Carbon Minus Scheme

Japan Biochar Association
日本バイオ炭普及会
Secretary General
Akira Shibata Ph.DRr
Chair Professor Akira Shibata
Cooling the Earth from the
dinner table:
COOL VEGE™ and the Carbon
Minus Project in Japan
Feb.13th 2014
Ritsumeikan University
Regional Information Research Center
Chair Professor Akira Shibata
Carbon Flow
GHG
absorption
SEA
energy
Fermentation
Pyrolysis
Carbonization
In put
Carbon Neutral circulation
photosynthesis
Biomass
Animal/Plant
In the sea
Out put
（Sequestration) On the land
Inorganic carbon
= Char
Fossil Fuel
Carbon stock
Forest
SEA
PLANT
Surface on the earth
Underground in the earth
Carbon Minus Scheme
Carbon Neutral
Total quantity of carbon is
stable in the long term view.
Surface of
the earth
CO2
in atmosphere
photo
systhesis
decomposition
BIOMASS
Unused biomass
BIOCHAR
Carbon Capture & Storage
Under
ground
Fossil energy
Carbon plus
OFFSET
Stable storage
in underground and sea
Carbon Minus
Carbon Minus Scheme
CO2 emission
control ??
Depopulation
Impoverishment
Unused biomass
Any simple method
to assist natural
environment ?
fund
Company Citizen
CO2 credit
Char
Rural area
Satoyama…
Cool Vegetable
collaboration
Mitigation of climate change
&
Rural development
Model of rural area
Socio-Economical scheme
Monetary influx
Adaptation
&
Mitigation
for CO2
Branded Agricultural product
COOL VEGE R
City
area
Rural
area
Carbon trade
6
Carbon
Capture &
Storage by
Biochar
sustainable rural development
for sustainable conservation of Food and Water
Environment conscious agricultural brand
“Cool Vege”h
R
eco-branding for agricultural products
grew up at carbon stored farmland
New Concept
“Environmental Friendly”
（future merit for children)
After the concept of “safety”, ”relief” and “taste good”
(present merit for yourself)
Philosophical Approach (Backcasting)
Final GOAL
Sustainable supply of Water & Food
Tentative goal
Sustainable conservation of Regional Natural resources
“Landscape such as forest, mountain, river, sea, farmland”
Method
Agriculture with new concept which is
"sustainable conservation of ecology",
though consumer cares only “Safety” and “Taste good” of crops just now.
Examples of measuring category and index:
1)CO2 mitigation・・・① biochar using unused rural biomass,
② extension of dry period at paddy field
LCA-CO2
③ compost・・・・
2)Degree of Bio diversity・・・contamination by chemicals?
3) ・・・・・・??
Philosophic conceptual approach (Why we have to do?)
Sustainable security of Water and Food supply
Rural natural resources
（Landscape: forest, mountain, river, sea, farmland, biodiversity・・）
Sustainable management
Environment conscious rural Brand
Cool Vege
Education,
welfare
School,
residents association
Sightseeing
Sales
Travel agency, Hotel,
（supermarket, internet…）
restaurant
Support by company as CSR
Basic Concept of Carbon Minus Project
COOL VEGE
R
Climate change
mitigation
CO2 reduction
Local biomass
Farmland
Rural area problem
(depopulation, agriculture and
environmental devastation)
Biochar CCS
COOL VEGE
Carbon credit-cap
R
CSR
Education through
“Cool vege”
R
Sustainable rural development
through Carbon Capture & Storage
(CCS)by biochar in farmland for
GHG Mitigation
“Cool Vege”
R
Cool Vegetable to cool earth
eco-branding for agricultural products
grew up at carbon stored farmland.
This activity is socio-economic and
environmentally friendly and encourages
sustainable rural development through
“carbon minus” projects.
