
Objective 2a: Adopt a new zoning ordinance and parcel based
Official Zoning Map.
Objective 2b: Adopt an updated Subdivision Regulations.
Objective 2c: Continue to adopt updated Construction, Building
and Fire Codes, including a property maintenance code.
Objective 2d: Adopt a new sign ordinance that works hand and
hand with the zoning code.
16 | P a g e
DRAFT
Objective 2e: Adopt Architectural Design Standards.
Objective 2g: Adopt a Landscaping Ordinance.
Land Use and Development
Overall Land Use Findings
Overall Kosciusko’s housing stock is well maintained and could
continue to be well maintained into the future. The city aggressively
enforces its current codes and requires repairs or demolished
dilapidated structures. This policy should continue along with a strict
enforcement of a zoning and other proper land use control
ordinances. However, the current ordinance does have room for
improvements as the Central Business offers opportunities to have
mixed uses with first floor retail or office space and upper floor office
or residences.
Kosciusko has the commercial entities to supply its citizens with
necessities without requiring trips to other municipalities. The city
could stand to have some additional commercial offerings. The Parks
and Recreation offering along with the Natchez Trace Parkway draw
tourist to the city. The city could attract more restaurant offering
with the simple step of offering the sale of wine and liquor. It is the
opinion of the consultant that Kosciusko should consider legalizing
the sale of wine and liquor. Doing so will provide the city with the
best opportunity to attract new hotels and restaurants and capitalize
on untapped economic opportunities. In turn these new economic
opportunities could attract new residents and/or new festivals and
tournaments. New residents mean new employers and investment in
the local community and ultimately new revenues to improve city
services.
Industrial land uses in the city are lacking at the least. The MidMississippi Eco Park has seen no permeant industrial develop due to
issues with the infrastructure to the site and perhaps the limitation
unfortunately placed on it by its name. Rebranding the industrial park
with a simple name change or a change in the type of jobs that the
Park seeks to house is needed.
Residential Goals
Goal 1: Promote an environment that provides the citizens of
Kosciusko with affordable, attractive and sustainable housing.
Objective 1a: Adopt and enforce a Minimum Rental Standards
Ordinance.
Objective 1b: Identify infill parcels and tracts of land suitable for
development as single family rental homes.
Objective 1c: Research and consider offering incentive packages
to attract quality apartments and single family housing with
amenities.
Objective 1d: Continue to adopt and enforce updated the latest
building codes
Objective 1e: Adopt and enforce proper zoning ordinance.
Objective 1f: Adopt and enforce proper subdivision regulations.
Goal 2: Provide a mix of housing units that are safe, affordable, and
reflective of the community’s traditional, historic character.
Objective 2a: Encourage reuse of commercial buildings on the
Courthouse Square to allow for first floor retail and office
uses and upper floors for office and apartment or
condominium uses.
Objective 2b: Remove dilapidated uninhabited housing units.
Objective 2c: Explore the demand for the development of multifamily, zero-lot line and patio housing that addresses the
needs of senior citizens.
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Objective 2d: Investigate the feasibility of creating a recreation
vehicle (RV) park for the traveling public, recreationalists,
and tourists.
Objective 1i: Conduct a market study to determine the best way
to expand and enrich the business fabric of downtown and
all of Kosciusko.
Objective 2e: Identify infill parcels and tracts of land suitable for
development as single family rental homes.
Industrial Goals
Goal 1: Promote an environment that provides Kosciusko with an
array (different types, sizes and pay scales) of industrial uses.
Commercial Goals
Goal 1: Promote an environment that provides Kosciusko with the
best possible commercial opportunities.
Objective 1a: Adopt and enforce architectural design standards
for commercial establishments.
Objective 1b: Offer incentives to place businesses in the central
business district.
Objective 1c: Setup and offer façade grant program to incentivize
improvements in the central business district.
Objective 1d: Identify gaps in retail offerings.
Objective 1a: Work with Attala County and Kosciusko-Attala
Development Corporation to list available industrial buildings
and land on both County and City websites.
Objective 1b: Work with Attala County and Kosciusko-Attala
Development Corporation to attract industry to MidMississippi Eco Park or new industrial park near Kosciusko.
Objective 1c: Explore rebranding Mid-Mississippi Eco Park
through a name change and expansion of uses to include
both industrial and business park activities.
Objective 1e: Market and, if needed, offer incentives to retailer
that will fill the retail gaps that are identified.
Objective 1d: Work with Attala County and Kosciusko-Attala
Development Corporation to expand Kosciusko-Attala
County Industrial Park.
Objective 1f: Promote the establishment of regular business
hours within the downtown and strive to ensure that
businesses remain open during key evening and weekend
events.
Objective 1e: Explore offering incentive packages to industrial
and businesses that exceed the current state minimum for
incentives. (i.e. site prep, infrastructure, building, ex cetera)
Objective 1g: Study and consider adopting (if the study
recommends) the sale of liquor and wine within the
Corporate Limits of Kosciusko.
Objective 1h: Investigate the types of commercial opportunities
that could be supported by tourist coming to Kosciusko and
traveling the Natchez Trace Parkway.
Historic Preservation
Goal 1: Promote an environment that protects Kosciusko’s Historic
District and Properties.
Objective 1a: Continue and enhance historic preservation efforts
in downtown.
Objective 1b: Investigate the feasibility of reducing the current
size of the historic district to protect the courthouse square
as well as the original core of Kosciusko.
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Objective 1c: Promote the rehabilitation and restoration of
properties in the historic district.
Economic Development
Overall Economic Development Findings
In an economy that has continued to struggle since the “Great
Recession” of 2007. Kosciusko has managed to continue to move in a
positive direction even with its lack of a four lane transportation
option and with its largest employer M & F Bank merging with
Renasant Bank and leaving the city. Moving forward the city should
take a more regional economic development approach. While more
and more citizens may have to commute for employment they
ultimately bring their incomes home to spend. Creating an economic
development engine much like the Golden Triangle Development
Link would benefit both Kosciusko and Attala County, as well as,
counties and communities beyond.
However, economic development is not just about business and
industrial park settings. Commercial businesses are also a big part of
economic development. Working with a retail development specialist
could give the city an idea of potential commercial residents.
Studying and possibly adopting the sale of wine and liquor could also
attract new restaurants and hotels to help support Kosciusko sports
tournaments.
Economic Development Goals
Goal 1: Strengthen and grow the local economy, creating broadbased economic opportunity and prosperity through job creation
related to Kosciusko’s abundant built and natural resources.
Objective 1b: Study and consider adopting (if the study
recommends) the sale of liquor and wine within the
Corporate Limits of Kosciusko.
Objective 1c: Work with a retail specialist to target new retail
selection for the city.
Goal 2: Identify and address the needs of tourists in Kosciusko and
the visitors traveling along the Natchez Trace Parkway.
Objective 2a: Investigate the feasibility of creating a recreation
vehicle (RV) park for the traveling public, recreationalists,
and tourists.
Objective 2b: Investigate the types of commercial opportunities
that could be supported by tourists coming to Kosciusko and
traveling the Natchez Trace Parkway.
Objective 2c: Install attractive wayfinding signage to direct
tourist to points of interest downtown and within the
community.
Objective 2d: Install attractive signage identifying the Historic
District and other points of interest.
Goal 3: Promote a collaborative environment with neighboring
counties to attract jobs to the region.
Objective 3a: Work with surrounding counties to establish a
regional economic development council to attract employers
to all communities involved.
Transportation
Objective 1a: Ensure that industrial sites have the needed
infrastructure (roads, water, sewer, electric, natural gas, etc.)
to function in an industrial or business park capacity.
Overall Transportation Findings
Despite Kosciusko’s lack of four lane access, the city has been able to
make improvements in citizens’ quality of life. The transportation
network is not just a way to move from place to place but also a driver
in the future land use and prowess of industry in Kosciusko. Linking
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the City to Interstate 55 via four lane access will affect the City’s
ability to attract future industry. In today’s global economy getting
goods quickly from the manufacturer to market is a must whether
that market is in Jackson, Mississippi, or Yokohama, Japan.
Transportation Goals
Goal 1: Maintain City roads to the highest standard possible to
adequately serve residents.
Objective 1a: Work with Mississippi Department of
Transportation and the State Legislature to provide
Kosciusko with four lane access.
Objective 1b: Work with Mississippi Department of
Transportation and the State Legislature to four lane either
Mississippi Highway 12 or 35.
Community Facilities and Services
Overall Community Facilities and Service Findings
Overall the City’s facilities are in good shape. Kosciusko’s City Hall is
one of the best facilities in the state and should be usable well
beyond the timeframe of this plan. That being said some facilities are
in need of improvement over the timeframe of this plan. The Police
Department is in need of increased space that can be solved by
relocating E-911 services. The Streets Department and Animal
Control could both use new facilities in the immediate future. The
Fire Departments relatively new facility will serve them well for years
to come.
City Administration Goals
Goal 1: Continue to provide for residents of Kosciusko at the highest
service level possible.
Objective 1a: Annually assess all City administration facilities to
determine if growth or expansion is needed.
Objective 1b: Annually assess all City administration equipment
to determine if improvements, repairs or replacements are
needed.
City Courts Goals
Goal 1: Provide and serve Kosciusko with quick and efficient court
services.
Objective 1a: Update phone system to include caller id and ability
to transfer calls.
Objective 1b: Add additional phone line to improve court’s ability
to communicate with attorneys, citizens and judges.
Cemetery Department Goals
Goal 1: Provide the proper maintenance required for the perpetual
care of city cemeteries.
Objective 1a: Plan for the future expansion of the city cemetery
by hiring a Landscape Architect to layout cemetery
expansion.
Objective 1b: Add two additional workers to ensure proper
maintenance of the new cemetery.
Objective 1c: Annually assess all City cemetery personnel and
equipment to determine if improvements, repairs or
replacements are needed.
Code Enforcement/Building Inspection Department Goals
Goal 1: Provide and serve Kosciusko with the highest level of public
safety through effective enforcement and replacement of the
proper city ordinances, codes and regulations.
Objective 1a: Continually update the city’s building, construction
and fire codes.
Objective 1b: Strictly enforce the city’s development ordinances,
codes and regulations.
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Objective 1c: Update the city’s zoning ordinance and the official
zoning map and ensure that the sign ordinance and zoning
ordinance work together.
Objective 1d: Update the city’s sign ordinance and ensure that
the sign ordinance and zoning ordinance work together.
Objective 1e: Update the city’s subdivision regulation to ensure
it requires the developer to improve infrastructure to future
anticipated levels.
Objective 1f: Purchase codes software and laptop for mobile and
office documentation of code violations.
Fire Department Goals
fire protection as possible.
Objective 1a: Support and encourage citizen involvement and
service through the volunteer fire department.
Objective 1b: Promote and encourage training and certification
for professional and volunteer fire fighters.
Objective 1c: Install a 100 foot radio tower at fire station to
ensure emergency communications throughout the city.
Objective 1d: Upgrade to digital radio system to ensure
emergency communications throughout the city.
Objective 1e: Conduct periodic, at least annually, assessments of
vehicles and equipment within the fire departments and the
need for upgrades or replacements.
Goal 2: Identify and plan for upgrades or replacements of vehicles
and equipment within the fire department.
Objective 2a: Conduct periodic, at least annually, assessments of
vehicles and equipment within the fire departments and the
need for upgrades or replacements.
Objective 2b: Plan for replacement of Spartan Custom Pumper in
2018.
Objective 2c: Plan for replacement of E-One Custom Pumper in
2021.
Objective 2d: Plan for replacement of Pierce Custom Pumper in
2033.
Goal 3: Work with the Mississippi State Rating Bureau to lower the
city’s fire rating from a Class 6 to a Class 5.
Objective 3a: Strengthen the water distribution system so that at
least 3,500 gpm would be available in commercial areas at a
residual pressure of twenty pounds and at least 100 gpm
would be available in residential areas at a residual pressure
of twenty pounds.
Objective 3b: Begin and maintain an annual inspection and
operation program of all gate valves in the water distribution
system.
Objective 3c: Provide fire hydrants where spacing is excessive.
Objective 3d: Provide auxiliary engines, such as gasoline, diesel,
propane or natural gas powered, on enough pumps so that
you would maintain a pumping capacity at least equal to the
maximum daily water consumption rate.
Objective 3d: Increase the on-duty fire department personnel so
that there would be a minimum of five firefighters on duty at
all time. Maintain an average response of twelve to fourteen
well trained volunteers to structure fires inside the city.
Objective 3d: Continue to improve and maintain a vigorous
training program for all firefighters. All volunteer firefighters
should complete the volunteer certification class offered by
the State Fire Academy.
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Objective 3d: Adopt and provide for the strict enforcement of a
modern Building Code, Gas Code, Mechanical Code, Electrical
Code, and Fire Prevention Code.
Parks, Open Space and Recreation Goals
Goal 1: Encourage citywide recreational activities through the
expansion of services.
Kosciusko Light and Water Goals
Goal 1: Provide and serve Kosciusko with the highest level of safe
potable water possible.
Objective 1a: Hire a park coordinator to work with sports leagues
and attract tournament sports to the City.
Objective 1b: Add adult sports to the city’s recreational offerings.
Objective 1a: Ensure that the town has sufficient water capacity
to allow the development of higher density housing, hotels,
and restaurants.
Objective 1c: Add four ball fields to Hugh Ellard Park.
Objective 1b: Develop and maintain a water master plan that
forecasts needs and details a conceptual network of
infrastructure for the next twenty years to twenty-five years.
Objective 1e: Add an additional splash pad.
Objective 1c: Purchase and implement an Automated Metering
Infrastructure for reading water and electric meters.
Objective 1d: Replace undersized lines in Mid-Mississippi Eco
Park area.
Objective 1e: Rebuild Water Well #6’s pump.
Objective 1f: Rebuild Water Well #8’s pump.
Objective 1g: Add a water treatment plant at the Highway 19
Water Tank.
Objective 1h: Add a water tank to Southwestern Kosciusko.
Objective 1i: Add a water well at the Highway 19 Water Tank.
Objective 1j: Hire an architect to produce a plan and cost
estimate for a remodel or expansion of Kosciusko Light and
Water building.
Objective 1k: Remodel or build a building that meets the needs
of Kosciusko Light and Water.
Objective 1d: Add a pavilion at site of old city pool.
Objective 1f: Add a disc golf course to city recreation offerings.
Objective 1g: Add recreational vehicle hookups to Hugh Ellard
Park.
Objective 1h: Explore creating a multi-use trail in the city.
Objective 1i: Replace playground equipment as necessary.
Objective 1j: Annually assess all City parks personnel and
equipment to determine if improvements, repairs or
replacements are needed.
Police Department Goals
police protection as possible.
Objective 1a: Conduct an annual assessment of personnel within
the Police Department and the need for additional man
power. Increase officer manpower based on a proportional
increase of the City’s population.
Objective 1b: Provide additional floor space for police services.
Objective 1c: Add two additional officers dedicated to drug
enforcement operations.
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Objective 1d: Upgrade computer system to current operating
platform.
Objective 1e: Perform routine maintenance to keep patrol cars
in proper working order and replace, as necessary.
Objective 1e: Purchase new patrol cars and keeping older cars
properly serviced to maintain a ratio of one patrolman per
patrol car. This will allow officers to take patrol cars home,
increasing police presence in Kosciusko’s neighborhoods.
Objective 1f: Promote and encourage regular officer training and
certifications.
Objective 1g: Seek state, federal, and private grant mechanisms
to help fund various training, equipment, or facility needs.
Objective 1h: Add a phone operator to the police station to
handle incoming non-emergency police phone calls.
Goal 2: Identify and plan for upgrades or replacements of vehicles
and equipment within the police department.
Objective 2a: Conduct periodic, at least annually, assessments of
vehicles and equipment within the police departments and
the need for upgrades or replacements.
Objective 2b: Purchase one new patrol car over the next six years
with the goal of assigning each patrol officer their own patrol
car.
Objective 2c: Purchase new or replacement weapons and
protective gear as needed to provide the officers with the
best protection possible.
Objective 2d: Upgrade the Kosciusko Police Department station
surveillance system to ensure the safety of those in the
station.
Public Education Goals
Goal 1: Support the Kosciusko school system in all ways that best
serves the citizens of Kosciusko.
