Belleville Spring

Solon Belleville Springs®
Solon Flange Washers®
Solon Disc Springs®
Solon Manufacturing Co.
www.solonmfg.com
1
Section I
What is a Belleville Spring?
Section II
Applications of Belleville Springs
Section III
How to Select a Belleville Spring
2
What is a Belleville
Spring?
Section I
3
Typical Belleville Spring
OD
H
h
ID

Comprised of 5 Main Components
1. Outside Diameter
2. Inside Diameter
3. Material Thickness
4. Overall Height
5. Deflection or Movement (h)
Load/Deflection Curve
Other Multiple Load/ Deflection
Possibilities depending on the
design of the Belleville Spring
Typical Load Curve
for a
Belleville Spring
Single Belleville Spring
1500 lb. Flat Load
(Example)
1500
Load
1250
1000
750
500
0
0
10
15
Deflection
20
Belleville Spring
with 1500lb/6889kg Flat Load
No Load
0%
Flat
33%
0lbs/0kg
500lbs/227kg
66%
100%
1000lbs/454kg
1500lbs/680kg
Stacking Arrangements
of Solon Belleville Springs
Flat load, deflection, or both may be altered by stacking Belleville springs in
various arrangements
Single
Parallel
Specific load and deflection
Doubles load
No deflection increase
Series
Doubles deflection
No load increase
Parallel / Series
Doubles load
Doubles deflection
Deflection Chart
1250
Load
1000
750
500
250
0
0
20
40
Deflection
60
Load vs. Deflection (Theory)
LOAD vs DEFLECTION FOR SINGLE SPRING
20000
18000
16000
LOAD ( LBS )
14000
12000
10000
8000
6000
4000
2000
0
0
0.005
0.01
0.015
0.02
0.025
DEFLECTION (in)
0.03
0.035
0.04
Solon Specification Sheet
Load vs. Deflection (Reality)
LOAD / DEFLECTION CURVE
30000.0
25000.0
LOAD (LBS.)
20000.0
15000.0
10000.0
5000.0
0.0
0.000
0.005
0.010
0.015
0.020
DEFLECTION (IN.)
0.025
0.030
0.035
0.040
Typical Orientation
Belleville Spring
with
No Load
0%
Belleville Spring
Flat
100%
Applications of
Belleville Springs
Section II
16
Flange Live Loading
Why Do Bolted
Gasketed Joints Leak?
Selection Factors for Flange Washer
Materials
Operating
◦
Temperature
½ Process Temperature (non-insulated)
Gasket
Material
Gasket Stress/Bolt Stress
Environment
◦
Chlorides or Fluorides
Insulation
Flange Washer Materials

H-13 Tool Steel

17-7 PH Stainless Steel

Inconel 718

17-4, Waspaloy, Custom 450, etc.
Installation
Recommended for
non H-13 Applications
Recommended with
bolt tension
with high load
requirements
Installation Using Tensioning
Flange
Washers
Benefits to Using Flange Washers
1. Create a More Reliable Flange Assembly
◦ Even load distribution
◦ Maintains residual gasket/bolt load
2. Simplified Installation
◦ Can be used with any bolting technique (torque
wrench, tensioners, slug wrench)
Benefits to Using Flange Washers
3. Cost Savings
◦
◦
◦
◦
◦
◦
No need to hot tighten
Reusable
Longer gasket life
Lower fugitive emissions
Less down time
NO LEAKS !!!!!
Valve Live
Loading
with
Belleville
Springs
What is Valve Live Loading?
The addition of Belleville Springs
to the gland follower studs
maintains the packing load of
the valve.
Which Valves are Candidates for Live
Loading?

Frequently cycled valves

Operated valves (air or motor)

Critical applications

Safety or difficult location

History of packing leaks

Monitored valves
Reasons for Valve Leaks?

Wrong packing for the application

Bent, scored, or pitted valve stems

Improper packing installation

Infrequent use

Frequent or high cycles

Loss of Packing Load
34.5
5000
With
Live
Load
3000
20.7
Without
Live Load
0
5
10
In - Service Consolidation (%)
Packing Compressive Stress (MPa)
Packing Compressive Stress (PSI)
Live Loading Comparison
Alternative Installations
Alternative Installations
Other Live Loaded Areas
Live Loaded Bonnet
Belleville
Springs
Ball Valves
Live Loaded Ball Seat
Live Loaded
Gland
Seat Springs
How to Select a Belleville
Spring Application
Section III
33
Select Material

Considerations:

Bolt Material

Temperature

Environment

Application

Cost

Availability
17-7 PH Stainless Steel
ASTM A693


Most widely used
Operating temperature range
◦ -400ºF/-240ºC to 550ºF/288ºC

For indoor/outdoor service and corrosive
atmospheres
◦ NOT recommended for extreme chloride or fluoride
applications without plating or reduced stresses



Suitable for cryogenic applications
Highly magnetic
Available Sulfamate Nickel plated (AMS 2424D)
301 Stainless Steel
ASTM A666

Operating temperature range
◦ -400ºF/-240ºC to 550ºF/288ºC

For indoor/outdoor and corrosive atmospheres

Slightly magnetic

Finish: scale-free and deburred
Inconel 718
ASTM B637

Operating temperature range
◦ -400ºF/-240ºC to 1100ºF/593ºC

For high temperature or corrosive atmospheres

Indoor/outdoor service

Non-magnetic
H-13 Tool Steel
ASTM A681

Operating temperature range
◦ Ambient to 1100ºF/593ºC

For indoor/outdoor, high temperature service

Fully magnetic

Finish: machined & lightly oiled
Select the Correct Size

ID- Inside Diameter

OD- Outside Diameter

Stacking Constraints

Load
Questions We Will Ask
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Bolt Size
Bolt Material
Temperature
Environment
Application (valve, flange, other)
Size Constraints
Aim Preload
Fixture Screenshot
41
Thank you!
Solon Manufacturing Co.
www.solonmfg.com
The data presented here is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, it is the responsibility of the product user to make the
determination that any Solon product is suitable for use in specific applications. For a recommendation and more information, contact the
Solon Manufacturing engineering support team at [email protected] or 800.323.9717.
Copyright © 2015 Solon Manufacturing Company
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