Elastomer Compounds Chemical Compatibility

Transcription

A technical guide to
Elastomer Compounds
and
Chemical Compatibility
Precision Polymer Engineering Ltd
The contents of this document are confidential to and the copyright of Precision Polymer Engineering Limited (PPE). No use of all or any part
of this document or the designs, drawings, concepts, representations, specifications and ideas set out in this document can be reproduced
without the prior written permission of PPE nor may it be made available to any third party with a view to such third party carrying out work
based upon the contents of this document. © Precision Polymer Engineering Limited. May 2006. All rights reserved.
Contents
Precision Polymer Engineering Ltd
A Technical Guide to Elastomers
Contents
1
Introduction
4
2
Why use PPE?
5
3
PPE Services
6
Component design and computer modelling
6
Polymer materials consultancy and testing
7
Online seal selection resource for engineers
9
4
Perlast® high performance perfluoroelastomers
11
5
How to select the correct seal
12
6
Elastomer compound types & typical properties
14
Material temperature comparison graph
18
7
Industry specific elastomers
19
8
Elastomer trade names
22
9
Chemical compatibility guide
23
10
Elastomer terminology & definitions
47
11
O-ring groove design guidelines
52
12
O-ring moulding tolerances
54
13
International standard O-ring sizes
57
14
A-Z index
65
Introduction
Precision Polymer Engineering Limited
delivers elastomer sealing solutions to
the world’s leading industrial markets.
Industries in which PPE has supplied sealing
solutions include:
• Aerospace
• Bio-analytical
Founded in 1974, Precision Polymer Engineering Ltd
(PPE) has over 30 years experience in designing and
manufacturing high performance O-rings and
technical elastomer components.
• Chemical Processing
• Food, Dairy and Brewing
• Marine Diesel Engines
• Military / Defence
• Nuclear
With an unrivalled materials range of over 350
different compounds, PPE has an elastomer for
every application.
• Oil and Gas
• Pharmaceutical
• Power Generation
• Semiconductor
The combination of advanced materials, technical
expertise, rapid tooling, design and manufacturing
support services is unmatched in the sealing industry.
• Water
This guide describes the different types of
elastomer available, their typical characteristics
and chemical compatibility, plus factors to
consider when selecting an elastomer for a
particular sealing application.
• O-rings (0.25mm up to 2m diameter)
Seals and components any size, any geometry.
PPE can provide an infinite number and variety of
fully moulded parts including:
• Flat Seals & Gaskets
• Diaphragms
• Pipe Couplings
• Flanges
• ‘X’ rings
• Hygienic seals
• Inflatable seals
• Pneumatic seals
• Micro parts
• Bonded parts (onto metal or plastics)
• Fabric reinforced parts
• Composite parts
• Custom designed parts
4
Question:
What if you could extend maintenance cycles, optimize
process conditions, reduce cost of ownership, and/or
increase the efficiency, performance and reliability of your
equipment?
PPE gives you access to the latest skills and expertise in
elastomer technology to ask “what if?”
With many years experience across a wide range of industries,
PPE can make a valuable contribution to
your business and help you achieve your goals.
PPE aims to become the partner of choice for original
equipment manufacturers, end-users and distributors around
the world. If you are interested in developing your “what ifs”
into viable business solutions, call PPE today on:
+44 (0) 1254 295400.
Standard and non-standard O-rings
High performance, fully moulded O-rings are manufactured to
order and available in an infinite range of sizes between
0.25mm and 2000mm internal diameter, with order quantities
ranging from 1 to medium volumes.
Range of materials
With a range of over 350 high performance elastomers on offer
and an extensive knowledge base of material compatibility and
performance, PPE ensures the perfect match of material to your
application. Every year we develop many new compounds and
sealing solutions, so if the ideal sealing material has not yet been
created, we can develop it for you.
Material approvals
From the 17 elastomer types detailed in this brochure, PPE
offers many that meet various international approvals and
conformance requirements, such as FDA, USP Class VI, 3-A,
WRC, DTD, MIL and NES 337, enabling PPE to provide superior
sealing solutions that meet the needs of specific industries.
Lead-times
Responsive rapid manufacturing service and express delivery
enable parts to be supplied with some of the shortest lead times
in the industry, measured in days rather than weeks.
Technical design service for customised
solutions
Technical Support
Support and expert technical advice are always on hand at
PPE. Our engineers and material technologists are able to
provide support on component design, material selection and
compatibility, testing and analysis. Our consultancy service
and field support includes on-site assistance with problem
solving and troubleshooting.
Why Use PPE?
Why Use PPE?
In-house tooling
Tool design and manufacture is undertaken in-house using the
latest CAD and CNC machining techniques. This allows PPE
to manufacture competitive tooling within hours of the initial
design concept, which results in exceptionally short lead times
for non-standard and custom designed components.
Manufacturing facilities/capabilities
PPE’s manufacturing facility contains some of the most
advanced equipment in Europe, with the capability of
producing fully moulded rubber components up to 2 metres in
diameter. In addition, critical parts are manufactured in a clean
room environment and a policy of continuous improvement,
supported by extensive investment in facilities, promotes
constant efficiency improvements.
In-house test capabilities
Equipped with a state-of the-art Materials Characterisation Centre
and latest test apparatus, PPE’s Material Technology Department
can provide a range of services including: material analysis,
product development, characterisation, testing and detailed
analysis of polymeric materials. (See page 7 for more details).
Quality standards
PPE’s quality systems are third-party registered to BS EN ISO
9001:2000 and AS9100:2004 with no exclusions to any
clauses. In addition, PPE is regularly assessed by a wide
range of customers including leading multi-national
corporations. PPE offers full batch traceability of materials
throughout the full production process together with
certification of conformity supplied on request.
Training and education
With the benefit of over 30 years experience in polymer
technology and precision component manufacturing, PPE
offers bespoke training courses which are tailored to your
needs. Our experts will provide delegates with a wealth of
knowledge relating to polymer and sealing technology, from a
basic level right up to advanced and specialist subjects.
Problem solving is central to our culture, providing customers with
optimal design solutions which exceed expectations. PPE has the
ability to produce and import electronic Computer Aided Design
(CAD) drawings using the latest software, as well as using 2D and
3D Finite Element Analysis (FEA) modeling to explore ‘what if’
scenarios, ensuring the final seal design is right first time.
(See page 6 for more details).
PPE offers a ‘One Stop Shop’ for all your elastomer sealing requirements.
5
PPE Services
Component design and computer modelling services
Precision Polymer Engineering Ltd (PPE) offers a
comprehensive design and modelling service for seals, custom
moulded elastomers and bonded components.
Typical services include:
• Material recommendations, based upon chemical and
mechanical constraints
• O-ring size optimisation to maximise sealing efficiency
and life expectancy
• Groove size recommendations
• Custom seal design
PPE is design-certified to ISO 9001:2000; our team of
designers captures customer requirements and translates
these into hardware recommendations and custom
designs. Various formats of electronic drawings are
accepted including IGES, STEP, PARASOLID, PRO-E® ,
Inventor, DXF, DWG, plus many others. These can be
imported into SolidWorks® for our team of design
engineers to work with. Components are designed in 3D
CAD, and when required, are modelled using FEA.
PPE engineers design components using SolidWorks®, which
offers three dimensional parametric Computer Aided Design
(CAD) capabilities. Design intent is captured once into CAD and
then reused to drive all design and manufacturing processes:
• 2D & 3D non-linear Finite Element Analysis (FEA)
using ANSYS®
• Tool manufacture
• 3D work instruction generation
• 2D inspection drawings
Computer generated model showing an inflatable
seal for a pharmaceutical application.
Finite Element Analysis (FEA)
FEA is used to predict contact forces, deformation and stress levels within the
component. In order to maximise the accuracy of modelling, PPE engineers
generate temperature specific material models for specific applications. By
minimising stresses within an elastomer we can reduce the effect of stress-induced
chemical attack and therefore prolong the life of a component in application.
Drawing from a wide range of in-house compounds and a comprehensive supply
chain, our design team is able to recommend the most suitable materials for your
application, either using solely elastomers, or augmenting them with metals or
thermoplastics such as PTFE or PEEK® .
Integrated Computer Aided Manufacture (CAM) facilities are used by our
experienced team of tool designers to ensure that design intent is maintained
when manufacturing tooling within our in-house tool manufacture facilities.
Full configuration management is maintained throughout the design and
manufacturing process including the generation of 2D inspection drawings and 3D
manufacturing instructions. This ensures that requirements are correctly captured
and that the product we deliver meets the needs defined by our customers.
By working closely with our customers we can provide technical expertise
to maximise the performance of our materials in your application.
Make PPE your sealing partner.
6
FEA rendering showing the equivalent
stresses produced by the installation,
and then compression of a seal.
Precision Polymer Engineering offers an extensive range
of independent testing and consultancy services for
companies and organisations which are looking for
assistance in investigating polymer materials of any sort.
Some of the key testing aspects:
• chemical compatibility testing
PPE Services
Polymer materials consultancy & testing services
• failure analysis
As our core operations are very closely connected with
material development, industrialisation and processing, we are
not just another test house or consultant. We are an ideal
partner for organisations seeking practical support to solve a
challenge – be it manufacturing, processing, evaluation, failure
analysis or optimisation.
• microscopy
• thermo-mechanical evaluation
• physical property determination
Testing resources:
Utilising advanced techniques in material analysis, PPE
provides material characteristics and test data using the
following equipment:
• Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC)
• Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA)
• Fourier-transform infra-red (FTIR) with attenuated total
reflectance (ATR) accessory
• Melt-flow indexer
• Shore A hardness meter
• IRHD hardness meter
• IRHD micro-hardness tester
• Tensometer, with environmental chamber and laser
extensometer
• Reflux and extraction apparatus.
• Densometer
• Explosive decompression (ED) testing rig
• High pressure seal leak testing
Testing capabilities
Utilising the most modern analytical techniques, PPE provides
detailed analysis of materials. This work takes a number of
different forms:
Analysis capabilities:
• Formulation and deformulation
Failure Analysis
A seal that has failed in an application is analysed using various
techniques to identify the cause and mode of failure. This often
includes differentiating between thermal and chemical
degradation and investigating other possible causes - such as
mechanical failure, environmental stress, premature ageing,
contaminants/inclusions and poor design. PPE provides
assistance in recommending alternative designs or materials.
Chemical compatibility
Seal materials are often used in unique combinations of fluids
over a wide variety of temperatures. Test facilities at PPE allow
chemical compatibility trials to be performed to address
specific customer needs. Changes in physical properties for
various materials can be examined and the most cost effective
solution found.
• Research and development
• Failure analysis
• Methods/process development
• Data interpretation
• Polymer identification
• Molecular weight distribution (Rheological method)
• Chemical composition
• Thermal analysis
• Process chemistry and catalyst testing
• Monomer ratios in mixed copolmers/terpolymers
• Reaction kinetic studies
• Dispersion analysis
• Troubleshooting
7
PPE Services
Polymer materials consultancy & testing services
Thermo-mechanical Evaluation
Using environmental chambers to test the physical properties of materials at actual or elevated operating temperatures provides
practical results which are much more representative of real-life applications. The data is then used in computer modelling to create
accurate simulations of appropriate seal designs.
Thermal Analysis
Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC)
DSC analysis compares the exothermic and endothermic
reactions of samples and a reference, as the sample and
reference are heated through a defined heating regime. The
technique enables the accurate determination of glass transition
temperatures, crystallization and melting points and in the case
of elastomers, cure characteristics. This technique is valuable for
failure analysis and compound development.
Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA)
TGA analysis accurately weighs a sample as it is heated, from
typically 25°C to 1000°C. As the heating progresses, different
components of the elastomer formulation ‘burn off’ thereby
reducing the weight. A step-like pattern emerges which
correlates quantitatively with the components of the formulation.
This technique is valuable for compound development,
reverse-engineering, process control and failure analysis.
Spectroscopy
Infra-red Spectroscopy (FTIR)
FTIR involves passing an infra-red light through or impinging on a sample of material. The light gives up some of its energy, causing
various molecular structures in the sample to vibrate, twist or stretch; the resultant light is then compared with a reference light
stream and the result is represented as a characteristic plot of peaks. This technique is helpful in ‘fingerprinting’ materials, failure
analysis and compound development.
Explosive Decompression Testing
Explosive decompression (ED) damage of elastomer seals occurs when seals are
under high pressure for some time and then rapidly de-pressurised. Gases absorbed
into the elastomer rapidly expand causing the seal to rupture. PPE’s ED test
equipment can pressurise seals of various geometries up to 70 MPa (10,000 psi) and
can decompress over any desired cycle or time, whilst at temperatures of up to
300°C. Using this equipment, compounds can be developed and tested to overcome
this condition, with pressure, temperature and pressure release cycles simulating
actual field operation, the performance of seal types and grades can be confirmed
before installation. With a 3L cylinder, the ED test rig has been designed to meet Total,
NACE, NORSOK and Shell test requirements with all temperatures, pressures, gas
mixtures and depressurisation rates detailed therein. The O-ring carrier insert is
interchangeable to allow O-rings to be tested at various squeeze levels, in face and
piston geometries. This equipment also tests high-pressure sealing capability versus
diametral clearance and back-up ring performance.
The services of the Material Characterisation Centre are
available at very competitive rates – see our website
(www.prepol.com) for more details.
8
More information on the types of tests undertaken can be
found in the ‘Elastomer Terminology’ section of this brochure.
www.prepol.com
A one-stop seal selection resource for engineers.
Includes useful tools and wizards which are quick, free and easy to use.
PPE Services
Chemical Compatibility Lookup Wizard / Material Selector Tool
If you would rather not spend time looking up numerous chemicals from pages of lists and tables, we have made it much easier by
transferring all this information onto our website. With just a few clicks to select the appropriate chemicals, the wizard instantly scores
the various elastomer types against each chemical individually and collectively. The wizard then allows you to shortlist the chemicals
and finally suggests the most appropriate PPE elastomer grades for the short-listed chemicals, which can be sorted and ranked by
various criteria including temperature, hardness, colour, compression set, etc.
Select ‘Technical’ and ‘Material Selector Tool’ from the menu.
Datasheets, Specifications and Elastomer Guides
All the technical specifications and datasheets you will ever need are available in our datasheet download library enabling you to
print-off the latest information for PPE elastomers.
Select ‘Technical’ and ‘Datasheet Library’ from the menu.
The document library includes PDF newsletters and technical guides covering: types of elastomer compounds, chemical
compatibility, food and pharmaceutical seals and seals for diesel engines.
Select ‘Technical’ and ‘Literature Library’ from the menu.
9
PPE Services
www.prepol.com
A one-stop seal selection resource for engineers.
Includes useful tools and wizards which are quick, free and easy to use.
O-ring and Groove Dimension Look-up Wizard
AS and BS dimensions in a flash.
This easy to use wizard allows you to quickly identify the best fit standard sized O-ring for your equipment and print off a full
dimensional drawing. No longer do you have to spend hours thumbing through tables and calculating the seal size, the wizard does it
all within seconds. It provides AS and BS sizes for the most common seals used in plant equipment, specifically, rod seals, piston
seals, face seals and trapped seals. It also provides a detailed technical drawing of the groove showing all dimensional
measurements which can be included in other reports and drawings.
Select ‘Technical’ and ‘Hardware Design Tool’ from the menu.
Online Helpdesk
Need help? Got a sealing problem? Look no further than our experts
If you have a question relating to any aspect of elastomer seals we’ve probably been asked it before. For a quick answer,
consult our Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) page which is constantly updated. If your question doesn’t already appear,
don’t be afraid to ask our team of experts, and they will respond promptly.
Select ‘Technical’ and ‘FAQ’ from the menu.
10
As part of the PPE Group of companies, Perlast Limited
specialises in the manufacture of the latest generation of
perfluoroelastomer materials.
Perfluoroelastomers
is a third generation perfluoroelastomer developed
to meet the increasing need for seals with outstanding mechanical
properties combined with excellent chemical resistance.
This high performance material combines the chemical and thermal resistance of
polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) with the elastomeric properties of fluorocarbon (FKM).
is available as AS, BS, metric and custom O-rings, custom mouldings, bonded
parts and sheets, in a range of hardnesses from 50 to 90 Shore and in a range of colours.
•
•
•
•
•
• Steam resistant grades
• Low out-gasing under vacuum
• Good long-term high temperature
compression set resistance
• Low permeability
• Longevity
characteristics:
High temperature stability up to 330°C
Exceptional chemical resistance
Total reliability
High purity
Assured quality
Designated by ASTM as an ‘FFKM’ (a perfluoro rubber of polymethylene type, generically
known as a perfluoroelastomer) the
range of elastomers offer performance
characteristics that span the most demanding of applications in industries as diverse as
pharmaceutical processing,semiconductor manufacture, large diesel engines for ocean liners
and power generation plants in remote locations.
perfluoroelastomer parts are produced in a wide range of grades, many of which
carry the respective approvals for food, pharmaceutical and semiconductor applications.
Key
Industries
Semiconductor & Flat Panel Display (FPD)
Plasma resistant and ultra-pure grades.
The flexibility of Perlast
provides a number
of advantages:
Pharmaceutical & Bio-anaylitical
FDA and USP Class VI compliant grades.
• Available as AS, BS, metric and
imperial standard O-rings and
non-standard sized O-rings, plus
custom components, composite
parts and bonded parts.
Chemical Processing
Fully fluorinated compounds offer the highest
level of chemical resistance.
Food and Dairy
FDA and FCN compliant materials and metal
detectable seals.
• In-house tooling means that
non-standard O-rings and
custom components can be
supplied just as easily as
standard sizes.
Diesel Engines
High temperature and fluid resistant grades.
• An extensive range of material
grades ensuring the optimum
material for each application.
Oil & Gas
High pressure and high temperature resistant
materials.
• Rapid production with
exceptionally short lead-times.
For more information on Perlast , request a copy of the Perlast Brochure or visit www.perlast.com.
®
11
Seal selection
Selecting the correct seal
The process of selecting a seal must take account of a range of different criteria to ensure that
the optimal material grade and seal size or design is suitable for the application.
Key selection criteria broadly fall into three main categories: the service conditions;
hardware and seal design considerations; and regulatory or approval requirements.
Service conditions
Design considerations
• What process media will the seal be exposed to (including
those used in cleaning or maintenance operations)?
• What are the shape and dimensions of the housing
(or gland) where the seal must fit?
• What temperature will the seal be subjected to (both
maximum and minimum) – in storage, normal operation
and extreme conditions (such as equipment overload
scenarios)?
• Will a standard size O-ring be acceptable, or is a
non-standard size O-ring or a custom design required?
• Will the seal be exposed to low or high pressure?
Will this be constant or cycling?
• Will the seal be used in a static or dynamic environment?
• If used dynamically, will the movements be reciprocating
or rotary?
• Are there other constraints such as exposure to
weathering (eg, UV light, ozone), flame retardancy,
electrical conductivity?
• What is the seal life expectancy and what are the
consequences of seal failure?
• How will the seal be installed? Does it need to be
self-retained during hardware assembly?
• Are there other constraints which will affect seal
dimensions and tolerances, such as hardware out of
flatness?
• What is the surface finish of the hardware?
• Are there any constraints on cost versus reliability?
Approval/Specification requirements
• What customer specifications are required?
• What regulatory body standards are required?
(e.g. FDA, USP, 3A)
• Does the seal need to be a specific colour?
The flowchart opposite summarises the main steps involved in a selecting the correct seal. To assist engineers further with the
selection process, PPE has developed various online tools available at www.prepol.com
12
material selector
hardware design
bespoke design
Material selector tool – an interactive
elastomer chemical compatibility guide
to identify the material grades which
are compatible with various process
media. More details on page 9.
Hardware design wizard – an
interactive groove/gland dimension
calculator to select standard BS4518
and BS1806 O-ring sizes, with a full
dimensional drawing available to print.
More details on page 10.
For the selection of non-standard
O-rings and gland design or the
design of custom seals, please consult
the PPE technical sales team for
assistance.
Tel. +44 (0) 1254 295400
Identify process media
and environment
Identify operating temperature
range (max. & min.)
Seal selection
Identify possible material
types using PPE’s
Chemical Compatibility Guide
Compare operating temperature ranges of each type of material
with the application requirements to produce a short-list of materials
Is the
application static
or dynamic?
DYNAMIC
Select material types with
high Tensile Strength.
(Avoid materials such
as VMQ/FVMQ)
STATIC
LOW PRESSURE
Is the
operating pressure
high or low?
HIGH PRESSURE
Select softer
material grades
Select harder
material grades
Are any
industry approvals
required?
(e.g. FDA)
YES
Short-list material grades
comparing specification
requirements against
datasheets
NO
CUSTOM PART
Is an
O-ring or custom
part required?
O-RING
Contact PPE to
discuss requirements
Identify standard size availability
(metric/imperial)
Standard
(metric)
Select a BS4518 O-ring
groove design from PPE’s
Hardware Design Tool
Standard
(imperial)
Select an AS568 or BS1806
O-ring groove design from
PPE’s Hardware Design Tool
13
Elastomer types and properties
Elastomer types are often referred to under standard designations/acronyms
listed in ASTM D1418 or ISO 1629. A brief description of each elastomer type
and their typical characteristics follows:
ACM (Polyacrylic or Polyacrylate)
These rubbers are usually copolymers of ethyl acrylate and a
vinyl ether and are resistant to heat, hydrocarbon oils and in
particular, oil additives, especially sulphurised types used for
lubrication under extreme pressure conditions.
ACM elastomers offer excellent heat resistance; they can typically
be used at temperatures of 150°C (up to 175°C for limited
periods). They provide high resistance to ozone, weathering and
oxidation but are extremely susceptible to hydrolysis, hence their
unsuitability for use in aqueous media. Compression set and low
temperature flexibility depends on the base polymer and
compounding choice. ACM elastomers are used primarily where
combined resistance to heat and oil is required, typical uses
include O-rings, seals and gaskets mainly for the automotive
industry, particularly under-bonnet applications.
AEM (Ethylene Acrylic)
These elastomers are terpolymers of ethylene, methyl acrylate
and a cure site monomer. AEM elastomers offer good resistance
to heat ageing, weathering, aliphatic hydrocarbons and good low
temperature performance. They show poor resistance to strong
acids, hydrolyzing agents and some polar fluids.
AEM applications are similar to those of ACM elastomers, but
AEM has the advantage where low temperature flexibility is
concerned. Applications typically include shaft seals, spark
plug boots, CV joint bellows and ignition wire jackets.
AU / EU (Polyester and Polyether Urethane)
These elastomers generally show outstanding tensile strength,
tear and abrasion resistance, and give excellent protection
against oxygen and ozone (except in hot climates, due to
greater risk of microbiological attack in AU types, and
ultraviolet light in the case of EU types). EU elastomers have a
better low temperature flexibility (-35°C typically) and both
have excellent resistance to high-energy radiation.
CR (Chloroprene)
Chloroprene rubbers are essentially chlorinated polyisoprenes,
which exhibit medium resistance to high molecular weight oils.
Chloroprene rubbers contain chlorine in the polymer to reduce
the reactivity to many oxidising agents, as well as to oil and
flame. CR elastomers also have good resistance to ozone
cracking, heat ageing and chemical attack. Some of the
important applications of CR elastomers include Vee-belts,
coated fabrics, cable jackets, tyre-sidewalls, seals and gaskets in
contact with refrigerants, mild chemicals and atmospheric ozone.
CSM (Chlorosulphonylpolyethylene or
Chlorosulphonatedpolyethylene)
CSM grades contain 24-43% chlorine content to provide
excellent ozone and weather resistance, high resistance to
many oxidising and corrosive chemicals, good resistance to
dry heat to 150°C, low flammability and gas permeability, and
also good resistance to hot water (when cured with lead
oxide). The low temperature properties are generally limited,
depending on the chlorine content of the CSM grade used,
and the compression set is not very good. CSM elastomers
are generally useful in electrical applications, weather resistant
membranes, hoses and acid resistant tank linings.
ECO (Epichlorohydrin)
These halogenated linear aliphatic polyethers show excellent
resistance to ozone and weathering and very good resistance
to hydrocarbon oils bettered only by polysulphides,
fluoroelastomers and high-acrylonitrile nitrile rubbers. They
exhibit good mechanical properties but are susceptible to sour
gas attack. They are unsuitable for use with ketones and
esters, alcohols, phosphate ester hydraulic fluids, sour gas,
water and steam, and generally not recommended for rubber
to metal bonding (they are corrosive to metals). The main
applications for ECO elastomers are centred on the automotive
industry, for use as seals, gaskets, diaphragms, cable jackets,
belting, plus low temperature Natural Gas diaphragms.
Polyurethane rubbers are used where high abrasion resistance
and oil / solvent resistance are required together, e.g. hydraulic
seals and gaskets, diaphragms, hoses and roller-skate and
skateboard wheels. In all applications, consideration should be
given to hydrolysis and limited heat resistance.
A complete list of current PPE material grades
is available on our website: www.prepol.com
14
EPR/EPDM (Ethylene-Propylene)
These rubbers are mainly available in two structures – as the
copolymer (EPR), or as the terpolymer (EPDM). The properties
for both types of rubber are very similar with the polymers
exhibiting outstanding resistance to weathering, ozone, water
and steam. These rubbers have good chemical resistance and
are particularly recommended for use with phosphate ester
based hydraulic systems. They are typically used in the
production of window and door seals, wire and cable
insulations, waterproofing sheets and hoses. They are not
suitable for use with mineral oils or petroleum based fluids.
These rubbers can either be sulphur or peroxide-cured, in
general sulphur-cured grades have superior mechanical
properties and inferior high temperature properties and viceversa for peroxide cured grades.
FEP/PFA (Fluoroethylene Propylene-Perfluoroalkoxy)
These chemically modified fluorocarbon copolymers
(fluoropolymers) appear more like plastic than rubber, they are
extremely resilient and show excellent chemical resistance.
Mechanical properties are very good even at high
temperatures. Non-stick characteristics are excellent and
abrasion resistance can be classified as moderate. The
effective continuous temperature range is from -100°C to
+200/250°C for FEP/PFA respectively. Typical applications
include door seals and sealing systems in diaphragm pumps,
cryogenic plants, sealed filter units, corrosive fluid plants, relief
and emergency valves and pneumatics. Fluoropolymers are
often used to encapsulate other elastomers to produce
composite seals.
FEPM or TFE/P (Tetrafluoroethylene/Propylene)
A copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene and propylene, FEPM is
solely produced by the Asahi Glass Company, and sold under
the name Aflas®. FEPM vulcanisates exhibit similar thermal
stability to FKM elastomers, but better electrical resistance
and a different chemical resistance profile. FEPM compounds
have the ability to resist a wide range of chemical
combinations such as sour gas and oil, acids and strong
alkalis, ozone and weather, steam and water, all hydraulic and
brake fluids, alcohols, amine corrosion inhibitors, water-based
drilling and completion fluids, high pH completion fluids and
high energy radiation. However, they are not compatible with
aromatic hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbons (e.g. M.E.K.
and acetone), organic acetates and organic refrigerants.