Objective 1a: Encourage the school system to produce a strategic
plan to address their need for additional space and
technology.
Objective 1b: Continue to be proactive in discussing classroom
practices with parents to improve students’ learning
opportunities at school and home.
Objective 1c: Continue to provide teachers with training and
information on most current teaching methods and
resources.
Objective 1d: Explore alternative funding options to continue to
provide students and teachers with the most important and
relevant technology.
Objective 1e: Work with school board to ensure all future
facilities are located in Kosciusko or within proximity of the
city limits.
Public Works Goals
Objective 1a: Hire an architect to prepare plans for the
remodeling of the public works building or the construction
of a new facility.
Objective 1b: Annually assess all city public works facilities to
Objective 1c: Annually assess all city public works equipment to
determine if improvements, repairs or replacements are
needed.
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Solid Waste/Sanitation Goals
Objective 1a: Conduct a study to determine the feasibility for the
merging of the City’s Wastewater department into Kosciusko
Light and Water.
Objective 1a: Annually assess all city solid waste facilities to
Objective 1b: Develop and maintain a sewer master plan that
forecasts needs and details a conceptual network of
infrastructure for the next twenty years to twenty-five years.
Objective 1b: Annually assess all city solid waste equipment to
determine if improvements, repairs or replacements are
needed.
Streets Department Goals
Goal 1: Maintain city roads to the highest standard possible to
adequately serve residents.
Objective 1c: Replace the 14” collector line along Dye Ditch.
Objective 1d: Replace the sewer line along Knox Road.
Objective 1e: Replace lift station east of Natchez Trace.
Objective 1f: Replace Vac Truck in 2019.
Objective 1a: Establish a routine maintenance cycle (fifteen
years) for all roadway improvements such as resurfacing,
striping, etc.
Objective 1g: Replace Backhoe in 2017-2018.
Objective 1b: Repave, with asphalt, Gilliland Street to resolve
concrete road issues.
Objective 1i: Provide for the rehab of sewer lines as needed.
Objective 1c: Improve drainage and widen Knox Road to improve
access to businesses and houses.
Objective 1d: Hire an engineer to perform an analysis of the
Madison Street flooding issue, including a solution and cost
estimate.
Objective 1h: Provide for the normal maintenance and rebuilding
of lift stations.
Other Community Facilities and Services Goals
Goal 1: Create a community facility using Strand Theater.
Objective 1a: Identify sub-communities of Kosciusko that would
support community uses of the Strand Theater
opportunities.
Objective 1e: Repair, maintain and expand the city’s current
network of sidewalks.
Objective 1b: Identify the community facilities that would fit the
existing layout of Strand Theater (e.g. museum, playhouse,
et cetera).
Objective 1f: Mark bicycle routes and provide bicycle
infrastructure where feasible.
Objective 1b: Identify funding sources to make any necessary
upgrades and modifications to create the community facility.
Wastewater Department Goals
Goal 1: Provide and serve Kosciusko with the highest level of waste
water disposal possible.
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Plan Implementation Goals
Overall Plan Implementation Goals
Goal 1: Create a forum in which the city receives comment and
feedback regarding the implications of this plan.
Objective 1a: Following the adoption of this plan, the city will
establish a means by which the effectiveness and
implementation of this plan is measured. This task may be
accomplished by the planning commission or some other
established committee.
Objective 1b: The City of Kosciusko will utilize this plan as a guide
when making land use and development decisions.
Goal 2: Facilitate future revisions and updates to this comprehensive
plan as needed and increase the comprehensiveness of this plan,
as activity in Kosciusko increases.
Objective 2a: Kosciusko should implement a permitting system
to enable the tracking and quantifying of development
activity. This system should not only be for the purpose of
determining compliance with regulations, but also to gather
statistical information regarding development activity.
Goal 3: Create a five year Capital Improvements Program that
identifies capital projects and equipment purchase, provides a
planning schedule and identifies options for financing.
Objective 3a: Once implemented Kosciusko should update the
Capital Improvements Program yearly moving projects based
on available finances.
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Chapter Four: Existing Conditions and Constraints
Existing Land Use Categories and Inventory
Taking inventory of all existing land uses and potential land
constraints is an important step in the planning process and directly
relates to the future development of the City of Kosciusko. Further
analysis of this inventory will identify growth patterns and
opportunities and constraints which will form the basis for a future
land use plan for the city. This chapter addresses the City of Kosciusko
as well as a planning area outside the city.
The existing land uses determined during the windshield survey are
divided into residential, commercial, industrial, public & semi-public,
and vacant categories. Along with determining the land use in the
City of Kosciusko and the planning area, this survey offers a detailed
analysis of how the land uses are distributed in the City of Kosciusko.
Unfortunately without parcel data the same analysis is not available
in the planning area but the provided map does show where the land
uses are located in the planning area.
An inventory of land uses was gathered through a windshield survey
conducted in March of 2015. City parcel data was not available, from
the county in a Geography Information System (GIS) format. This
required an additional step in the process of gathering existing land
use information. This additional step required gathering paper tax
maps, scanning those maps and finally digitizing those maps into a
GIS database. After that the windshield survey was conducted and
the survey information was entered into a GIS database. Collecting
data, in Kosciusko by parcel allows further analysis opportunities to
study land use patterns by acreage and comparable percentages.
A survey of land uses in the comprehensive planning area was
conducted via an alternative method to the areas within the City of
Kosciusko. Google Maps, Google Street View, and Imagery from the
2012 National Agricultural Imagery Program were used to map the
land use and the development in the planning area. Instead of
calculation the land use pattern by acreage, this method calculates it
by the number of individual structures dedicated to specific land
uses, which are represented on the map by dots, in the area.
Residential Land Use
The City of Kosciusko and the planning area is composed of four main
types of residential uses: single family, duplex, multi-family, duplex
and manufactured/mobile homes. Single family homes are the most
prevalent residential land use in Kosciusko and the planning area.
24.5% of Kosciusko’s land is single family residential and 66.6% of the
structures in the planning area are single family homes. Multi-family
dwelling are the second most popular land use in Kosciusko, making
up 1.2% or 55.4 acres of land in the city. However, only one multifamily dwelling unit exists in the planning area. Kosciusko currently
has 7.04 acres of duplexes but zero duplexes in the planning area.
Manufactured/mobile homes make up 23.9 acres of land inside the
corporate limits of Kosciusko. In the Planning Area
manufactured/mobile homes are 17.9% of the structures, making
them more prevalent outside of the corporate limits.
In addition to existing land uses, development constraints are also
associated to future development. A number of constraints are
documented and discussed within this chapter in order to provide a
true picture of the development potential of the vacant land.
This land use survey also identified types of residential units in
addition to the distribution of land. 97.7% of all residential units in
Kosciusko are single family homes. Duplexes make up 0.8%, multifamily make up 0.6% and manufactured/mobile homes make up 0.9%
of the residential units in Kosciusko. These calculations may vary from
the 2010 Census information presented in Chapter 1 due to survey
methods. The comprehensive planning are is 79% single family units,
0.1% multi-family and 21% manufactured/mobile homes.
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Commercial Land Use
Commercial establishments are considered to be those that operate
privately, for profit and provide merchandise or services. Examples
include banks, restaurants, medical offices, law offices and insurance
offices. 7.9% of Kosciusko is composed of commercial land uses. Most
of the commercial land uses in Kosciusko are concentrated around
the Square and along Mississippi Highway’s 12 and 35. Some
commercial uses are scattered throughout the residential portions of
the city and serve the communities that surround them. Commercial
uses in the planning area are typically located on the major
thoroughfares.
Industrial Land Use
Industrial land uses in Kosciusko are few
and scattered throughout the city. The
industrial uses include manufacturing and
salvage/scrap yards. The Mid-Mississippi
Eco Park is a city-owned industrial park that
is currently vacant, both Chapters 2 and 7
address issues surrounding said industrial
park. Kosciusko-Attala County Industrial
Park is located just north of the city off of
Mississippi Highway 43. Another industrial
area exists just east of the city on
Mississippi Highway 12. Industrial uses only
account for 2% of uses in the City and 3.6%
of the structures in the Planning Area.
Figure 4. 1: Land Use Analysis
Public/Semi-public Land Use
Public and semi-public land uses make up
8.5% of the land in the City of Kosciusko.
Public and semi-public land uses include
government facilities, parks and recreation,
churches, cemeteries, private clubs,
schools and, utilities. The City of Kosciusko
Vacant
and Attala County government facilities make up 0.3% of the city’s
lands uses. Approximately 133 acres of Kosciusko’s land is dedicated
to churches, cemetery or institutional uses. Approximately 94 acres
is dedicated to parks and recreational uses.
Vacant Land Use
Vacant land indicates any property that is undeveloped or being used
for agricultural purposes. Most of the vacant land in Kosciusko is on
the city’s fringe within the planning area. However, some opportunity
does exist for infill development in the neighborhoods of the City.
44.5% of Kosciusko’s land falls into the vacant category.
Land Use Category - City of Kosciusko
Residential
Acres
Percent
of Total
Land Use Category - Planning Area
Count
Percent
of Total
928
731
196
0
1
84.6%
66.6%
17.9%
0.0%
0.1%
1,261.82
Single Family 1,175.42
Manufactured Home
23.92
Duplex
7.04
Multi-family
55.44
26.3%
24.5%
0.5%
0.1%
1.2%
Residential
380.82
7.9%
Commercial
75
6.8%
95.51
2.0%
Industrial
39
3.6%
408.05
133.58
15.46
165.43
93.58
8.5%
2.8%
0.3%
3.5%
2.0%
Public/Semi-public
Church/Cemetery/Institutional
Governmental
Public/Semi-public
Recreational
55
39
0
14
2
5.0%
3.6%
0.0%
1.3%
0.2%
2,132.47
44.5%
Vacant
0
0.0%
6.90
0.1%
Accessory Land or Parking
0
0.0%
Total City parcel Acreage 4,285.56
Total City ROW Acreage
508.38
89.4%
10.6%
Commercial
Industrial
Public/Semi-public
Governmental
Public/Semi-public
Recreational
Single Family
Manufactured Home
Duplex
Multi-family
Total Planning Area Land Use
1097
Total City Acreage 4793.94
Source: Slaughter & Associates Field Survey and Calculations
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Rd
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Su
p
Knox Rd
Park Ln
Hwy
inf
12
Dr
Parks and Recreation
Bu
r
29
2nd Ave
15
Renfroe Rd
W
V
U
12
d
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V
U
12
By
30
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y
Na
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KOSCIUSKO
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Al
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16
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11
Black Jack Rd
County Rd 3034 Rd
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Industrial
30th
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Galloway Dr
St
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Ap o
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Mobile or Manufactured Home
Cl
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Tu
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R
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Multi-Family
4
Rd
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St
20
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Duplex
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19
ve
24
Single Family
Hw Carter
Ha
Yo
u
W
W
2
y1
N Wells St
Existing Land Use
W North St
Elm St
Maple St
W Adams St
Golf Course Rd
Parkway Dr
Planning Area
N Natch
Kosciusko
4th Ave
Si
m
Allen S
t
Rd
Irv in g
St
N Madison St
17
ck
S Natchez St
18
13
Section
Fe
nw
i
Black Jack Rd
n St
N Jackso
k St
!
! Gas Pipelines
Fe nw
ic
10
57
Bran tle y St
Weatherly St
Tipton St
19
9
Old Vaiden Rd
V
U
Green R
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Cr
30
Cr k
8
7
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Rd
Hu rr
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28
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T 14 N
T 13 N
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R7E
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35
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Source(s): City of Kosciusko; Mississippi Automated;
t
6
19
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T 14 N
T 13 N
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34
33
Williamsville Rd
Trinity Rd
32
!
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31
36
r Rd
R
er
1.5
Miles
Con ne
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Ce
Public or Semi-Public
!!
!
Governmental
0 0.375 0.75
d
35
12
Vacant
35
34
33
R
V
U
Existing Land Use
Instuitional or Church
s
nk Rd
Sk ate Ri
Attala Rd
6
1
Commercial
de
r
R7E
R8E
Sa
n
ne
Cr k
Little Apookta
Apookta Crk
Map 4.1
!
32
31
ica
Springdale Rd
Atta
la
36
R6E
R7E
02 4
rr
City of Kosciusko
Rd 3
Hu
Atta
la
9
35
U
V
R7E
Tra
ce
Rd
8
7
10
Munson Crk
City of Kosciusko
T 14 N
Old
C
0
r3
St
ez
tch
Na
e
ra
zT
ce
Smythe St
t
nS
effe
rso
EJ
Shields Rd
Old Ethel Rd
t
eC
c
Tra
wy
Hamilton Rd
Pk
22
zT
ra
wy
Pk
ce
Tr
a
ez
M
Na
tch
r
lD
Rd
South St
Shady Oak Dr
Pin ec re
st Dr
or
ia
x
Kn o
Dr
35
V
U
Pe
ca n
Wa
B lv
lnu
d
tG
rov
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d
E South St
em
12 E
ce
Nash St
S East St
Highla nd Dr
ns
er
a
!
tch
Na
n
ee
College St
c
Yo
!
!
!
!
r Rd
!
Co14
T
n ne N
!
R7E
r
erg
Ev
Ve
t
28
St
Valley Rd
Redwing Ave
Linden Dr
Wren St
so n
Hwy
Na
tc
he
Bell St
Moore St
Carls Ln
Aldy St
r
effe
Yates St
Tipton St
Allen St
E South St
Woodland Dr
Fairground Rd
F St
Presley St
St
Bran tle y
N
t
Mitc h
e ll S
E St
Stewart St
N Huntington St
N Madison St
N Wells St
Boswell St
Dr
Taylor St
Gilliland St
Potts St
Bryan St
Weatherly St
rs
on
ffe
Je
Clark Rd
W
!
!
!
!
By w
ay R
d
Myers Rd
!
!
o St
St
Bo b Bo yd
EJ
!
Dr
21
Sailor St
Love Rd
ge
E Adams St
t
nS
g to
tin
un
rita
43
U
V
Rays Aly
Park Ln
Fairground St
E Adams St
SH
29 He
Lucas St
Afro Dr
30
Rd
Burdine Rd
0.8
Miles
By-Way
W South St
KOSCIUSKO
Smithson St
Turner St
itch
St
Public or Semi-Public
0.4
eD
ip
Governmental
Thornton St
Crawford St
l
Tu
0.2
Dy
St
Industrial
0
St
r
Oak
Instuitional or Church
Oakland St
Galloway Dr
S Wells St
D
Commercial
Knox Rd
Dr
res t
en
d
gR
na u
Ap o
W
12
U
V
Hwy 12 E
Lewis St
Pope St
W Jefferson St W Jefferson St
W Monroe St
Goodman St
S Natchez St
av
Mobile or Manufactured Home
Vacant
20
r
da
le
H
19
Multi-Family
D
le y
es
sk
ud
Renfroe Rd
Hillc
Cannonade St
W
Duplex
Carter St
Peele r St
Single Family
Maple St
W Adams St
2nd Ave
t Love St
iS
ls
Pi
Gl
en
Greenside Dr
Birdie Trl
Parkway Dr
Hw
Elm St
Hillview Ave
Thom as Cir
Vickers Dr
r
V
U
W
W North St
15
rD
io
er
Existing Land Use
2
y1
3rd Ave
Leon ard St
Kosciusko
12
Golf Course Rd
Rone St
Glendale Ave
Trace Ridg e
Fairway Ln
Section
4th Ave
16
p
Su
Irving Rd
Parcels
35
U
V
n St
N Jackso
Dr
Yorkshire St
Autumn Ridg e Dr
! Gas Pipelines
Old Vaiden Rd
17
18
!
od
wo
es t
Fe W
nw
ick
St
Peachtree St
Legend
19
U
V
Black Jack Rd
County Rd 3034 Rd
Black Jac k Rd
Blackjack Rd
Woodland St
Existing Land Use
Kosciusko Zoom
Fe nwick St
Green Rd
57
Map 4.2
o
no
ka
ka
n
27
iv
R
y
wy
Pk
35
U
V
19
U
V
29
DRAFT
Development Constraints and Restrictions
There are numerous constraints that may be of concern when
discussing the development potential of vacant land. Not all
constraints have the ability to be documented on a map or discussed
within this plan. Some constraints may be purely based on the effects
of human preferences or decision making. For the purpose of this
analysis, constraints to development are divided into locational
constraints and environmental constraints. It is important to note
that not all constraints are negative; they may be restrictive but have
a positive or beneficial outcome. The constraints discussed on the
following pages affect growth within and outside of the City of
Kosciusko; they also set parameters for identifying a comprehensive
planning area.
be obtained, if necessary. The purpose of the COA is to ensure future
construction and alterations maintain the architectural feel and
integrity of the district.
