AQUATRON AQUATRON - Scalene South Africa

TM
AQUATRON
AQUATRON Fine Particle Shortwave Thrombolytic Thrombolytic
Agglomeration Reactor (FPSTAR)
Rajah Vijay Kumar., D.Sc. A New
N Technology
T h l
f Wasted
for
W t d Water
Wt
Recovery and Management
Today …
“…Water, water, everywhere, And all the boards did shrink;
Water, water, everywhere, Nor any drop to drink.”
Samuel Tayy lor Coleridge,
g ,
The Rime of the Ancient Mariner
 70% of the earth’s surface is covered with water
 97% percent of the water on the earth is salt water
 2% percent of the water on earth is glacier ice at the North and
South Poles
 Less than 1% is fresh water that we can actually use
 Application : Drinking – Transportation - Heating – Cooling – Industry
& Recycling
Water Issues Today …….
 Industries consume water but also pollute it…
 In
I developing
d
l i
countries,
i
70 % off industrial
i d
i l wastes are dumped
d
d without
i h
treatment - World Development Report (WDR) of 2003
 Each liter of wastewater discharged further pollutes about 5–8
5 8 litres of
water ( CSE , 2004) raising industrial use to 35-50%
 Wastewater treatment systems are essentially installed only to meet the
wastewater discharge norms ( concentration based )
 Industry meets required standards merely by diluting waste water with
clean water – A counter-productive and not a cost-effective solution
FPSTAR Technology
Fine Particle Shortwave
Short a e Thrombolytic
Thrombol tic Agglomeration Reactor
 Particles finer than 0.1 µm (10-7m) in water remain continuously in motion
 This is due to electrostatic charge (often negative) which causes them to
repel each other
 FPSTAR uses a special technique that induces metacomplex ionization and
shortwave bombardment , simultaneously causing flow turbulence..
 This strips (neutralizes) their electrostatic charge…
 The finer particles start to collide and agglomerate (combine together)
under
d the
h influence
fl
off Vander
d Waals’s
l ’ forces
f
 These larger and heavier particles are called Thrombus (clots)
 The process is called as Fine Particle Thrombo- Agglomeration Reaction
An Analogy in Nature
 Blood clotting - A slightly different mechanism in nature
 At its core, the actual mechanism of clotting is remarkably simple
 A fibrous,
fibrous soluble protein called fibrinogen (("clot-maker")
clot-maker ) comprises about
3% of the protein in blood plasma
 Fibrinogen has a sticky portion near the center of the molecule




The sticky region is covered with little amino acid chains with -ve charges
Because like charges repel, these chains keep fibrinogen molecules apart
When a clot forms,, a p
protein-cutting
g enzyme
y
clips
p off the charged
g chains
This exposes the sticky parts of the molecule, and suddenly, fibrinogens
(now called fibrins) start to stick together, beginning the formation of a
clot.
clot
 Three important factors that help the blood to clot:
1. angular frequency of the number of times the heart pulses
2 viscosity of the blood and
2.
3. the turbulence in the circulatory plumbing system.
Single Particle in Water
FPSTAR Technology
 FPSTAR reactor mimics a similar mechanism, found in nature…
 Fine particles in liquids behave in the same way as the fibrinogen in the





blood, with a ‘sticky’ portion at the center and a negative charge as shown
in the figure previous slide..
The charge here is clipped off by applying high intensity shortwaves
th
through
h a specialized
i li d system
t
off surfaces
f
called
ll d Curdiliser
C dili
The Inner vessel of the reactor ( Reactor Core) consists of the Curdiliser
Curdiliser is made up of cylindrical structures made up of complex alloys
consisting of Aluminum
Aluminum, Magnesium
Magnesium, Zinc
Zinc, Copper,
Copper Manganese,
Manganese Titanium
and sometimes even Platinum, Iridium, Silver and Gold, depending on the
particle composition and the waste water to be recovered
The water to be treated will be p
pulse fed to the Reactor Core,, with a
suitable pulsating pump
Flow turbulence is caused by a second pump called the Turbuliser
Mechanism of Action
 High energy shortwave Resonance of different frequencies is delivered to



