Scientists: Enzyme May Have Fountain of Youth Effect

Transcription

FOXNews.com - Scientists: Enzyme May Have Fountain of You...
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Scientists: Enzyme May Have Fountain of Youth Effect
Friday , November 21, 2008
Scientists at the Spanish National Cancer Center in
Madrid, Spain, think that by boosting a certain enzyme
naturally created in the body, a person could live a
longer life, London’s Daily Telegraph reported.
ADVERTISEMENT
Scientists say the finding may one day pave the way
to create a product that would have a fountain of youth
effect.
As the body ages, cells divide, leading the protective
caps on the ends of chromosomes to become shorter
and ragged. Eventually, the cell dies.
But increasing the amount of the enzyme telomerase
appears to rejuvenate the protective caps, thus
keeping them from unraveling.
Maria Blasco, who led the team of researchers, told
New Scientist the enzymes were capable of “turning a
normal, mortal cell into an immortal cell.”
The team genetically engineered mice to produce 10 times the amount of telomerase that a body normally has.
They found the mice lived 50 percent longer than usual.
The mice also had an increased tolerance for glucose and less subcutaneous fat.
The downside to increasing the amounts of telomerase in the body is that it can increase the risk of developing
cancer.
Blasco said she believes cancer drugs would negate this side effect, however.
Click here to read more from the Daily Telegraph.
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International news and exclusives
This
Thisweek–
week–
A small step closer
to eternal youth
linda geddes
COULD artificially raising levels
of a key enzyme hold back the
effects of ageing? It has long
been a hope but now two lab
experiments – one with human
cells and one in animals – are
providing the first evidence that
this may actually be possible.
The enzyme in question is
telomerase, which is present
naturally in some mammalian
cells. Its function is to maintain
the protective caps called
telomeres at the ends of our
chromosomes, which unravel
with each cell division as we get
older. It has been suggested that
this shortening triggers some of
the negative effects of ageing at
a cellular level. As a result,
telomerase has been hailed by
some as a potential elixir of life.
One of the latest studies
confirms that at least one type of
human cell can indeed be restored
to a youthful state by boosting
telomerase levels. The other
suggests that boosting telomerase
can result in longer life in animals.
While an elixir of life in people
remains a very long way off, the
prospect of boosting telomerase to
fight disease, including age-related
diseases, may be much closer.
With the aim of fighting HIV,
immunologist Rita Effros at the
University of California, Los
Angeles, previously inserted part of
the telomerase gene into immune
cells called killer T-cells. While
this did indeed boost their ability
to fight viral infections, such
gene therapy is considered too
dangerous to be used in practice.
So in her latest experiments,
Effros has turned to a drug called
TAT2, developed by Geron of
| NewScientist | 22 November 2008
Menlo Park, California, that
boosts telomerase production
without altering anyone’s DNA.
When killer T-cells from people
with HIV were exposed to TAT2, it
enhanced the cells’ ability to fight
the virus, suggesting that TAT2
might be used to supplement
existing anti-retroviral drugs
by boosting the immune systems
of people with HIV (The Journal
of Immunology, vol 181, p 7400).
This idea is supported by a
previous study which indicated
that some people with HIV who
go for years without developing
AIDS have killer T-cells with high
telomerase activity and longer
telomeres. Since T-cells fight many
viruses, TAT2 might eventually
be deployed to boost resistance
to a whole range of diseases.
TAT2 also increased the cells’
ability to divide and stopped their
telomeres from shortening,
which raises the possibility that
it might be used to wind back
the clock of other ageing cells and
provide more general treatments
for ageing.
Aubrey de Grey of the Virginiabased Methuselah Foundation,
“We’re getting the best of both
worlds – allowing cell division
to happen when we need it but
not to happen when we don’t”
which promotes research into
extending lifespan, certainly
sees the study as a big step in
that direction. “It is what we
would have hoped,” he says.
He is particularly interested in
the fact that the cells seemed to
be “fully functional” in their new
role as youthful immune cells,
raising hopes that telomerase
murray close/lucasfilm/bfi
At last there are signs that we may be able to keep our
cells young without producing intolerable side effects
might wind back the cellular clock
more generally.
Some safety concerns remain,
however, not least because cancer
cells produce telomerase at higher
than normal rates. “With
anything that boosts telomerase,
you may have unwanted cell
growth like in cancers,” says
Arne Akbar, an immunologist
at University College London.
However, when TAT2 was
added to tumour cells it did not
affect the amount of telomerase
they produced. Nor did it change
the growth characteristics of
immune cells that were cultured
with a virus that can trigger
cancer. “We are fairly confident
at this point that TAT2 won’t
enhance cancer development,”
says Effros, although further trials
are needed to confirm this.
Telomerase is extracted from
the Astragalus plant, which is
used in Chinese medicine without
any obvious adverse effects. While
this may help pave the way to
pilot studies in humans in the
near future, Effros warns against
taking large doses of Astragalus
to try and mimic the TAT2 effect.
“Uncontrolled use of any herbal
drug is not wise and I would not
advocate it,” she says.
Even if telomerase proves
successful at holding back some
of the effects of ageing at a cellular
level, it is still a big jump from
there to something that stops
a person as a whole from ageing.
Yet this prospect too has been
brought a step closer with an
announcement last week from
Maria Blasco at the Spanish
National Cancer Centre in Madrid
and her colleagues.
Telomerase has previously
been shown capable of turning
“a normal, mortal cell into an
immortal cell”, as Blasco puts it.
But whether this translates into
www.newscientist.com
In this section
● Chatty macaques provide language clue, page 11
● Legacy of the Mars Phoenix lander, page 12
● How living things caused a mineral explosion, page 14
Bush’s last chance to
leave a green legacy
delaying ageing in live mammals
has previously been difficult to
test, as high levels of telomerase
tend to promote cancer, which
shortens their lives.
So Blasco’s team bred mice
engineered to be resistant to
cancer with mice engineered
to produce 10 times the normal
levels of telomerase in epithelial
tissue, which lines the cavities
and surfaces of the body. These
animals lived up to 50 per cent
longer than normal mice (Cell,
DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2008.09.034).
“You can delay the ageing of
mice and increase their lifespan,”
says Blasco.
Blasco’s mice also had less
subcutaneous fat, healthier
epithelial tissue and improved
neuromuscular coordination
and glucose tolerance, which
are all signs of youth. Boosting
telomerase also seemed to
have beneficial effects on the
www.newscientist.com
ONE of the George W. Bush’s final
acts as US president could be to
create the largest marine conservation
area in the world. White House
officials say that Bush is considering
a proposal to turn up to 2.3 million
square kilometres of tropical waters,
coral reefs and remote island
atolls in the Pacific Ocean into
US National Monuments (see map).
“As bad as his environmental
record has been, he could, as one
individual, protect more of the
Earth’s surface than anyone else in
history,” says Lance Morgan of the US
Marine Conservation Biology Institute.
Under the American Antiquities
Act of 1906, a president does not
need congressional approval to
preserve public land or water
for conservation as a National
Monument. In 2006, Bush used the
act to designate a 365,000 square
kilometre Marine National Monument
incorporating the northernmost
islands of Hawaii, creating the
–Only Indy can keep death at bay – so far– world’s largest protected marine
area. In late August this year, he
animals’ brains and muscles,
announced his interest in conserving
even though the enzyme was
additional areas of the Pacific Ocean.
not expressed in these tissues.
The US claims jurisdiction over a
Effros warns against
number of small islands and atolls
concluding that this means we can across the Pacific, including American
prevent ageing in humans. “I think Samoa, Wake Island and the
it is very hard to extrapolate data
Northern Mariana Islands. For every
from mouse ageing to human
sand spit and coral reef jutting above
the water line, the US retains
exclusive rights to the surrounding
waters for 370 kilometres in all
directions. It is in these areas that
Morgan has been working with the
White House on a deal to secure
permanent “no-take zones” for
fishing and mineral extraction. This
also includes the Mariana trench,
the planet’s deepest ocean canyon.
Island leaders have protested
the plan, citing the economic loss
it represents if marine resources
are declared off limits. So far this
has not deterred White House officials.
“It’s not a foregone conclusion that
we’ll have monuments, but it’s a
distinct possibility,” says James
Connaughton, who chairs the White
House Council on Environmental
Quality. According to Connaughton,
Bush may conserve smaller areas
immediately surrounding reefs and
other biologically rich areas, leaving
the remaining seafloor available for
possible future mining.
Morgan is urging White House
officials to conserve the full
370-kilometre zone surrounding
the islands to give fragile coral
ecosystems the best chance of
survival. “When we’ve set aside areas
in the past, we’ve often realised later
they were too small to eliminate
interference from outside human
activities,” he says. Phil McKenna l
ageing,” she says. In particular,
she points out that
all mice have longer telomeres
than humans, and the lab mice
are bred in sterile conditions.
Blasco, however, is optimistic
that a similar approach may
eventually extend human
lifespans. She suggests that the
treatment could be combined
with cancer drugs to offset any
enhanced cancer risk.
“We’re learning to control
cell division in a manner that
gets the best of both worlds,” says
de Grey, “allowing it to happen
when we need it, and not to
happen when we don’t.” l
22 November 2008 | NewScientist | Enzyme takes us a step closer to eternal youth - 19 November 2...
http://www.newscientist.com/article/mg20026833.700-enzyme-...
Home | News | Back to article
Enzyme takes us a step closer to eternal youth
19 November 2008 by Linda Geddes
Magazine issue 2683. Subscribe and get 4 free issues.
For similar stories, visit the Death Topic Guide
ADVERTISEMENT
COULD artificially raising levels of a key enzyme hold back the effects of ageing? It has long been a
hope but now two lab experiments - one with human cells and one in animals - are providing the first
evidence that this may actually be possible.
The enzyme in question is telomerase, which is present naturally in some mammalian cells. Its
function is to maintain the protective caps called telomeres at the ends of our chromosomes, which
unravel with each cell division as we get older. It has been suggested that this shortening triggers
some of the negative effects of ageing at a cellular level. As a result, telomerase has been hailed by
some as a potential elixir of life.
One of the latest studies confirms that at least one type of human cell can indeed be restored to a
youthful state by boosting telomerase levels. The other suggests that boosting telomerase can result
in longer life in animals. While an elixir of life in people remains a very long way off, the prospect of
boosting telomerase to fight disease, including age-related diseases, may be much closer.
With the aim of fighting HIV, immunologist Rita Effros at the University of California, Los Angeles,
previously inserted part of the telomerase gene into immune cells called killer T-cells. While this did
indeed boost their ability to fight viral infections, such gene therapy is considered too dangerous to be
used in practice.
So in her latest experiments, Effros has turned to a drug called TAT2, developed by Geron of Menlo
Park, California, that boosts telomerase production without altering anyone's DNA. When killer T-cells
from people with HIV were exposed to TAT2, it enhanced the cells' ability to fight the virus, suggesting
that TAT2 might be used to supplement existing anti-retroviral drugs by boosting the immune systems
of people with HIV (The Journal of Immunology, vol 181, p 7400).
This idea is supported by a previous study which indicated that some people with HIV who go for
years without developing AIDS have killer T-cells with high telomerase activity and longer telomeres.
Since T-cells fight many viruses, TAT2 might eventually be deployed to boost resistance to a whole
range of diseases.
TAT2 also increased the cells' ability to divide and stopped their telomeres from shortening, which
raises the possibility that it might be used to wind back the clock of other ageing cells and provide
more general treatments for ageing.
Aubrey de Grey of the Virginia-based Methuselah Foundation, which promotes research into
extending lifespan, certainly sees the study as a big step in that direction. "It is what we would have
hoped," he says. He is particularly interested in the fact that the cells seemed to be "fully functional" in
their new role as youthful immune cells, raising hopes that telomerase might wind back the cellular
clock more generally.
Some safety concerns remain, however, not least because cancer cells produce telomerase at higher
than normal rates. "With anything that boosts telomerase, you may have unwanted cell growth like in
cancers," says Arne Akbar, an immunologist at University College London.
However, when TAT2 was added to tumour cells it did not affect the amount of telomerase they
produced. Nor did it change the growth characteristics of immune cells that were cultured with a virus
that can trigger cancer. "We are fairly confident at this point that TAT2 won't enhance cancer
1 of 3
21/11/08 09:55
Enzyme takes us a step closer to eternal youth - 19 November 2...
http://www.newscientist.com/article/mg20026833.700-enzyme-...
development," says Effros, although further trials are needed to confirm this.
Telomerase is extracted from the Astragalus plant, which is used in Chinese medicine without any
obvious adverse effects. While this may help pave the way to pilot studies in humans in the near
future, Effros warns against taking large doses of Astragalus to try and mimic the TAT2 effect.
"Uncontrolled use of any herbal drug is not wise and I would not advocate it," she says.
Even if telomerase proves successful at holding back some of the effects of ageing at a cellular level,
it is still a big jump from there to something that stops a person as a whole from ageing. Yet this
prospect too has been brought a step closer with an announcement last week from Maria Blasco at
the Spanish National Cancer Centre in Madrid and her colleagues.