At the heart of the district is the Attala County Courthouse, built in
1897, and the historic Kosciusko Square. The historic district is
Figure 4. 2: House in Kosciusko's Historic District
Location Constraints
Location constraints consist of incorporated or unincorporated areas
that may have certain rules or regulations impacting future
development such as Indian Reservations or Historic Districts.
Historic District
The Kosciusko Historic District was originally established in May 2004
and has been expanded on three occasions. The Kosciusko Historic
District is also on the National Register of Historic Places that is
maintained by the Department of the Interior. Federal designation
has little to do with how the district is administered but it can yield
some financial incentives. Historic Districts are administered locally
by the Historic Preservation Commission.
Historic Districts present a constraint to the development of property
within them due to higher scrutiny placed on the included parcels. A
Certificate of Appropriateness (COA) needs to be obtained, along
with the required building permits, to construct, demolish or alter
any property within the historic district. The Historic Preservation
Commission hears all applications for COAs and makes a decision
base on each request and then the appropriate building permits can
composed of commercial, residential, semi-public and governmental
buildings. Most of the structures were built prior to 1960 but some
modern infill development has occurred in the area. Map 4.2
delineates the boundary of the Kosciusko Historic District making it
possible to identify the parcels included in the districts boundary. 917
parcels are included in the historic district, that accounts for 23.4% of
all the parcels in the City. The historic district contains a wide array
of architectural styles: Greek Revival, Queen Anne, Romanesque
Revival, Tudor Revival, Colonial Revival, Neoclassical, American
Foursquare, Craftsman, Minimal Traditional
30 | P a g e
9
35
U
V
R7E
Tra
ce
Rd
8
7
10
Munson Crk
City of Kosciusko
T 14 N
Old
C
0
r3
St
ez
Na
tch
28
e
ce
Smythe St
t
nS
effe
rso
Shields Rd
Pk
wy
Hamilton Rd
zT
ra
wy
Pk
ce
Tr
a
ez
M
Na
tch
r
lD
or
ia
t
eC
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Tra
South St
Shady Oak Dr
Pin ec re
st Dr
em
EJ
Old Ethel Rd
22
35
V
U
Pe
ca n
Wa
B lv
lnu
d
tG
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E South St
ns
er
a
!
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Na
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Rd
ce
Nash St
S East St
Highla nd Dr
x
Kn o
Dr
College St
c
Yo
!
!
!
!
r Rd
!
Co14
T
n ne N
!
R7E
n
ee
12 E
Na
tc
he
Bell St
Moore St
Linden Dr
Wren St
r
erg
Ev
Valley Rd
Redwing Ave
Woodland Dr
Fairground Rd
F St
Carls Ln
Aldy St
St
Ve
t
Tipton St
Dr
Allen St
E South St
Bryan St
so n
Yates St
Dr
Presley St
St
Bran tle y
Potts St
Love Rd
ge
N
t
Mitc h
e ll S
E St
Stewart St
N Huntington St
N Madison St
N Wells St
Boswell St
o St
St
Bo b Bo yd
Gilliland St
r
effe
!
rita
Sailor St
Weatherly St
Taylor St
!
!
!
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By w
ay R
d
Myers Rd
!
29 He
21
EJ
t
nS
g to
tin
un
Burdine Rd
!
W South St
E Adams St
SH
St
30
43
U
V
Rays Aly
Park Ln
Fairground St
E Adams St
Afro Dr
ip
0.8
Miles
S Wells St
St
rs
on
Clark Rd
W
itch
Je
ffe
eD
Crawford St
l
Tu
0.4
Thornton St
KOSCIUSKO
Lucas St
Turner St
Dy
St
0.2
Rd
Oakland St
Galloway Dr
S Natchez St
Cannonade St
r
Oak
0
By-Way
Lewis St
Pope St
W Monroe St
Goodman St
Gl
en
Greenside Dr
Parkway Dr
D
d
gR
na u
Ap o
W
r
sk
ud
Smithson St
Dr
res t
en
20
D
le y
es
Knox Rd
t Love St
iS
ls
Pi
12
U
V
Hwy 12 E
Hwy
Trace Ridg e
Carter St
2nd Ave
Renfroe Rd
Hillc
av
19
Maple St
W Adams St
Peele r St
H
Kosciusko
Elm St
Hillview Ave
Thom as Cir
Vickers Dr
r
Hw
W
Historic District
V
U
W
3rd Ave
15
rD
io
er
Parcels
2
y1
W North St
Glendale Ave
Leon ard St
Section
12
Golf Course Rd
Birdie Trl
Rone St
16
p
Su
Irving Rd
Gas Pipelines
Fairway Ln
!
4th Ave
n St
N Jackso
!
35
U
V
Yorkshire St
Autumn Ridg e Dr
Dr
da
le
17
18
Old Vaiden Rd
od
wo
es t
Fe W
nw
ick
St
Peachtree St
Legend
19
U
V
Black Jack Rd
County Rd 3034 Rd
Black Jac k Rd
Blackjack Rd
Woodland St
Kosciusko Historic
District
Fe nwick St
Green Rd
57
Map 4.3
o
no
ka
ka
n
27
iv
R
y
wy
Pk
35
U
V
19
U
V
31
DRAFT
and Ranch. This variation in architecture is the reason the district was
accepted to the National Register of Historic Places.
Environmental Constraints
Environmental constraints represent specific land qualities that
affect future building such as flood zones, steep slopes, wetlands, and
soil suitability for sewage disposal. These constraints will be
discussed in detail on the following pages along with maps displaying
each constraint.
Septic Tank Suitability
Kosciusko and the Planning Area as a whole primarily consists of soil
types where the use of septic tank absorption fields is unfavorable or
should be limited (Map 4.3). The soil survey produced NRCS (Natural
Resources Conservation Service) rates each soil type based on certain
characteristics that are needed for adequate performance of
alternative sewage disposal systems. Some limitations may be
overcome but can be costly. County Health Departments are typically
the entities that inspect and regulate the construction of absorption
fields. However, the best way to regulate sewage disposal is through
a centralized sewer system and the best way to overcome any future
constraints is to require a connection to municipal sewer service.
Wetlands
The United States Fish and Wildlife Service has developed a National
Wetlands Inventory mapping system. The City of Kosciusko and the
planning area are not significantly impacted by wetlands. Less than
nine percent of the land in Kosciusko and the planning area are
wetlands. 7.61% of that land is Freshwater Forested/Shrub Wetlands
and is concentrated along Yockanookany River. The remainder is
emergent wetlands, ponds and lakes. This area of wetlands runs
parallel just south of the Natchez Trace Parkway. See Map 4.4.
Severe Slopes
Defining severe slopes can vary depending on the community and
location. For Kosciusko and the Planning Area, severe slopes have
been defined as slopes above 15%. This is based on the soil category
break down by NRCS. The map does not represent the exact slopes
of land but representative soils with qualities that produce specific
slope ranges. See Map 4.5. Approximately 13.7% of the existing city
and 32.3% of the planning area has a slope greater than 15%.
100 Year Floodplain
The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) recently
released digital flood zones (DFIRM) for the State of Mississippi. Map
4.6 portrays the most current mapping of flood potential areas in the
City of Kosciusko and the planning area. The City of Kosciusko and the
planning area is hardly affected by the floodway zone which consists
of the stream channel and adjacent areas that actively carry flood
downstream. Less than one percent of the city and planning area falls
into the floodway category.
The 100 year floodplain is the most common flood zone used for
analysis purposes as opposed to the 500 year floodplain. The
floodplain is defined as any land area susceptible to being inundated
by flood waters. The 100 year floodplain area has a 1% chance of
flooding in any given year; the 500 year floodplain area has a 0.2%
chance of occurring in any given year.
Approximately 8% of the City of Kosciusko and 18% of the planning
area (16% total) is within the 100 year floodplain or the floodway.
The 100 year floodplain in Kosciusko is concentrated in two areas
along Dye Ditch and along an unnamed creek in the eastern portion
of the city near the junction of Mississippi Highway 12 and 35. Areas
along Dye Ditch are also in the 500 year floodplain. In the planning
area the overwhelming majority of the 100 year floodplain is
32 | P a g e
36
d
R7E
R8E
35
34
33
R
24 5
Britt Rd
k
Cr
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Campbell Rd
Woodland Dr
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Fairground Rd
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Source(s): City of Kosciusko; USDA Natural
Resources Conservation Service; Mississippi Automated;
34
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!
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Gilliland St
21
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Hwy
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W
inf
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Bu
r
29
Knox Rd
Park Ln
Fairground St
E Adams St
43
V
U
15
Renfroe Rd
Su
p
11
Black Jack Rd
y
Moore St
S East St
Je
!
By
30
y Rd
- Wa
Al
16
Allen S
t
St
ffe
rs
on
Thornton St
W South St
W
N Wells St
Galloway Dr
KOSCIUSKO
Rd
25
N Madison St
Goodman St
on
s
Ve
t
r
20
m
t
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12
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19
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Planning Area
Ce
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W
ve
24
th
St
W North St
Elm St
Maple St
W Adams St
Golf Course Rd
Ha
Kosciusko
Yo
u
ck
Rd
W
Irv in g
Parkway Dr
Section
17
!
Fe
nw
i
S Natchez St
18
13
!
Gas Pipelines
k St
Black Jack Rd
Bran tle y St
Weatherly St
Tipton St
V
U
Fe nw
ic
9
57
Old Vaiden Rd
19
Green R
d
Cr
30
Cr k
8
icane
Rd
Hu rr
Munson Crk
Legend
Very limited
s
nk Rd
Sk ate Ri
5
7
12
Not rated
de
r
35
U
V
!
Attala Rd
6
1
Sa
n
ne
Cr k
Little Apookta
Apookta Crk
Map 4.4
!
32
31
ica
Springdale Rd
Atta
la
36
R6E
R7E
02 4
rr
City of Kosciusko
Rd 3
Hu
Atta
la
s
d
36
24 5
Britt Rd
k
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3
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Sk ate Ri
5
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wy
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Campbell Rd
Woodland Dr
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Bureau TIGER Line Files; U.S. National Parks Service;
US Fish and Wildlife Services National Wetlands Inventory.
34
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32
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Gilliland St
t
dS
Bo y
er
io
rD
Na
tch
!
!
By
30
25
y Rd
- Wa
Su
p
Knox Rd
Park Ln
21
15
Renfroe Rd
Fairground St
E Adams St
43
V
U
Black Jack Rd
y
16
Allen S
t
N Wells St
St
on
rs
ffe
Je
W
KOSCIUSKO
Rd
Al
Ve
t
r
yB
W South St
on
s
t
nS
g to
tin
un
Po
n
Thornton St
m
11
ge
Lake
30th
Galloway Dr
rita
He
Freshwater Pond
g
na u
Ap o
12
U
V
Goodman St
Si
m
Afro Dr
Freshwater Forested/Shrub Wetland
d
20
10
County Rd 3034 Rd
SH
Freshwater Emergent Wetland
6
21
St
r
At
ta la
4
Rd
er
R
19
nD
Wetland Type
Ce
nt
Hw Carter
ve
Mississippi Wetlands
th
W
2
y1
35
U
V
W North St
Elm St
Maple St
W Adams St
Golf Course Rd
Ha
24
Rd
W
Yo
u
St
N Madison St
Kosciusko
Planning Area
Irv in g
Parkway Dr
17
ck
S Natchez St
Section
Fe
nw
i
Bran tle y St
Weatherly St
Tipton St
18
13
k St
!
Gas Pipelines
Old Vaiden Rd
V
U
Fe nw
ic
Black Jack Rd
d
19
Green R
Legend
9
57
Cr k
Cr
30
icane
Rd
Hu rr
Munson Crk
8
7
12
0 0.375 0.75
35
34
33
R
R7E
R8E
de
r
35
U
V
Wetlands
!
Attala Rd
6
1
Sa
n
ne
Cr k
Little Apookta
Apookta Crk
Map 4.5
!
32
31
ica
Springdale Rd
Atta
la
36
R6E
R7E
02 4
rr
City of Kosciusko
Rd 3
Hu
Atta
la
36
d
R7E
R8E
35
34
33
R
24 5
Britt Rd
k
Cr
Rd 3
3
4
Airp
ort
Rd
1
2
Cho
cto w
Rd
ez
Hanna Rd
Campbell Rd
Woodland Dr
ce
Pk
wy
r
lD
or
ia
Smythe St
em
M
ns
Tr
a
NN
12
U
V
tch
Na
27
c
Yo
ka
wy
k
eP
c
Tra
ez
14
13
Kn
o
22
35
U
V
Na
tch
er
a
lvd
y
E
12
12
Shields Rd
Fairground Rd
he E St
zS
t
a tc
F St
Redwing Ave
nB
w
d
no
a
ok
ny
23
24
26
25
xR
d
Grapevine Crk
ce
Tr
a
O
ld
!
d
28
Pe c
a
d
V
U
H
yR
v
Ri
Dr
eR
Love Rd
Va
lle
yR
12
re
1
!!
!
2
!
3
R7E
R8E
!
!
Conehoma Crk
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
Ja
mi
so
nR
d
35
!
!
T 14 N
T 13 N
!
ce P k
wy
e z Tra
Natch
36
!
!
!
!
4
14
U
V
!
14
U
V
5
35
!
R6E
R7E
!
!
Na !
tch
ez
S
t
6
35
U
V
19
V
U
9S
y1
d
T 14 N
T 13 N
1
Source(s): City of Kosciusko; USDA Natural
Resources Conservation Service; Mississippi Automated;
34
Hw
!
!
33
le R
d
!
32
svil
!
!
Wil
liam
R
er
1.5
Miles
31
36
r Rd
nt
Ce
0 0.375 0.75
Con ne
Trinity Rd
!
d in
t
dS
Bo y
r
Ev erg ree n Dr
E Jefferson St
Gilliland St
21
er
io
rD
12 E
Hwy
Rd
x
o
Kn
W
inf
ge
Bu
r
29
Knox Rd
Park Ln
Fairground St
E Adams St
43
V
U
15
Renfroe Rd
Su
p
11
Black Jack Rd
y
Moore St
S East St
Je
!
By
30
y Rd
- Wa
Al
16
Allen S
t
St
ffe
rs
on
Thornton St
W South St
W
N Wells St
Galloway Dr
KOSCIUSKO
Rd
25
N Madison St
Goodman St
on
s
Ve
t
r
20
m
t
nS
g to
tin
un
yB
12
U
V
35
U
V
Si
m
Afro Dr
Po
n
d
St
rita
He
30th
19
10
County Rd 3034 Rd
SH
g
na u
Ap o
6
21
Hw Carter
r
Severe Slope
At
ta la
4
Rd
er
R
2
y1
nD
Planning Area
Ce
nt
W
ve
24
th
St
W North St
Elm St
Maple St
W Adams St
Golf Course Rd
Ha
Kosciusko
Yo
u
ck
Rd
W
Irv in g
Parkway Dr
Section
17
!
Fe
nw
i
S Natchez St
18
13
!
Gas Pipelines
k St
Black Jack Rd
Bran tle y St
Weatherly St
Tipton St
V
U
Fe nw
ic
9
57
Old Vaiden Rd
19
Green R
d
Cr
30
Cr k
8
icane
Rd
Hu rr
Munson Crk
Legend
Above 15% Slope
s
nk Rd
Sk ate Ri
5
7
12
5 to 15% Slope
de
r
35
U
V
Severe Slope
!
Attala Rd
6
1
Sa
n
ne
Cr k
Little Apookta
Apookta Crk
Map 4.6
!
