Chemistry and Physics Notebooking Journal

Chemistry and Physics
Notebooking Journal
for
Exploring Creation with
Chemistry and Physics
by
Jeannie Fulbright
i
Exploring Creation with Chemistry and Physics Notebooking Journal
Published by Apologia Educational Ministries, Inc.
1106 Meridian Plaza, Suite 220/340
Anderson, IN 46016
www.apologia.com
© 2013 by Jeannie K. Fulbright
ISBN: 978-1-940110-05-9
Unless otherwise indicated, all Scripture quotations are from:
The Holy Bible, New International Version®, NIV®
© 1973, 1978, 1984, 2011 by Biblica, Inc.™
Used by permission. All rights reserved worldwide.
Other Scripture quotations are from:
New American Standard Bible® (NASB) © 1960, 1977, 1995
by the Lockman Foundation. Used by permission.
The Holy Bible, New King James Version (NKJV)
© 1982 by Thomas Nelson, Inc.
Apologia is a trademark of Apologia Educational Ministries, Inc.,
and is registered in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.
Printed in the United States of America
by Courier, Inc., Kendallville, IN
First Printing 2013
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or
transmitted, in any form or by any means—electronic, mechanical, photocopying,
recording, or otherwise—without prior written permission.
ii
Contents
Note from the Author ..............................................v
How to Use This Book ............................................vi
Daily Schedule .......................................................viii
Lesson 5: Multitude of Mixtures
Fascinating Facts .....................................................64
Notebooking Activity: Items Around the House .....67
Vocabulary Crossword .............................................68
Scripture Copywork ................................................69
Separating Mixtures Layered Book Paste Page ......71
Test It Out ................................................................72
My Mixtures Projects ..............................................73
What Do You Remember? ......................................75
Lesson 1: Chemistry and Physics Matter
Fascinating Facts .....................................................12
Notebooking Activity: Archimedes Play .................14
Vocabulary Crossword ........................................... 16
Scripture Copywork ............................................... 17
Matter Flap Book Paste Page ................................. 19
Test It Out .............................................................. 20
My Matter Projects ............................................... 21
What Do You Remember? ......................................24
Lesson 6: Mechanics in Motion
Fascinating Facts .....................................................76
Notebooking Activity: Sir Isaac Newton ................78
Notebooking Activity: Laws of Motion Flaps ........79
Vocabulary Crossword ............................................82
Scripture Copywork ................................................83
Laws of Motion Wheels Paste Page ........................85
Test It Out ...............................................................86
My Mechanics in Motion Projects ..........................87
What Do You Remember? ......................................89
Lesson 2: Moving Matter
Fascinating Facts .....................................................25
Notebooking Activity: States of Matter Pockets .....27
Vocabulary Crossword ............................................30
Scripture Copywork ................................................31
States of Matter Wheel Paste Page ..........................33
Test It Out ................................................................34
My Moving Matter Projects ....................................35
What Do You Remember? .......................................37
Lesson 7: Dynamics of Motion
Fascinating Facts .....................................................90
Notebooking Activity: My Race Car or Plane
Design ..................................................................93
Vocabulary Crossword .............................................94
Scripture Copywork ................................................95
Forces of Motion Minibooks Paste Page .................97
Test It Out ...............................................................98
My Dynamics of Motion Projects ...........................99
What Do You Remember? ....................................102
Lesson 3: Building Blocks of Creation
Fascinating Facts .....................................................38
Notebooking Activity: Covalent Bond Comic ........40
Notebooking Activity: Ionic Bond Comic ..............41
Vocabulary Crossword ............................................42
Scripture Copywork ................................................43
Building Blocks Layered Book Paste Page ............45
Test It Out ................................................................46
My Building Blocks Projects ..................................47
What Do You Remember? ......................................49
Lesson 8: Work in the World
Fascinating Facts ...................................................103
Notebooking Activity: Letter to the Editor ...........105
Vocabulary Crossword ..........................................106
Scripture Copywork ..............................................107
Energy Matchbook Paste Page ..............................109
Test It Out ............................................................. 110
My Work Projects ................................................. 111
What Do You Remember? .................................... 113
Lesson 4: Compound Chemistry
Fascinating Facts .....................................................50
Notebooking Activity: Life of a Plastic Object .......52
Vocabulary Crossword ............................................54
Scripture Copywork ................................................55
Compounds Tuck-In Envelopes Paste Page.............57
Test It Out ...............................................................58
My Crystals Projects ...............................................59
My Polymers Projects .............................................61
What Do You Remember? ......................................62
iii
Note from the Author
Welcome to the wonderful learning adventure of notebooking. This notebooking journal correlates withthe
Apologia textbook, Exploring Creation with Chemistry and Physics. It provides a place for students to complete
the assignments in the text, as well as many optional activities, and will serve as their individual notebook. You
only need to provide scissors, glue, colored pencils, a stapler, and a few brass fasteners.