FEPM elastomers are suitable for long-term service in air up to
225°C and for short periods up to 250°C, but are limited in
low temperature applications. They are finding wide
applications mainly in oil-field operations and chemical
processing as O-rings, seals and gaskets, cable insulating and
jacketing and hose liners.
FFKM/FFPM (Perfluoroelastomer)
FFKMs exhibit outstanding high temperature properties and
are the most chemically resistant elastomer available;
effectively a rubber form of PTFE. They are superior to FKM
elastomers, showing continuous dry-heat resistance to 260°C,
with extended performance to 330°C for high temperature
grades. They are extremely inert chemically and show
excellent resistance to the majority of chemicals that attack
other elastomers. Other notable properties include excellent
resistance to oil-well sour gases, high temperature steam, low
out-gassing under vacuum and good long-term high
temperature compression set resistance. Typical applications
are sealing systems for oil refineries, pharmaceutical plant,
aerospace, chemical plant and the semiconductor industry.
See Page 11 for details of Perlast®, the FFKM
Perfluoroelastomer material from PPE.
FKM/FPM (Fluoroelastomer or Fluorocarbon)
This class of rubber is available as a copolymer, terpolymer or
tetrapolymer; the type determines the fluorine content and
thus, chemical resistance. FKM materials are either bisphenolcured or peroxide-cured for better resistance to wet
environments. General properties include excellent resistance
to heat, aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, chlorinated
solvents and petroleum fluids. Fluoroelastomers have a clear
superiority in O-ring sealing force retention over most other
oil-heat resistant rubbers with the exception of
perfluoroelastomers such as Perlast® (see page 11).
FKM/FPMs do show poor resistance to ethers, ketones,
esters, amines and hydraulic fluids based on phosphate
esters. Special compounds are required to provide suitable
resistance to hot water, steam and wet chlorine. Typical
applications are for valve-stem seals, crankshaft seals, diesel
engine cylinder O-ring seals, pinion seals, glow plug seals,
ducting expansion joints and seals for the aerospace industry.
15
Copolymer, Terpolymer or Tetrapolymer
Fluoroelastomer or fluorocarbon (FKM/FPM) materials are available in three general types depending
on their fluorine content and the number of monomers contained within the polymer:
Type
Copolymer
(A/E)
Terpolymer
(B or F)
Tetrapolymer
(G)
Fluorine
Content
Advantages/Disadvantages
65-65.5%
Contains two monomers (simple molecules from which polymers are built).
General purpose, most common, most widely used for sealing.
Best compression set and very good fluid resistance.
Often referred to as 'A' and 'E' type grades.
These are normally the least cost types of compound.
67%
67-69%
Contains three monomers.
Better fluid and oil/solvent resistance than copolymers but at the expense of
poorer compression set resistance.
Often referred to as 'B' or ‘F’ type grades.
‘F’ grades offer superior fluid resistance over ‘B’ grades.
Contains four monomers.
Improved fluid, acid, solvent resistance over other types. Compression set better
than terpolymers. These are sometimes known as 'G' grades.
In addition, certain tetrapolymers have good low-temperature flexibility.
Tetrapolymers are the most costly of the three types listed here.
Tetrapolymer materials can also be referred to as GF, GLT and GFLT grades
which correspond to Viton® FKM materials.
GF –
Good high temperature performance and chemical resistance but reduced
mechanical properties and low temperature performance.
GLT – Improved low temperature performance but reduced chemical resistance.
GFLT – Good all-round low/high temperature performance and chemical resistance.
Viton® is a registered trade name of Dupont Performance Elastomers.
FVMQ (Fluorosilicone)
FVMQ elastomers are modified silicone rubbers, which have
many of the properties associated with silicone rubber but
show great improvements in oil and fuel resistance. Typical
properties include excellent resistance to ozone, oxygen,
weathering and non-adhesive characteristics. They have a
very wide service temperature range and low chemical
reactivity. They do however have low tensile strength, poor
tear and abrasion resistance and high gas permeability. Typical
uses include sealing systems requiring wide temperature
exposure and resistance to aerospace fuels and oils.
IIR (Butyl)
This copolymerised structure of isobutene and isoprene has
an effective long-term temperature range of -50° to +120°C.
The key properties for this rubber are very low gas
permeability and water absorption with very good resistance
to ozone, weathering and oxygen. All grades have very low
elastic resilience and are suitable for use with many fluids
except for mineral and petroleum based chemicals. Typical
applications are tyre inner tubes, vacuum seals and
membranes, pharmaceutical enclosures and shock absorbers.
IR (Polyisoprene)
Synthetic version of natural rubber; its strengths and uses are
similar, but its relative purity means that IR materials tend to
16
crystallise less at low temperatures. Consequently, it has
better performance at lower temperatures but, at normal
temperatures, its performance is inferior to natural rubber.
NBR (Nitrile or Acrylonitrile Butadine)
The properties of this copolymer are governed by the ratios of
the two monomers acrylonitrile and butadiene. Nitrile rubber
can be classified as three types based on the acrylonitrile
(ACN) content (low, medium and high). The higher the ACN
content, the higher will be the resistance to aromatic
hydrocarbons. The lower the ACN content, the better will be
the low temperature flexibility. The most commonly specified,
and the best overall balance for most applications is,
therefore, 'medium nitrile'.
High Nitrile:
>45% ACN content
Medium Nitrile:
30 – 45% ACN content
Low Nitrile:
< 30% ACN content
General characteristics of NBRs include excellent resistance to
aliphatic hydrocarbon oils, fuels and greases, very low gas
permeability, improved heat ageing and ozone resistance,
improved tensile and abrasion strength, hardness, density and
low compression set. Typical applications are as gaskets and
seals, hoses and cable jacketing in hydraulic/pneumatic
systems and oil/hydrocarbon based environments.
HNBR (Hydrogenated Nitrile)
HNBR elastomers are a saturated version of NBR, showing
superior heat resistance. General properties include excellent
wear resistance, high tensile strength, high hot-tear resistance,
low compression set and very good ozone and weathering
resistance. They also exhibit good resistance to many oil
additives, hydrogen sulphide, high-energy radiation and amines
present in crude oil.
HNBRs fill the gap between NBRs and FKMs in many areas of
application where resistance to heat and aggressive media are
required simultaneously, and may therefore provide a lower cost
alternative to FKM elastomers. Typical applications are in extreme
environments such as oil-fields and under-bonnet automotive.
SBR (Styrene-Butadiene)
This copolymer of styrene and butadiene is used in general
applications where exposure to mineral oils is not required.
Originally developed to replace natural rubber, it performs
better at high temperatures, although tensile strength,
resilience and abrasion resistance are inferior at lower
temperatures. SBRs have inferior weathering and chemical
resistance to most other elastomers. Typical applications are
sealing requirements for hydraulic braking systems.
TFE/P (Tetrafluoroethylene/Propylene)
See FEPM.
VMQ/PVMQ (Silicone)
These elastomers, which include the phenyl substituted
silicones are noted for their high and low temperature
applications (phenyl silicones offer exceptionally low temperature
flexibility). They have excellent resistance to ozone and
weathering and good resistance to compression set at high
temperatures. They do, however, have poor tensile strength,
low tear and abrasion resistance and high gas permeability.
Silicones have a low level of combustible components; even
when exposed to flame, the elastomer is reduced to a nonconducting silica ash. Silicones also exhibit excellent
compression set and high physiological inertness (tasteless,
odourless and completely non-toxic). Silicones are also resistant
to bacteria, fungi, a wide range of media including high energy
radiation and excellent release properties (except to glass).
Platinum-cured silicones offer enhanced levels of purity and low
extractables making them ideal for pharmaceutical, biomedical
and food & drink applications.
NR (Natural rubber )
Natural rubber (tapped from the cultivated rubber tree) exhibits
high tensile strength, abrasion resistance, resilience, tear
strength and low hysteresis. These rubbers exhibit the best
long range elasticity.
The chemically similar IR (polyisoprene) has lower strength
properties than the natural form but better low-temperature
performance. Both rubbers are susceptible to degradation by
weathering, and both show poor resistance to mineral and
petroleum-based oils and fuels.
Main applications apart from tyres are for vibration mounts,
springs and bearings.
PTFE (Polytetrafluoroethylene)
Polytetrafluoroethylene is not an elastomer but an extremely
inert thermoplastic, unaffected by virtually all known solvents.
It also exhibits this inert characteristic over a wide range of
temperatures. Its hardness and lack of elasticity prevents its
general use as an elastomeric sealing ring, but it is often used
as a back-up ring. Typical applications are backing rings,
bearings and non-stick requirements, or for use in composite
seals when combined with elastomers.
17
This graph positions the various elastomer types according to typical temperature and chemical resistance. Elastomers which are in
the top right-hand corner are considered high performance elastomers.
Typical temperature capability of elastomers
This graph shows the typical useful operating temperature range of each elastomer type.
Normal operating temperature
short-term operation or special
high temperature grade required
short-term operation or special
low temperature grade required
18
In some industries, elastomers must meet certain requirements or comply with
specific regulations and standards. Below is a summary of criteria required in
various industries:Aerospace/Defence
Approved to ISO 9001/2000 and AS9100, PPE’s short
lead-times and production capabilities fit well with the
requirements of maintenance, repair and overhaul operations.
Military customers, in particular, take advantage of our efficient
make-to-order capabilities where limitations on cure dates (shelf
life) prevent speculative stock holding of spares. A range of
materials are available which conform to the test requirements
of the DTD and MIL specs, these materials are used in a wide
range of aircraft and support systems.
long-term resistance to coolants, lubricating oils, corrosion
inhibitors and fuels - from high grade diesel and unrefined
gases to aggressive heavy fuel oils (HFO). Our materials have
a proven track record in the most arduous areas such as the
cylinder liners, flame deck, fuel delivery and exhaust valve seat
applications where planned maintenance schedules are met
and even exceeded.
For applications calling for the use of SF6 (sulphur hexafluoride)
insulating gas and oil filled transformers, our specially formulated
E70V EPDM grade with low electrical conductivity ensures long
service life in extreme weather conditions.
Elastomers typically used in this industry include EPDM, NBR,
HNBR, fluorocarbons (FKM), silicone (VMQ) and
perfluoroelastomers (FFKM) for ultimate temperature and
chemical resistance.
In addition to the more traditional areas of sealing such as in
electrical and fuel systems, our materials with extreme
temperature capabilities such as phenyl silicones and Perlast®
perfluoroelastomers are being specified for demanding
applications such as jet engines, laser infra-red counter
measures and high pressure gas generators.
Elastomers typically used in this industry include high FKMs,
low temperature FKM, ultra-low compression set FKM, low
temperature fluorosilicones, nitriles (NBR), special EPDMs and
ultra-high temperature FFKMs.
Defence Standard 02-337 (NES 337) defines O-ring seals
used on UK Ministry of Defence Surface Ships & Submarines
and their associated systems and equipment. Typical system
applications include hydraulics, lubrication systems, fuel
systems and pneumatics. PPE offers a complete range of
nitrile and fluorocarbon elastomer materials to meet the
requirements of this specification.
Nuclear
Expertise and capabilities in the design and development of
seals for high containment applications, from material process
through to transportation and storage. A wide range of
materials are available that are suitable for use with ionising
radiation and hazardous materials, including industry-accepted
EPDM, Nitrile, FKM and Polyurethane grades.
Marine Diesel, Generator Sets and Power Generation
PPE is a world-leading supplier of seals for diesel and gas
engines for both marine propulsion and electricity generation
(gen sets). Our seal designs and high performance materials
continue to be specified on 2 and 4 stroke engines from small
to large capacity, where typical life expectancy of >20,000
hours is required. PPE materials have been developed for
Ask for a copy of our ‘High Performance Elastomer Seals for
Diesel Engines’ brochure or download it from our website
www.prepol.com.
Elastomers for specific industries and applications
Chemical Processing
Sealing for the chemical processing industry requires high
performance materials which offer excellent high temperature
and aggressive chemical resistance. The diverse range of
markets within this industry, including petrochemical and
pharmaceutical, demand outstanding sealing performance,
reliability and increased service life, which in turn extends
preventative maintenance cycles of mechanical seals.
From our extensive range of elastomer compounds we can offer
materials that meet various international approvals and
conformance requirements, enabling us to provide superior
sealing solutions for pumps, valves, mechanical seals, pipe
couplings and reactors which meet the needs of our customers.
Pharmaceutical & Bio-analytical
PPE offers a full range of sealing solutions for pharmaceutical and
bio-analytical industries where both mechanical and chemical
properties are crucial, and hygienic sealing capability is critical.
PPE's pharmaceutical material grades include EPDM, Nitrile,
Silicone, FKM and FFKM, which have been specially
developed to withstand steam-in-place (SIP) and clean-inplace (CIP) procedures within pipework and vessels. In
addition, many of these materials are compliant with the
requirements of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA),
United States Pharmacopeia - Class VI (USP Class VI) and
3-A Sanitary Standards.
Request a copy of our ‘Elastomer Seals for the Food and
Phamaceutical Industries’ brochure or download it from our
website www.prepol.com.
19
Semiconductor
Semiconductor production
environments represent some
of the most aggressive
environments encountered by
seals. Seals have to be made
of ultra-pure materials, survive
extreme temperatures and a
mixture of fluorinated gases.
For these reasons, seals for the semiconductor industry are at
the cutting edge of material technology.
PPE scientists and technicians have created a range of
specially developed high performance materials for use in
critical semiconductor environments. Emphasis is placed on
providing a comprehensive range of materials, including the
latest generation of Perlast® Perfluoroelastomers, which offer
enhanced performance and improved functionality.
The relentless drive to improve productivity and increase wafer
yields has resulted in increased process temperatures, use of
more aggressive gases and increased plasma density, all of
which place escalating demands on current sealing technology.
Perlast® compounds have been created to withstand
temperatures up to 330°C in aggressive media such as activated
fluorine-based chemistries. The result is a new range of materials
that will help extend maintenance cycles, reduce particle
generation and lower chamber leakage rates.
In addition, PPE can also provide FKM copolymers in black, white,
brown and green, fluorosilicones in blue and translucent, plus the
innovative Nanofluor™ ultra pure, nano-filled fluoropolymer.
Request a copy of our ‘Perfluoroelastomers for Semiconductor
Applications’ brochure or download it from our website.
Offshore (Oil & Gas)
Precision Polymer Engineering has supplied high performance
O-ring seals and custom mouldings into the oilfield industry for
over 25 years. Specialist grades of elastomer are specifically
tailored to meet the challenges of the most inhospitable
operating environments in the world, encountering explosive
decompression, sour gas, extreme temperatures and
aggressive chemicals.
PPE supplies components into a wide range of applications,
including safety critical rubber/metal bonded blow-out
preventor seals, low friction sampling cylinder seals and fully
moulded O-rings up to 2 metres in diameter for use on pipe
couplings and large pumps.
We offer components with high sealing efficiency for systems
operating in environments with high temperature combined
with high pressure such as ultra-deep water drilling to 210
MPa (30,000 PSI) and 260°C.
Our broad range of compounds allows our material and
engineering teams to specify the right solution for every sealing
system. Elastomers typically used in this industry include NBR,
HBNR, fluoroelastomer (FKM - copolymers, terpolymers &
tetrapolymers), Kemex™, Aflas® and perfluoroelastomer (FFKM).
Explosive decompression (ED) resistant grades are available
from PPE in Aflas®, FKM and HNBR. In addition, ED testing is
available in our state-of-the-art material characterisation centre
– see page 8 for more details.
Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
The Food and Drug Administration is the US Federal Agency
responsible for ensuring that foods are safe, wholesome and
sanitary; human and veterinary drugs, biological products and
medical devices are safe and effective; cosmetics are safe;
and electronic products that emit radiation are safe.
Although the jurisdiction of the FDA is in theory restricted to
the United States, FDA regulations are commonly adopted as
international control standards.
Through its Codes of Federal Regulations the FDA provides a
list of materials and chemicals that are approved for contact
with foodstuffs. CFR 21.177.2600 describes the relevant
regulations for ‘Rubber articles intended for repeated use’.
This lists the ingredients and any quantitative limits that may
be used in a rubber compounds for moulded products
intended for repeated use in all stages of food manufacture,
preparation and transportation.
CFR21.177.2600 also specifies limits on extractable products
if the elastomer is to be used in contact with aqueous or fatty
foods. The regulation specifies extraction test limits in water
and n-hexane. It is important to note that for an elastomer to
be compliant to these requirements, then this claim must be
supported with appropriate documentation.
The FDA does not ‘approve’ products to CFR21.177.2600; it
is for the manufacturer of the finished rubber product to
demonstrate compliance. It is also important to note that
whilst a component may be made from a material that is
suitable for food contact, this does not mean that the part is
technically suitable for its intended application.
PPE offers an extensive range of FDA-compliant material
grades that is unrivalled in the sealing industry. The range
includes EPDM, nitrile (NBR), HNBR, silicone, chloroprene,
fluoroelastomer (FKM) and perfluoroelastomer (FFKM).
In addition, PPE has developed an exciting new range of metal
detectable elastomer compounds designed specifically to meet
the stringent demands of the food processing industry. The
DETECTASEAL™ range includes FDA-complaint grades with
compounds available in blue, white and black.
DETECTASEAL™ O-rings have been tested and proven in use
at leading food manufacturing plants in the UK.
PPE materials which are suitable for all the above
industries are listed on our website: www.prepol.com
20
Food Contact Notification (FCN)
The Food and Drug Administration Modernisation Act of 1997
provides a system whereby a manufacturer or supplier of
food-contact material may submit an FCN to the FDA
regarding the identity and use of the new food contact
substance, together with necessary data to demonstrate that
the substance is safe for its intended use. FCN is a formal
acceptance of a material by the FDA, so it is fundamentally
different to self-certification to FDA CFR21.177.2600.
An FCN application requires a detailed analysis of the
compound, its constituents, toxicological effects and intended
uses, and is much more rigorous than the requirements of
CFR21.177.2600. The complexity and high cost of the FCN
process means that only a limited range of very high
performance perfluoroelastomer materials, that are used in
critical and very demanding applications, have FCN acceptance.
PPE offers a number of perfluoroelastomer (FFKM) grades
which are FCN accepted, ranging in hardness.
USP Class VI
The United States Pharmacopeia is a US non-government
organisation that promotes public health by establishing stateof-the-art standards to ensure the quality of medicines and
other health care technologies.
Whilst this organisation is concerned with the pharmaceutical
and bio-technology industries, many manufacturers of hygienic
equipment will be producing multi-purpose designs to be used
in a range of different industry sectors.
Standards are published by the United States Pharmacopeia
in the National Formulary (USP-NF). Compliance to USP Class
VI is often requested by end users. Testing for compliance
involves an assessment of the effects of the material, and
extractables, on tissue.
PPE offers a range of material grades approved to USP 29,
NF24, 2006 for the Biological Test for Plastics,
Class VI including EPDM, Silicone, Fluoroelastomer (FKM) and
Perfluoroelastomer (FFKM).
3-A Sanitary Standards Inc.
Formed by the US food and dairy industry, 3-A Sanitary
Standards Inc. defines specifications and best practice for the
design, manufacture, installation and use of hygienic
equipment. As with FDA, the 3-A Standards are adopted on a
worldwide basis.
Standard no. 18-03, ‘3-A Sanitary Standard for multiple-use
rubber and rubber-like materials used in product contact surfaces
in dairy equipment’ describes requirements for food quality
materials that must also be suitable for cleaning and sanitising.
To comply with the requirements of the Standard, the elastomer
materials must comply with FDA CFR21.177.2600 and also be
resistant to steam sterilisation, milk fat, acid and alkali cleaning
solutions and chlorine sanitising agents. The PPE elastomers
meeting Classes I, II and III of the 3-A Standard include
Fluorocarbon (FKM), Silicone, EPDM and Nitrile, allowing
manufacturers to select the most appropriate elastomer according
to temperature, chemical and physical performance criteria.
Potable Water Grade Seals
In the UK, FDA-compliant materials approved for drinking water
applications, must also satisfy the requirement of British
Standard BS2494 (type W) for the Water Research Council in the
United Kingdom. The testing regime for WRC approval is
different to FDA testing, in that it requires elastomer products to
be tested to ensure that they do not promote the propagation of
bacteria and do not give any taint to potable water.
KTW (Germany) specifies the requirements of
elastomers in potable water as set out by the
German Technical and Scientific Association
for Gas and Water (DVGW) in the regulation
“Arbeitsblatt W270”.
In France, the medical control of the water intended for human
consumption is controlled by l’Autorite de Controle Sanitaire (ACS).
Drinking water approvals vary from country to country, although
it is common for one country to use a material that has been
approved under the standard of another country. Our technical
team can advise on which products are suitable for drinking
water applications against a number of national standards.
Request a copy of our ‘Elastomers for the Food, Water and
Dairy Industries’ or download it from our website.
Explosive Decompression Resistant
Permeation of a gas into an elastomer under high pressure
may not result in any long term effect provided the pressure is
released gradually, allowing the gas to permeate out of the
elastomer. However, if the pressure is released rapidly, the
pressurised gas can expand explosively, rupturing the
elastomer in a catastrophic manner. PPE offers a number of
materials which have been formulated to be resistant to
explosive decompression including Aflas®, FKM and HNBR
PPE posses one of the most advanced explosive
decompression testing units in Europe. Capable of testing
seals of various geometries up to 10,000 psi, under varying
compression, over any desired cycle/time within a temperature
range from subzero up to +250°C. With pressure, temperature
and pressure release cycles simulating actual field operation,
independent testing can be carried out to confirm the
performance of seal types and grades before installation (see
page 8 for more details).
Gas Specification Materials
Materials formulated in accordance with British Standard
BS2494 (type ‘G’) are suitable for gas applications in the
United Kingdom. The British Gas Specification BGC/PS/LC6
sets out the physical properties and quality requirements for
seals and gaskets used in gas applications.
PPE offers a range of nitrile (NBR) grades which are
formulated in accordance with this specification.
NES 337 Materials
Defence Standard 02-337 (NES 337) defines O-ring seals
used on UK Ministry of Defence Surface Ships & Submarines
and their associated systems and equipment. Typical system
applications include hydraulics, lubrication systems, fuel
systems and pneumatics. PPE offers a complete range of
nitrile and fluorocarbon elastomer materials to meet the
requirements of this specification.
21
Elasomer trade names
Elastomer trade names
ASTM D1418
Abbreviation
Chemical name
Trade names
PPE
Prefix
ACM
Polyacrylate (Polyacrylic)
Europrene-AR®, Krynac®, Nipolar®, Hycar®,
Cyanacryl®, Noxtite-PA®
P
AEM
Ethylene Acrylic
Vamac®
W
AQU
EU
Polyester Urethane
Vibrathane®, Pellethane®, Urepan®,
Elastothane®, Adiprene®, Desmopan®,
Vulkollan®, Estane®
Q
Chloroprene
Neoprene®, Skyprene®, Butclor®,
Baypren®, Denka®
C
CSM
Chlorosulphonylpolyethylene
(Chlorosulphonated polyethylene)
Hypalon®, Noralon®
L
ECO
Epichlorohydrin
Hydrin®, Herclor®, Gechron®
H
Ethylene-Propylene Copolymer
Buna-AP®, Dutral®
Ethylene-Propylene Terpolymer
Epsyn®, Nordel®, Epcar®, Keltan®,
Royalene®, Polysar-EDM®
Fluoroethylene Propylene
Perfluoroalkoxy
Teflon FEP®, Neoflon FEP®
Teflon PFA®, Neoflon PFA®
D
See TFE/P
Aflas®, Dyneon BRE®
A
Perfluoroelastomer
Perlast®, Kalrez®, Chemraz®
G
Fluoroelastomer
Viton®, Dai-el®, Fluorel®, Tecnoflon®
V
FVMQ
Fluorosilicone
Silastic LS®, FSE®
F
HNBR
Hydrogenated Nitrile
Therban®, Tornac®, Zetpol®
Z
IIR
Butyl Rubber
Exxon Butyl®, Polysar Butyl®, Esso Butyl®
J
IR
Isoprene
Shell Isoprene Rubber®
R
NBR
XNBR
Nitrile Butadine
Breon, Butakon®, Chemigum®, Hycar®
Carboxylated Nitrile
Buna-N®, Butacril®, Paracil®, Perbunan®,
Krynac®, Europrene-N®, Nipol®
N
NR
Natural Rubber
Natsyn®
R
Styrene Butadine (Buna-S)
Cariflex S®, Plioflex®, Europrene®, Pliolite®,
Buna Huls®, Carom®, Solprene®
B
TFE/P
Tetrafluoroethylene/Propylene
Aflas®, Flourel ll®, Fluoraz®
A
VMQ
PVMQ
Silicone
Silastic®, Siloprene®, Rhodorsil®, Silplus®
S
CR
EPD
EPDM
FEP
PFA
FEPM
FFKM/FFPM*
FKM/FPM*
SBR
Polyether Urethane
E
ASTM D1418 – Standard practice for rubber and rubber lattices – nomenclature
* ISO 1629 – Rubber and rubber lattices – nomenclature
Registered trademark holders:
Perlast® - Precision Polymer Engineering. Aflas® - Asahi Glass. Baypren®, Therban®, Polysar Butyl®, Perbunan®, Krynac®, Tornac®, Polysar EPDM®, Siloprene®, Vulkollan®, Urepan®, Desmopan® – Bayer. Epcar®, Estane®,
Hydrin®, Hycar® – BF Goodrich. Breon®, Butaclor® – BP Chemcials. Carom® – Chemisches Kombinat. Buna Huls®, Buna AP®, Buna-N® – Chemische Werke Huls. Elastothane® – Compounding Ingredients. Epsyn® –
Copolymer Rubber. Dai-el®, Neoflon FEP®, Neoflon PFA® - Daikin Industries. Noralon® – Denki Kagugi Chemcial. Pellethane® – DOW Chemical. Silastic®, Silastic LS® – DOW Corning. Keltan® – DSM. Neoprene®, Hypalon®,
Teflon FER®, Teflon PFA®, Nordel®, Vamac®, Viton®, Kalrez® – Dupont Performance Elastomers. Fluorel®, Fluorel II®, BRE® – Dyneon. Cyanacryl®, Europrene®, Europrene N®, Europrene AR® – Enichem Elastomeri. Esso Butyl®
– Esso. Exxon Butyl® – Exxon Chemical. Solprene® – Fina Chemicals. Silplus®, FSE® – General Electric. Chemigum®, Natsyn®, Pliolite®, Plioflex® – Goodyear. Chemraz®, Fluoraz® – Greene Tweed. Herclor® – Hercules
Chemcial. Denka®- JSR. Dutral®, Tecnoflon® – Solvay-Solexis. Noxtite PA® – Nippon Oil Seal Industry. Butakon® – Revertex. Rhodorsil® – Rhone Poulenc. Shell Isoprene Rubber®, Cariflex® – Shell International Chemical.