32
31
ica
Springdale Rd
Atta
la
36
R6E
R7E
02 4
rr
City of Kosciusko
Rd 3
Hu
Atta
la
24 5
Britt Rd
k
Cr
Rd 3
Atta
la
Cho
Rd
ce
eR
w
y
12
tch
Na
12
U
V
12
U
V
r
wy
k
eP
c
Tra
ez
Kn
o
Shields Rd
Oakdale Dr
H
E
d
12 E
Hwy
Knox Rd
Woodland Dr
Fairground Rd
xR
d
35
U
V
wy
Pk
lD
or
ia
Tr
a
ez
c
Yo
ka
no
a
ok
ny
Grapevine Crk
lvd
Na
tch
er
a
ns
M
em
Redwing Ave
nB
r
Pe c
a
ce
Smythe St
re
Campbell Rd
St
ez
tch
Na
St
Love Rd
Dr
F St
N
d
Bo y
er
io
rD
inf
R
Ev erg ree n Dr
Hamilton Rd
Va
lle
yR
d
E Jefferson St
Gilliland St
Moore St
S East St
N Madison St
43
V
U
Ve
t
e
Su
p
Hanna Rd
Tr
a
ld
O
d in
Black Jack Rd
W
d
yR
v
Ri
d
!
!
Bu
r
Renfroe Rd
Fairground St
E Adams St
Allen S
t
on
rs
ffe
Je
W
!
!
!
30th
He
ri t
ag
Hwy 12 E
Knox Rd
Park Ln
KOSCIUSKO
W South St
S Natchez St
Parkway Dr
N Wells St
St
Galloway Dr
Thornton St
d
ay R
!
Po
n
yB
By -W
2nd Ave
t
nS
g to
tin
un
d
gR
na u
Ap o
4th Ave
Afro Dr
r
12
U
V
County Rd 3034 Rd
SH
500 Year Floodplain
d
35
U
V
Goodman St
r
At
er
R
nD
Flood Hazard Areas
ta la
Rd
16
42
Ce
nt
ve
Planning Area
th
W
Ha
Yo
u
Hw
2
y1
St
W North St
Elm St
Maple St
W Adams St
Golf Course Rd
W
Kosciusko
Rd
Peele r St
ck
Bran tle y St
Weatherly St
Tipton St
Irv in g
Section
Old Vaiden Rd
Fe
nw
i
Black Jack Rd
n St
N Jackso
k St
d
Gas Pipelines
Green R
V
U
57
or
t
Cr k
19
Fe nw
ic
Ai
rp
icane
Rd
Hu rr
Legend
Floodway
cto w
Munson Crk
Cr
30
100 Year Floodplain
d
35
U
V
100-Year Floodplain
!
R
nk Rd
Sk ate Ri
Attala Rd
Map 4.7
!
s
ne
Cr k
Little Apookta
Apookta Crk
de
r
ica
Springdale Rd
R7E
R8E
Sa
n
R6E
R7E
02 4
rr
City of Kosciusko
Rd 3
Hu
Atta
la
!!
!
!
!
R7E
R8E
!
!
Conehoma Crk
!
ce P k
wy
e z Tra
Natch
!
!
!
Dicken Cir
!
!
14
U
V
!
!
!
35
U
V
!
!
!
!
!
!
Ja
mi
so
nR
d
36
!
T 14 N
T 13 N
!
t
ch e
Nat
!
14
U
V
!
R6E
R7E
Source(s): City of Kosciusko;Federal Emergency
Management Agency DFIRM; Mississippi Automated;
9S
y1
!
T 14 N
T 13 N
!
1.5
Miles
Hw
Williamsville Rd
!
0 0.375 0.75
19
V
U
zS
r Rd
!
Con ne
DRAFT
located along Yockanookany River. Some of the 100 year floodplain
is located along Apookta Creek, Munson Creek and Hurricane Creek.
Table 4.3: Existing Constraints in Kosciusko and the Planning Area
Total Acreage
Floodway
100 Year Floodplain
500 Year Floodplain
Freshwater Emergent Wetland
Freshwater Forested/Shrub Wetland
Freshwater Pond
Lake
Riverine
5%-15% slope
Above 15% slope
Kosciusko
Acres Percentage
Planning Area
Acres Percentage
Acres
4,832.41
22,343.82
27,176.23
Total
Percentage
91.12
372.11
54.30
Flood Hazard
1.89%
7.70%
1.12%
0.47
3,988.24
0.11
0.00%
17.85%
0.00%
91.60
4,360.35
54.41
0.34%
16.04%
0.20%
0.36
29.74
10.34
0.00
0.00
Wetlands
0.01%
0.62%
0.21%
0.00%
0.00%
35.06
2,039.36
253.92
63.67
0.00
0.16%
9.13%
1.14%
0.28%
0.00%
35.42
2,069.10
264.26
63.67
0.00
0.13%
7.61%
0.97%
0.23%
0.00%
Sever Slope
47.94%
13.70%
6,704.15
7,255.02
30.00%
32.47%
9,020.84
7,917.29
33.19%
29.13%
2,316.69
662.26
Source: Federal Emergency Management Agency DFIRM, Mississippi Automated
Resource Information System (MARIS), USDA Natural Resources Conservation
Service Soil Survey
37 | P a g e
DRAFT
Chapter Five: Future Land Use Plan
Introduction and Methodology
In order to comply with Mississippi enabling legislation, the future
land use plan must designate in map or policy form the proposed
general distribution and extent of the proposed land uses. The future
land use plan serves two purposes. First, it provides for the general
physical location of expected future development. The second
purpose is to create order among the existing land uses.
In preparing a Future Land Use Plan, a necessary and responsible step
is that of considering environmentally sensitive areas. Some may see
these areas as worthy of some degree of preservation, while other
may see them as a constraint to development. Through the use of
good design techniques, some of these environmentally constrained
areas may be developed while preserving the sensitive areas at the
same time. The existing land use chapter talks in detail about specific
constraints which assisted in the preparation of this future land use
plan.
This section establishes policies that will shape how and where future
development occurs. These policies cannot prevent all negative
things or incompatible uses from happening, but hopefully, they will
introduce some control and guide future decisions. This section,
along with the entire Comprehensive Plan, can promote these ideals
even further. This Chapter focuses on the ideal location for certain
land uses, the ideal mixture of land uses, and the ideal intensity of
land uses by translating portions of the previous chapter into map
form.
There are some general guiding statements that should be presented
regarding some types of future land use no matter where it is located
in Kosciusko

Intense development of any type needs central sewer and an
adequate transportation system;

All parcels should have at least 50’ of frontage on a public
road.
Any use or structure that is presently located in an area that would
not allow that use on the Future Land Use Map is called a
nonconforming use. A nonconforming use or structure would be
allowed to continue indefinitely as long as its use is not stopped for a
period of one year. If it ceases use or operation for more than one
year the nonconforming status is lost and the use or structure has to
conform to the new requirements. For example, if a residence was
located in an area shown on the Future Land Use Map as “General
Commercial” the residence would be allowed to continue as a home
as long as someone lived there. It could be sold, repaired or expanded
just like any other residence. If it was empty for one year or
completely destroyed, it should have to be restored as a commercial
operation.
Even though Kosciusko is a rural city with lots of agriculture and open
space within its city limits and surrounding, there is a number of
potentially undesirable or “obnoxious neighbor” land uses that need
to be addressed by specific policies that define and control these
uses. Some of these uses overburden the city resources such as
heavy-haul trucking, and other uses inconvenience adjacent
neighbors or cause potentially hazardous conditions, such as
junkyards, gravel pits, or concrete plants. When activities on one
property “spillover” and cause a burden and danger to adjacent
property owners, then the government is authorized and required to
regulate it. This is not “taking away” property rights, it is requiring
accountability for land use activities. For example, defining a
Junkyard as a place with 10 or more cars that are inoperable and
requiring such places to build a fence and keep the property mowed
if there are residences within 500 feet of the junkyard property, or
junk cars, is protecting the safety and welfare of the citizens.
Kosciusko must identify and regulate potentially hazardous land uses.
38 | P a g e
DRAFT
Potential Land Use Needs
The population is used to create a base projection for the amount of
land area that will be needed in each land use category to
accommodate the expected growth within the next twenty to
twenty-five years. Since population projections are the major
controller in calculating land use needs, land use was calculated for
each of the three population projections discussed in Chapter Two.
This provides us with a range acreage needed in each of the land use
categories. Table 5.1 shows future land use projections based on
population projections.
Based upon population projections it is likely that there would be
 between 37.3 to 86.3 acres more of residentially developed
land than is currently being utilized within the city.
o between 34.8 to 86.3 acres for single family
residential.
o between 0.7 to 1.6 acres for manufactured or mobile
home.
o between 0.2 to 0.4 acres for duplex residential.
o between 1.6 to 3.8 acres for multi-family residential.
Table 5. 1: Future Land Use Projection
Source or Projection Method
Year
Population or Projected Population
Land Use Category - City of Kosciusko
Residential
U.S. Census Bureau
2010
7,402
Percent Acres per
Acres
of Total person
Vacant
Total City parcel Acreage
Total City ROW Acreage
1,261.82
1,175.42
23.92
7.04
55.44
380.82
95.51
408.05
133.58
15.46
165.43
93.58
2,132.47
6.90
4,285.56
508.38
Total City Acreage
4,793.94
Single Family
Manufactured Home
Duplex
Multi-family
Commercial
Industrial
Public/Semi-public
Governmental
Public/Semi-public
Recreational
26.3%
24.5%
0.5%
0.1%
1.2%
7.9%
2.0%
8.5%
2.8%
0.3%
3.5%
2.0%
44.5%
0.1%
89.4%
10.6%
0.17
0.16
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.05
0.01
0.06
0.02
0.00
0.02
0.01
0.29
0.00
0.07
IHL Proportional
2025
7,759
Projected
New Acres
Acres
in Land Use
1322.68
1232.11
25.07
7.38
58.11
399.18
100.11
427.73
140.03
16.20
173.41
98.09
2004.11
7.23
4,261.04
532.90
4793.94
60.86
56.69
1.15
0.34
2.67
18.37
4.61
19.68
6.44
0.75
7.98
4.51
-128.36
0.33
24.52
Average Growth
2035
7,908
Projected
New Acres
Acres
in Land Use
1348.08
1255.77
25.56
7.52
59.23
406.85
102.03
435.95
142.72
16.51
176.74
99.98
1950.53
7.37
4,250.81
543.13
4793.94
86.26
80.35
1.64
0.48
3.79
26.03
6.53
27.89
9.13
1.06
11.31
6.40
-181.94
0.47
34.75
Least Squared
2035
7,621
Projected
New Acres
Acres
in Land Use
1299.15
1210.20
24.63
7.25
57.08
392.08
98.33
420.12
137.54
15.91
170.33
96.35
2053.73
7.10
4,270.52
523.42
37.33
34.78
0.71
0.21
1.64
11.27
2.83
12.07
3.95
0.46
4.89
2.77
-78.74
0.20
15.04
4793.94
Source: Slaughter & Associates Land Use Survey and Calculations
39 | P a g e
DRAFT
 between 11.3 to 26.0 acres more of commercially developed
land than is currently being utilized within the city.
 between 2.8 to 6.5 acres more of industrially developed land
than is currently being utilized within the city.
 between 12.0 to 27.9 acres more of public or semi-public
developed land than is currently being utilized within the
city.
o between
4.0
to
9.1
acres
more
of
church/cemetery/institutional developed land than
is currently being utilized within the city.
o between 0.5 to 1.0 acres more of governmental
developed land than is currently being utilized within
the city.
o between 4.9 to 11.3 acres more of public/semipublic developed land than is currently being utilized
within the city.
o between 2.8 to 6.4 acres more of recreational
developed land than is currently being utilized within
the city.
 between 0.2 to 0.5 acres more of accessory developed land
than is currently being utilized within the city.
Future Land Use Categories
The Future Land Use Map illustrates different land use categories.
These categories are color-coded according to the key the map and
as represented by the descriptions below.
The Kosciusko’s Land Use Plan categorizes future land uses in the
following manner:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Agricultural Residential
Low Density Residential
Medium Density Residential
High Density Residential
Central Business District
Highway Commercial
Neighborhood Commercial
Medical District
Industrial
Public/Semi Public
a. Cemeteries & Churches
b. Government
c. Institutional
d. Parks and Recreation
These approximations are guides that planners utilized to determine
if the proposed land uses could accommodate projected growth.
These approximations should not be utilized as standards to restrict
land uses. The approximations of future land use needs are subject
to uncertainty. The assumptions that form the basis of these
projections are historical trends, which may or may not be replicated
within the future. From time to time these land use approximations
should be reviewed and revised to reflect the changing circumstances
within the community.
The following is an explanation of the specific meaning of land use
colors codes depicted on Maps 5.1 contained in this chapter:
40 | P a g e
Agricultural-Residential
This land use classification is intended to accommodate a
rural residential pattern of development, one that allows for
a slightly higher density than agricultural land uses but still
promotes the rural character. These areas are primarily
located in the planning area or near the agricultural areas in
order to provide a transition of density. Allowed density
would be 0.5 units per acre permitting one (1) dwelling per
two (2) acres.
DRAFT
Low density residential serves a transitional use between
higher density residential and commercial uses and
agricultural uses. This category covers some existing
neighborhoods but also applies to vacant land where future
low density subdivisions should concentrate. This category
also allows for additional residential development at
densities of approximately one (1) to three (3) units per acre.
Lot size could range from one-third of an acre to one acre.
Medium density residential includes smaller single family lots
with detached units and possibly single family attached units
or duplexes. This classification is primarily located around the
core of downtown where existing development illustrates
this pattern of density. It also allows for future developments
in areas south of Highway 16 near the school and commercial
areas. Medium density ranges from three (3) to six (6)
dwellings per acre which could allow lot sizes as small as
8,000 square feet.
High density residential is intended for multi-family units
which could range from duplexes, triplexes, and
quadraplexes to apartments. This classification is primarily
used as a buffer between commercial uses and lower density
residential uses. Allowable density range from six (6) to
twelve (12) dwellings per acre.
This land use classification accommodates a variety of
commercial and professional land uses in the downtown area
of Kosciusko. It includes uses that cater to the needs of the
nearby residents. It is important that the City preserve the
mixture of retail and office uses with the public uses. While
the square serves as a center for public services (city and
county), commercial retail and professional office services
are essential to create foot traffic during the day and/or after
business hours.
Highway Commercial
The highway commercial land use category is designed to
accommodate a wide variety of commercial uses. As the
name suggests, this land use category is located in areas
where businesses require high visibility or are dependent
upon traffic volume as a portion of its market base which is
along Mississippi Highway 35 and Mississippi Highway 12.
The neighborhood commercial land use category is primarily
to serve the needs of those individuals living in close
proximity and would accommodate such uses to provide
convenience retail goods to the residents. Examples might
include branch banks, a deli, or a personal service such as a
beauty shop or tanning salon. This classification is located at
primary intersections within residential districts. Uses and
developments within this category would have a more
neighborhood character than other commercial uses.
Medical District
The medical district is intended to provide for a clustering of
medical related uses, including offices, the hospital, drug
stores and other related medical uses. Additionally, this
district is appropriate for the location of limited residential
living establishments such as nursing homes and long term
care facilities. This area is centered around the existing
hospital just north of Mississippi Highway 12.
41 | P a g e
DRAFT
Industrial
The industrial land use classification is designed to provide
for areas suitable for industrial activities. Such activity
typically includes manufacturing, storage or assembly of
goods or products but may also include the production,
alteration, or reduction of goods.
Parks and Recreation uses are identified separately. The continued
use and location is important to surrounding future land
uses.
Public/Semi-Public (PSP)
This classification is divided to account for a variety of public and
semi-public uses. The areas identified by these uses following the
existing land use patterns. Throughout the future, any proposed
public or semi-public uses would be supported and encouraged in
any of the other districts even though they are not specifically
planned for.
Cemeteries and Churches tend to be more permanent and well
established in communities and are likely to stay in one
location for the long term. The churches affiliated with
adjacent cemeteries (or not affiliated with cemeteries at all)
are not included as a separate classification so as not to limit
their location in the future.
Governmental uses are also more permanent in nature and wellestablished. City or county governmental offices or services
rarely change. Therefore, these uses are specifically located
for the impact and influence on future land uses.
