Lessons from JICA`s Support in Tohoku by Mr. Kozo Nagami, JICA

2013/6/21
JICA Reconstruction Assistance for
Higashimatsushima
1

Integrating the “New” and “Old”


“New”: Industry promotion, Employment promotion, Attracting
enterprises, High-order industrialization, Renewable energy
development, Sustainable reconstruction.
“Old”: Maintaining community, Mutual help, Social welfare, Safety
and Security.
『新』
『旧』
バランスのとれた融合
東松島市「復興まちづくり計画」p.57
http://www.city.higashimatsushima.miyagi.jp/kakuka/fukko/doc/HMfukkoplan.pdf
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Tohoku Tsunami
Affected Areas
Iw ate
Miyagi
Co-Creation
of New
Society
Disaster Prone
Areas/Nations
Reconstruction
Lessons
Learned
Mutual
Reconstruction Cycle
JICA = Node
Fukushima
Reconstruction
Lessons
Learned
Co-Creation
of New
Society
Higashi-Matsushima City

Population 43,142（as of 3/1/2011） ⇒ 40,752


Dead and Missing 1,063（as of 1/31/2012）
10,986 houses damaged or destroyed（72.7％）
ISHINOMAKI
SENDAI
Pop 43,000
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5
Higashimatsushima Organization for Progress
and E (economy education energy) (HOPE)
With new value creation and wise choices,
people feel happy for a century ahead and
continue to realize regional management.
6
Higashimatsushima Organization for Progress
and E (economy education energy) (HOPE)
Fuel supply/ transport
Fuel supply
Fuel supply
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Higashimatsushima Organization for Progress
and E (economy education energy) (HOPE)
Administrative
organs
Industry
Division
Community/Health Division
Energy Industry Division
Life Division
Other projects
Local industries
Academic
organizations
Residents
Voluntary private
companies
Foreign government
bodies
１． Human Exchange
Higashi-M atsushima
●Mission from HM
・ Head: Vice mayor Mr. Onuma
(Nov. 2011)
・ Joint mission with JICA Tohoku
●BRR
・ Mr. Kuntoro （May. 2011）
・ Mr. Eddy P urwanto (Feb. 2012)
●Mission from Band Aceh
・ Head: Vice mayor Ms. Illiza （Aug. 2012）
Banda Aceh
２． P articipating in the Reconstruction Works （On the Job Training）
●Trainees from Banda Aceh Municipality (2 persons for 1 year) (Mar. 2013 to Feb. 2014)
・ Sharing Aceh reconstruction experience and forwarding HM reconstruction process
・ Learning reconstruction skills and methods in HM to apply in the Aceh reconstruction
３． Dissemination pilot in Aceh
●P ilot project One (1): Renewable Energy
・ Regional power generation
●P ilot project Two (2): Sustainable town development
・ Waste management improvement
・ Environmental education on harmonization with
nature
・ Disaster mitigation awareness for community
●Technical training for Engineers
・ Collaborating with P oliteknik Aceh
●Capacity development for BA
government
・ Civic collaboration
・ Waste management
●Community capacity development
●P rivate and NGOs development
４． Full-scale dissemination in Aceh
●Transferring the HM reconstruction model
・ Investment and advance by HM industries and
organizations to Aceh
●Transferring the public administration method
・ Dispatching policy experts to Aceh
●Full-scale evolution of sustainable
town development in Aceh
・ Renewable energy
・ Waste management
・ Environmental education
・ Disaster mitigation education
５． Global dissemination in Indonesia and to the world
●BA and HM partnership to global expansion
● BA and HM partnership to global
expansion
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JICA Tohoku
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HigashiMatsushima
City
YamotoHigashi
Civic
Center
Pop = 8,687
YamotoNishi
C/C
6,019
Omagari
C/C
7,090
Akai
C/C
7,444
Oshio
C/C
2,869
Ono
C/C
5,301
Nobiru
C/C
4,909
Miyato
C/C
1,005
9
Sub-district
Center
11
S/C
6
S/C
8
S/C
7
S/C
15
S/C
7
S/C
4
S/C
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Miyagi University
A:
B:
C:
D:
E:
F:
G:
H:
Ono Civic Center
Akai Civic Center
Yamoto-E Civic Center
Yamoto-W Civic Center
Oshio Civic Center
Omagari Civic Center
Miyato Civic Center
Nobiru Civic Center
JICA Tohoku
2011
2012
2013
4-9 10-3
4-9
103
2014
2015
4-9 10-3 4-9 10-3 4-9 10-3
Growth Period
Recovery and reconstruction period
Pub. Infrastructure
Survey
design
Reclamation of the project site
Detail /Design
Disaster Public
Houses
Construction
Move in
Construction
Individual Negotiation
Group Relocation
Finish
License
Land reclamation
/Infrastructure
development
2016
Expl
anat
ion
Original Land acquisition
Land
acquisition
Area Management for Community Devl.
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Facilitation between the local government
and community on the recon plan
 Accumulating lessons learned and cases
through participation in the reconstruction
process
 Deriving the essence from the accumulation
to formulate the future overseas assistance
program
 Supporting the local stakeholders in Tohoku
to deliver lessons and knowledge to the
international society