Skyprene® – Todo Soda. Royalene®, Paracil®, Adiprene®, Vibrathene® – Uniroyal Inc. Butacril® – Was Ugine Kuhlmann. Gechron®, Nipol®, Nipolar®, Zetpol® – Zeon Chemicals.
The trade names listed above are correct at the time of printing.
22
This guide is intended to provide assistance in determining the
suitability of various elastomer types in different chemical
environments. The ratings are based on volume swell data
which has been compiled from published literature, laboratory
tests, actual field experience and informed judgments.
As laboratory tests do not necessarily predict end-use
performance, it is the user’s responsibility to ensure
suitability in application.
Rating System
Volume
Change
Comments
Excellent
<10%
Little or no effect.
2
Good
10–20%
Moderate swelling and change in physical properties.
May be suitable for static applications.
3
Doubtful
20–40%
Significant swelling and noticeable change in physical properties.
Questionable performance, caution advised if used.
4
Do not use
>40%
Rating
Description
1
No data available
Chemical compatability guide
Not suitable.
Insufficient information available for rating.
Volume change (swell) is only an indicator of fluid compatibility and is intended as a typical guideline for comparative purposes. Fluid
attack of the polymer may affect various physical properties, including tensile strength, hardness and elongation. Elevated
temperatures can exacerbate chemical attack on elastomers, therefore in some cases it may be necessary to select special
formulations which offer improved performance. Please contact PPE for technical support and assistance when choosing the right
elastomer for a specific application.
Online Interactive Chemical Compatibility Wizard / Material Selector
The following chemical compatibility table is available as an
interactive wizard online at www.prepol.com. Simply select
the appropriate chemicals from the list and the wizard will
instantly score the various elastomer types against each
chemical individually and collectively. The wizard then allows a
shortlisting of the chemicals and finally suggests the most
appropriate PPE elastomer grades for the short-listed
chemicals, which can be further sorted and ranked by various
criteria including temperature, hardness, colour, compression
set, etc.
Select ‘Technical’ and ‘Chemical Compatibility’ from the menu.
NOTE: The information given in this guide is provided in good faith and believed to be accurate and reliable. For actual applications,
appropriate testing and validation is mandatory. No representation, guarantee of performance or warranties of any kind are made.
23
PPE Prefix
G A B
C D E
H J N
P Q R
V W Z
Dynamic And Static Applications
Chemical or Media
Acetaldehyde
Acetamide
Acetic acid (dilute)
Acetic acid (glacial)
Acetic acid (hot, high pressure)
1
1
1
1
1
Acetic anhydride
Acetic oxide (Acetic anhydride)
Acetone
Acetone cyanohydrin
Acetonitrile (Methyl cyanide)
1
1
1
1
1
Acetophenone
Acetyl acetone
Acetyl chloride
Acetyl salicylic acid (Aspirin)
Acetylene (Ethyne)
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
1
4
4
4
1
Acetylene tetrabromide
Acrolein (Acrylaldehyde)
Acrylaldehyde
Acrylonitrile (Vinyl cyanide)
Adipic acid
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
Alkane (Dodecyl benzene)
Alkane sulfonic acid
Alkazene (Dibromoethylbenzene)
Alkyl aryl sulfonate
Allyl alcohol
1
1
1
1
1
Allyl bromide
Allyl chloride
Alum
Aluminium acetate
Aluminium bromide
2
2
3
3
2
2
4
VMQ (Silicone)
CSM
HNBR
AEM
FKM (Fluorocarbon)
NR (Natural Rubber)
AU & EU
ACM
NBR (Nitrile)
IIR (Butyl)
ECO
EPR & EPDM
FEP & PFA
* = Special formulation
CR
4 = Do not use
SBR
3 = Doubtful
FEPM
2 = Good
PERLAST®
24
1 = Excellent
F L S
Static Only
3
4
2
3
4
3
2
1
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
2
3
4
2
2
4
4
2
2
1
2
4
3
1
2
2
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
4
2
2
4
4
3
1
2
2
3
4
4
4
4
3
2
2
2
3
4
1
2
4
4
3
2
1
4
4
4
4
3
3
2
2
3
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
4
1
4
4
4
2
2
1
1
4
4
4
4
2
4
4
4
4
4
4
2
2
4
3
4
4
4
4
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
2 2
2 2
3 4
4
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
1
4
4
4
2
2
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
2
4 4
4 4
4 3
1
1
4
4
4
2
1
4
4
4
2
4
4
4
1
2
4
4
2
1
1
1
1
2 2
4
3
3
3
1
2
2
2
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
2
4
4
4
4
2
1
2
2
4
1
4
2
2
4
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
2
2
3
1
1
1
1
3
1
4
4
4
2
4
1
2
4
4
4
1
4
2
2
3
1
4
1
1
1
1
1
4
3
4
4
1
4
4
4
4
4
3
3
1
3
2
1
2
2
1
2
1
1
4
1
4
4
2
4
3
4
4
1
1
1
2
2
1
3
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
4
4
1
1
1
3
1
3
4
1
1
4
1
4
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
1
3
1
4
2
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
Aluminium chloride
Aluminium fluoride
Aluminium hydroxide
Aluminium nitrate
Aluminium phosphate
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
Aluminium potassium sulfate
Aluminium salts
Aluminium sodium sulfate
Aluminium sulfate
Amines
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
2
2
Aminobenzene (Aniline)
Aminobutane (Butyl amine)
Aminosalicylic acid
Ammonia , anhydrous
Ammonia gas, cold
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
4
3
4
4
2
1
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
4
2
2
4
3
4
1
1
4
3
1
1
1
4
2
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
4
2
1
1
1
1
4
4
1
1
3
3
4
3
4
1
4
3
4
4
4
4
1
1
1
1
2
2
3
4
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
1
1
1
3
4
3
1
2
2
2
3
4
4
2
4
4
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
4
4
4
1
1
3
1
1
1
2
1
4
4
4
3
4
1
4
4
4
4
4
1
2
1
1
2
3
4
4
4
4
1
2
4 4
2
1 1
4
4
1 1
4 4
1 1
1
1
2
1
1
2
2
2
1
1
4
1
1
1
1
4
1
1
4
4
3
4
4 4
4 3
2
1
4
4
4 2
1 1
1
2
PPE Prefix
G A B
C D E
H J N
P Q R
V W Z
Chemical or Media
Ammonia gas, hot
Ammonium acetate
Ammonium bicarbonate
Ammonium bifluoride
Ammonium bisulfite
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
Ammonium bromide
Ammonium carbonate
Ammonium chloride
Ammonium cupric sulfate
Ammonium dichromate
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Ammonium fluoride
Ammonium fluosilicate
Ammonium hydrogen fluoride
Ammonium hydroxide, 3 molar
Ammonium hydroxide, conc.
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
Ammonium iodide
Ammonium nitrate
Ammonium nitrite
Ammonium oxalate
Ammonium perchlorate
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Ammonium persulfate
Ammonium phosphate
Ammonium salts
Ammonium sulfate
Ammonium sulfide
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Ammonium sulfite
Ammonium thiocyanate
Ammonium thiosulfate
Amyl acetate
Amyl alcohol (Pentanol)
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
2
1
1
4
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
1
1
1
1
1
Amyl amine
Amyl borate
Amyl chloride (Chloropentane)
Amyl chloronaphthalene
Amyl naphthalene
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
4
4
4
4
2
4
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
4
4
Amyl nitrate
Amyl phenol
Aniline (Aminobenzene)
Aniline dyes
Aniline hydrochloride
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
4
2
3
Aniline oil
Aniline sulfate
Animal oils & fats
Anisole (Methyl phenyl ether)
Anone (Cyclohexanone)
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
1
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
2
3
4
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
1
1
1
4
1
1
2
2
1
2
1
3
4
2
4
2
4
4
4
4
1
1
2
3
4
1
1
1
1
4
1
1
1
1
4
3
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
4
2
2
1
1
2
1
2
1
1
2
2
2
2
4
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
1
4
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
1
1
3
4
4
3
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
2
1
4
4
4
4
2
1
3
4
4
2
2
3
4
4
4
1
4
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
4
2
1
2
2
4
2
4
3
4
4
1
1
4
1
4
1
2
3
1
2
1
1
3
4
2
2
1
2
3
2
2
2
1
4
1
2
3
3
4
4
4
4
4
1
3
1
1
3
1
1
1
3
3
4
3
4
4
1
4
4
1
4
2
4
3
3
4
4
2
4
2
4
4
1
1
1
1
2
4
4
4
3
4
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
4
4
3
3
3
1
3
2
2
4
3
1
4
4
4
4
1
4
2
4
4
3
1
4
4
4
VMQ (Silicone)
CSM
4
4
2 1
1
3
1
2
3
2
1 2
1 3
1
1
4
1
1
1
1
3
1
1
1
4
2
4
4
F L S
Static Only
4
1
1
2
3
4
1
1
1
3
3
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
HNBR
AEM
FKM (Fluorocarbon)
NR (Natural Rubber)
AU & EU
ACM
NBR (Nitrile)
IIR (Butyl)
ECO
EPR & EPDM
FEP & PFA
CR
SBR
4 = Do not use
FEPM
3 = Doubtful
PERLAST®
2 = Good
1 = Excellent
4
4
4
4
2
4
2
3
1 1
1 1
1
1
1
3
3
3
3
1
1
1 3
1 2
2
1 2
4
1
1
1
3
4
4
3
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
1
4 4
2 4
1
2
4
4
2
2
2
3
1
4 4
4 4
4 4
2
1
4
3
4
4
4
2
3
2
2
2
4
4 4
2 3
4 3
3
4
1
3
4
1
4
3
1
3
1
1
4 4
2
3 2
4
4
4
4 4
4
3
4
2
4
2
25
PPE Prefix
G A B
C D E
H J N
P Q R
V W Z
Chemical or Media
Anthraquinone
Antifreeze
Antimony pentachloride
Antimony trichloride
Aqua regia
1
1
1
1
1
Argon
Aromatic fuels
Arsenic acid
Arsenic trichloride
Ascorbic acid
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
Askarel
Asphalt
ASTM fluid 101
ASTM fuel A (aliphatic)
ASTM fuel B (30% aromatic)
1
1
1
1
1
1
ASTM fuel C (50% aromatic)
ASTM fuel D
ASTM oil 1 (high aniline)
ASTM oil 2 (medium aniline)
ASTM oil 3 (low aniline)
1
3
1
1
4
2
4
1
2
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
3
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
3
1
2
2
4
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
2
4
1
4
3
2
2
2
3
1
4
3
1
4
3
4
2
2
4
2
4
1
1
2
1
2
2
4
4
3
4
4
2
4
1
1
1
1
4
1
1
4
4
2
2
1
2
3
2
2
1
4
4
1
1
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
2
4
2
4
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
4
4
4
1
3
1
2
4
4
4
4
4
2
2
3
1
1
4
2
4
2
4
4
2
4
1
2
4
4
4
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
4
1
3
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
1
2
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
3
4
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
4
4
4
2
2
1
1
1
4
4
4
4
4
2
1
1
1
1
4
2
1
1
1
4
3
1
2
2
4
1
1
1
1
1
4
ASTM oil 4 (high aniline)
Automatic transmission fluid
Barium carbonate
Barium chlorate
Barium chloride
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
4
4
1
4
1
4
2
1
4
4
1
1
1
4
4
1
2
1
1
3
1
2
1
4
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
Barium cyanide
Barium hydrate
Barium hydroxide
Barium nitrate
Barium salts
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Barium sulfate
Barium sulfide
Beer
Benzal chloride
Benzaldehyde
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
4
4
4
1
1
1
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
Benzene (Benzol)
Benzene sulfonic acid, 10%
Benzine (Ligroin) (Nitrobenzine)
Benzochloride
Benzoic acid
1
2
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
2
2
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
4
1
4
4
4
1
Benzophenone
Benzoyl chloride
Benzoyl peroxide
Benzyl acetate
Benzyl alcohol
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
4
4
1
1
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
4
4
4
4
4
1
1
VMQ (Silicone)
CSM
F L S
Static Only
4
4
1
4
4
1
1
1
1
4
2
4
HNBR
AEM
FKM (Fluorocarbon)
NR (Natural Rubber)
AU & EU
ACM
NBR (Nitrile)
IIR (Butyl)
ECO
EPR & EPDM
FEP & PFA
CR
4 = Do not use
SBR
3 = Doubtful
FEPM
2 = Good
PERLAST®
26
1 = Excellent
1
1
1
3
1
1
1 1
4
2
4 4
1
4 2
4 4
1 1
4
2
4
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
4
4
4
2
4
4
4
4
4
4
2
2
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
4
4
2
4
4
4
4
1
4
3
2
2
1
2
1
1
3
1
1
1
4 4
3 4
1
2
1 1
1
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
1 1
1 1
2
1 1
1
1
1
2
4
1 1
1 1
1
4 4
4 4
4
1
3
4
4
1
1
2
1
2
3
1
1
1
1
4
4
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
1
3
1
1
1
1
4
4
4
4
2
3
4
1
1
1
4
4
1
1
1
4
4
1
1
1
1
4
4
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
4
4
4
4
1
4
4
4
4
2
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
2
4
4
4
2
4
4
4
1
2
1
1
2
2
4
4
4
2
4
4
4
4
3
4
4
4
4
1
1
4
4
4
4
1
2
4 2
4 4
2
4
2
2
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
4
4
2
2 1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
4
4
PPE Prefix
G A B
C D E
H J N
P Q R
V W Z
Chemical or Media
Benzyl benzoate
Benzyl chloride (Chlorotoluene)
Benzyl dichloride
Beryllium chloride
Beryllium sulfate
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
Biphenyl (Phenylbenzene)
Bismuth carbonate
Black sulfate liquors (cold)
Blast furnace gas
Bleach liquor
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
Borax (Sodium borate)
Bordeaux mixture
Boric acid (Boracic acid)
Boron fluids (HEF)
Boron trichloride
1
1
1
1
1
Brake fluid (glycol base)
Brake fluid (mineral oil base)
Brake fluid (silicone oil base)
Brine (Salt water)
Bromide
4
4
4
3
4
4
4
4
3
1
1
1
1
1
2
4
4
1
1
4
4
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
2
4
1
4
4
2
4
4
4
1
2
4
3
2
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
4
4
2
1
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
1
4
2
2
2
2
4
1
1
1
1
1
Bromine
Bromine pentafluoride
Bromine trifluoride
Bromobenzene
Bromochloro trifluoroethane
1
2
2
1
1
1
4
4
4
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
Bromochloromethane
Bromoethane (Ethyl bromide)
Bromotoluene
Bromotrifluoromethane
Bunker oil
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
4
3
4
1
4
4
4
Butadiene
Butane (Butyl hydride) (LPG)
Butanediol
Butanol (Butyl alcohol)
Butene (Butylene)
1
1
1
1
1
Butoxyethanol (Butyl cellosolve)
Butter
Butydigol (Butyl carbitol)
Butyl acetate
Butyl acetyl ricinoleate
1
1
1
1
1
Butyl acrylate
Butyl alcohol (Butanol)
Butyl amine (Aminobutane)
Butyl benzoate
Butyl bromide
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
1
VMQ (Silicone)
4
4
4
3
1
1
1
1
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
3
1
2
2
3
1
4 4
4 4
4 4
3
1 2
4
4
4
4
2
4 4
4
4
4
4
4
4
2
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
4
2
4
1
4
1
2
4
3
3
4
2
2
2
2
2 2
4 1
1 2
2
2
1
2
3
4
4
4
3
4
3
4
2
2
1
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
2
1
2
2
1
2
4
1
1
4
2
1
1
4
1
4
1
2
4
4
1
4
2
2
4
2
1
3
1
3
1
4
4
1
4
4
4
1
4
3
4
4
4
4
1
4
1
1
4
1
4
1
3
1
3
1
4
1
4
1
2
2
2
1
3
3
3
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
4
4
1
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
2
4
4
2
2
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
2
4
4
1
4
4
2
4
1
1
4
4
4
1
4
2
1
2
1
1
4
4
1
2
4
4
1
4
2
2
4
4
2
1
4
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
2
4
1
4
1
4
4
4
4
1
4
1
2
1
1
1
4
1
4
3
1
1
4
4
2
2
1
3
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
1
2
4
4
1
3
1
2
4
1
4
4
4
4
4
3
2
3
4
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
2
1
3
1
1
4
2
2
1
2
1
4
1
2
4
1
3
4
4
4
1
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
4
2
3
1
4
4
4
4
4
2
4
1
4
1
CSM
4
4
4
1
1
1
4
3
Static Only
4
4
3
3
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
F L S
4
4
4
1
3
2
4
2
4
3
HNBR
AEM
FKM (Fluorocarbon)
NR (Natural Rubber)
AU & EU
ACM
NBR (Nitrile)
IIR (Butyl)
ECO
EPR & EPDM
FEP & PFA
CR
SBR
4 = Do not use
FEPM
3 = Doubtful
PERLAST®
2 = Good
2
4
1
4
3
2
1
1
2
4
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
1
4
4
2
4
1
4
4
1
4
2
4
4
4
2
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
2
1
2
1
1
1
2
1
4
3
4
1
1
1
1
4
1
2
1
2
4
2
2
1
4
4
1
4
1
4
4
2
4
1
4
4
2
4
3
4
4
2
4
2
4
4
4
1
4
4
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
4
4
1
3
3
4
4
4
1
4
4
1 = Excellent
4
4 4
4
1 4
4 2
4
4
3
4
27
PPE Prefix
G A B
C D E
H J N
P Q R
V W Z
Chemical or Media
Butyl butyrate
Butyl carbitol
Butyl cellosolve (Butoxyethanol)
Butyl chloride (Chlorobutane)
Butyl ether
1
1
1
1
1
Butyl hydride (Butane)
Butyl oleate
Butyl phenol
Butyl phthalate (Dibutyl phthalate)
Butyl stearate
1
1
1
1
1
Butylene (Butene)
Butyraldehyde
Butyric acid
Butyric anhydride
Butyrone (Dipropyl ketone)
1
2
1
1
1
Cadmium chloride
Cadmium nitrate
Cadmium sulfate
Calcine liquors
Calcium acetate
1
1
1
1
1
Calcium bisulfate
Calcium bisulfide
Calcium bisulfite
Calcium bromide
Calcium carbonate
1
1
1
1
1
Calcium chlorate
Calcium chloride
Calcium cyanide
Calcium hydrosulfide
Calcium hydroxide
1
1
1
1
1
Calcium hypochloride
Calcium hypochlorite
Calcium nitrate
Calcium oxichloride
Calcium oxide
1
1
1
1
1
Calcium permanganate
Calcium phosphate
Calcium salts
Calcium silicate
Calcium sulfate (Gypsum)
1
1
1
1
1
Calcium sulfhydrate
Calcium sulfide
Calcium sulfite
Calcium thiosulfate
Caliche liquors
1
1
1
1
1
2
3
3
1
1
3
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
3
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
3
3
4
3
4
4
4
4
2
4
4
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
4
2
4
1
4
4
2
4
4
4
4
4
3
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
4
2
2
1
4
4
4
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
2
3
2
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
2
2
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
3
1
4
1
4
3
1
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
4
2
2
2
1
2
3
3
4
4
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
4
2
4
2
4
1
4
1
4
4
4
2
1
4
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
2
2
3
2
2
4
4
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
4
1
1
3
3
3
1
3
4
1
1
1
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
4
3
4
4
1
1
1
2
1
4
3
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
1
4
4
4
1
1
VMQ (Silicone)
CSM
F L S
Static Only
4
4
4
4
4
1
2
4
2
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
1
1
3
1
4
4
4
3
4
1
4
2
1
1
1
HNBR
AEM
FKM (Fluorocarbon)
NR (Natural Rubber)
AU & EU
ACM
NBR (Nitrile)
IIR (Butyl)
ECO
EPR & EPDM
FEP & PFA
CR
4 = Do not use
SBR
3 = Doubtful
FEPM
2 = Good
PERLAST®
28
1 = Excellent
4
4
3
1
4
4
1
3
4
4
4
4
4
3
4
1
4
1
2
1
2
2
2
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
2
4
4
2
4
4
4 4
4 4
4 4
2
4
1
1
1
1
4
1 2
1 2
1 2
4
3
3
3
1
2
4
1
1
3
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1 1
1 1
1
1 3
1
2
1
2
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1 1
1 2
1
1
4
4
4
4
3
4
4
1
1
4
3
1
3
1
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
1
4
4
3
4
1
4
4
3
4
1
4
3
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
4
1
1
1
3
1
1
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
2
4
4
3
4
3
4 4
1
4
4
1
3
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
2
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
3
1
1
3
2
2
2
1
2
1
1
2
PPE Prefix
G A B
C D E
H J N
P Q R
V W Z
Chemical or Media
Camphor
Cane sugar liquor
Capric acid (Caproic acid)
Caproic aldehyde
Capryl alcohol (Octanol)
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
2
4
2
2
1
2
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
4
2
1
2
2
1
2
1
4
2
4
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
Carbamate
Carbinol (Methanol)
Carbitol
Carbolic acid (Phenol)
Carbon bisulfide
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
4
1
2
4
4
2
1
2
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
2
4
4
4
2
1
2
2
4
3
2
2
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
Carbon dioxide, dry
Carbon dioxide, wet
Carbon disulfide
Carbon monoxide
Carbon tetrachloride
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
4
2
2
4
3
4
2
2
4
3
4
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
4
2
4
1
1
4
1
2
2
2
4
2
3
1
1
4
1
2
2
2
3
1
4
Carbonic acid
Castor oil
Caustic potash
Caustic soda
Cellosolve
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
2
2
2
2
4
1
1
2
2
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
2
1
1
2
2
4
1
2
1
1
2
2
1
2
2
4
Cellosolve, acetate
Cellosolve, butyl
Cellosolve, methyl
Cellulose acetate (CA)
Cetane (Hexadecane)
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
2
3
1
4
4
4
4
3
3
4
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
4
4
4
4
2
2
2
4
4
4
4
4
1
Cetyl alcohol
China Wood oil (Tung oil)
Chloral hydrate
Chloramine-T
Chlordane
1
1
2
1
1
1
4
3
1
4
2
3
1
3
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
3
1
4
3
3
1
4
1
1
4
1
2
Chlorextol
Chloric acid
Chlorinated brine
Chlorinated lime
Chlorinated solvents
1
1
1
1
1
2
4
4
3
4
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
4
2
4
4
2
4
2
4
2
4
4
2
4
2
4
1
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
Chlorine dioxide
Chlorine trifluoride
Chlorine, dry
Chlorine, wet
Chloroacetic acid
1
2
1
1
1
3
4
3
3
2
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
4
1
4
1
1
1
3
4
4
4
2
4
4
2
3
4
3
4
4
4
2
4
4
4
4
4
Chloroacetone
Chlorobenzene
Chlorobromomethane
Chlorobutadiene (Chloroprene)
Chlorobutane (Butyl chloride)
1
1
1
1
1
4
2
3
2
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
2
4
4
4
4
4
2
4
2
4
3
4
4
4
4
4
1
2
1
1
1
4
1
4
1
2
2
2
1
2
1
2
2
2
2
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
2
4
4
1
1
2
1
1
4
1
4
4
4
1
4
1
4
2
2
4
2
4
2
2
1
1
1
3
1
4
4
4
3
1
2
2
4
1
2
2
2
4
1
1
2
2
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
3
VMQ (Silicone)
CSM
F L S
Static Only
2
1
1
4
1
1
4
1
HNBR
AEM
FKM (Fluorocarbon)
NR (Natural Rubber)
AU & EU
ACM
NBR (Nitrile)
IIR (Butyl)
ECO
EPR & EPDM
FEP & PFA
CR
SBR
4 = Do not use
FEPM
3 = Doubtful
PERLAST®
2 = Good
4
4
1
4
1
3
4
4
4
4
4
2
2
4
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
2
4
1
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
1
1
2
1
1
4
2
4
1 1
2 2
2
2 2
4
2
1
2
2
1
1
2
1
2
4
4
2
2
4
3
1
1
4
1
4
1
1
3
1
2
2
2
1
2
2
2
2
4
2
4
2
2
3
1
4
1
2
4
2
1
4
4
1
1
2
2
4
1
1
2
2
4
1
1
3
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
4
4
4
4 4
4 4
4 4
3
2 4
1
1
1
2
1
2
2
2 2
3 4
2
1
3 4
2
2
4
2
1
1
4
1
2
1
4
1
2
2
4
4
2
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
3
4
2
4
1
2
4
3
4
4
3
4
3
4
4
3
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
2
2
2
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
2
1 = Excellent
4
29
PPE Prefix
G A B
H J N
P Q R
V W Z
1
1
2
1
1
1
2
2
4
4
4
4
1
4
4
4
4
1
4
2
4
4
1
4
4
4
4
1
4
4
Chloronaphthalene
Chloronitroethane
Chloropentafluoroethane
Chloropentane (Amyl chloride)
Chloroprene (Chlorobutadiene)
1
1
1
Chlorosulfonic acid
Chlorothene (Trichloroethane)
Chlorotoluene (Benzyl chloride)
Chlorotrifluoroethylene (CTFE)
Chlorotrifluoromethane
1
1
1
2
2
1
2
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
2
1
Chlorox
Chrome plating solution
Chromic acid, 50%
Chromic oxide (aqueous)
Chromium sulfate
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
4
4
4
4
Citric acid
Cobalt chloride
Coconut oil
Cod liver oil
Coffee
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Coke oven gas
Coliche liquors
Coolanol
Copper acetate
Copper carbonate
1
1
1
1
1
1
Copper chloride
Copper cyanide
Copper salts
Copper sulfate, 10%
Copper sulfate, 50%
1
1
1
1
1
Copper sulfide
Corn oil
Cottonseed oil
Creosote (coal tar)
Creosote (wood tar)
1
1
1
1
1
Cresol (Cresylic acid)
Crotonaldehyde
Crotonic acid
Crude oil
Cumene (Isopropyl benzene)
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
3
4
1
4
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
2
4
2
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
1
1
1
4
4
1
4
4
4
1
4
4
2
1
3
2
2
1
1
1
4
4
4
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
1
2
4
2
1
1
1
1
4
4
1
4
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
1
1
2
4
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
1
3
2
2
3
2
2
4
4
4
2
3
4
4
4
3
4
4
4
1
1
4
4
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
1
1
1
2
1
1
4
1
1
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
3
3
1
1
4
4
2
4
4
1
4
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
4
2
4
1
1
4
2
4
1
1
4
2
1
2
2
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
4
4
3
3
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
4
4
1
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
2
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
4
2
2
4
4
4
1
4
1
1
3
3
2
2
1
4
VMQ (Silicone)
CSM
F L S
Static Only
1
4
4
3
4
4
4
1
4
4
HNBR
AEM
FKM (Fluorocarbon)
NR (Natural Rubber)
AU & EU
ACM
NBR (Nitrile)
IIR (Butyl)
ECO
EPR & EPDM
C D E
Chemical or Media
Chlorodifluoromethane
Chlorodiphenyl
Chlorododecane
Chloroethylene (Vinyl chloride)
Chloroform
FEP & PFA
CR
4 = Do not use
SBR
3 = Doubtful
FEPM
2 = Good
PERLAST®
30
1 = Excellent
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
2
2
4
4
4
4
4
3
2
2
4
4
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
2
2
4 4
4 4
4 4
3
1
1
3
1 4
3
4
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
