PowerPoint プレゼンテーション

2011/12/12
UNDP/ JICA Training
Forest conservation（REDD+),
Gender and Social condition
Basic information for group work 2
Kaori SAKAMAKI
14, December, 2011
1
Outline
• Village information
• Tasks for Group work
• Additional information of PAREDD
approach
2
1
2011/12/12
Village information
Location
Houaykhing
Houaykin Village, Phonsay District
3
Village information
History
Year
ー 2001
2001
Traditional shifting cultivation on upland rice
Road construction from Ponsay to Houaykhing by
manpower (Only motorbike is travelable)
Road improvement from Phonsay to Houaykhing by
heavy machinery (Automobile is also travelable)
2003
2010
Houaykhing Village was built by merge of 3 villages and
its residential area moved to current place along the
main road.
Increasing population for migration from Longlat to
Houayking
4
2
2011/12/12
Village information
Population
2003
2010 (Beginning)
2010 (End )
Population
(No. of Household)
1,200
(165 HH)
1,388
(188 HH)
1,404
(202 HH)
No. of poor HH
-
-
30 HH (15%)
Ethnic
No. of Household
(2010)
Kham
Mong
90 HH
(45 %)
112 HH
(55%)
5
Village information
Village organization
•
•
•
•
Village committee
Senior group
Youth union
Women's union
• Production Groups
• Water Users Group (Water Supply)
• Forest Users Group
• Forest volunteer
• Village veterinary volunteer
6
3
2011/12/12
Village information
Infrastructure
• Road accessibility:
Difficult to access in the rain
season
• Electricity:
None
(Some household : solar energy,
hydro power)
• Water supply:
10 points of small water supply
7
Village information
Agriculture
Crops
Area (ha)
No. of HH
Upland rice
200.4
202
Paddy field rice
19.1
33
Maize
39.68
79
Cassava
11.3
43
Jatropha
20.5
22
Job's Tear
1.4
3
Sesame
13.4
20
Chill
0.5
12
Eggplant
0.12
5
8
4
2011/12/12
Village information
Agriculture =Livestock=
Livestock
(head)
2007
2008
2010
Cattle
253
214
496
Buffalo
314
301
318
Pig
754
355
326
Goat
265
364
665
Poultry
2,981
3,890
3,038
9
Village information
Role of Gender
• Household owner: Male
• Decision making: Male
• Housework: Female (Khum)
10
5
2011/12/12
Village information
Land Use
• Land title: None but villagers have social
custom to divide shifting cultivation
area
11
Village information
Drivers of Deforestation and Forest Degradation
Main Drivers
Push Factor
Pioneer type slash and
burn agriculture
•Population increase
•Scarcity of Farmland
•Shorten Fallow period
leads to soil
degradation
Agricultural Expansion
•Population increase
•scarcity of Farmland
•Increase agricultural
option
•Land competition with
other land use such as
Oil tree Plantation
Migration and
Population increase
Pull Factor
•Market Demand
increase
•Monetary Support
Scheme
( e.g. Policy bank, etc)
•Road Construction
•Migration Policy?
Mitigation measure
•Agricultural
Intensification
•Increase agricultural
option
• Improve agricultural
technique to maximize
agricultural
productivity
•Enhance off-farm
activity
• Proper PLUP
implementation
•Strengthen community
based forest
management
Drivers that need to be verified




Fuel Wood Consumption
Forest Fire
Large-Scale Concession
Illegal logging
12
6
2011/12/12
Village information
Consciousness of forest
•
A lot of villagers recognize that Lao government should execute
the forestry management by the top down.
•
A few villagers recognize that forest management by the
government becomes disadvantageous for the villagers.
•
Khum. Mong, shifting cultivation farmers and poor household
are low consciousness of forest management by villagers.
•
Poor household and female, who cannot make a decision and
raise a voice, tend to think that the government should take
the land use planning and responsibility of forest management.
•
Village committee member, male and rich household, who can
make a decision and raise a voice, think that villagers should
have responsibility of forest management . Moreover, they
think role of villagers is forest management according to the
government policy.
13
Village information
Conciseness of Forest
value
• A lot of villagers evaluate high forest
value.
• The sense of forest values between male
and female is different
Male : Indirect values,
eg. watershed and shade
Female: direct values,
eg. NTFP and firewood
14
7
2011/12/12
Village information
Conciseness of decision
making in village
•
Most villagers think that decision making is good as top down,
especially village committee, paddy field farmers and poor
household tend to think it strongly.
•
Most villagers cannot speak their opinion on decision making
in the whole village meeting.
•
Villagers have intension that they want to make a decision
related their interest and/or advantage such as land use.