Fish farmers lose ships, facilities,
all equipment by the tsunami.
Support
• Providing Information of grants,
financial supports and donors.
• Advices to creation of the
application form
• Support for the creation of Web
Site, Sales etc.
• Recruitment of disaster volunteers
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◆ Support to the new community building◆
Transfer to safer high ground
from seaside affected villages
Support
• Connect between the Local
Residents and Local
Government
• Supporting the village planning
based on the community
participation.
• Creation and opportunity for
the women and young
generation participation.
◆ Sharing the Reconstruction Processes◆
• To deliver and share lessons and knowledge to
the international society
• Give lecture and Coordinate of field visit for
JICA’s Training program
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◆ Challenges for the future◆
• Population outflow from the
village
• Aging problem
• Support of invitation such as
welfare facilities
Mirror




Mirror： Role of Reconstruction Facilitator is to expose the issues
and needs that government and residents are having currently. Be
considered a solution in consultation towards its solution in a lot of
people in doing so.
Problems and Challenges 1; Lack of the Opportunities for
Community Participation
⇒To promote the active participation for all generations and women
disseminate information and to suggest at the meeting.
Problems and Challenges 2; Lack of the Information of recovery
and reconstruction progress from City Hall to Community
⇒To publish community newspaper and Website for the visualization
of reconstruction and progress restoration.
Problems and Challenges 3; Lack of cooperation and coordination
among stakeholders
⇒To share the different viewpoint of opinions from the residents, City
Hall and the expert at the same meeting.
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① Designating Disaster Hazard Area
Tsunami Heavily-damaged Area
Tsunami Simulation Result (over 2m)
② Designating Area to be Relocated
Clarifying the Relocation Wishers
Applying the Land Buy-out
③ Executing Relocation Accommodating Individual Needs
Relocation in Group or
Individual
Future Disposal Sale
Public Housing
④ Land Readjustment
Tsunami Damaged Area
Redevelopment
Negotiation with Stayers
Disaster Hazard Area
Heavy
Damage
Rebuildable Area
(Not a l lowed for new
cons truction
Tsunami Inundated Area
Small
Damage
Farm
Land
Coa s tal Li ne
Coa s tal Li ne
Farm
Land
Farm
Land
Farm
Land
House
Road, Canal
Mounded
Road, etc.
Commerce
Industry
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Relocation Wishers
Stayers
Disaster Hazard Area
Rebuildable Area
Commerce
Industry
Farm
Land
Farm
Land
Coa s tal Li ne
Coa s tal Li ne
Farm
Land
Farm
Land
Area to be
Relocated
Buy-out
Zoning according
to the future
ownership
Leased Plots
(future transfer)
Cluster
Relocation
Relocation
Estate
（3-5 yea r l ater）
Cluster relocation
from original place
Leased Plots
Farm
Land
Coa s tal Li ne
Farm
Land
860 houses in total
（Max 3,000戸）
Individual
Relocation
Buy-out
Public Housing
(Apartment)
Negotiation
Wishers for future transfer
Non-wishers fro future transfer
Wishers for public housing
Wishers for individual relocation
Stayers
Commerce
Industry
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Repaired
Tourism and
Commercial
Parks and
Green Belt
Repaired
Farm lands are subject
to buy-out if in the
relocation areas
区画整理
Farm
Land
Coa s tal Li ne
Coa s tal Li ne
Farm
Land
Industrial Zone
Repaired
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