3
4
4
2
4
4
4
2
1
2
3
2
2
4
2
1
2
2
3
2
3
3
3
1
4
1
1
4
4
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
3
3
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
2
1
2
1
4
4
1
4
2
4 2
4
4
4
4
4
1
4
1
4
1
3
1
4
1
1
2
1
2
4
1
2 4
4 4
1 2
1
1
1
1
1
3
1
1
4
4
3
1
1
3
3
3
1
1
3
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
4
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
4
4
1
1
4
4
4
1
2
4
4
4
2
4
2
4
4
4
2
2
4
1
2
3
1
1
4
4
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
4
1
4
4
2
2
4
2
1
4
4
4
4
4
2
1
4
2
4
4
4
4
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
PPE Prefix
G A B
C D E
H J N
P Q R
V W Z
Chemical or Media
Cupric chloride (Copper chloride)
Cutting oil
Cyclohexane
Cyclohexanol
Cyclohexanone
1
1
1
1
1
Cyclopentane
Cymene (Isopropyltoluene)
Decahydronaphthalene
Decalin
Decanal
1
1
1
1
1
Decane
Decanol (Decyl alcohol)
Denatured alcohol
Detergent solution
Developing fluid (photographic)
1
1
1
1
1
Dextron
Dextrose
Diacetone (Diacetone alcohol)
Diazinon
Dibenzyl ether
1
1
1
1
1
Dibenzyl sebacate
Dibromoethyl benzene
Dibutyl amine
Dibutyl ether
Dibutyl phthalate (DBP)
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
3
1
4
4
4
4
2
2
3
2
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
4
2
4
4
4
4
4
1
4
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
1
2
2
3
4
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
4
1
4
4
4
2
1
4
3
4
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
1
4
2
2
3
2
4
2
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
2
4
4
3
2
Dibutyl sebecate (DBS)
Dichloro isopropyl ether
Dichloroacetic acid
Dichlorobenzene
Dichlorobutane
1 2
1 3
1*
1
1 1
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
2
3
1
4
4
Dichlorodifluoromethane
Dichloroethyl ether
Dichloroethylene
Dichlorofluoromethane
Dichlorotetrafluoroethane
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
4
4
4
1
1
4
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
4
4
4
1
Dicyclohexylamine
Diesel oil
Diester synthetic lubricant
Diethanol amine (DEA)
Diethyl amine
1
1
1
1
1
3
1
1
4
4
4
2
3
4
3
4
1
3
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
4
1
3
Diethyl benzene
Diethyl carbonate
Diethyl ether
Diethyl phthalate (DEP)
Diethyl sebacate
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
4
3
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
2
4
4
4
VMQ (Silicone)
CSM
F L S
Static Only
1
4
4
4
2
1
1
1
2
4
3
1
2
4
4
3
1
1
4
4
3
4
4
4
4
1
1
1
1
4
2
1
2
3
4
1
1
1
2
4
1
1
1
1
4
2
2
4
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
3
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
1
1
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
2
2
2
4
4 4
4 4
4 4
4
4
1
2
1
4
4
1
2
1
1
1
1
4
4
4
1
1
2
1
3
1
2
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
4
1
1
1
2
2
3
2
1
1
1
1
4
3
4
1
4
4
2
4
4
3
1
1
4
2
4
1
1
4
4
4
1
4
4
4
1
1
4
4
4
1
1
4
2
4
2
4
4
2
2
4
4
3
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
4
2
4
4
2
3
4
4
4
4
4
2
2
4
3
3
2
4
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
2
4
3
4
4
4
2
4
4
4
4
4
2
4
4
2
3
4
1
1
2
4
4
4
1
1
4
4
4
1
1
2
4
1
4
1
2
4
4
4
1
4
4
4
1
3
3
1
2
2
3
4
1
2
4
4
4
3
4
1
3
4
4
4
2
3
4
1
1
3
4
4
4
4
3
4
3
4
4
1
3
3
4
4
4
4
4
3
3
2
3
3
2
HNBR
AEM
FKM (Fluorocarbon)
NR (Natural Rubber)
AU & EU
ACM
NBR (Nitrile)
IIR (Butyl)
ECO
EPR & EPDM
FEP & PFA
CR
SBR
4 = Do not use
FEPM
3 = Doubtful
PERLAST®
2 = Good
1
4
4
1
4
3
4
1
2
1
4
1
4
3
4
1
2
1
4
4
4
4
1
1
1
3
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
4
2
1
4
2
2
4
1
4
3
4
4
1
4
4
2
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
2
4
3
3
4
4
4
4
4
3
4
3
4
2
4
3
4
4
2
3
2
4
4
4
2
2
2
4
4
4
4
4
2
1
1
2
2
4
2
4
1
4
1
3
4
2
1 4
4
4
4 4
1 4
4
2
3
1
2
2
3
4
1
2
1
4
4
4
4
2
3
2
4 4
4 4
4
4 2
4
4
3
3
4
3
2
1 = Excellent
2
4
4
4
4
4
2
3
31
PPE Prefix
G A B
C D E
H J N
P Q R
V W Z
Chemical or Media
Diethylene ether (Dioxane)
Diethylene glycol (Digol)
Diethylene triamine
Difluorodibromomethane
Diisobutyl ketone
1
1
1
1
1
Diisobutylene
Diisodecyl adipate (DIDA)
Diisodecyl phthalate (DIDP)
Diisooctyl adipate (DIOA)
Diisooctyl phthalate (DIOP)
4
1
4
3
4
1
4
4
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
2
1
4
2
2
1
2
2
4
2
2
4
1
2
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
4
2
4
1
1
1
1
Diisooctyl sebecate (DIOS)
Diisopropyl amine
Diisopropyl benzene
Diisopropyl ketone
Dimethyl amine (DMA)
1
4
2
4
4
4
4
3
4
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
4
2
4
Dimethyl aniline
Dimethyl ether
Dimethyl formamide (DMF)
Dimethyl ketone (Acetone)
Dimethyl phthalate
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
4
2
4
4
4
3
4
4
3
4
3
4
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
3
1
2
Dimethyl sulfate
Dimethyl sulfide
Dinitrotoluene (DNT)
Dioctyl phthalate (DOP)
Dioctyl sebacate
1
1
1
1
4
2
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
Dioxane
Dioxolane
Dipentene (Limonene)
Diphenyl (Phenylbenzene)
Diphenyl oxide (Phenyl ether)
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
3
2
2
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
Dipropyl ketone (Butyrone)
Dipropylamine
Dipropylene glycol
Divinyl benzene (DVB)
Dodecyl benzene (Alkane)
1
1
1
1
1
Drinking water
Dry cleaning fluids
DTE light oil
Epichlorohydrin
Epoxy resin
1
2
1
2
1
1
3
1
4
2
2
4
4
4
1
1
4
2
4
1
Epsom salts
Ethanal (Acetaldehyde)
Ethane
Ethanethiol (Ethyl mercaptan)
Ethanol
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
3
4
4
1
2
3
2
3
1
1
1
1
3
1
1
4
2
1
4
4
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
VMQ (Silicone)
CSM
HNBR
AEM
FKM (Fluorocarbon)
NR (Natural Rubber)
AU & EU
ACM
NBR (Nitrile)
IIR (Butyl)
ECO
EPR & EPDM
FEP & PFA
CR
4 = Do not use
SBR
3 = Doubtful
FEPM
2 = Good
PERLAST®
32
1 = Excellent
F L S
Static Only
4
4
4
4
4
2
4
1
4
2
3
1
4
1
4 4
1 2
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4 4
4 4
2
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
3
3
3
3
4
3
3
4 4
4
4
4
4
3
2
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
4
4
4
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
2
4
4
4
3
4
4
4
3
4
4
4
4
2
4
4
4
2
4
4
4
4
1
4
2
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
3
3
1
2
3
2
2
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
2
4
4
2
4
4
4
4
4
4
2
4
4
4
1
4
4
2
4
4
4
3
4
4
1
2
4
1
3
3
3
3
4
2
2
4
4
4
2
2
4
3
4
1
4
4
4
4
4
3
2
4
4
4
4
4
2
1
3
2
2
4
3
4
4
3
4
1
4
2
3
4
4
4
4
4
2
4
3
3
2
2
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
2
3
4
4
4
4
4
2
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
1
1
4
4
4
4
3
3
4
2
4
4
4
4
3
2
2
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
2
1
1
4
4
4
2
1
4
4
4
2
1
4
4
4
1
4
4
2
1
1
2
4
4
1
1
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
2
1
2
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
4
3
1
4
2
4
1
4
2
4
3
1
3
1
4
3
4
4
1
4
4
4
2
4
1
3
1
4
2
4
4
1
4
4
4
4
3
4
4
1
3
4
4
4
3
1
4 4
4
1
2
1
3
1
4
4
4
1
1
1
4
4
4
2
4
1
3
1
4
1
2
1
4
1
4
4
4
1
4
4
4
3
2
3
4
4
1
1
4
1
1
1
2
3
2
4
2
1
3
1
4
2
1
4
2
3
1
1
3
2
2
1
1
2
4
3
1
3
PPE Prefix
G A B
C D E
H J N
P Q R
V W Z
Chemical or Media
Ethanol amine
Ether
Ethyl acetate
Ethyl acetoacetate
Ethyl acrylate
1
1
1
1
1
Ethyl acrylic acid
Ethyl alcohol
Ethyl aluminium dichloride
Ethyl amine (Monoethylamine)
Ethyl benzene
1
1
1
1
1
Ethyl benzoate
Ethyl bromide (Bromoethane)
Ethyl butyl acetate
Ethyl butyl alcohol
Ethyl butyl ketone
1
1
1
1
1
Ethyl butyraldehyde
Ethyl butyrate
Ethyl cellosolve
Ethyl cellulose
Ethyl chloride
1
1
1
1
1
Ethyl chlorocarbonate
Ethyl chloroformate
Ethyl cyanide (Propionitrile)
Ethyl cyclopentane
Ethyl ether (Ether)
1
4
4
3
1
2
3
1
2
4
4
3
4
2
3
4
4
3
1
1
1
1
1
2
3
2
2
3
2
3
4
4
4
4
1
4
3
4
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
1
1
4
4
4
4
2
3
3
4
1
4
3
4
4
4
2
4
1
1
1
1
1
2
4
4
3
4
4
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
2
3
4
4
4
4
3
4
4
4
3
4
4
4
4
2
1
4
2
4
4
2
4
3
4
4
4
4
4
2
4
1
4
1
2
4
1
3
4
4
1
4
3
4
4
4
1
4 4
1 1
4
3
4 4
4
4
2
2
2
4
2
4
1
4
4
4
4
3
4
2
1
1
4
1
1
4
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
4
1
4
2
2
2
1
4
4
4
2
1
4
4
3
4
2
2
4
2
1
4
3
4
4
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
2
1
3
4
4
1
2
3
4
4
4
1
3
4
4
4
4
4
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
2
1
4
4
1
4
2
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
2
4
2
4
1
1
4
1
2
3
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
2
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
2
3
3
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
3
4
3
3
Ethyl formate
Ethyl hexanol
Ethyl hexyl acetate
Ethyl hexyl alcohol
Ethyl iodide
2
1
1
1
2
1
4
2
4
2
4
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
4
2
1
2
Ethyl mercaptan (Ethanethiol)
Ethyl oxalate
Ethyl pentachlorobenzene
Ethyl silicate
Ethyl sulfate
1
1
1
1
1
Ethylene (Ethene)
Ethylene alcohol
Ethylene bromide
Ethylene chloride
Ethylene chlorohydrin
1
1
1
1
1
Ethylene diamine
Ethylene dibromide
Ethylene dichloride
Ethylene glycol
Ethylene oxide (ETO)
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
1
2
2
1
3
VMQ (Silicone)
3
3
4
4
4
4
2
3
1
1
CSM
4
3
4
4
4
4
2
2
2
1
1
Static Only
2
3
4
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
F L S
2
4
2
2
2
4
4
2
2
4
HNBR
AEM
FKM (Fluorocarbon)
NR (Natural Rubber)
AU & EU
ACM
NBR (Nitrile)
IIR (Butyl)
ECO
EPR & EPDM
FEP & PFA
CR
SBR
4 = Do not use
FEPM
3 = Doubtful
PERLAST®
2 = Good
4
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
4
1
4
1
1
3
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
1
4
1
1
4
4
3
1
4
1
4
1
3
4
4
4
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
4
2
4
1
1
1
1
2
4
4
4
4
1
3
1
4
4
2
3
1
4
4
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
4
4
2
1
1
2
1
4
4
2
1
1
4
4
4
1
4
4
4
4
2
3
4
4
4
3
3
4
4
2
1
1
1
1
1
3
1
1
1
4
4
4
4
2
4
4
1
4
1
4
4
1
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
1
3
1
4
4
1
3
1
4
4
2
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
4
4
2
4
4
1
1
1
4
4
1
4
2
4
4
2
4
4
2
4
4
4
1
4 4
2 2
4 4
2
2
3
1
3
4
4
2
4
4
1
1
2 4
1 2
4
1 2
1
2
3
3
4
1
1
4 4
4 4
4
2 2
4
4
4
1
4
2
4
4
4
2
4
2
2
2
1 = Excellent
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
2
2
1
2
4
4
2
4
3
4
4
1
1
1
3
3
2
3
1
4
4
2
4
1
4
4
3
4
3
3
1
4
2
4
4
1
4
1
4
4
1
4
33
PPE Prefix
G A B
C D E
H J N
P Q R
V W Z
Chemical or Media
Ethylene trichloride
Ethyne (Acetylene)
Fatty acids
Ferric chloride
Ferric hydroxide
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
1
1
4
2
4
1
2
4
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
3
1
3
1
1
Ferric nitrate
Ferric sulfate
Ferrous chloride
Ferrous sulfate
Fish oil
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
2
4
2
2
2
2
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
Fluoboric acid (Fluoroboric acid)
Fluorine
Fluorobenzene
Fluorochloroethylene
Fluorol (Sodium fluoride)
1
2
1
2
4
4
1
3
4
1
4
1
1
3
4
1
1
1
1
1
Fluorolube (Fluorocarbon oils)
Fluosilicic acid
Formaldehyde
Formamide
Formic acid
2
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
4
3
3
3
2
1
2
3
3
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
Freon 11
Freon 12
Freon 13
Freon 13b1
Freon 14
2
2
1
2
1
4
4
1
2
4
1
1
1
1
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
2
1
1
1
Freon 21
Freon 22
Freon 31
Freon 32
Freon 112 (Freon BF)
2
2
2
2
2
4
4
4
2
2
1
4
2
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
Freon 113 (Freon TF)
Freon 114
Freon 114b2
Freon 115
Freon 134a
3
3
3
3
2
4
4
4
4
4
2
1
3
1
3
1
1
1
1
2
Freon 502
Freon C316
Freon C318
Freon K-142b
Freon K-152a
3
2
3
3
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Freon PCA
Freon T-P35
Freon T-WD602
Freon TA
Freon TC
3
2
2
3
2
2
1
2
1
2
1
1
2
1
1
4
4
4
1
3
4
2
3
1
3
1
1
4
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
2
1
3
4
3
1
4
4
4
1
1
2
2
1
2
1
2
3
3
3
3
1
1
4
2
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
4
1
1
1
4
2
1
4
1
1
1
4
4
4
4
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
4
1
1
1
1
2
1
4
1
4
1
3
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
2
1
4
1
2
1
2
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
3
3
4
4
4
4
VMQ (Silicone)
CSM
HNBR
AEM
FKM (Fluorocarbon)
NR (Natural Rubber)
AU & EU
ACM
NBR (Nitrile)
IIR (Butyl)
ECO
EPR & EPDM
FEP & PFA
CR
4 = Do not use
SBR
3 = Doubtful
FEPM
2 = Good
PERLAST®
34
1 = Excellent
F L S
Static Only
4
2
4
3
4
1
1
1
1
4
4
1
1
2
4
3
1
2
1
1
4
2
3
2
2
4
2
3
2
2
1
2
2
1
3
3
3
3
3
3
1
3
3
3
3
2
3
3
3
3
4
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
4
4
3
4
4
1
4
4
2
2
3
4
4
4
4
1
2
2
1
4 4
4 4
2
4
1
2
3
2
4
4
1
4
2
2
3
4
1
1
3
1
3
2
1
1
1
1
2
3
3
2
4
1
1
1
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
2
2
4
3
3
4
4
4
4
1
2
2
4
4
2
4
4
2
4
1
1
4
2
1
1
1
2
2
1
2
1
4
4
4
4
1
1
2
4
4
2
4
2
2
1
4
4
4
4
4
2
1
4
4
4
3
1
4
1
2
2
2
2
2
4
1
1
1
2
1
2
2
2
4
2
1
1
2
1
4
1
3
1
4
2
1
1
3
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
4
1
4
4
4
1
2
3
3
4 4
1 4
2
1
2 4
1
1
2
1
1
4
2
2
4
3
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
4
4
4
4
2
1
1
1
3
1
1
2
1
1
4
1
4
1
4
PPE Prefix
G A B
C D E
H J N
P Q R
V W Z
Chemical or Media
Freon TMC
Fuel oil
Fumaric acid
Furan (Furfuran)
Furfural (Furfuraldehyde)
2
1
1
1
2
Furfuryl alcohol
Gallic acid
Gasohol
Gasoline
Gelatin
1
1
1
1
1
Glauber's salt
Gluconic acid
Glucose
Glycerine (Glycerol)
Glycine
1
1
1
1
1
Glycol
Glycolic acid
Glycolmonoethylether
Grease (petroleum base)
Green Sulfate liquor
1
1
1
1
2
Halothane
Halowax oil
Heavy water
HEF-2 (high energy fuel)
Helium
2
2
1
1
1
Heptanal
Heptane
Hexachlorobutadiene
Hexadecane (Cetane)
Hexalin (Cyclohexanol)
1
1
1
1
1
Hexamine
Hexane (n-Hexane)
Hexanedioic acid (Adipic acid)
Hexanol
Hexone (MIBK)
1
1
1
1
1
Hexyl alcohol
Hexylene (n-Hexene)
Hexylene glycol (Brake fluid)
Hydraulic oil (petroleum base)
Hydrazine (Diamine)
1
1
1
1
2
Hydrazine, anhydrous
Hydrobromic acid
Hydrochloric acid, 3 molar
Hydrochloric acid, 37% (cold)
Hydrochloric acid, 37% (hot)
2
1
1
1
1
3
4
2
4
4
2
3
2
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
2
4
2
3
2
4
2
4
4
1
4
3
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
4
4
1
4
4
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
3
4
2
1
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
1
4
1
4
4
2
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
1
4
1
4
4
4
4
4
2
4
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
4
4
4
1
2
4
2
1
2
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
2
3
3
1
2
2
4
4
4
2
2
2
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
4
3
3
4
2
3
3
3
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
3
1
1
1
1
1
3
1
1
3
2
4
3
2
4
4
3
2
2
1
1
4
4
1
4
4
4
2
2
4
4
1
4
2
3
2
1
4
4
4
4
4
2
3
1
1
1
4
3
1
1
2
4
2
1
1
1
1
4
1
2
1
1
1
2
1
4
4
1
4
1
4
4
1
2
1
4
1
4
4
4
4
4
1
1
1
2
1
4
1
4
1
2
2
4
4
1
2
3
1
1
2
4
3
4
1
4
1
2
2
2
4
1
2
1
1
2
3
4
4
4
4
3
1
4
4
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
3
VMQ (Silicone)
CSM
HNBR
AEM
FKM (Fluorocarbon)
NR (Natural Rubber)
AU & EU
ACM
NBR (Nitrile)
IIR (Butyl)
ECO
EPR & EPDM
FEP & PFA
CR
SBR
4 = Do not use
FEPM
3 = Doubtful
PERLAST®
2 = Good
F L S
Static Only
4
4
2
4
1
4
4
1
1*
1
4
4
2
4
4
4
2
1
1
4
3
1
1
4
4
2
4
2
4
4
3
4
2
4
4
4
4
4
3
4
4
1
4
4
1
4
1
1
1
1
4
4
4
3
3
4
2
4
3
1
4
1
2
1
1
4
2
4
4
1
4
3
4
4
1
4
3
2
4
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
1
1
4
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2 2
1 1
1 1
2
4
4
2
1
1
1 1
1 1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
2
2
3
4
2
1
1
2
1
2
4 4
2 4
4
4
4
3
1
4
4
4
3
1
4
4
1
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
2
1
1
2
1
4
4
1
4
1
4
4
1
4
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
1
2
3
1
4
2
4
2
3
4
4
4
4
1
4
4
4
1
4
4
4
4
1
2
4
1
1
1
4
2
2
1
4
2
1
2
4
1
1
1
4
2
1
2
4
4
1
3
4
4
1
4
1
4
2
1
1
4
2
4
1
4
1
1
3
1
4
1
3
4
1
2
2
3
1
2
2
2
3
1
1
1
1
1
4
2 3
2 4
2
2 2
2 2
2
1
1
2
3
4
4
3
3
4
4
4
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
3
2
3
4
1
1
1
1
1
4
3
3
3
1
4
4
3
2
2
3
2
1
2
2
4
2
1
1
1
1
2
1
3
3
1 = Excellent
4
4
4
4
35
PPE Prefix
G A B
C D E
H J N
P Q R
V W Z
Chemical or Media
Hydrochloric acid, concentrated
Hydrocyanic acid
Hydrofluoric acid, concentrated
Hydrofluosilicic acid
Hydrogen bromide
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
4
2
3
2
4
4
2
3
2
3
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
3
1
2
Hydrogen chloride
Hydrogen fluoride (HF)
Hydrogen fluoride, anhydrous
Hydrogen gas
Hydrogen peroxide, 30%
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
4
4
2
2
4
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
2
1
1
Hydrogen peroxide, 90%
Hydrogen sulfide (wet, hot)
Hydrolube (water/ethylene glycol)
Hydroquinone
Hydroxyacetic acid
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
4
3
1
4
1
4
2
2
4
2
1
1
1
1
1
3
1
1
4
2
2
2
Hypochlorous acid
Iodine
Iodine pentafluoride
Iodoform
Iso-butane
1
1
2
1
1
4
2
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
2
1
1
2
2
4
1
1
2
2
4
4
4
Iso-octane
Isoamyl acetate
Isoamyl alcohol
Isoamyl butyrate
Isoamyl chloride
1
1
1
1
1
2
4
1
4
4
4
1
4
4
3
4
1
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
4
2
1
2
4
1
Isobutyl alcohol (Isobutanol)
Isobutyl amine
Isobutyl chloride
Isobutyric acid
Isododecane
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
4
4
3
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
3
1
2
2
4
2
1
4
Isopentane
Isophorone (Ketone)
Isopropanol (Isopropyl alcohol)
Isopropyl acetate
Isopropyl alcohol (IPA)
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
4
1
4
4
2
4
2
2
4
2
4
2
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
1
2
1
Isopropyl amine
Isopropyl benzene
Isopropyl chloride
Isopropyl ether
Isopropyl toluene (Cymene)
1
1
1
1
1
3
4
4
2
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
4
1
1
1
1
1
Kel F liquids
Kerosene (Kerosine)
Lacquer solvents
Lacquers
Lactams (Amino acids)
2
1
1
1
1
3
2
4
4
3
1
4
4
4
4
3
4
4
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
4
4
2
4
4
3
1
2
1
1
4
2
4
2
4
4
4
1
1
1
4
3
1
1
4
4
4
1
2
3
1
2
4
1
VMQ (Silicone)
CSM
F L S
Static Only
4
2
3
1
2
1
1
2
1
2
4
3
4
2
4
3
2
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
2
4
4
3
4
1
2
1
1
4
3
4
4
4
4
4
2
4
4
4
1
4
2
4
4
2
2
1
2
3
1
1
4
4
1
4
4
4
1
2
4
4
3
1
1
3
3
1
2
4
4
3
1
3
4
1
3
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
3
2
2
1
3
1
3
1
4
4
2
3
2
2
1
3 2
2 3
2
4 3
1 1
2
2
4
1
4
4
2
4
4
4
4
3
1
4
4
4
4
2
4
4
4
4
3
1
4
2
1
4
2
4
3
1
4
4
2
1
2
3
1
4
1
4
4
1
4
2
1
1
1
4
1
4
2
1
4
4
4
1
4
4
1
1
4
4
4
2
2
4
4
2
2
3
3
1
4
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
2
4
2
4
1
1
2
1
1
4
2
4
2
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
4
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
4
4
4
4
2
4
4
3
4
4
4
3
4
4
4
3
4
1
4
4
4
2
2
4
4
1
4
4
4
2
1
1
4
4
4
2
4
4
1
4
4
1
4
4
3
HNBR
AEM
FKM (Fluorocarbon)
NR (Natural Rubber)
AU & EU
ACM
NBR (Nitrile)
IIR (Butyl)
ECO
EPR & EPDM
FEP & PFA
CR
4 = Do not use
SBR
3 = Doubtful
FEPM
2 = Good
PERLAST®
36
1 = Excellent
3
2 3
4 4
1
1
4
2
1
1
3
1
1
3
1
3
2
2
2
1
4
2
1
1 1
3
4 1
1
2 4
1
4
1
4
1
4
3
4
3
1
4
2
4
2
1
4
2
4
2
3
4
1
4
1
2
4
1
4
1
2
4
4
4
4
4
1
1
4
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
4
2
2
3
2
3
4
4
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
2
1
4
4
4
2
4
4
2
4
4
4
2
1
4
4
4
1
3
4
4
2
4 2
2 4
4 2
1
4 2
4
1
4
4
4
PPE Prefix
G A B
C D E
H J N
P Q R
V W Z
Chemical or Media
Lactic acid (cold)
Lactic acid (hot)
Lard
Lauryl alcohol (n-Dodecanol)
Lavender oil
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
1
4
1
4
2
1
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
2
2
4
Lead acetate
Lead chloride
Lead chromate
Lead nitrate
Lead sulfamate
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
4
1
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Light grease
Ligroin (Nitrobenzine)
Lime bleach
Lime sulfur
Limonene (Dipentene)
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
3
4
4
2
4
4
4
2
2
1
4
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
1
1
4
Lindol (Tritolyl phosphate)
Linoleic acid
Linseed oil
Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)
Liquid oxygen
1
1
1
1
4
1
1
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
3
2
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
3
4
4
Liquimoly
Lithium bromide
Lithium chloride
Lithium hydroxide
Lithophone
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
1
4
4
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
1
1
1
Lubricating oil (di-ester base)
Lubricating oil (petroleum base)
Lye solution
Magnesium acetate
Magnesium chloride
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
4
4
2
4
1
3
2
2
4
4
1
2
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
Magnesium hydroxide
Magnesium salts
Magnesium sulfate
Malathion
Maleic acid
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
4
4
2
1
2
3
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
1
Maleic anhydride
Malic acid (Apple acid)
Managanese (II) chloride
Manganese carbonate
Manganese sulfate
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
2
4
4
1
4
2
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
1
1
Mercuric chloride
Mercuric cyanide
Mercurous nitrate
Mercury
Mesityl oxide
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
4
2
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
2
2
2
1
4
1
4
1
1
2
4
4
1
1
4
2
3
1
4
2
1
4
2
4
2
1
2
1
1
1
3
3
3
1
2
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
1
4
1
1
1
4
2
1
1
4
4
4
4
2
1
1
4
1
4
3
4
4
4
2
1
1
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
4
4
1
2
1
2
1
2
4
1
1
1
1
4
4
2
1
1
2
4
4
4
1
1
1
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
2
1
2
2
1
4
4
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
2
1
4
1
1
4
2
1
1
1
2
4
3
3
1
1
2
4
1
2
4
4
4
4
2
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
2
1
4
4
4
1
3
4
4
3
2
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
2
2
1
1
4
4
4
3
4
4
1
2
1
1
4
2
2
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
2
1
4
4
2
4
4
3
4
4
2
4
1
1
1
2
4
1
4
1
4
4
1
4
4
3
2
1
2
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
1
3
1
1
4
1
4
1
4
VMQ (Silicone)
CSM
F L S
Static Only
1
4
4
1
4
4
4
4
4
HNBR
AEM
FKM (Fluorocarbon)
NR (Natural Rubber)
AU & EU
ACM
NBR (Nitrile)
IIR (Butyl)
ECO
EPR & EPDM
FEP & PFA
CR
SBR
4 = Do not use
FEPM
3 = Doubtful
PERLAST®
2 = Good
4
4
1
1
4
1
1
2
1
2
1
3
3
2
4
4
3
4
2
2
2
4
2
3
3
1
4
1
1
1
1
4
1
1
2
1
4
2
2
4
2
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
3
4
3
2
1
4
4
4
2
1
4
4
2
1
2
4
3
2
1
3
4
4
4
3
4
4
3
2
1
3
4
1
3
3
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
1
1
4
1
1
2
2
1
1
4
1
2
2
1
2
4
4
2
2
1
1
4
4
1
4
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
1
1
2
1
4
1
1
3
3
1
4
1
4
1
3
3
1
1
1
4
2 2
1
1 2
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
1
1
1 3
1
4
1
4
1
4
1 2
4 4
1 = Excellent
1
1 3
1 1
1 1
4
4 3
37
PPE Prefix
H J N
P Q R
V W Z
Methacrylacid methylester
Methacrylic acid
Methane
Methanol (Methyl alcohol)
Methyl acetate
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
1
4
4
2
2
1
3
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
4
1
2
Methyl acetoacetate
Methyl acrylate
Methyl acrylic acid (Crotonic acid)
Methyl alcohol (Methanol)
Methyl amine
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
4
1
2
4
2
2
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
2
Methyl amyl acetate
Methyl amyl alcohol
Methyl benzoate
Methyl bromide
Methyl butyl ketone
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
4
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
2
Methyl butyrate
Methyl carbonate
Methyl cellosolve
Methyl cellulose
Methyl chloride
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
4
2
4
4
4
3
2
4
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
2
2
3
Methyl chloroformate
Methyl cyanide (Acetonitrile)
Methyl cyclopentane
Methyl dichloride
Methyl ether
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
4
1
4
4
3
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
4
3
2
Methyl ethyl ketone (MEK)
Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide
Methyl formate
Methyl glycol acetate
Methyl iodide
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
2
4
4
2
3
4
1
1
1
1
1
Methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK)
Methyl isopropyl ketone
Methyl mercaptan
Methyl methacrylate (MMA)
Methyl oleate
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
2
4
4
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
