KDHS 2014 Maternal and Child Health

Maternal and Child Health
2014 Kenya Demographic
and Health Survey (KDHS)
Antenatal Care (ANC)
• 96% of pregnant women with a birth in the
past 5 years received ANC from a skilled
provider.
• 20% of women went to their first ANC visit
during the 1st trimester of pregnancy, as
recommended.
• 58% of women had 4 or more ANC visits.
Components of Antenatal Care
Among women age 15-49 who received
ANC for most recent birth in the past 5
years, percent receiving the following
services:
Blood pressure measured
94
Blood sample taken
96
Urine sample taken
89
Given information on breastfeeding
68
Informed of signs of pregnancy
complications
58
Among women age 15-49 with a live
birth in the past 5 years, percent who:
Took iron tablets or syrup
Took intestinal parasite drugs
69
31
Place of Delivery
Percent distribution of live births in the five-year period before the survey
17
37
49
27
15
Home
8
Private sector facility
Public sector facility
46
Total
55
41
Urban
Rural
Delivery in a Health Facility by County
Percent of live births in the five-year period before the survey
Counties with < 35% health facility deliveries
• Tana River
• Marsabit
• West Pokot
• Samburu
• Turkana
• Wajir
32%
26%
26%
25%
23%
18%
Delivery in a Health Facility by County
Percent distribution of live births in the five-year period before the survey
Counties with > 80% health facility deliveries
• Kirinyaga
• Kiambu
• Nyeri
• Nairboi
• Nyandarua
• Murang’a
• Mombasa
• Meru
• Embu
93%
93%
89%
89%
86%
85%
82%
82%
82%
Problems in Accessing Health Care
Percent of women age 15-49 who report the following problems in
accessing health care for themselves when they are sick:
Getting permission to go for treatment
Not wanting to go alone
Distance to health facility
Getting money for treatment
At least one problem accessing health
care
6
11
23
37
46
Maternal Mortality
• Maternal mortality includes all deaths that
occur during pregnancy, during birth, and up
to 2 months after birth or the end of the
pregnancy.
• Maternal mortality ratio (MMR) for the 7-year
period before the survey =
362 deaths per 100,000 live births
(CI: 254,471)
Mortality and Child Health
2014 Kenya Demographic
and Health Survey (KDHS)
Childhood Mortality Rates
Deaths per 1,000 live births for the five-year period before the survey
52
39
22
Neonatal
mortality
16
Postneonatal
mortality
14
Infant mortality Child mortality
Under-5
mortality
Childhood Mortality
by Mother’s Education
Deaths per 1,000 live births for the 10-year period before the survey
No education
Primary complete
51
36
40
Infant mortality
Secondary+
56
40
Under-5 mortality
51
Trends in Childhood Mortality
Deaths per 1,000 live births for the five-year period before the survey
115
74
Under-5 mortality
77
52
52
Infant mortality
2003 KDHS
2008-09 KDHS
39
2014 KDHS
Maternal Factors Associated with High
Risk of Childhood Mortality
Children are at an elevated risk of dying if:
• Too short birth interval: less than 24 moths after a
previous birth
• Mother is “too young” (under 18) or “too old”
(over 40)
• High birth order: mother has four or more children
Childhood Mortality by
Previous Birth Interval
Deaths per 1,000 live births for the 10-year period before the survey
< 2 years
2 years
3 years
4+ years
83
60
53
36
29
Infant mortality
36
42
Under-5 mortality
44
Childhood Mortality by Birth Order
Deaths per 1,000 live births for the 10-year period before the survey
1
2 to 3
4 to 6
7+
62
57
43
36
42
Infant mortality
48
49
Under-5 mortality
65
Trends in Basic Vaccination Coverage
Percent of children age 12-23 months with all basic vaccinations
79
77
79
2008-09 KDHS
2014 KDHS
65
57
1993 KDHS
1998 KDHS
2003 KDHS
Basic Vaccination Coverage
by Mother’s Education
Percent of children age 12-23 months who have received all basic vaccinations
84
87
75
57
No education
Primary incomplete
Primary complete
Secondary+
Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI)
In the 2 weeks before the survey, 9% of children
under 5 were ill with cough and rapid
breathing, symptoms of ARI. Among these
children:
• 66% were taken to a health facility or provider for
advice or treatment.
• 53% of these children received antibiotics.
Diarrhoea
In the 2 weeks before the survey, 15% of
children under 5 had diarrhoea.
• Among these children, 58% were taken to a health
facility or provider for advice or treatment.
Nutrition
2014 Kenya Demographic
and Health Survey (KDHS)
Early Breastfeeding
• Provides a newborn with colostrum, a key
supplement for the infant’s immune system.
• 62% of newborns are breastfed within the first
hour of life, and 91% within the first day.
• 16% of newborns are given food or liquid other
than breastmilk (prelacteal feed), although this is
not recommended.
• 99% of infants are ever breastfed.
Exclusive Breastfeeding by Age
Percent of children exclusively breastfed
84
63
61
42
0 to 1
4
2 to 3
4 to 5
Age in months
0 to 5
Duration of Breastfeeding
Median duration of breastfeeding in months among children born in the last three years
21
3.3
5
Any breastfeeding
Exclusive breastfeeding
4.4
Predominant breastfeeding
Nutritional Status of Children
Percent of children under 5
Moderate
Stunted (too short for age)
Wasted (too thin for height)
Underweight (too thin for age)
15
Severe
18
8
26
31 4
9
2
11
*Based on the 2006 WHO Child Growth Standards
Stunting among Children by County
Percent of children under 5
Counties > 33%
• Kitui
46%
• West Pokot
46%
• Kilife
39%
• Mandera
• Bomet
• Tharaka-Nithi
36%
36%
33%
• Narok
33%
•
•
•
•
•
Counties < 18%
Kirinyaga
17%
Nairobi
17%
Garissa
16%
Kiambu
16%
Nyeri
15%
*Based on the 2006 WHO Child Growth Standards
16
Trends in Nutritional Status of Children
Percent of children under 5
38
36
35
Stunted
26
18
16
16
Underweight
7
6
7
1998 KDHS
2003 KDHS
2008-09 KDHS
Wasted
11
4
2014 KDHS