Notebooking is not new. In fact, keeping notebooks was the primary way the learned men of our past educated
themselves, from Leonardo da Vinci and Christopher Columbus to George Washington, John Quincy Adams,
and Meriwether Lewis. These men and many others of their time were avid journal keepers or notebookers.
They were also comparatively much more advanced in their knowledge—even as teens—than we are today.
George Washington was a licensed surveyor during his teenage years, and John Quincy Adams graduated from
law school at age seventeen.
It makes sense to emulate the methods of education of these great men rather than to use failing modern
methods such as fill-in-the-blank and matching worksheets that do not fully engage students’ minds. Studies
show that individuals remember only 5 percent of what they hear, 50 percent of what they see and hear, and 90
percent of what they see, hear, and do. When students participate in activities that correspond with learning,
retention increases exponentially. This is exactly what the Chemistry and Physics Notebooking Journal is
designed to do—offer engaging learning activities to increase your students’ learning and retention.
In addition to academic achievement, notebooking offers many benefits to students, parents, and teachers.
It provides students an opportunity to express themselves uniquely as they learn and becomes a treasured
keepsake of everything they have learned about chemistry and physics. For parents and teachers, it becomes a
record of the year’s studies that can easily be transferred to a portfolio if needed.
This journal will make notebooking easier for both you and your students by supplying an abundance of
templates, hands-on craft suggestions, projects, additional experiment ideas, and many activities that will
engage students in learning. Remember that everything in this notebooking journal is optional. Every child is
different, learns differently, and responds differently to the array of activities provided here. Your goal is not to
complete every activity but to make learning a joy. Use discernment to decide what activities and assignments
will truly enhance your students’ learning experience, encourage a love for learning, and build their confidence
in science. If something is a drudgery, it will not increase your students’ retention; it will only discourage their
enjoyment of science and may also result in unmotivated learners. Because this notebooking journal will serve
as a student’s own unique record, you may customize it by simply tearing out the activity pages that you choose
not to use.
It is my hope and prayer that you and your students will benefit from your studies this year, grow closer to God
as you learn about His creation, and find joy in the learning process.
Warmly,
v
How to Use This Book
This notebooking journal provides a suggested schedule for studying Exploring Creation with Chemistry and
Physics, as well as a variety of activities to enhance students’ learning. The first three activities explained below
are taken directly from the coursework contained in the textbook; the other activities are additional options that
coordinate with the textbook.
Suggested Schedule
The suggested schedule includes reading the Exploring Creation with Chemistry and Physics text and
completing the activities contained in the textbook and in this journal. Though not everyone will choose to use
the schedule, those who do may find it very beneficial. Some parents and teachers will appreciate having their
students’ daily reading and assignments organized for them. Older students will find it easy to complete the
work by following the schedule on their own. The suggested schedule provides for the course to be completed
in twenty-eight weeks, two days per week, but it can be adapted to fit your goals. You can expedite the course
by studying science three or four days per week or lengthen it by studying science only one day per week. If
you wish to do the extra activities found in the “Test It Out” pages (which are not included in the schedule), still
another day of science can be added. Above all, use the suggested schedule in a way that best suits your family.
