11 wigs and hair additions - Thrust

11
WIGS AND HAIR ADDITIONS
CONNECTING THEORY
TO REAL-WORLD PRACTICE
DEVELOPING SKILL AND SENSITIVITY IN WORKING WITH WIGS, HAIRPIECES AND HAIR ADDITIONS WILL HELP YOU:
PERSONAL CONNECTION:
IMPROVE YOURSELF
INDUSTRY CONNECTION:
BECOME A PROFESSIONAL
CLIENT CONNECTION:
SERVE THE GUEST
Appreciate the value these products
bring to people with serious needs
and to design originality
Exemplify versatility in hair artistry
and client care
Address a wide array of client care
needs, from bold looks to solutions
for concealing hair loss
11.1 WIGS AND HAIRPIECES
HISTORY
COMPOSITION, COLORS AND CONSTRUCTION
WIG AND HAIRPIECE ESSENTIALS
INFECTION CONTROL AND SAFETY
WIG AND HAIR ADDITION SERVICE ESSENTIALS
WIG SERVICES
HAIRPIECES
11.2 H AIR ADDITIONS
HAIR ADDITION METHODS
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THE ABILITY TO OFFER A
FULL RANGE OF WIGS AND
HAIR ADDITIONS WILL
HELP CLIENTS WITH SPECIAL
HAIR NEEDS LOOK AND
FEEL THEIR BEST
WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW:
Why clients wear wigs and hairpieces
The composition, colors and construction of wigs and hairpieces
Professional wig services performed in the salon
Five methods of attaching hair additions
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11
smartNOTES
11.1 WIGS AND HAIRPIECES
PAGES 3
83,
386-387
WIGS AND HAIRPIECES
COMPOSITION, COLORS
AND CONSTRUCTION
STRUCTURE
COMPOSITION
COLORS
CONSTRUCTION
WIG COMPOSITION
MODACRYLIC FIBERS
WIG CONSTRUCTION
CAP WIGS
CAPLESS WIGS
WEFTS
Hair and/or synthetic fibers may attach to the wig cap or base in one of 3 methods:
hand-tied, machine-made, or semi-hand tied
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smartNOTES
11.1 WIGS AND HAIRPIECES
WIG SERVICES
WIG MEASUREMENT AND FITTING
FITTING GUIDELINES
PUTTING ON A WIG GUIDELINES
WIG BLOCKING GUIDELINES
1.
Circumference:
2.
Forehead to Nape:
3.
Temple to Temple:
4.
Ear to Ear:
1
FIRST:
2
THEN:
3
NOW:
4
FINALLY:
•
•
•
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WIGS AND HAIR ADDITIONS
PAGES 3
90-392
11
smartNOTES
11.1 WIGS AND HAIRPIECES
CUSTOMIZING OR FITTING A WIG
PAGES 3
93-397
Dart
Tuck
STRETCHING OR
SHRINKING CAP WIGS
CLEANING AND CONDITIONING
STRETCHING
SHRINKING
Human-hair wigs and synthetic wigs require slightly different methods of cleaning
and conditioning
DIFFERENCES
HUMAN HAIR
SYNTHETIC HAIR
COLORING SERVICES
SCULPTING
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smartNOTES
11.1 WIGS AND HAIRPIECES
PAGES 3
98-402
SETTING AND FINISHING
ALERT!
HAIRPIECES
Don’t put synthetic wigs and hairpieces under a dryer; excessive heat can melt fiber.
Fill in the missing elements for the chart
WHAT IS IT?
HOW IS IT USED?
WIGLET
CASCADE
FALL
SWITCH
CHIGNON
CURL SEGMENT
BRAID
INTEGRATION PIECE
TOUPEES
GUIDELINES FOR MEASURING
1.
2.
3.
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WIGS AND HAIR ADDITIONS
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smartNOTES
11.2 HAIR ADDITIONS
PAGES 4
03-410
DIFFERENCES
HAIR ADDITIONS
WIGS
HAIR ADDITION METHODS
OFF-THE-SCALP BRAIDING,
LOOSE HAIR/FIBER
ON-THE-SCALP BRAIDING
LOOSE HAIR/FIBER
TRACK AND SEW
TRACKING
SEWING METHODS
BONDING
DIFFERENCES
WEFTS
STRAND-BY-STRAND
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WORD FIND
In the word find, circle the words listed below. Words are listed forward, backward and diagonally.