Institutional uses are operated by a public or non-profit body for
the frequent assembly or housing of persons such as a school
or hospital. The future land use limits this classification to the
schools since the hospital is included in a separate medical
district classification.
42 | P a g e
24 5
Britt Rd
Rd 3
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KOSCIUSKO
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21
15
Renfroe Rd
E Jefferson St
Gilliland St
t
nS
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tin
un
Po
n
W South St
y
Fairground St
E Adams St
Afro Dr
St
Thornton St
Al
Knox Rd
Park Ln
SH
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Rd
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s
16
2nd Ave
Black Jack Rd
County Rd 3034 Rd
m
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24
Hw Carter
Ha
Yo
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W
W
2
y1
N Wells St
Future Land Use
W North St
Elm St
Maple St
W Adams St
Golf Course Rd
Parkway Dr
Planning Area
4th Ave
ez St
Kosciusko
S Natchez St
Rd
N Madison St
Irv in g
St
N Natch
17
Bran tle y St
Weatherly St
Tipton St
18
13
Section
ck
n St
N Jackso
Fe
nw
i
Si
m
Allen S
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! Gas Pipelines
Black Jack Rd
Moore St
S East St
Old Vaiden Rd
k St
10
57
d
Fe nw
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19
9
Cr k
Cr
30
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Rd
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d
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12
Industrial
35
34
33
R
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Future Land Use
Medical District
s
nk Rd
Sk ate Ri
Attala Rd
6
1
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R7E
R8E
Sa
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Cr k
Little Apookta
Apookta Crk
Map 5.1
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32
31
ica
Springdale Rd
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36
R6E
R7E
02 4
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City of Kosciusko
Rd 3
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Tr
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Shady Oak Dr
Pin ec re
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Old Ethel Rd
22
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Nash St
S East St
Highla nd Dr
12 E
Dr
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T
n ne N
!
R7E
n
ee
Hwy
Na
tc
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Bell St
Moore St
Linden Dr
Wren St
r
erg
Ev
Valley Rd
Redwing Ave
Woodland Dr
Fairground Rd
F St
Presley St
Carls Ln
Aldy St
St
Ve
t
Tipton St
Dr
Allen St
E South St
Bryan St
Love Rd
ge
N
t
Mitc h
e ll S
E St
Stewart St
N Huntington St
N Madison St
St
Bran tle y
Potts St
so n
Yates St
!
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o St
St
Bo b Bo yd
Weatherly St
Taylor St
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30
Sailor St
Gilliland St
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Miles
Rd
Burdine Rd
0.4
By-Way
KOSCIUSKO
21
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t
nS
g to
tin
un
W South St
E Adams St
SH
Governmental
43
U
V
Rays Aly
Park Ln
Fairground St
E Adams St
Afro Dr
St
Cemeteries and Churches or Institutional
S Wells St
rs
on
Clark Rd
W
itch
Je
ffe
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ip
Public Semi-Public
Thornton St
Crawford St
l
Tu
Industrial
Lucas St
Turner St
Dy
St
r
St
Medical District
Oakland St
Galloway Dr
Smithson St
Lewis St
Pope St
W Monroe St
Goodman St
S Natchez St
Cannonade St
D
Oak
r
Knox Rd
Dr
res t
en
W
D
le y
es
sk
ud
12
U
V
Hwy 12 E
t Love St
iS
ls
Pi
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Greenside Dr
Birdie Trl
Fairway Ln
Parkway Dr
av
Highway Commercial
0.2
20
d
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Ap o
0
Carter St
2nd Ave
Renfroe Rd
Hillc
H
Maple St
W Adams St
Peele r St
W
19
Elm St
Hillview Ave
Thom as Cir
Vickers Dr
r
Hw
V
U
W
W North St
15
rD
io
er
Kosciusko
Future Land Use
2
y1
3rd Ave
Leon ard St
12
Golf Course Rd
Glendale Ave
Trace Ridg e
Section
16
p
Su
Irving Rd
Parcels
Rone St
N Wells St
Boswell St
Gas Pipelines
Peachtree St
!
4th Ave
n St
N Jackso
!
35
U
V
Yorkshire St
Autumn Ridg e Dr
Dr
da
le
17
18
Legend
od
wo
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Fe W
nw
ick
St
Old Vaiden Rd
19
U
V
Black Jack Rd
County Rd 3034 Rd
Black Jac k Rd
Blackjack Rd
Woodland St
Future Land Use
Kosciusko Zoom
Fe nwick St
Green Rd
57
Map 5.2
o
no
ka
ka
n
27
iv
R
y
wy
Pk
35
U
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19
U
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44
DRAFT
Chapter Six: Transportation Plan
Transportation is an important component of the comprehensive
planning process because future development, economic growth,
and quality of life are all tied to and influenced by the transportation
system. The transportation system for the City of Kosciusko consists
primarily of vehicular and pedestrian. Vehicular systems in Kosciusko
influence the physical framework of the city more so than others.
Kosciusko has four main transportation corridors that divide the city
and planning area into seven slices. Mississippi Highway 35 and 43
runs north and south through the city. Mississippi Highway 12 and 19
run east to west through the city. These corridors have formed the
basis for land development, they illustrate how the city has grown
over the years, and they reveal potential growth areas. The local
streets form somewhat of an irregular grid pattern. The central grid
connects to linear routes which reach from the city core into the
planning areas.
Functional Classification
According to the Federal Highways Administration (FHWA)
Functional Classification Guidelines, functional classification is a
method used to group streets and roadways into categories based on
the level of transportation service they provide. The assumption
behind functional classification is that individual roadways carry
traffic independently – roadways work together to form a network of
traffic flow. It is this overall network that helps assign classifications
to roadways based on the portion of road used for the network traffic
flow.
Transportation planners use three main classifications when
determining the level of traffic on roadways: arterial, collector, and
local. Any of those classifications can have a sub-classification
(principal and minor) as well depending on the conditions and
transportation networks within a city or county. Mississippi
Department of Transportation (MDOT) assigns these classifications
for rural and urban areas. The roadway classifications in this Plan are
based on the MDOT functional classifications for the Kosciusko Urban
Area and Attala County.
Arterial
Arterials (principal and minor) serve a higher level of trips and travel
density that is characteristic of statewide or countywide travel.
Principal arterials typically serve and connect the major activity
centers and also accommodate the highest volume of traffic. The only
principal arterial in Kosciusko is Mississippi Highway 12 that runs east
to west. Minor arterials work alongside principal arterials to form an
intercounty network linking major cities and towns. Kosciusko
includes several minor arterials. The Mississippi Highway 14 and 43
corridor, from the East edge of the planning area to its junction with
Mississippi Highway 12; Mississippi Highway 14 and 43 corridor,
from Huntington Street to the south edge of the Planning Area; the
Natchez Street and Huntington Street corridor; the Mississippi
Highway 35 corridor, south of Mississippi Highway 12; the Mississippi
Highway 35 corridor, north of Mississippi Highway 12; and the
Natchez Trace Parkway.
Collector
Where arterials function as statewide connections, collector roads
(major and minor) serve the countywide traffic network. They collect
and distribute the network of traffic from local roads to arterials.
Collectors in Kosciusko include Mississippi Highway 19 (Fenwick
Street), Youth Center Road, Jefferson Street, Adams Street, Wells
Street, South Street, Love Road and Center Road. Additionally, a
future collector will connect East and West South Street between
South Huntington Street and Smythe Street.
Local
Local roadways connect and carry traffic from adjacent land uses to
roadways of higher classification for dispersal of traffic flow. For the
45 | P a g e
DRAFT
City of Kosciusko and the planning area, these would include all other
county and city roadways with less traffic than the collectors.
Road, Right-of-Way & Pavement Standards
Koscuisko’s current subdivision regulations lay out all upgrades and
standards for transportation networks in new developments. The
current version of the subdivision regulations should be referred to
answer specific questions. The current subdivision regulations call for
developers to make necessary improvements based on their
classification as arterials, collectors, locals or others. This includes
dedicated right-of-way widths and minimum pavement widths.
Developers are also required to add sidewalks to any collectors or
arterials that they build. This is an area where the subdivision
regulation could be improved and require sidewalks along all
developed streets (arterial, collectors and locals). In addition to
sidewalks and road-upgrade requirements the subdivision
regulations require curb and gutters for drainage and the location of
utilities so that the road can go undisturbed when connections are
made. The developer is also required to prepare and pave roads to
the state standard set by the Mississippi Department of
Transportation’s Office of State Aid Road Construction. This office
regulates the grade, material, drainage, construction, et cetera.
Kosciusko’s subdivision regulations are in good condition when it
comes to ensuring automobile transportation networks. They,
however, are lacking when considering alternative transportation
options mainly when it comes to sidewalks. An amendment or
perhaps a complete rewrite of the subdivision regulations should
include stronger provisions for sidewalks and perhaps bicycles.
specific survey points in cities or counties may only be updated every
three years; MDOT cannot count each traffic survey point every year.
MDOT uses the data collected at each survey point to calculate the
Annual Average Daily Traffic (AADT). These are the numbers
produced for public use.
There are fifty-three survey points in Kosciusko and the vicinity. They
are places along the main transportation corridors which are
identified in the Transportation Plan (Map 6.1).
For this
Comprehensive Plan, traffic counts were analyzed yearly from 2003
to 2012. Fourteen of the survey points are outside of the city limits
of Kosciusko, the remainder are within the city limits. Survey point 48
is the most active survey point partly due to its location on Mississippi
Highway 35 just south of the Natchez Trace Parkway. That survey
point averages 9,000 cars a day and increase of 23.3% since 2003.
Only four survey points in Kosciusko have had increases in traffic in
the last ten years. Three of those four are located on Mississippi
Highway 35. The forth survey point is located on Mississippi Highway
19. Mississippi Highway 35 also has the three highest average daily
traffic count points, pointing out that Mississippi Highway 35 is a
major thoroughfare in Kosciusko.
Mississippi Department of Transportation (MDOT) conducts a series
of traffic count surveys in order to produce statewide data for
vehicle-miles-traveled. These surveys are conducted yearly but
The forty survey points show a loss in average daily traffic count over
the last ten years. These survey points average a loss of 17.9% or an
average of 630 automobiles passing each survey point. One would be
predisposed to think that Kosciusko had seen a decrease in
population in the last ten years, but it has actually seen an increase
from 7,372 to 7,402. This decrease in average daily traffic counts
through the city is very likely due to the changes in population in the
planning area and greater Attala County, or it could be due to
population in the planning area working in areas that no longer takes
them through the city on their commute. This could also point to a
possible trend in the population that will not show itself until the next
decennial census in 2020. The 2011 and 2012 average daily traffic
count data was collected after the completion of the 2010 Census, a
46 | P a g e
Traffic Counts
Rd
Rd 3
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Rd
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lvd
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Woodland Dr
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t
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r
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th
W
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W North St
Elm St
Maple St
W Adams St
Golf Course Rd
Ha
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St
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Irv in g
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Weatherly St
Tipton St
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17
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Functional Classification
36
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24 5
Britt Rd
5
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Legend
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Transportation Plan
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4
1 Lane Highway
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32
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Springdale Rd
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W Monroe St
Fairground St
23
43
U
V
27
32 31
33
S Wells St
Oakland St
Boswell St
N Wells St
Goodman St
1
Hines St
Court Square Cir
Pope St
W Jefferson St
26
Lucas St
S
Moore St
S East St
d
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41
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Poplar St
Black Jack Rd
inf
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Zoon
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42
43
KOSCIUSKO
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Knox Rd
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11
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of Transportation (MDOT); Mississippi Automated
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16
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Ap o
Hw Carter St
l
Tu
At
6
21
St
r
Planning Area
ta la
4
Rd
er
R
35
V
U
21
Elm St
22
Maple St
W Adams St
W
nD
Kosciusko
Ce
nt
2
y1
19
ck
18
Golf Course Rd
ve
24
th
5
County Rd 3034 Rd
o d la
Wo
Rd
Ha
Yo
u
Fe
nw
i
Ridgewood Cir
W
19
d
Section
10
R
en
6
17
Irv in g
9
Blackjack Rd
k St
18
13
Gas Pipelines
Source(s): City of Kosciusko; Mississippi Department
3
4
a id
dV
Ol
Fe nw
ic
V
U
1.5
Miles
d
Cho
8
19
Traffic Count Locations
0 0.375 0.75
35
34
33
R
nk Rd
Sk ate Ri
5
7
12
Legend
!
s
35
U
V
Average Daily Traffic
Count
!