Telomerase has previously been shown capable of turning "a normal, mortal cell into an immortal cell",
as Blasco puts it. But whether this translates into delaying ageing in live mammals has previously
been difficult to test, as high levels of telomerase tend to promote cancer, which shortens their lives.
So Blasco's team bred mice engineered to be resistant to cancer with mice engineered to produce 10
times the normal levels of telomerase in epithelial tissue, which lines the cavities and surfaces of the
body. These animals lived up to 50 per cent longer than normal mice (Cell, DOI:
10.1016/j.cell.2008.09.034). "You can delay the ageing of mice and increase their lifespan," says
Blasco.
Blasco's mice also had less subcutaneous fat, healthier epithelial tissue and improved neuromuscular
coordination and glucose tolerance, which are all signs of youth. Boosting telomerase also seemed to
have beneficial effects on the animals' brains and muscles, even though the enzyme was not
expressed in these tissues.
Effros warns against concluding that this means we can prevent ageing in humans. "I think it is very
hard to extrapolate data from mouse ageing to human ageing," she says. In particular, she points out
that all mice have longer telomeres than humans, and the lab mice are bred in sterile conditions.
Blasco, however, is optimistic that a similar approach may eventually extend human lifespans. She
suggests that the treatment could be combined with cancer drugs to offset any enhanced cancer risk.
"We're learning to control cell division in a manner that gets the best of both worlds," says de Grey,
"allowing it to happen when we need it, and not to happen when we don't."
We're getting the best of both worlds - allowing cell division to happen when we
need it but not to happen when we don't
From issue 2683 of New Scientist magazine, page 8-9. Subscribe and get 4 free issues.
Browse past issues of New Scientist magazine
If you would like to reuse any content from New Scientist, either in print or online, please contact the syndication
department first for permission. New Scientist does not own rights to photos, but there are a variety of licensing options
available for use of articles and graphics we own the copyright to.
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2 of 3
21/11/08 09:55
Scientists take a step closer to an elixir of youth - Telegraph
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/health/healthnews/3489881/Scientist...
W
Scientists take a step closer to an elixir of youth
A naturally occuring substance that can create "immortal cells" could be the key to finding a
real elixir of youth, scientists claim.
By Richard Alleyne, Science Correspondent
Last Updated: 4:44PM GMT 20 Nov 2008
Researchers believe boosting the amount of a naturally forming enzyme in the body could prevent cells dying and
so lead to extended, healthier, lifespans..
The protein telomerase helps maintain the protective caps at the ends of chromosomes which act like the ends of
shoelaces and stop them unravelling.
As we age, and our cells divide, these caps become frayed and shorter and eventually are so damaged that the
cell dies. Scientists believe boosting our natural levels of telomerase could rejuvenate them.
A team at the Spanish National Cancer Centre in Madrid tested the theory on mice and found that those
genetically engineered to produce 10 times the normal levels of telomerase lived 50 per cent longer than normal.
Maria Blasco, who led the research, told the New Scientist said that the enzyme was capable of turning "a normal,
mortal cell into an immortal cell".
She added that she was optimistic that a similar approach may eventually lead to extended human lifespans though she urged caution.
"You can delay the ageing of mice and increase their lifespan," she said.
"(But)I think it is very hard to extrapolate data from mouse ageing to human ageing."
One of the problems with boosting telomerase is that it can increase the risk of cancer.
Dr Blasco said this could be overcome by also issuing cancer drugs that could offset the negative affects.
She said that the mice with the boosted enzyme also saw other health benefits - often associated with youth such
as less subcutaneous fat and better glucose tolerance.
Related Content
More on Health News (http://www.telegraph.co.uk/health/healthnews/)
Back to top
1 of 2
21/11/08 09:49
'Supermice' who can resist cancer and age almost half as fast as normal - Telegraph
Página 1 de 2
W
'Supermice' who can resist cancer and age almost half
as fast as normal
Scientists have created "supermice" capable of resisting cancer and which age almost half as
fast as other mice.
By Kate Devlin, Medical Correspondent
Last Updated: 10:14PM GMT 13 Nov 2008
If their powers were mirrored in humans it would create an average lifespan of 120 years, the researchers claim.
Scientists first modified the genes of the mice to make them resistant to cancer.
In addition, they genetically increased the amount of a particular protein in the body, which can delay how quickly
cells age.
The resulting mice age 40 per cent slower than those whose genes have not been modified, studies show.
Scientists have known since the 1990s of the age-defying powers of the protein, called telomerase.
The protein helps cells to regenerate, allowing them to stay younger for longer.
However, previous attempts to increase the amount of the protein in mice ended in failure when scientists found
that it made them more susceptible to developing cancer.
In the latest study, published in the journal Cell, the scientists solved that problem by changing the genes of the
mice first to make them resistant to the disease.
The researchers found that mice which had been created in this way had better muscle in old age, healthier skin
tissue and fewer digestion problems.
"By simultaneously increasing the amounts of telomerase and the resistance to cancer we are able to delay
ageing in mice and also to extend their life span by 40 per cent," said Maria A. Blasco, from the Spanish National
Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), who carried out the study with colleagues from Valencia University.
"These mice get to live for as long as the eldest mice in records of the same kind.
"If we were to parallel it to humans, then it would mean reaching 120 years of age and also to start ageing much
later in life."
She believes that the findings will be of interest to the beauty industry, which is already looking at the potential of
using telemorase to fight the effects of aging.
Last year scientists at the University of Kentucky announced that they had been able to create a mouse resistant
to cancer, even highly-aggressive types, using a tumour-suppressor gene called "Par-4" in the prostate.
At the time they claimed that the breakthrough could be used to create bone marrow transplantation which could
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/scienceandtechnology/science/sciencenews/3454467/Supermi... 14/11/2008
'Supermice' who can resist cancer and age almost half as fast as normal - Telegraph
Página 2 de 2
be used to fight cancer cells in patients with the disease.
The first artificially created cancer-resistant mice were produced in the early years of this decade and showed that
such resistance could also be inherited.
The mice all stem from a single cancer-resistant mouse discovered in 1999.
Related Content
More on Science News
Back to top
© Copyright of Telegraph Media Group Limited 2008
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/scienceandtechnology/science/sciencenews/3454467/Supermi... 14/11/2008
Scientists are a step closer to creating 'elixir of life' | Mail Online
http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-1087860/Scientis...
Click here to print
Scientists are a step closer to creating 'elixir
of life'
By Fiona Macrae
Last updated at 5:30 PM on 20th November 2008
The secrets of eternal youth are being unlocked by scientists.
Experiments show that an enzyme called telomerase could be the key ingredient in an 'elixir of life'.
Mice engineered to have extra-high levels of telomerase were bred with cancer-resistant creature with astonishing results.
Elixir of life? Scientists believe they could slow the process of ageing using the enzyme
telomerasety
The pups, bred by Spain's National Cancer Institute, lived up to 50 per cent longer the normal. They also had less fat, had
better co-ordination and were better at processing sugar, this week's New Scientist reports.
Researcher Maria Blasco said: 'You can delay the ageing of mice and increase their lifespan.'
1 of 3
21/11/08 09:50
Scientists are a step closer to creating 'elixir of life' | Mail Online
http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-1087860/Scientis...
She said she was optimistic the approach could one day be used to allow people to live longer, because the enzyme was
capable of turning 'a normal, mortal cell into an immortal cell'.
Her optimism is supported by US experiments which found that boosting telomerase levels in white blood cells makes them
better at fighting disease.
Telomerase is extracted from the Astragalus plant, often used in Chinese medicines with no known adverse effects.
It protects tiny bundles of DNA at the end of our chromosomes that get shorter and shorter as our cells divide. Eventually,
they get so short that the cells die.
Keeping levels of telomerase high could keep ageing at bay.
However, some safety concerns remain, because cancer cells produce telomerase at higher than normal rates.
'With anything that boosts telomerase, you may have unwanted cell growth like in cancers,' immunologist Arne Akbar from
University College, London said.
But Dr Blasco said cancer drugs could be used to offset the negative affects.
New Scientist added: 'While an elixir of life in people remains a long way off, the prospect of boosting telomerase to fight
disease, including age-related diseases, may be much closer.'
For more information visit www.newscientist.com
Comments (0)
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Find this story at www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-1087860/Scientists-step-closer-creating-elixir-life.html
2 of 3
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Nueva Prensa Guayana - Científicos crean tres nuevas armas co...
http://nuevaprensa.com.ve/index2.php?option=com_content&ta...
Científicos crean tres nuevas
armas contra el cáncer
Escrito por Redacción
MIÉRCOLES, 19 DE NOVIEMBRE DE 2008
Un grupo de investigadores españoles
lograron crear en el laboratorio un ratón
más sano y resistente al cáncer, y que
envejece más tarde, llegando, incluso, a
vivir un 40 por ciento más que sus
semejantes.
En este trabajo, publicado en la revista
norteamericana Cell, participaron científicos del Centro Nacional de
Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO) y un grupo de investigadores de la
Universidad de Valencia. Las conclusiones del experimento pueden ser
cruciales para la lucha contra el envejecimiento y la multiplicación celular
anómala a causa de la presencia de un cáncer.
María Blasco, autora principal de este estudio, dijo que para conseguir
estos resultados se ha aumentado la telomerasa (enzima) en ratones
resistentes a tumores.
Aunque en las personas no se puede aumentar la cantidad de los genes,
Blasco indicó que "si lo trasladáramos a los humanos sería equivalente a
envejecer mucho más tarde y poder llegar a vivir hasta 120 años". Lo que
se ha intentado con este experimento es entender qué es el
envejecimiento y qué genes son importantes para determinar lo que
vivimos, y, para ello, la aproximación científica se basa en generar ratones
modificados genéticamente, como modelo, para poder entender lo que
pasaría en humanos.
Resistencia y longevidad
La telomerasa es conocida como "la enzima de la inmortalidad", y lo que
1 of 3
21/11/08 09:45
se ha estudiado en este experimento es si aumentando su cantidad se
puede hacer que el ratón viva más. La relación entre los telómeros (sector
terminal de la estructura del cromosoma) y el envejecimiento se conoce
desde 1990 gracias a otras investigaciones. Cuanto más largos son los
telómeros, más puede multiplicarse una célula (incluidas las células madre
que regeneran los tejidos) y, por tanto, el organismo se mantiene joven
por más tiempo.
Conociendo el riesgo a desarrollar cáncer, los científicos españoles crearon
por un lado, un ratón resistente a la enfermedad y, por otro, un roedor
con mayor cantidad de Tert, la proteína responsable de la regeneración de
los telómeros. El cruce de ambos ratones ha dado lugar a un animal cuyo
organismo envejece más tarde y vive más años. En concreto, este animal
presenta una buena coordinación neuromuscular a edades avanzadas,
además de una mayor tolerancia a la glucosa (lo que significa menos
diabetes en la vejez) y unos tejidos más sanos, como la piel y el tracto
digestivo, que se mantienen jóvenes.
En la actualidad, ya existen moléculas que aumentan la cantidad de
telomerasa en las células y hay empresas farmacéuticas que están
haciendo pruebas dirigidas a retrasar el envejecimiento de los tejidos
aumentando la cantidad de la enzima mencionada.
Mientras tanto, la genómica permitirá previsiblemente en el plazo de 7 ó
10 años definir el riesgo de que un cáncer de mama evolucione en
metástasis al tiempo que permitirá prescribir tratamientos personalizados
para cada tumor.
Según el Dr. Javier Hornedo, miembro del comité organizador del
simposium Tratamiento Multidisciplinario del Cáncer de Mama celebrado en
Madrid, en la actualidad la tendencia apunta a aplicar la quimioterapia
antes de operar la mama porque, además de reducir el tamaño del tumor,
esta forma de actuar representa un modelo para ensayar los nuevos
tratamientos.
De esta manera, "en el plazo de 5 ó 6 meses" se puede conocer qué ha
pasado en la mama con el tratamiento.
Cuando una enferma está recién diagnosticada las metástasis no se ven y
cuando se aplica un tratamiento después de extirpar el tumor se pierde un
2 of 3
21/11/08 09:45
testigo valioso, que indica si la terapia es efectiva o no.
Está demostrado que las pacientes que con la quimioterapia
pre-operatoria tienen una respuesta patológica completa y en el momento
de la cirugía no hay evidencia de enfermedad en la mama ni en la axila
tienen una evolución buena.
A juicio del experto, en un plazo de 7 ó 10 años serán capaces de saber si
un tratamiento de quimioterapia va a ser efectivo y no se tratará la
enfermedad "a ciegas". Para ello se obtienen impresiones moleculares de
los tumores que permitirán saber si necesitan quimioterapia y cual va a
ser efectiva. (EFE)
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Cerrar ventana
3 of 3
21/11/08 09:45
Ebedi gençlik iksiri bulundu! - DÜNYA - STARGAZETE.COM
http://www.stargazete.com/yazdir/149703
Ebedi gençlik iksiri bulundu! - DÜNYA
İspanyol bilim adamları, vücutta doğal olarak oluşan bir enzimin
miktarını arttırmanın, hücrelerin ölümüne engel olacağına, daha uzun,
sağlıklı ve yaşam dolu bir hayata imkan sağlayacağına inanıyorlar.