Listings that have punctuation or two words are found without punctuation or spacing in the puzzle.
How many of these words can you define?
SDKCARTRPJGCAMHET IAOLEMHVAXP
OF F SCALPOASOEQOXOZJ ANDLR I NGL
KC L Z P XHU N SW I TC HD P GN I KCOLB THD
THAMUWIGSTCONRGLAVOAHTNKZLGV
G I VSHJNHC XL TQT FT SCURLSEGMENT
PGOKCZSU AMOUEMANA UR XFMHPQG I F
DNVSVABTLUALKHLPZQGYNTUVNFBU
MOFNMLDDPAGVWTLHTHNHLATSDSMJ
SNB JGNPE G I XNEE TOV ZPOK I QKVDOS
HL VOZ FENWKP JSA EDAMEN I HCAMNCP
GD I ARBSYBYGSYNTHE T I CTPDSGJKN
YWEFTSDPGSNAZDNHDUPAGJ FTA FCS
HPDVYKFHA I RP I ECE SDX PKNUSPSAY
NS YHBYDJ DPQXGNVD F SH ET I AOL YBN
JUMP START BOX
WIGS
MODACRYLICS
CAPLESS
WIGLET
CASCADE
BRAID
MSDS
SYNTHETIC
MACHINE MADE
TOUPEE
CHIGNON
OFF SCALP
J AND L RING
SEW
BLOCKING
FALL
WEFTS
ON SCALP
HAIRPIECES
CAP
BACKCOMBING
SWITCH
CURL SEGMENT
TRACK
TALKING POINTS
Your next challenge is to be ready to talk about some of the important ideas in this chapter. Follow the directions listed
next to each box. Then practice talking about your ideas with others.
List three famous people from the past that you know
wore wigs. Discuss the role wigs played in that society.
List the feelings you imagine could be associated with
hair loss. Circle the one that would be more difficult for
you to empathize with as a salon professional.
Explain how you would add a hairpiece to this design to
create a more dramatic effect.
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11
THE CHALLENGE
Now it’s time to see how well you know your new material. First answer these questions. Then use the Memory Box that
follows to check yourself.
1. Wigs
have been worn by men and women since the beginning of recorded history. Wigs are made of
,
,
or a blend of each.
2. Explain
how to tell the difference between human hair and modacrylic (synthetic) wig fibers if you are uncertain
of what the wig is made.
3. All
the colors used for wigs are standardized according to the
ring.
4. TRUE
colors on the
or FALSE Wigs known as “machine-made” consist of hair fiber sewn into long strips called wefts.
5. When
performing wig services, it is important that the size of the wig is not compromised. Canvas-covered wig forms,
called
, are available in many sizes for use during these services.
6. Ready-to-wear
wigs may need to be altered to fit the client. An alteration made vertically to remove width in
the nape area is a
, and an alteration made horizontally to shorten a wig from the front to the
nape is a
.
7. TRUE
or FALSE A synthetic wig should not be put under a dryer because heat from the dryer can distort
the curl patterns.
8. TRUE
or FALSE Human-hair wigs or hairpieces will need to be cleaned more often than those made with synthetic fibers.
9. Synthetic
wigs are pre-designed with predetermined
patterns.
10. Hairpieces
are worn for coverage in specific areas or simply to create particular effects. Name as many types of
hairpieces you can think of.
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MEMORY BOX
Look up each answer on the corresponding page in the Cosmetology Fundamentals coursebook. Check “GOT
IT” for all correct answers and “NOT YET” for all incorrect responses. Record all of your correct responses
in the “I KNOW” column. After correcting incorrect answers, record all of your corrected responses in the “I
NEED TO STUDY” column. That way you know exactly what to review before continuing in this Study Guide.