Methyl phenyl ether (Anisole)
Methyl propyl ketone
Methyl salicylate
Methylene bromide
Methylene chloride
1
1
1
1
1
3
4
4
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
1 2 4
4
Contact technical department
1
1 1 4
2
1 2 4
4
2
2
1
4
4
4
1
4
2
4
4
2
2
1
2
4
4
1
2
4
4
1
2
4
4
4
2
2
2
1
1
4
4
4
2
4
1
4
4
2
1
1
4
2
4
4
3
4
4
4
4
1
4
4
4
4
2
2
3
4
4
3
2
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
2
4
4
2
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
2
4
4
2
4
4
VMQ (Silicone)
CSM
HNBR
AEM
FKM (Fluorocarbon)
NR (Natural Rubber)
AU & EU
ACM
NBR (Nitrile)
IIR (Butyl)
ECO
EPR & EPDM
C D E
Chemical or Media
Methylene dichloride
MIL- spec fluids
Milk
Mineral oil
Monobromo benzene
38
G A B
FEP & PFA
CR
4 = Do not use
SBR
3 = Doubtful
FEPM
2 = Good
PERLAST®
1 = Excellent
F L S
Static Only
4
1
4
4
3
4
4
4
1
4
4
3
1
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
2
4
4
3
1
2
2
1
4
4
1
1
4
4
2
2
4
4
4
4 4
4
2 4
1 2
4 4
4
4
4
1
1
4
4
4
2
4
4
1
1
4
4
3
4
4
2
4
1
1
4
1
4 4
4 3
4 3
4
4
2
4
1
4
4
2
4
1
4
4
4
2
4
2
4
4
2
4
4
2
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
4
2
4
1
2
1
2
2
1
4 4
4
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
3
4
4
2
4
4
2
4
4
4
4
4
3
2
2
3
2
1
1
4
4
4
2
3
2
2
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
4
4
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
2
2
3
2
1
3
2
4
4
3
2
1
3
2
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4 4
4 4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
4
4
4
4
4
2
4 3
4 3
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
4
4
2
2
4
4
4
4
3
4
4
4
4
2
4
4 3
4
4 4
2
4 4
1
2
1
2 2
4 4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
1
2
2
4
4
4
2
2
4
4
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
2
3
1
1
1
1
3
4
1
4
3
4
1
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
4
1
1
1
4
2
4
1
4
4 4
4 4
4 1
4
2
3
2
PPE Prefix
G A B
C D E
H J N
P Q R
V W Z
Chemical or Media
Monochloro acetic acid
Monochloro acetone
Monochloro benzene
Monoethanolamine (MEA)
Monoethylamine (Ethyl amine)
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
4
2
3
4
2
4
4
3
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
4
2
1
Monomethyl amine (MMA)
Monomethyl aniline
Monomethyl ether
Monomethyl hydrazine
Monovinyl acetylene
1
1
1
1
1
4
3
2
2
4
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
4
1
1
Morpholine
Mustard gas
n-Dodecanol (Lauryl alcohol)
n-Heptane
n-Hexaldehyde
1
1
1
1
1
4
3
1
4
4
2
3
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
3
2
4
1
n-Hexane
n-Hexanol
n-Hexene (Hexylene)
n-Octane
n-Pentane
1
1
1
1
1
4
2
4
4
3
2
2
2
4
2
1
1
1
1
1
n-Propyl acetate (Propyl acetate)
n-Propyl acetone
n-Propyl nitrate (NPN)
Naphtha
Naphtha coal tar (Benzol)
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
Naphthalene (Tar camphor)
Naphthenic acid
Natural gas
Neatsfoot oil
Neohexane
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
4
4
3
4
4
Neon
Neville acid
Nickel acetate (Diacetate)
Nickel chloride
Nickel nitrate (Dinitrate)
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
1
Nickel salts
Nickel sulfate
Niter cake
Nitric acid (3 molar)
Nitric acid (concentrated)
1
1
1
1
1
Nitric acid (red fuming) (RFNA)
Nitrobenzene
Nitrobenzine (Ligroin)
Nitroethane
Nitrogen
2
1
1
1
1
4
1
2
1
2
4
4
4
4
3
2
4
2
2
4
4
4
4
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
2
1
1
1
3
4
1
2
1
1
4
1
4
4
3
4
2
3
4
4
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
3
2
1
2
1
1
1
2
1
4
4
4
4
1
3
4
2
4
4
4
4
4
1
4
1
1
4
1
4
1
3
4
3
1
4
4
4
3
4
4
4
1
2
2
2
1
4
3
4
4
4
1
1
2
2
1
1
4
1
4
1
2
4
2
4
4
4
2
4
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
3
3
3
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
4
4
4
4
4
1
4
2
1
2
4
4
4
4
4
2
4
4
4
4
2
4
4
4
4
2
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
2
4
2
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
4
2
4
4
2
1
1
4
4
4
2
4
4
2
1
1
1
4
4
2
1
1
3
4
2
1
4
4
4
2
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
2
3
2
1
4
4
2
1
1
4
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
4
3
1
1
1
4
4
3
1
4
3
1
4
3
3
1
1
1
4
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
1
4
4
2
2
1
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
4
2
2
1
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
3
4
4
4
4
3
3
1
4
4
2
3
1
4
4
3
1
2
2
1
4
4
4
2
1
4
4
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
4
2
1
4
4
1
4
1
2
4
4
2
1
4
4
1
4
1
4
4
1
4
1
4
4
2
4
1
4
4
4
2
1
3
4
2
3
3
2
4
4
4
4
4
4
2
4
3
4
1
2
2
1
4
2
VMQ (Silicone)
CSM
F L S
Static Only
2
1
1
4
2
3
4
HNBR
AEM
FKM (Fluorocarbon)
NR (Natural Rubber)
AU & EU
ACM
NBR (Nitrile)
IIR (Butyl)
ECO
EPR & EPDM
FEP & PFA
CR
SBR
4 = Do not use
FEPM
3 = Doubtful
PERLAST®
2 = Good
4
3
4
4
3
4
4
4
2
4 2
2 4
2 2
4
1
1
4
2
1
2
2
3
2
2
2
2
1
1
2
1
2
3
2
2
2
4
2
4
2
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
2
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
4
4
2
4
4
4
4
4
2
4
1
4
4
2
1
4
2
1
1
2
4
1
1
4
4
1
1
1
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
4
4
1
1
1
3
4
1
1
1
3
3
1
1
1
4
4
1
1
1
4
4
3
2
1
4
1
4
4
4
4
1
4
4
1
4
1
4
4
1
4
1
4
4
3
2
1
4
4
4
4
1
4
2
4
1 = Excellent
4
2
39
PPE Prefix
G A B
C D E
H J N
P Q R
V W Z
Chemical or Media
Nitrogen tetroxide
Nitromethane
Nitropropane
Nitrous acid
o-Chloronaphthalene
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
2
o-Cresol (Cresylic acid)
o-Dichlorobenzene
Octachlorotoluene
Octadecane
Octanol (Octyl alcohol)
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
1
1
1
1
4
2
2
1
4
4
4
4
4
2
4
4
4
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
Octyl acetate
Octyl alcohol (Octanol)
Oleic acid
Olein (Triolene)
Oleum (fuming sulfuric acid)
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
2
4
4
4
2
4
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
Olive oil
Orthochloroethylbenzene
Oxalic acid
Oxygen (100 to 200°C)
Oxygen (below 100°C)
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
2
1
4
4
2
4
4
2
4
2
4
1
1
1
2
2
4
1
4
1
Ozone (50 PPHM)
Paint thinner (Duco)
Palmitic acid
Par-al-ketone
Para-dichlorobenzene
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
4
3
4
4
3
4
4
2
4
2
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
2
4
4
1
4
2
Paraffins
Paraldehyde
Peanut oil
Penicillin
Pentachloroethane (Pentalin)
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
2
3
1
4
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
3
1
Pentachlorophenol (PCP)
Pentane (Amyl hydride)
Pentanol
Pentyl alcohol (Amyl alcohol)
Pentyl amine (Amyl amine)
1
1
1
1
1
4
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
1
1
Perchloric acid
Perchloroethylene (Perchlor)
Petrolatum
Petroleum oil (above 1???)
Petroleum oil (below 1???)
Petroleum oil, crude
Phenol (Carbolic acid)
Phenol sulfonic acid
Phenyl acetate
Phenyl benzene
1
1
1
1
1
4
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
4
1
4
4
4
3
2
2
4
4
4
4
4
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
1
4
4
4
1
2
4
4
4
2
4
4
4
4
1
4
4
4
4
4
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
4
2
2
2
2
4
2
4
4
2
3
3
4
4
4
2
4
4
3
4
4
4
2
4
4
4
4
1
1
2
1
2
4
1
4
1
1
4
2
4
2
1
4
4
4
2
1
4
4
4
1
4
4
2
4
2
1
1
1
2
1
1
4
2
4
4
2
4
2
4
4
1
4
4
4
4
1
4
3
4
4
4
4
3
4
4
4
1
3
1
4
1
1
1
1
3
2
4
3
4
4
4
1
1
4
1
1
1
4
1
2
2
2
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
2
2
2
4
2
3
4
2
1
4
4
4
4
2
4
4
4
4
2
4
4
VMQ (Silicone)
CSM
4
4
4
4
3
4
4
4
4
1
2
4 4
2 4
4 4
2
4 4
4
4
2
4
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
2
4
4
4
2
2
4
4
4
4
2
4
4
2 2
4 4
4
4 4
4
4
1
1
4
2
3
1
1
2
1
4
1
2
4
2
4
1
1
4
2
2
1
1
2
1
4
1
1
4
4
1
4
1
4
1
3
1
4
2
1
4
3
4
4
1
4
4
4
4
1
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
1 1
2
1
1
3 1
4
4
3 4
2 4
2 4
3
2
4
4
3
2
2
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
3
1
1
4
1
2
1
4
3
1
2
1
1
2
1
4
2
2
4
2
4
2
1
4
1
4
1
1
2 4
4 4
4
4
4
2
4 4
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
4
1
1
1
4
4
4
4
4
2
4
2
4
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
4
4
4
4
3
3
1
2
1
2
4
4
4
4
4
3
1
4
1
4
4
1
4
2
4
4
1
4
2
4
4
4
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
4
4
4
2
4
1
1
1
1
1
4
2
4
4
2
3
1
4
1
4
2
4
4
4
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
1
2
4
1
4
4
4
4
4
2
4
3
3
4
2
2
2
2
F L S
Static Only
4
4
4
1
4
2
4
4
4
4
3
4
HNBR
AEM
FKM (Fluorocarbon)
NR (Natural Rubber)
AU & EU
ACM
NBR (Nitrile)
IIR (Butyl)
ECO
EPR & EPDM
FEP & PFA
CR
4 = Do not use
SBR
3 = Doubtful
FEPM
2 = Good
PERLAST®
40
1 = Excellent
4
4
4
4
2
PPE Prefix
G A B
C D E
H J N
P Q R
V W Z
Chemical or Media
Phenyl ether (Diphenyl oxide)
Phenyl ethyl ether (Phenetole)
Phenyl hydrazine
Phenyl methyl ketone
Phorone
1
1
1
1
1
Phosgene
Phosphate esters
Phosphoric acid (3 molar)
Phosphoric acid (concentrated)
Phosphorus oxychloride
1
1
1
1
1
Phosphorus trichloride
Phthalic acid
Phthalic anhydride
Picric acid, H2
Pine oil
1
1
1
1
1
Pinene
Piperidine
Plating solution, chrome
Pneumatic service
Potassium acetate
1
1
1
1
1
Potassium bicarbonate
Potassium bisulfate
Potassium bisulfite
Potassium bromide
Potassium carbonate (Potash)
2
4
1
4
4
4
2
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
4
1
2
2
1
2
4
2
3
1
4
3
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
4
2
1
2
4
4
2
4
2
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
4
1
1
1
1
4
4
4
4
4
3
4
4
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
Potassium chlorate
Potassium chloride
Potassium chromate
Potassium copper cyanide
Potassium cyanide
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
Potassium dichromate
Potassium ferricyanide
Potassium ferrocyanide
Potassium fluoride
Potassium hydroxide, 50%
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
2
2
2
Potassium hypochlorite
Potassium iodate
Potassium iodide
Potassium nitrate
Potassium nitrite
1
1
1
1
1
3
1
1
1
2
4
1
1
1
Potassium oxalate
Potassium perchlorate
Potassium permanganate
Potassium persulfate
Potassium phosphate
1
1
1
1
1
4
3
4
4
1
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
2
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
4
1
1
3
3
2
4
4
4
4
4
1
1
4
2
2
4
4
4
1
4
1
4
4
1
4
4
4
4
4
3
3
4
4
4
4
2
3
2
1
1
1
4
3
4
4
4
4
1
4
2
2
4
4
4
3
2
4
1
2
2
1
1
4
4
2
1
1
2
4
4
1
2
4
4
4
4
4
3
4
4
1
4
4
4
4
4
2
1
4
1
1
4
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
3
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
1
1
1
3
3
3
3
4
3
3
3
3
2
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
4
4
2
3
3
3
1
2
4
2
1
1
1
1
4
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
1
1
1
4
4
3
3
4
3
3
1
1
1
1
2
3
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
3
4
4
2
1
3
2
2
2
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
1
1
3
2
3
4
1
4
4
2
VMQ (Silicone)
CSM
F L S
Static Only
4
4
1
4
4
1
3
4
4
HNBR
AEM
FKM (Fluorocarbon)
NR (Natural Rubber)
AU & EU
ACM
NBR (Nitrile)
IIR (Butyl)
ECO
EPR & EPDM
FEP & PFA
CR
SBR
4 = Do not use
FEPM
3 = Doubtful
PERLAST®
2 = Good
3
1
1
1
1
4
4
4
4
4
2
4
2
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
2
3
3
2
2
2
4 4
2 2
3 3
4
4
1
4 4
1
4
4
2
2
2
1
1 4
4 4
4
4
2
4
4
1
4
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1 1
1
1
3
1
1
1
4
1
3
4
3
4
4
1 = Excellent
4
4
4
4
4
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1 1
4
4
2
3
1 3
2
2
2
3
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1 1
1 1
1 1
2
2
2
3
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
2
1 1
3 1
1 1
41
PPE Prefix
G A B
C D E
H J N
P Q R
V W Z
Chemical or Media
Potassium salts
Potassium silicate
Potassium sulfate
Potassium sulfide
Potassium sulfite
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Potassium tartrate
Potassium thiocyanate
Producer gas
Propane (LPG)
Propanol (Propyl alcohol)
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Propionaldehyde (Propanal)
Propionic acid
Propionitrile (Ethyl cyanide)
Propyl acetate (n-Propyl acetate)
Propyl alcohol (1-Propanol)
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
Propyl amine
Propyl nitrate (n-Propyl nitrate)
Propylene (Propene)
Propylene chlorohydrin
Propylene dichloride
1
1
1
1
1
Propylene glycol
Propylene oxide
Pyridene
Pyrogallol (Pyrogallic acid)
Pyrrole (Azole)
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
1
1
2
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
1
4
4
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
1
3
2
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
4
4
1
3
3
1
1
2
1
3
2
1
4
2
1
1
4
2
1
4
3
2
4
2
4
2
4
4
4
4
4
2
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
2
4
4
3
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
3
3
Quinine (Bisulfate) (Sulfate)
1
Quinone
1
Radiation
Contact technical department
Rapeseed oil
1 1 4
3
Red oil (MIL-H-5606)
1 2 4
2
1
1
4
1
1
2
4
RJ-1 (MIL-F-25576)
Rosin
Rotenone
RP-1 (MIL-F-25576)
Sal ammoniac
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
1
1
4
1
2
3
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
1
4
1
Salicylic acid
Sea water (Brine)
Sewage
Silicate esters
Silicone grease
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
4
1
1
2
2
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
Silicone oil
Silicone tetrachloride
Silver bromide
Silver chloride
Silver cyanide
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
4
4
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
4
4
4
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
4
3
4
4
4
4
2
1
4
1
1
3
3
4
4
1
2
2
4
4
1
4
4
3
4
1
1
2
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
VMQ (Silicone)
CSM
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
1
3
3
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
1 2
1
2
3
3
3
1
1
1
3
4
4
3
1
4
1
3
4
1
2 4
4 4
1 2
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
2
4 4
4 4
4 4
1
4
4
4
4
3
4
4
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
3
2
1
4
4
3
1
3
3
1
4
4
3
1
4
4
F L S
Static Only
4
1
1
4
1
4
HNBR
AEM
FKM (Fluorocarbon)
NR (Natural Rubber)
AU & EU
ACM
NBR (Nitrile)
IIR (Butyl)
ECO
EPR & EPDM
FEP & PFA
CR
4 = Do not use
SBR
3 = Doubtful
FEPM
2 = Good
PERLAST®
42
1 = Excellent
3
1
1
4
1 1
1
2 1
1
1 1
2 2
3 4
1 2
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
4 4
4 4
4
4
4
4 3
2
2
2
4
4
4
4
4
4
2
4
2
2
1
1
2
4
1
1
1
1
2
1
4
4
1
1
3
4
1
1
1
1
3 3
2 4
1
4
1
4
1
4
4
1
1
1
2
2 4
2
4
1
1
3
1
3
4
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
2
2 4
1 3
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
4
1
1
1
1
2
1
4
4
4
4
1
4
4
4
3
1
2
1
1
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
1
4
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1 4
1
1
3
4
4
4
1
4
1
1
3
3
1
1
4
1
1
1
4
3
3
PPE Prefix
G A B
H J N
P Q R
V W Z
1 1 1
1 1 4
1 1 4
See Detergent solution
1 2 4
VMQ (Silicone)
CSM
1
1
1
3
4
4
1
2
1
1
4
4
3
4
4
3
4
4
1
4
4
1
4
2
2
4
4
1
4
4
1
3
3
1 1
4 3
4 3
2
1
1
3
1
2
3
3
2
4
4
4
4
4 4
1
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
1
1
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
3
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
1 1
1 1
3 1
1
1
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
3
3
4
2
3
4
4
4
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
3
3
1
1
2
1
1
1 1
1 1
4 2
2
1 2
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
1
1
4
4
4
4
4
3
1
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1 1
1 1
1 1
1
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
4
1
2
1
1
3 1
2
2
1
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
1
1
3
1
1
3
3
1
1
3
1
1
3
3
1
1
1
1
1
3
1 1
1 1
3
1 2
4
3
1
2
1
1
2
1
1
1
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
1
1
1
1
2
1 1
1 1
1 2
2
1
2
2
3
3
1
4
4
4
4
4
2
2
3
3
1
2
1
1
1
1
4 2
1 1
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
3
1
1
1
1 4
1 4
2
1
1
1
1
3
1
1
1
Sodium bisulfate
Sodium bisulfite
Sodium borate (Borax)
Sodium bromate
Sodium bromide
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
4
2
4
4
1
Sodium carbonate (Soda ash)
Sodium chlorate
Sodium chloride
Sodium chlorite
Sodium chromate
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Sodium citrate
Sodium cyanide
Sodium dichromate
Sodium ethylate
Sodium ferricyanide
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
1
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Sodium ferrocyanide
Sodium fluoride (Fluorol)
Sodium hydrogen sulfate
Sodium hydrogen sulfite
Sodium hydroxide (Caustic soda)
1
1
1
1
1
4
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Sodium hypochlorite, 20%
Sodium hyposulfite
Sodium iodide
Sodium lactate
Sodium metaphosphate
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
4
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
2
1
Sodium metasilicate
Sodium nitrate
Sodium nitrite
Sodium oleate
Sodium oxalate
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
Sodium perborate
Sodium perchlorate
Sodium peroxide
Sodium persulfate
Sodium phosphate (Di-basic)
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
Static Only
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
F L S
1
4
4
Sodium aluminate
Sodium arsenite
Sodium benzoate
Sodium bicarbonate (Baking soda)
Sodium bichromate
1
1
HNBR
AEM
FKM (Fluorocarbon)
NR (Natural Rubber)
AU & EU
ACM
NBR (Nitrile)
IIR (Butyl)
ECO
EPR & EPDM
C D E
Chemical or Media
Silver nitrate
Skydrol 500
Skydrol 7000
Soap solutions
Sodium acetate
FEP & PFA
CR
4 = Do not use
SBR
3 = Doubtful
FEPM
PERLAST®
2 = Good
1
1
2
1
1
2
2
4
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
1
2
2
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
4
4
4
1
1
2
2
4
2
1
1
4
3
4
3
1
3
1
1
3
3
2
3
2
3
1
1
1
3
3
2
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
2
2
3
1
4
4
4
4
4
2
2
1
1
1
1
3
1
1
2
4
4
3
1
2
1
1
2 2
1
2
4
4
2
4
2
1
2 4
1
1
3
3
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1 4
1 = Excellent
43
PPE Prefix
G A B
C D E
H J N
P Q R
V W Z
Chemical or Media
Sodium phosphate (Mono-basic)
Sodium phosphate (Tri-basic)
Sodium pyrophosphate
Sodium salts
Sodium silicate
1
1
1
1
1
Sodium sulfate
Sodium sulfide
Sodium sulfite
Sodium tartrate
Sodium tetraborate
1
1
1
1
1
Sodium thiosulfate
Sour crude oil
Sour natural gas
Soybean oil
Stannic chloride
1
1
1
1
4
1
1
2
2
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
2
4
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
2
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
3
1
4
4
1
3
3
Stannic chloride, 50%
Stannous chloride, 15%
Starch
Stauffer 7700
Steam (to 150°C)
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
4
4
3
2
1
4
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
Steam (to 175°C)
Steam (to 200°C)
Steam (to 260°C)
Stearic acid
Stoddard solvent
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
3
1
2
4
4
4
3
4
4
4
4
3
2
1
1
1
1
1
Styrene (Vinylbenzene) Monomer
Succinic acid
Sucrose solution
Sulfamic acid
Sulfur
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
4
1
1
2
4
4
2
2
2
1
Sulfur chloride
Sulfur dioxide (dry)
Sulfur dioxide (wet)
Sulfur hexafluoride
Sulfur trioxide (dry)
1
1
1
2
1
1
2
2
2
2
4
2
3
4
4
Sulfur, molten
Sulfuric acid (3 molar)
Sulfuric acid (concentrated)
Sulfuric acid, fuming
Sulfurous acid
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
Sulfuryl chloride
Tannic acid
Tar, bituminous
Tartaric acid
Terpineol (Terpilenol)
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
1
1
3
3
4
1
4
1
1
1
1
2
1
3
1
4
4
4
4
1
1
2
1
2
3
2
2
2
1
1
1
3
1
1
3
3
1
2
2
2
1
1
2
1
3
1
4
3
1
1
1
4
2
4
2
4
4
4
1
1
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
2
4
4
4
4
2
4
4
4
4
4
1
1
1
4
1
4
1
1
1
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
3
4
4
4
4
3
1
4
4
4
3
4
4
4
4
3
1
4
4
4
4
1
4
4
4
3
1
4
4
4
3
4
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
1
1
1
4
4
1
1
1
1
4
1
1
2
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
2
1
2
4
1
4
4
3
1
4
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
1
1
3
4
2
1
1
3
4
4
4
2
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
4
4
3
1
4
4
2
1
4
3
4
4
2
3
3
4
4
2
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
4
4
2
3
3
4
4
2
4
4
4
4
2
4
2
4
4
4
4
3
4
4
4
4
3
4
4
2
2
3
4
2
4
2
2
3
2
4
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
4
2
3
2
2
4
2
3
4
2
2
1
2
4
4
4
4
3
3
3
2
2
1
3
2
4
3
4
3
1
4
2
4
4
2
2
2
2
1
4
VMQ (Silicone)
CSM
F L S
Static Only
1
1
1
1
1
2
3
3
HNBR
AEM
FKM (Fluorocarbon)
NR (Natural Rubber)
AU & EU
ACM
NBR (Nitrile)
IIR (Butyl)
ECO
EPR & EPDM
FEP & PFA
CR
4 = Do not use
SBR
3 = Doubtful
FEPM
2 = Good
PERLAST®
44
1 = Excellent
2
2
1
1
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1 4
1 3
2
1 1
1 1
3
4
4
1
1
1
3
1
1
2
1
1
1 1
2 2
1 1
2
1
2
1
2
2
1
1
1
4
4
1
1
1 1
4
4
3 1
4 2
2
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
2
4
4
1
1
4
4
2
2
1
4
3
1
1
3
2
1
4
4
4
4
1
3
4
4
2
1
4
4
4
2
1
4
4
4
3
4
4
4
4
3
4
2
1
1
4
4
2
1
3
1
1
4
1
1
4
1
4
1
2
2
1
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
3
2
4
2
2
2
2
2
4
4
3
2
4
3
2
2
2
3
1
1
1
2
1
1
4
4
4
4
3
4
4
2
3
3
4
4
3
4
3
4
4
1
3
4
4
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
4
3
4
4
1
2
1
3
1
1
1
1
1
2
4
1
4
2
2
1
4
2
3
2
4
4
1
PPE Prefix
G A B
C D E
H J N
P Q R
V W Z
Chemical or Media
Tertiary butyl alcohol
Tertiary butyl catechol
Tertiary butyl mercaptan
Tetrabromoethane
Tetrabromomethane
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
3
2
3
4
4
4
2
2
4
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
4
4
4
Tetrabutyl titanate (TBT)
Tetrachlorodifluoroethane
Tetrachloroethane
Tetrachloroethylene
Tetrachloromethane
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
3
4
4
4
2
2
4
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
Tetraethyl lead
Tetraethylene glycol (TEG)
Tetrafluoromethane
Tetrahydrofuran (THF)
Tetralin (Tetrahydronaphthalene)
1
1
1
1
1
3
1
4
4
3
1
1
4
4
1
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
Thioglycolic acid
Thionyl chloride
Thiophene (Thiofuran)
Titanium sulfate
Titanium tetrachloride
1
1
1
1
2
2
4
4
4
4
4
1
4
4
1
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
1
4
Toluene (Toluol)
Toluene di-isocyanide (TDI)
Toluidine
Transformer oil
Transmission fluid, type A
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
4
2
4
4
4
Triacetin
Trialkyl phosphate
Triaryl phosphate
Tributoxyl ethyl phosphate
Tributyl mercaptan
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
1
1
3
4
4
2
4
2
4
4
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
4
Tributyl phosphate (TBP)
Trichloroacetic acid (TCA)
Trichlorobenzene
Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene
1
1*
1
1
1
2
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
4
4
4
4
Trichlorofluoromethane
Trichloropropane
Trichlorotrifluoroethane
Tricresyl phosphate (TCP)
Tridecyl alcohol (Tridecanol)
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
2
4
1
3
1
1
4
1
1
1
1
1
4
3
3
2
1
4
Triethanol amine (TEA)
Triethyl aluminium (ATE)
Triethyl amine
Triethyl borane
Triethyl phosphate (TEP)
2
1
1
1
1
2
4
3
4
2
3
3
4
1
1
1
1
1
2
3
4
3
4
3
4
4
4
3
4
4
1
1
2
4
4
4
1
1
2
4
4
2
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
2
4
4
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
3
4
4
4
4
1
4
4
4
4
3
4
4
2
2
4
4
4
4
2
2
4
4
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
2
4
4
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
4
4
4
2
4
1
4
4
2
1
1
4
4
4
1
3
4
4
1
1
3
4
1
4
4
1
4
3
4
1
1
4
4
1
1
1
4
1
3
4
4
3
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
4
4
1
4
3
1
3
3
1
4
4
3
2
1
4
4
4
4
1
1
4
4
1
4
2
1
1
1
1
2
4
4
3
4
4
4
1
1
1
4
4
4
4
4
2
4
4
4
2
3
4
4
4
4
3
2
1
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
4
1
2
2
2
2
1
2
3
2
2
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
2
1
1
4
4
4
4
4
1
1
3
4
4
1
2
2
1
4
2
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
2
2
4
4
4
4
2
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
2
1
2
4
1
4
1
4
4
4
4
2
4
2
3
4
3
3
4
3
4
4
4
3
4
3
4
4
3
4
4
4
VMQ (Silicone)
CSM
F L S
Static Only
2
2
4
4
4
4
HNBR
AEM
FKM (Fluorocarbon)
NR (Natural Rubber)
AU & EU
ACM
NBR (Nitrile)
IIR (Butyl)
ECO
EPR & EPDM
FEP & PFA
CR
SBR
4 = Do not use
FEPM
3 = Doubtful
PERLAST®
2 = Good
2
4
4
4
2
4
4
4
3
2
1
2
2
2
2
4
4
4
2
3
4
4
4
1
4
2
2
2
1
2
4
4
4
2
4
4
4
4
2
4
1
1
4
4
4
1
4
4
2
1
1
4
4
3
4
1
4
3
4
1
4
4
3
2
1
2
3
4
2
1
1
2
4
4
4
1
1
4
4
2
2
3
2
4
4
4
4
4
2
4
3
4
4
2
2
4
4
4
4
4
3
4
3
4
4
4
2
4
4
2
3
3
3
3
2
2
4
4
4
2
4 4
4
2
4 4
4
4
4
4
2
2
1 = Excellent
4
4
2
2
1
4
3
4
3
3
4
4
4 4
4
1 4
4 3
1
3 3
4
3 4
4
45
PPE Prefix
G A B