Vücuttaki telomeraz proteini, kromozomların sonunda bir ayakkabı bağı
gibi davranan ve onları çözülmekten kurtaran koruyucu başlığın muhafaza
edilmesine yardımcı oluyor.
İnsan yaşlandıkça hücreler bölünüyor, bu koruyucu başlıklar yıpranırken kısalıyor ve hücrelerin ölümüyle
büyük hasar görüyor.
İspanyol bilim adamları, vücudun doğal telomeraz düzeyini arttırmanın onu gençleştireceğine inanıyorlar.
Madrid'deki Ulusal Kanser Araştırma Merkezi'nden bir ekip, bu teoriyi laboratuvar fareleri üzerinde denedi
ve genetik mühendisliğiyle telomeraz düzeyleri 10 kat arttırılmış olanların, normallerinden yüzde 50 daha
uzun yaşadıklarını gördü.
Araştırmanın başında yer alan Maria Blasco, New Scientist dergisine yaptığı açıklamada, bu enzimin
"normal, ölümlü bir hücreyi, ölümsüz bir hücreye" çevirebileceğini belirterek, aynı yaklaşımın özenli ve
dikkatli bir biçimde gösterilmesi durumunda, insan yaşamının da uzatılabileceği konusunda iyimser
olduğunu kaydetti.
Maria Blasco, "Farenin yaşlanmasını erteleyebilir ve yaşam süresini arttırabilirsiniz. Ancak insanlar
üzerinde bunu yapmak çok daha zor" dedi.
Telomerazın arttırılmasıyla ortaya çıkan sorunlardan birisi de kanser riskinin çoğalması.
Kanser ilaçları sayesinde bunun üstesinden gelinebileceğini ifade eden Dr Blasco, enzimleri arttırılan
farelerde, derialtı yağlanmasının azalması ve daha fazla glikoz toleransı gibi başka olumlu sağlık
etkilerinin de görüldüğüne işaret etti.
URL: http://www.stargazete.com/dunya/ebedi-genclik-iksiri-bulundu-149703.htm
Tarih: 21 Kasım
2008 Cuma, 14:27
1 of 2
21/11/08 17:04
Affaritaliani.it - Scienza/ Grazie al super topo vivremmo 120 anni
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Venerdí 21.11.2008 10:40
Gli scienziati hanno creato il “supertopo” che non invecchia. Secondo uno studio pubblicato sulla
rivista Cell gli esperti dello Spanish National Cancer Research Center sono stati in grado di
rendere l’animale resistente al cancro e soprattutto all’età che avanza. Secondo test effettuati il
roditore sarebbe infatti in grado di invecchiare il 40 per cento più lentamente rispetto alle cavie su cui non è
stata effettuata la ricerca. Il che, se applicato all’uomo, significherebbe che potremmo vivere fino a 120
anni. I ricercatori spagnoli sono riusciti nell’impresa di aumentare nel corpo dell’animale la quantità di una
particolare proteina (in grado di “ritardare” la velocità con cui invecchiano le cellule), operazione prima
tentata da altri, ma fallita perché poneva il topo a rischio cancro.
LE ULTIMISSIME DI
CULTURE/COSTUME
Ecco il super topo che non invecchia
Grazie a lui vivremo fino a 120 anni
Novità nel campo della genetica ...
Cinema, Israele e i nemici da ascoltare
David Grossman è in Italia per
presentare "Qualcuno con cui
Gli scienziati hanno così risolto il problema modificandone prima i geni (per evitare appunto che
si sviluppasse la malattia) e poi accrescendo il valore della proteina, che appunto aiuta le cellule a
rigenerarsi e a “mantenersi” giovani. “In questo modo siamo stati in grado di estendere la durata della vita
del quaranta per cento”, dice Maria Blasco che ha condotto la ricerca insieme ai colleghi dell’Università di
Valencia. E non solo. Il supertopo, dicono gli studiosi, mostra tessuti della pelle più sani, minori problemi
digestivi e una maggiore coordinazione neuromuscolare nella “vecchiaia”. Insomma sarebbe più sano, in
forma e in grado di battere record di longevità, sostiene la ricercatrice che crede che i risultati dello studio
possano interessare soprattutto l’industria cosmetica per combattere attraverso la proteina gli effetti
dell’invecchiamento. A maggior ragione se si pensa che, se, l’animale vive il 40 per cento in più, “l’uomo
potrebbe arrivare ai centoventi anni” e anche cominciare più tardi ad avere sul proprio corpo i segni del
tempo che avanza, conclude la Blasco.
Le notizie più gradite
Claudia Nuzzarello
Vota questa notizia:
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21/11/08 11:26
英报：科学证明中国草药含有“长生不老”物质 CCTV.com 中国中央电视台
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英报：科学证明中国草药含有“长生不老”物质
师受贿罪
开征姚
个人资料
CCTV.com 2008年11月21日 13:54 进入复兴论坛来源：环球时报
天饮食
环球时报驻英国特约记者殷娜报道，无论中外，都有长生不老的传说。不过大多数人对
连锁︱
此不以为然，觉得不过是人类美好愿望而已。但科学家最新研究可能即将揭开长生不老的秘
停止空
住宅智
新领域
密。
据英国每日邮报20日援引《新科学家》的报道，研究显示，一种叫做端粒酶的物质，可
能是长生不老的关键因素。
经过在老鼠身上进行的试验，含有超高端粒酶的老鼠对癌症有让人惊讶的抵抗力。科学
家相信，通过使用端粒酶，可以减缓人类衰老。
端粒酶从黄芪属植物中萃取，经常被用在中国草药中，没有不良影响。
报道说，西班牙国立癌症研究所饲养的老鼠比正常情况下寿命长50%。研究员Blasco
说，“你可以延缓老鼠衰老，延长它们的寿命。”她表示，她对这种技术有朝一日可让人们活得
更长表示乐观，因为端粒酶可以让正常的细胞变为“不死细胞”。
美国研究也发现，增加血液白细胞端粒酶含量可以让人们更好战胜病魔。
不过，尽管如此，科学家仍有顾虑，因为癌细胞产生的端粒酶也比正常水平高。但医生
表示，抗癌药物可以抵消副作用。
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A step closer to an elixir of youth?
Bangalore
Chennai
Hyderabad
Delhi
Thiruvananthapuram
London (PTI): It seems that scientists are a step closer to creating an elixir of life.
A team at the Spanish National Cancer Centre in Madrid has found evidence that
a naturally occurring substance, which can create "immortal cells", could be the
key ingredient in the fountain of eternal youth.
According to the scientists, boosting the amount of the naturally forming enzyme,
called telomerase, in the body could prevent cells from dying and thereby slow the
process of ageing, The Daily Telegraph reported.
The protein telomerase helps maintain the protective caps at ends of
chromosomes which act like ends of shoelaces and stop them unravelling. As
people age and the cells divide, these caps become frayed and shorter and are so
damaged that the cell dies eventually.
In fact, the scientists carried out an experiment on laboratory rodents to reach
the conclusion.
They found that those mice genetically engineered to produce ten times the
normal levels of telomerase lived 50 per cent longer than normal. Those animals
also had less fat, had better co-ordination and were better at processing sugar.
Lead researcher Maria Blasco said that the enzyme was capable of turning "a
normal, mortal cell into an immortal cell" and a similar approach could eventually
lead to extended human lifespans. She, however, urged caution.
"You can delay the ageing of mice and increase their lifespan. (But) I think it is
very hard to extrapolate data from mouse ageing to human ageing," the British
newspaper quoted Blasco as telling the New Scientist.
One of the problems with boosting telomerase is that it can increase the risk of
cancer. However, she said that the obstacle could be overcome by issuing cancer
drugs that could offset the negative affects.
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1 of 2
21/11/08 16:58
TP: Telomerase verlängert das Leben
http://www.heise.de/bin/tp/issue/r4/dl-artikel2.cgi?artikelnr=29...
Telomerase verlängert das Leben
Florian Rötzer 21.11.2008
Spanische Wissenschaftler konnten an krebsresistenten transgenen Mäusen zeigen, dass diese
eine bis zu 50 Prozent längere Lebenszeit haben, wenn das mit Telomerase verbundene
Krebsrisiko unterdrückt werden kann
Wissenschaftler haben nicht nur Supermäuse geschaffen, die wesentlich leistungsfähiger sind (
Genveränderte Supermäuse (1)) sie haben nun auch gentechnisch veränderte Mäuse entwickelt, die
krebsresistent sind und weitaus langsamer als gewöhnliche Mäuse altern. Würden Menschen ebenso
verändert werden, dann könnten sie mit einer durchschnittlichen Lebenszeit von 120 Jahren (2) rechnen.
Alterungsprozesse hängen auch mit dem Abbau der Telomere bei der Teilung der Chromosomen zusammen. Die
Telomer-Kappen an den Enden der Chromosomen schützen diese vor Beeinträchtigungen. Allerdings ist die Länge
der Telomere und deren Wiederherstellung begrenzt, so dass nur eine bestimmte Zahl der Zellteilung möglich ist.
Diese eingebaute Endlichkeit könnte biologisch die Lebensdauer regulieren, sorgt aber auch dafür, dass sich
gefährliche Zellen nicht endlos vermehren können. Könnte man den Abbau der Telomere durch Hinzufügung des
für ihre Verlängerung zuständige Enzyms, die Telomerase Reverse Transkriptase (TERT), bremsen, dann müsste
sich, der Theorie nach, die Lebenserwartung verlängern, wenn gleichzeitig verhindert wird, dass dadurch auch
Tumore besser wachsen können. Telomerase wurde denn auch schon das "Unsterblichkeitsenzym" genannt ( Traum
vom ewigen Leben (3)). Am Einbringen von Telomerase wird schon lange geforscht ( Lebensverlängerung? (4)).
Eine der krebsresistenten transgenen Mäuse, die dank vermehrter Telomerase-Produktion länger leben
Um diese Hypothese zu testen, haben die spanischen Wissenschaftler, wie sie in der Zeitschrift Cell (5) schreiben
(6), genveränderte krebsresistente Mäuse für ihren Versuch verwendet. Das ist notwendig, weil die Hinzufügung des
Enzyms TERT zu Krebs führen kann. Krebszellen zeichnen sich wie embryonale Stammzellen u.a. dadurch aus,
dass sie sich dank Telomerase unkontrolliert und vielleicht auch unbegrenzt vermehren können, weil sich bei ihnen
die Telomere nicht bei jeder Teilung wie bei den deswegen alternden Krebszellen abbauen.
Das Problem ist also, dass man, wenn man den "Jungbrunnen" Telomerase den Zellen zuführt, damit sie nicht altern,
drastisch das Risiko der Krebsentwicklung erhöht, was auch wieder zu frühzeitigem Tod führen kann. Interessant ist
also die Forschung mit Telomerase in beiden Richtungen. Unterdrückt man die Bildung des Enzyms, ließe sich
damit Tumore bekämpfen, vermehrt man die Bildung könnte dies zu einer Verzögerung des Alterns führen. Beides
ist vielversprechend – als therapeutisches oder Anti-Aging-Mittel und als Einnahmequelle, wenn man das jeweils
bestehende Dilemma löst.
Bei den Mäusen haben die spanischen Wissenschaftler das Dilemma mit Blick auf die Anti-Agig-Wirkung gelöst,
1 of 2
21/11/08 10:06
TP: Telomerase verlängert das Leben
http://www.heise.de/bin/tp/issue/r4/dl-artikel2.cgi?artikelnr=29...
indem sie durch Genveränderung für eine vermehrte Ausschüttung der Tumorsuppressoren p53 oder p16 und
p19ARF gesorgt haben. Diese schützen vor zahlreichen Krebsarten. Die transgenen Mäuse (super-p53 (Sp53) oder
super-p16/Arf (Sp16/SArf) sind geschützt vor Krebs, haben aber ein normales Lebensalter. Bei Mäusen mit allen
drei Genen (Sp53/Sp16/SArf) wurde bereits ein verzögertes Altern festgestellt. Die Wissenschaftler vermuten, dass
die Tumorsuppressoren auch die Beschädigung von Zellen verhindern.
Die transgenen Mäuse wurden nun mit solchen Mäusen gekreuzt, die das TERT-Gen codieren und damit Telomerase
verstärkt produzieren. Die daraus entstandenen transgenen TERT-Mäuse produzieren in ihren Geweben bis zu 10
Prozent mehr Telomerase. Maligne Tumore traten nicht auf. Bei ihnen heilten Entzündungen der Haut und im
Magen- und Darmbereich, die bei älteren Mäusen häufiger vorkommen, schneller als bei gewöhnlichen Mäusen,
Stammzellen wurden vermehr produziert. Gegenüber anderen gleich alten Mäusen nahm bei den transgenen
TERT-Mäuse die neuromuskuläre Koordination nicht so schnell ab, auch metabolische Störungen und
Genschädigungen durch Oxidation traten weniger häufig auf. Dafür lebten sie aber durchschnittlich bis zu 26
Prozent länger als normale Mäuse. Bei den transgenen Mäusen, die alle drei Tumorsuppressoren besaßen,
verlängerte sich die Lebenszeit gar um 40 Prozent. Betrachtet man hier die Mäuse, die nicht an Krebs, sondern an
Alter starben, so erhöhte sich der Lebensverlängerungseffekt auf 50 Prozent.