Kameoka Kyoto
Carbon Minus
Project
○ Field of Kameoka Carbon Minus Project
Kameoka city Hozu area, Kyoto
Carbon Minus Project
Socio-eco Scheme
Stakeholders and Actors
Local School
Rural area
Local people
Consumers
Local
government
Local biomass
Retailer
Biochar
Carbon cap
CCS local
Committee
CO2
(credit certification
and agent sales, R
COOL VEGE
certification)
Companies
Disclosure of biochar
inspection data
Compost
center
Random
inspection
Value-added
Farmers
COOL VEGE agricultural
labels R products
Biochar+compost
Carbon credit
CERTIFICATE
COOL VEGE
R
Carbon
credits
To stimulate CSR, widely propaganda to the public
Supported by that this activity was supported by good
XXX company companies through COOL VEGE certification labels
C
Agricultural lands
Carbon Minus Project
Local CO2
reduction
committee
Socio-Eco Activity
by Company/Consumer/Farmer
Seal , Sign board
as CSR
Company
Sales of carbon credit
Oh! This Veg was
supported by company !
Great !!
Oh, Yes….
Sale of “Cool Vege”
Local
Company
Image up Eco-friendly brand
Necessary conditions for
Carbon Minus Project
Rural area
Local people
CARBON SEQUESTRATION
Local biomass
Biochar
LCA-CO2 < 0
COOL VEGE
R
Compost
center
Standard
Farmers
100kg carbon/10a/year
Biochar+compost
Storage
C
Agricultural lands
Necessary conditions for
Carbon Minus Project
Certification system of carbon credit
A)Measuring the quantity of Carbon storage,
and its confirmation
B)Authorization(distribution) of carbon credit
in carbon volunteer market(CSR market) by
(local)government
KYOTO ＣＯ2 BANK
Oh!
Appoint to activity of
environment adaptation as
Kyoto original credit
Super Market
KYOTO Carbon storage committee
Ritsumeikan,
Ryukoku, Kyoto Kameoka
city
Gakuen Univ.
Japan
Biochar
Association,
Ministry of
Forest JPN
Kameoka
COOLVEGE
Farmers Union
COOL VEGE Specification
CO2
reduction
100kg-C/10a・year
Safety
Ｅco farmer Spec.
Records
Kyoto Carbon storage Committee
構成メンバー
Univ. Ritsumeikan・Ryukoku・Kyoto Gakuen
Local Government: Kameoka city, Compost center
Academic:
Japan Biochar Association,
Forestry & Forest products research Institute of Japan
Aug.24,2012
Kyoto CO2 bank
Appointment of
Kyoto original credit
Cutting by machine: Non maintenance bamboo forest
Local activity
竹炭の販売
by village people
Charcoal making from
bamboo forest
Kyoto Carbon storage
committee
Consumer
We support farmland
carbon sequestration.
Char-compost
approval
Company
Carbon Credit
Super Market,
Restaurant
Local compost center
Kameoka Cool Vege union
Farmland
carbon storage
Cool Vege sales
Sink biochar into farmland.
At this farmland, carbon
captured vegetable is
“COOL VEGE” .
COOL VEGETABLE
Actual experiment of
Carbon minus project
in agricultural field
in Kameoka city
in Kyoto Pref.
Kameoka Compost
Center
Experiment for
composting
facilitation test using
Char on Oct.09,2008
Kameoka Compost
Center
Char-Compost
Production
Oct.22・23,2008
Nov.4,2008
Spreading char compost to Experimental field（wheat）
Nov.4,2008
Spreading char compost to Experimental field（wheat）
Dec.18,2008 Experimental field（wheat）
Dec.18,2008 Experimental field（wheat）
Dec.18,2008 Experimental field（wheat）
Feb.18,2008 Experimental field（wheat） Stepping by children
as environmental education
How to Carbonize
simply!
Low Cost
High Efficiency!
“Cheep” is
the most important.
(Non-Smoke Carbonization Apparatus)
Carbon Minus Project
Carbonizing Pan
Char making Pan
Carbon Minus Project
Carbonizing
Process 1
Set up
No space
between pan and ground
なるべく平らで乾いた地面に炭化器を設置する。
Carbon Minus Project
Process 2
low material
炭材を用意したかごに集める。
Carbon Minus Project
Process 3
Ignition
よく乾いた枝や竹のささくれに着火する。
Carbon Minus Project
Process 4
Stable fire
晴れた日であれば、着火後5分程度でおき火の状態になるので、そ
の後炭材の投入を開始する。
Burn and carbonize
Carbon Minus Project
Process 5
Charging feedstock
Whirlpool of high temperature air(vertical convection)
It is better to use dry feedstock. Charge continuously,
setting as cross over to get air inflow.