KNOW CHART
GOT IT
1
PAGE 386
2
PAGE 386
3
PAGE 386
4
PAGE 387
5
PAGE 392
6
PAGE 393
7
PAGE 394
8
PAGE 394
9
PAGE 398
10
PAGES 398-400
NOT YET
I KNOW
KNOWLEDGE GRID
I NEED TO STUDY
Start at the top of the Knowledge Grid and work your way down, answering each question to check your
understanding of Chapter 11, Wigs and Hair Additions. The questions found here will help you deepen your
understanding, build self-confidence and increase your awareness of different ways of thinking about a subject.
KNOW
List the three methods in which
hair and/or synthetic fibers may be
attached to the wig cap or base.
COMPREHEND
Identify the guidelines for properly
fitting a wig to a client’s particular
head size and shape.
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APPLY
Offer an example of a hairpiece
that is worn primarily as a braid
or ponytail.
ANALYZE
Analyze the use of a tuck as
compared to a dart in customizing
or fitting a wig.
SYNTHESIZE
In your own words, describe
one of the “giveaways” of a poorly
fitted toupee.
EVALUATE
State your opinion why it is
necessary to perform a patch
test prior to the application of
bonded hair additions.
SHOW YOU KNOW
The chapter you just reviewed, “Wigs and Hair Additions,” offers information to assist you in reaching the level of
performance indicated by these Industry Standards:
I. Participating in industry-related shows and educational seminars
II. Subscribing to cosmetology journals and professional organizations
III. Taking appropriate measures to protect personal health
Using the information you have gained from this chapter on wigs and hair additions, identify the famous
silhouettes shown below:
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BRAIN CONDITIONER
Multiple choice. Circle the correct answer.