Überexpression von Telomerase verlängert nicht nur das Leben, so die Wissenschaftler, sofern die Tumorbildung
unterdrückt werden kann, sondern erhöht auch schon die Fitness von jungen Mäusen. Zudem wurde festgestellt,
dass auch bei den transgenen Mäusen, die keine erhöhte Telomerase-Produktion hatten, der Abbau der Telomere
weniger schnell als bei normalen Mäusen eintritt.
Maria Blasco vom Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (7) in Madrid, die führende Wissenschaftlerin
der Studie, sagte, Telomerase sei dazu imstande, "eine normale, sterbliche Zelle in eine unsterbliche Zelle" zu
verwandeln. Und natürlich sorgt sie für Optimismus und kündet an, dass sich wahrscheinlich mit einem ähnlichen
Ansatz auch irgendwann die menschliche Lebenszeit verlängern lassen könnte, wenn man die negativen Effekte der
Telomerase durch entsprechende Anti-Krebs-Medikamente verhindert.
Aber bis dahin ist es noch ein langer Weg, wenn es überhaupt möglich sein sollte. Die gesellschaftlichen Folgen
einer steigenden Lebenserwartung, die auch ohne das Wundermittel Telomerase eintreten, lassen sich schon jetzt
beobachten. Das dürfte freilich denen, die es sich leisten könnten, in den Jungbrunnen zu steigen, egal sein. Schon
jetzt haben die reichen Menschen schließlich eine höhere Lebenserwartung als die Armen.
Links
(1) http://www.heise.de/tp/r4/artikel/26/26536/1.html
(2) http://www.cnio.es/es/news/docs/maria-blasco-cell-11nov08-es.pdf
(5) http://www.cell.com/
(6) http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6WSN-4TX7KY2-C&_user=10&_rdoc=1&
_fmt=&_orig=search&_sort=d&view=c&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&
md5=9a2d404ae66b5e6e230dab88d99c9a58
(7) http://www.cnio.es/es/index.asp
Telepolis Artikel-URL: http://www.heise.de/tp/r4/artikel/29/29190/1.html
Copyright © Heise Zeitschriften Verlag
2 of 2
21/11/08 10:06
The Elixir of Life is Within Grasp: Scientists
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The Elixir of Life is Within Grasp: Scientists
The notion of the “elixir of life” has tantalized the fantasies of many with its charms of
undying youth and promises of endless passion. Spanish scientists have identified the
enzyme telomerase which, they think, is an essential ingredient of this elixir and could
unlock the secrets of the magic potion.
According to researchers, boosting the amount of telomerase in the body could prevent
cells from dying and so lead to extended and healthier lifespans.
Telomerase, extracted from the Astragalus plant, is often used in Chinese medicines with
no known adverse effects.
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It protects tiny bundles of DNA at the end of our chromosomes that get shorter and
shorter as our cells divide. Eventually, they get so short that the cells die.
To reach the conclusion, the team at the Spanish National Cancer Centre in Madrid tested
the theory on mice and found that those genetically engineered to produce 10 times the
normal levels of telomerase lived 50 per cent longer than normal, reports the Telegraph.
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Maria Blasco, who led the research, told the New Scientist said that the enzyme was
capable of turning "a normal, mortal cell into an immortal cell".
She added that she was optimistic that a similar approach may eventually lead to
extended human lifespans.
"You can delay the ageing of mice and increase their lifespan. I think it is very hard to
extrapolate data from mouse ageing to human ageing," she said.
However, some safety concerns remain, because cancer cells produce telomerase at higher
than normal rates.
Blasco said this could be overcome by also issuing cancer drugs that could offset the
negative affects.
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1 of 1
24/11/08 09:52
RedOrbit NEWS | Fountain Of Youth May Be Closer Than Exp...
http://www.redorbit.com/modules/news/tools.php?tool=print&i...
Fountain Of Youth May Be Closer Than
Expected
Scientists may need to look no further than to the human body to find keys to prevent aging.
It appears that by increasing the amount of a naturally occurring enzyme in the human body,
researchers could prevent cells from dying.
A protein called telomerase works to prevent the protective caps on the ends of chromosomes
from becoming shorter and ragged. It helps maintain the protective caps and keeps them from
unraveling.
The enzymes were capable of “turning a normal, mortal cell into an immortal cell,” said lead
researcher Maria Blasco.
The team at the Spanish National Cancer Center in Madrid genetically engineered mice to
produce 10 times the amount of telomerase that a body normally has. They found the mice lived
50 percent longer than usual.
The mice also had an increased tolerance for glucose and less subcutaneous fat.
"You can delay the ageing of mice and increase their lifespan," said Blasco.
"(But)I think it is very hard to extrapolate data from mouse aging to human aging."
One of the problems with boosting telomerase is that it can increase the risk of cancer.
Dr Blasco said this could be overcome by also issuing cancer drugs that could offset the negative
affects.
--On the Net:
Spanish National Cancer Center
Story from REDORBIT NEWS:
http://www.redorbit.com/news/display/?id=1602166
Published: 2008/11/21 13:03:53 CST
© RedOrbit 2005
1 of 1
24/11/08 09:48
Scientists on Trail of Fountain of Youth
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November 21, 2008
There may soon be a pill that could stop, or at least slow, the
aging process. Scientists say that boosting the levels of a chemical
found in the body could prolong cell life, warding off disease and
leading to longer lifespans.
The virtual fountain of youth may be the protein telomerase,
which is produced naturally in the body to provide protection to
chromosomes. When cells age, they divide and are more likely to
die. Boosting telomerase, they say, could hold cells together
longer, prolonging their lives.
The research was carried out at the Spanish National Cancer
Center in Madrid, where scientists tested the theory on laboratory
animals. They say those whose bodies were induced to produce
extra telomerase expanded their lifespans by 50 percent.
Though promising, the research doesn't tell scientists exactly how
boosting telomerase levels would work in humans, according to
lead researcher Maria Blasco.
And then there may be a pretty significant side effect. Raising the
level of telomerase in the body might increase the risk of cancer,
Blasco says. She says more study is needed before the therapy is
tried on human subjects.
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Scientists from the Spanish National Cancer Centre in Madrid believe they are
one step closer to developing the elixir of youth. The process involves
flooding the body with the enzyme telomerase, to a degree that is much higher
than occurs naturally.
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As we age, cells do too. Cells will eventually self-destruct as the ends of their
chromosomes become unraveled. The protein telomerase serves to maintain
the ends of chromosomes to prevent this. The theory was tested on mice via
genetic engineering.
Top News Health
The mice that were engineered were made to produce 10 times normal levels
of telomerase. These animals lived 50% longer than regular mice. Increasing
this level in humans could increase cancer risk, so cancer drugs would have to
be used as well.
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4 Comments
This is new to me..
can anyone expand on this subject for me?
by:
captainJane
11/22/2008 08:16 AM
Perhapse
there is hope, the are able to reduce the cancer risk.
by:
vizhatlan
11/22/2008 03:55 PM
Man Pregnant With
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Scientists create ’supermice’ that can resist cancer and
age
Posted on November 20, 2008 | Category: Other News
In a breakthrough study, Spanish scientists have created a genetically modified ’supermice’ that can resist cancer and
which age almost half as fast as other mice.
The research team from Valencia University modified the genes of the mice to make them resistant to cancer and slow
down aging by increasing the amount of a particular protein called telomerase.
Previous studies had shown that attempts to increase the amount of the protein in mice made them more vulnerable to
cancer.
In the new study, the researchers modified the genes of the mice in such away that made it resistant to the disease.
1 of 4
21/11/08 10:10
Scientists create ’supermice’ that can resist cancer and age | Ente...
http://www.entertainmentandshowbiz.com/scientists-create-sup...
The resulting mice were found to have better muscle in old age, healthier skin
tissue and fewer digestion problems.
The mice aged 40 per cent slower than those whose genes have not been modified.
“By simultaneously increasing the amounts of telomerase and the resistance to
cancer we are able to delay ageing in mice and also to extend their life span by 40
per cent,” the Telegraph quoted
Maria A. Blasco, lead researcher from the Spanish National Cancer Research
Centre (CNIO).
“These mice get to live for as long as the eldest mice in records of the same kind,
“If we were to parallel it to humans, then it would mean reaching 120 years of age
and also to start ageing much later in life,” she added. (ANI)
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21/11/08 10:10
Scientists come a step closer to creating ‘elixir of youth’
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admin November 21st, 2008 World News
London, Nov 21 (ANI): Spanish scientists are a step closer to unlocking the secrets of eternal youth after showing
that an enzyme called telomerase could be the key ingredient in an ”elixir of life”.
According to researchers, boosting the amount of telomerase in the body could prevent cells from dying and so lead
to extended and healthier lifespans.
Telomerase, extracted from the Astragalus plant, is often used in Chinese medicines with no known adverse effects.
It protects tiny bundles of DNA at the end of our chromosomes that get shorter and shorter as our cells divide.
Eventually, they get so short that the cells die.
1 of 4
21/11/08 09:48
http://www.newspostonline.com/world-news/scientists-come-a-...
To reach the conclusion, the team at the Spanish National Cancer
Centre in Madrid tested the theory on mice and found that those
genetically engineered to produce 10 times the normal levels of
telomerase lived 50 per cent longer than normal, reports the
Telegraph.
Telomerase Detection
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Maria Blasco, who led the research, told the New Scientist said that
the enzyme was capable of turning “a normal, mortal cell into an
immortal cell”.
She added that she was optimistic that a similar approach may
eventually lead to extended human lifespans.
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“You can delay the ageing of mice and increase their lifespan. (But)I
think it is very hard to extrapolate data from mouse ageing to human ageing, she said.
Blasco said this could be overcome by also issuing cancer drugs that could offset the negative affects. (ANI)
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2 of 4
21/11/08 09:48
The Hindu Business Line : A step closer to an elixir of youth?
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A step closer to an elixir of youth?
LONDON: It seems that scientists are a step closer to creating an elixir of youth.
A team at the Spanish National Cancer Centre in Madrid has found evidence that a naturally
occurring substance, which can create “immortal cells”, could be the key ingredient in the fountain
of eternal youth.
According to the scientists, boosting the amount of the naturally forming enzyme, called
telomerase, in the body could prevent cells from dying and thereby slow the process of ageing,
The Daily Telegraph reported.
The protein telomerase helps maintain the protective caps at ends of chromosomes which act like
ends of shoelaces and stop them unravelling.
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As people age and the cells divide, these caps become frayed and shorter and are so damaged
that the cell dies eventually. In fact, the scientists carried out an experiment on laboratory rodents
to reach the conclusion. They found that those mice genet ically engineered to produce 10 times
the normal levels of telomerase lived 50 per cent longer than normal. Those animals also had less
fat, had better co-ordination and were better at processing sugar.
Lead researcher Maria Blasco said that the enzyme was capable of turning **a normal, mortal cell
into an immortal cell” and a similar approach could eventually lead to extended human lifespans.
One of the problems with boosting telomerase is that it can increase the risk of cancer. However,
she said that the obstacle could be overcome by issuing cancer drugs that could offset the
negative affects. – PTI
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21/11/08 09:53
Scientists come a step closer to creating elixir of youth(Re-issue)
http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/india-news/scientists-com...
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November 23rd, 2008 - 4:47 pm ICT by ANI The New Elixir of Youth
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London, Nov 23 (ANI): Spanish scientists are a step closer to unlocking the
secrets of eternal youth after showing that an enzyme called telomerase could be
the key ingredient in an ”elixir of life”.
According to researchers, boosting the amount of telomerase in the body could
prevent cells from dying and so lead to extended and healthier lifespans.
Telomerase, extracted from the Astragalus plant, is often used in Chinese
medicines with no known adverse effects.
It protects tiny bundles of DNA at the end of our chromosomes that get shorter
and shorter as our cells divide. Eventually, they get so short that the cells die.
To reach the conclusion, the team at the Spanish National Cancer Centre in
Madrid tested the theory on mice and found that those genetically engineered to
produce 10 times the normal levels of telomerase lived 50 per cent longer than normal, reports the Telegraph.
Maria Blasco, who led the research, told the New Scientist said that the enzyme was capable of turning “a normal, mortal
cell into an immortal cell”.
She added that she was optimistic that a similar approach may eventually lead to extended human lifespans.
“You can delay the ageing of mice and increase their lifespan. (But)I think it is very hard to extrapolate data from mouse
ageing to human ageing, she said.
5 of 7
24/11/08 09:59
Scientists come a step closer to creating elixir of youth(Re-issue)
http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/india-news/scientists-com...
Blasco said this could be overcome by also issuing cancer drugs that could offset the negative affects. (ANI)
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Scientists create ‘’supermice” that can resist cancer and age - November 14, 2008
Study opens door to new cancer, ageing treatments - September 1, 2008
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6 of 7
24/11/08 09:59
DinSide Helse - Fant ungdomskilden
Página 1 de 3
Ungdomskilden kan være avslørt av spanske forskere, men den er ikke uten alvorlige bivirkninger.