Attala Rd
6
1
Map 6.2
de
r
ne
Cr k
Little Apookta
Apookta Crk
Sa
n
ica
Springdale Rd
32
31
R6E
R7E
36
02 4
rr
City of Kosciusko
Rd 3
Hu
Atta
la
DRAFT
Figure 6. 1: Average Daily Traffic Count
Map #
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
Site ID
040760
040410
040220
040200
040411
040762
040770
045045
040650
040020
041220
040190
040380
040180
040640
040170
040390
040160
041180
045060
045057
045055
045015
045070
041210
045065
045115
045010
045120
040620
041205
041200
045050
040140
041195
041190
040600
045005
045090
045300
045085
045080
040570
045310
045000
040350
040330
040320
040560
040120
040310
040450
040460
2003
920
3,000
4,900
4,900
No Data
No Data
1,900
4,800
4,000
850
1,800
4,900
11,000
15,000
6,700
16,000
8,600
7,700
630
1,100
No Data
5,200
3,500
690
3,600
1,600
No Data
3,500
1,900
No Data
3,500
1,600
2,700
5,500
1,500
1,500
1,300
3,200
540
No Data
910
800
2,700
2,300
2,600
8,700
9,400
7,300
3,100
5,200
4,400
3,700
3,700
2004
920
3,100
4,600
4,600
No Data
No Data
1,900
4,800
4,000
870
1,800
4,600
11,000
15,000
6,800
16,000
8,700
7,800
630
1,100
No Data
5,200
3,500
690
4,000
1,600
No Data
3,500
1,900
No Data
3,500
1,600
2,700
5,200
1,500
1,500
1,500
3,000
540
No Data
910
790
3,000
2,300
2,600
8,800
9,500
7,400
3,100
4,600
4,000
3,800
3,800
2005
790
3,100
4,600
4,600
740
130
1,600
4,800
4,000
880
1,800
4,600
14,000
17,000
4,800
16,000
8,800
7,900
570
1,100
100
4,000
2,800
700
4,000
1,700
900
2,800
1,900
1,600
3,500
1,200
2,700
5,300
1,500
1,500
1,500
3,000
710
140
920
800
3,000
2,300
2,600
8,900
9,600
6,700
3,100
4,600
4,000
2,700
2,700
2006
800
3,100
4,600
4,600
750
130
1,600
4,500
3,600
890
2,000
4,600
14,000
17,000
4,800
16,000
8,800
7,400
580
1,100
100
4,000
2,800
700
4,000
1,700
900
2,800
1,900
1,600
2,900
1,200
2,600
5,300
1,200
1,200
1,500
3,000
710
140
850
800
3,000
2,300
2,700
9,800
9,300
6,700
3,100
4,700
4,000
2,700
2,700
2007
800
2,900
4,400
4,400
760
140
1,600
4,500
3,600
890
2,000
4,400
14,000
17,000
4,800
16,000
8,800
7,400
580
960
110
4,000
2,800
700
3,800
1,700
940
2,800
1,900
1,700
2,900
1,200
2,600
4,700
1,200
1,200
1,500
3,000
710
150
850
690
3,200
2,300
2,700
9,800
9,300
6,800
3,100
4,700
4,100
2,700
2,700
2008
780
2,800
4,200
4,200
940
130
1,700
4,300
3,500
860
2,000
4,200
13,000
16,000
4,900
16,000
8,500
7,100
510
930
100
3,900
2,700
670
3,600
1,600
1,100
2,700
1,900
1,600
2,800
1,200
2,500
4,600
1,100
1,100
1,500
3,000
500
230
830
660
3,100
2,200
2,500
9,400
8,800
2,600
4,000
4,600
3,900
3,300
3,300
2009
770
2,800
4,100
4,100
940
80
1,600
4,900
3,200
500
1,800
4,100
13,000
16,000
4,800
15,000
8,400
6,000
500
910
100
3,800
2,700
720
3,600
1,600
1,100
2,700
1,900
1,600
1,500
1,200
2,400
4,500
1,000
1,000
1,400
2,900
490
230
920
650
3,100
2,600
2,500
9,300
8,900
2,600
3,900
4,500
3,900
3,200
3,200
2010
780
2,800
4,300
4,300
950
80
1,700
5,000
3,200
510
1,800
4,300
13,000
17,000
4,900
16,000
8,200
6,200
510
1,100
110
3,900
2,700
730
3,400
1,600
1,200
2,700
1,900
1,600
1,500
1,200
2,500
4,300
1,000
1,000
1,300
2,600
490
230
940
640
2,100
2,700
2,600
9,100
9,200
2,700
4,000
4,400
3,900
3,200
3,200
2011
810
2,800
4,200
4,200
940
80
2,200
5,000
3,200
660
1,800
4,200
13,000
14,000
4,700
16,000
8,100
6,100
520
1,100
110
3,700
2,400
730
3,400
1,200
1,200
2,400
1,200
1,600
1,500
950
2,500
4,200
1,000
1,000
1,300
2,600
540
200
940
640
2,100
2,700
2,400
9,000
9,100
8,900
2,000
4,300
4,100
3,500
3,500
2012
810
2,800
4,300
4,300
1,200
120
2,200
4,400
3,100
660
1,700
4,300
13,000
14,000
4,700
14,000
8,200
7,300
520
1,100
50
3,700
2,400
640
3,400
1,200
1,800
2,400
1,200
1,600
2,100
950
2,200
4,300
970
970
1,300
2,600
540
200
850
640
2,100
2,100
2,400
9,000
8,200
9,000
2,000
4,300
4,100
3,500
3,500
Last 5 Years
# Change % Change
30
3.8%
0
0.0%
100
2.4%
100
2.4%
260
27.7%
-10
-7.7%
500
29.4%
100
2.3%
-400
-11.4%
-200
-23.3%
-300
-15.0%
100
2.4%
0
0.0%
-2000
-12.5%
-200
-4.1%
-2000
-12.5%
-300
-3.5%
200
2.8%
10
2.0%
170
18.3%
-50
-50.0%
-200
-5.1%
-300
-11.1%
-30
-4.5%
-200
-5.6%
-400
-25.0%
700
63.6%
-300
-11.1%
-700
-36.8%
0
0.0%
-700
-25.0%
-250
-20.8%
-300
-12.0%
-300
-6.5%
-130
-11.8%
-130
-11.8%
-200
-13.3%
-400
-13.3%
40
8.0%
-30
-13.0%
20
2.4%
-20
-3.0%
-1000
-32.3%
-100
-4.5%
-100
-4.0%
-400
-4.3%
-600
-6.8%
6400
246.2%
-2000
-50.0%
-300
-6.5%
200
5.1%
200
6.1%
200
6.1%
Source: Mississippi Department of Transportation
Last 10 Years
# Change % Change
-110
-12.0%
-200
-6.7%
-600
-12.2%
-600
-12.2%
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
300
15.8%
-400
-8.3%
-900
-22.5%
-190
-22.4%
-100
-5.6%
-600
-12.2%
2000
18.2%
-1000
-6.7%
-2000
-29.9%
-2000
-12.5%
-400
-4.7%
-400
-5.2%
-110
-17.5%
0
0.0%
N/A
N/A
-1500
-28.8%
-1100
-31.4%
-50
-7.2%
-200
-5.6%
-400
-25.0%
N/A
N/A
-1100
-31.4%
-700
-36.8%
N/A
N/A
-1400
-40.0%
-650
-40.6%
-500
-18.5%
-1200
-21.8%
-530
-35.3%
-530
-35.3%
0
0.0%
-600
-18.8%
0
0.0%
N/A
N/A
-60
-6.6%
-160
-20.0%
-600
-22.2%
-200
-8.7%
-200
-7.7%
300
3.4%
-1200
-12.8%
1700
23.3%
-1100
-35.5%
-900
-17.3%
-300
-6.8%
-200
-5.4%
-200
-5.4%
decrease that would not be conclusive until the 2020 Census
numbers are collected and released at a later date.
Forms of Transportation
Airports
Kosciusko-Attala County Airport the nearest airport and is
located about five miles northeast of the city center, just off
of Mississippi Highway 12. The airport is publicly owned by
both the City of Kosciusko and Attala County and has been in
operation since September of 1959. According the Federal
Aviation Administration (FAA), the 5,009 foot paved runway is
in good condition with the runway markings being in good
condition as well. As of March 2012, the airport was averaging
sixty-six flights a week. 64% of that traffic is transit general
aviation, 35% is general aviation and less than 1% is military.
Jackson-Medgar Wiley Evers International Airport is the
nearest airport with commercial service available.
Destinations out of Jackson include Atlanta, GA; Baltimore,
MD; Charlotte, NC; Chicago, IL; Dallas-Ft. Worth, TX; Houston,
TX; Orlando, FL; and Washington, D.C.
Automobile Travel
Much of this chapter has already been devoted to automobile
travel as it is the most prevalent form of transportation in
Kosciusko. However, improvements to the transportation
network in Kosciusko have not been discussed. This plan
recommends that the City adopt a routine maintenance
schedule for repaving, striping, et cetera the existing streets.
This helps to keep the roads in overall good shape without
requiring the city to issue bonds for massive repaving project
like it has in the past. The city repaved about half its roads in
1998 and a third of the streets in a third of the city in 2006.
49 | P a g e
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Thus, approximately fifteen percent of city streets have not been
repaved in over seventeen years.
opportunity for a Rails-to-trails project. Rails-to-trails projects have
become popular throughout the country
The City also needs to explore gaining four lane access to the city.
Kosciusko is accessible by five Mississippi State Highways, 12, 14, 19,
35 and 43, none of these have four lanes. Kosciusko is one of a hand
full of cities in Mississippi without four land access. The Mississippi
Department of Transportation’s (MDOT) Vision 21 transportation
plan called for the widening both Highway 35 and Highway 12 to four
lanes. This plan was formulated in 2002 with the section of Highway
12 between Kosciusko and Interstate 55 listed as an immediate need
and the remainder of Highway 35 and Highway 12 as a mid-range
need. Thirteen years later none of the proposals have been
implemented. The City of Kosciusko should work with MDOT, state
officials and state legislatures to implement at least a portion of these
plan. Kosciusko gaining four lane access is not only a positive
transportation goal but could be a game-changing economic
development tool moving forward.
Pedestrian
Kosciusko has developed as an automobile-centric city. This has
caused neglect in its pedestrian systems. Most of Kosciusko’s
sidewalks are located in the central business district or near schools.
The sidewalks in the central business district are in the best
condition. Sidewalks in other areas of the city are in various
conditions ranging from good to disrepair. Some of the sidewalks
could easily be repaired, while others need replacement.
Bicycle
Cycling is a transportation mode that is unrepresented in Kosciusko.
From 2000 to 2010 the United States Census reported that cycling
had doubled as a primary mode of transportation. This trend is likely
to continue as more and more cities invest in cycling infrastructure.
Many bicycling improvements can be made with low cost efforts.
Bike lanes can be added to many existing streets and “Share the
Road” signs can be placed where dedicated bike lanes cannot be
placed. Gauging interest in biking in Kosciusko would be the first step
in determining if bike lanes and signs are needed.
Bicycling is becoming increasingly popular among urban residents
even in small towns. Currently, Kosciusko has no bicycling lanes or
trails. The Parks Department has expressed interest (See Chapter
Seven) in adding a multi-use path. The abandonment of the Kosciusko
and Southern Railway, to be discussed later in this chapter, offers an
Sidewalks and other pedestrian paths have become more popular,
but not necessarily as a transportation option to and from home,
school, and work. They have become popular for recreational use for
jogging, running and walking. This is one way to help fight the obesity
epidemic that is hitting the United States and Mississippi. The Center
for Disease Control and Prevention reports that 34.6% of
Mississippians are obese, which is more than a third of the
population. Improving the current sidewalks and adding new ones
could play roll in Kosciusko and Mississippi becoming less obese.
Improving the current sidewalks and adding new ones could help
fight the obesity problem and provide citizen with a new way to move
about Kosciusko. Even though the central business district contains
sidewalks in good condition, they are mainly used by the local
businesses’ customers’ to walk to and from their parking spots. Not
many people use them as transportation from nearby
neighborhoods. This is due to many residential neighborhoods not
having sidewalks. Pedestrian travel from most neighborhoods would
require walking on the street beside traffic, a situation that is not safe
for pedestrians or vehicular traffic. Additional sidewalks would allow
for increased and safer pedestrian traffic in the city.
However, sidewalk construction on existing streets can be expensive
and time consuming. Adding sidewalks could require the acquisition
50 | P a g e
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of right-of-way, construction of curb and gutter, and construction of
sub-terrain drainage, as well as other issues. The expensive cost that
would be associated with adding sidewalks makes it imperative that
as new development occurs sidewalks be required. Amending or
adopting a new subdivision regulation to reflect this would be
required. It would also be imperative that the city enforce the new
subdivision regulations.
An additional pedestrian opportunity would also exist in the
abandoned Kosciusko and Southern Railway. This unused railroad
corridor would be a perfect fit for a rails to trails project reminiscent
of the Oxford Depot Trail, Tanglefoot Trail or Longleaf Trail. These
trails range from one mile to forty plus miles. The Rails-to-Trails
Conservancy has provided assistance in constructing these projects
nationwide.
Railroad Corridors
Currently, Kosciusko has no rail service of any kind. The Illinois
Central Railroad at one time owned and operated the railroad in
Kosciusko but abandoned and later sold the railroad to the
Mississippi Department of Transportation (MDOT). MDOT in turn
leased the railroad to the Kosciusko and Southern Railway which
operated it until early 2014. The Kosciusko and Southern Railway
originally serviced woodyards along its twenty-one mile long stretch
and later turned to storing railcars on the line. The Kosciusko and
Southern Railway abandoned the lease with MDOT after the Grenada
Railway had to temporarily abandon a portion of its line to make
bridge repairs. The Grenada Railway was Kosciusko and Southern
Railway’s only connection to the national railroad network. When in
operation the Kosciusko and Southern Railway was exclusively a
freight railway that supplied locations in Attala and Holmes Counties.
No passenger rail service exists in Kosciusko; the nearest Amtrak
station is in Greenwood.
General Recommendations
The following recommendations are true for any Comprehensive
Plan and are accepted planning practices across the state and
country.
 Future streets have been “reserved” by mapping them on the
Future Land Use and Transportation Plan. This way the City
may not allow development to occur on planned right-ofways. Enforcement of this legislation is accomplished
through the use of the Subdivision Regulations and by
refusing building permits that encroach in mapped right-ofways.
 In exchange for development rights, developers of new
subdivisions should be required to make road improvements
because of the increased road usage caused by the
development. This should take the form of creating roads
where none exist, paving gravel roads, improving narrow
width roads, dedicating right-of-way for the existing road if
none exists, dedicating additional right-of-way for expansion,
and/or potentially adding lanes to congested roads.
 Existing roads should be extended to connect into new
adjacent developments and each new development should
build some roads to the edge of the property so that adjacent
properties can continue “neighborhood building.”
Interconnected areas provide better and safer access for
emergency vehicles and help minimize developments of a
certain size.
 Keep private streets to a minimum and ensure that they are
built to County standards and maintained.
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Chapter Seven: Community Facilities Plan
Figure 7.1: Kosciusko City Hall
Community facilities are locations and services usually
provided by a local government but also may be provided by a
private enterprise. Some examples of community facilities
include public schools, fire stations and fire protection,
libraries, parks, cemeteries, water and sewer service, solid
waste disposal, ambulance service, police protection, court
systems, etc. Providing a brief inventory and analysis of the
existing services in Kosciusko will be beneficial when planning
for the future. This information will also assist in developing
goals and objectives for improving the variety and quality of
services currently provided and can be used as support for
developing a plan for future capital improvements.
General Government Operations
The City of Kosciusko is served by six (6) elected officials. Those
officials are the mayor and five (5) aldermen. Four of the
aldermen are elected by districts and another is elected atlarge. Day-to-day business of the city is handled by the mayor’s office
and the city clerk’s office. The city clerk’s office is also responsible for
financial duties, record keeping, elections, and a variety of other
tasks that serve the citizens of Kosciusko. Kosciusko City Hall is
located on the northeast corner of East Washington Street and North
Huntington Street. At the current time the City’s administration has
the building and tools to adequately serve the citizens of Kosciusko.
However, the city should perform a regular assessment of the
capacity and functionality of all administration facilities.
City Courts
The City Courts share space in the police station with the police
department and Emergency 911. Both the city courts and police
department are in need of more space. That space could be provided
by moving the E911 dispatchers to another location. This is also the
best solution since the E911 services are a shared resource between
the Attala County and Kosciusko. Moving E911 services to new
location would provide plenty of space for both the courts and police
department.
The city courts are also in need of phone system updates. The current
phone system does not allow for the internal transfer of calls to
others within the police station building. If a call comes into the
wrong phone the caller must be given the correct number to call and
told to call that number. The courts could also use an additional
phone line. At this time these are the only known needs to maintain
the day-to-day services of the city courts. City officials should,
however, continually monitor the function and efficiency of its
departments to plan for any additions or improvements that may be
necessary.
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Cemetery Department
The city cemetery department will soon need to expand to continue
to have burial space in the future. As the cemetery is expanded two
new personnel will be need to keep up with the maintenance that
will be required in the expanded cemetery. It is also the goal of the
cemetery department to provide more than just the gridded burial
sections that many cemeteries provide. To help with the layout and
landscaping of a new cemetery, the city should consider hiring a
landscape architect to help carrying out these visions. Currently, the
department is not in need of any equipment, but this, like the
personnel needs, should be monitored to allow for planning for any
additions or improvements that may be necessary.
Code Enforcement/Building Inspection Department
Currently the City of Kosciusko has several adopted land use controls
as well as codes. The Zoning Ordinance was adopted on December
19, 2006; the Subdivision Regulations was adopted on May 2, 1995
and the Sign Ordinance was adopted on September 4, 2001. Along
with those ordinances they have adopted the following codes:
International Building Code, 2012; International Existing Building
Code, 2012; International Residential Code, 2012; International
Plumbing Code, 2012; International Fuel Gas Code, 2012;
International Mechanical Code, 2012; and International Property
Maintenance Code, 2012. These ordinances and codes are enforced
by the building official in consultation with the city engineer when
needed.
This department is a one man operation that addresses complaints
from citizens as necessary. A large portion of this departments time
is spent logging complaints and filing paperwork on an antiquated
filing system that makes discovering repeat offenders difficult.
Updating this system to modern codes software would help the
efficiency of the department greatly. Currently, the building official
notes the violation and files it away, with the code software the
violation would be noted in the computer and easily found if a repeat
occurred. The best solution for updating the code violation system
would be to add code software to the office computer and provide
the building official with a laptop with the code software on it too.
This could be broken into a two part process of adding the code
software to the office and at a later date adding the mobile platform.
As it stands currently the zoning and sign ordinances have conflicts
with one another. The zoning ordinance allows thirty-five feet tall
signs while the sign ordinance allows for eight foot tall signs. Several
options are possible to resolve this conflict. Documents could be
drafted from scratch, one documented could be amended to match
the other, or a unified development code could replace the zoning
and sign ordinances and the subdivision regulations. The city’s
subdivision regulations were last updated in 1995 and the twentyplus year old document has began showing its weaknesses. The
current subdivision regulations are weak on infrastructure
improvement to be made to a subdivided land, leaving the city to
make repairs to substandard streets, water and sewer lines, et
cetera.
Kosciusko has done a great job of keeping its codes up to date. The
International Building Code, Existing Building Code, International
Residential Code, International Plumbing Code, International Fuel
Gas Code, International Mechanical Code and International Property
Maintenance Code have all been adopted as the 2012 edition. The
International Code Council typically releases updates to their group
of recommended codes every two years, so another update should
be available some time in 2014. Continually adoption and
enforcement of these codes help to ensure public safety and help
keep the city’s fire rating low. These codes should be updated as
deemed necessary by the building inspector and the Mississippi State
Ratings Bureau.