Fascinating Facts
Exploring Creation with Chemistry and Physics contains many facts, ideas, and interesting notions. Although
oral narration is an effective means to increase retention, students may wish to record some of the information
through drawing or writing. The “Fascinating Facts” pages can be used for written narrations. If your students
are avid writers, you can access more “Fascinating Facts” pages to print (free of charge) on the Apologia
website. Go to www.apologia.com/bookextras and type in this password: godmadeitall. Add pages to this
notebooking journal by stapling them onto one of the existing “Fascinating Facts” pages.
Notebooking Assignments, Activities, and Projects
Exploring Creation with Chemistry and Physics includes suggested notebooking assignments, activities, and
projects—typically at the end of each lesson. This journal provides templates (blank pages with lines for writing
or space for drawing) that students can use for completing these activities. Colored pencils can be used to
encourage creative, high-quality work.
What Do You Remember? Narrative Questions
These review questions are the same questions asked in the “What Do You Remember?” section at the end
of each lesson in Exploring Creation with Chemistry and Physics. They can be answered orally or, for older
students, used as a written narration assignment. For co-ops or classroom use, these questions may also serve as
a way to evaluate how much the students have retained from the reading. However, I encourage you to review
the material with students before giving the questions as a written narration assignment. This will encourage
better retention of the material and increase students’ confidence and ability to restate their learning. An answer
key is provided in the back of the textbook.
Vocabulary Crosswords
If you desire to expand your students’ studies, the vocabulary crosswords can be used to review the new words
and concepts mentioned in the lesson. Remember, working with the vocabulary in this manner is not a test of
students’ knowledge but should be viewed as a reinforcement and reminder of what they have learned.
vi
Scripture Copywork
Incorporating the Word of God in your science studies through Scripture copywork will provide many benefits
to your students. It will encourage stronger faith and memorization of Scripture, as well as better writing,
spelling, and grammar skills. Each lesson has a corresponding verse for students to copy; they may print or
write in cursive.
Cut-and-Fold Miniature Books
At the back of this journal, you will find cut-and-fold miniature book craft activities that correspond with the
reading and review the concepts learned in each lesson. Writing lines are provided on the minibooks so your
students can record the information they have learned. Some books ask for specific information; others allow
students to record whatever facts they found most interesting. Students will cut out the pattern, write what
they have learned in the designated places, then assemble the books according to the directions. Paste pages
throughout this journal provide a place for students to preserve and display their minibooks. As with all the
notebooking activities, the minibooks are entirely optional. Some students thrive with the hands-on approach,
while other students do not benefit academically from this type of activity. Allow your students to try the
minibooks to see if they enjoy learning in this way.
Test It Out
The “Test It Out” suggestions are designed to give students additional ideas and activities that might enhance
their studies, such as experiments, hands-on activities, recommended research and living books, and audio and
video resources. Please be aware that some books may contain evolutionary content. Be sure to provide adult
supervision for all “Test It Out” activities, projects, and experiments.
Project Pages
Many of the projects and experiments in Exploring Creation with Chemistry and Physics are hands-on and
therefore cannot be preserved in a notebook. Each lesson in this notebooking journal provides project pages
where students can write about what they did and learned from the various projects and experiments. Be sure
to take pictures of the finished products and glue them onto the project pages. Students will enjoy looking back
and remembering the fun they had learning chemistry and physics!
Field Trip Sheets
Your family may wish to further enhance your studies by visiting a science museum. Field trip sheets are
provided at the back of this notebooking journal to record your visits. You can make a pocket on the back of
these sheets to hold any brochures or additional information you receive. Simply glue three edges (sides and
bottom) of a half-sheet of construction paper to the bottom of the field trip sheet.
Final Review
At the end of this journal are 50 questions that review the entire course. They can be answered orally or in
writing. This is an optional activity; however, I believe your students would be pleasantly surprised to see how
much they know about chemistry and physics after answering the questions.