1. Which of the following items are designed to cover the entire head?
a.wigs
b.hairpieces
c. wiglets
d.cascades
2. Human-hair wigs are generally of what origin?
a. African
b. South American d. Asian or European
c. Canadian
3. How many different colors are there on the J and L color ring for wigs and hairpieces?
a.30
b.50
c. 70
d.90
4. Fantasy hairpieces, theatrical wigs or wigs meant to be worn by display mannequins are most often made of:
a. human hair
b. synthetic fibers
c. animal hair
d. plastic
5. What type of wig or hairpiece is considered the most expensive?
a.hand-tied
b.machine-tied
c. semi-hand tied
6. Capless wigs are cool, comfortable and:
a. very heavy
c. uncomfortable
d.flammable
b. available in several sizes
d. weigh only a few ounces
7. To create a sturdy, natural-looking, reasonably priced product, the best toupees are:
a. machine-tied
b. hand-tied
c. semi-hand tied
d. made of animal hair
8. Which of the following characteristics does NOT describe a cap wig?
a. available in several sizes
b. produced most often as handmade
c. consists of an elasticized mesh-fiber base
d. consists of rows of hair wefts sewn to elastic
9. How many different sizes of wig blocks are available?
a.2
b.4
c. 6
d.8
10. A vertical alteration to remove width in the nape area is called a:
a.dart
b.tuck
c. vertical tuck
d.seam
11. A horizontal alteration made to remove width in the nape area of a wig is called a:
a.dart
b.tuck
c. nip
d.vertical tuck
12. What do you need to do before stretching a cap wig?
a. put it in the dryer
b. spray the inside of the cap with hot water
c. put it in refrigerator
d. color it to match your client’s hair
13. Depending on the frequency worn, how often should a human-hair wig or hairpiece be cleaned?
a. 1 to 2 weeks
b. 2 to 4 weeks
c. 4 to 6 weeks
d. 6 to 8 weeks
14. Coloring procedures used on human-hair wigs or hairpieces can include all of the following procedures EXCEPT:
a. temporary rinses
b. semi-permanent colors
c. high-level (lighter) oxidative colors
d. fillers or low-level (darker) oxidative colors
15. The majority of thinning near the base of a wig is done to:
a. provide volume
b. decrease bulk
c. form wispy ends
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d. prevent frizzing
11
16. Which hair addition is made up of hair fibers 6" or less in length attached to a round-shaped, flat base?
a.wiglet
b.chignon
c. switch
d.curl segment
17. A hairpiece consisting of long hair fiber attached to an oblong-shaped dome base is called a:
a.wiglet
b.fall
c. cascade
d.switch
18. A hairpiece worn primarily by a man to cover bald or thinning hair spots on top of the head is called a:
a.braid
b.toupee
c. fall
d.chignon
19. What type of hairpiece consists of individual pieces of curly hair worn to create a particular fashion look?
a.braid
b.curl segment
c. chignon
d.switch
20. A hairpiece with a base that covers the crown, occipital and nape areas is called a:
a.switch
b.chignon
c. braid
d.fall
21. A fairly long, bulky segment of looped hair usually sewn to a wire base or tied into a strong cord is called a:
a.switch
b.curl segment
c. chignon
d.toupee
22. Which hairpiece requires a plastic impression of the client’s head?
a.cascade
b.toupee
c. braid
d.fall
23. Loose hair fiber intended for attachment to a client’s own hair is called a:
a.hair addition
b.fall
c. wiglet
d.cascade
24. What is used as a support structure for hair wefts in a track-and-sew hair addition?
a. a 2-strand twist
b. a 3-strand off-the-scalp braid
c. a 3-strand on-the-scalp braid
d. any off-the-scalp braids
25. Which method of applying hair additions requires a patch test?
a.sewing
b.braiding
c. bonding
d.stitching
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FINAL REVIEW
Check your answers as you did before. Place a check mark next to the page number for any incorrect answer. On the
lines on the next page, jot down topics that you still need to review.
1. PAGE 3 83
10.
PAGE 3 93
18. PAGE 3 99
2. PAGE 3 86
11. PAGE 3 93
19. PAGE 3 99
3. PAGE 3 86
12. PAGE 3 94
20. PAGE 3 99
4. PAGE 3 86
13. PAGE 3 94
21. PAGE 3 99
5. PAGE 3 87
14. PAGE 3 96
22. PAGE 4 01
6. PAGE 3 87
15. PAGE 3 97
23. PAGE 4 03
7.
PAGE 3 87
16. PAGE 3 98
24. PAGE 4 06
8.
PAGE 3 87
17. PAGE 3 98
25. PAGE 4 08
9.
PAGE 3 92
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Notes to Myself
Experts tell us that it is important to summarize your feelings and reactions about what you are learning. Note
especially things that surprised you, things you found difficult to learn, suggestions and ideas you received from
friends that helped make learning this chapter easier and more enjoyable.
MY REFLECTIONS ABOUT WIGS AND HAIR ADDITIONS
Things to Do
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WIG AND HAIR ADDITIONS REVIEW
HISTORY
COMPOSITION, COLORS
AND CONSTRUCTION
WIGS AND
HAIRPIECES
WIG AND HAIRPIECE
ESSENTIALS
INFECTION CONTROL
AND SAFETY
WIG AND HAIR ADDITION
SERVICE ESSENTIALS
WIG SERVICES
HAIRPIECES
HAIR ADDITION METHODS
HAIR ADDITIONS
• The popularity of wigs has risen and fallen
according to trends, fashions and even politics
• Composed of human hair or modacrylic fiber
• J and L color ring is used for color selection
• Two categories of construction:
• Cap wigs – elasticized mesh-fiber base
• Capless wigs – wefts sewn to strips of elastic
• A successful wig service depends on:
• Understanding how wigs are made and the type
of materials used to make them, along with
potential color selections
• Organizing the proper implements, supplies
and equipment
• Practicing infection control procedures
• Ensuring an exceptional guest experience:
Connect, Consult, Create and Complete
• A successful wig service includes measurement
and fitting, blocking, customizing, cleaning and
conditioning, coloring, sculpting and designing
• Wiglets, cascades, falls, switches, chignons, curl
segments, braids, and toupees
• Loose fibers are attached to the base of the client’s
own hair and are used to achieve added length,
density, texture and color
• Popular methods include:
• Off-the-Scalp Braiding, Loose Hair/Fiber
• On-the-Scalp Braiding, Loose Hair/Fiber
• Track and Sew
• Bonding – Wefts
• Bonding – Strand by Strand (Fusion Method)
GROW WHAT YOU KNOW
Discuss what you learned about each of these topics.
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