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DRAFT
Fire Department
The City of Kosciusko consists of a professional fire department
operating one fire station. The fire station is located southwest of the
intersection of Pilsudski Street and North Jackson Street. The
department is staffed by professional firefighters. The department
has three pumper trucks and one fire and rescue truck.
Mississippi State Rating Bureau (MSRB) is a non-profit corporation
that has leadership and membership comprised of the insurance
companies that write fire protection policies. MSRB provides services
related to the grading of public fire protection and services related to
insurance rates in the state of Mississippi. MSRB has graded the City
of Kosciusko a Class 6 fire rating. The inspection system is based on a
point schedule with credit given in several categories related to fire
fighting and protecting property from fire damage. These categories
include the age of firefighting equipment, the quantity of water
available to fight fires, the number of firefighters responding as an
average per call, and the distance the firefighting equipment must
travel in order to reach a fire (run distance).
1. Strengthen the water distribution system so that at least
3,500 gpm would be available in commercial areas at a
residual pressure of twenty pounds and 100 gpm would be
available in residential areas at a residual pressure of twenty
pounds. We suggest that this be done under the advice and
supervision of competent engineering personnel.
2. Begin and maintain an annual inspection and operation
program of all gate valves in the water distribution system.
This would ensure that all could be found and that they are
open. All valves should be located and recorded with legible
records kept of all inspections and repairs.
3. Provide fire hydrants where spacing is excessive.
4. Provide auxiliary engines, such as gasoline, diesel, propane
or natural gas powered, on enough pumps so that you would
maintain a pumping capacity at least equal to the maximum
daily water consumption rate. This would be very
Figure 7. 2: Kosciusko Fire Station
City officials should conduct a regular assessment of all fire
protection equipment and maintain equipment and facilities in a
manner that only improves the class rating. Fire trucks and other
types of fire equipment may have a specific lifespan for
recommended operation. A program to replace and upgrade the
equipment and apparatus which has aged beyond its useful life
should be developed.
The City should work with the Mississippi State Rating Bureau to
determine facility and equipment requirements to maintain and/or
improve the current rating of Class 6. A letter entailing what is
needed to obtain a Class 5 rating is located in Appendix A but a
summary follows.
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Source(s): City of Kosciusko; Mississippi State
Ratings Bureau; Mississippi Automated; Resource
Information System (MARIS); U.S. Census Bureau
TIGER Line Files; U.S. National Parks Service.
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DRAFT
critical in the event of failure of normal electric power supply.
5. Increase the on-duty fire department personnel so that there
would be a minimum of five firefighters on duty at all time.
Maintain an average response of twelve to fourteen welltrained volunteers to structure fires inside the city.
6. Continue to improve and maintain a vigorous training
program for all firefighters. Well-trained firefighters are a
vital part of your fire defenses. Schools held by outside
instructors are encouraged as well as interdepartmental
training. All volunteer firefighters should complete the
volunteer certification class offered by the State Fire
Academy.
7. Adopt and provide for the strict enforcement of a modern
Building Code, Gas Code, Mechanical Code, Electrical and
Fire Prevention Code. Enforcement of these Codes would be
provided through the receipt of applications, issuing of
permits and inspections by a competent inspector under
municipal control. Records of these operations would include
filing of the forms and notes of the inspector as he makes
inspections with any follow-up enforcement needed.
Lowering the fire rating can save some homeowners money on their
home insurance, and it is a positive indicator for new business and
industry seeking to locate in the city. To improve the fire rating, the
City should develop a specific plan based upon the deficiencies cited
by the Mississippi State Rating Bureau, and then consult with the
rating bureau before implementing the plan.
In addition to making upgrades to lower the city’s fire rating several
other projects need to take place to improve or maintain the current
level of service. One such project is the addition of a training building
in the city. The city already owns a lot across from the fire station that
would be a great location for training building. The city also needs to
upgrade to a digital radio system to ensure proper communications
during an emergency situation. In addition to the digital upgrade an
additional 100ft radio tower could be added to the fire station to
create a redundancy to ensure proper communications during an
emergency situation.
Fire truck replacement is an expense that you almost always know is
coming years in advance. The Mississippi Ratings Bureau certifies
custom fire trucks for twenty years plus a recertification of five years
after the initial certification. Standard trucks are certified for fifteen
years plus a recertification of five years. The city has three trucks and
two of them will need to be replaced in the next seven years. The
1993 Spartan Custom Pumper is due to be replaced in 2018 and the
2001 E-One Pumper is due to be replaced in 2021. The 2008 Pierce
Custom Pumper is not due to be replaced until 2033, a time near the
horizon of this plan. A decrease in the fire ratings and these few
projects will keep Kosciusko Fire Department in good shape for years
to come.
Kosciusko Light and Water
Kosciusko Light and Water provide electricity and water to most of
the residents of Kosciusko and is operated under a separate board
and budget. The City of Kosciusko provides its citizens with sewer
service but the fee for sewer service is collected by the Kosciusko
Light and Water on the normal utility bill.
Kosciusko’s electrical grid is in good shape and should not need any
major improvement in the next twenty to twenty-five years, baring a
large industrial development. The one improvement that could be
made to both the electrical and water meters is the addition of
automated meters. Automated meters would increase meter readers
work efficiency. It is estimated that is would cost $2.0 to $2.5 million
dollars.
Water service, on the other hand, has several issues that will need to
be addressed. Two water wells will need to be rebuilt in the next
56 | P a g e
DRAFT
twenty to twenty-five years at a cost of $100,000 each. In the future
Figure 7. 3: Kosciusko Light and Water Building
the water tower along Highway 19 may need a Class B water
treatment plant and an additional half million gallon per minute well.
The treatment plant will cost $1.5 to $2.0 million, and the water well
will cost $700,000 to $800,000. An additional water tower is needed
in the southwestern portion of the city and will cost an additional $1
million.
Water lines throughout the city need to be replaced due to being too
small. Those lines should be upgraded as they are identified and as
it is fiscally possible. Undersized lines are not only an issue with
providing water to homes but also for providing fire protection.
Undersized lines hinder fire protection and put the public safety at
risk. Lines in the industrial park are severely undersize for any
industrial use that could potentially be used in the park and
upgrading these could go a long way in helping recruit employers to
the site.
The Light and Water Department could use a new building. The
current location has become crowed and unusable without upgrades
or replacement. The proposition of relocating the Light and Water
Department and moving the E-911 services into the current location
and would alleviate space issues at the Light and Water Department
and the Police Department.
Parks and Recreation Department
The City of Kosciusko provides residents with five city parks offering
various recreational opportunities. Jason Niles Park is located
between Knox Road and Lucas Street. This park offers a playground,
tennis courts, splash pad, pavilions and a walking trail. Redbud
Springs Park is located on the corner of South Natchez Street and East
Monroe Street. This is the city’s smallest park. This park offers
benches and fountain. It also contains a bronze statue of Tadaeuz
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Well = $700,000 to $800,000
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DRAFT
Kosciuszko. Hugh Ellard Park is located on the corner of South
Natchez Street and Love Road. This park offers nine baseball and
softball fields, a flag football field, a soccer field, concession stands,
pavilion and
Figure 7. 4: Hugh P. Ellard Memorial Park
picnic area and a walking trail. This park also houses the Parks and
Recreation Director’s office. Northside Park is located on 4th Avenue
behind Kosciusko Upper Elementary School. This park offers three
baseball and softball fields, basketball fields, concession stands,
pavilion and a walking trail. Apanaug Park is located on West
Jefferson Street. This park offers a playground, basketball courts, a
practice ball fields and picnic area.
In addition to providing parks the city has recreational sports leagues.
These recreations sports leagues are ran independent of the city. The
city only provides the facilities for those sports to take place. The city
has sports leagues that offer boys’ baseball, girls’ softball, youth flag
Figure 7. 5: Jason Niles Park
football, soccer and tennis. No city funds are used to fund these
programs; all programs are self-sufficient with the exception of youth
flag football. The expansion of these sports offerings to the adult
leagues would be beneficial to the community. Getting people active
will improve their health and the community’s health; this is
especially true in the most obese state in the union. The offering of
adult sports leagues could help generate some revenue for the parks
department.
The parks department also host several traveling baseball and
softball tournaments throughout the year. Hosting these
tournaments not only generate funds for the parks department but
also generate business at hotels, restaurants, shops, et cetera. Hiring
a Parks Program Coordinator could help recruit and attract other
tournaments to Kosciusko. This position could also help coordinate
with the existing children’s leagues and be a starting block for getting
the adult leagues running.
59 | P a g e
DRAFT
In an effort to attract more torments and expand sports offerings the
city should add more ball fields. Four fields at Hugh Ellard Park would
increases the number of fields from nine to twelve. One field would
be converted to parking for the four new fields. The addition of four
fields would require the city to acquire more land for Hugh Ellard
Park. The acquisition of new land would allow for the expansion of
other park services as well.
parallel to Interstate 55 has also been abandoned. Rails-to-trails is a
non-profit with a nationwide mission to create a network of trails on
abandoned rail line and could be a great resource for the city if they
decided to pursue turning the Illinois Central Railroad to a multiuse
trail.
In addition to the ball fields the city would like to add recreational
vehicle hookups, an open air pavilion and other possible uses. The
recreation vehicle hookups are intended to be used for visitors that
come to town for tournaments. They could also be rented out when
a tournament is not in town to help generate more funds for parks.
The open air pavilion would be added to host events like company
picnics, family reunions and other gatherings.
The City of Kosciusko Police Department consists of twenty sworn
officers, eleven dispatchers and one state certified correctional
officer. The department is separated in to six divisions:
Administration, Investigations, Patrol, School Resources, Community
Services and Dispatch.
There are also other recreational opportunities that the city should
explore adding to its recreations line up. The city has expressed
interest in adding an additional splash pad much like the one in Jason
Niles Park to another park in the city. These are great replacements
to city pools as they require less maintenance and staff to operate.
The city would also benefit from adding disc golf courses to a city park
or multiple city parks. Disc golf operates much like regular golf but
with a Frisbee instead of golf ball and clubs. The sport has a much
lower financial entry point than traditional golf and the same health
benefits of walking the nine or eighteen hole course. One or several
course could be added to city parks at a cost of around $15,000 per
eighteen holes.
Police Department
The police department is located near the southwest corner of West
Adams Street and North Madison Street. A firing and training range
that is utilized by the department is located on Attala Road 1221.
Currently, the police station is undergoing renovations so there is no
need to upgrade or expand the facility, itself, at the moment. The
Figure 7. 6: Kosciusko Police Station and City Courts
The city would also benefit from the addition of a multiuse path.
Multiuse paths have become popular reuse of flood prone areas, old
road beds and old train tracks. Multiuse paths provide residents with
a location to walk, run or bike with limited interaction with
automobile traffic. The abandoned Illinois Central Railroad runs
through the center of town and could be a great multiuse trail. This
is especially true since the main Illinois Central Railroad line that runs
60 | P a g e
DRAFT
Police Department should continually evaluate their need for
expansion or facility improvements at the police station. However,
space is limited in the police station and shared between the city
courts, police and 911. Moving 911, a joint city-county office, to
another location will alleviate the space concerns of the police
department. Moving the 911 team out of the police station should be
a short term priority for the city and the police department. Other
facility upgrades are needed, but they are minor compared to the
space concerns. The computer system and surveillance system both
need to be updated to meet current demand and safety concerns.
The department is also in need of some more standard police
equipment. Pistols and bullet proof vest are among those needs that
are most essential to day to day police operations. In addition, the
police department needs to outfit 2 cruisers with vehicle cameras
and needs to replace and upgrade the interior surveillance system at
the police station. Patrol cars are vital to the operation of any police
force. Adding an new patrol car for six consecutive years would allow
the department to reach a one to one officer to patrol unit ratio. This
has several benefits that include accumulating less mileage, better
maintained and the longevity of the unit. A one to one patrol car ratio
allows patrolmen to make their car their own and they take better
care of it. The investigator unit also needs to replace one vehicle. In
addition to the new cars the police department needs an increase in
their vehicle maintenance budget to care for their aging fleet.
Public School Facilities
The Kosciusko School District is like all other school districts in the
State of Mississippi in that it is a separate entity from local
governments. The district has its own board that governs the district.
The board has its own budgets and set its own millage rates to fund
the budget. The School District not only serves Kosciusko but much
of the central Attala County as well.
The Kosciusko School District is home to Kosciusko Lower
Elementary, Kosciusko Middle Elementary, Kosciusko Upper
Elementary, Kosciusko Junior High School, and Kosciusko Senior High
School and serves approximately 2,160 students. Kosciusko School
District is one of the top 10 school districts in the State of Mississippi.
That is a great plus to the City as the schools could draw residents to
the area and cities tend to go as the school system goes.
Figure 7. 7: Kosciusko Junior High School
In addition to the equipment and vehicles, the department could use
two dedicated drug officers. Currently, the investigator units cannot
keep up with drug related cases and can use the officers to
investigate those crimes. The officers would also be able to work with
outside agencies on drug enforcement issues. At the present time
this is the only increase in manpower that is needed, but the Police
Chief should continually assess and address any manpower or
equipment needs.
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DRAFT
The School District has recognized that their need for space exceeds
their current capacity. In response, they recognize the need to create
a strategic plan to address those needs. At the present time, Spring
of 2015, all schools have reached their maximum capacity. The school
district also recognizes the need to focus on those in the community
that are poverty stricken. The bottom twenty-five percent are likely
to stay in the community instead of moving to other locals. These
citizens are going to be the key to a prosperous community for years
to come as they will be contributing to the local work force right out
of high school. These students need to be prepared to contribute in
this way.
Even with a lack of space the school district is in an overall good
condition. In the future, the school system wishes to expand
educational opportunities to early childhood development by
developing a more extensive pre-k program. A big portion of the
schools’ budget/duties is providing transportation to the students.
The school district manages to accomplish this by purchasing a bus
every one to two years, and those buses usually last twelve to fifteen
years. Technology is becoming more and more important to the
education process. As a part of expanding technology the school
system recognizes the need to implement district wide Wi-Fi. The
school district expects this to cost about $300,000.
For the purposes of this plan, the City of Kosciusko is encouraged to
continually communicate with the school district regarding growth
and development and the betterment of the schools. To the extent
possible, Kosciusko should monitor the spatial needs of the school
district and work to achieve those needs through the City’s
development approval process. It is important that as school building
programs are implemented, school facilities remain within the city
limits or within close proximity to the city limits to allow for the
delivery of services.
Public Works & Streets Department
The Kosciusko Public Works Department is responsible for a variety
of services including street maintenance, right-of-way upkeep, debris
removal, and mosquito control. The City of Kosciusko’s Public Works
Department is split into two departments: the Streets and
Wastewater Department. The Wastewater Department will be
discussed in to following section. The Wastewater and Streets
Department operate out of a shared facility located at 640 West
Jefferson Street. Currently the greatest need is a remodel to the
Public Works Building. The facility is in poor condition and could use
a façade update facing the street. This could be done through a
complete remodel or new construction depending needs of the
department.
The Streets Department’s biggest need is to establish a routine
maintenance plan for paving city streets. In the past the city has taken
out bond to cover mass repaving projects in the city. This requires the
City to take out large amount of debt at one time and leaves roads to
deteriorate until the next time this process happens. The City should
adopt, with the help of an engineer, a routine maintenance cycle for
roadway improvements. This could be done over a fifteen of twenty
year period. This will defer the cost of road improvement over that
time instead of large one time payments. This approach also help
keep the overall transportation network in good working order.
As a city, Kosciusko has managed to thrive even without four lane
access. It is one of a hand full of cities in Mississippi without four land
access. The Mississippi Department of Transportation’s (MDOT)
Vision 21 transportation plan called for the widening both Highway
35 and Highway 12 to four lanes. This plan was formulated in 2002
with the section of Highway 12 between Kosciusko and Interstate 55
listed as an immediate need and the remainder of Highway 35 and
Highway 12 as a mid-range need. Thirteen years later none of the
proposals have been implemented. The City of Kosciusko should
62 | P a g e
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KOSCIUSKO
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City of Kosciusko
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DRAFT
work with MDOT, state officials and state legislatures to implement
at least a portion of these plan. Kosciusko gaining four lane access is
not only a positive transportation goal but could be a game changing
economic development tool moving forward.