Carbon Minus Project
Process 6 Final stage
Un-carbonized
炭化物が上面いっぱいになったら炭材の投入を止め、未炭化物を
鉄の棒等で攪拌しながら炭化させていく。
Carbon Minus Project
Process 7 Extinction(pour water)
煙が収まるまで、たっぷりと水をかけ消火する。
Carbon Minus Project
Process 8 Collect biochar
しっかりと消火したら、炭化物をシャベルでかごへ取り出し、計
量する。
Carbon Minus Project
Process 10 Wash potassium with rainfall after carbonization
農業用に用いるためにカリ分等を洗い流す必要がある場合、外に
積み雨ざらしにするなど、使用用途ごとの対応が必要となる。
Carbon Minus Project
Important！
・ Choose dry feedstock for carbonization
・Charging method should be considered to
take air in easier
水分の多い青竹
水分が抜ける時間が余分にかかる！
よく乾燥した竹
ほとんど煙が出ない。
実験結果
10回の炭化実験から、炭材投入量約3.4ｔに対し、収炭量は含水状態で約1.3ｔ（含水率67％）、絶乾状態で約420kg
が得られた。この結果からコスト分析を行うと、含水状態で79円／kgであった。炭素率は80％程度であった。
コスト目標としては、30円/含水炭程度以下を考えている。
Experiment of carbon
sequestration
• Total carbon in soil
• Green House Gas(N2O,CH4,CO2)
using chamber.
• Soil temperature, water contents,
C/N
• Volume of vegetable（upper, root）
• Inorganic nitrogen
Carbon Minus Project
炭素隔離実験(GHG measuring)
 圃場設計の様子
炭堆肥の散布(09/09/01)
実験圃場の様子（09/09/10）
小型トラクターでの耕うん(09/09/01)
Carbon Minus Project
炭素隔離実験
 サンプリングの様子(Sampling)
今回の実験期間（112日間）で、隔離された炭素量は、堆肥区では施用時の約88％が、堆肥・炭区では、約
70％前後が残存し、それぞれ少なくとも、0.27tC/10aと2.17tC/10aの炭素が隔離された。
Carbon Minus Project
作物生育実験

圃場設計
Experiment for the effect of growing vegetable
炭堆肥の入ったフレコン(09/09/01)
炭堆肥の散布後 (09/09/01)
炭堆肥の散布(09/09/01)
Carbon Minus Project
Wheat：Nourin61）
堆肥（2.25t/10a)のみ
堆肥＋炭（1t/10a)
堆肥＋炭（2t/10a)
堆肥＋炭（4t/10a)
In case of charcoal spot according to large char contents, wheat was suppressed to fall down. And, it was
found to increase Vesicular-Arbuscular Mycorrhiza.
Carbon Minus Project
Experiment for the effect of growing vegetable
Wheat：nourin No.61
ムギの坪狩りの様子
Carbon Minus Project
Paddy Rice：HINOHIKARI
堆肥（2.25t/10a)のみ
堆肥＋炭（0.5t/10a)
堆肥＋炭（1.0t/10a)
堆肥＋炭（2.0t/10a)
No typical difference
Carbon Minus Project
作物生育実験（ネギWelsh onion：栄洛黒ネギ）
堆肥（2.25t/10a)のみ
堆肥＋炭（0.5t/10a)
堆肥＋炭（1.0t/10a)
堆肥＋炭（2.0t/10a)
炭の施用量と収量の間に明確な相関関係はみられなかった。No typical difference
Carbon Minus Project
Cabbage：(koikaze)
Compost（2.25t/10a) only
CM-1
compost（2.25t/10a) +char（2.14t/10a)
CM-5
Compost (2.25t/10a) +char（1.07t/10a)
CM-4
compost（2.25t/10a) ＋char（4.29t/10a)
CM-6
Field of Cabbage
Produced cabbages
Seed bed of cabbage
Spreading of
char-compost
Carbon Minus Project
Carbon Minus Project
農産物エコブランド化実験(ECO-Brand sale experiment)
 情報宣伝素材の開発(Materials for sales)
Carbon Minus Project
農産物エコブランド化実験 (ECO-Brand sale experiment)
 製品開発(Processed product)
キャベツのコールスローサラダ（左）、
ローストチキンと温野菜サラダ（右）
つぶつぶコーンサラダカップ（左）、
オクラと蒸鶏のサラダカップ（右）
シーザーサラダ（上）、
えびとパスタのカラフルサラダ（下）
販売店舗視察中
The system of
“Kyoto Kameoka”
“ COOL VEGE” seal
As Local Eco-socio Brand
京都
Kyoto
亀岡
Kameoka
Cool earth from dinner table
COOL VEGE TM
Ｂａｓｅ Ｂｒａｎｄ design
Quantitative assay of carbon contents of Biochar
Carbon credit ＆ certification system of
CCS(Carbon Capture & Storage) vegetable
Local committee
（Approval of carbon credit
& “COOL VEGE”）
Random check
Farmers
Application
Carbon credit
Subsidy
Biochar
compost
center
File biochar data
according JBA spec.
