"Nil sine numine"

"Nil sine numine"
Colorado
(Nothing without providence)
The United States of America
James F. Kaserman
Sarah J. Kaserman
Denver
I Save A Tree
Electronic Books
C 2003 I Save A Tree Inc.
ISBN# 0-9714299-1-X
Table of Contents
Location
__________________________________
5
State
bird
__________________________________
25
History before statehood
__________________________________
7
State
tree
__________________________________
27
History since statehood
__________________________________
9
State
flower
__________________________________
29
State government
__________________________________
11
Famous
people from Colorado
__________________________________
31
State flag
__________________________________
13
Things
to do in Colorado
__________________________________
33
Current facts
__________________________________
15
Popular
sports in Colorado
__________________________________
35
Industry today
__________________________________
17
Fast
facts
__________________________________
37
State landmarks
__________________________________
19
Glossary
__________________________________
39
Weather and land
__________________________________
21
Web
sites / books for information
__________________________________
41
Animals in Colorado
__________________________________
23
Index
__________________________________
43
Credits
__________________________________
45
Location
Colorado is located in the Rocky
Mountain region of the U.S. To the
south, it borders New Mexico and a small
portion of the Oklahoma panhandle.
Kansas lies to the east, while Nebraska
lies to the east and north. Wyoming
borders Colorado to the north and Utah
is on the west.
The capital of Colorado is Denver. It is
located in the north central part of the
state.
_______________________
Denver
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6
History
_______________________
Gold nuggets
Before Statehood
Pueblo Indians built houses in
cliffs and roamed Colorado's plains and
mountains long before white settlers
arrived. In 1803, the U.S. purchased
eastern Colorado from France. After the
Mexican War in
1848, the U.S.
took the western
half of Colorado
from Mexico.
The discovery
of gold in 1858
brought a rush
of prospectors.
Problems arose because miners
violated early land treaties with the
Indians. In 1870, the railroad linked
Colorado to the East.
Cliff dwelling
_______________________
8
History
_______________________
Denver skyline
Since Statehood
Colorado became the 38th state
on August 1, 1876. The discovery of
silver brought more prospectors.
Mining was
important to
the state but
was replaced
by agriculture
by 1910.
The ranchers
and farmers
needed water.
In the 1950s,
dams were built to bring them more
water. World War II created a demand
for oil and other minerals mined in the
state. After the war, manufacturing
became the most important industry.
Mining
_______________________
10
Government
_______________________
State capitol building
The state government of Colorado
is divided into three branches.
Governor Bill Owens is head of the
executive branch. This branch is in
charge of carrying
out the laws. The
legislative branch
is the General
Assembly. It makes
the laws.
The General
Assembly has
two parts, the
Senate and
the House of Representatives. The third
branch is the judicial branch. This
branch interprets the laws.
Colorado has 63 counties. Each has
its own government.
Governor Bill Owens
_______________________
12
State Flag
_______________________
The state
flag was
adopted in
1911. The flag
consists of three horizontal stripes. Each
stripe covers one-third o f the flag. The
two outside stripes are the same shade
of blue as the U.S. flag.
_______________________
The center stripe is white. It has a
large red "C" in the left center. This
red color is the
same as the red
on the U.S. flag.
A golden disk
fills the center
of the "C".
14
Current Facts
_______________________
Denver skyscrapers
Colorado River
Colorado
has 4,301,261
people. It is the
24th largest in
the U.S. Colorado covers 103,729 square
miles. In size, it ranks 8th in the nation.
The state capitol building in Denver is
unique. It is made of "Beulah red" marble.
_______________________
The United States
owns more than
one-third of the
land in the state.
The cheeseburger was invented in
Denver and a trademark issued in
1935.
16
Industry
Today
Processing food and the
manufacturing of transportation
equipment, chemical products and
scientific
instruments are
important
industrial
activities in
Colorado.
_______________________
Mining gold and silver and drilling
oil and gas continue to play a key role
in state commerce. Tourism is also big
business. Colorado's agricultural
industry
includes corn,
hay, wheat,
cattle and dairy
products.
Manufacturing
Mining
_______________________
18
Landmarks
_______________________
Pikes Peak
Colorado
has the world's
largest flat-top
mountain in
Grand Mesa.
Pike's Peak is the state's most famous
mountain. Fifty-two mountains in
Colorado claim peaks higher than 14,000 .
feet. Great Sand Dunes National Monument has the tallest sand dune in the U.S.
The world's largest hot-springs pool is
in Glenwood Springs. A formation of
huge rocks caused by erosion can
be found near
Colorado
Springs. It is
called the
Garden of the
Gods.
Great Sand Dunes
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20
Weather & Land
_______________________
Mountain valley
Colorado
has mountains,
lowlands and
plains. The
Colorado Rockies have been called the
"Top of the Nation" because it has
more than 1,000 mountains over 10,000
feet high. Colorado's average annual
rainfall is about 15 inches.
The western side of the mountains
gets the most rain and snow. There
can be a 20° Fahrenheit difference in
temperature
between the
mountains
and plains.
Irrigation is
needed to
grow plants.
Waterfall
_______________________
22
Animals
_______________________
In Colorado
The bighorn sheep was named the
state animal in 1961. It roams the high
mountains. The bighorn sheep is named
for its huge horns, which may grow to be
fifty inches long on
the males. Male
bighorn sheep are
called rams. Deer,
elk, antelope and
Wolf
Smaller animals
include bobcats,
beavers, foxes,
rabbits, wolves
and skunks.