vii
Daily Schedule
Week
Day 1
1
Lesson 1 Chemistry and Physics Matter
Read text pp. 15–17 & narrate
Begin working on Fascinating Facts about Chemistry and
Physics, NJ pp. 12–13
Try This! text p. 17
Read text pp. 18–20 & narrate
Try This! text p. 19
Read text pp.20–23 & narrate
Try This! text pp. 20, 22, 23
Read text pp. 24–27 & narrate
Try This! text pp. 25, 26, 27
Lesson 1 Chemistry and Physics Matter
Notebooking Activity: Archimedes Play, text p. 28,
NJ pp. 14–15
Vocabulary Crossword, NJ p. 16
Scripture Copywork, NJ pp. 17–18
Creation Confirmation Minibook, NJ p. A1, Extra Miniature
Books, NJ p. A5, Matter Flap Book, NJ p. A7
Project: Lava Lamps, text p. 29, NJ pp. 21–23
What Do You Remember? text p. 28, NJ p. 24
3
Lesson 2 Moving Matter
Read text pp. 30–32 & narrate
Begin working on Fascinating Facts about Moving
Matter, NJ pp. 25–26
Try This! text p. 32
Read text pp. 33–35 & narrate
Try This! text pp. 33, 34, 35
Read text pp. 36–37 & narrate
Try This! text p. 37
Read text pp. 38–41 & narrate
Try This! text pp. 38, 41
4
Lesson 2 Moving Matter
Notebooking Activity: Matter Pockets, text p. 41,
NJ pp. 27–29
Vocabulary Crossword, NJ p. 30
Scripture Copywork, NJ pp. 31–32
States of Matter Wheel, NJ p. A9
Experiment: Earth’s Water Cycle, text p. 42, NJ pp. 35–36
What Do You Remember? text p. 41, NJ p. 37
2
Day 2
5
6
7
Page numbers for the text are indicated by text. Page numbers for the notebooking journal are indicated by NJ.
viii
Fascinating Facts
about
Matter
Lesson 1
12
Fascinating Facts
about
Matter
Lesson 1
13
Archimedes Play
Lesson 1
14
Archimedes Play
Lesson 1
15
Vocabulary Crossword
Lesson 1
properties
ductility
plasticity
density
matter
malleable
volume
displace
Across
luster
mass
buoyancy
Down
3. How much mass is in a certain volume of matter
8. The special features, traits, or attributes of material
found in the universe
9. The amount of space something takes up
10. The amount of shine something has
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Tells us how much matter is inside something
Anything that has volume and mass
The ability of an object to be made into a wire
What we call something that’s bendable
To replace matter with another kind of matter or to
move matter
6. When a material can be changed into a different
shape without breaking
8. The ability of something to float
16
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17
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He is before all things, and in him
all things hold together.
Colossians 1:17
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18
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øáƒàÀåæ Äøãøãæ ƒìøáƒàÀçæÜÚíæ øáæé‰ãæÉæ ƒìæé„܇уìøá¬Ñƒëæ.
úæé‰ãæéÛíˆíƒàæÄÀçˆíæ 1:17
Matter Flap Book
Lesson 1
Paste your Matter Flap
Book onto this page.
19
Test It Out
Lesson 1
Coke Float
We talked a lot about density. Which do you think is more dense: Coke or Diet Coke? For this activity, you’ll
need an adult’s supervision and a can of each type of soda. Fill an aquarium, a large bucket, or even the
kitchen sink with water. Now place both cans in the water. What happens? Why do you think that is?
Overflow Beans
Here’s an activity on water displacement. You’ll need an adult’s supervision, a bowl of water, a small cup, a
tablespoon, and some beans. Using a tablespoon, count how many tablespoons of water it takes to fill the cup.
Now remove several tablespoons of water to make room for some beans. How many beans do you think you
can place in the cup before the water overflows? Make a guess! Now put the beans in the water to see if you
are correct. You have just estimated water displacement based on volume!
Boating Basics
Let’s experiment with buoyancy. You’ll need an adult’s supervision, a piece of clay, a sink, and water. Fill your
sink with water. Now split a piece of clay into two equal-sized pieces. Shape one piece into a ball and the other
into a boat. Place the clay pieces into the water. See if you can explain what happens. (If the area of the object
that makes contact with the water is large enough, the object floats. The object must make room for its own
volume by pushing aside, or displacing, an equivalent volume of liquid.)