(Foto: Colourbox.com)
Fant ungdomskilden
Kan forlenge livet med 50 prosent, mener forskere.
DinSide "I want to be forever young" sang gruppen
Alphaville på 80-tallet. Og nå mener faktisk spanske forskere
å ha funnet kilden til evig ungdom.
Les også: Slik lever du 14 år lenger
Ifølge forskere ved Spanias nasjonale senter for
kreftforskning kan et enzym som finnes naturlig i
menneskekroppen få cellene til å leve lengre, og man vil
dermed kunne utsette kroppens aldringsprosess.
Beskytter cellene
Enzymet telomerase beskytter kromosonene som ligger i
kjernen av cellene våre. Det er med på å vedlikeholde
endene på hvert enkelt kromosom, men med tiden vil disse
endene likevel bli slitt. På et tidspunkt vil de bli så skadet at
http://www.dinside.no/helse/fant+ungdomskilden+/art795367.html
25/11/2008
DinSide Helse - Fant ungdomskilden
Página 2 de 3
cellen til slutt dør.
Ny forskning tyder imidlertid på at en større mengde
telomerase vil kunne forlenge cellenes, og dermed
menneskets, levetid.
Les også: Vitaminet som holder deg ung
De spanske forskerne avlet frem en gruppe mus, som
produserte ti ganger mer telomerase i cellevevet som dekker
kroppens overflate, enn hva som er normalt. Og musene
viste seg å leve 50 prosent lengre enn andre mus. I tillegg
fikk de bedre koordinasjonsevner og mindre underhudsfett.
Gode resultater
- Vi har oppdaget at vi kan forsinke aldringsprosessen hos
mus, og dermed øke levetiden deres, sier leder av studien,
Maria Blasco til New Scientist.
Hun er optimistisk ved tanken på at en ekstra dose tilført
telomerase kan ha samme effekt på mennesker. Det er
imidlertid noen utfordringer som gjenstår før ungdomskilden
er å få i apotekhyllene.
Les også: Er livet over etter 25?
Et økt nivå av telomerase gir nemlig større risiko for å utvikle
kreft. En mulig løsning kan ifølge Blasco være å gi personer
som får telomerase-behandling kreftmedisin.
Studien er publisert i siste utgave av tidsskriftet New
Scientist.
http://www.dinside.no/helse/fant+ungdomskilden+/art795367.html
25/11/2008
Science News / Telomere Enzyme A Likely Key To Longevity
Página 1 de 2
http://www.sciencenews.org/view/generic/id/38552
Home / News / News item
TELOMERE ENZYME A LIKELY KEY TO LONGEVITY
By Patrick Barry
:
Study gives mice a longevity boost without high cancer risk
A new experiment suggests that the enzyme telomerase can extend the lifespan of mice by
about 24 percent.
Some cells can keep dividing forever, essentially becoming immortal thanks in part to
telomerase. But evidence for whether this enzyme affects aging and longevity in larger
organisms such as people has been muddled and contradictory.
While the enzyme enables cells to keep dividing, it also takes cells one step closer to
growing and proliferating out of control — that is, becoming cancerous. Lab animals with
extra genes for telomerase often die young from tumors.
Reporting in the Nov. 14 Cell, researchers in Spain engineered mice to have not only an
extra copy of the gene for telomerase, but also extra anti-tumor genes to combat the
enzyme’s cancer-causing potential. In the altered mice, signs of aging such as poor
coordination or degraded tissue health were delayed compared to mice that had only the
extra copies of anti-tumor genes, the team reports.
“These observations demonstrate the anti-aging effects of telomerase in ... living
organisms,” Maria Blasco of the Molecular Oncology Program at the Spanish National
Cancer Research Center in Madrid and her colleagues write in the report.
Telomerase lengthens telomeres — the “caps” on the end of chromosomes that protect
DNA from damage. Like burning fuses, telomeres normally get shorter each time that most
body cells divide. After a certain number of divisions, the telomeres in the daughter cells
become too short and the chromosomes start to degrade, thus preventing the cells from
dividing any further. So this shortening of telomeres places a limit on the number of times
that most body cells can divide, the so-called Hayflick limit.
Telomerase enables the cell to divide indefinitely by adding back the bit of telomere lost
during each cell division, essentially keeping the fuse from burning. Previous research has
shown that adding an active copy of the telomerase gene to human cells causes those cells
to surpass the Hayflick limit and apparently divide without end. But people with longer
telomeres don’t necessarily live any longer than people with short telomeres do, so
evidence for a link with lifespan has been fuzzy.
Leonard Hayflick, the biogerontologist who in 1961 discovered the limit on cell division that
bears his name, says he agrees that the new research shows that telomerase can affect
longevity in mice. But he doubts the scientists’ claim that the enzyme affects the actual rate
of aging.
The problem, Hayflick says, is how to measure that rate. Blasco’s team tested a series of
traits that might be thought of as associated with aging: whether the mice had enough
coordination to walk across a rope, the health of the mice’s skin and small intestines, the
mice’s sensitivity to insulin and glucose, concentrations of insulinlike growth factor-1 in the
blood and, of course, average telomere length. In each of these cases, mice with the extra
telomerase gene performed more like youthful mice than those with only the anti-tumor
genes. But these tests may or may not reflect the actual rate of aging, Hayflick says.
“They’re about as bad as looking at gray hair,” says Hayflick, who is a professor of anatomy
at the University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine. “Look at me. I’m 80 years
old and my hair’s still black.”
A lack of reliable, agreed-upon ways to measure the rate of aging is a problem for the whole
field of aging research, Hayflick says, not just for this study.
Longevity — how long an animal lives — is less ambiguous. While the question still is not
settled, Hayflick says, “A strengthening case has been made on the role of telomeres in
affecting longevity.”
http://www.sciencenews.org/view/generic/id/38552/title/Telomere_enzyme_a_likely_key... 14/11/2008
n-tv.de
Página 1 de 1
DRUCKEN
Freitag, 14. November 2008
Krebsresistent und alt
Jungbrunnen für Mäuse
Spanische Forscher haben eine genveränderte "Supermaus" geschaffen,
die länger lebt und weniger krebsanfällig ist. Grundlage der Arbeit war die
Rolle des "Jungbrunnen-Enzyms" Telomerase beim Altern, wie die
Molekularbiologin María Blasco vom Nationalen Spanischen
Krebsforschungszentrum (CNIO) in Madrid nach Presseberichten
erläuterte. Die Telomerase schütze die Zellen zwar vor dem Altern,
fördere aber zugleich die Tumorbildung.
Bei der "Supermaus" kombinierte das Team um Blasco nun zwei
Eigenschaften: Die Wissenschaftler veränderten die Aktivität eines
Telomerase-Gens und verstärkten zugleich die Arbeit mehrerer Gene
(p53, p16 und p19ARF), die vor Krebs schützen. Das Ergebnis ist, dass
die Mäuse um 40 Prozent länger leben und unempfindlicher gegen
Krebsauslöser sind als ihre Artgenossen.
Beim Menschen seien solche Manipulationen zwar nicht möglich, sagte
Blasco, deren Ergebnisse in der US-Fachzeitschrift "Cell" veröffentlicht
sind. Die Pharmaindustrie forscht derzeit an Telomerase-Medikamenten,
die kürzer gewordene Telomere in den Zellen nachwachsen lassen sollen.
Die Zellen altern dann langsamer. Blasco war für ihre TelomeraseForschung im September in Hamburg mit dem Körber-Preis für
Europäische Wissenschaft ausgezeichnet worden.
Adresse:
http://www.n-tv.de/1053729.html
http://www.n-tv.de/1053729.html?tpl=druck
14/11/2008
Badisches Tagblatt NetContent
Página 1 de 1
zurück
drucken
Spanische «Supermaus» lebt länger
Madrid (dpa) - Spanische Forscher haben eine genveränderte «Supermaus» geschaffen, die länger lebt und weniger
krebsanfällig ist. Grundlage der Arbeit war die Rolle des «Jungbrunnen-Enzyms» Telomerase beim Altern.
Dies erläutert die Molekularbiologin María Blasco vom Nationalen Spanischen Krebsforschungszentrum (CNIO) in Madrid
nach Presseberichten vom Freitag. Die Telomerase schütze die Zellen zwar vor dem Altern, fördere aber zugleich die
Tumorbildung.
Bei der «Supermaus» kombinierte das Team um Blasco nun zwei Eigenschaften: Die Wissenschaftler veränderten die
Aktivität eines Telomerase-Gens und verstärkten zugleich die Arbeit mehrerer Gene (p53, p16 und p19ARF), die vor Krebs
schützen. Das Ergebnis ist, dass die Mäuse um 40 Prozent länger leben und unempfindlicher gegen Krebsauslöser sind als
ihre Artgenossen.
Beim Menschen seien solche Manipulationen zwar nicht möglich, sagte Blasco, deren Ergebnisse in der US-Fachzeitschrift
«Cell» (Bd. 135, S. 609) vom Freitag veröffentlicht sind. Die Pharmaindustrie forscht derzeit an Telomerase-Medikamenten,
die kürzer gewordene Telomere in den Zellen nachwachsen lassen sollen. Die Zellen altern dann langsamer. Blasco war für
ihre Telomerase-Forschung im September in Hamburg mit dem Körber-Preis für Europäische Wissenschaft ausgezeichnet
worden.
http://www.badisches-tagblatt.de/html/unterticker/LINK00_20081114171506_Spanische...
14/11/2008
De Morgen Gezondheid - Spaanse wetenschappers creëren "supermuizen" (487954)
Página 1 de 1
venster sluiten
Denk aan het milieu. Denk na voor je print!
Spaanse wetenschappers creëren
"supermuizen"
Spaanse wetenschappers zijn erin geslaagd "supermuizen" te creëren, die
bestand zijn tegen kanker en veertig procent langer leven.
De sleutel van het experiment was een enzyme met de naam telomerase.
Hierdoor worden de uiteinden van de chromosomen verlengd. Daardoor kunnen
cellen blijven delen en dat zou ervoor zorgen dat de levensduur wordt verlengd.
Het risico op kanker wordt hierdoor echter wel groter. De muizen werden daarom
genetisch gemanipuleerd om bestand te zijn tegen kanker.
"Gelijkaardige technieken zouden ervoor kunnen zorgen dat mensen 120 jaar
oud worden", aldus een van de onderzoekers. Het was echter niet mogelijk om
dezelfde methode voor genetische manipulatie toe te passen op mensen, legde
ze uit. (belga/bdr)
14/11/08 14u01
De Persgroep Publishing. Alle rechten voorbehouden.
http://www.demorgen.be/dm/article/print/detail.do?language=nl&navigationItemId=993...
14/11/2008
Het Nieuwsblad Online
Página 1 de 1
Spaanse wetenschappers creëren 'supermuizen' - 14/11/2008
14:52:45
Spaanse wetenschappers
zijn erin geslaagd
'supermuizen' te creëren,
die bestand zijn tegen
kanker en veertig procent
langer kunnen leven,
meldden diverse media
vrijdag.
De muizen werden
genetisch gemanipuleerd
door onderzoekers van
het centrum van kankeronderzoek CNIO en de universiteit van
Valencia, meldt onder meer het magazine 'Cell'.
De sleutel van het experiment was een enzyme met de naam
telomerase. Dankzij telomerase worden de uiteinden van de
chromosomen, bekend als telomeren, verlengd. De cellen kunnen
immers blijven delen en dat zou ervoor zorgen dat de levensduur
wordt verlengd. Het risico op kanker wordt daardoor echter wel
groter.
De muizen werden genetisch gemanipuleerd om bestand te zijn
tegen kanker, terwijl de hoeveelheid telomerase in hun lichaam
werd verhoogd.
Daardoor hadden de muizen een beter neuro-musculaire
coördinatie, een kleinere kans om diabetes te ontwikkelen en ook
hun weefsel was gezonder op latere leeftijd dan bij gewone
muizen. Ze leefden ook tot veertig procent langer.
'De relatie tussen telomeren en het ouder worden is bekend sinds
1990, maar het is de eerste keer dat de levensverwachting van een
heel organisme verlengd is', zei Maria Blasco, voorzitter van de
studie in de krant El Mundo.
'Gelijkaardige technieken zouden ervoor kunnen zorgen dat
mensen 120 jaar oud worden', zei Blasco. Het was echter niet
mogelijk om dezelfde methode voor genetische manipulatie toe te
passen op mensen, legde ze uit.
vdy (belga)
http://www.nieuwsblad.be/Article/PrintArticle.aspx?ArticleID=DMF14112008_059
14/11/2008
Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase Delays Aging in Cancer-Resistant Mice | Cancer For... Página 1 de 2
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Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase Delays Aging in
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Submitted by Dross on Fri, 2008-11-14 06:09. email this page | 42 reads
telomerase
Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase Delays Aging Toxicology Model Organism
Find Over 700,000 Gene Expression Assays Or
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I have had a few people ask me about
telomerase. They look for it in creams, they buy
pills of it, mostly because they have heard that
cells need telomerase to continue dividining,
and that there is a finite amount of it in each
cell. My answer has always been telomerase will
extend the life of the cell (which by the way I
don't see a cream helping to get through the
cell membrane, but I digress) but it will also aid
the continuation of the life of a cancerous cell.