On the plains , you can find prairie
dogs living in tunnels. Mountain
streams and lakes are home to a wide
variety of fish.
Bighorn sheep
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24
State Bird
_______________________
Lark bunting
The lark bunting
(Calamospiza
melanocorys) was
named the state
bird on April 29,
1931. The lark
bunting is a migrating bird. It flies to
the Colorado plains and highlands in
April and goes south in September.
The male is black with snowy white
wing patches and edging. During the
winter, the male
changes to the
same gray-brown
color the female
are all year round.
Feeding chick
_______________________
26
State Tree
_______________________
Blue spruce
Blue spruce
The Colorado
blue spruce (Picea
pungens) was
named the state
tree March 7, 1939.
The Colorado blue
spruce is known for its stately,
symmetrical form and beautiful silverblue color.
_______________________
The tree color
ranges from
green to blue to
silver in various
parts of the state.
The tree was first discovered on Pike's
Peak in 1862. It grows in small groves
among other pines like the Douglas
fir and alpine fir.
28
State Flower
_______________________
Columbine
The Rocky
Mountain
columbine
(Aquilegia
caerules `Glauca')
was named the
state flower April 4, 1899. The plant
grows from one to three feet in height.
Its delicate, erect pastel blue and white
flowers are about two inches across
and very fragrant.
_______________________
The long petals on the flower curve
outward and end in tiny knobs. It is
illegal to pick this rare species without
permission of
the landowner.
It is also illegal
to dig or uproot
the flower on
public land.
Columbine
30
Famous People
_______________________
Tim Allen
Zebulon Pike was an army officer
who explored Colorado and described
the mountain that was named
"Pike's Peak." Actors Tim Allen, Zachery
Bryan, Lon
Chaney and
Douglas Fairbanks
are from
Colorado.
Ralph Edwards
and Ted Mack
are famous
entertainers.
Famous musicians from Colorado
include Paul Whiteman, Erick Hawkins
and Eugene Fodor.
Pike's Peak
_______________________
32
Things to Do
_______________________
In Colorado
Ice fishing
Colorado
provides a
beautiful landscape for people
to snow ski,
hike, camp and fish. It has many
museums and national and state parks
to visit that give visitors an understanding of the history of the state.
_______________________
Narrow-gauge railroads take
thousands of tourists on scenic rides
through the mountains. Bird watching
is very popular.
Denver hosts
the world's
largest rodeo
each year.
Camp site
34
Sports
_______________________
Snowboarding
In Colorado
Colorado has many sports teams.
The state hosts four nationally famous
college sports teams. Colorado has
three minor league
teams, as well as
five professional
sports teams.
They are the
Denver Broncos
of the NFL, Denver
Nuggets in the
NBA, Colorado
Avalanche in the
NHL, the Colorado Rapids in soccer
and the Colorado Rockies of MLB.
Hockey
_______________________
36
Rocky Mountains
Fast Facts
Governor: Bill Owens
Capital: Denver
Size: 103,729 square miles, 8th in the U.S.
Population: 4,301,261 people, 24th in
the U.S.
Major cities: Denver, Colorado Springs,
Aurora, Lakewood, Fort Collins, Boulder
Nickname: "Centennial State" and
"Colorful Colorado"
State animal: Rocky Mountain bighorn
sheep
State bird: lark bunting
State flower: Rocky Mountain columbine
State tree: Colorado blue spruce
State song: "Where the Columbines
Grow"
State motto: "Nil sine numine" (Nothing
without providence)
_______________________
Bobcat
38
Glossary
commerce, the trading of goods.
illegal, against the law.
minor, lesser or smaller in rank, size or
importance.
plains, an extensive, usually treeless,
area of land that is level.
prospector, a person who searches or
explores for something like gold.
_______________________
species, a category or classification of
biological or living things.
scientific, relating to or employing
methodology of science.
symmetrical, constant shape or
exhibiting symmetry.
trademark, a name, symbol or other
device officially identifying a product.
treaties, a formal agreement or
contract between two or more political
entities.
_______________________
40
Links & Books
For more information
____
Link1
____
Link2
____
Link3
____
Link4
Title: The World Book Encyclopedia
Publisher: World Book, Inc.
Copyright: 2002
Title: The Kid's World Almanac of the
United States
Author: Dr.Thomas G. Aylesworth
Publisher: World Almanac
Copyright: 1990
Title: Exploring the 50 States
Author: Marcie Anderson
Publisher: Willowisp Press, Inc.
Copyright: 1983
Visit our website @ www.isaveatree.com
42
Index
agriculture, 9
bunting, lark, 25
Colorado Rockies, 21, 36
columbine, 29
dam, 10
gold, 8, 18
_______________________
_______________________
Pueblo Indians, 7
sheep, bighorn, 23
silver, 9, 18
Pike's Peak, 19, 28, 31
spruce, blue, 27
Owens, Bill, 11
44
Credits
Written by
James F. Kaserman
Sarah J. Kaserman
Edited by
Linda Coyner
Produced by
Robert Rance
Technologies
Doug Meyers
Design
Dan Mader
Photo credits
Colorado Department of Natural
Resources
www.arttoday.com
_______________________
I Save A Tree Inc. reserves the right to remove or exchange any
photo/illustration at any time without notice.
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