Carbon
credit
C
Biochar
compost
farmland
Biochar+Compost
Unused bamboo
while forest maintenance
Consumer
sale
Company support as CSR
Wholesale
& retail
COOL VEGE
Decreased chemical+
char=Carbon minus ⇒
ECO brand
“COOLVEGE ”
R
R
Farmer
Local committee
（Approval of carbon credit & “COOL VEGE”）
Ｆａｎｃｔｉｏｎｓ
 Issue certificate of carbon sequestration
 Validate CSR to supporting company
 Assure the new eco value for consumers ‘ satisfaction
Put “COOL VEGE” seal
on CCS vegetable
5
approved by local committee
Seal of “COOL VEGE”
R
Sink biochar into farmland.
At this farmland, carbon
captured vegetable is
“COOL VEGE” .
R
Supporting farmland carbon sequestration
1) Customer(company) pays ¥20-/label x 10,000=JP¥200,000- to JBA.
2)JBA pays
¥10/label to farmers who authorized to use “COOL VEGE “
案①
by JBA. Balance ¥10 will be consumed to validation.
Company’s merit: CSR with propaganda method(tool)
Consumer’s merit: New method to be involved to ECO activity
6
through consumption
R
Sales
Supported
by company
Ｒ
食卓から地球を冷やそう！
Sponsored by “Kyoto Bank”
２０１２．０２
亀岡市保津水端プラン
市民農園
店舗外観
Sales of “COOL VEGE”
Total Sales amount in 2013 :
JP¥9,724,788
2,000,000 円
1,800,000 円
1,600,000 円
1,400,000 円
1,200,000 円
1,000,000 円
800,000 円
600,000 円
400,000 円
200,000 円
0円
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
2013
31
Year
Biochar
Compost（㎥）
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
6
54
53
41
264
biochar(kg)
750ｋｇ
6,750ｋｇ
6,625ｋｇ
5,125ｋｇ
33,000ｋｇ
Fixed carbon
volume(water content
CO2 reduction
50％、carbon content80
％)
300ｋｇ
2,700ｋｇ
2,650ｋｇ
2,050ｋｇ
13,200ｋｇ
1,100ｋｇ-co2
9,900ｋｇ-co2
9,717ｋｇ-co2
7,517ｋｇ-co2
48,400ｋｇ-co2
※Biochar compost content 1:3
※Char price:＠JPY6,800/m3
店頭販売
Food education・Eco education
Feb.18,2008 Experimental field（wheat） Stepping by children
as environmental education
Participation of
elementary school pupil as
environmental education.
Essential Factors(Local Socio-Eco brand)
①Stable Supply
＊Establishment of agricultural production system
according to local supply chain.
②Stable sales
＊Secure stable consumer market
Visualize the safety and ease.
（Specification of agricultural product & quality control）
Marketing!(food education・word-of-mouth・shelf control）
③100kg carbon/10a/year
＊Certificate of carbon sequestration
* COOL VEGE seal
Gold Prize given by Minister of Environment Japan
Feb.17th 2013
Thank you
for your listening