Well here is a story about the fountain of youth.
The important thing to take away from this
though, is that you do nto have enhanced
expression of p53, p16 or p19ARF!
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Telomerase can confer limitless proliferative potential to human cells through its ability to
elongate telomeres. However, study of telomerase in organismal aging has been
complicated by its cancer-promotion effects. To circumvent this issue, Tomas et al. use
mice engineered to be cancer resistant through the enhanced expression of the tumor
suppressors p53, p16, and p19ARF to study the effects of telomerase expression. In this
context, telomerase overexpression improves organismal fitness and produces a systemic
delay in aging accompanied by life-span extension. These results demonstrate that
telomerase can provide antiaging activity in mammalian organisms.
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Genmanipulation: Langlebige „Supermaus“ trotzt Krebs - News - FOCUS Online
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Url: http://www.focus.de/gesundheit/ratgeber/krebs/news/genmanipulation-langlebige-supermaus-trotzt-krebs_aid_348593.html
14.11.08, 15:29
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Genmanipulation
Langlebige „Supermaus“ trotzt Krebs
Spanische Forscher haben eine genveränderte „Supermaus“ geschaffen,
die länger lebt und weniger krebsanfällig ist.
Grundlage für ihre Kreation sei die Rolle des
„Jungbrunnen-Enzyms“ Telomerase für das
Altern von Zellen, erläutert die
Molekularbiologin María Blasco vom
Nationalen Spanischen
Krebsforschungszentrum (CNIO) in Madrid.
Telomerase schützt die Zellen zwar vor
Alterungsprozessen, fördert aber zugleich die
Tumorbildung.
Spanische Forscher haben eine Maus
Bei der „Supermaus“ kombinierten die
geschaffen, die langsamer altert
Wissenschaftler zwei Eigenschaften: Sie
veränderten die Aktivität eines Telomerase-Gens. Gleichzeitig verstärkten sie die
Aktivität von drei Genen, von denen Forscher wissen, dass sie vor Krebs
schützen: p53, p16 und p19ARF. Das Ergebnis waren Nagetiere, die um 40
Prozent länger leben und unempfindlicher auf Krebsauslöser reagieren als ihre
Artgenossen. Die Ergebnisse ihres Experiments haben die Forscher in der USFachzeitschrift „Cell“ veröffentlicht.
„Supermensch“ nicht in Sicht
Am Menschen seien solche Manipulationen nicht möglich, betonte María Blasco.
Die Pharmaindustrie forscht derzeit an Telomerase-Medikamenten, die Zellen
langsamer altern lassen sollen.
Die Telomerase ist ein Enzym, das in 90 Prozent aller Krebszellen aktiv ist.
Außerdem hält es unter anderem die Keimzellen, bestimmte Haut- und Blutzellen
sowie Zellen des Magen-Darm-Trakts biologisch jung: Es verhindert ihre
Alterung, indem es die Schutzkappen an den Enden der Erbinformation nach
jedem Vermehrungszyklus erneuert. Für gewöhnlich verkürzen sich diese
sogenannten Telomere nach jeder Zellteilung. Haben sie eine kritische Länge
unterschritten, stoppt die Vermehrung.
Drucken
Foto: dpa
Copyright © 2008 by FOCUS Online GmbH
http://www.focus.de/gesundheit/ratgeber/krebs/news/genmanipulation-langlebige-superm... 14/11/2008
El Tiempo - El Periódico del Pueblo Oriental
www.eltiempo.com.ve
Página 1 de 2
Imprimir >>
TIEMPO LIBRE
Científicos crean tres nuevas armas contra el
cáncer
Un ratón más sano y resistente al cáncer, que puede llegar a vivir un 40 por ciento más, la genómica
que permitirá anticiparse a la metástasis y los avances importantes en la lucha contra los tumores
oncológicos de útero constituyen noticias muy esperanzadoras para los enfermos afectados por la
temible enfermedad, cada vez más cercada aunque no vencida
Francisco Galindo / EFE
EFE - REPORTAJES.- Un grupo de investigadores españoles lograron crear en el laboratorio un ratón más sano y
resistente al cáncer, y que envejece más tarde, llegando, incluso, a vivir un 40 por ciento más que sus semejantes.
En este trabajo, publicado en la revista norteamericana Cell, participaron científicos del Centro Nacional de
Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO) y un grupo de investigadores de la Universidad de Valencia. Las conclusiones del
experimento pueden ser cruciales para la lucha contra el envejecimiento y la multiplicación celular anómala a causa de
la presencia de un cáncer.
María Blasco, autora principal de este estudio, dijo que para conseguir estos resultados se ha aumentado la telomerasa
(enzima) en ratones resistentes a tumores.
Aunque en las personas no se puede aumentar la cantidad de los genes, Blasco indicó que "si lo trasladáramos a los
humanos sería equivalente a envejecer mucho más tarde y poder llegar a vivir hasta 120 años". Lo que se ha intentado
con este experimento es entender qué es el envejecimiento y qué genes son importantes para determinar lo que
vivimos, y, para ello, la aproximación científica se basa en generar ratones modificados genéticamente, como modelo,
para poder entender lo que pasaría en humanos.
Resistencia y longevidad
La telomerasa es conocida como "la enzima de la inmortalidad", y lo que se ha estudiado en este experimento es si
aumentando su cantidad se puede hacer que el ratón viva más. La relación entre los telómeros (sector terminal de la
estructura del cromosoma) y el envejecimiento se conoce desde 1990 gracias a otras investigaciones. Cuanto más
largos son los telómeros, más puede multiplicarse una célula (incluidas las células madre que regeneran los tejidos) y,
por tanto, el organismo se mantiene joven por más tiempo.
Conociendo el riesgo a desarrollar cáncer, los científicos españoles crearon por un lado, un ratón resistente a la
enfermedad y, por otro, un roedor con mayor cantidad de Tert, la proteína responsable de la regeneración de los
telómeros. El cruce de ambos ratones ha dado lugar a un animal cuyo organismo envejece más tarde y vive más años.
En concreto, este animal presenta una buena coordinación neuromuscular a edades avanzadas, además de una mayor
tolerancia a la glucosa (lo que significa menos diabetes en la vejez) y unos tejidos más sanos, como la piel y el tracto
digestivo, que se mantienen jóvenes.
En la actualidad, ya existen moléculas que aumentan la cantidad de telomerasa en las células y hay empresas
farmacéuticas que están haciendo pruebas dirigidas a retrasar el envejecimiento de los tejidos aumentando la cantidad
de la enzima mencionada.
Mientras tanto, la genómica permitirá previsiblemente en el plazo de 7 ó 10 años definir el riesgo de que un cáncer de
mama evolucione en metástasis al tiempo que permitirá prescribir tratamientos personalizados para cada tumor.
Según el Dr. Javier Hornedo, miembro del comité organizador del simposium Tratamiento Multidisciplinario del Cáncer
de Mama celebrado en Madrid, en la actualidad la tendencia apunta a aplicar la quimioterapia antes de operar la mama
porque, además de reducir el tamaño del tumor, esta forma de actuar representa un modelo para ensayar los nuevos
tratamientos.
De esta manera, "en el plazo de 5 ó 6 meses" se puede conocer qué ha pasado en la mama con el tratamiento.
Cuando una enferma está recién diagnosticada las metástasis no se ven y cuando se aplica un tratamiento después de
extirpar el tumor se pierde un testigo valioso, que indica si la terapia es efectiva o no.
Está demostrado que las pacientes que con la quimioterapia pre-operatoria tienen una respuesta patológica completa y
en el momento de la cirugía no hay evidencia de enfermedad en la mama ni en la axila tienen una evolución buena.
A juicio del experto, en un plazo de 7 ó 10 años serán capaces de saber si un tratamiento de quimioterapia va a ser
efectivo y no se tratará la enfermedad "a ciegas". Para ello se obtienen impresiones moleculares de los tumores que
http://www.eltiempo.com.ve/noticias/imprimir.asp?id=170914
18/11/2008
El Tiempo - El Periódico del Pueblo Oriental
Página 2 de 2
permitirán saber si necesitan quimioterapia y cual va a ser efectiva.
Sobre las vacunas
Por último, Stanley Plotkin, el científico que desarrolló la vacuna contra la rubeola, cree que a pesar de las
investigaciones para lograr una vacuna contra el cáncer "es muy temprano todavía para hablar de logros", aunque
asegura que se han dado importantes avances como el tratamiento contra el cáncer del cuello de útero.
Este profesor de la Universidad de Pensilvania (EEUU), considerado como un autoridad mundial en el campo de las
vacunas, explica que la vacuna contra el cáncer "está en desarrollo" pero falta "mucho" para lograrla y que en la
actualidad los avances llegan de tratamientos limitados a un tipo de tumor, como el del cuello de útero (cérvix), para el
que se vacuna a adolescentes "aunque el futuro se hará también con las niñas". "Sabemos ya que así podemos
prevenir el cáncer de cérvix y en el futuro se van a añadir más a la vacuna", dijo Plotkin.
Aliada
Stanley Plotkin, que también participó en el desarrollo de las vacunas contra la poliomielitis, la rabia o la varicela, aboga
por la vacunación de niños e insiste en que "no hay evidencia de que se cause problemas al sistema inmunológico".
Cree que el futuro de la investigación es hacerlas eficaces contra los virus del sida, el paludismo. La tuberculosis, el
asma y la diarrea infantil.
SI QUIERE OPINAR SOBRE EL TEMA, HAGA CLICK AQUÍ
http://www.eltiempo.com.ve/noticias/imprimir.asp?id=170914
18/11/2008
Print :- Spanish scientists create 'super-mice' that live 40 per cent longer
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Spanish scientists create 'super-mice' that live 40 per cent longer
Posted on : 2008-11-14 | Author : DPA
News Category : Health
Madrid - Spanish scientists have created "super-mice" that are cancerresistant and live up to 40 per cent longer, media reported Friday. The mice
were subjected to genetic engineering by researchers from the cancer
research centre CNIO and Valencia University.
The key to the experiment was an enzyme called telomerase, which lengthens
chromosome ends known as telomeres.
Telomerase allows cells to keep dividing and is believed to increase longevity,
but it also heightens the risk of cancer.
The mice were genetically engineered to be cancer-resistant while the amount
of telomerase in them was increased.
As a result, the mice had better neuro-muscular coordination, less possibilities
of developing diabetes and healthier tissues at an advanced age than ordinary
mice. They also lived up to 40 per cent longer.
The relation between telomeres and ageing had been known since 1990, but
this was the first time that the life expectancy of an entire organism has been
lengthened, Maria Blasco, director of the study, told the daily El Mundo.
Similar techniques could allow humans to live 120 years, Blasco said. It was
not, however, possible to apply the same method of genetic engineering to
humans, she explained.
The study was published by the magazine Cell.
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© 2008 earthtimes.org. All Rights Reserved.
This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed.
http://www.earthtimes.org/articles/printstory.php?news=241654
14/11/2008
Experts make mice live 45% longer-Health/Sci-The Times of India
1 of 1
http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/msid-3429230,prtpage-1.cms
Printed from
Experts make mice live 45% longer
1 Sep 2008, 0041 hrs IST, AGENCIES
LONDON: Imagine living to a healthy 125 years. Well, your imagination might someday turn into reality, thanks to
scientists who have made a genetic breakthrough that they claim can prolong human life and remove cancer threat.
A team at the Spanish National Cancer Research Centre in Madrid has based its conclusion on tests on rodents, which
made them live nearly 45% longer and also left them free from tumours.
According to the scientists, if the experiments on the mice can be replicated in people, human lifespan could also be
extended as the genes involved exist in both rodents and humans. "The elixir of eternal youth is now not a utopian dream.
The discovery opens the door to (the possibility) that humans could live 125 years and without cancer," the Daily Mail
quoted lead scientist Maria Blasco as saying.
In fact, the scientists achieved their results by inserting an extra copy of three genes - called telomerase, p53 and p16,
already known to be important for longevity and suppressing tumours - into the stem cells of mice. Inserting an extra copy
improved their function in the body because they produced more protein, which made them more active. This helped
telomerase protect chromosomes from shrinking, a process which normally happens naturally as all living creatures age.
And it means p53 and p16 work to prevent cells from mutating and dividing, and therefore preventing cancer, while
producing a good balance of new, healthy cells -the method is "groundbreaking" as the team managed to get extra copies
of both the genes into the mice.
The modified mice were allowed to breed to strengthen their new DNA pattern, which created a group of "supermice" with
longer lifespans and in-built cancer protection.
"When activating p53 and p16 in mice, the incidence of cancer is reduced to practically zero. We don't think the mice lived
longer because they had less cancer but because these genes also protected against ageing," co-scientist Manuel
Serrano said.