C D E
H J N
P Q R
V W Z
Chemical or Media
Triethylene glycol (TEG)
Trifluoroacetic Acid (TFA)
Trifluoroethane
Trimethylpentane (Iso-octane)
Trinitrotoluene (TNT)
1
1*
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
4
4
1
1
4
3
2
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
4
Trioctyl phosphate
Triolene (Olein)
Triphenyl phosphite
Tritolyl phosphate (Lindol)
Tung oil
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
1
4
Turbine oil
Turpentine
Type I fuel (Mil-S-3136)
Type II fuel (Mil-S-3136)
Type III fuel (Mil-S-3136)
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
2
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
Unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine
Urea (Carbamide)
Uric acid
Valeric acid
Varnish
2
1
1
1
1
2
1
4
2
1
4
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
2
Vegetable oils & fats
Vinegar
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl chloride (Chloroethylene)
Vinyl cyanide (Acrylonitrile)
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
4
2
2
4
2
4
4
3
3
1
2
4
3
1
1
1
1
1
3
1
2
3
4
Vinylbenzene (Styrene)
Water, cold
Water, hot
Water, potable
Whiskey & wines
1
1
1
2
1
1
4
1
4
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
White oil
White pine oil
Wood alcohol (Methanol)
Wood oil
Xenon
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
1
4
1
2
4
1
2
1
Xylene (Xylol)
Xylidine (Xylidin)
Zeolites
Zinc acetate
Zinc ammonium chloride
1
1
1
1
1
3
1
1
3
4
4
1
3
4
4
1
2
Zinc carbonate
Zinc chloride
Zinc cyanide
Zinc hydrosulfite
Zinc nitrate
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Zinc phosphate solution
Zinc salts
Zinc sulfate
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
3
4
3
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
4
1
2
1
1
3
1
1
2
4
4
4
4
3
4
4
4
4
2
2
3
2
1
4
1
4
1
4
2
4
2
4
4
1
4
1
3
4
3
4
4
1
4
4
4
4
4
1
1
1
1
2
4
4
4
4
4
2
1
1
2
1
2
2
2
4
4
2
4
1
2
2
4
4
4
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
4
4
4
4
4
3
1
2
1
1
4
4
1
1
4
2
2
1
4
2
1
1
2
4
4
4
3
1
2
3
4
1
2
4
4
4
1
4
2
4
4
4
4
4
4
2
4
4
3
1
1
4
1
3
4
1
1
1
1
4
2
2
4
1
4
1
2
1
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
3
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
1
4
1
1
4
4
1
3
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
4
1
1
4
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
1
1
4
3
1
3
1
4
4
4
4
3
4
4
1
1
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
4
4
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
VMQ (Silicone)
CSM
F L S
Static Only
1
1
4
4
4
4
4
1
4
HNBR
AEM
FKM (Fluorocarbon)
NR (Natural Rubber)
AU & EU
ACM
NBR (Nitrile)
IIR (Butyl)
ECO
EPR & EPDM
FEP & PFA
CR
4 = Do not use
SBR
3 = Doubtful
FEPM
2 = Good
PERLAST®
46
1 = Excellent
1
4
1
1
2
1
2
1
4 4
2 4
2 3
2
4 3
4
3
2
4 3
3 4
4
4
2
4
4
1 4
1
2
4
1
4
3
4
4
1
1
3
1
1
1
1
3
1
2
2
1
2
1
4
2
4
4
2
1
1
2
2
4
4
4
1
2
4
4
4
2
4
4
3
4
4
1
1
3
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
4
1
1
4 4
1 1
1
1
1
4
4
1
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
4
4
1
3
1
4
4
2
4
1
4
4
4
1
2
1
4
1
4
4
3
1
2
1
1
4
1
4
4
4
1
4
4
4
1
4
1
4
1
1
1
1
3
1
1
1
4
1
1
2
1
1
1
4
1
3
4
1
4
1
1
1
4
4
4
3
3
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
4
4
4
4 4
2
1
4
4
3
2
1
4
4
1
1 1
1 1
1 1
This section explains the key terms used to define the properties of elastomers.
Tensile Properties
Simple testing of elastomer samples in tension
is commonly used to define the strength of the
materials. The most common representation is
in the form of an engineering stress-strain
curve; engineering stress-strain uses the
original dimensions for calculations, as
opposed to the actual dimensions during
testing (the cross-section may not necessarily
remain constant during testing). A typical
engineering stress-strain curve from a tensile
test is shown opposite.
S
Elastomer terminology
σ = Engineering stress.
ε = Engineering strain or elongation reported
as a percentage of the original gauge length.
Typical tensile stress-strain curves for elastomers
S = Stress
E = Elongation expressed as a percentage of the original gauge length (Strain)
Tensile Stress (S or σ)
The stress applied to extend the test piece, calculated as
force per unit area of the original cross-section of the test
length. Results are normally reported in MPa.
Elongation (E or ε)
The extension expressed
as a percentage of the
original test length,
produced on the test
piece by a tensile stress,
this is known as percent
strain.
Tensile Strength (TS)
The maximum tensile
stress recorded in
extending the test piece to
breaking point. Also
described as ‘ultimate
tensile stress’.
Tensile test piece
Elongation at a given stress (ES)
The tensile strain in the test length when the test piece is
subjected to a given tensile stress.
Modulus or “Stress at a given elongation” (SE)
The tensile stress in the test length at a given elongation. This
definition is widely referred to with the term ‘modulus’, and
care should be taken to avoid confusion with other uses of the
term modulus, such as Young’s Modulus, which denotes the
slope of a linear stress-strain curve. Neither Young’s Modulus
or Secant modulus are applicable to non-linear materials and
are therefore not used when referring to elastomers.
Strain Energy Density (W)
Defined as the ‘work done’ for a given strain, i.e. the area
under the stress-strain curve after a specified elongation.
Tensile Strength at break (TSb)
The tensile stress recorded at the moment of
rupture/sample failure.
Note: the values of TS and TSb may be different if after yield,
the elongation continues and is accompanied by a drop in
stress, resulting in TSb being lower than TS.
Elongation at break (Eb)
The elongation (expressed as a percentage of the original
length) at breaking point.
47
Tear strength
Hardness
The median force required
to propagate a cut in a
specified trouser-shaped
test piece by tearing,
divided by the thickness of
the test piece.
The resistance of a material surface to
penetration by an indentor of specified
dimensions under specified load. The
hardness property is quoted against
two common systems (which do not
necessarily correlate):
This term indicates the resistance to propagation of small precut in an elastomer. The most common test uses the “Trouser
Tear” method (ASTM D624, Die T), with the test sample
having the shape described in the title.
IRHD – International Rubber
Hardness Degrees
Based on measuring the penetration of a specified rigid ball in a
test specimen under a specified dead load. A scaled down
version of this dead load instrument is available for conducting
measurements on small cross sections and thicknesses IRHD `M`.
Friction, Wear and Abrasion
The resistance to wear of a rubber when its surface is
subjected to mechanical action. It is usually expressed as an
abrasion resistance index referred to a standard rubber and is
applicable to all methods.
Friction
Friction can be defined as the resistance to sliding of one
material over another. Testing of friction with relation to
elastomers is mainly associated with the tyre industry, and can
be split into two separate categories: static and dynamic.
Testing usually is performed using a ‘sled’ of material loaded
with additional weights to produce a normal force. This sled is
then slid over a surface of a known surface-finish. The
resultant resistant force can be related back to the coefficient
of friction (µ) using the formula F = µR, where F is the resistant
force and R is the normal force. There are numerous
drawbacks to this method, as elastomers do not fully comply
with this equation, but data can be comparable.
Abrasion resistance index
The expression of abrasion resistance, being the ratio of the
volume loss of a standard rubber to the volume loss of a
rubber under test, determined under the same specified
conditions, expressed as a percentage.
The test involves the removal of rubber using an abrasive cloth
on a rotating cylinder. The volume loss of the test rubber is
calculated from the same test conditions to remove 200mg of
the appropriate standard rubber.
48
For curved surfaces the ‘Apparent
Hardness’ is often quoted, as IRHD and
Shore A values tend to be more
variable when measured across small
curved surfaces, as is the
case with O-rings.
Shore hardness degrees – the testing
equipment used to measure hardness
are often referred to as durometers
(type A or D), both utilise a calibrated
spring to act on a specified indentor to
penetrate the test specimen.
The hardness scales are quoted in
degrees from 0 (infinitely soft) to 100
(bone hard).
Compressive Properties
Compression set
A measure of a material’s elasticity after prolonged action of
compression, either under ambient conditions, or whilst being
exposured to elevated temperatures.
Compression set is often
used as a measure of the
state of cure or strength of
crosslinking; it is quoted
extensively for sealing
applications as an attempt
to relate material
characteristics to leakage
prevention, where recovery
of the seal’s shape is
required after distortion.
Two sections of the same
O-ring. The section on the
left displays compression
set after being compressed
at high temperature for a
period of time.
Physical and chemical
changes that can occur to
an elastomer at elevated
temperatures, may prevent
the elastomer from fully
recovering its original shape
on removal of the applied
compressive strain – the
result is known as a ‘set’,
and is quantified as a
percentage loss in shape
compared to the original
dimensions.
ASTM D395 defines two different test methods (A and B).
Method A is not often stated, but relates to a constant load.
Method B is the most common method where a sample of
specific dimensions is compressed to a fixed deflection, after
exposure to elevated temperatures, the sample is removed from
the fixture and allowed to rest under ambient conditions before
the final dimensions are measured. Another less commonly
used variant of this test is found within ISO 815, where the
samples can be allowed to cool while still under compression.
Compressive stress relaxation
Elastomers are viscoelastic materials which essentially behave
both as an elastic solid and as a viscous liquid. Constant
deformation of an elastomer can lead to internal structural
changes, which in turn can alter the stress-strain
characteristics of the material under load.
When compressed, energy is both stored and dissipated by
the material i.e. both both elastic and viscous effects occur.
Therefore, as an elastomer is compressed, it will generate a
reaction force (or ‘sealing force’). However, over time, the
stored energy will decrease, reducing the initial sealing force.
This decrease in sealing force is known as ‘Compressive
Stress Relaxation’ (CSR). CSR is sometimes referred to as the
retained sealing force in the seals and gaskets sector.
The phenomenon can be accelerated by exposure to
chemicals and/or elevated temperatures which attack the
polymer backbone or cross-linking system.
CSR is measured by compressing a standard test piece to a
constant strain and measuring the force exerted by the test
piece at specific intervals under specified conditions. The
decaying force is expressed as a percentage of the initial
counterforce.
Compressive Modulus
Compressive modulus is an important physical property of
elastomers and determines the amount of stress a material will
exhibit for a given amount of compressive strain.
The testing is sometimes referred to as ‘load deflection’ testing.
The results of the test are highly dependent upon sample
dimensions, due to the ‘shape-factor’ effect when testing
elastomers. The ‘shape-factor’ is a ratio of the area of the test
sample, compared to the area of the sample that is ‘free-tobulge’; it is noted that a sample with a high surface area, but a
low area free-to-bulge will show rapid increases in modulus.
Permeation
The permeation of gases or vapours through the elastomer.
This is an important property if the elastomer is being used to
prevent leakage of gases/vapours from chambers, etc. The
permeation rate is governed by the type of elastomer used
and the composition of the final compound (filler type,
plasticisers, etc). The degree of permeation generally reduces
from silicone elastomers (the highest), followed by NR, EPDM,
SBR, CR, NBR, FKM and FFKM, ECO and IIR.
Explosive Decompression
Permeation of a gas into an elastomer under high pressure
may not result in any long term effect provided the pressure is
released gradually, allowing the gas to permeate out of the
elastomer. However, if the pressure is released rapidly, the
pressurised gas can expand suddenly, rupturing the elastomer
in a catastrophic manner. Specific elastomer compounds are
required to eliminate this effect, with the formulated materials
tending to be very hard. See page 8 for information on
Explosive Decompression testing.
49
Chemical properties
Weathering, Ozone and UV resistance
All types of elastomers
are susceptible to
chemical attack of
varying degrees. The
compatibility of a
rubber in a particular
environment is a function
of both the polymer
structure, and the way in
which it has been formulated.
Exposure of elastomers to weathering can result in deterioration
of the product due mainly to the effects of sunlight, in particular
the UV (ultra-violet) component of the light spectrum. UV light
has the effect of scission of the main polymer chain, leading to
rapid degradation of the elastomer. This degradation manifests
itself in the form of surface cracks often referred to as crazing
and can allow ingress of water to leach out soluble components
as well as leading to failure of the seal. This form of attack is
most notable in materials that have unsaturation (carbon-carbon
double-bonds) in the backbone of the polymer, and is
accelerated by stressing the material (stress-induced chemical
attack). To combat this, chemical UV stabilisers can be
introduced into the formulation and carbon black is generally
recognised as one of the most effective UV protection systems
for use with elastomers.
The O-ring on the right
has swollen due to
chemical incompatibility.
Chemical incompatibility can have various effects on the
rubber compound, depending on the exact form of chemical
attack, with the effects being exaggerated or accelerated at
elevated temperatures. The physical effects can be seen as:
- Embrittlement and hardening
- Softening and becoming tacky
- Swelling
- Volume loss
Similarly, Ozone (a powerful oxidising agent) can degrade
elastomeric components in a similar manner to UV. Use of
anti-ozonants and the careful choice of elastomers (saturated
polymers) can significantly reduce/eliminate this problem.
The most common effect is swelling – either due to a solubility
effect, or chemical attack, resulting in a change in the
elastomer’s polarity. Though the volume increase may be
reversible, the effects on the polymer may not be.
Low temperature resistance
Embrittlement and hardening are indicative of additional
cross-linking, and softening is indicative of degradation of the
polymer/crosslink network. Volume loss is most usually linked
to extraction of plasticisers and process aids, resulting in a
material that is less flexible.
The low temperature resistance of any elastomer is dependent
upon the material’s glass transition temperature (Tg). This
is the temperature at which the elastomer changes from a
rubber-like material to a brittle material. As an elastomer
approaches its glass transition temperature, it would generally
be expected that the tensile strength, hardness, modulus and
compression set would all increase. The Tg for any given
elastomer is mainly a function of the polymer structure, but
can be altered slightly by the use of oils.
Numerous methods exist for determining the cold temperature
performance of an elastomer. Differential Scanning Calorimetry
(DSC) is the most common method of evaluating the glass
transition region itself. This method uses accurate
measurements of enthalpy changes of materials over a given
temperature range. Analysis of this data allows precise
measurements of the glass transition.
Heat resistance and accelerated ageing
The controlled deterioration by air at elevated temperatures
and atmospheric pressure after which physical
properties are measured and compared with un-aged test
pieces. Typical properties measured are changes
in hardness, elongation at break, ultimate tensile stress,
and stress at various strains.
Heat resistance and accelerated ageing is also linked to
‘outgassing’, where an elastomer, on initial exposure to
elevated temperatures, may lose some process oils or lowmolecular weight fragments of the polymer. In some
applications, this loss of polymeric species may interfere with
critical components or processes. Typically, this weight loss
can be measured using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA),
often coupled to further equipment if the specific constituents
of the weight loss need to be identified.
50
Other tests focus on more physical parameters. For example
the temperature retraction (TR) test involves immersing a
stretched, standard test piece in a bath at -70°C until it
becomes rigid, then, allowing the sample to retract freely and
raising the temperature at 1°C/min. The temperature at which
the test piece has retracted 10% of the original stretch is
referred to as ‘TR10’. A value appended to TR10 defines the
initial stretch, eg. TR10/50 test will stretch the sample by 50%.
An alternative method of describing the low temperature
stiffness of an elastomer is to adopt the Gehman test (ISO
1432 : 1998). This test method measures the torsional
modulus of a standard test piece at a range of temperatures.
The relative modulus values at the measured temperatures are
determined (relative modulus at a given temperature is the
ratio of the torsional modulus at that temperature to the
torsional modulus at 23°C). The temperature at which the
relative modulus is 10 is reported as T10 or 5 as T5, etc.
See ‘Thermal Analysis' on page 8 for details of DSC and TR
testing services.
Peroxide or sulphur cure
Out-gasing
Several cross-linking (curing) mechanisms can be employed
for the different elastomer types, common amongst these are
sulphur-cured systems and peroxide-cured systems. In
general sulphur-cured systems offer better original mechanical
properties but worst heat ageing properties and peroxide
systems vice-versa.
The release of gas from a material, or low molecular portions of
the material. These gases, together with gases upon the surface
of the solid, can be released into a vacuum environment to form
a perceived leak. At ambient conditions the predominant outgased substances are water vapour and hydrocarbons. The
rate of out-gasing increases at higher temperatures, which
increases permeation rate and can initiate chemical reactions
within the elastomer that release other gases. Out-gased
substances can condense onto surfaces or react with process
chemicals which may inhibit performance.
Coefficient of thermal expansion
All materials (except for a very small number of exceptions)
expand with increasing temperature. The degree to which any
material expands is characteristic of that material. The value is
expressed in terms of the amount of linear or volumetric
expansion that occurs with every unit of length or volume for
every degree of temperature increase.
Volume change
The degree to which a material expands or contracts during
exposure to operating environments is an important factor to
consider in any sealing application. Operating fluids can be
absorbed into a material causing it to swell. Operating fluids
can also wash out ingredients within the material causing it
to decrease in volume, sometimes both can happen; an
initial swelling followed by shrinkage. Some high temperature
and chemical environments can cause the cross-link
structure to tighten causing a decrease in volume.
Measurements of volume before and after exposure are
expressed as a percent change.
Tolerances
The amount of variation permitted on dimensions or surfaces
during the manufacturing process. The tolerance is equal to
the difference between the maximum and minimum limits of
any specified dimension. As metals are hard and interference
may prevent assembly, they are usually toleranced as a fit.
Bores are defined as a dimension plus an allowable variation,
and shafts are defined as a dimension minus an allowable
variation. As elastomer parts, such as O-rings, are flexible and
are typically designed to operate in interference (compression
or tension), they are typically given a ± tolerance for diameter
and cross section.
O-ring tolerances for each standard size can be found in the
O-ring size tables in section 12, page 57 of this publication.
We recommend the use of ISO3302-1 Class M2, X2 in the
design of custom elastomer components – see page 56.
51
Hardware design
Hardware design guidelines for O-rings
An O-ring, or toroidal seal, is the most
common type of seal used in the world
today. Used to form a physical barrier to
prevent the mixing of gases or liquid fluids,
the simple toroidal shape of an O-ring has
proven to offer high sealing efficiency
across a wide range of applications.
The sealing mechanism of an O-ring is a two stage process;
compression and force. The initial compression (squeeze)
upon the O-ring forms a physical barrier between the two
fluids, forming the initial seal. It is therefore important to
accurately control the amount of compression that the O-ring
is subjected to. The elastomer acts like an incompressible
viscous fluid with a very high surface tension. When acted
upon by a differential pressure then the O-ring translates this
into force acting upon and normal to the mating surface.
Rod Seal
Piston Seal
It is this force that forms the high pressure capability of the
O-ring. It is important that the pressure can energise the
O-ring to form this secondary sealing mechanism and hence
free-space must be left in the groove, taking into account
tolerance stack-ups and differential thermal expansion.
Four typical groove geometries (as shown in diagram below)
are as follows:• Piston seal
• Rod seal
• Face seal
• Trapped seal
Face Seal
Trapped Seal
To achieve installation, each of these seal types requires different levels of stretch. To achieve a good seal, the O-ring must be
installed into suitable hardware to create a sealing system. Various international standards govern the specifications of such
sealing systems:
SAE AS568 O-ring sizes
SAE AS4716 groove sizing for piston and rod seals
British Standard BS1806 O-ring and groove sizing for imperial (British) nominal sizes
British Standard BS4518 O-ring and groove sizing for metric nominal sizes
52
Hardware design
Hardware design guidelines for O-rings
For the standard O-ring sizes listed in this brochure
we recommend their use in grooves as defined in
the above AS and BS standards, up to the
maximum operating temperature of the material.
These standards are available from the relevant
governing bodies; or by using the ‘Hardware
Design Tool’ found in the ‘Technical’ section of
our website; www.prepol.com. This online tool
quickly identifies the best fit standard sized O-ring
and provides groove dimensions for the most
common AS and BS size seals used in plant
equipment, specifically, rod seals, piston seals,
face seals and trapped seals. It also provides a
detailed technical drawing of the groove showing
all dimensional measurements which can be
printed off and included in other reports and
drawings. For semiconductor applications, please
refer to our semiconductor brochure for static
groove sizing, as materials developed for this
specific industry present different characteristics.
O-rings will operate successfully at high pressures, as
shown below, above these pressures the shear
stresses will overcome the capability of the material
and cause pressure extrusion. In applications
operating at high pressure, the use of back-up rings is
common practice to prevent extrusion of the O-ring.
Approximate extrusion pressure for a given diametral clearance
Combinations of pressure
and clearance that lie to
the right of the pertinent
line will result in
extrusion of the seal.