However, they do not have any idea about suitable decision
making process.
•
It is difficult for female to understand contents of the
meeting, because most of female cannot speak Lao language.
15
Village information
Conciseness of Group
activity
• Group activity is mainly Cleaning and road
maintenance in village
• Villagers understand about benefit from group
activity, because they corporate each other to
weeding and carry crop from shifting
cultivation area
• Many household think that the approach
generated disadvantage should work privately
16
8
2011/12/12
Village information
Conciseness of maintaining
livelihoods
• Most of villagers understand necessary of
forest management, however they do not have
other opinion to change shifting cultivation
• Poor household does not have enough time to
gain new income generation activity
• Khum and Mong tend to use forest for income
generation strongly
17
Tasks for Group work
It proposes the method and
consideration points of REDD+,
social consideration and gender
prospective in the case of
Houaykhing village at PAREDD target
area
18
9
2011/12/12
Tasks for Group work A
Task A (Group 1, 3)
A-1: Land and forest use plan
To examine method of future zoning plan reflected the
opinion of poor household and female
A-2: Community monitoring
To examine the benefit on female and poor household
participating forest monitoring and to consider how
to make an opportunity for female and poor household
to join forest monitoring
19
Tasks for Group work B
Task B
B-1: Activity selection
To examine appropriate method for activity and
participants selection, and to consider balance between
forest conservation and livelihood improvement
B-2: Free prior and informed consent (FPIC)
To examine method and target of FPIC
(Who, Whom, What, When, How…)
20
10
2011/12/12
Additional information of PAREDD approach
Land and forest use plan 1
It is expected to attain a realistic balance
between livelihood requirements and forest
conservation.
1. Village boundary delineation
2. Current agriculture and forest land use
zoning
3. Future agriculture and forest land use zoning
4. Forest management plan
5. Agriculture land use plan
21
Mitigation activity: Previous land use
Livelihood
improvement
Agricultural expansion
•Scarcity of Farmland
• Shorten Fallow period
leads to soil degradation
Increase agricultural
option
Land competition
Land & Forest
use plan
22
11
2011/12/12
Mitigation activity: after mitigation activity
Livelihood
improvement
• Agriculture intensification
• Increase agriculture option
• Improve agricultural
techniques to improve
productivity
Land and forest use
plan
Land & Forest
use plan
Reducing deforestation
23
24
12
2011/12/12
Additional information of PAREDD approach
Land and forest use plan 2
3. Future agriculture and forest land use zoning
-Whether type of each forest zone is appropriate
acceding to forest management purpose?
-Whether location and size of forest zone meet the
purpose of forest zoning?
-Whether forest zoning obstructs current land use
practice and agricultural farming system?
-Whether forest zoning meet the requirements for
domestic wood and NTFPs?
-Whether future population increase takes into
account?
25
Additional information of PAREDD approach
Community monitoring
Ground survey for forest biomass (under discussion)
- Monitoring type: Sample plots, forest biomass survey
- Monitoring period: every year
- Monitoring contents:
tree type, tree age, tree high, steam density, diameter
26
13
2011/12/12
Additional information of PAREDD approach
Activity selection 1
Process of activity selection
Purpose of selecting of activities and prioritization is to provide an
opportunity for all villagers to consider problem solving by
themselves and to raise awareness of villagers’ ownership through
the process. Process of selecting activities and prioritization is as
follows:
•
Explanation of the list of potential PAREDD activities (please
check slide 26)
Villagers should discuss and confirm their own strategy of village
such as target of activity participants, period of revolving. (Please
check slide 27)
Villagers vote for the interested activities
Villagers come to a final agreement of priority activities
•
•
•
＊Villagers should recognize that the activities are conducive to the
project purpose which is forest conservation.
27
Additional information of PAREDD approach
Activity selection 2
No.
Activity
1
Paddy field expansion (irrigation)
To increase rice productivity
2
Cattle raising
To gain property and income
3
Build new village meeting room
To have a village meeting
comfortably
4
Goat raising
To gain property and income
5
Pig raising
To gain property and income
6
Poultry raising
To gain property and income
7
Buffalo raising
To gain property and income
8
Orchard
To gain income
9
Reforestation in conservation
area
To protect and recover
conservation area
Waving
To gain income
10
Reason
28
14
2011/12/12
Additional information of PAREDD approach
Activity selection 3
Important points for activities selection
• Villagers need to recognize that the activities belong
to them
• Villagers need to check if suggested activities are
feasible in terms of land use
• Who is most suitable first participants on activity
for reducing deforestation?
• How to promote poor household and female to
participate the activity?
29
Good luck
30
15