The mice are expected to live up to four-and-a-half years though their average lifespan is three years. "This is the
equivalent of humans living to 125," said the scientists.
Top British geneticist Aubrey de Grey called it an ‘extraordinary breakthrough' which scientists had been trying to achieve
for years. He added: "The thing that makes this new is that it's the first time anyone has succeeded in manipulating the
interaction between cancer and aging in a manner that actually succeeds and produces a longer lifespan in mammals than
would exist without intervention."
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Telomerase expression slows aging
Posted on 11-16-2008 11:59:10 by Chris Patil
Original post on Ouroboros
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Somatic cells may divide only a limited number of times before undergoing replicative exhaustion.
Originally mysterious, the Hayflick limit (named after the scientist who first characterized it) is now
understood at a mechanistic level: Each time a cell divides, the telomeres (repetitive DNA
sequences found at the ends of each chromosome) become shorter; critically short telomeres trigger
a permanent growth arrest known as cellular senescence. (Telomere shortening is in itself a
consequence of the physical limitations of template-directed DNA replication; using the inevitable
shortening of chromosome ends as a kind of physiological “clock” is a wonderful example of nature
making a virtue out of necessity.)
Not all cells are mortal, of course: Germ line cells and the pluripotent somatic cells known as stem
cells express telomerase, the enzyme the lengthens telomeres, and thereby sidestep the Hayflick
limit. Stem-ness and germ-ness of a given cell aside, introducing the gene for TERT (the catalytic
subunit of telomerase) appears to be sufficient to confer clonal immortality. Within a tissue,
telomerase-expressing cells provide a theoretically infinite reserve of replacements for other cells
that die due to tissue injury, wear and tear, or even the clonal death resulting from hitting the Hayflick
limit.
Expressing telomerase in a wide variety of somatic cells would therefore seem a tempting strategy
for lifespan extension. Specifically, telomerase expression could prevent any age-related decline in
tissue function can be attributed to decreased regenerative potential.
We know why this is a non-starter, of course. Telomerase is tightly repressed in most somatic cells,
and for a very good reason: What do you call a cell with an unlimited division potential that’s not a
stem cell or germ cell? Usually “cancer.” Even for a tumor cell that has overcome the senescence
checkpoints, the physical rules of DNA replication still apply, and telomeres will shorten every
division until the cell is eating into its own coding DNA. Therefore, it’s essential for an ambitious
young cancer cell to find a way to lengthen its own telomeres; indeed, this problem is significant
enough that it’s considered one of the major steps in tumor progression. In any case, an organism
with widespread telomerase expression in its somatic cells would very likely find itself dealing with
multiple neoplasias — hardly the right animal in which to ask questions about division potential and
lifespan.
But what if cancer couldn’t form for other reasons? In such a case, we could test the hypothesis that
increased regenerative capacity confers increased lifespan. That’s precisely what a multi-lab
collaboration from Spain has done; they find that mice that express TERT in most of their cells live
significantly longer than the wildtype. From TomÃ¡s-Loba et al.:
Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase Delays Aging in Cancer-Resistant Mice
Telomerase confers limitless proliferative potential tomost human cells through its
1 of 2
17/11/08 10:36
The Mprize-Blog Post Detail
http://www.mprize.org/index.php?ctype=news&pagename=blog...
ability to elongate telomeres, the natural ends of chromosomes, which otherwise
would undergo progressive attrition and eventually compromise cell viability. However,
the role of telomerase in organismal aging has remained unaddressed, in part
because of the cancer-promoting activity of telomerase. To circumvent this problem,
we have constitutively expressed telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT), one of the
components of telomerase, in mice engineered to be cancer resistant by means of
enhanced expression of the tumor suppressors p53, p16, and p19ARF. In this context,
TERT overexpression improves the fitness of epithelial barriers, particularly the skin
and the intestine, and produces a systemic delay in aging accompanied by extension
of the median life span. These results demonstrate that constitutive expression of Tert
provides antiaging activity in the context of a mammalian organism.
In mice expressing higher levels of three different tumor suppressors, cancer is essentially unable to
form (one way to think about it is that tumors are delayed longer than the lifespan of the animal). In
these animals, TERT indeed confers increased regenerative capacity and a significant increase in
median lifespan.
Two questions, of many that one might raise:
First, why is the effect only on median lifespan? Inspection of the figures in the paper reveals that
the cancer-resistant/TERT-expressing mice have a 50% survival time that is 20-30% longer than the
wildtype — but by the time all of the oldest wildtype animals have died, so have all of the
painstakingly engineered mutants. The clear implication is that exhaustion of regenerative potential
is more relevant to early-life mortality than late-life mortality — counterintuitive, because one would
expect regenerative failure to get progressively worse as a function of time, and to make an
increasingly important contribution to mortality later in life.
Second: Mouse cells have really long telomeres, and telomerase expression is widespread in mouse
tissues (though not usually at high enough levels to prevent some telomere shortening at every cell
division). It takes mouse TERT knockouts around four generations of homozygosity to even begin to
see a phenotype. Granted, mouse generations are far shorter than mouse lifespans, so this is not
the same as saying that it takes four lifetimes for TERT to make a difference, or for replicatively
senescent cells to begin to appear within a given mouse. But still, it makes me wonder what’s going
on. Could telomerase be doing something else — i.e., something other than lengthening telomeres
— that is particularly important in determining median lifespan?
The Methuselah Foundation is a charitable 501(c)(3) organization; its IRS tax identification number is 54-2040344.
Mprize and Methuselah Foundation are registered trademarks of the Methuselah Foundation.
PO Box 1143, Lorton, VA, 22199-1143, Ph. (202) 306-0989
[email protected]
2 of 2
17/11/08 10:36
Zellen gegen das Altern entdeckt: Gesundheit aktuell
Página 1 de 2
News-Archiv
Zellen gegen das Altern entdeckt
Spanische Forscher vom Nationalen Spanischen Krebsforschungszentrum (CNIO) in Madrid haben
eine genveränderte Maus geschaffen, die länger lebt und weniger krebsanfällig ist. Hauptbestandteil
der Arbeit war die Rolle des Enzyms Telomerase. Die Telomerase schützen die Zellen vor dem
Altern, fördern aber zugleich die Tumorbildung. Die Forscher kombinierten nun zwei Eigenschaften.
Sie veränderten die Aktivität eines Telomerase-Gens und verstärkten zugleich die Arbeit mehrerer
Gene, die vor Krebs schützen. Das Ergebnis ist: Die Mäuse leben um 40 Prozent länger und sind
unempfindlicher gegen Krebsauslöser. Beim Menschen sind solche Manipulationen noch nicht
möglich. Die Industrie forscht zur zeit an Telomerase-Medikamenten, die kürzer gewordene
Telomere in den Zellen nachwachsen lassen sollen. Die Zellen altern dann langsamer. Wann
Medikamente dieser Art auf den Markt kommen steht noch nicht fest.
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'Supermice' That can Resist Cancer and Ageing Developed
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'Supermice' That can Resist Cancer and Ageing Developed
In a breakthrough study, Spanish scientists have created a genetically modified
'supermice' that can resist cancer and which age almost half as fast as other mice.
The research team from Valencia University modified the genes of the mice to make them
resistant to cancer and slow down aging by increasing the amount of a particular protein
called telomerase.
Previous studies had shown that attempts to increase the amount of the protein in mice
made them more vulnerable to cancer.
In the new study, the researchers modified the genes of the mice in such away that made
it resistant to the disease.
The resulting mice were found to have better muscle in old age, healthier skin tissue and
fewer digestion problems.
The mice aged 40 per cent slower than those whose genes have not been modified.
"By simultaneously increasing the amounts of telomerase and the resistance to cancer we
are able to delay ageing in mice and also to extend their life span by 40 per cent," the
Telegraph quoted Maria A. Blasco, lead researcher from the Spanish National Cancer
Research Centre (CNIO).
"These mice get to live for as long as the eldest mice in records of the same kind,
"If we were to parallel it to humans, then it would mean reaching 120 years of age and
also to start ageing much later in life," she added.
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Udany test eliksiru długowieczności - Ciekawostki - Fakty w INTERIA.PL
Página 1 de 1
Udany test eliksiru długowieczności
Poniedziałek, 17 listopada (06:31)
Odporną na nowotwory supermysz stworzyli hiszpańscy naukowcy. Przy okazji udało się gryzoniowi przedłuży
Gdyby tę samą terapię zastosować wobec ludzi, przeciętna długość naszego życia wyniosłaby 120 lat, donosi
Maria A. Blasco z hiszpańskiego Narodowego Centrum Badań nad Rakiem (CNIO) oraz jej uczeni koledzy z uniwersyt
zmodyfikowali geny supermyszy, że ta przestała być podatna na raka. Przy okazji genetycznie zwiększono w organizm
zwanego telomerazą, od którego zależne jest, jak szybko zużywają się komórki. Spowodowało to, że ciało supermyszy
o połowę wolniej niż organizm gryzoni, których struktury genowej nie modyfikowano.
Od połowy lat 90. zeszłego wieku uczeni wiedzą, że sekret starzenia się naszego organizmu ukryty jest w proteinie zw
Enzym ten wspomaga regenerację komórek, pozwalając ciału być długo młodym. Niestety wraz z wiekiem telomeraza
słabiej aktywuje procesy odmładzania komórek. Wcześniejsze manipulacje przy telomerazie myszy (skłaniające ją do u
okazały się nieudane, bo namnażanie tego białka sprzyjało też powstawaniu nowotworów. Aktywność enzymu wydłuża
bowiem z reguły znacznie większa w szybko rozrastających się komórkach rakowych.
Z raportu opublikowanego w magazynie naukowym "Cell" wynika, że modyfikowana genetycznie mysz w starszym wie
mięśnie, zdrowszą skórę i sprawniej działający układ trawienia.
- Przez jednoczesne zwiększenie ilości telomerazy i odporności na raka byliśmy w stanie obronić mysz przed starzenie
o 40 proc. - twierdzi Maria A. Blasco z CNIO.
Przy okazji sam początek procesu starzenia się organizmu mocno opóźniono, czyli wydłużono dojrzały, w pełni sprawn
Koleżanka Hiszpanki ze Stanów Zjednoczonych, Rita Effors z University of California, stara się z kolei zmusić telomera
aktywności nie modyfikacjami genowymi, ale wyciągiem z korzeni rośliny o nazwie traganek. Zioło to od dawna jest wy
chińską medycynę tradycyjną do pobudzania układu odpornościowego. W Polsce dziko rośnie około dziesięciu odmian
Astrogalus).
Ekstrakt z traganka wytwarzany jako lek o nazwie TAT2 przez firmę Geron Corporation z Kalifornii spowalnia skracanie
wydłuża zdolność komórek do podziału i wzmaga odporność antywirusową.
Rita Effors uważa, że środek TAT2 nie tylko aktywuje telomerazę i wydłuża życie, ale może również skutecznie walczy
przyjmowany jako suplement razem z lekami antywirusowymi.
Wielkim zwolennikiem i propagatorem badań nad telomerazą jest Aubrey de Grey z Fundacji Matuzalema, który od lat
przyszłe pokolenia będą żyć znacznie dłużej niż obecnie.
- To jest coś, co niesie nam nadzieję. Uważamy, że kiedyś uda nam się tak zaktywować telomerazę w komórkach, że w
funkcjonowania komórek. I nasze życie - komentuje ostatnie badania nad telomerazą de Grey.
Odmładzanie psów metodą terapii genowej niebawem zaproponują kliniki weterynaryjne w USA. - Jesteśmy już w osta
wszelkich zezwoleń. Genowa kuracja poprawy siły mięśni, witalności i wytrzymałości u leciwych psów przeszła już prób
Lee Sweeney z University of Pennsylvania. Pies na życzenie swego właściciela otrzyma do wątroby zastrzyk składnika
w genach produkcję myostatyny. To białko hamujące u ludzi i zwierząt przyrost mięśni.
Ta sama metoda mogłaby być użyta do leczenia ludzi chorych np. na dystrofię mięśni.
INTERIA.PL/Polska
Copyright © 1999-2008 INTERIA.PL S.A. Wszystkie prawa zastrzeżone. Korzystanie z portalu oznacza akceptację
http://fakty.interia.pl/ciekawostki/news/udany-test-eliksiru-dlugowiecznosci,1211976,... 18/11/2008
'Supermuizen' leven langer - FOK!
1 of 1
http://frontpage.fok.nl/nieuws/print/102582
'Supermuizen' leven langer
Gepost door: Pieter (Chancard)
Bron: De Morgen, Telegraph.co.uk
Gepubliceerd op: vrijdag 14 november 2008 @ 21:02 op frontpage.fok.nl
Spaanse wetenschappers zijn erin geslaagd 'supermuizen' te creëren. De genetisch gemanipuleerde muizen zijn bestand tegen kanker
en leven langer dan hun niet-gemanipuleerde soortgenoten.
Een enzyme genaamd telomerase speelt een centrale rol in het experiment. Telomerase zorgt ervoor dat de uiteinden van chromosomen
verlengd worden. Daardoor kunnen cellen langer blijven delen, wat de leeftijd van de muizen zou moeten verlengen. Wetenschappers
moesten echter ook vaststellen dat muizen die blootgesteld werden aan grotere hoeveelheden telomerase sneller kanker ontwikkelen.