For non-standard sizes,
high pressure applications
or advice on custom high
performance sealing
systems please contact
PPE’s technical
department.
53
O-ring tolerances
O ring tolerances to ISO3601-1 ‘General Purpose’
I/Dia.
Tol + / -
I/Dia.
Tol + / -
I/Dia.
Tol + / -
I/Dia.
Tol + / -
I/Dia.
Tol + / -
2.80
0.13
53.00
0.50
145.00
1.13
268.00
1.92
433.00
2.99
4.00
0.14
54.50
0.51
147.50
1.14
272.00
1.96
437.00
3.01
5.30
0.15
56.00
0.52
150.00
1.16
276.00
1.98
443.00
3.05
7.10
0.16
58.00
0.54
152.50
1.18
280.00
2.01
450.00
3.09
8.50
0.17
60.00
0.55
155.00
1.19
283.00
2.03
456.00
3.13
9.75
0.18
61.50
0.56
157.50
1.21
286.00
2.05
462.00
3.17
10.60
0.19
63.00
0.57
160.00
1.23
290.00
2.08
466.00
3.19
11.80
0.20
65.00
0.58
162.50
1.24
295.00
2.11
470.00
3.22
13.20
0.21
67.00
0.60
165.00
1.26
300.00
2.14
475.00
3.25
15.00
0.22
69.00
0.61
167.50
1.28
303.00
2.16
479.00
3.28
16.00
0.23
71.00
0.63
170.00
1.29
307.00
2.19
483.00
3.30
17.00
0.24
73.00
0.64
172.50
1.31
311.00
2.21
487.00
3.33
19.00
0.25
75.00
0.65
175.00
1.33
315.00
2.24
493.00
3.36
20.60
0.26
77.50
0.67
177.50
1.34
320.00
2.27
500.00
3.41
21.20
0.27
80.00
0.69
180.00
1.36
325.00
2.30
508.00
3.46
22.40
0.28
82.50
0.71
182.50
1.38
330.00
2.33
515.00
3.50
23.60
0.29
85.00
0.72
185.00
1.39
335.00
2.36
523.00
3.55
25.00
0.30
87.50
0.74
87.50
1.41
340.00
2.40
530.00
3.60
26.50
0.31
90.00
0.76
190.00
1.43
345.00
2.43
538.00
3.65
28.00
0.32
92.50
0.77
195.00
1.46
350.00
2.46
545.00
3.69
29.00
0.33
95.00
0.79
200.00
1.49
355.00
2.49
553.00
3.74
30.00
0.34
97.50
0.81
203.00
1.51
360.00
2.52
560.00
3.78
31.50
0.35
100.00
0.82
206.00
1.53
365.00
2.56
570.00
3.85
33.50
0.36
103.00
0.85
212.00
1.57
370.00
2.59
580.00
3.91
34.50
0.37
106.00
0.87
218.00
1.61
375.00
2.62
590.00
3.97
37.50
0.39
109.00
0.89
224.00
1.65
379.00
2.64
600.00
4.03
38.70
0.40
112.00
0.91
227.00
1.67
383.00
2.67
608.00
4.08
40.00
0.41
115.00
0.93
230.00
1.69
387.00
2.70
615.00
4.12
41.20
0.42
118.00
0.95
236.00
1.73
391.00
2.72
623.00
4.17
42.50
0.43
122.00
0.97
239.00
1.75
395.00
2.75
630.00
4.22
45.00
0.44
125.00
0.99
243.00
1.77
400.00
2.78
640.00
4.28
46.20
0.45
128.00
1.01
250.00
1.82
406.00
2.82
650.00
4.34
47.50
0.46
132.00
1.04
254.00
1.84
412.00
2.85
660.00
4.40
48.70
0.47
136.00
1.07
258.00
1.87
418.00
2.89
670.00
4.47
50.00
0.48
140.00
1.09
261.00
1.89
425.00
2.93
51.50
0.49
142.50
1.11
265.00
1.91
429.00
2.96
To use:
Descend I/Dia column to required size. Read-off the tolerance to the right of the size.
If required size is not listed, go to the first size greater size and read-off the tolerance to the right.
Example: O-Ring to be measured is 3.75.
Descend I/Dia column to 4.00 (first size greater than 3.75) and read of tolerance to right, i.e. +/-0.14.
Notes:
54
For sizes above 670.00, add/subtract 0.64% of the nominal diameter.
Cross section tolerances for ISO3601-1 are detailed at the bottom of the following page.
I/Dia.
Tol + / -
I/Dia.
Tol + / -
I/Dia.
Tol + / -
I/Dia.
Tol + / -
I/Dia.
Tol + / -
2.00
0.10
34.50
0.30
73.00
0.52
128.00
0.83
230.00
1.39
3.75
0.11
36.50
0.31
75.00
0.53
132.00
0.85
236.00
1.42
5.30
0.12
38.70
0.32
77.50
0.55
136.00
0.87
243.00
1.46
6.90
0.13
40.00
0.33
80.00
0.56
140.00
0.89
250.00
1.49
8.50
0.14
41.20
0.34
82.50
0.57
145.00
0.92
258.00
1.54
10.00
0.15
43.70
0.35
85.00
0.59
150.00
0.95
265.00
1.57
11.80
0.16
45.00
0.36
87.50
0.60
155.00
0.98
272.00
1.61
13.20
0.17
47.50
0.37
90.00
0.62
160.00
1.00
280.00
1.65
15.00
0.18
48.70
0.38
92.50
0.63
165.00
1.03
290.00
1.71
16.00
0.19
50.00
0.39
95.00
0.64
170.00
1.06
300.00
1.76
18.00
0.20
51.50
0.40
97.50
0.66
175.00
1.09
307.00
1.80
20.00
0.21
53.00
0.41
100.00
0.67
180.00
1.11
315.00
1.84
21.20
0.22
56.00
0.42
103.00
0.69
185.00
1.14
325.00
1.90
22.40
0.23
58.00
0.44
106.00
0.71
190.00
1.17
335.00
1.95
25.00
0.24
60.00
0.45
109.00
0.72
195.00
1.20
345.00
2.00
26.50
0.25
63.00
0.46
112.00
0.74
200.00
1.22
355.00
2.05
28.00
0.26
65.00
0.48
115.00
0.76
206.00
1.26
365.00
2.11
30.00
0.27
67.00
0.49
118.00
0.77
212.00
1.29
375.00
2.16
31.50
0.28
69.00
0.50
122.00
0.80
218.00
1.32
387.00
2.22
33.50
0.29
71.00
0.51
125.00
0.81
224.00
1.35
400.00
2.29
To use:
O-ring tolerances
O ring tolerances to ISO3601-1 ‘Aerospace Standard’
Descend I/Dia column to required size. Read-off the tolerance to the right of the size.
If required size is not listed, go to the first size greater size and read-off the tolerance to the right.
Example: O-Ring to be measured is 17.00.
Descend I/Dia column to 18.00 (first size greater than 17.00) and read of tolerance to right, i.e. +/-0.20.
Notes:
For sizes above 400.00, tolerance as per BS1806 (see pages 57-62).
Cross section tolerances for ISO3601-1 are detailed below:
Cross section tolerance table
C/S above
Tol + / -
C/S above
Tol + / -
C/S above
Tol + / -
C/S above
Tol + / -
C/S above
Tol + / -
0.00
0.08
8.75
0.18
13.50
0.25
18.50
0.32
23.50
0.39
2.62
0.09
9.25
0.19
14.25
0.26
19.25
0.33
24.25
0.40
3.00
0.10
10.00
0.20
15.00
0.27
20.00
0.34
25.00
0.41
3.55
0.12
10.75
0.21
15.75
0.28
20.75
0.35
25.75
0.42
5.00
0.13
11.25
0.22
16.50
0.29
21.50
0.36
26.25
0.43
5.70
0.14
12.00
0.23
17.25
0.30
22.25
0.37
27.00
0.44
8.40
0.15
12.75
0.24
17.75
0.31
23.00
0.38
30.00
0.45
55
O-ring tolerances
Moulding tolerances according to ISO3302-1 (=BS3734-1)
Classes
The standard details four classes of mouldings and four classes for flash, adopted by PPE as follows:Class M2, X2 = High quality mouldings with accurate flash.
Dimensions
The standard details two types of dimension, as follows:F = Fixed dimensions
The dimensions are not affected by deforming influences such as flash thickness or lateral displacement of different mould parts
(upper and lower parts or cores).
C = Closure dimensions
These dimensions can be affected by variation in flash thickness or lateral displacement of different mould parts and therefore require
greater tolerances that those of fixed dimensions.
# = Dimension #
Example of a height dimension that is not affected by flash thickness, therefore this is considered to be a ‘fixed’ dimension.
Dimension # greater than
0.00
4.00
0.10
0.15
0.15
0.20
6.30
10.00
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.25
16.00
25.00
0.25
0.35
0.35
0.40
40.00
63.00
0.40
0.50
0.50
0.70
100.00
160.00
0.70
0.5%
0.80
0.7%
Flash (Height) max.
56
Class M2,X2
F+/C+/-
0.50mm
4.70
0.13
1.42
0.10
2.20
3.10
4.10
5.10
6.10
7.10
8.10
9.10
10.10
11.10
12.10
13.10
14.10
15.10
16.10
17.10
18.10
19.10
22.10
25.10
27.10
29.10
32.10
35.10
37.10
0.13
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.30
0.30
0.30
6.07
7.65
0.13
0.13
1.78
2.57
2.90
3.69
4.47
5.28
6.07
7.66
9.25
10.82
12.42
14.00
15.60
17.16
18.77
20.35
21.95
23.52
25.12
26.70
28.30
29.87
31.47
33.05
34.65
37.82
41.00
0.13
0.13
0.13
0.13
0.13
0.13
0.13
0.13
0.13
0.13
0.13
0.18
0.23
0.23
0.23
0.23
0.23
0.23
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.28
0.28
0.28
0.33
0.33
0.33
1.27
+/- 0.08
1.42
+/- 0.08
1.53
+/- 0.08
1.60
+/- 0.08
1.63
+/- 0.08
1.78
+/- 0.08
BS1806-002, AS568-002
AS568-901, BSM48-901
BS1806-003, AS568-003
R00
BS4518 0031-16
BS4518 0041-16
BS4518 0051-16
BS4518 0061-16
BS4518 0071-16
BS4518 0081-16
BS4518 0091-16
BS4518 0101-16
BS4518 0111-16
BS4518 0121-16
BS4518 0131-16
BS4518 0141-16
BS4518 0151-16
BS4518 0161-16
BS4518 0171-16
BS4518 0181-16
BS4518 0191-16
BS4518 0221-16
BS4518 0251-16
BS4518 0271-16
BS4518 0291-16
BS4518 0321-16
BS4518 0351-16
BS4518 0371-16
AS568-902, BSM48-902
AS568-903, BSM48-903
BS1806-004, AS568-004
BS1806-005, AS568-005
BS1806-006, AS568-006
BS1806-007, AS568-007
BS1806-008, AS568-008
BS1806-009, AS568-009
BS1806-010, AS568-010
BS1806-011, AS568-011
BS1806-012, AS568-012
BS1806-013, AS568-013
BS1806-014, AS568-014
BS1806-015, AS568-015
BS1806-016, AS568-016
BS1806-017, AS568-017
BS1806-018, AS568-018
BS1806-019, AS568-019
BS1806-020, AS568-020
BS1806-021, AS568-021
BS1806-022, AS568-022
BS1806-023, AS568-023
BS1806-024, AS568-024
BS1806-025, AS568-025
BS1806-026, AS568-026
BS1806-027, AS568-027
BS1806-028, AS568-028
BS1806-029, AS568-029
BS1806-030, AS568-030
0.38
0.38
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.69
0.69
0.76
0.76
0.76
0.94
0.94
1.80
2.00
2.24
2.50
2.80
3.15
3.55
3.75
4.00
4.50
4.87
5.00
5.15
5.30
5.60
6.00
6.30
6.70
6.90
7.10
7.50
8.00
8.50
8.75
9.00
9.50
9.75
10.00
10.60
11.20
11.60
11.80
12.10
12.50
12.80
13.20
14.00
14.50
15.00
15.50
16.00
17.00
18.00
19.00
20.00
20.60
0.13
0.13
0.13
0.13
0.13
0.14
0.14
0.14
0.14
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.17
0.17
0.17
0.18
0.18
0.18
0.18
0.19
0.19
0.20
0.20
0.19
0.21
0.21
0.21
0.21
0.22
0.22
0.22
0.23
0.23
0.24
0.25
0.25
0.26
0.26
1.78
+/- 0.08
1.80
+/- 0.08
Size Reference
0.10
BS1806-001, AS568-001
44.17
47.37
50.52
53.67
56.87
60.04
63.22
66.40
69.57
72.76
75.92
82.27
88.62
94.97
101.32
107.67
114.02
120.37
126.72
133.07
Cross Section
1.07
1.02
+/- 0.08
Internal Diameter
Tolerance +/- (mm)
0.10
R000
Internal Diameter
(mm)
0.74
1.00
+/- 0.08
Size Reference
Internal Diameter
Tolerance +/- (mm)
0.13
Cross Section
Internal Diameter
(mm)
1.15
Le Joint Français 'R' O-ring sizes
ISO3601 International Organisation for
Standardisation O-ring sizes (General purpose)
O-ring sizes
SAE AS568 American Standard O-ring sizes
BS1806 British Standard O-ring sizes (imperial)
BS4518 British Standard O-ring sizes (metric)
BS1806-031, AS568-031
BS1806-032, AS568-032
BS1806-033, AS568-033
BS1806-034, AS568-034
BS1806-035, AS568-035
BS1806-036, AS568-036
BS1806-037, AS568-037
BS1806-038, AS568-038
BS1806-039, AS568-039
BS1806-040, AS568-040
BS1806-041, AS568-041
BS1806-042, AS568-042
BS1806-043, AS568-043
BS1806-044, AS568-044
BS1806-045, AS568-045
BS1806-046, AS568-046
BS1806-047, AS568-047
BS1806-048, AS568-048
BS1806-049, AS568-049
BS1806-050, AS568-050
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
57
0.13
0.13
0.14
0.15
0.15
0.16
0.17
0.18
11.89
0.13
13.46
0.18
16.36
0.23
3.60
4.60
5.60
6.60
7.60
8.60
9.60
10.60
11.60
12.60
13.60
14.60
15.60
16.60
17.60
18.60
19.60
20.60
21.60
24.60
27.60
29.60
31.60
34.60
35.60
37.60
39.60
41.60
44.60
45.60
47.60
49.60
51.60
54.60
55.60
57.60
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
1.90
+/- 0.08
1.98
+/- 0.08
2.08
+/- 0.08
2.21
+/- 0.08
2.40
+/- 0.08
AS568-904, BSM48-904
AS568-905, BSM48-905
R0
R1
R2
R3
R4
R5
R6
R7
AS568-906, BSM48-906
AS568-907, BSM48-907
AS568-908, BSM48-908
BS4518 0036-24
BS4518 0046-24
BS4518 0056-24
BS4518 0066-24
BS4518 0076-24
BS4518 0086-24
BS4518 0096-24
BS4518 0106-24
BS4518 0116-24
BS4518 0126-24
BS4518 0136-24
BS4518 0146-24
BS4518 0156-24
BS4518 0166-24
BS4518 0176-24
BS4518 0186-24
BS4518 0196-24
BS4518 0206-24
BS4518 0216-24
BS4518 0246-24
BS4518 0276-24
BS4518 0296-24
BS4518 0316-24
BS4518 0346-24
BS4518 0356-24
BS4518 0376-24
BS4518 0396-24
BS4518 0416-24
BS4518 0446-24
BS4518 0456-24
BS4518 0476-24
BS4518 0496-24
BS4518 0516-24
BS4518 0546-24
BS4518 0556-24
BS4518 0576-24
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
17.93
19.18
0.23
0.23
1.24
2.06
2.84
3.63
4.42
5.23
6.02
7.59
9.19
10.77
12.37
13.94
15.54
17.12
18.72
20.29
21.89
23.47
25.07
26.64
28.24
29.82
31.42
32.99
34.59
36.17
37.77
39.34
40.94
42.52
44.12
45.69
47.29
48.90
50.47
52.07
53.64
55.25
56.82
58.42
59.99
61.60
63.17
64.77
66.34
67.95
69.52
71.12
72.69
75.87
82.22
88.57
94.92
101.27
107.62
113.97
120.32
0.10
0.13
0.13
0.13
0.13
0.13
0.13
0.13
0.13
0.13
0.13
0.18
0.23
0.23
0.23
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.38
0.38
0.38
0.38
0.38
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.56
0.56
0.56
0.56
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.71
0.71
0.76
0.76
0.76
2.40
+/- 0.08
2.46
+/- 0.08
2.62
+/- 0.08
Size Reference
2.40
2.60
3.40
4.20
4.90
5.70
7.20
8.90
1.83
+/- 0.08
58.60
59.60
61.60
62.60
64.60
67.60
69.60
Cross Section
0.13
0.13
Internal Diameter
Tolerance +/- (mm)
8.92
10.52
1.80
+/- 0.08
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
Internal Diameter
(mm)
0.27
0.28
0.29
0.29
0.30
0.30
0.31
0.31
0.32
0.32
0.33
0.34
Size Reference
Internal Diameter
Tolerance +/- (mm)
21.20
22.40
23.00
23.60
24.30
25.00
25.80
26.50
27.30
28.00
29.00
30.00
Cross Section
Internal Diameter
(mm)
O-ring sizes
58
BS4518 0586-24
BS4518 0596-24
BS4518 0616-24
BS4518 0626-24
BS4518 0646-24
BS4518 0676-24
BS4518 0696-24
AS568-909, BSM48-909
AS568-910, BSM48-910
BS1806-102, AS568-102
BS1806-103, AS568-103
BS1806-104, AS568-104
BS1806-105, AS568-105
BS1806-106, AS568-106
BS1806-107, AS568-107
BS1806-108, AS568-108
BS1806-109, AS568-109
BS1806-110, AS568-110
BS1806-111, AS568-111
BS1806-112, AS568-112
BS1806-113, AS568-113
BS1806-114, AS568-114
BS1806-115, AS568-115
BS1806-116, AS568-116
BS1806-117, AS568-117
BS1806-118, AS568-118
BS1806-119, AS568-119
BS1806-120, AS568-120
BS1806-121, AS568-121
BS1806-122, AS568-122
BS1806-123, AS568-123
BS1806-124, AS568-124
BS1806-125, AS568-125
BS1806-126, AS568-126
BS1806-127, AS568-127
BS1806-128, AS568-128
BS1806-129, AS568-129
BS1806-130, AS568-130
BS1806-131, AS568-131
BS1806-132, AS568-132
BS1806-133, AS568-133
BS1806-134, AS568-134
BS1806-135, AS568-135
BS1806-136, AS568-136
BS1806-137, AS568-137
BS1806-138, AS568-138
BS1806-139, AS568-139
BS1806-140, AS568-140
BS1806-141, AS568-141
BS1806-142, AS568-142
BS1806-143, AS568-143
BS1806-144, AS568-144
BS1806-145, AS568-145
BS1806-146, AS568-146
BS1806-147, AS568-147
BS1806-148, AS568-148
BS1806-149, AS568-149
BS1806-150, AS568-150
BS1806-151, AS568-151
BS1806-152, AS568-152
BS1806-153, AS568-153
BS1806-154, AS568-154
BS1806-155, AS568-155
BS1806-156, AS568-156
BS1806-157, AS568-157
BS1806-158, AS568-158
2.65
+/- 0.09
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
0.58
0.60
0.61
0.63
0.64
0.65
0.67
0.69
0.71
0.72
0.74
0.76
0.77
0.79
0.81
0.82
0.85
0.87
8.90
10.50
12.10
13.60
15.10
16.90
18.40
0.18
0.19
0.21
0.22
0.23
0.24
0.25
21.92
23.47
25.04
26.59
29.74
34.42
0.23
0.23
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.30
19.50
21.50
22.50
24.50
25.50
26.50
27.50
29.50
31.50
32.50
34.50
35.50
36.50
37.47
37.50
39.50
41.50
42.50
43.69
44.50
49.50
53.09
54.50
55.50
57.50
59.36
59.50
62.50
64.50
69.50
74.50
79.50
84.50
89.50
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.36
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.36
0.30
0.30
0.46
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.46
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.50
0.50
2.65
+/- 0.09
2.70
+/- 0.09
2.95
+/- 0.10
3.00
+/- 0.10
Size Reference
65.00
67.00
69.00
71.00
73.00
75.00
77.50
80.00
82.50
85.00
87.50
90.00
92.50
95.00
97.50
100.00
103.00
106.00
Cross Section
Internal Diameter
Tolerance +/- (mm)
0.22
0.22
0.22
0.23
0.23
0.24
0.25
0.25
0.26
0.26
0.27
0.28
0.29
0.29
0.30
0.30
0.31
0.31
0.32
0.32
0.33
0.34
0.35
0.36
0.36
0.37
0.38
0.38
0.39
0.40
0.41
0.42
0.43
0.44
0.44
0.45
0.46
0.47
0.48
0.49
0.50
0.51
0.52
0.54
0.55
0.56
0.57
+/- 0.08
BS1806-159, AS568-159
BS1806-160, AS568-160
BS1806-161, AS568-161
BS1806-162, AS568-162
BS1806-163, AS568-163
BS1806-164, AS568-164
BS1806-165, AS568-165
BS1806-166, AS568-166
BS1806-167, AS568-167
BS1806-168, AS568-168
BS1806-169, AS568-169
BS1806-170, AS568-170
BS1806-171, AS568-171
BS1806-172, AS568-172
BS1806-173, AS568-173
BS1806-174, AS568-174
BS1806-175, AS568-175
BS1806-176, AS568-176
BS1806-177, AS568-177
BS1806-178, AS568-178
Internal Diameter
(mm)
14.00
14.50
15.00
15.50
16.00
17.00
18.00
19.00
20.00
20.60
21.20
22.40
23.00
23.60
24.30
25.00
25.80
26.50
27.30
28.00
29.00
30.00
31.50
32.50
33.50
34.50
35.50
36.50
37.50
38.70
40.00
41.20
42.50
43.70
45.00
46.20
47.50
48.70
50.00
51.50
53.00
54.50
56.00
58.00
60.00
61.50
63.00
2.62
Size Reference
Internal Diameter
Tolerance +/- (mm)
0.89
0.89
0.89
0.89
0.89
1.02
1.02
1.02
1.02
1.14
1.14
1.14
1.14
1.27
1.27
1.27
1.27
1.40
1.40
1.40
Cross Section
Internal Diameter
(mm)
126.67
133.02
139.37
145.72
152.07
158.42
164.77
171.12
177.47
183.82
190.17
196.52
202.87
209.22
215.57
221.92
228.27
234.62
240.97
247.32
O-ring sizes
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
R8
R9
R10
R11
R12
R13
R14
AS568-911, BSM48-911
AS568-912, BSM48-912
AS568-913, BSM48-913
AS568-914, BSM48-914
AS568-916, BSM48-916
AS568-918, BSM48-918
BS4518 0195-30
BS4518 0215-30
BS4518 0225-30
BS4518 0245-30
BS4518 0255-30
BS4518 0265-30
BS4518 0275-30
BS4518 0295-30
BS4518 0315-30
BS4518 0325-30
BS4518 0345-30
BS4518 0355-30
BS4518 0365-30
AS568-920, BSM48-920
BS4518 0375-30
BS4518 0395-30
BS4518 0415-30
BS4518 0425-30
AS568-924, BSM48-924
BS4518 0445-30
BS4518 0495-30
AS568-928, BSM48-928
BS4518 0545-30
BS4518 0555-30
BS4518 0575-30
AS568-932, BSM48-932
BS4518 0595-30
BS4518 0625-30
BS4518 0645-30
BS4518 0695-30
BS4518 0745-30
BS4518 0795-30
BS4518 0845-30
BS4518 0895-30
59
3.53
+/- 0.10
BS1806-201, AS568-201
BS1806-202, AS568-202
BS1806-203, AS568-203
BS1806-204, AS568-204
BS1806-205, AS568-205
BS1806-206, AS568-206
BS1806-207, AS568-207
BS1806-208, AS568-208
BS1806-209, AS568-209
BS1806-210, AS568-210
BS1806-211, AS568-211
BS1806-212, AS568-212
BS1806-213, AS568-213
BS1806-214, AS568-214
BS1806-215, AS568-215
BS1806-216, AS568-216
BS1806-217, AS568-217
BS1806-218, AS568-218
BS1806-219, AS568-219
BS1806-220, AS568-220
BS1806-221, AS568-221
BS1806-222, AS568-222
BS1806-223, AS568-223
BS1806-224, AS568-224
BS1806-225, AS568-225
BS1806-226, AS568-226
BS1806-227, AS568-227
BS1806-228, AS568-228
BS1806-229, AS568-229
BS1806-230, AS568-230
BS1806-231, AS568-231
BS1806-232, AS568-232
BS1806-233, AS568-233
BS1806-234, AS568-234
BS1806-235, AS568-235
BS1806-236, AS568-236
BS1806-237, AS568-237
BS1806-238, AS568-238
BS1806-239, AS568-239
0.71
0.71
0.71
0.71
0.76
0.76
0.76
0.76
0.76
0.89
0.89
0.89
0.89
0.89
0.89
0.89
0.89
0.89
0.89
1.02
1.02
1.02
1.02
1.14
1.14
1.14
1.14
1.27
1.27
1.27
1.27
1.40
1.40
1.40
1.40
1.40
1.65
1.65
1.65
1.65
1.65
1.65
1.91
2.03
2.16
18.00
19.00
20.00
20.60
21.20
22.40
23.00
23.60
24.30
25.00
25.80
26.50
27.30
28.00
29.00
30.00
31.50
32.50
33.50
34.50
35.50
36.50
0.25
0.25
0.26
0.26
0.27
0.28
0.29
0.29
0.30
0.30
0.31
0.31
0.32
0.32
0.33
0.34
0.35
0.36
0.36
0.37
0.38
0.38
3.53
+/- 0.10
3.55
+/- 0.10
Size Reference
94.84
98.02
101.19
104.37
107.54
110.72
113.89
117.07
120.24
123.42
126.59
129.77
132.94
136.12
139.29
142.47
145.64
148.82
151.99
158.34
164.69
171.04
177.39
183.74
190.09
196.44
202.79
209.14
215.49
221.84
228.19
234.54
240.89
247.24
253.59
266.29
278.99
291.69
304.39
329.79
355.19
380.57
405.26
430.66
456.06
Cross Section
0.13
0.13
0.13
0.13
0.13
0.13
0.18
0.23
0.23
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.38
0.38
0.38
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.71
Internal Diameter
Tolerance +/- (mm)
4.34
5.94
7.52
9.12
10.69
12.29
13.87
15.47
17.04
18.64
20.22
21.82
23.39
24.99
26.57
28.17
29.74
31.34
32.92
34.52
36.09
37.69
40.87
44.04
47.22
50.39
53.57
56.74
59.92
63.09
66.27
69.44
72.62
75.79
78.97
82.14
85.32
88.49
91.67
3.00
+/- 0.10
BS4518 0945-30
BS4518 0995-30
BS4518 1045-30
BS4518 1095-30
BS4518 1145-30
BS4518 1195-30
BS4518 1245-30
BS4518 1295-30
BS4518 1345-30
BS4518 1395-30
BS4518 1445-30
BS4518 1495-30
BS4518 1545-30
BS4518 1595-30
BS4518 1645-30
BS4518 1695-30