The City also has several smaller Street Department goals that need
to be obtained to improve the quality of life in the city’s
neighborhoods. Gilliland Street has gained a reputation as a roller
coaster due to the poor construction of a concrete street. If a
concrete street is constructed correctly there is nothing better and
they will last forever. When poorly constructed you have Gilliland
Street. It will cost approximately $1.0 million to repair Gilliland Street
and include a complete rebuild of the street from the subsurface
drainage to new asphalt.
The city is only plagued with two drainage issues. Knox Road and
North Madison Street both have drainage issues. Both of these
streets will require engineering work to determine the proper fixes.
The work on Knox Road will also include a widening project to
improve access to residences and community facilities located on the
road.
As additional development occurs, it may become necessary for
Kosciusko to acquire additional personnel and equipment to perform
public works functions. At a minimum, city officials should schedule
out the age of existing equipment and prepare to replace it at the end
of its useful life.
Solid Waste/Sanitation Department
The City of Kosciusko contracts out garbage pickup to Waste
Management. Waste Management removes garbage from
residences once a week for a monthly fee of eighteen dollars.
Commercial entities are responsible for making their own
arrangements for trash removal or have the option of using citycontracted removal for eighteen dollars per can.
A portion of the monthly fee is used by the city, which picks up
rubbish and yard debris. This rubbish and yard debris is disposed of
at the City’s natural vegetation landfill, if possible. At the current time
the City’s natural vegetation landfill is expected to be able to handle
the City needs for the life of this plan. City officials should, however,
continually monitor the function and efficiency of this department to
plan for any additions or improvements that may be necessary.
Wastewater Department
The City of Kosciusko provides sanitary sewer services to all parts of
the city and even some areas outside of the city. This is currently the
only utility handled by the city. Year ago the city formed Kosciusko
Light and Water that provides water and electricity to the city under
the direction of an independent board. The city should study and
consider transferring the Wastewater Department to Kosciusko Light
and Water. Kosciusko Light and Water currently helps the city by
billing for sewer service. This transition should not lead to the
elimination of any jobs as wastewater employees could transfer to
Kosciusko Light and Water.
The city maintains two wastewater treatment facility which have the
capacity for future growth. City officials should monitor closely the
capacities of the sewage utility systems and anticipate necessary
improvements. System wide indications have been made that
approximately 70% of the sewer system is in need of updating the
existing system. Rehabbing the 70% of Kosciusko’s 450,000 feet of
lines would cost around $16.0 million at $50 a foot.
The city has several less costly projects that need to be completed as
well. The fourteen-inch collector line along Dye Ditch is in need of
replacement and is expected to cost $1.7 million. The sever line along
Knox Road is also in need of replacement, at a cost of $416,000. The
lift station east of the Natchez Trace is in need of replacement at an
expected cost of $250,000. Additionally, all of the
64 | P a g e
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Rd
City of Kosciusko
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S East St
Moore St
Presley St
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St
Valley Rd
Yates St
Tipton St
Allen St
E South St
so n
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Glendale Ave
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DRAFT
city’s lift stations will need to be rebuilt every ten to fifteen years due
to the very nature of their function, at anticipated cost of $130,000
each.
In addition to these system upgrades, the department will need to
replace equipment. In 2019, the department will need to replace its
vac truck and in 2017 or 2018 the city will need to replace a backhoe.
The city should continually monitor the department’s need for
personnel and equipment, as well as monitoring any major repairs or
rehabilitation the sewer system may need.
Animal Control Department
Currently, the Animal Control Department operates out of a substandard facility. The current facility is made out of chain link fence
and has a tin roof. This type of facility leaves the animals to
experience the elements, be it extreme heat or cold as there is no
central heating or air. This department’s only need is to construct an
indoor animal shelter that will improve conditions for the animals
and provide a higher level of service from the department. Like all
other city departments, the city should continually monitor the need
for additional personnel and equipment.
Industrial Parks
Kosciusko and the planning area have two industrial parks. The MidMississippi Eco Park is located within the City Limits of Kosciusko and
Kosciusko-Attala County Industrial Park is located about a mile north
of Kosciusko. Kosciusko-Attala County Industrial Park has a total of
145 acres with only twenty acres still available for development. This
industrial park has all utilities in place and they are provided by
electric by Central Electric Cooperative Association, natural gas by
Atoms Energy, water by Kosciusko Water and Light, and sewer by the
City of Kosciusko. Kosciusko-Attala County Industrial Park does not
have rail service and is only accessible by 2 lane state highways.
Mid Mississippi Eco Park has a total of 224 acres and none is currently
developed. This industrial park has all utilities in place or adjacent to
the property and they are provided by: electric by Central Electric
Cooperative Association, Entergy or Tennessee Valley Authority;
natural gas by Mississippi Valley Gas; water by Kosciusko Water and
Light; and sewer by the City of Kosciusko. Mid-Mississippi Eco Park is
without rail service and in only accessible by 2 lane state highways.
Another hindrance to its development is a United States Economic
Development Administration restrictions placed on potential
industries locating in the industrial park. Those restrictions are set to
expire in 2018. The restrictions set controls for pollution, waste and
the efficient sharing of resources with the goal of achieving
sustainable development. There is a possibility that this site could be
used by Holmes County Community College for Commercial Drivers
License education program.
Other Community Facilities
The City of Kosciusko has a couple of unique community faculties.
One that the city owns and one that it does not. The Strand Theater
is a city-owned facility. In 2013 the City of Kosciusko completed a
$133,000 project to restore the façade and reroof the facility. That
project was funded by the Mississippi Arts Commission. The façade
and reroofing project only rehabbed the exterior of the structure.
The interior still needs an estimated $1.0 million worth of work
before the facility is habitable. Even with a completed facility, the
Strand Theater does not have a use, but a useable community facility
could add value though number possible functions.
66 | P a g e
DRAFT
The Oprah Winfrey Boys and Girls Club of Kosciusko/Attala County is
another important community facility that is not owned by the city.
In 2006, the Boys and Girl Club opened a new 32,000 square foot
facility with computer labs, a music room, art center, a library and a
gymnasium. The Boys and Girl Club provides after-school and
summer programming that offers youths an opportunity to realize
their own strengths and use them as a foundation for successful,
productive lives.
Figure 7. 8: Attala County Oprah Winfrey Boys and Girls Club
Figure 7. 9: Strand Theater
67 | P a g e
24 5
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DRAFT
Chapter Eight: Implementation and Plan Maintenance
Implementation tools
Annexation Study
Annexations are performed to replenish land inventory, guide
development along the city’s fringe, provide essential city services,
and protect the city’s social and economic vitality. Portions of the
planning area could certainly benefit from essential city services such
as police and fire protection, land use controls, and subdivision
regulations. A typical annexation study includes a demographic
analysis, land use analysis, and a financial analysis estimating
revenues and expenditures anticipated from the annexation study
area. Information gathered during an annexation study equips city
leaders to make an informed decision regarding specific areas to
consider for annexation and the future of the overall community.
Annual Budget
Specific goals, actions, or decisions are usually discussed and
recommended during the city’s annual budget process. This is the
time when elected officials determine if the city has the funds and
budget to proceed with certain items for implementation. This can
vary from funding for specific Plan elements or services to staff or
man-power assistance in order to follow through with Plan goals.
Incorporating the Comprehensive Plan into the annual budget
process can ensure that needs and goals outlined here are at least
being reviewed and considered for implementation by elected
officials.
Architectural Design Standards
Architectural design standards help enhance the aesthetic character
of the community and promote a more sustainable community, while
protecting property values and preserving heritage. The standards
provide the community with information on the quality of
architectural design expected without advocating a particular
architectural style.
Building, Construction and Fire Codes
Construction, building and fire codes -- including electrical,
mechanical, plumbing, etc. -- provide a standard upon which to build
safe structures. Adoption of up-to-date versions of the International
Building Code and International Property Maintenance Code will
greatly assist Kosciusko in efforts to ensure safe housing and safe
buildings. However, with the adoption of such codes comes the
responsibility to make inspections to assure that the codes are being
complied with.
Capital Improvements Program (CIP)
A Capital Improvement Program (CIP) is a budgeting tool that outlines
proposed public investments or roadway improvements over a
specific timeline. A CIP is usually established and projects costs for
various investments over a five-year period. This method or other
similar methods are effective ways to plan for major capital
investments. It clearly identifies the investment goals of the city and
can alleviate monetary stresses if projects are spaced over a certain
period of time.
Day-to-day Policy Enforcement
For Kosciusko many of the goals and strategies involve setting or
updating policies and then enforcing the policy. This usually involves
city staff processing the reports that have been given to, or identified
by, the elected officials. Kosciusko will need to develop some
capacity for day-to-day policy enforcement in order to raise the levels
of service.
Intergovernmental Agreements
Intergovernmental agreements between local government entities
can help to spread the burden of certain services by sharing some
responsibility to benefit the community as a whole. This
69 | P a g e
DRAFT
comprehensive plan recommends no specific opportunities for
intergovernmental agreements. The use of this tool can be effective
and beneficial for the residents of Kosciusko.
Landscaping Ordinance
A landscape ordinance preserves the visual environment of a
community. They help improve the visual perception and image for
both residents and visitors. Landscaping can visually screen
undesirable features required in an urbanized landscape, protect
privacy of residents, and promote the community as one that cares
about its appearance. It can also improve the physical environment
of a community through using plants best suited to the climate,
improving drainage and enhancing air quality.
Sign Ordinance
A sign ordinance helps promote a positive visual perception by
reducing and managing the visual signage clutter that can result in a
unregulated community. Sign ordinances control the number, size,
height, type and placement of signs. The ordinance can also be
tailored to control temporary signage, billboards and other signage
issues. The overall goal of the ordinance is to help protect the existing
character of a community and to establish or enhance community
identity.
Subdivision Regulations
Subdivision Regulations control the process for division of land and
establish design standards for any improvements made to the
divided parcels. These regulations ensure that new property owners
of this subdivided land have adequate public services and that the
subdividers pay their share of construction cost for these services so
the city or existing residents are not burdened with the expense.
public safety hazards caused by unsightly conditions on properties.
The ordinance sets a community standard for maintenance of real
property which enhances property values and ensures that the rights
of all businesses and residents to privacy, safety and attractive
environment are respected.
Zoning Ordinances
Zoning is the regulation of land uses in certain locations; it is intended
to guide development into compatible land use patterns. Zoning
protects the individual land owners and preserves and establishes
the character of a community. The Future Land Use Map sets forth
some general land use categories but lacks the complexity of a Zoning
Code. A Zoning Code regulates items such as minimum lot size,
setbacks, building heights, locations of manufactured housing,
housing density, landscaping and parking. A Zoning Ordinance can be
tailored to the city’s specific objectives and goals.
Plan Maintenance
Amendments
This Plan, along with all of its elements, is intended to be a guide for
the long-term development of the city. Market conditions and major
investments made by others both have the ability to shift growth
patterns and influence land use in ways that was not anticipated by
the Comprehensive Plan. In order to deal with these various changes,
the city should setup up a process for any amendments to this Plan
or elements/maps within this Plan. It should also be noted that
multiple amendments can unintentionally alter the policies that this
Plan was based on; amendments should be limited and well justified.
Unkempt Property and Junk Automobile Ordinance
An unkempt property ordinance enhances the visual quality of a
community by controlling weed height, rubbish, junk and other
Plan Review and Future Updates
The Comprehensive Plan should be a dynamic document. Periodic
review and update of the Comprehensive Plan is essential in order to
accurately reflect the changes within the city. Yearly review is crucial
to keep the Plan current of any special topics or influences that will
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affect the city. Every three to five years is an adequate time for
review of major land use changes, but if drastic changes occur in the
City, a Plan review and update may be needed sooner than that.
During review, the Board of Supervisors, Planning Commission, or
Comprehensive Planning Committee should examine the success in
implementing the current before making any changes. After all
elements and goals and objectives have been updated as necessary,
a draft of the revised Plan must be viewed at a public hearing before
being adopted and incorporated into the Comprehensive Plan.
Summary of Needs/Projects by Department
The following section includes a list of all projects recommended in
this plan and an estimate of the cost of those projects. The list is
intended to be a quick reference guide to the projects recommended
by this plan not as a substitute for the text in the preceding Chapters.
The cost estimates provided are simply that, an estimate of the cost
of completion in 2015 and intend to only act as a guide to the project
cost. The table that follows includes a list of projects by city
department and the expected cost. If desired this summary list could
be used to create the basic framework of a Capital Improvements
Program for the City of Kosciusko.
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Animal Control
Expand animal shelter to indoor facility
Cost varies based on size of building
City Courts
Install new phone system
Add incoming phone line
$8,000
Additional monthly charge
Code Enforcement/ Building Inspection Department
Purchase codes software for office
Purchase laptop and codes software for building officials vehicle
Continue to update building, construction and fire codes as needed
Update Zoning Ordinance and Zoning Map to a parcel base system.
Update Sign Ordinance
Update Subdivision Regulations
$3,000 plus $1,500 a year maintenance cost
$5,000 plus $500 a year maintenance cost
Cost varies
Cost varies
Cost varies
Cost varies
Cemetery Department
Hire a landscape architect to layout new cemetery
Hire 2 Additional personnel who could be used when new expansion opens
Cost varies based on scope of work
$21,500 each
Fire Department
Replace Spartan Custom Pumper in 2018
Replace E-One Custom Pumper in 2021
Purchase new digital radio system including handhelds, mobiles, base station and
repeaters
100 ft radio tower at station
Work with Mississippi State Ratings Bureau to lower Fire Rating to a Class 5
$250,000
$350,000
$28,000
$10,000
Varies based on MSRB assessment
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Parks and Recreation Department
Add Program Coordinator to Parks staff
Add adult sports to offerings
Add 4 more ball fields.
Add open air pavilion at site of old city pool
Add a multi-use trail
Add RV hookups at Hugh Ellard Park
Add disc golf course
Add another splash pad
$24,000 to $32,000 or could be filled as parttime position
Cost could be offset with a user fee
$2.0 million
$3,000 plus depending on size
$700,000 per mile or $132 a linear foot
Cost varies based on number of hookups
$15,000
$75,000 to $250,000 based on design
Police Department
Purchase one new patrol unit for the next six years.
Purchase investigator vehicle
Purchase two Glocks 23 pistols
Purchase two Glocks 22 pistols
Purchase 2 Patrol Unit Cameras
Purchase Six Bullet Proof Vest
Install police department building surveillance system
Upgrade computer system
Increase patrol unit maintenance budget
Hire two drug enforcement officers
Relocate E-911 to allow for expansion of city court and police station
Hire phone operator for police department
$28,700 Each for a $172,200 Total
$18,500
$960
$960
$4,000
$4,200
$5,500
$7,200
$6,000
$45,000 each
Cost varies depending on arrangements made
for E-911
$21,500
Public Works
Remodel Department Building
Cost varies based on construction cost
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Streets Department
Develop paving program (repaving all street every 15 years)
Hire an engineer to study and develop a plan to alleviate the flooding issues on North
Madison Street
Widen Knox Road to improve access and drainage
Make improvements to Gilliland Street
$10,000,000 over 15 years or $670,000
annually
Cost varies based on engineering cost
$800,000
$1,000,000
Wastewater Department
Replace 14" collector line along Dye Ditch
Replace sewer line along Knox Road between HWY 43 and HWY 35
Replace lift station east of Natchez Trace
Replace Vac Truck in 2019
Replace Backhoe in 2017-2018
Normal rebuilds of 9 remaining lift stations
Rehab sewer lines
$1,700,000
$416,000
$200,000
$200,000
$80,000
$130,000 each
$16,000,000
Kosciusko Light and Water
Rebuild Water Well #6 Pump
Rebuild Water Well #8 Pump
Upgrade Kosiusko Light and Water building or relocate due to lake of space
Add a "Class B" water treatment plant to Hwy 19 water tank
Add water tank to Southwestern portion of the city.
Add water well at site of Hwy 19 water tank
Install automated metering infrastructure for reading water and electric meters
Replace undersized lines in industrial park area
$100,000
$100,000
Cost varies based on remodel or new
construction cost
$1.5M to $2.0M
$1.0 M
$700,000K to $800,000
$2.0M to $2.5M
Cost varies based on engineering and
construction cost
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Comprehensive Plan (2015-2035)

Transcription

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