A Gallon a Day
This experiment will help you appreciate how much water you use everyday and understand how vital water
is to your daily existence. Fill a 1-gallon container with water and try to get through the entire day using water
only from the container. Use the water for hand washing, tooth brushing, face washing, dish rinsing, and
drinking. Remember to use the water sparingly. See if you can make it last the whole day! Hint: Some of the
water you can recycle, and some you can’t. You wouldn’t want to drink the water you used to wash your hands
(or anything else, for that matter) or brush your teeth. But you could wash your hands with the water you used
to wash your face.
Book Suggestions
What’s the Matter in Mr. Whiskers’ Room? by Michael Elsohn Ross. Mr. Whiskers encourages his students to
use all their senses to discover matter. K–3rd.
How to Think Like a Scientist: Answering Questions by the Scientific Method by Stephen P. Kramer. Humorous
and appealing pictures help teach students to use the scientific method and think like a scientist. 3rd–6th.
What’s Chemistry All About? by Alex Frith and Lisa Gillespie. This book’s conversational style explains
chemistry in a fun and informative way. Comic strips, fact boxes, “nerdy notes,” and fun experiments teach kids
complicated topics. 3rd–6th.
Physics: Why Matter Matters! by Dan Green. Wacky characters invite you into the world of physics using visual
interpretations to teach complex concepts. 3rd–6th.
20
My Matter Projects
What I did:
What I learned:
eeeee
Lesson 1
21
What I did:
What I learned:
My Matter Projects
What I did:
What I learned:
eeeee
Lesson 1
22
What I did:
What I learned:
My Matter Projects
What I did:
What I learned:
eeeee
Lesson 1
23
What I did:
What I learned:
What Do You Remember?
Lesson 1
1. Physics and chemistry are both the studies of _________ and _________.
2. Matter is defined as anything that has ________ and ________.
3. What is mass?
4. Why is mass not always measured by weight?
5. How can we measure volume?
6. Which is denser—a cube of wood or the same size cube of gold? Why?
7. Name as many properties of matter as you can recall.
24
Fascinating Facts
about
Moving Matter
Lesson 2
25
Fascinating Facts
about
Moving Matter
Lesson 2
26
Matter Pockets
Lesson 2
Solid Matter
Liquid Matter
Gas Matter
Cut out the rectangles on this page. Place glue
along the bottom and sides of each rectangle.
Glue them onto the States of Matter paste
page (p. 29) to make pockets.
27
States of Matter
Lesson 2
Paste your pocket here.
Paste your pocket here.
Paste your pocket here.
29
Vocabulary Crossword
Lesson 2
non-Newtonian liquid
surface tension
boiling point
condensation point
solid
liquids
boiling
freezing point
amorphous solid
steam
melting point
viscosity
gas
Across
Down
3. The temperature that makes something change from
a liquid to a gas TWO WORDS
6. The temperature that makes a liquid turn into a solid
TWO WORDS
9. A substance that’s both a solid and a liquid TWO
WORDS
12. The temperature that makes a solid turn into a liquid
TWO WORDS
13. The thickness or resistance to flow in a liquid
1. The temperature that makes a gas turn into a liquid
TWO WORDS
2. When heated water molecules begin to move with a
lot of energy
4. A solid without a shape TWO WORDS
5. An invisible skin that forms when molecules on the
surface of the water stick together TWO WORDS
7. A state of matter with particles that don’t have a
specific volume or shape; the particles take on the
volume and shape of the container
8. Anything that has a specific shape and size
10. Substances that are free to flow, with no particular
shape
11. Heated water molecules that have changed from a
liquid to a gas
30
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31
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To Him who laid out the earth
above the waters, For His mercy
endures forever.
Psalm 136:6 (NKJV)
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32
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PˆíæÄøãÀåæ 136:6 (NKJV)
States of Matter
Wheel
Lesson 2
Paste your States of Matter
Wheel onto this page.
33
Test It Out
Lesson 2
Matter Demonstration
A great way to demonstrate the three states of matter is by using balloons! You’ll need an adult’s supervision
and three identical balloons. First, fill one balloon with air. Now fill the other two balloons with water. Place one
of the water balloons in the freezer. When it’s frozen, observe the three states of matter demonstrated by the
three balloons.