BS4518 1745-30
BS4518 1795-30
BS4518 1845-30
BS4518 1895-30
BS4518 1945-30
BS4518 1995-30
BS4518 2095-30
BS4518 2195-30
BS4518 2295-30
BS4518 2395-30
BS4518 2445-30
BS4518 2495-30
Internal Diameter
(mm)
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.80
0.80
0.80
0.80
0.80
0.80
0.80
0.80
0.80
0.80
Size Reference
Internal Diameter
Tolerance +/- (mm)
94.50
99.50
104.50
109.50
114.50
119.50
124.50
129.50
134.50
139.50
144.50
149.50
154.50
159.50
164.50
169.50
174.50
179.50
184.50
189.50
194.50
199.50
209.50
219.50
229.50
239.50
244.50
249.50
Cross Section
Internal Diameter
(mm)
O-ring sizes
60
BS1806-240, AS568-240
BS1806-241, AS568-241
BS1806-242, AS568-242
BS1806-243, AS568-243
BS1806-244, AS568-244
BS1806-245, AS568-245
BS1806-246, AS568-246
BS1806-247, AS568-247
BS1806-248, AS568-248
BS1806-249, AS568-249
BS1806-250, AS568-250
BS1806-251, AS568-251
BS1806-252, AS568-252
BS1806-253, AS568-253
BS1806-254, AS568-254
BS1806-255, AS568-255
BS1806-256, AS568-256
BS1806-257, AS568-257
BS1806-258, AS568-258
BS1806-259, AS568-259
BS1806-260, AS568-260
BS1806-261, AS568-261
BS1806-262, AS568-262
BS1806-263, AS568-263
BS1806-264, AS568-264
BS1806-265, AS568-265
BS1806-266, AS568-266
BS1806-267, AS568-267
BS1806-268, AS568-268
BS1806-269, AS568-269
BS1806-270, AS568-270
BS1806-271, AS568-271
BS1806-272, AS568-272
BS1806-273, AS568-273
BS1806-274, AS568-274
BS1806-275, AS568-275
BS1806-276, AS568-276
BS1806-277, AS568-277
BS1806-278, AS568-278
BS1806-279, AS568-279
BS1806-280, AS568-280
BS1806-281, AS568-281
BS1806-282, AS568-282
BS1806-283, AS568-283
BS1806-284, AS568-284
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
0.25
0.26
0.28
0.29
0.30
0.31
0.32
0.34
0.35
0.36
0.37
0.39
0.39
40.00
41.20
42.50
43.70
45.00
46.20
47.50
48.70
50.00
51.50
53.00
54.50
56.00
58.00
60.00
61.50
63.00
65.00
67.00
69.00
71.00
73.00
75.00
77.50
80.00
82.50
85.00
87.50
90.00
92.50
95.00
97.50
100.00
103.00
106.00
109.00
112.00
115.00
118.00
122.00
125.00
128.00
132.00
136.00
140.00
142.50
145.00
147.50
150.00
152.50
155.00
157.50
160.00
162.50
0.41
0.42
0.43
0.44
0.44
0.45
0.46
0.47
0.48
0.49
0.50
0.51
0.52
0.54
0.55
0.56
0.57
0.58
0.60
0.61
0.63
0.64
0.65
0.67
0.69
0.71
0.72
0.74
0.76
0.77
0.79
0.81
0.82
0.85
0.87
0.89
0.91
0.93
0.95
0.97
0.99
1.01
1.04
1.07
1.09
1.11
1.13
1.14
1.16
1.18
1.19
1.21
1.23
1.24
3.60
+/- 0.10
5.30
+/- 0.13
Size Reference
18.30
19.80
21.30
23.00
24.60
26.20
27.80
29.30
30.80
32.50
34.10
35.60
37.30
Cross Section
Internal Diameter
Tolerance +/- (mm)
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
Internal Diameter
(mm)
3.55
+/- 0.10
Size Reference
Internal Diameter
Tolerance +/- (mm)
0.39
0.40
0.41
0.42
0.43
0.44
0.44
0.45
0.46
0.47
0.48
0.49
0.50
0.51
0.52
0.54
0.55
0.56
0.57
0.58
0.60
0.61
0.63
0.64
0.65
0.67
0.69
0.71
0.72
0.74
0.76
0.77
0.79
0.81
0.82
0.85
0.87
0.89
0.91
0.93
0.95
0.97
0.99
1.01
1.04
1.07
1.09
1.11
1.13
1.14
1.16
1.18
1.19
1.21
1.23
1.24
1.26
1.28
1.29
1.31
1.33
1.34
1.36
1.38
1.39
1.41
1.43
1.46
1.49
Cross Section
Internal Diameter
(mm)
37.50
38.70
40.00
41.20
42.50
43.70
45.00
46.20
47.50
48.70
50.00
51.50
53.00
54.50
56.00
58.00
60.00
61.50
63.00
65.00
67.00
69.00
71.00
73.00
75.00
77.50
80.00
82.50
85.00
87.50
90.00
92.50
95.00
97.50
100.00
103.00
106.00
109.00
112.00
115.00
118.00
122.00
125.00
128.00
132.00
136.00
140.00
142.50
145.00
147.50
150.00
152.50
155.00
157.50
160.00
162.50
165.00
167.50
170.00
172.50
175.00
177.50
180.00
182.50
185.00
187.50
190.00
195.00
200.00
O-ring sizes
R15
R16
R17
R18
R19
R20
R21
R22
R23
R24
R25
R26
R27
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
61
5.33
+/- 0.13
BS1806-309, AS568-309
BS1806-310, AS568-310
BS1806-311, AS568-311
BS1806-312, AS568-312
BS1806-313, AS568-313
BS1806-314, AS568-314
BS1806-315, AS568-315
BS1806-316, AS568-316
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.38
0.38
0.38
0.38
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.71
0.71
0.71
0.71
0.71
0.76
0.76
0.76
0.76
0.76
0.76
0.94
0.94
0.94
0.94
0.94
0.94
0.94
0.94
0.94
1.02
1.02
1.02
1.02
1.14
1.14
1.14
1.14
1.27
1.27
1.27
1.27
1.40
1.40
1.40
1.40
1.52
1.52
1.65
1.65
1.65
1.78
5.33
+/- 0.13
Size Reference
23.16
24.77
26.34
27.94
29.51
31.12
32.69
34.29
37.47
40.64
43.82
46.99
50.17
53.34
56.52
59.69
62.87
66.04
69.22
72.39
75.57
78.74
81.92
85.09
88.27
91.44
94.62
97.79
100.97
104.14
107.32
110.49
113.67
116.84
120.02
123.19
126.37
129.54
132.72
135.89
139.07
142.24
145.42
148.59
151.77
158.12
164.47
170.82
177.17
183.52
189.87
196.22
202.57
208.92
215.27
221.62
227.97
234.32
240.67
247.02
253.37
266.07
278.77
291.47
304.17
329.57
354.97
Cross Section
0.13
0.13
0.18
0.23
0.23
0.25
0.25
0.25
Internal Diameter
Tolerance +/- (mm)
10.46
12.07
13.64
15.24
16.81
18.42
19.99
21.59
5.30
+/- 0.13
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
Internal Diameter
(mm)
1.26
1.28
1.29
1.31
1.33
1.34
1.36
1.38
1.39
1.41
1.43
1.46
1.49
1.51
1.53
1.57
1.61
1.65
1.67
1.69
1.73
1.75
1.77
1.82
1.84
1.87
1.89
1.91
1.92
1.96
1.98
2.01
2.03
2.05
2.08
2.11
2.14
2.16
2.19
2.21
2.24
2.27
2.30
2.33
2.36
2.40
2.43
2.46
2.49
2.52
2.56
2.59
2.62
2.64
2.67
2.70
2.72
2.75
2.78
Size Reference
Internal Diameter
Tolerance +/- (mm)
165.00
167.50
170.00
172.50
175.00
177.50
180.00
182.50
185.00
187.50
190.00
195.00
200.00
203.00
206.00
212.00
218.00
224.00
227.00
230.00
236.00
239.00
243.00
250.00
254.00
258.00
261.00
265.00
268.00
272.00
276.00
280.00
283.00
286.00
290.00
295.00
300.00
303.00
307.00
311.00
315.00
320.00
325.00
330.00
335.00
340.00
345.00
350.00
355.00
360.00
365.00
370.00
375.00
379.00
383.00
387.00
391.00
395.00
400.00
Cross Section
Internal Diameter
(mm)
O-ring sizes
62
BS1806-317, AS568-317
BS1806-318, AS568-318
BS1806-319, AS568-319
BS1806-320, AS568-320
BS1806-321, AS568-321
BS1806-322, AS568-322
BS1806-323, AS568-323
BS1806-324, AS568-324
BS1806-325, AS568-325, R28
BS1806-326, AS568-326, R29
BS1806-327, AS568-327, R30
BS1806-328, AS568-328, R31
BS1806-329, AS568-329, R32
BS1806-330, AS568-330, R33
BS1806-331, AS568-331, R34
BS1806-332, AS568-332, R35
BS1806-333, AS568-333, R36
BS1806-334, AS568-334, R37
BS1806-335, AS568-335, R38
BS1806-336, AS568-336, R39
BS1806-337, AS568-337, R40
BS1806-338, AS568-338, R41
BS1806-339, AS568-339, R42
BS1806-340, AS568-340, R43
BS1806-341, AS568-341, R44
BS1806-342, AS568-342, R45
BS1806-343, AS568-343, R46
BS1806-344, AS568-344, R47
BS1806-345, AS568-345, R48
BS1806-346, AS568-346, R49
BS1806-347, AS568-347, R50
BS1806-348, AS568-348, R51
BS1806-349, AS568-349, R52
BS1806-350, AS568-350
BS1806-351, AS568-351
BS1806-352, AS568-352
BS1806-353, AS568-353
BS1806-354, AS568-354
BS1806-355, AS568-355
BS1806-356, AS568-356
BS1806-357, AS568-357
BS1806-358, AS568-358
BS1806-359, AS568-359
BS1806-360, AS568-360
BS1806-361, AS568-361
BS1806-362, AS568-362
BS1806-363, AS568-363
BS1806-364, AS568-364
BS1806-365, AS568-365
BS1806-366, AS568-366
BS1806-367, AS568-367
BS1806-368, AS568-368
BS1806-369, AS568-369
BS1806-370, AS568-370
BS1806-371, AS568-371
BS1806-372, AS568-372
BS1806-373, AS568-373
BS1806-374, AS568-374
BS1806-375, AS568-375
BS1806-376, AS568-376
BS1806-377, AS568-377
BS1806-378, AS568-378
BS1806-379, AS568-379
BS1806-380, AS568-380
BS1806-381, AS568-381
BS1806-382, AS568-382
BS1806-383, AS568-383
5.70
+/- 0.12
BS4518 0443-57
BS4518 0453-57
BS4518 0493-57
BS4518 0523-57
BS4518 0543-57
BS4518 0553-57
BS4518 0593-57
BS4518 0623-57
BS4518 0643-57
BS4518 0693-57
BS4518 0743-57
BS4518 0793-57
BS4518 0843-57
BS4518 0893-57
BS4518 0943-57
BS4518 0993-57
BS4518 1043-57
BS4518 1093-57
BS4518 1143-57
BS4518 1193-57
BS4518 1243-57
BS4518 1293-57
BS4518 1343-57
BS4518 1393-57
BS4518 1443-57
BS4518 1493-57
BS4518 1543-57
BS4518 1593-57
BS4518 1643-57
BS4518 1693-57
BS4518 1743-57
BS4518 1793-57
BS4518 1843-57
BS4518 1893-57
BS4518 1943-57
BS4518 1993-57
BS4518 2093-57
BS4518 2193-57
BS4518 2293-57
BS4518 2393-57
BS4518 2493-57
BS4518 2593-57
BS4518 2693-57
BS4518 2793-57
BS4518 2893-57
BS4518 2993-57
BS4518 3093-57
BS4518 3193-57
BS4518 3393-57
BS4518 3593-57
BS4518 3793-57
BS4518 3893-57
BS4518 3993-57
BS4518 4193-57
BS4518 4393-57
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
113.67
116.84
120.02
123.19
126.37
129.54
132.72
135.89
139.07
142.24
145.42
148.59
151.77
158.12
164.47
170.82
177.17
183.52
189.87
196.22
202.57
215.27
227.97
240.67
253.37
266.07
278.77
291.47
304.17
316.87
329.57
342.27
354.97
367.67
380.37
393.07
405.26
417.96
430.66
443.36
456.06
468.76
481.46
494.16
506.86
532.26
557.66
582.68
608.08
633.48
658.88
0.84
0.84
0.84
0.84
0.94
0.94
0.94
0.94
0.94
0.94
0.94
0.94
0.94
1.02
1.02
1.02
1.02
1.14
1.14
1.14
1.14
1.40
1.40
1.40
1.40
1.52
1.52
1.52
1.52
1.52
1.52
1.78
1.78
1.78
1.78
1.78
1.91
1.91
2.03
2.16
2.16
2.16
2.29
2.29
2.41
2.41
2.54
2.67
2.79
2.92
3.05
109.00
112.00
115.00
118.00
122.00
125.00
128.00
132.00
136.00
140.00
142.50
0.89
0.91
0.93
0.95
0.97
0.99
1.01
1.04
1.07
1.09
1.11
5.70
+/- 0.12
6.99
+/- 0.15
7.00
+/- 0.15
Size Reference
459.30
479.30
489.30
499.30
Cross Section
Internal Diameter
Tolerance +/- (mm)
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.80
0.80
0.80
0.80
0.80
0.80
0.80
0.80
0.80
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.50
1.50
1.50
1.50
1.50
1.50
1.50
2.00
2.00
+/- 0.13
BS1806-384, AS568-384
BS1806-385, AS568-385
BS1806-386, AS568-386
BS1806-387, AS568-387
BS1806-388, AS568-388
BS1806-389, AS568-389
BS1806-390, AS568-390
BS1806-391, AS568-391
BS1806-392, AS568-392
BS1806-393, AS568-393
BS1806-394, AS568-394
BS1806-395, AS568-395
Internal Diameter
(mm)
44.30
45.30
49.30
52.30
54.30
55.30
59.30
62.30
64.30
69.30
74.30
79.30
84.30
89.30
94.30
99.30
104.30
109.30
114.30
119.30
124.30
129.30
134.30
139.30
144.30
149.30
154.30
159.30
164.30
169.30
174.30
179.30
184.30
189.30
194.30
199.30
209.30
219.30
229.30
239.30
249.30
259.30
269.30
279.30
289.30
299.30
309.30
319.30
339.30
359.30
379.30
389.30
399.30
419.30
439.30
5.33
Size Reference
Internal Diameter
Tolerance +/- (mm)
1.78
1.91
2.03
2.16
2.29
2.41
2.41
2.54
2.67
2.79
2.92
3.05
Cross Section
Internal Diameter
(mm)
380.37
405.26
430.66
456.06
481.46
506.86
532.26
557.66
582.68
608.08
633.48
658.88
O-ring sizes
BS4518 4593-57
BS4518 4793-57
BS4518 4893-57
BS4518 4993-57
BS1806-425, AS568-425, R53
BS1806-426, AS568-426, R54
BS1806-427, AS568-427, R55
BS1806-428, AS568-428, R56
BS1806-429, AS568-429, R57
BS1806-430, AS568-430, R58
BS1806-431, AS568-431, R59
BS1806-432, AS568-432, R60
BS1806-433, AS568-433, R61
BS1806-434, AS568-434, R62
BS1806-435, AS568-435, R63
BS1806-436, AS568-436, R64
BS1806-437, AS568-437, R65
BS1806-438, AS568-438, R66
BS1806-439, AS568-439, R67
BS1806-440, AS568-440, R68
BS1806-441, AS568-441, R69
BS1806-442, AS568-442, R70
BS1806-443, AS568-443, R71
BS1806-444, AS568-444, R72
BS1806-445, AS568-445, R73
BS1806-446, AS568-446, R74
BS1806-447, AS568-447, R75
BS1806-448, AS568-448, R76
BS1806-449, AS568-449, R77
BS1806-450, AS568-450, R78
BS1806-451, AS568-451, R79
BS1806-452, AS568-452, R80
BS1806-453, AS568-453, R81
BS1806-454, AS568-454, R82
BS1806-455, AS568-455, R83
BS1806-456, AS568-456, R84
BS1806-457, AS568-457, R85
BS1806-458, AS568-458, R86
BS1806-459, AS568-459, R87
BS1806-460, AS568-460, R88
BS1806-461, AS568-461
BS1806-462, AS568-462
BS1806-463, AS568-463
BS1806-464, AS568-464
BS1806-465, AS568-465
BS1806-466, AS568-466
BS1806-467, AS568-467
BS1806-468, AS568-468
BS1806-469, AS568-469
BS1806-470, AS568-470
BS1806-471, AS568-471
BS1806-472, AS568-472
BS1806-473, AS568-473
BS1806-474, AS568-474
BS1806-475, AS568-475
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
63
2.82
2.85
2.89
2.93
2.96
2.99
3.01
3.05
3.09
3.13
3.17
3.19
3.22
3.25
3.28
3.30
3.33
3.36
3.41
3.46
3.50
3.55
3.60
3.65
3.69
3.74
3.78
3.85
3.91
3.97
4.03
4.08
4.12
4.17
4.22
4.28
4.34
4.40
4.47
144.10
149.10
154.10
159.10
164.10
169.10
174.10
179.10
184.10
189.10
194.10
199.10
204.10
209.10
219.10
229.10
234.10
239.10
249.10
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.80
0.80
0.80
0.80
0.80
0.80
0.80
0.80
0.80
0.80
0.80
7.00
+/- 0.15
8.40
+/- 0.15
Size Reference
406.00
412.00
418.00
425.00
429.00
433.00
437.00
443.00
450.00
456.00
462.00
466.00
470.00
475.00
479.00
483.00
487.00
493.00
500.00
508.00
515.00
523.00
530.00
538.00
545.00
553.00
560.00
570.00
580.00
590.00
600.00
608.00
615.00
623.00
630.00
640.00
650.00
660.00
670.00
Cross Section
Internal Diameter
Tolerance +/- (mm)
7.00
+/- 0.15
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
Internal Diameter
(mm)
1.13
1.14
1.16
1.18
1.19
1.21
1.23
1.24
1.26
1.28
1.29
1.31
1.33
1.34
1.36
1.38
1.39
1.41
1.43
1.46
1.49
1.51
1.53
1.57
1.61
1.65
1.67
1.69
1.73
1.75
1.77
1.82
1.84
1.87
1.89
1.91
1.92
1.96
1.98
2.01
2.03
2.05
2.08
2.11
2.14
2.16
2.19
2.21
2.24
2.27
2.30
2.33
2.36
2.40
2.43
2.46
2.49
2.52
2.56
2.59
2.62
2.64
2.67
2.70
2.72
2.75
2.78
Size Reference
Internal Diameter
Tolerance +/- (mm)
145.00
147.50
150.00
152.50
155.00
157.50
160.00
162.50
165.00
167.50
170.00
172.50
175.00
177.50
180.00
182.50
185.00
187.50
190.00
195.00
200.00
203.00
206.00
212.00
218.00
224.00
227.00
230.00
236.00
239.00
243.00
250.00
254.00
258.00
261.00
265.00
268.00
272.00
276.00
280.00
283.00
286.00
290.00
295.00
300.00
303.00
307.00
311.00
315.00
320.00
325.00
330.00
335.00
340.00
345.00
350.00
355.00
360.00
365.00
370.00
375.00
379.00
383.00
387.00
391.00
395.00
400.00
Cross Section
Internal Diameter
(mm)
O Ring Sizes
64
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
ISO3601-G
BS4518 1441-84
BS4518 1491-84
BS4518 1541-84
BS4518 1591-84
BS4518 1641-84
BS4518 1691-84
BS4518 1741-84
BS4518 1791-84
BS4518 1841-84
BS4518 1891-84
BS4518 1941-84
BS4518 1991-84
BS4518 2041-84
BS4518 2091-84
BS4518 2191-84
BS4518 2291-84
BS4518 2341-84
BS4518 2391-84
BS4518 2491-84
3-A Sanitary Standards Inc.
Abrasion
Accelerated ageing
ACM
Acrylonitrile Butadine
21
48
50
14
16
Elastomer material types
Elongation
Embrittlement and hardening
EPDM
Epichlorohydrin
AEM
Aerospace tolerances
Aerospace/Defence
Analysis of elastomer materials
Analytical services
14
55
19
7
7
Ethylene Acrylic
Ethylene-Propylene
EU
Explosive Decompression (ED)
Explosive decompression testing
Approvals
AS4716 groove sizes for piston and rod seals
AS568 O-ring sizes
ASTM D1418 material designations
AU
19
52
52, 57
14
14
Extrusion
Face seals
Failure analysis
FCN (Food Contact Notification)
FDA (Food & Drug Administration)
14
47
50
15
14
14
15
14
21, 49
8
53
52
7
21
20
Back-up rings
BGC/PSL/LC6 (Gas specification)
Bio-analytical
BS1806 O-ring sizes (imperial)
BS2494
53
21
19
57
21
FEA
FEP
FEPM
FFKM (FFPM)
Finite Element Analysis (FEA)
6
15
15
11, 15
6
BS3734 moulding tolerances
BS4518 O-ring sizes (metric)
Butyl
Chemical Compatibility (Online)
Chemical Compatibility (Reference Table)
56
57
16
9
23
FKM (FPM)
Fluorocarbon
Fluoroelastomer
Fluoroethylene Propylene-Perfluoroalkoxy
Fluorosilicone
15, 16
15
15
15
16
Chemical compatibility testing
Chemical Processing Industry elastomers
Chemical resistance data
Chemical/Temperature resistance matrix
Chloroprene
7
19
23
18
14
Food & Drug Administration
Food Contact Notification
Force, sealing
Friction
FVMQ
20
21
52
48
16
Chlorosulphonated Polyethylene
Chlorosulphonylpolyethylene
Clearance gap
Coeffecient of thermal expansion
Comparison of elastomer properties
14
14
53
51
18
Gas Specification
Generator Sets
Glass transition temperature
Groove dimensions
Hardening and embrittlement
21
19
50
10
50
Component Design
Compression set
Compressive modulus
Compressive stress relaxation
Computer Aided Design (CAD)
6
49
49
49
6
Hardness testing
Hardness
Hardware design guidelines
Heat resistance
High Nitrile
Consultancy service
Copolymer
CR
Cross-section
CSM
O RingA–Z
Index
Sizes
Index A–I
7
48
10, 52
50
16
7
16
14
55, 57
14
HNBR
How to select the correct seal
Hydrongenated Nitrile
IIR
Industry specific elastomers
17
12
17
16
19
Cure systems
Customised design service
Datasheets
Defence
Design service
51
6
9
19
6
Infra-red Spectroscopy (FTIR)
Internal diameter
International O-ring sizes
IR
IRHD hardness
8
57
52, 57
16
48
Diesel Engines
Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC)
DTD Specification
DVGW
ECO
19
8
19
21
14
ISO 1629 material designations
ISO 3601
KTW
Laboratory testing & analysis
Le Joint Francais
14
54, 57
21
7
57
65
Index A–Z
Index I–Z
Lead times
Low Nitrile
Low temperature resistance
Manufacturing lead times
Marine Diesel Engine seals
5
16
50
5
19
Retained sealing force
Rod seals
SBR
Seal selection – considerations
Sealing force
49
52
17
12
49
Material approvals
Material Characterisation Centre
Material datasheets
Material testing and analysis
Mechanical evaluation/testing
19
7
9
7
8
Semiconductor
Shore hardness
Shrinkage (volume change)
Silicone
12
20
48
51
17
Medium Nitrile
Metal detectable seals
Microscopy
MIL Specification
Modulus
16
20
7
19
47
Softening
Spectroscopy
Squeeze
Standard O-ring sizes
Strain energy density
50
8
52
57
47
Moulding tolerances
Natural Rubber
NBR
NES337 Defence Standard
Nitrile
56
17
16
19
16
Stress-strain curve
Styrene-Butadine
Sulphur cure
Swelling
Tear strength
Non-standard O-rings
NR
Nuclear
Offshore
Oil & Gas
5
17
19
20
20
Technical design service
Technical support
Temperature range of elastomers
Temperature Retraction (TR) Test
Temperature/Chemical resistance matrix
5
5
18
50
18
Online Chemical Compatibility
9
Online Helpdesk
10
Online Literature Library (specs, datasheets & certificates) 9
Online Material Selector Tool
9
Online O-ring and Groove Dimension Wizard
10
Tensile strength
Tensile stress
Terminology
Terpolymer
Testing and analysis
47
47
47
16
7
O-ring sizes
O-ring tolerances
Outgassing
Ozone resistance
Perfluoroelastomer
Tetrafluoroethylene/Propylene
Tetrapolymer
TFE/P
Thermal analysis
Thermal expansion
Perlast
Permeation
Peroxide cure
PFA
Pharmaceutical
11
49
51
15
19
Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA)
Tolerances
Tooling
Trade names
Training and Education
Piston seals
Polyacrylate
Polyacrylic
Polyester
Polyether Urethane
52
14
14
14
14
Trapped seals
Types of elastomer
United States Pharmacopiea (USP)
USP Class VI
UV resistance
Polyisoprene
Polytetrafluoroethylene
Potable Water
Powder Generation
Pressure
16
17
21
19
53
VMQ
Volume change
Volume loss
Water grade seals
Wear
PTFE
PVMQ
Quality
R (LJF) O-ring sizes
Registered trade names
66
57
54, 55
51
50
11, 15
11, 17
17
5
57
22
Weathering
Website tools
WRC (Water Research Council)
47
17
51
23, 50, 51
48
15, 17
16
15, 17
7
51
8
51, 55, 57
5
22
5
52
14
21
21
50
17
51
49, 50
21
48
50
9
21
Notes
Corporate Brochure
Elastomer Technical Guide & Chemical Compatibility
Food and Pharmaceutical
Perlast® General
Perlast® Semiconductor
Diesel Engines
DE
EN
ES
FR
Perlast Limited
Greenbank Road
Blackburn
BB1 3EA
England
Tel: +44 (0) 1254 295400
Fax: +44 (0) 1254 680182
Email: [email protected]
www.perlast.com
05/06
Precision Polymer Engineering Limited
Greenbank Road
Blackburn
BB1 3EA
England
Tel: +44 (0) 1254 295400
Fax: +44 (0) 1254 680182
Email: [email protected]
www.prepol.com

Elastomer Compounds Chemical Compatibility

Transcription

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