Nu hebben wetenschappers van het Spaanse instituut voor kankeronderzoek CNIO de muizen eerst door middel van genetische manipulatie
resistent gemaakt tegen kanker voor ze het onderzoek uitvoerden. Het is al geruime tijd bekend dat muizen immuun kunnen gemaakt worden
tegen kanker.
Het resultaat: de muizen zijn resistent tegen kanker en leven tot veertig procent langer. "Gelijkaardige technieken zouden ervoor kunnen
zorgen dat mensen 120 jaar oud worden", aldus een van de onderzoekers. Het is echter voorlopig nog niet mogelijk om dezelfde methode
voor genetische manipulatie toe te passen op mensen, legde ze uit.
© 1999-2008 FOK!
17/11/08 12:12
Vilt
1 of 1
http://www.vilt.be/nieuwsarchief/print.phtml?id=19971
Transgene supermuis leeft helft langer
15/11/2008
Spaanse wetenschappers zijn erin geslaagd een 'supermuizen' te creëren die niet
alleen gegarandeerd kankervrij zijn maar ook voor bijna de helft langer leven dan
hun soortgenoten. Als de levensduur van deze genetisch gemanipuleerde muizen in
mensenleeftijd wordt omgezet, worden ze 120 jaar. De muizen kwamen tot stand
dankzij de samenwerking van specialisten uit het Spaanse Instituut voor
Kankerstudies en hun collega's van de universiteit van Valencia.
De vorsers wijzigden eerst de genen van de muizen om ze resistent te maken tegen
kanker. Daarna verhoogden ze bij de diertjes de hoeveelheid van het speciale
enzymn telomerase dat de veroudering van cellen kan tegengaan. Daardoor werd
hun verouderingsproces met veertig procent vertraagd omdat het enzym hun cellen herstelde zodat ze langer
'jong' bleven.
De nieuw gecreëerde muizen blijken nu op gevorderde leeftijd betere spieren te hebben, een gezonder
huidweefsel en een betere stofwisseling. Het positieve resultaat is een veertig procent langere levensduur.
Teamleidster van de vorsers, Maria Blasco: "Onze resultaten bij muizen zullen ook de schoonheidsindustrie
interesseren, want die is zeer geboeid door de mogelijkheden van het enzym telomerase om
ouderdomsverschijnselen te behandelen".(KS)
Bron: Het Belang van Limburg
Eerdere berichtgeving over transgene dieren:
23/9/08: FDA werkt aan regels voor transgene landbouwdieren
17/11/08 12:09
Spaanse wetenschappers creëren 'supermuizen' | Gezondheid.blog.nl
2 of 4
http://gezondheid.blog.nl/actualiteiten/2008/11/15/spaanse-wetenschappe...
Spaanse wetenschappers creëren 'supermuizen'
15 November 2008 11:49: Sonja Crielaard
De medische wetenschap kan enorm veel en soms
vind ik dat een beetje eng. Als ik lees dat Spaanse
wetenschappers erin geslaagd zijn om
‘supermuizen’ te creëren, die bestand zijn tegen
kanker en 40% langer leven, dan weet ik niet of
we daar blij mee moeten zijn.
De sleutel van het experiment was een enzyme met de naam
telomerase. Hierdoor worden de uiteinden van de chromosomen
verlengd. Daardoor kunnen cellen blijven delen en dat zou ervoor
zorgen dat de levensduur wordt verlengd.
Het risico op kanker wordt hierdoor echter wel groter. De muizen
werden daarom genetisch gemanipuleerd om bestand te zijn
tegen kanker.
Volgens de onderzoekers kunnen gelijkaardige technieken ervoor
zorgen dat mensen 120 jaar oud kunnen worden. Godzijdank was
het niet mogelijk – zo lieten de onderzoekers weten – om dezelfde
methode voor genetische manipulatie toe te passen op mensen……
Andere Blog.nl berichten
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TVNET - Investigadores criam rato resistente ao cancro
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Investigadores criam rato resistente ao cancro
A investigação tornou os ratos mais resistentes ao cancro e com
capacidade de viver até mais tarde.
17:11 NATO pede mudanças no Afeganistão
16:53 Assaltava bancos de óculos escuros e de chap...
16:47 BP vai descer o preço da gasolina em 2 cênti...
16:34 Sporting preparado para conquistar três pont...
Um grupo de investigadores espanhóis, criaram um rato resistente ao cancro, mais saudável e
com capacidade de viver 40% a mai s do que os outros.
Neste trabalho, publicado na revista norte americana Cell, participaram cientistas do Centro
Nacional de Investigações Oncológicos (CNIO) e um grupo de investigadores valencianos.
Maria Blasco, principal autora do estudo explicou que, para conseguir estes resultados,
aumentou a enzi ma Telomersa resistente ao cancro.
16:22 Príncipe Carlos vai ter festa "cigana"
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"Aumentámos a q uantidade de Telomerasa e também a quantidade de genes que os p rotegem
contra o cancro"
afirmou a investigadora do CNIO.
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efectuá-lo nos humanos, nós po deríamos envelhecer muito mais tarde e chegar a viver até
aos 120 anos", afirmou Maria Blasco.
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En humanos, eso supondrнa extender la vida media hasta los 115 o 120 aсos
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En humanos, eso supondrнa extender la vida media hasta los
115 o 120 aсos
14 Nov 2008
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Un equipo de especialistas del Centro Nacional de
Investigaciones Oncolуgicas (CNIO) ha dado un paso que
puede ser clave para lograr vivir durante mбs tiempo y en
buenas condiciones fнsicas, retrasando los achaques propios
de la edad. Estos expertos han conseguido crear en
laboratorio ratones que viven hasta un 40% mбs que sus
congйneres, y tardan mбs tiempo en envejecer.
El mйtodo empleado por los cientнficos del CNIO, liderados
por Marнa Blasco, para obtener estos roedores consiste en
aumentar los niveles de una enzima, la telomerasa, que
incrementa la capacidad reproductora de las cйlulas gracias a
su habilidad para alargar los telуmeros, los extremos finales
de los cromosomas (que son 40 en el ratуn y 46 en el ser
humano).
Desde principios de los aсos 90 se sabe que existe una estrecha relaciуn entre los telуmeros y el
envejecimiento. Su longitud se va reduciendo con cada nueva replicaciуn celular. Cuando los telуmeros
finalmente desaparecen, las cйlulas pierden la capacidad de reproducirse y el organismo envejece sin
remedio.
Pero la telomerasa tambiйn tiene la propiedad, unida a la acciуn de determinados genes, de facilitar el
desarrollo del cбncer. Por eso, los investigadores tambiйn aumentaron en los ratones el nъmero de genes
resistentes al cбncer. El resultado fue un ratуn sano y que viviу un 40% mбs que los demбs.
Blasco considera "muy probable" que los resultados con ratones sean extrapolables a humanos. "Eso
significarнa aumentar la vida media de los humanos hasta los 115 o 120 aсos. Ese tiempo extra de vida
serнa, ademбs, saludable", asegura la investigadora.
Source: consumer.es
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Pożar w centrum Warszawy
(film: Lester24)
Página 1 de 8
Tagi: zwierzęta, nauk
Będziemy żyli dłużej? Mysz
już może
NAUKOWCY DWUKROTNIE PRZEDŁUŻYLI ŻYCIE GRYZONIOWI
Około sto osób ewakuowano z
biurowca Atrium w Warszawie...
Kierowca wpadł do sklepu.
Dosłownie (film: Internauta
Jakub)
Jedna osoba została ranna w
wypadku, do którego doszło...
Naukowcy dwukrotnie przedłużyli życie gryzoniowi
Doszczętnie spłonęła hala
tartaku
Potężny pożar w Stradomii
Wierzchniej na Dolnym Śląsku....
Szkło kontaktowe
Naukowcy stworzyli "supermysz" - zwierzę odporne na raka i żyjące
prawie dwa razy dłużej, niż normalni przedstawiciele gatunku. Gdyby
pracowali nad "superczłowiekiem" żyłby on 120 lat!
Na początku badacze zmodyfikowali geny myszy powodując, że stała się ona odporna
na nowotwory. Gdy już tego dokonali, genetycznie zwiększyli ilość białka - telomerazy
- w organizmie zwierzęcia, które spowalnia "starzenie się" komórek.
Rezultatem jest mysz starzejąca się o 40 proc. wolniej niż myszy niezmodyfikowane.
"Enzym młodości"
Koledzy z opozycji
Wspólny głos Grzegorza
Napieralskiego i Sebastiana...
Fot. archiwum
Telomeraza-enzym rybonukleoproteinowy
jest (w ogromnym uproszczeniu) białkiem
związanym z procesem starzenia się
komórek. Każdy chromosom w komórce
zakończony jest tzw. telomerem. Gdy
komórka się dzieli, telomery się skracają
aż do momentu, gdy nie jest to możliwe i
komórka umiera.
Mysz otrzymała dodatkową telomerazę, w
ten sposób dobudowano odcinek nici
DNA, pomagając komórkom regenerować się.
Jeśli by przełożyć
wyniki badania na ludzi,
oznaczało by to osiągnięcie
wieku 120 lat i opóźnienie
rozpoczęcia starzenia
się.
Maria A. Blasco, Narodowe Centrum
Badań nad Nowotworami w
Hiszpanii (CNIO)
http://www.tvn24.pl/26086,1573053,0,1,bedziemy-zyli-dluzej-mysz-juz-moze,wiado...
18/11/2008
Będziemy żyli dłużej? Mysz już może - Michałki - Informacje - portal TVN24.pl - ...
Uosobienie niewinności
Poseł Sławomir Nitras nic nie wie o
marihuanie. Tylko...
Zawieszenie broni?
Tematy referatów, które Janusz
Palikot chce wygłosić w...
Niestety, wraz ze wzrostem ilości enzymu,
laboratoryjne myszy stawały się bardziej
podatne na nowotwory (u chorych na raka
poziom telomerazy jest podwyższony).
Dlatego zanim zaaplikowano zwierzętom
białko, uodporniono je na raka.
Eksperyment został opublikowany w
czasopiśmie Cell.
Página 2 de 8
Wyleczyli chorego z HIV
Przeszczepiony szpik kostny uleczył
pacjenta zakażonego wirusem HIV.
Doktor... czytaj więcej »
Nowa mysz
Myszy "stworzone" przez badaczy miały lepsze mięśnie mimo zaawansowanego
wieku, zdrowszą skórę i mniej problemów z trawieniem pożywienia. - Podnosząc
jednocześnie ilość telomerazy i odporność na nowotwory, byliśmy w stanie przedłuży
życie myszy o 40 procent - powiedziała Maria A. Blasco z hiszpańskiego Narodowego
Centrum Badań nad Nowotworami (CNIO), która prowadziła badanie wraz z
zespołem z Uniwersytetu w Walencji. - Te myszy żyły tyle, ile najstarsi
przedstawiciele tego gatunku.
Blasco wierzy, że odkrycie może być szczególnie interesujące dla przemysłu
kosmetycznego.
Badania trwają
Ciężkie życie opozycji
O tym, na co narażeni są posłowie
opozycji opowiada...
"Supermysz" z Hiszpanii nie jest jednak
pierwszym tego typu dokonaniem. W
2007 roku naukowcy z Uniwersytetu w
Kentucky (USA) ogłosili stworzenie myszy
odpornej na najbardziej złośliwe typy
nowotworów (za pomocą genu "Par-4").
Stwierdzili wtedy, że istnieje szansa na
przełom w leczeniu nowotworów za
pomocą zmodyfikowanego genetycznie
szpiku kostnego.
Od myszy do supermyszy
Pierwszą uodpornioną na raka mysz stworzono już pod koniec XX wieku.
sm/iga
Zaraźliwość
Andrzej Lepper przejmuje pałeczkę
podczas Magazynu 24...
Więcej na ten temat
Oceń wagę:
Twój pies głosowałby na Obamę
Średnia waga:
Terier Busha pogryzł dziennikarza
Tylko małpa trafnie typuje
Owca z dwiema głowami
Powiadom znajomego
Drukuj artykuł
Komorowski kokietuje
Marszałek Komorowski nie chce
zdradzić swoich planów...
Nowe wideo
Podyskutuj (38)
Ma dwa imiona, bo ma dwie głowy
+ Dodaj komentarz
16.11.2008 | ~prześmiewca
Podstawą jest by się nie przejadać, oddychać
powietrzem a ...
... nie gazem wielkomiejskim i unikać pożywienia ekologicznego promowanego
jako "zdrowa żywność", ponieważ w tej nazwie kryje się odwrotność. Nie
słuchać ...
Zobacz wszystki
Uwięziona w mieszkaniu
Miało nie być barier. Tak
przynajmniej zapewniali panią...
http://www.tvn24.pl/26086,1573053,0,1,bedziemy-zyli-dluzej-mysz-juz-moze,wiado...
18/11/2008

Scientists: Enzyme May Have Fountain of Youth Effect

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