Cheerios Atoms Demonstration
A fun way to remember the arrangement of atoms in the three states of matter is to use Cheerios and a little
glue. This will really help the concept stick! You’ll need an adult’s supervision, a bowl of Cheerios, a large piece
of paper, and glue. On a large piece of paper, draw three boxes. Label one solids, one liquids, and one gases.
Your Cheerios will represent the atoms/molecules in each of the three substances. Now glue Cheerios into the
boxes to show how the atoms might appear in each state. For example, the Cheerios in the solid state would
be lined up close together. How would the atoms appear in the solid and gas states?
Under Pressure
Sometimes pressure changes a substance from a liquid to a solid. Let’s see this in action! You’ll need an
adult’s supervision, cornstarch, and water. Place a teaspoon of cornstarch in your hand. Add a few drops of
water to the cornstarch and mix it well. Keep adding water, a little at a time, until the mixture is slightly watery.
Now add pressure to the cornstarch mixture by squeezing it in your hand. What happens? Release your hand.
What happens to the mixture?
Book Suggestions
Berenstain Bears’ Science Fair by Stan and Jan Berenstain. Presented in simple terms and with lively pictures,
this book shows how things work. K–3rd.
The Solid Truth about States of Matter with Max Axiom, Super Scientist by Agnieszka Biskup. Informative and
easy to understand, this books reads like a comic. Vocabulary words are included. 3rd–6th.
A Drop around the World by Barbara Shaw McKinney. A favorite among teachers, this book engagingly shows
the importance of the water cycle as readers follow a drop of water around the world. 3rd–6th.
A Drop of Water: A Book of Science and Wonder by Walter Wick. Up-close photography accompanies
introductions to science concepts such as evaporation and condensation. 3rd–6th.
Chemistry: Getting a Big Reaction by Dan Green. Readers discover the secrets of chemistry and the properties
of matter in this compelling guide. 3rd–6th.
34
My Moving Matter Projects
What I did:
What I learned:
eeeee
Lesson 2
35
What I did:
What I learned:
My Moving Matter Projects
What I did:
What I learned:
eeeee
Lesson 2
36
What I did:
What I learned:
What Do You Remember?
Lesson 2
1. What are the three main states of matter?
2. What causes one state of matter to change into another state?
3. Which state of matter is composed of atoms that are frozen in place?
.4. Which state of matter is composed of atoms that are bound together but do not
have a specific form?
5. Which state of matter is composed of atoms that are freely moving about,
expanding to take up as much space as is available?
6. What is freezing point?
7. What temperature is the freezing point of water?
8. What is melting point?
9. What is boiling point?
10. What temperature is the boiling point of water?
11. What is the condensation point?
37
Vocabulary Crossword solutions
Lesson 1
Lesson 2
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 6
Lesson 5
199
Matter Flap Book
Matter
Archimedes
Instructions:
1. Cut out the large rectangle on this
page along the dotted lines.
2. Cut between the rectangles along
the four dotted lines that divide the
rectangles. Do not cut into the
orange fold lines!
3. Fold the colored rectangles away
from you along the orange fold
lines.
4. Turn over your Matter Flap Book
and lift the flaps.
5. Write the information requested
about the topics on the flaps.
6. Paste this side of your Matter Flap
Book (with these words) onto the
paste page (p. 19).
Density
Matter Flap Book: Lesson 1
Volume
Mass
Buoyancy
A7
More Matter Facts
A8
Matter Flap Book: Lesson 1
States of Matter Wheel
Instructions:
1. Cut out the states of matter circle and the fact circle. Be sure to cut out the white empty spaces in the
states of matter circle.
2. Place the states of matter circle on top of the fact circle, and insert a brass fastener in the center (on the
gold spot) to secure the two circles.
3. In the triangular space opposite each topic, write what you’ve learned about that topic.
4. Dab paste on the bottom of the fact circle and paste your States of Matter Wheel onto the paste page (p.
37).
States of matter circle
States of Matter Wheel: Lesson 2
A9
Solid
uid
Liq
Ga
s
Freezin
Viscos
Co
nd
Poens
int atio
n
t
n
i
o
P
Melting
t
n
i
o
P
g
n
i
il
o
B
ity
g point
Fact circle
States of Matter Wheel: Lesson 2
A11