these structures, depending on the composition of the waste water
They form soluble monomeric and polymeric hydroxo- complexes
M
Metacomplexes
l
f
formed
d depend
d
d on the
h type off alloy
ll chosen
h
ffor a particular
i l
characteristic of the particles that needs to be clotted..
These Metacomplexes are the ones that stick together, beginning the
formation of clots,
clots like the fibrins in the blood
Difficult Constituents
 FPSTAR can also clot materials that do not otherwise form precipitate…
 Sodium and Potassium and non-flocculating or non-coagulating materials
like benzene, toluene or similar complex organic compounds can also be
thrombulated and removed
 Tough to remove substances like lignin can also be thrombulated and
removed by the FPSTAR Process
 This is achieved by pre-treating it with extra high tension millimeter wave
bombardment prior to the FPSTAR process
Process Benefits
 Reduce COD and BOD by 96% +
 Agglomerate particles as small as 0.01 to agglomerates of 10 µm to 1.5 mm
that can be filtered through conventional aids
 Extremely
Et
l fast
f t reaction
ti ti
time, processes water
t on li
line and
d clean
l
water
t
available for recycle immediately
 Arsenic, Nitrates, Heavy Metals and Fluoride content reduced
 Softening
g Solids as fast sedimentation Aid
 Very small space requirements
 Very effective in the removal of high and low turbidity
 Extremely effective in removal of Color, TOC, NOM and DBP precursors
 Works over
o er a wide
ide pH range
 Low cost compared to conventional methods of water treatment / recovery.
 Makes heavier particles that settle faster and works better in cold water
 Higher
g
sludge
g concentrations resulting
g in lower sludge
g disposal
p
costs
 Non-hazardous environmental sludge residue
 Compatible and beneficial with many land application residue programs and
farming, depending on the source of original water.
 A “ NO” chemical
h i l process
Efficacy
Constituents
% Removed
Suspended Solids
> 99%
Oil /Grease / Hydrocarbons
> 99%
Heavy Metals
> 99%
Arsenic / Cyanide
> 96%
Calcium, Magnesium, Potassium
> 90%
Bacteria /Fungus / Algae / Larvae and their spores
> 99%
Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD)
> 96%
Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD)
> 96%
Carbon, Ammonia and Sulphur Compounds
> 98%
Nitrites and Fluorides
> 96%
Naturally
ll Occurring
O
i Radio
di Active
A i Materials
i l (NORM)
( O
)
> 94%
Applications Industry Verticals
OIL AND GAS
•
•
•
gp
platform waste water and flow back water
Drilling
Refinery process storage and ground water
Distribution depot’s wash water
MARINE AND SHIPPING
•
•
•
Tanker and ship bilge water
Ballast water from tankers
Cruise Liner wash and waste water
MINING AND ORE PROCESSING
•
•
Mine Discharge Water and Tailing Ponds
Minerals and precious metals recovery
MINERALS AND METALS PROCESSING
•
•
Process and Cooling Water
Mineral and Precious Metals Recovery from process discharge
Applications (contd.)
CHEMICAL PRODUCTION
• Process and Waste Water
POWER GENERATION
• Process and Wash Water
WASTE MANAGEMENT
• Landfill Leachate Anaerobic Digestate Sewerage Water
• Municipal waste Autoclave discharge
• Car wash waste water
DRINKING WATER
• From contaminated Lakes, Rivers, Sea
FOOD PROCESSING
• Process Water from all kind of food industries
• Recovery of fats, oils and greases
DISTILLERIES, BREWERIES AND WINERIES
DISTILLERIES
• Process Effluent Spent Wash Cooling Water
Laboratory Tests
Laboratory Trials and Pilot operations have confirmed its efficacy
in treating and recovery of the following waste water streams :












Coffee Pulping Wash Water
Brewery spent wash
Distillery Effluent
Sewage water
Lake water
C t i t d river
Contaminated
i
water
t
Textile Dying Water
Tannery effluent water
Sea water
Automobile Servicing water
Dairy wash water
Contaminated g
ground water,, etc.
Industrial Waste water streams
processed at our laboratory
Multi-Stage output in a
Distillery Spent wash
Coffee pulping Waste Water
Water from Coke…
AQUATRON TM

An AQUATRON TM FPSTAR plant is a completely automatic
computer controlled multi-stage system that is totally ‘plug
and play
play’

Only one operator is required to start and stop the plant
and occasionally check the quality of output water

One time setting of all process parameters will ensure
trouble free operation

Th
There
are no chemicals
h i l added,
dd d so effectively
ff ti l there
th
are no
consumables except electricity for its operation

The control rod of the reactor has to be replaced
p
everyy 5000
hours of operation. The control rod is an expensive
replacement.
TM
AQUATRON FPSTAR - Small plant at
SERI’s Laboratoryy
TM
AQUATRON FPSTAR
Demonstration
TM
AQUATRON FPSTAR
Demonstration
TM
AQUATRON
FPSTAR
TM
AQUATRON
In field Operation..
25,000 Liters/ day, Pilot FPSTAR system Installed in Kodagu,
Karnataka, Processing Coffee Pulping Effluent..